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CLEP Political Science

Subjects : clep, political-science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Shorter-lived - Slightly less repressive - Ideology not so clear - In favor of capitalism - though with state involvement - Based more on Social Darwinism/racism/nationlsm - Conservatism run amok?






2. Political violence by non-state actors against civilian targets






3. 19th - in the United States and Western Europe.






4. Hard to amass resources (money and information) - Short-lived - The dilemma of formalization






5. Use of method of inference to create generalizeable explanations






6. The use of force by states or non-state actors to achieve political goals






7. The identities that can become political are those formed very early in life or perhaps vaguely racial/genetic. Struggles to explain (rapid) cultural change - or which identities become politicized






8. About agency: we deserve freedom and need to be held meaningfully accountable






9. Efficiency vs. representativeness

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10. Describes the principal characteristics of what has been studied.






11. The set of relationships among parties in a country - Often categorized by the effective number of parties.






12. The rules about making the rules - often embodied in a constitution.






13. Situation of stability - no party has incentive and ability to undermine the regime (Causes: cultural or economice - or military culture) - (Int'l Factors: U.S. foreign policy - Soviet foreign policy - Changes to Catholic doctrine - EU accession - G






14. You see a puzzle - You come up with a potential explanation (a 'theory') - You test it with evidence (data drawn from the 5 senses) - You share the results with others and get their feedback - Repeat steps 2 through 4 until you publish






15. Territorial monopoly over the legitimate use of force. Refers to the government + the people + the territory ('the country')






16. Shared sets of meanings






17. Monarchies - Single-party regimes - Military regimes - Oligarchies - Theocracies - Personalistic regimes






18. Historical origins. A reaction to liberalism - Central assumption: 'The highest good of society [is] the maintenance of ordered community and of common values' (p. 28) One of the 3 big idealogies






19. An organization that seeks elective office - Currency/instrument: votes






20. A political organization that primarily uses lobbying - Currency/instrument: money - information - numbers






21. A formal document that sets up the basic rules of the political game






22. Utility maximization - Preferences: Comparability/Completeness - Transitivity - Probability - Incomplete information and uncertainty about future - Mathematical modeling






23. Basically - synonymous for statistical method - Large numbers of observational data - 'Control' for confounding factors






24. Identities are malleable - and anything can become politicized. Struggles to explain fundamental patterns in political identity or their grasp on our souls. Can't really explain which identities become politicized either






25. Traditionally measured as capacity and autonomy






26. Think of this as 'gender as cause'. Gender roles change and/or mix of women in politics changes; what is the consequence? Key finding: having more women in public office changes the policy agenda - i.e. - more focus on women's issues






27. A government with a one house legislature.






28. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Parliamentary supremacy - Number of chambers: Unicameral/weak bicameral - Federalism: Unitary






29. State of nature (collective action problem) - Hobbes' solution: the social contract






30. equality in political decision making: one vote per person - with all votes counted equally






31. The making of collectively binding decisions






32. Hypotheses based on what has been observed.






33. Regime where the rulers are accountable to the ruled.






34. All voluntary associations/all secondary associations






35. Compiling a body of data based on direct observation that can be utilized both to explain what has been observed and to form valid generalizations.






36. Force + Legitimacy






37. The mathematical formula used to allocate the seats according to the vote - Plurality or 'first-past-the-post' - various PR formulas - such as D'Hondt - largest remainders - St. Lague - etc.






38. A subset of culture - based on our ability to attach labels to ourselves and others - or to define ourselves in terms of the groups we belong to - Some political examples: Partisan identity - Class identity - Ethnic identity - National identity






39. Long-lived - Extreme lack of social pluralism - Well-defined ideology - Against capitalism - Based on Marxist arguments about class solidarity - economic determinism - Socialism run amok?






40. Situation where all fully qualified citizens have an equal say






41. A consciously derived - coherent set of beliefs that offers a comprehensive political program






42. Utility: self-interest - but what constitutes self-interest? Material self-interest? Economics - Politics. Example: vote maximization - The gospel Failures of rationality - Really incomplete information & satisfaction - Intransitivity and other cogni






43. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Judicial Review - Number of chambers: bicameral - Federalism: Federal






44. Historical origins. A response to the old feudal order and the rise of modern capitalism - 'The highest good of society [is] the ability of the members of that society to develop their individual capacities to the fullest extent' (p. 26) One of the 3






45. The opportunity to choose among alternative candidates and positions






46. Comparative Politics - International Relations - American Politics - (normative) theory or Political Philosophy






47. A political system controlled by rulers who deny popular participation in government






48. (Voluntary) allocation (production and distribution) of goods and services






49. Ideology An ideology that seeks the active reshaping of minds of individuals and believes this can/must be done by force - Coercive mobilization - No social or political pluralism






50. Analyzing the data that has been collected and offering plausible general principles that can be drawn from what has been observed.







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