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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Intro To Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. In psychoanalytic theory - the basic defense mechanism that banishes from consciousness anxiety-arousing thoughts - feelings - and memories
Repression
displacement
abreaction
Erik Erikson's
2. A neurotransmitter that enables learning and memory and also triggers muscle contraction. - lack of production is linked to Alzheimer's
acetylcholine
dependent variable
catecholamines
participant observation
3. Originating in or based on observation or experience
functional MRI
fovea
Meyer Friedman
empirical evidence
4. A psychologist who studies sensation - perception - learning - motivation - and emotion in carefully controlled laboratory conditions
split brain study
altruism
cross-sectional study
experimental psychologist
5. Classical conditioning. trained a dog to respond to the sound of a bell by pairing it up with food.
Ivan Pavlov
dependent variable
Stages of Moral Development
somatization
6. A hormone released by the pituitary gland of the brain during childbirth - breastfeeding - and intercourse - causing emotional bonding between persons in whom it is released
psychoanalysis
altruism
sociology
oxytocin
7. A systematic method of deriving conclusions that cannot be false when the premises are true - esp one amenable to formalization and study by the science of logic
sociology
sensory adaptation
retina
deduction
8. A schedule where reinforcement happens after a changing number of responses. Example gambling or sales
avoidance-avoidance conflict
cross-sectional study
humanistic
variable ratio
9. The division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body - conserving its energy.
behavior
parasympathetic nervous system
Sternberg's triangular view
CAT scan
10. Natural - opiatelike neurotransmitters linked to pain control and to pleasure
endorphins
cross-sectional study
occipital lobe
growth hormone
11. Pioneer in observational learning (AKA social learning) - stated that people profit from the mistakes/successes of others; Studies: Bobo Dolls-adults demonstrated 'appropriate' play with dolls - children mimicked play
neofreudian
Albert Bandura
mastery goals
Ivan Pavlov
12. Theory set forth by psychologist Albert Bandura that a person's behavior both influences and is influenced by personal factors and the social environment
Sigmund Freud
synaptic cleft
primary reinforcer
reciprocal determinism
13. Goals framed in terms of increasing ones competence and skills
negative punishment
drive reduction
reinforcer
mastery goals
14. The science or study of the origin - development - organization - and functioning of human society; the science of the fundamental laws of social relations - institutions - etc.
John Locke
parietal lobe
cross-sectional study
sociology
15. How the memory processes information - long term memory - short term memory - sensory information
Hermann Ebbinghaus
independent variable
information processing theory
Three phases of memory process
16. Research in which the same people are restudied and retested over a long period
reinforcer
Erik Erikson's
information processing theory
longitudinal study
17. Sensorimotor - birth to language - Preoperational - 2-7 - Concrete Operational - 7 - 11 - Formal Operational 11 - Adult Abstract Thoughts
18. A methodical - logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem
Psychoneuroimmunology or PNI
altruism
split brain study
algorithm
19. Conflict that results from having to choose between two distasteful alternatives
avoidance-avoidance conflict
occipital lobe
cortisol
Erik Erikson's
20. Stages of development - Stage 4 Competence - Industry vs. Inferiority - School-age / 6-11. Child comparing self worth to others (such as in a classroom environment). Child can recognize major disparities in personal abilities relative to other chil
21. Anti adrenaline - affects neurons involved in increased heart rate and the slowing of intestinal activity during stress - and neurons involved in learning - memory - dreaming - waking from sleep - and emotion. increase arousal and boost mood-scarce d
Ivan Pavlov
negative punishment
B.F. Skinner
nonrepinephrine
22. It adopts a holistic approach to human existence through investigations of meaning - values - freedom - tragedy - personal responsibility - human potential - spirituality - and self-actualization
abreaction
naturalistic observation
oxytocin
humanistic
23. Images are flashed to the left visual fields (therefore the right hemisphere) and individual cannot name object - but can locate it. Images are flashed to the right visual fields (therefore the left hemisphere) and individual can name object.
