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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Political Science
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Subjects
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clep
,
political-science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Utility: self-interest - but what constitutes self-interest? Material self-interest? Economics - Politics. Example: vote maximization - The gospel Failures of rationality - Really incomplete information & satisfaction - Intransitivity and other cogni
Observational Laws
Criticisms of Rational Choice
Threshold
Consolidation
2. Basically - synonymous for statistical method - Large numbers of observational data - 'Control' for confounding factors
Quantitative
International Relations
Primordialism
Political Science
3. Political violence by non-state actors against civilian targets
(Civil) Society
Terrorism
Bureaucracy
Revolution
4. Use of method of inference to create generalizeable explanations
Economics
Observational/Evidential
Science
Consensual
5. Force + Legitimacy
Culture
Authority
Political Factors of Strong States
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
6. Identities are malleable - and anything can become politicized. Struggles to explain fundamental patterns in political identity or their grasp on our souls. Can't really explain which identities become politicized either
Constructivism
Classic Liberal Argument
Authority
Social Movements: Causes
7. State of nature (collective action problem) - Hobbes' solution: the social contract
Political Violence
Totalitarianism
Why States/Governments
Comparative Government
8. Historical origins. A reaction to liberalism - Central assumption: 'The highest good of society [is] the maintenance of ordered community and of common values' (p. 28) One of the 3 big idealogies
Conservatism
Socialism
Science
Three types of Political Organization
9. Shared sets of meanings
Political Theory
Culture
Comparative Government
Revolution
10. Tactics An organization that seeks to influence government through 'contentious' or 'disruptive' politics - Currency/instrument: show of force - numbers - brinkmanship - Organization A (non-hierarchical) network of organizations and individuals worki
Regime type
Social Movements
Primordialism
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
11. Describes the principal characteristics of what has been studied.
Fascism
Constructivism
Primordialism
Observational/Evidential
12. The use of force by states or non-state actors to achieve political goals
Primordialism
Political Violence
Political Factors of Strong States
Threshold
13. Charismatic - Rational-legal - Traditional/patrimonial
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Collective action problem: Solutions
Social Movements
Communism
14. A consideration of how nations interact with each other within the frameworks of law - diplomacy - and international organizations such as the United Nations.
Ideology
Consolidation
Politics
International Relations
15. Process or moment of changing from one regime type to another Ex: Arab Springs (Causes: cultural or economice - or military culture) - (int'l factors: U.S. foreign policy - Soviet foreign policy - Changes to Catholic doctrine - EU accession - Globali
Political Theory
Transition
Primordialism
Advantages of Social Movements
16. Ideology An ideology that seeks the active reshaping of minds of individuals and believes this can/must be done by force - Coercive mobilization - No social or political pluralism
Totalitarianism
Contestation
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
Bureaucracy
17. Public administration (civil service). All (non-military) government workers not elected to their posts - but hired (United States beginning in 1880s)
Political Science
Bureaucracy
Subfields of Political Science
Classic Liberal Argument
18. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Parliamentary supremacy - Number of chambers: Unicameral/weak bicameral - Federalism: Unitary
classic Liberalism
Empirical Knowledge
Majoritarian
Collective action problem: causes
19. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Judicial Review - Number of chambers: bicameral - Federalism: Federal
Constructivism
Communism
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Consensual
20. Concentration vs. dispersal of power
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21. 19th - in the United States and Western Europe.
Collective action problem: causes
Transition
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
22. A systematic study of the structures of two or more political systems (such as those of Britain and the People's Republic of China) to achieve an understanding of how different societies manage the realities of governing. Also considered are politica
Quantitative
Social Movements: Causes
Comparative Government
Democracy
23. Individual rationality does not always lead to collective rationality - Walking on the grass - Policy implementation is problematic - Voting; protests; interest groups; etc. are underprovided (Olson's point)
Ideology
Collective action problem: Solutions
Significance of Collective action problem
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
24. Hypotheses based on what has been observed.
Interest Groups
Liberalism
Solidarity
Observational Laws
25. Territorial monopoly over the legitimate use of force. Refers to the government + the people + the territory ('the country')
Three types of Political Organization
State
Constitution
Subfields of Political Science
26. Comparative Politics - International Relations - American Politics - (normative) theory or Political Philosophy
Subfields of Political Science
classic Liberalism
State
Political Party
27. A historical exploration of the major contributions to political thought from the ancient Greeks to the contemporary theorists. It also involves the philosophical and speculative consideration of the political world.
