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CLEP Political Science
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Subjects
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clep
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political-science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. America's two ideologies (Liberal and Conservative) are two versions of classic liberalism
Collective action problem: Solutions
classic Liberalism
Identity
Non-democratic regimes
2. A civil war (...) in which one party is the state - the insurgents win - the insurgents have a lot of popular support - and the insurgents implement 'wholesale political change'
Authority
Revolution
Significance of Collective action problem
Ideology
3. equality in political decision making: one vote per person - with all votes counted equally
Political Theory
Unicameral Legislature
political equality
Significance of Collective action problem
4. Force + Legitimacy
classic Liberalism
Authority
Social Movements: Causes
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
5. No or low citizen accountability ('subjects' rather than 'citizens') - Reciprocal relationship between leader and selectorate - Totalitarianism vs. authoritarianism
Non-democratic regimes
Collective action problem: causes
Participation
Political Party
6. Utility maximization - Preferences: Comparability/Completeness - Transitivity - Probability - Incomplete information and uncertainty about future - Mathematical modeling
Regime type
Nation
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
Solidarity
7. A non-meritocratic system in which jobs and contracts are distributed according to partisan support - (The U.S. 'spoils system' of the 19th century')
Patronage
Majoritarian
Comparative Government
Authority
8. Public administration (civil service). All (non-military) government workers not elected to their posts - but hired (United States beginning in 1880s)
State Strength
Bureaucracy
Identity
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
9. Regime where the rulers are accountable to the ruled.
classic Liberalism
Sovereignty
Democracy
Constitution
10. Traditionally measured as capacity and autonomy
Liberalism
State Strength
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Totalitarianism
11. The set of relationships among parties in a country - Often categorized by the effective number of parties.
Authoritarianism
Party System
Comparative Government
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
12. Hard to amass resources (money and information) - Short-lived - The dilemma of formalization
Contestation
Culture
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Unicameral Legislature
13. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Judicial Review - Number of chambers: bicameral - Federalism: Federal
Consensual
Advantages of Social Movements
Identity
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
14. The identities that can become political are those formed very early in life or perhaps vaguely racial/genetic. Struggles to explain (rapid) cultural change - or which identities become politicized
Primordialism
Political Factors of Strong States
Identity
Why States/Governments
15. A political organization that primarily uses lobbying - Currency/instrument: money - information - numbers
District Magnitude
Revolution
Interest Groups
Criticisms of Rational Choice
16. A systematic study of the structures of two or more political systems (such as those of Britain and the People's Republic of China) to achieve an understanding of how different societies manage the realities of governing. Also considered are politica
Political Identity
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
Comparative Government
Why States/Governments
17. Identities are malleable - and anything can become politicized. Struggles to explain fundamental patterns in political identity or their grasp on our souls. Can't really explain which identities become politicized either
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
Political Party
Constructivism
Communism
18. A consideration of how nations interact with each other within the frameworks of law - diplomacy - and international organizations such as the United Nations.
International Relations
Political Identity
Primordialism
Political Violence
19. Public vs. private goods - Non-exclusivity. The owner can't deny access - Inexhaustability. The good is never used up - Jointness of supply. Its existence depends on our combined contribution; truly 'collective' - Free riding. We generally fail to co
Regime type
Collective action problem: causes
Quantitative
Empirical Knowledge
20. The use of force by states or non-state actors to achieve political goals
Conservatism
Political Violence
Constructivism
Interest Groups
21. All voluntary associations/all secondary associations
Collective action problem: causes
Social Movements
Unicameral Legislature
(Civil) Society
22. Think of this as gender as outcome; what factors - esp. political ones - lead to changes in gender roles? Key finding: politics does matter - especially who has an organized voice. Formal rules - number/identity of parties - etc.
Gender as a Process
Regime type
Theories
Authoritarianism
23. Ideology An ideology that seeks the active reshaping of minds of individuals and believes this can/must be done by force - Coercive mobilization - No social or political pluralism
Totalitarianism
Collective action problem: causes
Threshold
Political Identity
24. when you must get a minimum percent of votes to have your votes count or (sometimes) to retain your party registration
Threshold
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Social Movements
Primordialism
25. Long-lived - Extreme lack of social pluralism - Well-defined ideology - Against capitalism - Based on Marxist arguments about class solidarity - economic determinism - Socialism run amok?
