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CLEP Intro To Psychology

Subjects : clep, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Abbreviation for computerized axial tomography - uses a computer and a rotating x-ray device to create detailed - cross-sectional images - or slices - of organs and body parts






2. A therapist who deals with mental and emotional disorders






3. The aggregate (sum or assemblage of many separate units; sum total) of responses to internal and external stimuli.






4. Founded by Hermann Ebbinghaus. displays retention of information and forgetting over time. conclusions to this were that most forgetting happens right after learning something. this was modified to that forgetting doesn't occur that quickly if the su






5. Secreted from the adrenal cortex - aids the body during stress by increasing glucose levels






6. Situation in which previously learned information hinders the recall of information learned more recently






7. A systematic method of deriving conclusions that cannot be false when the premises are true - esp one amenable to formalization and study by the science of logic






8. Personal Construct Psychology. investigative technique - which would remove the influence of the observer's frame of reference on what was observed. he believed (personal construct theory) our personality consists of our thoughts about ourselves - in






9. A theory of personality that emphasizes free will and human agency in directing personal behavior. the doctrine emphasizing a person's capacity for self-realization through reason






10. A measure of how well the variables of one test (could be personality) measure the same things as the variables of a similar test.






11. Austrian neurologist who originated psychoanalysis (1856-1939); Said that human behavior is irrational; behavior is the outcome of conflict between the id (irrational unconscious driven by sexual - aggressive - and pleasure-seeking desires) and ego (






12. The science that deals with the origins - physical and cultural development - biological characteristics - and social customs and beliefs of humankind.






13. Process in which cells become specialized in structure and function.






14. A schedule where reinforcement happens after a changing number of responses. Example gambling or sales






15. State whereby a victim forms an emotional attachment to their captors.






16. A mutual or reciprocal relationship between two or more things






17. Present evidence to support your claims






18. The process through which the body absorbs social stress and manifests symptoms of suffering; also called embodiment






19. An innately reinforcing stimulus - such as one that satisfies a biological need






20. Inferences are said to possess internal validity if a causal relation between two variables is properly demonstrated.






21. Of or pertaining to the mental processes of perception - memory - judgment - and reasoning - as contrasted with emotional and volitional processes






22. The lowest level of stimulation that a person can detect






23. The first person to study memory scientifically and systematically; used nonsense syllables and recorded how many times he had to study a list to remember it well






24. Originating in or based on observation or experience






25. Reciprocal action - effect - or influence.






26. Any reinforcer that becomes reinforcing after being paired with a primary reinforcer - such as praise - tokens - or gold stars






27. A hormone released by the pituitary gland of the brain during childbirth - breastfeeding - and intercourse - causing emotional bonding between persons in whom it is released






28. A psychologist who uses psychological concepts to make the workplace a more satisfying environment for employees and managers






29. Focused on child psychoanalysis - fully developed defense mechanisms - emphasized importance of the ego and its constant struggle






30. The denial of any power or moral value superior to that of humanity; the rejection of religion in favour of a belief in the advancement of humanity by its own efforts






31. The part of declarative memory that stores general information such as names and facts.






32. Act on the immune system to suppress the body's response to infection or trauma. Relieve inflammation - reduce swelling - and suppress symptoms in acute conditions






33. Simultaneous color contrast: an effect that occurs when surrounding an area with a color changes the appearence of the surrounded area. - the theory that opposing retinal processes (red-green - yellow-blue - white-black) enable color vision. For exam






34. A psychologist who studies sensation - perception - learning - motivation - and emotion in carefully controlled laboratory conditions






35. Behavioral approach - the attempt to relate overt (open to view or knowledge; not concealed or secret) responses to observable environmental stimuli (something that excites an organism or part to functional activity).






36. The light-sensitive inner surface of the eye - containing the receptor rods and cones plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual information






37. Observation or examination of one's own mental and emotional state - mental processes - etc.; the act of looking within oneself.






38. The science or study of the origin - development - organization - and functioning of human society; the science of the fundamental laws of social relations - institutions - etc.






39. Created the 'hierarchy of needs -'--physiological needs - safety & security - love & belonging - self-esteem - self-actualization.






40. Stages of development - Stage 3 Purpose - Initiative vs. Guilt - Preschool / 3-6 years - Can the child plan or do things on his own - such as dress him or herself. If 'guilty' about making his or her own choices - the child will not function well. E

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41. 1896-1934; russian developmental psychologist who emphasized the role of the social environment on cognitive development and proposed the idea of zones of proximal development. GUIDED PARTICIPATION - Children's interaction with knowledgeable adults o






42. Created the Stages of Moral Development - relied for his studies on stories such as the Heinz dilemma - and was interested in how individuals would justify their actions if placed in similar moral dilemmas






43. Level 1 (Pre-Conventional) 1. Obedience and punishment orientation (How can I avoid punishment?) 2. Self-interest orientation (What's in it for me? Paying for a benefit.) - Level 2 (Conventional) 3. Interpersonal accord and conformity (Social norms -






44. Rapid low-amplitude waves. less prevalent in adults






45. Adrenaline; activates a sympathetic nervous system by making the heart beat faster - stopping digestion - enlarging pupils - sending sugar into the bloodstream - preparing a blood clot faster






46. The extent to which data collected from a sample can be generalized to the entire population.






47. Physiological needs drive an organism to act in either random or habitual ways






48. Anti adrenaline - affects neurons involved in increased heart rate and the slowing of intestinal activity during stress - and neurons involved in learning - memory - dreaming - waking from sleep - and emotion. increase arousal and boost mood-scarce d






49. Maslow's pyramid of human needs - beginning at the base with physiological needs that must first be satisfied before higher-level safety needs and then psychological needs become active - Maslow's Theory of Motivation which states that we must achiev






50. The outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of the independent variable