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CLEP Western Civilization II

Subjects : clep, history
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. In 1898 - a conflict between the United States and Spain - in which the U.S. supported the CUBANS' fight for INDEPENDENCE.






2. The machine German's encrypted their battle plan codes on - which British broke and could foresee German battle plans.






3. The French King who built the palace at Versailles - The longest standing King of France 'SUN KING' - - One of the most powerful monarchs of Europe - ruling 72 years. He was famous for his quote -'I AM THE STATE.' Executed by furious revolutionaries.






4. A form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)






5. Britain political party devoted to the interests of the LABOR UNION movement.






6. Idea that the goal of society should be to bring about the greatest happiness for the GREATEST NUMBER of people. Associated with JEREMY BENTHAM.






7. Advanced the treatment and diagnosis of disease. Thought that diseases were caused by chemical imbalances.






8. One of the prominent JACOBIN radical leaders during the revolution. He edited a radical newspaper. He called to rid France of the enemies of the Revolution






9. THE ATHENS OF THE NORTH. The Scottish had their own Enlightenment.






10. Wrote 'THE SPIRIT OF THE LAWS' - advocated separation of powers with the three BRANCHES of legislative - judicial - and executive - plus checks and balances.






11. Document that helped create the UNITED NATIONS.






12. Tsar who - in the late 17th and early 18th century - turned to the western model to 'modernize' Russia.






13. Last German offensive on the Western Front in World War II. Its failure hastened German defeat.






14. Legislative body of 5 men after Thermidorian Reaction - UNSTABLE.






15. The Quadruple Alliance - Russia - Prussia - Austria - and Britain...plus France - to prevent France's resentment towards the victors.






16. First to develop and write a book on the heliocentric theory - 'On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres.' It was placed on the index of prohibited books






17. Overthrew the provisional government in Russia in 1917 - made null the democratic reforms - and established a dictatorship.






18. Emperor of the Austrian Empire who controlled the Catholic Church closely - granted religious toleration and civic rights to Protestants and Jews - and abolished serfdom. ENLIGHTENED DESPOT.






19. LIBERALS and Monarchists. All those opposed to the Russian Revolution.






20. Influential to Darwin's theory - he thought that everything - including humans - produce MORE OFFSPRING than can survive due to food shortages.






21. Anti-Nazi - Anti-Vichy Regime French fighters who were led by CHARLES de GAULLE.






22. JACOBIN French revolutionary leader who stormed the Paris bastille and who supported the execution of Louis XVI but was guillotined by Robespierre for his opposition to the Reign of Terror (1759-1794).






23. Fascist dictator of ITALY (1922-1943). He led Italy to conquer Ethiopia - joined Germany in the Axis pact - and allied Italy with Germany in World War II. He was overthrown in 1943 when the Allies invaded Italy.Called IL DUCE (the leader)






24. Prussian king of the 18th century; attempted to introduce Enlightenment reforms into Germany; built on military and BUREAUCRATIC foundations of his predecessors; introduced freedom of religion; increased state control of economy. ENLIGHTENED DESPOT.






25. Civil conflict caused by Irish nationalists in the IRISH REPUBLICAN ARMY against the British Empire - led by EAMON de VALERA.






26. The place at which the three allied leaders - Truman - Stalin - and Atlee - met to discuss the distribution of Germany and the ultimatum that they would issue to Japan demanding thier immediate surrender






27. Also called the COMINTERN. This institute provided rules for Socialists throughtout Europe to follow. Among it's TWENTYONE CONDITIONS was the rejection of all political forms that called for the institution of communism through gradual means.






28. First ruled by the Great Elector - Frederick William. Formed after Thirty Year's War. Prussia's nobles - JUNKERS - were given exemption from taxes to give loyalty to the Fredericks. Built an enormous army. Would become Germany.






29. 17t century French philosopher. Famously known for writing 'cogito ergo sum' ('I THINK THEREFORE I AM'). Wrote about concept of dualism.






30. The violent backlash in France against the rule of Robspierre that began with his arrest and execution in July 1794 - or 9 Thermidor in the French revolutionary calendar. Most of the instruments of Terror were dismantled - Jacobins were purged from p






31. Developed CALCULUS dependently and at the same time as Pascal.






32. Conflict between the Russian and Ottoman Empires over Christian shrines and territory fought primarily in the Crimean Peninsula. To prevent Russian expansion - Britain and France sent troops to support the Ottomans.






33. Russia - France - and Britain during WWI.






34. Ancient scientist who said earth was the center of the universe






35. GOD IS DEAD. Hated self sacrifice - emphasized a 'will to power.' A minority of the strongest should rule.






36. Warship that was sent to the MOROCCAN coast by the GERMANS - to publicly declare they favored Moroccans being free from their colonizers - France. It was a threat to Britain and France.






37. A military draft






38. Wrote the pamphlet 'What is the THIRD ESTATE' concerning the plight of France's lower class.






39. Perfected the INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE - for cars.






40. This treaty ended the Seven Years War. Gave Canada and area east of the Mississippi to Britain.






41. Lasting from 1899 to 1902 - DUTCH colonists and the BRITISH competed for control of territory in South Africa.






42. Wrote THE DECLINE AND FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE. First ever history book to refer to history in strictly SECULAR terms. No God involved.






43. Invented the STEAM ENGINE - which led to steam powered cotton mills - and the railroad.






44. Louis XVI called nobles and clergy to ask for money and the wealthy refused. The nobles refused to pay taxes. This group was made up of people selected by the king and was made up primarily of nobles.






45. Petition in 19th century Britain where members of the working class demanded reforms in Parliament and in elections - including suffrage for all MEN.






46. People - such as EDUARD BERNSTEIN - who believed that COMMUNISM could be achieved slowly and through democratic means.






47. New 'SECULAR' name for a month in summer.






48. Treaty of non-aggression between Russian and Germany during WW2 to keep it a one front war for Germany. Also called the NAZI-SOVIET PACT.






49. The end of the FRANCO-PRUSSIAN War. Alsace and Lorraine given to Germany.






50. Developed the SCIENTIFIC METHOD through the INDUCTIVE method (specific to general) - wrote Novum Organum.







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