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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Political Science
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Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
political-science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Also known as interpersonal trust & tolerance
Collective action problem: causes
Solidarity
Comparative Government
Disadvantages of Social Movements
2. A basic plan that outlines the structure and functions of the national government. Clearly rooted in Western political thought - it sets limits on government and protects both property and individual rights.
Constructivism
Classic Liberal Argument
Constitution
Collective action problem: Solutions
3. You see a puzzle - You come up with a potential explanation (a 'theory') - You test it with evidence (data drawn from the 5 senses) - You share the results with others and get their feedback - Repeat steps 2 through 4 until you publish
Solidarity
Consolidation
Method of Inference
State
4. Situation where all fully qualified citizens have an equal say
Authoritarianism
Classic Liberal Argument
Participation
(Civil) Society
5. A consciously derived - coherent set of beliefs that offers a comprehensive political program
Collective action problem: causes
Ideology
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Politics
6. Basically - density and quality of civil society
Collective action problem: Solutions
Civic Engagement
Politics
Collective action problem: causes
7. Basically - synonymous for statistical method - Large numbers of observational data - 'Control' for confounding factors
Constitution
Patronage
Quantitative
Fascism
8. State of nature (collective action problem) - Hobbes' solution: the social contract
Communism
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Why States/Governments
Qualitative method
9. Territorial monopoly over the legitimate use of force. Refers to the government + the people + the territory ('the country')
Totalitarianism
State Strength
Interest Groups
State
10. Energy or righteous zeal wins large numbers of participants - Nimble in framing issues and changing tactics
Regime type
Advantages of Social Movements
Ideology
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
11. Any identity that significantly shapes our political decisions
Political Identity
Classic Liberal Argument
Three types of Political Organization
Democracy
12. Hypotheses based on what has been observed.
Nation
Observational Laws
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Quantitative
13. Public administration (civil service). All (non-military) government workers not elected to their posts - but hired (United States beginning in 1880s)
Regime type
Quantitative
Bureaucracy
(Civil) Society
14. when you must get a minimum percent of votes to have your votes count or (sometimes) to retain your party registration
Communism
Threshold
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Identity
15. Historical origins. Failure of liberalism to address shortcomings of capitalist industrialization; Marx - Central assumption: All persons are of equal value - but they cannot develop themselves alone
Bureaucracy
Qualitative method
Madison's dilemma
Socialism
16. Utility: self-interest - but what constitutes self-interest? Material self-interest? Economics - Politics. Example: vote maximization - The gospel Failures of rationality - Really incomplete information & satisfaction - Intransitivity and other cogni
Bureaucracy
Quantitative
Three types of Political Organization
Criticisms of Rational Choice
17. A formal document that sets up the basic rules of the political game
Conservatism
classic Liberalism
Constitution
Nation
18. The set of relationships among parties in a country - Often categorized by the effective number of parties.
State Strength
Party System
Constitution
Quantitative
19. Force + Legitimacy
Political Science
Identity
Participation
Authority
20. Public vs. private goods - Non-exclusivity. The owner can't deny access - Inexhaustability. The good is never used up - Jointness of supply. Its existence depends on our combined contribution; truly 'collective' - Free riding. We generally fail to co
Political Science
Authoritarianism
Collective action problem: causes
Majoritarian
21. The making of collectively binding decisions
Totalitarianism
Politics
Culture
Communism
22. 19th - in the United States and Western Europe.
Collective action problem: Solutions
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Social Movements
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
23. Compiling a body of data based on direct observation that can be utilized both to explain what has been observed and to form valid generalizations.
Ideology
Empirical Knowledge
classic Liberalism
Significance of Collective action problem
24. Efficiency vs. representativeness
25. monopoly over the legitimate use of force
Conservatism
Sovereignty
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
International Relations
26. Shared sets of meanings
Three types of Political Organization
Science
Democracy
Culture
27. In social movements - rational choice and culture come together - Culture: the sense of a righteous - popular will that has been subverted ('framing'/'grievance') - Motivates collective action - But also determines the choice of organization and tact
Observational/Evidential
Political Violence
(Civil) Society
Social Movements: Causes
28. Concentration vs. dispersal of power
29. The identities that can become political are those formed very early in life or perhaps vaguely racial/genetic. Struggles to explain (rapid) cultural change - or which identities become politicized
Social Movements
political equality
Primordialism
State Strength
30. The mathematical formula used to allocate the seats according to the vote - Plurality or 'first-past-the-post' - various PR formulas - such as D'Hondt - largest remainders - St. Lague - etc.
