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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Political Science
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
political-science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Political parties - Interest groups - Social movements
Party System
Political Identity
Three types of Political Organization
Observational/Evidential
2. (Voluntary) allocation (production and distribution) of goods and services
Economics
Method of Inference
Significance of Collective action problem
Utilitarian Justification
3. A civil war (...) in which one party is the state - the insurgents win - the insurgents have a lot of popular support - and the insurgents implement 'wholesale political change'
Significance of Collective action problem
Unicameral Legislature
Revolution
Political Identity
4. A formal document that sets up the basic rules of the political game
Constitution
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
Observational Laws
Economics
5. Energy or righteous zeal wins large numbers of participants - Nimble in framing issues and changing tactics
Patronage
Advantages of Social Movements
Political Identity
Fascism
6. State of nature (collective action problem) - Hobbes' solution: the social contract
Party System
Politics
Gender as a Category
Why States/Governments
7. Also known as interpersonal trust & tolerance
Solidarity
Comparative Government
State Strength
Liberalism
8. Selective incentives - Small group size - Social (solidary) incentives - Homogeneity - Others? Duty and altruism? Love?
Gender as a Category
Criticisms of Rational Choice
Subfields of Political Science
Collective action problem: Solutions
9. About agency: we deserve freedom and need to be held meaningfully accountable
Method of Inference
classic Liberalism
Transition
Classic Liberal Argument
10. The mathematical formula used to allocate the seats according to the vote - Plurality or 'first-past-the-post' - various PR formulas - such as D'Hondt - largest remainders - St. Lague - etc.
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
Patronage
Terrorism
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
11. Identities are malleable - and anything can become politicized. Struggles to explain fundamental patterns in political identity or their grasp on our souls. Can't really explain which identities become politicized either
Classic Liberal Argument
Quantitative
Constructivism
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
12. A systematic study of the structures of two or more political systems (such as those of Britain and the People's Republic of China) to achieve an understanding of how different societies manage the realities of governing. Also considered are politica
Comparative Government
Primordialism
Gender as a Process
International Relations
13. when you must get a minimum percent of votes to have your votes count or (sometimes) to retain your party registration
Threshold
Constitution
Constitution
Consolidation
14. Efficiency vs. representativeness
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15. Force + Legitimacy
Political Party
Political Identity
Authority
Patronage
16. Hard to amass resources (money and information) - Short-lived - The dilemma of formalization
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Threshold
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
Non-democratic regimes
17. Territorial monopoly over the legitimate use of force. Refers to the government + the people + the territory ('the country')
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
State
Threshold
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
18. Warfare and military technology - Economic: development of trade and manufacturing and new financial/fiscal instruments - Cultural: Enlightenment - (There are also Environmental/geographic factors)
Political Violence
Socialism
Political Factors of Strong States
political equality
19. Historical origins. Failure of liberalism to address shortcomings of capitalist industrialization; Marx - Central assumption: All persons are of equal value - but they cannot develop themselves alone
Why States/Governments
Socialism
Significance of Collective action problem
Utilitarian Justification
20. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Judicial Review - Number of chambers: bicameral - Federalism: Federal
Science
Collective action problem: Solutions
Consensual
Collective action problem: causes
21. Analyzing the data that has been collected and offering plausible general principles that can be drawn from what has been observed.
Criticisms of Rational Choice
Theories
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Non-democratic regimes
22. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Parliamentary supremacy - Number of chambers: Unicameral/weak bicameral - Federalism: Unitary
