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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Intro To Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Theory states that the acquisitiion of new knowledge and behaviors is central to human development. Was a pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. he is famous fo
experimental psychologist
shizophrenia
B.F. Skinner
cortisol
2. Goals framed in terms of increasing ones competence and skills
mastery goals
parietal lobe
Albert Bandura
Stockholm syndrome
3. Stages of development - Stage 2 Will - Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt - Toddler stage / 1-3 years. Child needs to learn to explore the world. Bad if the parent is too smothering or completely neglectful.
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4. The science of life or living matter in all its forms and phenomena - especially with reference to origin - growth - reproduction - structure - and behavior.
Lawrence Kohlberg
Albert Bandura
biology
Abraham Maslow
5. English empiricist philosopher who believed that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience (1632-1704)
John Locke
accomodation
external validity
negative punishment
6. Three facets: intimacy - commitment - and passion.
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7. Physiological needs drive an organism to act in either random or habitual ways
functionalism
ACTH
drive reduction
Meyer Friedman
8. Founder of functionalism; studied how humans use perception to function in our environment; wrote first psychology textbook - The Principles of Psychology
altruism
William James
drive reduction
criterion validity
9. The adjustment of one's schemas to include newly observed events and experiences
accomodation
parietal lobe
Albert Bandura
fixed ratio
10. A microscopic gap between the terminal button of one neuron and the cell membrane of another neuron
synaptic cleft
growth hormone
Humanism
parasympathetic nervous system
11. A hormone released by the pituitary gland of the brain during childbirth - breastfeeding - and intercourse - causing emotional bonding between persons in whom it is released
oxytocin
clinical psychologist
limbic system
corticosteriods
12. Abbreviation for computerized axial tomography - uses a computer and a rotating x-ray device to create detailed - cross-sectional images - or slices - of organs and body parts
somatic nervous system
independent variable
CAT scan
variable ratio
13. Founded by Hermann Ebbinghaus. displays retention of information and forgetting over time. conclusions to this were that most forgetting happens right after learning something. this was modified to that forgetting doesn't occur that quickly if the su
experimental research
correlation
forgetting curve
Erik Erikson's
14. Sensorimotor - birth to language - Preoperational - 2-7 - Concrete Operational - 7 - 11 - Formal Operational 11 - Adult Abstract Thoughts
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15. ENCODE - STORE - RETRIEVE
Three phases of memory process
reinforcer
corticosteriods
Sternberg's triangular view
16. The appearance of things relative to one another as determined by their distance from the viewer
dependent variable
cognitive
etiology
linear perspective
17. Severe mental illness characterized by auditory hallucinations - paranoia and an inability to distinguish reality from fiction
psychodynamic
functional MRI
performance goals
shizophrenia
18. Stroke bottom of the foot up and across by the toes and the toes fan out
babinksi reflex
opponent-process theory
Gordon Allport
Hermann von Helmholtz
19. Observation or examination of one's own mental and emotional state - mental processes - etc.; the act of looking within oneself.
introspection
Humanism
etiology
naturalistic observation
20. Simultaneous color contrast: an effect that occurs when surrounding an area with a color changes the appearence of the surrounded area. - the theory that opposing retinal processes (red-green - yellow-blue - white-black) enable color vision. For exam
acetylcholine
opponent-process theory
significant psychological research
babinksi reflex
21. Anti adrenaline - affects neurons involved in increased heart rate and the slowing of intestinal activity during stress - and neurons involved in learning - memory - dreaming - waking from sleep - and emotion. increase arousal and boost mood-scarce d
nonrepinephrine
Erik Erikson's
deduction
frontal lobe
22. Stages of development - Stage 8 Wisdom - Ego Integrity vs. Despair - old age / from mid sixties. Some handle death well. Some can be bitter - unhappy - and/or dissatisfied with what they have accomplished or failed to accomplish within their lifetim
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23. Stages of development - Stage 6 Love (in intimate relationships - work and family) - Intimacy vs. Isolation - Young adult / mid twenties till early forties. Who do I want to be with or date - what am I going to do with my life? Will I settle down?
