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CLEP Western Civilization II

Subjects : clep, history
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. AUSTRIA and HUNGARY. Ruled by Francis Joseph of the Hapsburg empire from 1848 to 1916.






2. Napoleon waged economic war on Britain by preventing trade with it and providing for trade with France.






3. An economic advisor to Louis XIV; he supported mercantilism and tried to make France economically self-sufficient. Louis ruined it by his multiple expensive wars and lavish lifestyle.






4. Alliance between Germany - Italy - Austria-Hungary before WWI






5. Limited the power of Charles I of England. a) could not declare martial law; b) could not collect taxes; c) could not imprison people without cause; d) soldiers could not be housed without consent. First Parliamentary limit on the power of a king.






6. Soviet Union and its allies had the right to intervene in any socialist country whenever they saw the need to PROTECT COMMUNISM.






7. Italian nationalist whose writings spurred the movement for a unified and independent Italy (1805-1872) YOUNG ITALY - and RISORGIMENTO movements.






8. In 1884 - this British prime minister passed the REFORM ACT - which gave the vote to 60 percent of British men.






9. Organizations devoted to revolution. Created by radical COMMUNISTS and SOCIALISTS - including Marx.






10. Father of modern CONSERVATISM. noted for his emphasis on tradition. Wrote 'Reflections on the Revolution in France.'






11. Also called the COMINTERN. This institute provided rules for Socialists throughtout Europe to follow. Among it's TWENTYONE CONDITIONS was the rejection of all political forms that called for the institution of communism through gradual means.






12. A Flemish surgeon who is considered the father of modern anatomy. He dissected human cadavers. (1514-1564)






13. Tutor of Louis XIV who taught about the DIVINE RIGHT of the monarchy - which helped secure Louis' ideal of absolute monarchy. Conservative. Wrote 'Politics Drawn from the Very Words of Scripture.'






14. Large Empire ruled by Habsburgs. Created after Thirty Year's War. Unstable due to ethnic - linguistic - cultural and political differences in it's people. Sided with Germany during WWI. It split up following the end of the war.






15. CONSERVATIVE KING succeeded his brother Louis XVIII. His desire to restore France to a Pre-1789 world led to the Revolution of 1830 and the ascent of Louis Philippe.






16. The English Parliament drove out an Catholic absolute monarch and replaced him with two constitutional monarch's WILLIAM III OF ORANGE and MARY - his wife - both Protestants. This Revolution was bloodless - and the new monarch's assented to a BILL OF






17. The GREEKS revolted against the OTTOMANS for their independence.The Concert of Europe generally opposed to this.






18. The British government took land from owners - FENCED it off - and used it to raise sheep. Benefitted the economy - but hurt small farmers.






19. A United States program of economic aid for the reconstruction of Europe (1948-1952). Implemented by the ORGANIZATION FOR EUROPEAN ECONOMIC COOPERATION






20. One of the prominent JACOBIN radical leaders during the revolution. He edited a radical newspaper. He called to rid France of the enemies of the Revolution






21. Aka AUSTRO-PRUSSIAN War (1866) This war resulted from Bismarck wanting to isolate Austria from German affairs

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22. Peace treaty between Russia and Central Powers. Marked Russia's exit from war. Its harsh terms intensified the Allies' determination for victory.






23. A war between France and Prussia that ended the Second Empire in France and led to the founding of modern Germany; 1870-1871Declared by OTTO VON BISMARK. Humiliating for the French.






24. The machine German's encrypted their battle plan codes on - which British broke and could foresee German battle plans.






25. In 1898 - a conflict between the United States and Spain - in which the U.S. supported the CUBANS' fight for INDEPENDENCE.






26. Declared GREECE independent and mandated a monarchy there.






27. A Jewish British prime minister.






28. A highly influential French philosopher who believed that Human beings are naturally good & free & can rely on their instincts. Government should exist to protect common good - and be a democracy. Wrote 'SOCIAL CONTRACT -' and advocated the general w






29. Advanced the treatment and diagnosis of disease. Thought that diseases were caused by chemical imbalances.






30. Developed CALCULUS dependently and at the same time as Pascal.






31. Agreement between Napoleon and Czar Alexander I in which Russia became an ally of France and Napoleon took over the lands of Prussia west of the Elbe as well as the Polish provinces.






32. An alliance between Great Britain - France and Russia in the years before WWI.






33. Led by Danton - a temporary government set up by SANS-CULOTTES that began executing anti-revolutionaries.






34. Italian astronomer and mathematician who was the first to use a TELESCOPE to study the stars. Advocated heliocentric theory. Was tried by the INQUISITION and spent his life under house arrest.






35. Conflict between the Russian and Ottoman Empires over Christian shrines and territory fought primarily in the Crimean Peninsula. To prevent Russian expansion - Britain and France sent troops to support the Ottomans.






36. Idea that the goal of society should be to bring about the greatest happiness for the GREATEST NUMBER of people. Associated with JEREMY BENTHAM.






37. French mathematician who invented CALCULUS - devised a theory of chance and probability. Wrote the 'Pensees.' Argued that religion and science are both true. PASCAL's WAGER said that It is worth the risk believing in God.






38. Tsar who - in the late 17th and early 18th century - turned to the western model to 'modernize' Russia.






39. Fascist dictator of ITALY (1922-1943). He led Italy to conquer Ethiopia - joined Germany in the Axis pact - and allied Italy with Germany in World War II. He was overthrown in 1943 when the Allies invaded Italy.Called IL DUCE (the leader)






40. Disastrous battle during which the British suffered 60 -000 casualties and had nothing to show for it.






41. Wrote 'THE SPIRIT OF THE LAWS' - advocated separation of powers with the three BRANCHES of legislative - judicial - and executive - plus checks and balances.






42. Russian leader who succeeded Lenin as head of the Communist Party and created a totalitarian state by purging all opposition. INDUSTRIALIZED RUSSIA using FIVE YEAR PLANS which developed economics and emphasizes steel - iron - electricity - and heavy






43. Founded the famous British RHODES SCHOLARS program for study in Oxford - England. He wanted students from colonies to study in England - then return and help the empire. RHODESIA (Zimbabwe) named after him.






44. Three nations - Austria - Russia - and Prussia - who were nervous about liberal revolts - established the PROTOCOL OF TROPPAU that states they can intervene in the affairs of other countries unable to remain CONSERVATIVE.






45. Overthrew the monarchy established in 1830; briefly established a DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC; failure of the republic led to the reestablishment of the French Empire under NAPOLEON III in 1850.






46. After Charles X is abdicated - this LIBERAL KING is given the throne of France. He is called the 'King of the French -' which meant that he worked for the people. NATIONAL GUARD killed forty rioters.






47. 17t century French philosopher. Famously known for writing 'cogito ergo sum' ('I THINK THEREFORE I AM'). Wrote about concept of dualism.






48. English mathematician and scientist who invented differential calculus and formulated the theory of universal GRAVITY - a theory about the nature of light - and three laws of motion. His treatise on gravitation - presented in Principia Mathematica (1






49. Isolated the TUBERCULOSIS bacillus.






50. Edited and published the first edition of the ENCYCLOPEDIA. It was a ENLIGHTENED PERSON's BIBLE. He also attacked religion and conservatives.