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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Political Science
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Study First
Subjects
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clep
,
political-science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. You see a puzzle - You come up with a potential explanation (a 'theory') - You test it with evidence (data drawn from the 5 senses) - You share the results with others and get their feedback - Repeat steps 2 through 4 until you publish
Threshold
Terrorism
Bureaucracy
Method of Inference
2. Long-lived - Extreme lack of social pluralism - Well-defined ideology - Against capitalism - Based on Marxist arguments about class solidarity - economic determinism - Socialism run amok?
Authoritarianism
Totalitarianism
Communism
Comparative Government
3. Historical origins. A response to the old feudal order and the rise of modern capitalism - 'The highest good of society [is] the ability of the members of that society to develop their individual capacities to the fullest extent' (p. 26) One of the 3
Conservatism
Liberalism
Solidarity
Disadvantages of Social Movements
4. Public vs. private goods - Non-exclusivity. The owner can't deny access - Inexhaustability. The good is never used up - Jointness of supply. Its existence depends on our combined contribution; truly 'collective' - Free riding. We generally fail to co
Collective action problem: causes
Transition
Participation
International Relations
5. Utility: self-interest - but what constitutes self-interest? Material self-interest? Economics - Politics. Example: vote maximization - The gospel Failures of rationality - Really incomplete information & satisfaction - Intransitivity and other cogni
Nation
Collective action problem: causes
Totalitarianism
Criticisms of Rational Choice
6. Utility maximization - Preferences: Comparability/Completeness - Transitivity - Probability - Incomplete information and uncertainty about future - Mathematical modeling
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
Constitution
Significance of Collective action problem
Utilitarian Justification
7. Warfare and military technology - Economic: development of trade and manufacturing and new financial/fiscal instruments - Cultural: Enlightenment - (There are also Environmental/geographic factors)
Quantitative
Authoritarianism
Political Factors of Strong States
Party System
8. Selective incentives - Small group size - Social (solidary) incentives - Homogeneity - Others? Duty and altruism? Love?
Classic Liberal Argument
Collective action problem: Solutions
Madison's dilemma
Authoritarianism
9. A historical exploration of the major contributions to political thought from the ancient Greeks to the contemporary theorists. It also involves the philosophical and speculative consideration of the political world.
Patronage
Regime type
Political Theory
Non-democratic regimes
10. An identity-based community - where the identity is strong enough that we think we should probably be sovereign...
Constitution
Nation
Democracy
Gender as a Category
11. The use of force by states or non-state actors to achieve political goals
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Political Violence
Fascism
Advantages of Social Movements
12. Situation of stability - no party has incentive and ability to undermine the regime (Causes: cultural or economice - or military culture) - (Int'l Factors: U.S. foreign policy - Soviet foreign policy - Changes to Catholic doctrine - EU accession - G
Collective action problem: causes
Nation
Consolidation
Subfields of Political Science
13. Tactics An organization that seeks to influence government through 'contentious' or 'disruptive' politics - Currency/instrument: show of force - numbers - brinkmanship - Organization A (non-hierarchical) network of organizations and individuals worki
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Bureaucracy
Identity
Social Movements
14. Basically - density and quality of civil society
Liberalism
Gender as a Category
International Relations
Civic Engagement
15. Use of method of inference to create generalizeable explanations
Political Identity
Fascism
classic Liberalism
Science
16. All voluntary associations/all secondary associations
Collective action problem: causes
Ideology
(Civil) Society
Conservatism
17. Energy or righteous zeal wins large numbers of participants - Nimble in framing issues and changing tactics
Empirical Knowledge
Social Movements
Advantages of Social Movements
Political Identity
18. America's two ideologies (Liberal and Conservative) are two versions of classic liberalism
classic Liberalism
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
Gender as a Process
Interest Groups
19. A political system controlled by rulers who deny popular participation in government
Nation
Authoritarianism
Civic Engagement
Observational/Evidential
20. The mathematical formula used to allocate the seats according to the vote - Plurality or 'first-past-the-post' - various PR formulas - such as D'Hondt - largest remainders - St. Lague - etc.
Ideology
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
State
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
21. Identities are malleable - and anything can become politicized. Struggles to explain fundamental patterns in political identity or their grasp on our souls. Can't really explain which identities become politicized either
Terrorism
Party System
Constructivism
Criticisms of Rational Choice
22. The organized study of government and politics. It borrows from the related disciplines of history - philosophy - sociology - economics - and law.
