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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Political Science
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Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
political-science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. No or low citizen accountability ('subjects' rather than 'citizens') - Reciprocal relationship between leader and selectorate - Totalitarianism vs. authoritarianism
Bureaucracy
Sovereignty
Non-democratic regimes
Why States/Governments
2. A consciously derived - coherent set of beliefs that offers a comprehensive political program
Gender as a Process
Culture
Ideology
Method of Inference
3. America's two ideologies (Liberal and Conservative) are two versions of classic liberalism
classic Liberalism
Consensual
Culture
Comparative Government
4. A political system controlled by rulers who deny popular participation in government
Democracy
Gender as a Category
Authoritarianism
Conservatism
5. when you must get a minimum percent of votes to have your votes count or (sometimes) to retain your party registration
Non-democratic regimes
Threshold
Solidarity
Civic Engagement
6. The organized study of government and politics. It borrows from the related disciplines of history - philosophy - sociology - economics - and law.
Political Science
Utilitarian Justification
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Constitution
7. Traditionally measured as capacity and autonomy
State Strength
Liberalism
Consensual
Three types of Political Organization
8. monopoly over the legitimate use of force
District Magnitude
Sovereignty
Madison's dilemma
Political Theory
9. The rules about making the rules - often embodied in a constitution.
Identity
Bureaucracy
Regime type
Consolidation
10. A systematic study of the structures of two or more political systems (such as those of Britain and the People's Republic of China) to achieve an understanding of how different societies manage the realities of governing. Also considered are politica
Quantitative
political equality
Terrorism
Comparative Government
11. The making of collectively binding decisions
Criticisms of Rational Choice
Constructivism
Empirical Knowledge
Politics
12. Historical origins. A response to the old feudal order and the rise of modern capitalism - 'The highest good of society [is] the ability of the members of that society to develop their individual capacities to the fullest extent' (p. 26) One of the 3
Civic Engagement
Method of Inference
Liberalism
Gender as a Process
13. how many seats are allotted to each electoral district
District Magnitude
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
Madison's dilemma
14. Public vs. private goods - Non-exclusivity. The owner can't deny access - Inexhaustability. The good is never used up - Jointness of supply. Its existence depends on our combined contribution; truly 'collective' - Free riding. We generally fail to co
Socialism
Collective action problem: causes
Culture
Regime type
15. A government with a one house legislature.
Subfields of Political Science
Unicameral Legislature
Bureaucracy
political equality
16. Efficiency vs. representativeness
17. In social movements - rational choice and culture come together - Culture: the sense of a righteous - popular will that has been subverted ('framing'/'grievance') - Motivates collective action - But also determines the choice of organization and tact
Gender as a Process
State Strength
Social Movements: Causes
Politics
18. Situation where all fully qualified citizens have an equal say
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Participation
Socialism
Economics
19. Charismatic - Rational-legal - Traditional/patrimonial
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Qualitative method
Advantages of Social Movements
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
20. An organization that seeks elective office - Currency/instrument: votes
Political Party
Qualitative method
Participation
Collective action problem: Solutions
21. (Voluntary) allocation (production and distribution) of goods and services
Economics
Classic Liberal Argument
Politics
Nation
22. Basically - synonymous for statistical method - Large numbers of observational data - 'Control' for confounding factors
Democracy
Quantitative
Significance of Collective action problem
Classic Liberal Argument
23. A consideration of how nations interact with each other within the frameworks of law - diplomacy - and international organizations such as the United Nations.
International Relations
Primordialism
Majoritarian
political equality
24. 19th - in the United States and Western Europe.
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
Political Factors of Strong States
Patronage
Identity
25. Warfare and military technology - Economic: development of trade and manufacturing and new financial/fiscal instruments - Cultural: Enlightenment - (There are also Environmental/geographic factors)
Comparative Government
State
Political Factors of Strong States
Terrorism
26. Think of this as gender as outcome; what factors - esp. political ones - lead to changes in gender roles? Key finding: politics does matter - especially who has an organized voice. Formal rules - number/identity of parties - etc.
Qualitative method
Gender as a Category
Political Science
Gender as a Process
27. Shorter-lived - Slightly less repressive - Ideology not so clear - In favor of capitalism - though with state involvement - Based more on Social Darwinism/racism/nationlsm - Conservatism run amok?
