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CLEP Political Science

Subjects : clep, political-science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An organization that seeks elective office - Currency/instrument: votes






2. State of nature (collective action problem) - Hobbes' solution: the social contract






3. Use of method of inference to create generalizeable explanations






4. Describes the principal characteristics of what has been studied.






5. A government with a one house legislature.






6. Hypotheses based on what has been observed.






7. Public vs. private goods - Non-exclusivity. The owner can't deny access - Inexhaustability. The good is never used up - Jointness of supply. Its existence depends on our combined contribution; truly 'collective' - Free riding. We generally fail to co






8. A civil war (...) in which one party is the state - the insurgents win - the insurgents have a lot of popular support - and the insurgents implement 'wholesale political change'






9. An identity-based community - where the identity is strong enough that we think we should probably be sovereign...






10. Political violence by non-state actors against civilian targets






11. it works better in the long run - less risk/variability






12. Long-lived - Extreme lack of social pluralism - Well-defined ideology - Against capitalism - Based on Marxist arguments about class solidarity - economic determinism - Socialism run amok?






13. Process tracing through case studies. Requires a well-developed theory and minute examination ('process tracing')






14. Traditionally measured as capacity and autonomy






15. Analyzing the data that has been collected and offering plausible general principles that can be drawn from what has been observed.






16. (Voluntary) allocation (production and distribution) of goods and services






17. In social movements - rational choice and culture come together - Culture: the sense of a righteous - popular will that has been subverted ('framing'/'grievance') - Motivates collective action - But also determines the choice of organization and tact






18. Charismatic - Rational-legal - Traditional/patrimonial






19. Identities are malleable - and anything can become politicized. Struggles to explain fundamental patterns in political identity or their grasp on our souls. Can't really explain which identities become politicized either






20. Process or moment of changing from one regime type to another Ex: Arab Springs (Causes: cultural or economice - or military culture) - (int'l factors: U.S. foreign policy - Soviet foreign policy - Changes to Catholic doctrine - EU accession - Globali






21. Think of this as gender as outcome; what factors - esp. political ones - lead to changes in gender roles? Key finding: politics does matter - especially who has an organized voice. Formal rules - number/identity of parties - etc.






22. Concentration vs. dispersal of power

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23. All voluntary associations/all secondary associations






24. Historical origins. Failure of liberalism to address shortcomings of capitalist industrialization; Marx - Central assumption: All persons are of equal value - but they cannot develop themselves alone






25. how many seats are allotted to each electoral district






26. Situation where all fully qualified citizens have an equal say






27. Situation of stability - no party has incentive and ability to undermine the regime (Causes: cultural or economice - or military culture) - (Int'l Factors: U.S. foreign policy - Soviet foreign policy - Changes to Catholic doctrine - EU accession - G






28. Political parties - Interest groups - Social movements






29. when you must get a minimum percent of votes to have your votes count or (sometimes) to retain your party registration






30. Shorter-lived - Slightly less repressive - Ideology not so clear - In favor of capitalism - though with state involvement - Based more on Social Darwinism/racism/nationlsm - Conservatism run amok?






31. The set of relationships among parties in a country - Often categorized by the effective number of parties.






32. Regime where the rulers are accountable to the ruled.






33. A historical exploration of the major contributions to political thought from the ancient Greeks to the contemporary theorists. It also involves the philosophical and speculative consideration of the political world.






34. Any identity that significantly shapes our political decisions






35. America's two ideologies (Liberal and Conservative) are two versions of classic liberalism






36. Basically - density and quality of civil society






37. The use of force by states or non-state actors to achieve political goals






38. Energy or righteous zeal wins large numbers of participants - Nimble in framing issues and changing tactics






39. The mathematical formula used to allocate the seats according to the vote - Plurality or 'first-past-the-post' - various PR formulas - such as D'Hondt - largest remainders - St. Lague - etc.






40. The rules about making the rules - often embodied in a constitution.






41. monopoly over the legitimate use of force






42. The opportunity to choose among alternative candidates and positions






43. The identities that can become political are those formed very early in life or perhaps vaguely racial/genetic. Struggles to explain (rapid) cultural change - or which identities become politicized






44. Monarchies - Single-party regimes - Military regimes - Oligarchies - Theocracies - Personalistic regimes






45. Warfare and military technology - Economic: development of trade and manufacturing and new financial/fiscal instruments - Cultural: Enlightenment - (There are also Environmental/geographic factors)






46. Utility maximization - Preferences: Comparability/Completeness - Transitivity - Probability - Incomplete information and uncertainty about future - Mathematical modeling






47. No or low citizen accountability ('subjects' rather than 'citizens') - Reciprocal relationship between leader and selectorate - Totalitarianism vs. authoritarianism






48. A formal document that sets up the basic rules of the political game






49. Selective incentives - Small group size - Social (solidary) incentives - Homogeneity - Others? Duty and altruism? Love?






50. Territorial monopoly over the legitimate use of force. Refers to the government + the people + the territory ('the country')