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CLEP Political Science

Subjects : clep, political-science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Situation where all fully qualified citizens have an equal say






2. Identities are malleable - and anything can become politicized. Struggles to explain fundamental patterns in political identity or their grasp on our souls. Can't really explain which identities become politicized either






3. Also known as interpersonal trust & tolerance






4. The set of relationships among parties in a country - Often categorized by the effective number of parties.






5. Use of method of inference to create generalizeable explanations






6. The mathematical formula used to allocate the seats according to the vote - Plurality or 'first-past-the-post' - various PR formulas - such as D'Hondt - largest remainders - St. Lague - etc.






7. 19th - in the United States and Western Europe.






8. Shorter-lived - Slightly less repressive - Ideology not so clear - In favor of capitalism - though with state involvement - Based more on Social Darwinism/racism/nationlsm - Conservatism run amok?






9. Utility maximization - Preferences: Comparability/Completeness - Transitivity - Probability - Incomplete information and uncertainty about future - Mathematical modeling






10. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Parliamentary supremacy - Number of chambers: Unicameral/weak bicameral - Federalism: Unitary






11. Public vs. private goods - Non-exclusivity. The owner can't deny access - Inexhaustability. The good is never used up - Jointness of supply. Its existence depends on our combined contribution; truly 'collective' - Free riding. We generally fail to co






12. Concentration vs. dispersal of power

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13. monopoly over the legitimate use of force






14. A consideration of how nations interact with each other within the frameworks of law - diplomacy - and international organizations such as the United Nations.






15. A subset of culture - based on our ability to attach labels to ourselves and others - or to define ourselves in terms of the groups we belong to - Some political examples: Partisan identity - Class identity - Ethnic identity - National identity






16. The opportunity to choose among alternative candidates and positions






17. Tactics An organization that seeks to influence government through 'contentious' or 'disruptive' politics - Currency/instrument: show of force - numbers - brinkmanship - Organization A (non-hierarchical) network of organizations and individuals worki






18. A systematic study of the structures of two or more political systems (such as those of Britain and the People's Republic of China) to achieve an understanding of how different societies manage the realities of governing. Also considered are politica






19. A political organization that primarily uses lobbying - Currency/instrument: money - information - numbers






20. Charismatic - Rational-legal - Traditional/patrimonial






21. Utility: self-interest - but what constitutes self-interest? Material self-interest? Economics - Politics. Example: vote maximization - The gospel Failures of rationality - Really incomplete information & satisfaction - Intransitivity and other cogni






22. Describes the principal characteristics of what has been studied.






23. Historical origins. Failure of liberalism to address shortcomings of capitalist industrialization; Marx - Central assumption: All persons are of equal value - but they cannot develop themselves alone






24. it works better in the long run - less risk/variability






25. A civil war (...) in which one party is the state - the insurgents win - the insurgents have a lot of popular support - and the insurgents implement 'wholesale political change'






26. Energy or righteous zeal wins large numbers of participants - Nimble in framing issues and changing tactics






27. Public administration (civil service). All (non-military) government workers not elected to their posts - but hired (United States beginning in 1880s)






28. Comparative Politics - International Relations - American Politics - (normative) theory or Political Philosophy






29. Regime where the rulers are accountable to the ruled.






30. An organization that seeks elective office - Currency/instrument: votes






31. equality in political decision making: one vote per person - with all votes counted equally






32. Shared sets of meanings






33. Think of this as gender as outcome; what factors - esp. political ones - lead to changes in gender roles? Key finding: politics does matter - especially who has an organized voice. Formal rules - number/identity of parties - etc.






34. Analyzing the data that has been collected and offering plausible general principles that can be drawn from what has been observed.






35. State of nature (collective action problem) - Hobbes' solution: the social contract






36. Ideology An ideology that seeks the active reshaping of minds of individuals and believes this can/must be done by force - Coercive mobilization - No social or political pluralism






37. No or low citizen accountability ('subjects' rather than 'citizens') - Reciprocal relationship between leader and selectorate - Totalitarianism vs. authoritarianism






38. Process tracing through case studies. Requires a well-developed theory and minute examination ('process tracing')






39. Compiling a body of data based on direct observation that can be utilized both to explain what has been observed and to form valid generalizations.






40. All voluntary associations/all secondary associations






41. The organized study of government and politics. It borrows from the related disciplines of history - philosophy - sociology - economics - and law.






42. Basically - density and quality of civil society






43. In social movements - rational choice and culture come together - Culture: the sense of a righteous - popular will that has been subverted ('framing'/'grievance') - Motivates collective action - But also determines the choice of organization and tact






44. About agency: we deserve freedom and need to be held meaningfully accountable






45. America's two ideologies (Liberal and Conservative) are two versions of classic liberalism






46. Individual rationality does not always lead to collective rationality - Walking on the grass - Policy implementation is problematic - Voting; protests; interest groups; etc. are underprovided (Olson's point)






47. A basic plan that outlines the structure and functions of the national government. Clearly rooted in Western political thought - it sets limits on government and protects both property and individual rights.






48. The making of collectively binding decisions






49. An identity-based community - where the identity is strong enough that we think we should probably be sovereign...






50. Efficiency vs. representativeness

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