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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Political Science
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Subjects
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clep
,
political-science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. (Voluntary) allocation (production and distribution) of goods and services
Economics
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
Social Movements
Political Science
2. Basically - synonymous for statistical method - Large numbers of observational data - 'Control' for confounding factors
Quantitative
(Civil) Society
Civic Engagement
Qualitative method
3. Historical origins. Failure of liberalism to address shortcomings of capitalist industrialization; Marx - Central assumption: All persons are of equal value - but they cannot develop themselves alone
Ideology
Socialism
Conservatism
Criticisms of Rational Choice
4. Selective incentives - Small group size - Social (solidary) incentives - Homogeneity - Others? Duty and altruism? Love?
Civic Engagement
Collective action problem: Solutions
Theories
Political Identity
5. Identities are malleable - and anything can become politicized. Struggles to explain fundamental patterns in political identity or their grasp on our souls. Can't really explain which identities become politicized either
Method of Inference
Constructivism
Consolidation
Political Science
6. Traditionally measured as capacity and autonomy
Constitution
Quantitative
State Strength
Gender as a Category
7. A subset of culture - based on our ability to attach labels to ourselves and others - or to define ourselves in terms of the groups we belong to - Some political examples: Partisan identity - Class identity - Ethnic identity - National identity
Bureaucracy
Identity
Significance of Collective action problem
Observational Laws
8. A basic plan that outlines the structure and functions of the national government. Clearly rooted in Western political thought - it sets limits on government and protects both property and individual rights.
classic Liberalism
Political Violence
Nation
Constitution
9. Efficiency vs. representativeness
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10. The use of force by states or non-state actors to achieve political goals
Democracy
Political Violence
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Civic Engagement
11. Force + Legitimacy
Liberalism
Authority
Majoritarian
Solidarity
12. A political organization that primarily uses lobbying - Currency/instrument: money - information - numbers
Participation
Interest Groups
Political Theory
Collective action problem: causes
13. Individual rationality does not always lead to collective rationality - Walking on the grass - Policy implementation is problematic - Voting; protests; interest groups; etc. are underprovided (Olson's point)
Significance of Collective action problem
State
Theories
State Strength
14. Situation where all fully qualified citizens have an equal say
Identity
Participation
Revolution
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
15. Also known as interpersonal trust & tolerance
Solidarity
Advantages of Social Movements
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Authoritarianism
16. Political violence by non-state actors against civilian targets
Terrorism
Authoritarianism
Three types of Political Organization
Party System
17. it works better in the long run - less risk/variability
Socialism
Quantitative
Theories
Utilitarian Justification
18. The making of collectively binding decisions
Politics
Three types of Political Organization
Social Movements
Participation
19. An organization that seeks elective office - Currency/instrument: votes
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
Science
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
Political Party
20. The opportunity to choose among alternative candidates and positions
(Civil) Society
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
Contestation
Criticisms of Rational Choice
21. America's two ideologies (Liberal and Conservative) are two versions of classic liberalism
Ideology
Communism
classic Liberalism
Bureaucracy
22. when you must get a minimum percent of votes to have your votes count or (sometimes) to retain your party registration
Threshold
Primordialism
Advantages of Social Movements
State
23. You see a puzzle - You come up with a potential explanation (a 'theory') - You test it with evidence (data drawn from the 5 senses) - You share the results with others and get their feedback - Repeat steps 2 through 4 until you publish
State Strength
Regime type
Method of Inference
Threshold
24. Hypotheses based on what has been observed.
Bureaucracy
Party System
Observational Laws
Social Movements
25. Shorter-lived - Slightly less repressive - Ideology not so clear - In favor of capitalism - though with state involvement - Based more on Social Darwinism/racism/nationlsm - Conservatism run amok?
Fascism
Observational Laws
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
26. Shared sets of meanings
Consensual
Conservatism
Culture
Authoritarianism
27. Hard to amass resources (money and information) - Short-lived - The dilemma of formalization
Gender as a Process
Why States/Governments
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
28. The mathematical formula used to allocate the seats according to the vote - Plurality or 'first-past-the-post' - various PR formulas - such as D'Hondt - largest remainders - St. Lague - etc.
