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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Political Science
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Subjects
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clep
,
political-science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Ideology An ideology that seeks the active reshaping of minds of individuals and believes this can/must be done by force - Coercive mobilization - No social or political pluralism
Comparative Government
Totalitarianism
Contestation
Culture
2. An identity-based community - where the identity is strong enough that we think we should probably be sovereign...
Observational Laws
Nation
Utilitarian Justification
Interest Groups
3. Hypotheses based on what has been observed.
Consensual
Conservatism
Communism
Observational Laws
4. equality in political decision making: one vote per person - with all votes counted equally
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Three types of Political Organization
Constitution
political equality
5. A government with a one house legislature.
Unicameral Legislature
Madison's dilemma
Why States/Governments
Political Violence
6. A political organization that primarily uses lobbying - Currency/instrument: money - information - numbers
Theories
Interest Groups
Sovereignty
District Magnitude
7. A non-meritocratic system in which jobs and contracts are distributed according to partisan support - (The U.S. 'spoils system' of the 19th century')
Patronage
Sovereignty
Madison's dilemma
Primordialism
8. A basic plan that outlines the structure and functions of the national government. Clearly rooted in Western political thought - it sets limits on government and protects both property and individual rights.
Constitution
Bureaucracy
Culture
Participation
9. it works better in the long run - less risk/variability
Utilitarian Justification
Ideology
Primordialism
Science
10. Long-lived - Extreme lack of social pluralism - Well-defined ideology - Against capitalism - Based on Marxist arguments about class solidarity - economic determinism - Socialism run amok?
Identity
Liberalism
Transition
Communism
11. A political system controlled by rulers who deny popular participation in government
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Authoritarianism
Contestation
Political Violence
12. You see a puzzle - You come up with a potential explanation (a 'theory') - You test it with evidence (data drawn from the 5 senses) - You share the results with others and get their feedback - Repeat steps 2 through 4 until you publish
International Relations
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
Economics
Method of Inference
13. Concentration vs. dispersal of power
14. Individual rationality does not always lead to collective rationality - Walking on the grass - Policy implementation is problematic - Voting; protests; interest groups; etc. are underprovided (Olson's point)
Non-democratic regimes
Significance of Collective action problem
Culture
Unicameral Legislature
15. Selective incentives - Small group size - Social (solidary) incentives - Homogeneity - Others? Duty and altruism? Love?
Quantitative
Collective action problem: Solutions
Politics
Political Identity
16. In social movements - rational choice and culture come together - Culture: the sense of a righteous - popular will that has been subverted ('framing'/'grievance') - Motivates collective action - But also determines the choice of organization and tact
Social Movements: Causes
Patronage
Nation
Politics
17. Basically - synonymous for statistical method - Large numbers of observational data - 'Control' for confounding factors
Collective action problem: causes
Communism
Nation
Quantitative
18. Hard to amass resources (money and information) - Short-lived - The dilemma of formalization
Solidarity
Communism
Science
Disadvantages of Social Movements
19. Situation where all fully qualified citizens have an equal say
Comparative Government
Politics
Participation
Identity
20. Describes the principal characteristics of what has been studied.
Majoritarian
Participation
Method of Inference
Observational/Evidential
21. Also known as interpersonal trust & tolerance
Empirical Knowledge
Solidarity
Advantages of Social Movements
Terrorism
22. Use of method of inference to create generalizeable explanations
Collective action problem: Solutions
Science
(Civil) Society
political equality
23. Public administration (civil service). All (non-military) government workers not elected to their posts - but hired (United States beginning in 1880s)
Bureaucracy
Political Theory
Social Movements
Participation
24. A consciously derived - coherent set of beliefs that offers a comprehensive political program
Ideology
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
Constructivism
Why States/Governments
25. Political parties - Interest groups - Social movements
Nation
Collective action problem: Solutions
Culture
Three types of Political Organization
26. State of nature (collective action problem) - Hobbes' solution: the social contract
Participation
District Magnitude
Significance of Collective action problem
Why States/Governments
27. Political violence by non-state actors against civilian targets
Solidarity
Collective action problem: causes
Terrorism
Why States/Governments
28. Efficiency vs. representativeness
29. The mathematical formula used to allocate the seats according to the vote - Plurality or 'first-past-the-post' - various PR formulas - such as D'Hondt - largest remainders - St. Lague - etc.