Empirical Knowledge
Fascism
Majoritarian
Gender as a Process
28. The identities that can become political are those formed very early in life or perhaps vaguely racial/genetic. Struggles to explain (rapid) cultural change - or which identities become politicized
Interest Groups
Ideology
Primordialism
District Magnitude
29. Public administration (civil service). All (non-military) government workers not elected to their posts - but hired (United States beginning in 1880s)
Regime type
Ideology
Gender as a Process
Bureaucracy
30. Think of this as 'gender as cause'. Gender roles change and/or mix of women in politics changes; what is the consequence? Key finding: having more women in public office changes the policy agenda - i.e. - more focus on women's issues
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
Gender as a Category
Observational Laws
District Magnitude
31. it works better in the long run - less risk/variability
Science
Identity
Observational/Evidential
Utilitarian Justification
32. Historical origins. Failure of liberalism to address shortcomings of capitalist industrialization; Marx - Central assumption: All persons are of equal value - but they cannot develop themselves alone
Fascism
Madison's dilemma
Socialism
Communism
33. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Parliamentary supremacy - Number of chambers: Unicameral/weak bicameral - Federalism: Unitary
Majoritarian
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Constitution
Non-democratic regimes
34. Utility: self-interest - but what constitutes self-interest? Material self-interest? Economics - Politics. Example: vote maximization - The gospel Failures of rationality - Really incomplete information & satisfaction - Intransitivity and other cogni
Criticisms of Rational Choice
Threshold
District Magnitude
Collective action problem: Solutions
35. Force + Legitimacy
Social Movements
Authority
Conservatism
Constitution
36. An identity-based community - where the identity is strong enough that we think we should probably be sovereign...
Identity
Party System
Political Identity
Nation
37. The mathematical formula used to allocate the seats according to the vote - Plurality or 'first-past-the-post' - various PR formulas - such as D'Hondt - largest remainders - St. Lague - etc.
Criticisms of Rational Choice
(Civil) Society
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
Madison's dilemma
38. Basically - density and quality of civil society
Gender as a Category
Civic Engagement
Bases of legitimacy/authority in non-democratic regimes
Contestation
39. A civil war (...) in which one party is the state - the insurgents win - the insurgents have a lot of popular support - and the insurgents implement 'wholesale political change'
Revolution
Conservatism
Criticisms of Rational Choice
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
40. Hard to amass resources (money and information) - Short-lived - The dilemma of formalization
political equality
Disadvantages of Social Movements
Conservatism
Social Movements: Causes
41. About agency: we deserve freedom and need to be held meaningfully accountable
Observational/Evidential
Patronage
Madison's dilemma
Classic Liberal Argument
42. Political parties - Interest groups - Social movements
Formula for allocating seats according to vote
Classic Liberal Argument
Politics
Three types of Political Organization
43. Ideology An ideology that seeks the active reshaping of minds of individuals and believes this can/must be done by force - Coercive mobilization - No social or political pluralism
Terrorism
Constitution
Totalitarianism
Why States/Governments
44. A non-meritocratic system in which jobs and contracts are distributed according to partisan support - (The U.S. 'spoils system' of the 19th century')
Patronage
Party System
Rational Choice (Individual Level)
Social Movements: Causes
45. Political violence by non-state actors against civilian targets
Lijphart's majoritarian vs. consensual
Civic Engagement
Observational/Evidential
Terrorism
46. Territorial monopoly over the legitimate use of force. Refers to the government + the people + the territory ('the country')
Three types of Political Organization
Significance of Collective action problem
Communism
State
47. Monarchies - Single-party regimes - Military regimes - Oligarchies - Theocracies - Personalistic regimes
Empirical Knowledge
political equality
Subfields of Political Science
Types and examples of non-democratic regimes
48. Compiling a body of data based on direct observation that can be utilized both to explain what has been observed and to form valid generalizations.
Empirical Knowledge
Classic Liberal Argument
classic Liberalism
Totalitarianism
49. Selective incentives - Small group size - Social (solidary) incentives - Homogeneity - Others? Duty and altruism? Love?
Qualitative method
Collective action problem: Solutions
(Civil) Society
political equality
50. Number of Parties 2 - Constitutional Review: Judicial Review - Number of chambers: bicameral - Federalism: Federal
Subfields of Political Science
During what century did political science emerge as a systemic study? Where?
Socialism
Consensual