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CLEP Western Civilization I: Ancient Near East

Subjects : clep, history
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Pre-agricultural culture located in present day Israel - Jordan and Lebanon. Collected naturally present barley and wheat to supplement game. Characterized by large settlements.






2. Early Sumerian kingdoms began as theocracies - their kings established their authority through ____________.






3. Born a commoner - this Pharaoh rose to power at the age of 15 on the coat tails of his family's military prowess and reigned until his death at age 93. As one of Egypt's greatest kings - he relied heavily on propaganda and diplomacy - building temple






4. Three main rivers of the Fertile Crescent.






5. Successor to Ra as the king of the gods of Ancient Egypt - ______ is credited with teaching men to be civilized and to farm - and for teaching mankind to worship the gods and to build temples. Isis was also a wise and good ruler who taught men how to






6. 'Soldiers of God'






7. The practice of seeking to foretell future events by interpreting divine signs - which could appear in various forms - such as in entrails of animals - in patterns in smoke - or in dreams.






8. First foreigners to conquer and rule Egypt during the 15th and 16th dynasties. Later defeated by Egyptian Soldiers opening the door for the New Kingdom.






9. The most important gods of Ancient Egypt - ________ was the sun and the begetter of the gods themselves. The myth that he was the first king on earth is the foundation on which the Pharoahs stake their claim of divinity.






10. A combination of pictograms and phonograms that the Eqyptians used for writing.






11. The Neolithic Revolution first occurred in the _____________.






12. Part god and part king - the __________ was the leader of the Ancient of Egyptians. It was his job to raise the sun - the crops - and the coming of the Nile. He held absolute power over the Egyptians in the present life and in the hereafter.






13. The smaller size of the pyramids during the 5th and 6th dynasties is reflective of the declining power of the Pharaoh and the rise in power of ____________ in an economy of increasing size.






14. A nomadic agricultural lifestyle based on herding domesticated animals; tended to produce independent people capable of challenging sedentary agricultural societies.






15. 'wedge-shaped.' A system of writing developed by the Sumerians that consisted of wedge-shaped impressions made by a reed stylus on clay tablets.






16. Egyptian sun-god that attained preeminence above other Egyptian deities. Briefly leading the Egyptians into monotheism prior to the reign of Tutankhamen which saw the restoration of the older religion and its promise of an afterlife.






17. Capital of Ancient Egypt during most of the New Kingdom.






18. Name for the Hebrew god.






19. The most important ruler in Babylonian history. Responsible for the codification of law. Ruled over public and private life; business - financial - and criminal law. Judgements were often harsh.






20. The Greek leaders of Egypt after it was conquered by Alexander the Great. These leaders took on much of the Egyptian culture - even calling themselves Pharaoh.






21. Ancient Sumerian king - ruled 2700 BC. Credited with having been a demigod of superhuman strength who built a great city wall to defend his people from external threats. Influence of his epic stories are seen in the Hebrew story of the Great Flood.






22. First to develop money - weights and measures - and hours.






23. Period of Ancient Egyptian history during which permanent settlements were established - stone and crafts work developed - burial practices moved to the outer edges of the territories - and the beginnings of a belief in the afterlife became evident.






24. Period from 4 -000 BC to 1 -500 BC (3rd Millenium) when bronze tools were first introduced in the Middle East.






25. Egyptian Pharaoh of the New Kingdom - attempted to reduce the power of the priests by establishing a monotheistic religion dedicated to Aten - the sun-god - replacing the tradition Egyptian pantheon of gods. He established himself as the sole priest






26. Period of Ancient Egyptian history during which the great pyramids were built - Declined following the reign on Pepi II because of the rise in power of regional nomarchs and the dissolution of a centralized Egyptian government. This period was follow






27. Major contributor to the spread of culture.






28. Cunning woman who became Pharaoh during the New Kingdom. She relied heavily on propoganda claimed to be the daughter of the God Amen - often presented herself with a male body and false beard in statues and imagery. Her stepson - whom she had usurped






29. The Great Pyramid is the tomb of the Pharaoh ________.






30. As the most influential of the smaller Middle Eastern regional cultures - the Jews were characterized most by ______________.






31. The period prior to 12 -000 BC typified by the use of crude stone tools and hunting and gathering for subsistence; describes the majority of 2 million plus years of the existence of homo species.






32. Ancient Sumerian economies were ___________ with Priests charged with caring for the gods and goddesses and then providing for the community.






33. The early degree of organization of communities in the Fertile Crescent and primarily in Egypt can be attributed to the need for ________.






34. City built by the Israelite King David in order to honor God.






35. Tombs of the Egyptian Pharaohs.






36. Egyptian civilization sprang up in northern Africa - along the ______________; this river played a crucial role in the ability of the Egyptians to produce an abundant harvest.






37. Ruler of Akkad - he established the first empire in Mesopotamian civilization conquering and uniting the Sumerian city-states under a centralized bureaucratic government. Installed himself as the mediator between the gods and man - above the priests.






38. Dating to 3500 BC - this civilization is one of the few cases of a civilization that started from scratch






39. Following the defeat of the foreign Hyksos rulers - this period was the most prosperous time of Ancient Egyptian history. It saw the expansion of the Egyptian Empire to Nubia in the south as well as to the near east through warfare gaining riches and






40. Achievements of the ___________ civilization include the construction of irrigation ditches - introduction of the plow - and wheel made pottery.






41. Beginning of the Neolithic Period or 'New Stone Age'. Saw the adaptation of sedentary agriculture and the domestication of plants and animals.






42. Early walled urban culture site based on sedentary agriculture; located in modern Israeli-occupied West Bank near Jordan River.






43. Between 3000 and 1500 BC - the civilization flourished over the region that extended hundreds of miles from the Himalaya Mountains to the coast of the Arabian Sea. At the heart of the civilization were Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro. Both cities had popula






44. The first civilizations - they created a basic set of tools - intellectual concepts such as writing and mathematics - and political forms that would persist and spread to other parts of Europe - Asia - and Africa. Most were in decline by 1000 BC.






45. Unified Upper and Lower Egypt into one kingdom with the capital at Memphis around 3000 BC.






46. People of Akkad who overruled the Sumerians and assimilated their culture. Simplified the Sumerian cuneiform.






47. The Egyptian concept of harmony and order - justice and truth. Implied a divine force for harmony and stability which emanated from the beginning of time itself. Good rule by pharaoh signified its presence

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48. Ancient Egyptians used ___________ for writing on.






49. A religious outlook that see god in many aspects of nature and propitiates them to help control and explain nature; typical of Mesopotamian religions.






50. Migrated into Mesopotamia circa 4000 BC; created the first civilization within the region; organized area into city-states; established the first form of writing - cuneiform.







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