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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Intro To Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Stages of development - Stage 4 Competence - Industry vs. Inferiority - School-age / 6-11. Child comparing self worth to others (such as in a classroom environment). Child can recognize major disparities in personal abilities relative to other chil
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2. The 'little brain' attached to the rear of the brainstem; its functions include processing sensory input and coordinating movement output and balance
cerebellum
parietal lobe
Anna Freud
humanistic
3. Originating in or based on observation or experience
participant observation
Sternberg's triangular view
oxytocin
empirical evidence
4. The scientific study of how we think about - influence - and relate to one another
proactive interference
experimental research
differentiation
social psychologist
5. Act on the immune system to suppress the body's response to infection or trauma. Relieve inflammation - reduce swelling - and suppress symptoms in acute conditions
corticosteriods
correlation
fovea
dependent variable
6. Portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the back of the head; visual areas
Erik Erikson
occipital lobe
naturalistic observation
John Locke
7. Secreted from the adrenal cortex - aids the body during stress by increasing glucose levels
occipital lobe
Jean Piaget
Erik Erikson's
cortisol
8. Allows researchers to scan areas of the brain while a participant performs a physical or cognitive task
functional MRI
Erik Erikson's
humanistic
Erik Erikson's
9. The aggregate (sum or assemblage of many separate units; sum total) of responses to internal and external stimuli.
parasympathetic nervous system
behavior
Erik Erikson's
experimental psychologist
10. It adopts a holistic approach to human existence through investigations of meaning - values - freedom - tragedy - personal responsibility - human potential - spirituality - and self-actualization
Anna Freud
semantic memory
synaptic cleft
humanistic
11. A systematic method of deriving conclusions that cannot be false when the premises are true - esp one amenable to formalization and study by the science of logic
deduction
absolute threshold
corticosteriods
interaction
12. Mental categories that help our brains group objects that have common properties.
secondary reinforcer
variable ratio
concept
longitudinal study
13. The first person to study memory scientifically and systematically; used nonsense syllables and recorded how many times he had to study a list to remember it well
Lev Vygotsky
Hermann Ebbinghaus
split brain study
limbic system
14. A theory of personality that emphasizes free will and human agency in directing personal behavior. the doctrine emphasizing a person's capacity for self-realization through reason
avoidance-avoidance conflict
Gordon Allport
empirical evidence
Humanism
15. Founder of functionalism; studied how humans use perception to function in our environment; wrote first psychology textbook - The Principles of Psychology
experimental psychologist
William James
accomodation
epinephrine
16. Goals framed in terms of increasing ones competence and skills
clinical psychologist
neofreudian
criterion validity
mastery goals
17. The study of the relationships among psychology - the nervous and endocrine systems - and the immune system.
neuroscientist
Ivan Pavlov
Psychoneuroimmunology or PNI
Piaget's theory of child cognitive development 4 stages
18. The central focal point in the retina - around which the eye's cones cluster
fovea
negative punishment
psychoanalysis
Erik Erikson's
19. Stages of development - Stage 8 Wisdom - Ego Integrity vs. Despair - old age / from mid sixties. Some handle death well. Some can be bitter - unhappy - and/or dissatisfied with what they have accomplished or failed to accomplish within their lifetim
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20. Conflict that results from having to choose between two distasteful alternatives
cortisol
anonymity
avoidance-avoidance conflict
absolute threshold
21. Of or pertaining to the mental processes of perception - memory - judgment - and reasoning - as contrasted with emotional and volitional processes
humanistic
proactive interference
cognitive
altruism
22. Stages of development - Stage 6 Love (in intimate relationships - work and family) - Intimacy vs. Isolation - Young adult / mid twenties till early forties. Who do I want to be with or date - what am I going to do with my life? Will I settle down?
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23. The division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body - conserving its energy.
introspection
Albert Bandura
parasympathetic nervous system
linear perspective
24. The science or study of the origin - development - organization - and functioning of human society; the science of the fundamental laws of social relations - institutions - etc.
mastery goals
sociology
sympathetic nervous system
hierarchy of needs
25. An innately reinforcing stimulus - such as one that satisfies a biological need
primary reinforcer
oxytocin
hierarchy of needs
cognitive
26. The quality of unselfish concern for the welfare of others
industrial-organizational psychologist
Gordon Allport
altruism
sociology
27. The lowest level of stimulation that a person can detect
Erik Erikson's
absolute threshold
drive reduction
accomodation
28. Behavioral approach - the attempt to relate overt (open to view or knowledge; not concealed or secret) responses to observable environmental stimuli (something that excites an organism or part to functional activity).
