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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Sociology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A small group characterized by intimate - face-to-face association and cooperation.
Peter principle
Primary group
Control variable
Surveillance function
2. A term used by George Herbert Mead to refer to the child's awareness of the attitudes - viewpoints - and expectations of society as a whole that a child takes into account in his or her behavior.
Mass media
Generalized others
Master status
Ecclesia
3. The process of denying opportunities and equal rights to individuals and groups because of prejudice or other arbitrary reasons.
Cultural relativism
Modernization
Discrimination
Political socialization
4. A fairly large number of people who live in the same territory - are relatively independent of people outside it - and participate in a common culture.
Relative deprivation
Society
Goal displacement
Population pyramid
5. A construct or model that serves as a measuring rod against which specific cases can be evaluated.
Defended neighborhood
Hidden curriculum
Generalized others
Ideal type
6. Any group that individuals use as a standard in evaluating themselves and their own behavior.
Zero population growth (ZPG)
Surveillance function
Capitalism
Reference group
7. Cultural adjustments to material conditions - such as customs - beliefs - patterns of communication - and ways of using material objects.
Sociological imagination
Expressiveness
Single-parent families
Nonmaterial culture
8. An interactionist theory of aging that argues that elderly people who remain active will be best-adjusted.
Environmental justice
Group
Creationism
Activity theory
9. Behavior that occurs when work benefits are made contingent on sexual favors (as a 'quid pro quo') or when touching - lewd comments - or appearance of pornographic material creates a 'hostile environment' in the workplace.
Rites of passage
Cognitive theory of development
Sexual harassment
Reference group
10. Collective conceptions of what is considered good - desirable - and proper--or bad - undesirable - and improper--in a culture.
Resource mobilization
Voluntary associations
Values
Validity
11. The actual or threatened use of coercion to impose one's will on others.
Survey
Force
Achieved status
Colonialism
12. A preindustrial society in which people rely on whatever foods and fiber are readily available in order to live.
Hypothesis
Modernization
Hunting-and-gathering society
Bourgeoisie
13. The gestures - objects - and language that form the basis of human communication.
Ageism
Symbols
Resource mobilization
Victimization surveys
14. Norms that generally are understood but are not precisely recorded.
Social control
Small group
Informal norms
Mass media
15. An economic system under which the means of production and distribution are collectively owned.
Socialism
Macrosociology
Intragenerational mobility
Bureaucracy
16. The exercise of power through a process of persuasion.
Demography
Horticultural societies
Influence
In-group
17. Another name for the classical theory of formal organizations.
Income
Gesellschaft
Xenocentrism
Scientific management approach
18. A standard of poverty based on a minimum level of subsistence below which families should not be expected to exist.
Endogamy
Small group
Cultural universals
Absolute poverty
19. A factor held constant to test the relative impact of an independent variable.
Informal economy
Control variable
Pluralism
Health
20. A face-to-face or telephone questioning of a respondent to obtain desired information.
Interview
Matriarchy
Discrimination
Demography
21. Veblen's term for those people or groups who will suffer in the event of social change and who have a stake in maintaining the status quo.
Charismatic authority
Vested interests
Nisei
Matriarchy
22. In Karl Marx's view - a subjective awareness held by members of a class regarding their common vested interests and need for collective political action to bring about social change.
Norms
Dominant ideology
Class consciousness
Castes
23. A form of polygamy in which a woman can have several husbands at the same time.
Family
Social institutions
Polyandry
Globalization
24. An increase in the lowest level of education required to enter a field.
Credentialism
Equilibrium model
Master status
Sick role
25. The social institution that relies on a recognized set of procedures for implementing and achieving the goals of a group.
Serial monogamy
Sociology
Industrial society
Political system
26. A term coined by Erving Goffman to refer to institutions that regulate all aspects of a person's life under a single authority - such as prisons - the military - mental hospitals - and convents.
Total institutions
Growth rate
Expressiveness
Racism
27. A theory of social change that holds that change can occur in several ways and does not inevitably lead in the same direction.
Multilinear evolutionary theory
Symbols
Pluralism
Teacher-expectancy effect
28. The process of introducing new elements into a culture through either discovery or invention.
Innovation
Religious experience
Societal-reaction approach
Cohabitation
29. A term used by Parsons and Bales to refer to emphasis on tasks - focus on more distant goals - and a concern for the external relationship between one's family and other social institutions.
Natural science
Instrumentality
Impression management
Informal norms
30. Crimes committed by affluent individuals or corporations in the course of their daily business activities.
Norms
Multiple-nuclei theory
White-collar crime
Achieved status
31. A term used by George Herbert Mead to refer to those individuals who are most important in the development of the self - such as parents - friends - and teachers.
Ideal type
Significant others
Control theory
Code of ethics
32. Practices required or expected of members of a faith.
Discrimination
Intergenerational mobility
Adoption
Religious rituals
33. An aspect of the socialization process within total institutions - in which people are subjected to humiliating rituals.
Degradation ceremony
Operational definition
Hidden curriculum
Tracking
34. The body of knowledge obtained by methods based upon systematic observation.
Latent functions
Science
Survey
Anticipatory socialization
35. A sociological approach that generalizes about fundamental or everyday forms of social interaction.
Charismatic authority
Interactionist perspective
Informal norms
Elite model
36. An inclusive term encompassing all of a person's material assets - including land and other types of property.
Demography
Wealth
Out-group
Matrilineal descent
37. The study of an entire social setting through extended systematic observation.
Agrarian society
Ethnography
Monopoly
Tracking
38. A society in which men dominate family decision making.
Total fertility rate (TFR)
Patriarchy
Domestic partnership
Social constructionist perspective
39. Social control carried out by authorized agents - such as police officers - judges - school administrators - and employers.
Anti-Semitism
World systems analysis
Expressiveness
Formal social control
40. A group that is set apart from others because of its national origin or distinctive cultural patterns.
Resource mobilization
Dependency theory
Census
Ethnic group
41. The ideology that one sex is superior to the other.
Sexism
Human relations approach
Questionnaire
Total fertility rate (TFR)
42. A society whose economic system is primarily engaged in the processing and control of information.
Gesellschaft
Hunting-and-gathering society
Postindustrial society
Crime
43. The sending of messages through the use of posture - facial expressions - and gestures.
Bilateral descent
Macrosociology
Nonverbal communication
Charismatic authority
44. A social position 'assigned' to a person by society without regard for the person's unique talents or characteristics.
Politics
Ascribed status
Political socialization
Human ecology
45. A literal interpretation of the Bible regarding the creation of man and the universe used to argue that evolution should not be presented as established scientific fact.
Urbanism
Invention
Creationism
Force
46. A set of cultural beliefs and practices that helps to maintain powerful social - economic - and political interests.
Total institutions
Counterculture
Multiple-nuclei theory
Dominant ideology
47. A group that - despite past prejudice and discrimination - succeeds economically - socially - and educationally without resorting to political or violent confrontations with Whites.
Activity theory
Primary group
Model or ideal minority
Gesellschaft
48. Penalties and rewards for conduct concerning a social norm.
Model or ideal minority
Sanctions
Established sect
Racism
49. A group or category to which people feel they do not belong.
Growth rate
Self
Out-group
Denomination
50. The scientific study of population.
Gesellschaft
Informal social control
Demography
Minority group