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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Intro To Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. In psychoanalytic theory - the basic defense mechanism that banishes from consciousness anxiety-arousing thoughts - feelings - and memories
algorithm
shizophrenia
sociology
Repression
2. The state of being anonymous
social psychologist
shizophrenia
anonymity
secondary reinforcer
3. Rapid low-amplitude waves. less prevalent in adults
Erik Erikson's
cortisol
parasympathetic nervous system
REM sleep
4. Researcher who pioneered the development of type A (high achieving - multi-taskers who are always very stressed and in a hurry.) and type B (easy going relaxed and not always in a hurry.) personality types based on how well they respond to the multip
functional MRI
Meyer Friedman
negative punishment
Albert Bandura
5. The science of life or living matter in all its forms and phenomena - especially with reference to origin - growth - reproduction - structure - and behavior.
performance goals
Humanism
humanistic
biology
6. A hormone released by the pituitary gland of the brain during childbirth - breastfeeding - and intercourse - causing emotional bonding between persons in whom it is released
Parietal lobe
Wilhelm Wundt
proactive interference
oxytocin
7. A measure of how well the variables of one test (could be personality) measure the same things as the variables of a similar test.
criterion validity
information processing theory
REM sleep
altruism
8. An innately reinforcing stimulus - such as one that satisfies a biological need
primary reinforcer
Humanism
sympathetic nervous system
humanistic
9. Simultaneous color contrast: an effect that occurs when surrounding an area with a color changes the appearence of the surrounded area. - the theory that opposing retinal processes (red-green - yellow-blue - white-black) enable color vision. For exam
opponent-process theory
Erik Erikson's
nonrepinephrine
Erik Erikson's
10. Neo-Freudian - humanistic; 8 psychosocial stages of development: theory shows how people evolve through the life span. Each stage is marked by a psychological crisis that involves confronting 'Who am I?'
Erik Erikson
Lev Vygotsky
central nervous system
deduction
11. Mental categories that help our brains group objects that have common properties.
concept
naturalistic observation
Humanism
semantic memory
12. Stages of development - Stage 3 Purpose - Initiative vs. Guilt - Preschool / 3-6 years - Can the child plan or do things on his own - such as dress him or herself. If 'guilty' about making his or her own choices - the child will not function well. E
13. Helps the body process new information by adapting to old stimuli and making space for new ones
sensory adaptation
external validity
proactive interference
psychoanalysis
14. The process through which the body absorbs social stress and manifests symptoms of suffering; also called embodiment
case study
somatization
proactive interference
neuroscientist
15. Created the 'hierarchy of needs -'--physiological needs - safety & security - love & belonging - self-esteem - self-actualization.
Abraham Maslow
Lawrence Kohlberg
Hermann von Helmholtz
growth hormone
16. (psychology) a stimulus that strengthens or weakens the behavior that produced it
REM sleep
reinforcer
babinksi reflex
central nervous system
17. A doughnut-shaped system of neural structures at the border of the brainstem and cerebral hemispheres; associated with emotions such as fear and aggression and drives such as those for food and sex. Includes the hippocampus - amygdala - and hypothala
cerebellum
negative punishment
limbic system
clinical psychologist
18. (1821-1894) Emphasized a mechanistic and deterministic approach - assuming human sense organs functioned like machines - Neural Impulse: studied reaction times for sensory nerves in humans - demonstrated that speed of conduction was not instantaneous
Hermann von Helmholtz
altruism
growth hormone
participant observation
19. Goals framed in terms of performing well in front of others - being judged favorably - and avoiding criticism
hierarchy of needs
performance goals
accomodation
reciprocal determinism
20. Act on the immune system to suppress the body's response to infection or trauma. Relieve inflammation - reduce swelling - and suppress symptoms in acute conditions
corticosteriods
psychoanalysis
babinksi reflex
criterion validity
21. The appearance of things relative to one another as determined by their distance from the viewer
William James
cross-sectional study
differentiation
linear perspective
22. It adopts a holistic approach to human existence through investigations of meaning - values - freedom - tragedy - personal responsibility - human potential - spirituality - and self-actualization
experimental psychologist
mastery goals
humanistic
sociology
23. Findings that provide a multilayered - comprehensive understanding of human behavior. Ex. study of stress and human response has to be done from a biological - social and cognitive perspective.
neofreudian
behavior
significant psychological research
dopamine
24. Sensorimotor - birth to language - Preoperational - 2-7 - Concrete Operational - 7 - 11 - Formal Operational 11 - Adult Abstract Thoughts
25. Observing subjects in their natural environment with no attempts at intervention on the part of the researcher.
opponent-process theory
correlation
naturalistic observation
clinical psychologist
26. Created the Stages of Moral Development - relied for his studies on stories such as the Heinz dilemma - and was interested in how individuals would justify their actions if placed in similar moral dilemmas
Abraham Maslow
Lawrence Kohlberg
interaction
occipital lobe
27. State whereby a victim forms an emotional attachment to their captors.
Albert Bandura
biology
Stockholm syndrome
mastery goals
28. The science or study of the origin - development - organization - and functioning of human society; the science of the fundamental laws of social relations - institutions - etc.