Solidarity
Gender as a Category
Authoritarianism
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
29. Public vs. private goods - Non-exclusivity. The owner can't deny access - Inexhaustability. The good is never used up - Jointness of supply. Its existence depends on our combined contribution; truly 'collective' - Free riding. We generally fail to co
Politics
Consolidation
Threshold
Collective action problem: causes
30. No or low citizen accountability ('subjects' rather than 'citizens') - Reciprocal relationship between leader and selectorate - Totalitarianism vs. authoritarianism
Party System
(Civil) Society
Non-democratic regimes
Social Movements
31. A historical exploration of the major contributions to political thought from the ancient Greeks to the contemporary theorists. It also involves the philosophical and speculative consideration of the political world.
Comparative Government
Political Identity
Political Theory
Solidarity
32. The set of relationships among parties in a country - Often categorized by the effective number of parties.
Threshold
Party System
Constitution
Observational Laws
33. Basically - density and quality of civil society
Interest Groups
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
Fascism
Civic Engagement
34. Territorial monopoly over the legitimate use of force. Refers to the government + the people + the territory ('the country')
Contestation
State
Sovereignty
Regime type
35. About agency: we deserve freedom and need to be held meaningfully accountable
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
Communism
Classic Liberal Argument
Political Science
36. A non-meritocratic system in which jobs and contracts are distributed according to partisan support - (The U.S. 'spoils system' of the 19th century')
International Relations
Non-democratic regimes
Gender as a Category
Patronage
37. Energy or righteous zeal wins large numbers of participants - Nimble in framing issues and changing tactics
Terrorism
Advantages of Social Movements
Significance of Collective action problem
Political Identity
38. Describes the principal characteristics of what has been studied.
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Socialism
Political Theory
Observational/Evidential
39. Situation of stability - no party has incentive and ability to undermine the regime (Causes: cultural or economice - or military culture) - (Int'l Factors: U.S. foreign policy - Soviet foreign policy - Changes to Catholic doctrine - EU accession - G
Constructivism
Advantages of Social Movements
Subfields of Political Science
Consolidation
40. A political system controlled by rulers who deny popular participation in government
Non-democratic regimes
Ideology
Politics
Authoritarianism
41. A formal document that sets up the basic rules of the political game
Science
Constitution
Collective action problem: causes
Why States/Governments
42. how many seats are allotted to each electoral district
District Magnitude
Nation
Primordialism
Advantages of Social Movements
43. Concentration vs. dispersal of power
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44. An identity-based community - where the identity is strong enough that we think we should probably be sovereign...
Nation
Bureaucracy
Collective action problem: causes
Method of Inference
45. Think of this as gender as outcome; what factors - esp. political ones - lead to changes in gender roles? Key finding: politics does matter - especially who has an organized voice. Formal rules - number/identity of parties - etc.
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
Collective action problem: Solutions
(Civil) Society
Gender as a Process
46. A consideration of how nations interact with each other within the frameworks of law - diplomacy - and international organizations such as the United Nations.
Primordialism
International Relations
Revolution
Politics
47. Process tracing through case studies. Requires a well-developed theory and minute examination ('process tracing')
Qualitative method
Collective action problem: causes
Social Movements: Causes
Regime type
48. A government with a one house legislature.
Socialism
Party System
Unicameral Legislature
Empirical Knowledge
49. Utility: self-interest - but what constitutes self-interest? Material self-interest? Economics - Politics. Example: vote maximization - The gospel Failures of rationality - Really incomplete information & satisfaction - Intransitivity and other cogni
Collective action problem: causes
Ideology
Criticisms of Rational Choice
Political Factors of Strong States
50. State of nature (collective action problem) - Hobbes' solution: the social contract
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
Authority
Democracy
Why States/Governments