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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Political Science
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Subjects
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clep
,
political-science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. In social movements - rational choice and culture come together - Culture: the sense of a righteous - popular will that has been subverted ('framing'/'grievance') - Motivates collective action - But also determines the choice of organization and tact
Criticisms of Rational Choice
Qualitative method
Political Science
Social Movements: Causes
2. Analyzing the data that has been collected and offering plausible general principles that can be drawn from what has been observed.
Theories
Classic Liberal Argument
Ideology
Culture
3. Warfare and military technology - Economic: development of trade and manufacturing and new financial/fiscal instruments - Cultural: Enlightenment - (There are also Environmental/geographic factors)
Collective action problem: causes
International Relations
Constructivism
Political Factors of Strong States
4. About agency: we deserve freedom and need to be held meaningfully accountable
Classic Liberal Argument
Constructivism
International Relations
Political Factors of Strong States
5. Think of this as gender as outcome; what factors - esp. political ones - lead to changes in gender roles? Key finding: politics does matter - especially who has an organized voice. Formal rules - number/identity of parties - etc.
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Interest Groups
Gender as a Process
Nation
6. Monarchies - Single-party regimes - Military regimes - Oligarchies - Theocracies - Personalistic regimes
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Economics
Terrorism
Qualitative method
7. equality in political decision making: one vote per person - with all votes counted equally
Socialism
Gender as a Category
political equality
Advantages of Social Movements
8. when you must get a minimum percent of votes to have your votes count or (sometimes) to retain your party registration
Classic Liberal Argument
Majoritarian
Political Identity
Threshold
9. 19th - in the United States and Western Europe.
Totalitarianism
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
Fascism
Quantitative
10. Selective incentives - Small group size - Social (solidary) incentives - Homogeneity - Others? Duty and altruism? Love?
Economics
Science
Political Identity
Collective action problem: Solutions
11. Regime where the rulers are accountable to the ruled.
Democracy
Terrorism
Advantages of Social Movements
Significance of Collective action problem
12. Use of method of inference to create generalizeable explanations
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Science
State
Collective action problem: causes
13. Compiling a body of data based on direct observation that can be utilized both to explain what has been observed and to form valid generalizations.
Empirical Knowledge
Political Party
Criticisms of Rational Choice
Constitution
14. Process tracing through case studies. Requires a well-developed theory and minute examination ('process tracing')
Qualitative method
Collective action problem: causes
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
Political Violence
15. Situation of stability - no party has incentive and ability to undermine the regime (Causes: cultural or economice - or military culture) - (Int'l Factors: U.S. foreign policy - Soviet foreign policy - Changes to Catholic doctrine - EU accession - G
Political Science
Civic Engagement
Consolidation
Political Party
16. (Voluntary) allocation (production and distribution) of goods and services
Gender as a Category
Economics
Subfields of Political Science
Political Factors of Strong States
17. Describes the principal characteristics of what has been studied.
Observational/Evidential
Liberalism
International Relations
Quantitative
18. Historical origins. A reaction to liberalism - Central assumption: 'The highest good of society [is] the maintenance of ordered community and of common values' (p. 28) One of the 3 big idealogies
Three types of Political Organization
State Strength
Conservatism
Socialism
19. The identities that can become political are those formed very early in life or perhaps vaguely racial/genetic. Struggles to explain (rapid) cultural change - or which identities become politicized
Consensual
Revolution
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Primordialism
20. how many seats are allotted to each electoral district
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Transition
District Magnitude
Political Violence
21. Hard to amass resources (money and information) - Short-lived - The dilemma of formalization
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Patronage
(Civil) Society
Comparative Government
22. A political system controlled by rulers who deny popular participation in government
Political Theory
Authoritarianism
Majoritarian
Collective action problem: Solutions
23. A government with a one house legislature.
Communism
Unicameral Legislature
Regime type
Political Factors of Strong States
24. Political violence by non-state actors against civilian targets
Bureaucracy
International Relations
Madison's dilemma
Terrorism
25. Shorter-lived - Slightly less repressive - Ideology not so clear - In favor of capitalism - though with state involvement - Based more on Social Darwinism/racism/nationlsm - Conservatism run amok?