Erik Erikson's
information processing theory
sociology
Hermann Ebbinghaus
29. Originating in or based on observation or experience
empirical evidence
internal validity
participant observation
Hermann von Helmholtz
30. Behavioral approach - the attempt to relate overt (open to view or knowledge; not concealed or secret) responses to observable environmental stimuli (something that excites an organism or part to functional activity).
synaptic cleft
Stages of Moral Development
psychological science
retina
31. Substance secreted by the anterior pituitary; controls size of an individual by promoting cell division - protein synthesis - and bone growth
anthropology
growth hormone
variable ratio
Jean Piaget
32. The light-sensitive inner surface of the eye - containing the receptor rods and cones plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual information
Repression
CAT scan
longitudinal study
retina
33. Austrian neurologist who originated psychoanalysis (1856-1939); Said that human behavior is irrational; behavior is the outcome of conflict between the id (irrational unconscious driven by sexual - aggressive - and pleasure-seeking desires) and ego (
information processing theory
Wilhelm Wundt
Sigmund Freud
sensory adaptation
34. The extent to which data collected from a sample can be generalized to the entire population.
fovea
forgetting curve
ACTH
external validity
35. A process by which repressed material - particularly a painful experience or conflict is brought back to consciousness - in this process the person not only recalls - but also relived the repressed material - which is accompained by the appropriate a
babinksi reflex
abreaction
criterion validity
introspection
36. Maslow's pyramid of human needs - beginning at the base with physiological needs that must first be satisfied before higher-level safety needs and then psychological needs become active - Maslow's Theory of Motivation which states that we must achiev
shizophrenia
hierarchy of needs
Anna Freud
variable ratio
37. Describes a schedule of reinforcement wherein a worker is paid for a certain sum for each product produced
William James
Erik Erikson's
CAT scan
fixed ratio
38. Natural - opiatelike neurotransmitters linked to pain control and to pleasure
endorphins
neuroscientist
introspection
linear perspective
39. Portion behind to the frontal lobe - responsible for sensations such as pain - temperature - and touch
Meyer Friedman
Parietal lobe
Three phases of memory process
functionalism
40. A microscopic gap between the terminal button of one neuron and the cell membrane of another neuron
synaptic cleft
correlation
Sigmund Freud
independent variable
41. Focused on child psychoanalysis - fully developed defense mechanisms - emphasized importance of the ego and its constant struggle
Hermann von Helmholtz
Sigmund Freud
functionalism
Anna Freud
42. The part of declarative memory that stores general information such as names and facts.
hierarchy of needs
semantic memory
growth hormone
criterion validity
43. Stages of development - Stage 6 Love (in intimate relationships - work and family) - Intimacy vs. Isolation - Young adult / mid twenties till early forties. Who do I want to be with or date - what am I going to do with my life? Will I settle down?
44. Portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the back of the head; visual areas
occipital lobe
split brain study
Stockholm syndrome
deduction
45. Stages of development - Stage 2 Will - Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt - Toddler stage / 1-3 years. Child needs to learn to explore the world. Bad if the parent is too smothering or completely neglectful.
46. Adrenocorticotropic hormone - produced by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the adrenal cortex regulates the production of cortisol(steriod hormone) from anterior pituitary
B.F. Skinner
Repression
corticosteriods
ACTH
47. Three facets: intimacy - commitment - and passion.
48. Theory set forth by psychologist Albert Bandura that a person's behavior both influences and is influenced by personal factors and the social environment
reciprocal determinism
somatic nervous system
algorithm
occipital lobe
49. Considered the Father of modern psychology; study of mental processes - introspection - and self-exam; established the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig - Germany
displacement
catecholamines
Wilhelm Wundt
central nervous system
50. Inferences are said to possess internal validity if a causal relation between two variables is properly demonstrated.
clinical psychologist
functional MRI
Wilhelm Wundt
internal validity