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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Intro To Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The study of the relationships among psychology - the nervous and endocrine systems - and the immune system.
dependent variable
John Locke
limbic system
Psychoneuroimmunology or PNI
2. The science or study of the origin - development - organization - and functioning of human society; the science of the fundamental laws of social relations - institutions - etc.
independent variable
Erik Erikson's
clinical psychologist
sociology
3. ENCODE - STORE - RETRIEVE
criterion validity
behavior
limbic system
Three phases of memory process
4. Secreted from the adrenal cortex - aids the body during stress by increasing glucose levels
reinforcer
cortisol
somatization
Abraham Maslow
5. Findings that provide a multilayered - comprehensive understanding of human behavior. Ex. study of stress and human response has to be done from a biological - social and cognitive perspective.
Lawrence Kohlberg
significant psychological research
split brain study
internal validity
6. Anti adrenaline - affects neurons involved in increased heart rate and the slowing of intestinal activity during stress - and neurons involved in learning - memory - dreaming - waking from sleep - and emotion. increase arousal and boost mood-scarce d
Sigmund Freud
occipital lobe
nonrepinephrine
Erik Erikson's
7. Three facets: intimacy - commitment - and passion.
8. A measure of how well the variables of one test (could be personality) measure the same things as the variables of a similar test.
criterion validity
cognitive
differentiation
frontal lobe
9. An innately reinforcing stimulus - such as one that satisfies a biological need
central nervous system
sensory adaptation
concept
primary reinforcer
10. Of or pertaining to the mental processes of perception - memory - judgment - and reasoning - as contrasted with emotional and volitional processes
altruism
Jean Piaget
algorithm
cognitive
11. Simultaneous color contrast: an effect that occurs when surrounding an area with a color changes the appearence of the surrounded area. - the theory that opposing retinal processes (red-green - yellow-blue - white-black) enable color vision. For exam
opponent-process theory
Anna Freud
corticosteriods
proactive interference
12. Stages of development - Stage 6 Love (in intimate relationships - work and family) - Intimacy vs. Isolation - Young adult / mid twenties till early forties. Who do I want to be with or date - what am I going to do with my life? Will I settle down?
13. A hormone released by the pituitary gland of the brain during childbirth - breastfeeding - and intercourse - causing emotional bonding between persons in whom it is released
epinephrine
correlation
oxytocin
cognitive
14. A mutual or reciprocal relationship between two or more things
correlation
sympathetic nervous system
semantic memory
negative punishment
15. Behavioral approach - the attempt to relate overt (open to view or knowledge; not concealed or secret) responses to observable environmental stimuli (something that excites an organism or part to functional activity).
Erik Erikson's
psychoanalysis
Erik Erikson's
psychological science
16. The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied
significant psychological research
synaptic cleft
B.F. Skinner
independent variable
17. The part of declarative memory that stores general information such as names and facts.
Erik Erikson's
concept
semantic memory
Lev Vygotsky
18. Founder of functionalism; studied how humans use perception to function in our environment; wrote first psychology textbook - The Principles of Psychology
etiology
Gordon Allport
William James
psychodynamic
19. The portion of the vertebrate nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord that perceives - gathers - interprets - and records incoming sensory information and also sends out communication destined for muscles - glands and internal organs s
Sigmund Freud
Repression
central nervous system
Psychoneuroimmunology or PNI
20. English empiricist philosopher who believed that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience (1632-1704)
Lev Vygotsky
John Locke
Erik Erikson's
primary reinforcer
21. Any clinical approach to personality - as Freud's - that sees personality as the result of a dynamic interplay of conscious and unconscious factors.
