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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Intro To Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Theory states that the acquisitiion of new knowledge and behaviors is central to human development. Was a pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. he is famous fo
B.F. Skinner
REM sleep
Erik Erikson's
deduction
2. Abbreviation for computerized axial tomography - uses a computer and a rotating x-ray device to create detailed - cross-sectional images - or slices - of organs and body parts
variable ratio
CAT scan
Albert Bandura
industrial-organizational psychologist
3. Mental categories that help our brains group objects that have common properties.
information processing theory
fovea
endorphins
concept
4. The scientific study of how we think about - influence - and relate to one another
correlation
limbic system
social psychologist
William James
5. Personal Construct Psychology. investigative technique - which would remove the influence of the observer's frame of reference on what was observed. he believed (personal construct theory) our personality consists of our thoughts about ourselves - in
Erik Erikson's
psychological science
George Kelly
differentiation
6. Pioneer in observational learning (AKA social learning) - stated that people profit from the mistakes/successes of others; Studies: Bobo Dolls-adults demonstrated 'appropriate' play with dolls - children mimicked play
Albert Bandura
sympathetic nervous system
central nervous system
hierarchy of needs
7. The light-sensitive inner surface of the eye - containing the receptor rods and cones plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual information
carl jung
retina
dopamine
Erik Erikson
8. English empiricist philosopher who believed that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience (1632-1704)
etiology
Erik Erikson's
George Kelly
John Locke
9. Classical conditioning. trained a dog to respond to the sound of a bell by pairing it up with food.
neuroscientist
Humanism
cross-sectional study
Ivan Pavlov
10. Goals framed in terms of performing well in front of others - being judged favorably - and avoiding criticism
shizophrenia
performance goals
humanistic
correlation
11. A measure of how well the variables of one test (could be personality) measure the same things as the variables of a similar test.
psychoanalysis
criterion validity
cross-sectional study
fixed ratio
12. The lowest level of stimulation that a person can detect
anonymity
placebo effect
absolute threshold
linear perspective
13. Situation in which previously learned information hinders the recall of information learned more recently
proactive interference
information processing theory
parasympathetic nervous system
corticosteriods
14. Stages of development - Stage 8 Wisdom - Ego Integrity vs. Despair - old age / from mid sixties. Some handle death well. Some can be bitter - unhappy - and/or dissatisfied with what they have accomplished or failed to accomplish within their lifetim
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15. Severe mental illness characterized by auditory hallucinations - paranoia and an inability to distinguish reality from fiction
Three phases of memory process
absolute threshold
shizophrenia
B.F. Skinner
16. Adrenal glands secerets this to activate various organs that results in a phyiscal stress response
Piaget's theory of child cognitive development 4 stages
Erik Erikson's
catecholamines
placebo effect
17. A therapist who deals with mental and emotional disorders
clinical psychologist
reciprocal determinism
industrial-organizational psychologist
avoidance-avoidance conflict
18. Rapid low-amplitude waves. less prevalent in adults
William James
REM sleep
absolute threshold
behavior
19. (psychiatry) a defense mechanism that transfers affect or reaction from the original object to some more acceptable one
placebo effect
behavior
displacement
Gordon Allport
20. Stages of development - Stage 3 Purpose - Initiative vs. Guilt - Preschool / 3-6 years - Can the child plan or do things on his own - such as dress him or herself. If 'guilty' about making his or her own choices - the child will not function well. E
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21. A microscopic gap between the terminal button of one neuron and the cell membrane of another neuron
growth hormone
opponent-process theory
mastery goals
synaptic cleft
22. Stages of development - Stage 4 Competence - Industry vs. Inferiority - School-age / 6-11. Child comparing self worth to others (such as in a classroom environment). Child can recognize major disparities in personal abilities relative to other chil
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23. Freud's theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts; the techniques used in treating psychological disorders by seeking to expose and interpret unconscious tensions
psychoanalysis
epinephrine
Hermann Ebbinghaus
dependent variable
24. Study of the brain interested in the biological bases of human disorders such as Parkinson's and Huntington's. Neuroscience is a branch of research that is concerned with the underlying physical changes that accompany brain disorders
neuroscientist
secondary reinforcer
cortisol
Parietal lobe
