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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Intro To Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Researcher who pioneered the development of type A (high achieving - multi-taskers who are always very stressed and in a hurry.) and type B (easy going relaxed and not always in a hurry.) personality types based on how well they respond to the multip
CAT scan
growth hormone
abreaction
Meyer Friedman
2. A theory of personality that emphasizes free will and human agency in directing personal behavior. the doctrine emphasizing a person's capacity for self-realization through reason
functional MRI
independent variable
Humanism
acetylcholine
3. (1821-1894) Emphasized a mechanistic and deterministic approach - assuming human sense organs functioned like machines - Neural Impulse: studied reaction times for sensory nerves in humans - demonstrated that speed of conduction was not instantaneous
Sigmund Freud
central nervous system
Psychoneuroimmunology or PNI
Hermann von Helmholtz
4. Three facets: intimacy - commitment - and passion.
5. Stages of development - Stage 1 Hope - Basic Trust vs. Mistrust - Infant stage / 0-1 year. Does the child believe its caregivers to be reliable?
6. A measure of how well the variables of one test (could be personality) measure the same things as the variables of a similar test.
anthropology
CAT scan
absolute threshold
criterion validity
7. The process through which the body absorbs social stress and manifests symptoms of suffering; also called embodiment
Erik Erikson's
somatization
Wilhelm Wundt
functional MRI
8. A psychologist who uses psychological concepts to make the workplace a more satisfying environment for employees and managers
industrial-organizational psychologist
Erik Erikson's
absolute threshold
linear perspective
9. A doughnut-shaped system of neural structures at the border of the brainstem and cerebral hemispheres; associated with emotions such as fear and aggression and drives such as those for food and sex. Includes the hippocampus - amygdala - and hypothala
Anna Freud
sociology
limbic system
frontal lobe
10. Severe mental illness characterized by auditory hallucinations - paranoia and an inability to distinguish reality from fiction
split brain study
abreaction
absolute threshold
shizophrenia
11. An innately reinforcing stimulus - such as one that satisfies a biological need
catecholamines
case study
primary reinforcer
proactive interference
12. A process by which repressed material - particularly a painful experience or conflict is brought back to consciousness - in this process the person not only recalls - but also relived the repressed material - which is accompained by the appropriate a
abreaction
neurotransmitter
John Locke
behavior
13. Adrenal glands secerets this to activate various organs that results in a phyiscal stress response
correlation
reinforcer
participant observation
catecholamines
14. The state of being anonymous
anonymity
Erik Erikson's
cognitive
sensory adaptation
15. A psychologist who studies sensation - perception - learning - motivation - and emotion in carefully controlled laboratory conditions
experimental psychologist
somatization
sensory adaptation
growth hormone
16. Process in which cells become specialized in structure and function.
concept
differentiation
drive reduction
experimental research
17. A microscopic gap between the terminal button of one neuron and the cell membrane of another neuron
absolute threshold
REM sleep
Wilhelm Wundt
synaptic cleft
18. The central focal point in the retina - around which the eye's cones cluster
CAT scan
forgetting curve
parasympathetic nervous system
fovea
19. A study of an individual unit - as a person - family - or social group - usually emphasizing developmental issues and relationships with the environment - especially in order to compare a larger group to the individual unit.
humanistic
case study
shizophrenia
cognitive
20. Natural - opiatelike neurotransmitters linked to pain control and to pleasure
forgetting curve
endorphins
dopamine
proactive interference
21. The study of the relationships among psychology - the nervous and endocrine systems - and the immune system.
split brain study
babinksi reflex
primary reinforcer
Psychoneuroimmunology or PNI
22. Experimental results caused by expectations alone; any effect on behavior caused by the administration of an inert substance or condition - which is assumed to be an active agent
Albert Bandura
placebo effect
Erik Erikson's
occipital lobe
23. The appearance of things relative to one another as determined by their distance from the viewer
linear perspective
Meyer Friedman
John Locke
argument by evidence
24. Present evidence to support your claims
proactive interference
growth hormone
argument by evidence
cognitive
25. Findings that provide a multilayered - comprehensive understanding of human behavior. Ex. study of stress and human response has to be done from a biological - social and cognitive perspective.
placebo effect
Hermann Ebbinghaus
significant psychological research
humanistic
26. A school of psychology that focused on how mental and behavioral processes function - how they enable the organism to adapt - survive - and flourish.
