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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Political Science
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Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
political-science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Utility: self-interest - but what constitutes self-interest? Material self-interest? Economics - Politics. Example: vote maximization - The gospel Failures of rationality - Really incomplete information & satisfaction - Intransitivity and other cogni
Party System
Regime type
Criticisms of Rational Choice
Contestation
2. Think of this as gender as outcome; what factors - esp. political ones - lead to changes in gender roles? Key finding: politics does matter - especially who has an organized voice. Formal rules - number/identity of parties - etc.
Theories
Political Factors of Strong States
Gender as a Process
Criticisms of Rational Choice
3. Efficiency vs. representativeness
4. Warfare and military technology - Economic: development of trade and manufacturing and new financial/fiscal instruments - Cultural: Enlightenment - (There are also Environmental/geographic factors)
Classic Liberal Argument
Political Factors of Strong States
Advantages of Social Movements
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
5. Selective incentives - Small group size - Social (solidary) incentives - Homogeneity - Others? Duty and altruism? Love?
Collective action problem: Solutions
Conservatism
Economics
Theories
6. A consciously derived - coherent set of beliefs that offers a comprehensive political program
Observational Laws
Political Science
Ideology
Liberalism
7. Comparative Politics - International Relations - American Politics - (normative) theory or Political Philosophy
Observational/Evidential
Subfields of Political Science
classic Liberalism
Why States/Governments
8. No or low citizen accountability ('subjects' rather than 'citizens') - Reciprocal relationship between leader and selectorate - Totalitarianism vs. authoritarianism
Observational/Evidential
Non-democratic regimes
Significance of Collective action problem
Conservatism
9. In social movements - rational choice and culture come together - Culture: the sense of a righteous - popular will that has been subverted ('framing'/'grievance') - Motivates collective action - But also determines the choice of organization and tact
Social Movements: Causes
Constitution
Economics
Consolidation
10. Basically - synonymous for statistical method - Large numbers of observational data - 'Control' for confounding factors
Civic Engagement
Why States/Governments
Political Factors of Strong States
Quantitative
11. Ideology An ideology that seeks the active reshaping of minds of individuals and believes this can/must be done by force - Coercive mobilization - No social or political pluralism
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
Totalitarianism
Consolidation
Social Movements
12. Political parties - Interest groups - Social movements
Three types of Political Organization
Qualitative method
Unicameral Legislature
Socialism
13. About agency: we deserve freedom and need to be held meaningfully accountable
Classic Liberal Argument
Revolution
District Magnitude
Culture
14. Think of this as 'gender as cause'. Gender roles change and/or mix of women in politics changes; what is the consequence? Key finding: having more women in public office changes the policy agenda - i.e. - more focus on women's issues
Consolidation
Interest Groups
Gender as a Category
Why States/Governments
15. A government with a one house legislature.
Unicameral Legislature
Political Science
Terrorism
Quantitative
16. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Parliamentary supremacy - Number of chambers: Unicameral/weak bicameral - Federalism: Unitary
Constitution
Nation
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Majoritarian
17. it works better in the long run - less risk/variability
Terrorism
Utilitarian Justification
Collective action problem: causes
Observational Laws
18. A historical exploration of the major contributions to political thought from the ancient Greeks to the contemporary theorists. It also involves the philosophical and speculative consideration of the political world.
Participation
Economics
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Political Theory
19. The set of relationships among parties in a country - Often categorized by the effective number of parties.
Transition
Economics
Totalitarianism
Party System
20. Public vs. private goods - Non-exclusivity. The owner can't deny access - Inexhaustability. The good is never used up - Jointness of supply. Its existence depends on our combined contribution; truly 'collective' - Free riding. We generally fail to co
classic Liberalism
Political Party
Political Violence
Collective action problem: causes
21. A formal document that sets up the basic rules of the political game
Authority
Consensual
Constitution
classic Liberalism
22. A political system controlled by rulers who deny popular participation in government
Conservatism
Unicameral Legislature
Utilitarian Justification
Authoritarianism
23. The organized study of government and politics. It borrows from the related disciplines of history - philosophy - sociology - economics - and law.
