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CLEP Political Science

Subjects : clep, political-science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Situation of stability - no party has incentive and ability to undermine the regime (Causes: cultural or economice - or military culture) - (Int'l Factors: U.S. foreign policy - Soviet foreign policy - Changes to Catholic doctrine - EU accession - G






2. A historical exploration of the major contributions to political thought from the ancient Greeks to the contemporary theorists. It also involves the philosophical and speculative consideration of the political world.






3. Hypotheses based on what has been observed.






4. The identities that can become political are those formed very early in life or perhaps vaguely racial/genetic. Struggles to explain (rapid) cultural change - or which identities become politicized






5. how many seats are allotted to each electoral district






6. Shared sets of meanings






7. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Parliamentary supremacy - Number of chambers: Unicameral/weak bicameral - Federalism: Unitary






8. Public vs. private goods - Non-exclusivity. The owner can't deny access - Inexhaustability. The good is never used up - Jointness of supply. Its existence depends on our combined contribution; truly 'collective' - Free riding. We generally fail to co






9. Political violence by non-state actors against civilian targets






10. Comparative Politics - International Relations - American Politics - (normative) theory or Political Philosophy






11. Energy or righteous zeal wins large numbers of participants - Nimble in framing issues and changing tactics






12. No or low citizen accountability ('subjects' rather than 'citizens') - Reciprocal relationship between leader and selectorate - Totalitarianism vs. authoritarianism






13. Analyzing the data that has been collected and offering plausible general principles that can be drawn from what has been observed.






14. Long-lived - Extreme lack of social pluralism - Well-defined ideology - Against capitalism - Based on Marxist arguments about class solidarity - economic determinism - Socialism run amok?






15. it works better in the long run - less risk/variability






16. Historical origins. Failure of liberalism to address shortcomings of capitalist industrialization; Marx - Central assumption: All persons are of equal value - but they cannot develop themselves alone






17. Warfare and military technology - Economic: development of trade and manufacturing and new financial/fiscal instruments - Cultural: Enlightenment - (There are also Environmental/geographic factors)






18. Any identity that significantly shapes our political decisions






19. Ideology An ideology that seeks the active reshaping of minds of individuals and believes this can/must be done by force - Coercive mobilization - No social or political pluralism






20. The mathematical formula used to allocate the seats according to the vote - Plurality or 'first-past-the-post' - various PR formulas - such as D'Hondt - largest remainders - St. Lague - etc.






21. Charismatic - Rational-legal - Traditional/patrimonial






22. Concentration vs. dispersal of power

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23. (Voluntary) allocation (production and distribution) of goods and services






24. A non-meritocratic system in which jobs and contracts are distributed according to partisan support - (The U.S. 'spoils system' of the 19th century')






25. Utility: self-interest - but what constitutes self-interest? Material self-interest? Economics - Politics. Example: vote maximization - The gospel Failures of rationality - Really incomplete information & satisfaction - Intransitivity and other cogni






26. A government with a one house legislature.






27. Basically - density and quality of civil society






28. A subset of culture - based on our ability to attach labels to ourselves and others - or to define ourselves in terms of the groups we belong to - Some political examples: Partisan identity - Class identity - Ethnic identity - National identity






29. The organized study of government and politics. It borrows from the related disciplines of history - philosophy - sociology - economics - and law.






30. Efficiency vs. representativeness

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31. About agency: we deserve freedom and need to be held meaningfully accountable






32. Process tracing through case studies. Requires a well-developed theory and minute examination ('process tracing')






33. A consideration of how nations interact with each other within the frameworks of law - diplomacy - and international organizations such as the United Nations.






34. You see a puzzle - You come up with a potential explanation (a 'theory') - You test it with evidence (data drawn from the 5 senses) - You share the results with others and get their feedback - Repeat steps 2 through 4 until you publish






35. The set of relationships among parties in a country - Often categorized by the effective number of parties.






36. Hard to amass resources (money and information) - Short-lived - The dilemma of formalization






37. Describes the principal characteristics of what has been studied.






38. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Judicial Review - Number of chambers: bicameral - Federalism: Federal






39. Historical origins. A response to the old feudal order and the rise of modern capitalism - 'The highest good of society [is] the ability of the members of that society to develop their individual capacities to the fullest extent' (p. 26) One of the 3






40. Think of this as gender as outcome; what factors - esp. political ones - lead to changes in gender roles? Key finding: politics does matter - especially who has an organized voice. Formal rules - number/identity of parties - etc.






41. 19th - in the United States and Western Europe.






42. A political system controlled by rulers who deny popular participation in government






43. Situation where all fully qualified citizens have an equal say






44. A political organization that primarily uses lobbying - Currency/instrument: money - information - numbers






45. An organization that seeks elective office - Currency/instrument: votes






46. A basic plan that outlines the structure and functions of the national government. Clearly rooted in Western political thought - it sets limits on government and protects both property and individual rights.






47. Think of this as 'gender as cause'. Gender roles change and/or mix of women in politics changes; what is the consequence? Key finding: having more women in public office changes the policy agenda - i.e. - more focus on women's issues






48. Selective incentives - Small group size - Social (solidary) incentives - Homogeneity - Others? Duty and altruism? Love?






49. Basically - synonymous for statistical method - Large numbers of observational data - 'Control' for confounding factors






50. Compiling a body of data based on direct observation that can be utilized both to explain what has been observed and to form valid generalizations.