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CLEP Western Civilization II

Subjects : clep, history
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. English philosopher who advocated the idea of a 'social contract' in which government powers are derived from the consent of the governed and in which the government serves the people; also said people have natural rights to LIFE - LIBERTY AND PROPER






2. After Charles X is abdicated - this LIBERAL KING is given the throne of France. He is called the 'King of the French -' which meant that he worked for the people. NATIONAL GUARD killed forty rioters.






3. A religious war between the Catholics and Protestants - which resulted in the political restructuring of Europe and the development of nation states - the Dutch Republic - the Swiss Confederacy - the Austro-Hungarian Empire; granted religious freedom

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4. Perfected the INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE - for cars.






5. AUSTRIA and HUNGARY. Ruled by Francis Joseph of the Hapsburg empire from 1848 to 1916.






6. March 1917. Sent from German Foreign Secretary - addressed to German minister in Mexico City. Mexico should attack the US if US goes to war with Germany (needed that advantage due to Mexico's promixity to the US). In return - Germany would give back






7. The GREEKS revolted against the OTTOMANS for their independence.The Concert of Europe generally opposed to this.






8. The British government took land from owners - FENCED it off - and used it to raise sheep. Benefitted the economy - but hurt small farmers.






9. Fascist dictator of ITALY (1922-1943). He led Italy to conquer Ethiopia - joined Germany in the Axis pact - and allied Italy with Germany in World War II. He was overthrown in 1943 when the Allies invaded Italy.Called IL DUCE (the leader)






10. A highly influential French philosopher who believed that Human beings are naturally good & free & can rely on their instincts. Government should exist to protect common good - and be a democracy. Wrote 'SOCIAL CONTRACT -' and advocated the general w






11. A form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)






12. Idea created by JOHANN GOTTFRIED HERGER about a 'PEOPLE'S SPIRIT' to identify the national character of Germany - but soon passed to other countries. NATIONALISM.






13. The machine German's encrypted their battle plan codes on - which British broke and could foresee German battle plans.






14. Alliance between Germany - Italy - Austria-Hungary before WWI






15. Developed the SCIENTIFIC METHOD through the INDUCTIVE method (specific to general) - wrote Novum Organum.






16. From it emerged Turkey - Syria - Iran - and Iraq.






17. The place at which the three allied leaders - Truman - Stalin - and Atlee - met to discuss the distribution of Germany and the ultimatum that they would issue to Japan demanding thier immediate surrender






18. Germany - Italy - and Japan






19. First ruled by the Great Elector - Frederick William. Formed after Thirty Year's War. Prussia's nobles - JUNKERS - were given exemption from taxes to give loyalty to the Fredericks. Built an enormous army. Would become Germany.






20. Result of end of Austria-Prussian War - Austria doesn't get involved in German affairs - North German Confederation made under rulership of Prussia. Major step towards German unification.






21. Greater freedom for Ireland.






22. Finance minister who INDUSTRIALIZED Russia.






23. Wrote THE DECLINE AND FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE. First ever history book to refer to history in strictly SECULAR terms. No God involved.






24. Powerful poem by WILFRED OWEN about the horrors of WWI.






25. German Lutheran astronomer - discovered that the paths of the planets around the sun are ELLIPTICAL rather that circular.






26. In 1884 - this British prime minister passed the REFORM ACT - which gave the vote to 60 percent of British men.






27. Hitler blamed this event on communists and gave himself an excuse to take COMPLETE POWER of Germany.






28. Last German offensive on the Western Front in World War II. Its failure hastened German defeat.






29. Very RADICAL French revolutionary party responsible for Reign of Terror and execution of king






30. Prussian king of the 18th century; attempted to introduce Enlightenment reforms into Germany; built on military and BUREAUCRATIC foundations of his predecessors; introduced freedom of religion; increased state control of economy. ENLIGHTENED DESPOT.






31. Louis XVI called nobles and clergy to ask for money and the wealthy refused. The nobles refused to pay taxes. This group was made up of people selected by the king and was made up primarily of nobles.






32. The CONSERVATIVE side of the National Assembly. They favored having a king and wanted an absolute monarchy like England. They were the first people to control the National Assembly.






33. CONSERVATIVE KING succeeded his brother Louis XVIII. His desire to restore France to a Pre-1789 world led to the Revolution of 1830 and the ascent of Louis Philippe.






34. Scottish economist who advocated private enterprise and free trade (1723-1790). His LAISSEZ-FAIRE economics maintains that governments should let the economy run on it's own and natural laws will keep it afloat. This is capitalism.






35. Father of modern CONSERVATISM. noted for his emphasis on tradition. Wrote 'Reflections on the Revolution in France.'






36. Important Russian radical who was a member of secret - exiled - SOCIAL REVOLUTIONARY AND CONSTITUTIONAL DEMOCRATIC PARTIES in Russia - which was ruled by a tsar.






37. From it emerged Czechoslovakia - Yugoslavia - Hungary - and Austria.






38. Conflict between the Russian and Ottoman Empires over Christian shrines and territory fought primarily in the Crimean Peninsula. To prevent Russian expansion - Britain and France sent troops to support the Ottomans.






39. French general who became EMPEROR of the French (1769-1821) Subtly became sole ruler of a country trying to become democratic. Claimed the title of FIRST CONSUL. Napoleon waged economic and literal war on England constantly. KING OF ITALY too.






40. Republican form of government. United Provinces of the Netherlands; tolerant of all religions. 1st half of 17th century was golden age-govt. consisted of organized confederation of 7 provinces each w/ rep. govt. It established the Bank of Amsterdam a






41. Overthrew the provisional government in Russia in 1917 - made null the democratic reforms - and established a dictatorship.






42. LIBERALS and Monarchists. All those opposed to the Russian Revolution.






43. Government set up in Sourthern France by the Nazis.






44. The most important commodity of the SECOND Industrial Revolution. Used for building ships - trains - bridges - and weapons of war.






45. An alliance between Great Britain - France and Russia in the years before WWI.






46. BOLSHEVIKS. Revolutionaries and communists.






47. French mathematician who invented CALCULUS - devised a theory of chance and probability. Wrote the 'Pensees.' Argued that religion and science are both true. PASCAL's WAGER said that It is worth the risk believing in God.






48. Austrian archduke who was assasinated by SERBIAN NATIONALISTS as the trigger of the FIRST WORLD WAR in 1914.






49. Wrote 'THE SPIRIT OF THE LAWS' - advocated separation of powers with the three BRANCHES of legislative - judicial - and executive - plus checks and balances.






50. Founded the famous British RHODES SCHOLARS program for study in Oxford - England. He wanted students from colonies to study in England - then return and help the empire. RHODESIA (Zimbabwe) named after him.