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CLEP Intro To Psychology

Subjects : clep, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A doughnut-shaped system of neural structures at the border of the brainstem and cerebral hemispheres; associated with emotions such as fear and aggression and drives such as those for food and sex. Includes the hippocampus - amygdala - and hypothala






2. Reciprocal action - effect - or influence.






3. The outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of the independent variable






4. Experimental results caused by expectations alone; any effect on behavior caused by the administration of an inert substance or condition - which is assumed to be an active agent






5. A negative condition is introduced to reduce a behavior.






6. A psychologist who studies sensation - perception - learning - motivation - and emotion in carefully controlled laboratory conditions






7. The denial of any power or moral value superior to that of humanity; the rejection of religion in favour of a belief in the advancement of humanity by its own efforts






8. The process through which the body absorbs social stress and manifests symptoms of suffering; also called embodiment






9. The scientific study of how we think about - influence - and relate to one another






10. Accepted Freud's basic ideas - but doubted sex was all-consuming and gave more credit to consciousness and childhood






11. The cause of a disease






12. A study of an individual unit - as a person - family - or social group - usually emphasizing developmental issues and relationships with the environment - especially in order to compare a larger group to the individual unit.






13. State whereby a victim forms an emotional attachment to their captors.






14. Research in which the same people are restudied and retested over a long period






15. Portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the back of the head; visual areas






16. It adopts a holistic approach to human existence through investigations of meaning - values - freedom - tragedy - personal responsibility - human potential - spirituality - and self-actualization






17. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation






18. English empiricist philosopher who believed that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience (1632-1704)






19. Stroke bottom of the foot up and across by the toes and the toes fan out






20. The lowest level of stimulation that a person can detect






21. The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied






22. The study of the relationships among psychology - the nervous and endocrine systems - and the immune system.






23. The extent to which data collected from a sample can be generalized to the entire population.






24. Considered the Father of modern psychology; study of mental processes - introspection - and self-exam; established the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig - Germany






25. Goals framed in terms of performing well in front of others - being judged favorably - and avoiding criticism






26. 1896-1934; russian developmental psychologist who emphasized the role of the social environment on cognitive development and proposed the idea of zones of proximal development. GUIDED PARTICIPATION - Children's interaction with knowledgeable adults o






27. Personal Construct Psychology. investigative technique - which would remove the influence of the observer's frame of reference on what was observed. he believed (personal construct theory) our personality consists of our thoughts about ourselves - in






28. Substance secreted by the anterior pituitary; controls size of an individual by promoting cell division - protein synthesis - and bone growth






29. The appearance of things relative to one another as determined by their distance from the viewer






30. Stages of development - Stage 1 Hope - Basic Trust vs. Mistrust - Infant stage / 0-1 year. Does the child believe its caregivers to be reliable?


31. The science of life or living matter in all its forms and phenomena - especially with reference to origin - growth - reproduction - structure - and behavior.






32. Stages of development - Stage 2 Will - Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt - Toddler stage / 1-3 years. Child needs to learn to explore the world. Bad if the parent is too smothering or completely neglectful.


33. (1821-1894) Emphasized a mechanistic and deterministic approach - assuming human sense organs functioned like machines - Neural Impulse: studied reaction times for sensory nerves in humans - demonstrated that speed of conduction was not instantaneous






34. Rapid low-amplitude waves. less prevalent in adults






35. Level 1 (Pre-Conventional) 1. Obedience and punishment orientation (How can I avoid punishment?) 2. Self-interest orientation (What's in it for me? Paying for a benefit.) - Level 2 (Conventional) 3. Interpersonal accord and conformity (Social norms -






36. Theory set forth by psychologist Albert Bandura that a person's behavior both influences and is influenced by personal factors and the social environment






37. Any of several chemical substances - as epinephrine or acetylcholine - that transmit nerve impulses across a synapse to a postsynaptic element - as another nerve - muscle - or gland.






38. A therapist who deals with mental and emotional disorders






39. Mental categories that help our brains group objects that have common properties.






40. Sensorimotor - birth to language - Preoperational - 2-7 - Concrete Operational - 7 - 11 - Formal Operational 11 - Adult Abstract Thoughts


41. A mutual or reciprocal relationship between two or more things






42. A measure of how well the variables of one test (could be personality) measure the same things as the variables of a similar test.






43. An innately reinforcing stimulus - such as one that satisfies a biological need






44. Any reinforcer that becomes reinforcing after being paired with a primary reinforcer - such as praise - tokens - or gold stars






45. Classical conditioning. trained a dog to respond to the sound of a bell by pairing it up with food.






46. Secreted from the adrenal cortex - aids the body during stress by increasing glucose levels






47. Helps the body process new information by adapting to old stimuli and making space for new ones






48. A methodical - logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem






49. Freud's theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts; the techniques used in treating psychological disorders by seeking to expose and interpret unconscious tensions






50. Created the 'hierarchy of needs -'--physiological needs - safety & security - love & belonging - self-esteem - self-actualization.