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CLEP Western Civilization II

Subjects : clep, history
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Italian astronomer and mathematician who was the first to use a TELESCOPE to study the stars. Advocated heliocentric theory. Was tried by the INQUISITION and spent his life under house arrest.






2. Russian leader who succeeded Lenin as head of the Communist Party and created a totalitarian state by purging all opposition. INDUSTRIALIZED RUSSIA using FIVE YEAR PLANS which developed economics and emphasizes steel - iron - electricity - and heavy






3. In 1936 a rebellion erupted in Spain after a coalition of Republicans - Socialists - and Communists was elected. General Francisco Franco led the rebellion. The revolt quickly became a civil war. The Soviet Union provided arms and advisers to the gov






4. Ancient scientist who said earth was the center of the universe






5. Also called the COMINTERN. This institute provided rules for Socialists throughtout Europe to follow. Among it's TWENTYONE CONDITIONS was the rejection of all political forms that called for the institution of communism through gradual means.






6. An association of British socialists who advocate gradual evolutionary reforms within the law leading to democratic SOCIALISM.






7. The conflict between Communist North Korea and Non-Communist South Korea. The United Nations (led by the United States) helped South Korea.






8. JACOBIN French revolutionary leader who stormed the Paris bastille and who supported the execution of Louis XVI but was guillotined by Robespierre for his opposition to the Reign of Terror (1759-1794).






9. Prussian king of the 18th century; attempted to introduce Enlightenment reforms into Germany; built on military and BUREAUCRATIC foundations of his predecessors; introduced freedom of religion; increased state control of economy. ENLIGHTENED DESPOT.






10. A joint stock company that controlled most of India during the period of imperialism. This company controlled the political - social - and economic life in India for more than 200 years.






11. Father of modern CONSERVATISM. noted for his emphasis on tradition. Wrote 'Reflections on the Revolution in France.'






12. Lenin was forced to institute this policy - which allowed PEASANTS to SELL some of what they produced.






13. Declared GREECE independent and mandated a monarchy there.






14. ETHIOPIA beat off Italy's invasion of their country in this battle. Italy was the only European nation to have been defeated by Africans in war.






15. Scottish economist who advocated private enterprise and free trade (1723-1790). His LAISSEZ-FAIRE economics maintains that governments should let the economy run on it's own and natural laws will keep it afloat. This is capitalism.






16. Developed the SCIENTIFIC METHOD through the INDUCTIVE method (specific to general) - wrote Novum Organum.






17. Promoted a GOSPEL of WEALTH - creating a heaven on earth by helping the poor to help themselves.






18. Mussolini's rise to power. Thousands of followers marched on Rome. King Victor Emmanuel III made Mussolini prime minister. Then Fascists made all other political parties illegal.






19. Farmers who resisted COLLECTIVIZATION and were labeled enemies of Stalin. All were executed.






20. AUSTRIA and HUNGARY. Ruled by Francis Joseph of the Hapsburg empire from 1848 to 1916.






21. Monopolized more than 75% of U.S. oil.






22. A highly influential French philosopher who believed that Human beings are naturally good & free & can rely on their instincts. Government should exist to protect common good - and be a democracy. Wrote 'SOCIAL CONTRACT -' and advocated the general w






23. Invented the STEAM ENGINE - which led to steam powered cotton mills - and the railroad.






24. LIBERALS and Monarchists. All those opposed to the Russian Revolution.






25. Meeting among world powers concerning how the world would run after Napoleon. They wanted no country to control another - creating buffer states - Belgium - from France's conquered territory. PEACEKEEPERS.






26. LIBERAL who wrote the popular work 'ON LIBERTY'






27. THE ATHENS OF THE NORTH. The Scottish had their own Enlightenment.






28. New 'SECULAR' name for a month in summer.






29. Stalin's successor - wanted peaceful coexistence with the U.S. Eisenhower agreed to a summit conference with Khrushchev - France and Great Britain in Geneva - Switzerland in July - 1955 to discuss how peaceful coexistence could be achieved.






30. Discovered in 1895 and led to questions about the nature of matter.






31. (1740-48) Conflict caused by the rival claims for the dominions of the Habsburg family. Before the death of Charles VI - Holy Roman emperor and archduke of Austria - many of the European powers had guaranteed that Charles's daughter Maria Theresa wou






32. Developed CALCULUS dependently and at the same time as Pascal.






33. The leaders under Robespierre who organized the defenses of France - conducted foreign policy - and centralized authority during the period 1792-1795. REIGN OF TERROR.






34. From it emerged Turkey - Syria - Iran - and Iraq.






35. Passed in 1833 by the SADLER COMMITTEE - this helped prevent exploitation of children factory workers.






36. Forefront - cutting edge - trailblazers of the revolution.






37. A religious war between the Catholics and Protestants - which resulted in the political restructuring of Europe and the development of nation states - the Dutch Republic - the Swiss Confederacy - the Austro-Hungarian Empire; granted religious freedom

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38. Germany - Italy - and Japan






39. British political party. Liberals. Against the king.






40. First ruled by the Great Elector - Frederick William. Formed after Thirty Year's War. Prussia's nobles - JUNKERS - were given exemption from taxes to give loyalty to the Fredericks. Built an enormous army. Would become Germany.






41. People - such as EDUARD BERNSTEIN - who believed that COMMUNISM could be achieved slowly and through democratic means.






42. 17t century French philosopher. Famously known for writing 'cogito ergo sum' ('I THINK THEREFORE I AM'). Wrote about concept of dualism.






43. Result of end of Austria-Prussian War - Austria doesn't get involved in German affairs - North German Confederation made under rulership of Prussia. Major step towards German unification.






44. Influential to Darwin's theory - he thought that everything - including humans - produce MORE OFFSPRING than can survive due to food shortages.






45. Disastrous battle during which the British suffered 60 -000 casualties and had nothing to show for it.






46. The violent backlash in France against the rule of Robspierre that began with his arrest and execution in July 1794 - or 9 Thermidor in the French revolutionary calendar. Most of the instruments of Terror were dismantled - Jacobins were purged from p






47. Napoleon waged economic war on Britain by preventing trade with it and providing for trade with France.






48. Invented CROP ROTATION.

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49. Important ZIONIST.






50. Italian POLITICAL party created by Benito Mussolini during World War I. It emphasized aggressive nationalism and was Mussolini's instrument for the creation of a dictatorship in Italy. Didn't believe in democracy.







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