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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Political Science
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Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
political-science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The opportunity to choose among alternative candidates and positions
Politics
Contestation
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Political Science
2. The making of collectively binding decisions
Politics
Political Violence
Threshold
Utilitarian Justification
3. Describes the principal characteristics of what has been studied.
Economics
Socialism
District Magnitude
Observational/Evidential
4. Efficiency vs. representativeness
5. Ideology An ideology that seeks the active reshaping of minds of individuals and believes this can/must be done by force - Coercive mobilization - No social or political pluralism
Participation
Interest Groups
Totalitarianism
Constructivism
6. Regime where the rulers are accountable to the ruled.
Solidarity
Democracy
Civic Engagement
Political Violence
7. Hard to amass resources (money and information) - Short-lived - The dilemma of formalization
Revolution
Culture
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Totalitarianism
8. About agency: we deserve freedom and need to be held meaningfully accountable
Identity
Classic Liberal Argument
Conservatism
Communism
9. Basically - density and quality of civil society
Comparative Government
Political Identity
Civic Engagement
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
10. 19th - in the United States and Western Europe.
Utilitarian Justification
Social Movements: Causes
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
Primordialism
11. Historical origins. Failure of liberalism to address shortcomings of capitalist industrialization; Marx - Central assumption: All persons are of equal value - but they cannot develop themselves alone
Socialism
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
Collective action problem: causes
Conservatism
12. Think of this as gender as outcome; what factors - esp. political ones - lead to changes in gender roles? Key finding: politics does matter - especially who has an organized voice. Formal rules - number/identity of parties - etc.
Political Theory
Political Party
Fascism
Gender as a Process
13. America's two ideologies (Liberal and Conservative) are two versions of classic liberalism
classic Liberalism
Subfields of Political Science
Quantitative
Revolution
14. Utility: self-interest - but what constitutes self-interest? Material self-interest? Economics - Politics. Example: vote maximization - The gospel Failures of rationality - Really incomplete information & satisfaction - Intransitivity and other cogni
Criticisms of Rational Choice
Culture
Observational Laws
Authority
15. Historical origins. A reaction to liberalism - Central assumption: 'The highest good of society [is] the maintenance of ordered community and of common values' (p. 28) One of the 3 big idealogies
Constructivism
Classic Liberal Argument
Collective action problem: Solutions
Conservatism
16. An identity-based community - where the identity is strong enough that we think we should probably be sovereign...
Political Science
Nation
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
Gender as a Process
17. how many seats are allotted to each electoral district
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
Theories
District Magnitude
Regime type
18. Concentration vs. dispersal of power
19. Political violence by non-state actors against civilian targets
Terrorism
classic Liberalism
Conservatism
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
20. Traditionally measured as capacity and autonomy
Political Party
Collective action problem: causes
State Strength
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
21. The use of force by states or non-state actors to achieve political goals
Sovereignty
Constitution
Political Violence
Communism
22. In social movements - rational choice and culture come together - Culture: the sense of a righteous - popular will that has been subverted ('framing'/'grievance') - Motivates collective action - But also determines the choice of organization and tact
Disadvantages of Social Movements
classic Liberalism
Social Movements: Causes
Socialism
23. Compiling a body of data based on direct observation that can be utilized both to explain what has been observed and to form valid generalizations.
(Civil) Society
Collective action problem: causes
Empirical Knowledge
Primordialism
24. Monarchies - Single-party regimes - Military regimes - Oligarchies - Theocracies - Personalistic regimes
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Science
Consolidation
Classic Liberal Argument
25. State of nature (collective action problem) - Hobbes' solution: the social contract
Socialism
Disadvantages of Social Movements
political equality
Why States/Governments
26. A consideration of how nations interact with each other within the frameworks of law - diplomacy - and international organizations such as the United Nations.
