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CLEP Western Civilization II

Subjects : clep, history
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Overthrew the monarchy established in 1830; briefly established a DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC; failure of the republic led to the reestablishment of the French Empire under NAPOLEON III in 1850.






2. Worldwide struggle between France and Great Britain for power and control of land. Known in America as the French and Indian War.

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3. Soviet counterpart to NATO






4. Italian POLITICAL party created by Benito Mussolini during World War I. It emphasized aggressive nationalism and was Mussolini's instrument for the creation of a dictatorship in Italy. Didn't believe in democracy.






5. BOLSHEVIKS. Revolutionaries and communists.






6. French philosopher. Scorned all authority - religion - and corrupt government. Extreme CYNIC. Believed in tolerance - reason - and freedom of thought - expression - and religious belief - but not Christianity. Famous quote - 'CRUSH THE INFAMOUS THING






7. Where Napoleon eventually met his defeat. He then was exiled to Elba.






8. Finance minister who INDUSTRIALIZED Russia.






9. Emperor of the Austrian Empire who controlled the Catholic Church closely - granted religious toleration and civic rights to Protestants and Jews - and abolished serfdom. ENLIGHTENED DESPOT.






10. Important ZIONIST.






11. Russian leader who succeeded Lenin as head of the Communist Party and created a totalitarian state by purging all opposition. INDUSTRIALIZED RUSSIA using FIVE YEAR PLANS which developed economics and emphasizes steel - iron - electricity - and heavy






12. (1740-48) Conflict caused by the rival claims for the dominions of the Habsburg family. Before the death of Charles VI - Holy Roman emperor and archduke of Austria - many of the European powers had guaranteed that Charles's daughter Maria Theresa wou






13. The most important commodity of the SECOND Industrial Revolution. Used for building ships - trains - bridges - and weapons of war.






14. Extermination of the Jews.






15. Perfected the INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE - for cars.






16. A highly influential French philosopher who believed that Human beings are naturally good & free & can rely on their instincts. Government should exist to protect common good - and be a democracy. Wrote 'SOCIAL CONTRACT -' and advocated the general w






17. AUSTRIA and HUNGARY. Ruled by Francis Joseph of the Hapsburg empire from 1848 to 1916.






18. LIBERAL who wrote the popular work 'ON LIBERTY'






19. Hitler blamed this event on communists and gave himself an excuse to take COMPLETE POWER of Germany.






20. The machine German's encrypted their battle plan codes on - which British broke and could foresee German battle plans.






21. Last German offensive on the Western Front in World War II. Its failure hastened German defeat.






22. Conservative king who was revolted against in SPAIN. He ignored Spain's constitution and disbanded the parliament.






23. THE ATHENS OF THE NORTH. The Scottish had their own Enlightenment.






24. Discovered radium.






25. Republican form of government. United Provinces of the Netherlands; tolerant of all religions. 1st half of 17th century was golden age-govt. consisted of organized confederation of 7 provinces each w/ rep. govt. It established the Bank of Amsterdam a






26. Result of end of Austria-Prussian War - Austria doesn't get involved in German affairs - North German Confederation made under rulership of Prussia. Major step towards German unification.






27. Lasting from 1899 to 1902 - DUTCH colonists and the BRITISH competed for control of territory in South Africa.






28. French liberals who wanted the absolute monarchy; supported Charles X - wanted the ANCIEN REGIME






29. The leaders under Robespierre who organized the defenses of France - conducted foreign policy - and centralized authority during the period 1792-1795. REIGN OF TERROR.






30. Euphemism used to justify DICTATORSHIP in the name of freedom.






31. Father of modern CONSERVATISM. noted for his emphasis on tradition. Wrote 'Reflections on the Revolution in France.'






32. Government set up in Sourthern France by the Nazis.






33. Italian astronomer and mathematician who was the first to use a TELESCOPE to study the stars. Advocated heliocentric theory. Was tried by the INQUISITION and spent his life under house arrest.






34. Aka AUSTRO-PRUSSIAN War (1866) This war resulted from Bismarck wanting to isolate Austria from German affairs

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35. US president who gave a deadline to the Soviet Union to stop building missiles on Cuba.






36. Passed in 1848 - this encouraged local towns to pass SANITATION laws.






37. Conflict between the Russian and Ottoman Empires over Christian shrines and territory fought primarily in the Crimean Peninsula. To prevent Russian expansion - Britain and France sent troops to support the Ottomans.






38. Civil conflict caused by Irish nationalists in the IRISH REPUBLICAN ARMY against the British Empire - led by EAMON de VALERA.






39. Puritan Leader of the Roundheads (parliamentarians) in the English Civil War. He was declared 'protector' of England - Ireland - and Scotland (like a king). After his death - the monarchy was restored.






40. Invented the STEAM ENGINE - which led to steam powered cotton mills - and the railroad.






41. English mathematician and scientist who invented differential calculus and formulated the theory of universal GRAVITY - a theory about the nature of light - and three laws of motion. His treatise on gravitation - presented in Principia Mathematica (1






42. Edited and published the first edition of the ENCYCLOPEDIA. It was a ENLIGHTENED PERSON's BIBLE. He also attacked religion and conservatives.






43. Illiterate Cossack who started a mass REVOLT of serfs and peasants. Eventually captured - tortured - then executed






44. Russia - France - and Britain during WWI.






45. A United States program of economic aid for the reconstruction of Europe (1948-1952). Implemented by the ORGANIZATION FOR EUROPEAN ECONOMIC COOPERATION






46. Greater freedom for Ireland.






47. Fascist dictator of ITALY (1922-1943). He led Italy to conquer Ethiopia - joined Germany in the Axis pact - and allied Italy with Germany in World War II. He was overthrown in 1943 when the Allies invaded Italy.Called IL DUCE (the leader)






48. Developed the SCIENTIFIC METHOD through the INDUCTIVE method (specific to general) - wrote Novum Organum.






49. Germany - Austria-Hungary - Bulgaria - and Ottoman Empire ALLIED during WWI






50. Austrian and Prussian emperor declared that they would declare war on France if the ROYAL FAMILY was harmed.