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CLEP Western Civilization I: Ancient Near East

Subjects : clep, history
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Unified all of Mesopotamia circa 1800 BC - collapsed due to foreign invasian.






2. The most important ruler in Babylonian history. Responsible for the codification of law. Ruled over public and private life; business - financial - and criminal law. Judgements were often harsh.






3. 'wedge-shaped.' A system of writing developed by the Sumerians that consisted of wedge-shaped impressions made by a reed stylus on clay tablets.






4. The period from 12 -000 BC to 8 -000 BC characterized by the gradual shift from hunter-gather societies to sedentary agricultural societies.






5. Period from 4 -000 BC to 1 -500 BC (3rd Millenium) when bronze tools were first introduced in the Middle East.






6. Mesopotamian ____ was designed to persuade the good divine elements to side with practitioners.






7. A combination of pictograms and phonograms that the Eqyptians used for writing.






8. The practice of seeking to foretell future events by interpreting divine signs - which could appear in various forms - such as in entrails of animals - in patterns in smoke - or in dreams.






9. The loose collection of territorially small cities in Mesopotamia which lacked unity with one another due to geographic isolation. Each was dedicated to a particular god or goddess.






10. First foreigners to conquer and rule Egypt during the 15th and 16th dynasties. Later defeated by Egyptian Soldiers opening the door for the New Kingdom.






11. Unified Upper and Lower Egypt into one kingdom with the capital at Memphis around 3000 BC.






12. Indo-European people who entered Mesopotamia in 1750 BC - destroying the Babylonian Empire; partnered with the Egyptians to destroy Syria - then turned on the Egyptians conquering them and ruling for several centuries; played a major role in transmit






13. A sea-faring civilization located on the shores on the Eastern Mediterranean; established colonies throughout the Mediterranean and devised a simplified alphabet that greatly influenced the Greek and Latin writing systems.






14. Wife of Akenhaten - died during his celebration. After which Akenhaten became intolerant of any other gods - obsessively erasing them from history and neglecting his kingdom in the process.






15. Achievements of the ___________ civilization include the construction of irrigation ditches - introduction of the plow - and wheel made pottery.






16. Ruler of Akkad - he established the first empire in Mesopotamian civilization conquering and uniting the Sumerian city-states under a centralized bureaucratic government. Installed himself as the mediator between the gods and man - above the priests.






17. 'Soldiers of God'






18. The African state that developed along the upper reached of the Nile circa 1000 BC; conquered Egypt and ruled it for several centuries.






19. Egyptian sun-god that attained preeminence above other Egyptian deities. Briefly leading the Egyptians into monotheism prior to the reign of Tutankhamen which saw the restoration of the older religion and its promise of an afterlife.






20. Period of Ancient Egyptian history during which permanent settlements were established - stone and crafts work developed - burial practices moved to the outer edges of the territories - and the beginnings of a belief in the afterlife became evident.






21. Born a commoner - this Pharaoh rose to power at the age of 15 on the coat tails of his family's military prowess and reigned until his death at age 93. As one of Egypt's greatest kings - he relied heavily on propaganda and diplomacy - building temple






22. Early Sumerian kingdoms began as theocracies - their kings established their authority through ____________.






23. The Egyptian concept of harmony and order - justice and truth. Implied a divine force for harmony and stability which emanated from the beginning of time itself. Good rule by pharaoh signified its presence

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24. Period of Ancient Egyptian history during which the Pharaohs regained powers over the priests but with somewhat less authority during which laws began to be written down.






25. Monotheistic - Semitic-speaking people of Mesopotamia. Enslaved by the Egyptians - their leader Moses eventually led them out of captivity. Their religion opened the door for awareness of the self with moral autonomy - man had the choice between good






26. Name for the Hebrew god.






27. The early degree of organization of communities in the Fertile Crescent and primarily in Egypt can be attributed to the need for ________.






28. From the Latin term for 'city.' Characterized by formal states - writing - cities - and monuments.






29. The term given to the development of agricultural societies. This revolution in economic - political - and social organization began in the Middle East as early as 10 -000 B.C.E. and gradually spread to other centers - including parts of India - Nort






30. The first tools were made of ___________ approximately 2.5 Million years ago.






31. Beginning of the Neolithic Period or 'New Stone Age'. Saw the adaptation of sedentary agriculture and the domestication of plants and animals.






32. Located at the center of each Sumerian city-state - this was a massive stepped tower upon which a temple dedicated to the chief god or goddess of the city-state.






33. Egyptian civilization sprang up in northern Africa - along the ______________; this river played a crucial role in the ability of the Egyptians to produce an abundant harvest.






34. Cradle of Civilization located in the area between Mesopotamia and Syria.






35. The first economic class not responsible for producing their own food and shelter.






36. Three main rivers of the Fertile Crescent.






37. The Great Pyramid is the tomb of the Pharaoh ________.






38. Capital of Ancient Egypt during most of the New Kingdom.






39. Prior to the Bronze Age - during the 4th Millenium - crafters smelted tools from ___________.






40. The Greek leaders of Egypt after it was conquered by Alexander the Great. These leaders took on much of the Egyptian culture - even calling themselves Pharaoh.






41. As the most influential of the smaller Middle Eastern regional cultures - the Jews were characterized most by ______________.






42. A technological advance invented c. 6000 BC encourage higher quality ceramic pottery production.

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43. Egyptian Pharaoh of the New Kingdom - attempted to reduce the power of the priests by establishing a monotheistic religion dedicated to Aten - the sun-god - replacing the tradition Egyptian pantheon of gods. He established himself as the sole priest






44. Passive - Stable - Predictable - and Conformist are adjectives that the describe the _____________ people and explain why their civilization was able to survive for an extraordinary 3 -000 years.






45. In contrast to the isolated Egyptians - these people were warriors and traders - they were highly unpredictable and abstract thinkers.






46. Cunning woman who became Pharaoh during the New Kingdom. She relied heavily on propoganda claimed to be the daughter of the God Amen - often presented herself with a male body and false beard in statues and imagery. Her stepson - whom she had usurped






47. The first civilizations - they created a basic set of tools - intellectual concepts such as writing and mathematics - and political forms that would persist and spread to other parts of Europe - Asia - and Africa. Most were in decline by 1000 BC.






48. The moral code divined to Moses by the Hebrew god. Unlike the Code of Hammurabi - rich and poor were treated equally.






49. Tombs of the Egyptian Pharaohs.






50. _____________religion inspired confidence and optimism in the external order and stability of the world.