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CLEP Western Civilization I: Ancient Near East

Subjects : clep, history
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Cunning woman who became Pharaoh during the New Kingdom. She relied heavily on propoganda claimed to be the daughter of the God Amen - often presented herself with a male body and false beard in statues and imagery. Her stepson - whom she had usurped






2. Name for the Hebrew god.






3. ___________ sacrifice was common among all religions during the late neolithic period.






4. First Pharaoh of the Old Kingdom.






5. The two Hebrew kingdoms of Canaan.






6. _____________religion inspired confidence and optimism in the external order and stability of the world.






7. Following the defeat of the foreign Hyksos rulers - this period was the most prosperous time of Ancient Egyptian history. It saw the expansion of the Egyptian Empire to Nubia in the south as well as to the near east through warfare gaining riches and






8. Early societies were ____________ - or run by men.






9. Major contributor to the spread of culture.






10. The Egyptian concept of harmony and order - justice and truth. Implied a divine force for harmony and stability which emanated from the beginning of time itself. Good rule by pharaoh signified its presence


11. The Greek leaders of Egypt after it was conquered by Alexander the Great. These leaders took on much of the Egyptian culture - even calling themselves Pharaoh.






12. City built by the Israelite King David in order to honor God.






13. Ancient Sumerian economies were ___________ with Priests charged with caring for the gods and goddesses and then providing for the community.






14. Egyptian gods were often represented by ____________.






15. Period of Ancient Egyptian history during which permanent settlements were established - stone and crafts work developed - burial practices moved to the outer edges of the territories - and the beginnings of a belief in the afterlife became evident.






16. First to develop money - weights and measures - and hours.






17. Located at the center of each Sumerian city-state - this was a massive stepped tower upon which a temple dedicated to the chief god or goddess of the city-state.






18. Period from 4 -000 BC to 1 -500 BC (3rd Millenium) when bronze tools were first introduced in the Middle East.






19. The moral code divined to Moses by the Hebrew god. Unlike the Code of Hammurabi - rich and poor were treated equally.






20. The end of the Bronze Age saw the rise of great __________ power.






21. Egyptian civilization sprang up in northern Africa - along the ______________; this river played a crucial role in the ability of the Egyptians to produce an abundant harvest.






22. A nomadic agricultural lifestyle based on herding domesticated animals; tended to produce independent people capable of challenging sedentary agricultural societies.






23. The smaller size of the pyramids during the 5th and 6th dynasties is reflective of the declining power of the Pharaoh and the rise in power of ____________ in an economy of increasing size.






24. Recent archeological studies show that there were at least _____ early civilizations.






25. Capital of Ancient Egypt during most of the New Kingdom.






26. Early Sumerian kingdoms began as theocracies - their kings established their authority through ____________.






27. Egyptian sun-god that attained preeminence above other Egyptian deities. Briefly leading the Egyptians into monotheism prior to the reign of Tutankhamen which saw the restoration of the older religion and its promise of an afterlife.






28. The term given to the development of agricultural societies. This revolution in economic - political - and social organization began in the Middle East as early as 10 -000 B.C.E. and gradually spread to other centers - including parts of India - Nort






29. Part god and part king - the __________ was the leader of the Ancient of Egyptians. It was his job to raise the sun - the crops - and the coming of the Nile. He held absolute power over the Egyptians in the present life and in the hereafter.






30. In contrast to the isolated Egyptians - these people were warriors and traders - they were highly unpredictable and abstract thinkers.






31. Period of Ancient Egyptian history during which the Pharaohs regained powers over the priests but with somewhat less authority during which laws began to be written down.






32. 'wedge-shaped.' A system of writing developed by the Sumerians that consisted of wedge-shaped impressions made by a reed stylus on clay tablets.






33. Intermediate form of ecological adaptation in which temporary forms of cultivation are carried out with little impact on the natural ecology; typical of rainforest cultivators.






34. Monotheistic - Semitic-speaking people of Mesopotamia. Enslaved by the Egyptians - their leader Moses eventually led them out of captivity. Their religion opened the door for awareness of the self with moral autonomy - man had the choice between good






35. As the most influential of the smaller Middle Eastern regional cultures - the Jews were characterized most by ______________.






36. Ancient Sumerian king - ruled 2700 BC. Credited with having been a demigod of superhuman strength who built a great city wall to defend his people from external threats. Influence of his epic stories are seen in the Hebrew story of the Great Flood.






37. Brother to the Ancient Egyptian god - Osiris - and credited with his death - _______ stands for all things unpleasant - disorder and warfare.






38. Three main rivers of the Fertile Crescent.






39. Migrated into Mesopotamia circa 4000 BC; created the first civilization within the region; organized area into city-states; established the first form of writing - cuneiform.






40. The loose collection of territorially small cities in Mesopotamia which lacked unity with one another due to geographic isolation. Each was dedicated to a particular god or goddess.






41. Ancient Egyptians used ___________ for writing on.






42. Early walled urban culture site based on sedentary agriculture; located in modern Israeli-occupied West Bank near Jordan River.






43. A combination of pictograms and phonograms that the Eqyptians used for writing.






44. The practice of seeking to foretell future events by interpreting divine signs - which could appear in various forms - such as in entrails of animals - in patterns in smoke - or in dreams.






45. Indo-European people who entered Mesopotamia in 1750 BC - destroying the Babylonian Empire; partnered with the Egyptians to destroy Syria - then turned on the Egyptians conquering them and ruling for several centuries; played a major role in transmit






46. Founded by Cyrus the Great who expanded the empire across vast lands using a system of local administrators to maintain control.






47. Sumerian relationship with their gods was ___________. Humans were created to do the manual labor for the gods.






48. The Great Pyramid is the tomb of the Pharaoh ________.






49. Tombs of the Egyptian Pharaohs.






50. Ruler of Akkad - he established the first empire in Mesopotamian civilization conquering and uniting the Sumerian city-states under a centralized bureaucratic government. Installed himself as the mediator between the gods and man - above the priests.