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CLEP Intro To Psychology

Subjects : clep, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Theory set forth by psychologist Albert Bandura that a person's behavior both influences and is influenced by personal factors and the social environment






2. Stages of development - Stage 1 Hope - Basic Trust vs. Mistrust - Infant stage / 0-1 year. Does the child believe its caregivers to be reliable?

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3. A psychologist who uses psychological concepts to make the workplace a more satisfying environment for employees and managers






4. A neurotransmitter that enables learning and memory and also triggers muscle contraction. - lack of production is linked to Alzheimer's






5. Portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the back of the head; visual areas






6. Adrenaline; activates a sympathetic nervous system by making the heart beat faster - stopping digestion - enlarging pupils - sending sugar into the bloodstream - preparing a blood clot faster






7. The cause of a disease






8. Stages of development - Stage 3 Purpose - Initiative vs. Guilt - Preschool / 3-6 years - Can the child plan or do things on his own - such as dress him or herself. If 'guilty' about making his or her own choices - the child will not function well. E

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9. The division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body - conserving its energy.






10. (1821-1894) Emphasized a mechanistic and deterministic approach - assuming human sense organs functioned like machines - Neural Impulse: studied reaction times for sensory nerves in humans - demonstrated that speed of conduction was not instantaneous






11. Stroke bottom of the foot up and across by the toes and the toes fan out






12. A schedule where reinforcement happens after a changing number of responses. Example gambling or sales






13. Abbreviation for computerized axial tomography - uses a computer and a rotating x-ray device to create detailed - cross-sectional images - or slices - of organs and body parts






14. Adrenocorticotropic hormone - produced by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the adrenal cortex regulates the production of cortisol(steriod hormone) from anterior pituitary






15. Any clinical approach to personality - as Freud's - that sees personality as the result of a dynamic interplay of conscious and unconscious factors.






16. It is a collection of research designs which use manipulation and controlled testing to understand causal processes. Generally - one or more variables are manipulated to determine their effect on a dependent variable






17. How the memory processes information - long term memory - short term memory - sensory information






18. Neo-Freudian - humanistic; 8 psychosocial stages of development: theory shows how people evolve through the life span. Each stage is marked by a psychological crisis that involves confronting 'Who am I?'






19. Adrenal glands secerets this to activate various organs that results in a phyiscal stress response






20. Physiological needs drive an organism to act in either random or habitual ways






21. ENCODE - STORE - RETRIEVE






22. Simultaneous color contrast: an effect that occurs when surrounding an area with a color changes the appearence of the surrounded area. - the theory that opposing retinal processes (red-green - yellow-blue - white-black) enable color vision. For exam






23. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation






24. Natural - opiatelike neurotransmitters linked to pain control and to pleasure






25. Personal Construct Psychology. investigative technique - which would remove the influence of the observer's frame of reference on what was observed. he believed (personal construct theory) our personality consists of our thoughts about ourselves - in






26. The scientific study of how we think about - influence - and relate to one another






27. The 'little brain' attached to the rear of the brainstem; its functions include processing sensory input and coordinating movement output and balance






28. The adjustment of one's schemas to include newly observed events and experiences






29. Helps the body process new information by adapting to old stimuli and making space for new ones






30. Secreted from the adrenal cortex - aids the body during stress by increasing glucose levels






31. The aggregate (sum or assemblage of many separate units; sum total) of responses to internal and external stimuli.






32. A study of an individual unit - as a person - family - or social group - usually emphasizing developmental issues and relationships with the environment - especially in order to compare a larger group to the individual unit.






33. Three facets: intimacy - commitment - and passion.

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34. Observation or examination of one's own mental and emotional state - mental processes - etc.; the act of looking within oneself.






35. A 'SNAPSHOT' of a phenomenon such as cancer rate. a number of variables affect one another in a single point in time.






36. A methodical - logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem






37. Research in which the same people are restudied and retested over a long period






38. Any of several chemical substances - as epinephrine or acetylcholine - that transmit nerve impulses across a synapse to a postsynaptic element - as another nerve - muscle - or gland.






39. A measure of how well the variables of one test (could be personality) measure the same things as the variables of a similar test.






40. Mental categories that help our brains group objects that have common properties.






41. The appearance of things relative to one another as determined by their distance from the viewer






42. Reciprocal action - effect - or influence.






43. State whereby a victim forms an emotional attachment to their captors.






44. Theory of child development included the Socratic method of questioning children by guiding them to reflect on their behavior. His emphasis on self-awareness and reflection has been adopted into school curricula and used to help students become criti






45. An innately reinforcing stimulus - such as one that satisfies a biological need






46. A doughnut-shaped system of neural structures at the border of the brainstem and cerebral hemispheres; associated with emotions such as fear and aggression and drives such as those for food and sex. Includes the hippocampus - amygdala - and hypothala






47. A theory of personality that emphasizes free will and human agency in directing personal behavior. the doctrine emphasizing a person's capacity for self-realization through reason






48. Findings that provide a multilayered - comprehensive understanding of human behavior. Ex. study of stress and human response has to be done from a biological - social and cognitive perspective.






49. Stages of development - Stage 4 Competence - Industry vs. Inferiority - School-age / 6-11. Child comparing self worth to others (such as in a classroom environment). Child can recognize major disparities in personal abilities relative to other chil

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50. Founded by Hermann Ebbinghaus. displays retention of information and forgetting over time. conclusions to this were that most forgetting happens right after learning something. this was modified to that forgetting doesn't occur that quickly if the su