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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Intro To Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Stages of development - Stage 2 Will - Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt - Toddler stage / 1-3 years. Child needs to learn to explore the world. Bad if the parent is too smothering or completely neglectful.
2. Level 1 (Pre-Conventional) 1. Obedience and punishment orientation (How can I avoid punishment?) 2. Self-interest orientation (What's in it for me? Paying for a benefit.) - Level 2 (Conventional) 3. Interpersonal accord and conformity (Social norms -
naturalistic observation
mastery goals
Stages of Moral Development
acetylcholine
3. Any clinical approach to personality - as Freud's - that sees personality as the result of a dynamic interplay of conscious and unconscious factors.
significant psychological research
Hermann Ebbinghaus
psychodynamic
correlation
4. A theory of personality that emphasizes free will and human agency in directing personal behavior. the doctrine emphasizing a person's capacity for self-realization through reason
dependent variable
Humanism
acetylcholine
functionalism
5. A methodical - logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem
opponent-process theory
internal validity
algorithm
Stages of Moral Development
6. Founded by Hermann Ebbinghaus. displays retention of information and forgetting over time. conclusions to this were that most forgetting happens right after learning something. this was modified to that forgetting doesn't occur that quickly if the su
clinical psychologist
secondary reinforcer
forgetting curve
abreaction
7. Considered the Father of modern psychology; study of mental processes - introspection - and self-exam; established the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig - Germany
Erik Erikson's
Wilhelm Wundt
functionalism
deduction
8. Process in which cells become specialized in structure and function.
differentiation
John Locke
interaction
somatic nervous system
9. Anti adrenaline - affects neurons involved in increased heart rate and the slowing of intestinal activity during stress - and neurons involved in learning - memory - dreaming - waking from sleep - and emotion. increase arousal and boost mood-scarce d
ACTH
nonrepinephrine
John Locke
anthropology
10. Act on the immune system to suppress the body's response to infection or trauma. Relieve inflammation - reduce swelling - and suppress symptoms in acute conditions
corticosteriods
Lev Vygotsky
cognitive
accomodation
11. Study of the brain interested in the biological bases of human disorders such as Parkinson's and Huntington's. Neuroscience is a branch of research that is concerned with the underlying physical changes that accompany brain disorders
CAT scan
neuroscientist
experimental research
Humanism
12. Research in which the same people are restudied and retested over a long period
Erik Erikson
longitudinal study
Repression
psychodynamic
13. Portion posterior to the frontal lobe - responsible for sensations such as pain - temperature - and touch
parietal lobe
functionalism
semantic memory
sympathetic nervous system
14. The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied
clinical psychologist
independent variable
psychological science
concept
15. Stages of development - Stage 3 Purpose - Initiative vs. Guilt - Preschool / 3-6 years - Can the child plan or do things on his own - such as dress him or herself. If 'guilty' about making his or her own choices - the child will not function well. E
16. Three facets: intimacy - commitment - and passion.
17. A psychologist who uses psychological concepts to make the workplace a more satisfying environment for employees and managers
industrial-organizational psychologist
placebo effect
displacement
interaction
18. Created the 'hierarchy of needs -'--physiological needs - safety & security - love & belonging - self-esteem - self-actualization.
Abraham Maslow
Erik Erikson's
anthropology
humanistic
19. The scientific study of how we think about - influence - and relate to one another
social psychologist
external validity
growth hormone
Lawrence Kohlberg
20. Severe mental illness characterized by auditory hallucinations - paranoia and an inability to distinguish reality from fiction
interaction
industrial-organizational psychologist
shizophrenia
anonymity
21. The state of being anonymous
anonymity
anthropology
Anna Freud
oxytocin
22. Technique of field research - used in anthropology and sociology - by which an investigator (participant observer) studies the life of a group by sharing in its activities
participant observation
abreaction
etiology
clinical psychologist
23. Of or pertaining to the mental processes of perception - memory - judgment - and reasoning - as contrasted with emotional and volitional processes
cross-sectional study
catecholamines
cognitive
neurotransmitter
24. Part of the cerebral cortex; coordinates messages from other cerebral lobes; involved in complex problem-solving tasks - thinking - self-control - judgment - emotion regulation - personality affects - concentration - goal directed behavior; restructu
B.F. Skinner
parasympathetic nervous system
frontal lobe
reinforcer
25. Adrenaline; activates a sympathetic nervous system by making the heart beat faster - stopping digestion - enlarging pupils - sending sugar into the bloodstream - preparing a blood clot faster
neurotransmitter
naturalistic observation
epinephrine
absolute threshold
26. A therapist who deals with mental and emotional disorders
George Kelly
Lev Vygotsky
experimental research
clinical psychologist
27. Portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the back of the head; visual areas
Anna Freud
interaction
Sternberg's triangular view
occipital lobe
28. 1896-1934; russian developmental psychologist who emphasized the role of the social environment on cognitive development and proposed the idea of zones of proximal development. GUIDED PARTICIPATION - Children's interaction with knowledgeable adults o
internal validity
Lev Vygotsky
George Kelly
somatization
29. The 'little brain' attached to the rear of the brainstem; its functions include processing sensory input and coordinating movement output and balance
cerebellum
nonrepinephrine
frontal lobe
John Bowlby
30. One of the earliest psychologists in America who undertook a rigorous and structures approach to studying personality. He identified the idiographic and nomothetic views to personality.
