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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Intro To Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The study of the relationships among psychology - the nervous and endocrine systems - and the immune system.
fixed ratio
hierarchy of needs
Psychoneuroimmunology or PNI
occipital lobe
2. Goals framed in terms of performing well in front of others - being judged favorably - and avoiding criticism
REM sleep
performance goals
Three phases of memory process
criterion validity
3. Stages of development - Stage 1 Hope - Basic Trust vs. Mistrust - Infant stage / 0-1 year. Does the child believe its caregivers to be reliable?
4. Severe mental illness characterized by auditory hallucinations - paranoia and an inability to distinguish reality from fiction
behavior
shizophrenia
frontal lobe
negative punishment
5. Portion behind to the frontal lobe - responsible for sensations such as pain - temperature - and touch
Parietal lobe
Lev Vygotsky
participant observation
information processing theory
6. Goals framed in terms of increasing ones competence and skills
external validity
Wilhelm Wundt
empirical evidence
mastery goals
7. A study of an individual unit - as a person - family - or social group - usually emphasizing developmental issues and relationships with the environment - especially in order to compare a larger group to the individual unit.
Hermann von Helmholtz
parasympathetic nervous system
case study
endorphins
8. Secreted from the adrenal cortex - aids the body during stress by increasing glucose levels
George Kelly
Sigmund Freud
interaction
cortisol
9. Adrenaline; activates a sympathetic nervous system by making the heart beat faster - stopping digestion - enlarging pupils - sending sugar into the bloodstream - preparing a blood clot faster
semantic memory
epinephrine
neuroscientist
John Locke
10. Originating in or based on observation or experience
Jean Piaget
reinforcer
empirical evidence
Hermann von Helmholtz
11. Rapid low-amplitude waves. less prevalent in adults
REM sleep
primary reinforcer
argument by evidence
Erik Erikson
12. Theory states that the acquisitiion of new knowledge and behaviors is central to human development. Was a pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. he is famous fo
split brain study
forgetting curve
secondary reinforcer
B.F. Skinner
13. Simultaneous color contrast: an effect that occurs when surrounding an area with a color changes the appearence of the surrounded area. - the theory that opposing retinal processes (red-green - yellow-blue - white-black) enable color vision. For exam
opponent-process theory
differentiation
participant observation
significant psychological research
14. The division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body - conserving its energy.
corticosteriods
parasympathetic nervous system
absolute threshold
William James
15. Researcher who pioneered the development of type A (high achieving - multi-taskers who are always very stressed and in a hurry.) and type B (easy going relaxed and not always in a hurry.) personality types based on how well they respond to the multip
empirical evidence
catecholamines
variable ratio
Meyer Friedman
16. Accepted Freud's basic ideas - but doubted sex was all-consuming and gave more credit to consciousness and childhood
neurotransmitter
neofreudian
variable ratio
Albert Bandura
17. The process through which the body absorbs social stress and manifests symptoms of suffering; also called embodiment
case study
somatization
somatic nervous system
acetylcholine
18. English empiricist philosopher who believed that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience (1632-1704)
John Locke
epinephrine
Hermann Ebbinghaus
algorithm
19. The state of being anonymous
dependent variable
anonymity
William James
retina
20. Portion posterior to the frontal lobe - responsible for sensations such as pain - temperature - and touch
humanistic
significant psychological research
interaction
parietal lobe
21. Experimental results caused by expectations alone; any effect on behavior caused by the administration of an inert substance or condition - which is assumed to be an active agent
participant observation
hierarchy of needs
placebo effect
avoidance-avoidance conflict
22. A process by which repressed material - particularly a painful experience or conflict is brought back to consciousness - in this process the person not only recalls - but also relived the repressed material - which is accompained by the appropriate a
forgetting curve
abreaction
Lawrence Kohlberg
concept
23. The science that deals with the origins - physical and cultural development - biological characteristics - and social customs and beliefs of humankind.
anonymity
significant psychological research
anthropology
cerebellum
24. A methodical - logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem
Gordon Allport
Anna Freud
algorithm
psychological science
25. Of or pertaining to the mental processes of perception - memory - judgment - and reasoning - as contrasted with emotional and volitional processes
reinforcer
Erik Erikson's
cognitive
biology
26. Inferences are said to possess internal validity if a causal relation between two variables is properly demonstrated.
