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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Political Science
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Study First
Subjects
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clep
,
political-science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The set of relationships among parties in a country - Often categorized by the effective number of parties.
Party System
Observational Laws
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Identity
2. The use of force by states or non-state actors to achieve political goals
Theories
Science
Method of Inference
Political Violence
3. Hypotheses based on what has been observed.
Observational Laws
Constructivism
Political Identity
Economics
4. Utility: self-interest - but what constitutes self-interest? Material self-interest? Economics - Politics. Example: vote maximization - The gospel Failures of rationality - Really incomplete information & satisfaction - Intransitivity and other cogni
Economics
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
State Strength
Criticisms of Rational Choice
5. A government with a one house legislature.
Bureaucracy
Subfields of Political Science
Madison's dilemma
Unicameral Legislature
6. About agency: we deserve freedom and need to be held meaningfully accountable
Economics
Classic Liberal Argument
Ideology
Regime type
7. Situation where all fully qualified citizens have an equal say
Civic Engagement
Liberalism
Participation
Nation
8. The mathematical formula used to allocate the seats according to the vote - Plurality or 'first-past-the-post' - various PR formulas - such as D'Hondt - largest remainders - St. Lague - etc.
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
District Magnitude
Collective action problem: Solutions
Gender as a Process
9. State of nature (collective action problem) - Hobbes' solution: the social contract
Conservatism
Authoritarianism
Constitution
Why States/Governments
10. In social movements - rational choice and culture come together - Culture: the sense of a righteous - popular will that has been subverted ('framing'/'grievance') - Motivates collective action - But also determines the choice of organization and tact
Social Movements: Causes
Politics
Political Identity
Political Theory
11. Basically - density and quality of civil society
Fascism
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Terrorism
Civic Engagement
12. Traditionally measured as capacity and autonomy
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Regime type
Ideology
State Strength
13. The organized study of government and politics. It borrows from the related disciplines of history - philosophy - sociology - economics - and law.
Nation
Political Identity
Political Science
Criticisms of Rational Choice
14. An identity-based community - where the identity is strong enough that we think we should probably be sovereign...
Transition
Nation
Constitution
Constitution
15. You see a puzzle - You come up with a potential explanation (a 'theory') - You test it with evidence (data drawn from the 5 senses) - You share the results with others and get their feedback - Repeat steps 2 through 4 until you publish
Culture
Why States/Governments
State
Method of Inference
16. Historical origins. Failure of liberalism to address shortcomings of capitalist industrialization; Marx - Central assumption: All persons are of equal value - but they cannot develop themselves alone
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
Transition
Socialism
Constitution
17. Analyzing the data that has been collected and offering plausible general principles that can be drawn from what has been observed.
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
Totalitarianism
Theories
Civic Engagement
18. A historical exploration of the major contributions to political thought from the ancient Greeks to the contemporary theorists. It also involves the philosophical and speculative consideration of the political world.
Collective action problem: Solutions
Interest Groups
Unicameral Legislature
Political Theory
19. A systematic study of the structures of two or more political systems (such as those of Britain and the People's Republic of China) to achieve an understanding of how different societies manage the realities of governing. Also considered are politica
Method of Inference
State
Utilitarian Justification
Comparative Government
20. Shorter-lived - Slightly less repressive - Ideology not so clear - In favor of capitalism - though with state involvement - Based more on Social Darwinism/racism/nationlsm - Conservatism run amok?
