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CLEP Political Science

Subjects : clep, political-science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Hypotheses based on what has been observed.






2. Force + Legitimacy






3. Political violence by non-state actors against civilian targets






4. America's two ideologies (Liberal and Conservative) are two versions of classic liberalism






5. Think of this as 'gender as cause'. Gender roles change and/or mix of women in politics changes; what is the consequence? Key finding: having more women in public office changes the policy agenda - i.e. - more focus on women's issues






6. how many seats are allotted to each electoral district






7. Analyzing the data that has been collected and offering plausible general principles that can be drawn from what has been observed.






8. 19th - in the United States and Western Europe.






9. Regime where the rulers are accountable to the ruled.






10. A consciously derived - coherent set of beliefs that offers a comprehensive political program






11. Shared sets of meanings






12. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Judicial Review - Number of chambers: bicameral - Federalism: Federal






13. Historical origins. A reaction to liberalism - Central assumption: 'The highest good of society [is] the maintenance of ordered community and of common values' (p. 28) One of the 3 big idealogies






14. Traditionally measured as capacity and autonomy






15. Public vs. private goods - Non-exclusivity. The owner can't deny access - Inexhaustability. The good is never used up - Jointness of supply. Its existence depends on our combined contribution; truly 'collective' - Free riding. We generally fail to co






16. An organization that seeks elective office - Currency/instrument: votes






17. Selective incentives - Small group size - Social (solidary) incentives - Homogeneity - Others? Duty and altruism? Love?






18. The use of force by states or non-state actors to achieve political goals






19. Process tracing through case studies. Requires a well-developed theory and minute examination ('process tracing')






20. Efficiency vs. representativeness

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21. Historical origins. Failure of liberalism to address shortcomings of capitalist industrialization; Marx - Central assumption: All persons are of equal value - but they cannot develop themselves alone






22. Situation where all fully qualified citizens have an equal say






23. Any identity that significantly shapes our political decisions






24. A political system controlled by rulers who deny popular participation in government






25. A political organization that primarily uses lobbying - Currency/instrument: money - information - numbers






26. it works better in the long run - less risk/variability






27. Charismatic - Rational-legal - Traditional/patrimonial






28. Basically - density and quality of civil society






29. A basic plan that outlines the structure and functions of the national government. Clearly rooted in Western political thought - it sets limits on government and protects both property and individual rights.






30. Identities are malleable - and anything can become politicized. Struggles to explain fundamental patterns in political identity or their grasp on our souls. Can't really explain which identities become politicized either






31. State of nature (collective action problem) - Hobbes' solution: the social contract






32. Individual rationality does not always lead to collective rationality - Walking on the grass - Policy implementation is problematic - Voting; protests; interest groups; etc. are underprovided (Olson's point)






33. You see a puzzle - You come up with a potential explanation (a 'theory') - You test it with evidence (data drawn from the 5 senses) - You share the results with others and get their feedback - Repeat steps 2 through 4 until you publish






34. (Voluntary) allocation (production and distribution) of goods and services






35. Monarchies - Single-party regimes - Military regimes - Oligarchies - Theocracies - Personalistic regimes






36. Territorial monopoly over the legitimate use of force. Refers to the government + the people + the territory ('the country')






37. The rules about making the rules - often embodied in a constitution.






38. Situation of stability - no party has incentive and ability to undermine the regime (Causes: cultural or economice - or military culture) - (Int'l Factors: U.S. foreign policy - Soviet foreign policy - Changes to Catholic doctrine - EU accession - G






39. Ideology An ideology that seeks the active reshaping of minds of individuals and believes this can/must be done by force - Coercive mobilization - No social or political pluralism






40. Process or moment of changing from one regime type to another Ex: Arab Springs (Causes: cultural or economice - or military culture) - (int'l factors: U.S. foreign policy - Soviet foreign policy - Changes to Catholic doctrine - EU accession - Globali






41. Concentration vs. dispersal of power

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42. An identity-based community - where the identity is strong enough that we think we should probably be sovereign...






43. Warfare and military technology - Economic: development of trade and manufacturing and new financial/fiscal instruments - Cultural: Enlightenment - (There are also Environmental/geographic factors)






44. Use of method of inference to create generalizeable explanations






45. A consideration of how nations interact with each other within the frameworks of law - diplomacy - and international organizations such as the United Nations.






46. Basically - synonymous for statistical method - Large numbers of observational data - 'Control' for confounding factors






47. The identities that can become political are those formed very early in life or perhaps vaguely racial/genetic. Struggles to explain (rapid) cultural change - or which identities become politicized






48. The making of collectively binding decisions






49. Tactics An organization that seeks to influence government through 'contentious' or 'disruptive' politics - Currency/instrument: show of force - numbers - brinkmanship - Organization A (non-hierarchical) network of organizations and individuals worki






50. when you must get a minimum percent of votes to have your votes count or (sometimes) to retain your party registration