SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Political Science
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
political-science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Think of this as 'gender as cause'. Gender roles change and/or mix of women in politics changes; what is the consequence? Key finding: having more women in public office changes the policy agenda - i.e. - more focus on women's issues
Revolution
Transition
Regime type
Gender as a Category
2. when you must get a minimum percent of votes to have your votes count or (sometimes) to retain your party registration
Consolidation
Threshold
Three types of Political Organization
Theories
3. Traditionally measured as capacity and autonomy
Classic Liberal Argument
State Strength
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
Identity
4. A formal document that sets up the basic rules of the political game
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
Party System
Constitution
Disadvantages of Social Movements
5. Shared sets of meanings
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
(Civil) Society
Culture
Three types of Political Organization
6. About agency: we deserve freedom and need to be held meaningfully accountable
Science
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
Classic Liberal Argument
Democracy
7. Selective incentives - Small group size - Social (solidary) incentives - Homogeneity - Others? Duty and altruism? Love?
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Bureaucracy
Collective action problem: Solutions
classic Liberalism
8. A basic plan that outlines the structure and functions of the national government. Clearly rooted in Western political thought - it sets limits on government and protects both property and individual rights.
Utilitarian Justification
Constitution
Science
Fascism
9. (Voluntary) allocation (production and distribution) of goods and services
political equality
Economics
Non-democratic regimes
Why States/Governments
10. Charismatic - Rational-legal - Traditional/patrimonial
Revolution
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Advantages of Social Movements
Constructivism
11. Hard to amass resources (money and information) - Short-lived - The dilemma of formalization
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Political Theory
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Authority
12. Monarchies - Single-party regimes - Military regimes - Oligarchies - Theocracies - Personalistic regimes
Patronage
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Subfields of Political Science
Science
13. Any identity that significantly shapes our political decisions
Political Identity
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
Civic Engagement
(Civil) Society
14. Identities are malleable - and anything can become politicized. Struggles to explain fundamental patterns in political identity or their grasp on our souls. Can't really explain which identities become politicized either
Consensual
Primordialism
Theories
Constructivism
15. Long-lived - Extreme lack of social pluralism - Well-defined ideology - Against capitalism - Based on Marxist arguments about class solidarity - economic determinism - Socialism run amok?
State
Communism
Utilitarian Justification
Transition
16. Process or moment of changing from one regime type to another Ex: Arab Springs (Causes: cultural or economice - or military culture) - (int'l factors: U.S. foreign policy - Soviet foreign policy - Changes to Catholic doctrine - EU accession - Globali
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
Social Movements
Political Factors of Strong States
Transition
17. Historical origins. Failure of liberalism to address shortcomings of capitalist industrialization; Marx - Central assumption: All persons are of equal value - but they cannot develop themselves alone
Utilitarian Justification
Authority
Socialism
Conservatism
18. The use of force by states or non-state actors to achieve political goals
Primordialism
Criticisms of Rational Choice
Constructivism
Political Violence
19. Basically - density and quality of civil society
Empirical Knowledge
Criticisms of Rational Choice
Civic Engagement
Why States/Governments
20. it works better in the long run - less risk/variability
Social Movements: Causes
Utilitarian Justification
political equality
Primordialism
21. A consciously derived - coherent set of beliefs that offers a comprehensive political program
Political Violence
State
Conservatism
Ideology
22. Shorter-lived - Slightly less repressive - Ideology not so clear - In favor of capitalism - though with state involvement - Based more on Social Darwinism/racism/nationlsm - Conservatism run amok?
