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CLEP Intro To Psychology

Subjects : clep, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Maslow's pyramid of human needs - beginning at the base with physiological needs that must first be satisfied before higher-level safety needs and then psychological needs become active - Maslow's Theory of Motivation which states that we must achiev






2. The adjustment of one's schemas to include newly observed events and experiences






3. Created the Stages of Moral Development - relied for his studies on stories such as the Heinz dilemma - and was interested in how individuals would justify their actions if placed in similar moral dilemmas






4. Physiological needs drive an organism to act in either random or habitual ways






5. Goals framed in terms of increasing ones competence and skills






6. (psychiatry) a defense mechanism that transfers affect or reaction from the original object to some more acceptable one






7. The study of the relationships among psychology - the nervous and endocrine systems - and the immune system.






8. Neurotransmitter that influences voluntary movement - attention - alertness; lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson's disease; too much is linked with schizophrenia






9. ENCODE - STORE - RETRIEVE






10. It is a collection of research designs which use manipulation and controlled testing to understand causal processes. Generally - one or more variables are manipulated to determine their effect on a dependent variable






11. The division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body's skeletal muscles. Also called the skeletal nervous system






12. English empiricist philosopher who believed that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience (1632-1704)






13. Describes a schedule of reinforcement wherein a worker is paid for a certain sum for each product produced






14. Reciprocal action - effect - or influence.






15. A neurotransmitter that enables learning and memory and also triggers muscle contraction. - lack of production is linked to Alzheimer's






16. The scientific study of how we think about - influence - and relate to one another






17. Stages of development - Stage 1 Hope - Basic Trust vs. Mistrust - Infant stage / 0-1 year. Does the child believe its caregivers to be reliable?

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18. Research in which the same people are restudied and retested over a long period






19. Stages of development - Stage 6 Love (in intimate relationships - work and family) - Intimacy vs. Isolation - Young adult / mid twenties till early forties. Who do I want to be with or date - what am I going to do with my life? Will I settle down?

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20. Personal Construct Psychology. investigative technique - which would remove the influence of the observer's frame of reference on what was observed. he believed (personal construct theory) our personality consists of our thoughts about ourselves - in






21. Attachment theory -






22. The division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body - conserving its energy.






23. Study of the brain interested in the biological bases of human disorders such as Parkinson's and Huntington's. Neuroscience is a branch of research that is concerned with the underlying physical changes that accompany brain disorders






24. Founder of functionalism; studied how humans use perception to function in our environment; wrote first psychology textbook - The Principles of Psychology






25. Founded by Hermann Ebbinghaus. displays retention of information and forgetting over time. conclusions to this were that most forgetting happens right after learning something. this was modified to that forgetting doesn't occur that quickly if the su






26. Portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the back of the head; visual areas






27. The light-sensitive inner surface of the eye - containing the receptor rods and cones plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual information






28. (1821-1894) Emphasized a mechanistic and deterministic approach - assuming human sense organs functioned like machines - Neural Impulse: studied reaction times for sensory nerves in humans - demonstrated that speed of conduction was not instantaneous






29. A study of an individual unit - as a person - family - or social group - usually emphasizing developmental issues and relationships with the environment - especially in order to compare a larger group to the individual unit.






30. The central focal point in the retina - around which the eye's cones cluster






31. Process in which cells become specialized in structure and function.






32. Mental categories that help our brains group objects that have common properties.






33. Adrenocorticotropic hormone - produced by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the adrenal cortex regulates the production of cortisol(steriod hormone) from anterior pituitary






34. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation






35. Natural - opiatelike neurotransmitters linked to pain control and to pleasure






36. In psychoanalytic theory - the basic defense mechanism that banishes from consciousness anxiety-arousing thoughts - feelings - and memories






37. Adrenal glands secerets this to activate various organs that results in a phyiscal stress response






38. Stages of development - Stage 8 Wisdom - Ego Integrity vs. Despair - old age / from mid sixties. Some handle death well. Some can be bitter - unhappy - and/or dissatisfied with what they have accomplished or failed to accomplish within their lifetim

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39. The outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of the independent variable






40. A schedule where reinforcement happens after a changing number of responses. Example gambling or sales






41. Considered the Father of modern psychology; study of mental processes - introspection - and self-exam; established the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig - Germany






42. Observation or examination of one's own mental and emotional state - mental processes - etc.; the act of looking within oneself.






43. Neo-Freudian - humanistic; 8 psychosocial stages of development: theory shows how people evolve through the life span. Each stage is marked by a psychological crisis that involves confronting 'Who am I?'






44. The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied






45. The science or study of the origin - development - organization - and functioning of human society; the science of the fundamental laws of social relations - institutions - etc.






46. Stages of development - Stage 7 Caring - Generativity vs. Stagnation - early forties till mid sixties / starts as the Mid-life crisis. Measure accomplishments/failures. Am I satisfied or not? The need to assist the younger generation. Stagnation is

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47. The quality of unselfish concern for the welfare of others






48. The appearance of things relative to one another as determined by their distance from the viewer






49. It adopts a holistic approach to human existence through investigations of meaning - values - freedom - tragedy - personal responsibility - human potential - spirituality - and self-actualization






50. The lowest level of stimulation that a person can detect