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CLEP Sociology

Subjects : clep, humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The process through which religion's influence on other social institutions diminishes.






2. The state of being related to others.






3. An enumeration - or counting - of a population.






4. A school of criminology that argues that criminal behavior is learned through social interactions.






5. Crimes committed by affluent individuals or corporations in the course of their daily business activities.






6. Mmanuel Wallerstein's view of the global economic system as divided between certain industrialized nations that control wealth and developing countries that are controlled and exploited.






7. The tendency to assume that one's culture and way of life represent the norm or are superior to all others.






8. The collection and distribution of information concerning events in the social environment.






9. The act of physically separating two groups; often imposed on a minority group by a dominant group.






10. The systematic coding and objective recording of data - guided by some rationale.






11. A hypothesis concerning the role of language in shaping cultures. It holds that language is culturally determined and serves to influence our mode of thought.






12. A term used by Ferdinand Tonnies to describe communities - often urban - that are large and impersonal with little commitment to the group or consensus on values.






13. The techniques and strategies for preventing deviant human behavior in any society.






14. An approach to deviance that attempts to explain why certain people are viewed as deviants while others engaging in the same behavior are not.






15. Processes of socialization in which a person 'rehearses' for future positions - occupations - and social relationships.






16. A theory of deviance proposed by Edwin Sutherland that holds that violation of rules results from exposure to attitudes favorable to criminal acts.






17. The far-reaching process by which a society moves from traditional or less developed institutions to those characteristic of more developed societies.






18. The process of introducing new elements into a culture through either discovery or invention.






19. The prohibition of sexual relationships between certain culturally specified relatives.






20. The study of the physical features of nature and the ways in which they interact and change.






21. A system of enforced servitude in which people are legally owned by others and in which enslaved status is transferred from parents to children.






22. An area of study that focuses on the interrelationships between people and their environment.






23. The ways in which people respond to one another.






24. An explanation of an abstract concept that is specific enough to allow a researcher to measure the concept.






25. The way in which a society is organized into predictable relationships.






26. A set of expectations of people who occupy a given social position or status.






27. A factor held constant to test the relative impact of an independent variable.






28. The belief that the products - styles - or ideas of one's society are inferior to those that originate elsewhere.






29. A social system in which the position of each individual is influenced by his or her achieved status.






30. An element or a process of society that may disrupt a social system or lead to a decrease in stability.






31. An awareness of the relationship between an individual and the wider society.






32. A neighborbood that residents identify through defined community borders and through a perception that adjacent areas are geographically separate and socially different.






33. Research that collects and reports data primarily in numerical form.






34. A condition in which members of a society have different amounts of wealth - prestige - or power.






35. Preindustrial societies in which people plant seeds and crops rather than subsist merely on available foods.






36. A systematic - organized series of steps that ensures maximum objectivity and consistency in researching a problem.






37. A research technique in which an investigator collects information through direct participation in and/or observation of a group - tribe - or community.






38. A term used by Bowles and Gintis to refer to the tendency of schools to promote the values expected of individuals in each social class and to prepare students for the types of jobs typically held by members of their class.






39. A standard of poverty based on a minimum level of subsistence below which families should not be expected to exist.






40. A theory of social change that holds that change can occur in several ways and does not inevitably lead in the same direction.






41. Ogburn's term for a period of maladjustment during which the nonmaterial culture is still adapting to new material conditions.






42. Someone who - through day-to-day personal contacts and communication - influences the opinions and discussions of others.






43. The process by which a person forsakes his or her own cultural tradition to become part of a different culture.






44. An authority pattern in which the adult members of the family are regarded as equals.






45. A functionalist approach that proposes that modernization and development will gradually improve the lives of people in peripheral nations.






46. The ordinary and commonplace elements of life - as distinguished from the sacred.






47. Any number of people with similar norms - values - and expectations who interact with one another on a regular basis.






48. A form of polygamy in which a woman can have several husbands at the same time.






49. The tendency of workers in a bureaucracy to become so specialized that they develop blind spots and fail to notice obvious problems.






50. A group that is set apart from others because of obvious physical differences.