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CLEP Intro To Psychology

Subjects : clep, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Stages of development - Stage 4 Competence - Industry vs. Inferiority - School-age / 6-11. Child comparing self worth to others (such as in a classroom environment). Child can recognize major disparities in personal abilities relative to other chil

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2. A schedule where reinforcement happens after a changing number of responses. Example gambling or sales






3. Accepted Freud's basic ideas - but doubted sex was all-consuming and gave more credit to consciousness and childhood






4. The science of life or living matter in all its forms and phenomena - especially with reference to origin - growth - reproduction - structure - and behavior.






5. Conflict that results from having to choose between two distasteful alternatives






6. State whereby a victim forms an emotional attachment to their captors.






7. Founded by Hermann Ebbinghaus. displays retention of information and forgetting over time. conclusions to this were that most forgetting happens right after learning something. this was modified to that forgetting doesn't occur that quickly if the su






8. The appearance of things relative to one another as determined by their distance from the viewer






9. Any of several chemical substances - as epinephrine or acetylcholine - that transmit nerve impulses across a synapse to a postsynaptic element - as another nerve - muscle - or gland.






10. A neurotransmitter that enables learning and memory and also triggers muscle contraction. - lack of production is linked to Alzheimer's






11. The extent to which data collected from a sample can be generalized to the entire population.






12. Stages of development - Stage 6 Love (in intimate relationships - work and family) - Intimacy vs. Isolation - Young adult / mid twenties till early forties. Who do I want to be with or date - what am I going to do with my life? Will I settle down?

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13. Abbreviation for computerized axial tomography - uses a computer and a rotating x-ray device to create detailed - cross-sectional images - or slices - of organs and body parts






14. The scientific study of how we think about - influence - and relate to one another






15. Created the Stages of Moral Development - relied for his studies on stories such as the Heinz dilemma - and was interested in how individuals would justify their actions if placed in similar moral dilemmas






16. The denial of any power or moral value superior to that of humanity; the rejection of religion in favour of a belief in the advancement of humanity by its own efforts






17. Behavioral approach - the attempt to relate overt (open to view or knowledge; not concealed or secret) responses to observable environmental stimuli (something that excites an organism or part to functional activity).






18. A measure of how well the variables of one test (could be personality) measure the same things as the variables of a similar test.






19. The science that deals with the origins - physical and cultural development - biological characteristics - and social customs and beliefs of humankind.






20. Adrenaline; activates a sympathetic nervous system by making the heart beat faster - stopping digestion - enlarging pupils - sending sugar into the bloodstream - preparing a blood clot faster






21. The adjustment of one's schemas to include newly observed events and experiences






22. Personal Construct Psychology. investigative technique - which would remove the influence of the observer's frame of reference on what was observed. he believed (personal construct theory) our personality consists of our thoughts about ourselves - in






23. Goals framed in terms of increasing ones competence and skills






24. Secreted from the adrenal cortex - aids the body during stress by increasing glucose levels






25. The process through which the body absorbs social stress and manifests symptoms of suffering; also called embodiment






26. The 'little brain' attached to the rear of the brainstem; its functions include processing sensory input and coordinating movement output and balance






27. Any reinforcer that becomes reinforcing after being paired with a primary reinforcer - such as praise - tokens - or gold stars






28. An innately reinforcing stimulus - such as one that satisfies a biological need






29. Pioneer in observational learning (AKA social learning) - stated that people profit from the mistakes/successes of others; Studies: Bobo Dolls-adults demonstrated 'appropriate' play with dolls - children mimicked play






30. Situation in which previously learned information hinders the recall of information learned more recently






31. The first person to study memory scientifically and systematically; used nonsense syllables and recorded how many times he had to study a list to remember it well






32. Findings that provide a multilayered - comprehensive understanding of human behavior. Ex. study of stress and human response has to be done from a biological - social and cognitive perspective.






33. Stages of development - Stage 5 Fidelity - Identity vs. Role Confusion - Adolescent / 12 years till mid twenties. Questioning of self. Who am I - how do I fit in? Where am I going in life? Erikson believes that if the parents allow the child to exp

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34. (psychology) a stimulus that strengthens or weakens the behavior that produced it






35. The aggregate (sum or assemblage of many separate units; sum total) of responses to internal and external stimuli.






36. Considered the Father of modern psychology; study of mental processes - introspection - and self-exam; established the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig - Germany






37. Any clinical approach to personality - as Freud's - that sees personality as the result of a dynamic interplay of conscious and unconscious factors.






38. Anti adrenaline - affects neurons involved in increased heart rate and the slowing of intestinal activity during stress - and neurons involved in learning - memory - dreaming - waking from sleep - and emotion. increase arousal and boost mood-scarce d






39. Adrenal glands secerets this to activate various organs that results in a phyiscal stress response






40. The light-sensitive inner surface of the eye - containing the receptor rods and cones plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual information






41. Helps the body process new information by adapting to old stimuli and making space for new ones






42. Created the 'hierarchy of needs -'--physiological needs - safety & security - love & belonging - self-esteem - self-actualization.






43. Experimental results caused by expectations alone; any effect on behavior caused by the administration of an inert substance or condition - which is assumed to be an active agent






44. Three facets: intimacy - commitment - and passion.

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45. (1821-1894) Emphasized a mechanistic and deterministic approach - assuming human sense organs functioned like machines - Neural Impulse: studied reaction times for sensory nerves in humans - demonstrated that speed of conduction was not instantaneous






46. A 'SNAPSHOT' of a phenomenon such as cancer rate. a number of variables affect one another in a single point in time.






47. Attachment theory -






48. Observation or examination of one's own mental and emotional state - mental processes - etc.; the act of looking within oneself.






49. A negative condition is introduced to reduce a behavior.






50. The study of the relationships among psychology - the nervous and endocrine systems - and the immune system.