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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Intro To Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The science that deals with the origins - physical and cultural development - biological characteristics - and social customs and beliefs of humankind.
cognitive
Abraham Maslow
longitudinal study
anthropology
2. Experimental results caused by expectations alone; any effect on behavior caused by the administration of an inert substance or condition - which is assumed to be an active agent
placebo effect
neuroscientist
altruism
carl jung
3. Act on the immune system to suppress the body's response to infection or trauma. Relieve inflammation - reduce swelling - and suppress symptoms in acute conditions
corticosteriods
catecholamines
endorphins
secondary reinforcer
4. Theory set forth by psychologist Albert Bandura that a person's behavior both influences and is influenced by personal factors and the social environment
epinephrine
Psychoneuroimmunology or PNI
carl jung
reciprocal determinism
5. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation
carl jung
Three phases of memory process
clinical psychologist
internal validity
6. The 'little brain' attached to the rear of the brainstem; its functions include processing sensory input and coordinating movement output and balance
cerebellum
psychoanalysis
functionalism
semantic memory
7. (1821-1894) Emphasized a mechanistic and deterministic approach - assuming human sense organs functioned like machines - Neural Impulse: studied reaction times for sensory nerves in humans - demonstrated that speed of conduction was not instantaneous
Erik Erikson's
psychological science
reciprocal determinism
Hermann von Helmholtz
8. Neurotransmitter that influences voluntary movement - attention - alertness; lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson's disease; too much is linked with schizophrenia
neurotransmitter
dopamine
REM sleep
Erik Erikson's
9. A measure of how well the variables of one test (could be personality) measure the same things as the variables of a similar test.
criterion validity
Parietal lobe
Lev Vygotsky
psychodynamic
10. Anti adrenaline - affects neurons involved in increased heart rate and the slowing of intestinal activity during stress - and neurons involved in learning - memory - dreaming - waking from sleep - and emotion. increase arousal and boost mood-scarce d
REM sleep
external validity
nonrepinephrine
Erik Erikson's
11. Physiological needs drive an organism to act in either random or habitual ways
drive reduction
Meyer Friedman
Ivan Pavlov
John Bowlby
12. Personal Construct Psychology. investigative technique - which would remove the influence of the observer's frame of reference on what was observed. he believed (personal construct theory) our personality consists of our thoughts about ourselves - in
George Kelly
drive reduction
sociology
Erik Erikson's
13. Severe mental illness characterized by auditory hallucinations - paranoia and an inability to distinguish reality from fiction
cognitive
reciprocal determinism
experimental research
shizophrenia
14. An innately reinforcing stimulus - such as one that satisfies a biological need
central nervous system
primary reinforcer
REM sleep
split brain study
15. Part of the cerebral cortex; coordinates messages from other cerebral lobes; involved in complex problem-solving tasks - thinking - self-control - judgment - emotion regulation - personality affects - concentration - goal directed behavior; restructu
John Bowlby
significant psychological research
frontal lobe
anthropology
16. Stroke bottom of the foot up and across by the toes and the toes fan out
babinksi reflex
Erik Erikson's
concept
Erik Erikson
17. Freud's theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts; the techniques used in treating psychological disorders by seeking to expose and interpret unconscious tensions
psychoanalysis
frontal lobe
Psychoneuroimmunology or PNI
psychological science
18. Neo-Freudian - humanistic; 8 psychosocial stages of development: theory shows how people evolve through the life span. Each stage is marked by a psychological crisis that involves confronting 'Who am I?'
cross-sectional study
algorithm
babinksi reflex
Erik Erikson
19. The study of the relationships among psychology - the nervous and endocrine systems - and the immune system.
significant psychological research
Humanism
Psychoneuroimmunology or PNI
psychological science
20. The first person to study memory scientifically and systematically; used nonsense syllables and recorded how many times he had to study a list to remember it well
negative punishment
empirical evidence
limbic system
Hermann Ebbinghaus
21. Maslow's pyramid of human needs - beginning at the base with physiological needs that must first be satisfied before higher-level safety needs and then psychological needs become active - Maslow's Theory of Motivation which states that we must achiev
clinical psychologist
hierarchy of needs
Wilhelm Wundt
absolute threshold
22. Stages of development - Stage 6 Love (in intimate relationships - work and family) - Intimacy vs. Isolation - Young adult / mid twenties till early forties. Who do I want to be with or date - what am I going to do with my life? Will I settle down?
