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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Political Science
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Subjects
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clep
,
political-science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A basic plan that outlines the structure and functions of the national government. Clearly rooted in Western political thought - it sets limits on government and protects both property and individual rights.
Collective action problem: causes
Constitution
Interest Groups
State Strength
2. The organized study of government and politics. It borrows from the related disciplines of history - philosophy - sociology - economics - and law.
Political Science
Collective action problem: causes
Science
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
3. The opportunity to choose among alternative candidates and positions
Contestation
Bureaucracy
Method of Inference
Culture
4. Territorial monopoly over the legitimate use of force. Refers to the government + the people + the territory ('the country')
State
International Relations
Identity
classic Liberalism
5. Shorter-lived - Slightly less repressive - Ideology not so clear - In favor of capitalism - though with state involvement - Based more on Social Darwinism/racism/nationlsm - Conservatism run amok?
Qualitative method
Subfields of Political Science
Comparative Government
Fascism
6. Individual rationality does not always lead to collective rationality - Walking on the grass - Policy implementation is problematic - Voting; protests; interest groups; etc. are underprovided (Olson's point)
State
Significance of Collective action problem
Politics
Participation
7. Historical origins. Failure of liberalism to address shortcomings of capitalist industrialization; Marx - Central assumption: All persons are of equal value - but they cannot develop themselves alone
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
Socialism
Science
Terrorism
8. A political organization that primarily uses lobbying - Currency/instrument: money - information - numbers
Interest Groups
Primordialism
Political Violence
Revolution
9. Historical origins. A response to the old feudal order and the rise of modern capitalism - 'The highest good of society [is] the ability of the members of that society to develop their individual capacities to the fullest extent' (p. 26) One of the 3
Totalitarianism
Observational/Evidential
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Liberalism
10. In social movements - rational choice and culture come together - Culture: the sense of a righteous - popular will that has been subverted ('framing'/'grievance') - Motivates collective action - But also determines the choice of organization and tact
Democracy
Social Movements: Causes
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Collective action problem: causes
11. Compiling a body of data based on direct observation that can be utilized both to explain what has been observed and to form valid generalizations.
Empirical Knowledge
Advantages of Social Movements
Economics
Sovereignty
12. The mathematical formula used to allocate the seats according to the vote - Plurality or 'first-past-the-post' - various PR formulas - such as D'Hondt - largest remainders - St. Lague - etc.
political equality
Collective action problem: Solutions
Political Violence
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
13. Energy or righteous zeal wins large numbers of participants - Nimble in framing issues and changing tactics
Advantages of Social Movements
Political Science
Subfields of Political Science
Consolidation
14. Political parties - Interest groups - Social movements
Three types of Political Organization
Political Theory
Totalitarianism
Qualitative method
15. Identities are malleable - and anything can become politicized. Struggles to explain fundamental patterns in political identity or their grasp on our souls. Can't really explain which identities become politicized either
Constructivism
Gender as a Process
Civic Engagement
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
16. An organization that seeks elective office - Currency/instrument: votes
Political Party
International Relations
Collective action problem: Solutions
Civic Engagement
17. State of nature (collective action problem) - Hobbes' solution: the social contract
Sovereignty
Why States/Governments
Quantitative
International Relations
18. You see a puzzle - You come up with a potential explanation (a 'theory') - You test it with evidence (data drawn from the 5 senses) - You share the results with others and get their feedback - Repeat steps 2 through 4 until you publish
Conservatism
Fascism
Political Science
Method of Inference
19. Public vs. private goods - Non-exclusivity. The owner can't deny access - Inexhaustability. The good is never used up - Jointness of supply. Its existence depends on our combined contribution; truly 'collective' - Free riding. We generally fail to co
Collective action problem: causes
Bureaucracy
Authority
Political Factors of Strong States
20. The set of relationships among parties in a country - Often categorized by the effective number of parties.
political equality
International Relations
Party System
State Strength
21. Warfare and military technology - Economic: development of trade and manufacturing and new financial/fiscal instruments - Cultural: Enlightenment - (There are also Environmental/geographic factors)
