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CLEP Western Civilization II

Subjects : clep, history
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Aka AUSTRO-PRUSSIAN War (1866) This war resulted from Bismarck wanting to isolate Austria from German affairs

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2. From it emerged Czechoslovakia - Yugoslavia - Hungary - and Austria.






3. Organizations devoted to revolution. Created by radical COMMUNISTS and SOCIALISTS - including Marx.






4. Weakness of instability of OTTOMAN rule in the Mediterranean region.






5. An alliance between Great Britain - France and Russia in the years before WWI.






6. Invented the STEAM ENGINE - which led to steam powered cotton mills - and the railroad.






7. Thousands of Russians marched on the Winter Palace. Nicholas II gave up power. A PROVISIONAL GOVERNMENT was set up - and immediately social reforms took place.






8. Passed in 1848 - this encouraged local towns to pass SANITATION laws.






9. A form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)






10. Radical SUFFRAGETTE who led the WOMEN'S SOCIAL AND POLITICAL UNION - which led large - noisy - and sometimes violent demonstrations.






11. Important Russian radical who was a member of secret - exiled - SOCIAL REVOLUTIONARY AND CONSTITUTIONAL DEMOCRATIC PARTIES in Russia - which was ruled by a tsar.






12. Treaty of non-aggression between Russian and Germany during WW2 to keep it a one front war for Germany. Also called the NAZI-SOVIET PACT.






13. US president who gave a deadline to the Soviet Union to stop building missiles on Cuba.






14. The end of the FRANCO-PRUSSIAN War. Alsace and Lorraine given to Germany.






15. The place at which the three allied leaders - Truman - Stalin - and Atlee - met to discuss the distribution of Germany and the ultimatum that they would issue to Japan demanding thier immediate surrender






16. Father of modern CONSERVATISM. noted for his emphasis on tradition. Wrote 'Reflections on the Revolution in France.'






17. Last German offensive on the Western Front in World War II. Its failure hastened German defeat.






18. A United States program of economic aid for the reconstruction of Europe (1948-1952). Implemented by the ORGANIZATION FOR EUROPEAN ECONOMIC COOPERATION






19. Developed the SCIENTIFIC METHOD through the INDUCTIVE method (specific to general) - wrote Novum Organum.






20. GOD IS DEAD. Hated self sacrifice - emphasized a 'will to power.' A minority of the strongest should rule.






21. Very RADICAL French revolutionary party responsible for Reign of Terror and execution of king






22. Fascist dictator of ITALY (1922-1943). He led Italy to conquer Ethiopia - joined Germany in the Axis pact - and allied Italy with Germany in World War II. He was overthrown in 1943 when the Allies invaded Italy.Called IL DUCE (the leader)






23. March 1917. Sent from German Foreign Secretary - addressed to German minister in Mexico City. Mexico should attack the US if US goes to war with Germany (needed that advantage due to Mexico's promixity to the US). In return - Germany would give back






24. Stalin's successor - wanted peaceful coexistence with the U.S. Eisenhower agreed to a summit conference with Khrushchev - France and Great Britain in Geneva - Switzerland in July - 1955 to discuss how peaceful coexistence could be achieved.






25. Local communist councils established throughout Russia.






26. Monopolized more than 75% of U.S. oil.






27. This was the empress of Russia who continued Peter's goal to Westernizing Russia - created a new law code - and greatly expanded Russia. ENLIGHTENED DESPOT who wrote to Voltaire and Diderot and questioned capital punishment and serfdom.






28. Passed in 1832 - this controversial law gave the VOTE to middle class men in industrial cities - and gave them the right to be represented in PARLIAMENT. It abolished 'rotten boroughs -' sparsely populated areas that had representation.






29. OLD ORDER of kings who ruled absolutely.






30. Powerful poem by WILFRED OWEN about the horrors of WWI.






31. Result of end of Austria-Prussian War - Austria doesn't get involved in German affairs - North German Confederation made under rulership of Prussia. Major step towards German unification.






32. English philosopher who advocated the idea of a 'social contract' in which government powers are derived from the consent of the governed and in which the government serves the people; also said people have natural rights to LIFE - LIBERTY AND PROPER






33. Italian nationalist whose writings spurred the movement for a unified and independent Italy (1805-1872) YOUNG ITALY - and RISORGIMENTO movements.






34. The Quadruple Alliance - Russia - Prussia - Austria - and Britain...plus France - to prevent France's resentment towards the victors.






35. One of the prominent JACOBIN radical leaders during the revolution. He edited a radical newspaper. He called to rid France of the enemies of the Revolution






36. British political party. Liberals. Against the king.






37. Republican form of government. United Provinces of the Netherlands; tolerant of all religions. 1st half of 17th century was golden age-govt. consisted of organized confederation of 7 provinces each w/ rep. govt. It established the Bank of Amsterdam a






38. French liberals who wanted the absolute monarchy; supported Charles X - wanted the ANCIEN REGIME






39. The process by which religious beliefs - practices - and institutions lose their significance in sectors of society and culture.






40. Idea created by JOHANN GOTTFRIED HERGER about a 'PEOPLE'S SPIRIT' to identify the national character of Germany - but soon passed to other countries. NATIONALISM.






41. (1740-48) Conflict caused by the rival claims for the dominions of the Habsburg family. Before the death of Charles VI - Holy Roman emperor and archduke of Austria - many of the European powers had guaranteed that Charles's daughter Maria Theresa wou






42. Idea that the goal of society should be to bring about the greatest happiness for the GREATEST NUMBER of people. Associated with JEREMY BENTHAM.






43. Tsar who - in the late 17th and early 18th century - turned to the western model to 'modernize' Russia.






44. Wrote THE DECLINE AND FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE. First ever history book to refer to history in strictly SECULAR terms. No God involved.






45. Alliance between Germany - Italy - Austria-Hungary before WWI






46. French mathematician who invented CALCULUS - devised a theory of chance and probability. Wrote the 'Pensees.' Argued that religion and science are both true. PASCAL's WAGER said that It is worth the risk believing in God.






47. Peace treaty between Russia and Central Powers. Marked Russia's exit from war. Its harsh terms intensified the Allies' determination for victory.






48. Prussian king of the 18th century; attempted to introduce Enlightenment reforms into Germany; built on military and BUREAUCRATIC foundations of his predecessors; introduced freedom of religion; increased state control of economy. ENLIGHTENED DESPOT.






49. Mutiny of Russia's fleet took place here.






50. French general who became EMPEROR of the French (1769-1821) Subtly became sole ruler of a country trying to become democratic. Claimed the title of FIRST CONSUL. Napoleon waged economic and literal war on England constantly. KING OF ITALY too.