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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Sociology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A negative attitude toward an entire category of people - such as a racial or ethnic minority.
Scientific method
Mores
Prejudice
Impression management
2. A research technique in which an investigator collects information through direct participation in and/or observation of a group - tribe - or community.
Observation
Role conflict
Environmental justice
Sociology
3. The process by which individuals acquire political attitudes and develop patterns of political behavior.
Political socialization
Cultural relativism
Status group
Conformity
4. A series of social relationships that links a person directly to others and therefore indirectly to still more people.
Social network
Iron law of oligarchy
Minority group
Demographic transition
5. Max Weber's term for objectivity of sociologists in the interpretation of data.
Value neutrality
Class system
Scientific management approach
Relative deprivation
6. A social system in which there is little or no possibility of individual mobility.
Closed system
Obedience
Denomination
Role exit
7. A condition in which members of a society have different amounts of wealth - prestige - or power.
Stratification
Infant mortality rate
Social inequality
Proletariat
8. A term used by sociologists to refer to any of the full range of socially defined positions within a large group or society.
New urban sociology
Status
Monopoly
Industrial city
9. Processes of socialization in which a person 'rehearses' for future positions - occupations - and social relationships.
Anomie theory of deviance
Culture shock
Social science
Anticipatory socialization
10. The standards of acceptable behavior developed by and for members of a profession.
Code of ethics
Castes
Sapir-Whorf hypothesis
Exploitation theory
11. In sociology - a set of statements that seeks to explain problems - actions - or behavior.
Issei
Theory
Legal-rational authority
Vertical mobility
12. A set of people related by blood - marriage (or some other agreed-upon relationship) - or adoption who share the primary responsibility for reproduction and caring for members of society.
Family
Exogamy
Law
Scientific method
13. Societal expectations about the attitudes and behavior of a person viewed as being ill.
Norms
Social structure
Sick role
Castes
14. A term used by George Herbert Mead to refer to the child's awareness of the attitudes - viewpoints - and expectations of society as a whole that a child takes into account in his or her behavior.
Polygamy
Gesellschaft
Generalized others
New religious movement (NRM) or cult
15. The restriction of mate selection to people within the same group.
Labor unions
Independent variable
Endogamy
Prejudice
16. Families in which there is only one parent present to care for children.
Single-parent families
Resocialization
Extended family
Industrial society
17. A floating standard of deprivation by which people at the bottom of a society - whatever their lifestyles - are judged to be disadvantaged in comparison with the nation as a whole.
Globalization
Relative poverty
Incest taboo
Social epidemiology
18. The study of an entire social setting through extended systematic observation.
Verstehen
Dependent variable
Ethnography
Terrorism
19. A family in which relatives--such as grandparents - aunts - or uncles--live in the same home as parents and their children.
Monopoly
Extended family
Discovery
Capitalism
20. The work of a group that regulates relations between various criminal enterprises involved in the smuggling and sale of drugs - prostitution - gambling - and other activities.
Life expectancy
Stratification
Intragenerational mobility
Organized crime
21. A form of capitalism under which people compete freely - with minimal government intervention in the economy.
Incidence
Credentialism
White-collar crime
Laissez-faire
22. The feeling of surprise and disorientation that is experienced when people witness cultural practices different from their own.
Culture shock
Cognitive theory of development
New religious movement (NRM) or cult
Dysfunction
23. The scientific study of population.
Anomie theory of deviance
Achieved status
Demography
Content analysis
24. A city characterized by relatively large size - open competition - an open class system - and elaborate specialization in the manufacturing of goods.
Master status
Kinship
Apartheid
Industrial city
25. A theory developed by Robert Merton that explains deviance as an adaptation either of socially prescribed goals or of the norms governing their attainment - or both.
Human ecology
Social interaction
Legal-rational authority
Anomie theory of deviance
26. A term used by Bowles and Gintis to refer to the tendency of schools to promote the values expected of individuals in each social class and to prepare students for the types of jobs typically held by members of their class.
Black power
Variable
Model or ideal minority
Correspondence principle
27. Karl Marx's term for the working class in a capitalist society.
Nonverbal communication
Value neutrality
Proletariat
Demographic transition
28. Subjects in an experiment who are exposed to an independent variable introduced by a researcher.
Conformity
Experimental group
Causal logic
Tracking
29. The prohibition of sexual relationships between certain culturally specified relatives.
Wealth
Incest taboo
Teacher-expectancy effect
Out-group
30. The process of introducing new elements into a culture through either discovery or invention.
Prestige
Social inequality
Innovation
Coalition
31. Long term trend in human societies that results from the interplay of innovation - continuity - and selection.
Sociocultural evolution
Racial group
Multiple-nuclei theory
Degradation ceremony
32. An area of study concerned with the interrelationships between people and their spatial setting and physical environment.
Self
Ageism
Social control
Human ecology
33. A functionalist approach that proposes that modernization and development will gradually improve the lives of people in peripheral nations.
Downsizing
Activity theory
Social movements
Modernization theory
34. A study - generally in the form of interviews or questionnaires - that provides sociologists and other researchers with information concerning how people think and act.
Survey
Society
Social role
Sociology
35. Failures that are inevitable - given the manner in which human and technological systems are organized.
Growth rate
Alienation
Normal accidents
Relative poverty
36. The movement of a person from one social position to another of a different rank.
Vertical mobility
Resource mobilization
Scientific management approach
Vested interests
37. A term used to describe the change from high birthrates and death rates to relatively low birthrates and death rates.
Mores
Disengagement theory
Esteem
Demographic transition
38. Durkheim's term for the loss of direction felt in a society when social control of individual behavior has become ineffective.
Goal displacement
Life expectancy
Growth rate
Anomie
39. Norms that generally have been written down and that specify strict rules for punishment of violators.
Racism
Deindustrialization
Formal norms
McDonaldization
40. Statements to which members of a particular religion adhere.
Generalized others
Reference group
Laissez-faire
Religious beliefs
41. Due to the stereotyping - this term has been abandoned by sociologists in favor of new religious movements.
New urban sociology
Informal norms
Cult
Operational definition
42. Organized patterns of beliefs and behavior centered on basic social needs.
Modernization theory
Segregation
Gesellschaft
Social institutions
43. A religious organization that claims to include most or all of the members of a society and is recognized as the national or official religion.
Interactionist perspective
Force
Ecclesia
Group
44. The number of live births per 1 -000 population in a given year. Also known as the crude birthrate.
Stereotypes
Small group
Neocolonialism
Birthrate
45. A label used to devalue members of deviant social groups.
Functionalist perspective
Census
Norms
Stigma
46. An aspect of the socialization process within total institutions - in which people are subjected to humiliating rituals.
Primary group
Theory
Degradation ceremony
Iron law of oligarchy
47. The double burden--work outside the home followed by child care and housework--that many women face and few men share equitably.
Racial group
Group
Vital statistics
Second shift
48. An approach to the study of formal organizations that views workers as being motivated almost entirely by economic rewards.
Activity theory
Discrimination
Classical theory
Deindustrialization
49. Movement of individuals or groups from one position of a society's stratification system to another.
Social mobility
Matriarchy
Independent variable
Egalitarian family
50. A term used by Erving Goffman to refer to the altering of the presentation of the self in order to create distinctive appearances and satisfy particular audiences.
Victimization surveys
Globalization
Impression management
Dependency theory