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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Intro To Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Pioneer in observational learning (AKA social learning) - stated that people profit from the mistakes/successes of others; Studies: Bobo Dolls-adults demonstrated 'appropriate' play with dolls - children mimicked play
functionalism
occipital lobe
linear perspective
Albert Bandura
2. The science or study of the origin - development - organization - and functioning of human society; the science of the fundamental laws of social relations - institutions - etc.
industrial-organizational psychologist
sociology
criterion validity
Meyer Friedman
3. The extent to which data collected from a sample can be generalized to the entire population.
external validity
Sigmund Freud
Erik Erikson's
displacement
4. A psychologist who uses psychological concepts to make the workplace a more satisfying environment for employees and managers
neofreudian
Erik Erikson's
case study
industrial-organizational psychologist
5. Stages of development - Stage 3 Purpose - Initiative vs. Guilt - Preschool / 3-6 years - Can the child plan or do things on his own - such as dress him or herself. If 'guilty' about making his or her own choices - the child will not function well. E
6. The outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of the independent variable
dependent variable
Albert Bandura
Stages of Moral Development
Wilhelm Wundt
7. Freud's theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts; the techniques used in treating psychological disorders by seeking to expose and interpret unconscious tensions
carl jung
displacement
psychoanalysis
Abraham Maslow
8. Neurotransmitter that influences voluntary movement - attention - alertness; lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson's disease; too much is linked with schizophrenia
John Bowlby
Stages of Moral Development
proactive interference
dopamine
9. Allows researchers to scan areas of the brain while a participant performs a physical or cognitive task
functional MRI
secondary reinforcer
growth hormone
Erik Erikson
10. Attachment theory -
frontal lobe
argument by evidence
humanistic
John Bowlby
11. State whereby a victim forms an emotional attachment to their captors.
Stockholm syndrome
case study
Wilhelm Wundt
catecholamines
12. Process in which cells become specialized in structure and function.
neurotransmitter
Hermann Ebbinghaus
differentiation
Parietal lobe
13. A doughnut-shaped system of neural structures at the border of the brainstem and cerebral hemispheres; associated with emotions such as fear and aggression and drives such as those for food and sex. Includes the hippocampus - amygdala - and hypothala
limbic system
variable ratio
Erik Erikson's
occipital lobe
14. Rapid low-amplitude waves. less prevalent in adults
fovea
Erik Erikson's
functional MRI
REM sleep
15. Stages of development - Stage 7 Caring - Generativity vs. Stagnation - early forties till mid sixties / starts as the Mid-life crisis. Measure accomplishments/failures. Am I satisfied or not? The need to assist the younger generation. Stagnation is
16. Three facets: intimacy - commitment - and passion.
17. The scientific study of how we think about - influence - and relate to one another
social psychologist
Parietal lobe
information processing theory
avoidance-avoidance conflict
18. The adjustment of one's schemas to include newly observed events and experiences
neofreudian
accomodation
John Bowlby
ACTH
19. A mutual or reciprocal relationship between two or more things
information processing theory
Parietal lobe
case study
correlation
20. A microscopic gap between the terminal button of one neuron and the cell membrane of another neuron
Sternberg's triangular view
somatization
anonymity
synaptic cleft
21. Classical conditioning. trained a dog to respond to the sound of a bell by pairing it up with food.
Lev Vygotsky
Erik Erikson's
Ivan Pavlov
central nervous system
22. Observing subjects in their natural environment with no attempts at intervention on the part of the researcher.
anonymity
Humanism
naturalistic observation
experimental psychologist
23. A schedule where reinforcement happens after a changing number of responses. Example gambling or sales
fixed ratio
information processing theory
variable ratio
Erik Erikson's
24. Stroke bottom of the foot up and across by the toes and the toes fan out
Three phases of memory process
dependent variable
babinksi reflex
participant observation
25. 1896-1934; russian developmental psychologist who emphasized the role of the social environment on cognitive development and proposed the idea of zones of proximal development. GUIDED PARTICIPATION - Children's interaction with knowledgeable adults o
Lev Vygotsky
Three phases of memory process
correlation
Erik Erikson's
26. Austrian neurologist who originated psychoanalysis (1856-1939); Said that human behavior is irrational; behavior is the outcome of conflict between the id (irrational unconscious driven by sexual - aggressive - and pleasure-seeking desires) and ego (
Sigmund Freud
ACTH
John Bowlby
central nervous system
27. Mental categories that help our brains group objects that have common properties.
cortisol
George Kelly
concept
sensory adaptation
28. A measure of how well the variables of one test (could be personality) measure the same things as the variables of a similar test.
