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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Political Science
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Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
political-science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Think of this as 'gender as cause'. Gender roles change and/or mix of women in politics changes; what is the consequence? Key finding: having more women in public office changes the policy agenda - i.e. - more focus on women's issues
Solidarity
Quantitative
Gender as a Category
Empirical Knowledge
2. An identity-based community - where the identity is strong enough that we think we should probably be sovereign...
Nation
Political Violence
Social Movements: Causes
Constitution
3. Describes the principal characteristics of what has been studied.
Non-democratic regimes
Three types of Political Organization
Observational/Evidential
Comparative Government
4. America's two ideologies (Liberal and Conservative) are two versions of classic liberalism
Culture
Political Identity
Ideology
classic Liberalism
5. Force + Legitimacy
Identity
Authority
Political Party
Qualitative method
6. A subset of culture - based on our ability to attach labels to ourselves and others - or to define ourselves in terms of the groups we belong to - Some political examples: Partisan identity - Class identity - Ethnic identity - National identity
Transition
Identity
Patronage
Political Factors of Strong States
7. 19th - in the United States and Western Europe.
District Magnitude
Social Movements: Causes
(Civil) Society
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
8. monopoly over the legitimate use of force
Sovereignty
Socialism
Observational Laws
Political Identity
9. Think of this as gender as outcome; what factors - esp. political ones - lead to changes in gender roles? Key finding: politics does matter - especially who has an organized voice. Formal rules - number/identity of parties - etc.
District Magnitude
Gender as a Process
Transition
International Relations
10. The mathematical formula used to allocate the seats according to the vote - Plurality or 'first-past-the-post' - various PR formulas - such as D'Hondt - largest remainders - St. Lague - etc.
Collective action problem: Solutions
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
Theories
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
11. Process tracing through case studies. Requires a well-developed theory and minute examination ('process tracing')
Theories
State Strength
Communism
Qualitative method
12. Public vs. private goods - Non-exclusivity. The owner can't deny access - Inexhaustability. The good is never used up - Jointness of supply. Its existence depends on our combined contribution; truly 'collective' - Free riding. We generally fail to co
Fascism
Constitution
Collective action problem: causes
Significance of Collective action problem
13. Efficiency vs. representativeness
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14. Tactics An organization that seeks to influence government through 'contentious' or 'disruptive' politics - Currency/instrument: show of force - numbers - brinkmanship - Organization A (non-hierarchical) network of organizations and individuals worki
Socialism
Madison's dilemma
Social Movements
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
15. Comparative Politics - International Relations - American Politics - (normative) theory or Political Philosophy
Regime type
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
political equality
Subfields of Political Science
16. State of nature (collective action problem) - Hobbes' solution: the social contract
Constitution
State
Primordialism
Why States/Governments
17. A government with a one house legislature.
Political Identity
Method of Inference
Fascism
Unicameral Legislature
18. Historical origins. Failure of liberalism to address shortcomings of capitalist industrialization; Marx - Central assumption: All persons are of equal value - but they cannot develop themselves alone
Socialism
Nation
Classic Liberal Argument
Revolution
19. Historical origins. A reaction to liberalism - Central assumption: 'The highest good of society [is] the maintenance of ordered community and of common values' (p. 28) One of the 3 big idealogies
Majoritarian
Conservatism
Subfields of Political Science
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
20. how many seats are allotted to each electoral district
Criticisms of Rational Choice
District Magnitude
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Sovereignty
21. Concentration vs. dispersal of power
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22. A non-meritocratic system in which jobs and contracts are distributed according to partisan support - (The U.S. 'spoils system' of the 19th century')
Consolidation
Collective action problem: Solutions
Patronage
Quantitative
23. Utility maximization - Preferences: Comparability/Completeness - Transitivity - Probability - Incomplete information and uncertainty about future - Mathematical modeling
Socialism
Participation
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
24. A political system controlled by rulers who deny popular participation in government
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
Authoritarianism
Empirical Knowledge
Unicameral Legislature
25. Compiling a body of data based on direct observation that can be utilized both to explain what has been observed and to form valid generalizations.
