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CLEP Political Science

Subjects : clep, political-science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A consciously derived - coherent set of beliefs that offers a comprehensive political program






2. Any identity that significantly shapes our political decisions






3. Think of this as gender as outcome; what factors - esp. political ones - lead to changes in gender roles? Key finding: politics does matter - especially who has an organized voice. Formal rules - number/identity of parties - etc.






4. The mathematical formula used to allocate the seats according to the vote - Plurality or 'first-past-the-post' - various PR formulas - such as D'Hondt - largest remainders - St. Lague - etc.






5. Situation of stability - no party has incentive and ability to undermine the regime (Causes: cultural or economice - or military culture) - (Int'l Factors: U.S. foreign policy - Soviet foreign policy - Changes to Catholic doctrine - EU accession - G






6. Political violence by non-state actors against civilian targets






7. Public administration (civil service). All (non-military) government workers not elected to their posts - but hired (United States beginning in 1880s)






8. Traditionally measured as capacity and autonomy






9. America's two ideologies (Liberal and Conservative) are two versions of classic liberalism






10. Efficiency vs. representativeness

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11. An identity-based community - where the identity is strong enough that we think we should probably be sovereign...






12. The organized study of government and politics. It borrows from the related disciplines of history - philosophy - sociology - economics - and law.






13. Basically - synonymous for statistical method - Large numbers of observational data - 'Control' for confounding factors






14. Monarchies - Single-party regimes - Military regimes - Oligarchies - Theocracies - Personalistic regimes






15. A historical exploration of the major contributions to political thought from the ancient Greeks to the contemporary theorists. It also involves the philosophical and speculative consideration of the political world.






16. Force + Legitimacy






17. An organization that seeks elective office - Currency/instrument: votes






18. No or low citizen accountability ('subjects' rather than 'citizens') - Reciprocal relationship between leader and selectorate - Totalitarianism vs. authoritarianism






19. Think of this as 'gender as cause'. Gender roles change and/or mix of women in politics changes; what is the consequence? Key finding: having more women in public office changes the policy agenda - i.e. - more focus on women's issues






20. The opportunity to choose among alternative candidates and positions






21. Process or moment of changing from one regime type to another Ex: Arab Springs (Causes: cultural or economice - or military culture) - (int'l factors: U.S. foreign policy - Soviet foreign policy - Changes to Catholic doctrine - EU accession - Globali






22. Political parties - Interest groups - Social movements






23. Compiling a body of data based on direct observation that can be utilized both to explain what has been observed and to form valid generalizations.






24. All voluntary associations/all secondary associations






25. monopoly over the legitimate use of force






26. Analyzing the data that has been collected and offering plausible general principles that can be drawn from what has been observed.






27. Comparative Politics - International Relations - American Politics - (normative) theory or Political Philosophy






28. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Parliamentary supremacy - Number of chambers: Unicameral/weak bicameral - Federalism: Unitary






29. Hypotheses based on what has been observed.






30. Identities are malleable - and anything can become politicized. Struggles to explain fundamental patterns in political identity or their grasp on our souls. Can't really explain which identities become politicized either






31. Situation where all fully qualified citizens have an equal say






32. You see a puzzle - You come up with a potential explanation (a 'theory') - You test it with evidence (data drawn from the 5 senses) - You share the results with others and get their feedback - Repeat steps 2 through 4 until you publish






33. A systematic study of the structures of two or more political systems (such as those of Britain and the People's Republic of China) to achieve an understanding of how different societies manage the realities of governing. Also considered are politica






34. A consideration of how nations interact with each other within the frameworks of law - diplomacy - and international organizations such as the United Nations.






35. (Voluntary) allocation (production and distribution) of goods and services






36. Basically - density and quality of civil society






37. equality in political decision making: one vote per person - with all votes counted equally






38. The use of force by states or non-state actors to achieve political goals






39. Historical origins. A response to the old feudal order and the rise of modern capitalism - 'The highest good of society [is] the ability of the members of that society to develop their individual capacities to the fullest extent' (p. 26) One of the 3






40. Describes the principal characteristics of what has been studied.






41. Use of method of inference to create generalizeable explanations






42. The identities that can become political are those formed very early in life or perhaps vaguely racial/genetic. Struggles to explain (rapid) cultural change - or which identities become politicized






43. Warfare and military technology - Economic: development of trade and manufacturing and new financial/fiscal instruments - Cultural: Enlightenment - (There are also Environmental/geographic factors)






44. Individual rationality does not always lead to collective rationality - Walking on the grass - Policy implementation is problematic - Voting; protests; interest groups; etc. are underprovided (Olson's point)






45. A basic plan that outlines the structure and functions of the national government. Clearly rooted in Western political thought - it sets limits on government and protects both property and individual rights.






46. A subset of culture - based on our ability to attach labels to ourselves and others - or to define ourselves in terms of the groups we belong to - Some political examples: Partisan identity - Class identity - Ethnic identity - National identity






47. The making of collectively binding decisions






48. Shared sets of meanings






49. State of nature (collective action problem) - Hobbes' solution: the social contract






50. Utility maximization - Preferences: Comparability/Completeness - Transitivity - Probability - Incomplete information and uncertainty about future - Mathematical modeling







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