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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Political Science
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Subjects
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clep
,
political-science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The set of relationships among parties in a country - Often categorized by the effective number of parties.
Science
Social Movements
Party System
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
2. Also known as interpersonal trust & tolerance
Subfields of Political Science
Three types of Political Organization
Solidarity
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
3. Political parties - Interest groups - Social movements
Social Movements
Revolution
Three types of Political Organization
Interest Groups
4. Process tracing through case studies. Requires a well-developed theory and minute examination ('process tracing')
District Magnitude
Qualitative method
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
Political Factors of Strong States
5. Hypotheses based on what has been observed.
Social Movements: Causes
Observational Laws
Consolidation
Political Theory
6. All voluntary associations/all secondary associations
(Civil) Society
Participation
Political Identity
Primordialism
7. Basically - density and quality of civil society
International Relations
Civic Engagement
Science
Comparative Government
8. Warfare and military technology - Economic: development of trade and manufacturing and new financial/fiscal instruments - Cultural: Enlightenment - (There are also Environmental/geographic factors)
Political Factors of Strong States
(Civil) Society
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
Qualitative method
9. Utility maximization - Preferences: Comparability/Completeness - Transitivity - Probability - Incomplete information and uncertainty about future - Mathematical modeling
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
Contestation
Criticisms of Rational Choice
Observational Laws
10. Traditionally measured as capacity and autonomy
State Strength
Participation
Method of Inference
Consolidation
11. A political system controlled by rulers who deny popular participation in government
Advantages of Social Movements
Authoritarianism
Contestation
Three types of Political Organization
12. how many seats are allotted to each electoral district
District Magnitude
political equality
Patronage
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
13. Regime where the rulers are accountable to the ruled.
Democracy
Contestation
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
Gender as a Process
14. Tactics An organization that seeks to influence government through 'contentious' or 'disruptive' politics - Currency/instrument: show of force - numbers - brinkmanship - Organization A (non-hierarchical) network of organizations and individuals worki
Politics
Contestation
Political Party
Social Movements
15. A historical exploration of the major contributions to political thought from the ancient Greeks to the contemporary theorists. It also involves the philosophical and speculative consideration of the political world.
Political Theory
Three types of Political Organization
Disadvantages of Social Movements
State
16. Concentration vs. dispersal of power
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17. Charismatic - Rational-legal - Traditional/patrimonial
Significance of Collective action problem
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Political Identity
Terrorism
18. A systematic study of the structures of two or more political systems (such as those of Britain and the People's Republic of China) to achieve an understanding of how different societies manage the realities of governing. Also considered are politica
Comparative Government
Civic Engagement
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
Bureaucracy
19. Selective incentives - Small group size - Social (solidary) incentives - Homogeneity - Others? Duty and altruism? Love?
Constitution
Collective action problem: Solutions
Why States/Governments
Patronage
20. A subset of culture - based on our ability to attach labels to ourselves and others - or to define ourselves in terms of the groups we belong to - Some political examples: Partisan identity - Class identity - Ethnic identity - National identity
Nation
Patronage
Collective action problem: Solutions
Identity
21. Energy or righteous zeal wins large numbers of participants - Nimble in framing issues and changing tactics
Bureaucracy
Conservatism
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
Advantages of Social Movements
22. Public vs. private goods - Non-exclusivity. The owner can't deny access - Inexhaustability. The good is never used up - Jointness of supply. Its existence depends on our combined contribution; truly 'collective' - Free riding. We generally fail to co
Civic Engagement
Collective action problem: causes
Nation
Participation
23. You see a puzzle - You come up with a potential explanation (a 'theory') - You test it with evidence (data drawn from the 5 senses) - You share the results with others and get their feedback - Repeat steps 2 through 4 until you publish
Political Theory
Method of Inference
Authority
Participation
24. Any identity that significantly shapes our political decisions
political equality
Transition
Social Movements: Causes
Political Identity
25. Historical origins. A response to the old feudal order and the rise of modern capitalism - 'The highest good of society [is] the ability of the members of that society to develop their individual capacities to the fullest extent' (p. 26) One of the 3
