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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Intro To Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The cause of a disease
psychological science
altruism
REM sleep
etiology
2. Process in which cells become specialized in structure and function.
differentiation
primary reinforcer
case study
secondary reinforcer
3. ENCODE - STORE - RETRIEVE
cognitive
Sigmund Freud
naturalistic observation
Three phases of memory process
4. Goals framed in terms of increasing ones competence and skills
somatization
Piaget's theory of child cognitive development 4 stages
mastery goals
interaction
5. The portion of the vertebrate nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord that perceives - gathers - interprets - and records incoming sensory information and also sends out communication destined for muscles - glands and internal organs s
Erik Erikson's
epinephrine
external validity
central nervous system
6. A mutual or reciprocal relationship between two or more things
correlation
opponent-process theory
Hermann von Helmholtz
somatization
7. Personal Construct Psychology. investigative technique - which would remove the influence of the observer's frame of reference on what was observed. he believed (personal construct theory) our personality consists of our thoughts about ourselves - in
experimental psychologist
George Kelly
babinksi reflex
endorphins
8. Situation in which previously learned information hinders the recall of information learned more recently
John Bowlby
performance goals
proactive interference
central nervous system
9. The first person to study memory scientifically and systematically; used nonsense syllables and recorded how many times he had to study a list to remember it well
John Locke
frontal lobe
Hermann Ebbinghaus
babinksi reflex
10. The division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body's skeletal muscles. Also called the skeletal nervous system
experimental psychologist
Anna Freud
somatic nervous system
anonymity
11. (1821-1894) Emphasized a mechanistic and deterministic approach - assuming human sense organs functioned like machines - Neural Impulse: studied reaction times for sensory nerves in humans - demonstrated that speed of conduction was not instantaneous
CAT scan
Hermann von Helmholtz
introspection
drive reduction
12. Accepted Freud's basic ideas - but doubted sex was all-consuming and gave more credit to consciousness and childhood
Erik Erikson's
neofreudian
differentiation
Lev Vygotsky
13. The scientific study of how we think about - influence - and relate to one another
dopamine
social psychologist
differentiation
absolute threshold
14. The adjustment of one's schemas to include newly observed events and experiences
catecholamines
industrial-organizational psychologist
accomodation
correlation
15. Austrian neurologist who originated psychoanalysis (1856-1939); Said that human behavior is irrational; behavior is the outcome of conflict between the id (irrational unconscious driven by sexual - aggressive - and pleasure-seeking desires) and ego (
Piaget's theory of child cognitive development 4 stages
Sigmund Freud
hierarchy of needs
endorphins
16. Research in which the same people are restudied and retested over a long period
displacement
sociology
longitudinal study
shizophrenia
17. Study of the brain interested in the biological bases of human disorders such as Parkinson's and Huntington's. Neuroscience is a branch of research that is concerned with the underlying physical changes that accompany brain disorders
neuroscientist
neurotransmitter
John Bowlby
psychological science
18. Considered the Father of modern psychology; study of mental processes - introspection - and self-exam; established the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig - Germany
Wilhelm Wundt
psychoanalysis
Erik Erikson's
hierarchy of needs
19. Theory of child development included the Socratic method of questioning children by guiding them to reflect on their behavior. His emphasis on self-awareness and reflection has been adopted into school curricula and used to help students become criti
displacement
Jean Piaget
deduction
ACTH
20. Focused on child psychoanalysis - fully developed defense mechanisms - emphasized importance of the ego and its constant struggle
dependent variable
psychodynamic
Anna Freud
altruism
21. The lowest level of stimulation that a person can detect
growth hormone
absolute threshold
Stockholm syndrome
Ivan Pavlov
22. The state of being anonymous
Piaget's theory of child cognitive development 4 stages
oxytocin
anthropology
anonymity
23. Classical conditioning. trained a dog to respond to the sound of a bell by pairing it up with food.
Repression
accomodation
absolute threshold
Ivan Pavlov
24. Researcher who pioneered the development of type A (high achieving - multi-taskers who are always very stressed and in a hurry.) and type B (easy going relaxed and not always in a hurry.) personality types based on how well they respond to the multip
hierarchy of needs
anthropology
Jean Piaget
Meyer Friedman
25. The division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body - conserving its energy.
experimental psychologist
oxytocin
parasympathetic nervous system
Anna Freud
26. Sensorimotor - birth to language - Preoperational - 2-7 - Concrete Operational - 7 - 11 - Formal Operational 11 - Adult Abstract Thoughts
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27. Any of several chemical substances - as epinephrine or acetylcholine - that transmit nerve impulses across a synapse to a postsynaptic element - as another nerve - muscle - or gland.
biology
Erik Erikson's
Erik Erikson's
neurotransmitter
28. Freud's theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts; the techniques used in treating psychological disorders by seeking to expose and interpret unconscious tensions
psychodynamic
psychoanalysis
Erik Erikson's
endorphins
29. Stages of development - Stage 6 Love (in intimate relationships - work and family) - Intimacy vs. Isolation - Young adult / mid twenties till early forties. Who do I want to be with or date - what am I going to do with my life? Will I settle down?
