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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Intro To Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A systematic method of deriving conclusions that cannot be false when the premises are true - esp one amenable to formalization and study by the science of logic
Lev Vygotsky
deduction
Erik Erikson's
Three phases of memory process
2. Freud's theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts; the techniques used in treating psychological disorders by seeking to expose and interpret unconscious tensions
Repression
limbic system
psychoanalysis
endorphins
3. The light-sensitive inner surface of the eye - containing the receptor rods and cones plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual information
retina
neuroscientist
Hermann von Helmholtz
hierarchy of needs
4. The science of life or living matter in all its forms and phenomena - especially with reference to origin - growth - reproduction - structure - and behavior.
biology
criterion validity
neurotransmitter
cognitive
5. Level 1 (Pre-Conventional) 1. Obedience and punishment orientation (How can I avoid punishment?) 2. Self-interest orientation (What's in it for me? Paying for a benefit.) - Level 2 (Conventional) 3. Interpersonal accord and conformity (Social norms -
Psychoneuroimmunology or PNI
carl jung
semantic memory
Stages of Moral Development
6. Stages of development - Stage 1 Hope - Basic Trust vs. Mistrust - Infant stage / 0-1 year. Does the child believe its caregivers to be reliable?
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7. Observation or examination of one's own mental and emotional state - mental processes - etc.; the act of looking within oneself.
cerebellum
introspection
Hermann Ebbinghaus
Erik Erikson's
8. The 'little brain' attached to the rear of the brainstem; its functions include processing sensory input and coordinating movement output and balance
cerebellum
babinksi reflex
experimental research
Erik Erikson's
9. The science that deals with the origins - physical and cultural development - biological characteristics - and social customs and beliefs of humankind.
criterion validity
anthropology
information processing theory
mastery goals
10. Portion posterior to the frontal lobe - responsible for sensations such as pain - temperature - and touch
somatic nervous system
parietal lobe
longitudinal study
endorphins
11. Attachment theory -
functional MRI
John Bowlby
occipital lobe
dependent variable
12. It adopts a holistic approach to human existence through investigations of meaning - values - freedom - tragedy - personal responsibility - human potential - spirituality - and self-actualization
variable ratio
humanistic
Erik Erikson's
B.F. Skinner
13. Considered the Father of modern psychology; study of mental processes - introspection - and self-exam; established the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig - Germany
Stages of Moral Development
internal validity
Erik Erikson's
Wilhelm Wundt
14. Research in which the same people are restudied and retested over a long period
George Kelly
Humanism
Piaget's theory of child cognitive development 4 stages
longitudinal study
15. A therapist who deals with mental and emotional disorders
proactive interference
clinical psychologist
differentiation
naturalistic observation
16. A psychologist who uses psychological concepts to make the workplace a more satisfying environment for employees and managers
industrial-organizational psychologist
concept
Lawrence Kohlberg
synaptic cleft
17. Stages of development - Stage 3 Purpose - Initiative vs. Guilt - Preschool / 3-6 years - Can the child plan or do things on his own - such as dress him or herself. If 'guilty' about making his or her own choices - the child will not function well. E
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18. The appearance of things relative to one another as determined by their distance from the viewer
parietal lobe
linear perspective
displacement
central nervous system
19. Any of several chemical substances - as epinephrine or acetylcholine - that transmit nerve impulses across a synapse to a postsynaptic element - as another nerve - muscle - or gland.
mastery goals
experimental research
neurotransmitter
forgetting curve
20. The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied
abreaction
independent variable
social psychologist
Lawrence Kohlberg
21. The study of the relationships among psychology - the nervous and endocrine systems - and the immune system.
Psychoneuroimmunology or PNI
Hermann von Helmholtz
Erik Erikson's
Sternberg's triangular view
22. Present evidence to support your claims
Erik Erikson's
behavior
argument by evidence
somatic nervous system
23. Helps the body process new information by adapting to old stimuli and making space for new ones
John Locke
sensory adaptation
cortisol
etiology
24. Maslow's pyramid of human needs - beginning at the base with physiological needs that must first be satisfied before higher-level safety needs and then psychological needs become active - Maslow's Theory of Motivation which states that we must achiev
biology
hierarchy of needs
Lawrence Kohlberg
frontal lobe
25. The process through which the body absorbs social stress and manifests symptoms of suffering; also called embodiment
somatization
George Kelly
absolute threshold
psychodynamic
26. Stages of development - Stage 5 Fidelity - Identity vs. Role Confusion - Adolescent / 12 years till mid twenties. Questioning of self. Who am I - how do I fit in? Where am I going in life? Erikson believes that if the parents allow the child to exp
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27. Study of the brain interested in the biological bases of human disorders such as Parkinson's and Huntington's. Neuroscience is a branch of research that is concerned with the underlying physical changes that accompany brain disorders
Erik Erikson's
significant psychological research
neuroscientist
somatization
28. How the memory processes information - long term memory - short term memory - sensory information
information processing theory
longitudinal study
drive reduction
ACTH
29. Behavioral approach - the attempt to relate overt (open to view or knowledge; not concealed or secret) responses to observable environmental stimuli (something that excites an organism or part to functional activity).
