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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Intro To Psychology
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Subjects
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clep
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body - mobilizing its energy in stressful situations. Also called a fight or flight response.
sympathetic nervous system
occipital lobe
industrial-organizational psychologist
acetylcholine
2. Findings that provide a multilayered - comprehensive understanding of human behavior. Ex. study of stress and human response has to be done from a biological - social and cognitive perspective.
REM sleep
significant psychological research
growth hormone
Erik Erikson's
3. Founder of functionalism; studied how humans use perception to function in our environment; wrote first psychology textbook - The Principles of Psychology
cortisol
semantic memory
William James
information processing theory
4. A negative condition is introduced to reduce a behavior.
negative punishment
cross-sectional study
interaction
Humanism
5. Originating in or based on observation or experience
experimental psychologist
accomodation
altruism
empirical evidence
6. Stages of development - Stage 2 Will - Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt - Toddler stage / 1-3 years. Child needs to learn to explore the world. Bad if the parent is too smothering or completely neglectful.
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7. Images are flashed to the left visual fields (therefore the right hemisphere) and individual cannot name object - but can locate it. Images are flashed to the right visual fields (therefore the left hemisphere) and individual can name object.
Erik Erikson's
split brain study
Hermann Ebbinghaus
functional MRI
8. A methodical - logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem
acetylcholine
interaction
algorithm
case study
9. The study of the relationships among psychology - the nervous and endocrine systems - and the immune system.
cortisol
split brain study
Psychoneuroimmunology or PNI
limbic system
10. Substance secreted by the anterior pituitary; controls size of an individual by promoting cell division - protein synthesis - and bone growth
behavior
criterion validity
growth hormone
Stages of Moral Development
11. Allows researchers to scan areas of the brain while a participant performs a physical or cognitive task
interaction
functional MRI
naturalistic observation
dopamine
12. The state of being anonymous
central nervous system
shizophrenia
anonymity
semantic memory
13. Portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the back of the head; visual areas
fixed ratio
occipital lobe
Erik Erikson's
parasympathetic nervous system
14. It is a collection of research designs which use manipulation and controlled testing to understand causal processes. Generally - one or more variables are manipulated to determine their effect on a dependent variable
Erik Erikson's
experimental research
opponent-process theory
Ivan Pavlov
15. The process through which the body absorbs social stress and manifests symptoms of suffering; also called embodiment
cross-sectional study
growth hormone
somatization
retina
16. Inferences are said to possess internal validity if a causal relation between two variables is properly demonstrated.
functional MRI
Anna Freud
psychological science
internal validity
17. A microscopic gap between the terminal button of one neuron and the cell membrane of another neuron
Erik Erikson
Repression
synaptic cleft
Erik Erikson's
18. Observing subjects in their natural environment with no attempts at intervention on the part of the researcher.
industrial-organizational psychologist
naturalistic observation
correlation
Abraham Maslow
19. Created the Stages of Moral Development - relied for his studies on stories such as the Heinz dilemma - and was interested in how individuals would justify their actions if placed in similar moral dilemmas
Abraham Maslow
Lawrence Kohlberg
naturalistic observation
empirical evidence
20. Simultaneous color contrast: an effect that occurs when surrounding an area with a color changes the appearence of the surrounded area. - the theory that opposing retinal processes (red-green - yellow-blue - white-black) enable color vision. For exam
opponent-process theory
cognitive
split brain study
absolute threshold
21. The part of declarative memory that stores general information such as names and facts.
split brain study
semantic memory
Sigmund Freud
retina
22. Stages of development - Stage 1 Hope - Basic Trust vs. Mistrust - Infant stage / 0-1 year. Does the child believe its caregivers to be reliable?
