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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Intro To Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The process through which the body absorbs social stress and manifests symptoms of suffering; also called embodiment
somatization
carl jung
nonrepinephrine
Stockholm syndrome
2. Stages of development - Stage 3 Purpose - Initiative vs. Guilt - Preschool / 3-6 years - Can the child plan or do things on his own - such as dress him or herself. If 'guilty' about making his or her own choices - the child will not function well. E
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3. How the memory processes information - long term memory - short term memory - sensory information
information processing theory
Erik Erikson's
experimental psychologist
William James
4. The adjustment of one's schemas to include newly observed events and experiences
behavior
parietal lobe
accomodation
external validity
5. Physiological needs drive an organism to act in either random or habitual ways
John Bowlby
argument by evidence
drive reduction
information processing theory
6. The light-sensitive inner surface of the eye - containing the receptor rods and cones plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual information
introspection
biology
retina
drive reduction
7. A study of an individual unit - as a person - family - or social group - usually emphasizing developmental issues and relationships with the environment - especially in order to compare a larger group to the individual unit.
participant observation
case study
biology
Parietal lobe
8. Level 1 (Pre-Conventional) 1. Obedience and punishment orientation (How can I avoid punishment?) 2. Self-interest orientation (What's in it for me? Paying for a benefit.) - Level 2 (Conventional) 3. Interpersonal accord and conformity (Social norms -
synaptic cleft
etiology
Stages of Moral Development
longitudinal study
9. Attachment theory -
John Bowlby
dependent variable
Sternberg's triangular view
Erik Erikson
10. Helps the body process new information by adapting to old stimuli and making space for new ones
sensory adaptation
somatic nervous system
accomodation
Hermann Ebbinghaus
11. Conflict that results from having to choose between two distasteful alternatives
occipital lobe
avoidance-avoidance conflict
corticosteriods
Erik Erikson's
12. Austrian neurologist who originated psychoanalysis (1856-1939); Said that human behavior is irrational; behavior is the outcome of conflict between the id (irrational unconscious driven by sexual - aggressive - and pleasure-seeking desires) and ego (
external validity
carl jung
Abraham Maslow
Sigmund Freud
13. A theory of personality that emphasizes free will and human agency in directing personal behavior. the doctrine emphasizing a person's capacity for self-realization through reason
argument by evidence
Humanism
empirical evidence
neurotransmitter
14. Images are flashed to the left visual fields (therefore the right hemisphere) and individual cannot name object - but can locate it. Images are flashed to the right visual fields (therefore the left hemisphere) and individual can name object.
Humanism
split brain study
avoidance-avoidance conflict
naturalistic observation
15. Classical conditioning. trained a dog to respond to the sound of a bell by pairing it up with food.
William James
external validity
Ivan Pavlov
Erik Erikson's
16. Theory set forth by psychologist Albert Bandura that a person's behavior both influences and is influenced by personal factors and the social environment
reciprocal determinism
etiology
introspection
central nervous system
17. Secreted from the adrenal cortex - aids the body during stress by increasing glucose levels
dependent variable
introspection
cortisol
Gordon Allport
18. Part of the cerebral cortex; coordinates messages from other cerebral lobes; involved in complex problem-solving tasks - thinking - self-control - judgment - emotion regulation - personality affects - concentration - goal directed behavior; restructu
semantic memory
frontal lobe
introspection
concept
19. ENCODE - STORE - RETRIEVE
Jean Piaget
industrial-organizational psychologist
performance goals
Three phases of memory process
20. Portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the back of the head; visual areas
occipital lobe
functional MRI
secondary reinforcer
Three phases of memory process
21. The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied
acetylcholine
independent variable
fovea
ACTH
22. Maslow's pyramid of human needs - beginning at the base with physiological needs that must first be satisfied before higher-level safety needs and then psychological needs become active - Maslow's Theory of Motivation which states that we must achiev
cognitive
clinical psychologist
psychoanalysis
hierarchy of needs
23. Any reinforcer that becomes reinforcing after being paired with a primary reinforcer - such as praise - tokens - or gold stars
secondary reinforcer
Piaget's theory of child cognitive development 4 stages
CAT scan
placebo effect
24. Technique of field research - used in anthropology and sociology - by which an investigator (participant observer) studies the life of a group by sharing in its activities
participant observation
shizophrenia
Sternberg's triangular view
experimental psychologist
25. A hormone released by the pituitary gland of the brain during childbirth - breastfeeding - and intercourse - causing emotional bonding between persons in whom it is released
internal validity
oxytocin
neofreudian
Erik Erikson
26. The science of life or living matter in all its forms and phenomena - especially with reference to origin - growth - reproduction - structure - and behavior.
