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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Political Science
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Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
political-science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. (Voluntary) allocation (production and distribution) of goods and services
Nation
Economics
Classic Liberal Argument
Interest Groups
2. A formal document that sets up the basic rules of the political game
State
Constitution
Contestation
Ideology
3. America's two ideologies (Liberal and Conservative) are two versions of classic liberalism
Totalitarianism
Gender as a Process
classic Liberalism
Classic Liberal Argument
4. Efficiency vs. representativeness
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5. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Parliamentary supremacy - Number of chambers: Unicameral/weak bicameral - Federalism: Unitary
Politics
Majoritarian
Socialism
Social Movements
6. The use of force by states or non-state actors to achieve political goals
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Political Factors of Strong States
Political Violence
Subfields of Political Science
7. Monarchies - Single-party regimes - Military regimes - Oligarchies - Theocracies - Personalistic regimes
Revolution
Participation
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Primordialism
8. The opportunity to choose among alternative candidates and positions
Collective action problem: causes
International Relations
Contestation
Criticisms of Rational Choice
9. Utility: self-interest - but what constitutes self-interest? Material self-interest? Economics - Politics. Example: vote maximization - The gospel Failures of rationality - Really incomplete information & satisfaction - Intransitivity and other cogni
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
(Civil) Society
Criticisms of Rational Choice
Observational/Evidential
10. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Judicial Review - Number of chambers: bicameral - Federalism: Federal
political equality
Liberalism
Observational/Evidential
Consensual
11. Compiling a body of data based on direct observation that can be utilized both to explain what has been observed and to form valid generalizations.
Science
Empirical Knowledge
Theories
Criticisms of Rational Choice
12. A political organization that primarily uses lobbying - Currency/instrument: money - information - numbers
Classic Liberal Argument
Interest Groups
Threshold
State Strength
13. Individual rationality does not always lead to collective rationality - Walking on the grass - Policy implementation is problematic - Voting; protests; interest groups; etc. are underprovided (Olson's point)
Party System
Collective action problem: Solutions
Madison's dilemma
Significance of Collective action problem
14. A government with a one house legislature.
Science
Classic Liberal Argument
Unicameral Legislature
Collective action problem: Solutions
15. A civil war (...) in which one party is the state - the insurgents win - the insurgents have a lot of popular support - and the insurgents implement 'wholesale political change'
Collective action problem: causes
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Revolution
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
16. No or low citizen accountability ('subjects' rather than 'citizens') - Reciprocal relationship between leader and selectorate - Totalitarianism vs. authoritarianism
Non-democratic regimes
Comparative Government
Collective action problem: causes
Transition
17. Historical origins. A reaction to liberalism - Central assumption: 'The highest good of society [is] the maintenance of ordered community and of common values' (p. 28) One of the 3 big idealogies
Quantitative
Conservatism
Gender as a Process
Consolidation
18. Tactics An organization that seeks to influence government through 'contentious' or 'disruptive' politics - Currency/instrument: show of force - numbers - brinkmanship - Organization A (non-hierarchical) network of organizations and individuals worki
Madison's dilemma
Empirical Knowledge
Social Movements
Significance of Collective action problem
19. Think of this as 'gender as cause'. Gender roles change and/or mix of women in politics changes; what is the consequence? Key finding: having more women in public office changes the policy agenda - i.e. - more focus on women's issues
Collective action problem: Solutions
Fascism
Political Violence
Gender as a Category
20. equality in political decision making: one vote per person - with all votes counted equally
political equality
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
Primordialism
Method of Inference
21. Public administration (civil service). All (non-military) government workers not elected to their posts - but hired (United States beginning in 1880s)
Observational Laws
Bureaucracy
Authoritarianism
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
22. it works better in the long run - less risk/variability
Utilitarian Justification
Identity
Subfields of Political Science
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
23. A consciously derived - coherent set of beliefs that offers a comprehensive political program
Ideology
Socialism
Civic Engagement
Theories
24. Any identity that significantly shapes our political decisions
Significance of Collective action problem
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
Political Identity
Collective action problem: causes
25. monopoly over the legitimate use of force
Sovereignty
Constructivism
Identity
(Civil) Society
26. Ideology An ideology that seeks the active reshaping of minds of individuals and believes this can/must be done by force - Coercive mobilization - No social or political pluralism
Totalitarianism
Identity
Consensual
Terrorism
27. Regime where the rulers are accountable to the ruled.
Democracy
Sovereignty
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Collective action problem: Solutions
28. A historical exploration of the major contributions to political thought from the ancient Greeks to the contemporary theorists. It also involves the philosophical and speculative consideration of the political world.
