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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Intro To Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Study of the brain interested in the biological bases of human disorders such as Parkinson's and Huntington's. Neuroscience is a branch of research that is concerned with the underlying physical changes that accompany brain disorders
neuroscientist
psychoanalysis
babinksi reflex
oxytocin
2. The science of life or living matter in all its forms and phenomena - especially with reference to origin - growth - reproduction - structure - and behavior.
semantic memory
acetylcholine
biology
Lev Vygotsky
3. Stroke bottom of the foot up and across by the toes and the toes fan out
John Bowlby
internal validity
babinksi reflex
Lawrence Kohlberg
4. Theory states that the acquisitiion of new knowledge and behaviors is central to human development. Was a pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. he is famous fo
Lev Vygotsky
B.F. Skinner
case study
interaction
5. The science that deals with the origins - physical and cultural development - biological characteristics - and social customs and beliefs of humankind.
negative punishment
internal validity
secondary reinforcer
anthropology
6. The science or study of the origin - development - organization - and functioning of human society; the science of the fundamental laws of social relations - institutions - etc.
sociology
Three phases of memory process
cortisol
cerebellum
7. Founder of functionalism; studied how humans use perception to function in our environment; wrote first psychology textbook - The Principles of Psychology
William James
limbic system
biology
fovea
8. Adrenocorticotropic hormone - produced by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the adrenal cortex regulates the production of cortisol(steriod hormone) from anterior pituitary
deduction
ACTH
Wilhelm Wundt
mastery goals
9. The appearance of things relative to one another as determined by their distance from the viewer
somatization
epinephrine
linear perspective
participant observation
10. Neurotransmitter that influences voluntary movement - attention - alertness; lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson's disease; too much is linked with schizophrenia
behavior
dopamine
Erik Erikson's
Jean Piaget
11. Founded by Hermann Ebbinghaus. displays retention of information and forgetting over time. conclusions to this were that most forgetting happens right after learning something. this was modified to that forgetting doesn't occur that quickly if the su
forgetting curve
somatic nervous system
acetylcholine
Hermann von Helmholtz
12. Situation in which previously learned information hinders the recall of information learned more recently
industrial-organizational psychologist
cross-sectional study
proactive interference
B.F. Skinner
13. A school of psychology that focused on how mental and behavioral processes function - how they enable the organism to adapt - survive - and flourish.
William James
REM sleep
functionalism
psychoanalysis
14. A psychologist who studies sensation - perception - learning - motivation - and emotion in carefully controlled laboratory conditions
sympathetic nervous system
mastery goals
functionalism
experimental psychologist
15. It adopts a holistic approach to human existence through investigations of meaning - values - freedom - tragedy - personal responsibility - human potential - spirituality - and self-actualization
drive reduction
humanistic
Sigmund Freud
neofreudian
16. Conflict that results from having to choose between two distasteful alternatives
avoidance-avoidance conflict
Sigmund Freud
negative punishment
linear perspective
17. Attachment theory -
fixed ratio
Humanism
John Bowlby
independent variable
18. Behavioral approach - the attempt to relate overt (open to view or knowledge; not concealed or secret) responses to observable environmental stimuli (something that excites an organism or part to functional activity).
parietal lobe
B.F. Skinner
criterion validity
psychological science
19. Austrian neurologist who originated psychoanalysis (1856-1939); Said that human behavior is irrational; behavior is the outcome of conflict between the id (irrational unconscious driven by sexual - aggressive - and pleasure-seeking desires) and ego (
Sigmund Freud
ACTH
somatization
forgetting curve
20. Researcher who pioneered the development of type A (high achieving - multi-taskers who are always very stressed and in a hurry.) and type B (easy going relaxed and not always in a hurry.) personality types based on how well they respond to the multip
opponent-process theory
Albert Bandura
John Locke
Meyer Friedman
21. Stages of development - Stage 5 Fidelity - Identity vs. Role Confusion - Adolescent / 12 years till mid twenties. Questioning of self. Who am I - how do I fit in? Where am I going in life? Erikson believes that if the parents allow the child to exp
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22. The cause of a disease
etiology
psychological science
interaction
differentiation
23. Goals framed in terms of increasing ones competence and skills
sensory adaptation
mastery goals
introspection
Stages of Moral Development
24. It is a collection of research designs which use manipulation and controlled testing to understand causal processes. Generally - one or more variables are manipulated to determine their effect on a dependent variable
Anna Freud
experimental research
corticosteriods
reinforcer
25. How the memory processes information - long term memory - short term memory - sensory information
information processing theory
