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CLEP Western Civilization II

Subjects : clep, history
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. OLD ORDER of kings who ruled absolutely.






2. Limited the power of Charles I of England. a) could not declare martial law; b) could not collect taxes; c) could not imprison people without cause; d) soldiers could not be housed without consent. First Parliamentary limit on the power of a king.






3. Idea that the goal of society should be to bring about the greatest happiness for the GREATEST NUMBER of people. Associated with JEREMY BENTHAM.






4. English philosopher who advocated the idea of a 'social contract' in which government powers are derived from the consent of the governed and in which the government serves the people; also said people have natural rights to LIFE - LIBERTY AND PROPER






5. Britain political party devoted to the interests of the LABOR UNION movement.






6. A military draft






7. Led by Danton - a temporary government set up by SANS-CULOTTES that began executing anti-revolutionaries.






8. After Charles X is abdicated - this LIBERAL KING is given the throne of France. He is called the 'King of the French -' which meant that he worked for the people. NATIONAL GUARD killed forty rioters.






9. Anti-Nazi - Anti-Vichy Regime French fighters who were led by CHARLES de GAULLE.






10. Developed the SCIENTIFIC METHOD through the INDUCTIVE method (specific to general) - wrote Novum Organum.






11. French philosopher. Scorned all authority - religion - and corrupt government. Extreme CYNIC. Believed in tolerance - reason - and freedom of thought - expression - and religious belief - but not Christianity. Famous quote - 'CRUSH THE INFAMOUS THING






12. Large Empire ruled by Habsburgs. Created after Thirty Year's War. Unstable due to ethnic - linguistic - cultural and political differences in it's people. Sided with Germany during WWI. It split up following the end of the war.






13. Father of modern CONSERVATISM. noted for his emphasis on tradition. Wrote 'Reflections on the Revolution in France.'






14. French general who became EMPEROR of the French (1769-1821) Subtly became sole ruler of a country trying to become democratic. Claimed the title of FIRST CONSUL. Napoleon waged economic and literal war on England constantly. KING OF ITALY too.






15. In 1898 - a conflict between the United States and Spain - in which the U.S. supported the CUBANS' fight for INDEPENDENCE.






16. Formulated SOCIAL DARWINISM.






17. Radical SUFFRAGETTE who led the WOMEN'S SOCIAL AND POLITICAL UNION - which led large - noisy - and sometimes violent demonstrations.






18. Emperor of the Austrian Empire who controlled the Catholic Church closely - granted religious toleration and civic rights to Protestants and Jews - and abolished serfdom. ENLIGHTENED DESPOT.






19. French mathematician who invented CALCULUS - devised a theory of chance and probability. Wrote the 'Pensees.' Argued that religion and science are both true. PASCAL's WAGER said that It is worth the risk believing in God.






20. The CONSERVATIVE side of the National Assembly. They favored having a king and wanted an absolute monarchy like England. They were the first people to control the National Assembly.






21. A religious war between the Catholics and Protestants - which resulted in the political restructuring of Europe and the development of nation states - the Dutch Republic - the Swiss Confederacy - the Austro-Hungarian Empire; granted religious freedom


22. Soviet counterpart to NATO






23. SOCIALISTIC political party in Germany. SDP






24. English mathematician and scientist who invented differential calculus and formulated the theory of universal GRAVITY - a theory about the nature of light - and three laws of motion. His treatise on gravitation - presented in Principia Mathematica (1






25. CONSERVATIVE KING succeeded his brother Louis XVIII. His desire to restore France to a Pre-1789 world led to the Revolution of 1830 and the ascent of Louis Philippe.






26. Wrote 'THE SPIRIT OF THE LAWS' - advocated separation of powers with the three BRANCHES of legislative - judicial - and executive - plus checks and balances.






27. This treaty ended the Seven Years War. Gave Canada and area east of the Mississippi to Britain.






28. 1598 - Granted the Huguenots liberty of worship. Revoked by Louis XIV in 1658. He chased the HUGUENOTS out of the country.






29. Petition in 19th century Britain where members of the working class demanded reforms in Parliament and in elections - including suffrage for all MEN.






30. Fascist dictator of ITALY (1922-1943). He led Italy to conquer Ethiopia - joined Germany in the Axis pact - and allied Italy with Germany in World War II. He was overthrown in 1943 when the Allies invaded Italy.Called IL DUCE (the leader)






31. Where Napoleon eventually met his defeat. He then was exiled to Elba.






32. Nazi war criminal who lived in hiding in Argentina for years before her was captured. HANNAH ARENDT argued in her book - 'Eichmann in Jerusalem' that he seemed hardly demonic.






33. Influential to Darwin's theory - he thought that everything - including humans - produce MORE OFFSPRING than can survive due to food shortages.






34. Last German offensive on the Western Front in World War II. Its failure hastened German defeat.






35. People - such as EDUARD BERNSTEIN - who believed that COMMUNISM could be achieved slowly and through democratic means.






36. Italian astronomer and mathematician who was the first to use a TELESCOPE to study the stars. Advocated heliocentric theory. Was tried by the INQUISITION and spent his life under house arrest.






37. Conflict between the Russian and Ottoman Empires over Christian shrines and territory fought primarily in the Crimean Peninsula. To prevent Russian expansion - Britain and France sent troops to support the Ottomans.






38. An economic advisor to Louis XIV; he supported mercantilism and tried to make France economically self-sufficient. Louis ruined it by his multiple expensive wars and lavish lifestyle.






39. Aka AUSTRO-PRUSSIAN War (1866) This war resulted from Bismarck wanting to isolate Austria from German affairs


40. The British government took land from owners - FENCED it off - and used it to raise sheep. Benefitted the economy - but hurt small farmers.






41. Declared GREECE independent and mandated a monarchy there.






42. AUSTRIA and HUNGARY. Ruled by Francis Joseph of the Hapsburg empire from 1848 to 1916.






43. A highly influential French philosopher who believed that Human beings are naturally good & free & can rely on their instincts. Government should exist to protect common good - and be a democracy. Wrote 'SOCIAL CONTRACT -' and advocated the general w






44. Followers of a belief which stressed self-reliance - self- culture - self-discipline - and that knowledge transcends instead of coming by reason. They promoted the belief of individualism and caused an array of humanitarian reforms.






45. The French King who built the palace at Versailles - The longest standing King of France 'SUN KING' - - One of the most powerful monarchs of Europe - ruling 72 years. He was famous for his quote -'I AM THE STATE.' Executed by furious revolutionaries.






46. Worldwide struggle between France and Great Britain for power and control of land. Known in America as the French and Indian War.


47. Invented the STEAM ENGINE - which led to steam powered cotton mills - and the railroad.






48. The end of the FRANCO-PRUSSIAN War. Alsace and Lorraine given to Germany.






49. Ship sunk by GERMAN UNRESTRICTED SUBMARINE WARFARE on all ships headed for Britain. This caused Americans to enter the war.






50. Passed in 1832 - this controversial law gave the VOTE to middle class men in industrial cities - and gave them the right to be represented in PARLIAMENT. It abolished 'rotten boroughs -' sparsely populated areas that had representation.