differentiation
internal validity
functionalism
cross-sectional study
27. The science or study of the origin - development - organization - and functioning of human society; the science of the fundamental laws of social relations - institutions - etc.
psychodynamic
sociology
biology
Erik Erikson's
28. One of the earliest psychologists in America who undertook a rigorous and structures approach to studying personality. He identified the idiographic and nomothetic views to personality.
hierarchy of needs
Gordon Allport
oxytocin
negative punishment
29. The 'little brain' attached to the rear of the brainstem; its functions include processing sensory input and coordinating movement output and balance
B.F. Skinner
cerebellum
Sternberg's triangular view
dependent variable
30. The adjustment of one's schemas to include newly observed events and experiences
functionalism
independent variable
accomodation
Humanism
31. Situation in which previously learned information hinders the recall of information learned more recently
etiology
proactive interference
Piaget's theory of child cognitive development 4 stages
cortisol
32. The aggregate (sum or assemblage of many separate units; sum total) of responses to internal and external stimuli.
primary reinforcer
behavior
fovea
anonymity
33. The outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of the independent variable
reinforcer
dependent variable
external validity
somatic nervous system
34. Substance secreted by the anterior pituitary; controls size of an individual by promoting cell division - protein synthesis - and bone growth
performance goals
growth hormone
Erik Erikson's
hierarchy of needs
35. 1896-1934; russian developmental psychologist who emphasized the role of the social environment on cognitive development and proposed the idea of zones of proximal development. GUIDED PARTICIPATION - Children's interaction with knowledgeable adults o
sensory adaptation
Stages of Moral Development
Lev Vygotsky
dependent variable
36. Adrenaline; activates a sympathetic nervous system by making the heart beat faster - stopping digestion - enlarging pupils - sending sugar into the bloodstream - preparing a blood clot faster
frontal lobe
displacement
epinephrine
opponent-process theory
37. Neurotransmitter that influences voluntary movement - attention - alertness; lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson's disease; too much is linked with schizophrenia
corticosteriods
dopamine
central nervous system
proactive interference
38. Of or pertaining to the mental processes of perception - memory - judgment - and reasoning - as contrasted with emotional and volitional processes
accomodation
cognitive
oxytocin
catecholamines
39. Created the Stages of Moral Development - relied for his studies on stories such as the Heinz dilemma - and was interested in how individuals would justify their actions if placed in similar moral dilemmas
babinksi reflex
Psychoneuroimmunology or PNI
Lawrence Kohlberg
synaptic cleft
40. Stages of development - Stage 3 Purpose - Initiative vs. Guilt - Preschool / 3-6 years - Can the child plan or do things on his own - such as dress him or herself. If 'guilty' about making his or her own choices - the child will not function well. E
41. The quality of unselfish concern for the welfare of others
cerebellum
Lawrence Kohlberg
Erik Erikson's
altruism
42. The science of life or living matter in all its forms and phenomena - especially with reference to origin - growth - reproduction - structure - and behavior.
Meyer Friedman
sensory adaptation
biology
Erik Erikson's
43. Physiological needs drive an organism to act in either random or habitual ways
accomodation
dopamine
drive reduction
Erik Erikson
44. Stages of development - Stage 5 Fidelity - Identity vs. Role Confusion - Adolescent / 12 years till mid twenties. Questioning of self. Who am I - how do I fit in? Where am I going in life? Erikson believes that if the parents allow the child to exp
45. A therapist who deals with mental and emotional disorders
case study
experimental psychologist
hierarchy of needs
clinical psychologist
46. Theory set forth by psychologist Albert Bandura that a person's behavior both influences and is influenced by personal factors and the social environment
reciprocal determinism
central nervous system
performance goals
Albert Bandura
47. Classical conditioning. trained a dog to respond to the sound of a bell by pairing it up with food.
Parietal lobe
placebo effect
Ivan Pavlov
abreaction
48. Stages of development - Stage 6 Love (in intimate relationships - work and family) - Intimacy vs. Isolation - Young adult / mid twenties till early forties. Who do I want to be with or date - what am I going to do with my life? Will I settle down?
49. A methodical - logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem
Erik Erikson's
algorithm
Anna Freud
significant psychological research
50. Research in which the same people are restudied and retested over a long period
functional MRI
psychoanalysis
longitudinal study
anonymity