Comparative Government
Collective action problem: causes
Political Science
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
30. The making of collectively binding decisions
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
Politics
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Liberalism
31. Force + Legitimacy
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
Authority
Constitution
Constitution
32. An organization that seeks elective office - Currency/instrument: votes
Democracy
Nation
Political Party
Constitution
33. Compiling a body of data based on direct observation that can be utilized both to explain what has been observed and to form valid generalizations.
Empirical Knowledge
Three types of Political Organization
(Civil) Society
Classic Liberal Argument
34. 19th - in the United States and Western Europe.
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
International Relations
Madison's dilemma
35. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Parliamentary supremacy - Number of chambers: Unicameral/weak bicameral - Federalism: Unitary
Madison's dilemma
Majoritarian
Economics
Constitution
36. Territorial monopoly over the legitimate use of force. Refers to the government + the people + the territory ('the country')
State
Authoritarianism
International Relations
Patronage
37. Analyzing the data that has been collected and offering plausible general principles that can be drawn from what has been observed.
Collective action problem: Solutions
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Theories
Political Violence
38. Warfare and military technology - Economic: development of trade and manufacturing and new financial/fiscal instruments - Cultural: Enlightenment - (There are also Environmental/geographic factors)
Bureaucracy
Political Factors of Strong States
Qualitative method
Ideology
39. Situation of stability - no party has incentive and ability to undermine the regime (Causes: cultural or economice - or military culture) - (Int'l Factors: U.S. foreign policy - Soviet foreign policy - Changes to Catholic doctrine - EU accession - G
Totalitarianism
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Politics
Consolidation
40. Shorter-lived - Slightly less repressive - Ideology not so clear - In favor of capitalism - though with state involvement - Based more on Social Darwinism/racism/nationlsm - Conservatism run amok?
Political Party
Fascism
Politics
Madison's dilemma
41. Any identity that significantly shapes our political decisions
political equality
Ideology
Political Identity
Social Movements: Causes
42. A formal document that sets up the basic rules of the political game
Political Factors of Strong States
Identity
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
Constitution
43. Process tracing through case studies. Requires a well-developed theory and minute examination ('process tracing')
Socialism
Transition
Qualitative method
District Magnitude
44. Process or moment of changing from one regime type to another Ex: Arab Springs (Causes: cultural or economice - or military culture) - (int'l factors: U.S. foreign policy - Soviet foreign policy - Changes to Catholic doctrine - EU accession - Globali
Participation
Advantages of Social Movements
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Transition
45. The use of force by states or non-state actors to achieve political goals
Economics
Political Violence
Sovereignty
Authoritarianism
46. monopoly over the legitimate use of force
Majoritarian
State
Participation
Sovereignty
47. America's two ideologies (Liberal and Conservative) are two versions of classic liberalism
Participation
Social Movements: Causes
classic Liberalism
Contestation
48. Think of this as gender as outcome; what factors - esp. political ones - lead to changes in gender roles? Key finding: politics does matter - especially who has an organized voice. Formal rules - number/identity of parties - etc.
Consolidation
Political Theory
Social Movements
Gender as a Process
49. The set of relationships among parties in a country - Often categorized by the effective number of parties.
Bureaucracy
Nation
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
Party System
50. Energy or righteous zeal wins large numbers of participants - Nimble in framing issues and changing tactics
Communism
Regime type
Advantages of Social Movements
Empirical Knowledge