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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Intro To Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Stages of development - Stage 8 Wisdom - Ego Integrity vs. Despair - old age / from mid sixties. Some handle death well. Some can be bitter - unhappy - and/or dissatisfied with what they have accomplished or failed to accomplish within their lifetim
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2. Stages of development - Stage 5 Fidelity - Identity vs. Role Confusion - Adolescent / 12 years till mid twenties. Questioning of self. Who am I - how do I fit in? Where am I going in life? Erikson believes that if the parents allow the child to exp
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3. A methodical - logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem
Albert Bandura
behavior
algorithm
shizophrenia
4. Situation in which previously learned information hinders the recall of information learned more recently
drive reduction
parasympathetic nervous system
argument by evidence
proactive interference
5. Personal Construct Psychology. investigative technique - which would remove the influence of the observer's frame of reference on what was observed. he believed (personal construct theory) our personality consists of our thoughts about ourselves - in
reinforcer
neurotransmitter
Lev Vygotsky
George Kelly
6. The science that deals with the origins - physical and cultural development - biological characteristics - and social customs and beliefs of humankind.
Erik Erikson
deduction
anthropology
sympathetic nervous system
7. Act on the immune system to suppress the body's response to infection or trauma. Relieve inflammation - reduce swelling - and suppress symptoms in acute conditions
functionalism
social psychologist
corticosteriods
Erik Erikson's
8. Natural - opiatelike neurotransmitters linked to pain control and to pleasure
endorphins
opponent-process theory
information processing theory
retina
9. A school of psychology that focused on how mental and behavioral processes function - how they enable the organism to adapt - survive - and flourish.
performance goals
experimental psychologist
functionalism
split brain study
10. Maslow's pyramid of human needs - beginning at the base with physiological needs that must first be satisfied before higher-level safety needs and then psychological needs become active - Maslow's Theory of Motivation which states that we must achiev
neurotransmitter
displacement
carl jung
hierarchy of needs
11. Theory set forth by psychologist Albert Bandura that a person's behavior both influences and is influenced by personal factors and the social environment
accomodation
reciprocal determinism
algorithm
interaction
12. A theory of personality that emphasizes free will and human agency in directing personal behavior. the doctrine emphasizing a person's capacity for self-realization through reason
anonymity
Humanism
catecholamines
linear perspective
13. Austrian neurologist who originated psychoanalysis (1856-1939); Said that human behavior is irrational; behavior is the outcome of conflict between the id (irrational unconscious driven by sexual - aggressive - and pleasure-seeking desires) and ego (
proactive interference
REM sleep
Sigmund Freud
Anna Freud
14. Considered the Father of modern psychology; study of mental processes - introspection - and self-exam; established the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig - Germany
growth hormone
negative punishment
carl jung
Wilhelm Wundt
15. Abbreviation for computerized axial tomography - uses a computer and a rotating x-ray device to create detailed - cross-sectional images - or slices - of organs and body parts
primary reinforcer
CAT scan
Parietal lobe
introspection
16. Freud's theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts; the techniques used in treating psychological disorders by seeking to expose and interpret unconscious tensions
psychoanalysis
babinksi reflex
psychodynamic
Meyer Friedman
17. Researcher who pioneered the development of type A (high achieving - multi-taskers who are always very stressed and in a hurry.) and type B (easy going relaxed and not always in a hurry.) personality types based on how well they respond to the multip
Meyer Friedman
cross-sectional study
introspection
correlation
18. Of or pertaining to the mental processes of perception - memory - judgment - and reasoning - as contrasted with emotional and volitional processes
Parietal lobe
psychoanalysis
participant observation
cognitive
19. The first person to study memory scientifically and systematically; used nonsense syllables and recorded how many times he had to study a list to remember it well
social psychologist
Hermann Ebbinghaus
retina
argument by evidence
20. Level 1 (Pre-Conventional) 1. Obedience and punishment orientation (How can I avoid punishment?) 2. Self-interest orientation (What's in it for me? Paying for a benefit.) - Level 2 (Conventional) 3. Interpersonal accord and conformity (Social norms -
babinksi reflex
case study
occipital lobe
Stages of Moral Development
21. The division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body - conserving its energy.
Humanism
parasympathetic nervous system
neurotransmitter
central nervous system
22. The outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of the independent variable
avoidance-avoidance conflict
dependent variable
B.F. Skinner
anthropology
23. Goals framed in terms of performing well in front of others - being judged favorably - and avoiding criticism
performance goals
epinephrine
parietal lobe
mastery goals
24. A study of an individual unit - as a person - family - or social group - usually emphasizing developmental issues and relationships with the environment - especially in order to compare a larger group to the individual unit.