Criticisms of Rational Choice
Fascism
Interest Groups
Ideology
21. Think of this as 'gender as cause'. Gender roles change and/or mix of women in politics changes; what is the consequence? Key finding: having more women in public office changes the policy agenda - i.e. - more focus on women's issues
Three types of Political Organization
Gender as a Category
Gender as a Process
Primordialism
22. Monarchies - Single-party regimes - Military regimes - Oligarchies - Theocracies - Personalistic regimes
Why States/Governments
Economics
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
23. An organization that seeks elective office - Currency/instrument: votes
Party System
Classic Liberal Argument
Political Party
Madison's dilemma
24. Historical origins. A reaction to liberalism - Central assumption: 'The highest good of society [is] the maintenance of ordered community and of common values' (p. 28) One of the 3 big idealogies
Social Movements
Conservatism
Constitution
Majoritarian
25. Process or moment of changing from one regime type to another Ex: Arab Springs (Causes: cultural or economice - or military culture) - (int'l factors: U.S. foreign policy - Soviet foreign policy - Changes to Catholic doctrine - EU accession - Globali
Majoritarian
Transition
Economics
Authority
26. Tactics An organization that seeks to influence government through 'contentious' or 'disruptive' politics - Currency/instrument: show of force - numbers - brinkmanship - Organization A (non-hierarchical) network of organizations and individuals worki
Constitution
Sovereignty
Social Movements
Political Identity
27. Public administration (civil service). All (non-military) government workers not elected to their posts - but hired (United States beginning in 1880s)
Solidarity
Political Factors of Strong States
Bureaucracy
Authority
28. The identities that can become political are those formed very early in life or perhaps vaguely racial/genetic. Struggles to explain (rapid) cultural change - or which identities become politicized
Primordialism
Political Theory
Science
Solidarity
29. Any identity that significantly shapes our political decisions
Political Identity
Unicameral Legislature
Science
Majoritarian
30. Charismatic - Rational-legal - Traditional/patrimonial
political equality
Constitution
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Classic Liberal Argument
31. Shared sets of meanings
Bureaucracy
Gender as a Category
Quantitative
Culture
32. Territorial monopoly over the legitimate use of force. Refers to the government + the people + the territory ('the country')
Party System
Culture
State
Quantitative
33. Utility maximization - Preferences: Comparability/Completeness - Transitivity - Probability - Incomplete information and uncertainty about future - Mathematical modeling
Nation
Patronage
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
classic Liberalism
34. Also known as interpersonal trust & tolerance
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
Ideology
Solidarity
Unicameral Legislature
35. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Judicial Review - Number of chambers: bicameral - Federalism: Federal
Three types of Political Organization
Bureaucracy
Collective action problem: causes
Consensual
36. Energy or righteous zeal wins large numbers of participants - Nimble in framing issues and changing tactics
Qualitative method
Quantitative
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
Advantages of Social Movements
37. Use of method of inference to create generalizeable explanations
Collective action problem: Solutions
Culture
Gender as a Process
Science
38. The making of collectively binding decisions
Politics
Consolidation
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
Quantitative
39. when you must get a minimum percent of votes to have your votes count or (sometimes) to retain your party registration
Politics
Transition
Terrorism
Threshold
40. Situation of stability - no party has incentive and ability to undermine the regime (Causes: cultural or economice - or military culture) - (Int'l Factors: U.S. foreign policy - Soviet foreign policy - Changes to Catholic doctrine - EU accession - G
Consolidation
Civic Engagement
Social Movements: Causes
(Civil) Society
41. Force + Legitimacy
Authoritarianism
Science
Bureaucracy
Authority
42. All voluntary associations/all secondary associations
Identity
(Civil) Society
Three types of Political Organization
Gender as a Category
43. A subset of culture - based on our ability to attach labels to ourselves and others - or to define ourselves in terms of the groups we belong to - Some political examples: Partisan identity - Class identity - Ethnic identity - National identity
Identity
Transition
Quantitative
Political Theory
44. (Voluntary) allocation (production and distribution) of goods and services
Science
Madison's dilemma
Economics
State Strength
45. Political parties - Interest groups - Social movements
Non-democratic regimes
Culture
Interest Groups
Three types of Political Organization
46. The rules about making the rules - often embodied in a constitution.
Regime type
Politics
Political Factors of Strong States
Constructivism
47. America's two ideologies (Liberal and Conservative) are two versions of classic liberalism
Political Violence
Gender as a Process
Regime type
classic Liberalism
48. Concentration vs. dispersal of power
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49. 19th - in the United States and Western Europe.
Comparative Government
Civic Engagement
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
Majoritarian
50. how many seats are allotted to each electoral district
District Magnitude
Politics
Fascism
Method of Inference