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CLEP Western Civilization II

Subjects : clep, history
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Mutiny of Russia's fleet took place here.






2. Document that helped create the UNITED NATIONS.






3. Prussian king of the 18th century; attempted to introduce Enlightenment reforms into Germany; built on military and BUREAUCRATIC foundations of his predecessors; introduced freedom of religion; increased state control of economy. ENLIGHTENED DESPOT.






4. Lasting from 1899 to 1902 - DUTCH colonists and the BRITISH competed for control of territory in South Africa.






5. Louis XVI called nobles and clergy to ask for money and the wealthy refused. The nobles refused to pay taxes. This group was made up of people selected by the king and was made up primarily of nobles.






6. Large Empire ruled by Habsburgs. Created after Thirty Year's War. Unstable due to ethnic - linguistic - cultural and political differences in it's people. Sided with Germany during WWI. It split up following the end of the war.






7. Extermination of the Jews.






8. Agreement between Napoleon and Czar Alexander I in which Russia became an ally of France and Napoleon took over the lands of Prussia west of the Elbe as well as the Polish provinces.






9. Italian POLITICAL party created by Benito Mussolini during World War I. It emphasized aggressive nationalism and was Mussolini's instrument for the creation of a dictatorship in Italy. Didn't believe in democracy.






10. Scottish economist who advocated private enterprise and free trade (1723-1790). His LAISSEZ-FAIRE economics maintains that governments should let the economy run on it's own and natural laws will keep it afloat. This is capitalism.






11. Finance minister who INDUSTRIALIZED Russia.






12. Where Napoleon eventually met his defeat. He then was exiled to Elba.






13. Meeting among world powers concerning how the world would run after Napoleon. They wanted no country to control another - creating buffer states - Belgium - from France's conquered territory. PEACEKEEPERS.






14. Wrote 'THE SPIRIT OF THE LAWS' - advocated separation of powers with the three BRANCHES of legislative - judicial - and executive - plus checks and balances.






15. A United States program of economic aid for the reconstruction of Europe (1948-1952). Implemented by the ORGANIZATION FOR EUROPEAN ECONOMIC COOPERATION






16. Italian astronomer and mathematician who was the first to use a TELESCOPE to study the stars. Advocated heliocentric theory. Was tried by the INQUISITION and spent his life under house arrest.






17. Promoted a GOSPEL of WEALTH - creating a heaven on earth by helping the poor to help themselves.






18. In 1936 a rebellion erupted in Spain after a coalition of Republicans - Socialists - and Communists was elected. General Francisco Franco led the rebellion. The revolt quickly became a civil war. The Soviet Union provided arms and advisers to the gov






19. A highly influential French philosopher who believed that Human beings are naturally good & free & can rely on their instincts. Government should exist to protect common good - and be a democracy. Wrote 'SOCIAL CONTRACT -' and advocated the general w






20. Passed in 1833 by the SADLER COMMITTEE - this helped prevent exploitation of children factory workers.






21. Three nations - Austria - Russia - and Prussia - who were nervous about liberal revolts - established the PROTOCOL OF TROPPAU that states they can intervene in the affairs of other countries unable to remain CONSERVATIVE.






22. First loss of a European power to an ASIAN COUNTRY.






23. Powerful poem by WILFRED OWEN about the horrors of WWI.






24. Hitler blamed this event on communists and gave himself an excuse to take COMPLETE POWER of Germany.






25. The machine German's encrypted their battle plan codes on - which British broke and could foresee German battle plans.






26. The English Parliament drove out an Catholic absolute monarch and replaced him with two constitutional monarch's WILLIAM III OF ORANGE and MARY - his wife - both Protestants. This Revolution was bloodless - and the new monarch's assented to a BILL OF






27. BOLSHEVIKS. Revolutionaries and communists.






28. French philosopher. Scorned all authority - religion - and corrupt government. Extreme CYNIC. Believed in tolerance - reason - and freedom of thought - expression - and religious belief - but not Christianity. Famous quote - 'CRUSH THE INFAMOUS THING






29. 17t century French philosopher. Famously known for writing 'cogito ergo sum' ('I THINK THEREFORE I AM'). Wrote about concept of dualism.






30. Also called the COMINTERN. This institute provided rules for Socialists throughtout Europe to follow. Among it's TWENTYONE CONDITIONS was the rejection of all political forms that called for the institution of communism through gradual means.






31. King of PIEDMONT-SARDINIA - part of Italy.






32. Local communist councils established throughout Russia.






33. LIBERAL who wrote the popular work 'ON LIBERTY'






34. Robert Jenkins - an English Captain - had his ear cut off by Spanish authorities when trying to smuggle goods into Spain. He preserved his ear in a jar of brandy and seven years later in 1738 - he appeared before the British Parliament and showed the

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35. Divided AFRICA among the Europeans and contributed greatly to the SCRAMBLE FOR AFRICA.






36. RUSSIA - PRUSSIA - AUSTRIA - AND BRITAIN banded together to defeat the tyrant Napoleon.






37. Developed the SCIENTIFIC METHOD through the INDUCTIVE method (specific to general) - wrote Novum Organum.






38. Tutor of Louis XIV who taught about the DIVINE RIGHT of the monarchy - which helped secure Louis' ideal of absolute monarchy. Conservative. Wrote 'Politics Drawn from the Very Words of Scripture.'






39. A military draft






40. The King of Prussia who chose Otto Van Bismark to be his Prime Minister. He was eventually crowned Kaiser of Prussia and Germany.






41. A city Hitler wanted because it was a center of rail transportation and provide access to oil fields.






42. Farmers who resisted COLLECTIVIZATION and were labeled enemies of Stalin. All were executed.






43. Invented the STEAM ENGINE - which led to steam powered cotton mills - and the railroad.






44. Austrian and Prussian emperor declared that they would declare war on France if the ROYAL FAMILY was harmed.






45. People - such as EDUARD BERNSTEIN - who believed that COMMUNISM could be achieved slowly and through democratic means.






46. Wrote the pamphlet 'What is the THIRD ESTATE' concerning the plight of France's lower class.






47. JACOBIN French revolutionary leader who stormed the Paris bastille and who supported the execution of Louis XVI but was guillotined by Robespierre for his opposition to the Reign of Terror (1759-1794).






48. Discovered in 1895 and led to questions about the nature of matter.






49. Discovered radium.






50. French mathematician who invented CALCULUS - devised a theory of chance and probability. Wrote the 'Pensees.' Argued that religion and science are both true. PASCAL's WAGER said that It is worth the risk believing in God.







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