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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Intro To Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Neurotransmitter that influences voluntary movement - attention - alertness; lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson's disease; too much is linked with schizophrenia
dopamine
Erik Erikson's
Meyer Friedman
Three phases of memory process
2. A study of an individual unit - as a person - family - or social group - usually emphasizing developmental issues and relationships with the environment - especially in order to compare a larger group to the individual unit.
experimental psychologist
algorithm
case study
William James
3. Helps the body process new information by adapting to old stimuli and making space for new ones
experimental psychologist
clinical psychologist
social psychologist
sensory adaptation
4. Reciprocal action - effect - or influence.
Lawrence Kohlberg
Ivan Pavlov
accomodation
interaction
5. A neurotransmitter that enables learning and memory and also triggers muscle contraction. - lack of production is linked to Alzheimer's
shizophrenia
acetylcholine
neurotransmitter
growth hormone
6. Of or pertaining to the mental processes of perception - memory - judgment - and reasoning - as contrasted with emotional and volitional processes
Meyer Friedman
cognitive
acetylcholine
biology
7. The portion of the vertebrate nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord that perceives - gathers - interprets - and records incoming sensory information and also sends out communication destined for muscles - glands and internal organs s
functional MRI
central nervous system
Hermann Ebbinghaus
Erik Erikson's
8. Goals framed in terms of increasing ones competence and skills
nonrepinephrine
Erik Erikson's
drive reduction
mastery goals
9. The adjustment of one's schemas to include newly observed events and experiences
accomodation
performance goals
Ivan Pavlov
synaptic cleft
10. The state of being anonymous
Stockholm syndrome
B.F. Skinner
anonymity
interaction
11. The division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body's skeletal muscles. Also called the skeletal nervous system
somatic nervous system
deduction
case study
absolute threshold
12. A microscopic gap between the terminal button of one neuron and the cell membrane of another neuron
synaptic cleft
split brain study
argument by evidence
semantic memory
13. Portion posterior to the frontal lobe - responsible for sensations such as pain - temperature - and touch
parietal lobe
drive reduction
naturalistic observation
external validity
14. Founder of functionalism; studied how humans use perception to function in our environment; wrote first psychology textbook - The Principles of Psychology
Humanism
William James
neofreudian
deduction
15. (1821-1894) Emphasized a mechanistic and deterministic approach - assuming human sense organs functioned like machines - Neural Impulse: studied reaction times for sensory nerves in humans - demonstrated that speed of conduction was not instantaneous
accomodation
Hermann von Helmholtz
dependent variable
functionalism
16. Attachment theory -
fixed ratio
empirical evidence
John Bowlby
clinical psychologist
17. 1896-1934; russian developmental psychologist who emphasized the role of the social environment on cognitive development and proposed the idea of zones of proximal development. GUIDED PARTICIPATION - Children's interaction with knowledgeable adults o
semantic memory
Lev Vygotsky
accomodation
clinical psychologist
18. Created the 'hierarchy of needs -'--physiological needs - safety & security - love & belonging - self-esteem - self-actualization.
biology
sensory adaptation
REM sleep
Abraham Maslow
19. A psychologist who uses psychological concepts to make the workplace a more satisfying environment for employees and managers
cross-sectional study
industrial-organizational psychologist
babinksi reflex
social psychologist
20. The quality of unselfish concern for the welfare of others
altruism
Stages of Moral Development
corticosteriods
sensory adaptation
21. Natural - opiatelike neurotransmitters linked to pain control and to pleasure
endorphins
Humanism
participant observation
experimental research
22. Substance secreted by the anterior pituitary; controls size of an individual by promoting cell division - protein synthesis - and bone growth
Erik Erikson's
growth hormone
secondary reinforcer
placebo effect
23. Conflict that results from having to choose between two distasteful alternatives
cortisol
corticosteriods
negative punishment
avoidance-avoidance conflict
24. Technique of field research - used in anthropology and sociology - by which an investigator (participant observer) studies the life of a group by sharing in its activities
Erik Erikson's
psychological science
participant observation
dopamine
25. Simultaneous color contrast: an effect that occurs when surrounding an area with a color changes the appearence of the surrounded area. - the theory that opposing retinal processes (red-green - yellow-blue - white-black) enable color vision. For exam
introspection
opponent-process theory
Parietal lobe
Humanism
26. Adrenocorticotropic hormone - produced by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the adrenal cortex regulates the production of cortisol(steriod hormone) from anterior pituitary
psychological science
ACTH
catecholamines
Anna Freud
27. A school of psychology that focused on how mental and behavioral processes function - how they enable the organism to adapt - survive - and flourish.
