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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Political Science
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Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
political-science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Utility: self-interest - but what constitutes self-interest? Material self-interest? Economics - Politics. Example: vote maximization - The gospel Failures of rationality - Really incomplete information & satisfaction - Intransitivity and other cogni
Criticisms of Rational Choice
Political Theory
Constitution
Communism
2. Regime where the rulers are accountable to the ruled.
Constitution
Democracy
Political Science
Social Movements: Causes
3. The organized study of government and politics. It borrows from the related disciplines of history - philosophy - sociology - economics - and law.
Political Science
Gender as a Process
Why States/Governments
Observational/Evidential
4. Long-lived - Extreme lack of social pluralism - Well-defined ideology - Against capitalism - Based on Marxist arguments about class solidarity - economic determinism - Socialism run amok?
Political Science
Communism
Observational/Evidential
Civic Engagement
5. Process or moment of changing from one regime type to another Ex: Arab Springs (Causes: cultural or economice - or military culture) - (int'l factors: U.S. foreign policy - Soviet foreign policy - Changes to Catholic doctrine - EU accession - Globali
Party System
Comparative Government
Transition
Classic Liberal Argument
6. In social movements - rational choice and culture come together - Culture: the sense of a righteous - popular will that has been subverted ('framing'/'grievance') - Motivates collective action - But also determines the choice of organization and tact
State Strength
Social Movements: Causes
political equality
Democracy
7. The rules about making the rules - often embodied in a constitution.
Consolidation
(Civil) Society
Madison's dilemma
Regime type
8. A political organization that primarily uses lobbying - Currency/instrument: money - information - numbers
Interest Groups
Empirical Knowledge
Contestation
Constructivism
9. Think of this as 'gender as cause'. Gender roles change and/or mix of women in politics changes; what is the consequence? Key finding: having more women in public office changes the policy agenda - i.e. - more focus on women's issues
Gender as a Category
Political Violence
Identity
Constitution
10. Efficiency vs. representativeness
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11. The set of relationships among parties in a country - Often categorized by the effective number of parties.
Subfields of Political Science
Party System
Political Theory
Revolution
12. it works better in the long run - less risk/variability
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
Utilitarian Justification
classic Liberalism
Civic Engagement
13. equality in political decision making: one vote per person - with all votes counted equally
political equality
Party System
Nation
Politics
14. Concentration vs. dispersal of power
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15. A government with a one house legislature.
Totalitarianism
Unicameral Legislature
Politics
Primordialism
16. The identities that can become political are those formed very early in life or perhaps vaguely racial/genetic. Struggles to explain (rapid) cultural change - or which identities become politicized
Primordialism
Social Movements: Causes
State Strength
Collective action problem: causes
17. how many seats are allotted to each electoral district
Political Violence
District Magnitude
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Empirical Knowledge
18. Comparative Politics - International Relations - American Politics - (normative) theory or Political Philosophy
Subfields of Political Science
Constitution
Empirical Knowledge
Participation
19. A systematic study of the structures of two or more political systems (such as those of Britain and the People's Republic of China) to achieve an understanding of how different societies manage the realities of governing. Also considered are politica
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
Empirical Knowledge
Comparative Government
Political Science
20. Also known as interpersonal trust & tolerance
Qualitative method
Solidarity
Civic Engagement
Culture
21. Think of this as gender as outcome; what factors - esp. political ones - lead to changes in gender roles? Key finding: politics does matter - especially who has an organized voice. Formal rules - number/identity of parties - etc.
Solidarity
Gender as a Process
Science
Significance of Collective action problem
22. America's two ideologies (Liberal and Conservative) are two versions of classic liberalism
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Science
classic Liberalism
Communism
23. You see a puzzle - You come up with a potential explanation (a 'theory') - You test it with evidence (data drawn from the 5 senses) - You share the results with others and get their feedback - Repeat steps 2 through 4 until you publish
Social Movements
Method of Inference
Why States/Governments
Fascism
24. monopoly over the legitimate use of force
Sovereignty
Constructivism
Why States/Governments
Regime type
25. 19th - in the United States and Western Europe.