CAT scan
anonymity
criterion validity
psychodynamic
22. Inferences are said to possess internal validity if a causal relation between two variables is properly demonstrated.
absolute threshold
internal validity
cross-sectional study
displacement
23. The division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body - conserving its energy.
Ivan Pavlov
Stockholm syndrome
parasympathetic nervous system
John Bowlby
24. Goals framed in terms of performing well in front of others - being judged favorably - and avoiding criticism
interaction
CAT scan
performance goals
altruism
25. The aggregate (sum or assemblage of many separate units; sum total) of responses to internal and external stimuli.
behavior
Hermann Ebbinghaus
argument by evidence
Erik Erikson's
26. Observing subjects in their natural environment with no attempts at intervention on the part of the researcher.
reinforcer
proactive interference
Erik Erikson
naturalistic observation
27. The outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of the independent variable
dependent variable
sociology
ACTH
synaptic cleft
28. Stages of development - Stage 7 Caring - Generativity vs. Stagnation - early forties till mid sixties / starts as the Mid-life crisis. Measure accomplishments/failures. Am I satisfied or not? The need to assist the younger generation. Stagnation is
29. Process in which cells become specialized in structure and function.
functional MRI
secondary reinforcer
Erik Erikson
differentiation
30. The process through which the body absorbs social stress and manifests symptoms of suffering; also called embodiment
Erik Erikson's
Three phases of memory process
somatization
reinforcer
31. It is a collection of research designs which use manipulation and controlled testing to understand causal processes. Generally - one or more variables are manipulated to determine their effect on a dependent variable
experimental research
information processing theory
Humanism
corticosteriods
32. The lowest level of stimulation that a person can detect
clinical psychologist
absolute threshold
Three phases of memory process
altruism
33. The 'little brain' attached to the rear of the brainstem; its functions include processing sensory input and coordinating movement output and balance
cerebellum
corticosteriods
cross-sectional study
forgetting curve
34. In psychoanalytic theory - the basic defense mechanism that banishes from consciousness anxiety-arousing thoughts - feelings - and memories
Repression
catecholamines
Anna Freud
sympathetic nervous system
35. Rapid low-amplitude waves. less prevalent in adults
synaptic cleft
Psychoneuroimmunology or PNI
altruism
REM sleep
36. The extent to which data collected from a sample can be generalized to the entire population.
anonymity
Sternberg's triangular view
displacement
external validity
37. Created the Stages of Moral Development - relied for his studies on stories such as the Heinz dilemma - and was interested in how individuals would justify their actions if placed in similar moral dilemmas
Lawrence Kohlberg
significant psychological research
Stages of Moral Development
endorphins
38. Considered the Father of modern psychology; study of mental processes - introspection - and self-exam; established the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig - Germany
Wilhelm Wundt
displacement
clinical psychologist
Erik Erikson's
39. Physiological needs drive an organism to act in either random or habitual ways
John Bowlby
information processing theory
drive reduction
sympathetic nervous system
40. Adrenocorticotropic hormone - produced by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the adrenal cortex regulates the production of cortisol(steriod hormone) from anterior pituitary
Erik Erikson's
independent variable
ACTH
performance goals
41. Freud's theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts; the techniques used in treating psychological disorders by seeking to expose and interpret unconscious tensions
behavior
psychoanalysis
REM sleep
John Locke
42. Stages of development - Stage 2 Will - Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt - Toddler stage / 1-3 years. Child needs to learn to explore the world. Bad if the parent is too smothering or completely neglectful.
43. Created the 'hierarchy of needs -'--physiological needs - safety & security - love & belonging - self-esteem - self-actualization.
argument by evidence
variable ratio
information processing theory
Abraham Maslow
44. A study of an individual unit - as a person - family - or social group - usually emphasizing developmental issues and relationships with the environment - especially in order to compare a larger group to the individual unit.
anonymity
opponent-process theory
neofreudian
case study
45. Originating in or based on observation or experience
Albert Bandura
social psychologist
empirical evidence
criterion validity
46. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation
parasympathetic nervous system
cerebellum
carl jung
psychoanalysis
47. A school of psychology that focused on how mental and behavioral processes function - how they enable the organism to adapt - survive - and flourish.
differentiation
Jean Piaget
babinksi reflex
functionalism
48. Stroke bottom of the foot up and across by the toes and the toes fan out
babinksi reflex
catecholamines
functional MRI
independent variable
49. Theory states that the acquisitiion of new knowledge and behaviors is central to human development. Was a pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. he is famous fo
clinical psychologist
concept
B.F. Skinner
etiology
50. A negative condition is introduced to reduce a behavior.
dopamine
negative punishment
nonrepinephrine
algorithm