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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Intro To Psychology
Start Test
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Subjects
:
clep
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Inferences are said to possess internal validity if a causal relation between two variables is properly demonstrated.
internal validity
accomodation
babinksi reflex
argument by evidence
2. An innately reinforcing stimulus - such as one that satisfies a biological need
retina
oxytocin
Erik Erikson's
primary reinforcer
3. A methodical - logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem
algorithm
accomodation
deduction
experimental psychologist
4. The science of life or living matter in all its forms and phenomena - especially with reference to origin - growth - reproduction - structure - and behavior.
deduction
biology
social psychologist
humanistic
5. Substance secreted by the anterior pituitary; controls size of an individual by promoting cell division - protein synthesis - and bone growth
corticosteriods
growth hormone
information processing theory
sociology
6. A schedule where reinforcement happens after a changing number of responses. Example gambling or sales
Erik Erikson's
semantic memory
variable ratio
REM sleep
7. Stages of development - Stage 6 Love (in intimate relationships - work and family) - Intimacy vs. Isolation - Young adult / mid twenties till early forties. Who do I want to be with or date - what am I going to do with my life? Will I settle down?
8. A school of psychology that focused on how mental and behavioral processes function - how they enable the organism to adapt - survive - and flourish.
functionalism
babinksi reflex
Gordon Allport
Lawrence Kohlberg
9. The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied
independent variable
central nervous system
drive reduction
longitudinal study
10. Goals framed in terms of performing well in front of others - being judged favorably - and avoiding criticism
split brain study
endorphins
fixed ratio
performance goals
11. A negative condition is introduced to reduce a behavior.
Gordon Allport
negative punishment
empirical evidence
Stockholm syndrome
12. The science that deals with the origins - physical and cultural development - biological characteristics - and social customs and beliefs of humankind.
correlation
cortisol
Erik Erikson's
anthropology
13. A process by which repressed material - particularly a painful experience or conflict is brought back to consciousness - in this process the person not only recalls - but also relived the repressed material - which is accompained by the appropriate a
Lawrence Kohlberg
Erik Erikson's
Sternberg's triangular view
abreaction
14. The appearance of things relative to one another as determined by their distance from the viewer
differentiation
linear perspective
oxytocin
independent variable
15. A therapist who deals with mental and emotional disorders
clinical psychologist
independent variable
Sternberg's triangular view
longitudinal study
16. Any clinical approach to personality - as Freud's - that sees personality as the result of a dynamic interplay of conscious and unconscious factors.
experimental psychologist
Sternberg's triangular view
psychodynamic
independent variable
17. Neo-Freudian - humanistic; 8 psychosocial stages of development: theory shows how people evolve through the life span. Each stage is marked by a psychological crisis that involves confronting 'Who am I?'
Erik Erikson
psychological science
occipital lobe
frontal lobe
18. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation
placebo effect
psychological science
carl jung
Ivan Pavlov
19. Goals framed in terms of increasing ones competence and skills
Piaget's theory of child cognitive development 4 stages
mastery goals
experimental psychologist
Three phases of memory process
20. Created the Stages of Moral Development - relied for his studies on stories such as the Heinz dilemma - and was interested in how individuals would justify their actions if placed in similar moral dilemmas
George Kelly
Lawrence Kohlberg
REM sleep
Piaget's theory of child cognitive development 4 stages
21. Stages of development - Stage 1 Hope - Basic Trust vs. Mistrust - Infant stage / 0-1 year. Does the child believe its caregivers to be reliable?
22. Experimental results caused by expectations alone; any effect on behavior caused by the administration of an inert substance or condition - which is assumed to be an active agent
placebo effect
growth hormone
Wilhelm Wundt
algorithm
23. How the memory processes information - long term memory - short term memory - sensory information
cross-sectional study
empirical evidence
epinephrine
information processing theory
24. The 'little brain' attached to the rear of the brainstem; its functions include processing sensory input and coordinating movement output and balance
Hermann von Helmholtz
somatic nervous system
cerebellum
opponent-process theory
25. Portion posterior to the frontal lobe - responsible for sensations such as pain - temperature - and touch
internal validity
Erik Erikson's
Humanism
parietal lobe
26. The cause of a disease
clinical psychologist
etiology
Abraham Maslow
anonymity
27. Technique of field research - used in anthropology and sociology - by which an investigator (participant observer) studies the life of a group by sharing in its activities
industrial-organizational psychologist
participant observation
B.F. Skinner
dopamine
28. Observation or examination of one's own mental and emotional state - mental processes - etc.; the act of looking within oneself.
