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CLEP Western Civilization II

Subjects : clep, history
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. March 1917. Sent from German Foreign Secretary - addressed to German minister in Mexico City. Mexico should attack the US if US goes to war with Germany (needed that advantage due to Mexico's promixity to the US). In return - Germany would give back






2. First to develop and write a book on the heliocentric theory - 'On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres.' It was placed on the index of prohibited books






3. Father of modern CONSERVATISM. noted for his emphasis on tradition. Wrote 'Reflections on the Revolution in France.'






4. Britain political party devoted to the interests of the LABOR UNION movement.






5. French mathematician who invented CALCULUS - devised a theory of chance and probability. Wrote the 'Pensees.' Argued that religion and science are both true. PASCAL's WAGER said that It is worth the risk believing in God.






6. Wrote the pamphlet 'What is the THIRD ESTATE' concerning the plight of France's lower class.






7. Lenin was forced to institute this policy - which allowed PEASANTS to SELL some of what they produced.






8. OLD ORDER of kings who ruled absolutely.






9. French general who became EMPEROR of the French (1769-1821) Subtly became sole ruler of a country trying to become democratic. Claimed the title of FIRST CONSUL. Napoleon waged economic and literal war on England constantly. KING OF ITALY too.






10. Russian leader who succeeded Lenin as head of the Communist Party and created a totalitarian state by purging all opposition. INDUSTRIALIZED RUSSIA using FIVE YEAR PLANS which developed economics and emphasizes steel - iron - electricity - and heavy






11. Passed in 1848 - this encouraged local towns to pass SANITATION laws.






12. Scottish economist who advocated private enterprise and free trade (1723-1790). His LAISSEZ-FAIRE economics maintains that governments should let the economy run on it's own and natural laws will keep it afloat. This is capitalism.






13. Led by Danton - a temporary government set up by SANS-CULOTTES that began executing anti-revolutionaries.






14. Organizations devoted to revolution. Created by radical COMMUNISTS and SOCIALISTS - including Marx.






15. The French King who built the palace at Versailles - The longest standing King of France 'SUN KING' - - One of the most powerful monarchs of Europe - ruling 72 years. He was famous for his quote -'I AM THE STATE.' Executed by furious revolutionaries.






16. The leaders under Robespierre who organized the defenses of France - conducted foreign policy - and centralized authority during the period 1792-1795. REIGN OF TERROR.






17. Meeting among world powers concerning how the world would run after Napoleon. They wanted no country to control another - creating buffer states - Belgium - from France's conquered territory. PEACEKEEPERS.






18. From it emerged Czechoslovakia - Yugoslavia - Hungary - and Austria.






19. ELECTED president of France following general election. Won 70% of the votes because of his name. Bonaparte later changed the government to an empire w/himself as emperor just like his uncle - the original Napoleon. Took the title of EMPEROR NAPOLEON






20. Nazi war criminal who lived in hiding in Argentina for years before her was captured. HANNAH ARENDT argued in her book - 'Eichmann in Jerusalem' that he seemed hardly demonic.






21. From it emerged Turkey - Syria - Iran - and Iraq.






22. Extermination of the Jews.






23. Overthrew the provisional government in Russia in 1917 - made null the democratic reforms - and established a dictatorship.






24. Result of end of Austria-Prussian War - Austria doesn't get involved in German affairs - North German Confederation made under rulership of Prussia. Major step towards German unification.






25. Napoleon waged economic war on Britain by preventing trade with it and providing for trade with France.






26. Also called the COMINTERN. This institute provided rules for Socialists throughtout Europe to follow. Among it's TWENTYONE CONDITIONS was the rejection of all political forms that called for the institution of communism through gradual means.






27. Limited the power of Charles I of England. a) could not declare martial law; b) could not collect taxes; c) could not imprison people without cause; d) soldiers could not be housed without consent. First Parliamentary limit on the power of a king.






28. Passed in 1833 by the SADLER COMMITTEE - this helped prevent exploitation of children factory workers.






29. Mutiny of Russia's fleet took place here.






30. Very RADICAL French revolutionary party responsible for Reign of Terror and execution of king






31. Prime minister of Sardinia (northern Italy) who vowed to drive out the Austrians and worked towards a united Italy.






32. Large Empire ruled by Habsburgs. Created after Thirty Year's War. Unstable due to ethnic - linguistic - cultural and political differences in it's people. Sided with Germany during WWI. It split up following the end of the war.






33. ETHIOPIA beat off Italy's invasion of their country in this battle. Italy was the only European nation to have been defeated by Africans in war.






34. Wrote 'THE SPIRIT OF THE LAWS' - advocated separation of powers with the three BRANCHES of legislative - judicial - and executive - plus checks and balances.






35. Local communist councils established throughout Russia.






36. English mathematician and scientist who invented differential calculus and formulated the theory of universal GRAVITY - a theory about the nature of light - and three laws of motion. His treatise on gravitation - presented in Principia Mathematica (1






37. Declared GREECE independent and mandated a monarchy there.






38. Discovered in 1895 and led to questions about the nature of matter.






39. Italian nationalist whose writings spurred the movement for a unified and independent Italy (1805-1872) YOUNG ITALY - and RISORGIMENTO movements.






40. Louis XVI called nobles and clergy to ask for money and the wealthy refused. The nobles refused to pay taxes. This group was made up of people selected by the king and was made up primarily of nobles.






41. 17t century French philosopher. Famously known for writing 'cogito ergo sum' ('I THINK THEREFORE I AM'). Wrote about concept of dualism.






42. The machine German's encrypted their battle plan codes on - which British broke and could foresee German battle plans.






43. Conflict between the Russian and Ottoman Empires over Christian shrines and territory fought primarily in the Crimean Peninsula. To prevent Russian expansion - Britain and France sent troops to support the Ottomans.






44. A form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)






45. Germany supported this country in keeping control of it's Slavic nationalistics - which put GERMANY at odds with RUSSIA - because they wanted Slavs free.






46. Important Russian radical who was a member of secret - exiled - SOCIAL REVOLUTIONARY AND CONSTITUTIONAL DEMOCRATIC PARTIES in Russia - which was ruled by a tsar.






47. First ruled by the Great Elector - Frederick William. Formed after Thirty Year's War. Prussia's nobles - JUNKERS - were given exemption from taxes to give loyalty to the Fredericks. Built an enormous army. Would become Germany.






48. Finance minister who INDUSTRIALIZED Russia.






49. English philosopher who advocated the idea of a 'social contract' in which government powers are derived from the consent of the governed and in which the government serves the people; also said people have natural rights to LIFE - LIBERTY AND PROPER






50. Founded the Salvation Army