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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Intro To Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The first person to study memory scientifically and systematically; used nonsense syllables and recorded how many times he had to study a list to remember it well
empirical evidence
Hermann Ebbinghaus
Anna Freud
Piaget's theory of child cognitive development 4 stages
2. Conflict that results from having to choose between two distasteful alternatives
avoidance-avoidance conflict
endorphins
retina
limbic system
3. (psychology) a stimulus that strengthens or weakens the behavior that produced it
Three phases of memory process
reinforcer
somatic nervous system
corticosteriods
4. A study of an individual unit - as a person - family - or social group - usually emphasizing developmental issues and relationships with the environment - especially in order to compare a larger group to the individual unit.
frontal lobe
case study
Hermann von Helmholtz
Lev Vygotsky
5. Rapid low-amplitude waves. less prevalent in adults
REM sleep
naturalistic observation
displacement
neofreudian
6. State whereby a victim forms an emotional attachment to their captors.
dependent variable
John Locke
Stockholm syndrome
industrial-organizational psychologist
7. The appearance of things relative to one another as determined by their distance from the viewer
Erik Erikson's
Piaget's theory of child cognitive development 4 stages
experimental research
linear perspective
8. Secreted from the adrenal cortex - aids the body during stress by increasing glucose levels
biology
mastery goals
Stages of Moral Development
cortisol
9. The division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body - mobilizing its energy in stressful situations. Also called a fight or flight response.
case study
social psychologist
sympathetic nervous system
psychodynamic
10. Created the Stages of Moral Development - relied for his studies on stories such as the Heinz dilemma - and was interested in how individuals would justify their actions if placed in similar moral dilemmas
case study
Lawrence Kohlberg
ACTH
endorphins
11. Theory states that the acquisitiion of new knowledge and behaviors is central to human development. Was a pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. he is famous fo
neofreudian
anthropology
Three phases of memory process
B.F. Skinner
12. Process in which cells become specialized in structure and function.
case study
differentiation
criterion validity
deduction
13. The state of being anonymous
carl jung
cross-sectional study
anonymity
psychoanalysis
14. Theory set forth by psychologist Albert Bandura that a person's behavior both influences and is influenced by personal factors and the social environment
reciprocal determinism
Piaget's theory of child cognitive development 4 stages
nonrepinephrine
experimental research
15. Observing subjects in their natural environment with no attempts at intervention on the part of the researcher.
naturalistic observation
frontal lobe
neuroscientist
reinforcer
16. A psychologist who studies sensation - perception - learning - motivation - and emotion in carefully controlled laboratory conditions
experimental psychologist
humanistic
drive reduction
Jean Piaget
17. The denial of any power or moral value superior to that of humanity; the rejection of religion in favour of a belief in the advancement of humanity by its own efforts
Humanism
abreaction
nonrepinephrine
neurotransmitter
18. Describes a schedule of reinforcement wherein a worker is paid for a certain sum for each product produced
shizophrenia
forgetting curve
independent variable
fixed ratio
19. (psychiatry) a defense mechanism that transfers affect or reaction from the original object to some more acceptable one
displacement
criterion validity
argument by evidence
Wilhelm Wundt
20. Considered the Father of modern psychology; study of mental processes - introspection - and self-exam; established the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig - Germany
Erik Erikson's
empirical evidence
Wilhelm Wundt
placebo effect
21. Personal Construct Psychology. investigative technique - which would remove the influence of the observer's frame of reference on what was observed. he believed (personal construct theory) our personality consists of our thoughts about ourselves - in
occipital lobe
psychological science
John Bowlby
George Kelly
22. The light-sensitive inner surface of the eye - containing the receptor rods and cones plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual information
anthropology
babinksi reflex
retina
reciprocal determinism
23. Technique of field research - used in anthropology and sociology - by which an investigator (participant observer) studies the life of a group by sharing in its activities
participant observation
anonymity
B.F. Skinner
endorphins
24. A school of psychology that focused on how mental and behavioral processes function - how they enable the organism to adapt - survive - and flourish.
babinksi reflex
functionalism
internal validity
Erik Erikson
25. Theory of child development included the Socratic method of questioning children by guiding them to reflect on their behavior. His emphasis on self-awareness and reflection has been adopted into school curricula and used to help students become criti
Jean Piaget
cross-sectional study
acetylcholine
Piaget's theory of child cognitive development 4 stages
26. Created the 'hierarchy of needs -'--physiological needs - safety & security - love & belonging - self-esteem - self-actualization.
