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CLEP Political Science

Subjects : clep, political-science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Identities are malleable - and anything can become politicized. Struggles to explain fundamental patterns in political identity or their grasp on our souls. Can't really explain which identities become politicized either






2. Force + Legitimacy






3. Hypotheses based on what has been observed.






4. Efficiency vs. representativeness

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5. Charismatic - Rational-legal - Traditional/patrimonial






6. Analyzing the data that has been collected and offering plausible general principles that can be drawn from what has been observed.






7. Regime where the rulers are accountable to the ruled.






8. Traditionally measured as capacity and autonomy






9. Tactics An organization that seeks to influence government through 'contentious' or 'disruptive' politics - Currency/instrument: show of force - numbers - brinkmanship - Organization A (non-hierarchical) network of organizations and individuals worki






10. Historical origins. Failure of liberalism to address shortcomings of capitalist industrialization; Marx - Central assumption: All persons are of equal value - but they cannot develop themselves alone






11. State of nature (collective action problem) - Hobbes' solution: the social contract






12. A consciously derived - coherent set of beliefs that offers a comprehensive political program






13. A formal document that sets up the basic rules of the political game






14. The identities that can become political are those formed very early in life or perhaps vaguely racial/genetic. Struggles to explain (rapid) cultural change - or which identities become politicized






15. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Parliamentary supremacy - Number of chambers: Unicameral/weak bicameral - Federalism: Unitary






16. Political parties - Interest groups - Social movements






17. The making of collectively binding decisions






18. Historical origins. A response to the old feudal order and the rise of modern capitalism - 'The highest good of society [is] the ability of the members of that society to develop their individual capacities to the fullest extent' (p. 26) One of the 3






19. when you must get a minimum percent of votes to have your votes count or (sometimes) to retain your party registration






20. The opportunity to choose among alternative candidates and positions






21. A non-meritocratic system in which jobs and contracts are distributed according to partisan support - (The U.S. 'spoils system' of the 19th century')






22. Warfare and military technology - Economic: development of trade and manufacturing and new financial/fiscal instruments - Cultural: Enlightenment - (There are also Environmental/geographic factors)






23. A subset of culture - based on our ability to attach labels to ourselves and others - or to define ourselves in terms of the groups we belong to - Some political examples: Partisan identity - Class identity - Ethnic identity - National identity






24. Individual rationality does not always lead to collective rationality - Walking on the grass - Policy implementation is problematic - Voting; protests; interest groups; etc. are underprovided (Olson's point)






25. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Judicial Review - Number of chambers: bicameral - Federalism: Federal






26. Describes the principal characteristics of what has been studied.






27. Territorial monopoly over the legitimate use of force. Refers to the government + the people + the territory ('the country')






28. how many seats are allotted to each electoral district






29. A civil war (...) in which one party is the state - the insurgents win - the insurgents have a lot of popular support - and the insurgents implement 'wholesale political change'






30. Political violence by non-state actors against civilian targets






31. Ideology An ideology that seeks the active reshaping of minds of individuals and believes this can/must be done by force - Coercive mobilization - No social or political pluralism






32. monopoly over the legitimate use of force






33. The organized study of government and politics. It borrows from the related disciplines of history - philosophy - sociology - economics - and law.






34. A basic plan that outlines the structure and functions of the national government. Clearly rooted in Western political thought - it sets limits on government and protects both property and individual rights.






35. The set of relationships among parties in a country - Often categorized by the effective number of parties.






36. Also known as interpersonal trust & tolerance






37. The rules about making the rules - often embodied in a constitution.






38. Basically - synonymous for statistical method - Large numbers of observational data - 'Control' for confounding factors






39. The mathematical formula used to allocate the seats according to the vote - Plurality or 'first-past-the-post' - various PR formulas - such as D'Hondt - largest remainders - St. Lague - etc.






40. Think of this as gender as outcome; what factors - esp. political ones - lead to changes in gender roles? Key finding: politics does matter - especially who has an organized voice. Formal rules - number/identity of parties - etc.






41. 19th - in the United States and Western Europe.






42. You see a puzzle - You come up with a potential explanation (a 'theory') - You test it with evidence (data drawn from the 5 senses) - You share the results with others and get their feedback - Repeat steps 2 through 4 until you publish






43. All voluntary associations/all secondary associations






44. Think of this as 'gender as cause'. Gender roles change and/or mix of women in politics changes; what is the consequence? Key finding: having more women in public office changes the policy agenda - i.e. - more focus on women's issues






45. (Voluntary) allocation (production and distribution) of goods and services






46. Basically - density and quality of civil society






47. Energy or righteous zeal wins large numbers of participants - Nimble in framing issues and changing tactics






48. A political organization that primarily uses lobbying - Currency/instrument: money - information - numbers






49. A political system controlled by rulers who deny popular participation in government






50. Monarchies - Single-party regimes - Military regimes - Oligarchies - Theocracies - Personalistic regimes