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30. Allows researchers to scan areas of the brain while a participant performs a physical or cognitive task
Humanism
functional MRI
synaptic cleft
biology
31. Substance secreted by the anterior pituitary; controls size of an individual by promoting cell division - protein synthesis - and bone growth
reinforcer
growth hormone
anthropology
CAT scan
32. The science or study of the origin - development - organization - and functioning of human society; the science of the fundamental laws of social relations - institutions - etc.
sociology
variable ratio
Gordon Allport
criterion validity
33. A process by which repressed material - particularly a painful experience or conflict is brought back to consciousness - in this process the person not only recalls - but also relived the repressed material - which is accompained by the appropriate a
abreaction
etiology
epinephrine
deduction
34. Part of the cerebral cortex; coordinates messages from other cerebral lobes; involved in complex problem-solving tasks - thinking - self-control - judgment - emotion regulation - personality affects - concentration - goal directed behavior; restructu
frontal lobe
John Locke
George Kelly
B.F. Skinner
35. Neurotransmitter that influences voluntary movement - attention - alertness; lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson's disease; too much is linked with schizophrenia
frontal lobe
variable ratio
dopamine
Anna Freud
36. Stages of development - Stage 4 Competence - Industry vs. Inferiority - School-age / 6-11. Child comparing self worth to others (such as in a classroom environment). Child can recognize major disparities in personal abilities relative to other chil
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37. Images are flashed to the left visual fields (therefore the right hemisphere) and individual cannot name object - but can locate it. Images are flashed to the right visual fields (therefore the left hemisphere) and individual can name object.
cognitive
Erik Erikson's
fixed ratio
split brain study
38. Adrenal glands secerets this to activate various organs that results in a phyiscal stress response
information processing theory
mastery goals
catecholamines
semantic memory
39. Stages of development - Stage 3 Purpose - Initiative vs. Guilt - Preschool / 3-6 years - Can the child plan or do things on his own - such as dress him or herself. If 'guilty' about making his or her own choices - the child will not function well. E
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40. It is a collection of research designs which use manipulation and controlled testing to understand causal processes. Generally - one or more variables are manipulated to determine their effect on a dependent variable
industrial-organizational psychologist
CAT scan
experimental research
split brain study
41. Founder of functionalism; studied how humans use perception to function in our environment; wrote first psychology textbook - The Principles of Psychology
William James
cross-sectional study
secondary reinforcer
introspection
42. A systematic method of deriving conclusions that cannot be false when the premises are true - esp one amenable to formalization and study by the science of logic
naturalistic observation
dependent variable
neurotransmitter
deduction
43. Present evidence to support your claims
empirical evidence
concept
argument by evidence
Repression
44. Anti adrenaline - affects neurons involved in increased heart rate and the slowing of intestinal activity during stress - and neurons involved in learning - memory - dreaming - waking from sleep - and emotion. increase arousal and boost mood-scarce d
biology
performance goals
experimental research
nonrepinephrine
45. Goals framed in terms of performing well in front of others - being judged favorably - and avoiding criticism
dependent variable
William James
accomodation
performance goals
46. The light-sensitive inner surface of the eye - containing the receptor rods and cones plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual information
anthropology
forgetting curve
Jean Piaget
retina
47. The extent to which data collected from a sample can be generalized to the entire population.
linear perspective
external validity
synaptic cleft
experimental research
48. The aggregate (sum or assemblage of many separate units; sum total) of responses to internal and external stimuli.
behavior
occipital lobe
Jean Piaget
shizophrenia
49. Founded by Hermann Ebbinghaus. displays retention of information and forgetting over time. conclusions to this were that most forgetting happens right after learning something. this was modified to that forgetting doesn't occur that quickly if the su
Meyer Friedman
forgetting curve
placebo effect
parietal lobe
50. Findings that provide a multilayered - comprehensive understanding of human behavior. Ex. study of stress and human response has to be done from a biological - social and cognitive perspective.
significant psychological research
dependent variable
reinforcer
introspection