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24. Stages of development - Stage 3 Purpose - Initiative vs. Guilt - Preschool / 3-6 years - Can the child plan or do things on his own - such as dress him or herself. If 'guilty' about making his or her own choices - the child will not function well. E
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25. Maslow's pyramid of human needs - beginning at the base with physiological needs that must first be satisfied before higher-level safety needs and then psychological needs become active - Maslow's Theory of Motivation which states that we must achiev
abreaction
epinephrine
hierarchy of needs
synaptic cleft
26. In psychoanalytic theory - the basic defense mechanism that banishes from consciousness anxiety-arousing thoughts - feelings - and memories
abreaction
Repression
William James
parasympathetic nervous system
27. Helps the body process new information by adapting to old stimuli and making space for new ones
parasympathetic nervous system
psychological science
carl jung
sensory adaptation
28. Of or pertaining to the mental processes of perception - memory - judgment - and reasoning - as contrasted with emotional and volitional processes
cognitive
mastery goals
synaptic cleft
Gordon Allport
29. Natural - opiatelike neurotransmitters linked to pain control and to pleasure
anonymity
limbic system
endorphins
Erik Erikson
30. Findings that provide a multilayered - comprehensive understanding of human behavior. Ex. study of stress and human response has to be done from a biological - social and cognitive perspective.
behavior
John Locke
significant psychological research
algorithm
31. A neurotransmitter that enables learning and memory and also triggers muscle contraction. - lack of production is linked to Alzheimer's
neuroscientist
Erik Erikson's
acetylcholine
psychoanalysis
32. The quality of unselfish concern for the welfare of others
linear perspective
proactive interference
Sigmund Freud
altruism
33. Situation in which previously learned information hinders the recall of information learned more recently
proactive interference
parietal lobe
accomodation
catecholamines
34. Theory of child development included the Socratic method of questioning children by guiding them to reflect on their behavior. His emphasis on self-awareness and reflection has been adopted into school curricula and used to help students become criti
Ivan Pavlov
Erik Erikson
catecholamines
Jean Piaget
35. A systematic method of deriving conclusions that cannot be false when the premises are true - esp one amenable to formalization and study by the science of logic
corticosteriods
Stockholm syndrome
cross-sectional study
deduction
36. Research in which the same people are restudied and retested over a long period
correlation
longitudinal study
split brain study
Humanism
37. The division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body's skeletal muscles. Also called the skeletal nervous system
neofreudian
somatic nervous system
deduction
synaptic cleft
38. Freud's theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts; the techniques used in treating psychological disorders by seeking to expose and interpret unconscious tensions
Psychoneuroimmunology or PNI
B.F. Skinner
psychoanalysis
George Kelly
39. Study of the brain interested in the biological bases of human disorders such as Parkinson's and Huntington's. Neuroscience is a branch of research that is concerned with the underlying physical changes that accompany brain disorders
experimental psychologist
sociology
neuroscientist
Meyer Friedman
40. An innately reinforcing stimulus - such as one that satisfies a biological need
Stockholm syndrome
primary reinforcer
differentiation
retina
41. A school of psychology that focused on how mental and behavioral processes function - how they enable the organism to adapt - survive - and flourish.
experimental psychologist
functionalism
altruism
reinforcer
42. The first person to study memory scientifically and systematically; used nonsense syllables and recorded how many times he had to study a list to remember it well
John Bowlby
criterion validity
Hermann Ebbinghaus
B.F. Skinner
43. Stages of development - Stage 5 Fidelity - Identity vs. Role Confusion - Adolescent / 12 years till mid twenties. Questioning of self. Who am I - how do I fit in? Where am I going in life? Erikson believes that if the parents allow the child to exp
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44. The extent to which data collected from a sample can be generalized to the entire population.
semantic memory
Wilhelm Wundt
occipital lobe
external validity
45. A schedule where reinforcement happens after a changing number of responses. Example gambling or sales
variable ratio
catecholamines
industrial-organizational psychologist
deduction
46. Portion posterior to the frontal lobe - responsible for sensations such as pain - temperature - and touch
naturalistic observation
reinforcer
parietal lobe
somatic nervous system
47. A therapist who deals with mental and emotional disorders
clinical psychologist
algorithm
experimental psychologist
placebo effect
48. A 'SNAPSHOT' of a phenomenon such as cancer rate. a number of variables affect one another in a single point in time.
displacement
split brain study
cross-sectional study
correlation
49. Technique of field research - used in anthropology and sociology - by which an investigator (participant observer) studies the life of a group by sharing in its activities
absolute threshold
participant observation
Erik Erikson's
industrial-organizational psychologist
50. State whereby a victim forms an emotional attachment to their captors.
semantic memory
Stockholm syndrome
split brain study
interaction