Empirical Knowledge
Sovereignty
International Relations
Constitution
26. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Judicial Review - Number of chambers: bicameral - Federalism: Federal
Primordialism
Culture
Social Movements: Causes
Consensual
27. Historical origins. A response to the old feudal order and the rise of modern capitalism - 'The highest good of society [is] the ability of the members of that society to develop their individual capacities to the fullest extent' (p. 26) One of the 3
Democracy
Regime type
Why States/Governments
Liberalism
28. No or low citizen accountability ('subjects' rather than 'citizens') - Reciprocal relationship between leader and selectorate - Totalitarianism vs. authoritarianism
Non-democratic regimes
Science
Advantages of Social Movements
Constitution
29. About agency: we deserve freedom and need to be held meaningfully accountable
Party System
Political Party
Identity
Classic Liberal Argument
30. A formal document that sets up the basic rules of the political game
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
Political Identity
Social Movements: Causes
Constitution
31. equality in political decision making: one vote per person - with all votes counted equally
Political Identity
political equality
Majoritarian
Collective action problem: causes
32. Situation where all fully qualified citizens have an equal say
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Participation
Method of Inference
Interest Groups
33. The opportunity to choose among alternative candidates and positions
Revolution
Culture
Constructivism
Contestation
34. The identities that can become political are those formed very early in life or perhaps vaguely racial/genetic. Struggles to explain (rapid) cultural change - or which identities become politicized
Terrorism
Primordialism
Bureaucracy
(Civil) Society
35. Public administration (civil service). All (non-military) government workers not elected to their posts - but hired (United States beginning in 1880s)
Qualitative method
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Party System
Bureaucracy
36. Political violence by non-state actors against civilian targets
Authority
Terrorism
Constitution
Culture
37. Hypotheses based on what has been observed.
political equality
Observational Laws
Regime type
Classic Liberal Argument
38. An organization that seeks elective office - Currency/instrument: votes
Criticisms of Rational Choice
Constitution
Political Party
Authority
39. The organized study of government and politics. It borrows from the related disciplines of history - philosophy - sociology - economics - and law.
Social Movements: Causes
Politics
Madison's dilemma
Political Science
40. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Parliamentary supremacy - Number of chambers: Unicameral/weak bicameral - Federalism: Unitary
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Majoritarian
Social Movements: Causes
Political Identity
41. The use of force by states or non-state actors to achieve political goals
Utilitarian Justification
Political Violence
Sovereignty
Culture
42. Regime where the rulers are accountable to the ruled.
Socialism
Participation
Collective action problem: causes
Democracy
43. Monarchies - Single-party regimes - Military regimes - Oligarchies - Theocracies - Personalistic regimes
Qualitative method
Political Factors of Strong States
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Why States/Governments
44. A political organization that primarily uses lobbying - Currency/instrument: money - information - numbers
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
Classic Liberal Argument
Interest Groups
Utilitarian Justification
45. Energy or righteous zeal wins large numbers of participants - Nimble in framing issues and changing tactics
Advantages of Social Movements
International Relations
Identity
Observational/Evidential
46. The making of collectively binding decisions
Politics
Fascism
Theories
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
47. Situation of stability - no party has incentive and ability to undermine the regime (Causes: cultural or economice - or military culture) - (Int'l Factors: U.S. foreign policy - Soviet foreign policy - Changes to Catholic doctrine - EU accession - G
Consolidation
Liberalism
Regime type
Culture
48. Selective incentives - Small group size - Social (solidary) incentives - Homogeneity - Others? Duty and altruism? Love?
Collective action problem: Solutions
Method of Inference
Totalitarianism
Observational Laws
49. (Voluntary) allocation (production and distribution) of goods and services
Economics
political equality
State Strength
Patronage
50. All voluntary associations/all secondary associations
(Civil) Society
Criticisms of Rational Choice
Political Identity
Fascism