Terrorism
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
Political Science
Identity
23. Analyzing the data that has been collected and offering plausible general principles that can be drawn from what has been observed.
Conservatism
Interest Groups
Theories
Constitution
24. Territorial monopoly over the legitimate use of force. Refers to the government + the people + the territory ('the country')
Transition
Observational Laws
State
Authority
25. A consideration of how nations interact with each other within the frameworks of law - diplomacy - and international organizations such as the United Nations.
Authority
International Relations
Social Movements
Politics
26. The opportunity to choose among alternative candidates and positions
Civic Engagement
Political Identity
Contestation
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
27. A basic plan that outlines the structure and functions of the national government. Clearly rooted in Western political thought - it sets limits on government and protects both property and individual rights.
Quantitative
Regime type
Madison's dilemma
Constitution
28. Process tracing through case studies. Requires a well-developed theory and minute examination ('process tracing')
Terrorism
District Magnitude
Interest Groups
Qualitative method
29. Hypotheses based on what has been observed.
Culture
International Relations
Classic Liberal Argument
Observational Laws
30. Compiling a body of data based on direct observation that can be utilized both to explain what has been observed and to form valid generalizations.
Regime type
Empirical Knowledge
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Threshold
31. The rules about making the rules - often embodied in a constitution.
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
Bureaucracy
Political Party
Regime type
32. State of nature (collective action problem) - Hobbes' solution: the social contract
Why States/Governments
Identity
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Terrorism
33. Force + Legitimacy
Constitution
Subfields of Political Science
Authoritarianism
Authority
34. Political violence by non-state actors against civilian targets
Advantages of Social Movements
Terrorism
Party System
Democracy
35. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Judicial Review - Number of chambers: bicameral - Federalism: Federal
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
Political Violence
Gender as a Process
Consensual
36. Individual rationality does not always lead to collective rationality - Walking on the grass - Policy implementation is problematic - Voting; protests; interest groups; etc. are underprovided (Olson's point)
Unicameral Legislature
Significance of Collective action problem
Civic Engagement
Revolution
37. how many seats are allotted to each electoral district
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
Constructivism
District Magnitude
Totalitarianism
38. A formal document that sets up the basic rules of the political game
Liberalism
Constitution
Primordialism
Political Theory
39. monopoly over the legitimate use of force
Sovereignty
Gender as a Category
Political Science
Utilitarian Justification
40. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Parliamentary supremacy - Number of chambers: Unicameral/weak bicameral - Federalism: Unitary
Majoritarian
Three types of Political Organization
Democracy
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
41. Think of this as 'gender as cause'. Gender roles change and/or mix of women in politics changes; what is the consequence? Key finding: having more women in public office changes the policy agenda - i.e. - more focus on women's issues
Gender as a Category
Constitution
Civic Engagement
Non-democratic regimes
42. Public administration (civil service). All (non-military) government workers not elected to their posts - but hired (United States beginning in 1880s)
Bureaucracy
Political Identity
Constructivism
Significance of Collective action problem
43. Also known as interpersonal trust & tolerance
Fascism
Ideology
Regime type
Solidarity
44. A non-meritocratic system in which jobs and contracts are distributed according to partisan support - (The U.S. 'spoils system' of the 19th century')
Patronage
Contestation
Consolidation
Political Factors of Strong States
45. A subset of culture - based on our ability to attach labels to ourselves and others - or to define ourselves in terms of the groups we belong to - Some political examples: Partisan identity - Class identity - Ethnic identity - National identity
Conservatism
Observational/Evidential
Identity
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
46. Describes the principal characteristics of what has been studied.
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Observational/Evidential
Gender as a Category
Party System
47. Think of this as gender as outcome; what factors - esp. political ones - lead to changes in gender roles? Key finding: politics does matter - especially who has an organized voice. Formal rules - number/identity of parties - etc.
Method of Inference
Gender as a Process
Regime type
Political Theory
48. Shorter-lived - Slightly less repressive - Ideology not so clear - In favor of capitalism - though with state involvement - Based more on Social Darwinism/racism/nationlsm - Conservatism run amok?
Fascism
Political Violence
Madison's dilemma
Transition
49. 19th - in the United States and Western Europe.
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
classic Liberalism
Nation
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
50. Shared sets of meanings
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Bureaucracy
Culture
Social Movements: Causes