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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Political Science
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Subjects
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clep
,
political-science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The making of collectively binding decisions
Transition
International Relations
Politics
Comparative Government
2. (Voluntary) allocation (production and distribution) of goods and services
Constitution
Liberalism
Non-democratic regimes
Economics
3. The rules about making the rules - often embodied in a constitution.
Regime type
Fascism
Authority
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
4. A formal document that sets up the basic rules of the political game
Constitution
Political Science
(Civil) Society
Method of Inference
5. State of nature (collective action problem) - Hobbes' solution: the social contract
Revolution
Why States/Governments
Primordialism
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
6. Political violence by non-state actors against civilian targets
Democracy
Terrorism
Economics
Method of Inference
7. Basically - synonymous for statistical method - Large numbers of observational data - 'Control' for confounding factors
Constructivism
Madison's dilemma
classic Liberalism
Quantitative
8. equality in political decision making: one vote per person - with all votes counted equally
Democracy
political equality
Consensual
Qualitative method
9. A historical exploration of the major contributions to political thought from the ancient Greeks to the contemporary theorists. It also involves the philosophical and speculative consideration of the political world.
District Magnitude
Subfields of Political Science
Social Movements: Causes
Political Theory
10. Force + Legitimacy
Nation
Classic Liberal Argument
Theories
Authority
11. Identities are malleable - and anything can become politicized. Struggles to explain fundamental patterns in political identity or their grasp on our souls. Can't really explain which identities become politicized either
Transition
Madison's dilemma
Utilitarian Justification
Constructivism
12. Historical origins. Failure of liberalism to address shortcomings of capitalist industrialization; Marx - Central assumption: All persons are of equal value - but they cannot develop themselves alone
Socialism
Primordialism
Patronage
Ideology
13. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Judicial Review - Number of chambers: bicameral - Federalism: Federal
Political Identity
Revolution
Consensual
Constitution
14. America's two ideologies (Liberal and Conservative) are two versions of classic liberalism
classic Liberalism
Political Violence
Transition
Political Science
15. Analyzing the data that has been collected and offering plausible general principles that can be drawn from what has been observed.
Consensual
State
Consolidation
Theories
16. Historical origins. A reaction to liberalism - Central assumption: 'The highest good of society [is] the maintenance of ordered community and of common values' (p. 28) One of the 3 big idealogies
Conservatism
Political Party
Consolidation
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
17. Public administration (civil service). All (non-military) government workers not elected to their posts - but hired (United States beginning in 1880s)
Bureaucracy
Collective action problem: Solutions
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
Patronage
18. Efficiency vs. representativeness
19. A basic plan that outlines the structure and functions of the national government. Clearly rooted in Western political thought - it sets limits on government and protects both property and individual rights.
Authoritarianism
Political Party
Constitution
Civic Engagement
20. Hypotheses based on what has been observed.
Observational/Evidential
Observational Laws
Ideology
Significance of Collective action problem
21. how many seats are allotted to each electoral district
Participation
Collective action problem: Solutions
District Magnitude
Transition
22. 19th - in the United States and Western Europe.
Quantitative
Three types of Political Organization
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
23. Tactics An organization that seeks to influence government through 'contentious' or 'disruptive' politics - Currency/instrument: show of force - numbers - brinkmanship - Organization A (non-hierarchical) network of organizations and individuals worki
State
Constructivism
Economics
Social Movements
24. Think of this as gender as outcome; what factors - esp. political ones - lead to changes in gender roles? Key finding: politics does matter - especially who has an organized voice. Formal rules - number/identity of parties - etc.
