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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Intro To Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Neo-Freudian - humanistic; 8 psychosocial stages of development: theory shows how people evolve through the life span. Each stage is marked by a psychological crisis that involves confronting 'Who am I?'
forgetting curve
Parietal lobe
William James
Erik Erikson
2. A schedule where reinforcement happens after a changing number of responses. Example gambling or sales
industrial-organizational psychologist
negative punishment
shizophrenia
variable ratio
3. A microscopic gap between the terminal button of one neuron and the cell membrane of another neuron
synaptic cleft
parietal lobe
displacement
Humanism
4. State whereby a victim forms an emotional attachment to their captors.
parietal lobe
reciprocal determinism
Stockholm syndrome
John Bowlby
5. The 'little brain' attached to the rear of the brainstem; its functions include processing sensory input and coordinating movement output and balance
fixed ratio
cerebellum
etiology
central nervous system
6. Maslow's pyramid of human needs - beginning at the base with physiological needs that must first be satisfied before higher-level safety needs and then psychological needs become active - Maslow's Theory of Motivation which states that we must achiev
Erik Erikson's
hierarchy of needs
parietal lobe
George Kelly
7. Secreted from the adrenal cortex - aids the body during stress by increasing glucose levels
correlation
Ivan Pavlov
cortisol
naturalistic observation
8. The cause of a disease
neurotransmitter
humanistic
etiology
somatization
9. Describes a schedule of reinforcement wherein a worker is paid for a certain sum for each product produced
fovea
somatic nervous system
fixed ratio
industrial-organizational psychologist
10. The outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of the independent variable
dependent variable
cognitive
William James
central nervous system
11. Conflict that results from having to choose between two distasteful alternatives
Hermann Ebbinghaus
etiology
avoidance-avoidance conflict
ACTH
12. Stages of development - Stage 1 Hope - Basic Trust vs. Mistrust - Infant stage / 0-1 year. Does the child believe its caregivers to be reliable?
13. Allows researchers to scan areas of the brain while a participant performs a physical or cognitive task
Wilhelm Wundt
functional MRI
Ivan Pavlov
dependent variable
14. The division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body's skeletal muscles. Also called the skeletal nervous system
humanistic
Anna Freud
Stages of Moral Development
somatic nervous system
15. An innately reinforcing stimulus - such as one that satisfies a biological need
mastery goals
primary reinforcer
participant observation
Hermann von Helmholtz
16. Images are flashed to the left visual fields (therefore the right hemisphere) and individual cannot name object - but can locate it. Images are flashed to the right visual fields (therefore the left hemisphere) and individual can name object.
oxytocin
somatic nervous system
split brain study
avoidance-avoidance conflict
17. The adjustment of one's schemas to include newly observed events and experiences
Three phases of memory process
accomodation
internal validity
variable ratio
18. Observing subjects in their natural environment with no attempts at intervention on the part of the researcher.
avoidance-avoidance conflict
naturalistic observation
humanistic
Repression
19. Behavioral approach - the attempt to relate overt (open to view or knowledge; not concealed or secret) responses to observable environmental stimuli (something that excites an organism or part to functional activity).
Abraham Maslow
psychological science
industrial-organizational psychologist
Humanism
20. A psychologist who studies sensation - perception - learning - motivation - and emotion in carefully controlled laboratory conditions
Erik Erikson
experimental psychologist
placebo effect
opponent-process theory
21. Any clinical approach to personality - as Freud's - that sees personality as the result of a dynamic interplay of conscious and unconscious factors.
biology
George Kelly
psychodynamic
Erik Erikson's
22. Stages of development - Stage 6 Love (in intimate relationships - work and family) - Intimacy vs. Isolation - Young adult / mid twenties till early forties. Who do I want to be with or date - what am I going to do with my life? Will I settle down?
23. Created the 'hierarchy of needs -'--physiological needs - safety & security - love & belonging - self-esteem - self-actualization.
performance goals
cortisol
Abraham Maslow
variable ratio
24. Theory set forth by psychologist Albert Bandura that a person's behavior both influences and is influenced by personal factors and the social environment
fixed ratio
reciprocal determinism
placebo effect
B.F. Skinner
25. Any reinforcer that becomes reinforcing after being paired with a primary reinforcer - such as praise - tokens - or gold stars
differentiation
interaction
Erik Erikson
secondary reinforcer
26. The science that deals with the origins - physical and cultural development - biological characteristics - and social customs and beliefs of humankind.