Revolution
Observational/Evidential
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
Politics
31. A political organization that primarily uses lobbying - Currency/instrument: money - information - numbers
Interest Groups
Theories
Threshold
Civic Engagement
32. Regime where the rulers are accountable to the ruled.
Democracy
Revolution
Constitution
Theories
33. Monarchies - Single-party regimes - Military regimes - Oligarchies - Theocracies - Personalistic regimes
Participation
Conservatism
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Political Party
34. A subset of culture - based on our ability to attach labels to ourselves and others - or to define ourselves in terms of the groups we belong to - Some political examples: Partisan identity - Class identity - Ethnic identity - National identity
Gender as a Category
Identity
Participation
Communism
35. it works better in the long run - less risk/variability
Terrorism
District Magnitude
Liberalism
Utilitarian Justification
36. Process tracing through case studies. Requires a well-developed theory and minute examination ('process tracing')
Qualitative method
(Civil) Society
Bureaucracy
Method of Inference
37. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Parliamentary supremacy - Number of chambers: Unicameral/weak bicameral - Federalism: Unitary
Majoritarian
Three types of Political Organization
Political Party
(Civil) Society
38. Charismatic - Rational-legal - Traditional/patrimonial
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
District Magnitude
Political Factors of Strong States
classic Liberalism
39. Individual rationality does not always lead to collective rationality - Walking on the grass - Policy implementation is problematic - Voting; protests; interest groups; etc. are underprovided (Olson's point)
Bureaucracy
Significance of Collective action problem
Culture
Political Science
40. The rules about making the rules - often embodied in a constitution.
Revolution
Regime type
Science
Theories
41. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Judicial Review - Number of chambers: bicameral - Federalism: Federal
Comparative Government
Theories
Consensual
Democracy
42. Process or moment of changing from one regime type to another Ex: Arab Springs (Causes: cultural or economice - or military culture) - (int'l factors: U.S. foreign policy - Soviet foreign policy - Changes to Catholic doctrine - EU accession - Globali
Why States/Governments
Transition
Sovereignty
Political Theory
43. Historical origins. A response to the old feudal order and the rise of modern capitalism - 'The highest good of society [is] the ability of the members of that society to develop their individual capacities to the fullest extent' (p. 26) One of the 3
Comparative Government
Collective action problem: causes
Liberalism
Political Science
44. A non-meritocratic system in which jobs and contracts are distributed according to partisan support - (The U.S. 'spoils system' of the 19th century')
Observational/Evidential
Democracy
Patronage
Method of Inference
45. Tactics An organization that seeks to influence government through 'contentious' or 'disruptive' politics - Currency/instrument: show of force - numbers - brinkmanship - Organization A (non-hierarchical) network of organizations and individuals worki
Social Movements
Civic Engagement
State Strength
Method of Inference
46. The organized study of government and politics. It borrows from the related disciplines of history - philosophy - sociology - economics - and law.
Politics
Political Science
Qualitative method
Observational Laws
47. Long-lived - Extreme lack of social pluralism - Well-defined ideology - Against capitalism - Based on Marxist arguments about class solidarity - economic determinism - Socialism run amok?
Observational Laws
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
Significance of Collective action problem
Communism
48. Political violence by non-state actors against civilian targets
Terrorism
Culture
(Civil) Society
Socialism
49. Utility maximization - Preferences: Comparability/Completeness - Transitivity - Probability - Incomplete information and uncertainty about future - Mathematical modeling
Primordialism
Patronage
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
Threshold
50. A government with a one house legislature.
Social Movements: Causes
Unicameral Legislature
Observational/Evidential
Civic Engagement