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CLEP Political Science

Subjects : clep, political-science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The organized study of government and politics. It borrows from the related disciplines of history - philosophy - sociology - economics - and law.






2. Use of method of inference to create generalizeable explanations






3. Shared sets of meanings






4. A political system controlled by rulers who deny popular participation in government






5. Territorial monopoly over the legitimate use of force. Refers to the government + the people + the territory ('the country')






6. Comparative Politics - International Relations - American Politics - (normative) theory or Political Philosophy






7. An organization that seeks elective office - Currency/instrument: votes






8. America's two ideologies (Liberal and Conservative) are two versions of classic liberalism






9. About agency: we deserve freedom and need to be held meaningfully accountable






10. (Voluntary) allocation (production and distribution) of goods and services






11. it works better in the long run - less risk/variability






12. equality in political decision making: one vote per person - with all votes counted equally






13. The opportunity to choose among alternative candidates and positions






14. Basically - synonymous for statistical method - Large numbers of observational data - 'Control' for confounding factors






15. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Parliamentary supremacy - Number of chambers: Unicameral/weak bicameral - Federalism: Unitary






16. Ideology An ideology that seeks the active reshaping of minds of individuals and believes this can/must be done by force - Coercive mobilization - No social or political pluralism






17. Hard to amass resources (money and information) - Short-lived - The dilemma of formalization






18. how many seats are allotted to each electoral district






19. A non-meritocratic system in which jobs and contracts are distributed according to partisan support - (The U.S. 'spoils system' of the 19th century')






20. A subset of culture - based on our ability to attach labels to ourselves and others - or to define ourselves in terms of the groups we belong to - Some political examples: Partisan identity - Class identity - Ethnic identity - National identity






21. Think of this as 'gender as cause'. Gender roles change and/or mix of women in politics changes; what is the consequence? Key finding: having more women in public office changes the policy agenda - i.e. - more focus on women's issues






22. You see a puzzle - You come up with a potential explanation (a 'theory') - You test it with evidence (data drawn from the 5 senses) - You share the results with others and get their feedback - Repeat steps 2 through 4 until you publish






23. Basically - density and quality of civil society






24. No or low citizen accountability ('subjects' rather than 'citizens') - Reciprocal relationship between leader and selectorate - Totalitarianism vs. authoritarianism






25. The making of collectively binding decisions






26. In social movements - rational choice and culture come together - Culture: the sense of a righteous - popular will that has been subverted ('framing'/'grievance') - Motivates collective action - But also determines the choice of organization and tact






27. The rules about making the rules - often embodied in a constitution.






28. A government with a one house legislature.






29. Situation of stability - no party has incentive and ability to undermine the regime (Causes: cultural or economice - or military culture) - (Int'l Factors: U.S. foreign policy - Soviet foreign policy - Changes to Catholic doctrine - EU accession - G






30. Compiling a body of data based on direct observation that can be utilized both to explain what has been observed and to form valid generalizations.






31. Efficiency vs. representativeness

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32. Also known as interpersonal trust & tolerance






33. Historical origins. Failure of liberalism to address shortcomings of capitalist industrialization; Marx - Central assumption: All persons are of equal value - but they cannot develop themselves alone






34. An identity-based community - where the identity is strong enough that we think we should probably be sovereign...






35. Public administration (civil service). All (non-military) government workers not elected to their posts - but hired (United States beginning in 1880s)






36. Regime where the rulers are accountable to the ruled.






37. Think of this as gender as outcome; what factors - esp. political ones - lead to changes in gender roles? Key finding: politics does matter - especially who has an organized voice. Formal rules - number/identity of parties - etc.






38. A consideration of how nations interact with each other within the frameworks of law - diplomacy - and international organizations such as the United Nations.






39. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Judicial Review - Number of chambers: bicameral - Federalism: Federal






40. A civil war (...) in which one party is the state - the insurgents win - the insurgents have a lot of popular support - and the insurgents implement 'wholesale political change'






41. 19th - in the United States and Western Europe.






42. Situation where all fully qualified citizens have an equal say






43. Political violence by non-state actors against civilian targets






44. Historical origins. A reaction to liberalism - Central assumption: 'The highest good of society [is] the maintenance of ordered community and of common values' (p. 28) One of the 3 big idealogies






45. Process or moment of changing from one regime type to another Ex: Arab Springs (Causes: cultural or economice - or military culture) - (int'l factors: U.S. foreign policy - Soviet foreign policy - Changes to Catholic doctrine - EU accession - Globali






46. Process tracing through case studies. Requires a well-developed theory and minute examination ('process tracing')






47. Warfare and military technology - Economic: development of trade and manufacturing and new financial/fiscal instruments - Cultural: Enlightenment - (There are also Environmental/geographic factors)






48. Tactics An organization that seeks to influence government through 'contentious' or 'disruptive' politics - Currency/instrument: show of force - numbers - brinkmanship - Organization A (non-hierarchical) network of organizations and individuals worki






49. Public vs. private goods - Non-exclusivity. The owner can't deny access - Inexhaustability. The good is never used up - Jointness of supply. Its existence depends on our combined contribution; truly 'collective' - Free riding. We generally fail to co






50. Energy or righteous zeal wins large numbers of participants - Nimble in framing issues and changing tactics







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