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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Intro To Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Part of the cerebral cortex; coordinates messages from other cerebral lobes; involved in complex problem-solving tasks - thinking - self-control - judgment - emotion regulation - personality affects - concentration - goal directed behavior; restructu
frontal lobe
REM sleep
independent variable
external validity
2. Situation in which previously learned information hinders the recall of information learned more recently
Lawrence Kohlberg
introspection
proactive interference
endorphins
3. A mutual or reciprocal relationship between two or more things
B.F. Skinner
Erik Erikson's
correlation
biology
4. Describes a schedule of reinforcement wherein a worker is paid for a certain sum for each product produced
cognitive
fixed ratio
psychodynamic
hierarchy of needs
5. Images are flashed to the left visual fields (therefore the right hemisphere) and individual cannot name object - but can locate it. Images are flashed to the right visual fields (therefore the left hemisphere) and individual can name object.
split brain study
frontal lobe
primary reinforcer
altruism
6. The science that deals with the origins - physical and cultural development - biological characteristics - and social customs and beliefs of humankind.
George Kelly
Lev Vygotsky
anthropology
performance goals
7. Theory of child development included the Socratic method of questioning children by guiding them to reflect on their behavior. His emphasis on self-awareness and reflection has been adopted into school curricula and used to help students become criti
Jean Piaget
nonrepinephrine
displacement
placebo effect
8. Focused on child psychoanalysis - fully developed defense mechanisms - emphasized importance of the ego and its constant struggle
Stages of Moral Development
longitudinal study
George Kelly
Anna Freud
9. Stages of development - Stage 7 Caring - Generativity vs. Stagnation - early forties till mid sixties / starts as the Mid-life crisis. Measure accomplishments/failures. Am I satisfied or not? The need to assist the younger generation. Stagnation is
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10. Stroke bottom of the foot up and across by the toes and the toes fan out
babinksi reflex
neurotransmitter
Lev Vygotsky
reinforcer
11. Any clinical approach to personality - as Freud's - that sees personality as the result of a dynamic interplay of conscious and unconscious factors.
experimental research
independent variable
psychodynamic
opponent-process theory
12. Stages of development - Stage 4 Competence - Industry vs. Inferiority - School-age / 6-11. Child comparing self worth to others (such as in a classroom environment). Child can recognize major disparities in personal abilities relative to other chil
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13. A psychologist who uses psychological concepts to make the workplace a more satisfying environment for employees and managers
Stages of Moral Development
Sigmund Freud
functionalism
industrial-organizational psychologist
14. Natural - opiatelike neurotransmitters linked to pain control and to pleasure
endorphins
anthropology
clinical psychologist
Erik Erikson's
15. A 'SNAPSHOT' of a phenomenon such as cancer rate. a number of variables affect one another in a single point in time.
cross-sectional study
displacement
occipital lobe
introspection
16. Portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the back of the head; visual areas
occipital lobe
avoidance-avoidance conflict
criterion validity
Sternberg's triangular view
17. Researcher who pioneered the development of type A (high achieving - multi-taskers who are always very stressed and in a hurry.) and type B (easy going relaxed and not always in a hurry.) personality types based on how well they respond to the multip
Meyer Friedman
significant psychological research
anthropology
empirical evidence
18. A theory of personality that emphasizes free will and human agency in directing personal behavior. the doctrine emphasizing a person's capacity for self-realization through reason
REM sleep
case study
Humanism
secondary reinforcer
19. Anti adrenaline - affects neurons involved in increased heart rate and the slowing of intestinal activity during stress - and neurons involved in learning - memory - dreaming - waking from sleep - and emotion. increase arousal and boost mood-scarce d
Wilhelm Wundt
synaptic cleft
psychological science
nonrepinephrine
20. Stages of development - Stage 5 Fidelity - Identity vs. Role Confusion - Adolescent / 12 years till mid twenties. Questioning of self. Who am I - how do I fit in? Where am I going in life? Erikson believes that if the parents allow the child to exp
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21. Any reinforcer that becomes reinforcing after being paired with a primary reinforcer - such as praise - tokens - or gold stars
deduction
secondary reinforcer
acetylcholine
limbic system
22. Stages of development - Stage 1 Hope - Basic Trust vs. Mistrust - Infant stage / 0-1 year. Does the child believe its caregivers to be reliable?
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23. The science or study of the origin - development - organization - and functioning of human society; the science of the fundamental laws of social relations - institutions - etc.
