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CLEP Intro To Psychology

Subjects : clep, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A schedule where reinforcement happens after a changing number of responses. Example gambling or sales






2. Abbreviation for computerized axial tomography - uses a computer and a rotating x-ray device to create detailed - cross-sectional images - or slices - of organs and body parts






3. Created the Stages of Moral Development - relied for his studies on stories such as the Heinz dilemma - and was interested in how individuals would justify their actions if placed in similar moral dilemmas






4. The appearance of things relative to one another as determined by their distance from the viewer






5. Any reinforcer that becomes reinforcing after being paired with a primary reinforcer - such as praise - tokens - or gold stars






6. A 'SNAPSHOT' of a phenomenon such as cancer rate. a number of variables affect one another in a single point in time.






7. A neurotransmitter that enables learning and memory and also triggers muscle contraction. - lack of production is linked to Alzheimer's






8. Adrenal glands secerets this to activate various organs that results in a phyiscal stress response






9. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation






10. Created the 'hierarchy of needs -'--physiological needs - safety & security - love & belonging - self-esteem - self-actualization.






11. A school of psychology that focused on how mental and behavioral processes function - how they enable the organism to adapt - survive - and flourish.






12. Goals framed in terms of performing well in front of others - being judged favorably - and avoiding criticism






13. Stages of development - Stage 4 Competence - Industry vs. Inferiority - School-age / 6-11. Child comparing self worth to others (such as in a classroom environment). Child can recognize major disparities in personal abilities relative to other chil

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14. The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied






15. Natural - opiatelike neurotransmitters linked to pain control and to pleasure






16. The 'little brain' attached to the rear of the brainstem; its functions include processing sensory input and coordinating movement output and balance






17. A doughnut-shaped system of neural structures at the border of the brainstem and cerebral hemispheres; associated with emotions such as fear and aggression and drives such as those for food and sex. Includes the hippocampus - amygdala - and hypothala






18. A therapist who deals with mental and emotional disorders






19. Situation in which previously learned information hinders the recall of information learned more recently






20. Inferences are said to possess internal validity if a causal relation between two variables is properly demonstrated.






21. The division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body's skeletal muscles. Also called the skeletal nervous system






22. The light-sensitive inner surface of the eye - containing the receptor rods and cones plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual information






23. Theory set forth by psychologist Albert Bandura that a person's behavior both influences and is influenced by personal factors and the social environment






24. Focused on child psychoanalysis - fully developed defense mechanisms - emphasized importance of the ego and its constant struggle






25. The extent to which data collected from a sample can be generalized to the entire population.






26. A microscopic gap between the terminal button of one neuron and the cell membrane of another neuron






27. Physiological needs drive an organism to act in either random or habitual ways






28. How the memory processes information - long term memory - short term memory - sensory information






29. Secreted from the adrenal cortex - aids the body during stress by increasing glucose levels






30. A systematic method of deriving conclusions that cannot be false when the premises are true - esp one amenable to formalization and study by the science of logic






31. Stages of development - Stage 8 Wisdom - Ego Integrity vs. Despair - old age / from mid sixties. Some handle death well. Some can be bitter - unhappy - and/or dissatisfied with what they have accomplished or failed to accomplish within their lifetim

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32. Stages of development - Stage 2 Will - Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt - Toddler stage / 1-3 years. Child needs to learn to explore the world. Bad if the parent is too smothering or completely neglectful.

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33. The scientific study of how we think about - influence - and relate to one another






34. The division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body - conserving its energy.






35. Observing subjects in their natural environment with no attempts at intervention on the part of the researcher.






36. Classical conditioning. trained a dog to respond to the sound of a bell by pairing it up with food.






37. Act on the immune system to suppress the body's response to infection or trauma. Relieve inflammation - reduce swelling - and suppress symptoms in acute conditions






38. The quality of unselfish concern for the welfare of others






39. The state of being anonymous






40. English empiricist philosopher who believed that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience (1632-1704)






41. Level 1 (Pre-Conventional) 1. Obedience and punishment orientation (How can I avoid punishment?) 2. Self-interest orientation (What's in it for me? Paying for a benefit.) - Level 2 (Conventional) 3. Interpersonal accord and conformity (Social norms -






42. The cause of a disease






43. One of the earliest psychologists in America who undertook a rigorous and structures approach to studying personality. He identified the idiographic and nomothetic views to personality.






44. Freud's theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts; the techniques used in treating psychological disorders by seeking to expose and interpret unconscious tensions






45. A theory of personality that emphasizes free will and human agency in directing personal behavior. the doctrine emphasizing a person's capacity for self-realization through reason






46. A methodical - logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem






47. Allows researchers to scan areas of the brain while a participant performs a physical or cognitive task






48. The process through which the body absorbs social stress and manifests symptoms of suffering; also called embodiment






49. Pioneer in observational learning (AKA social learning) - stated that people profit from the mistakes/successes of others; Studies: Bobo Dolls-adults demonstrated 'appropriate' play with dolls - children mimicked play






50. Three facets: intimacy - commitment - and passion.

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