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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Intro To Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A hormone released by the pituitary gland of the brain during childbirth - breastfeeding - and intercourse - causing emotional bonding between persons in whom it is released
anonymity
oxytocin
Erik Erikson
negative punishment
2. Originating in or based on observation or experience
empirical evidence
parasympathetic nervous system
proactive interference
psychological science
3. Austrian neurologist who originated psychoanalysis (1856-1939); Said that human behavior is irrational; behavior is the outcome of conflict between the id (irrational unconscious driven by sexual - aggressive - and pleasure-seeking desires) and ego (
babinksi reflex
Hermann Ebbinghaus
cerebellum
Sigmund Freud
4. Any clinical approach to personality - as Freud's - that sees personality as the result of a dynamic interplay of conscious and unconscious factors.
significant psychological research
psychodynamic
dependent variable
endorphins
5. The adjustment of one's schemas to include newly observed events and experiences
accomodation
Erik Erikson's
Ivan Pavlov
Abraham Maslow
6. The central focal point in the retina - around which the eye's cones cluster
argument by evidence
fovea
Stages of Moral Development
Ivan Pavlov
7. Describes a schedule of reinforcement wherein a worker is paid for a certain sum for each product produced
significant psychological research
Erik Erikson's
fixed ratio
neofreudian
8. Of or pertaining to the mental processes of perception - memory - judgment - and reasoning - as contrasted with emotional and volitional processes
Erik Erikson's
Erik Erikson's
cognitive
variable ratio
9. Anti adrenaline - affects neurons involved in increased heart rate and the slowing of intestinal activity during stress - and neurons involved in learning - memory - dreaming - waking from sleep - and emotion. increase arousal and boost mood-scarce d
shizophrenia
retina
Humanism
nonrepinephrine
10. Stages of development - Stage 7 Caring - Generativity vs. Stagnation - early forties till mid sixties / starts as the Mid-life crisis. Measure accomplishments/failures. Am I satisfied or not? The need to assist the younger generation. Stagnation is
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11. Created the 'hierarchy of needs -'--physiological needs - safety & security - love & belonging - self-esteem - self-actualization.
Abraham Maslow
CAT scan
cross-sectional study
anonymity
12. The extent to which data collected from a sample can be generalized to the entire population.
external validity
negative punishment
Stages of Moral Development
semantic memory
13. An innately reinforcing stimulus - such as one that satisfies a biological need
fixed ratio
primary reinforcer
absolute threshold
Anna Freud
14. A measure of how well the variables of one test (could be personality) measure the same things as the variables of a similar test.
case study
criterion validity
George Kelly
internal validity
15. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation
growth hormone
carl jung
Erik Erikson's
Three phases of memory process
16. Situation in which previously learned information hinders the recall of information learned more recently
proactive interference
ACTH
altruism
Lawrence Kohlberg
17. The study of the relationships among psychology - the nervous and endocrine systems - and the immune system.
variable ratio
Psychoneuroimmunology or PNI
Gordon Allport
Lawrence Kohlberg
18. Helps the body process new information by adapting to old stimuli and making space for new ones
Sternberg's triangular view
opponent-process theory
sensory adaptation
reciprocal determinism
19. Founded by Hermann Ebbinghaus. displays retention of information and forgetting over time. conclusions to this were that most forgetting happens right after learning something. this was modified to that forgetting doesn't occur that quickly if the su
biology
significant psychological research
forgetting curve
Erik Erikson's
20. A doughnut-shaped system of neural structures at the border of the brainstem and cerebral hemispheres; associated with emotions such as fear and aggression and drives such as those for food and sex. Includes the hippocampus - amygdala - and hypothala
case study
limbic system
mastery goals
differentiation
21. Stages of development - Stage 8 Wisdom - Ego Integrity vs. Despair - old age / from mid sixties. Some handle death well. Some can be bitter - unhappy - and/or dissatisfied with what they have accomplished or failed to accomplish within their lifetim
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22. Adrenal glands secerets this to activate various organs that results in a phyiscal stress response
corticosteriods
catecholamines
concept
somatic nervous system
23. The appearance of things relative to one another as determined by their distance from the viewer
industrial-organizational psychologist
linear perspective
placebo effect
Erik Erikson's
24. A methodical - logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem
cortisol
fovea
empirical evidence
algorithm
25. A process by which repressed material - particularly a painful experience or conflict is brought back to consciousness - in this process the person not only recalls - but also relived the repressed material - which is accompained by the appropriate a
