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CLEP Western Civilization II

Subjects : clep, history
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Prussian king of the 18th century; attempted to introduce Enlightenment reforms into Germany; built on military and BUREAUCRATIC foundations of his predecessors; introduced freedom of religion; increased state control of economy. ENLIGHTENED DESPOT.






2. Followers of a belief which stressed self-reliance - self- culture - self-discipline - and that knowledge transcends instead of coming by reason. They promoted the belief of individualism and caused an array of humanitarian reforms.






3. Powerful poem by WILFRED OWEN about the horrors of WWI.






4. Wrote THE DECLINE AND FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE. First ever history book to refer to history in strictly SECULAR terms. No God involved.






5. Were forced by mobs to END the MONARCHY in France.






6. Anti-Nazi - Anti-Vichy Regime French fighters who were led by CHARLES de GAULLE.






7. Mussolini's rise to power. Thousands of followers marched on Rome. King Victor Emmanuel III made Mussolini prime minister. Then Fascists made all other political parties illegal.






8. Italian nationalist whose writings spurred the movement for a unified and independent Italy (1805-1872) YOUNG ITALY - and RISORGIMENTO movements.






9. Overthrew the monarchy established in 1830; briefly established a DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC; failure of the republic led to the reestablishment of the French Empire under NAPOLEON III in 1850.






10. 17t century French philosopher. Famously known for writing 'cogito ergo sum' ('I THINK THEREFORE I AM'). Wrote about concept of dualism.






11. Important Russian radical who was a member of secret - exiled - SOCIAL REVOLUTIONARY AND CONSTITUTIONAL DEMOCRATIC PARTIES in Russia - which was ruled by a tsar.






12. A religious war between the Catholics and Protestants - which resulted in the political restructuring of Europe and the development of nation states - the Dutch Republic - the Swiss Confederacy - the Austro-Hungarian Empire; granted religious freedom

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13. Important ZIONIST.






14. Soviet counterpart to NATO






15. Wrote the pamphlet 'What is the THIRD ESTATE' concerning the plight of France's lower class.






16. Wrote 'THE SPIRIT OF THE LAWS' - advocated separation of powers with the three BRANCHES of legislative - judicial - and executive - plus checks and balances.






17. Napoleon waged economic war on Britain by preventing trade with it and providing for trade with France.






18. Passed in 1832 - this controversial law gave the VOTE to middle class men in industrial cities - and gave them the right to be represented in PARLIAMENT. It abolished 'rotten boroughs -' sparsely populated areas that had representation.






19. Limited the power of Charles I of England. a) could not declare martial law; b) could not collect taxes; c) could not imprison people without cause; d) soldiers could not be housed without consent. First Parliamentary limit on the power of a king.






20. Developed the SCIENTIFIC METHOD through the INDUCTIVE method (specific to general) - wrote Novum Organum.






21. A city Hitler wanted because it was a center of rail transportation and provide access to oil fields.






22. Germany - Italy - and Japan






23. Lenin was forced to institute this policy - which allowed PEASANTS to SELL some of what they produced.






24. Robert Jenkins - an English Captain - had his ear cut off by Spanish authorities when trying to smuggle goods into Spain. He preserved his ear in a jar of brandy and seven years later in 1738 - he appeared before the British Parliament and showed the

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25. An economic advisor to Louis XIV; he supported mercantilism and tried to make France economically self-sufficient. Louis ruined it by his multiple expensive wars and lavish lifestyle.






26. Organizations devoted to revolution. Created by radical COMMUNISTS and SOCIALISTS - including Marx.






27. The Quadruple Alliance - Russia - Prussia - Austria - and Britain...plus France - to prevent France's resentment towards the victors.






28. A war between France and Prussia that ended the Second Empire in France and led to the founding of modern Germany; 1870-1871Declared by OTTO VON BISMARK. Humiliating for the French.






29. Large Empire ruled by Habsburgs. Created after Thirty Year's War. Unstable due to ethnic - linguistic - cultural and political differences in it's people. Sided with Germany during WWI. It split up following the end of the war.






30. Formulated SOCIAL DARWINISM.






31. The most important commodity of the SECOND Industrial Revolution. Used for building ships - trains - bridges - and weapons of war.






32. The British government took land from owners - FENCED it off - and used it to raise sheep. Benefitted the economy - but hurt small farmers.






33. First to develop and write a book on the heliocentric theory - 'On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres.' It was placed on the index of prohibited books






34. Invented CROP ROTATION.

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35. Conflict between the Russian and Ottoman Empires over Christian shrines and territory fought primarily in the Crimean Peninsula. To prevent Russian expansion - Britain and France sent troops to support the Ottomans.






36. English philosopher who advocated the idea of a 'social contract' in which government powers are derived from the consent of the governed and in which the government serves the people; also said people have natural rights to LIFE - LIBERTY AND PROPER






37. Disastrous battle during which the British suffered 60 -000 casualties and had nothing to show for it.






38. Austrian and Prussian emperor declared that they would declare war on France if the ROYAL FAMILY was harmed.






39. A United States program of economic aid for the reconstruction of Europe (1948-1952). Implemented by the ORGANIZATION FOR EUROPEAN ECONOMIC COOPERATION






40. Republican form of government. United Provinces of the Netherlands; tolerant of all religions. 1st half of 17th century was golden age-govt. consisted of organized confederation of 7 provinces each w/ rep. govt. It established the Bank of Amsterdam a






41. New 'SECULAR' name for a month in summer.






42. Promoted a GOSPEL of WEALTH - creating a heaven on earth by helping the poor to help themselves.






43. LIBERALS and Monarchists. All those opposed to the Russian Revolution.






44. The French King who built the palace at Versailles - The longest standing King of France 'SUN KING' - - One of the most powerful monarchs of Europe - ruling 72 years. He was famous for his quote -'I AM THE STATE.' Executed by furious revolutionaries.






45. Thousands of Russians marched on the Winter Palace. Nicholas II gave up power. A PROVISIONAL GOVERNMENT was set up - and immediately social reforms took place.






46. Finance minister who INDUSTRIALIZED Russia.






47. LIBERAL who wrote the popular work 'ON LIBERTY'






48. In 1898 - a conflict between the United States and Spain - in which the U.S. supported the CUBANS' fight for INDEPENDENCE.






49. ELECTED president of France following general election. Won 70% of the votes because of his name. Bonaparte later changed the government to an empire w/himself as emperor just like his uncle - the original Napoleon. Took the title of EMPEROR NAPOLEON






50. Isolated the TUBERCULOSIS bacillus.