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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Intro To Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A psychologist who uses psychological concepts to make the workplace a more satisfying environment for employees and managers
industrial-organizational psychologist
cognitive
accomodation
central nervous system
2. Any clinical approach to personality - as Freud's - that sees personality as the result of a dynamic interplay of conscious and unconscious factors.
neofreudian
deduction
psychodynamic
Erik Erikson's
3. Neurotransmitter that influences voluntary movement - attention - alertness; lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson's disease; too much is linked with schizophrenia
participant observation
Erik Erikson's
Albert Bandura
dopamine
4. Stages of development - Stage 5 Fidelity - Identity vs. Role Confusion - Adolescent / 12 years till mid twenties. Questioning of self. Who am I - how do I fit in? Where am I going in life? Erikson believes that if the parents allow the child to exp
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5. An innately reinforcing stimulus - such as one that satisfies a biological need
neofreudian
reinforcer
Wilhelm Wundt
primary reinforcer
6. Situation in which previously learned information hinders the recall of information learned more recently
anonymity
proactive interference
experimental research
Ivan Pavlov
7. Physiological needs drive an organism to act in either random or habitual ways
Meyer Friedman
John Bowlby
interaction
drive reduction
8. The adjustment of one's schemas to include newly observed events and experiences
REM sleep
accomodation
Sigmund Freud
criterion validity
9. Simultaneous color contrast: an effect that occurs when surrounding an area with a color changes the appearence of the surrounded area. - the theory that opposing retinal processes (red-green - yellow-blue - white-black) enable color vision. For exam
Stockholm syndrome
opponent-process theory
Erik Erikson
internal validity
10. The aggregate (sum or assemblage of many separate units; sum total) of responses to internal and external stimuli.
dopamine
social psychologist
functional MRI
behavior
11. Stages of development - Stage 6 Love (in intimate relationships - work and family) - Intimacy vs. Isolation - Young adult / mid twenties till early forties. Who do I want to be with or date - what am I going to do with my life? Will I settle down?
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12. Behavioral approach - the attempt to relate overt (open to view or knowledge; not concealed or secret) responses to observable environmental stimuli (something that excites an organism or part to functional activity).
psychological science
etiology
William James
sociology
13. Stages of development - Stage 2 Will - Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt - Toddler stage / 1-3 years. Child needs to learn to explore the world. Bad if the parent is too smothering or completely neglectful.
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14. Any reinforcer that becomes reinforcing after being paired with a primary reinforcer - such as praise - tokens - or gold stars
secondary reinforcer
Parietal lobe
hierarchy of needs
Erik Erikson's
15. Three facets: intimacy - commitment - and passion.
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16. The quality of unselfish concern for the welfare of others
Albert Bandura
altruism
sympathetic nervous system
Stages of Moral Development
17. Sensorimotor - birth to language - Preoperational - 2-7 - Concrete Operational - 7 - 11 - Formal Operational 11 - Adult Abstract Thoughts
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18. A study of an individual unit - as a person - family - or social group - usually emphasizing developmental issues and relationships with the environment - especially in order to compare a larger group to the individual unit.
Stages of Moral Development
case study
oxytocin
shizophrenia
19. Goals framed in terms of performing well in front of others - being judged favorably - and avoiding criticism
argument by evidence
Erik Erikson's
performance goals
Stages of Moral Development
20. Reciprocal action - effect - or influence.
primary reinforcer
abreaction
Humanism
interaction
21. Adrenocorticotropic hormone - produced by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the adrenal cortex regulates the production of cortisol(steriod hormone) from anterior pituitary
ACTH
William James
reciprocal determinism
Meyer Friedman
22. Founder of functionalism; studied how humans use perception to function in our environment; wrote first psychology textbook - The Principles of Psychology
significant psychological research
Erik Erikson's
B.F. Skinner
William James
23. A methodical - logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem
information processing theory
Repression
algorithm
somatization
24. A theory of personality that emphasizes free will and human agency in directing personal behavior. the doctrine emphasizing a person's capacity for self-realization through reason
epinephrine
Humanism
Erik Erikson's
anthropology
25. The lowest level of stimulation that a person can detect
carl jung
REM sleep
William James
absolute threshold
26. Portion posterior to the frontal lobe - responsible for sensations such as pain - temperature - and touch
frontal lobe
Abraham Maslow
parietal lobe
introspection
27. Stroke bottom of the foot up and across by the toes and the toes fan out
retina
empirical evidence
babinksi reflex
Meyer Friedman
28. Attachment theory -
argument by evidence
placebo effect
John Bowlby
psychological science
29. One of the earliest psychologists in America who undertook a rigorous and structures approach to studying personality. He identified the idiographic and nomothetic views to personality.