psychoanalysis
frontal lobe
Erik Erikson's
introspection
29. A 'SNAPSHOT' of a phenomenon such as cancer rate. a number of variables affect one another in a single point in time.
clinical psychologist
information processing theory
cross-sectional study
behavior
30. Adrenal glands secerets this to activate various organs that results in a phyiscal stress response
catecholamines
concept
Erik Erikson's
REM sleep
31. Mental categories that help our brains group objects that have common properties.
Erik Erikson's
concept
anthropology
neuroscientist
32. Stages of development - Stage 8 Wisdom - Ego Integrity vs. Despair - old age / from mid sixties. Some handle death well. Some can be bitter - unhappy - and/or dissatisfied with what they have accomplished or failed to accomplish within their lifetim
33. The first person to study memory scientifically and systematically; used nonsense syllables and recorded how many times he had to study a list to remember it well
experimental research
semantic memory
Hermann Ebbinghaus
internal validity
34. Stages of development - Stage 7 Caring - Generativity vs. Stagnation - early forties till mid sixties / starts as the Mid-life crisis. Measure accomplishments/failures. Am I satisfied or not? The need to assist the younger generation. Stagnation is
35. (1821-1894) Emphasized a mechanistic and deterministic approach - assuming human sense organs functioned like machines - Neural Impulse: studied reaction times for sensory nerves in humans - demonstrated that speed of conduction was not instantaneous
Hermann von Helmholtz
psychoanalysis
dependent variable
abreaction
36. Stages of development - Stage 5 Fidelity - Identity vs. Role Confusion - Adolescent / 12 years till mid twenties. Questioning of self. Who am I - how do I fit in? Where am I going in life? Erikson believes that if the parents allow the child to exp
37. The quality of unselfish concern for the welfare of others
parietal lobe
etiology
displacement
altruism
38. Natural - opiatelike neurotransmitters linked to pain control and to pleasure
fixed ratio
neurotransmitter
shizophrenia
endorphins
39. Theory of child development included the Socratic method of questioning children by guiding them to reflect on their behavior. His emphasis on self-awareness and reflection has been adopted into school curricula and used to help students become criti
primary reinforcer
social psychologist
Jean Piaget
reciprocal determinism
40. In psychoanalytic theory - the basic defense mechanism that banishes from consciousness anxiety-arousing thoughts - feelings - and memories
Gordon Allport
Piaget's theory of child cognitive development 4 stages
Erik Erikson
Repression
41. Anti adrenaline - affects neurons involved in increased heart rate and the slowing of intestinal activity during stress - and neurons involved in learning - memory - dreaming - waking from sleep - and emotion. increase arousal and boost mood-scarce d
sympathetic nervous system
Abraham Maslow
central nervous system
nonrepinephrine
42. The state of being anonymous
anonymity
John Locke
retina
cross-sectional study
43. Founded by Hermann Ebbinghaus. displays retention of information and forgetting over time. conclusions to this were that most forgetting happens right after learning something. this was modified to that forgetting doesn't occur that quickly if the su
psychological science
Hermann von Helmholtz
forgetting curve
Ivan Pavlov
44. Behavioral approach - the attempt to relate overt (open to view or knowledge; not concealed or secret) responses to observable environmental stimuli (something that excites an organism or part to functional activity).
neurotransmitter
Erik Erikson
psychological science
Erik Erikson's
45. Classical conditioning. trained a dog to respond to the sound of a bell by pairing it up with food.
carl jung
Ivan Pavlov
retina
experimental research
46. Freud's theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts; the techniques used in treating psychological disorders by seeking to expose and interpret unconscious tensions
babinksi reflex
epinephrine
avoidance-avoidance conflict
psychoanalysis
47. 1896-1934; russian developmental psychologist who emphasized the role of the social environment on cognitive development and proposed the idea of zones of proximal development. GUIDED PARTICIPATION - Children's interaction with knowledgeable adults o
criterion validity
primary reinforcer
naturalistic observation
Lev Vygotsky
48. A study of an individual unit - as a person - family - or social group - usually emphasizing developmental issues and relationships with the environment - especially in order to compare a larger group to the individual unit.
fixed ratio
case study
participant observation
opponent-process theory
49. Observing subjects in their natural environment with no attempts at intervention on the part of the researcher.
Meyer Friedman
naturalistic observation
drive reduction
etiology
50. A psychologist who uses psychological concepts to make the workplace a more satisfying environment for employees and managers
corticosteriods
industrial-organizational psychologist
avoidance-avoidance conflict
growth hormone