SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Political Science
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
political-science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Individual rationality does not always lead to collective rationality - Walking on the grass - Policy implementation is problematic - Voting; protests; interest groups; etc. are underprovided (Olson's point)
Constructivism
Terrorism
Significance of Collective action problem
Civic Engagement
2. The organized study of government and politics. It borrows from the related disciplines of history - philosophy - sociology - economics - and law.
Political Science
(Civil) Society
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
Science
3. A formal document that sets up the basic rules of the political game
Bureaucracy
Transition
Constitution
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
4. when you must get a minimum percent of votes to have your votes count or (sometimes) to retain your party registration
Terrorism
Why States/Governments
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Threshold
5. A subset of culture - based on our ability to attach labels to ourselves and others - or to define ourselves in terms of the groups we belong to - Some political examples: Partisan identity - Class identity - Ethnic identity - National identity
Criticisms of Rational Choice
Regime type
Identity
Advantages of Social Movements
6. Territorial monopoly over the legitimate use of force. Refers to the government + the people + the territory ('the country')
State
Collective action problem: causes
District Magnitude
Quantitative
7. Public administration (civil service). All (non-military) government workers not elected to their posts - but hired (United States beginning in 1880s)
Solidarity
Participation
Bureaucracy
Unicameral Legislature
8. Selective incentives - Small group size - Social (solidary) incentives - Homogeneity - Others? Duty and altruism? Love?
Authority
Collective action problem: Solutions
political equality
Constitution
9. Process or moment of changing from one regime type to another Ex: Arab Springs (Causes: cultural or economice - or military culture) - (int'l factors: U.S. foreign policy - Soviet foreign policy - Changes to Catholic doctrine - EU accession - Globali
Participation
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Transition
Socialism
10. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Parliamentary supremacy - Number of chambers: Unicameral/weak bicameral - Federalism: Unitary
Majoritarian
Subfields of Political Science
Political Theory
Economics
11. Charismatic - Rational-legal - Traditional/patrimonial
Democracy
Collective action problem: causes
classic Liberalism
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
12. A consciously derived - coherent set of beliefs that offers a comprehensive political program
Subfields of Political Science
Ideology
Disadvantages of Social Movements
State
13. Tactics An organization that seeks to influence government through 'contentious' or 'disruptive' politics - Currency/instrument: show of force - numbers - brinkmanship - Organization A (non-hierarchical) network of organizations and individuals worki
Political Science
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
Social Movements
14. Public vs. private goods - Non-exclusivity. The owner can't deny access - Inexhaustability. The good is never used up - Jointness of supply. Its existence depends on our combined contribution; truly 'collective' - Free riding. We generally fail to co
Threshold
Collective action problem: causes
Authoritarianism
Democracy
15. Force + Legitimacy
Authority
Transition
Primordialism
Ideology
16. The rules about making the rules - often embodied in a constitution.
Political Theory
Authority
Conservatism
Regime type
17. Any identity that significantly shapes our political decisions
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
District Magnitude
Political Identity
Majoritarian
18. Hypotheses based on what has been observed.
Observational Laws
State
Qualitative method
Communism
19. Utility: self-interest - but what constitutes self-interest? Material self-interest? Economics - Politics. Example: vote maximization - The gospel Failures of rationality - Really incomplete information & satisfaction - Intransitivity and other cogni
Communism
Criticisms of Rational Choice
Collective action problem: causes
Fascism
20. Warfare and military technology - Economic: development of trade and manufacturing and new financial/fiscal instruments - Cultural: Enlightenment - (There are also Environmental/geographic factors)
Participation
Political Factors of Strong States
Identity
Majoritarian
21. You see a puzzle - You come up with a potential explanation (a 'theory') - You test it with evidence (data drawn from the 5 senses) - You share the results with others and get their feedback - Repeat steps 2 through 4 until you publish
Political Theory
Method of Inference
Qualitative method
Bureaucracy
22. Historical origins. A reaction to liberalism - Central assumption: 'The highest good of society [is] the maintenance of ordered community and of common values' (p. 28) One of the 3 big idealogies
Social Movements
Madison's dilemma
Ideology
Conservatism
23. Shorter-lived - Slightly less repressive - Ideology not so clear - In favor of capitalism - though with state involvement - Based more on Social Darwinism/racism/nationlsm - Conservatism run amok?
