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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Sociology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A term used by C. Wright Mills for a small group of military - industrial - and government leaders who control the fate of the United States.
Power elite
Formal organization
E-commerce
Polygamy
2. Sociological investigation that concentrates on large-scale phenomena or entire civilizations.
Victimization surveys
Formal norms
Macrosociology
Horizontal mobility
3. A view of society in which many competing groups within the community have access to governmental officials so that no single group is dominant.
Pluralist model
Political socialization
Social epidemiology
Downsizing
4. Use of a church - primarily Roman Catholicism - in a political effort to eliminate poverty - discrimination - and other forms of injustice evident in a secular society.
Reference group
Liberation theology
Formal norms
Infant mortality rate
5. An invisible barrier that blocks the promotion of a qualified individual in a work environment because of the individual's gender - race - or ethnicity.
Incidence
Coalition
Conflict perspective
Glass ceiling
6. Talcott Parsons's functionalist view of society as tending toward a state of stability or balance.
Sect
Institutional discrimination
Incidence
Equilibrium model
7. A speculative statement about the relationship between two or more variables.
Endogamy
Hypothesis
Sociobiology
Causal logic
8. An awareness of the relationship between an individual and the wider society.
Sociological imagination
Legal-rational authority
False consciousness
Secondary analysis
9. Rebellious craft workers in nineteenth-century England who destroyed new factory machinery as part of their resistance to the industrial revolution.
Prevalence
Cultural universals
Luddites
Bilateral descent
10. A society whose economic system is primarily engaged in the processing and control of information.
Postindustrial society
Capitalism
Functionalist perspective
Evolutionary theory
11. A condition in which members of a society have different amounts of wealth - prestige - or power.
Formal social control
Social inequality
Income
Postmodern society
12. A sociological approach that generalizes about fundamental or everyday forms of social interaction.
Deviance
Total fertility rate (TFR)
Interactionist perspective
Exogamy
13. Unreliable generalizations about all members of a group that do not recognize individual differences within the group.
Nonmaterial culture
Theory
Multilinear evolutionary theory
Stereotypes
14. The degree to which a scale or measure truly reflects the phenomenon under study.
Latent functions
Validity
Sapir-Whorf hypothesis
Bourgeoisie
15. Movement of individuals or groups from one position of a society's stratification system to another.
Social mobility
Growth rate
Polygyny
Sexism
16. Subjects in an experiment who are exposed to an independent variable introduced by a researcher.
Matriarchy
Kinship
Role conflict
Experimental group
17. The far-reaching process by which a society moves from traditional or less developed institutions to those characteristic of more developed societies.
Laissez-faire
Interactionist perspective
Modernization
Social control
18. Collective conceptions of what is considered good - desirable - and proper--or bad - undesirable - and improper--in a culture.
Endogamy
Values
Census
Status group
19. Another name for labeling theory.
Incest taboo
Crime
Societal-reaction approach
Familism
20. A selection from a larger population that is statistically representative of that population.
Sociobiology
Sample
Hypothesis
Affirmative action
21. An interactionist theory of aging that argues that elderly people who remain active will be best-adjusted.
Invention
Esteem
Socialization
Activity theory
22. Sociological investigation that stresses study of small groups and often uses laboratory experimental studies.
Contact hypothesis
Microsociology
Looking-glass self
Total fertility rate (TFR)
23. A theory of social change that holds that society is moving in a definite direction.
Evolutionary theory
Kinship
Intragenerational mobility
Formal organization
24. An approach to deviance that attempts to explain why certain people are viewed as deviants while others engaging in the same behavior are not.
Out-group
Social mobility
Labeling theory
Macrosociology
25. Specialized language used by members of a group or subculture.
Mores
Microsociology
Macrosociology
Argot
26. A society that depends on mechanization to produce its economic goods and services.
Social mobility
Community
Industrial society
Iron law of oligarchy
27. A component of formal organization in which rules and hierarchical ranking are used to achieve efficiency.
Control variable
Bureaucracy
Racism
Narcotizing dysfunction
28. A three-member group.
Deindustrialization
Prestige
Triad
Sect
29. Norms that generally are understood but are not precisely recorded.
Informal norms
Political socialization
Alienation
Hidden curriculum
30. A term used by Erving Goffman to refer to the altering of the presentation of the self in order to create distinctive appearances and satisfy particular audiences.
Impression management
Glass ceiling
Authority
Education
31. A kinship system that favors the relatives of the mother.
Castes
Matrilineal descent
Class system
Crime
32. A relationship between two variables whereby a change in one coincides with a change in the other.
Endogamy
Correlation
New social movements
Instrumentality
33. A group that is set apart from others because of obvious physical differences.
Racial group
Negotiated order
Profane
Manifest functions
34. Significant alteration over time in behavior patterns and culture - including norms and values.
Postindustrial city
Survey
Social change
Observation
35. Organizations established on the basis of common interest - whose members volunteer or even pay to participate.
Voluntary associations
Matrilineal descent
Family
Coalition
36. A system of enforced servitude in which people are legally owned by others and in which enslaved status is transferred from parents to children.
Role conflict
Incest taboo
Slavery
Authority
37. Mutual respect between the various groups in a society for one another's cultures - which allows minorities to express their own cultures without experiencing prejudice.
Negotiation
Traditional authority
Pluralism
Intragenerational mobility
38. The double burden--work outside the home followed by child care and housework--that many women face and few men share equitably.
Counterculture
Second shift
Intragenerational mobility
Out-group
39. Overzealous conformity to official regulations within a bureaucracy.
Prejudice
Goal displacement
Education
Achieved status
40. The process by which the principles of the fast-food restaurant have come to dominate certain sectors of society - both in the United States and throughout the world.
Resource mobilization
McDonaldization
Functionalist perspective
Minority group
41. Established standards of behavior maintained by a society.
Ageism
Norms
Life chances
Postindustrial society
42. A theory of deviance proposed by Edwin Sutherland that holds that violation of rules results from exposure to attitudes favorable to criminal acts.
Differential association
Endogamy
Class consciousness
Control theory
43. The state of a population with a growth rate of zero - achieved when the number of births plus immigrants is equal to the number of deaths plus emigrants.
Invention
Modernization theory
Zero population growth (ZPG)
Absolute poverty
44. An inclusive term encompassing all of a person's material assets - including land and other types of property.
Population pyramid
Small group
Social science
Wealth
45. Anti-Jewish prejudice.
Anti-Semitism
Discrimination
Conflict perspective
Qualitative research
46. The attempt to reach agreement with others concerning some objective.
Stratification
Negotiation
Relative poverty
Modernization
47. Due to the stereotyping - this term has been abandoned by sociologists in favor of new religious movements.
Fertility
Cult
Apartheid
Language
48. The systematic - widespread withdrawal of investment in basic aspects of productivity such as factories and plants.
Deindustrialization
Politics
Culture
Incest taboo
49. The tendency to assume that one's culture and way of life represent the norm or are superior to all others.
Ethnocentrism
Formal norms
Segregation
Endogamy
50. Organized collective activities that promote autonomy and self-determination as well as improvements in the quality of life.
New social movements
Infant mortality rate
Sexism
Intragenerational mobility