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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Intro To Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Images are flashed to the left visual fields (therefore the right hemisphere) and individual cannot name object - but can locate it. Images are flashed to the right visual fields (therefore the left hemisphere) and individual can name object.
Erik Erikson's
split brain study
sensory adaptation
cortisol
2. Originating in or based on observation or experience
Sigmund Freud
somatic nervous system
empirical evidence
corticosteriods
3. English empiricist philosopher who believed that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience (1632-1704)
drive reduction
humanistic
opponent-process theory
John Locke
4. The appearance of things relative to one another as determined by their distance from the viewer
placebo effect
linear perspective
dopamine
George Kelly
5. Adrenaline; activates a sympathetic nervous system by making the heart beat faster - stopping digestion - enlarging pupils - sending sugar into the bloodstream - preparing a blood clot faster
epinephrine
Erik Erikson's
Lawrence Kohlberg
participant observation
6. Created the 'hierarchy of needs -'--physiological needs - safety & security - love & belonging - self-esteem - self-actualization.
Three phases of memory process
Meyer Friedman
neofreudian
Abraham Maslow
7. Inferences are said to possess internal validity if a causal relation between two variables is properly demonstrated.
internal validity
participant observation
George Kelly
dopamine
8. Created the Stages of Moral Development - relied for his studies on stories such as the Heinz dilemma - and was interested in how individuals would justify their actions if placed in similar moral dilemmas
Lawrence Kohlberg
Sigmund Freud
Erik Erikson's
differentiation
9. The adjustment of one's schemas to include newly observed events and experiences
independent variable
reciprocal determinism
somatic nervous system
accomodation
10. Maslow's pyramid of human needs - beginning at the base with physiological needs that must first be satisfied before higher-level safety needs and then psychological needs become active - Maslow's Theory of Motivation which states that we must achiev
proactive interference
catecholamines
hierarchy of needs
Hermann Ebbinghaus
11. Pioneer in observational learning (AKA social learning) - stated that people profit from the mistakes/successes of others; Studies: Bobo Dolls-adults demonstrated 'appropriate' play with dolls - children mimicked play
Albert Bandura
negative punishment
opponent-process theory
deduction
12. Neurotransmitter that influences voluntary movement - attention - alertness; lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson's disease; too much is linked with schizophrenia
independent variable
Erik Erikson's
information processing theory
dopamine
13. State whereby a victim forms an emotional attachment to their captors.
Stockholm syndrome
Lev Vygotsky
Psychoneuroimmunology or PNI
parietal lobe
14. The division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body's skeletal muscles. Also called the skeletal nervous system
fixed ratio
fovea
somatization
somatic nervous system
15. Goals framed in terms of performing well in front of others - being judged favorably - and avoiding criticism
parasympathetic nervous system
biology
performance goals
clinical psychologist
16. A study of an individual unit - as a person - family - or social group - usually emphasizing developmental issues and relationships with the environment - especially in order to compare a larger group to the individual unit.
Repression
epinephrine
cognitive
case study
17. Rapid low-amplitude waves. less prevalent in adults
participant observation
REM sleep
Humanism
Erik Erikson's
18. A school of psychology that focused on how mental and behavioral processes function - how they enable the organism to adapt - survive - and flourish.
functionalism
William James
cognitive
abreaction
19. It adopts a holistic approach to human existence through investigations of meaning - values - freedom - tragedy - personal responsibility - human potential - spirituality - and self-actualization
behavior
displacement
humanistic
introspection
20. Portion posterior to the frontal lobe - responsible for sensations such as pain - temperature - and touch
performance goals
parietal lobe
reinforcer
information processing theory
21. Severe mental illness characterized by auditory hallucinations - paranoia and an inability to distinguish reality from fiction
retina
split brain study
Three phases of memory process
shizophrenia
22. Adrenal glands secerets this to activate various organs that results in a phyiscal stress response
corticosteriods
Lev Vygotsky
catecholamines
opponent-process theory
23. A 'SNAPSHOT' of a phenomenon such as cancer rate. a number of variables affect one another in a single point in time.
drive reduction
cross-sectional study
Lev Vygotsky
naturalistic observation
24. Any of several chemical substances - as epinephrine or acetylcholine - that transmit nerve impulses across a synapse to a postsynaptic element - as another nerve - muscle - or gland.
