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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Sociology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A school of criminology that argues that criminal behavior is learned through social interactions.
Symbols
Mortality rate
Hawthorne effect
Cultural transmission
2. The process by which a cultural item is spread from group to group or society to society.
Diffusion
Dysfunction
Face-work
McDonaldization
3. A status that dominates others and thereby determines a person's general position within society.
Secondary group
Master status
Polygamy
Religion
4. According to
Religion
Religious beliefs
Experimental group
Total fertility rate (TFR)
5. The movement of an individual from one social position to another of the same rank.
Horizontal mobility
Sociology
Anti-Semitism
Patriarchy
6. A social ranking based primarily on economic position in which achieved characteristics can influence mobility.
Anomie
Ecclesia
Primary group
Class system
7. A society that depends on mechanization to produce its economic goods and services.
Dominant ideology
Matrilineal descent
Telecommuters
Industrial society
8. The actual or threatened use of coercion to impose one's will on others.
Force
Nonmaterial culture
New religious movement (NRM) or cult
Religion
9. The use or threat of violence against random or symbolic targets in pursuit of political aims.
Extended family
Cohabitation
Hunting-and-gathering society
Terrorism
10. A family in which relatives--such as grandparents - aunts - or uncles--live in the same home as parents and their children.
Politics
Extended family
Discrimination
Class system
11. Ogburn's term for a period of maladjustment during which the nonmaterial culture is still adapting to new material conditions.
Traditional authority
Intergenerational mobility
Culture lag
Disengagement theory
12. A special-purpose group designed and structured for maximum efficiency.
Formal organization
Labeling theory
Community
Formal norms
13. Expectations regarding the proper behavior - attitudes - and activities of males and females.
Innovation
Gender roles
Sanctions
Dependency theory
14. An approach that contends that industrialized nations continue to exploit developing countries for their own gain.
Hawthorne effect
Opinion leader
Population pyramid
Dependency theory
15. The process by which a relatively small number of people control what material eventually reaches the audience.
Community
Gatekeeping
Stratification
Castes
16. The worldwide integration of government policies - cultures - social movements - and financial markets through trade and the exchange of ideas.
Globalization
Postmodern society
Credentialism
New social movements
17. Overzealous conformity to official regulations within a bureaucracy.
E-commerce
Credentialism
Goal displacement
Negotiation
18. According to George Herbert Mead - the sum total of people's conscious perceptions of their own identity as distinct from others.
Social mobility
False consciousness
Self
Minority group
19. Cultural adjustments to material conditions - such as customs - beliefs - patterns of communication - and ways of using material objects.
Role exit
Gatekeeping
Nonmaterial culture
Objective method
20. The tendency of workers in a bureaucracy to become so specialized that they develop blind spots and fail to notice obvious problems.
Interview
Trained incapacity
Machismo
Labor unions
21. Karl Marx's term for the capitalist class - comprising the owners of the means of production.
Resource mobilization
Voluntary associations
Class system
Bourgeoisie
22. Max Weber's term for the disciplined work ethic - this-worldly concerns - and rational orientation to life emphasized by John Calvin and his followers.
Scientific management approach
Culture
Protestant ethic
Social constructionist perspective
23. The process of disengagement from a role that is central to one's selfidentity and reestablishment of an identity in a new role.
Modernization
Role exit
Invention
Dependent variable
24. Collective conceptions of what is considered good - desirable - and proper--or bad - undesirable - and improper--in a culture.
Values
Family
Wealth
Social structure
25. The requirement that people select mates outside certain groups.
Exogamy
Profane
Liberation theology
Control group
26. The scientific study of the sociological and psychological aspects of aging and the problems of the aged.
Opinion leader
Primary group
Gerontology
Symbols
27. The average number of children born alive to a woman - assuming that she conforms to current fertility rates.
Subculture
Cohabitation
Total fertility rate (TFR)
Bilingualism
28. A literal interpretation of the Bible regarding the creation of man and the universe used to argue that evolution should not be presented as established scientific fact.
Racial group
Creationism
Credentialism
Postindustrial society
29. The average number of years a person can be expected to live under current mortality conditions.
Sample
Life expectancy
Total institutions
Mortality rate
30. Pride in the extended family - expressed through the maintenance of close ties and strong obligations to kinfolk.
Familism
Negotiation
Horizontal mobility
Terrorism
31. Any number of people with similar norms - values - and expectations who interact with one another on a regular basis.
Hawthorne effect
Group
Mass media
Sample
32. A view of society as ruled by a small group of individuals who share a common set of political and economic interests.
Resocialization
Material culture
Ethnography
Elite model
33. The ideology that one sex is superior to the other.
Power elite
Sexism
Status
Sociobiology
34. A theory of urban growth that views growth as emerging from many centers of development - each of which may reflect a particular urban need or activity.
Multiple-nuclei theory
Ethnic group
Functionalist perspective
Disengagement theory
35. Crimes committed by affluent individuals or corporations in the course of their daily business activities.
Impression management
White-collar crime
Subculture
Material culture
36. An aspect of the socialization process within total institutions - in which people are subjected to humiliating rituals.
Iron law of oligarchy
Total institutions
Degradation ceremony
Megalopolis
37. An explanation of an abstract concept that is specific enough to allow a researcher to measure the concept.
Operational definition
Conflict perspective
Modernization
Bureaucracy
38. An approach to the study of formal organizations that views workers as being motivated almost entirely by economic rewards.
Code of ethics
Disengagement theory
Control variable
Classical theory
39. The number of new cases of a specific disorder occurring within a given population during a stated period of time.
Total fertility rate (TFR)
Incidence
Downsizing
Society
40. The incidence of death in a given population.
Vital statistics
Mortality rate
Secondary analysis
Alienation
41. An approach to deviance that emphasizes the role of culture in the creation of the deviant identity.
Social constructionist perspective
Social interaction
Socialization
Demographic transition
42. An artificially created situation that allows the researcher to manipulate variables.
Vital statistics
Discrimination
Experiment
Fertility
43. Behavior that occurs when work benefits are made contingent on sexual favors (as a 'quid pro quo') or when touching - lewd comments - or appearance of pornographic material creates a 'hostile environment' in the workplace.
E-commerce
Sexual harassment
Polygyny
Genocide
44. A theory of deviance proposed by Edwin Sutherland that holds that violation of rules results from exposure to attitudes favorable to criminal acts.
Professional criminal
Voluntary associations
Argot
Differential association
45. Mutual respect between the various groups in a society for one another's cultures - which allows minorities to express their own cultures without experiencing prejudice.
Homophobia
Values
Pluralism
Affirmative action
46. The process of denying opportunities and equal rights to individuals and groups because of prejudice or other arbitrary reasons.
Census
Achieved status
Counterculture
Discrimination
47. A factor held constant to test the relative impact of an independent variable.
Sample
Status
Control variable
Ideal type
48. A formal process of learning in which some people consciously teach while others adopt the social role of learner.
Pluralism
Education
Total institutions
Conformity
49. Legitimate power conferred by custom and accepted practice.
Genocide
Traditional authority
Intragenerational mobility
Income
50. Transfers of money - goods - or services that are not reported to the government.
Sexism
Sociocultural evolution
Informal economy
Religious rituals