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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Political Science
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Subjects
:
clep
,
political-science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A subset of culture - based on our ability to attach labels to ourselves and others - or to define ourselves in terms of the groups we belong to - Some political examples: Partisan identity - Class identity - Ethnic identity - National identity
Party System
Socialism
Observational Laws
Identity
2. how many seats are allotted to each electoral district
Classic Liberal Argument
District Magnitude
Sovereignty
Party System
3. Any identity that significantly shapes our political decisions
Transition
District Magnitude
Observational Laws
Political Identity
4. A political organization that primarily uses lobbying - Currency/instrument: money - information - numbers
Interest Groups
Qualitative method
Authoritarianism
Gender as a Category
5. The opportunity to choose among alternative candidates and positions
Patronage
Method of Inference
Political Factors of Strong States
Contestation
6. A consideration of how nations interact with each other within the frameworks of law - diplomacy - and international organizations such as the United Nations.
Political Theory
Madison's dilemma
Science
International Relations
7. The identities that can become political are those formed very early in life or perhaps vaguely racial/genetic. Struggles to explain (rapid) cultural change - or which identities become politicized
political equality
Nation
Primordialism
Authority
8. Utility maximization - Preferences: Comparability/Completeness - Transitivity - Probability - Incomplete information and uncertainty about future - Mathematical modeling
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
Qualitative method
Economics
Bureaucracy
9. A systematic study of the structures of two or more political systems (such as those of Britain and the People's Republic of China) to achieve an understanding of how different societies manage the realities of governing. Also considered are politica
Comparative Government
Social Movements: Causes
State
Three types of Political Organization
10. (Voluntary) allocation (production and distribution) of goods and services
State
Politics
Economics
Authority
11. The set of relationships among parties in a country - Often categorized by the effective number of parties.
Participation
Party System
Theories
Political Party
12. Compiling a body of data based on direct observation that can be utilized both to explain what has been observed and to form valid generalizations.
Political Violence
Madison's dilemma
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
Empirical Knowledge
13. 19th - in the United States and Western Europe.
Majoritarian
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
Revolution
International Relations
14. State of nature (collective action problem) - Hobbes' solution: the social contract
classic Liberalism
Party System
Why States/Governments
Social Movements
15. it works better in the long run - less risk/variability
Utilitarian Justification
Party System
Solidarity
Totalitarianism
16. No or low citizen accountability ('subjects' rather than 'citizens') - Reciprocal relationship between leader and selectorate - Totalitarianism vs. authoritarianism
Revolution
Terrorism
Politics
Non-democratic regimes
17. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Judicial Review - Number of chambers: bicameral - Federalism: Federal
(Civil) Society
Political Theory
Consensual
Qualitative method
18. A formal document that sets up the basic rules of the political game
Constitution
Sovereignty
Threshold
Utilitarian Justification
19. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Parliamentary supremacy - Number of chambers: Unicameral/weak bicameral - Federalism: Unitary
Participation
Majoritarian
Consensual
Theories
20. A historical exploration of the major contributions to political thought from the ancient Greeks to the contemporary theorists. It also involves the philosophical and speculative consideration of the political world.
Liberalism
Non-democratic regimes
Advantages of Social Movements
Political Theory
21. Political parties - Interest groups - Social movements
Threshold
Fascism
Three types of Political Organization
Observational Laws
22. Situation of stability - no party has incentive and ability to undermine the regime (Causes: cultural or economice - or military culture) - (Int'l Factors: U.S. foreign policy - Soviet foreign policy - Changes to Catholic doctrine - EU accession - G
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
Economics
Consolidation
Fascism
23. Basically - synonymous for statistical method - Large numbers of observational data - 'Control' for confounding factors
Three types of Political Organization
Quantitative
Totalitarianism
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
24. monopoly over the legitimate use of force
Constructivism
Regime type
Sovereignty
Civic Engagement
25. Utility: self-interest - but what constitutes self-interest? Material self-interest? Economics - Politics. Example: vote maximization - The gospel Failures of rationality - Really incomplete information & satisfaction - Intransitivity and other cogni
Consolidation
Regime type
Totalitarianism
Criticisms of Rational Choice
26. About agency: we deserve freedom and need to be held meaningfully accountable
Political Theory
Classic Liberal Argument
Sovereignty
Observational/Evidential
27. Efficiency vs. representativeness
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28. Think of this as gender as outcome; what factors - esp. political ones - lead to changes in gender roles? Key finding: politics does matter - especially who has an organized voice. Formal rules - number/identity of parties - etc.