industrial-organizational psychologist
humanistic
REM sleep
26. Originating in or based on observation or experience
correlation
external validity
performance goals
empirical evidence
27. (psychology) a stimulus that strengthens or weakens the behavior that produced it
primary reinforcer
Psychoneuroimmunology or PNI
reinforcer
functional MRI
28. Abbreviation for computerized axial tomography - uses a computer and a rotating x-ray device to create detailed - cross-sectional images - or slices - of organs and body parts
shizophrenia
Erik Erikson's
secondary reinforcer
CAT scan
29. The adjustment of one's schemas to include newly observed events and experiences
absolute threshold
accomodation
external validity
Piaget's theory of child cognitive development 4 stages
30. Anti adrenaline - affects neurons involved in increased heart rate and the slowing of intestinal activity during stress - and neurons involved in learning - memory - dreaming - waking from sleep - and emotion. increase arousal and boost mood-scarce d
nonrepinephrine
concept
Erik Erikson's
George Kelly
31. ENCODE - STORE - RETRIEVE
Three phases of memory process
experimental psychologist
accomodation
George Kelly
32. Adrenal glands secerets this to activate various organs that results in a phyiscal stress response
dopamine
catecholamines
biology
Jean Piaget
33. Level 1 (Pre-Conventional) 1. Obedience and punishment orientation (How can I avoid punishment?) 2. Self-interest orientation (What's in it for me? Paying for a benefit.) - Level 2 (Conventional) 3. Interpersonal accord and conformity (Social norms -
empirical evidence
neofreudian
Stages of Moral Development
Erik Erikson's
34. Theory of child development included the Socratic method of questioning children by guiding them to reflect on their behavior. His emphasis on self-awareness and reflection has been adopted into school curricula and used to help students become criti
psychoanalysis
Jean Piaget
performance goals
catecholamines
35. Findings that provide a multilayered - comprehensive understanding of human behavior. Ex. study of stress and human response has to be done from a biological - social and cognitive perspective.
functional MRI
significant psychological research
central nervous system
ACTH
36. The quality of unselfish concern for the welfare of others
dependent variable
differentiation
altruism
introspection
37. Of or pertaining to the mental processes of perception - memory - judgment - and reasoning - as contrasted with emotional and volitional processes
sympathetic nervous system
cognitive
REM sleep
cerebellum
38. Observation or examination of one's own mental and emotional state - mental processes - etc.; the act of looking within oneself.
opponent-process theory
Humanism
Erik Erikson's
introspection
39. A measure of how well the variables of one test (could be personality) measure the same things as the variables of a similar test.
introspection
drive reduction
criterion validity
Erik Erikson's
40. Accepted Freud's basic ideas - but doubted sex was all-consuming and gave more credit to consciousness and childhood
neofreudian
forgetting curve
cognitive
experimental psychologist
41. Neo-Freudian - humanistic; 8 psychosocial stages of development: theory shows how people evolve through the life span. Each stage is marked by a psychological crisis that involves confronting 'Who am I?'
forgetting curve
Erik Erikson's
Erik Erikson
William James
42. Stages of development - Stage 2 Will - Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt - Toddler stage / 1-3 years. Child needs to learn to explore the world. Bad if the parent is too smothering or completely neglectful.
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43. A neurotransmitter that enables learning and memory and also triggers muscle contraction. - lack of production is linked to Alzheimer's
accomodation
acetylcholine
neurotransmitter
Erik Erikson's
44. Considered the Father of modern psychology; study of mental processes - introspection - and self-exam; established the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig - Germany
altruism
dependent variable
Stockholm syndrome
Wilhelm Wundt
45. Substance secreted by the anterior pituitary; controls size of an individual by promoting cell division - protein synthesis - and bone growth
Erik Erikson's
growth hormone
Lev Vygotsky
displacement
46. Theory set forth by psychologist Albert Bandura that a person's behavior both influences and is influenced by personal factors and the social environment
displacement
reciprocal determinism
Abraham Maslow
placebo effect
47. Stages of development - Stage 4 Competence - Industry vs. Inferiority - School-age / 6-11. Child comparing self worth to others (such as in a classroom environment). Child can recognize major disparities in personal abilities relative to other chil
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48. A psychologist who uses psychological concepts to make the workplace a more satisfying environment for employees and managers
introspection
Gordon Allport
significant psychological research
industrial-organizational psychologist
49. Technique of field research - used in anthropology and sociology - by which an investigator (participant observer) studies the life of a group by sharing in its activities
Humanism
external validity
participant observation
psychodynamic
50. A process by which repressed material - particularly a painful experience or conflict is brought back to consciousness - in this process the person not only recalls - but also relived the repressed material - which is accompained by the appropriate a
ACTH
Lawrence Kohlberg
experimental research
abreaction