Participation
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
classic Liberalism
Political Factors of Strong States
22. it works better in the long run - less risk/variability
Utilitarian Justification
political equality
Political Factors of Strong States
Social Movements: Causes
23. Hypotheses based on what has been observed.
Observational Laws
Political Party
Authority
Gender as a Category
24. Think of this as 'gender as cause'. Gender roles change and/or mix of women in politics changes; what is the consequence? Key finding: having more women in public office changes the policy agenda - i.e. - more focus on women's issues
District Magnitude
Gender as a Category
Terrorism
Three types of Political Organization
25. America's two ideologies (Liberal and Conservative) are two versions of classic liberalism
Transition
Observational/Evidential
classic Liberalism
Fascism
26. Traditionally measured as capacity and autonomy
Fascism
Significance of Collective action problem
Collective action problem: Solutions
State Strength
27. A consideration of how nations interact with each other within the frameworks of law - diplomacy - and international organizations such as the United Nations.
Subfields of Political Science
Comparative Government
Why States/Governments
International Relations
28. Hard to amass resources (money and information) - Short-lived - The dilemma of formalization
State
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
Culture
Disadvantages of Social Movements
29. Describes the principal characteristics of what has been studied.
Economics
Observational/Evidential
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Civic Engagement
30. Concentration vs. dispersal of power
31. Analyzing the data that has been collected and offering plausible general principles that can be drawn from what has been observed.
Theories
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Democracy
Empirical Knowledge
32. A civil war (...) in which one party is the state - the insurgents win - the insurgents have a lot of popular support - and the insurgents implement 'wholesale political change'
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Revolution
Patronage
Gender as a Process
33. how many seats are allotted to each electoral district
District Magnitude
Empirical Knowledge
Unicameral Legislature
Majoritarian
34. Shared sets of meanings
Utilitarian Justification
Political Identity
Culture
Terrorism
35. Utility maximization - Preferences: Comparability/Completeness - Transitivity - Probability - Incomplete information and uncertainty about future - Mathematical modeling
Constitution
Sovereignty
Civic Engagement
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
36. No or low citizen accountability ('subjects' rather than 'citizens') - Reciprocal relationship between leader and selectorate - Totalitarianism vs. authoritarianism
Non-democratic regimes
Fascism
Social Movements
political equality
37. (Voluntary) allocation (production and distribution) of goods and services
Economics
Empirical Knowledge
Significance of Collective action problem
International Relations
38. monopoly over the legitimate use of force
Patronage
Conservatism
Criticisms of Rational Choice
Sovereignty
39. The making of collectively binding decisions
District Magnitude
Politics
Socialism
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
40. equality in political decision making: one vote per person - with all votes counted equally
Collective action problem: Solutions
Conservatism
Authoritarianism
political equality
41. An identity-based community - where the identity is strong enough that we think we should probably be sovereign...
Nation
Observational/Evidential
State Strength
Collective action problem: Solutions
42. Situation where all fully qualified citizens have an equal say
Civic Engagement
State
Fascism
Participation
43. Utility: self-interest - but what constitutes self-interest? Material self-interest? Economics - Politics. Example: vote maximization - The gospel Failures of rationality - Really incomplete information & satisfaction - Intransitivity and other cogni
Political Science
Social Movements: Causes
Criticisms of Rational Choice
Qualitative method
44. A historical exploration of the major contributions to political thought from the ancient Greeks to the contemporary theorists. It also involves the philosophical and speculative consideration of the political world.
Collective action problem: Solutions
District Magnitude
Constructivism
Political Theory
45. Also known as interpersonal trust & tolerance
Solidarity
Totalitarianism
Classic Liberal Argument
Political Theory
46. Tactics An organization that seeks to influence government through 'contentious' or 'disruptive' politics - Currency/instrument: show of force - numbers - brinkmanship - Organization A (non-hierarchical) network of organizations and individuals worki
Constitution
Social Movements
Patronage
Method of Inference
47. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Judicial Review - Number of chambers: bicameral - Federalism: Federal
Consensual
Unicameral Legislature
Solidarity
Revolution
48. The rules about making the rules - often embodied in a constitution.
Regime type
Collective action problem: causes
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
Comparative Government
49. The identities that can become political are those formed very early in life or perhaps vaguely racial/genetic. Struggles to explain (rapid) cultural change - or which identities become politicized
Why States/Governments
(Civil) Society
Primordialism
Threshold
50. Long-lived - Extreme lack of social pluralism - Well-defined ideology - Against capitalism - Based on Marxist arguments about class solidarity - economic determinism - Socialism run amok?
Contestation
District Magnitude
Communism
Participation