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CLEP Western Civilization II

Subjects : clep, history
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Developed the SCIENTIFIC METHOD through the INDUCTIVE method (specific to general) - wrote Novum Organum.






2. The process by which religious beliefs - practices - and institutions lose their significance in sectors of society and culture.






3. Idea created by JOHANN GOTTFRIED HERGER about a 'PEOPLE'S SPIRIT' to identify the national character of Germany - but soon passed to other countries. NATIONALISM.






4. Republican form of government. United Provinces of the Netherlands; tolerant of all religions. 1st half of 17th century was golden age-govt. consisted of organized confederation of 7 provinces each w/ rep. govt. It established the Bank of Amsterdam a






5. Father of modern CONSERVATISM. noted for his emphasis on tradition. Wrote 'Reflections on the Revolution in France.'






6. 1598 - Granted the Huguenots liberty of worship. Revoked by Louis XIV in 1658. He chased the HUGUENOTS out of the country.






7. Invented the STEAM ENGINE - which led to steam powered cotton mills - and the railroad.






8. This treaty ended the Seven Years War. Gave Canada and area east of the Mississippi to Britain.






9. First to develop and write a book on the heliocentric theory - 'On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres.' It was placed on the index of prohibited books






10. Piedmont - Italy defeated Austro-Hungarian empire and won their INDEPENDENCE.






11. Finance minister who INDUSTRIALIZED Russia.






12. Wrote the pamphlet 'What is the THIRD ESTATE' concerning the plight of France's lower class.






13. Result of end of Austria-Prussian War - Austria doesn't get involved in German affairs - North German Confederation made under rulership of Prussia. Major step towards German unification.






14. The violent backlash in France against the rule of Robspierre that began with his arrest and execution in July 1794 - or 9 Thermidor in the French revolutionary calendar. Most of the instruments of Terror were dismantled - Jacobins were purged from p






15. Britain political party devoted to the interests of the LABOR UNION movement.






16. Tutor of Louis XIV who taught about the DIVINE RIGHT of the monarchy - which helped secure Louis' ideal of absolute monarchy. Conservative. Wrote 'Politics Drawn from the Very Words of Scripture.'






17. The Quadruple Alliance - Russia - Prussia - Austria - and Britain...plus France - to prevent France's resentment towards the victors.






18. From it emerged Turkey - Syria - Iran - and Iraq.






19. Conservative king who was revolted against in SPAIN. He ignored Spain's constitution and disbanded the parliament.






20. Thousands of Russians marched on the Winter Palace. Nicholas II gave up power. A PROVISIONAL GOVERNMENT was set up - and immediately social reforms took place.






21. ELECTED president of France following general election. Won 70% of the votes because of his name. Bonaparte later changed the government to an empire w/himself as emperor just like his uncle - the original Napoleon. Took the title of EMPEROR NAPOLEON






22. Extermination of the Jews.






23. Lenin was forced to institute this policy - which allowed PEASANTS to SELL some of what they produced.






24. Legislative body of 5 men after Thermidorian Reaction - UNSTABLE.






25. Ship sunk by GERMAN UNRESTRICTED SUBMARINE WARFARE on all ships headed for Britain. This caused Americans to enter the war.






26. Lasting from 1899 to 1902 - DUTCH colonists and the BRITISH competed for control of territory in South Africa.






27. Stalin's successor - wanted peaceful coexistence with the U.S. Eisenhower agreed to a summit conference with Khrushchev - France and Great Britain in Geneva - Switzerland in July - 1955 to discuss how peaceful coexistence could be achieved.






28. Formulated SOCIAL DARWINISM.






29. JACOBIN French revolutionary leader who stormed the Paris bastille and who supported the execution of Louis XVI but was guillotined by Robespierre for his opposition to the Reign of Terror (1759-1794).






30. French mathematician who invented CALCULUS - devised a theory of chance and probability. Wrote the 'Pensees.' Argued that religion and science are both true. PASCAL's WAGER said that It is worth the risk believing in God.






31. Peace treaty between Russia and Central Powers. Marked Russia's exit from war. Its harsh terms intensified the Allies' determination for victory.






32. A member of a British political party - founded in 1689 - that was the opposition party to the Whigs and has been known as the Conservative Party since about 1832. Fond of kings and against revolution.






33. Meeting among world powers concerning how the world would run after Napoleon. They wanted no country to control another - creating buffer states - Belgium - from France's conquered territory. PEACEKEEPERS.






34. A joint stock company that controlled most of India during the period of imperialism. This company controlled the political - social - and economic life in India for more than 200 years.






35. Were forced by mobs to END the MONARCHY in France.






36. AUSTRIA and HUNGARY. Ruled by Francis Joseph of the Hapsburg empire from 1848 to 1916.






37. King of PIEDMONT-SARDINIA - part of Italy.






38. Isolated the TUBERCULOSIS bacillus.






39. Passed in 1848 - this encouraged local towns to pass SANITATION laws.






40. Declared GREECE independent and mandated a monarchy there.






41. Scottish economist who advocated private enterprise and free trade (1723-1790). His LAISSEZ-FAIRE economics maintains that governments should let the economy run on it's own and natural laws will keep it afloat. This is capitalism.






42. British feminist of the eighteenth century who argued for women's equality with men - even in voting - in her 1792 'Vindication of the Rights of Women.'






43. Perfected the INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE - for cars.






44. The conflict between Communist North Korea and Non-Communist South Korea. The United Nations (led by the United States) helped South Korea.






45. Idea that the goal of society should be to bring about the greatest happiness for the GREATEST NUMBER of people. Associated with JEREMY BENTHAM.






46. Document that helped create the UNITED NATIONS.






47. Followers of a belief which stressed self-reliance - self- culture - self-discipline - and that knowledge transcends instead of coming by reason. They promoted the belief of individualism and caused an array of humanitarian reforms.






48. Napoleon waged economic war on Britain by preventing trade with it and providing for trade with France.






49. One of the prominent JACOBIN radical leaders during the revolution. He edited a radical newspaper. He called to rid France of the enemies of the Revolution






50. Austrian and Prussian emperor declared that they would declare war on France if the ROYAL FAMILY was harmed.







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