Meyer Friedman
etiology
psychological science
Sigmund Freud
29. Rapid low-amplitude waves. less prevalent in adults
external validity
John Locke
REM sleep
linear perspective
30. Observation or examination of one's own mental and emotional state - mental processes - etc.; the act of looking within oneself.
Hermann Ebbinghaus
Three phases of memory process
introspection
participant observation
31. Founded by Hermann Ebbinghaus. displays retention of information and forgetting over time. conclusions to this were that most forgetting happens right after learning something. this was modified to that forgetting doesn't occur that quickly if the su
forgetting curve
Lawrence Kohlberg
epinephrine
Meyer Friedman
32. A 'SNAPSHOT' of a phenomenon such as cancer rate. a number of variables affect one another in a single point in time.
Erik Erikson's
internal validity
John Bowlby
cross-sectional study
33. Situation in which previously learned information hinders the recall of information learned more recently
Erik Erikson's
secondary reinforcer
nonrepinephrine
proactive interference
34. (psychiatry) a defense mechanism that transfers affect or reaction from the original object to some more acceptable one
fovea
neurotransmitter
information processing theory
displacement
35. A measure of how well the variables of one test (could be personality) measure the same things as the variables of a similar test.
criterion validity
Gordon Allport
split brain study
significant psychological research
36. Pioneer in observational learning (AKA social learning) - stated that people profit from the mistakes/successes of others; Studies: Bobo Dolls-adults demonstrated 'appropriate' play with dolls - children mimicked play
altruism
accomodation
Albert Bandura
frontal lobe
37. Neurotransmitter that influences voluntary movement - attention - alertness; lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson's disease; too much is linked with schizophrenia
Parietal lobe
independent variable
dopamine
reinforcer
38. Personal Construct Psychology. investigative technique - which would remove the influence of the observer's frame of reference on what was observed. he believed (personal construct theory) our personality consists of our thoughts about ourselves - in
Abraham Maslow
forgetting curve
George Kelly
performance goals
39. State whereby a victim forms an emotional attachment to their captors.
Hermann Ebbinghaus
synaptic cleft
Stockholm syndrome
ACTH
40. The state of being anonymous
Hermann Ebbinghaus
fixed ratio
Hermann von Helmholtz
anonymity
41. The outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of the independent variable
industrial-organizational psychologist
William James
argument by evidence
dependent variable
42. Process in which cells become specialized in structure and function.
empirical evidence
acetylcholine
differentiation
absolute threshold
43. Adrenocorticotropic hormone - produced by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the adrenal cortex regulates the production of cortisol(steriod hormone) from anterior pituitary
Erik Erikson's
ACTH
mastery goals
variable ratio
44. The science that deals with the origins - physical and cultural development - biological characteristics - and social customs and beliefs of humankind.
anthropology
Stockholm syndrome
epinephrine
cerebellum
45. 1896-1934; russian developmental psychologist who emphasized the role of the social environment on cognitive development and proposed the idea of zones of proximal development. GUIDED PARTICIPATION - Children's interaction with knowledgeable adults o
variable ratio
Lev Vygotsky
abreaction
primary reinforcer
46. A negative condition is introduced to reduce a behavior.
negative punishment
Three phases of memory process
carl jung
naturalistic observation
47. Severe mental illness characterized by auditory hallucinations - paranoia and an inability to distinguish reality from fiction
Erik Erikson's
Sigmund Freud
shizophrenia
Repression
48. Any of several chemical substances - as epinephrine or acetylcholine - that transmit nerve impulses across a synapse to a postsynaptic element - as another nerve - muscle - or gland.
reciprocal determinism
neurotransmitter
Sigmund Freud
variable ratio
49. Stages of development - Stage 3 Purpose - Initiative vs. Guilt - Preschool / 3-6 years - Can the child plan or do things on his own - such as dress him or herself. If 'guilty' about making his or her own choices - the child will not function well. E
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50. Stages of development - Stage 1 Hope - Basic Trust vs. Mistrust - Infant stage / 0-1 year. Does the child believe its caregivers to be reliable?
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