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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Political Science
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Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
political-science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Individual rationality does not always lead to collective rationality - Walking on the grass - Policy implementation is problematic - Voting; protests; interest groups; etc. are underprovided (Olson's point)
Significance of Collective action problem
Quantitative
Transition
Observational/Evidential
2. The use of force by states or non-state actors to achieve political goals
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
Political Violence
Solidarity
Patronage
3. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Parliamentary supremacy - Number of chambers: Unicameral/weak bicameral - Federalism: Unitary
Non-democratic regimes
Economics
Majoritarian
Three types of Political Organization
4. Any identity that significantly shapes our political decisions
Political Identity
Conservatism
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Participation
5. In social movements - rational choice and culture come together - Culture: the sense of a righteous - popular will that has been subverted ('framing'/'grievance') - Motivates collective action - But also determines the choice of organization and tact
Revolution
Solidarity
Social Movements: Causes
Socialism
6. Compiling a body of data based on direct observation that can be utilized both to explain what has been observed and to form valid generalizations.
Contestation
Empirical Knowledge
Economics
Patronage
7. it works better in the long run - less risk/variability
Utilitarian Justification
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Science
Civic Engagement
8. when you must get a minimum percent of votes to have your votes count or (sometimes) to retain your party registration
Fascism
Primordialism
Majoritarian
Threshold
9. You see a puzzle - You come up with a potential explanation (a 'theory') - You test it with evidence (data drawn from the 5 senses) - You share the results with others and get their feedback - Repeat steps 2 through 4 until you publish
Regime type
Political Theory
Terrorism
Method of Inference
10. A subset of culture - based on our ability to attach labels to ourselves and others - or to define ourselves in terms of the groups we belong to - Some political examples: Partisan identity - Class identity - Ethnic identity - National identity
Transition
Majoritarian
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Identity
11. Utility: self-interest - but what constitutes self-interest? Material self-interest? Economics - Politics. Example: vote maximization - The gospel Failures of rationality - Really incomplete information & satisfaction - Intransitivity and other cogni
Criticisms of Rational Choice
political equality
Constructivism
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
12. Process or moment of changing from one regime type to another Ex: Arab Springs (Causes: cultural or economice - or military culture) - (int'l factors: U.S. foreign policy - Soviet foreign policy - Changes to Catholic doctrine - EU accession - Globali
Constitution
Three types of Political Organization
Transition
Conservatism
13. Selective incentives - Small group size - Social (solidary) incentives - Homogeneity - Others? Duty and altruism? Love?
Authority
Bureaucracy
Collective action problem: Solutions
Utilitarian Justification
14. Utility maximization - Preferences: Comparability/Completeness - Transitivity - Probability - Incomplete information and uncertainty about future - Mathematical modeling
Utilitarian Justification
Unicameral Legislature
Political Party
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
15. Efficiency vs. representativeness
16. Force + Legitimacy
Authority
Qualitative method
Gender as a Category
Culture
17. Long-lived - Extreme lack of social pluralism - Well-defined ideology - Against capitalism - Based on Marxist arguments about class solidarity - economic determinism - Socialism run amok?
