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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Political Science
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Subjects
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clep
,
political-science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 19th - in the United States and Western Europe.
Theories
Qualitative method
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
2. Compiling a body of data based on direct observation that can be utilized both to explain what has been observed and to form valid generalizations.
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Empirical Knowledge
Sovereignty
Identity
3. Historical origins. A reaction to liberalism - Central assumption: 'The highest good of society [is] the maintenance of ordered community and of common values' (p. 28) One of the 3 big idealogies
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
Political Theory
Primordialism
Conservatism
4. Think of this as gender as outcome; what factors - esp. political ones - lead to changes in gender roles? Key finding: politics does matter - especially who has an organized voice. Formal rules - number/identity of parties - etc.
Fascism
Collective action problem: causes
Constructivism
Gender as a Process
5. A historical exploration of the major contributions to political thought from the ancient Greeks to the contemporary theorists. It also involves the philosophical and speculative consideration of the political world.
Participation
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Political Theory
Consensual
6. The mathematical formula used to allocate the seats according to the vote - Plurality or 'first-past-the-post' - various PR formulas - such as D'Hondt - largest remainders - St. Lague - etc.
Revolution
Fascism
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
Political Violence
7. Utility: self-interest - but what constitutes self-interest? Material self-interest? Economics - Politics. Example: vote maximization - The gospel Failures of rationality - Really incomplete information & satisfaction - Intransitivity and other cogni
Revolution
International Relations
Criticisms of Rational Choice
Qualitative method
8. A formal document that sets up the basic rules of the political game
Social Movements: Causes
Democracy
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Constitution
9. The opportunity to choose among alternative candidates and positions
Contestation
Socialism
Science
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
10. Use of method of inference to create generalizeable explanations
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
Science
Collective action problem: Solutions
Patronage
11. A consciously derived - coherent set of beliefs that offers a comprehensive political program
International Relations
Observational/Evidential
State
Ideology
12. A basic plan that outlines the structure and functions of the national government. Clearly rooted in Western political thought - it sets limits on government and protects both property and individual rights.
Majoritarian
Classic Liberal Argument
Constitution
Participation
13. Charismatic - Rational-legal - Traditional/patrimonial
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Political Violence
political equality
Authority
14. About agency: we deserve freedom and need to be held meaningfully accountable
Culture
Classic Liberal Argument
State
Advantages of Social Movements
15. The rules about making the rules - often embodied in a constitution.
Political Violence
Regime type
Fascism
Science
16. Think of this as 'gender as cause'. Gender roles change and/or mix of women in politics changes; what is the consequence? Key finding: having more women in public office changes the policy agenda - i.e. - more focus on women's issues
Bureaucracy
Authoritarianism
Gender as a Category
Quantitative
17. Traditionally measured as capacity and autonomy
Political Identity
State Strength
Political Science
Empirical Knowledge
18. Selective incentives - Small group size - Social (solidary) incentives - Homogeneity - Others? Duty and altruism? Love?
Gender as a Process
District Magnitude
Patronage
Collective action problem: Solutions
19. In social movements - rational choice and culture come together - Culture: the sense of a righteous - popular will that has been subverted ('framing'/'grievance') - Motivates collective action - But also determines the choice of organization and tact
Solidarity
Subfields of Political Science
Social Movements: Causes
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
20. Process or moment of changing from one regime type to another Ex: Arab Springs (Causes: cultural or economice - or military culture) - (int'l factors: U.S. foreign policy - Soviet foreign policy - Changes to Catholic doctrine - EU accession - Globali
(Civil) Society
District Magnitude
Transition
Terrorism
21. Process tracing through case studies. Requires a well-developed theory and minute examination ('process tracing')
Collective action problem: causes
Qualitative method
Advantages of Social Movements
Political Violence
22. You see a puzzle - You come up with a potential explanation (a 'theory') - You test it with evidence (data drawn from the 5 senses) - You share the results with others and get their feedback - Repeat steps 2 through 4 until you publish
Authoritarianism
Method of Inference
Three types of Political Organization
Gender as a Process
23. A systematic study of the structures of two or more political systems (such as those of Britain and the People's Republic of China) to achieve an understanding of how different societies manage the realities of governing. Also considered are politica
Solidarity
Political Factors of Strong States
Comparative Government
Primordialism
24. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Judicial Review - Number of chambers: bicameral - Federalism: Federal
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
Consensual
Fascism
Theories
25. Also known as interpersonal trust & tolerance
Social Movements
Solidarity
Comparative Government
Socialism
26. Identities are malleable - and anything can become politicized. Struggles to explain fundamental patterns in political identity or their grasp on our souls. Can't really explain which identities become politicized either
Political Identity
political equality
Constructivism
Authoritarianism
27. The organized study of government and politics. It borrows from the related disciplines of history - philosophy - sociology - economics - and law.
