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CLEP Sociology

Subjects : clep, humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A set of expectations of people who occupy a given social position or status.






2. The process of introducing new elements into a culture through either discovery or invention.






3. As defined by the World Health Organization - a state of complete physical - mental - and social well-being - and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity.






4. An area of study concerned with the interrelationships between people and their spatial setting and physical environment.






5. Distinctive patterns of social behavior evident among city residents.






6. A city with only a few thousand people living within its borders and characterized by a relatively closed class system and limited mobility.






7. An approach to urbanization that considers the interplay of local - national - and worldwide forces and their effect on local space - with special emphasis on the impact of global economic activity.






8. Families in which there is only one parent present to care for children.






9. Organized workers who share either the same skill or the same employer.






10. An approach to the study of formal organizations that emphasizes the role of people - communication - and participation within a bureaucracy and tends to focus on the informal structure of the organization.






11. The requirement that people select mates outside certain groups.






12. Mmanuel Wallerstein's view of the global economic system as divided between certain industrialized nations that control wealth and developing countries that are controlled and exploited.






13. The act of physically separating two groups; often imposed on a minority group by a dominant group.






14. Social control carried out by authorized agents - such as police officers - judges - school administrators - and employers.






15. The notion that criminal victimization increases when there is a convergence of motivated offenders and suitable targets.






16. Difficulties that result from the differing demands and expectations associated with the same social position.






17. Unreliable generalizations about all members of a group that do not recognize individual differences within the group.






18. A sociological approach that generalizes about fundamental or everyday forms of social interaction.






19. A generally small - secretive religious group that represents either a new religion or a major innovation of an existing faith.






20. A term used by Erving Goffman to refer to the efforts of people to maintain the proper image and avoid embarrassment in public.






21. An authority pattern in which the adult members of the family are regarded as equals.






22. The process by which a cultural item is spread from group to group or society to society.






23. The number of new cases of a specific disorder occurring within a given population during a stated period of time.






24. An enumeration - or counting - of a population.






25. The belief that one race is supreme and all others are innately inferior.






26. The number of live births per 1 -000 population in a given year. Also known as the crude birthrate.






27. Fear of and prejudice against homosexuality.






28. A school of criminology that argues that criminal behavior is learned through social interactions.






29. Latino folk medicine using holistic health care and healing.






30. Another name for labeling theory.






31. The number of deaths per 1 -000 population in a given year. Also known as the crude death rate.






32. A spatial or political unit of social organization that gives people a sense of belonging - based either on shared residence in a particular place or on a common identity.






33. Norms that generally are understood but are not precisely recorded.






34. A principle of organizational life - originated by Laurence J. Peter - according to which each individual within a hierarchy tends to rise to his or her level of incompetence.






35. The feeling of surprise and disorientation that is experienced when people witness cultural practices different from their own.






36. The systematic coding and objective recording of data - guided by some rationale.






37. A special type of bar chart that shows the distribution of the population by gender and age.






38. Pride in the extended family - expressed through the maintenance of close ties and strong obligations to kinfolk.






39. A form of polygamy in which a woman can have several husbands at the same time.






40. The most technologically advanced form of preindustrial society. Members are primarily engaged in the production of food but increase their crop yield through such innovations as the plow.






41. The standards of acceptable behavior developed by and for members of a profession.






42. A functionalist approach that proposes that modernization and development will gradually improve the lives of people in peripheral nations.






43. A functionalist theory of aging introduced by Cumming and Henry that contends that society and the aging individual mutually sever many of their relationships.






44. An approach that contends that industrialized nations continue to exploit developing countries for their own gain.






45. Print and electronic instruments of communication that carry messages to often widespread audiences.






46. A theory of urban growth that sees growth in terms of a series of rings radiating from the central business district.






47. A social system in which there is little or no possibility of individual mobility.






48. An explanation of an abstract concept that is specific enough to allow a researcher to measure the concept.






49. A set of cultural beliefs and practices that helps to maintain powerful social - economic - and political interests.






50. A special-purpose group designed and structured for maximum efficiency.