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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Intro To Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Observing subjects in their natural environment with no attempts at intervention on the part of the researcher.
displacement
naturalistic observation
epinephrine
Jean Piaget
2. The first person to study memory scientifically and systematically; used nonsense syllables and recorded how many times he had to study a list to remember it well
Hermann Ebbinghaus
participant observation
Lev Vygotsky
dopamine
3. The division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body's skeletal muscles. Also called the skeletal nervous system
endorphins
somatic nervous system
sympathetic nervous system
William James
4. The 'little brain' attached to the rear of the brainstem; its functions include processing sensory input and coordinating movement output and balance
cerebellum
reciprocal determinism
sociology
Albert Bandura
5. Any clinical approach to personality - as Freud's - that sees personality as the result of a dynamic interplay of conscious and unconscious factors.
social psychologist
Erik Erikson's
variable ratio
psychodynamic
6. Goals framed in terms of performing well in front of others - being judged favorably - and avoiding criticism
abreaction
somatization
displacement
performance goals
7. The division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body - mobilizing its energy in stressful situations. Also called a fight or flight response.
sympathetic nervous system
B.F. Skinner
split brain study
deduction
8. A psychologist who uses psychological concepts to make the workplace a more satisfying environment for employees and managers
concept
mastery goals
Erik Erikson's
industrial-organizational psychologist
9. The appearance of things relative to one another as determined by their distance from the viewer
absolute threshold
linear perspective
criterion validity
corticosteriods
10. Stages of development - Stage 8 Wisdom - Ego Integrity vs. Despair - old age / from mid sixties. Some handle death well. Some can be bitter - unhappy - and/or dissatisfied with what they have accomplished or failed to accomplish within their lifetim
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11. A neurotransmitter that enables learning and memory and also triggers muscle contraction. - lack of production is linked to Alzheimer's
cognitive
internal validity
Stockholm syndrome
acetylcholine
12. The process through which the body absorbs social stress and manifests symptoms of suffering; also called embodiment
secondary reinforcer
somatization
hierarchy of needs
mastery goals
13. Secreted from the adrenal cortex - aids the body during stress by increasing glucose levels
cortisol
Humanism
case study
reciprocal determinism
14. Inferences are said to possess internal validity if a causal relation between two variables is properly demonstrated.
interaction
Albert Bandura
internal validity
displacement
15. Research in which the same people are restudied and retested over a long period
psychological science
Piaget's theory of child cognitive development 4 stages
longitudinal study
B.F. Skinner
16. 1896-1934; russian developmental psychologist who emphasized the role of the social environment on cognitive development and proposed the idea of zones of proximal development. GUIDED PARTICIPATION - Children's interaction with knowledgeable adults o
Lev Vygotsky
REM sleep
catecholamines
external validity
17. Classical conditioning. trained a dog to respond to the sound of a bell by pairing it up with food.
Ivan Pavlov
Erik Erikson's
Jean Piaget
psychological science
18. Part of the cerebral cortex; coordinates messages from other cerebral lobes; involved in complex problem-solving tasks - thinking - self-control - judgment - emotion regulation - personality affects - concentration - goal directed behavior; restructu
algorithm
frontal lobe
reinforcer
neuroscientist
19. Experimental results caused by expectations alone; any effect on behavior caused by the administration of an inert substance or condition - which is assumed to be an active agent
synaptic cleft
occipital lobe
Stages of Moral Development
placebo effect
20. Anti adrenaline - affects neurons involved in increased heart rate and the slowing of intestinal activity during stress - and neurons involved in learning - memory - dreaming - waking from sleep - and emotion. increase arousal and boost mood-scarce d
Hermann Ebbinghaus
nonrepinephrine
cognitive
naturalistic observation
21. Conflict that results from having to choose between two distasteful alternatives
avoidance-avoidance conflict
altruism
experimental research
displacement
22. Abbreviation for computerized axial tomography - uses a computer and a rotating x-ray device to create detailed - cross-sectional images - or slices - of organs and body parts
retina
Erik Erikson's
CAT scan
sensory adaptation
23. Theory of child development included the Socratic method of questioning children by guiding them to reflect on their behavior. His emphasis on self-awareness and reflection has been adopted into school curricula and used to help students become criti
Jean Piaget
parietal lobe
drive reduction
neurotransmitter
24. The part of declarative memory that stores general information such as names and facts.
REM sleep
humanistic
semantic memory
proactive interference
25. Portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the back of the head; visual areas
cognitive
occipital lobe
internal validity
parietal lobe
26. Theory states that the acquisitiion of new knowledge and behaviors is central to human development. Was a pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. he is famous fo
hierarchy of needs
opponent-process theory
B.F. Skinner
Stages of Moral Development
27. Stages of development - Stage 4 Competence - Industry vs. Inferiority - School-age / 6-11. Child comparing self worth to others (such as in a classroom environment). Child can recognize major disparities in personal abilities relative to other chil
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28. One of the earliest psychologists in America who undertook a rigorous and structures approach to studying personality. He identified the idiographic and nomothetic views to personality.
