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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Intro To Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A methodical - logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem
limbic system
information processing theory
algorithm
Abraham Maslow
2. A doughnut-shaped system of neural structures at the border of the brainstem and cerebral hemispheres; associated with emotions such as fear and aggression and drives such as those for food and sex. Includes the hippocampus - amygdala - and hypothala
CAT scan
limbic system
forgetting curve
dependent variable
3. Portion behind to the frontal lobe - responsible for sensations such as pain - temperature - and touch
Parietal lobe
babinksi reflex
epinephrine
functionalism
4. Founded by Hermann Ebbinghaus. displays retention of information and forgetting over time. conclusions to this were that most forgetting happens right after learning something. this was modified to that forgetting doesn't occur that quickly if the su
corticosteriods
forgetting curve
differentiation
Hermann von Helmholtz
5. The first person to study memory scientifically and systematically; used nonsense syllables and recorded how many times he had to study a list to remember it well
participant observation
fovea
acetylcholine
Hermann Ebbinghaus
6. Severe mental illness characterized by auditory hallucinations - paranoia and an inability to distinguish reality from fiction
growth hormone
Erik Erikson's
parasympathetic nervous system
shizophrenia
7. Part of the cerebral cortex; coordinates messages from other cerebral lobes; involved in complex problem-solving tasks - thinking - self-control - judgment - emotion regulation - personality affects - concentration - goal directed behavior; restructu
endorphins
participant observation
frontal lobe
altruism
8. Research in which the same people are restudied and retested over a long period
longitudinal study
endorphins
drive reduction
concept
9. Experimental results caused by expectations alone; any effect on behavior caused by the administration of an inert substance or condition - which is assumed to be an active agent
growth hormone
external validity
placebo effect
naturalistic observation
10. Considered the Father of modern psychology; study of mental processes - introspection - and self-exam; established the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig - Germany
Wilhelm Wundt
functional MRI
cognitive
acetylcholine
11. The part of declarative memory that stores general information such as names and facts.
central nervous system
semantic memory
babinksi reflex
dependent variable
12. Theory set forth by psychologist Albert Bandura that a person's behavior both influences and is influenced by personal factors and the social environment
naturalistic observation
reciprocal determinism
introspection
Erik Erikson's
13. ENCODE - STORE - RETRIEVE
negative punishment
Albert Bandura
case study
Three phases of memory process
14. The aggregate (sum or assemblage of many separate units; sum total) of responses to internal and external stimuli.
behavior
Psychoneuroimmunology or PNI
functional MRI
external validity
15. Personal Construct Psychology. investigative technique - which would remove the influence of the observer's frame of reference on what was observed. he believed (personal construct theory) our personality consists of our thoughts about ourselves - in
George Kelly
endorphins
neofreudian
algorithm
16. A study of an individual unit - as a person - family - or social group - usually emphasizing developmental issues and relationships with the environment - especially in order to compare a larger group to the individual unit.
Stages of Moral Development
case study
Psychoneuroimmunology or PNI
limbic system
17. Inferences are said to possess internal validity if a causal relation between two variables is properly demonstrated.
abreaction
mastery goals
internal validity
dopamine
18. A measure of how well the variables of one test (could be personality) measure the same things as the variables of a similar test.
concept
secondary reinforcer
Meyer Friedman
criterion validity
19. An innately reinforcing stimulus - such as one that satisfies a biological need
naturalistic observation
Psychoneuroimmunology or PNI
primary reinforcer
differentiation
20. Observing subjects in their natural environment with no attempts at intervention on the part of the researcher.
empirical evidence
William James
Humanism
naturalistic observation
21. 1896-1934; russian developmental psychologist who emphasized the role of the social environment on cognitive development and proposed the idea of zones of proximal development. GUIDED PARTICIPATION - Children's interaction with knowledgeable adults o
information processing theory
Lev Vygotsky
Three phases of memory process
carl jung
22. A therapist who deals with mental and emotional disorders
Three phases of memory process
clinical psychologist
empirical evidence
endorphins
23. Any of several chemical substances - as epinephrine or acetylcholine - that transmit nerve impulses across a synapse to a postsynaptic element - as another nerve - muscle - or gland.
