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CLEP Sociology

Subjects : clep, humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Unreliable generalizations about all members of a group that do not recognize individual differences within the group.






2. A social position attained by a person largely through his or her own efforts.






3. A special type of bar chart that shows the distribution of the population by gender and age.






4. The ideology that one sex is superior to the other.






5. A political philosophy promoted by many younger Blacks in the 1960s that supported the creation of Black-controlled political and economic institutions.






6. A principle of organizational life - originated by Laurence J. Peter - according to which each individual within a hierarchy tends to rise to his or her level of incompetence.






7. Collective conceptions of what is considered good - desirable - and proper--or bad - undesirable - and improper--in a culture.






8. The relationship between a condition or variable and a particular consequence - with one event leading to the other.






9. A term used by Parsons and Bales to refer to emphasis on tasks - focus on more distant goals - and a concern for the external relationship between one's family and other social institutions.






10. A form of marriage in which a person can have several spouses in his or her lifetime but only one spouse at a time.






11. A form of polygamy in which a woman can have several husbands at the same time.






12. A functionalist theory of aging introduced by Cumming and Henry that contends that society and the aging individual mutually sever many of their relationships.






13. Karl Marx's term for the working class in a capitalist society.






14. Positive efforts to recruit minority group members or women for jobs - promotions - and educational opportunities.






15. Questionnaires or interviews used to determine whether people have been victims of crime.






16. The process of disengagement from a role that is central to one's selfidentity and reestablishment of an identity in a new role.






17. A literal interpretation of the Bible regarding the creation of man and the universe used to argue that evolution should not be presented as established scientific fact.






18. An artificially created situation that allows the researcher to manipulate variables.






19. A view of social interaction - popularized by Erving Goffman - under which people are examined as if they were theatrical performers.






20. A form of polygamy in which a husband can have several wives at the same time.






21. An explanation of an abstract concept that is specific enough to allow a researcher to measure the concept.






22. The number of deaths of infants under one year of age per 1 -000 live births in a given year.






23. Another name for the classical theory of formal organizations.






24. Another name for labeling theory.






25. A spatial or political unit of social organization that gives people a sense of belonging - based either on shared residence in a particular place or on a common identity.






26. A term used by Bowles and Gintis to refer to the tendency of schools to promote the values expected of individuals in each social class and to prepare students for the types of jobs typically held by members of their class.






27. Continuing dependence of former colonies on foreign countries.






28. A theory of social change that holds that change can occur in several ways and does not inevitably lead in the same direction.






29. The conscious feeling of a negative discrepancy between legitimate expectations and present actualities.






30. A component of formal organization in which rules and hierarchical ranking are used to achieve efficiency.






31. A religious group that is the outgrowth of a sect - yet remains isolated from society.






32. A research technique in which an investigator collects information through direct participation in and/or observation of a group - tribe - or community.






33. A formal - impersonal group in which there is little social intimacy or mutual understanding.






34. A group that - despite past prejudice and discrimination - succeeds economically - socially - and educationally without resorting to political or violent confrontations with Whites.






35. Subjects in an experiment who are exposed to an independent variable introduced by a researcher.






36. A sociological approach that emphasizes the way that parts of a society are structured to maintain its stability.






37. The process of denying opportunities and equal rights to individuals and groups because of prejudice or other arbitrary reasons.






38. Behavior that violates the standards of conduct or expectations of a group or society.






39. Max Weber's term for objectivity of sociologists in the interpretation of data.






40. Unconscious or unintended functions; hidden purposes.






41. A kinship system in which both sides of a person's family are regarded as equally important.






42. A term used by Erving Goffman to refer to the efforts of people to maintain the proper image and avoid embarrassment in public.






43. A view of society as ruled by a small group of individuals who share a common set of political and economic interests.






44. A social structure that derives its existence from the social interactions through which people define and redefine its character.






45. The sending of messages through the use of posture - facial expressions - and gestures.






46. A group that is set apart from others because of its national origin or distinctive cultural patterns.






47. Movement of individuals or groups from one position of a society's stratification system to another.






48. A society in which men dominate family decision making.






49. Organized patterns of beliefs and behavior centered on basic social needs.






50. The viewing of people's behavior from the perspective of their own culture.