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CLEP Intro To Psychology

Subjects : clep, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the back of the head; visual areas






2. Portion posterior to the frontal lobe - responsible for sensations such as pain - temperature - and touch






3. Abbreviation for computerized axial tomography - uses a computer and a rotating x-ray device to create detailed - cross-sectional images - or slices - of organs and body parts






4. A theory of personality that emphasizes free will and human agency in directing personal behavior. the doctrine emphasizing a person's capacity for self-realization through reason






5. Adrenocorticotropic hormone - produced by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the adrenal cortex regulates the production of cortisol(steriod hormone) from anterior pituitary






6. Considered the Father of modern psychology; study of mental processes - introspection - and self-exam; established the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig - Germany






7. The division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body - conserving its energy.






8. Theory states that the acquisitiion of new knowledge and behaviors is central to human development. Was a pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. he is famous fo






9. A doughnut-shaped system of neural structures at the border of the brainstem and cerebral hemispheres; associated with emotions such as fear and aggression and drives such as those for food and sex. Includes the hippocampus - amygdala - and hypothala






10. A psychologist who studies sensation - perception - learning - motivation - and emotion in carefully controlled laboratory conditions






11. Inferences are said to possess internal validity if a causal relation between two variables is properly demonstrated.






12. Originating in or based on observation or experience






13. Any reinforcer that becomes reinforcing after being paired with a primary reinforcer - such as praise - tokens - or gold stars






14. The part of declarative memory that stores general information such as names and facts.






15. A microscopic gap between the terminal button of one neuron and the cell membrane of another neuron






16. Situation in which previously learned information hinders the recall of information learned more recently






17. Neo-Freudian - humanistic; 8 psychosocial stages of development: theory shows how people evolve through the life span. Each stage is marked by a psychological crisis that involves confronting 'Who am I?'






18. Simultaneous color contrast: an effect that occurs when surrounding an area with a color changes the appearence of the surrounded area. - the theory that opposing retinal processes (red-green - yellow-blue - white-black) enable color vision. For exam






19. Neurotransmitter that influences voluntary movement - attention - alertness; lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson's disease; too much is linked with schizophrenia






20. 1896-1934; russian developmental psychologist who emphasized the role of the social environment on cognitive development and proposed the idea of zones of proximal development. GUIDED PARTICIPATION - Children's interaction with knowledgeable adults o






21. Mental categories that help our brains group objects that have common properties.






22. Describes a schedule of reinforcement wherein a worker is paid for a certain sum for each product produced






23. Founded by Hermann Ebbinghaus. displays retention of information and forgetting over time. conclusions to this were that most forgetting happens right after learning something. this was modified to that forgetting doesn't occur that quickly if the su






24. The science or study of the origin - development - organization - and functioning of human society; the science of the fundamental laws of social relations - institutions - etc.






25. Attachment theory -






26. (psychiatry) a defense mechanism that transfers affect or reaction from the original object to some more acceptable one






27. A psychologist who uses psychological concepts to make the workplace a more satisfying environment for employees and managers






28. In psychoanalytic theory - the basic defense mechanism that banishes from consciousness anxiety-arousing thoughts - feelings - and memories






29. Stages of development - Stage 2 Will - Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt - Toddler stage / 1-3 years. Child needs to learn to explore the world. Bad if the parent is too smothering or completely neglectful.

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30. The aggregate (sum or assemblage of many separate units; sum total) of responses to internal and external stimuli.






31. Images are flashed to the left visual fields (therefore the right hemisphere) and individual cannot name object - but can locate it. Images are flashed to the right visual fields (therefore the left hemisphere) and individual can name object.






32. The denial of any power or moral value superior to that of humanity; the rejection of religion in favour of a belief in the advancement of humanity by its own efforts






33. Observation or examination of one's own mental and emotional state - mental processes - etc.; the act of looking within oneself.






34. Theory of child development included the Socratic method of questioning children by guiding them to reflect on their behavior. His emphasis on self-awareness and reflection has been adopted into school curricula and used to help students become criti






35. The state of being anonymous






36. Severe mental illness characterized by auditory hallucinations - paranoia and an inability to distinguish reality from fiction






37. Study of the brain interested in the biological bases of human disorders such as Parkinson's and Huntington's. Neuroscience is a branch of research that is concerned with the underlying physical changes that accompany brain disorders






38. Accepted Freud's basic ideas - but doubted sex was all-consuming and gave more credit to consciousness and childhood






39. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation






40. It is a collection of research designs which use manipulation and controlled testing to understand causal processes. Generally - one or more variables are manipulated to determine their effect on a dependent variable






41. Natural - opiatelike neurotransmitters linked to pain control and to pleasure






42. Stages of development - Stage 5 Fidelity - Identity vs. Role Confusion - Adolescent / 12 years till mid twenties. Questioning of self. Who am I - how do I fit in? Where am I going in life? Erikson believes that if the parents allow the child to exp

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43. Adrenal glands secerets this to activate various organs that results in a phyiscal stress response






44. A methodical - logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem






45. Personal Construct Psychology. investigative technique - which would remove the influence of the observer's frame of reference on what was observed. he believed (personal construct theory) our personality consists of our thoughts about ourselves - in






46. English empiricist philosopher who believed that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience (1632-1704)






47. Goals framed in terms of performing well in front of others - being judged favorably - and avoiding criticism






48. A schedule where reinforcement happens after a changing number of responses. Example gambling or sales






49. A school of psychology that focused on how mental and behavioral processes function - how they enable the organism to adapt - survive - and flourish.






50. Observing subjects in their natural environment with no attempts at intervention on the part of the researcher.