oxytocin
biology
primary reinforcer
algorithm
27. (1821-1894) Emphasized a mechanistic and deterministic approach - assuming human sense organs functioned like machines - Neural Impulse: studied reaction times for sensory nerves in humans - demonstrated that speed of conduction was not instantaneous
Erik Erikson's
Hermann von Helmholtz
retina
nonrepinephrine
28. Situation in which previously learned information hinders the recall of information learned more recently
performance goals
proactive interference
concept
Repression
29. Portion behind to the frontal lobe - responsible for sensations such as pain - temperature - and touch
somatization
Parietal lobe
semantic memory
case study
30. Personal Construct Psychology. investigative technique - which would remove the influence of the observer's frame of reference on what was observed. he believed (personal construct theory) our personality consists of our thoughts about ourselves - in
forgetting curve
babinksi reflex
Lev Vygotsky
George Kelly
31. It adopts a holistic approach to human existence through investigations of meaning - values - freedom - tragedy - personal responsibility - human potential - spirituality - and self-actualization
Ivan Pavlov
naturalistic observation
neofreudian
humanistic
32. The 'little brain' attached to the rear of the brainstem; its functions include processing sensory input and coordinating movement output and balance
ACTH
cross-sectional study
interaction
cerebellum
33. The science or study of the origin - development - organization - and functioning of human society; the science of the fundamental laws of social relations - institutions - etc.
psychoanalysis
sociology
forgetting curve
John Bowlby
34. Stages of development - Stage 7 Caring - Generativity vs. Stagnation - early forties till mid sixties / starts as the Mid-life crisis. Measure accomplishments/failures. Am I satisfied or not? The need to assist the younger generation. Stagnation is
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35. Stages of development - Stage 8 Wisdom - Ego Integrity vs. Despair - old age / from mid sixties. Some handle death well. Some can be bitter - unhappy - and/or dissatisfied with what they have accomplished or failed to accomplish within their lifetim
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36. The cause of a disease
deduction
Erik Erikson's
internal validity
etiology
37. Created the 'hierarchy of needs -'--physiological needs - safety & security - love & belonging - self-esteem - self-actualization.
case study
drive reduction
Abraham Maslow
CAT scan
38. A methodical - logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem
Three phases of memory process
primary reinforcer
Humanism
algorithm
39. Stages of development - Stage 6 Love (in intimate relationships - work and family) - Intimacy vs. Isolation - Young adult / mid twenties till early forties. Who do I want to be with or date - what am I going to do with my life? Will I settle down?
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40. The part of declarative memory that stores general information such as names and facts.
altruism
humanistic
Erik Erikson
semantic memory
41. Stages of development - Stage 2 Will - Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt - Toddler stage / 1-3 years. Child needs to learn to explore the world. Bad if the parent is too smothering or completely neglectful.
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42. A process by which repressed material - particularly a painful experience or conflict is brought back to consciousness - in this process the person not only recalls - but also relived the repressed material - which is accompained by the appropriate a
proactive interference
deduction
cerebellum
abreaction
43. A mutual or reciprocal relationship between two or more things
catecholamines
correlation
information processing theory
mastery goals
44. Founded by Hermann Ebbinghaus. displays retention of information and forgetting over time. conclusions to this were that most forgetting happens right after learning something. this was modified to that forgetting doesn't occur that quickly if the su
forgetting curve
primary reinforcer
negative punishment
neofreudian
45. The outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of the independent variable
neurotransmitter
dependent variable
displacement
psychodynamic
46. Reciprocal action - effect - or influence.
correlation
Gordon Allport
Anna Freud
interaction
47. The quality of unselfish concern for the welfare of others
fixed ratio
reciprocal determinism
altruism
REM sleep
48. The science that deals with the origins - physical and cultural development - biological characteristics - and social customs and beliefs of humankind.
Lev Vygotsky
Three phases of memory process
absolute threshold
anthropology
49. (psychology) a stimulus that strengthens or weakens the behavior that produced it
reinforcer
endorphins
hierarchy of needs
anonymity
50. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation
carl jung
dopamine
limbic system
anthropology