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CLEP Political Science

Subjects : clep, political-science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. equality in political decision making: one vote per person - with all votes counted equally






2. Historical origins. A response to the old feudal order and the rise of modern capitalism - 'The highest good of society [is] the ability of the members of that society to develop their individual capacities to the fullest extent' (p. 26) One of the 3






3. Energy or righteous zeal wins large numbers of participants - Nimble in framing issues and changing tactics






4. how many seats are allotted to each electoral district






5. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Parliamentary supremacy - Number of chambers: Unicameral/weak bicameral - Federalism: Unitary






6. Shorter-lived - Slightly less repressive - Ideology not so clear - In favor of capitalism - though with state involvement - Based more on Social Darwinism/racism/nationlsm - Conservatism run amok?






7. Political parties - Interest groups - Social movements






8. The use of force by states or non-state actors to achieve political goals






9. Think of this as 'gender as cause'. Gender roles change and/or mix of women in politics changes; what is the consequence? Key finding: having more women in public office changes the policy agenda - i.e. - more focus on women's issues






10. Situation of stability - no party has incentive and ability to undermine the regime (Causes: cultural or economice - or military culture) - (Int'l Factors: U.S. foreign policy - Soviet foreign policy - Changes to Catholic doctrine - EU accession - G






11. Also known as interpersonal trust & tolerance






12. The identities that can become political are those formed very early in life or perhaps vaguely racial/genetic. Struggles to explain (rapid) cultural change - or which identities become politicized






13. Process tracing through case studies. Requires a well-developed theory and minute examination ('process tracing')






14. A formal document that sets up the basic rules of the political game






15. An identity-based community - where the identity is strong enough that we think we should probably be sovereign...






16. The set of relationships among parties in a country - Often categorized by the effective number of parties.






17. Public vs. private goods - Non-exclusivity. The owner can't deny access - Inexhaustability. The good is never used up - Jointness of supply. Its existence depends on our combined contribution; truly 'collective' - Free riding. We generally fail to co






18. Individual rationality does not always lead to collective rationality - Walking on the grass - Policy implementation is problematic - Voting; protests; interest groups; etc. are underprovided (Olson's point)






19. Basically - synonymous for statistical method - Large numbers of observational data - 'Control' for confounding factors






20. Charismatic - Rational-legal - Traditional/patrimonial






21. A historical exploration of the major contributions to political thought from the ancient Greeks to the contemporary theorists. It also involves the philosophical and speculative consideration of the political world.






22. monopoly over the legitimate use of force






23. A political organization that primarily uses lobbying - Currency/instrument: money - information - numbers






24. Comparative Politics - International Relations - American Politics - (normative) theory or Political Philosophy






25. Efficiency vs. representativeness

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26. The organized study of government and politics. It borrows from the related disciplines of history - philosophy - sociology - economics - and law.






27. Traditionally measured as capacity and autonomy






28. A non-meritocratic system in which jobs and contracts are distributed according to partisan support - (The U.S. 'spoils system' of the 19th century')






29. The opportunity to choose among alternative candidates and positions






30. A systematic study of the structures of two or more political systems (such as those of Britain and the People's Republic of China) to achieve an understanding of how different societies manage the realities of governing. Also considered are politica






31. The rules about making the rules - often embodied in a constitution.






32. Utility: self-interest - but what constitutes self-interest? Material self-interest? Economics - Politics. Example: vote maximization - The gospel Failures of rationality - Really incomplete information & satisfaction - Intransitivity and other cogni






33. Analyzing the data that has been collected and offering plausible general principles that can be drawn from what has been observed.






34. A civil war (...) in which one party is the state - the insurgents win - the insurgents have a lot of popular support - and the insurgents implement 'wholesale political change'






35. Think of this as gender as outcome; what factors - esp. political ones - lead to changes in gender roles? Key finding: politics does matter - especially who has an organized voice. Formal rules - number/identity of parties - etc.






36. America's two ideologies (Liberal and Conservative) are two versions of classic liberalism






37. (Voluntary) allocation (production and distribution) of goods and services






38. A subset of culture - based on our ability to attach labels to ourselves and others - or to define ourselves in terms of the groups we belong to - Some political examples: Partisan identity - Class identity - Ethnic identity - National identity






39. Describes the principal characteristics of what has been studied.






40. Public administration (civil service). All (non-military) government workers not elected to their posts - but hired (United States beginning in 1880s)






41. No or low citizen accountability ('subjects' rather than 'citizens') - Reciprocal relationship between leader and selectorate - Totalitarianism vs. authoritarianism






42. Compiling a body of data based on direct observation that can be utilized both to explain what has been observed and to form valid generalizations.






43. Ideology An ideology that seeks the active reshaping of minds of individuals and believes this can/must be done by force - Coercive mobilization - No social or political pluralism






44. Utility maximization - Preferences: Comparability/Completeness - Transitivity - Probability - Incomplete information and uncertainty about future - Mathematical modeling






45. Monarchies - Single-party regimes - Military regimes - Oligarchies - Theocracies - Personalistic regimes






46. it works better in the long run - less risk/variability






47. Political violence by non-state actors against civilian targets






48. A consideration of how nations interact with each other within the frameworks of law - diplomacy - and international organizations such as the United Nations.






49. State of nature (collective action problem) - Hobbes' solution: the social contract






50. Basically - density and quality of civil society