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CLEP Intro To Psychology

Subjects : clep, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Neurotransmitter that influences voluntary movement - attention - alertness; lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson's disease; too much is linked with schizophrenia






2. A study of an individual unit - as a person - family - or social group - usually emphasizing developmental issues and relationships with the environment - especially in order to compare a larger group to the individual unit.






3. Helps the body process new information by adapting to old stimuli and making space for new ones






4. Reciprocal action - effect - or influence.






5. A neurotransmitter that enables learning and memory and also triggers muscle contraction. - lack of production is linked to Alzheimer's






6. Of or pertaining to the mental processes of perception - memory - judgment - and reasoning - as contrasted with emotional and volitional processes






7. The portion of the vertebrate nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord that perceives - gathers - interprets - and records incoming sensory information and also sends out communication destined for muscles - glands and internal organs s






8. Goals framed in terms of increasing ones competence and skills






9. The adjustment of one's schemas to include newly observed events and experiences






10. The state of being anonymous






11. The division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body's skeletal muscles. Also called the skeletal nervous system






12. A microscopic gap between the terminal button of one neuron and the cell membrane of another neuron






13. Portion posterior to the frontal lobe - responsible for sensations such as pain - temperature - and touch






14. Founder of functionalism; studied how humans use perception to function in our environment; wrote first psychology textbook - The Principles of Psychology






15. (1821-1894) Emphasized a mechanistic and deterministic approach - assuming human sense organs functioned like machines - Neural Impulse: studied reaction times for sensory nerves in humans - demonstrated that speed of conduction was not instantaneous






16. Attachment theory -






17. 1896-1934; russian developmental psychologist who emphasized the role of the social environment on cognitive development and proposed the idea of zones of proximal development. GUIDED PARTICIPATION - Children's interaction with knowledgeable adults o






18. Created the 'hierarchy of needs -'--physiological needs - safety & security - love & belonging - self-esteem - self-actualization.






19. A psychologist who uses psychological concepts to make the workplace a more satisfying environment for employees and managers






20. The quality of unselfish concern for the welfare of others






21. Natural - opiatelike neurotransmitters linked to pain control and to pleasure






22. Substance secreted by the anterior pituitary; controls size of an individual by promoting cell division - protein synthesis - and bone growth






23. Conflict that results from having to choose between two distasteful alternatives






24. Technique of field research - used in anthropology and sociology - by which an investigator (participant observer) studies the life of a group by sharing in its activities






25. Simultaneous color contrast: an effect that occurs when surrounding an area with a color changes the appearence of the surrounded area. - the theory that opposing retinal processes (red-green - yellow-blue - white-black) enable color vision. For exam






26. Adrenocorticotropic hormone - produced by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the adrenal cortex regulates the production of cortisol(steriod hormone) from anterior pituitary






27. A school of psychology that focused on how mental and behavioral processes function - how they enable the organism to adapt - survive - and flourish.






28. A mutual or reciprocal relationship between two or more things






29. The scientific study of how we think about - influence - and relate to one another






30. (psychology) a stimulus that strengthens or weakens the behavior that produced it






31. Stages of development - Stage 2 Will - Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt - Toddler stage / 1-3 years. Child needs to learn to explore the world. Bad if the parent is too smothering or completely neglectful.

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32. Considered the Father of modern psychology; study of mental processes - introspection - and self-exam; established the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig - Germany






33. The lowest level of stimulation that a person can detect






34. ENCODE - STORE - RETRIEVE






35. The process through which the body absorbs social stress and manifests symptoms of suffering; also called embodiment






36. A doughnut-shaped system of neural structures at the border of the brainstem and cerebral hemispheres; associated with emotions such as fear and aggression and drives such as those for food and sex. Includes the hippocampus - amygdala - and hypothala






37. A hormone released by the pituitary gland of the brain during childbirth - breastfeeding - and intercourse - causing emotional bonding between persons in whom it is released






38. Theory states that the acquisitiion of new knowledge and behaviors is central to human development. Was a pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. he is famous fo






39. Any of several chemical substances - as epinephrine or acetylcholine - that transmit nerve impulses across a synapse to a postsynaptic element - as another nerve - muscle - or gland.






40. Inferences are said to possess internal validity if a causal relation between two variables is properly demonstrated.






41. The light-sensitive inner surface of the eye - containing the receptor rods and cones plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual information






42. Research in which the same people are restudied and retested over a long period






43. Focused on child psychoanalysis - fully developed defense mechanisms - emphasized importance of the ego and its constant struggle






44. The extent to which data collected from a sample can be generalized to the entire population.






45. Neo-Freudian - humanistic; 8 psychosocial stages of development: theory shows how people evolve through the life span. Each stage is marked by a psychological crisis that involves confronting 'Who am I?'






46. Sensorimotor - birth to language - Preoperational - 2-7 - Concrete Operational - 7 - 11 - Formal Operational 11 - Adult Abstract Thoughts

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47. Stages of development - Stage 4 Competence - Industry vs. Inferiority - School-age / 6-11. Child comparing self worth to others (such as in a classroom environment). Child can recognize major disparities in personal abilities relative to other chil

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48. Theory set forth by psychologist Albert Bandura that a person's behavior both influences and is influenced by personal factors and the social environment






49. Stages of development - Stage 5 Fidelity - Identity vs. Role Confusion - Adolescent / 12 years till mid twenties. Questioning of self. Who am I - how do I fit in? Where am I going in life? Erikson believes that if the parents allow the child to exp

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50. A negative condition is introduced to reduce a behavior.