Communism
Regime type
Collective action problem: causes
Majoritarian
26. how many seats are allotted to each electoral district
District Magnitude
Participation
Politics
Utilitarian Justification
27. 19th - in the United States and Western Europe.
Gender as a Process
District Magnitude
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
Socialism
28. A basic plan that outlines the structure and functions of the national government. Clearly rooted in Western political thought - it sets limits on government and protects both property and individual rights.
Fascism
Constitution
Authoritarianism
Majoritarian
29. The making of collectively binding decisions
Science
Politics
Revolution
Constitution
30. Territorial monopoly over the legitimate use of force. Refers to the government + the people + the territory ('the country')
State Strength
State
Participation
Social Movements
31. An identity-based community - where the identity is strong enough that we think we should probably be sovereign...
Bureaucracy
Nation
State Strength
Three types of Political Organization
32. Think of this as 'gender as cause'. Gender roles change and/or mix of women in politics changes; what is the consequence? Key finding: having more women in public office changes the policy agenda - i.e. - more focus on women's issues
Collective action problem: causes
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Gender as a Category
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
33. Hypotheses based on what has been observed.
Culture
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Civic Engagement
Observational Laws
34. The organized study of government and politics. It borrows from the related disciplines of history - philosophy - sociology - economics - and law.
Political Factors of Strong States
Threshold
Theories
Political Science
35. Situation where all fully qualified citizens have an equal say
Social Movements
Civic Engagement
Participation
Authoritarianism
36. In social movements - rational choice and culture come together - Culture: the sense of a righteous - popular will that has been subverted ('framing'/'grievance') - Motivates collective action - But also determines the choice of organization and tact
Democracy
Social Movements: Causes
Civic Engagement
Transition
37. A formal document that sets up the basic rules of the political game
Regime type
Three types of Political Organization
Why States/Governments
Constitution
38. A government with a one house legislature.
Consensual
Democracy
Political Factors of Strong States
Unicameral Legislature
39. Historical origins. A reaction to liberalism - Central assumption: 'The highest good of society [is] the maintenance of ordered community and of common values' (p. 28) One of the 3 big idealogies
Conservatism
Collective action problem: causes
Bureaucracy
Political Theory
40. An organization that seeks elective office - Currency/instrument: votes
Political Theory
Political Party
Gender as a Category
Authority
41. The rules about making the rules - often embodied in a constitution.
Socialism
Regime type
Nation
Civic Engagement
42. Political parties - Interest groups - Social movements
Transition
Three types of Political Organization
District Magnitude
Disadvantages of Social Movements
43. Historical origins. A response to the old feudal order and the rise of modern capitalism - 'The highest good of society [is] the ability of the members of that society to develop their individual capacities to the fullest extent' (p. 26) One of the 3
Subfields of Political Science
Terrorism
classic Liberalism
Liberalism
44. Basically - density and quality of civil society
Ideology
Civic Engagement
Madison's dilemma
Sovereignty
45. A historical exploration of the major contributions to political thought from the ancient Greeks to the contemporary theorists. It also involves the philosophical and speculative consideration of the political world.
classic Liberalism
Sovereignty
Political Theory
Social Movements
46. A subset of culture - based on our ability to attach labels to ourselves and others - or to define ourselves in terms of the groups we belong to - Some political examples: Partisan identity - Class identity - Ethnic identity - National identity
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
Communism
Identity
Terrorism
47. Charismatic - Rational-legal - Traditional/patrimonial
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
Democracy
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Social Movements
48. Selective incentives - Small group size - Social (solidary) incentives - Homogeneity - Others? Duty and altruism? Love?
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Collective action problem: Solutions
State Strength
Solidarity
49. Analyzing the data that has been collected and offering plausible general principles that can be drawn from what has been observed.
Method of Inference
Theories
International Relations
Consensual
50. Energy or righteous zeal wins large numbers of participants - Nimble in framing issues and changing tactics
Participation
Advantages of Social Movements
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
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