parietal lobe
neurotransmitter
external validity
forgetting curve
25. The first person to study memory scientifically and systematically; used nonsense syllables and recorded how many times he had to study a list to remember it well
Repression
altruism
Hermann Ebbinghaus
Lawrence Kohlberg
26. Neo-Freudian - humanistic; 8 psychosocial stages of development: theory shows how people evolve through the life span. Each stage is marked by a psychological crisis that involves confronting 'Who am I?'
concept
performance goals
Erik Erikson
information processing theory
27. Founded by Hermann Ebbinghaus. displays retention of information and forgetting over time. conclusions to this were that most forgetting happens right after learning something. this was modified to that forgetting doesn't occur that quickly if the su
forgetting curve
somatic nervous system
psychological science
limbic system
28. Mental categories that help our brains group objects that have common properties.
concept
Erik Erikson's
REM sleep
Wilhelm Wundt
29. Situation in which previously learned information hinders the recall of information learned more recently
Ivan Pavlov
proactive interference
accomodation
Albert Bandura
30. Observing subjects in their natural environment with no attempts at intervention on the part of the researcher.
naturalistic observation
acetylcholine
Anna Freud
John Bowlby
31. Classical conditioning. trained a dog to respond to the sound of a bell by pairing it up with food.
Abraham Maslow
shizophrenia
Ivan Pavlov
proactive interference
32. Theory set forth by psychologist Albert Bandura that a person's behavior both influences and is influenced by personal factors and the social environment
Erik Erikson's
reciprocal determinism
Erik Erikson's
Erik Erikson's
33. A theory of personality that emphasizes free will and human agency in directing personal behavior. the doctrine emphasizing a person's capacity for self-realization through reason
Humanism
humanistic
frontal lobe
retina
34. The process through which the body absorbs social stress and manifests symptoms of suffering; also called embodiment
CAT scan
avoidance-avoidance conflict
Erik Erikson's
somatization
35. The science of life or living matter in all its forms and phenomena - especially with reference to origin - growth - reproduction - structure - and behavior.
interaction
biology
clinical psychologist
placebo effect
36. A psychologist who uses psychological concepts to make the workplace a more satisfying environment for employees and managers
Ivan Pavlov
industrial-organizational psychologist
Lawrence Kohlberg
neuroscientist
37. How the memory processes information - long term memory - short term memory - sensory information
Anna Freud
information processing theory
deduction
anthropology
38. 1896-1934; russian developmental psychologist who emphasized the role of the social environment on cognitive development and proposed the idea of zones of proximal development. GUIDED PARTICIPATION - Children's interaction with knowledgeable adults o
central nervous system
Lev Vygotsky
George Kelly
sensory adaptation
39. The extent to which data collected from a sample can be generalized to the entire population.
external validity
acetylcholine
psychological science
variable ratio
40. An innately reinforcing stimulus - such as one that satisfies a biological need
Erik Erikson's
Lev Vygotsky
primary reinforcer
fixed ratio
41. Any reinforcer that becomes reinforcing after being paired with a primary reinforcer - such as praise - tokens - or gold stars
significant psychological research
secondary reinforcer
Humanism
experimental psychologist
42. The state of being anonymous
cerebellum
anonymity
proactive interference
behavior
43. Austrian neurologist who originated psychoanalysis (1856-1939); Said that human behavior is irrational; behavior is the outcome of conflict between the id (irrational unconscious driven by sexual - aggressive - and pleasure-seeking desires) and ego (
participant observation
Sigmund Freud
Ivan Pavlov
limbic system
44. Observation or examination of one's own mental and emotional state - mental processes - etc.; the act of looking within oneself.
Parietal lobe
William James
introspection
carl jung
45. The science that deals with the origins - physical and cultural development - biological characteristics - and social customs and beliefs of humankind.
significant psychological research
Ivan Pavlov
anthropology
internal validity
46. Findings that provide a multilayered - comprehensive understanding of human behavior. Ex. study of stress and human response has to be done from a biological - social and cognitive perspective.
John Locke
ACTH
significant psychological research
Humanism
47. The part of declarative memory that stores general information such as names and facts.
information processing theory
absolute threshold
industrial-organizational psychologist
semantic memory
48. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation
growth hormone
carl jung
psychodynamic
Hermann Ebbinghaus
49. The study of the relationships among psychology - the nervous and endocrine systems - and the immune system.
Psychoneuroimmunology or PNI
anonymity
information processing theory
CAT scan
50. Technique of field research - used in anthropology and sociology - by which an investigator (participant observer) studies the life of a group by sharing in its activities
psychodynamic
Meyer Friedman
synaptic cleft
participant observation