neurotransmitter
psychoanalysis
George Kelly
functionalism
24. Goals framed in terms of increasing ones competence and skills
introspection
altruism
mastery goals
functional MRI
25. Founder of functionalism; studied how humans use perception to function in our environment; wrote first psychology textbook - The Principles of Psychology
Sternberg's triangular view
babinksi reflex
Parietal lobe
William James
26. Reciprocal action - effect - or influence.
interaction
Erik Erikson's
correlation
endorphins
27. Theory states that the acquisitiion of new knowledge and behaviors is central to human development. Was a pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. he is famous fo
Lev Vygotsky
B.F. Skinner
Erik Erikson
neurotransmitter
28. Portion posterior to the frontal lobe - responsible for sensations such as pain - temperature - and touch
mastery goals
parietal lobe
interaction
proactive interference
29. The science or study of the origin - development - organization - and functioning of human society; the science of the fundamental laws of social relations - institutions - etc.
sociology
deduction
parietal lobe
functional MRI
30. Neurotransmitter that influences voluntary movement - attention - alertness; lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson's disease; too much is linked with schizophrenia
algorithm
behavior
dopamine
nonrepinephrine
31. Stages of development - Stage 6 Love (in intimate relationships - work and family) - Intimacy vs. Isolation - Young adult / mid twenties till early forties. Who do I want to be with or date - what am I going to do with my life? Will I settle down?
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32. Act on the immune system to suppress the body's response to infection or trauma. Relieve inflammation - reduce swelling - and suppress symptoms in acute conditions
corticosteriods
negative punishment
ACTH
interaction
33. Stages of development - Stage 5 Fidelity - Identity vs. Role Confusion - Adolescent / 12 years till mid twenties. Questioning of self. Who am I - how do I fit in? Where am I going in life? Erikson believes that if the parents allow the child to exp
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34. Process in which cells become specialized in structure and function.
frontal lobe
differentiation
fovea
reciprocal determinism
35. Helps the body process new information by adapting to old stimuli and making space for new ones
negative punishment
fovea
sensory adaptation
information processing theory
36. It adopts a holistic approach to human existence through investigations of meaning - values - freedom - tragedy - personal responsibility - human potential - spirituality - and self-actualization
external validity
humanistic
Humanism
argument by evidence
37. Rapid low-amplitude waves. less prevalent in adults
Humanism
John Bowlby
REM sleep
information processing theory
38. Accepted Freud's basic ideas - but doubted sex was all-consuming and gave more credit to consciousness and childhood
fovea
neofreudian
Meyer Friedman
Humanism
39. Abbreviation for computerized axial tomography - uses a computer and a rotating x-ray device to create detailed - cross-sectional images - or slices - of organs and body parts
synaptic cleft
neofreudian
CAT scan
concept
40. Substance secreted by the anterior pituitary; controls size of an individual by promoting cell division - protein synthesis - and bone growth
cross-sectional study
growth hormone
Sternberg's triangular view
semantic memory
41. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation
industrial-organizational psychologist
carl jung
reciprocal determinism
algorithm
42. The process through which the body absorbs social stress and manifests symptoms of suffering; also called embodiment
somatization
participant observation
cross-sectional study
accomodation
43. The science of life or living matter in all its forms and phenomena - especially with reference to origin - growth - reproduction - structure - and behavior.
biology
information processing theory
internal validity
primary reinforcer
44. Three facets: intimacy - commitment - and passion.
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45. The appearance of things relative to one another as determined by their distance from the viewer
altruism
epinephrine
introspection
linear perspective
46. A psychologist who studies sensation - perception - learning - motivation - and emotion in carefully controlled laboratory conditions
Erik Erikson's
concept
proactive interference
experimental psychologist
47. Stages of development - Stage 3 Purpose - Initiative vs. Guilt - Preschool / 3-6 years - Can the child plan or do things on his own - such as dress him or herself. If 'guilty' about making his or her own choices - the child will not function well. E
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48. Created the Stages of Moral Development - relied for his studies on stories such as the Heinz dilemma - and was interested in how individuals would justify their actions if placed in similar moral dilemmas
Lawrence Kohlberg
psychoanalysis
Stockholm syndrome
mastery goals
49. A systematic method of deriving conclusions that cannot be false when the premises are true - esp one amenable to formalization and study by the science of logic
deduction
Ivan Pavlov
Parietal lobe
Lev Vygotsky
50. Attachment theory -
participant observation
ACTH
proactive interference
John Bowlby