endorphins
independent variable
catecholamines
Gordon Allport
30. The portion of the vertebrate nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord that perceives - gathers - interprets - and records incoming sensory information and also sends out communication destined for muscles - glands and internal organs s
central nervous system
longitudinal study
Piaget's theory of child cognitive development 4 stages
variable ratio
31. A doughnut-shaped system of neural structures at the border of the brainstem and cerebral hemispheres; associated with emotions such as fear and aggression and drives such as those for food and sex. Includes the hippocampus - amygdala - and hypothala
limbic system
correlation
carl jung
experimental psychologist
32. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation
Gordon Allport
correlation
carl jung
Humanism
33. Research in which the same people are restudied and retested over a long period
negative punishment
central nervous system
frontal lobe
longitudinal study
34. Stages of development - Stage 8 Wisdom - Ego Integrity vs. Despair - old age / from mid sixties. Some handle death well. Some can be bitter - unhappy - and/or dissatisfied with what they have accomplished or failed to accomplish within their lifetim
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35. The outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of the independent variable
B.F. Skinner
George Kelly
dependent variable
Erik Erikson
36. A therapist who deals with mental and emotional disorders
Meyer Friedman
independent variable
reinforcer
clinical psychologist
37. Theory of child development included the Socratic method of questioning children by guiding them to reflect on their behavior. His emphasis on self-awareness and reflection has been adopted into school curricula and used to help students become criti
fovea
sensory adaptation
abreaction
Jean Piaget
38. Researcher who pioneered the development of type A (high achieving - multi-taskers who are always very stressed and in a hurry.) and type B (easy going relaxed and not always in a hurry.) personality types based on how well they respond to the multip
primary reinforcer
psychoanalysis
cognitive
Meyer Friedman
39. How the memory processes information - long term memory - short term memory - sensory information
information processing theory
neofreudian
significant psychological research
Meyer Friedman
40. The cause of a disease
etiology
nonrepinephrine
Erik Erikson's
placebo effect
41. Focused on child psychoanalysis - fully developed defense mechanisms - emphasized importance of the ego and its constant struggle
Anna Freud
growth hormone
semantic memory
Psychoneuroimmunology or PNI
42. Created the Stages of Moral Development - relied for his studies on stories such as the Heinz dilemma - and was interested in how individuals would justify their actions if placed in similar moral dilemmas
psychodynamic
Lawrence Kohlberg
Gordon Allport
experimental research
43. (1821-1894) Emphasized a mechanistic and deterministic approach - assuming human sense organs functioned like machines - Neural Impulse: studied reaction times for sensory nerves in humans - demonstrated that speed of conduction was not instantaneous
anonymity
Hermann von Helmholtz
criterion validity
etiology
44. Portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the back of the head; visual areas
psychoanalysis
significant psychological research
occipital lobe
linear perspective
45. Of or pertaining to the mental processes of perception - memory - judgment - and reasoning - as contrasted with emotional and volitional processes
accomodation
Stages of Moral Development
displacement
cognitive
46. A schedule where reinforcement happens after a changing number of responses. Example gambling or sales
retina
variable ratio
deduction
parietal lobe
47. Images are flashed to the left visual fields (therefore the right hemisphere) and individual cannot name object - but can locate it. Images are flashed to the right visual fields (therefore the left hemisphere) and individual can name object.
algorithm
split brain study
fovea
performance goals
48. Stages of development - Stage 7 Caring - Generativity vs. Stagnation - early forties till mid sixties / starts as the Mid-life crisis. Measure accomplishments/failures. Am I satisfied or not? The need to assist the younger generation. Stagnation is
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49. Helps the body process new information by adapting to old stimuli and making space for new ones
nonrepinephrine
sensory adaptation
deduction
Humanism
50. Accepted Freud's basic ideas - but doubted sex was all-consuming and gave more credit to consciousness and childhood
neofreudian
argument by evidence
Erik Erikson's
primary reinforcer