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CLEP Political Science

Subjects : clep, political-science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Regime where the rulers are accountable to the ruled.






2. Identities are malleable - and anything can become politicized. Struggles to explain fundamental patterns in political identity or their grasp on our souls. Can't really explain which identities become politicized either






3. Long-lived - Extreme lack of social pluralism - Well-defined ideology - Against capitalism - Based on Marxist arguments about class solidarity - economic determinism - Socialism run amok?






4. (Voluntary) allocation (production and distribution) of goods and services






5. Energy or righteous zeal wins large numbers of participants - Nimble in framing issues and changing tactics






6. State of nature (collective action problem) - Hobbes' solution: the social contract






7. Shared sets of meanings






8. Warfare and military technology - Economic: development of trade and manufacturing and new financial/fiscal instruments - Cultural: Enlightenment - (There are also Environmental/geographic factors)






9. it works better in the long run - less risk/variability






10. A non-meritocratic system in which jobs and contracts are distributed according to partisan support - (The U.S. 'spoils system' of the 19th century')






11. A consideration of how nations interact with each other within the frameworks of law - diplomacy - and international organizations such as the United Nations.






12. An organization that seeks elective office - Currency/instrument: votes






13. A historical exploration of the major contributions to political thought from the ancient Greeks to the contemporary theorists. It also involves the philosophical and speculative consideration of the political world.






14. Efficiency vs. representativeness

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15. Also known as interpersonal trust & tolerance






16. A subset of culture - based on our ability to attach labels to ourselves and others - or to define ourselves in terms of the groups we belong to - Some political examples: Partisan identity - Class identity - Ethnic identity - National identity






17. Situation where all fully qualified citizens have an equal say






18. Public administration (civil service). All (non-military) government workers not elected to their posts - but hired (United States beginning in 1880s)






19. Political parties - Interest groups - Social movements






20. Selective incentives - Small group size - Social (solidary) incentives - Homogeneity - Others? Duty and altruism? Love?






21. All voluntary associations/all secondary associations






22. 19th - in the United States and Western Europe.






23. The organized study of government and politics. It borrows from the related disciplines of history - philosophy - sociology - economics - and law.






24. A consciously derived - coherent set of beliefs that offers a comprehensive political program






25. Analyzing the data that has been collected and offering plausible general principles that can be drawn from what has been observed.






26. Process tracing through case studies. Requires a well-developed theory and minute examination ('process tracing')






27. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Parliamentary supremacy - Number of chambers: Unicameral/weak bicameral - Federalism: Unitary






28. In social movements - rational choice and culture come together - Culture: the sense of a righteous - popular will that has been subverted ('framing'/'grievance') - Motivates collective action - But also determines the choice of organization and tact






29. Charismatic - Rational-legal - Traditional/patrimonial






30. A civil war (...) in which one party is the state - the insurgents win - the insurgents have a lot of popular support - and the insurgents implement 'wholesale political change'






31. when you must get a minimum percent of votes to have your votes count or (sometimes) to retain your party registration






32. No or low citizen accountability ('subjects' rather than 'citizens') - Reciprocal relationship between leader and selectorate - Totalitarianism vs. authoritarianism






33. Think of this as gender as outcome; what factors - esp. political ones - lead to changes in gender roles? Key finding: politics does matter - especially who has an organized voice. Formal rules - number/identity of parties - etc.






34. A political organization that primarily uses lobbying - Currency/instrument: money - information - numbers






35. A formal document that sets up the basic rules of the political game






36. Basically - density and quality of civil society






37. Situation of stability - no party has incentive and ability to undermine the regime (Causes: cultural or economice - or military culture) - (Int'l Factors: U.S. foreign policy - Soviet foreign policy - Changes to Catholic doctrine - EU accession - G






38. Historical origins. A response to the old feudal order and the rise of modern capitalism - 'The highest good of society [is] the ability of the members of that society to develop their individual capacities to the fullest extent' (p. 26) One of the 3






39. America's two ideologies (Liberal and Conservative) are two versions of classic liberalism






40. Concentration vs. dispersal of power

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41. Hypotheses based on what has been observed.






42. Hard to amass resources (money and information) - Short-lived - The dilemma of formalization






43. A systematic study of the structures of two or more political systems (such as those of Britain and the People's Republic of China) to achieve an understanding of how different societies manage the realities of governing. Also considered are politica






44. how many seats are allotted to each electoral district






45. The identities that can become political are those formed very early in life or perhaps vaguely racial/genetic. Struggles to explain (rapid) cultural change - or which identities become politicized






46. The rules about making the rules - often embodied in a constitution.






47. A political system controlled by rulers who deny popular participation in government






48. Shorter-lived - Slightly less repressive - Ideology not so clear - In favor of capitalism - though with state involvement - Based more on Social Darwinism/racism/nationlsm - Conservatism run amok?






49. The mathematical formula used to allocate the seats according to the vote - Plurality or 'first-past-the-post' - various PR formulas - such as D'Hondt - largest remainders - St. Lague - etc.






50. Utility maximization - Preferences: Comparability/Completeness - Transitivity - Probability - Incomplete information and uncertainty about future - Mathematical modeling