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CLEP Intro To Psychology

Subjects : clep, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Situation in which previously learned information hinders the recall of information learned more recently






2. The aggregate (sum or assemblage of many separate units; sum total) of responses to internal and external stimuli.






3. Stages of development - Stage 3 Purpose - Initiative vs. Guilt - Preschool / 3-6 years - Can the child plan or do things on his own - such as dress him or herself. If 'guilty' about making his or her own choices - the child will not function well. E

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4. Physiological needs drive an organism to act in either random or habitual ways






5. Severe mental illness characterized by auditory hallucinations - paranoia and an inability to distinguish reality from fiction






6. Portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the back of the head; visual areas






7. Adrenocorticotropic hormone - produced by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the adrenal cortex regulates the production of cortisol(steriod hormone) from anterior pituitary






8. Adrenal glands secerets this to activate various organs that results in a phyiscal stress response






9. A study of an individual unit - as a person - family - or social group - usually emphasizing developmental issues and relationships with the environment - especially in order to compare a larger group to the individual unit.






10. Reciprocal action - effect - or influence.






11. The light-sensitive inner surface of the eye - containing the receptor rods and cones plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual information






12. (1821-1894) Emphasized a mechanistic and deterministic approach - assuming human sense organs functioned like machines - Neural Impulse: studied reaction times for sensory nerves in humans - demonstrated that speed of conduction was not instantaneous






13. 1896-1934; russian developmental psychologist who emphasized the role of the social environment on cognitive development and proposed the idea of zones of proximal development. GUIDED PARTICIPATION - Children's interaction with knowledgeable adults o






14. Focused on child psychoanalysis - fully developed defense mechanisms - emphasized importance of the ego and its constant struggle






15. Founder of functionalism; studied how humans use perception to function in our environment; wrote first psychology textbook - The Principles of Psychology






16. A therapist who deals with mental and emotional disorders






17. The appearance of things relative to one another as determined by their distance from the viewer






18. The scientific study of how we think about - influence - and relate to one another






19. The science or study of the origin - development - organization - and functioning of human society; the science of the fundamental laws of social relations - institutions - etc.






20. Process in which cells become specialized in structure and function.






21. A doughnut-shaped system of neural structures at the border of the brainstem and cerebral hemispheres; associated with emotions such as fear and aggression and drives such as those for food and sex. Includes the hippocampus - amygdala - and hypothala






22. A psychologist who studies sensation - perception - learning - motivation - and emotion in carefully controlled laboratory conditions






23. The science that deals with the origins - physical and cultural development - biological characteristics - and social customs and beliefs of humankind.






24. Theory of child development included the Socratic method of questioning children by guiding them to reflect on their behavior. His emphasis on self-awareness and reflection has been adopted into school curricula and used to help students become criti






25. (psychiatry) a defense mechanism that transfers affect or reaction from the original object to some more acceptable one






26. Portion posterior to the frontal lobe - responsible for sensations such as pain - temperature - and touch






27. Theory set forth by psychologist Albert Bandura that a person's behavior both influences and is influenced by personal factors and the social environment






28. Any of several chemical substances - as epinephrine or acetylcholine - that transmit nerve impulses across a synapse to a postsynaptic element - as another nerve - muscle - or gland.






29. Conflict that results from having to choose between two distasteful alternatives






30. The denial of any power or moral value superior to that of humanity; the rejection of religion in favour of a belief in the advancement of humanity by its own efforts






31. The extent to which data collected from a sample can be generalized to the entire population.






32. The quality of unselfish concern for the welfare of others






33. Rapid low-amplitude waves. less prevalent in adults






34. Mental categories that help our brains group objects that have common properties.






35. It is a collection of research designs which use manipulation and controlled testing to understand causal processes. Generally - one or more variables are manipulated to determine their effect on a dependent variable






36. The part of declarative memory that stores general information such as names and facts.






37. Created the Stages of Moral Development - relied for his studies on stories such as the Heinz dilemma - and was interested in how individuals would justify their actions if placed in similar moral dilemmas






38. A microscopic gap between the terminal button of one neuron and the cell membrane of another neuron






39. Natural - opiatelike neurotransmitters linked to pain control and to pleasure






40. Stages of development - Stage 8 Wisdom - Ego Integrity vs. Despair - old age / from mid sixties. Some handle death well. Some can be bitter - unhappy - and/or dissatisfied with what they have accomplished or failed to accomplish within their lifetim

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41. Stages of development - Stage 1 Hope - Basic Trust vs. Mistrust - Infant stage / 0-1 year. Does the child believe its caregivers to be reliable?

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42. Goals framed in terms of performing well in front of others - being judged favorably - and avoiding criticism






43. Considered the Father of modern psychology; study of mental processes - introspection - and self-exam; established the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig - Germany






44. The lowest level of stimulation that a person can detect






45. Level 1 (Pre-Conventional) 1. Obedience and punishment orientation (How can I avoid punishment?) 2. Self-interest orientation (What's in it for me? Paying for a benefit.) - Level 2 (Conventional) 3. Interpersonal accord and conformity (Social norms -






46. A mutual or reciprocal relationship between two or more things






47. Stages of development - Stage 6 Love (in intimate relationships - work and family) - Intimacy vs. Isolation - Young adult / mid twenties till early forties. Who do I want to be with or date - what am I going to do with my life? Will I settle down?

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48. Stages of development - Stage 5 Fidelity - Identity vs. Role Confusion - Adolescent / 12 years till mid twenties. Questioning of self. Who am I - how do I fit in? Where am I going in life? Erikson believes that if the parents allow the child to exp

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49. Stages of development - Stage 2 Will - Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt - Toddler stage / 1-3 years. Child needs to learn to explore the world. Bad if the parent is too smothering or completely neglectful.

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50. Stroke bottom of the foot up and across by the toes and the toes fan out