Unicameral Legislature
Subfields of Political Science
Ideology
International Relations
27. No or low citizen accountability ('subjects' rather than 'citizens') - Reciprocal relationship between leader and selectorate - Totalitarianism vs. authoritarianism
Three types of Political Organization
Non-democratic regimes
Advantages of Social Movements
Classic Liberal Argument
28. Public administration (civil service). All (non-military) government workers not elected to their posts - but hired (United States beginning in 1880s)
Non-democratic regimes
Advantages of Social Movements
Bureaucracy
Primordialism
29. A formal document that sets up the basic rules of the political game
Constitution
Liberalism
Advantages of Social Movements
Consolidation
30. A consciously derived - coherent set of beliefs that offers a comprehensive political program
Political Science
Ideology
Classic Liberal Argument
Disadvantages of Social Movements
31. Energy or righteous zeal wins large numbers of participants - Nimble in framing issues and changing tactics
Sovereignty
Advantages of Social Movements
Majoritarian
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
32. Use of method of inference to create generalizeable explanations
Classic Liberal Argument
Science
Nation
State
33. Charismatic - Rational-legal - Traditional/patrimonial
(Civil) Society
political equality
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Social Movements: Causes
34. Analyzing the data that has been collected and offering plausible general principles that can be drawn from what has been observed.
Three types of Political Organization
Theories
Unicameral Legislature
Comparative Government
35. A civil war (...) in which one party is the state - the insurgents win - the insurgents have a lot of popular support - and the insurgents implement 'wholesale political change'
Authority
Unicameral Legislature
Revolution
(Civil) Society
36. A political organization that primarily uses lobbying - Currency/instrument: money - information - numbers
Nation
Interest Groups
Subfields of Political Science
Sovereignty
37. Selective incentives - Small group size - Social (solidary) incentives - Homogeneity - Others? Duty and altruism? Love?
Collective action problem: Solutions
State
Culture
Party System
38. Public vs. private goods - Non-exclusivity. The owner can't deny access - Inexhaustability. The good is never used up - Jointness of supply. Its existence depends on our combined contribution; truly 'collective' - Free riding. We generally fail to co
Collective action problem: causes
Unicameral Legislature
Comparative Government
Political Theory
39. Think of this as 'gender as cause'. Gender roles change and/or mix of women in politics changes; what is the consequence? Key finding: having more women in public office changes the policy agenda - i.e. - more focus on women's issues
Constitution
Consensual
Economics
Gender as a Category
40. Comparative Politics - International Relations - American Politics - (normative) theory or Political Philosophy
Three types of Political Organization
Bureaucracy
Conservatism
Subfields of Political Science
41. A systematic study of the structures of two or more political systems (such as those of Britain and the People's Republic of China) to achieve an understanding of how different societies manage the realities of governing. Also considered are politica
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
Regime type
Comparative Government
Science
42. Territorial monopoly over the legitimate use of force. Refers to the government + the people + the territory ('the country')
Social Movements: Causes
State
Political Theory
Political Party
43. A non-meritocratic system in which jobs and contracts are distributed according to partisan support - (The U.S. 'spoils system' of the 19th century')
Consolidation
Patronage
Why States/Governments
State
44. equality in political decision making: one vote per person - with all votes counted equally
Consensual
political equality
Non-democratic regimes
Ideology
45. The mathematical formula used to allocate the seats according to the vote - Plurality or 'first-past-the-post' - various PR formulas - such as D'Hondt - largest remainders - St. Lague - etc.
Solidarity
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
Revolution
Gender as a Process
46. A subset of culture - based on our ability to attach labels to ourselves and others - or to define ourselves in terms of the groups we belong to - Some political examples: Partisan identity - Class identity - Ethnic identity - National identity
political equality
Gender as a Process
State
Identity
47. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Judicial Review - Number of chambers: bicameral - Federalism: Federal
Sovereignty
International Relations
Consensual
(Civil) Society
48. The set of relationships among parties in a country - Often categorized by the effective number of parties.
Party System
Observational/Evidential
Three types of Political Organization
State Strength
49. Utility maximization - Preferences: Comparability/Completeness - Transitivity - Probability - Incomplete information and uncertainty about future - Mathematical modeling
Gender as a Process
Constitution
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
Socialism
50. An organization that seeks elective office - Currency/instrument: votes
Political Party
Science
Criticisms of Rational Choice
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes