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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Intro To Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Experimental results caused by expectations alone; any effect on behavior caused by the administration of an inert substance or condition - which is assumed to be an active agent
Piaget's theory of child cognitive development 4 stages
concept
placebo effect
mastery goals
2. Rapid low-amplitude waves. less prevalent in adults
REM sleep
significant psychological research
semantic memory
avoidance-avoidance conflict
3. It adopts a holistic approach to human existence through investigations of meaning - values - freedom - tragedy - personal responsibility - human potential - spirituality - and self-actualization
Three phases of memory process
experimental psychologist
humanistic
secondary reinforcer
4. A hormone released by the pituitary gland of the brain during childbirth - breastfeeding - and intercourse - causing emotional bonding between persons in whom it is released
concept
displacement
Humanism
oxytocin
5. The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied
case study
argument by evidence
sensory adaptation
independent variable
6. Observing subjects in their natural environment with no attempts at intervention on the part of the researcher.
naturalistic observation
somatic nervous system
oxytocin
opponent-process theory
7. A mutual or reciprocal relationship between two or more things
acetylcholine
deduction
social psychologist
correlation
8. ENCODE - STORE - RETRIEVE
Three phases of memory process
secondary reinforcer
Erik Erikson's
avoidance-avoidance conflict
9. Present evidence to support your claims
argument by evidence
concept
dopamine
introspection
10. Behavioral approach - the attempt to relate overt (open to view or knowledge; not concealed or secret) responses to observable environmental stimuli (something that excites an organism or part to functional activity).
Jean Piaget
psychological science
Abraham Maslow
occipital lobe
11. A therapist who deals with mental and emotional disorders
Erik Erikson's
dependent variable
clinical psychologist
drive reduction
12. Technique of field research - used in anthropology and sociology - by which an investigator (participant observer) studies the life of a group by sharing in its activities
Stockholm syndrome
participant observation
differentiation
functional MRI
13. The scientific study of how we think about - influence - and relate to one another
mastery goals
performance goals
parasympathetic nervous system
social psychologist
14. The light-sensitive inner surface of the eye - containing the receptor rods and cones plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual information
hierarchy of needs
retina
Abraham Maslow
Parietal lobe
15. Founded by Hermann Ebbinghaus. displays retention of information and forgetting over time. conclusions to this were that most forgetting happens right after learning something. this was modified to that forgetting doesn't occur that quickly if the su
John Locke
Gordon Allport
forgetting curve
empirical evidence
16. Research in which the same people are restudied and retested over a long period
independent variable
longitudinal study
primary reinforcer
parietal lobe
17. Accepted Freud's basic ideas - but doubted sex was all-consuming and gave more credit to consciousness and childhood
Lev Vygotsky
neofreudian
Stockholm syndrome
altruism
18. The cause of a disease
criterion validity
Anna Freud
cognitive
etiology
19. (psychiatry) a defense mechanism that transfers affect or reaction from the original object to some more acceptable one
Sigmund Freud
displacement
semantic memory
variable ratio
20. The quality of unselfish concern for the welfare of others
Sigmund Freud
altruism
variable ratio
sympathetic nervous system
21. A psychologist who uses psychological concepts to make the workplace a more satisfying environment for employees and managers
Erik Erikson
sensory adaptation
Erik Erikson's
industrial-organizational psychologist
22. Sensorimotor - birth to language - Preoperational - 2-7 - Concrete Operational - 7 - 11 - Formal Operational 11 - Adult Abstract Thoughts
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23. Adrenal glands secerets this to activate various organs that results in a phyiscal stress response
neurotransmitter
Erik Erikson's
catecholamines
sensory adaptation
24. A measure of how well the variables of one test (could be personality) measure the same things as the variables of a similar test.
parietal lobe
experimental psychologist
criterion validity
Erik Erikson's
25. Considered the Father of modern psychology; study of mental processes - introspection - and self-exam; established the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig - Germany
Three phases of memory process
Erik Erikson's
fixed ratio
Wilhelm Wundt
26. Physiological needs drive an organism to act in either random or habitual ways
drive reduction
neurotransmitter
independent variable
Stages of Moral Development
27. The science that deals with the origins - physical and cultural development - biological characteristics - and social customs and beliefs of humankind.
