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CLEP Macroeconomics: Monetary And Fiscal Policy
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Subjects
:
clep
,
economics
Instructions:
Answer 48 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The use of monetary policy by the central bank to cushion the blow of aggregate supply shocks
C + I + G + X = GDP
nominal GDP
Phillips curve
accommodation
2. Relationship between inflation and unemployment
demand-pull inflation
inverse
imbalance of trade
vertical
3. Fundamental equation of monetarism
equation of exchange
inflation
high interest rates
accommodation
4. New Classical Economists assert that households and firms pursue economics for their own ____-_________
self-interests
supply shock
another name for New Classical Economists
vertical
5. According to RET - cost of this depends on whether or not it is expected
pro-cyclical
nominal GDP
self-interests
inflation
6. The economy may stagnate in the absence of proper work - saving and investment incentives
unbalanced
vertical
expansionary fiscal policy
supply-side economics
7. Keynesian economics believes that AD is ________
unstable
demand-pull inflation
households
vertical
8. Inflation that results from an initial increase in aggregate demand
annually balanced budget
demand-pull inflation
horizontal
monetarist view
9. According to Keynesian economists - this could pull the economy out of a recession or depression
expansionary fiscal policy
unstable
automatic stabilizers
vertical
10. According to classical economics - AD curve is stable if....
expansionary fiscal policy
total public debt
money supply is constant
NCE/RET
11. Large annual debts create this - promoting imports and stifling exports
taxes
imbalance of trade
unbalanced
how to finance a deficit
12. This kind of fiscal policy is necessary for a balanced budget - would tend to magnify the changes in the economy - and make the business cycle more pronounced
MV = PQ
pro-cyclical
Phillips curve
how to finance a deficit
13. Modern fiscal policy favors this kind of budgets for the purpose of economic stabilization
horizontal
unbalanced
nominal GDP
unstable
14. According to Keynesian theory - AS curve is __________
NCE/RET
accommodation
horizontal
households
15. PQ or price level times physical volume of goods and services - is equal to...
equation of exchange
money supply
cyclically balanced budget
nominal GDP
16. Balancing the budget is secondary to ensuring that the economy runs at a non-inflationary full employment level
cost-push inflation
functional finance
unstable
definition of M - V - P - and Q
17. This consequence of national debt may lead to inflation
weak
interest payments on loans
horizontal
cyclically balanced budget
18. Relation between inflation and unemployment
MV = PQ
Phillips curve
automatic stabilizers
imbalance of trade
19. Three ways the government could reduce deficit: increase/decrease (1) taxes - (2) spending - and (3) interest rates
households
money supply is constant
functional finance
increase taxes - decrease spending - or decrease interest rates
20. Rational Expectations Theorists
another name for New Classical Economists
Keynesian fiscal policy
inflation
money supply is constant
21. _____ tend to alter the behaviour of the public when imposed by the government
supply shock
taxes
inflation
cyclically balanced budget
22. A sudden and drastic change in the supply curve
Phillips curve
weak
self-interests
supply shock
23. Taxes and transfer payments that stabilize GDP without requiring policymakers to take explicit actions
automatic stabilizers
supply-side economics
demand-pull inflation
functional finance
24. Encourage foreign investment
stagflation
core of Keynesian economics
high interest rates
automatic stabilizers
25. Feeds on interest payments & limits a government's ability to use discretionary stabilization policies
imbalance of trade
how to finance a deficit
debt
inflation
26. Keynesian economists believe that monetary policy is a ____ tool for economic stability
weak
stagflation
anticipated inflation
inflation
27. The competition in the marketplace provides economic stability
core of Keynesian economics
monetarist view
vertical
expansionary fiscal policy
28. Classical economists believe that the AS curve is _______
money supply
vertical
classical economics
inflation
29. Money is at the root of aggregate demand
classical theory of economics
self-interests
unbalanced
weak
30. The government must go to the money markets and compete with the private sector for funds
recessions
inflation
annually balanced budget
how to finance a deficit
31. Which kind of inflation avoids some of the costs?
self-interests
supply shock
anticipated inflation
functional finance
32. Inflation accompanied by simultaneous increases in prices and unemployment
stagflation
vertical
weak
how to finance a deficit
33. _________ will prefer to consume than to save
supply shock
high interest rates
households
annually balanced budget
34. Basic Keynesian economic equation
money supply
households
C + I + G + X = GDP
horizontal
35. Inflation that results from an initial increase in costs
cost-push inflation
money supply is constant
pro-cyclical
Phillips curve
36. NCE/RET imply that the aggregate supply curve is _______
cost-push inflation
vertical
Keynesian fiscal policy
inflation
37. Accumulation of government deficits
recessions
MV = PQ
imbalance of trade
total public debt
38. ______ ______ is most important in a monetarist's view for determining output - price and employment levels
another name for New Classical Economists
money supply
high interest rates
money supply is constant
39. Money supply - velocity - price level - physical volume of goods and services
definition of M - V - P - and Q
classical theory of economics
debt
another name for New Classical Economists
40. One source of public debt
horizontal
recessions
accommodation
automatic stabilizers
41. Believe that markets are highly competitive and adjust prices quickly to changes in supply and demand
NCE/RET
pro-cyclical
money supply is constant
nominal GDP
42. Amount spent = amount received - which is equation of exchange
weak
expansionary fiscal policy
pro-cyclical
MV = PQ
43. Prices adjust in a natural way to bring the markets for goods and labor into equilibrium
Keynesian fiscal policy
imbalance of trade
stagflation
classical economics
44. In the short-run prices and wages are downwardly inflexible
accommodation
cost-push inflation
core of Keynesian economics
Phillips curve
45. This kind of budget exerts counter-cyclical pressure on the economy - balancing the budgets in the bad times with the surpluses of the good times
anticipated inflation
definition of M - V - P - and Q
Keynesian fiscal policy
cyclically balanced budget
46. The price level rises and money loses value
automatic stabilizers
inflation
pro-cyclical
money supply
47. The budget must be balanced each year
demand-pull inflation
anticipated inflation
annually balanced budget
imbalance of trade
48. Using taxes and spending to influence the level of GDP in the short run
expansionary fiscal policy
self-interests
functional finance
Keynesian fiscal policy
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