Gender as a Process
Contestation
Science
Classic Liberal Argument
25. A non-meritocratic system in which jobs and contracts are distributed according to partisan support - (The U.S. 'spoils system' of the 19th century')
Identity
Patronage
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Communism
26. Public vs. private goods - Non-exclusivity. The owner can't deny access - Inexhaustability. The good is never used up - Jointness of supply. Its existence depends on our combined contribution; truly 'collective' - Free riding. We generally fail to co
Collective action problem: causes
Criticisms of Rational Choice
Advantages of Social Movements
Political Factors of Strong States
27. A political system controlled by rulers who deny popular participation in government
Authoritarianism
Theories
Constructivism
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
28. A consciously derived - coherent set of beliefs that offers a comprehensive political program
Ideology
Sovereignty
Non-democratic regimes
Identity
29. Use of method of inference to create generalizeable explanations
Theories
Revolution
Science
Method of Inference
30. Describes the principal characteristics of what has been studied.
Qualitative method
Science
Observational/Evidential
Revolution
31. Utility: self-interest - but what constitutes self-interest? Material self-interest? Economics - Politics. Example: vote maximization - The gospel Failures of rationality - Really incomplete information & satisfaction - Intransitivity and other cogni
Three types of Political Organization
Identity
Criticisms of Rational Choice
Terrorism
32. Think of this as 'gender as cause'. Gender roles change and/or mix of women in politics changes; what is the consequence? Key finding: having more women in public office changes the policy agenda - i.e. - more focus on women's issues
Patronage
Gender as a Category
Authoritarianism
Science
33. About agency: we deserve freedom and need to be held meaningfully accountable
Empirical Knowledge
Classic Liberal Argument
Comparative Government
Authority
34. All voluntary associations/all secondary associations
(Civil) Society
Science
Authority
Consolidation
35. The identities that can become political are those formed very early in life or perhaps vaguely racial/genetic. Struggles to explain (rapid) cultural change - or which identities become politicized
Totalitarianism
Primordialism
Transition
Economics
36. A civil war (...) in which one party is the state - the insurgents win - the insurgents have a lot of popular support - and the insurgents implement 'wholesale political change'
political equality
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
Revolution
37. it works better in the long run - less risk/variability
Sovereignty
Observational Laws
Theories
Utilitarian Justification
38. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Parliamentary supremacy - Number of chambers: Unicameral/weak bicameral - Federalism: Unitary
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
Majoritarian
Solidarity
39. Charismatic - Rational-legal - Traditional/patrimonial
Advantages of Social Movements
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Collective action problem: Solutions
Culture
40. Utility maximization - Preferences: Comparability/Completeness - Transitivity - Probability - Incomplete information and uncertainty about future - Mathematical modeling
Madison's dilemma
Social Movements
Economics
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
41. Basically - density and quality of civil society
Political Theory
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
Culture
Civic Engagement
42. You see a puzzle - You come up with a potential explanation (a 'theory') - You test it with evidence (data drawn from the 5 senses) - You share the results with others and get their feedback - Repeat steps 2 through 4 until you publish
Civic Engagement
Authority
Empirical Knowledge
Method of Inference
43. The organized study of government and politics. It borrows from the related disciplines of history - philosophy - sociology - economics - and law.
Political Violence
Political Science
Culture
Threshold
44. A subset of culture - based on our ability to attach labels to ourselves and others - or to define ourselves in terms of the groups we belong to - Some political examples: Partisan identity - Class identity - Ethnic identity - National identity
Interest Groups
Political Violence
Identity
Regime type
45. Process tracing through case studies. Requires a well-developed theory and minute examination ('process tracing')
Consensual
Method of Inference
Patronage
Qualitative method
46. Selective incentives - Small group size - Social (solidary) incentives - Homogeneity - Others? Duty and altruism? Love?
classic Liberalism
Unicameral Legislature
Collective action problem: Solutions
Criticisms of Rational Choice
47. Shorter-lived - Slightly less repressive - Ideology not so clear - In favor of capitalism - though with state involvement - Based more on Social Darwinism/racism/nationlsm - Conservatism run amok?
Collective action problem: Solutions
Quantitative
Fascism
Ideology
48. A government with a one house legislature.
Unicameral Legislature
Interest Groups
(Civil) Society
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
49. Energy or righteous zeal wins large numbers of participants - Nimble in framing issues and changing tactics
Solidarity
Advantages of Social Movements
Empirical Knowledge
Terrorism
50. monopoly over the legitimate use of force
Patronage
Majoritarian
Political Theory
Sovereignty