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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Sociology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A term used by Bowles and Gintis to refer to the tendency of schools to promote the values expected of individuals in each social class and to prepare students for the types of jobs typically held by members of their class.
Family
Correspondence principle
Homophobia
Dominant ideology
2. The process by which a cultural item is spread from group to group or society to society.
Diffusion
Horticultural societies
Urbanism
Role conflict
3. Going along with one's peers - individuals of a person's own status - who have no special right to direct that person's behavior.
Surveillance function
Conformity
Preindustrial city
Social institutions
4. In Harold D. Lasswell's words - 'who gets what - when - and how.'
Downsizing
Narcotizing dysfunction
Politics
Gatekeeping
5. Max Weber's term for power made legitimate by a leader's exceptional personal or emotional appeal to his or her followers.
Prestige
Stratification
Cultural universals
Charismatic authority
6. A special-purpose group designed and structured for maximum efficiency.
Formal organization
Societal-reaction approach
New religious movement (NRM) or cult
Generalized others
7. A kinship system in which both sides of a person's family are regarded as equally important.
Bilateral descent
Resource mobilization
Traditional authority
Control variable
8. A speculative statement about the relationship between two or more variables.
Triad
Monopoly
Hypothesis
Opinion leader
9. Changes in a person's social position within his or her adult life.
Wealth
Control variable
Intragenerational mobility
Culture
10. A view of social interaction - popularized by Erving Goffman - under which people are examined as if they were theatrical performers.
Gatekeeping
Material culture
Dramaturgical approach
Coalition
11. A relatively small religious group that has broken away from some other religious organization to renew what it views as the original vision of the faith.
Cognitive theory of development
Luddites
Dyad
Sect
12. Print and electronic instruments of communication that carry messages to often widespread audiences.
Role taking
Death rate
Mass media
Out-group
13. A society whose economic system is primarily engaged in the processing and control of information.
Microsociology
Vital statistics
Postindustrial society
Informal social control
14. Commercial organizations that are headquartered in one country but do business throughout the world.
Community
Terrorism
Informal norms
Multinational corporations
15. The reputation that a particular individual has earned within an occupation.
Esteem
Credentialism
Mass media
Endogamy
16. A theory of social change that holds that change can occur in several ways and does not inevitably lead in the same direction.
Vested interests
Horizontal mobility
Multilinear evolutionary theory
Single-parent families
17. A functionalist approach that proposes that modernization and development will gradually improve the lives of people in peripheral nations.
Modernization theory
Evolutionary theory
Religious rituals
Role strain
18. A principle of organizational life - originated by Laurence J. Peter - according to which each individual within a hierarchy tends to rise to his or her level of incompetence.
Control variable
Self
Peter principle
Correspondence principle
19. A group that is set apart from others because of its national origin or distinctive cultural patterns.
Ethnography
Social change
Life chances
Ethnic group
20. The former policy of the South African government designed to maintain the separation of Blacks and other non-Whites from the dominant Whites.
Hunting-and-gathering society
Apartheid
Macrosociology
Multiple-nuclei theory
21. The process by which the principles of the fast-food restaurant have come to dominate certain sectors of society - both in the United States and throughout the world.
McDonaldization
Suburb
Polygamy
Gender roles
22. An approach to deviance that emphasizes the role of culture in the creation of the deviant identity.
Multinational corporations
Social constructionist perspective
Technology
Face-work
23. The tendency of workers in a bureaucracy to become so specialized that they develop blind spots and fail to notice obvious problems.
Routine activities theory
Trained incapacity
Bureaucracy
Values
24. The double burden--work outside the home followed by child care and housework--that many women face and few men share equitably.
Degradation ceremony
Questionnaire
Dependency theory
Second shift
25. A theory of urban growth that views growth as emerging from many centers of development - each of which may reflect a particular urban need or activity.
Labor unions
Vital statistics
Multiple-nuclei theory
Urban ecology
26. A small group characterized by intimate - face-to-face association and cooperation.
Invention
Charismatic authority
Primary group
Social structure
27. Failures that are inevitable - given the manner in which human and technological systems are organized.
Normal accidents
New religious movement (NRM) or cult
Laissez-faire
Causal logic
28. According to George Herbert Mead - the sum total of people's conscious perceptions of their own identity as distinct from others.
Manifest functions
Validity
Self
Genocide
29. A term used by Max Weber to refer to a group of people who have a similar level of wealth and income.
Segregation
Intragenerational mobility
Class
Social movements
30. Norms that generally are understood but are not precisely recorded.
Relative poverty
Informal norms
Natural science
Life chances
31. Distinctive patterns of social behavior evident among city residents.
Victimization surveys
Role exit
Polygyny
Urbanism
32. Behavior that violates the standards of conduct or expectations of a group or society.
Deviance
Minority group
Expressiveness
Exploitation theory
33. A sociological approach that assumes that social behavior is best understood in terms of conflict or tension between competing groups.
Conflict perspective
Resocialization
Extended family
Master status
34. Karl Marx's term for the capitalist class - comprising the owners of the means of production.
Rites of passage
Bourgeoisie
Latent functions
Colonialism
35. The act of physically separating two groups; often imposed on a minority group by a dominant group.
Globalization
Segregation
Nonmaterial culture
Postindustrial city
36. According to
Negotiation
Incest taboo
Religion
Vested interests
37. The ability to exercise one's will over others.
Power
Degradation ceremony
Slavery
Control group
38. A married couple and their unmarried children living together.
Nuclear family
Sect
Social epidemiology
Matriarchy
39. A term used by Ferdinand Tonnies to describe close-knit communities - often found in rural areas - in which strong personal bonds unite members.
World systems analysis
Gemeinschaft
Assimilation
Human ecology
40. An approach that contends that industrialized nations continue to exploit developing countries for their own gain.
Dependency theory
Exploitation theory
Ageism
Questionnaire
41. The restriction of mate selection to people within the same group.
Negotiation
Telecommuters
Sociobiology
Endogamy
42. The tendency to assume that one's culture and way of life represent the norm or are superior to all others.
Subculture
Issei
Socialism
Ethnocentrism
43. The movement of an individual from one social position to another of the same rank.
Capitalism
Deviance
Control theory
Horizontal mobility
44. A form of marriage in which a person can have several spouses in his or her lifetime but only one spouse at a time.
Feminist perspective
Gemeinschaft
Egalitarian family
Serial monogamy
45. Employees who work fulltime or part-time at home rather than in an outside office and who are linked to their supervisors and colleagues through computer terminals - phone lines - and fax machines.
Minority group
Telecommuters
Census
Dependency theory
46. A fairly large number of people who live in the same territory - are relatively independent of people outside it - and participate in a common culture.
Group
Religious experience
Society
Sociology
47. A set of cultural beliefs and practices that helps to maintain powerful social - economic - and political interests.
Proletariat
Minority group
Dominant ideology
Symbols
48. An inclusive term encompassing all of a person's material assets - including land and other types of property.
Hidden curriculum
Role conflict
Wealth
Sanctions
49. The most technologically advanced form of preindustrial society. Members are primarily engaged in the production of food but increase their crop yield through such innovations as the plow.
Innovation
Agrarian society
Deviance
Social role
50. A term used by sociologists to describe the willing exchange among adults of widely desired - but illegal - goods and services.
Telecommuters
Nonmaterial culture
Operational definition
Victimless crimes