avoidance-avoidance conflict
Gordon Allport
Sigmund Freud
linear perspective
29. Of or pertaining to the mental processes of perception - memory - judgment - and reasoning - as contrasted with emotional and volitional processes
Erik Erikson's
cognitive
forgetting curve
negative punishment
30. State whereby a victim forms an emotional attachment to their captors.
information processing theory
empirical evidence
shizophrenia
Stockholm syndrome
31. Portion posterior to the frontal lobe - responsible for sensations such as pain - temperature - and touch
Lev Vygotsky
Humanism
parietal lobe
functional MRI
32. Any of several chemical substances - as epinephrine or acetylcholine - that transmit nerve impulses across a synapse to a postsynaptic element - as another nerve - muscle - or gland.
case study
neurotransmitter
reinforcer
George Kelly
33. The state of being anonymous
psychoanalysis
anonymity
hierarchy of needs
altruism
34. A measure of how well the variables of one test (could be personality) measure the same things as the variables of a similar test.
criterion validity
psychological science
Humanism
Lev Vygotsky
35. Stages of development - Stage 3 Purpose - Initiative vs. Guilt - Preschool / 3-6 years - Can the child plan or do things on his own - such as dress him or herself. If 'guilty' about making his or her own choices - the child will not function well. E
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36. A mutual or reciprocal relationship between two or more things
correlation
concept
parietal lobe
REM sleep
37. Stroke bottom of the foot up and across by the toes and the toes fan out
babinksi reflex
corticosteriods
Hermann von Helmholtz
external validity
38. Stages of development - Stage 5 Fidelity - Identity vs. Role Confusion - Adolescent / 12 years till mid twenties. Questioning of self. Who am I - how do I fit in? Where am I going in life? Erikson believes that if the parents allow the child to exp
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39. The portion of the vertebrate nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord that perceives - gathers - interprets - and records incoming sensory information and also sends out communication destined for muscles - glands and internal organs s
neofreudian
central nervous system
neurotransmitter
CAT scan
40. Austrian neurologist who originated psychoanalysis (1856-1939); Said that human behavior is irrational; behavior is the outcome of conflict between the id (irrational unconscious driven by sexual - aggressive - and pleasure-seeking desires) and ego (
occipital lobe
fixed ratio
Hermann von Helmholtz
Sigmund Freud
41. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation
occipital lobe
carl jung
Hermann Ebbinghaus
dopamine
42. Adrenaline; activates a sympathetic nervous system by making the heart beat faster - stopping digestion - enlarging pupils - sending sugar into the bloodstream - preparing a blood clot faster
Erik Erikson
babinksi reflex
epinephrine
cross-sectional study
43. The lowest level of stimulation that a person can detect
fovea
absolute threshold
babinksi reflex
Erik Erikson's
44. Created the 'hierarchy of needs -'--physiological needs - safety & security - love & belonging - self-esteem - self-actualization.
industrial-organizational psychologist
Abraham Maslow
fovea
internal validity
45. A negative condition is introduced to reduce a behavior.
Three phases of memory process
absolute threshold
Stockholm syndrome
negative punishment
46. Substance secreted by the anterior pituitary; controls size of an individual by promoting cell division - protein synthesis - and bone growth
Erik Erikson's
limbic system
growth hormone
Hermann Ebbinghaus
47. The aggregate (sum or assemblage of many separate units; sum total) of responses to internal and external stimuli.
behavior
Abraham Maslow
algorithm
Erik Erikson's
48. The study of the relationships among psychology - the nervous and endocrine systems - and the immune system.
biology
Psychoneuroimmunology or PNI
significant psychological research
growth hormone
49. It adopts a holistic approach to human existence through investigations of meaning - values - freedom - tragedy - personal responsibility - human potential - spirituality - and self-actualization
significant psychological research
humanistic
Erik Erikson's
Three phases of memory process
50. The extent to which data collected from a sample can be generalized to the entire population.
industrial-organizational psychologist
longitudinal study
biology
external validity