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CLEP Sociology
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Subjects
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clep
,
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A social position 'assigned' to a person by society without regard for the person's unique talents or characteristics.
Ascribed status
Natural science
Census
Dependency theory
2. The difference between births and deaths - plus the difference between immigrants and emigrants - per 1 -000 population.
Society
Growth rate
Health
Voluntary associations
3. A series of social relationships that links a person directly to others and therefore indirectly to still more people.
Agrarian society
Nonmaterial culture
Polygamy
Social network
4. Norms that generally have been written down and that specify strict rules for punishment of violators.
Issei
Force
Vertical mobility
Formal norms
5. In sociology - a set of statements that seeks to explain problems - actions - or behavior.
Fertility
Hawthorne effect
Theory
Dysfunction
6. A negative attitude toward an entire category of people - such as a racial or ethnic minority.
Dominant ideology
Nonmaterial culture
Prejudice
Kinship
7. Jean Piaget's theory explaining how children's thought progresses through four stages.
Conflict perspective
Cognitive theory of development
Kinship
Social inequality
8. Long-term poor people who lack training and skills.
Preindustrial city
Social constructionist perspective
Underclass
Second shift
9. A technologically sophisticated society that is preoccupied with consumer goods and media images.
Force
Counterculture
Postmodern society
Downsizing
10. The process of making known or sharing the existence of an aspect of reality.
Hunting-and-gathering society
Power
Discovery
Social movements
11. The prohibition of sexual relationships between certain culturally specified relatives.
Secularization
Small group
Apartheid
Incest taboo
12. The amount of reproduction among women of childbearing age.
Survey
Role exit
Fertility
Prestige
13. The denial of opportunities and equal rights to individuals and groups that results from the normal operations of a society.
Mass media
Single-parent families
Apartheid
Institutional discrimination
14. The conscious feeling of a negative discrepancy between legitimate expectations and present actualities.
Ecclesia
Gesellschaft
Relative deprivation
Dyad
15. Organizations established on the basis of common interest - whose members volunteer or even pay to participate.
Achieved status
Social inequality
Voluntary associations
Informal economy
16. A group that is set apart from others because of its national origin or distinctive cultural patterns.
Ecclesia
New religious movement (NRM) or cult
Ethnic group
Innovation
17. A term used by Max Weber to refer to people who have the same prestige or lifestyle - independent of their class positions.
Status group
Multiple-nuclei theory
Class consciousness
Gender roles
18. A sense of virility - personal worth - and pride in one's maleness.
Rites of passage
Correspondence principle
Machismo
Social role
19. A special-purpose group designed and structured for maximum efficiency.
Gesellschaft
Formal organization
Ideal type
Matriarchy
20. A large - organized religion not officially linked with the state or government.
Manifest functions
Terrorism
Monopoly
Denomination
21. The practice of placing students in specific curriculum groups on the basis of test scores and other criteria.
Legal-rational authority
Bilateral descent
Polyandry
Tracking
22. A hypothesis concerning the role of language in shaping cultures. It holds that language is culturally determined and serves to influence our mode of thought.
Master status
Social network
Sapir-Whorf hypothesis
Cognitive theory of development
23. A preindustrial society in which people rely on whatever foods and fiber are readily available in order to live.
Hunting-and-gathering society
Postmodern society
Affirmative action
Conformity
24. Specialized language used by members of a group or subculture.
Social interaction
Argot
Impression management
Functionalist perspective
25. A term used by George Herbert Mead to refer to those individuals who are most important in the development of the self - such as parents - friends - and teachers.
Ideal type
Significant others
Postmodern society
Role strain
26. A factor held constant to test the relative impact of an independent variable.
Adoption
Established sect
Control variable
Serial monogamy
27. The process by which a relatively small number of people control what material eventually reaches the audience.
Slavery
Folkways
Gatekeeping
Quantitative research
28. The far-reaching process by which a society moves from traditional or less developed institutions to those characteristic of more developed societies.
Total fertility rate (TFR)
Society
Modernization
Expressiveness
29. A detailed plan or method for obtaining data scientifically.
Counterculture
Hypothesis
Research design
False consciousness
30. In Karl Marx's view - a subjective awareness held by members of a class regarding their common vested interests and need for collective political action to bring about social change.
Small group
Class consciousness
Multiple-nuclei theory
Cultural transmission
31. According to
Religion
Fertility
Mores
Negotiation
32. A term used by sociologists to describe the willing exchange among adults of widely desired - but illegal - goods and services.
Cult
Victimless crimes
Ethnocentrism
Education
33. A social system in which the position of each individual is influenced by his or her achieved status.
Open system
Opinion leader
Bilateral descent
Patrilineal descent
34. The process by which the principles of the fast-food restaurant have come to dominate certain sectors of society - both in the United States and throughout the world.
McDonaldization
Second shift
Downsizing
Evolutionary theory
35. A term used by Karl Marx to describe an attitude held by members of a class that does not accurately reflect its objective position.
Family
Nonmaterial culture
Force
False consciousness
36. The belief that the products - styles - or ideas of one's society are inferior to those that originate elsewhere.
Objective method
Xenocentrism
World systems analysis
Goal displacement
37. An artificially created situation that allows the researcher to manipulate variables.
Culture shock
Correlation
Experiment
Primary group
38. An increase in the lowest level of education required to enter a field.
Credentialism
Modernization theory
Community
Sacred
39. The reputation that a particular individual has earned within an occupation.
Esteem
Intergenerational mobility
Stigma
Cult
40. A variety of research techniques that make use of publicly accessible information and data.
Validity
Infant mortality rate
Secondary analysis
Horticultural societies
41. A group small enough for all members to interact simultaneously - that is - to talk with one another or at least be acquainted.
Multinational corporations
Small group
Code of ethics
Telecommuters
42. Long term trend in human societies that results from the interplay of innovation - continuity - and selection.
Dependent variable
Social change
Horticultural societies
Sociocultural evolution
43. The impact that a teacher's expectations about a student's performance may have on the student's actual achievements.
Experimental group
Teacher-expectancy effect
Invention
Class system
44. Due to the stereotyping - this term has been abandoned by sociologists in favor of new religious movements.
Causal logic
Cult
Validity
Deviance
45. An approach to deviance that attempts to explain why certain people are viewed as deviants while others engaging in the same behavior are not.
Labeling theory
Gesellschaft
Vested interests
Relative poverty
46. A term used by Max Weber to refer to a group of people who have a similar level of wealth and income.
Classical theory
Ethnic group
Class
Power
47. Power that has been institutionalized and is recognized by the people over whom it is exercised.
Human ecology
Variable
Authority
Negotiated order
48. A society whose economic system is primarily engaged in the processing and control of information.
Sick role
Postindustrial society
Horizontal mobility
Environmental justice
49. A relationship between two variables whereby a change in one coincides with a change in the other.
Open system
Counterculture
Correlation
Globalization
50. An abstract system of word meanings and symbols for all aspects of culture. It also includes gestures and other nonverbal communication.
Language
Total fertility rate (TFR)
Proletariat
Hidden curriculum
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