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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Sociology
Start Test
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Subjects
:
clep
,
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A term used by George Herbert Mead to refer to those individuals who are most important in the development of the self - such as parents - friends - and teachers.
Matrilineal descent
Racism
Significant others
Religious beliefs
2. A term coined by Erving Goffman to refer to institutions that regulate all aspects of a person's life under a single authority - such as prisons - the military - mental hospitals - and convents.
Total institutions
Multinational corporations
Face-work
Informal economy
3. A kinship system that favors the relatives of the father.
Counterculture
Discovery
Patrilineal descent
Urban ecology
4. The impact that a teacher's expectations about a student's performance may have on the student's actual achievements.
Sanctions
Glass ceiling
Face-work
Teacher-expectancy effect
5. Subjects in an experiment who are exposed to an independent variable introduced by a researcher.
Experimental group
Infant mortality rate
Class system
Secularization
6. An approach to the study of formal organizations that emphasizes the role of people - communication - and participation within a bureaucracy and tends to focus on the informal structure of the organization.
Total institutions
Issei
Human relations approach
Infant mortality rate
7. The notion that criminal victimization increases when there is a convergence of motivated offenders and suitable targets.
Stereotypes
Primary group
Culture lag
Routine activities theory
8. A violation of criminal law for which formal penalties are applied by some governmental authority.
Crime
Deviance
Diffusion
Material culture
9. Employees who work fulltime or part-time at home rather than in an outside office and who are linked to their supervisors and colleagues through computer terminals - phone lines - and fax machines.
Self
Amalgamation
Luddites
Telecommuters
10. Sociological investigation that stresses study of small groups and often uses laboratory experimental studies.
Relative poverty
Vital statistics
Modernization
Microsociology
11. A structured ranking of entire groups of people that perpetuates unequal economic rewards and power in a society.
Stratification
Dyad
Polygamy
Suburb
12. A form of marriage in which an individual can have several husbands or wives simultaneously.
Social mobility
Self
Polygamy
Human ecology
13. Norms that generally have been written down and that specify strict rules for punishment of violators.
Matriarchy
Income
Formal norms
Bureaucratization
14. A floating standard of deprivation by which people at the bottom of a society - whatever their lifestyles - are judged to be disadvantaged in comparison with the nation as a whole.
World systems analysis
Relative poverty
Relative deprivation
Authority
15. A society in which men dominate family decision making.
Racial group
Patriarchy
White-collar crime
Legal-rational authority
16. A city in which global finance and the electronic flow of information dominate the economy.
Control theory
Postindustrial city
Dyad
Economic system
17. The scientific study of population.
Postmodern society
Family
Demography
Nonmaterial culture
18. The variable in a causal relationship that - when altered - causes or influences a change in a second variable.
Social institutions
Independent variable
Zero population growth (ZPG)
Religious rituals
19. An interactionist theory of aging that argues that elderly people who remain active will be best-adjusted.
Subculture
Resocialization
Glass ceiling
Activity theory
20. The process of denying opportunities and equal rights to individuals and groups because of prejudice or other arbitrary reasons.
Nuclear family
Discrimination
Stratification
Narcotizing dysfunction
21. A component of formal organization in which rules and hierarchical ranking are used to achieve efficiency.
Manifest functions
Economic system
Bureaucracy
Telecommuters
22. The standards of acceptable behavior developed by and for members of a profession.
Nisei
White-collar crime
Personality
Code of ethics
23. The number of new cases of a specific disorder occurring within a given population during a stated period of time.
Professional criminal
Control theory
Modernization
Incidence
24. The relationship between a condition or variable and a particular consequence - with one event leading to the other.
Religious beliefs
Denomination
Causal logic
Informal norms
25. The process of making known or sharing the existence of an aspect of reality.
Crime
Informal economy
Survey
Discovery
26. The number of deaths per 1 -000 population in a given year. Also known as the crude death rate.
Cognitive theory of development
Innovation
Sexism
Death rate
27. A functionalist theory of aging introduced by Cumming and Henry that contends that society and the aging individual mutually sever many of their relationships.
Economic system
Class
Self
Disengagement theory
28. A theory of urban growth that views growth as emerging from many centers of development - each of which may reflect a particular urban need or activity.
Generalized others
Multiple-nuclei theory
Cultural transmission
Science
29. A term used by Bowles and Gintis to refer to the tendency of schools to promote the values expected of individuals in each social class and to prepare students for the types of jobs typically held by members of their class.
Instrumentality
Esteem
Correspondence principle
Religious beliefs
30. The deliberate - systematic killing of an entire people or nation.
Genocide
Discovery
Informal economy
Credentialism
31. A series of social relationships that links a person directly to others and therefore indirectly to still more people.
Social network
Dramaturgical approach
Master status
Modernization
32. The process by which a cultural item is spread from group to group or society to society.
Suburb
Class consciousness
Diffusion
Sacred
33. An explanation of an abstract concept that is specific enough to allow a researcher to measure the concept.
Slavery
Laissez-faire
Total institutions
Operational definition
34. According to George Herbert Mead - the sum total of people's conscious perceptions of their own identity as distinct from others.
Proletariat
Institutional discrimination
Community
Self
35. An approach to deviance that emphasizes the role of culture in the creation of the deviant identity.
Ethnocentrism
Stigma
Social constructionist perspective
Argot
36. Someone who - through day-to-day personal contacts and communication - influences the opinions and discussions of others.
Total fertility rate (TFR)
Sociology
Opinion leader
Vested interests
37. Veblen's term for those people or groups who will suffer in the event of social change and who have a stake in maintaining the status quo.
Extended family
Urbanism
Vested interests
Gemeinschaft
38. Latino folk medicine using holistic health care and healing.
Curanderismo
Industrial society
Growth rate
Invention
39. Mutual respect between the various groups in a society for one another's cultures - which allows minorities to express their own cultures without experiencing prejudice.
Pluralism
Social science
Face-work
Socialism
40. Failures that are inevitable - given the manner in which human and technological systems are organized.
Qualitative research
Anticipatory socialization
Zero population growth (ZPG)
Normal accidents
41. A two-member group.
Dyad
Informal economy
Observation
Evolutionary theory
42. The process by which the principles of the fast-food restaurant have come to dominate certain sectors of society - both in the United States and throughout the world.
Elite model
Culture shock
McDonaldization
Social structure
43. Jean Piaget's theory explaining how children's thought progresses through four stages.
Cognitive theory of development
Health
Family
Out-group
44. A term used to describe the change from high birthrates and death rates to relatively low birthrates and death rates.
Secondary group
Status group
Demographic transition
Correspondence principle
45. Due to the stereotyping - this term has been abandoned by sociologists in favor of new religious movements.
Classical theory
Cult
Religious experience
Charismatic authority
46. The most technologically advanced form of preindustrial society. Members are primarily engaged in the production of food but increase their crop yield through such innovations as the plow.
Sect
Quantitative research
Agrarian society
Coalition
47. The totality of learned - socially transmitted behavior.
Dramaturgical approach
Culture
Quantitative research
Generalized others
48. The process through which religion's influence on other social institutions diminishes.
Suburb
Generalized others
Secularization
Crime
49. An approach that contends that industrialized nations continue to exploit developing countries for their own gain.
Evolutionary theory
Proletariat
Dependency theory
Theory
50. A subculture that deliberately opposes certain aspects of the larger culture.
Counterculture
Conflict perspective
Experiment
Cohabitation
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