Observational/Evidential
Political Theory
Politics
Non-democratic regimes
28. Selective incentives - Small group size - Social (solidary) incentives - Homogeneity - Others? Duty and altruism? Love?
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
Democracy
Participation
Collective action problem: Solutions
29. Long-lived - Extreme lack of social pluralism - Well-defined ideology - Against capitalism - Based on Marxist arguments about class solidarity - economic determinism - Socialism run amok?
State Strength
Gender as a Process
Unicameral Legislature
Communism
30. Warfare and military technology - Economic: development of trade and manufacturing and new financial/fiscal instruments - Cultural: Enlightenment - (There are also Environmental/geographic factors)
Political Factors of Strong States
Primordialism
Political Identity
Political Science
31. Think of this as 'gender as cause'. Gender roles change and/or mix of women in politics changes; what is the consequence? Key finding: having more women in public office changes the policy agenda - i.e. - more focus on women's issues
Gender as a Category
Communism
Social Movements
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
32. The opportunity to choose among alternative candidates and positions
Political Party
Contestation
Classic Liberal Argument
Participation
33. Political parties - Interest groups - Social movements
Three types of Political Organization
Madison's dilemma
Liberalism
Collective action problem: Solutions
34. The identities that can become political are those formed very early in life or perhaps vaguely racial/genetic. Struggles to explain (rapid) cultural change - or which identities become politicized
Liberalism
Primordialism
Comparative Government
Political Science
35. when you must get a minimum percent of votes to have your votes count or (sometimes) to retain your party registration
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
Primordialism
Gender as a Category
Threshold
36. Shorter-lived - Slightly less repressive - Ideology not so clear - In favor of capitalism - though with state involvement - Based more on Social Darwinism/racism/nationlsm - Conservatism run amok?
Culture
Fascism
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
Sovereignty
37. equality in political decision making: one vote per person - with all votes counted equally
Political Party
political equality
Science
State Strength
38. Monarchies - Single-party regimes - Military regimes - Oligarchies - Theocracies - Personalistic regimes
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Socialism
Theories
Disadvantages of Social Movements
39. Public vs. private goods - Non-exclusivity. The owner can't deny access - Inexhaustability. The good is never used up - Jointness of supply. Its existence depends on our combined contribution; truly 'collective' - Free riding. We generally fail to co
Nation
International Relations
Collective action problem: causes
Authoritarianism
40. A formal document that sets up the basic rules of the political game
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Contestation
Constitution
Party System
41. The set of relationships among parties in a country - Often categorized by the effective number of parties.
Gender as a Category
Party System
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Bureaucracy
42. how many seats are allotted to each electoral district
political equality
Gender as a Category
District Magnitude
Bureaucracy
43. A subset of culture - based on our ability to attach labels to ourselves and others - or to define ourselves in terms of the groups we belong to - Some political examples: Partisan identity - Class identity - Ethnic identity - National identity
Fascism
Socialism
Three types of Political Organization
Identity
44. monopoly over the legitimate use of force
Sovereignty
Liberalism
Utilitarian Justification
Bureaucracy
45. Utility maximization - Preferences: Comparability/Completeness - Transitivity - Probability - Incomplete information and uncertainty about future - Mathematical modeling
State Strength
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
Economics
46. No or low citizen accountability ('subjects' rather than 'citizens') - Reciprocal relationship between leader and selectorate - Totalitarianism vs. authoritarianism
Non-democratic regimes
Contestation
Social Movements
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
47. Think of this as gender as outcome; what factors - esp. political ones - lead to changes in gender roles? Key finding: politics does matter - especially who has an organized voice. Formal rules - number/identity of parties - etc.
Gender as a Process
Subfields of Political Science
Nation
Sovereignty
48. Energy or righteous zeal wins large numbers of participants - Nimble in framing issues and changing tactics
Ideology
Identity
Advantages of Social Movements
Science
49. Compiling a body of data based on direct observation that can be utilized both to explain what has been observed and to form valid generalizations.
Patronage
Empirical Knowledge
Science
Method of Inference
50. A consciously derived - coherent set of beliefs that offers a comprehensive political program
Political Identity
Ideology
Transition
Collective action problem: Solutions