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23. Theory states that the acquisitiion of new knowledge and behaviors is central to human development. Was a pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. he is famous fo
B.F. Skinner
Ivan Pavlov
displacement
reciprocal determinism
24. (psychology) a stimulus that strengthens or weakens the behavior that produced it
reinforcer
naturalistic observation
synaptic cleft
drive reduction
25. A neurotransmitter that enables learning and memory and also triggers muscle contraction. - lack of production is linked to Alzheimer's
Repression
acetylcholine
cortisol
proactive interference
26. Accepted Freud's basic ideas - but doubted sex was all-consuming and gave more credit to consciousness and childhood
concept
neofreudian
Lawrence Kohlberg
retina
27. 1896-1934; russian developmental psychologist who emphasized the role of the social environment on cognitive development and proposed the idea of zones of proximal development. GUIDED PARTICIPATION - Children's interaction with knowledgeable adults o
Lev Vygotsky
interaction
Repression
cortisol
28. The portion of the vertebrate nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord that perceives - gathers - interprets - and records incoming sensory information and also sends out communication destined for muscles - glands and internal organs s
empirical evidence
central nervous system
Hermann von Helmholtz
primary reinforcer
29. Goals framed in terms of increasing ones competence and skills
Erik Erikson's
mastery goals
altruism
reciprocal determinism
30. Study of the brain interested in the biological bases of human disorders such as Parkinson's and Huntington's. Neuroscience is a branch of research that is concerned with the underlying physical changes that accompany brain disorders
neuroscientist
mastery goals
Wilhelm Wundt
Jean Piaget
31. Neurotransmitter that influences voluntary movement - attention - alertness; lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson's disease; too much is linked with schizophrenia
internal validity
linear perspective
dopamine
psychodynamic
32. Present evidence to support your claims
Erik Erikson's
industrial-organizational psychologist
argument by evidence
catecholamines
33. Situation in which previously learned information hinders the recall of information learned more recently
case study
functional MRI
performance goals
proactive interference
34. Natural - opiatelike neurotransmitters linked to pain control and to pleasure
limbic system
parietal lobe
information processing theory
endorphins
35. Sensorimotor - birth to language - Preoperational - 2-7 - Concrete Operational - 7 - 11 - Formal Operational 11 - Adult Abstract Thoughts
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36. Founded by Hermann Ebbinghaus. displays retention of information and forgetting over time. conclusions to this were that most forgetting happens right after learning something. this was modified to that forgetting doesn't occur that quickly if the su
oxytocin
avoidance-avoidance conflict
etiology
forgetting curve
37. Portion posterior to the frontal lobe - responsible for sensations such as pain - temperature - and touch
parietal lobe
neuroscientist
Abraham Maslow
shizophrenia
38. Adrenocorticotropic hormone - produced by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the adrenal cortex regulates the production of cortisol(steriod hormone) from anterior pituitary
CAT scan
cross-sectional study
sociology
ACTH
39. Portion behind to the frontal lobe - responsible for sensations such as pain - temperature - and touch
neuroscientist
Parietal lobe
Stages of Moral Development
variable ratio
40. Stroke bottom of the foot up and across by the toes and the toes fan out
deduction
babinksi reflex
Wilhelm Wundt
secondary reinforcer
41. Stages of development - Stage 6 Love (in intimate relationships - work and family) - Intimacy vs. Isolation - Young adult / mid twenties till early forties. Who do I want to be with or date - what am I going to do with my life? Will I settle down?
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42. The science that deals with the origins - physical and cultural development - biological characteristics - and social customs and beliefs of humankind.
Stages of Moral Development
Gordon Allport
functional MRI
anthropology
43. Of or pertaining to the mental processes of perception - memory - judgment - and reasoning - as contrasted with emotional and volitional processes
cognitive
Stages of Moral Development
dependent variable
concept
44. Research in which the same people are restudied and retested over a long period
catecholamines
psychoanalysis
longitudinal study
placebo effect
45. Reciprocal action - effect - or influence.
experimental psychologist
functionalism
Gordon Allport
interaction
46. Process in which cells become specialized in structure and function.
algorithm
retina
information processing theory
differentiation
47. The division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body - conserving its energy.
behavior
parasympathetic nervous system
introspection
Erik Erikson's
48. A study of an individual unit - as a person - family - or social group - usually emphasizing developmental issues and relationships with the environment - especially in order to compare a larger group to the individual unit.
sympathetic nervous system
case study
cortisol
Erik Erikson's
49. Technique of field research - used in anthropology and sociology - by which an investigator (participant observer) studies the life of a group by sharing in its activities
case study
somatization
participant observation
cross-sectional study
50. The first person to study memory scientifically and systematically; used nonsense syllables and recorded how many times he had to study a list to remember it well
external validity
empirical evidence
behavior
Hermann Ebbinghaus
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