proactive interference
functional MRI
abreaction
Meyer Friedman
26. Stroke bottom of the foot up and across by the toes and the toes fan out
Stockholm syndrome
babinksi reflex
placebo effect
Lawrence Kohlberg
27. Research in which the same people are restudied and retested over a long period
variable ratio
longitudinal study
social psychologist
synaptic cleft
28. The division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body - conserving its energy.
parasympathetic nervous system
participant observation
synaptic cleft
mastery goals
29. A schedule where reinforcement happens after a changing number of responses. Example gambling or sales
Wilhelm Wundt
parasympathetic nervous system
retina
variable ratio
30. Act on the immune system to suppress the body's response to infection or trauma. Relieve inflammation - reduce swelling - and suppress symptoms in acute conditions
Lawrence Kohlberg
corticosteriods
oxytocin
Lev Vygotsky
31. It adopts a holistic approach to human existence through investigations of meaning - values - freedom - tragedy - personal responsibility - human potential - spirituality - and self-actualization
humanistic
Erik Erikson's
drive reduction
proactive interference
32. Maslow's pyramid of human needs - beginning at the base with physiological needs that must first be satisfied before higher-level safety needs and then psychological needs become active - Maslow's Theory of Motivation which states that we must achiev
fixed ratio
Piaget's theory of child cognitive development 4 stages
hierarchy of needs
etiology
33. Study of the brain interested in the biological bases of human disorders such as Parkinson's and Huntington's. Neuroscience is a branch of research that is concerned with the underlying physical changes that accompany brain disorders
oxytocin
neuroscientist
social psychologist
accomodation
34. Accepted Freud's basic ideas - but doubted sex was all-consuming and gave more credit to consciousness and childhood
oxytocin
Abraham Maslow
Erik Erikson's
neofreudian
35. Theory of child development included the Socratic method of questioning children by guiding them to reflect on their behavior. His emphasis on self-awareness and reflection has been adopted into school curricula and used to help students become criti
Jean Piaget
variable ratio
Erik Erikson
significant psychological research
36. A therapist who deals with mental and emotional disorders
clinical psychologist
cross-sectional study
psychodynamic
Psychoneuroimmunology or PNI
37. Simultaneous color contrast: an effect that occurs when surrounding an area with a color changes the appearence of the surrounded area. - the theory that opposing retinal processes (red-green - yellow-blue - white-black) enable color vision. For exam
Lev Vygotsky
Parietal lobe
central nervous system
opponent-process theory
38. The division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body's skeletal muscles. Also called the skeletal nervous system
somatic nervous system
Albert Bandura
internal validity
George Kelly
39. Researcher who pioneered the development of type A (high achieving - multi-taskers who are always very stressed and in a hurry.) and type B (easy going relaxed and not always in a hurry.) personality types based on how well they respond to the multip
secondary reinforcer
Meyer Friedman
concept
social psychologist
40. Created the Stages of Moral Development - relied for his studies on stories such as the Heinz dilemma - and was interested in how individuals would justify their actions if placed in similar moral dilemmas
dopamine
epinephrine
Lawrence Kohlberg
Albert Bandura
41. Theory states that the acquisitiion of new knowledge and behaviors is central to human development. Was a pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. he is famous fo
external validity
babinksi reflex
B.F. Skinner
psychodynamic
42. Founder of functionalism; studied how humans use perception to function in our environment; wrote first psychology textbook - The Principles of Psychology
William James
Erik Erikson's
case study
Erik Erikson's
43. The outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of the independent variable
abreaction
dependent variable
Three phases of memory process
semantic memory
44. The light-sensitive inner surface of the eye - containing the receptor rods and cones plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual information
linear perspective
somatization
retina
Stages of Moral Development
45. Pioneer in observational learning (AKA social learning) - stated that people profit from the mistakes/successes of others; Studies: Bobo Dolls-adults demonstrated 'appropriate' play with dolls - children mimicked play
dependent variable
Albert Bandura
babinksi reflex
sympathetic nervous system
46. Classical conditioning. trained a dog to respond to the sound of a bell by pairing it up with food.
Ivan Pavlov
somatic nervous system
longitudinal study
significant psychological research
47. Portion behind to the frontal lobe - responsible for sensations such as pain - temperature - and touch
frontal lobe
somatization
Ivan Pavlov
Parietal lobe
48. How the memory processes information - long term memory - short term memory - sensory information
information processing theory
psychoanalysis
neofreudian
semantic memory
49. The aggregate (sum or assemblage of many separate units; sum total) of responses to internal and external stimuli.
criterion validity
semantic memory
ACTH
behavior
50. Considered the Father of modern psychology; study of mental processes - introspection - and self-exam; established the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig - Germany
Wilhelm Wundt
Sternberg's triangular view
endorphins
Lawrence Kohlberg