criterion validity
parasympathetic nervous system
dependent variable
Sigmund Freud
29. Act on the immune system to suppress the body's response to infection or trauma. Relieve inflammation - reduce swelling - and suppress symptoms in acute conditions
accomodation
Gordon Allport
corticosteriods
occipital lobe
30. Adrenaline; activates a sympathetic nervous system by making the heart beat faster - stopping digestion - enlarging pupils - sending sugar into the bloodstream - preparing a blood clot faster
psychoanalysis
argument by evidence
epinephrine
Erik Erikson's
31. Created the 'hierarchy of needs -'--physiological needs - safety & security - love & belonging - self-esteem - self-actualization.
Erik Erikson's
Abraham Maslow
behavior
anonymity
32. Experimental results caused by expectations alone; any effect on behavior caused by the administration of an inert substance or condition - which is assumed to be an active agent
Jean Piaget
neofreudian
longitudinal study
placebo effect
33. Maslow's pyramid of human needs - beginning at the base with physiological needs that must first be satisfied before higher-level safety needs and then psychological needs become active - Maslow's Theory of Motivation which states that we must achiev
parietal lobe
independent variable
hierarchy of needs
Gordon Allport
34. ENCODE - STORE - RETRIEVE
significant psychological research
absolute threshold
Three phases of memory process
primary reinforcer
35. Substance secreted by the anterior pituitary; controls size of an individual by promoting cell division - protein synthesis - and bone growth
retina
reciprocal determinism
growth hormone
psychodynamic
36. Sensorimotor - birth to language - Preoperational - 2-7 - Concrete Operational - 7 - 11 - Formal Operational 11 - Adult Abstract Thoughts
37. Present evidence to support your claims
reciprocal determinism
limbic system
argument by evidence
somatic nervous system
38. Of or pertaining to the mental processes of perception - memory - judgment - and reasoning - as contrasted with emotional and volitional processes
reinforcer
cognitive
argument by evidence
Erik Erikson's
39. A hormone released by the pituitary gland of the brain during childbirth - breastfeeding - and intercourse - causing emotional bonding between persons in whom it is released
variable ratio
experimental research
catecholamines
oxytocin
40. A school of psychology that focused on how mental and behavioral processes function - how they enable the organism to adapt - survive - and flourish.
experimental psychologist
behavior
shizophrenia
functionalism
41. The science of life or living matter in all its forms and phenomena - especially with reference to origin - growth - reproduction - structure - and behavior.
primary reinforcer
case study
fixed ratio
biology
42. A methodical - logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem
algorithm
opponent-process theory
industrial-organizational psychologist
Erik Erikson's
43. Reciprocal action - effect - or influence.
interaction
Erik Erikson's
Gordon Allport
synaptic cleft
44. Stages of development - Stage 6 Love (in intimate relationships - work and family) - Intimacy vs. Isolation - Young adult / mid twenties till early forties. Who do I want to be with or date - what am I going to do with my life? Will I settle down?
45. Research in which the same people are restudied and retested over a long period
psychoanalysis
algorithm
longitudinal study
frontal lobe
46. A process by which repressed material - particularly a painful experience or conflict is brought back to consciousness - in this process the person not only recalls - but also relived the repressed material - which is accompained by the appropriate a
displacement
abreaction
hierarchy of needs
accomodation
47. The denial of any power or moral value superior to that of humanity; the rejection of religion in favour of a belief in the advancement of humanity by its own efforts
functionalism
correlation
dependent variable
Humanism
48. Images are flashed to the left visual fields (therefore the right hemisphere) and individual cannot name object - but can locate it. Images are flashed to the right visual fields (therefore the left hemisphere) and individual can name object.
split brain study
psychoanalysis
psychodynamic
Lev Vygotsky
49. Severe mental illness characterized by auditory hallucinations - paranoia and an inability to distinguish reality from fiction
nonrepinephrine
shizophrenia
psychodynamic
correlation
50. A neurotransmitter that enables learning and memory and also triggers muscle contraction. - lack of production is linked to Alzheimer's
hierarchy of needs
Three phases of memory process
variable ratio
acetylcholine