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CLEP Political Science
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Subjects
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clep
,
political-science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Traditionally measured as capacity and autonomy
Authority
Subfields of Political Science
State Strength
Constitution
2. Hypotheses based on what has been observed.
Regime type
Significance of Collective action problem
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
Observational Laws
3. Political parties - Interest groups - Social movements
Three types of Political Organization
Threshold
Socialism
Constitution
4. Process tracing through case studies. Requires a well-developed theory and minute examination ('process tracing')
Method of Inference
Qualitative method
Non-democratic regimes
Totalitarianism
5. Also known as interpersonal trust & tolerance
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
Why States/Governments
Solidarity
Social Movements: Causes
6. A formal document that sets up the basic rules of the political game
Constitution
Identity
Economics
Disadvantages of Social Movements
7. America's two ideologies (Liberal and Conservative) are two versions of classic liberalism
Constitution
classic Liberalism
Politics
Revolution
8. Public vs. private goods - Non-exclusivity. The owner can't deny access - Inexhaustability. The good is never used up - Jointness of supply. Its existence depends on our combined contribution; truly 'collective' - Free riding. We generally fail to co
Collective action problem: causes
Political Party
State Strength
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
9. Regime where the rulers are accountable to the ruled.
Democracy
Solidarity
Advantages of Social Movements
Why States/Governments
10. Hard to amass resources (money and information) - Short-lived - The dilemma of formalization
Political Factors of Strong States
Comparative Government
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Liberalism
11. Efficiency vs. representativeness
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12. Historical origins. Failure of liberalism to address shortcomings of capitalist industrialization; Marx - Central assumption: All persons are of equal value - but they cannot develop themselves alone
Civic Engagement
Socialism
Gender as a Process
Political Identity
13. No or low citizen accountability ('subjects' rather than 'citizens') - Reciprocal relationship between leader and selectorate - Totalitarianism vs. authoritarianism
Threshold
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
Civic Engagement
Non-democratic regimes
14. Charismatic - Rational-legal - Traditional/patrimonial
Political Factors of Strong States
Authority
Political Science
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
15. Any identity that significantly shapes our political decisions
Three types of Political Organization
Political Science
Political Identity
Identity
16. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Judicial Review - Number of chambers: bicameral - Federalism: Federal
Utilitarian Justification
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Consensual
Why States/Governments
17. A political organization that primarily uses lobbying - Currency/instrument: money - information - numbers
Interest Groups
Socialism
Subfields of Political Science
Solidarity
18. Selective incentives - Small group size - Social (solidary) incentives - Homogeneity - Others? Duty and altruism? Love?
Culture
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Collective action problem: Solutions
19. You see a puzzle - You come up with a potential explanation (a 'theory') - You test it with evidence (data drawn from the 5 senses) - You share the results with others and get their feedback - Repeat steps 2 through 4 until you publish
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
Socialism
Method of Inference
Fascism
20. About agency: we deserve freedom and need to be held meaningfully accountable
Classic Liberal Argument
Advantages of Social Movements
Political Science
political equality
21. The making of collectively binding decisions
Patronage
Observational/Evidential
Politics
Collective action problem: causes
22. Public administration (civil service). All (non-military) government workers not elected to their posts - but hired (United States beginning in 1880s)
Why States/Governments
Party System
Collective action problem: Solutions
Bureaucracy
23. Comparative Politics - International Relations - American Politics - (normative) theory or Political Philosophy
Primordialism
Theories
Empirical Knowledge
Subfields of Political Science
24. An identity-based community - where the identity is strong enough that we think we should probably be sovereign...
Empirical Knowledge
Party System
Collective action problem: Solutions
Nation
25. Political violence by non-state actors against civilian targets
Contestation
Terrorism
Communism
Interest Groups
26. An organization that seeks elective office - Currency/instrument: votes
(Civil) Society
Classic Liberal Argument
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Political Party
27. The rules about making the rules - often embodied in a constitution.
Regime type
Method of Inference
Party System
Disadvantages of Social Movements
28. The organized study of government and politics. It borrows from the related disciplines of history - philosophy - sociology - economics - and law.
