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CLEP Western Civilization II

Subjects : clep, history
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. AUSTRIA and HUNGARY. Ruled by Francis Joseph of the Hapsburg empire from 1848 to 1916.






2. Extermination of the Jews.






3. The Quadruple Alliance - Russia - Prussia - Austria - and Britain...plus France - to prevent France's resentment towards the victors.






4. First ruled by the Great Elector - Frederick William. Formed after Thirty Year's War. Prussia's nobles - JUNKERS - were given exemption from taxes to give loyalty to the Fredericks. Built an enormous army. Would become Germany.






5. The conflict between Communist North Korea and Non-Communist South Korea. The United Nations (led by the United States) helped South Korea.






6. Peace treaty between Russia and Central Powers. Marked Russia's exit from war. Its harsh terms intensified the Allies' determination for victory.






7. Piedmont - Italy defeated Austro-Hungarian empire and won their INDEPENDENCE.






8. Nazi war criminal who lived in hiding in Argentina for years before her was captured. HANNAH ARENDT argued in her book - 'Eichmann in Jerusalem' that he seemed hardly demonic.






9. Passed in 1848 - this encouraged local towns to pass SANITATION laws.






10. Developed CALCULUS dependently and at the same time as Pascal.






11. Tutor of Louis XIV who taught about the DIVINE RIGHT of the monarchy - which helped secure Louis' ideal of absolute monarchy. Conservative. Wrote 'Politics Drawn from the Very Words of Scripture.'






12. Lenin was forced to institute this policy - which allowed PEASANTS to SELL some of what they produced.






13. An economic advisor to Louis XIV; he supported mercantilism and tried to make France economically self-sufficient. Louis ruined it by his multiple expensive wars and lavish lifestyle.






14. Illiterate Cossack who started a mass REVOLT of serfs and peasants. Eventually captured - tortured - then executed






15. Hitler blamed this event on communists and gave himself an excuse to take COMPLETE POWER of Germany.






16. French general who became EMPEROR of the French (1769-1821) Subtly became sole ruler of a country trying to become democratic. Claimed the title of FIRST CONSUL. Napoleon waged economic and literal war on England constantly. KING OF ITALY too.






17. Developed the SCIENTIFIC METHOD through the INDUCTIVE method (specific to general) - wrote Novum Organum.






18. Followers of a belief which stressed self-reliance - self- culture - self-discipline - and that knowledge transcends instead of coming by reason. They promoted the belief of individualism and caused an array of humanitarian reforms.






19. Alliance between Germany - Italy - Austria-Hungary before WWI






20. Influential to Darwin's theory - he thought that everything - including humans - produce MORE OFFSPRING than can survive due to food shortages.






21. THE ATHENS OF THE NORTH. The Scottish had their own Enlightenment.






22. The CONSERVATIVE side of the National Assembly. They favored having a king and wanted an absolute monarchy like England. They were the first people to control the National Assembly.






23. Wrote 'THE SPIRIT OF THE LAWS' - advocated separation of powers with the three BRANCHES of legislative - judicial - and executive - plus checks and balances.






24. British feminist of the eighteenth century who argued for women's equality with men - even in voting - in her 1792 'Vindication of the Rights of Women.'






25. Overthrew the monarchy established in 1830; briefly established a DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC; failure of the republic led to the reestablishment of the French Empire under NAPOLEON III in 1850.






26. The most important commodity of the SECOND Industrial Revolution. Used for building ships - trains - bridges - and weapons of war.






27. New 'SECULAR' name for a month in summer.






28. A joint stock company that controlled most of India during the period of imperialism. This company controlled the political - social - and economic life in India for more than 200 years.






29. Monopolized more than 75% of U.S. oil.






30. Germany - Italy - and Japan






31. A member of a British political party - founded in 1689 - that was the opposition party to the Whigs and has been known as the Conservative Party since about 1832. Fond of kings and against revolution.






32. Russian leader who succeeded Lenin as head of the Communist Party and created a totalitarian state by purging all opposition. INDUSTRIALIZED RUSSIA using FIVE YEAR PLANS which developed economics and emphasizes steel - iron - electricity - and heavy






33. Prime minister of Sardinia (northern Italy) who vowed to drive out the Austrians and worked towards a united Italy.






34. A form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)






35. Edited and published the first edition of the ENCYCLOPEDIA. It was a ENLIGHTENED PERSON's BIBLE. He also attacked religion and conservatives.






36. A Jewish British prime minister.






37. Founded the Salvation Army






38. The violent backlash in France against the rule of Robspierre that began with his arrest and execution in July 1794 - or 9 Thermidor in the French revolutionary calendar. Most of the instruments of Terror were dismantled - Jacobins were purged from p






39. RUSSIA - PRUSSIA - AUSTRIA - AND BRITAIN banded together to defeat the tyrant Napoleon.






40. In 1884 - this British prime minister passed the REFORM ACT - which gave the vote to 60 percent of British men.






41. The British government took land from owners - FENCED it off - and used it to raise sheep. Benefitted the economy - but hurt small farmers.






42. Republican form of government. United Provinces of the Netherlands; tolerant of all religions. 1st half of 17th century was golden age-govt. consisted of organized confederation of 7 provinces each w/ rep. govt. It established the Bank of Amsterdam a






43. German Lutheran astronomer - discovered that the paths of the planets around the sun are ELLIPTICAL rather that circular.






44. 17t century French philosopher. Famously known for writing 'cogito ergo sum' ('I THINK THEREFORE I AM'). Wrote about concept of dualism.






45. Passed in 1833 by the SADLER COMMITTEE - this helped prevent exploitation of children factory workers.






46. LIBERAL who wrote the popular work 'ON LIBERTY'






47. Wrote THE DECLINE AND FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE. First ever history book to refer to history in strictly SECULAR terms. No God involved.






48. This was the empress of Russia who continued Peter's goal to Westernizing Russia - created a new law code - and greatly expanded Russia. ENLIGHTENED DESPOT who wrote to Voltaire and Diderot and questioned capital punishment and serfdom.






49. Britain and America






50. Civil conflict caused by Irish nationalists in the IRISH REPUBLICAN ARMY against the British Empire - led by EAMON de VALERA.