Majoritarian
Political Party
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Political Science
23. Hypotheses based on what has been observed.
Solidarity
Observational Laws
Party System
Unicameral Legislature
24. The identities that can become political are those formed very early in life or perhaps vaguely racial/genetic. Struggles to explain (rapid) cultural change - or which identities become politicized
Authoritarianism
Collective action problem: Solutions
Primordialism
Constructivism
25. Situation where all fully qualified citizens have an equal say
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Participation
District Magnitude
Political Science
26. Process tracing through case studies. Requires a well-developed theory and minute examination ('process tracing')
Threshold
(Civil) Society
Qualitative method
Gender as a Category
27. Utility: self-interest - but what constitutes self-interest? Material self-interest? Economics - Politics. Example: vote maximization - The gospel Failures of rationality - Really incomplete information & satisfaction - Intransitivity and other cogni
Criticisms of Rational Choice
Primordialism
Gender as a Process
Terrorism
28. Charismatic - Rational-legal - Traditional/patrimonial
Threshold
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Transition
Political Theory
29. Monarchies - Single-party regimes - Military regimes - Oligarchies - Theocracies - Personalistic regimes
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Classic Liberal Argument
District Magnitude
Theories
30. equality in political decision making: one vote per person - with all votes counted equally
Socialism
Subfields of Political Science
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
political equality
31. The organized study of government and politics. It borrows from the related disciplines of history - philosophy - sociology - economics - and law.
Culture
Political Science
State
Social Movements
32. The rules about making the rules - often embodied in a constitution.
Regime type
Why States/Governments
Fascism
Gender as a Process
33. Basically - synonymous for statistical method - Large numbers of observational data - 'Control' for confounding factors
Quantitative
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
Constitution
Ideology
34. Individual rationality does not always lead to collective rationality - Walking on the grass - Policy implementation is problematic - Voting; protests; interest groups; etc. are underprovided (Olson's point)
District Magnitude
Nation
Communism
Significance of Collective action problem
35. Compiling a body of data based on direct observation that can be utilized both to explain what has been observed and to form valid generalizations.
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
Empirical Knowledge
Authority
Civic Engagement
36. Think of this as 'gender as cause'. Gender roles change and/or mix of women in politics changes; what is the consequence? Key finding: having more women in public office changes the policy agenda - i.e. - more focus on women's issues
Political Identity
Political Violence
Gender as a Category
Contestation
37. A historical exploration of the major contributions to political thought from the ancient Greeks to the contemporary theorists. It also involves the philosophical and speculative consideration of the political world.
classic Liberalism
Constitution
Solidarity
Political Theory
38. Concentration vs. dispersal of power
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39. No or low citizen accountability ('subjects' rather than 'citizens') - Reciprocal relationship between leader and selectorate - Totalitarianism vs. authoritarianism
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
Observational Laws
Comparative Government
Non-democratic regimes
40. The use of force by states or non-state actors to achieve political goals
International Relations
Political Violence
Social Movements
Gender as a Category
41. A consciously derived - coherent set of beliefs that offers a comprehensive political program
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
Ideology
Theories
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
42. A basic plan that outlines the structure and functions of the national government. Clearly rooted in Western political thought - it sets limits on government and protects both property and individual rights.
Constitution
Transition
State Strength
Ideology
43. Shorter-lived - Slightly less repressive - Ideology not so clear - In favor of capitalism - though with state involvement - Based more on Social Darwinism/racism/nationlsm - Conservatism run amok?
Classic Liberal Argument
Fascism
Democracy
Revolution
44. Public vs. private goods - Non-exclusivity. The owner can't deny access - Inexhaustability. The good is never used up - Jointness of supply. Its existence depends on our combined contribution; truly 'collective' - Free riding. We generally fail to co
Political Science
Collective action problem: causes
Bureaucracy
Economics
45. Basically - density and quality of civil society
Civic Engagement
Liberalism
Method of Inference
Identity
46. Regime where the rulers are accountable to the ruled.
Criticisms of Rational Choice
Conservatism
(Civil) Society
Democracy
47. A consideration of how nations interact with each other within the frameworks of law - diplomacy - and international organizations such as the United Nations.
Constitution
Majoritarian
International Relations
Participation
48. Ideology An ideology that seeks the active reshaping of minds of individuals and believes this can/must be done by force - Coercive mobilization - No social or political pluralism
Totalitarianism
Regime type
Why States/Governments
Democracy
49. Political violence by non-state actors against civilian targets
Significance of Collective action problem
Terrorism
Identity
Fascism
50. Traditionally measured as capacity and autonomy
Party System
classic Liberalism
State Strength
Criticisms of Rational Choice