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CLEP Intro To Psychology

Subjects : clep, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Founder of functionalism; studied how humans use perception to function in our environment; wrote first psychology textbook - The Principles of Psychology






2. The appearance of things relative to one another as determined by their distance from the viewer






3. Theory states that the acquisitiion of new knowledge and behaviors is central to human development. Was a pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. he is famous fo






4. Of or pertaining to the mental processes of perception - memory - judgment - and reasoning - as contrasted with emotional and volitional processes






5. 1896-1934; russian developmental psychologist who emphasized the role of the social environment on cognitive development and proposed the idea of zones of proximal development. GUIDED PARTICIPATION - Children's interaction with knowledgeable adults o






6. A hormone released by the pituitary gland of the brain during childbirth - breastfeeding - and intercourse - causing emotional bonding between persons in whom it is released






7. A negative condition is introduced to reduce a behavior.






8. In psychoanalytic theory - the basic defense mechanism that banishes from consciousness anxiety-arousing thoughts - feelings - and memories






9. (1821-1894) Emphasized a mechanistic and deterministic approach - assuming human sense organs functioned like machines - Neural Impulse: studied reaction times for sensory nerves in humans - demonstrated that speed of conduction was not instantaneous






10. Portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the back of the head; visual areas






11. Portion behind to the frontal lobe - responsible for sensations such as pain - temperature - and touch






12. Present evidence to support your claims






13. Part of the cerebral cortex; coordinates messages from other cerebral lobes; involved in complex problem-solving tasks - thinking - self-control - judgment - emotion regulation - personality affects - concentration - goal directed behavior; restructu






14. Anti adrenaline - affects neurons involved in increased heart rate and the slowing of intestinal activity during stress - and neurons involved in learning - memory - dreaming - waking from sleep - and emotion. increase arousal and boost mood-scarce d






15. The part of declarative memory that stores general information such as names and facts.






16. Stages of development - Stage 1 Hope - Basic Trust vs. Mistrust - Infant stage / 0-1 year. Does the child believe its caregivers to be reliable?

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17. Stroke bottom of the foot up and across by the toes and the toes fan out






18. The denial of any power or moral value superior to that of humanity; the rejection of religion in favour of a belief in the advancement of humanity by its own efforts






19. The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied






20. It is a collection of research designs which use manipulation and controlled testing to understand causal processes. Generally - one or more variables are manipulated to determine their effect on a dependent variable






21. Maslow's pyramid of human needs - beginning at the base with physiological needs that must first be satisfied before higher-level safety needs and then psychological needs become active - Maslow's Theory of Motivation which states that we must achiev






22. Behavioral approach - the attempt to relate overt (open to view or knowledge; not concealed or secret) responses to observable environmental stimuli (something that excites an organism or part to functional activity).






23. Physiological needs drive an organism to act in either random or habitual ways






24. Pioneer in observational learning (AKA social learning) - stated that people profit from the mistakes/successes of others; Studies: Bobo Dolls-adults demonstrated 'appropriate' play with dolls - children mimicked play






25. The division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body - conserving its energy.






26. Inferences are said to possess internal validity if a causal relation between two variables is properly demonstrated.






27. The 'little brain' attached to the rear of the brainstem; its functions include processing sensory input and coordinating movement output and balance






28. Simultaneous color contrast: an effect that occurs when surrounding an area with a color changes the appearence of the surrounded area. - the theory that opposing retinal processes (red-green - yellow-blue - white-black) enable color vision. For exam






29. How the memory processes information - long term memory - short term memory - sensory information






30. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation






31. A school of psychology that focused on how mental and behavioral processes function - how they enable the organism to adapt - survive - and flourish.






32. Situation in which previously learned information hinders the recall of information learned more recently






33. The science of life or living matter in all its forms and phenomena - especially with reference to origin - growth - reproduction - structure - and behavior.






34. The scientific study of how we think about - influence - and relate to one another






35. Any reinforcer that becomes reinforcing after being paired with a primary reinforcer - such as praise - tokens - or gold stars






36. A 'SNAPSHOT' of a phenomenon such as cancer rate. a number of variables affect one another in a single point in time.






37. A microscopic gap between the terminal button of one neuron and the cell membrane of another neuron






38. Adrenocorticotropic hormone - produced by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the adrenal cortex regulates the production of cortisol(steriod hormone) from anterior pituitary






39. The science or study of the origin - development - organization - and functioning of human society; the science of the fundamental laws of social relations - institutions - etc.






40. Sensorimotor - birth to language - Preoperational - 2-7 - Concrete Operational - 7 - 11 - Formal Operational 11 - Adult Abstract Thoughts

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41. Process in which cells become specialized in structure and function.






42. (psychology) a stimulus that strengthens or weakens the behavior that produced it






43. Goals framed in terms of performing well in front of others - being judged favorably - and avoiding criticism






44. Neurotransmitter that influences voluntary movement - attention - alertness; lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson's disease; too much is linked with schizophrenia






45. The adjustment of one's schemas to include newly observed events and experiences






46. Images are flashed to the left visual fields (therefore the right hemisphere) and individual cannot name object - but can locate it. Images are flashed to the right visual fields (therefore the left hemisphere) and individual can name object.






47. The first person to study memory scientifically and systematically; used nonsense syllables and recorded how many times he had to study a list to remember it well






48. Experimental results caused by expectations alone; any effect on behavior caused by the administration of an inert substance or condition - which is assumed to be an active agent






49. The state of being anonymous






50. The light-sensitive inner surface of the eye - containing the receptor rods and cones plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual information