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CLEP Intro To Psychology

Subjects : clep, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Theory of child development included the Socratic method of questioning children by guiding them to reflect on their behavior. His emphasis on self-awareness and reflection has been adopted into school curricula and used to help students become criti






2. An innately reinforcing stimulus - such as one that satisfies a biological need






3. Research in which the same people are restudied and retested over a long period






4. A negative condition is introduced to reduce a behavior.






5. Describes a schedule of reinforcement wherein a worker is paid for a certain sum for each product produced






6. The first person to study memory scientifically and systematically; used nonsense syllables and recorded how many times he had to study a list to remember it well






7. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation






8. The state of being anonymous






9. One of the earliest psychologists in America who undertook a rigorous and structures approach to studying personality. He identified the idiographic and nomothetic views to personality.






10. The division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body - conserving its energy.






11. Austrian neurologist who originated psychoanalysis (1856-1939); Said that human behavior is irrational; behavior is the outcome of conflict between the id (irrational unconscious driven by sexual - aggressive - and pleasure-seeking desires) and ego (






12. Created the Stages of Moral Development - relied for his studies on stories such as the Heinz dilemma - and was interested in how individuals would justify their actions if placed in similar moral dilemmas






13. Any clinical approach to personality - as Freud's - that sees personality as the result of a dynamic interplay of conscious and unconscious factors.






14. The part of declarative memory that stores general information such as names and facts.






15. In psychoanalytic theory - the basic defense mechanism that banishes from consciousness anxiety-arousing thoughts - feelings - and memories






16. (psychiatry) a defense mechanism that transfers affect or reaction from the original object to some more acceptable one






17. The 'little brain' attached to the rear of the brainstem; its functions include processing sensory input and coordinating movement output and balance






18. Stages of development - Stage 8 Wisdom - Ego Integrity vs. Despair - old age / from mid sixties. Some handle death well. Some can be bitter - unhappy - and/or dissatisfied with what they have accomplished or failed to accomplish within their lifetim

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19. A methodical - logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem






20. Maslow's pyramid of human needs - beginning at the base with physiological needs that must first be satisfied before higher-level safety needs and then psychological needs become active - Maslow's Theory of Motivation which states that we must achiev






21. Portion posterior to the frontal lobe - responsible for sensations such as pain - temperature - and touch






22. Pioneer in observational learning (AKA social learning) - stated that people profit from the mistakes/successes of others; Studies: Bobo Dolls-adults demonstrated 'appropriate' play with dolls - children mimicked play






23. Portion behind to the frontal lobe - responsible for sensations such as pain - temperature - and touch






24. The appearance of things relative to one another as determined by their distance from the viewer






25. Stages of development - Stage 4 Competence - Industry vs. Inferiority - School-age / 6-11. Child comparing self worth to others (such as in a classroom environment). Child can recognize major disparities in personal abilities relative to other chil

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26. (psychology) a stimulus that strengthens or weakens the behavior that produced it






27. A school of psychology that focused on how mental and behavioral processes function - how they enable the organism to adapt - survive - and flourish.






28. The quality of unselfish concern for the welfare of others






29. The division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body's skeletal muscles. Also called the skeletal nervous system






30. A measure of how well the variables of one test (could be personality) measure the same things as the variables of a similar test.






31. Images are flashed to the left visual fields (therefore the right hemisphere) and individual cannot name object - but can locate it. Images are flashed to the right visual fields (therefore the left hemisphere) and individual can name object.






32. Founded by Hermann Ebbinghaus. displays retention of information and forgetting over time. conclusions to this were that most forgetting happens right after learning something. this was modified to that forgetting doesn't occur that quickly if the su






33. Level 1 (Pre-Conventional) 1. Obedience and punishment orientation (How can I avoid punishment?) 2. Self-interest orientation (What's in it for me? Paying for a benefit.) - Level 2 (Conventional) 3. Interpersonal accord and conformity (Social norms -






34. Founder of functionalism; studied how humans use perception to function in our environment; wrote first psychology textbook - The Principles of Psychology






35. Observation or examination of one's own mental and emotional state - mental processes - etc.; the act of looking within oneself.






36. A 'SNAPSHOT' of a phenomenon such as cancer rate. a number of variables affect one another in a single point in time.






37. Process in which cells become specialized in structure and function.






38. The science of life or living matter in all its forms and phenomena - especially with reference to origin - growth - reproduction - structure - and behavior.






39. It adopts a holistic approach to human existence through investigations of meaning - values - freedom - tragedy - personal responsibility - human potential - spirituality - and self-actualization






40. Mental categories that help our brains group objects that have common properties.






41. Stages of development - Stage 1 Hope - Basic Trust vs. Mistrust - Infant stage / 0-1 year. Does the child believe its caregivers to be reliable?

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42. Reciprocal action - effect - or influence.






43. Allows researchers to scan areas of the brain while a participant performs a physical or cognitive task






44. A microscopic gap between the terminal button of one neuron and the cell membrane of another neuron






45. A psychologist who studies sensation - perception - learning - motivation - and emotion in carefully controlled laboratory conditions






46. Theory set forth by psychologist Albert Bandura that a person's behavior both influences and is influenced by personal factors and the social environment






47. Created the 'hierarchy of needs -'--physiological needs - safety & security - love & belonging - self-esteem - self-actualization.






48. Behavioral approach - the attempt to relate overt (open to view or knowledge; not concealed or secret) responses to observable environmental stimuli (something that excites an organism or part to functional activity).






49. The division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body - mobilizing its energy in stressful situations. Also called a fight or flight response.






50. Part of the cerebral cortex; coordinates messages from other cerebral lobes; involved in complex problem-solving tasks - thinking - self-control - judgment - emotion regulation - personality affects - concentration - goal directed behavior; restructu