dopamine
Gordon Allport
anthropology
hierarchy of needs
31. Accepted Freud's basic ideas - but doubted sex was all-consuming and gave more credit to consciousness and childhood
George Kelly
neofreudian
naturalistic observation
Stages of Moral Development
32. Maslow's pyramid of human needs - beginning at the base with physiological needs that must first be satisfied before higher-level safety needs and then psychological needs become active - Maslow's Theory of Motivation which states that we must achiev
correlation
industrial-organizational psychologist
hierarchy of needs
cognitive
33. English empiricist philosopher who believed that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience (1632-1704)
ACTH
significant psychological research
internal validity
John Locke
34. In psychoanalytic theory - the basic defense mechanism that banishes from consciousness anxiety-arousing thoughts - feelings - and memories
Repression
hierarchy of needs
fovea
differentiation
35. Natural - opiatelike neurotransmitters linked to pain control and to pleasure
corticosteriods
significant psychological research
fovea
endorphins
36. A study of an individual unit - as a person - family - or social group - usually emphasizing developmental issues and relationships with the environment - especially in order to compare a larger group to the individual unit.
case study
forgetting curve
Stages of Moral Development
information processing theory
37. Situation in which previously learned information hinders the recall of information learned more recently
proactive interference
Lev Vygotsky
participant observation
interaction
38. Goals framed in terms of increasing ones competence and skills
correlation
mastery goals
sympathetic nervous system
neurotransmitter
39. Behavioral approach - the attempt to relate overt (open to view or knowledge; not concealed or secret) responses to observable environmental stimuli (something that excites an organism or part to functional activity).
psychological science
secondary reinforcer
growth hormone
psychodynamic
40. A 'SNAPSHOT' of a phenomenon such as cancer rate. a number of variables affect one another in a single point in time.
catecholamines
cross-sectional study
industrial-organizational psychologist
psychological science
41. Theory states that the acquisitiion of new knowledge and behaviors is central to human development. Was a pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. he is famous fo
fovea
B.F. Skinner
functionalism
fixed ratio
42. The science or study of the origin - development - organization - and functioning of human society; the science of the fundamental laws of social relations - institutions - etc.
sociology
Erik Erikson's
longitudinal study
etiology
43. ENCODE - STORE - RETRIEVE
industrial-organizational psychologist
internal validity
reinforcer
Three phases of memory process
44. The outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of the independent variable
empirical evidence
Abraham Maslow
dependent variable
Jean Piaget
45. A schedule where reinforcement happens after a changing number of responses. Example gambling or sales
variable ratio
REM sleep
acetylcholine
cortisol
46. The first person to study memory scientifically and systematically; used nonsense syllables and recorded how many times he had to study a list to remember it well
participant observation
anthropology
Hermann Ebbinghaus
Three phases of memory process
47. Images are flashed to the left visual fields (therefore the right hemisphere) and individual cannot name object - but can locate it. Images are flashed to the right visual fields (therefore the left hemisphere) and individual can name object.
Humanism
frontal lobe
performance goals
split brain study
48. Founder of functionalism; studied how humans use perception to function in our environment; wrote first psychology textbook - The Principles of Psychology
Erik Erikson's
differentiation
avoidance-avoidance conflict
William James
49. Stages of development - Stage 1 Hope - Basic Trust vs. Mistrust - Infant stage / 0-1 year. Does the child believe its caregivers to be reliable?
50. A negative condition is introduced to reduce a behavior.
negative punishment
growth hormone
forgetting curve
hierarchy of needs