Meyer Friedman
Repression
Ivan Pavlov
psychological science
30. A study of an individual unit - as a person - family - or social group - usually emphasizing developmental issues and relationships with the environment - especially in order to compare a larger group to the individual unit.
sensory adaptation
case study
behavior
cross-sectional study
31. (psychology) a stimulus that strengthens or weakens the behavior that produced it
Erik Erikson's
linear perspective
reinforcer
sociology
32. An innately reinforcing stimulus - such as one that satisfies a biological need
sympathetic nervous system
industrial-organizational psychologist
primary reinforcer
proactive interference
33. In psychoanalytic theory - the basic defense mechanism that banishes from consciousness anxiety-arousing thoughts - feelings - and memories
fixed ratio
Repression
Sternberg's triangular view
dependent variable
34. Founded by Hermann Ebbinghaus. displays retention of information and forgetting over time. conclusions to this were that most forgetting happens right after learning something. this was modified to that forgetting doesn't occur that quickly if the su
hierarchy of needs
corticosteriods
forgetting curve
William James
35. Portion behind to the frontal lobe - responsible for sensations such as pain - temperature - and touch
Parietal lobe
cortisol
Meyer Friedman
cognitive
36. Researcher who pioneered the development of type A (high achieving - multi-taskers who are always very stressed and in a hurry.) and type B (easy going relaxed and not always in a hurry.) personality types based on how well they respond to the multip
babinksi reflex
acetylcholine
Meyer Friedman
differentiation
37. Images are flashed to the left visual fields (therefore the right hemisphere) and individual cannot name object - but can locate it. Images are flashed to the right visual fields (therefore the left hemisphere) and individual can name object.
biology
REM sleep
split brain study
Ivan Pavlov
38. Part of the cerebral cortex; coordinates messages from other cerebral lobes; involved in complex problem-solving tasks - thinking - self-control - judgment - emotion regulation - personality affects - concentration - goal directed behavior; restructu
occipital lobe
Abraham Maslow
frontal lobe
linear perspective
39. Stages of development - Stage 6 Love (in intimate relationships - work and family) - Intimacy vs. Isolation - Young adult / mid twenties till early forties. Who do I want to be with or date - what am I going to do with my life? Will I settle down?
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40. Stages of development - Stage 2 Will - Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt - Toddler stage / 1-3 years. Child needs to learn to explore the world. Bad if the parent is too smothering or completely neglectful.
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41. (1821-1894) Emphasized a mechanistic and deterministic approach - assuming human sense organs functioned like machines - Neural Impulse: studied reaction times for sensory nerves in humans - demonstrated that speed of conduction was not instantaneous
functional MRI
argument by evidence
Hermann von Helmholtz
reinforcer
42. Physiological needs drive an organism to act in either random or habitual ways
concept
drive reduction
growth hormone
Psychoneuroimmunology or PNI
43. Three facets: intimacy - commitment - and passion.
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44. A negative condition is introduced to reduce a behavior.
Meyer Friedman
longitudinal study
negative punishment
parasympathetic nervous system
45. The scientific study of how we think about - influence - and relate to one another
Sternberg's triangular view
interaction
social psychologist
Psychoneuroimmunology or PNI
46. The division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body - mobilizing its energy in stressful situations. Also called a fight or flight response.
cerebellum
nonrepinephrine
sympathetic nervous system
sensory adaptation
47. A process by which repressed material - particularly a painful experience or conflict is brought back to consciousness - in this process the person not only recalls - but also relived the repressed material - which is accompained by the appropriate a
somatization
displacement
negative punishment
abreaction
48. Situation in which previously learned information hinders the recall of information learned more recently
linear perspective
sympathetic nervous system
synaptic cleft
proactive interference
49. The science or study of the origin - development - organization - and functioning of human society; the science of the fundamental laws of social relations - institutions - etc.
occipital lobe
sociology
humanistic
William James
50. Austrian neurologist who originated psychoanalysis (1856-1939); Said that human behavior is irrational; behavior is the outcome of conflict between the id (irrational unconscious driven by sexual - aggressive - and pleasure-seeking desires) and ego (
fixed ratio
Sigmund Freud
Meyer Friedman
anthropology