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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Intro To Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The extent to which data collected from a sample can be generalized to the entire population.
opponent-process theory
Piaget's theory of child cognitive development 4 stages
Ivan Pavlov
external validity
2. Created the 'hierarchy of needs -'--physiological needs - safety & security - love & belonging - self-esteem - self-actualization.
somatic nervous system
argument by evidence
REM sleep
Abraham Maslow
3. A doughnut-shaped system of neural structures at the border of the brainstem and cerebral hemispheres; associated with emotions such as fear and aggression and drives such as those for food and sex. Includes the hippocampus - amygdala - and hypothala
limbic system
Repression
participant observation
Erik Erikson's
4. Behavioral approach - the attempt to relate overt (open to view or knowledge; not concealed or secret) responses to observable environmental stimuli (something that excites an organism or part to functional activity).
differentiation
social psychologist
psychological science
case study
5. Process in which cells become specialized in structure and function.
split brain study
Stages of Moral Development
differentiation
Abraham Maslow
6. The part of declarative memory that stores general information such as names and facts.
differentiation
argument by evidence
semantic memory
somatization
7. Originating in or based on observation or experience
deduction
Hermann Ebbinghaus
drive reduction
empirical evidence
8. Severe mental illness characterized by auditory hallucinations - paranoia and an inability to distinguish reality from fiction
shizophrenia
Ivan Pavlov
industrial-organizational psychologist
correlation
9. Portion posterior to the frontal lobe - responsible for sensations such as pain - temperature - and touch
correlation
parietal lobe
drive reduction
absolute threshold
10. A methodical - logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem
humanistic
algorithm
nonrepinephrine
performance goals
11. Natural - opiatelike neurotransmitters linked to pain control and to pleasure
endorphins
cognitive
drive reduction
dopamine
12. The appearance of things relative to one another as determined by their distance from the viewer
Gordon Allport
Erik Erikson's
linear perspective
case study
13. Freud's theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts; the techniques used in treating psychological disorders by seeking to expose and interpret unconscious tensions
Wilhelm Wundt
parasympathetic nervous system
catecholamines
psychoanalysis
14. ENCODE - STORE - RETRIEVE
nonrepinephrine
Three phases of memory process
concept
naturalistic observation
15. Attachment theory -
empirical evidence
John Bowlby
biology
epinephrine
16. A school of psychology that focused on how mental and behavioral processes function - how they enable the organism to adapt - survive - and flourish.
functionalism
Erik Erikson's
Humanism
case study
17. Abbreviation for computerized axial tomography - uses a computer and a rotating x-ray device to create detailed - cross-sectional images - or slices - of organs and body parts
CAT scan
Humanism
catecholamines
John Locke
18. Any clinical approach to personality - as Freud's - that sees personality as the result of a dynamic interplay of conscious and unconscious factors.
psychodynamic
Hermann Ebbinghaus
anonymity
experimental research
19. Substance secreted by the anterior pituitary; controls size of an individual by promoting cell division - protein synthesis - and bone growth
semantic memory
Hermann von Helmholtz
growth hormone
empirical evidence
20. A psychologist who studies sensation - perception - learning - motivation - and emotion in carefully controlled laboratory conditions
catecholamines
experimental psychologist
criterion validity
humanistic
21. A neurotransmitter that enables learning and memory and also triggers muscle contraction. - lack of production is linked to Alzheimer's
acetylcholine
occipital lobe
psychoanalysis
anonymity
22. Portion behind to the frontal lobe - responsible for sensations such as pain - temperature - and touch
participant observation
empirical evidence
Hermann Ebbinghaus
Parietal lobe
23. Stages of development - Stage 1 Hope - Basic Trust vs. Mistrust - Infant stage / 0-1 year. Does the child believe its caregivers to be reliable?
