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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Sociology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Durkheim's term for the loss of direction felt in a society when social control of individual behavior has become ineffective.
Social movements
Colonialism
Anomie
Conformity
2. The process of discarding former behavior patterns and accepting new ones as part of a transition in one's life.
Resocialization
Quantitative research
Master status
Voluntary associations
3. A set of cultural beliefs and practices that helps to maintain powerful social - economic - and political interests.
Total fertility rate (TFR)
Downsizing
Science
Dominant ideology
4. A neighborbood that residents identify through defined community borders and through a perception that adjacent areas are geographically separate and socially different.
Manifest functions
Crime
Defended neighborhood
Small group
5. An interactionist theory of aging that argues that elderly people who remain active will be best-adjusted.
Apartheid
Culture
Capitalism
Activity theory
6. A violation of criminal law for which formal penalties are applied by some governmental authority.
Crime
Normal accidents
Morbidity rates
Sanctions
7. A view of social interaction - popularized by Erving Goffman - under which people are examined as if they were theatrical performers.
Endogamy
Dramaturgical approach
Bilateral descent
Charismatic authority
8. Transfers of money - goods - or services that are not reported to the government.
Trained incapacity
Looking-glass self
Instrumentality
Informal economy
9. A term coined by Erving Goffman to refer to institutions that regulate all aspects of a person's life under a single authority - such as prisons - the military - mental hospitals - and convents.
Hypothesis
Socialization
Total institutions
Sick role
10. The maintenance of political - social - economic - and cultural dominance over a people by a foreign power for an extended period of time.
Colonialism
Obedience
Generalized others
Voluntary associations
11. A term coined by Robert N. Butler to refer to prejudice and discrimination against the elderly.
Teacher-expectancy effect
Value neutrality
Scientific management approach
Ageism
12. The variable in a causal relationship that - when altered - causes or influences a change in a second variable.
Population pyramid
Kinship
Cohabitation
Independent variable
13. Difficulties that occur when incompatible expectations arise from two or more social positions held by the same person.
Multinational corporations
Traditional authority
Concentric-zone theory
Role conflict
14. The systematic coding and objective recording of data - guided by some rationale.
Content analysis
Nonverbal communication
Language
Intragenerational mobility
15. Pride in the extended family - expressed through the maintenance of close ties and strong obligations to kinfolk.
Opinion leader
Familism
Ethnocentrism
Functionalist perspective
16. A group small enough for all members to interact simultaneously - that is - to talk with one another or at least be acquainted.
Resocialization
Social epidemiology
Small group
Relative deprivation
17. Organized collective activities to bring about or resist fundamental change in an existing group or society.
Group
Capitalism
Pluralism
Social movements
18. Rebellious craft workers in nineteenth-century England who destroyed new factory machinery as part of their resistance to the industrial revolution.
Observation
Luddites
Colonialism
Generalized others
19. Sociological investigation that stresses study of small groups and often uses laboratory experimental studies.
Colonialism
Deviance
Microsociology
Observation
20. The reputation that a particular individual has earned within an occupation.
Esteem
Population pyramid
Discovery
Narcotizing dysfunction
21. A principle of organizational life - originated by Laurence J. Peter - according to which each individual within a hierarchy tends to rise to his or her level of incompetence.
Vital statistics
Racism
Social role
Peter principle
22. Records of births - deaths - marriages - and divorces gathered through a registration system maintained by governmental units.
Control theory
Role conflict
Triad
Vital statistics
23. Veblen's term for those people or groups who will suffer in the event of social change and who have a stake in maintaining the status quo.
Political socialization
Gatekeeping
Victimization surveys
Vested interests
24. A study - generally in the form of interviews or questionnaires - that provides sociologists and other researchers with information concerning how people think and act.
Anomie theory of deviance
Survey
Microsociology
Horticultural societies
25. The act of physically separating two groups; often imposed on a minority group by a dominant group.
Cult
Segregation
Colonialism
Class
26. A term used by C. Wright Mills for a small group of military - industrial - and government leaders who control the fate of the United States.
Cohabitation
Exogamy
Power elite
Voluntary associations
27. Social control carried out by authorized agents - such as police officers - judges - school administrators - and employers.
Political system
Exploitation theory
Formal social control
Genocide
28. A formal - impersonal group in which there is little social intimacy or mutual understanding.
Sacred
Obedience
Secondary group
Latent functions
29. A social position attained by a person largely through his or her own efforts.
Achieved status
Ascribed status
Megalopolis
Narcotizing dysfunction
30. A special-purpose group designed and structured for maximum efficiency.
Social control
Patriarchy
Formal organization
Secularization
31. Any group that individuals use as a standard in evaluating themselves and their own behavior.
Serial monogamy
Reference group
Peter principle
Hypothesis
32. The number of deaths per 1 -000 population in a given year. Also known as the crude death rate.
Prejudice
Death rate
Gatekeeping
Reliability
33. A concept used by Charles Horton Cooley that emphasizes the self as the product of our social interactions with others.
Looking-glass self
Prevalence
Tracking
Voluntary associations
34. Max Weber's term for the disciplined work ethic - this-worldly concerns - and rational orientation to life emphasized by John Calvin and his followers.
Sociobiology
Victimization surveys
Protestant ethic
Gatekeeping
35. Norms that generally are understood but are not precisely recorded.
Cognitive theory of development
Social inequality
Primary group
Informal norms
36. Print and electronic instruments of communication that carry messages to often widespread audiences.
Demographic transition
Secondary group
Mass media
Bilingualism
37. A factor held constant to test the relative impact of an independent variable.
Minority group
Interactionist perspective
Gesellschaft
Control variable
38. Karl Marx's term for the working class in a capitalist society.
Out-group
Proletariat
Legal-rational authority
Variable
39. The movement of an individual from one social position to another of the same rank.
Science
Pluralist model
Horizontal mobility
Self
40. As defined by the World Health Organization - a state of complete physical - mental - and social well-being - and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity.
Health
McDonaldization
Human ecology
Nuclear family
41. Cultural adjustments to material conditions - such as customs - beliefs - patterns of communication - and ways of using material objects.
Argot
Nonmaterial culture
Relative deprivation
Nuclear family
42. A city characterized by relatively large size - open competition - an open class system - and elaborate specialization in the manufacturing of goods.
Traditional authority
Cognitive theory of development
Industrial city
Incidence
43. The state of a population with a growth rate of zero - achieved when the number of births plus immigrants is equal to the number of deaths plus emigrants.
New social movements
Zero population growth (ZPG)
Single-parent families
Demography
44. The tendency to assume that one's culture and way of life represent the norm or are superior to all others.
Generalized others
Total fertility rate (TFR)
Ethnocentrism
Status group
45. Norms that generally have been written down and that specify strict rules for punishment of violators.
Traditional authority
Issei
Formal norms
Social epidemiology
46. The movement of a person from one social position to another of a different rank.
Cult
Vertical mobility
Castes
Group
47. A technologically sophisticated society that is preoccupied with consumer goods and media images.
Postmodern society
Nuclear family
Social structure
Nonverbal communication
48. Two unrelated adults who have chosen to share one another's lives in a relationship of mutual caring - who reside together - and who agree to be jointly responsible for their dependents - basic living expenses - and other common necessities.
Dominant ideology
Domestic partnership
Language
Social network
49. Changes in a person's social position within his or her adult life.
Random sample
Hypothesis
Intragenerational mobility
Control variable
50. A spatial or political unit of social organization that gives people a sense of belonging - based either on shared residence in a particular place or on a common identity.
Community
Activity theory
Unilinear evolutionary theory
Modernization theory