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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Political Science
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Subjects
:
clep
,
political-science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A consciously derived - coherent set of beliefs that offers a comprehensive political program
Ideology
Culture
Conservatism
Civic Engagement
2. Regime where the rulers are accountable to the ruled.
Consolidation
Political Factors of Strong States
Liberalism
Democracy
3. A political organization that primarily uses lobbying - Currency/instrument: money - information - numbers
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
Quantitative
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
Interest Groups
4. Situation where all fully qualified citizens have an equal say
Participation
Majoritarian
Party System
(Civil) Society
5. The making of collectively binding decisions
Authority
Liberalism
Politics
Method of Inference
6. Charismatic - Rational-legal - Traditional/patrimonial
Social Movements
Party System
Regime type
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
7. A historical exploration of the major contributions to political thought from the ancient Greeks to the contemporary theorists. It also involves the philosophical and speculative consideration of the political world.
Constitution
Political Science
Communism
Political Theory
8. Utility: self-interest - but what constitutes self-interest? Material self-interest? Economics - Politics. Example: vote maximization - The gospel Failures of rationality - Really incomplete information & satisfaction - Intransitivity and other cogni
Criticisms of Rational Choice
Consensual
Utilitarian Justification
Political Factors of Strong States
9. Analyzing the data that has been collected and offering plausible general principles that can be drawn from what has been observed.
Theories
Socialism
Collective action problem: Solutions
Politics
10. Monarchies - Single-party regimes - Military regimes - Oligarchies - Theocracies - Personalistic regimes
Constitution
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Liberalism
Bureaucracy
11. The organized study of government and politics. It borrows from the related disciplines of history - philosophy - sociology - economics - and law.
Political Science
Significance of Collective action problem
Non-democratic regimes
Empirical Knowledge
12. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Judicial Review - Number of chambers: bicameral - Federalism: Federal
Sovereignty
Consensual
Authoritarianism
Criticisms of Rational Choice
13. The rules about making the rules - often embodied in a constitution.
Contestation
Politics
Regime type
Interest Groups
14. The mathematical formula used to allocate the seats according to the vote - Plurality or 'first-past-the-post' - various PR formulas - such as D'Hondt - largest remainders - St. Lague - etc.
Social Movements: Causes
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
Totalitarianism
Participation
15. Shared sets of meanings
Political Violence
Interest Groups
District Magnitude
Culture
16. Historical origins. A reaction to liberalism - Central assumption: 'The highest good of society [is] the maintenance of ordered community and of common values' (p. 28) One of the 3 big idealogies
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
classic Liberalism
Conservatism
Comparative Government
17. A formal document that sets up the basic rules of the political game
Ideology
Constitution
Primordialism
Criticisms of Rational Choice
18. Selective incentives - Small group size - Social (solidary) incentives - Homogeneity - Others? Duty and altruism? Love?
Interest Groups
Observational/Evidential
Collective action problem: Solutions
Non-democratic regimes
19. The set of relationships among parties in a country - Often categorized by the effective number of parties.
Party System
Civic Engagement
District Magnitude
Economics
20. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Parliamentary supremacy - Number of chambers: Unicameral/weak bicameral - Federalism: Unitary
Comparative Government
Majoritarian
Social Movements
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
21. Historical origins. A response to the old feudal order and the rise of modern capitalism - 'The highest good of society [is] the ability of the members of that society to develop their individual capacities to the fullest extent' (p. 26) One of the 3
Civic Engagement
Observational/Evidential
Liberalism
Three types of Political Organization
22. A subset of culture - based on our ability to attach labels to ourselves and others - or to define ourselves in terms of the groups we belong to - Some political examples: Partisan identity - Class identity - Ethnic identity - National identity
Socialism
Identity
Collective action problem: Solutions
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
23. Historical origins. Failure of liberalism to address shortcomings of capitalist industrialization; Marx - Central assumption: All persons are of equal value - but they cannot develop themselves alone
Socialism
(Civil) Society
Interest Groups
Collective action problem: Solutions
24. A non-meritocratic system in which jobs and contracts are distributed according to partisan support - (The U.S. 'spoils system' of the 19th century')
Nation
Patronage
Identity
Disadvantages of Social Movements
25. 19th - in the United States and Western Europe.