Terrorism
Threshold
Political Science
Contestation
29. A historical exploration of the major contributions to political thought from the ancient Greeks to the contemporary theorists. It also involves the philosophical and speculative consideration of the political world.
Political Violence
Political Theory
Unicameral Legislature
Economics
30. A civil war (...) in which one party is the state - the insurgents win - the insurgents have a lot of popular support - and the insurgents implement 'wholesale political change'
Constitution
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
Consolidation
Revolution
31. The set of relationships among parties in a country - Often categorized by the effective number of parties.
Bureaucracy
(Civil) Society
Politics
Party System
32. Tactics An organization that seeks to influence government through 'contentious' or 'disruptive' politics - Currency/instrument: show of force - numbers - brinkmanship - Organization A (non-hierarchical) network of organizations and individuals worki
Significance of Collective action problem
Collective action problem: causes
Social Movements
classic Liberalism
33. Warfare and military technology - Economic: development of trade and manufacturing and new financial/fiscal instruments - Cultural: Enlightenment - (There are also Environmental/geographic factors)
Revolution
Democracy
Three types of Political Organization
Political Factors of Strong States
34. Monarchies - Single-party regimes - Military regimes - Oligarchies - Theocracies - Personalistic regimes
Observational/Evidential
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Terrorism
Method of Inference
35. A consciously derived - coherent set of beliefs that offers a comprehensive political program
Gender as a Process
Liberalism
Culture
Ideology
36. Shared sets of meanings
Social Movements
Culture
Solidarity
Social Movements: Causes
37. A government with a one house legislature.
political equality
Unicameral Legislature
Terrorism
Revolution
38. All voluntary associations/all secondary associations
Politics
(Civil) Society
Fascism
Social Movements: Causes
39. 19th - in the United States and Western Europe.
Three types of Political Organization
Communism
Significance of Collective action problem
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
40. Ideology An ideology that seeks the active reshaping of minds of individuals and believes this can/must be done by force - Coercive mobilization - No social or political pluralism
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Totalitarianism
Political Factors of Strong States
Political Identity
41. Force + Legitimacy
Disadvantages of Social Movements
State
Authority
Observational Laws
42. Shorter-lived - Slightly less repressive - Ideology not so clear - In favor of capitalism - though with state involvement - Based more on Social Darwinism/racism/nationlsm - Conservatism run amok?
Threshold
Fascism
Socialism
Political Theory
43. Historical origins. A response to the old feudal order and the rise of modern capitalism - 'The highest good of society [is] the ability of the members of that society to develop their individual capacities to the fullest extent' (p. 26) One of the 3
Subfields of Political Science
Liberalism
Madison's dilemma
Constructivism
44. Situation of stability - no party has incentive and ability to undermine the regime (Causes: cultural or economice - or military culture) - (Int'l Factors: U.S. foreign policy - Soviet foreign policy - Changes to Catholic doctrine - EU accession - G
Transition
Constructivism
Classic Liberal Argument
Consolidation
45. A subset of culture - based on our ability to attach labels to ourselves and others - or to define ourselves in terms of the groups we belong to - Some political examples: Partisan identity - Class identity - Ethnic identity - National identity
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Identity
Authoritarianism
Democracy
46. Concentration vs. dispersal of power
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47. Compiling a body of data based on direct observation that can be utilized both to explain what has been observed and to form valid generalizations.
Empirical Knowledge
Criticisms of Rational Choice
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Contestation
48. Long-lived - Extreme lack of social pluralism - Well-defined ideology - Against capitalism - Based on Marxist arguments about class solidarity - economic determinism - Socialism run amok?
Patronage
Communism
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
Liberalism
49. A political system controlled by rulers who deny popular participation in government
Identity
Authoritarianism
Nation
Disadvantages of Social Movements
50. Think of this as 'gender as cause'. Gender roles change and/or mix of women in politics changes; what is the consequence? Key finding: having more women in public office changes the policy agenda - i.e. - more focus on women's issues
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
Gender as a Category
Constitution
Criticisms of Rational Choice
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