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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Intro To Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Helps the body process new information by adapting to old stimuli and making space for new ones
sensory adaptation
anthropology
shizophrenia
significant psychological research
2. A study of an individual unit - as a person - family - or social group - usually emphasizing developmental issues and relationships with the environment - especially in order to compare a larger group to the individual unit.
case study
anonymity
Piaget's theory of child cognitive development 4 stages
reciprocal determinism
3. A schedule where reinforcement happens after a changing number of responses. Example gambling or sales
functionalism
Erik Erikson's
variable ratio
psychoanalysis
4. The scientific study of how we think about - influence - and relate to one another
forgetting curve
neurotransmitter
social psychologist
experimental research
5. Personal Construct Psychology. investigative technique - which would remove the influence of the observer's frame of reference on what was observed. he believed (personal construct theory) our personality consists of our thoughts about ourselves - in
George Kelly
Albert Bandura
independent variable
nonrepinephrine
6. Situation in which previously learned information hinders the recall of information learned more recently
humanistic
Albert Bandura
proactive interference
cognitive
7. Founded by Hermann Ebbinghaus. displays retention of information and forgetting over time. conclusions to this were that most forgetting happens right after learning something. this was modified to that forgetting doesn't occur that quickly if the su
significant psychological research
forgetting curve
fovea
argument by evidence
8. Process in which cells become specialized in structure and function.
differentiation
somatic nervous system
Erik Erikson's
sensory adaptation
9. Reciprocal action - effect - or influence.
concept
somatization
interaction
split brain study
10. State whereby a victim forms an emotional attachment to their captors.
external validity
Stockholm syndrome
dopamine
primary reinforcer
11. Observation or examination of one's own mental and emotional state - mental processes - etc.; the act of looking within oneself.
introspection
forgetting curve
growth hormone
Hermann von Helmholtz
12. The division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body - conserving its energy.
parasympathetic nervous system
sociology
sympathetic nervous system
absolute threshold
13. 1896-1934; russian developmental psychologist who emphasized the role of the social environment on cognitive development and proposed the idea of zones of proximal development. GUIDED PARTICIPATION - Children's interaction with knowledgeable adults o
independent variable
Lev Vygotsky
placebo effect
William James
14. The part of declarative memory that stores general information such as names and facts.
George Kelly
William James
semantic memory
criterion validity
15. How the memory processes information - long term memory - short term memory - sensory information
limbic system
epinephrine
psychoanalysis
information processing theory
16. Theory set forth by psychologist Albert Bandura that a person's behavior both influences and is influenced by personal factors and the social environment
Erik Erikson's
sociology
psychoanalysis
reciprocal determinism
17. Maslow's pyramid of human needs - beginning at the base with physiological needs that must first be satisfied before higher-level safety needs and then psychological needs become active - Maslow's Theory of Motivation which states that we must achiev
parietal lobe
cortisol
anthropology
hierarchy of needs
18. A school of psychology that focused on how mental and behavioral processes function - how they enable the organism to adapt - survive - and flourish.
clinical psychologist
corticosteriods
functionalism
longitudinal study
19. Stages of development - Stage 8 Wisdom - Ego Integrity vs. Despair - old age / from mid sixties. Some handle death well. Some can be bitter - unhappy - and/or dissatisfied with what they have accomplished or failed to accomplish within their lifetim
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20. The state of being anonymous
anonymity
forgetting curve
accomodation
Erik Erikson's
21. One of the earliest psychologists in America who undertook a rigorous and structures approach to studying personality. He identified the idiographic and nomothetic views to personality.
Lev Vygotsky
Gordon Allport
Humanism
Albert Bandura
22. A systematic method of deriving conclusions that cannot be false when the premises are true - esp one amenable to formalization and study by the science of logic
absolute threshold
sensory adaptation
industrial-organizational psychologist
deduction
23. Three facets: intimacy - commitment - and passion.
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24. A neurotransmitter that enables learning and memory and also triggers muscle contraction. - lack of production is linked to Alzheimer's
forgetting curve
William James
acetylcholine
sociology
25. Classical conditioning. trained a dog to respond to the sound of a bell by pairing it up with food.
proactive interference
Meyer Friedman
Ivan Pavlov
Three phases of memory process
26. A therapist who deals with mental and emotional disorders
oxytocin
clinical psychologist
catecholamines
growth hormone
27. The cause of a disease
etiology
criterion validity
Sternberg's triangular view
Lev Vygotsky
28. The lowest level of stimulation that a person can detect
absolute threshold
forgetting curve
split brain study
central nervous system
29. Any clinical approach to personality - as Freud's - that sees personality as the result of a dynamic interplay of conscious and unconscious factors.
