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Test your basic knowledge |
Consumer Behavior
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Subject
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business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Observational research by anthropologists of the behaviors of a small sample of people from a particular society
Communication Feedback
Consumer Fieldwork
Global Strategy
Shaping
2. A series of personal evaluations an individual uses to put himself or herself into a social class
Subjective Measures
Stimulus Generalization
Index of Status Characteristics
Passive Learning
3. The placement of ads in the specific media read - viewed - or heard by each targeted audience - based on consumer profile
Media Strategy
Social Class
Audience Profile
Physiological Measures
4. Measures concerned with consumers' overall feelings about the product and the brand and their purchase intentions
Source Credibility
Social Status
Institutional Advertising
Attitudinal Measures
5. Attribution theory suggests that some people attribute their success in performing certain tasks to their own skills
Internal Attributions
Passive Learning
Sale Effects
Source Amnesia
6. The process - started in childhood - by which an individual learns the skills and attitudes relevant to consumer purchase behavior
Theory-of-Reasoned-Action (TRA) Model
Interference Effects
Consumer Socialization
Socioeconomic Status Score
7. An individual's perceived age (usually 10 to 15 years younger than his chronological age)
Modeling (observational/vicarious learning)
Sex Roles
Informal Communication Source
Cognitive Ages
8. A model that proposes that a consumer's attitude toward a product or brand is a function of the presence of certain attributes and the consumer's evaluation of those attributes
Product Standardization
Sex Roles
Attitude-Toward-Object Model
Consumer Generated Media
9. Making the same response to a slightly different stimuli
Attitude-Toward-Behavior Model
Stimulus Generalization
Communication Feedback
Objective Measures
10. An orientation for assessing whether to use a global versus local marketing strategy concentration on high-tech to high-touch continuum
Sex Roles
Co-Branding
Product Standardization
Order Effects
11. An evaluation of how the order that advertisements are viewed affects how consumers respond to them; for example - TV commercials shown in the middle of a sequence are recalled less than those at the beginning or end
Audience Profile
Cognitive Learning
Recognition and Recall Tests
Order Effects
12. The approximately 71 million Americans who were born between the years of 1977 and 1994 (the children of the baby boomers)
Cross-Cultural Consumer Analysis
Mixed Strategies
Negative Reinforcement
Generation Y
13. A theory of learning based on mental information processing - often in response to problem solving
Chunking
Cognitive Learning
Classical Conditioning
PRIZM NE
14. Unethical marketing directed to groups that are especially vulnerable to undue influence by advertising - such as children and persons of lesser education
Persuasion Effects
Exploitive Targeting
Source Amnesia
Value-Expressive Function
15. Focused on the degree of personal relevance that the product or purchase holds for the consumer
Consumer Ethics
Consumer Involvement
External Attributions
Generation X
16. All ads that reach the consumer online and on any mobile communication devices such as PDAs - cell phones and smartphones (aka mobile advertising)
Consumer Generated Media
Utilitarian Function
Information Processing
Class Consciousness
17. A method for systematically analyzing the content of verbal and/or pictorial communication. the method is frequently used to determine prevailing social values of a society in a particular era under study
Content Analysis
Societal Marketing Concept
Branded Entertainment
Stimulus Discrimination
18. Messages that can be customized and addressed to various receivers. different receivers can get varied renderings of the same basic message
Culture
Addressable Messages
Door-In-The-Face Technique
Field Observation
19. A cognitive theory of human learning patterned after a computer information processing that focuses on how information is stored in human memory and how it is retrieved
Information Processing
Positive Reinforcement
Market Maven
Functional Approach
20. Originally defined as a person whom the message receiver knows personally - such as a parent or friend who gives product information or advice - today it includes people who influence one's consumption via online social networks
Knowledge Function
Informal Communication Source
Modeling (observational/vicarious learning)
World Brand
21. Advertising that explicitly names or otherwise identifies one or more competitors of the advertised brand for the purpose of claiming superiority - either on an overall basis or on selected product groupings
Theory of Trying to Consume
Comparative Advertising
Local Strategy
Field Observation
22. Recasts the theory-of-reasoned-action model by replacing actual behavior with trying to behave as the variable to be explained and/or predicted
Order Effects
Advertising Resonance
Self-Perception Theory
Theory of Trying to Consume
23. A component of the functional approach to attitude-change theory that suggests consumers hold certain attitudes partly because of the brand's utility
Utilitarian Function
Family Branding
Social Class
Unaided Recall
24. Portrays consumers' attitudes with regard to an attitude object as a function of consumers perception and assessment of key attributes or beliefs held with regard to the particular attitude object
Sex Roles
Generation Y
Multiattribute Attitude Models
PRIZM NE
