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CLEP Sociology

Subjects : clep, humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The collection and distribution of information concerning events in the social environment.






2. Any group that individuals use as a standard in evaluating themselves and their own behavior.






3. The ways in which a social movement utilizes such resources as money - political influence - access to the media - and personnel.






4. A term coined by Erving Goffman to refer to institutions that regulate all aspects of a person's life under a single authority - such as prisons - the military - mental hospitals - and convents.






5. Subjects in an experiment who are exposed to an independent variable introduced by a researcher.






6. The techniques and strategies for preventing deviant human behavior in any society.






7. A technique for measuring social class that assigns individuals to classes on the basis of criteria such as occupation - education - income - and place of residence.






8. A city with only a few thousand people living within its borders and characterized by a relatively closed class system and limited mobility.






9. The exercise of power through a process of persuasion.






10. An approach to urbanization that considers the interplay of local - national - and worldwide forces and their effect on local space - with special emphasis on the impact of global economic activity.






11. An economic system under which the means of production and distribution are collectively owned.






12. A principle of organizational life - originated by Laurence J. Peter - according to which each individual within a hierarchy tends to rise to his or her level of incompetence.






13. Use of a church - primarily Roman Catholicism - in a political effort to eliminate poverty - discrimination - and other forms of injustice evident in a secular society.






14. A religious organization that claims to include most or all of the members of a society and is recognized as the national or official religion.






15. A theory of urban growth that views growth as emerging from many centers of development - each of which may reflect a particular urban need or activity.






16. A principle of organizational life developed by Robert Michels under which even democratic organizations will become bureaucracies ruled by a few individuals.






17. The act of physically separating two groups; often imposed on a minority group by a dominant group.






18. An approach to deviance that emphasizes the role of culture in the creation of the deviant identity.






19. A term coined by Robert N. Butler to refer to prejudice and discrimination against the elderly.






20. Pride in the extended family - expressed through the maintenance of close ties and strong obligations to kinfolk.






21. A society in which men dominate family decision making.






22. Crimes committed by affluent individuals or corporations in the course of their daily business activities.






23. Norms deemed highly necessary to the welfare of a society.






24. Mmanuel Wallerstein's view of the global economic system as divided between certain industrialized nations that control wealth and developing countries that are controlled and exploited.






25. The study of the physical features of nature and the ways in which they interact and change.






26. An inclusive term encompassing all of a person's material assets - including land and other types of property.






27. Someone who - through day-to-day personal contacts and communication - influences the opinions and discussions of others.






28. A theory of urban growth that sees growth in terms of a series of rings radiating from the central business district.






29. Legitimate power conferred by custom and accepted practice.






30. The process by which individuals acquire political attitudes and develop patterns of political behavior.






31. A standard of poverty based on a minimum level of subsistence below which families should not be expected to exist.






32. Print and electronic instruments of communication that carry messages to often widespread audiences.






33. A term used by sociologists to describe the willing exchange among adults of widely desired - but illegal - goods and services.






34. A view of society in which many competing groups within the community have access to governmental officials so that no single group is dominant.






35. The tendency of workers in a bureaucracy to become so specialized that they develop blind spots and fail to notice obvious problems.






36. A view of social interaction - popularized by Erving Goffman - under which people are examined as if they were theatrical performers.






37. A form of capitalism under which people compete freely - with minimal government intervention in the economy.






38. Organizations established on the basis of common interest - whose members volunteer or even pay to participate.






39. The variable in a causal relationship that - when altered - causes or influences a change in a second variable.






40. In a legal sense - a process that allows for the transfer of the legal rights - responsibilities - and privileges of parenthood to a new legal parent or parents.






41. Long term trend in human societies that results from the interplay of innovation - continuity - and selection.






42. Power that has been institutionalized and is recognized by the people over whom it is exercised.






43. Established standards of behavior maintained by a society.






44. The process of denying opportunities and equal rights to individuals and groups because of prejudice or other arbitrary reasons.






45. The far-reaching process by which a society moves from traditional or less developed institutions to those characteristic of more developed societies.






46. The movement of an individual from one social position to another of the same rank.






47. A society whose economic system is primarily engaged in the processing and control of information.






48. A theory developed by Robert Merton that explains deviance as an adaptation either of socially prescribed goals or of the norms governing their attainment - or both.






49. A spatial or political unit of social organization that gives people a sense of belonging - based either on shared residence in a particular place or on a common identity.






50. Organized collective activities that promote autonomy and self-determination as well as improvements in the quality of life.