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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Intro To Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body's skeletal muscles. Also called the skeletal nervous system
cross-sectional study
proactive interference
somatic nervous system
Erik Erikson
2. A study of an individual unit - as a person - family - or social group - usually emphasizing developmental issues and relationships with the environment - especially in order to compare a larger group to the individual unit.
neurotransmitter
case study
Erik Erikson's
clinical psychologist
3. ENCODE - STORE - RETRIEVE
cross-sectional study
Wilhelm Wundt
independent variable
Three phases of memory process
4. Simultaneous color contrast: an effect that occurs when surrounding an area with a color changes the appearence of the surrounded area. - the theory that opposing retinal processes (red-green - yellow-blue - white-black) enable color vision. For exam
catecholamines
Lawrence Kohlberg
sympathetic nervous system
opponent-process theory
5. Adrenocorticotropic hormone - produced by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the adrenal cortex regulates the production of cortisol(steriod hormone) from anterior pituitary
absolute threshold
ACTH
Erik Erikson's
internal validity
6. Stages of development - Stage 8 Wisdom - Ego Integrity vs. Despair - old age / from mid sixties. Some handle death well. Some can be bitter - unhappy - and/or dissatisfied with what they have accomplished or failed to accomplish within their lifetim
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7. Technique of field research - used in anthropology and sociology - by which an investigator (participant observer) studies the life of a group by sharing in its activities
deduction
interaction
participant observation
anthropology
8. Originating in or based on observation or experience
dependent variable
naturalistic observation
empirical evidence
Erik Erikson's
9. Classical conditioning. trained a dog to respond to the sound of a bell by pairing it up with food.
interaction
avoidance-avoidance conflict
epinephrine
Ivan Pavlov
10. A therapist who deals with mental and emotional disorders
psychoanalysis
frontal lobe
clinical psychologist
growth hormone
11. A methodical - logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem
epinephrine
Jean Piaget
algorithm
REM sleep
12. Portion behind to the frontal lobe - responsible for sensations such as pain - temperature - and touch
criterion validity
ACTH
CAT scan
Parietal lobe
13. Neo-Freudian - humanistic; 8 psychosocial stages of development: theory shows how people evolve through the life span. Each stage is marked by a psychological crisis that involves confronting 'Who am I?'
Humanism
Erik Erikson
abreaction
correlation
14. Maslow's pyramid of human needs - beginning at the base with physiological needs that must first be satisfied before higher-level safety needs and then psychological needs become active - Maslow's Theory of Motivation which states that we must achiev
hierarchy of needs
Parietal lobe
John Bowlby
Three phases of memory process
15. Goals framed in terms of increasing ones competence and skills
Erik Erikson's
mastery goals
growth hormone
algorithm
16. Austrian neurologist who originated psychoanalysis (1856-1939); Said that human behavior is irrational; behavior is the outcome of conflict between the id (irrational unconscious driven by sexual - aggressive - and pleasure-seeking desires) and ego (
abreaction
Sigmund Freud
babinksi reflex
limbic system
17. Experimental results caused by expectations alone; any effect on behavior caused by the administration of an inert substance or condition - which is assumed to be an active agent
central nervous system
placebo effect
Erik Erikson's
functionalism
18. Observation or examination of one's own mental and emotional state - mental processes - etc.; the act of looking within oneself.
