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CLEP Sociology
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Subjects
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clep
,
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Subjects in an experiment who are not introduced to the independent variable by the researcher.
Neocolonialism
Control group
Nuclear family
Personality
2. The techniques and strategies for preventing deviant human behavior in any society.
Social control
Nonmaterial culture
Relative deprivation
Xenocentrism
3. The social institution through which goods and services are produced - distributed - and consumed.
Economic system
Hunting-and-gathering society
False consciousness
Pluralist model
4. A temporary or permanent alliance geared toward a common goal.
Coalition
Megalopolis
Hunting-and-gathering society
Technology
5. A measurable trait or characteristic that is subject to change under different conditions.
Variable
Curanderismo
Coalition
Industrial society
6. A sociological approach that emphasizes the way that parts of a society are structured to maintain its stability.
Functionalist perspective
Multinational corporations
Interview
Formal norms
7. A subordinate group whose members have significantly less control or power over their own lives than the members of a dominant or majority group have over theirs.
Adoption
Minority group
Socialism
Social interaction
8. A society in which women dominate in family decision making.
Capitalism
Prejudice
Observation
Matriarchy
9. The process of disengagement from a role that is central to one's selfidentity and reestablishment of an identity in a new role.
Role exit
Invention
Legal-rational authority
Generalized others
10. A city with only a few thousand people living within its borders and characterized by a relatively closed class system and limited mobility.
Causal logic
Preindustrial city
Feminist perspective
Elite model
11. An inclusive term encompassing all of a person's material assets - including land and other types of property.
Wealth
Contact hypothesis
Reference group
Traditional authority
12. A theory developed by Robert Merton that explains deviance as an adaptation either of socially prescribed goals or of the norms governing their attainment - or both.
Industrial city
Social science
Anomie theory of deviance
Prevalence
13. The state of being related to others.
Total institutions
Kinship
Social interaction
Polygyny
14. The number of deaths per 1 -000 population in a given year. Also known as the crude death rate.
Kinship
Experiment
Stratification
Death rate
15. A factor held constant to test the relative impact of an independent variable.
Dependency theory
Wealth
Control variable
Cognitive theory of development
16. The actual or threatened use of coercion to impose one's will on others.
Reliability
Force
Class system
Dyad
17. Difficulties that result from the differing demands and expectations associated with the same social position.
Role strain
Invention
Profane
Minority group
18. Organized collective activities to bring about or resist fundamental change in an existing group or society.
Evolutionary theory
Social movements
Ascribed status
Reference group
19. A structured ranking of entire groups of people that perpetuates unequal economic rewards and power in a society.
Stratification
Professional criminal
Folkways
Informal norms
20. Research that collects and reports data primarily in numerical form.
Amalgamation
Quantitative research
Theory
Reference group
21. Difficulties that occur when incompatible expectations arise from two or more social positions held by the same person.
Minority group
Hypothesis
Survey
Role conflict
22. An awareness of the relationship between an individual and the wider society.
Genocide
Sociological imagination
Content analysis
Conformity
23. A subculture that deliberately opposes certain aspects of the larger culture.
Dependency theory
Counterculture
Small group
Religious rituals
24. An approach to the study of formal organizations that emphasizes the role of people - communication - and participation within a bureaucracy and tends to focus on the informal structure of the organization.
Human relations approach
Sacred
Dependency theory
Vested interests
25. Organized patterns of beliefs and behavior centered on basic social needs.
Hawthorne effect
Industrial society
Social institutions
Quantitative research
26. The number of deaths of infants under one year of age per 1 -000 live births in a given year.
Functionalist perspective
Infant mortality rate
Diffusion
Scientific method
27. A society in which men dominate family decision making.
Technology
Patriarchy
Political socialization
Stigma
28. Information about how to use the material resources of the environment to satisfy human needs and desires.
Formal norms
Curanderismo
Intergenerational mobility
Technology
29. A theory of urban growth that sees growth in terms of a series of rings radiating from the central business district.
Degradation ceremony
Growth rate
Concentric-zone theory
Extended family
30. The process of denying opportunities and equal rights to individuals and groups because of prejudice or other arbitrary reasons.
Curanderismo
Iron law of oligarchy
Discrimination
Law
31. The number of new cases of a specific disorder occurring within a given population during a stated period of time.
Incidence
Role strain
Activity theory
Politics
32. A detailed plan or method for obtaining data scientifically.
Research design
Informal social control
Ethnic group
Narcotizing dysfunction
33. Mutual respect between the various groups in a society for one another's cultures - which allows minorities to express their own cultures without experiencing prejudice.
Megalopolis
Pluralism
Nuclear family
Manifest functions
34. A society that depends on mechanization to produce its economic goods and services.
Bilateral descent
Charismatic authority
Industrial society
Morbidity rates
35. Norms deemed highly necessary to the welfare of a society.
Counterculture
Mores
Population pyramid
Postindustrial society
36. Statements to which members of a particular religion adhere.
Formal norms
Multilinear evolutionary theory
Religious beliefs
Social epidemiology
37. A theory of urban growth that views growth as emerging from many centers of development - each of which may reflect a particular urban need or activity.
Multiple-nuclei theory
Peter principle
Degradation ceremony
Quantitative research
38. Power that has been institutionalized and is recognized by the people over whom it is exercised.
Gatekeeping
Authority
Postmodern society
Role taking
39. Changes in the social position of children relative to their parents.
Profane
Intergenerational mobility
Cultural transmission
Status
40. A hypothesis concerning the role of language in shaping cultures. It holds that language is culturally determined and serves to influence our mode of thought.
Diffusion
Sapir-Whorf hypothesis
Stratification
Power
41. A kinship system that favors the relatives of the mother.
Personality
Matrilineal descent
Cultural relativism
Labeling theory
42. A term used by Bowles and Gintis to refer to the tendency of schools to promote the values expected of individuals in each social class and to prepare students for the types of jobs typically held by members of their class.
Influence
Stigma
Relative deprivation
Correspondence principle
43. Organizations established on the basis of common interest - whose members volunteer or even pay to participate.
Control variable
Deindustrialization
Random sample
Voluntary associations
44. The process of discarding former behavior patterns and accepting new ones as part of a transition in one's life.
Force
Resocialization
Dysfunction
Urban ecology
45. A view of society in which many competing groups within the community have access to governmental officials so that no single group is dominant.
Pluralist model
Demographic transition
Social structure
Sample
46. An artificially created situation that allows the researcher to manipulate variables.
Traditional authority
Established sect
Microsociology
Experiment
47. The work of a group that regulates relations between various criminal enterprises involved in the smuggling and sale of drugs - prostitution - gambling - and other activities.
Organized crime
Vested interests
Narcotizing dysfunction
Social interaction
48. A functionalist approach that proposes that modernization and development will gradually improve the lives of people in peripheral nations.
Sociocultural evolution
Modernization theory
Victimless crimes
Argot
49. Another name for the classical theory of formal organizations.
Control group
Resocialization
Scientific management approach
Elite model
50. A political philosophy promoted by many younger Blacks in the 1960s that supported the creation of Black-controlled political and economic institutions.
Black power
Bilingualism
Theory
Multiple-nuclei theory
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