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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Intro To Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The denial of any power or moral value superior to that of humanity; the rejection of religion in favour of a belief in the advancement of humanity by its own efforts
John Bowlby
Humanism
Erik Erikson's
Erik Erikson's
2. A neurotransmitter that enables learning and memory and also triggers muscle contraction. - lack of production is linked to Alzheimer's
dopamine
variable ratio
Meyer Friedman
acetylcholine
3. Theory of child development included the Socratic method of questioning children by guiding them to reflect on their behavior. His emphasis on self-awareness and reflection has been adopted into school curricula and used to help students become criti
cross-sectional study
introspection
Jean Piaget
case study
4. Present evidence to support your claims
argument by evidence
proactive interference
Meyer Friedman
altruism
5. The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied
Gordon Allport
placebo effect
industrial-organizational psychologist
independent variable
6. The portion of the vertebrate nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord that perceives - gathers - interprets - and records incoming sensory information and also sends out communication destined for muscles - glands and internal organs s
significant psychological research
central nervous system
displacement
placebo effect
7. Theory set forth by psychologist Albert Bandura that a person's behavior both influences and is influenced by personal factors and the social environment
reciprocal determinism
Erik Erikson's
differentiation
Lawrence Kohlberg
8. An innately reinforcing stimulus - such as one that satisfies a biological need
primary reinforcer
Abraham Maslow
Sigmund Freud
proactive interference
9. The division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body's skeletal muscles. Also called the skeletal nervous system
dependent variable
Humanism
negative punishment
somatic nervous system
10. A 'SNAPSHOT' of a phenomenon such as cancer rate. a number of variables affect one another in a single point in time.
cross-sectional study
synaptic cleft
ACTH
correlation
11. Severe mental illness characterized by auditory hallucinations - paranoia and an inability to distinguish reality from fiction
shizophrenia
central nervous system
altruism
primary reinforcer
12. (psychology) a stimulus that strengthens or weakens the behavior that produced it
Wilhelm Wundt
Stages of Moral Development
empirical evidence
reinforcer
13. Observation or examination of one's own mental and emotional state - mental processes - etc.; the act of looking within oneself.
algorithm
experimental research
Piaget's theory of child cognitive development 4 stages
introspection
14. The division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body - conserving its energy.
reciprocal determinism
psychodynamic
parasympathetic nervous system
etiology
15. Substance secreted by the anterior pituitary; controls size of an individual by promoting cell division - protein synthesis - and bone growth
growth hormone
somatization
biology
Wilhelm Wundt
16. A process by which repressed material - particularly a painful experience or conflict is brought back to consciousness - in this process the person not only recalls - but also relived the repressed material - which is accompained by the appropriate a
abreaction
nonrepinephrine
Erik Erikson's
neofreudian
17. A negative condition is introduced to reduce a behavior.
behavior
negative punishment
sympathetic nervous system
Erik Erikson's
18. Abbreviation for computerized axial tomography - uses a computer and a rotating x-ray device to create detailed - cross-sectional images - or slices - of organs and body parts
displacement
Anna Freud
oxytocin
CAT scan
19. State whereby a victim forms an emotional attachment to their captors.
Stockholm syndrome
experimental psychologist
carl jung
neofreudian
20. Stages of development - Stage 5 Fidelity - Identity vs. Role Confusion - Adolescent / 12 years till mid twenties. Questioning of self. Who am I - how do I fit in? Where am I going in life? Erikson believes that if the parents allow the child to exp
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21. The process through which the body absorbs social stress and manifests symptoms of suffering; also called embodiment
significant psychological research
somatization
opponent-process theory
cognitive
22. Stages of development - Stage 4 Competence - Industry vs. Inferiority - School-age / 6-11. Child comparing self worth to others (such as in a classroom environment). Child can recognize major disparities in personal abilities relative to other chil
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23. Observing subjects in their natural environment with no attempts at intervention on the part of the researcher.
primary reinforcer
naturalistic observation
displacement
acetylcholine
24. The extent to which data collected from a sample can be generalized to the entire population.
Sigmund Freud
differentiation
participant observation
external validity
25. Stages of development - Stage 6 Love (in intimate relationships - work and family) - Intimacy vs. Isolation - Young adult / mid twenties till early forties. Who do I want to be with or date - what am I going to do with my life? Will I settle down?