Solidarity
Bureaucracy
Political Theory
Observational Laws
29. Shared sets of meanings
Solidarity
Culture
Constructivism
Political Science
30. Public vs. private goods - Non-exclusivity. The owner can't deny access - Inexhaustability. The good is never used up - Jointness of supply. Its existence depends on our combined contribution; truly 'collective' - Free riding. We generally fail to co
Authority
Collective action problem: causes
Social Movements
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
31. Hypotheses based on what has been observed.
Three types of Political Organization
Collective action problem: causes
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Observational Laws
32. Use of method of inference to create generalizeable explanations
political equality
Science
Political Factors of Strong States
Revolution
33. An identity-based community - where the identity is strong enough that we think we should probably be sovereign...
Fascism
Method of Inference
Party System
Nation
34. Energy or righteous zeal wins large numbers of participants - Nimble in framing issues and changing tactics
Subfields of Political Science
Advantages of Social Movements
Unicameral Legislature
Participation
35. You see a puzzle - You come up with a potential explanation (a 'theory') - You test it with evidence (data drawn from the 5 senses) - You share the results with others and get their feedback - Repeat steps 2 through 4 until you publish
Interest Groups
Collective action problem: causes
Economics
Method of Inference
36. A systematic study of the structures of two or more political systems (such as those of Britain and the People's Republic of China) to achieve an understanding of how different societies manage the realities of governing. Also considered are politica
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
Comparative Government
Political Factors of Strong States
Consensual
37. 19th - in the United States and Western Europe.
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
political equality
Collective action problem: Solutions
Science
38. A basic plan that outlines the structure and functions of the national government. Clearly rooted in Western political thought - it sets limits on government and protects both property and individual rights.
Consensual
State
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Constitution
39. Historical origins. A response to the old feudal order and the rise of modern capitalism - 'The highest good of society [is] the ability of the members of that society to develop their individual capacities to the fullest extent' (p. 26) One of the 3
Party System
Liberalism
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
Conservatism
40. An organization that seeks elective office - Currency/instrument: votes
Political Party
Criticisms of Rational Choice
Economics
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
41. Think of this as gender as outcome; what factors - esp. political ones - lead to changes in gender roles? Key finding: politics does matter - especially who has an organized voice. Formal rules - number/identity of parties - etc.
Observational Laws
Observational/Evidential
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
Gender as a Process
42. Force + Legitimacy
Authority
Solidarity
Observational Laws
State
43. Situation where all fully qualified citizens have an equal say
Why States/Governments
Democracy
Participation
Theories
44. The rules about making the rules - often embodied in a constitution.
Authoritarianism
Comparative Government
Collective action problem: Solutions
Regime type
45. Also known as interpersonal trust & tolerance
Constitution
political equality
Authority
Solidarity
46. Long-lived - Extreme lack of social pluralism - Well-defined ideology - Against capitalism - Based on Marxist arguments about class solidarity - economic determinism - Socialism run amok?
Constitution
Ideology
Communism
Disadvantages of Social Movements
47. Historical origins. Failure of liberalism to address shortcomings of capitalist industrialization; Marx - Central assumption: All persons are of equal value - but they cannot develop themselves alone
Socialism
classic Liberalism
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Revolution
48. how many seats are allotted to each electoral district
District Magnitude
Liberalism
Comparative Government
Consensual
49. Concentration vs. dispersal of power
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50. The set of relationships among parties in a country - Often categorized by the effective number of parties.
(Civil) Society
Contestation
Bureaucracy
Party System