Socialism
Communism
Constitution
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
18. monopoly over the legitimate use of force
Quantitative
Criticisms of Rational Choice
Sovereignty
Ideology
19. Concentration vs. dispersal of power
20. An organization that seeks elective office - Currency/instrument: votes
Primordialism
Threshold
Political Identity
Political Party
21. Shared sets of meanings
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
Criticisms of Rational Choice
Subfields of Political Science
Culture
22. Use of method of inference to create generalizeable explanations
Patronage
Fascism
Science
Identity
23. The rules about making the rules - often embodied in a constitution.
Quantitative
Terrorism
Regime type
Observational Laws
24. No or low citizen accountability ('subjects' rather than 'citizens') - Reciprocal relationship between leader and selectorate - Totalitarianism vs. authoritarianism
Threshold
Contestation
Non-democratic regimes
Civic Engagement
25. Traditionally measured as capacity and autonomy
Culture
Regime type
Consolidation
State Strength
26. Monarchies - Single-party regimes - Military regimes - Oligarchies - Theocracies - Personalistic regimes
International Relations
State
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Participation
27. A systematic study of the structures of two or more political systems (such as those of Britain and the People's Republic of China) to achieve an understanding of how different societies manage the realities of governing. Also considered are politica
Political Party
Comparative Government
Liberalism
Revolution
28. Political parties - Interest groups - Social movements
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
Culture
Constitution
Three types of Political Organization
29. Public vs. private goods - Non-exclusivity. The owner can't deny access - Inexhaustability. The good is never used up - Jointness of supply. Its existence depends on our combined contribution; truly 'collective' - Free riding. We generally fail to co
Liberalism
Comparative Government
Collective action problem: causes
Sovereignty
30. 19th - in the United States and Western Europe.
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
Revolution
Collective action problem: Solutions
Threshold
31. All voluntary associations/all secondary associations
District Magnitude
Contestation
(Civil) Society
Political Identity
32. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Judicial Review - Number of chambers: bicameral - Federalism: Federal
Ideology
Consensual
Transition
Political Identity
33. Comparative Politics - International Relations - American Politics - (normative) theory or Political Philosophy
Liberalism
Comparative Government
Socialism
Subfields of Political Science
34. Basically - synonymous for statistical method - Large numbers of observational data - 'Control' for confounding factors
Observational/Evidential
Method of Inference
Quantitative
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
35. equality in political decision making: one vote per person - with all votes counted equally
political equality
Political Factors of Strong States
Bureaucracy
Democracy
36. The making of collectively binding decisions
Civic Engagement
Significance of Collective action problem
Politics
Totalitarianism
37. Warfare and military technology - Economic: development of trade and manufacturing and new financial/fiscal instruments - Cultural: Enlightenment - (There are also Environmental/geographic factors)
Political Factors of Strong States
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
Subfields of Political Science
Politics
38. State of nature (collective action problem) - Hobbes' solution: the social contract
Democracy
Why States/Governments
Gender as a Category
Constitution
39. Hard to amass resources (money and information) - Short-lived - The dilemma of formalization
Sovereignty
State Strength
Disadvantages of Social Movements
classic Liberalism
40. A basic plan that outlines the structure and functions of the national government. Clearly rooted in Western political thought - it sets limits on government and protects both property and individual rights.
Why States/Governments
Gender as a Process
classic Liberalism
Constitution
41. America's two ideologies (Liberal and Conservative) are two versions of classic liberalism
Authority
Why States/Governments
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
classic Liberalism
42. how many seats are allotted to each electoral district
Communism
Significance of Collective action problem
District Magnitude
Subfields of Political Science
43. Hypotheses based on what has been observed.
Threshold
Ideology
State Strength
Observational Laws
44. A civil war (...) in which one party is the state - the insurgents win - the insurgents have a lot of popular support - and the insurgents implement 'wholesale political change'
Culture
Science
Revolution
Gender as a Category
45. The identities that can become political are those formed very early in life or perhaps vaguely racial/genetic. Struggles to explain (rapid) cultural change - or which identities become politicized
Primordialism
Social Movements: Causes
Revolution
Transition
46. Analyzing the data that has been collected and offering plausible general principles that can be drawn from what has been observed.
District Magnitude
Observational/Evidential
Theories
Party System
47. Historical origins. Failure of liberalism to address shortcomings of capitalist industrialization; Marx - Central assumption: All persons are of equal value - but they cannot develop themselves alone
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Regime type
Method of Inference
Socialism
48. Also known as interpersonal trust & tolerance
Authoritarianism
Party System
Utilitarian Justification
Solidarity
49. Think of this as gender as outcome; what factors - esp. political ones - lead to changes in gender roles? Key finding: politics does matter - especially who has an organized voice. Formal rules - number/identity of parties - etc.
Gender as a Process
Contestation
Science
Observational/Evidential
50. Situation where all fully qualified citizens have an equal say
Utilitarian Justification
Observational/Evidential
Participation
Primordialism