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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Sociology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Transfers of money - goods - or services that are not reported to the government.
Informal economy
Deindustrialization
Life chances
Role taking
2. Changes in the social position of children relative to their parents.
Status group
Intergenerational mobility
Patrilineal descent
Independent variable
3. Any group that individuals use as a standard in evaluating themselves and their own behavior.
Correlation
Macrosociology
Reference group
Total institutions
4. A family in which relatives--such as grandparents - aunts - or uncles--live in the same home as parents and their children.
Modernization theory
Formal social control
Extended family
Societal-reaction approach
5. The ways in which people respond to one another.
Vital statistics
Social interaction
Matriarchy
Social role
6. A set of cultural beliefs and practices that helps to maintain powerful social - economic - and political interests.
Value neutrality
Dominant ideology
Sociology
Social institutions
7. A term used by Max Weber to refer to a group of people who have a similar level of wealth and income.
Culture shock
Issei
Equilibrium model
Class
8. A legal strategy based on claims that racial minorities are subjected disproportionately to environmental hazards.
Sociocultural evolution
Curanderismo
Status group
Environmental justice
9. A special-purpose group designed and structured for maximum efficiency.
Rites of passage
Dependency theory
Formal organization
Voluntary associations
10. A principle of organizational life - originated by Laurence J. Peter - according to which each individual within a hierarchy tends to rise to his or her level of incompetence.
Concentric-zone theory
Egalitarian family
Peter principle
Science
11. A violation of criminal law for which formal penalties are applied by some governmental authority.
Trained incapacity
Impression management
Crime
Generalized others
12. Subjects in an experiment who are not introduced to the independent variable by the researcher.
Reliability
Telecommuters
Small group
Control group
13. Jean Piaget's theory explaining how children's thought progresses through four stages.
Independent variable
Informal norms
Human ecology
Cognitive theory of development
14. The use or threat of violence against random or symbolic targets in pursuit of political aims.
Value neutrality
Birthrate
Force
Terrorism
15. A social structure that derives its existence from the social interactions through which people define and redefine its character.
Negotiated order
Correspondence principle
Role taking
Prestige
16. Elements beyond everyday life that inspire awe - respect - and even fear.
Sacred
Mass media
Defended neighborhood
Hypothesis
17. Max Weber's term for people's opportunities to provide themselves with material goods - positive living conditions - and favorable life experiences.
Life chances
Curanderismo
Objective method
Industrial city
18. A densely populated area containing two or more cities and their surrounding suburbs.
Megalopolis
Narcotizing dysfunction
Sociological imagination
Sexual harassment
19. A person who pursues crime as a day-to-day occupation - developing skilled techniques and enjoying a certain degree of status among other criminals.
Religious beliefs
Absolute poverty
Professional criminal
Monogamy
20. A term used by C. Wright Mills for a small group of military - industrial - and government leaders who control the fate of the United States.
Multiple-nuclei theory
Minority group
Generalized others
Power elite
21. A social system in which there is little or no possibility of individual mobility.
Experimental group
Feminist perspective
Closed system
Social constructionist perspective
22. Norms governing everyday social behavior whose violation raises comparatively little concern.
Small group
Folkways
Iron law of oligarchy
Religious rituals
23. A social position attained by a person largely through his or her own efforts.
Achieved status
Homophobia
Hidden curriculum
Horizontal mobility
24. An enumeration - or counting - of a population.
Census
Esteem
Bourgeoisie
Coalition
25. A society in which men dominate family decision making.
Operational definition
Class consciousness
Patriarchy
Normal accidents
26. A set of expectations of people who occupy a given social position or status.
Social role
Scientific management approach
Family
Slavery
27. The incidence of death in a given population.
Vested interests
Affirmative action
Mortality rate
Cultural relativism
28. A society that depends on mechanization to produce its economic goods and services.
Industrial society
Segregation
Secondary analysis
Random sample
29. A society in which women dominate in family decision making.
Liberation theology
Polygyny
Matriarchy
Intragenerational mobility
30. A society whose economic system is primarily engaged in the processing and control of information.
Postindustrial society
Cohabitation
Denomination
Fertility
31. A religious organization that claims to include most or all of the members of a society and is recognized as the national or official religion.
Ecclesia
Language
Face-work
Experimental group
32. Any number of people with similar norms - values - and expectations who interact with one another on a regular basis.
Ethnography
Group
Luddites
Religious experience
33. According to
Rites of passage
Secondary group
Religion
Values
34. The condition of being estranged or disassociated from the surrounding society.
Alienation
Castes
Ideal type
Politics
35. Going along with one's peers - individuals of a person's own status - who have no special right to direct that person's behavior.
Content analysis
Deviance
Conformity
Expressiveness
36. Research that collects and reports data primarily in numerical form.
Quantitative research
Morbidity rates
Secondary analysis
Postindustrial city
37. An explanation of an abstract concept that is specific enough to allow a researcher to measure the concept.
Symbols
Ageism
Master status
Operational definition
38. The process of denying opportunities and equal rights to individuals and groups because of prejudice or other arbitrary reasons.
Discrimination
Independent variable
Religious experience
Sect
39. In Karl Marx's view - a subjective awareness held by members of a class regarding their common vested interests and need for collective political action to bring about social change.
Domestic partnership
Monopoly
Ethnic group
Class consciousness
40. Someone who - through day-to-day personal contacts and communication - influences the opinions and discussions of others.
Opinion leader
Survey
Variable
Generalized others
41. The number of deaths per 1 -000 population in a given year. Also known as the crude death rate.
Nonmaterial culture
Death rate
Latent functions
New urban sociology
42. A generally small - secretive religious group that represents either a new religion or a major innovation of an existing faith.
Human ecology
Esteem
New religious movement (NRM) or cult
Macrosociology
43. Records of births - deaths - marriages - and divorces gathered through a registration system maintained by governmental units.
Survey
Matrilineal descent
Vital statistics
Kinship
44. The variable in a causal relationship that - when altered - causes or influences a change in a second variable.
Independent variable
Validity
Cultural transmission
Income
45. A term used by George Herbert Mead to refer to the child's awareness of the attitudes - viewpoints - and expectations of society as a whole that a child takes into account in his or her behavior.
Trained incapacity
Mortality rate
Master status
Generalized others
46. An authority pattern in which the adult members of the family are regarded as equals.
Ageism
Egalitarian family
Birthrate
Stereotypes
47. Cultural adjustments to material conditions - such as customs - beliefs - patterns of communication - and ways of using material objects.
Cognitive theory of development
Racial group
Population pyramid
Nonmaterial culture
48. A school of criminology that argues that criminal behavior is learned through social interactions.
Objective method
Cultural transmission
Survey
Role taking
49. The act of physically separating two groups; often imposed on a minority group by a dominant group.
Nisei
Exploitation theory
Sect
Segregation
50. A theory of deviance proposed by Edwin Sutherland that holds that violation of rules results from exposure to attitudes favorable to criminal acts.
Hawthorne effect
Bilingualism
Differential association
Unilinear evolutionary theory