Gender as a Category
Political Science
Bureaucracy
Fascism
26. The set of relationships among parties in a country - Often categorized by the effective number of parties.
Collective action problem: causes
Party System
Theories
Disadvantages of Social Movements
27. The rules about making the rules - often embodied in a constitution.
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
Regime type
Political Theory
Liberalism
28. A consciously derived - coherent set of beliefs that offers a comprehensive political program
Majoritarian
Ideology
Political Identity
Collective action problem: causes
29. An organization that seeks elective office - Currency/instrument: votes
Communism
Sovereignty
Qualitative method
Political Party
30. The use of force by states or non-state actors to achieve political goals
Collective action problem: causes
Nation
Political Violence
Party System
31. The mathematical formula used to allocate the seats according to the vote - Plurality or 'first-past-the-post' - various PR formulas - such as D'Hondt - largest remainders - St. Lague - etc.
Gender as a Category
Economics
Identity
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
32. No or low citizen accountability ('subjects' rather than 'citizens') - Reciprocal relationship between leader and selectorate - Totalitarianism vs. authoritarianism
Culture
Non-democratic regimes
Empirical Knowledge
Method of Inference
33. Utility maximization - Preferences: Comparability/Completeness - Transitivity - Probability - Incomplete information and uncertainty about future - Mathematical modeling
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
Revolution
Science
Three types of Political Organization
34. Basically - synonymous for statistical method - Large numbers of observational data - 'Control' for confounding factors
Collective action problem: causes
Quantitative
Why States/Governments
Constitution
35. Concentration vs. dispersal of power
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36. Historical origins. Failure of liberalism to address shortcomings of capitalist industrialization; Marx - Central assumption: All persons are of equal value - but they cannot develop themselves alone
Authoritarianism
(Civil) Society
Socialism
Transition
37. Territorial monopoly over the legitimate use of force. Refers to the government + the people + the territory ('the country')
Identity
Authoritarianism
District Magnitude
State
38. A systematic study of the structures of two or more political systems (such as those of Britain and the People's Republic of China) to achieve an understanding of how different societies manage the realities of governing. Also considered are politica
International Relations
Civic Engagement
Comparative Government
State
39. Political parties - Interest groups - Social movements
Constitution
Social Movements: Causes
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
Three types of Political Organization
40. A basic plan that outlines the structure and functions of the national government. Clearly rooted in Western political thought - it sets limits on government and protects both property and individual rights.
Constitution
Madison's dilemma
classic Liberalism
Primordialism
41. Tactics An organization that seeks to influence government through 'contentious' or 'disruptive' politics - Currency/instrument: show of force - numbers - brinkmanship - Organization A (non-hierarchical) network of organizations and individuals worki
Participation
Science
Regime type
Social Movements
42. A civil war (...) in which one party is the state - the insurgents win - the insurgents have a lot of popular support - and the insurgents implement 'wholesale political change'
Revolution
Primordialism
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
Why States/Governments
43. A formal document that sets up the basic rules of the political game
Constitution
Identity
Solidarity
Method of Inference
44. Public administration (civil service). All (non-military) government workers not elected to their posts - but hired (United States beginning in 1880s)
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
political equality
Bureaucracy
International Relations
45. You see a puzzle - You come up with a potential explanation (a 'theory') - You test it with evidence (data drawn from the 5 senses) - You share the results with others and get their feedback - Repeat steps 2 through 4 until you publish
Economics
Method of Inference
Empirical Knowledge
State
46. Efficiency vs. representativeness
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47. Basically - density and quality of civil society
Social Movements
Non-democratic regimes
Regime type
Civic Engagement
48. America's two ideologies (Liberal and Conservative) are two versions of classic liberalism
Unicameral Legislature
classic Liberalism
Participation
Political Party
49. State of nature (collective action problem) - Hobbes' solution: the social contract
Conservatism
Why States/Governments
Gender as a Process
Fascism
50. Hypotheses based on what has been observed.
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
Social Movements: Causes
Observational Laws