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CLEP Intro To Psychology

Subjects : clep, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Findings that provide a multilayered - comprehensive understanding of human behavior. Ex. study of stress and human response has to be done from a biological - social and cognitive perspective.






2. Conflict that results from having to choose between two distasteful alternatives






3. Experimental results caused by expectations alone; any effect on behavior caused by the administration of an inert substance or condition - which is assumed to be an active agent






4. A doughnut-shaped system of neural structures at the border of the brainstem and cerebral hemispheres; associated with emotions such as fear and aggression and drives such as those for food and sex. Includes the hippocampus - amygdala - and hypothala






5. Secreted from the adrenal cortex - aids the body during stress by increasing glucose levels






6. The 'little brain' attached to the rear of the brainstem; its functions include processing sensory input and coordinating movement output and balance






7. Behavioral approach - the attempt to relate overt (open to view or knowledge; not concealed or secret) responses to observable environmental stimuli (something that excites an organism or part to functional activity).






8. A measure of how well the variables of one test (could be personality) measure the same things as the variables of a similar test.






9. Any of several chemical substances - as epinephrine or acetylcholine - that transmit nerve impulses across a synapse to a postsynaptic element - as another nerve - muscle - or gland.






10. 1896-1934; russian developmental psychologist who emphasized the role of the social environment on cognitive development and proposed the idea of zones of proximal development. GUIDED PARTICIPATION - Children's interaction with knowledgeable adults o






11. The division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body - mobilizing its energy in stressful situations. Also called a fight or flight response.






12. The lowest level of stimulation that a person can detect






13. A negative condition is introduced to reduce a behavior.






14. Adrenocorticotropic hormone - produced by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the adrenal cortex regulates the production of cortisol(steriod hormone) from anterior pituitary






15. The portion of the vertebrate nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord that perceives - gathers - interprets - and records incoming sensory information and also sends out communication destined for muscles - glands and internal organs s






16. Sensorimotor - birth to language - Preoperational - 2-7 - Concrete Operational - 7 - 11 - Formal Operational 11 - Adult Abstract Thoughts

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17. The denial of any power or moral value superior to that of humanity; the rejection of religion in favour of a belief in the advancement of humanity by its own efforts






18. It is a collection of research designs which use manipulation and controlled testing to understand causal processes. Generally - one or more variables are manipulated to determine their effect on a dependent variable






19. A school of psychology that focused on how mental and behavioral processes function - how they enable the organism to adapt - survive - and flourish.






20. Originating in or based on observation or experience






21. A methodical - logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem






22. Maslow's pyramid of human needs - beginning at the base with physiological needs that must first be satisfied before higher-level safety needs and then psychological needs become active - Maslow's Theory of Motivation which states that we must achiev






23. Physiological needs drive an organism to act in either random or habitual ways






24. Created the Stages of Moral Development - relied for his studies on stories such as the Heinz dilemma - and was interested in how individuals would justify their actions if placed in similar moral dilemmas






25. Stages of development - Stage 8 Wisdom - Ego Integrity vs. Despair - old age / from mid sixties. Some handle death well. Some can be bitter - unhappy - and/or dissatisfied with what they have accomplished or failed to accomplish within their lifetim

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26. Stages of development - Stage 6 Love (in intimate relationships - work and family) - Intimacy vs. Isolation - Young adult / mid twenties till early forties. Who do I want to be with or date - what am I going to do with my life? Will I settle down?

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27. Focused on child psychoanalysis - fully developed defense mechanisms - emphasized importance of the ego and its constant struggle






28. Substance secreted by the anterior pituitary; controls size of an individual by promoting cell division - protein synthesis - and bone growth






29. Goals framed in terms of increasing ones competence and skills






30. The science that deals with the origins - physical and cultural development - biological characteristics - and social customs and beliefs of humankind.






31. Situation in which previously learned information hinders the recall of information learned more recently






32. The study of the relationships among psychology - the nervous and endocrine systems - and the immune system.






33. Portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the back of the head; visual areas






34. An innately reinforcing stimulus - such as one that satisfies a biological need






35. Allows researchers to scan areas of the brain while a participant performs a physical or cognitive task






36. A theory of personality that emphasizes free will and human agency in directing personal behavior. the doctrine emphasizing a person's capacity for self-realization through reason






37. A process by which repressed material - particularly a painful experience or conflict is brought back to consciousness - in this process the person not only recalls - but also relived the repressed material - which is accompained by the appropriate a






38. Natural - opiatelike neurotransmitters linked to pain control and to pleasure






39. A therapist who deals with mental and emotional disorders






40. Stages of development - Stage 3 Purpose - Initiative vs. Guilt - Preschool / 3-6 years - Can the child plan or do things on his own - such as dress him or herself. If 'guilty' about making his or her own choices - the child will not function well. E

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41. Considered the Father of modern psychology; study of mental processes - introspection - and self-exam; established the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig - Germany






42. (psychiatry) a defense mechanism that transfers affect or reaction from the original object to some more acceptable one






43. A 'SNAPSHOT' of a phenomenon such as cancer rate. a number of variables affect one another in a single point in time.






44. Rapid low-amplitude waves. less prevalent in adults






45. Abbreviation for computerized axial tomography - uses a computer and a rotating x-ray device to create detailed - cross-sectional images - or slices - of organs and body parts






46. English empiricist philosopher who believed that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience (1632-1704)






47. Adrenal glands secerets this to activate various organs that results in a phyiscal stress response






48. The adjustment of one's schemas to include newly observed events and experiences






49. Stages of development - Stage 7 Caring - Generativity vs. Stagnation - early forties till mid sixties / starts as the Mid-life crisis. Measure accomplishments/failures. Am I satisfied or not? The need to assist the younger generation. Stagnation is

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50. A mutual or reciprocal relationship between two or more things