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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Intro To Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Research in which the same people are restudied and retested over a long period
longitudinal study
Psychoneuroimmunology or PNI
psychological science
forgetting curve
2. Act on the immune system to suppress the body's response to infection or trauma. Relieve inflammation - reduce swelling - and suppress symptoms in acute conditions
catecholamines
etiology
semantic memory
corticosteriods
3. A hormone released by the pituitary gland of the brain during childbirth - breastfeeding - and intercourse - causing emotional bonding between persons in whom it is released
Erik Erikson's
occipital lobe
Jean Piaget
oxytocin
4. Anti adrenaline - affects neurons involved in increased heart rate and the slowing of intestinal activity during stress - and neurons involved in learning - memory - dreaming - waking from sleep - and emotion. increase arousal and boost mood-scarce d
experimental psychologist
nonrepinephrine
Repression
Stages of Moral Development
5. A therapist who deals with mental and emotional disorders
clinical psychologist
Erik Erikson's
Jean Piaget
etiology
6. Present evidence to support your claims
occipital lobe
displacement
argument by evidence
criterion validity
7. Considered the Father of modern psychology; study of mental processes - introspection - and self-exam; established the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig - Germany
Wilhelm Wundt
correlation
cognitive
babinksi reflex
8. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation
carl jung
cross-sectional study
differentiation
Erik Erikson's
9. Physiological needs drive an organism to act in either random or habitual ways
correlation
Stockholm syndrome
drive reduction
avoidance-avoidance conflict
10. Natural - opiatelike neurotransmitters linked to pain control and to pleasure
central nervous system
experimental psychologist
endorphins
Erik Erikson's
11. The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied
functionalism
independent variable
negative punishment
placebo effect
12. Inferences are said to possess internal validity if a causal relation between two variables is properly demonstrated.
Abraham Maslow
internal validity
reinforcer
etiology
13. State whereby a victim forms an emotional attachment to their captors.
psychodynamic
concept
Stockholm syndrome
information processing theory
14. A schedule where reinforcement happens after a changing number of responses. Example gambling or sales
variable ratio
Three phases of memory process
secondary reinforcer
Lawrence Kohlberg
15. Severe mental illness characterized by auditory hallucinations - paranoia and an inability to distinguish reality from fiction
Erik Erikson's
experimental psychologist
shizophrenia
Psychoneuroimmunology or PNI
16. Researcher who pioneered the development of type A (high achieving - multi-taskers who are always very stressed and in a hurry.) and type B (easy going relaxed and not always in a hurry.) personality types based on how well they respond to the multip
introspection
Meyer Friedman
industrial-organizational psychologist
fovea
17. A microscopic gap between the terminal button of one neuron and the cell membrane of another neuron
criterion validity
synaptic cleft
sensory adaptation
dependent variable
18. The adjustment of one's schemas to include newly observed events and experiences
psychoanalysis
accomodation
etiology
information processing theory
19. Stages of development - Stage 6 Love (in intimate relationships - work and family) - Intimacy vs. Isolation - Young adult / mid twenties till early forties. Who do I want to be with or date - what am I going to do with my life? Will I settle down?
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20. A process by which repressed material - particularly a painful experience or conflict is brought back to consciousness - in this process the person not only recalls - but also relived the repressed material - which is accompained by the appropriate a
proactive interference
frontal lobe
longitudinal study
abreaction
21. A 'SNAPSHOT' of a phenomenon such as cancer rate. a number of variables affect one another in a single point in time.