Majoritarian
Political Science
Observational Laws
Unicameral Legislature
24. Traditionally measured as capacity and autonomy
Ideology
Party System
State Strength
Solidarity
25. A civil war (...) in which one party is the state - the insurgents win - the insurgents have a lot of popular support - and the insurgents implement 'wholesale political change'
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
Revolution
State
(Civil) Society
26. The use of force by states or non-state actors to achieve political goals
Social Movements: Causes
Majoritarian
Political Violence
International Relations
27. Situation where all fully qualified citizens have an equal say
Participation
classic Liberalism
Political Science
Revolution
28. Shared sets of meanings
Party System
Culture
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Observational/Evidential
29. You see a puzzle - You come up with a potential explanation (a 'theory') - You test it with evidence (data drawn from the 5 senses) - You share the results with others and get their feedback - Repeat steps 2 through 4 until you publish
Qualitative method
Participation
Method of Inference
Revolution
30. (Voluntary) allocation (production and distribution) of goods and services
Political Violence
Fascism
Economics
Disadvantages of Social Movements
31. A subset of culture - based on our ability to attach labels to ourselves and others - or to define ourselves in terms of the groups we belong to - Some political examples: Partisan identity - Class identity - Ethnic identity - National identity
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
Identity
Utilitarian Justification
classic Liberalism
32. Analyzing the data that has been collected and offering plausible general principles that can be drawn from what has been observed.
Theories
Consolidation
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Comparative Government
33. A consideration of how nations interact with each other within the frameworks of law - diplomacy - and international organizations such as the United Nations.
International Relations
political equality
Revolution
Political Party
34. State of nature (collective action problem) - Hobbes' solution: the social contract
Criticisms of Rational Choice
Revolution
Why States/Governments
Collective action problem: causes
35. Energy or righteous zeal wins large numbers of participants - Nimble in framing issues and changing tactics
Advantages of Social Movements
Transition
Economics
Observational/Evidential
36. Use of method of inference to create generalizeable explanations
Science
Social Movements: Causes
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Gender as a Category
37. Situation of stability - no party has incentive and ability to undermine the regime (Causes: cultural or economice - or military culture) - (Int'l Factors: U.S. foreign policy - Soviet foreign policy - Changes to Catholic doctrine - EU accession - G
Consolidation
Democracy
Significance of Collective action problem
Interest Groups
38. The rules about making the rules - often embodied in a constitution.
Regime type
Authoritarianism
Economics
Non-democratic regimes
39. The opportunity to choose among alternative candidates and positions
State
Communism
Contestation
Social Movements: Causes
40. The mathematical formula used to allocate the seats according to the vote - Plurality or 'first-past-the-post' - various PR formulas - such as D'Hondt - largest remainders - St. Lague - etc.
Unicameral Legislature
Liberalism
Advantages of Social Movements
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
41. Hypotheses based on what has been observed.
Observational Laws
Sovereignty
Qualitative method
Liberalism
42. A basic plan that outlines the structure and functions of the national government. Clearly rooted in Western political thought - it sets limits on government and protects both property and individual rights.
Contestation
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
Socialism
Constitution
43. Monarchies - Single-party regimes - Military regimes - Oligarchies - Theocracies - Personalistic regimes
Political Factors of Strong States
Participation
Criticisms of Rational Choice
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
44. Public administration (civil service). All (non-military) government workers not elected to their posts - but hired (United States beginning in 1880s)
(Civil) Society
Communism
Bureaucracy
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
45. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Judicial Review - Number of chambers: bicameral - Federalism: Federal
Identity
Consensual
Social Movements
International Relations
46. Political violence by non-state actors against civilian targets
Consensual
Social Movements
Terrorism
Transition
47. Also known as interpersonal trust & tolerance
State
Solidarity
International Relations
political equality
48. Hard to amass resources (money and information) - Short-lived - The dilemma of formalization
Ideology
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Nation
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
49. Long-lived - Extreme lack of social pluralism - Well-defined ideology - Against capitalism - Based on Marxist arguments about class solidarity - economic determinism - Socialism run amok?
Qualitative method
State
Communism
Quantitative
50. Process tracing through case studies. Requires a well-developed theory and minute examination ('process tracing')
Terrorism
Criticisms of Rational Choice
Qualitative method
Threshold