introspection
independent variable
abreaction
performance goals
19. A negative condition is introduced to reduce a behavior.
negative punishment
occipital lobe
Erik Erikson's
Anna Freud
20. Goals framed in terms of performing well in front of others - being judged favorably - and avoiding criticism
nonrepinephrine
performance goals
Psychoneuroimmunology or PNI
linear perspective
21. Adrenal glands secerets this to activate various organs that results in a phyiscal stress response
catecholamines
limbic system
Lev Vygotsky
endorphins
22. Observing subjects in their natural environment with no attempts at intervention on the part of the researcher.
naturalistic observation
introspection
psychological science
retina
23. A doughnut-shaped system of neural structures at the border of the brainstem and cerebral hemispheres; associated with emotions such as fear and aggression and drives such as those for food and sex. Includes the hippocampus - amygdala - and hypothala
limbic system
frontal lobe
Wilhelm Wundt
avoidance-avoidance conflict
24. The scientific study of how we think about - influence - and relate to one another
occipital lobe
empirical evidence
Sternberg's triangular view
social psychologist
25. The quality of unselfish concern for the welfare of others
William James
opponent-process theory
altruism
Erik Erikson's
26. English empiricist philosopher who believed that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience (1632-1704)
fixed ratio
functionalism
industrial-organizational psychologist
John Locke
27. Natural - opiatelike neurotransmitters linked to pain control and to pleasure
experimental research
shizophrenia
secondary reinforcer
endorphins
28. The central focal point in the retina - around which the eye's cones cluster
fovea
variable ratio
accomodation
Erik Erikson's
29. Images are flashed to the left visual fields (therefore the right hemisphere) and individual cannot name object - but can locate it. Images are flashed to the right visual fields (therefore the left hemisphere) and individual can name object.
correlation
placebo effect
split brain study
abreaction
30. The adjustment of one's schemas to include newly observed events and experiences
John Locke
accomodation
babinksi reflex
somatization
31. Stages of development - Stage 5 Fidelity - Identity vs. Role Confusion - Adolescent / 12 years till mid twenties. Questioning of self. Who am I - how do I fit in? Where am I going in life? Erikson believes that if the parents allow the child to exp
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32. The portion of the vertebrate nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord that perceives - gathers - interprets - and records incoming sensory information and also sends out communication destined for muscles - glands and internal organs s
Erik Erikson's
experimental psychologist
central nervous system
criterion validity
33. Theory states that the acquisitiion of new knowledge and behaviors is central to human development. Was a pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. he is famous fo
growth hormone
ACTH
behavior
B.F. Skinner
34. (psychiatry) a defense mechanism that transfers affect or reaction from the original object to some more acceptable one
displacement
absolute threshold
corticosteriods
fovea
35. A mutual or reciprocal relationship between two or more things
correlation
sympathetic nervous system
carl jung
reinforcer
36. A neurotransmitter that enables learning and memory and also triggers muscle contraction. - lack of production is linked to Alzheimer's
Erik Erikson
anonymity
industrial-organizational psychologist
acetylcholine
37. Describes a schedule of reinforcement wherein a worker is paid for a certain sum for each product produced
cortisol
Jean Piaget
fixed ratio
forgetting curve
38. An innately reinforcing stimulus - such as one that satisfies a biological need
humanistic
Abraham Maslow
neuroscientist
primary reinforcer
39. A schedule where reinforcement happens after a changing number of responses. Example gambling or sales
cerebellum
opponent-process theory
variable ratio
acetylcholine
40. Freud's theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts; the techniques used in treating psychological disorders by seeking to expose and interpret unconscious tensions
Erik Erikson's
industrial-organizational psychologist
Anna Freud
psychoanalysis
41. Personal Construct Psychology. investigative technique - which would remove the influence of the observer's frame of reference on what was observed. he believed (personal construct theory) our personality consists of our thoughts about ourselves - in
synaptic cleft
deduction
Erik Erikson's
George Kelly
42. The 'little brain' attached to the rear of the brainstem; its functions include processing sensory input and coordinating movement output and balance
John Bowlby
Three phases of memory process
cerebellum
Erik Erikson's
43. Stages of development - Stage 2 Will - Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt - Toddler stage / 1-3 years. Child needs to learn to explore the world. Bad if the parent is too smothering or completely neglectful.
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44. Conflict that results from having to choose between two distasteful alternatives
industrial-organizational psychologist
avoidance-avoidance conflict
shizophrenia
acetylcholine
45. Mental categories that help our brains group objects that have common properties.
altruism
differentiation
concept
naturalistic observation
46. A measure of how well the variables of one test (could be personality) measure the same things as the variables of a similar test.
Stockholm syndrome
altruism
criterion validity
John Locke
47. Substance secreted by the anterior pituitary; controls size of an individual by promoting cell division - protein synthesis - and bone growth
growth hormone
significant psychological research
Lawrence Kohlberg
John Bowlby
48. Any clinical approach to personality - as Freud's - that sees personality as the result of a dynamic interplay of conscious and unconscious factors.
abreaction
dependent variable
psychodynamic
fixed ratio
49. It adopts a holistic approach to human existence through investigations of meaning - values - freedom - tragedy - personal responsibility - human potential - spirituality - and self-actualization
Erik Erikson's
opponent-process theory
acetylcholine
humanistic
50. The study of the relationships among psychology - the nervous and endocrine systems - and the immune system.
Anna Freud
carl jung
opponent-process theory
Psychoneuroimmunology or PNI