Qualitative method
Political Science
Collective action problem: Solutions
Politics
28. Analyzing the data that has been collected and offering plausible general principles that can be drawn from what has been observed.
Quantitative
Economics
Theories
Political Theory
29. A political system controlled by rulers who deny popular participation in government
Primordialism
Fascism
Criticisms of Rational Choice
Authoritarianism
30. Individual rationality does not always lead to collective rationality - Walking on the grass - Policy implementation is problematic - Voting; protests; interest groups; etc. are underprovided (Olson's point)
Political Theory
(Civil) Society
Significance of Collective action problem
Political Violence
31. The making of collectively binding decisions
Utilitarian Justification
Threshold
Collective action problem: Solutions
Politics
32. Describes the principal characteristics of what has been studied.
Fascism
Method of Inference
Observational/Evidential
Significance of Collective action problem
33. monopoly over the legitimate use of force
Constitution
Economics
Sovereignty
Political Factors of Strong States
34. Basically - density and quality of civil society
Civic Engagement
Gender as a Category
Party System
Politics
35. The set of relationships among parties in a country - Often categorized by the effective number of parties.
Party System
Science
Empirical Knowledge
Constructivism
36. Situation where all fully qualified citizens have an equal say
Fascism
Participation
Communism
political equality
37. The use of force by states or non-state actors to achieve political goals
Contestation
Three types of Political Organization
Criticisms of Rational Choice
Political Violence
38. equality in political decision making: one vote per person - with all votes counted equally
Nation
political equality
Comparative Government
Political Science
39. The identities that can become political are those formed very early in life or perhaps vaguely racial/genetic. Struggles to explain (rapid) cultural change - or which identities become politicized
Observational Laws
Primordialism
Theories
Observational/Evidential
40. A civil war (...) in which one party is the state - the insurgents win - the insurgents have a lot of popular support - and the insurgents implement 'wholesale political change'
Method of Inference
Classic Liberal Argument
Participation
Revolution
41. A non-meritocratic system in which jobs and contracts are distributed according to partisan support - (The U.S. 'spoils system' of the 19th century')
Patronage
Subfields of Political Science
Collective action problem: causes
Culture
42. Force + Legitimacy
Majoritarian
Bureaucracy
Authority
Method of Inference
43. Hypotheses based on what has been observed.
Observational Laws
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
Comparative Government
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
44. Basically - synonymous for statistical method - Large numbers of observational data - 'Control' for confounding factors
Significance of Collective action problem
Quantitative
Observational/Evidential
Qualitative method
45. Monarchies - Single-party regimes - Military regimes - Oligarchies - Theocracies - Personalistic regimes
Political Party
Constructivism
Primordialism
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
46. State of nature (collective action problem) - Hobbes' solution: the social contract
Why States/Governments
Observational Laws
Majoritarian
Sovereignty
47. A political organization that primarily uses lobbying - Currency/instrument: money - information - numbers
Interest Groups
Ideology
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
Sovereignty
48. when you must get a minimum percent of votes to have your votes count or (sometimes) to retain your party registration
Non-democratic regimes
Observational/Evidential
Political Theory
Threshold
49. Territorial monopoly over the legitimate use of force. Refers to the government + the people + the territory ('the country')
State
Significance of Collective action problem
Politics
Observational/Evidential
50. Public administration (civil service). All (non-military) government workers not elected to their posts - but hired (United States beginning in 1880s)
classic Liberalism
Majoritarian
District Magnitude
Bureaucracy