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CLEP Intro To Psychology

Subjects : clep, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Substance secreted by the anterior pituitary; controls size of an individual by promoting cell division - protein synthesis - and bone growth






2. The appearance of things relative to one another as determined by their distance from the viewer






3. English empiricist philosopher who believed that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience (1632-1704)






4. The science that deals with the origins - physical and cultural development - biological characteristics - and social customs and beliefs of humankind.






5. Created the Stages of Moral Development - relied for his studies on stories such as the Heinz dilemma - and was interested in how individuals would justify their actions if placed in similar moral dilemmas






6. Theory of child development included the Socratic method of questioning children by guiding them to reflect on their behavior. His emphasis on self-awareness and reflection has been adopted into school curricula and used to help students become criti






7. Research in which the same people are restudied and retested over a long period






8. Act on the immune system to suppress the body's response to infection or trauma. Relieve inflammation - reduce swelling - and suppress symptoms in acute conditions






9. Helps the body process new information by adapting to old stimuli and making space for new ones






10. Accepted Freud's basic ideas - but doubted sex was all-consuming and gave more credit to consciousness and childhood






11. Findings that provide a multilayered - comprehensive understanding of human behavior. Ex. study of stress and human response has to be done from a biological - social and cognitive perspective.






12. Originating in or based on observation or experience






13. State whereby a victim forms an emotional attachment to their captors.






14. Stages of development - Stage 8 Wisdom - Ego Integrity vs. Despair - old age / from mid sixties. Some handle death well. Some can be bitter - unhappy - and/or dissatisfied with what they have accomplished or failed to accomplish within their lifetim

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15. The denial of any power or moral value superior to that of humanity; the rejection of religion in favour of a belief in the advancement of humanity by its own efforts






16. Simultaneous color contrast: an effect that occurs when surrounding an area with a color changes the appearence of the surrounded area. - the theory that opposing retinal processes (red-green - yellow-blue - white-black) enable color vision. For exam






17. Any clinical approach to personality - as Freud's - that sees personality as the result of a dynamic interplay of conscious and unconscious factors.






18. Adrenaline; activates a sympathetic nervous system by making the heart beat faster - stopping digestion - enlarging pupils - sending sugar into the bloodstream - preparing a blood clot faster






19. Severe mental illness characterized by auditory hallucinations - paranoia and an inability to distinguish reality from fiction






20. A negative condition is introduced to reduce a behavior.






21. Founded by Hermann Ebbinghaus. displays retention of information and forgetting over time. conclusions to this were that most forgetting happens right after learning something. this was modified to that forgetting doesn't occur that quickly if the su






22. 1896-1934; russian developmental psychologist who emphasized the role of the social environment on cognitive development and proposed the idea of zones of proximal development. GUIDED PARTICIPATION - Children's interaction with knowledgeable adults o






23. A process by which repressed material - particularly a painful experience or conflict is brought back to consciousness - in this process the person not only recalls - but also relived the repressed material - which is accompained by the appropriate a






24. Level 1 (Pre-Conventional) 1. Obedience and punishment orientation (How can I avoid punishment?) 2. Self-interest orientation (What's in it for me? Paying for a benefit.) - Level 2 (Conventional) 3. Interpersonal accord and conformity (Social norms -






25. One of the earliest psychologists in America who undertook a rigorous and structures approach to studying personality. He identified the idiographic and nomothetic views to personality.






26. The light-sensitive inner surface of the eye - containing the receptor rods and cones plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual information






27. A measure of how well the variables of one test (could be personality) measure the same things as the variables of a similar test.






28. The outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of the independent variable






29. Observing subjects in their natural environment with no attempts at intervention on the part of the researcher.






30. A methodical - logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem






31. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation






32. Allows researchers to scan areas of the brain while a participant performs a physical or cognitive task






33. The aggregate (sum or assemblage of many separate units; sum total) of responses to internal and external stimuli.






34. Portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the back of the head; visual areas






35. Personal Construct Psychology. investigative technique - which would remove the influence of the observer's frame of reference on what was observed. he believed (personal construct theory) our personality consists of our thoughts about ourselves - in






36. A mutual or reciprocal relationship between two or more things






37. The science of life or living matter in all its forms and phenomena - especially with reference to origin - growth - reproduction - structure - and behavior.






38. Study of the brain interested in the biological bases of human disorders such as Parkinson's and Huntington's. Neuroscience is a branch of research that is concerned with the underlying physical changes that accompany brain disorders






39. Technique of field research - used in anthropology and sociology - by which an investigator (participant observer) studies the life of a group by sharing in its activities






40. Stages of development - Stage 1 Hope - Basic Trust vs. Mistrust - Infant stage / 0-1 year. Does the child believe its caregivers to be reliable?

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41. Of or pertaining to the mental processes of perception - memory - judgment - and reasoning - as contrasted with emotional and volitional processes






42. The 'little brain' attached to the rear of the brainstem; its functions include processing sensory input and coordinating movement output and balance






43. The division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body's skeletal muscles. Also called the skeletal nervous system






44. The first person to study memory scientifically and systematically; used nonsense syllables and recorded how many times he had to study a list to remember it well






45. Stages of development - Stage 7 Caring - Generativity vs. Stagnation - early forties till mid sixties / starts as the Mid-life crisis. Measure accomplishments/failures. Am I satisfied or not? The need to assist the younger generation. Stagnation is

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46. Observation or examination of one's own mental and emotional state - mental processes - etc.; the act of looking within oneself.






47. A neurotransmitter that enables learning and memory and also triggers muscle contraction. - lack of production is linked to Alzheimer's






48. Any reinforcer that becomes reinforcing after being paired with a primary reinforcer - such as praise - tokens - or gold stars






49. A microscopic gap between the terminal button of one neuron and the cell membrane of another neuron






50. Describes a schedule of reinforcement wherein a worker is paid for a certain sum for each product produced