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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Political Science
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Subjects
:
clep
,
political-science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Any identity that significantly shapes our political decisions
Totalitarianism
Majoritarian
Political Identity
Transition
2. The rules about making the rules - often embodied in a constitution.
Political Violence
(Civil) Society
Authoritarianism
Regime type
3. Shorter-lived - Slightly less repressive - Ideology not so clear - In favor of capitalism - though with state involvement - Based more on Social Darwinism/racism/nationlsm - Conservatism run amok?
Subfields of Political Science
Socialism
Fascism
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
4. (Voluntary) allocation (production and distribution) of goods and services
Constitution
Economics
classic Liberalism
Comparative Government
5. Public administration (civil service). All (non-military) government workers not elected to their posts - but hired (United States beginning in 1880s)
Advantages of Social Movements
Bureaucracy
Primordialism
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
6. A consideration of how nations interact with each other within the frameworks of law - diplomacy - and international organizations such as the United Nations.
Political Identity
classic Liberalism
Political Factors of Strong States
International Relations
7. The opportunity to choose among alternative candidates and positions
Contestation
Threshold
Participation
Liberalism
8. Energy or righteous zeal wins large numbers of participants - Nimble in framing issues and changing tactics
Constructivism
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
Advantages of Social Movements
Solidarity
9. A political organization that primarily uses lobbying - Currency/instrument: money - information - numbers
Conservatism
Interest Groups
Madison's dilemma
Utilitarian Justification
10. Analyzing the data that has been collected and offering plausible general principles that can be drawn from what has been observed.
Constitution
Theories
Madison's dilemma
Method of Inference
11. Traditionally measured as capacity and autonomy
State Strength
political equality
District Magnitude
Empirical Knowledge
12. Charismatic - Rational-legal - Traditional/patrimonial
Politics
Constitution
Subfields of Political Science
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
13. Selective incentives - Small group size - Social (solidary) incentives - Homogeneity - Others? Duty and altruism? Love?
Identity
Nation
Collective action problem: Solutions
Collective action problem: causes
14. Concentration vs. dispersal of power
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15. Situation of stability - no party has incentive and ability to undermine the regime (Causes: cultural or economice - or military culture) - (Int'l Factors: U.S. foreign policy - Soviet foreign policy - Changes to Catholic doctrine - EU accession - G
Consolidation
Science
(Civil) Society
Constitution
16. Monarchies - Single-party regimes - Military regimes - Oligarchies - Theocracies - Personalistic regimes
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Politics
Method of Inference
Majoritarian
17. America's two ideologies (Liberal and Conservative) are two versions of classic liberalism
Gender as a Category
classic Liberalism
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Civic Engagement
18. it works better in the long run - less risk/variability
Utilitarian Justification
Consensual
Interest Groups
Observational/Evidential
19. The set of relationships among parties in a country - Often categorized by the effective number of parties.
Non-democratic regimes
Constructivism
Party System
Collective action problem: causes
20. An organization that seeks elective office - Currency/instrument: votes
Political Factors of Strong States
Political Party
Totalitarianism
Political Violence
21. State of nature (collective action problem) - Hobbes' solution: the social contract
Revolution
classic Liberalism
Political Theory
Why States/Governments
22. Regime where the rulers are accountable to the ruled.
Political Violence
Empirical Knowledge
Why States/Governments
Democracy
23. Individual rationality does not always lead to collective rationality - Walking on the grass - Policy implementation is problematic - Voting; protests; interest groups; etc. are underprovided (Olson's point)
political equality
Party System
Significance of Collective action problem
Three types of Political Organization
24. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Parliamentary supremacy - Number of chambers: Unicameral/weak bicameral - Federalism: Unitary
Majoritarian
Political Factors of Strong States
Quantitative
(Civil) Society
25. Long-lived - Extreme lack of social pluralism - Well-defined ideology - Against capitalism - Based on Marxist arguments about class solidarity - economic determinism - Socialism run amok?
Three types of Political Organization
Constructivism
Communism
Political Theory
26. Basically - density and quality of civil society
Culture
Majoritarian
Civic Engagement
Gender as a Category
27. Compiling a body of data based on direct observation that can be utilized both to explain what has been observed and to form valid generalizations.