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Communism
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
Observational Laws
26. Public vs. private goods - Non-exclusivity. The owner can't deny access - Inexhaustability. The good is never used up - Jointness of supply. Its existence depends on our combined contribution; truly 'collective' - Free riding. We generally fail to co
Totalitarianism
Solidarity
Collective action problem: causes
Disadvantages of Social Movements
27. Energy or righteous zeal wins large numbers of participants - Nimble in framing issues and changing tactics
Regime type
State
Advantages of Social Movements
Quantitative
28. Hard to amass resources (money and information) - Short-lived - The dilemma of formalization
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Regime type
Constitution
Patronage
29. The making of collectively binding decisions
Theories
Science
Politics
Threshold
30. Tactics An organization that seeks to influence government through 'contentious' or 'disruptive' politics - Currency/instrument: show of force - numbers - brinkmanship - Organization A (non-hierarchical) network of organizations and individuals worki
Politics
Utilitarian Justification
Social Movements
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
31. Selective incentives - Small group size - Social (solidary) incentives - Homogeneity - Others? Duty and altruism? Love?
Collective action problem: Solutions
Ideology
Fascism
Identity
32. Force + Legitimacy
Advantages of Social Movements
Unicameral Legislature
Authority
Interest Groups
33. A consideration of how nations interact with each other within the frameworks of law - diplomacy - and international organizations such as the United Nations.
Observational/Evidential
International Relations
Social Movements
Non-democratic regimes
34. Shorter-lived - Slightly less repressive - Ideology not so clear - In favor of capitalism - though with state involvement - Based more on Social Darwinism/racism/nationlsm - Conservatism run amok?
Authoritarianism
Fascism
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
Significance of Collective action problem
35. Political violence by non-state actors against civilian targets
Madison's dilemma
Terrorism
Nation
Method of Inference
36. A subset of culture - based on our ability to attach labels to ourselves and others - or to define ourselves in terms of the groups we belong to - Some political examples: Partisan identity - Class identity - Ethnic identity - National identity
Identity
Classic Liberal Argument
Regime type
Patronage
37. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Judicial Review - Number of chambers: bicameral - Federalism: Federal
Consensual
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
Nation
Participation
38. An identity-based community - where the identity is strong enough that we think we should probably be sovereign...
Democracy
Nation
Subfields of Political Science
Party System
39. Process tracing through case studies. Requires a well-developed theory and minute examination ('process tracing')
Observational/Evidential
Qualitative method
Criticisms of Rational Choice
Ideology
40. Ideology An ideology that seeks the active reshaping of minds of individuals and believes this can/must be done by force - Coercive mobilization - No social or political pluralism
Social Movements: Causes
Social Movements
Totalitarianism
Socialism
41. Shared sets of meanings
Sovereignty
Qualitative method
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
Culture
42. Historical origins. A response to the old feudal order and the rise of modern capitalism - 'The highest good of society [is] the ability of the members of that society to develop their individual capacities to the fullest extent' (p. 26) One of the 3
International Relations
Liberalism
Culture
Civic Engagement
43. Compiling a body of data based on direct observation that can be utilized both to explain what has been observed and to form valid generalizations.
Subfields of Political Science
Empirical Knowledge
Totalitarianism
Theories
44. Use of method of inference to create generalizeable explanations
Observational Laws
Three types of Political Organization
Science
Politics
45. Situation where all fully qualified citizens have an equal say
Politics
Science
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
Participation
46. An organization that seeks elective office - Currency/instrument: votes
Liberalism
Totalitarianism
Political Party
Disadvantages of Social Movements
47. The use of force by states or non-state actors to achieve political goals
Political Violence
Interest Groups
Transition
Subfields of Political Science
48. Public administration (civil service). All (non-military) government workers not elected to their posts - but hired (United States beginning in 1880s)
State
Empirical Knowledge
Bureaucracy
Social Movements
49. Basically - synonymous for statistical method - Large numbers of observational data - 'Control' for confounding factors
Quantitative
Advantages of Social Movements
Social Movements: Causes
Theories
50. Territorial monopoly over the legitimate use of force. Refers to the government + the people + the territory ('the country')
Solidarity
Classic Liberal Argument
Gender as a Process
State