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CLEP Western Civilization II

Subjects : clep, history
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. French philosopher. Scorned all authority - religion - and corrupt government. Extreme CYNIC. Believed in tolerance - reason - and freedom of thought - expression - and religious belief - but not Christianity. Famous quote - 'CRUSH THE INFAMOUS THING






2. A Jewish British prime minister.






3. Government set up in Sourthern France by the Nazis.






4. Made by Mussolini with the CATHOLIC CHURCH. Declared catholicism Italy's official religion - made church lands tax exempt - and gave church ability to oversee rules regarding marriage. The church then RECOGNIZED MUSSOLINI's status as ruler of Italy.






5. This was the empress of Russia who continued Peter's goal to Westernizing Russia - created a new law code - and greatly expanded Russia. ENLIGHTENED DESPOT who wrote to Voltaire and Diderot and questioned capital punishment and serfdom.






6. Developed the SCIENTIFIC METHOD through the INDUCTIVE method (specific to general) - wrote Novum Organum.






7. (1740-48) Conflict caused by the rival claims for the dominions of the Habsburg family. Before the death of Charles VI - Holy Roman emperor and archduke of Austria - many of the European powers had guaranteed that Charles's daughter Maria Theresa wou






8. Tsar who - in the late 17th and early 18th century - turned to the western model to 'modernize' Russia.






9. Lasting from 1899 to 1902 - DUTCH colonists and the BRITISH competed for control of territory in South Africa.






10. Were forced by mobs to END the MONARCHY in France.






11. Finance minister who INDUSTRIALIZED Russia.






12. English philosopher who advocated the idea of a 'social contract' in which government powers are derived from the consent of the governed and in which the government serves the people; also said people have natural rights to LIFE - LIBERTY AND PROPER






13. English mathematician and scientist who invented differential calculus and formulated the theory of universal GRAVITY - a theory about the nature of light - and three laws of motion. His treatise on gravitation - presented in Principia Mathematica (1






14. A joint stock company that controlled most of India during the period of imperialism. This company controlled the political - social - and economic life in India for more than 200 years.






15. Warship that was sent to the MOROCCAN coast by the GERMANS - to publicly declare they favored Moroccans being free from their colonizers - France. It was a threat to Britain and France.






16. Wrote THE DECLINE AND FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE. First ever history book to refer to history in strictly SECULAR terms. No God involved.






17. Organizations devoted to revolution. Created by radical COMMUNISTS and SOCIALISTS - including Marx.






18. Influential to Darwin's theory - he thought that everything - including humans - produce MORE OFFSPRING than can survive due to food shortages.






19. German Lutheran astronomer - discovered that the paths of the planets around the sun are ELLIPTICAL rather that circular.






20. Document that helped create the UNITED NATIONS.






21. BOLSHEVIKS. Revolutionaries and communists.






22. Republican form of government. United Provinces of the Netherlands; tolerant of all religions. 1st half of 17th century was golden age-govt. consisted of organized confederation of 7 provinces each w/ rep. govt. It established the Bank of Amsterdam a






23. Passed in 1832 - this controversial law gave the VOTE to middle class men in industrial cities - and gave them the right to be represented in PARLIAMENT. It abolished 'rotten boroughs -' sparsely populated areas that had representation.






24. Last German offensive on the Western Front in World War II. Its failure hastened German defeat.






25. The Quadruple Alliance - Russia - Prussia - Austria - and Britain...plus France - to prevent France's resentment towards the victors.






26. Meeting among world powers concerning how the world would run after Napoleon. They wanted no country to control another - creating buffer states - Belgium - from France's conquered territory. PEACEKEEPERS.






27. The machine German's encrypted their battle plan codes on - which British broke and could foresee German battle plans.






28. Fascist dictator of ITALY (1922-1943). He led Italy to conquer Ethiopia - joined Germany in the Axis pact - and allied Italy with Germany in World War II. He was overthrown in 1943 when the Allies invaded Italy.Called IL DUCE (the leader)






29. AUSTRIA and HUNGARY. Ruled by Francis Joseph of the Hapsburg empire from 1848 to 1916.






30. A city Hitler wanted because it was a center of rail transportation and provide access to oil fields.






31. ELECTED president of France following general election. Won 70% of the votes because of his name. Bonaparte later changed the government to an empire w/himself as emperor just like his uncle - the original Napoleon. Took the title of EMPEROR NAPOLEON






32. First ruled by the Great Elector - Frederick William. Formed after Thirty Year's War. Prussia's nobles - JUNKERS - were given exemption from taxes to give loyalty to the Fredericks. Built an enormous army. Would become Germany.






33. The British government took land from owners - FENCED it off - and used it to raise sheep. Benefitted the economy - but hurt small farmers.






34. Very RADICAL French revolutionary party responsible for Reign of Terror and execution of king






35. Germany supported this country in keeping control of it's Slavic nationalistics - which put GERMANY at odds with RUSSIA - because they wanted Slavs free.






36. Followers of a belief which stressed self-reliance - self- culture - self-discipline - and that knowledge transcends instead of coming by reason. They promoted the belief of individualism and caused an array of humanitarian reforms.






37. Prussian king of the 18th century; attempted to introduce Enlightenment reforms into Germany; built on military and BUREAUCRATIC foundations of his predecessors; introduced freedom of religion; increased state control of economy. ENLIGHTENED DESPOT.






38. Scottish economist who advocated private enterprise and free trade (1723-1790). His LAISSEZ-FAIRE economics maintains that governments should let the economy run on it's own and natural laws will keep it afloat. This is capitalism.






39. (1807-1882) Soldier of fortune who amassed his 'RED SHIRT' army to bring Naples and Sicily into a unified Italy.






40. Germany - Austria-Hungary - Bulgaria - and Ottoman Empire ALLIED during WWI






41. Important ZIONIST.






42. Farmers who resisted COLLECTIVIZATION and were labeled enemies of Stalin. All were executed.






43. British feminist of the eighteenth century who argued for women's equality with men - even in voting - in her 1792 'Vindication of the Rights of Women.'






44. Britain political party devoted to the interests of the LABOR UNION movement.






45. Idea created by JOHANN GOTTFRIED HERGER about a 'PEOPLE'S SPIRIT' to identify the national character of Germany - but soon passed to other countries. NATIONALISM.






46. GOD IS DEAD. Hated self sacrifice - emphasized a 'will to power.' A minority of the strongest should rule.






47. Conservative king who was revolted against in SPAIN. He ignored Spain's constitution and disbanded the parliament.






48. Father of modern CONSERVATISM. noted for his emphasis on tradition. Wrote 'Reflections on the Revolution in France.'






49. CONSERVATIVE KING succeeded his brother Louis XVIII. His desire to restore France to a Pre-1789 world led to the Revolution of 1830 and the ascent of Louis Philippe.






50. Important Russian radical who was a member of secret - exiled - SOCIAL REVOLUTIONARY AND CONSTITUTIONAL DEMOCRATIC PARTIES in Russia - which was ruled by a tsar.