case study
altruism
external validity
catecholamines
25. A negative condition is introduced to reduce a behavior.
negative punishment
psychoanalysis
fovea
reinforcer
26. Any reinforcer that becomes reinforcing after being paired with a primary reinforcer - such as praise - tokens - or gold stars
secondary reinforcer
Erik Erikson's
Piaget's theory of child cognitive development 4 stages
parietal lobe
27. Inferences are said to possess internal validity if a causal relation between two variables is properly demonstrated.
behavior
internal validity
linear perspective
interaction
28. A therapist who deals with mental and emotional disorders
growth hormone
clinical psychologist
case study
Erik Erikson's
29. Adrenaline; activates a sympathetic nervous system by making the heart beat faster - stopping digestion - enlarging pupils - sending sugar into the bloodstream - preparing a blood clot faster
Erik Erikson's
accomodation
epinephrine
oxytocin
30. Helps the body process new information by adapting to old stimuli and making space for new ones
naturalistic observation
concept
sensory adaptation
functional MRI
31. (1821-1894) Emphasized a mechanistic and deterministic approach - assuming human sense organs functioned like machines - Neural Impulse: studied reaction times for sensory nerves in humans - demonstrated that speed of conduction was not instantaneous
Hermann von Helmholtz
synaptic cleft
ACTH
displacement
32. Present evidence to support your claims
semantic memory
argument by evidence
dopamine
catecholamines
33. (psychology) a stimulus that strengthens or weakens the behavior that produced it
Lawrence Kohlberg
external validity
reinforcer
biology
34. An innately reinforcing stimulus - such as one that satisfies a biological need
Stockholm syndrome
John Bowlby
William James
primary reinforcer
35. The light-sensitive inner surface of the eye - containing the receptor rods and cones plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual information
Erik Erikson's
cerebellum
retina
Sigmund Freud
36. The denial of any power or moral value superior to that of humanity; the rejection of religion in favour of a belief in the advancement of humanity by its own efforts
criterion validity
occipital lobe
Humanism
anonymity
37. In psychoanalytic theory - the basic defense mechanism that banishes from consciousness anxiety-arousing thoughts - feelings - and memories
absolute threshold
Repression
dopamine
parasympathetic nervous system
38. The cause of a disease
etiology
Stockholm syndrome
corticosteriods
Erik Erikson
39. Classical conditioning. trained a dog to respond to the sound of a bell by pairing it up with food.
Erik Erikson's
deduction
criterion validity
Ivan Pavlov
40. The study of the relationships among psychology - the nervous and endocrine systems - and the immune system.
ACTH
internal validity
Psychoneuroimmunology or PNI
absolute threshold
41. A psychologist who uses psychological concepts to make the workplace a more satisfying environment for employees and managers
B.F. Skinner
industrial-organizational psychologist
Three phases of memory process
correlation
42. Study of the brain interested in the biological bases of human disorders such as Parkinson's and Huntington's. Neuroscience is a branch of research that is concerned with the underlying physical changes that accompany brain disorders
forgetting curve
neuroscientist
independent variable
social psychologist
43. Three facets: intimacy - commitment - and passion.
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44. Neo-Freudian - humanistic; 8 psychosocial stages of development: theory shows how people evolve through the life span. Each stage is marked by a psychological crisis that involves confronting 'Who am I?'
Erik Erikson
deduction
John Bowlby
oxytocin
45. The extent to which data collected from a sample can be generalized to the entire population.
functionalism
external validity
anthropology
CAT scan
46. A psychologist who studies sensation - perception - learning - motivation - and emotion in carefully controlled laboratory conditions
experimental psychologist
correlation
Erik Erikson's
Humanism
47. Theory states that the acquisitiion of new knowledge and behaviors is central to human development. Was a pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. he is famous fo
Sigmund Freud
anthropology
B.F. Skinner
opponent-process theory
48. Observing subjects in their natural environment with no attempts at intervention on the part of the researcher.
functional MRI
sensory adaptation
John Locke
naturalistic observation
49. Stroke bottom of the foot up and across by the toes and the toes fan out
parietal lobe
experimental psychologist
oxytocin
babinksi reflex
50. Neurotransmitter that influences voluntary movement - attention - alertness; lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson's disease; too much is linked with schizophrenia
dopamine
interaction
somatization
industrial-organizational psychologist