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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Sociology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The process through which religion's influence on other social institutions diminishes.
Value neutrality
Secularization
Looking-glass self
Demographic transition
2. The state of being related to others.
Community
Kinship
Egalitarian family
Resource mobilization
3. An enumeration - or counting - of a population.
Industrial society
Dysfunction
Counterculture
Census
4. A school of criminology that argues that criminal behavior is learned through social interactions.
Control theory
Cultural transmission
Health
Conformity
5. Crimes committed by affluent individuals or corporations in the course of their daily business activities.
White-collar crime
Cohabitation
Gender roles
Culture shock
6. Mmanuel Wallerstein's view of the global economic system as divided between certain industrialized nations that control wealth and developing countries that are controlled and exploited.
Secondary group
Discovery
World systems analysis
Role exit
7. The tendency to assume that one's culture and way of life represent the norm or are superior to all others.
Nonverbal communication
Independent variable
Matriarchy
Ethnocentrism
8. The collection and distribution of information concerning events in the social environment.
Wealth
Primary group
Surveillance function
Mortality rate
9. The act of physically separating two groups; often imposed on a minority group by a dominant group.
Deviance
Segregation
Social inequality
Nonverbal communication
10. The systematic coding and objective recording of data - guided by some rationale.
Credentialism
Content analysis
Argot
Primary group
11. A hypothesis concerning the role of language in shaping cultures. It holds that language is culturally determined and serves to influence our mode of thought.
Education
Mores
Sapir-Whorf hypothesis
Folkways
12. A term used by Ferdinand Tonnies to describe communities - often urban - that are large and impersonal with little commitment to the group or consensus on values.
Gesellschaft
Patrilineal descent
Bilingualism
Alienation
13. The techniques and strategies for preventing deviant human behavior in any society.
Familism
Capitalism
Social control
Genocide
14. An approach to deviance that attempts to explain why certain people are viewed as deviants while others engaging in the same behavior are not.
Labeling theory
Ethnocentrism
Symbols
Tracking
15. Processes of socialization in which a person 'rehearses' for future positions - occupations - and social relationships.
Anticipatory socialization
New religious movement (NRM) or cult
Subculture
Cultural transmission
16. A theory of deviance proposed by Edwin Sutherland that holds that violation of rules results from exposure to attitudes favorable to criminal acts.
Disengagement theory
Total fertility rate (TFR)
Differential association
Control theory
17. The far-reaching process by which a society moves from traditional or less developed institutions to those characteristic of more developed societies.
Postindustrial city
Modernization
Social structure
Folkways
18. The process of introducing new elements into a culture through either discovery or invention.
Goal displacement
Innovation
Informal economy
Anomie theory of deviance
19. The prohibition of sexual relationships between certain culturally specified relatives.
Norms
Incest taboo
Racism
Hypothesis
20. The study of the physical features of nature and the ways in which they interact and change.
Folkways
Natural science
Deindustrialization
Megalopolis
21. A system of enforced servitude in which people are legally owned by others and in which enslaved status is transferred from parents to children.
Patriarchy
Slavery
Sexual harassment
Hidden curriculum
22. An area of study that focuses on the interrelationships between people and their environment.
Intergenerational mobility
Multiple-nuclei theory
Urban ecology
Affirmative action
23. The ways in which people respond to one another.
Health
Social interaction
Formal organization
Feminist perspective
24. An explanation of an abstract concept that is specific enough to allow a researcher to measure the concept.
Second shift
Genocide
Operational definition
Modernization theory
25. The way in which a society is organized into predictable relationships.
Quantitative research
Social structure
Professional criminal
Sociocultural evolution
26. A set of expectations of people who occupy a given social position or status.
Social role
Established sect
Bureaucracy
Intergenerational mobility
27. A factor held constant to test the relative impact of an independent variable.
Intergenerational mobility
Impression management
Globalization
Control variable
28. The belief that the products - styles - or ideas of one's society are inferior to those that originate elsewhere.
Victimization surveys
Neocolonialism
Formal organization
Xenocentrism
29. A social system in which the position of each individual is influenced by his or her achieved status.
Defended neighborhood
Societal-reaction approach
Social science
Open system
30. An element or a process of society that may disrupt a social system or lead to a decrease in stability.
Prejudice
Ideal type
Dysfunction
Folkways
31. An awareness of the relationship between an individual and the wider society.
Sociological imagination
Diffusion
Demographic transition
Verstehen
32. A neighborbood that residents identify through defined community borders and through a perception that adjacent areas are geographically separate and socially different.
Peter principle
Defended neighborhood
Matrilineal descent
Power
33. Research that collects and reports data primarily in numerical form.
Quantitative research
Formal norms
Downsizing
Religion
34. A condition in which members of a society have different amounts of wealth - prestige - or power.
Theory
Social inequality
Income
Sacred
35. Preindustrial societies in which people plant seeds and crops rather than subsist merely on available foods.
Colonialism
Modernization
Horticultural societies
Politics
36. A systematic - organized series of steps that ensures maximum objectivity and consistency in researching a problem.
Small group
Politics
Scientific method
Mores
37. A research technique in which an investigator collects information through direct participation in and/or observation of a group - tribe - or community.
Politics
Social inequality
Observation
Variable
38. A term used by Bowles and Gintis to refer to the tendency of schools to promote the values expected of individuals in each social class and to prepare students for the types of jobs typically held by members of their class.
Science
Gender roles
Familism
Correspondence principle
39. A standard of poverty based on a minimum level of subsistence below which families should not be expected to exist.
Absolute poverty
Postindustrial society
Bourgeoisie
Income
40. A theory of social change that holds that change can occur in several ways and does not inevitably lead in the same direction.
Sociological imagination
Normal accidents
Informal social control
Multilinear evolutionary theory
41. Ogburn's term for a period of maladjustment during which the nonmaterial culture is still adapting to new material conditions.
Prejudice
Culture lag
Matriarchy
Credentialism
42. Someone who - through day-to-day personal contacts and communication - influences the opinions and discussions of others.
Symbols
Opinion leader
Normal accidents
Religion
43. The process by which a person forsakes his or her own cultural tradition to become part of a different culture.
Cult
Sexism
Underclass
Assimilation
44. An authority pattern in which the adult members of the family are regarded as equals.
Defended neighborhood
Income
Social role
Egalitarian family
45. A functionalist approach that proposes that modernization and development will gradually improve the lives of people in peripheral nations.
Power elite
Social science
Modernization theory
Material culture
46. The ordinary and commonplace elements of life - as distinguished from the sacred.
In-group
Infant mortality rate
Profane
Globalization
47. Any number of people with similar norms - values - and expectations who interact with one another on a regular basis.
Castes
Ethnic group
Group
Social change
48. A form of polygamy in which a woman can have several husbands at the same time.
Reliability
Polyandry
Manifest functions
Societal-reaction approach
49. The tendency of workers in a bureaucracy to become so specialized that they develop blind spots and fail to notice obvious problems.
Normal accidents
Informal social control
Trained incapacity
Anti-Semitism
50. A group that is set apart from others because of obvious physical differences.
Racial group
Suburb
White-collar crime
Random sample