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26. The science or study of the origin - development - organization - and functioning of human society; the science of the fundamental laws of social relations - institutions - etc.
sociology
Psychoneuroimmunology or PNI
biology
occipital lobe
27. Portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the back of the head; visual areas
forgetting curve
Stockholm syndrome
Erik Erikson's
occipital lobe
28. Part of the cerebral cortex; coordinates messages from other cerebral lobes; involved in complex problem-solving tasks - thinking - self-control - judgment - emotion regulation - personality affects - concentration - goal directed behavior; restructu
babinksi reflex
somatic nervous system
argument by evidence
frontal lobe
29. A psychologist who uses psychological concepts to make the workplace a more satisfying environment for employees and managers
industrial-organizational psychologist
performance goals
introspection
cortisol
30. A systematic method of deriving conclusions that cannot be false when the premises are true - esp one amenable to formalization and study by the science of logic
deduction
displacement
sociology
Meyer Friedman
31. Any of several chemical substances - as epinephrine or acetylcholine - that transmit nerve impulses across a synapse to a postsynaptic element - as another nerve - muscle - or gland.
limbic system
neurotransmitter
Albert Bandura
internal validity
32. In psychoanalytic theory - the basic defense mechanism that banishes from consciousness anxiety-arousing thoughts - feelings - and memories
Repression
neuroscientist
growth hormone
Lawrence Kohlberg
33. Three facets: intimacy - commitment - and passion.
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34. The appearance of things relative to one another as determined by their distance from the viewer
Erik Erikson
Parietal lobe
linear perspective
accomodation
35. Images are flashed to the left visual fields (therefore the right hemisphere) and individual cannot name object - but can locate it. Images are flashed to the right visual fields (therefore the left hemisphere) and individual can name object.
synaptic cleft
limbic system
split brain study
semantic memory
36. Theory states that the acquisitiion of new knowledge and behaviors is central to human development. Was a pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. he is famous fo
Three phases of memory process
humanistic
B.F. Skinner
Parietal lobe
37. Sensorimotor - birth to language - Preoperational - 2-7 - Concrete Operational - 7 - 11 - Formal Operational 11 - Adult Abstract Thoughts
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38. Maslow's pyramid of human needs - beginning at the base with physiological needs that must first be satisfied before higher-level safety needs and then psychological needs become active - Maslow's Theory of Motivation which states that we must achiev
displacement
Hermann von Helmholtz
hierarchy of needs
functionalism
39. Behavioral approach - the attempt to relate overt (open to view or knowledge; not concealed or secret) responses to observable environmental stimuli (something that excites an organism or part to functional activity).
opponent-process theory
introspection
psychological science
algorithm
40. Portion posterior to the frontal lobe - responsible for sensations such as pain - temperature - and touch
Wilhelm Wundt
shizophrenia
accomodation
parietal lobe
41. Reciprocal action - effect - or influence.
cross-sectional study
interaction
case study
participant observation
42. Stages of development - Stage 8 Wisdom - Ego Integrity vs. Despair - old age / from mid sixties. Some handle death well. Some can be bitter - unhappy - and/or dissatisfied with what they have accomplished or failed to accomplish within their lifetim
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43. Stages of development - Stage 1 Hope - Basic Trust vs. Mistrust - Infant stage / 0-1 year. Does the child believe its caregivers to be reliable?
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44. ENCODE - STORE - RETRIEVE
Three phases of memory process
Hermann Ebbinghaus
Hermann von Helmholtz
independent variable
45. Study of the brain interested in the biological bases of human disorders such as Parkinson's and Huntington's. Neuroscience is a branch of research that is concerned with the underlying physical changes that accompany brain disorders
empirical evidence
split brain study
neuroscientist
Erik Erikson's
46. A theory of personality that emphasizes free will and human agency in directing personal behavior. the doctrine emphasizing a person's capacity for self-realization through reason
oxytocin
fovea
interaction
Humanism
47. A school of psychology that focused on how mental and behavioral processes function - how they enable the organism to adapt - survive - and flourish.
neuroscientist
parietal lobe
central nervous system
functionalism
48. Physiological needs drive an organism to act in either random or habitual ways
Three phases of memory process
drive reduction
reciprocal determinism
nonrepinephrine
49. The part of declarative memory that stores general information such as names and facts.
synaptic cleft
significant psychological research
fovea
semantic memory
50. The first person to study memory scientifically and systematically; used nonsense syllables and recorded how many times he had to study a list to remember it well
drive reduction
clinical psychologist
Abraham Maslow
Hermann Ebbinghaus