Qualitative method
Subfields of Political Science
Fascism
Constructivism
24. The mathematical formula used to allocate the seats according to the vote - Plurality or 'first-past-the-post' - various PR formulas - such as D'Hondt - largest remainders - St. Lague - etc.
Gender as a Category
State Strength
Conservatism
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
25. Think of this as gender as outcome; what factors - esp. political ones - lead to changes in gender roles? Key finding: politics does matter - especially who has an organized voice. Formal rules - number/identity of parties - etc.
classic Liberalism
Empirical Knowledge
Gender as a Process
Fascism
26. Long-lived - Extreme lack of social pluralism - Well-defined ideology - Against capitalism - Based on Marxist arguments about class solidarity - economic determinism - Socialism run amok?
Communism
Economics
Political Factors of Strong States
Gender as a Category
27. Comparative Politics - International Relations - American Politics - (normative) theory or Political Philosophy
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
Subfields of Political Science
Qualitative method
Method of Inference
28. A systematic study of the structures of two or more political systems (such as those of Britain and the People's Republic of China) to achieve an understanding of how different societies manage the realities of governing. Also considered are politica
Comparative Government
District Magnitude
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
Social Movements
29. A basic plan that outlines the structure and functions of the national government. Clearly rooted in Western political thought - it sets limits on government and protects both property and individual rights.
Constitution
Political Factors of Strong States
Observational Laws
Regime type
30. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Judicial Review - Number of chambers: bicameral - Federalism: Federal
Classic Liberal Argument
Observational/Evidential
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
Consensual
31. Process tracing through case studies. Requires a well-developed theory and minute examination ('process tracing')
Qualitative method
Observational/Evidential
Political Party
classic Liberalism
32. Describes the principal characteristics of what has been studied.
Party System
Political Party
Observational/Evidential
classic Liberalism
33. it works better in the long run - less risk/variability
Utilitarian Justification
Participation
Theories
Social Movements: Causes
34. The opportunity to choose among alternative candidates and positions
Contestation
Conservatism
Advantages of Social Movements
Majoritarian
35. No or low citizen accountability ('subjects' rather than 'citizens') - Reciprocal relationship between leader and selectorate - Totalitarianism vs. authoritarianism
Political Party
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Non-democratic regimes
Empirical Knowledge
36. Regime where the rulers are accountable to the ruled.
Political Identity
Democracy
Authority
Party System
37. An organization that seeks elective office - Currency/instrument: votes
Communism
Political Party
Nation
Culture
38. About agency: we deserve freedom and need to be held meaningfully accountable
Why States/Governments
Classic Liberal Argument
Threshold
Non-democratic regimes
39. Compiling a body of data based on direct observation that can be utilized both to explain what has been observed and to form valid generalizations.
Liberalism
Empirical Knowledge
Political Party
Threshold
40. Also known as interpersonal trust & tolerance
Social Movements
Solidarity
Totalitarianism
Advantages of Social Movements
41. A political organization that primarily uses lobbying - Currency/instrument: money - information - numbers
Interest Groups
Participation
Constitution
Constructivism
42. Identities are malleable - and anything can become politicized. Struggles to explain fundamental patterns in political identity or their grasp on our souls. Can't really explain which identities become politicized either
Constructivism
Socialism
Culture
Comparative Government
43. (Voluntary) allocation (production and distribution) of goods and services
Economics
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
State
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
44. A government with a one house legislature.
Unicameral Legislature
Nation
Democracy
Transition
45. A civil war (...) in which one party is the state - the insurgents win - the insurgents have a lot of popular support - and the insurgents implement 'wholesale political change'
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Social Movements: Causes
Revolution
Regime type
46. Think of this as 'gender as cause'. Gender roles change and/or mix of women in politics changes; what is the consequence? Key finding: having more women in public office changes the policy agenda - i.e. - more focus on women's issues
Gender as a Category
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
Observational Laws
Democracy
47. The use of force by states or non-state actors to achieve political goals
Political Violence
Bureaucracy
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
Primordialism
48. Energy or righteous zeal wins large numbers of participants - Nimble in framing issues and changing tactics
Gender as a Category
State Strength
Advantages of Social Movements
Revolution
49. 19th - in the United States and Western Europe.
Non-democratic regimes
Quantitative
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
Why States/Governments
50. Monarchies - Single-party regimes - Military regimes - Oligarchies - Theocracies - Personalistic regimes
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Socialism
Liberalism
State Strength