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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Intro To Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body - mobilizing its energy in stressful situations. Also called a fight or flight response.
growth hormone
Piaget's theory of child cognitive development 4 stages
sensory adaptation
sympathetic nervous system
2. The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied
independent variable
reinforcer
Hermann von Helmholtz
forgetting curve
3. The aggregate (sum or assemblage of many separate units; sum total) of responses to internal and external stimuli.
Albert Bandura
Ivan Pavlov
behavior
REM sleep
4. The science that deals with the origins - physical and cultural development - biological characteristics - and social customs and beliefs of humankind.
anthropology
Erik Erikson
cross-sectional study
Erik Erikson's
5. Researcher who pioneered the development of type A (high achieving - multi-taskers who are always very stressed and in a hurry.) and type B (easy going relaxed and not always in a hurry.) personality types based on how well they respond to the multip
Meyer Friedman
cognitive
Erik Erikson's
sensory adaptation
6. Any of several chemical substances - as epinephrine or acetylcholine - that transmit nerve impulses across a synapse to a postsynaptic element - as another nerve - muscle - or gland.
Wilhelm Wundt
Humanism
acetylcholine
neurotransmitter
7. Attachment theory -
John Bowlby
Hermann von Helmholtz
sensory adaptation
retina
8. Theory set forth by psychologist Albert Bandura that a person's behavior both influences and is influenced by personal factors and the social environment
reciprocal determinism
reinforcer
John Locke
case study
9. The outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of the independent variable
dependent variable
John Locke
Erik Erikson's
empirical evidence
10. Any reinforcer that becomes reinforcing after being paired with a primary reinforcer - such as praise - tokens - or gold stars
secondary reinforcer
Erik Erikson's
Gordon Allport
experimental psychologist
11. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation
displacement
synaptic cleft
differentiation
carl jung
12. The quality of unselfish concern for the welfare of others
altruism
Humanism
somatic nervous system
growth hormone
13. In psychoanalytic theory - the basic defense mechanism that banishes from consciousness anxiety-arousing thoughts - feelings - and memories
babinksi reflex
carl jung
epinephrine
Repression
14. Part of the cerebral cortex; coordinates messages from other cerebral lobes; involved in complex problem-solving tasks - thinking - self-control - judgment - emotion regulation - personality affects - concentration - goal directed behavior; restructu
Erik Erikson's
Humanism
split brain study
frontal lobe
15. Neo-Freudian - humanistic; 8 psychosocial stages of development: theory shows how people evolve through the life span. Each stage is marked by a psychological crisis that involves confronting 'Who am I?'
fixed ratio
reinforcer
Erik Erikson's
Erik Erikson
16. State whereby a victim forms an emotional attachment to their captors.
carl jung
Humanism
Stockholm syndrome
opponent-process theory
17. The scientific study of how we think about - influence - and relate to one another
Piaget's theory of child cognitive development 4 stages
social psychologist
Hermann Ebbinghaus
nonrepinephrine
18. The division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body - conserving its energy.
Ivan Pavlov
sympathetic nervous system
parasympathetic nervous system
cortisol
19. The science of life or living matter in all its forms and phenomena - especially with reference to origin - growth - reproduction - structure - and behavior.
biology
algorithm
Parietal lobe
hierarchy of needs
20. An innately reinforcing stimulus - such as one that satisfies a biological need
Erik Erikson
primary reinforcer
algorithm
central nervous system
21. A mutual or reciprocal relationship between two or more things
correlation
epinephrine
occipital lobe
external validity
22. Observing subjects in their natural environment with no attempts at intervention on the part of the researcher.
naturalistic observation
information processing theory
anonymity
somatization
23. Adrenaline; activates a sympathetic nervous system by making the heart beat faster - stopping digestion - enlarging pupils - sending sugar into the bloodstream - preparing a blood clot faster
Erik Erikson's
epinephrine
criterion validity
Stockholm syndrome
24. A study of an individual unit - as a person - family - or social group - usually emphasizing developmental issues and relationships with the environment - especially in order to compare a larger group to the individual unit.
case study
reciprocal determinism
Repression
psychodynamic
25. Allows researchers to scan areas of the brain while a participant performs a physical or cognitive task
Wilhelm Wundt
functional MRI
cognitive
abreaction
26. Images are flashed to the left visual fields (therefore the right hemisphere) and individual cannot name object - but can locate it. Images are flashed to the right visual fields (therefore the left hemisphere) and individual can name object.
