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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Sociology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The exercise of power through a process of persuasion.
Castes
Operational definition
Ethnography
Influence
2. An enumeration - or counting - of a population.
Independent variable
Census
Sample
Expressiveness
3. An approach to deviance that attempts to explain why certain people are viewed as deviants while others engaging in the same behavior are not.
Matriarchy
Terrorism
Impression management
Labeling theory
4. A research technique in which an investigator collects information through direct participation in and/or observation of a group - tribe - or community.
Observation
Social structure
New urban sociology
Material culture
5. A social position 'assigned' to a person by society without regard for the person's unique talents or characteristics.
Industrial city
Urban ecology
Ascribed status
Exogamy
6. The scientific study of population.
Research design
Group
Demography
Credentialism
7. A subordinate group whose members have significantly less control or power over their own lives than the members of a dominant or majority group have over theirs.
Informal economy
Elite model
Wealth
Minority group
8. An abstract system of word meanings and symbols for all aspects of culture. It also includes gestures and other nonverbal communication.
Language
Exploitation theory
Control variable
Secondary group
9. Control of a market by a single business firm.
Monopoly
Preindustrial city
Intragenerational mobility
Role exit
10. Rebellious craft workers in nineteenth-century England who destroyed new factory machinery as part of their resistance to the industrial revolution.
Family
Luddites
Black power
Ideal type
11. Preindustrial societies in which people plant seeds and crops rather than subsist merely on available foods.
Unilinear evolutionary theory
Mores
Horticultural societies
Social epidemiology
12. Cultural adjustments to material conditions - such as customs - beliefs - patterns of communication - and ways of using material objects.
Ethnography
Nonmaterial culture
Degradation ceremony
Kinship
13. Transfers of money - goods - or services that are not reported to the government.
Cognitive theory of development
Informal economy
Informal social control
Legal-rational authority
14. The process by which a majority group and a minority group combine through intermarriage to form a new group.
Amalgamation
Ecclesia
Anticipatory socialization
Questionnaire
15. The incidence of death in a given population.
Significant others
Incest taboo
Random sample
Mortality rate
16. The condition of being estranged or disassociated from the surrounding society.
Serial monogamy
Environmental justice
Narcotizing dysfunction
Alienation
17. A theory of social change that holds that all societies pass through the same successive stages of evolution and inevitably reach the same end.
Sexual harassment
Random sample
Unilinear evolutionary theory
Intragenerational mobility
18. Long term trend in human societies that results from the interplay of innovation - continuity - and selection.
Technology
Sociocultural evolution
Hypothesis
Out-group
19. In everyday speech - a person's typical patterns of attitudes - needs - characteristics - and behavior.
Social change
Industrial society
Personality
Capitalism
20. The combination of existing cultural items into a form that did not previously exist.
Postindustrial city
Invention
Questionnaire
Ethnocentrism
21. Unreliable generalizations about all members of a group that do not recognize individual differences within the group.
Cultural relativism
Stereotypes
Professional criminal
Matrilineal descent
22. The process by which a cultural item is spread from group to group or society to society.
Primary group
Gender roles
Megalopolis
Diffusion
23. Organized collective activities to bring about or resist fundamental change in an existing group or society.
Social movements
Societal-reaction approach
Social network
New social movements
24. The act of physically separating two groups; often imposed on a minority group by a dominant group.
Relative poverty
Incidence
Correlation
Segregation
25. The attempt to reach agreement with others concerning some objective.
Influence
Pluralist model
Negotiation
Protestant ethic
26. Processes of socialization in which a person 'rehearses' for future positions - occupations - and social relationships.
Code of ethics
Demography
Human relations approach
Anticipatory socialization
27. Durkheim's term for the loss of direction felt in a society when social control of individual behavior has become ineffective.
Religious rituals
Negotiation
Professional criminal
Anomie
28. The total number of cases of a specific disorder that exist at a given time.
Material culture
Influence
Prevalence
Dependent variable
29. Social control carried out by people casually through such means as laughter - smiles - and ridicule.
Narcotizing dysfunction
Ethnic group
Informal social control
Professional criminal
30. The far-reaching process by which a society moves from traditional or less developed institutions to those characteristic of more developed societies.
Modernization
Goal displacement
Peter principle
Death rate
31. The respect and admiration that an occupation holds in a society.
Formal social control
Counterculture
Argot
Prestige
32. The reputation that a particular individual has earned within an occupation.
Esteem
Coalition
Infant mortality rate
Multilinear evolutionary theory
33. A special type of bar chart that shows the distribution of the population by gender and age.
Postmodern society
Socialism
Equilibrium model
Population pyramid
34. The study of various aspects of human society.
Social science
Conflict perspective
Classical theory
Mores
35. A term used by Erving Goffman to refer to the altering of the presentation of the self in order to create distinctive appearances and satisfy particular audiences.
Stratification
Social role
Informal norms
Impression management
36. A measurable trait or characteristic that is subject to change under different conditions.
Class system
Self
Variable
Intergenerational mobility
37. An element or a process of society that may disrupt a social system or lead to a decrease in stability.
Dysfunction
Control group
Dramaturgical approach
Xenocentrism
38. A relatively small religious group that has broken away from some other religious organization to renew what it views as the original vision of the faith.
Counterculture
Sect
Luddites
Cultural transmission
39. A theory of deviance proposed by Edwin Sutherland that holds that violation of rules results from exposure to attitudes favorable to criminal acts.
Differential association
Discovery
Material culture
Equilibrium model
40. A speculative statement about the relationship between two or more variables.
Hypothesis
Resource mobilization
Differential association
Downsizing
41. Talcott Parsons's functionalist view of society as tending toward a state of stability or balance.
Quantitative research
Labor unions
Concentric-zone theory
Equilibrium model
42. A term used by Parsons and Bales to refer to emphasis on tasks - focus on more distant goals - and a concern for the external relationship between one's family and other social institutions.
Anti-Semitism
Traditional authority
Instrumentality
Social change
43. A variety of research techniques that make use of publicly accessible information and data.
Life chances
Material culture
Secondary analysis
Surveillance function
44. The way in which a society is organized into predictable relationships.
Social structure
Significant others
Multinational corporations
Anticipatory socialization
45. A negative attitude toward an entire category of people - such as a racial or ethnic minority.
Prejudice
Economic system
Modernization theory
Independent variable
46. The conscious feeling of a negative discrepancy between legitimate expectations and present actualities.
Closed system
Conflict perspective
Relative deprivation
New social movements
47. A component of formal organization in which rules and hierarchical ranking are used to achieve efficiency.
Social institutions
Bureaucracy
Dependent variable
Economic system
48. The process of disengagement from a role that is central to one's selfidentity and reestablishment of an identity in a new role.
Interactionist perspective
Deviance
Role exit
Matriarchy
49. A term used by George Herbert Mead to refer to those individuals who are most important in the development of the self - such as parents - friends - and teachers.
Human relations approach
Monopoly
Significant others
Culture shock
50. The techniques and strategies for preventing deviant human behavior in any society.
Alienation
Second shift
Suburb
Social control