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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Sociology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The process of mentally assuming the perspective of another - thereby enabling one to respond from that imagined viewpoint.
Stereotypes
Theory
Apartheid
Role taking
2. A form of capitalism under which people compete freely - with minimal government intervention in the economy.
Horizontal mobility
Laissez-faire
Stereotypes
Human relations approach
3. A person who pursues crime as a day-to-day occupation - developing skilled techniques and enjoying a certain degree of status among other criminals.
Master status
Professional criminal
Stratification
Narcotizing dysfunction
4. Jean Piaget's theory explaining how children's thought progresses through four stages.
Content analysis
Dysfunction
Cognitive theory of development
Disengagement theory
5. Established standards of behavior maintained by a society.
Social mobility
Informal norms
Bilateral descent
Norms
6. The state of a population with a growth rate of zero - achieved when the number of births plus immigrants is equal to the number of deaths plus emigrants.
Relative deprivation
Peter principle
Stratification
Zero population growth (ZPG)
7. A negative attitude toward an entire category of people - such as a racial or ethnic minority.
Prejudice
Quantitative research
Religious experience
Scientific method
8. The far-reaching process by which a society moves from traditional or less developed institutions to those characteristic of more developed societies.
Feminist perspective
Modernization
Degradation ceremony
Capitalism
9. An area of study concerned with the interrelationships between people and their spatial setting and physical environment.
Verstehen
Human ecology
Extended family
Impression management
10. Unreliable generalizations about all members of a group that do not recognize individual differences within the group.
Norms
Subculture
Stereotypes
Hidden curriculum
11. The attempt to reach agreement with others concerning some objective.
Gender roles
Group
Negotiation
Innovation
12. A standard of poverty based on a minimum level of subsistence below which families should not be expected to exist.
Absolute poverty
Primary group
Modernization
Secondary group
13. Changes in the social position of children relative to their parents.
Cultural transmission
Slavery
Monopoly
Intergenerational mobility
14. An aspect of the socialization process within total institutions - in which people are subjected to humiliating rituals.
Deviance
Degradation ceremony
Capitalism
Impression management
15. Governmental social control.
Functionalist perspective
Xenocentrism
Qualitative research
Law
16. According to
Death rate
Coalition
Religion
World systems analysis
17. The condition of being estranged or disassociated from the surrounding society.
Alienation
Impression management
E-commerce
Society
18. Rebellious craft workers in nineteenth-century England who destroyed new factory machinery as part of their resistance to the industrial revolution.
Demography
Luddites
Formal social control
Downsizing
19. The practice of placing students in specific curriculum groups on the basis of test scores and other criteria.
E-commerce
Tracking
Castes
Matrilineal descent
20. A measurable trait or characteristic that is subject to change under different conditions.
Secondary group
Variable
Out-group
Sacred
21. Penalties and rewards for conduct concerning a social norm.
Values
Polygyny
Sanctions
Urbanism
22. The process of introducing new elements into a culture through either discovery or invention.
Unilinear evolutionary theory
Content analysis
Folkways
Innovation
23. An interactionist perspective that states that interracial contact between people of equal status in cooperative circumstances will reduce prejudice.
Charismatic authority
Labor unions
Contact hypothesis
Liberation theology
24. An approach to deviance that attempts to explain why certain people are viewed as deviants while others engaging in the same behavior are not.
Labeling theory
Observation
Income
Discovery
25. Norms that generally are understood but are not precisely recorded.
Informal norms
Demography
Defended neighborhood
Postmodern society
26. Ogburn's term for a period of maladjustment during which the nonmaterial culture is still adapting to new material conditions.
Social epidemiology
Value neutrality
Culture lag
Cultural universals
27. The ways in which a social movement utilizes such resources as money - political influence - access to the media - and personnel.
Elite model
Resource mobilization
Wealth
Bourgeoisie
28. A term used by Parsons and Bales to refer to concern for maintenance of harmony and the internal emotional affairs of the family.
Assimilation
Racism
Expressiveness
Postindustrial society
29. A social position 'assigned' to a person by society without regard for the person's unique talents or characteristics.
Control group
Mass media
Colonialism
Ascribed status
30. The use or threat of violence against random or symbolic targets in pursuit of political aims.
Multiple-nuclei theory
Iron law of oligarchy
Model or ideal minority
Terrorism
31. The amount of reproduction among women of childbearing age.
Environmental justice
Neocolonialism
Fertility
Multinational corporations
32. An approach to the study of formal organizations that views workers as being motivated almost entirely by economic rewards.
Social movements
Classical theory
Population pyramid
Triad
33. The total number of cases of a specific disorder that exist at a given time.
Credentialism
Objective method
Monopoly
Prevalence
34. Reductions taken in a company's workforce as part of deindustrialization.
Ageism
Downsizing
Credentialism
Dependent variable
35. A violation of criminal law for which formal penalties are applied by some governmental authority.
Code of ethics
Negotiation
Political system
Crime
36. The social institution through which goods and services are produced - distributed - and consumed.
Latent functions
Independent variable
Economic system
Coalition
37. The process by which a relatively small number of people control what material eventually reaches the audience.
Social movements
Exogamy
Gatekeeping
Resource mobilization
38. Max Weber's term for power made legitimate by law.
Legal-rational authority
Instrumentality
Monopoly
Model or ideal minority
39. A city characterized by relatively large size - open competition - an open class system - and elaborate specialization in the manufacturing of goods.
Industrial city
Family
Racism
Closed system
40. An economic system in which the means of production are largely in private hands and the main incentive for economic activity is the accumulation of profits.
Capitalism
Folkways
Gemeinschaft
Expressiveness
41. A theory of urban growth that sees growth in terms of a series of rings radiating from the central business district.
Income
Hypothesis
Concentric-zone theory
Social control
42. A condition in which members of a society have different amounts of wealth - prestige - or power.
Conformity
Macrosociology
Diffusion
Social inequality
43. Positive efforts to recruit minority group members or women for jobs - promotions - and educational opportunities.
Religious experience
Affirmative action
Preindustrial city
Hypothesis
44. A concept used by Charles Horton Cooley that emphasizes the self as the product of our social interactions with others.
Downsizing
Manifest functions
Cult
Looking-glass self
45. Information about how to use the material resources of the environment to satisfy human needs and desires.
Sanctions
Mores
Technology
Societal-reaction approach
46. A set of expectations of people who occupy a given social position or status.
Social role
Dysfunction
Relative deprivation
Influence
47. A theory of social change that holds that all societies pass through the same successive stages of evolution and inevitably reach the same end.
Science
Unilinear evolutionary theory
Cultural relativism
Serial monogamy
48. A label used to devalue members of deviant social groups.
Open system
Stigma
Sick role
Informal norms
49. A component of formal organization in which rules and hierarchical ranking are used to achieve efficiency.
Surveillance function
Counterculture
Bureaucracy
Ascribed status
50. A religious group that is the outgrowth of a sect - yet remains isolated from society.
Postindustrial city
Professional criminal
Unilinear evolutionary theory
Established sect