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
Fascism
Consensual
Bureaucracy
23. A subset of culture - based on our ability to attach labels to ourselves and others - or to define ourselves in terms of the groups we belong to - Some political examples: Partisan identity - Class identity - Ethnic identity - National identity
Authority
Utilitarian Justification
Consensual
Identity
24. Regime where the rulers are accountable to the ruled.
Fascism
Political Party
Gender as a Category
Democracy
25. Political violence by non-state actors against civilian targets
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Qualitative method
Terrorism
Liberalism
26. Situation of stability - no party has incentive and ability to undermine the regime (Causes: cultural or economice - or military culture) - (Int'l Factors: U.S. foreign policy - Soviet foreign policy - Changes to Catholic doctrine - EU accession - G
Consolidation
Identity
Unicameral Legislature
Bureaucracy
27. Basically - synonymous for statistical method - Large numbers of observational data - 'Control' for confounding factors
Theories
Liberalism
Quantitative
Culture
28. Situation where all fully qualified citizens have an equal say
Totalitarianism
Participation
Economics
Political Theory
29. Territorial monopoly over the legitimate use of force. Refers to the government + the people + the territory ('the country')
Political Identity
State
Quantitative
Communism
30. Ideology An ideology that seeks the active reshaping of minds of individuals and believes this can/must be done by force - Coercive mobilization - No social or political pluralism
Sovereignty
Interest Groups
Comparative Government
Totalitarianism
31. A government with a one house legislature.
Culture
Social Movements
Solidarity
Unicameral Legislature
32. No or low citizen accountability ('subjects' rather than 'citizens') - Reciprocal relationship between leader and selectorate - Totalitarianism vs. authoritarianism
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
Political Party
Civic Engagement
Non-democratic regimes
33. Efficiency vs. representativeness
34. An organization that seeks elective office - Currency/instrument: votes
Political Party
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
political equality
Economics
35. A non-meritocratic system in which jobs and contracts are distributed according to partisan support - (The U.S. 'spoils system' of the 19th century')
Collective action problem: causes
Patronage
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
Criticisms of Rational Choice
36. Describes the principal characteristics of what has been studied.
Political Factors of Strong States
Gender as a Process
Observational/Evidential
Observational Laws
37. Historical origins. A response to the old feudal order and the rise of modern capitalism - 'The highest good of society [is] the ability of the members of that society to develop their individual capacities to the fullest extent' (p. 26) One of the 3
Political Party
Authoritarianism
Liberalism
District Magnitude
38. The rules about making the rules - often embodied in a constitution.
Qualitative method
Regime type
Social Movements: Causes
District Magnitude
39. Concentration vs. dispersal of power
40. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Judicial Review - Number of chambers: bicameral - Federalism: Federal
Social Movements
Solidarity
Consensual
Democracy
41. You see a puzzle - You come up with a potential explanation (a 'theory') - You test it with evidence (data drawn from the 5 senses) - You share the results with others and get their feedback - Repeat steps 2 through 4 until you publish
District Magnitude
Primordialism
Solidarity
Method of Inference
42. Use of method of inference to create generalizeable explanations
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
Theories
Significance of Collective action problem
Science
43. Compiling a body of data based on direct observation that can be utilized both to explain what has been observed and to form valid generalizations.
Qualitative method
Method of Inference
Contestation
Empirical Knowledge
44. In social movements - rational choice and culture come together - Culture: the sense of a righteous - popular will that has been subverted ('framing'/'grievance') - Motivates collective action - But also determines the choice of organization and tact
Collective action problem: causes
Madison's dilemma
Social Movements: Causes
Terrorism
45. Historical origins. A reaction to liberalism - Central assumption: 'The highest good of society [is] the maintenance of ordered community and of common values' (p. 28) One of the 3 big idealogies
Conservatism
Contestation
Criticisms of Rational Choice
Political Party
46. Comparative Politics - International Relations - American Politics - (normative) theory or Political Philosophy
Constitution
Communism
Subfields of Political Science
Social Movements: Causes
47. Think of this as gender as outcome; what factors - esp. political ones - lead to changes in gender roles? Key finding: politics does matter - especially who has an organized voice. Formal rules - number/identity of parties - etc.
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Regime type
Conservatism
Gender as a Process
48. An identity-based community - where the identity is strong enough that we think we should probably be sovereign...
State Strength
Nation
Constructivism
Liberalism
49. The set of relationships among parties in a country - Often categorized by the effective number of parties.
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
Nation
Party System
Gender as a Category
50. Individual rationality does not always lead to collective rationality - Walking on the grass - Policy implementation is problematic - Voting; protests; interest groups; etc. are underprovided (Olson's point)
Gender as a Category
Significance of Collective action problem
Theories
Comparative Government