William James
anonymity
split brain study
functional MRI
24. Maslow's pyramid of human needs - beginning at the base with physiological needs that must first be satisfied before higher-level safety needs and then psychological needs become active - Maslow's Theory of Motivation which states that we must achiev
endorphins
hierarchy of needs
sympathetic nervous system
drive reduction
25. (psychology) a stimulus that strengthens or weakens the behavior that produced it
neofreudian
abreaction
accomodation
reinforcer
26. The division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body - mobilizing its energy in stressful situations. Also called a fight or flight response.
somatization
sympathetic nervous system
neuroscientist
negative punishment
27. (psychiatry) a defense mechanism that transfers affect or reaction from the original object to some more acceptable one
somatic nervous system
cerebellum
semantic memory
displacement
28. A process by which repressed material - particularly a painful experience or conflict is brought back to consciousness - in this process the person not only recalls - but also relived the repressed material - which is accompained by the appropriate a
Hermann Ebbinghaus
nonrepinephrine
experimental research
abreaction
29. The science of life or living matter in all its forms and phenomena - especially with reference to origin - growth - reproduction - structure - and behavior.
biology
growth hormone
Lawrence Kohlberg
Three phases of memory process
30. A doughnut-shaped system of neural structures at the border of the brainstem and cerebral hemispheres; associated with emotions such as fear and aggression and drives such as those for food and sex. Includes the hippocampus - amygdala - and hypothala
Hermann Ebbinghaus
absolute threshold
sympathetic nervous system
limbic system
31. Physiological needs drive an organism to act in either random or habitual ways
independent variable
drive reduction
sociology
Lawrence Kohlberg
32. The outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of the independent variable
fovea
drive reduction
dependent variable
psychodynamic
33. The extent to which data collected from a sample can be generalized to the entire population.
external validity
participant observation
biology
independent variable
34. Simultaneous color contrast: an effect that occurs when surrounding an area with a color changes the appearence of the surrounded area. - the theory that opposing retinal processes (red-green - yellow-blue - white-black) enable color vision. For exam
somatic nervous system
CAT scan
ACTH
opponent-process theory
35. An innately reinforcing stimulus - such as one that satisfies a biological need
secondary reinforcer
frontal lobe
primary reinforcer
Albert Bandura
36. The central focal point in the retina - around which the eye's cones cluster
variable ratio
Piaget's theory of child cognitive development 4 stages
differentiation
fovea
37. A study of an individual unit - as a person - family - or social group - usually emphasizing developmental issues and relationships with the environment - especially in order to compare a larger group to the individual unit.
case study
central nervous system
John Locke
Sternberg's triangular view
38. Stages of development - Stage 7 Caring - Generativity vs. Stagnation - early forties till mid sixties / starts as the Mid-life crisis. Measure accomplishments/failures. Am I satisfied or not? The need to assist the younger generation. Stagnation is
39. The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied
Lawrence Kohlberg
independent variable
argument by evidence
algorithm
40. Study of the brain interested in the biological bases of human disorders such as Parkinson's and Huntington's. Neuroscience is a branch of research that is concerned with the underlying physical changes that accompany brain disorders
naturalistic observation
Ivan Pavlov
neuroscientist
opponent-process theory
41. A 'SNAPSHOT' of a phenomenon such as cancer rate. a number of variables affect one another in a single point in time.
psychological science
cross-sectional study
deduction
naturalistic observation
42. Part of the cerebral cortex; coordinates messages from other cerebral lobes; involved in complex problem-solving tasks - thinking - self-control - judgment - emotion regulation - personality affects - concentration - goal directed behavior; restructu
frontal lobe
limbic system
Lawrence Kohlberg
Stockholm syndrome
43. Any clinical approach to personality - as Freud's - that sees personality as the result of a dynamic interplay of conscious and unconscious factors.
biology
psychodynamic
empirical evidence
corticosteriods
44. The light-sensitive inner surface of the eye - containing the receptor rods and cones plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual information
introspection
retina
reinforcer
correlation
45. The lowest level of stimulation that a person can detect
external validity
corticosteriods
accomodation
absolute threshold
46. Created the Stages of Moral Development - relied for his studies on stories such as the Heinz dilemma - and was interested in how individuals would justify their actions if placed in similar moral dilemmas
interaction
Lawrence Kohlberg
somatic nervous system
cortisol
47. The quality of unselfish concern for the welfare of others
abreaction
altruism
endorphins
Psychoneuroimmunology or PNI
48. Any of several chemical substances - as epinephrine or acetylcholine - that transmit nerve impulses across a synapse to a postsynaptic element - as another nerve - muscle - or gland.
frontal lobe
Parietal lobe
neurotransmitter
dependent variable
49. Of or pertaining to the mental processes of perception - memory - judgment - and reasoning - as contrasted with emotional and volitional processes
carl jung
catecholamines
cognitive
George Kelly
50. Adrenal glands secerets this to activate various organs that results in a phyiscal stress response
catecholamines
performance goals
John Bowlby
independent variable