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CLEP Political Science

Subjects : clep, political-science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The rules about making the rules - often embodied in a constitution.






2. Compiling a body of data based on direct observation that can be utilized both to explain what has been observed and to form valid generalizations.






3. Utility maximization - Preferences: Comparability/Completeness - Transitivity - Probability - Incomplete information and uncertainty about future - Mathematical modeling






4. A civil war (...) in which one party is the state - the insurgents win - the insurgents have a lot of popular support - and the insurgents implement 'wholesale political change'






5. Think of this as gender as outcome; what factors - esp. political ones - lead to changes in gender roles? Key finding: politics does matter - especially who has an organized voice. Formal rules - number/identity of parties - etc.






6. America's two ideologies (Liberal and Conservative) are two versions of classic liberalism






7. Also known as interpersonal trust & tolerance






8. Utility: self-interest - but what constitutes self-interest? Material self-interest? Economics - Politics. Example: vote maximization - The gospel Failures of rationality - Really incomplete information & satisfaction - Intransitivity and other cogni






9. Analyzing the data that has been collected and offering plausible general principles that can be drawn from what has been observed.






10. Concentration vs. dispersal of power

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11. Historical origins. A response to the old feudal order and the rise of modern capitalism - 'The highest good of society [is] the ability of the members of that society to develop their individual capacities to the fullest extent' (p. 26) One of the 3






12. Shorter-lived - Slightly less repressive - Ideology not so clear - In favor of capitalism - though with state involvement - Based more on Social Darwinism/racism/nationlsm - Conservatism run amok?






13. Individual rationality does not always lead to collective rationality - Walking on the grass - Policy implementation is problematic - Voting; protests; interest groups; etc. are underprovided (Olson's point)






14. The set of relationships among parties in a country - Often categorized by the effective number of parties.






15. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Parliamentary supremacy - Number of chambers: Unicameral/weak bicameral - Federalism: Unitary






16. Process tracing through case studies. Requires a well-developed theory and minute examination ('process tracing')






17. About agency: we deserve freedom and need to be held meaningfully accountable






18. Hard to amass resources (money and information) - Short-lived - The dilemma of formalization






19. An organization that seeks elective office - Currency/instrument: votes






20. Warfare and military technology - Economic: development of trade and manufacturing and new financial/fiscal instruments - Cultural: Enlightenment - (There are also Environmental/geographic factors)






21. Ideology An ideology that seeks the active reshaping of minds of individuals and believes this can/must be done by force - Coercive mobilization - No social or political pluralism






22. when you must get a minimum percent of votes to have your votes count or (sometimes) to retain your party registration






23. Political parties - Interest groups - Social movements






24. Any identity that significantly shapes our political decisions






25. Describes the principal characteristics of what has been studied.






26. (Voluntary) allocation (production and distribution) of goods and services






27. Historical origins. Failure of liberalism to address shortcomings of capitalist industrialization; Marx - Central assumption: All persons are of equal value - but they cannot develop themselves alone






28. The mathematical formula used to allocate the seats according to the vote - Plurality or 'first-past-the-post' - various PR formulas - such as D'Hondt - largest remainders - St. Lague - etc.






29. Monarchies - Single-party regimes - Military regimes - Oligarchies - Theocracies - Personalistic regimes






30. A historical exploration of the major contributions to political thought from the ancient Greeks to the contemporary theorists. It also involves the philosophical and speculative consideration of the political world.






31. Process or moment of changing from one regime type to another Ex: Arab Springs (Causes: cultural or economice - or military culture) - (int'l factors: U.S. foreign policy - Soviet foreign policy - Changes to Catholic doctrine - EU accession - Globali






32. The use of force by states or non-state actors to achieve political goals






33. Political violence by non-state actors against civilian targets






34. Hypotheses based on what has been observed.






35. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Judicial Review - Number of chambers: bicameral - Federalism: Federal






36. The opportunity to choose among alternative candidates and positions






37. Public vs. private goods - Non-exclusivity. The owner can't deny access - Inexhaustability. The good is never used up - Jointness of supply. Its existence depends on our combined contribution; truly 'collective' - Free riding. We generally fail to co






38. A consciously derived - coherent set of beliefs that offers a comprehensive political program






39. A government with a one house legislature.






40. State of nature (collective action problem) - Hobbes' solution: the social contract






41. Regime where the rulers are accountable to the ruled.






42. Efficiency vs. representativeness

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43. The identities that can become political are those formed very early in life or perhaps vaguely racial/genetic. Struggles to explain (rapid) cultural change - or which identities become politicized






44. Comparative Politics - International Relations - American Politics - (normative) theory or Political Philosophy






45. Basically - synonymous for statistical method - Large numbers of observational data - 'Control' for confounding factors






46. A political organization that primarily uses lobbying - Currency/instrument: money - information - numbers






47. Force + Legitimacy






48. Shared sets of meanings






49. A consideration of how nations interact with each other within the frameworks of law - diplomacy - and international organizations such as the United Nations.






50. Basically - density and quality of civil society







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