functionalism
placebo effect
Ivan Pavlov
differentiation
28. A mutual or reciprocal relationship between two or more things
synaptic cleft
correlation
catecholamines
displacement
29. The scientific study of how we think about - influence - and relate to one another
forgetting curve
fixed ratio
social psychologist
functional MRI
30. (psychology) a stimulus that strengthens or weakens the behavior that produced it
parasympathetic nervous system
reinforcer
absolute threshold
retina
31. Stages of development - Stage 2 Will - Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt - Toddler stage / 1-3 years. Child needs to learn to explore the world. Bad if the parent is too smothering or completely neglectful.
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32. Considered the Father of modern psychology; study of mental processes - introspection - and self-exam; established the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig - Germany
social psychologist
displacement
Wilhelm Wundt
negative punishment
33. The lowest level of stimulation that a person can detect
Sigmund Freud
William James
absolute threshold
sociology
34. ENCODE - STORE - RETRIEVE
dopamine
longitudinal study
Three phases of memory process
clinical psychologist
35. The process through which the body absorbs social stress and manifests symptoms of suffering; also called embodiment
accomodation
Erik Erikson's
somatization
acetylcholine
36. A doughnut-shaped system of neural structures at the border of the brainstem and cerebral hemispheres; associated with emotions such as fear and aggression and drives such as those for food and sex. Includes the hippocampus - amygdala - and hypothala
limbic system
Repression
shizophrenia
endorphins
37. A hormone released by the pituitary gland of the brain during childbirth - breastfeeding - and intercourse - causing emotional bonding between persons in whom it is released
participant observation
oxytocin
sociology
occipital lobe
38. Theory states that the acquisitiion of new knowledge and behaviors is central to human development. Was a pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. he is famous fo
parietal lobe
B.F. Skinner
Piaget's theory of child cognitive development 4 stages
somatic nervous system
39. Any of several chemical substances - as epinephrine or acetylcholine - that transmit nerve impulses across a synapse to a postsynaptic element - as another nerve - muscle - or gland.
naturalistic observation
neurotransmitter
Sternberg's triangular view
psychological science
40. Inferences are said to possess internal validity if a causal relation between two variables is properly demonstrated.
frontal lobe
naturalistic observation
internal validity
Stages of Moral Development
41. The light-sensitive inner surface of the eye - containing the receptor rods and cones plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual information
retina
Ivan Pavlov
parietal lobe
deduction
42. Research in which the same people are restudied and retested over a long period
fovea
longitudinal study
experimental psychologist
functional MRI
43. Focused on child psychoanalysis - fully developed defense mechanisms - emphasized importance of the ego and its constant struggle
Anna Freud
parasympathetic nervous system
concept
Erik Erikson's
44. The extent to which data collected from a sample can be generalized to the entire population.
external validity
limbic system
etiology
Humanism
45. Neo-Freudian - humanistic; 8 psychosocial stages of development: theory shows how people evolve through the life span. Each stage is marked by a psychological crisis that involves confronting 'Who am I?'
Lawrence Kohlberg
hierarchy of needs
corticosteriods
Erik Erikson
46. Sensorimotor - birth to language - Preoperational - 2-7 - Concrete Operational - 7 - 11 - Formal Operational 11 - Adult Abstract Thoughts
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47. Stages of development - Stage 4 Competence - Industry vs. Inferiority - School-age / 6-11. Child comparing self worth to others (such as in a classroom environment). Child can recognize major disparities in personal abilities relative to other chil
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48. Theory set forth by psychologist Albert Bandura that a person's behavior both influences and is influenced by personal factors and the social environment
Erik Erikson's
Gordon Allport
differentiation
reciprocal determinism
49. Stages of development - Stage 5 Fidelity - Identity vs. Role Confusion - Adolescent / 12 years till mid twenties. Questioning of self. Who am I - how do I fit in? Where am I going in life? Erikson believes that if the parents allow the child to exp
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50. A negative condition is introduced to reduce a behavior.
synaptic cleft
forgetting curve
John Bowlby
negative punishment