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CLEP Political Science

Subjects : clep, political-science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. All voluntary associations/all secondary associations






2. Selective incentives - Small group size - Social (solidary) incentives - Homogeneity - Others? Duty and altruism? Love?






3. Hard to amass resources (money and information) - Short-lived - The dilemma of formalization






4. Think of this as 'gender as cause'. Gender roles change and/or mix of women in politics changes; what is the consequence? Key finding: having more women in public office changes the policy agenda - i.e. - more focus on women's issues






5. Basically - synonymous for statistical method - Large numbers of observational data - 'Control' for confounding factors






6. Basically - density and quality of civil society






7. Any identity that significantly shapes our political decisions






8. An identity-based community - where the identity is strong enough that we think we should probably be sovereign...






9. The mathematical formula used to allocate the seats according to the vote - Plurality or 'first-past-the-post' - various PR formulas - such as D'Hondt - largest remainders - St. Lague - etc.






10. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Judicial Review - Number of chambers: bicameral - Federalism: Federal






11. Situation of stability - no party has incentive and ability to undermine the regime (Causes: cultural or economice - or military culture) - (Int'l Factors: U.S. foreign policy - Soviet foreign policy - Changes to Catholic doctrine - EU accession - G






12. A government with a one house legislature.






13. State of nature (collective action problem) - Hobbes' solution: the social contract






14. About agency: we deserve freedom and need to be held meaningfully accountable






15. Warfare and military technology - Economic: development of trade and manufacturing and new financial/fiscal instruments - Cultural: Enlightenment - (There are also Environmental/geographic factors)






16. Also known as interpersonal trust & tolerance






17. Monarchies - Single-party regimes - Military regimes - Oligarchies - Theocracies - Personalistic regimes






18. Shared sets of meanings






19. A consideration of how nations interact with each other within the frameworks of law - diplomacy - and international organizations such as the United Nations.






20. Hypotheses based on what has been observed.






21. Concentration vs. dispersal of power

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22. Think of this as gender as outcome; what factors - esp. political ones - lead to changes in gender roles? Key finding: politics does matter - especially who has an organized voice. Formal rules - number/identity of parties - etc.






23. Political parties - Interest groups - Social movements






24. Utility maximization - Preferences: Comparability/Completeness - Transitivity - Probability - Incomplete information and uncertainty about future - Mathematical modeling






25. The opportunity to choose among alternative candidates and positions






26. A consciously derived - coherent set of beliefs that offers a comprehensive political program






27. Efficiency vs. representativeness

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28. America's two ideologies (Liberal and Conservative) are two versions of classic liberalism






29. Charismatic - Rational-legal - Traditional/patrimonial






30. A formal document that sets up the basic rules of the political game






31. The identities that can become political are those formed very early in life or perhaps vaguely racial/genetic. Struggles to explain (rapid) cultural change - or which identities become politicized






32. Public vs. private goods - Non-exclusivity. The owner can't deny access - Inexhaustability. The good is never used up - Jointness of supply. Its existence depends on our combined contribution; truly 'collective' - Free riding. We generally fail to co






33. In social movements - rational choice and culture come together - Culture: the sense of a righteous - popular will that has been subverted ('framing'/'grievance') - Motivates collective action - But also determines the choice of organization and tact






34. Energy or righteous zeal wins large numbers of participants - Nimble in framing issues and changing tactics






35. Analyzing the data that has been collected and offering plausible general principles that can be drawn from what has been observed.






36. A basic plan that outlines the structure and functions of the national government. Clearly rooted in Western political thought - it sets limits on government and protects both property and individual rights.






37. Ideology An ideology that seeks the active reshaping of minds of individuals and believes this can/must be done by force - Coercive mobilization - No social or political pluralism






38. 19th - in the United States and Western Europe.






39. when you must get a minimum percent of votes to have your votes count or (sometimes) to retain your party registration






40. A systematic study of the structures of two or more political systems (such as those of Britain and the People's Republic of China) to achieve an understanding of how different societies manage the realities of governing. Also considered are politica






41. how many seats are allotted to each electoral district






42. Historical origins. A reaction to liberalism - Central assumption: 'The highest good of society [is] the maintenance of ordered community and of common values' (p. 28) One of the 3 big idealogies






43. Identities are malleable - and anything can become politicized. Struggles to explain fundamental patterns in political identity or their grasp on our souls. Can't really explain which identities become politicized either






44. A political organization that primarily uses lobbying - Currency/instrument: money - information - numbers






45. No or low citizen accountability ('subjects' rather than 'citizens') - Reciprocal relationship between leader and selectorate - Totalitarianism vs. authoritarianism






46. it works better in the long run - less risk/variability






47. Utility: self-interest - but what constitutes self-interest? Material self-interest? Economics - Politics. Example: vote maximization - The gospel Failures of rationality - Really incomplete information & satisfaction - Intransitivity and other cogni






48. A political system controlled by rulers who deny popular participation in government






49. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Parliamentary supremacy - Number of chambers: Unicameral/weak bicameral - Federalism: Unitary






50. Situation where all fully qualified citizens have an equal say