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CLEP Sociology

Subjects : clep, humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The conscious feeling of a negative discrepancy between legitimate expectations and present actualities.






2. Pride in the extended family - expressed through the maintenance of close ties and strong obligations to kinfolk.






3. A term used by sociologists to describe the willing exchange among adults of widely desired - but illegal - goods and services.






4. A term used by George Herbert Mead to refer to the child's awareness of the attitudes - viewpoints - and expectations of society as a whole that a child takes into account in his or her behavior.






5. A city characterized by relatively large size - open competition - an open class system - and elaborate specialization in the manufacturing of goods.






6. A social position attained by a person largely through his or her own efforts.






7. The collection and distribution of information concerning events in the social environment.






8. Karl Marx's term for the capitalist class - comprising the owners of the means of production.






9. The process by which a cultural item is spread from group to group or society to society.






10. Jean Piaget's theory explaining how children's thought progresses through four stages.






11. A set of expectations of people who occupy a given social position or status.






12. In everyday speech - a person's typical patterns of attitudes - needs - characteristics - and behavior.






13. A formal - impersonal group in which there is little social intimacy or mutual understanding.






14. Research that relies on what is seen in the field or naturalistic settings more than on statistical data.






15. The systematic study of the biological bases of social behavior.






16. Practices required or expected of members of a faith.






17. The systematic coding and objective recording of data - guided by some rationale.






18. A social system in which there is little or no possibility of individual mobility.






19. A floating standard of deprivation by which people at the bottom of a society - whatever their lifestyles - are judged to be disadvantaged in comparison with the nation as a whole.






20. A neighborbood that residents identify through defined community borders and through a perception that adjacent areas are geographically separate and socially different.






21. A legal strategy based on claims that racial minorities are subjected disproportionately to environmental hazards.






22. A principle of organizational life - originated by Laurence J. Peter - according to which each individual within a hierarchy tends to rise to his or her level of incompetence.






23. The act of physically separating two groups; often imposed on a minority group by a dominant group.






24. Organized collective activities that promote autonomy and self-determination as well as improvements in the quality of life.






25. Families in which there is only one parent present to care for children.






26. The German word for 'understanding' or 'insight'; used by Max Weber to stress the need for sociologists to take into account people's emotions - thoughts - beliefs - and attitudes.






27. An approach to deviance that attempts to explain why certain people are viewed as deviants while others engaging in the same behavior are not.






28. Continuing dependence of former colonies on foreign countries.






29. Another name for labeling theory.






30. A set of cultural beliefs and practices that helps to maintain powerful social - economic - and political interests.






31. A social ranking based primarily on economic position in which achieved characteristics can influence mobility.






32. A factor held constant to test the relative impact of an independent variable.






33. A term used by Max Weber to refer to a group of people who have a similar level of wealth and income.






34. A condition in which members of a society have different amounts of wealth - prestige - or power.






35. Max Weber's term for objectivity of sociologists in the interpretation of data.






36. A sample for which every member of the entire population has the same chance of being selected.






37. Control of a market by a single business firm.






38. A printed research instrument employed to obtain desired information from a respondent.






39. A theory of deviance proposed by Edwin Sutherland that holds that violation of rules results from exposure to attitudes favorable to criminal acts.






40. Max Weber's term for the disciplined work ethic - this-worldly concerns - and rational orientation to life emphasized by John Calvin and his followers.






41. An inclusive term encompassing all of a person's material assets - including land and other types of property.






42. Unreliable generalizations about all members of a group that do not recognize individual differences within the group.






43. The social institution through which goods and services are produced - distributed - and consumed.






44. Power that has been institutionalized and is recognized by the people over whom it is exercised.






45. Behavior that occurs when work benefits are made contingent on sexual favors (as a 'quid pro quo') or when touching - lewd comments - or appearance of pornographic material creates a 'hostile environment' in the workplace.






46. The relationship between a condition or variable and a particular consequence - with one event leading to the other.






47. The unintended influence that observers or experiments can have on their subjects.






48. Organized workers who share either the same skill or the same employer.






49. Open - stated - and conscious functions.






50. Failures that are inevitable - given the manner in which human and technological systems are organized.