Gender as a Process
Terrorism
Interest Groups
(Civil) Society
29. Energy or righteous zeal wins large numbers of participants - Nimble in framing issues and changing tactics
Advantages of Social Movements
Constitution
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
Collective action problem: causes
30. Political violence by non-state actors against civilian targets
Significance of Collective action problem
Terrorism
Comparative Government
Political Science
31. A government with a one house legislature.
Unicameral Legislature
Totalitarianism
Why States/Governments
District Magnitude
32. Long-lived - Extreme lack of social pluralism - Well-defined ideology - Against capitalism - Based on Marxist arguments about class solidarity - economic determinism - Socialism run amok?
Authority
Social Movements
Madison's dilemma
Communism
33. Historical origins. Failure of liberalism to address shortcomings of capitalist industrialization; Marx - Central assumption: All persons are of equal value - but they cannot develop themselves alone
Quantitative
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
Socialism
Unicameral Legislature
34. Identities are malleable - and anything can become politicized. Struggles to explain fundamental patterns in political identity or their grasp on our souls. Can't really explain which identities become politicized either
Political Science
Threshold
Constructivism
Criticisms of Rational Choice
35. A basic plan that outlines the structure and functions of the national government. Clearly rooted in Western political thought - it sets limits on government and protects both property and individual rights.
Party System
Advantages of Social Movements
Nation
Constitution
36. Use of method of inference to create generalizeable explanations
Science
Terrorism
Constitution
Observational Laws
37. You see a puzzle - You come up with a potential explanation (a 'theory') - You test it with evidence (data drawn from the 5 senses) - You share the results with others and get their feedback - Repeat steps 2 through 4 until you publish
Authoritarianism
Method of Inference
Identity
political equality
38. In social movements - rational choice and culture come together - Culture: the sense of a righteous - popular will that has been subverted ('framing'/'grievance') - Motivates collective action - But also determines the choice of organization and tact
Political Science
Totalitarianism
Democracy
Social Movements: Causes
39. A consciously derived - coherent set of beliefs that offers a comprehensive political program
Totalitarianism
Political Violence
Economics
Ideology
40. Selective incentives - Small group size - Social (solidary) incentives - Homogeneity - Others? Duty and altruism? Love?
Communism
Collective action problem: Solutions
Unicameral Legislature
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
41. Force + Legitimacy
Authority
Significance of Collective action problem
Political Science
Revolution
42. The use of force by states or non-state actors to achieve political goals
Political Violence
State
Socialism
Political Science
43. Public vs. private goods - Non-exclusivity. The owner can't deny access - Inexhaustability. The good is never used up - Jointness of supply. Its existence depends on our combined contribution; truly 'collective' - Free riding. We generally fail to co
Political Theory
Collective action problem: causes
Identity
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
44. Public administration (civil service). All (non-military) government workers not elected to their posts - but hired (United States beginning in 1880s)
Observational/Evidential
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Bureaucracy
Collective action problem: Solutions
45. Also known as interpersonal trust & tolerance
Comparative Government
Gender as a Category
Method of Inference
Solidarity
46. when you must get a minimum percent of votes to have your votes count or (sometimes) to retain your party registration
Threshold
Political Theory
Primordialism
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
47. An organization that seeks elective office - Currency/instrument: votes
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
Quantitative
Non-democratic regimes
Political Party
48. A non-meritocratic system in which jobs and contracts are distributed according to partisan support - (The U.S. 'spoils system' of the 19th century')
Patronage
Observational Laws
Liberalism
Comparative Government
49. Hard to amass resources (money and information) - Short-lived - The dilemma of formalization
Participation
Disadvantages of Social Movements
State Strength
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
50. Warfare and military technology - Economic: development of trade and manufacturing and new financial/fiscal instruments - Cultural: Enlightenment - (There are also Environmental/geographic factors)
Political Factors of Strong States
Consensual
Quantitative
Nation