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CLEP Western Civilization II

Subjects : clep, history
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. French philosopher. Scorned all authority - religion - and corrupt government. Extreme CYNIC. Believed in tolerance - reason - and freedom of thought - expression - and religious belief - but not Christianity. Famous quote - 'CRUSH THE INFAMOUS THING






2. A United States program of economic aid for the reconstruction of Europe (1948-1952). Implemented by the ORGANIZATION FOR EUROPEAN ECONOMIC COOPERATION






3. THE ATHENS OF THE NORTH. The Scottish had their own Enlightenment.






4. Advanced the treatment and diagnosis of disease. Thought that diseases were caused by chemical imbalances.






5. The place at which the three allied leaders - Truman - Stalin - and Atlee - met to discuss the distribution of Germany and the ultimatum that they would issue to Japan demanding thier immediate surrender






6. A member of a British political party - founded in 1689 - that was the opposition party to the Whigs and has been known as the Conservative Party since about 1832. Fond of kings and against revolution.






7. Piedmont - Italy defeated Austro-Hungarian empire and won their INDEPENDENCE.






8. LIBERALS and Monarchists. All those opposed to the Russian Revolution.






9. Illiterate Cossack who started a mass REVOLT of serfs and peasants. Eventually captured - tortured - then executed






10. Local communist councils established throughout Russia.






11. In 1898 - a conflict between the United States and Spain - in which the U.S. supported the CUBANS' fight for INDEPENDENCE.






12. Result of end of Austria-Prussian War - Austria doesn't get involved in German affairs - North German Confederation made under rulership of Prussia. Major step towards German unification.






13. Passed in 1848 - this encouraged local towns to pass SANITATION laws.






14. Limited the power of Charles I of England. a) could not declare martial law; b) could not collect taxes; c) could not imprison people without cause; d) soldiers could not be housed without consent. First Parliamentary limit on the power of a king.






15. Weakness of instability of OTTOMAN rule in the Mediterranean region.






16. An alliance between Great Britain - France and Russia in the years before WWI.






17. Germany - Italy - and Japan






18. Wrote 'THE SPIRIT OF THE LAWS' - advocated separation of powers with the three BRANCHES of legislative - judicial - and executive - plus checks and balances.






19. Idea that the goal of society should be to bring about the greatest happiness for the GREATEST NUMBER of people. Associated with JEREMY BENTHAM.






20. Austrian and Prussian emperor declared that they would declare war on France if the ROYAL FAMILY was harmed.






21. March 1917. Sent from German Foreign Secretary - addressed to German minister in Mexico City. Mexico should attack the US if US goes to war with Germany (needed that advantage due to Mexico's promixity to the US). In return - Germany would give back






22. Conflict between the Russian and Ottoman Empires over Christian shrines and territory fought primarily in the Crimean Peninsula. To prevent Russian expansion - Britain and France sent troops to support the Ottomans.






23. Developed the SCIENTIFIC METHOD through the INDUCTIVE method (specific to general) - wrote Novum Organum.






24. Anti-Nazi - Anti-Vichy Regime French fighters who were led by CHARLES de GAULLE.






25. Tutor of Louis XIV who taught about the DIVINE RIGHT of the monarchy - which helped secure Louis' ideal of absolute monarchy. Conservative. Wrote 'Politics Drawn from the Very Words of Scripture.'






26. This was the empress of Russia who continued Peter's goal to Westernizing Russia - created a new law code - and greatly expanded Russia. ENLIGHTENED DESPOT who wrote to Voltaire and Diderot and questioned capital punishment and serfdom.






27. The Soviets invade Afghanistan - many people support Afghanistan through the context of the Cold War and to prevent the spread of Communism.






28. Declared GREECE independent and mandated a monarchy there.






29. Scottish economist who advocated private enterprise and free trade (1723-1790). His LAISSEZ-FAIRE economics maintains that governments should let the economy run on it's own and natural laws will keep it afloat. This is capitalism.






30. Passed in 1833 by the SADLER COMMITTEE - this helped prevent exploitation of children factory workers.






31. Napoleon waged economic war on Britain by preventing trade with it and providing for trade with France.






32. First to develop and write a book on the heliocentric theory - 'On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres.' It was placed on the index of prohibited books






33. (1740-48) Conflict caused by the rival claims for the dominions of the Habsburg family. Before the death of Charles VI - Holy Roman emperor and archduke of Austria - many of the European powers had guaranteed that Charles's daughter Maria Theresa wou






34. New 'SECULAR' name for a month in summer.






35. Forefront - cutting edge - trailblazers of the revolution.






36. Monopolized more than 75% of U.S. oil.






37. ELECTED president of France following general election. Won 70% of the votes because of his name. Bonaparte later changed the government to an empire w/himself as emperor just like his uncle - the original Napoleon. Took the title of EMPEROR NAPOLEON






38. German Lutheran astronomer - discovered that the paths of the planets around the sun are ELLIPTICAL rather that circular.






39. Followers of a belief which stressed self-reliance - self- culture - self-discipline - and that knowledge transcends instead of coming by reason. They promoted the belief of individualism and caused an array of humanitarian reforms.






40. Founded the Salvation Army






41. Euphemism used to justify DICTATORSHIP in the name of freedom.






42. LIBERAL who wrote the popular work 'ON LIBERTY'






43. Civil conflict caused by Irish nationalists in the IRISH REPUBLICAN ARMY against the British Empire - led by EAMON de VALERA.






44. The King of Prussia who chose Otto Van Bismark to be his Prime Minister. He was eventually crowned Kaiser of Prussia and Germany.






45. Legislative body of 5 men after Thermidorian Reaction - UNSTABLE.






46. From it emerged Czechoslovakia - Yugoslavia - Hungary - and Austria.






47. The British government took land from owners - FENCED it off - and used it to raise sheep. Benefitted the economy - but hurt small farmers.






48. Head of the SS - in charge of extermination.






49. GOD IS DEAD. Hated self sacrifice - emphasized a 'will to power.' A minority of the strongest should rule.






50. Formulated SOCIAL DARWINISM.