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CLEP Political Science

Subjects : clep, political-science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Historical origins. A reaction to liberalism - Central assumption: 'The highest good of society [is] the maintenance of ordered community and of common values' (p. 28) One of the 3 big idealogies






2. Think of this as 'gender as cause'. Gender roles change and/or mix of women in politics changes; what is the consequence? Key finding: having more women in public office changes the policy agenda - i.e. - more focus on women's issues






3. Situation of stability - no party has incentive and ability to undermine the regime (Causes: cultural or economice - or military culture) - (Int'l Factors: U.S. foreign policy - Soviet foreign policy - Changes to Catholic doctrine - EU accession - G






4. 19th - in the United States and Western Europe.






5. An identity-based community - where the identity is strong enough that we think we should probably be sovereign...






6. The rules about making the rules - often embodied in a constitution.






7. Energy or righteous zeal wins large numbers of participants - Nimble in framing issues and changing tactics






8. A consideration of how nations interact with each other within the frameworks of law - diplomacy - and international organizations such as the United Nations.






9. No or low citizen accountability ('subjects' rather than 'citizens') - Reciprocal relationship between leader and selectorate - Totalitarianism vs. authoritarianism






10. A non-meritocratic system in which jobs and contracts are distributed according to partisan support - (The U.S. 'spoils system' of the 19th century')






11. A systematic study of the structures of two or more political systems (such as those of Britain and the People's Republic of China) to achieve an understanding of how different societies manage the realities of governing. Also considered are politica






12. Think of this as gender as outcome; what factors - esp. political ones - lead to changes in gender roles? Key finding: politics does matter - especially who has an organized voice. Formal rules - number/identity of parties - etc.






13. All voluntary associations/all secondary associations






14. Utility: self-interest - but what constitutes self-interest? Material self-interest? Economics - Politics. Example: vote maximization - The gospel Failures of rationality - Really incomplete information & satisfaction - Intransitivity and other cogni






15. Territorial monopoly over the legitimate use of force. Refers to the government + the people + the territory ('the country')






16. Charismatic - Rational-legal - Traditional/patrimonial






17. Shorter-lived - Slightly less repressive - Ideology not so clear - In favor of capitalism - though with state involvement - Based more on Social Darwinism/racism/nationlsm - Conservatism run amok?






18. A subset of culture - based on our ability to attach labels to ourselves and others - or to define ourselves in terms of the groups we belong to - Some political examples: Partisan identity - Class identity - Ethnic identity - National identity






19. Use of method of inference to create generalizeable explanations






20. Basically - density and quality of civil society






21. A political system controlled by rulers who deny popular participation in government






22. Compiling a body of data based on direct observation that can be utilized both to explain what has been observed and to form valid generalizations.






23. A political organization that primarily uses lobbying - Currency/instrument: money - information - numbers






24. Process or moment of changing from one regime type to another Ex: Arab Springs (Causes: cultural or economice - or military culture) - (int'l factors: U.S. foreign policy - Soviet foreign policy - Changes to Catholic doctrine - EU accession - Globali






25. The making of collectively binding decisions






26. Monarchies - Single-party regimes - Military regimes - Oligarchies - Theocracies - Personalistic regimes






27. Political parties - Interest groups - Social movements






28. Tactics An organization that seeks to influence government through 'contentious' or 'disruptive' politics - Currency/instrument: show of force - numbers - brinkmanship - Organization A (non-hierarchical) network of organizations and individuals worki






29. Ideology An ideology that seeks the active reshaping of minds of individuals and believes this can/must be done by force - Coercive mobilization - No social or political pluralism






30. The set of relationships among parties in a country - Often categorized by the effective number of parties.






31. Long-lived - Extreme lack of social pluralism - Well-defined ideology - Against capitalism - Based on Marxist arguments about class solidarity - economic determinism - Socialism run amok?






32. Individual rationality does not always lead to collective rationality - Walking on the grass - Policy implementation is problematic - Voting; protests; interest groups; etc. are underprovided (Olson's point)






33. how many seats are allotted to each electoral district






34. Historical origins. Failure of liberalism to address shortcomings of capitalist industrialization; Marx - Central assumption: All persons are of equal value - but they cannot develop themselves alone






35. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Parliamentary supremacy - Number of chambers: Unicameral/weak bicameral - Federalism: Unitary






36. America's two ideologies (Liberal and Conservative) are two versions of classic liberalism






37. About agency: we deserve freedom and need to be held meaningfully accountable






38. Political violence by non-state actors against civilian targets






39. Shared sets of meanings






40. Also known as interpersonal trust & tolerance






41. when you must get a minimum percent of votes to have your votes count or (sometimes) to retain your party registration






42. Situation where all fully qualified citizens have an equal say






43. Process tracing through case studies. Requires a well-developed theory and minute examination ('process tracing')






44. A formal document that sets up the basic rules of the political game






45. Regime where the rulers are accountable to the ruled.






46. it works better in the long run - less risk/variability






47. In social movements - rational choice and culture come together - Culture: the sense of a righteous - popular will that has been subverted ('framing'/'grievance') - Motivates collective action - But also determines the choice of organization and tact






48. Efficiency vs. representativeness

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49. Hard to amass resources (money and information) - Short-lived - The dilemma of formalization






50. Concentration vs. dispersal of power

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