sympathetic nervous system
clinical psychologist
internal validity
retina
27. A systematic method of deriving conclusions that cannot be false when the premises are true - esp one amenable to formalization and study by the science of logic
introspection
deduction
neuroscientist
hierarchy of needs
28. The division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body's skeletal muscles. Also called the skeletal nervous system
concept
sympathetic nervous system
somatic nervous system
carl jung
29. A 'SNAPSHOT' of a phenomenon such as cancer rate. a number of variables affect one another in a single point in time.
cortisol
abreaction
Piaget's theory of child cognitive development 4 stages
cross-sectional study
30. Stages of development - Stage 8 Wisdom - Ego Integrity vs. Despair - old age / from mid sixties. Some handle death well. Some can be bitter - unhappy - and/or dissatisfied with what they have accomplished or failed to accomplish within their lifetim
31. Substance secreted by the anterior pituitary; controls size of an individual by promoting cell division - protein synthesis - and bone growth
sociology
growth hormone
biology
nonrepinephrine
32. Research in which the same people are restudied and retested over a long period
Jean Piaget
retina
longitudinal study
fixed ratio
33. Natural - opiatelike neurotransmitters linked to pain control and to pleasure
semantic memory
somatization
mastery goals
endorphins
34. (psychiatry) a defense mechanism that transfers affect or reaction from the original object to some more acceptable one
displacement
Sigmund Freud
parasympathetic nervous system
Abraham Maslow
35. ENCODE - STORE - RETRIEVE
central nervous system
variable ratio
concept
Three phases of memory process
36. It adopts a holistic approach to human existence through investigations of meaning - values - freedom - tragedy - personal responsibility - human potential - spirituality - and self-actualization
hierarchy of needs
humanistic
functional MRI
sociology
37. Stages of development - Stage 7 Caring - Generativity vs. Stagnation - early forties till mid sixties / starts as the Mid-life crisis. Measure accomplishments/failures. Am I satisfied or not? The need to assist the younger generation. Stagnation is
38. The denial of any power or moral value superior to that of humanity; the rejection of religion in favour of a belief in the advancement of humanity by its own efforts
Erik Erikson's
proactive interference
Humanism
Erik Erikson
39. Pioneer in observational learning (AKA social learning) - stated that people profit from the mistakes/successes of others; Studies: Bobo Dolls-adults demonstrated 'appropriate' play with dolls - children mimicked play
case study
secondary reinforcer
sympathetic nervous system
Albert Bandura
40. A therapist who deals with mental and emotional disorders
growth hormone
clinical psychologist
semantic memory
internal validity
41. The first person to study memory scientifically and systematically; used nonsense syllables and recorded how many times he had to study a list to remember it well
epinephrine
Hermann Ebbinghaus
Erik Erikson's
interaction
42. The adjustment of one's schemas to include newly observed events and experiences
algorithm
epinephrine
Meyer Friedman
accomodation
43. Neurotransmitter that influences voluntary movement - attention - alertness; lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson's disease; too much is linked with schizophrenia
proactive interference
cerebellum
dopamine
reciprocal determinism
44. It is a collection of research designs which use manipulation and controlled testing to understand causal processes. Generally - one or more variables are manipulated to determine their effect on a dependent variable
experimental research
synaptic cleft
displacement
neofreudian
45. Considered the Father of modern psychology; study of mental processes - introspection - and self-exam; established the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig - Germany
reciprocal determinism
Psychoneuroimmunology or PNI
nonrepinephrine
Wilhelm Wundt
46. Stages of development - Stage 2 Will - Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt - Toddler stage / 1-3 years. Child needs to learn to explore the world. Bad if the parent is too smothering or completely neglectful.
47. One of the earliest psychologists in America who undertook a rigorous and structures approach to studying personality. He identified the idiographic and nomothetic views to personality.
somatization
Gordon Allport
Albert Bandura
CAT scan
48. Process in which cells become specialized in structure and function.
neuroscientist
differentiation
negative punishment
acetylcholine
49. A microscopic gap between the terminal button of one neuron and the cell membrane of another neuron
synaptic cleft
fixed ratio
dependent variable
semantic memory
50. A theory of personality that emphasizes free will and human agency in directing personal behavior. the doctrine emphasizing a person's capacity for self-realization through reason
Three phases of memory process
Humanism
sociology
Sigmund Freud