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CLEP Intro To Psychology

Subjects : clep, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The denial of any power or moral value superior to that of humanity; the rejection of religion in favour of a belief in the advancement of humanity by its own efforts






2. Present evidence to support your claims






3. The science or study of the origin - development - organization - and functioning of human society; the science of the fundamental laws of social relations - institutions - etc.






4. The adjustment of one's schemas to include newly observed events and experiences






5. Inferences are said to possess internal validity if a causal relation between two variables is properly demonstrated.






6. The part of declarative memory that stores general information such as names and facts.






7. Freud's theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts; the techniques used in treating psychological disorders by seeking to expose and interpret unconscious tensions






8. Of or pertaining to the mental processes of perception - memory - judgment - and reasoning - as contrasted with emotional and volitional processes






9. In psychoanalytic theory - the basic defense mechanism that banishes from consciousness anxiety-arousing thoughts - feelings - and memories






10. Considered the Father of modern psychology; study of mental processes - introspection - and self-exam; established the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig - Germany






11. Stages of development - Stage 2 Will - Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt - Toddler stage / 1-3 years. Child needs to learn to explore the world. Bad if the parent is too smothering or completely neglectful.


12. The extent to which data collected from a sample can be generalized to the entire population.






13. English empiricist philosopher who believed that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience (1632-1704)






14. Focused on child psychoanalysis - fully developed defense mechanisms - emphasized importance of the ego and its constant struggle






15. Austrian neurologist who originated psychoanalysis (1856-1939); Said that human behavior is irrational; behavior is the outcome of conflict between the id (irrational unconscious driven by sexual - aggressive - and pleasure-seeking desires) and ego (






16. The appearance of things relative to one another as determined by their distance from the viewer






17. A neurotransmitter that enables learning and memory and also triggers muscle contraction. - lack of production is linked to Alzheimer's






18. A mutual or reciprocal relationship between two or more things






19. Part of the cerebral cortex; coordinates messages from other cerebral lobes; involved in complex problem-solving tasks - thinking - self-control - judgment - emotion regulation - personality affects - concentration - goal directed behavior; restructu






20. Accepted Freud's basic ideas - but doubted sex was all-consuming and gave more credit to consciousness and childhood






21. The first person to study memory scientifically and systematically; used nonsense syllables and recorded how many times he had to study a list to remember it well






22. A microscopic gap between the terminal button of one neuron and the cell membrane of another neuron






23. Adrenaline; activates a sympathetic nervous system by making the heart beat faster - stopping digestion - enlarging pupils - sending sugar into the bloodstream - preparing a blood clot faster






24. A methodical - logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem






25. Anti adrenaline - affects neurons involved in increased heart rate and the slowing of intestinal activity during stress - and neurons involved in learning - memory - dreaming - waking from sleep - and emotion. increase arousal and boost mood-scarce d






26. A process by which repressed material - particularly a painful experience or conflict is brought back to consciousness - in this process the person not only recalls - but also relived the repressed material - which is accompained by the appropriate a






27. State whereby a victim forms an emotional attachment to their captors.






28. (psychology) a stimulus that strengthens or weakens the behavior that produced it






29. The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied






30. Substance secreted by the anterior pituitary; controls size of an individual by promoting cell division - protein synthesis - and bone growth






31. The central focal point in the retina - around which the eye's cones cluster






32. 1896-1934; russian developmental psychologist who emphasized the role of the social environment on cognitive development and proposed the idea of zones of proximal development. GUIDED PARTICIPATION - Children's interaction with knowledgeable adults o






33. The process through which the body absorbs social stress and manifests symptoms of suffering; also called embodiment






34. Observing subjects in their natural environment with no attempts at intervention on the part of the researcher.






35. A schedule where reinforcement happens after a changing number of responses. Example gambling or sales






36. Helps the body process new information by adapting to old stimuli and making space for new ones






37. Study of the brain interested in the biological bases of human disorders such as Parkinson's and Huntington's. Neuroscience is a branch of research that is concerned with the underlying physical changes that accompany brain disorders






38. Goals framed in terms of increasing ones competence and skills






39. A study of an individual unit - as a person - family - or social group - usually emphasizing developmental issues and relationships with the environment - especially in order to compare a larger group to the individual unit.






40. The aggregate (sum or assemblage of many separate units; sum total) of responses to internal and external stimuli.






41. Physiological needs drive an organism to act in either random or habitual ways






42. Theory set forth by psychologist Albert Bandura that a person's behavior both influences and is influenced by personal factors and the social environment






43. One of the earliest psychologists in America who undertook a rigorous and structures approach to studying personality. He identified the idiographic and nomothetic views to personality.






44. Observation or examination of one's own mental and emotional state - mental processes - etc.; the act of looking within oneself.






45. Research in which the same people are restudied and retested over a long period






46. Level 1 (Pre-Conventional) 1. Obedience and punishment orientation (How can I avoid punishment?) 2. Self-interest orientation (What's in it for me? Paying for a benefit.) - Level 2 (Conventional) 3. Interpersonal accord and conformity (Social norms -






47. Neo-Freudian - humanistic; 8 psychosocial stages of development: theory shows how people evolve through the life span. Each stage is marked by a psychological crisis that involves confronting 'Who am I?'






48. The 'little brain' attached to the rear of the brainstem; its functions include processing sensory input and coordinating movement output and balance






49. Founder of functionalism; studied how humans use perception to function in our environment; wrote first psychology textbook - The Principles of Psychology






50. Describes a schedule of reinforcement wherein a worker is paid for a certain sum for each product produced