(Civil) Society
Empirical Knowledge
Political Violence
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
28. Basically - synonymous for statistical method - Large numbers of observational data - 'Control' for confounding factors
Quantitative
Collective action problem: Solutions
Threshold
Constitution
29. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Judicial Review - Number of chambers: bicameral - Federalism: Federal
Revolution
Consensual
Party System
Madison's dilemma
30. Efficiency vs. representativeness
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31. Hard to amass resources (money and information) - Short-lived - The dilemma of formalization
Revolution
Method of Inference
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Authoritarianism
32. A government with a one house legislature.
Classic Liberal Argument
Consolidation
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
Unicameral Legislature
33. Historical origins. Failure of liberalism to address shortcomings of capitalist industrialization; Marx - Central assumption: All persons are of equal value - but they cannot develop themselves alone
Socialism
Patronage
Democracy
Comparative Government
34. Hypotheses based on what has been observed.
Non-democratic regimes
Unicameral Legislature
Observational Laws
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
35. Territorial monopoly over the legitimate use of force. Refers to the government + the people + the territory ('the country')
State
Political Science
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Social Movements
36. Identities are malleable - and anything can become politicized. Struggles to explain fundamental patterns in political identity or their grasp on our souls. Can't really explain which identities become politicized either
Constructivism
Threshold
Political Violence
Consensual
37. An identity-based community - where the identity is strong enough that we think we should probably be sovereign...
Nation
Madison's dilemma
Social Movements
Constructivism
38. Process tracing through case studies. Requires a well-developed theory and minute examination ('process tracing')
Quantitative
Qualitative method
Totalitarianism
Patronage
39. Utility maximization - Preferences: Comparability/Completeness - Transitivity - Probability - Incomplete information and uncertainty about future - Mathematical modeling
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
Science
Classic Liberal Argument
Non-democratic regimes
40. Utility: self-interest - but what constitutes self-interest? Material self-interest? Economics - Politics. Example: vote maximization - The gospel Failures of rationality - Really incomplete information & satisfaction - Intransitivity and other cogni
Consensual
Criticisms of Rational Choice
Constitution
Subfields of Political Science
41. In social movements - rational choice and culture come together - Culture: the sense of a righteous - popular will that has been subverted ('framing'/'grievance') - Motivates collective action - But also determines the choice of organization and tact
Social Movements: Causes
political equality
Democracy
Constructivism
42. equality in political decision making: one vote per person - with all votes counted equally
Three types of Political Organization
political equality
Theories
Social Movements: Causes
43. how many seats are allotted to each electoral district
Revolution
Social Movements: Causes
District Magnitude
Political Science
44. A subset of culture - based on our ability to attach labels to ourselves and others - or to define ourselves in terms of the groups we belong to - Some political examples: Partisan identity - Class identity - Ethnic identity - National identity
Constitution
Identity
Civic Engagement
District Magnitude
45. Think of this as gender as outcome; what factors - esp. political ones - lead to changes in gender roles? Key finding: politics does matter - especially who has an organized voice. Formal rules - number/identity of parties - etc.
Why States/Governments
Gender as a Process
Sovereignty
Disadvantages of Social Movements
46. Historical origins. A response to the old feudal order and the rise of modern capitalism - 'The highest good of society [is] the ability of the members of that society to develop their individual capacities to the fullest extent' (p. 26) One of the 3
Constructivism
Civic Engagement
Collective action problem: causes
Liberalism
47. You see a puzzle - You come up with a potential explanation (a 'theory') - You test it with evidence (data drawn from the 5 senses) - You share the results with others and get their feedback - Repeat steps 2 through 4 until you publish
Interest Groups
Bureaucracy
Method of Inference
Constructivism
48. A systematic study of the structures of two or more political systems (such as those of Britain and the People's Republic of China) to achieve an understanding of how different societies manage the realities of governing. Also considered are politica
Collective action problem: causes
Empirical Knowledge
Comparative Government
Constitution
49. A civil war (...) in which one party is the state - the insurgents win - the insurgents have a lot of popular support - and the insurgents implement 'wholesale political change'
Revolution
Socialism
Identity
Observational/Evidential
50. Use of method of inference to create generalizeable explanations
Science
Terrorism
Patronage
Observational Laws