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CLEP Western Civilization II

Subjects : clep, history
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A highly influential French philosopher who believed that Human beings are naturally good & free & can rely on their instincts. Government should exist to protect common good - and be a democracy. Wrote 'SOCIAL CONTRACT -' and advocated the general w






2. Invented the STEAM ENGINE - which led to steam powered cotton mills - and the railroad.






3. English philosopher who advocated the idea of a 'social contract' in which government powers are derived from the consent of the governed and in which the government serves the people; also said people have natural rights to LIFE - LIBERTY AND PROPER






4. Lenin was forced to institute this policy - which allowed PEASANTS to SELL some of what they produced.






5. From it emerged Turkey - Syria - Iran - and Iraq.






6. Mutiny of Russia's fleet took place here.






7. A war between France and Prussia that ended the Second Empire in France and led to the founding of modern Germany; 1870-1871Declared by OTTO VON BISMARK. Humiliating for the French.






8. Discovered in 1895 and led to questions about the nature of matter.






9. French general who became EMPEROR of the French (1769-1821) Subtly became sole ruler of a country trying to become democratic. Claimed the title of FIRST CONSUL. Napoleon waged economic and literal war on England constantly. KING OF ITALY too.






10. Russia - France - and Britain during WWI.






11. Germany - Austria-Hungary - Bulgaria - and Ottoman Empire ALLIED during WWI






12. Promoted a GOSPEL of WEALTH - creating a heaven on earth by helping the poor to help themselves.






13. Peace treaty between Russia and Central Powers. Marked Russia's exit from war. Its harsh terms intensified the Allies' determination for victory.






14. First to develop and write a book on the heliocentric theory - 'On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres.' It was placed on the index of prohibited books






15. Soviet counterpart to NATO






16. The leaders under Robespierre who organized the defenses of France - conducted foreign policy - and centralized authority during the period 1792-1795. REIGN OF TERROR.






17. Made by Mussolini with the CATHOLIC CHURCH. Declared catholicism Italy's official religion - made church lands tax exempt - and gave church ability to oversee rules regarding marriage. The church then RECOGNIZED MUSSOLINI's status as ruler of Italy.






18. Divided AFRICA among the Europeans and contributed greatly to the SCRAMBLE FOR AFRICA.






19. Alliance between Germany - Italy - Austria-Hungary before WWI






20. AUSTRIA and HUNGARY. Ruled by Francis Joseph of the Hapsburg empire from 1848 to 1916.






21. A Jewish British prime minister.






22. Warship that was sent to the MOROCCAN coast by the GERMANS - to publicly declare they favored Moroccans being free from their colonizers - France. It was a threat to Britain and France.






23. In 1884 - this British prime minister passed the REFORM ACT - which gave the vote to 60 percent of British men.






24. French mathematician who invented CALCULUS - devised a theory of chance and probability. Wrote the 'Pensees.' Argued that religion and science are both true. PASCAL's WAGER said that It is worth the risk believing in God.






25. Disastrous battle during which the British suffered 60 -000 casualties and had nothing to show for it.






26. Illiterate Cossack who started a mass REVOLT of serfs and peasants. Eventually captured - tortured - then executed






27. Soviet Union and its allies had the right to intervene in any socialist country whenever they saw the need to PROTECT COMMUNISM.






28. Wrote the pamphlet 'What is the THIRD ESTATE' concerning the plight of France's lower class.






29. Where Napoleon eventually met his defeat. He then was exiled to Elba.






30. Edited and published the first edition of the ENCYCLOPEDIA. It was a ENLIGHTENED PERSON's BIBLE. He also attacked religion and conservatives.






31. The CONSERVATIVE side of the National Assembly. They favored having a king and wanted an absolute monarchy like England. They were the first people to control the National Assembly.






32. Meeting among world powers concerning how the world would run after Napoleon. They wanted no country to control another - creating buffer states - Belgium - from France's conquered territory. PEACEKEEPERS.






33. Stalin's successor - wanted peaceful coexistence with the U.S. Eisenhower agreed to a summit conference with Khrushchev - France and Great Britain in Geneva - Switzerland in July - 1955 to discuss how peaceful coexistence could be achieved.






34. Prussian king of the 18th century; attempted to introduce Enlightenment reforms into Germany; built on military and BUREAUCRATIC foundations of his predecessors; introduced freedom of religion; increased state control of economy. ENLIGHTENED DESPOT.






35. Also called the COMINTERN. This institute provided rules for Socialists throughtout Europe to follow. Among it's TWENTYONE CONDITIONS was the rejection of all political forms that called for the institution of communism through gradual means.






36. ELECTED president of France following general election. Won 70% of the votes because of his name. Bonaparte later changed the government to an empire w/himself as emperor just like his uncle - the original Napoleon. Took the title of EMPEROR NAPOLEON






37. Mussolini's rise to power. Thousands of followers marched on Rome. King Victor Emmanuel III made Mussolini prime minister. Then Fascists made all other political parties illegal.






38. The French King who built the palace at Versailles - The longest standing King of France 'SUN KING' - - One of the most powerful monarchs of Europe - ruling 72 years. He was famous for his quote -'I AM THE STATE.' Executed by furious revolutionaries.






39. First ruled by the Great Elector - Frederick William. Formed after Thirty Year's War. Prussia's nobles - JUNKERS - were given exemption from taxes to give loyalty to the Fredericks. Built an enormous army. Would become Germany.






40. An association of British socialists who advocate gradual evolutionary reforms within the law leading to democratic SOCIALISM.






41. (1807-1882) Soldier of fortune who amassed his 'RED SHIRT' army to bring Naples and Sicily into a unified Italy.






42. Anti-Nazi - Anti-Vichy Regime French fighters who were led by CHARLES de GAULLE.






43. Limited the power of Charles I of England. a) could not declare martial law; b) could not collect taxes; c) could not imprison people without cause; d) soldiers could not be housed without consent. First Parliamentary limit on the power of a king.






44. Perfected the INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE - for cars.






45. Idea created by JOHANN GOTTFRIED HERGER about a 'PEOPLE'S SPIRIT' to identify the national character of Germany - but soon passed to other countries. NATIONALISM.






46. Civil war in England between the Parliamentarians and the Royalists under Charles I. Forces of Parliament called 'ROUNDHEADS'. Forces of the King called 'CAVALIERS'. Roundheads won - Puritans (Cromwell's religion) purged Presbyterians from Parliament






47. The Soviets invade Afghanistan - many people support Afghanistan through the context of the Cold War and to prevent the spread of Communism.






48. Founded the Salvation Army






49. 17t century French philosopher. Famously known for writing 'cogito ergo sum' ('I THINK THEREFORE I AM'). Wrote about concept of dualism.






50. The British government took land from owners - FENCED it off - and used it to raise sheep. Benefitted the economy - but hurt small farmers.