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23. Technique of field research - used in anthropology and sociology - by which an investigator (participant observer) studies the life of a group by sharing in its activities
Humanism
participant observation
Erik Erikson's
oxytocin
24. (psychiatry) a defense mechanism that transfers affect or reaction from the original object to some more acceptable one
Erik Erikson's
concept
corticosteriods
displacement
25. The adjustment of one's schemas to include newly observed events and experiences
accomodation
epinephrine
Erik Erikson's
neurotransmitter
26. The appearance of things relative to one another as determined by their distance from the viewer
performance goals
Humanism
accomodation
linear perspective
27. (psychology) a stimulus that strengthens or weakens the behavior that produced it
Sigmund Freud
Psychoneuroimmunology or PNI
reinforcer
REM sleep
28. A systematic method of deriving conclusions that cannot be false when the premises are true - esp one amenable to formalization and study by the science of logic
deduction
naturalistic observation
neurotransmitter
altruism
29. Images are flashed to the left visual fields (therefore the right hemisphere) and individual cannot name object - but can locate it. Images are flashed to the right visual fields (therefore the left hemisphere) and individual can name object.
somatic nervous system
Jean Piaget
placebo effect
split brain study
30. Stages of development - Stage 8 Wisdom - Ego Integrity vs. Despair - old age / from mid sixties. Some handle death well. Some can be bitter - unhappy - and/or dissatisfied with what they have accomplished or failed to accomplish within their lifetim
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31. Inferences are said to possess internal validity if a causal relation between two variables is properly demonstrated.
internal validity
CAT scan
experimental psychologist
oxytocin
32. Stages of development - Stage 2 Will - Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt - Toddler stage / 1-3 years. Child needs to learn to explore the world. Bad if the parent is too smothering or completely neglectful.
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33. The division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body - conserving its energy.
parasympathetic nervous system
independent variable
Erik Erikson's
reciprocal determinism
34. Substance secreted by the anterior pituitary; controls size of an individual by promoting cell division - protein synthesis - and bone growth
growth hormone
abreaction
Three phases of memory process
neuroscientist
35. A hormone released by the pituitary gland of the brain during childbirth - breastfeeding - and intercourse - causing emotional bonding between persons in whom it is released
CAT scan
clinical psychologist
opponent-process theory
oxytocin
36. Rapid low-amplitude waves. less prevalent in adults
limbic system
epinephrine
REM sleep
Lawrence Kohlberg
37. Observing subjects in their natural environment with no attempts at intervention on the part of the researcher.
naturalistic observation
negative punishment
sociology
Erik Erikson's
38. Portion posterior to the frontal lobe - responsible for sensations such as pain - temperature - and touch
parietal lobe
cortisol
participant observation
growth hormone
39. The division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body - mobilizing its energy in stressful situations. Also called a fight or flight response.
acetylcholine
sympathetic nervous system
accomodation
displacement
40. The outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of the independent variable
dependent variable
carl jung
avoidance-avoidance conflict
corticosteriods
41. Originating in or based on observation or experience
empirical evidence
neofreudian
linear perspective
dopamine
42. Stages of development - Stage 3 Purpose - Initiative vs. Guilt - Preschool / 3-6 years - Can the child plan or do things on his own - such as dress him or herself. If 'guilty' about making his or her own choices - the child will not function well. E
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43. Of or pertaining to the mental processes of perception - memory - judgment - and reasoning - as contrasted with emotional and volitional processes
Jean Piaget
displacement
cognitive
cerebellum
44. Any reinforcer that becomes reinforcing after being paired with a primary reinforcer - such as praise - tokens - or gold stars
ACTH
abreaction
secondary reinforcer
criterion validity
45. The division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body's skeletal muscles. Also called the skeletal nervous system
concept
Lawrence Kohlberg
somatic nervous system
absolute threshold
46. Stages of development - Stage 7 Caring - Generativity vs. Stagnation - early forties till mid sixties / starts as the Mid-life crisis. Measure accomplishments/failures. Am I satisfied or not? The need to assist the younger generation. Stagnation is
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47. The light-sensitive inner surface of the eye - containing the receptor rods and cones plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual information
primary reinforcer
neofreudian
retina
case study
48. Process in which cells become specialized in structure and function.
cognitive
Albert Bandura
differentiation
Meyer Friedman
49. A mutual or reciprocal relationship between two or more things
retina
Three phases of memory process
acetylcholine
correlation
50. Study of the brain interested in the biological bases of human disorders such as Parkinson's and Huntington's. Neuroscience is a branch of research that is concerned with the underlying physical changes that accompany brain disorders
psychoanalysis
participant observation
growth hormone
neuroscientist