abreaction
split brain study
Gordon Allport
somatic nervous system
27. Adrenocorticotropic hormone - produced by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the adrenal cortex regulates the production of cortisol(steriod hormone) from anterior pituitary
Psychoneuroimmunology or PNI
cross-sectional study
somatization
ACTH
28. Portion behind to the frontal lobe - responsible for sensations such as pain - temperature - and touch
Sigmund Freud
Psychoneuroimmunology or PNI
negative punishment
Parietal lobe
29. It is a collection of research designs which use manipulation and controlled testing to understand causal processes. Generally - one or more variables are manipulated to determine their effect on a dependent variable
Erik Erikson's
CAT scan
experimental research
parasympathetic nervous system
30. Any clinical approach to personality - as Freud's - that sees personality as the result of a dynamic interplay of conscious and unconscious factors.
psychodynamic
functionalism
experimental psychologist
Lev Vygotsky
31. The cause of a disease
sympathetic nervous system
mastery goals
Stages of Moral Development
etiology
32. A theory of personality that emphasizes free will and human agency in directing personal behavior. the doctrine emphasizing a person's capacity for self-realization through reason
Humanism
retina
cross-sectional study
mastery goals
33. Research in which the same people are restudied and retested over a long period
psychoanalysis
argument by evidence
Erik Erikson's
longitudinal study
34. Stages of development - Stage 4 Competence - Industry vs. Inferiority - School-age / 6-11. Child comparing self worth to others (such as in a classroom environment). Child can recognize major disparities in personal abilities relative to other chil
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35. The first person to study memory scientifically and systematically; used nonsense syllables and recorded how many times he had to study a list to remember it well
Hermann Ebbinghaus
external validity
oxytocin
Anna Freud
36. Reciprocal action - effect - or influence.
fixed ratio
interaction
Erik Erikson's
shizophrenia
37. Describes a schedule of reinforcement wherein a worker is paid for a certain sum for each product produced
catecholamines
dopamine
fixed ratio
fovea
38. Natural - opiatelike neurotransmitters linked to pain control and to pleasure
Erik Erikson's
endorphins
opponent-process theory
Erik Erikson's
39. A school of psychology that focused on how mental and behavioral processes function - how they enable the organism to adapt - survive - and flourish.
correlation
argument by evidence
George Kelly
functionalism
40. The science or study of the origin - development - organization - and functioning of human society; the science of the fundamental laws of social relations - institutions - etc.
Hermann Ebbinghaus
sociology
placebo effect
mastery goals
41. Stages of development - Stage 2 Will - Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt - Toddler stage / 1-3 years. Child needs to learn to explore the world. Bad if the parent is too smothering or completely neglectful.
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42. Rapid low-amplitude waves. less prevalent in adults
REM sleep
experimental psychologist
endorphins
occipital lobe
43. A methodical - logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem
algorithm
acetylcholine
opponent-process theory
ACTH
44. Technique of field research - used in anthropology and sociology - by which an investigator (participant observer) studies the life of a group by sharing in its activities
babinksi reflex
somatization
criterion validity
participant observation
45. Focused on child psychoanalysis - fully developed defense mechanisms - emphasized importance of the ego and its constant struggle
Anna Freud
performance goals
Erik Erikson's
reinforcer
46. Study of the brain interested in the biological bases of human disorders such as Parkinson's and Huntington's. Neuroscience is a branch of research that is concerned with the underlying physical changes that accompany brain disorders
Repression
naturalistic observation
neuroscientist
clinical psychologist
47. Behavioral approach - the attempt to relate overt (open to view or knowledge; not concealed or secret) responses to observable environmental stimuli (something that excites an organism or part to functional activity).
avoidance-avoidance conflict
carl jung
psychological science
correlation
48. Secreted from the adrenal cortex - aids the body during stress by increasing glucose levels
cortisol
cerebellum
deduction
information processing theory
49. Stages of development - Stage 5 Fidelity - Identity vs. Role Confusion - Adolescent / 12 years till mid twenties. Questioning of self. Who am I - how do I fit in? Where am I going in life? Erikson believes that if the parents allow the child to exp
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50. Created the 'hierarchy of needs -'--physiological needs - safety & security - love & belonging - self-esteem - self-actualization.
Abraham Maslow
humanistic
dependent variable
information processing theory