25. A model that proposes that a consumer forms various feelings (affects) and judgments (cognition) as the result of exposure to an advertisement - which - in turn - affect the consumer's attitude toward the ad and beliefs and attitudes toward the br
Consumer Ethics
Medium
Attitude-Toward-the-Ad Models
Door-In-The-Face Technique
26. The process by which the sender (or source) of a communication message selects and assigns words or visual images to represent the message's contents
Encoding
Positive Reinforcement
Passive Learning
Door-In-The-Face Technique
27. A marketing strategy that combines elements of the global and local marketing strategies - offering either a customized message and uniform product - or a uniform message and customized product
Socialization of Family Members
Mixed Strategies
Comparative Advertising
Consumer Generated Media
28. Marketing messages and promotional materials that appear to come from independent parties - although they are sent by marketers
Attitude-Toward-the-Ad Models
Social Class
Covert - Masked or Stealth Marketing
Exploitive Targeting
29. Consumers judge a products performance and attribute its success or failure to the product itself
Attributions Toward Things
Megabrands
Exploitive Targeting
Theory of Trying to Consume
30. A way to track bodily responses to stimuli - in an effort to see which products generate the most positive response
Neo-Pavlovian Conditioning
Physiological Measures
Comparative Advertising
Communication Feedback
31. An extension of the TRA model which includes an additional factor leading to intention - a customer's perception whether a behavior is within his or her control
Interference Effects
Recognition and Recall Tests
Field Observation
Theory of Planned Behavior
32. The sum total of learned beliefs - values and customs that serve to direct the consumer behavior of members of a particular society
Branded Entertainment
Determined Detractors
Cognitive Dissonance Theory
Culture
33. The ability to select a specific stimulus from among similar stimuli because of perceived differences
Audience Profile
Rehearsal
Hemispheric Lateralizatio
Stimulus Discrimination
34. The division of members of a society into a hierarchy of distinct status classes - so that members of each class have either higher or lower status than members of other classes
Index of Status Characteristics
Functional Approach
Tricomponent Attitude Model
Social Class
35. A form of retraction or clarification a company must issue when it makes false or misleading claims in its advertising
Multiattribute Attitude Models
Attitude-Toward-the-Ad Models
Corrective Advertising
Chunking
36. Persistent critics of marketers who initiate bad publicity online
Interference Effects
Attitude-Toward-Behavior Model
Socialization Agent
Determined Detractors
37. Without active involvement - individuals process and store right-brain (non-verbal - pictorial) information
Subjective Measures
Passive Learning
Tricomponent Attitude Model
Market Maven
38. The perception a consumer has of a product based on where it is manufactured - due to reputation or personal biases
Cognitive Learning
Country-of-Origin Effects
Attitude-Toward-Object Model
Stimulus Discrimination
39. When consumers recode what they have already encoded to include largest amounts of information
Instrumental (operant) Conditioning
Advertising Resonance
Persuasion Effects
Chunking
40. A composite index of geographic and socioeconomic factors expressed in residential zip-code neighborhoods from which geodemographic consumer segments are formed
Utilitarian Function
Aided Recall
PRIZM NE
Medium
41. Determination if the marketing message was correctly receiver - understood - and interpreted
Persuasion Effects
Exposure Effects
New Media
Attitudinal Measures
42. Consists of events that strengthen the likelihood of a specific response
Central Route to Persuasion
Market Maven
Addressable Advertising
Positive Reinforcement
43. A person or organization involved in passing along the basic values and behaviors of a group - mainly because they are in close proximity and control the means to reward and/or punish actions
Exposure Effects
Encoding
Socialization Agent
Social Class
44. Caused by confusion with competing ads - and make informational retrieval difficult
Determined Detractors
Chunking
Interference Effects
Socialization Agent
45. An attitude-change theory that classifies attitudes in terms of four functions: utilitarian - ego-defensive - value-expressive - and knowledge functions
Value-Expressive Function
Functional Approach
Comparative Advertising
Narrowcast Messages
46. A component of the functional approach to attitude-change theory that suggests that attitudes express consumers' general values - lifestyles - and outlook
Addressable Advertising
Modeling (observational/vicarious learning)
Value-Expressive Function
Cognitive Dissonance Theory
47. A theory concerned with how people assign causality to events - and form or alter their attitudes after assessing their own or other people's behaviors
Market Maven
Theory of Trying to Consume
Social Class
Attribution Theory
48. A communication channel - generally classified as either impersonal (mass medium) and interpersonal (conversations between people)
Shaping
Content Analysis
Medium
Unaided Recall
49. Consumers who agree to promote products by bringing them to family gatherings - suggesting to store owners that they stock the items - reading certain books in public - and finding other ways to create "buzz" about a product
Culture
Physiological Measures
Determined Detractors
Buzz Agents
50. A composite segmentation strategy that uses both geographic variables (zip codes - neighborhoods or blocks) and demographic variables (income - occupation - value or residence) to identify target markets
Geodemographic Clusters
Local Strategy
Single-Variable Indexes
Central Route to Persuasion
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