24. The central focal point in the retina - around which the eye's cones cluster
Meyer Friedman
fovea
sympathetic nervous system
Humanism
25. Goals framed in terms of performing well in front of others - being judged favorably - and avoiding criticism
Humanism
secondary reinforcer
performance goals
Gordon Allport
26. Neo-Freudian - humanistic; 8 psychosocial stages of development: theory shows how people evolve through the life span. Each stage is marked by a psychological crisis that involves confronting 'Who am I?'
endorphins
Erik Erikson
cortisol
B.F. Skinner
27. A theory of personality that emphasizes free will and human agency in directing personal behavior. the doctrine emphasizing a person's capacity for self-realization through reason
Erik Erikson's
B.F. Skinner
Humanism
occipital lobe
28. English empiricist philosopher who believed that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience (1632-1704)
John Locke
Sternberg's triangular view
dependent variable
Sigmund Freud
29. Helps the body process new information by adapting to old stimuli and making space for new ones
Erik Erikson's
criterion validity
sensory adaptation
John Locke
30. Neurotransmitter that influences voluntary movement - attention - alertness; lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson's disease; too much is linked with schizophrenia
Lev Vygotsky
Stockholm syndrome
abreaction
dopamine
31. Describes a schedule of reinforcement wherein a worker is paid for a certain sum for each product produced
avoidance-avoidance conflict
case study
industrial-organizational psychologist
fixed ratio
32. Stages of development - Stage 2 Will - Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt - Toddler stage / 1-3 years. Child needs to learn to explore the world. Bad if the parent is too smothering or completely neglectful.
33. It adopts a holistic approach to human existence through investigations of meaning - values - freedom - tragedy - personal responsibility - human potential - spirituality - and self-actualization
naturalistic observation
humanistic
external validity
parasympathetic nervous system
34. The cause of a disease
cortisol
etiology
parietal lobe
cognitive
35. Stages of development - Stage 8 Wisdom - Ego Integrity vs. Despair - old age / from mid sixties. Some handle death well. Some can be bitter - unhappy - and/or dissatisfied with what they have accomplished or failed to accomplish within their lifetim
36. Focused on child psychoanalysis - fully developed defense mechanisms - emphasized importance of the ego and its constant struggle
introspection
information processing theory
Anna Freud
corticosteriods
37. The quality of unselfish concern for the welfare of others
ACTH
internal validity
altruism
fixed ratio
38. Allows researchers to scan areas of the brain while a participant performs a physical or cognitive task
sensory adaptation
babinksi reflex
Albert Bandura
functional MRI
39. A measure of how well the variables of one test (could be personality) measure the same things as the variables of a similar test.
avoidance-avoidance conflict
Hermann Ebbinghaus
criterion validity
absolute threshold
40. 1896-1934; russian developmental psychologist who emphasized the role of the social environment on cognitive development and proposed the idea of zones of proximal development. GUIDED PARTICIPATION - Children's interaction with knowledgeable adults o
ACTH
Lev Vygotsky
sympathetic nervous system
Piaget's theory of child cognitive development 4 stages
41. The study of the relationships among psychology - the nervous and endocrine systems - and the immune system.
Psychoneuroimmunology or PNI
babinksi reflex
oxytocin
Hermann Ebbinghaus
42. Part of the cerebral cortex; coordinates messages from other cerebral lobes; involved in complex problem-solving tasks - thinking - self-control - judgment - emotion regulation - personality affects - concentration - goal directed behavior; restructu
frontal lobe
absolute threshold
fixed ratio
acetylcholine
43. Observation or examination of one's own mental and emotional state - mental processes - etc.; the act of looking within oneself.
Erik Erikson's
introspection
Erik Erikson's
Sternberg's triangular view
44. A systematic method of deriving conclusions that cannot be false when the premises are true - esp one amenable to formalization and study by the science of logic
deduction
oxytocin
Anna Freud
fixed ratio
45. The division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body's skeletal muscles. Also called the skeletal nervous system
correlation
growth hormone
somatic nervous system
shizophrenia
46. In psychoanalytic theory - the basic defense mechanism that banishes from consciousness anxiety-arousing thoughts - feelings - and memories
Erik Erikson's
internal validity
longitudinal study
Repression
47. Conflict that results from having to choose between two distasteful alternatives
oxytocin
Three phases of memory process
sympathetic nervous system
avoidance-avoidance conflict
48. Mental categories that help our brains group objects that have common properties.
anthropology
sensory adaptation
concept
Repression
49. Austrian neurologist who originated psychoanalysis (1856-1939); Said that human behavior is irrational; behavior is the outcome of conflict between the id (irrational unconscious driven by sexual - aggressive - and pleasure-seeking desires) and ego (
cross-sectional study
Psychoneuroimmunology or PNI
algorithm
Sigmund Freud
50. A hormone released by the pituitary gland of the brain during childbirth - breastfeeding - and intercourse - causing emotional bonding between persons in whom it is released
avoidance-avoidance conflict
interaction
oxytocin
forgetting curve