information processing theory
babinksi reflex
Abraham Maslow
altruism
27. Researcher who pioneered the development of type A (high achieving - multi-taskers who are always very stressed and in a hurry.) and type B (easy going relaxed and not always in a hurry.) personality types based on how well they respond to the multip
cross-sectional study
participant observation
reinforcer
Meyer Friedman
28. Goals framed in terms of increasing ones competence and skills
sociology
neurotransmitter
mastery goals
hierarchy of needs
29. Behavioral approach - the attempt to relate overt (open to view or knowledge; not concealed or secret) responses to observable environmental stimuli (something that excites an organism or part to functional activity).
Erik Erikson's
Erik Erikson's
psychological science
correlation
30. Portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the back of the head; visual areas
occipital lobe
Erik Erikson's
nonrepinephrine
John Locke
31. Any clinical approach to personality - as Freud's - that sees personality as the result of a dynamic interplay of conscious and unconscious factors.
Ivan Pavlov
hierarchy of needs
Parietal lobe
psychodynamic
32. Pioneer in observational learning (AKA social learning) - stated that people profit from the mistakes/successes of others; Studies: Bobo Dolls-adults demonstrated 'appropriate' play with dolls - children mimicked play
dopamine
introspection
growth hormone
Albert Bandura
33. Anti adrenaline - affects neurons involved in increased heart rate and the slowing of intestinal activity during stress - and neurons involved in learning - memory - dreaming - waking from sleep - and emotion. increase arousal and boost mood-scarce d
anonymity
introspection
nonrepinephrine
linear perspective
34. A negative condition is introduced to reduce a behavior.
Erik Erikson's
negative punishment
Erik Erikson
B.F. Skinner
35. Severe mental illness characterized by auditory hallucinations - paranoia and an inability to distinguish reality from fiction
shizophrenia
forgetting curve
functionalism
sociology
36. A hormone released by the pituitary gland of the brain during childbirth - breastfeeding - and intercourse - causing emotional bonding between persons in whom it is released
algorithm
oxytocin
biology
catecholamines
37. The division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body's skeletal muscles. Also called the skeletal nervous system
somatic nervous system
dependent variable
corticosteriods
Lawrence Kohlberg
38. Simultaneous color contrast: an effect that occurs when surrounding an area with a color changes the appearence of the surrounded area. - the theory that opposing retinal processes (red-green - yellow-blue - white-black) enable color vision. For exam
psychological science
catecholamines
differentiation
opponent-process theory
39. Part of the cerebral cortex; coordinates messages from other cerebral lobes; involved in complex problem-solving tasks - thinking - self-control - judgment - emotion regulation - personality affects - concentration - goal directed behavior; restructu
concept
frontal lobe
accomodation
oxytocin
40. English empiricist philosopher who believed that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience (1632-1704)
cortisol
Erik Erikson's
accomodation
John Locke
41. A methodical - logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem
endorphins
algorithm
occipital lobe
proactive interference
42. Classical conditioning. trained a dog to respond to the sound of a bell by pairing it up with food.
semantic memory
biology
Ivan Pavlov
sympathetic nervous system
43. Mental categories that help our brains group objects that have common properties.
limbic system
deduction
concept
Jean Piaget
44. The science of life or living matter in all its forms and phenomena - especially with reference to origin - growth - reproduction - structure - and behavior.
Anna Freud
Psychoneuroimmunology or PNI
biology
Abraham Maslow
45. Stages of development - Stage 6 Love (in intimate relationships - work and family) - Intimacy vs. Isolation - Young adult / mid twenties till early forties. Who do I want to be with or date - what am I going to do with my life? Will I settle down?
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46. The part of declarative memory that stores general information such as names and facts.
semantic memory
cortisol
independent variable
concept
47. A neurotransmitter that enables learning and memory and also triggers muscle contraction. - lack of production is linked to Alzheimer's
deduction
variable ratio
acetylcholine
Gordon Allport
48. Attachment theory -
case study
John Bowlby
shizophrenia
altruism
49. Natural - opiatelike neurotransmitters linked to pain control and to pleasure
Meyer Friedman
significant psychological research
endorphins
longitudinal study
50. It adopts a holistic approach to human existence through investigations of meaning - values - freedom - tragedy - personal responsibility - human potential - spirituality - and self-actualization
dopamine
Anna Freud
accomodation
humanistic