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CLEP Political Science

Subjects : clep, political-science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The rules about making the rules - often embodied in a constitution.






2. Situation of stability - no party has incentive and ability to undermine the regime (Causes: cultural or economice - or military culture) - (Int'l Factors: U.S. foreign policy - Soviet foreign policy - Changes to Catholic doctrine - EU accession - G






3. Tactics An organization that seeks to influence government through 'contentious' or 'disruptive' politics - Currency/instrument: show of force - numbers - brinkmanship - Organization A (non-hierarchical) network of organizations and individuals worki






4. No or low citizen accountability ('subjects' rather than 'citizens') - Reciprocal relationship between leader and selectorate - Totalitarianism vs. authoritarianism






5. The mathematical formula used to allocate the seats according to the vote - Plurality or 'first-past-the-post' - various PR formulas - such as D'Hondt - largest remainders - St. Lague - etc.






6. An organization that seeks elective office - Currency/instrument: votes






7. A government with a one house legislature.






8. Compiling a body of data based on direct observation that can be utilized both to explain what has been observed and to form valid generalizations.






9. 19th - in the United States and Western Europe.






10. Think of this as gender as outcome; what factors - esp. political ones - lead to changes in gender roles? Key finding: politics does matter - especially who has an organized voice. Formal rules - number/identity of parties - etc.






11. it works better in the long run - less risk/variability






12. Process tracing through case studies. Requires a well-developed theory and minute examination ('process tracing')






13. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Judicial Review - Number of chambers: bicameral - Federalism: Federal






14. State of nature (collective action problem) - Hobbes' solution: the social contract






15. equality in political decision making: one vote per person - with all votes counted equally






16. The set of relationships among parties in a country - Often categorized by the effective number of parties.






17. Hypotheses based on what has been observed.






18. A political system controlled by rulers who deny popular participation in government






19. Utility: self-interest - but what constitutes self-interest? Material self-interest? Economics - Politics. Example: vote maximization - The gospel Failures of rationality - Really incomplete information & satisfaction - Intransitivity and other cogni






20. The use of force by states or non-state actors to achieve political goals






21. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Parliamentary supremacy - Number of chambers: Unicameral/weak bicameral - Federalism: Unitary






22. The making of collectively binding decisions






23. Regime where the rulers are accountable to the ruled.






24. monopoly over the legitimate use of force






25. Think of this as 'gender as cause'. Gender roles change and/or mix of women in politics changes; what is the consequence? Key finding: having more women in public office changes the policy agenda - i.e. - more focus on women's issues






26. A formal document that sets up the basic rules of the political game






27. (Voluntary) allocation (production and distribution) of goods and services






28. Individual rationality does not always lead to collective rationality - Walking on the grass - Policy implementation is problematic - Voting; protests; interest groups; etc. are underprovided (Olson's point)






29. Public administration (civil service). All (non-military) government workers not elected to their posts - but hired (United States beginning in 1880s)






30. Historical origins. A response to the old feudal order and the rise of modern capitalism - 'The highest good of society [is] the ability of the members of that society to develop their individual capacities to the fullest extent' (p. 26) One of the 3






31. Ideology An ideology that seeks the active reshaping of minds of individuals and believes this can/must be done by force - Coercive mobilization - No social or political pluralism






32. Long-lived - Extreme lack of social pluralism - Well-defined ideology - Against capitalism - Based on Marxist arguments about class solidarity - economic determinism - Socialism run amok?






33. Political parties - Interest groups - Social movements






34. America's two ideologies (Liberal and Conservative) are two versions of classic liberalism






35. when you must get a minimum percent of votes to have your votes count or (sometimes) to retain your party registration






36. Describes the principal characteristics of what has been studied.






37. Utility maximization - Preferences: Comparability/Completeness - Transitivity - Probability - Incomplete information and uncertainty about future - Mathematical modeling






38. A political organization that primarily uses lobbying - Currency/instrument: money - information - numbers






39. Political violence by non-state actors against civilian targets






40. Any identity that significantly shapes our political decisions






41. Efficiency vs. representativeness

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42. The opportunity to choose among alternative candidates and positions






43. An identity-based community - where the identity is strong enough that we think we should probably be sovereign...






44. A basic plan that outlines the structure and functions of the national government. Clearly rooted in Western political thought - it sets limits on government and protects both property and individual rights.






45. A consideration of how nations interact with each other within the frameworks of law - diplomacy - and international organizations such as the United Nations.






46. Traditionally measured as capacity and autonomy






47. Comparative Politics - International Relations - American Politics - (normative) theory or Political Philosophy






48. Basically - synonymous for statistical method - Large numbers of observational data - 'Control' for confounding factors






49. Analyzing the data that has been collected and offering plausible general principles that can be drawn from what has been observed.






50. All voluntary associations/all secondary associations







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