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CLEP Western Civilization II

Subjects : clep, history
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. THE ATHENS OF THE NORTH. The Scottish had their own Enlightenment.






2. Hitler blamed this event on communists and gave himself an excuse to take COMPLETE POWER of Germany.






3. LIBERAL who wrote the popular work 'ON LIBERTY'






4. JACOBIN French revolutionary leader who stormed the Paris bastille and who supported the execution of Louis XVI but was guillotined by Robespierre for his opposition to the Reign of Terror (1759-1794).






5. Mussolini's rise to power. Thousands of followers marched on Rome. King Victor Emmanuel III made Mussolini prime minister. Then Fascists made all other political parties illegal.






6. Republican form of government. United Provinces of the Netherlands; tolerant of all religions. 1st half of 17th century was golden age-govt. consisted of organized confederation of 7 provinces each w/ rep. govt. It established the Bank of Amsterdam a






7. Tsar who - in the late 17th and early 18th century - turned to the western model to 'modernize' Russia.






8. Austrian archduke who was assasinated by SERBIAN NATIONALISTS as the trigger of the FIRST WORLD WAR in 1914.






9. Developed CALCULUS dependently and at the same time as Pascal.






10. English mathematician and scientist who invented differential calculus and formulated the theory of universal GRAVITY - a theory about the nature of light - and three laws of motion. His treatise on gravitation - presented in Principia Mathematica (1






11. A Flemish surgeon who is considered the father of modern anatomy. He dissected human cadavers. (1514-1564)






12. AUSTRIA and HUNGARY. Ruled by Francis Joseph of the Hapsburg empire from 1848 to 1916.






13. Britain political party devoted to the interests of the LABOR UNION movement.






14. Passed in 1832 - this controversial law gave the VOTE to middle class men in industrial cities - and gave them the right to be represented in PARLIAMENT. It abolished 'rotten boroughs -' sparsely populated areas that had representation.






15. Farmers who resisted COLLECTIVIZATION and were labeled enemies of Stalin. All were executed.






16. 17t century French philosopher. Famously known for writing 'cogito ergo sum' ('I THINK THEREFORE I AM'). Wrote about concept of dualism.






17. Germany - Austria-Hungary - Bulgaria - and Ottoman Empire ALLIED during WWI






18. Influential to Darwin's theory - he thought that everything - including humans - produce MORE OFFSPRING than can survive due to food shortages.






19. Illiterate Cossack who started a mass REVOLT of serfs and peasants. Eventually captured - tortured - then executed






20. The GREEKS revolted against the OTTOMANS for their independence.The Concert of Europe generally opposed to this.






21. This was the empress of Russia who continued Peter's goal to Westernizing Russia - created a new law code - and greatly expanded Russia. ENLIGHTENED DESPOT who wrote to Voltaire and Diderot and questioned capital punishment and serfdom.






22. Agreement between Napoleon and Czar Alexander I in which Russia became an ally of France and Napoleon took over the lands of Prussia west of the Elbe as well as the Polish provinces.






23. Invented CROP ROTATION.

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24. An economic advisor to Louis XIV; he supported mercantilism and tried to make France economically self-sufficient. Louis ruined it by his multiple expensive wars and lavish lifestyle.






25. The most important commodity of the SECOND Industrial Revolution. Used for building ships - trains - bridges - and weapons of war.






26. The leaders under Robespierre who organized the defenses of France - conducted foreign policy - and centralized authority during the period 1792-1795. REIGN OF TERROR.






27. English philosopher who advocated the idea of a 'social contract' in which government powers are derived from the consent of the governed and in which the government serves the people; also said people have natural rights to LIFE - LIBERTY AND PROPER






28. Idea that the goal of society should be to bring about the greatest happiness for the GREATEST NUMBER of people. Associated with JEREMY BENTHAM.






29. Civil conflict caused by Irish nationalists in the IRISH REPUBLICAN ARMY against the British Empire - led by EAMON de VALERA.






30. The Soviets invade Afghanistan - many people support Afghanistan through the context of the Cold War and to prevent the spread of Communism.






31. An association of British socialists who advocate gradual evolutionary reforms within the law leading to democratic SOCIALISM.






32. A military draft






33. A form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)






34. Prussian king of the 18th century; attempted to introduce Enlightenment reforms into Germany; built on military and BUREAUCRATIC foundations of his predecessors; introduced freedom of religion; increased state control of economy. ENLIGHTENED DESPOT.






35. Stalin's successor - wanted peaceful coexistence with the U.S. Eisenhower agreed to a summit conference with Khrushchev - France and Great Britain in Geneva - Switzerland in July - 1955 to discuss how peaceful coexistence could be achieved.






36. Scottish economist who advocated private enterprise and free trade (1723-1790). His LAISSEZ-FAIRE economics maintains that governments should let the economy run on it's own and natural laws will keep it afloat. This is capitalism.






37. Ship sunk by GERMAN UNRESTRICTED SUBMARINE WARFARE on all ships headed for Britain. This caused Americans to enter the war.






38. German Lutheran astronomer - discovered that the paths of the planets around the sun are ELLIPTICAL rather that circular.






39. (1740-48) Conflict caused by the rival claims for the dominions of the Habsburg family. Before the death of Charles VI - Holy Roman emperor and archduke of Austria - many of the European powers had guaranteed that Charles's daughter Maria Theresa wou






40. Civil war in England between the Parliamentarians and the Royalists under Charles I. Forces of Parliament called 'ROUNDHEADS'. Forces of the King called 'CAVALIERS'. Roundheads won - Puritans (Cromwell's religion) purged Presbyterians from Parliament






41. The machine German's encrypted their battle plan codes on - which British broke and could foresee German battle plans.






42. Worldwide struggle between France and Great Britain for power and control of land. Known in America as the French and Indian War.

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43. Father of modern CONSERVATISM. noted for his emphasis on tradition. Wrote 'Reflections on the Revolution in France.'






44. Led by Danton - a temporary government set up by SANS-CULOTTES that began executing anti-revolutionaries.






45. Austrian and Prussian emperor declared that they would declare war on France if the ROYAL FAMILY was harmed.






46. Prime minister of Sardinia (northern Italy) who vowed to drive out the Austrians and worked towards a united Italy.






47. The place at which the three allied leaders - Truman - Stalin - and Atlee - met to discuss the distribution of Germany and the ultimatum that they would issue to Japan demanding thier immediate surrender






48. A United States program of economic aid for the reconstruction of Europe (1948-1952). Implemented by the ORGANIZATION FOR EUROPEAN ECONOMIC COOPERATION






49. Disastrous battle during which the British suffered 60 -000 casualties and had nothing to show for it.






50. Founded the Salvation Army







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