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CLEP Western Civilization II

Subjects : clep, history
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. In 1898 - a conflict between the United States and Spain - in which the U.S. supported the CUBANS' fight for INDEPENDENCE.






2. Soviet counterpart to NATO






3. Last German offensive on the Western Front in World War II. Its failure hastened German defeat.






4. Civil conflict caused by Irish nationalists in the IRISH REPUBLICAN ARMY against the British Empire - led by EAMON de VALERA.






5. First to develop and write a book on the heliocentric theory - 'On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres.' It was placed on the index of prohibited books






6. Limited the power of Charles I of England. a) could not declare martial law; b) could not collect taxes; c) could not imprison people without cause; d) soldiers could not be housed without consent. First Parliamentary limit on the power of a king.






7. 17t century French philosopher. Famously known for writing 'cogito ergo sum' ('I THINK THEREFORE I AM'). Wrote about concept of dualism.






8. French general who became EMPEROR of the French (1769-1821) Subtly became sole ruler of a country trying to become democratic. Claimed the title of FIRST CONSUL. Napoleon waged economic and literal war on England constantly. KING OF ITALY too.






9. An association of British socialists who advocate gradual evolutionary reforms within the law leading to democratic SOCIALISM.






10. Monopolized more than 75% of U.S. oil.






11. Developed the SCIENTIFIC METHOD through the INDUCTIVE method (specific to general) - wrote Novum Organum.






12. Robert Jenkins - an English Captain - had his ear cut off by Spanish authorities when trying to smuggle goods into Spain. He preserved his ear in a jar of brandy and seven years later in 1738 - he appeared before the British Parliament and showed the

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13. The French King who built the palace at Versailles - The longest standing King of France 'SUN KING' - - One of the most powerful monarchs of Europe - ruling 72 years. He was famous for his quote -'I AM THE STATE.' Executed by furious revolutionaries.






14. Agreement between Napoleon and Czar Alexander I in which Russia became an ally of France and Napoleon took over the lands of Prussia west of the Elbe as well as the Polish provinces.






15. Soviet Union and its allies had the right to intervene in any socialist country whenever they saw the need to PROTECT COMMUNISM.






16. Hitler blamed this event on communists and gave himself an excuse to take COMPLETE POWER of Germany.






17. Founded the Salvation Army






18. Germany - Austria-Hungary - Bulgaria - and Ottoman Empire ALLIED during WWI






19. Piedmont - Italy defeated Austro-Hungarian empire and won their INDEPENDENCE.






20. Britain political party devoted to the interests of the LABOR UNION movement.






21. Wrote 'THE SPIRIT OF THE LAWS' - advocated separation of powers with the three BRANCHES of legislative - judicial - and executive - plus checks and balances.






22. Republican form of government. United Provinces of the Netherlands; tolerant of all religions. 1st half of 17th century was golden age-govt. consisted of organized confederation of 7 provinces each w/ rep. govt. It established the Bank of Amsterdam a






23. The Quadruple Alliance - Russia - Prussia - Austria - and Britain...plus France - to prevent France's resentment towards the victors.






24. The Soviets invade Afghanistan - many people support Afghanistan through the context of the Cold War and to prevent the spread of Communism.






25. The CONSERVATIVE side of the National Assembly. They favored having a king and wanted an absolute monarchy like England. They were the first people to control the National Assembly.






26. Treaty of non-aggression between Russian and Germany during WW2 to keep it a one front war for Germany. Also called the NAZI-SOVIET PACT.






27. Weakness of instability of OTTOMAN rule in the Mediterranean region.






28. Three nations - Austria - Russia - and Prussia - who were nervous about liberal revolts - established the PROTOCOL OF TROPPAU that states they can intervene in the affairs of other countries unable to remain CONSERVATIVE.






29. JACOBIN French revolutionary leader who stormed the Paris bastille and who supported the execution of Louis XVI but was guillotined by Robespierre for his opposition to the Reign of Terror (1759-1794).






30. First ruled by the Great Elector - Frederick William. Formed after Thirty Year's War. Prussia's nobles - JUNKERS - were given exemption from taxes to give loyalty to the Fredericks. Built an enormous army. Would become Germany.






31. Greater freedom for Ireland.






32. Edited and published the first edition of the ENCYCLOPEDIA. It was a ENLIGHTENED PERSON's BIBLE. He also attacked religion and conservatives.






33. A highly influential French philosopher who believed that Human beings are naturally good & free & can rely on their instincts. Government should exist to protect common good - and be a democracy. Wrote 'SOCIAL CONTRACT -' and advocated the general w






34. Father of modern CONSERVATISM. noted for his emphasis on tradition. Wrote 'Reflections on the Revolution in France.'






35. Perfected the INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE - for cars.






36. (1740-48) Conflict caused by the rival claims for the dominions of the Habsburg family. Before the death of Charles VI - Holy Roman emperor and archduke of Austria - many of the European powers had guaranteed that Charles's daughter Maria Theresa wou






37. Organizations devoted to revolution. Created by radical COMMUNISTS and SOCIALISTS - including Marx.






38. New 'SECULAR' name for a month in summer.






39. LIBERAL who wrote the popular work 'ON LIBERTY'






40. The King of Prussia who chose Otto Van Bismark to be his Prime Minister. He was eventually crowned Kaiser of Prussia and Germany.






41. Forefront - cutting edge - trailblazers of the revolution.






42. Italian nationalist whose writings spurred the movement for a unified and independent Italy (1805-1872) YOUNG ITALY - and RISORGIMENTO movements.






43. Warship that was sent to the MOROCCAN coast by the GERMANS - to publicly declare they favored Moroccans being free from their colonizers - France. It was a threat to Britain and France.






44. Russian leader who succeeded Lenin as head of the Communist Party and created a totalitarian state by purging all opposition. INDUSTRIALIZED RUSSIA using FIVE YEAR PLANS which developed economics and emphasizes steel - iron - electricity - and heavy






45. Alliance between Germany - Italy - Austria-Hungary before WWI






46. Mussolini's rise to power. Thousands of followers marched on Rome. King Victor Emmanuel III made Mussolini prime minister. Then Fascists made all other political parties illegal.






47. Also called the COMINTERN. This institute provided rules for Socialists throughtout Europe to follow. Among it's TWENTYONE CONDITIONS was the rejection of all political forms that called for the institution of communism through gradual means.






48. Meeting among world powers concerning how the world would run after Napoleon. They wanted no country to control another - creating buffer states - Belgium - from France's conquered territory. PEACEKEEPERS.






49. Austrian archduke who was assasinated by SERBIAN NATIONALISTS as the trigger of the FIRST WORLD WAR in 1914.






50. German Lutheran astronomer - discovered that the paths of the planets around the sun are ELLIPTICAL rather that circular.







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