25. The portion of the vertebrate nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord that perceives - gathers - interprets - and records incoming sensory information and also sends out communication destined for muscles - glands and internal organs s
central nervous system
growth hormone
longitudinal study
Three phases of memory process
26. Physiological needs drive an organism to act in either random or habitual ways
Jean Piaget
reciprocal determinism
drive reduction
Stages of Moral Development
27. Technique of field research - used in anthropology and sociology - by which an investigator (participant observer) studies the life of a group by sharing in its activities
algorithm
avoidance-avoidance conflict
split brain study
participant observation
28. Neurotransmitter that influences voluntary movement - attention - alertness; lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson's disease; too much is linked with schizophrenia
Sigmund Freud
neurotransmitter
dopamine
Piaget's theory of child cognitive development 4 stages
29. Act on the immune system to suppress the body's response to infection or trauma. Relieve inflammation - reduce swelling - and suppress symptoms in acute conditions
corticosteriods
introspection
Erik Erikson's
parietal lobe
30. The appearance of things relative to one another as determined by their distance from the viewer
linear perspective
split brain study
neuroscientist
significant psychological research
31. Conflict that results from having to choose between two distasteful alternatives
avoidance-avoidance conflict
reinforcer
epinephrine
mastery goals
32. Describes a schedule of reinforcement wherein a worker is paid for a certain sum for each product produced
secondary reinforcer
cerebellum
fixed ratio
Abraham Maslow
33. Stages of development - Stage 7 Caring - Generativity vs. Stagnation - early forties till mid sixties / starts as the Mid-life crisis. Measure accomplishments/failures. Am I satisfied or not? The need to assist the younger generation. Stagnation is
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34. The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied
B.F. Skinner
independent variable
sensory adaptation
John Locke
35. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation
Meyer Friedman
cognitive
Erik Erikson's
carl jung
36. A study of an individual unit - as a person - family - or social group - usually emphasizing developmental issues and relationships with the environment - especially in order to compare a larger group to the individual unit.
case study
catecholamines
John Locke
Three phases of memory process
37. The outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of the independent variable
dependent variable
neurotransmitter
introspection
drive reduction
38. Any of several chemical substances - as epinephrine or acetylcholine - that transmit nerve impulses across a synapse to a postsynaptic element - as another nerve - muscle - or gland.
accomodation
Jean Piaget
neurotransmitter
synaptic cleft
39. (psychology) a stimulus that strengthens or weakens the behavior that produced it
absolute threshold
reinforcer
negative punishment
Albert Bandura
40. The science that deals with the origins - physical and cultural development - biological characteristics - and social customs and beliefs of humankind.
carl jung
hierarchy of needs
anthropology
parietal lobe
41. Theory of child development included the Socratic method of questioning children by guiding them to reflect on their behavior. His emphasis on self-awareness and reflection has been adopted into school curricula and used to help students become criti
Hermann Ebbinghaus
Jean Piaget
Ivan Pavlov
sociology
42. Process in which cells become specialized in structure and function.
differentiation
sociology
parasympathetic nervous system
altruism
43. The denial of any power or moral value superior to that of humanity; the rejection of religion in favour of a belief in the advancement of humanity by its own efforts
secondary reinforcer
interaction
Erik Erikson's
Humanism
44. A hormone released by the pituitary gland of the brain during childbirth - breastfeeding - and intercourse - causing emotional bonding between persons in whom it is released
performance goals
forgetting curve
fovea
oxytocin
45. Inferences are said to possess internal validity if a causal relation between two variables is properly demonstrated.
internal validity
George Kelly
split brain study
parasympathetic nervous system
46. A schedule where reinforcement happens after a changing number of responses. Example gambling or sales
variable ratio
argument by evidence
corticosteriods
accomodation
47. Observation or examination of one's own mental and emotional state - mental processes - etc.; the act of looking within oneself.
neuroscientist
introspection
placebo effect
secondary reinforcer
48. Maslow's pyramid of human needs - beginning at the base with physiological needs that must first be satisfied before higher-level safety needs and then psychological needs become active - Maslow's Theory of Motivation which states that we must achiev
occipital lobe
hierarchy of needs
acetylcholine
cerebellum
49. Portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the back of the head; visual areas
occipital lobe
case study
sympathetic nervous system
Humanism
50. Three facets: intimacy - commitment - and passion.
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