Erik Erikson's
sociology
sympathetic nervous system
reciprocal determinism
24. Accepted Freud's basic ideas - but doubted sex was all-consuming and gave more credit to consciousness and childhood
nonrepinephrine
neofreudian
Piaget's theory of child cognitive development 4 stages
empirical evidence
25. Neurotransmitter that influences voluntary movement - attention - alertness; lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson's disease; too much is linked with schizophrenia
synaptic cleft
dopamine
internal validity
case study
26. The scientific study of how we think about - influence - and relate to one another
social psychologist
opponent-process theory
empirical evidence
secondary reinforcer
27. A school of psychology that focused on how mental and behavioral processes function - how they enable the organism to adapt - survive - and flourish.
Sigmund Freud
Lawrence Kohlberg
functionalism
dopamine
28. Helps the body process new information by adapting to old stimuli and making space for new ones
sensory adaptation
significant psychological research
Three phases of memory process
Humanism
29. Conflict that results from having to choose between two distasteful alternatives
Erik Erikson's
algorithm
avoidance-avoidance conflict
industrial-organizational psychologist
30. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation
carl jung
altruism
semantic memory
Parietal lobe
31. Neo-Freudian - humanistic; 8 psychosocial stages of development: theory shows how people evolve through the life span. Each stage is marked by a psychological crisis that involves confronting 'Who am I?'
nonrepinephrine
Erik Erikson
carl jung
empirical evidence
32. Sensorimotor - birth to language - Preoperational - 2-7 - Concrete Operational - 7 - 11 - Formal Operational 11 - Adult Abstract Thoughts
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33. A psychologist who studies sensation - perception - learning - motivation - and emotion in carefully controlled laboratory conditions
cognitive
etiology
experimental psychologist
primary reinforcer
34. The cause of a disease
ACTH
Parietal lobe
case study
etiology
35. A systematic method of deriving conclusions that cannot be false when the premises are true - esp one amenable to formalization and study by the science of logic
performance goals
deduction
displacement
Sternberg's triangular view
36. The aggregate (sum or assemblage of many separate units; sum total) of responses to internal and external stimuli.
Erik Erikson's
behavior
Erik Erikson's
parasympathetic nervous system
37. Reciprocal action - effect - or influence.
interaction
sympathetic nervous system
proactive interference
somatization
38. Pioneer in observational learning (AKA social learning) - stated that people profit from the mistakes/successes of others; Studies: Bobo Dolls-adults demonstrated 'appropriate' play with dolls - children mimicked play
hierarchy of needs
Albert Bandura
Erik Erikson's
acetylcholine
39. Technique of field research - used in anthropology and sociology - by which an investigator (participant observer) studies the life of a group by sharing in its activities
participant observation
dependent variable
central nervous system
Erik Erikson's
40. Act on the immune system to suppress the body's response to infection or trauma. Relieve inflammation - reduce swelling - and suppress symptoms in acute conditions
mastery goals
corticosteriods
functionalism
empirical evidence
41. It adopts a holistic approach to human existence through investigations of meaning - values - freedom - tragedy - personal responsibility - human potential - spirituality - and self-actualization
abreaction
cross-sectional study
humanistic
introspection
42. Attachment theory -
Anna Freud
biology
algorithm
John Bowlby
43. Substance secreted by the anterior pituitary; controls size of an individual by promoting cell division - protein synthesis - and bone growth
growth hormone
Erik Erikson
Wilhelm Wundt
Parietal lobe
44. An innately reinforcing stimulus - such as one that satisfies a biological need
primary reinforcer
B.F. Skinner
correlation
Three phases of memory process
45. The part of declarative memory that stores general information such as names and facts.
semantic memory
dopamine
Ivan Pavlov
mastery goals
46. Originating in or based on observation or experience
sensory adaptation
empirical evidence
social psychologist
deduction
47. Simultaneous color contrast: an effect that occurs when surrounding an area with a color changes the appearence of the surrounded area. - the theory that opposing retinal processes (red-green - yellow-blue - white-black) enable color vision. For exam
placebo effect
altruism
behavior
opponent-process theory
48. The division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body's skeletal muscles. Also called the skeletal nervous system
dependent variable
somatic nervous system
babinksi reflex
Piaget's theory of child cognitive development 4 stages
49. Goals framed in terms of performing well in front of others - being judged favorably - and avoiding criticism
abreaction
REM sleep
catecholamines
performance goals
50. Stages of development - Stage 3 Purpose - Initiative vs. Guilt - Preschool / 3-6 years - Can the child plan or do things on his own - such as dress him or herself. If 'guilty' about making his or her own choices - the child will not function well. E
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