Liberalism
Conservatism
Transition
Political Science
26. The rules about making the rules - often embodied in a constitution.
Regime type
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
District Magnitude
27. State of nature (collective action problem) - Hobbes' solution: the social contract
Why States/Governments
Democracy
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Social Movements
28. A political organization that primarily uses lobbying - Currency/instrument: money - information - numbers
Civic Engagement
Democracy
Three types of Political Organization
Interest Groups
29. A non-meritocratic system in which jobs and contracts are distributed according to partisan support - (The U.S. 'spoils system' of the 19th century')
Patronage
Political Identity
Transition
Liberalism
30. Utility: self-interest - but what constitutes self-interest? Material self-interest? Economics - Politics. Example: vote maximization - The gospel Failures of rationality - Really incomplete information & satisfaction - Intransitivity and other cogni
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
Criticisms of Rational Choice
Primordialism
Authority
31. Individual rationality does not always lead to collective rationality - Walking on the grass - Policy implementation is problematic - Voting; protests; interest groups; etc. are underprovided (Olson's point)
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Significance of Collective action problem
Science
Communism
32. A basic plan that outlines the structure and functions of the national government. Clearly rooted in Western political thought - it sets limits on government and protects both property and individual rights.
Bureaucracy
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
Constitution
Nation
33. monopoly over the legitimate use of force
Threshold
Advantages of Social Movements
political equality
Sovereignty
34. Compiling a body of data based on direct observation that can be utilized both to explain what has been observed and to form valid generalizations.
Empirical Knowledge
Conservatism
Culture
Constitution
35. Political violence by non-state actors against civilian targets
political equality
Terrorism
Collective action problem: causes
Why States/Governments
36. Comparative Politics - International Relations - American Politics - (normative) theory or Political Philosophy
Subfields of Political Science
Political Theory
Social Movements: Causes
Conservatism
37. A consideration of how nations interact with each other within the frameworks of law - diplomacy - and international organizations such as the United Nations.
District Magnitude
classic Liberalism
International Relations
Comparative Government
38. Historical origins. Failure of liberalism to address shortcomings of capitalist industrialization; Marx - Central assumption: All persons are of equal value - but they cannot develop themselves alone
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Socialism
Three types of Political Organization
Economics
39. America's two ideologies (Liberal and Conservative) are two versions of classic liberalism
classic Liberalism
Democracy
Why States/Governments
Comparative Government
40. Use of method of inference to create generalizeable explanations
Constitution
International Relations
Science
Terrorism
41. The making of collectively binding decisions
Politics
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Subfields of Political Science
42. An organization that seeks elective office - Currency/instrument: votes
Political Party
Constructivism
Ideology
Political Theory
43. Identities are malleable - and anything can become politicized. Struggles to explain fundamental patterns in political identity or their grasp on our souls. Can't really explain which identities become politicized either
Nation
Party System
Constructivism
Political Violence
44. Situation of stability - no party has incentive and ability to undermine the regime (Causes: cultural or economice - or military culture) - (Int'l Factors: U.S. foreign policy - Soviet foreign policy - Changes to Catholic doctrine - EU accession - G
Patronage
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
Authority
Consolidation
45. Shared sets of meanings
Gender as a Process
Constitution
Culture
Subfields of Political Science
46. Monarchies - Single-party regimes - Military regimes - Oligarchies - Theocracies - Personalistic regimes
Identity
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Unicameral Legislature
Subfields of Political Science
47. (Voluntary) allocation (production and distribution) of goods and services
Culture
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Economics
Collective action problem: causes
48. Long-lived - Extreme lack of social pluralism - Well-defined ideology - Against capitalism - Based on Marxist arguments about class solidarity - economic determinism - Socialism run amok?
State
Communism
Constructivism
Political Violence
49. Basically - synonymous for statistical method - Large numbers of observational data - 'Control' for confounding factors
International Relations
Quantitative
Social Movements
Interest Groups
50. The identities that can become political are those formed very early in life or perhaps vaguely racial/genetic. Struggles to explain (rapid) cultural change - or which identities become politicized
Patronage
Primordialism
Empirical Knowledge
Interest Groups