criterion validity
Erik Erikson
cross-sectional study
cerebellum
22. Founder of functionalism; studied how humans use perception to function in our environment; wrote first psychology textbook - The Principles of Psychology
William James
clinical psychologist
frontal lobe
Stages of Moral Development
23. Technique of field research - used in anthropology and sociology - by which an investigator (participant observer) studies the life of a group by sharing in its activities
somatic nervous system
abreaction
clinical psychologist
participant observation
24. Adrenocorticotropic hormone - produced by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the adrenal cortex regulates the production of cortisol(steriod hormone) from anterior pituitary
REM sleep
catecholamines
ACTH
sympathetic nervous system
25. Situation in which previously learned information hinders the recall of information learned more recently
variable ratio
babinksi reflex
synaptic cleft
proactive interference
26. The 'little brain' attached to the rear of the brainstem; its functions include processing sensory input and coordinating movement output and balance
Humanism
linear perspective
cerebellum
anthropology
27. Stages of development - Stage 7 Caring - Generativity vs. Stagnation - early forties till mid sixties / starts as the Mid-life crisis. Measure accomplishments/failures. Am I satisfied or not? The need to assist the younger generation. Stagnation is
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28. Adrenaline; activates a sympathetic nervous system by making the heart beat faster - stopping digestion - enlarging pupils - sending sugar into the bloodstream - preparing a blood clot faster
epinephrine
cerebellum
mastery goals
cognitive
29. The outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of the independent variable
sensory adaptation
Meyer Friedman
Erik Erikson's
dependent variable
30. A systematic method of deriving conclusions that cannot be false when the premises are true - esp one amenable to formalization and study by the science of logic
cross-sectional study
variable ratio
deduction
REM sleep
31. (1821-1894) Emphasized a mechanistic and deterministic approach - assuming human sense organs functioned like machines - Neural Impulse: studied reaction times for sensory nerves in humans - demonstrated that speed of conduction was not instantaneous
Repression
Sigmund Freud
Hermann von Helmholtz
independent variable
32. The appearance of things relative to one another as determined by their distance from the viewer
drive reduction
Erik Erikson's
Humanism
linear perspective
33. It adopts a holistic approach to human existence through investigations of meaning - values - freedom - tragedy - personal responsibility - human potential - spirituality - and self-actualization
behavior
Erik Erikson's
humanistic
linear perspective
34. Three facets: intimacy - commitment - and passion.
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35. A methodical - logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem
naturalistic observation
external validity
reinforcer
algorithm
36. The light-sensitive inner surface of the eye - containing the receptor rods and cones plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual information
sympathetic nervous system
correlation
biology
retina
37. (psychiatry) a defense mechanism that transfers affect or reaction from the original object to some more acceptable one
Erik Erikson's
Humanism
Repression
displacement
38. Secreted from the adrenal cortex - aids the body during stress by increasing glucose levels
negative punishment
absolute threshold
cortisol
empirical evidence
39. 1896-1934; russian developmental psychologist who emphasized the role of the social environment on cognitive development and proposed the idea of zones of proximal development. GUIDED PARTICIPATION - Children's interaction with knowledgeable adults o
clinical psychologist
Lev Vygotsky
Repression
experimental psychologist
40. Helps the body process new information by adapting to old stimuli and making space for new ones
Anna Freud
sensory adaptation
correlation
absolute threshold
41. Process in which cells become specialized in structure and function.
differentiation
REM sleep
CAT scan
split brain study
42. The cause of a disease
etiology
B.F. Skinner
CAT scan
frontal lobe
43. Behavioral approach - the attempt to relate overt (open to view or knowledge; not concealed or secret) responses to observable environmental stimuli (something that excites an organism or part to functional activity).
epinephrine
correlation
psychological science
catecholamines
44. Neurotransmitter that influences voluntary movement - attention - alertness; lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson's disease; too much is linked with schizophrenia
cortisol
anthropology
dopamine
Erik Erikson's
45. Freud's theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts; the techniques used in treating psychological disorders by seeking to expose and interpret unconscious tensions
differentiation
Erik Erikson's
experimental psychologist
psychoanalysis
46. Goals framed in terms of increasing ones competence and skills
absolute threshold
mastery goals
split brain study
forgetting curve
47. The state of being anonymous
linear perspective
anonymity
etiology
John Bowlby
48. Any reinforcer that becomes reinforcing after being paired with a primary reinforcer - such as praise - tokens - or gold stars
anonymity
B.F. Skinner
secondary reinforcer
interaction
49. Simultaneous color contrast: an effect that occurs when surrounding an area with a color changes the appearence of the surrounded area. - the theory that opposing retinal processes (red-green - yellow-blue - white-black) enable color vision. For exam
opponent-process theory
criterion validity
cerebellum
hierarchy of needs
50. The extent to which data collected from a sample can be generalized to the entire population.
Erik Erikson's
anonymity
algorithm
external validity