forgetting curve
cross-sectional study
semantic memory
anthropology
28. A school of psychology that focused on how mental and behavioral processes function - how they enable the organism to adapt - survive - and flourish.
dopamine
cognitive
naturalistic observation
functionalism
29. Founder of functionalism; studied how humans use perception to function in our environment; wrote first psychology textbook - The Principles of Psychology
John Bowlby
William James
Erik Erikson's
Erik Erikson's
30. Of or pertaining to the mental processes of perception - memory - judgment - and reasoning - as contrasted with emotional and volitional processes
anonymity
cognitive
babinksi reflex
Lev Vygotsky
31. Allows researchers to scan areas of the brain while a participant performs a physical or cognitive task
functional MRI
epinephrine
internal validity
babinksi reflex
32. A 'SNAPSHOT' of a phenomenon such as cancer rate. a number of variables affect one another in a single point in time.
Meyer Friedman
cross-sectional study
avoidance-avoidance conflict
functionalism
33. Adrenaline; activates a sympathetic nervous system by making the heart beat faster - stopping digestion - enlarging pupils - sending sugar into the bloodstream - preparing a blood clot faster
Gordon Allport
Albert Bandura
growth hormone
epinephrine
34. A systematic method of deriving conclusions that cannot be false when the premises are true - esp one amenable to formalization and study by the science of logic
fixed ratio
carl jung
participant observation
deduction
35. A process by which repressed material - particularly a painful experience or conflict is brought back to consciousness - in this process the person not only recalls - but also relived the repressed material - which is accompained by the appropriate a
industrial-organizational psychologist
growth hormone
Abraham Maslow
abreaction
36. English empiricist philosopher who believed that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience (1632-1704)
behavior
experimental psychologist
John Locke
drive reduction
37. (1821-1894) Emphasized a mechanistic and deterministic approach - assuming human sense organs functioned like machines - Neural Impulse: studied reaction times for sensory nerves in humans - demonstrated that speed of conduction was not instantaneous
Wilhelm Wundt
Hermann Ebbinghaus
Hermann von Helmholtz
correlation
38. Any reinforcer that becomes reinforcing after being paired with a primary reinforcer - such as praise - tokens - or gold stars
cortisol
altruism
secondary reinforcer
experimental research
39. The science of life or living matter in all its forms and phenomena - especially with reference to origin - growth - reproduction - structure - and behavior.
deduction
psychodynamic
biology
Abraham Maslow
40. Attachment theory -
anthropology
limbic system
psychodynamic
John Bowlby
41. The denial of any power or moral value superior to that of humanity; the rejection of religion in favour of a belief in the advancement of humanity by its own efforts
Humanism
correlation
longitudinal study
growth hormone
42. A theory of personality that emphasizes free will and human agency in directing personal behavior. the doctrine emphasizing a person's capacity for self-realization through reason
algorithm
Humanism
external validity
neurotransmitter
43. Inferences are said to possess internal validity if a causal relation between two variables is properly demonstrated.
correlation
participant observation
internal validity
Erik Erikson's
44. An innately reinforcing stimulus - such as one that satisfies a biological need
cross-sectional study
primary reinforcer
acetylcholine
fovea
45. Conflict that results from having to choose between two distasteful alternatives
oxytocin
Albert Bandura
avoidance-avoidance conflict
psychodynamic
46. In psychoanalytic theory - the basic defense mechanism that banishes from consciousness anxiety-arousing thoughts - feelings - and memories
Repression
Gordon Allport
Erik Erikson's
Sternberg's triangular view
47. The division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body's skeletal muscles. Also called the skeletal nervous system
somatic nervous system
dependent variable
Erik Erikson's
neuroscientist
48. Portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the back of the head; visual areas
synaptic cleft
central nervous system
occipital lobe
humanistic
49. Any clinical approach to personality - as Freud's - that sees personality as the result of a dynamic interplay of conscious and unconscious factors.
functionalism
psychodynamic
drive reduction
Lev Vygotsky
50. Researcher who pioneered the development of type A (high achieving - multi-taskers who are always very stressed and in a hurry.) and type B (easy going relaxed and not always in a hurry.) personality types based on how well they respond to the multip
sensory adaptation
Meyer Friedman
fixed ratio
babinksi reflex