significant psychological research
B.F. Skinner
semantic memory
psychodynamic
30. Technique of field research - used in anthropology and sociology - by which an investigator (participant observer) studies the life of a group by sharing in its activities
correlation
abreaction
central nervous system
participant observation
31. The 'little brain' attached to the rear of the brainstem; its functions include processing sensory input and coordinating movement output and balance
criterion validity
neuroscientist
corticosteriods
cerebellum
32. Theory of child development included the Socratic method of questioning children by guiding them to reflect on their behavior. His emphasis on self-awareness and reflection has been adopted into school curricula and used to help students become criti
internal validity
epinephrine
experimental psychologist
Jean Piaget
33. The division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body's skeletal muscles. Also called the skeletal nervous system
anonymity
introspection
argument by evidence
somatic nervous system
34. It is a collection of research designs which use manipulation and controlled testing to understand causal processes. Generally - one or more variables are manipulated to determine their effect on a dependent variable
experimental research
participant observation
Erik Erikson's
Erik Erikson's
35. Substance secreted by the anterior pituitary; controls size of an individual by promoting cell division - protein synthesis - and bone growth
growth hormone
empirical evidence
cortisol
Gordon Allport
36. The first person to study memory scientifically and systematically; used nonsense syllables and recorded how many times he had to study a list to remember it well
linear perspective
Hermann Ebbinghaus
Ivan Pavlov
Erik Erikson's
37. Study of the brain interested in the biological bases of human disorders such as Parkinson's and Huntington's. Neuroscience is a branch of research that is concerned with the underlying physical changes that accompany brain disorders
reinforcer
semantic memory
anonymity
neuroscientist
38. Researcher who pioneered the development of type A (high achieving - multi-taskers who are always very stressed and in a hurry.) and type B (easy going relaxed and not always in a hurry.) personality types based on how well they respond to the multip
Meyer Friedman
frontal lobe
Anna Freud
George Kelly
39. A mutual or reciprocal relationship between two or more things
limbic system
Parietal lobe
Erik Erikson's
correlation
40. The light-sensitive inner surface of the eye - containing the receptor rods and cones plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual information
fovea
retina
ACTH
mastery goals
41. Goals framed in terms of performing well in front of others - being judged favorably - and avoiding criticism
Erik Erikson's
performance goals
reciprocal determinism
Parietal lobe
42. A hormone released by the pituitary gland of the brain during childbirth - breastfeeding - and intercourse - causing emotional bonding between persons in whom it is released
neofreudian
oxytocin
somatic nervous system
clinical psychologist
43. Theory states that the acquisitiion of new knowledge and behaviors is central to human development. Was a pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. he is famous fo
interaction
B.F. Skinner
external validity
primary reinforcer
44. The science of life or living matter in all its forms and phenomena - especially with reference to origin - growth - reproduction - structure - and behavior.
deduction
biology
Parietal lobe
reinforcer
45. Adrenocorticotropic hormone - produced by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the adrenal cortex regulates the production of cortisol(steriod hormone) from anterior pituitary
epinephrine
dopamine
ACTH
acetylcholine
46. Austrian neurologist who originated psychoanalysis (1856-1939); Said that human behavior is irrational; behavior is the outcome of conflict between the id (irrational unconscious driven by sexual - aggressive - and pleasure-seeking desires) and ego (
endorphins
cortisol
deduction
Sigmund Freud
47. (1821-1894) Emphasized a mechanistic and deterministic approach - assuming human sense organs functioned like machines - Neural Impulse: studied reaction times for sensory nerves in humans - demonstrated that speed of conduction was not instantaneous
psychodynamic
Hermann von Helmholtz
Anna Freud
REM sleep
48. Severe mental illness characterized by auditory hallucinations - paranoia and an inability to distinguish reality from fiction
argument by evidence
frontal lobe
shizophrenia
neuroscientist
49. A methodical - logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem
psychoanalysis
occipital lobe
algorithm
drive reduction
50. Rapid low-amplitude waves. less prevalent in adults
psychoanalysis
linear perspective
REM sleep
George Kelly