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CLEP Western Civilization II

Subjects : clep, history
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 17t century French philosopher. Famously known for writing 'cogito ergo sum' ('I THINK THEREFORE I AM'). Wrote about concept of dualism.






2. A war between France and Prussia that ended the Second Empire in France and led to the founding of modern Germany; 1870-1871Declared by OTTO VON BISMARK. Humiliating for the French.






3. Russia - France - and Britain during WWI.






4. Civil war in England between the Parliamentarians and the Royalists under Charles I. Forces of Parliament called 'ROUNDHEADS'. Forces of the King called 'CAVALIERS'. Roundheads won - Puritans (Cromwell's religion) purged Presbyterians from Parliament






5. Overthrew the monarchy established in 1830; briefly established a DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC; failure of the republic led to the reestablishment of the French Empire under NAPOLEON III in 1850.






6. Fascist dictator of ITALY (1922-1943). He led Italy to conquer Ethiopia - joined Germany in the Axis pact - and allied Italy with Germany in World War II. He was overthrown in 1943 when the Allies invaded Italy.Called IL DUCE (the leader)






7. French philosopher. Scorned all authority - religion - and corrupt government. Extreme CYNIC. Believed in tolerance - reason - and freedom of thought - expression - and religious belief - but not Christianity. Famous quote - 'CRUSH THE INFAMOUS THING






8. British feminist of the eighteenth century who argued for women's equality with men - even in voting - in her 1792 'Vindication of the Rights of Women.'






9. Tsar who - in the late 17th and early 18th century - turned to the western model to 'modernize' Russia.






10. Prime minister of Sardinia (northern Italy) who vowed to drive out the Austrians and worked towards a united Italy.






11. The Quadruple Alliance - Russia - Prussia - Austria - and Britain...plus France - to prevent France's resentment towards the victors.






12. JACOBIN French revolutionary leader who stormed the Paris bastille and who supported the execution of Louis XVI but was guillotined by Robespierre for his opposition to the Reign of Terror (1759-1794).






13. Wrote 'THE SPIRIT OF THE LAWS' - advocated separation of powers with the three BRANCHES of legislative - judicial - and executive - plus checks and balances.






14. Idea created by JOHANN GOTTFRIED HERGER about a 'PEOPLE'S SPIRIT' to identify the national character of Germany - but soon passed to other countries. NATIONALISM.






15. Nazi war criminal who lived in hiding in Argentina for years before her was captured. HANNAH ARENDT argued in her book - 'Eichmann in Jerusalem' that he seemed hardly demonic.






16. Isolated the TUBERCULOSIS bacillus.






17. A joint stock company that controlled most of India during the period of imperialism. This company controlled the political - social - and economic life in India for more than 200 years.






18. Hitler blamed this event on communists and gave himself an excuse to take COMPLETE POWER of Germany.






19. New 'SECULAR' name for a month in summer.






20. ETHIOPIA beat off Italy's invasion of their country in this battle. Italy was the only European nation to have been defeated by Africans in war.






21. A form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)






22. An association of British socialists who advocate gradual evolutionary reforms within the law leading to democratic SOCIALISM.






23. Illiterate Cossack who started a mass REVOLT of serfs and peasants. Eventually captured - tortured - then executed






24. The process by which religious beliefs - practices - and institutions lose their significance in sectors of society and culture.






25. Germany - Austria-Hungary - Bulgaria - and Ottoman Empire ALLIED during WWI






26. A city Hitler wanted because it was a center of rail transportation and provide access to oil fields.






27. Ancient scientist who said earth was the center of the universe






28. French general who became EMPEROR of the French (1769-1821) Subtly became sole ruler of a country trying to become democratic. Claimed the title of FIRST CONSUL. Napoleon waged economic and literal war on England constantly. KING OF ITALY too.






29. Treaty of non-aggression between Russian and Germany during WW2 to keep it a one front war for Germany. Also called the NAZI-SOVIET PACT.






30. The English Parliament drove out an Catholic absolute monarch and replaced him with two constitutional monarch's WILLIAM III OF ORANGE and MARY - his wife - both Protestants. This Revolution was bloodless - and the new monarch's assented to a BILL OF






31. Piedmont - Italy defeated Austro-Hungarian empire and won their INDEPENDENCE.






32. Wrote the pamphlet 'What is the THIRD ESTATE' concerning the plight of France's lower class.






33. English mathematician and scientist who invented differential calculus and formulated the theory of universal GRAVITY - a theory about the nature of light - and three laws of motion. His treatise on gravitation - presented in Principia Mathematica (1






34. Father of modern CONSERVATISM. noted for his emphasis on tradition. Wrote 'Reflections on the Revolution in France.'






35. CONSERVATIVE KING succeeded his brother Louis XVIII. His desire to restore France to a Pre-1789 world led to the Revolution of 1830 and the ascent of Louis Philippe.






36. Monopolized more than 75% of U.S. oil.






37. Where Napoleon eventually met his defeat. He then was exiled to Elba.






38. Overthrew the provisional government in Russia in 1917 - made null the democratic reforms - and established a dictatorship.






39. The leaders under Robespierre who organized the defenses of France - conducted foreign policy - and centralized authority during the period 1792-1795. REIGN OF TERROR.






40. THE ATHENS OF THE NORTH. The Scottish had their own Enlightenment.






41. Anti-Nazi - Anti-Vichy Regime French fighters who were led by CHARLES de GAULLE.






42. In 1884 - this British prime minister passed the REFORM ACT - which gave the vote to 60 percent of British men.






43. AUSTRIA and HUNGARY. Ruled by Francis Joseph of the Hapsburg empire from 1848 to 1916.






44. Russian leader who succeeded Lenin as head of the Communist Party and created a totalitarian state by purging all opposition. INDUSTRIALIZED RUSSIA using FIVE YEAR PLANS which developed economics and emphasizes steel - iron - electricity - and heavy






45. Napoleon waged economic war on Britain by preventing trade with it and providing for trade with France.






46. This was the empress of Russia who continued Peter's goal to Westernizing Russia - created a new law code - and greatly expanded Russia. ENLIGHTENED DESPOT who wrote to Voltaire and Diderot and questioned capital punishment and serfdom.






47. Organizations devoted to revolution. Created by radical COMMUNISTS and SOCIALISTS - including Marx.






48. Conservative king who was revolted against in SPAIN. He ignored Spain's constitution and disbanded the parliament.






49. Developed the SCIENTIFIC METHOD through the INDUCTIVE method (specific to general) - wrote Novum Organum.






50. Powerful poem by WILFRED OWEN about the horrors of WWI.