Consensual
Political Party
Classic Liberal Argument
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
26. State of nature (collective action problem) - Hobbes' solution: the social contract
Why States/Governments
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
Liberalism
Democracy
27. The use of force by states or non-state actors to achieve political goals
Political Violence
Participation
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Constitution
28. Political parties - Interest groups - Social movements
Advantages of Social Movements
Collective action problem: causes
Party System
Three types of Political Organization
29. A civil war (...) in which one party is the state - the insurgents win - the insurgents have a lot of popular support - and the insurgents implement 'wholesale political change'
Liberalism
classic Liberalism
Revolution
Why States/Governments
30. equality in political decision making: one vote per person - with all votes counted equally
Authoritarianism
political equality
Constitution
Ideology
31. it works better in the long run - less risk/variability
Revolution
Political Theory
Utilitarian Justification
Regime type
32. Process tracing through case studies. Requires a well-developed theory and minute examination ('process tracing')
Constitution
Constructivism
Qualitative method
(Civil) Society
33. how many seats are allotted to each electoral district
Authority
Political Violence
District Magnitude
Constructivism
34. Basically - synonymous for statistical method - Large numbers of observational data - 'Control' for confounding factors
Empirical Knowledge
Consolidation
Quantitative
Advantages of Social Movements
35. All voluntary associations/all secondary associations
Advantages of Social Movements
Observational Laws
(Civil) Society
Science
36. Hypotheses based on what has been observed.
Observational Laws
Transition
Constitution
Conservatism
37. Also known as interpersonal trust & tolerance
Authoritarianism
Consensual
Solidarity
Primordialism
38. A basic plan that outlines the structure and functions of the national government. Clearly rooted in Western political thought - it sets limits on government and protects both property and individual rights.
Political Identity
Constructivism
Constitution
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
39. Concentration vs. dispersal of power
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40. Public vs. private goods - Non-exclusivity. The owner can't deny access - Inexhaustability. The good is never used up - Jointness of supply. Its existence depends on our combined contribution; truly 'collective' - Free riding. We generally fail to co
Authority
Terrorism
Science
Collective action problem: causes
41. An organization that seeks elective office - Currency/instrument: votes
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
District Magnitude
Comparative Government
Political Party
42. In social movements - rational choice and culture come together - Culture: the sense of a righteous - popular will that has been subverted ('framing'/'grievance') - Motivates collective action - But also determines the choice of organization and tact
Significance of Collective action problem
State
Social Movements: Causes
Bureaucracy
43. Process or moment of changing from one regime type to another Ex: Arab Springs (Causes: cultural or economice - or military culture) - (int'l factors: U.S. foreign policy - Soviet foreign policy - Changes to Catholic doctrine - EU accession - Globali
Transition
Significance of Collective action problem
Threshold
Method of Inference
44. Situation of stability - no party has incentive and ability to undermine the regime (Causes: cultural or economice - or military culture) - (Int'l Factors: U.S. foreign policy - Soviet foreign policy - Changes to Catholic doctrine - EU accession - G
Political Violence
Consolidation
Social Movements: Causes
Empirical Knowledge
45. The identities that can become political are those formed very early in life or perhaps vaguely racial/genetic. Struggles to explain (rapid) cultural change - or which identities become politicized
Three types of Political Organization
Why States/Governments
Primordialism
Criticisms of Rational Choice
46. Ideology An ideology that seeks the active reshaping of minds of individuals and believes this can/must be done by force - Coercive mobilization - No social or political pluralism
Threshold
Conservatism
Nation
Totalitarianism
47. monopoly over the legitimate use of force
Terrorism
Revolution
Qualitative method
Sovereignty
48. Individual rationality does not always lead to collective rationality - Walking on the grass - Policy implementation is problematic - Voting; protests; interest groups; etc. are underprovided (Olson's point)
Nation
Revolution
Significance of Collective action problem
Observational/Evidential
49. Use of method of inference to create generalizeable explanations
Observational Laws
Science
Utilitarian Justification
District Magnitude
50. The opportunity to choose among alternative candidates and positions
Qualitative method
Contestation
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Communism