Sigmund Freud
negative punishment
anthropology
absolute threshold
27. The science of life or living matter in all its forms and phenomena - especially with reference to origin - growth - reproduction - structure - and behavior.
B.F. Skinner
biology
proactive interference
parietal lobe
28. The science or study of the origin - development - organization - and functioning of human society; the science of the fundamental laws of social relations - institutions - etc.
sociology
semantic memory
Hermann von Helmholtz
cortisol
29. A psychologist who uses psychological concepts to make the workplace a more satisfying environment for employees and managers
drive reduction
linear perspective
industrial-organizational psychologist
Stockholm syndrome
30. English empiricist philosopher who believed that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience (1632-1704)
longitudinal study
Stages of Moral Development
John Locke
cross-sectional study
31. The scientific study of how we think about - influence - and relate to one another
functional MRI
internal validity
social psychologist
concept
32. A negative condition is introduced to reduce a behavior.
psychodynamic
corticosteriods
oxytocin
negative punishment
33. The light-sensitive inner surface of the eye - containing the receptor rods and cones plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual information
carl jung
retina
drive reduction
cognitive
34. Stages of development - Stage 4 Competence - Industry vs. Inferiority - School-age / 6-11. Child comparing self worth to others (such as in a classroom environment). Child can recognize major disparities in personal abilities relative to other chil
35. (psychology) a stimulus that strengthens or weakens the behavior that produced it
reinforcer
sympathetic nervous system
sensory adaptation
epinephrine
36. One of the earliest psychologists in America who undertook a rigorous and structures approach to studying personality. He identified the idiographic and nomothetic views to personality.
functional MRI
Gordon Allport
sympathetic nervous system
abreaction
37. Classical conditioning. trained a dog to respond to the sound of a bell by pairing it up with food.
differentiation
sociology
drive reduction
Ivan Pavlov
38. Observation or examination of one's own mental and emotional state - mental processes - etc.; the act of looking within oneself.
dopamine
introspection
anonymity
interaction
39. Austrian neurologist who originated psychoanalysis (1856-1939); Said that human behavior is irrational; behavior is the outcome of conflict between the id (irrational unconscious driven by sexual - aggressive - and pleasure-seeking desires) and ego (
Sigmund Freud
occipital lobe
biology
clinical psychologist
40. Considered the Father of modern psychology; study of mental processes - introspection - and self-exam; established the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig - Germany
humanistic
longitudinal study
babinksi reflex
Wilhelm Wundt
41. Helps the body process new information by adapting to old stimuli and making space for new ones
sensory adaptation
algorithm
retina
Albert Bandura
42. A therapist who deals with mental and emotional disorders
accomodation
occipital lobe
performance goals
clinical psychologist
43. A neurotransmitter that enables learning and memory and also triggers muscle contraction. - lack of production is linked to Alzheimer's
independent variable
biology
altruism
acetylcholine
44. The quality of unselfish concern for the welfare of others
Humanism
altruism
corticosteriods
frontal lobe
45. Act on the immune system to suppress the body's response to infection or trauma. Relieve inflammation - reduce swelling - and suppress symptoms in acute conditions
variable ratio
corticosteriods
shizophrenia
mastery goals
46. Adrenocorticotropic hormone - produced by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the adrenal cortex regulates the production of cortisol(steriod hormone) from anterior pituitary
shizophrenia
psychodynamic
oxytocin
ACTH
47. The state of being anonymous
correlation
anonymity
catecholamines
sensory adaptation
48. The process through which the body absorbs social stress and manifests symptoms of suffering; also called embodiment
somatization
William James
babinksi reflex
performance goals
49. (psychiatry) a defense mechanism that transfers affect or reaction from the original object to some more acceptable one
displacement
John Bowlby
sensory adaptation
ACTH
50. Natural - opiatelike neurotransmitters linked to pain control and to pleasure
mastery goals
central nervous system
Ivan Pavlov
endorphins