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CLEP Intro To Psychology

Subjects : clep, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body's skeletal muscles. Also called the skeletal nervous system






2. A study of an individual unit - as a person - family - or social group - usually emphasizing developmental issues and relationships with the environment - especially in order to compare a larger group to the individual unit.






3. ENCODE - STORE - RETRIEVE






4. Simultaneous color contrast: an effect that occurs when surrounding an area with a color changes the appearence of the surrounded area. - the theory that opposing retinal processes (red-green - yellow-blue - white-black) enable color vision. For exam






5. Adrenocorticotropic hormone - produced by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the adrenal cortex regulates the production of cortisol(steriod hormone) from anterior pituitary






6. Stages of development - Stage 8 Wisdom - Ego Integrity vs. Despair - old age / from mid sixties. Some handle death well. Some can be bitter - unhappy - and/or dissatisfied with what they have accomplished or failed to accomplish within their lifetim

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7. Technique of field research - used in anthropology and sociology - by which an investigator (participant observer) studies the life of a group by sharing in its activities






8. Originating in or based on observation or experience






9. Classical conditioning. trained a dog to respond to the sound of a bell by pairing it up with food.






10. A therapist who deals with mental and emotional disorders






11. A methodical - logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem






12. Portion behind to the frontal lobe - responsible for sensations such as pain - temperature - and touch






13. Neo-Freudian - humanistic; 8 psychosocial stages of development: theory shows how people evolve through the life span. Each stage is marked by a psychological crisis that involves confronting 'Who am I?'






14. Maslow's pyramid of human needs - beginning at the base with physiological needs that must first be satisfied before higher-level safety needs and then psychological needs become active - Maslow's Theory of Motivation which states that we must achiev






15. Goals framed in terms of increasing ones competence and skills






16. Austrian neurologist who originated psychoanalysis (1856-1939); Said that human behavior is irrational; behavior is the outcome of conflict between the id (irrational unconscious driven by sexual - aggressive - and pleasure-seeking desires) and ego (






17. Experimental results caused by expectations alone; any effect on behavior caused by the administration of an inert substance or condition - which is assumed to be an active agent






18. Observation or examination of one's own mental and emotional state - mental processes - etc.; the act of looking within oneself.






19. A negative condition is introduced to reduce a behavior.






20. Goals framed in terms of performing well in front of others - being judged favorably - and avoiding criticism






21. Adrenal glands secerets this to activate various organs that results in a phyiscal stress response






22. Observing subjects in their natural environment with no attempts at intervention on the part of the researcher.






23. A doughnut-shaped system of neural structures at the border of the brainstem and cerebral hemispheres; associated with emotions such as fear and aggression and drives such as those for food and sex. Includes the hippocampus - amygdala - and hypothala






24. The scientific study of how we think about - influence - and relate to one another






25. The quality of unselfish concern for the welfare of others






26. English empiricist philosopher who believed that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience (1632-1704)






27. Natural - opiatelike neurotransmitters linked to pain control and to pleasure






28. The central focal point in the retina - around which the eye's cones cluster






29. Images are flashed to the left visual fields (therefore the right hemisphere) and individual cannot name object - but can locate it. Images are flashed to the right visual fields (therefore the left hemisphere) and individual can name object.






30. The adjustment of one's schemas to include newly observed events and experiences






31. Stages of development - Stage 5 Fidelity - Identity vs. Role Confusion - Adolescent / 12 years till mid twenties. Questioning of self. Who am I - how do I fit in? Where am I going in life? Erikson believes that if the parents allow the child to exp

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32. The portion of the vertebrate nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord that perceives - gathers - interprets - and records incoming sensory information and also sends out communication destined for muscles - glands and internal organs s






33. Theory states that the acquisitiion of new knowledge and behaviors is central to human development. Was a pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. he is famous fo






34. (psychiatry) a defense mechanism that transfers affect or reaction from the original object to some more acceptable one






35. A mutual or reciprocal relationship between two or more things






36. A neurotransmitter that enables learning and memory and also triggers muscle contraction. - lack of production is linked to Alzheimer's






37. Describes a schedule of reinforcement wherein a worker is paid for a certain sum for each product produced






38. An innately reinforcing stimulus - such as one that satisfies a biological need






39. A schedule where reinforcement happens after a changing number of responses. Example gambling or sales






40. Freud's theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts; the techniques used in treating psychological disorders by seeking to expose and interpret unconscious tensions






41. Personal Construct Psychology. investigative technique - which would remove the influence of the observer's frame of reference on what was observed. he believed (personal construct theory) our personality consists of our thoughts about ourselves - in






42. The 'little brain' attached to the rear of the brainstem; its functions include processing sensory input and coordinating movement output and balance






43. Stages of development - Stage 2 Will - Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt - Toddler stage / 1-3 years. Child needs to learn to explore the world. Bad if the parent is too smothering or completely neglectful.

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44. Conflict that results from having to choose between two distasteful alternatives






45. Mental categories that help our brains group objects that have common properties.






46. A measure of how well the variables of one test (could be personality) measure the same things as the variables of a similar test.






47. Substance secreted by the anterior pituitary; controls size of an individual by promoting cell division - protein synthesis - and bone growth






48. Any clinical approach to personality - as Freud's - that sees personality as the result of a dynamic interplay of conscious and unconscious factors.






49. It adopts a holistic approach to human existence through investigations of meaning - values - freedom - tragedy - personal responsibility - human potential - spirituality - and self-actualization






50. The study of the relationships among psychology - the nervous and endocrine systems - and the immune system.