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CLEP Intro To Psychology

Subjects : clep, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The part of declarative memory that stores general information such as names and facts.






2. Physiological needs drive an organism to act in either random or habitual ways






3. Findings that provide a multilayered - comprehensive understanding of human behavior. Ex. study of stress and human response has to be done from a biological - social and cognitive perspective.






4. A schedule where reinforcement happens after a changing number of responses. Example gambling or sales






5. Experimental results caused by expectations alone; any effect on behavior caused by the administration of an inert substance or condition - which is assumed to be an active agent






6. Technique of field research - used in anthropology and sociology - by which an investigator (participant observer) studies the life of a group by sharing in its activities






7. Goals framed in terms of increasing ones competence and skills






8. Anti adrenaline - affects neurons involved in increased heart rate and the slowing of intestinal activity during stress - and neurons involved in learning - memory - dreaming - waking from sleep - and emotion. increase arousal and boost mood-scarce d






9. A theory of personality that emphasizes free will and human agency in directing personal behavior. the doctrine emphasizing a person's capacity for self-realization through reason






10. Created the 'hierarchy of needs -'--physiological needs - safety & security - love & belonging - self-esteem - self-actualization.






11. Portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the back of the head; visual areas






12. Founded by Hermann Ebbinghaus. displays retention of information and forgetting over time. conclusions to this were that most forgetting happens right after learning something. this was modified to that forgetting doesn't occur that quickly if the su






13. The science or study of the origin - development - organization - and functioning of human society; the science of the fundamental laws of social relations - institutions - etc.






14. Substance secreted by the anterior pituitary; controls size of an individual by promoting cell division - protein synthesis - and bone growth






15. The outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of the independent variable






16. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation






17. Portion posterior to the frontal lobe - responsible for sensations such as pain - temperature - and touch






18. A neurotransmitter that enables learning and memory and also triggers muscle contraction. - lack of production is linked to Alzheimer's






19. (psychiatry) a defense mechanism that transfers affect or reaction from the original object to some more acceptable one






20. Abbreviation for computerized axial tomography - uses a computer and a rotating x-ray device to create detailed - cross-sectional images - or slices - of organs and body parts






21. A methodical - logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem






22. The aggregate (sum or assemblage of many separate units; sum total) of responses to internal and external stimuli.






23. Act on the immune system to suppress the body's response to infection or trauma. Relieve inflammation - reduce swelling - and suppress symptoms in acute conditions






24. The central focal point in the retina - around which the eye's cones cluster






25. A doughnut-shaped system of neural structures at the border of the brainstem and cerebral hemispheres; associated with emotions such as fear and aggression and drives such as those for food and sex. Includes the hippocampus - amygdala - and hypothala






26. A 'SNAPSHOT' of a phenomenon such as cancer rate. a number of variables affect one another in a single point in time.






27. Allows researchers to scan areas of the brain while a participant performs a physical or cognitive task






28. Simultaneous color contrast: an effect that occurs when surrounding an area with a color changes the appearence of the surrounded area. - the theory that opposing retinal processes (red-green - yellow-blue - white-black) enable color vision. For exam






29. Secreted from the adrenal cortex - aids the body during stress by increasing glucose levels






30. Level 1 (Pre-Conventional) 1. Obedience and punishment orientation (How can I avoid punishment?) 2. Self-interest orientation (What's in it for me? Paying for a benefit.) - Level 2 (Conventional) 3. Interpersonal accord and conformity (Social norms -






31. Portion behind to the frontal lobe - responsible for sensations such as pain - temperature - and touch






32. A microscopic gap between the terminal button of one neuron and the cell membrane of another neuron






33. The 'little brain' attached to the rear of the brainstem; its functions include processing sensory input and coordinating movement output and balance






34. Images are flashed to the left visual fields (therefore the right hemisphere) and individual cannot name object - but can locate it. Images are flashed to the right visual fields (therefore the left hemisphere) and individual can name object.






35. Stages of development - Stage 7 Caring - Generativity vs. Stagnation - early forties till mid sixties / starts as the Mid-life crisis. Measure accomplishments/failures. Am I satisfied or not? The need to assist the younger generation. Stagnation is

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36. Adrenal glands secerets this to activate various organs that results in a phyiscal stress response






37. Theory set forth by psychologist Albert Bandura that a person's behavior both influences and is influenced by personal factors and the social environment






38. The cause of a disease






39. The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied






40. Study of the brain interested in the biological bases of human disorders such as Parkinson's and Huntington's. Neuroscience is a branch of research that is concerned with the underlying physical changes that accompany brain disorders






41. The extent to which data collected from a sample can be generalized to the entire population.






42. The division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body - conserving its energy.






43. Severe mental illness characterized by auditory hallucinations - paranoia and an inability to distinguish reality from fiction






44. (1821-1894) Emphasized a mechanistic and deterministic approach - assuming human sense organs functioned like machines - Neural Impulse: studied reaction times for sensory nerves in humans - demonstrated that speed of conduction was not instantaneous






45. Stages of development - Stage 2 Will - Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt - Toddler stage / 1-3 years. Child needs to learn to explore the world. Bad if the parent is too smothering or completely neglectful.

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46. How the memory processes information - long term memory - short term memory - sensory information






47. A therapist who deals with mental and emotional disorders






48. Describes a schedule of reinforcement wherein a worker is paid for a certain sum for each product produced






49. Maslow's pyramid of human needs - beginning at the base with physiological needs that must first be satisfied before higher-level safety needs and then psychological needs become active - Maslow's Theory of Motivation which states that we must achiev






50. Personal Construct Psychology. investigative technique - which would remove the influence of the observer's frame of reference on what was observed. he believed (personal construct theory) our personality consists of our thoughts about ourselves - in