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Test your basic knowledge |
Consumer Behavior
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Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A theory of learning based on mental information processing - often in response to problem solving
Class Consciousness
Traditional Family Life Cycle
Cognitive Learning
Consumer Involvement
2. Uninvoled consumers can be attracted through peripheral advertising cues such as the model or the setting
Peripheral Route to Persuasion
Consumer Fieldwork
Medium
Broadcast Model
3. Developed by the US Bureau of the Census - which combines three basic socioeconomic variables: occupation - family income - and educational attainment
Advertising Resonance
Instrumental (operant) Conditioning
Socioeconomic Status Score
Exposure Effects
4. Consists of events that strengthen the likelihood of a specific response
Defensive Attribution
Positive Reinforcement
Cognitive Learning
Index of Status Characteristics
5. A component of the functional approach to attitude-change theory that suggests consumers hold certain attitudes partly because of the brand's utility
Encoding
Traditional Family Life Cycle
Utilitarian Function
Cognitive Dissonance Theory
6. The consumer is asked whether he or she has read a particular magazine/seen a particular TV show and can recall any of the ads seen in them
Sleeper Effect
Consumer Generated Media
Unaided Recall
Composite-Variable Indexes
7. A component of the functional approach to attitude-change theory that suggest that consumers have a strong need to know and understand the people and products with which they come into contact
Addressable Advertising
Utilitarian Function
Knowledge Function
Advertising Wearout
8. The use of a single socioeconomic variable (such as income) to estimate an individual's relative social class
External Attributions
Door-In-The-Face Technique
Retrieval
Single-Variable Indexes
9. A communication channel - generally classified as either impersonal (mass medium) and interpersonal (conversations between people)
Content Analysis
Medium
Defensive Attribution
Negative Reinforcement
10. Designing - packageing - pricing - advertising - and distributing products in such a way that negative consequences to consumers - employees - and society in general are avoided
Marketing Ethics
Hemispheric Lateralizatio
Negative Reinforcement
Advertising Wearout
11. The number of consumers exposed to a message and how they react
Social Class
Comparative Advertising
Exposure Effects
Participant Observers
12. Originally defined as a person whom the message receiver knows personally - such as a parent or friend who gives product information or advice - today it includes people who influence one's consumption via online social networks
Attributions Toward Others
Informal Communication Source
Cognitive Associative Learning
Determined Detractors
13. A source of communication that speaks on behalf of an organization - either a for-profit or a not-for-profit organization
Passive Learning
Licensing
Communication Feedback
Formal Communication Source
14. A person or organization involved in passing along the basic values and behaviors of a group - mainly because they are in close proximity and control the means to reward and/or punish actions
Social Status
Stimulus Generalization
Socialization Agent
Co-Branding
15. Attribution theory suggests that some people attribute their success in performing certain tasks to their own skills
Product Standardization
Internal Attributions
Covert - Masked or Stealth Marketing
Door-In-The-Face Technique
16. When two brand names are featured on a single product
Neo-Pavlovian Conditioning
Co-Branding
Attitude-Toward-Behavior Model
Theory of Trying to Consume
17. Caused by confusion with competing ads - and make informational retrieval difficult
Interference Effects
Exploitive Targeting
Communication Feedback
Corrective Advertising
18. An index that combines a number of socioeconomic variables (such as education - income - occupation) to form one overall measure of social class standing
Advertising Resonance
Composite-Variable Indexes
Cognitive Learning
Sleeper Effect
19. Focused on the degree of personal relevance that the product or purchase holds for the consumer
Negative Reinforcement
Theory-of-Reasoned-Action (TRA) Model
Consumer Involvement
Recognition and Recall Tests
20. An orientation for assessing whether to use a global versus local marketing strategy concentration on high-tech to high-touch continuum
Content Analysis
Foot-In-The-Door Technique
Intention-to-Buy Scales
Product Standardization
21. The process by which we recover information from long-term storage
Defensive Attribution
Marketing Ethics
Retrieval
Attitudinal Measures
22. The tendency for persuasive communications to lose the impact of source credibility over time (example - the influence of a message from a high credibility source tends to decrease over time; the influence of a message from a low credibility source
Foot-In-The-Door Technique
Sleeper Effect
Rokeach Value Survey
Generation X
23. A behavioral theory of learning based on a trial-and-error process - with habits formed as the result of positive experiences resulting from specific behaviors
Cognitive Dissonance Theory
Instrumental (operant) Conditioning
Internal Attributions
Generation Y
24. Aka product placement - a marketing technique in which a product is integrated into a TV show or film through its use by the characters
Mixed Strategies
Corrective Advertising
Branded Entertainment
Cognitive Associative Learning
25. Others behave in response to certain situations (stimuli) and the ensuing results (reinforcement) that occur - and they imitate (model) the positively reinforced behavior when faced with similar situations
Participant Observers
Modeling (observational/vicarious learning)
Sleeper Effect
Knowledge Function
26. According to Pavlovian theory - conditioned learning results when a stimulus paired with another stimulus that elicits a known response serves to product the same response by itself
Classical Conditioning
Product Standardization
Internal Attributions
Instrumental (operant) Conditioning
27. Reinforcement performed before the desired consumer behavior actually takes place - increases the probabilities that certain desired customers behavior will occur
Positive Reinforcement
Shaping
Audience Profile
Comparative Advertising
28. An anthropological measurement technique that focuses on observing behavior within a natural environment (often without the subjects awareness)
Consumer Ethics
Field Observation
Modeling (observational/vicarious learning)
Theory of Planned Behavior
29. A model that proposes that a consumer's attitude toward a product or brand is a function of the presence of certain attributes and the consumer's evaluation of those attributes
Knowledge Function
Advertising Wearout
Attitude-Toward-Object Model
Classical Conditioning
30. Discomfort or dissonance occurs when a consumer holds conflicting thoughts about a belief or an attitude object
Persuasion Effects
Country-of-Origin Effects
Cognitive Dissonance Theory
Branded Entertainment
31. Consumers who agree to promote products by bringing them to family gatherings - suggesting to store owners that they stock the items - reading certain books in public - and finding other ways to create "buzz" about a product
Intention-to-Buy Scales
Buzz Agents
Medium
Culture
32. A theory concerned with how people assign causality to events - and form or alter their attitudes after assessing their own or other people's behaviors
Consumer Fieldwork
Behavioral Learning
Attribution Theory
Market Maven
33. Measures concerned with consumers' overall feelings about the product and the brand and their purchase intentions
Source Credibility
Functional Approach
Attitudinal Measures
World Brand
34. Selected fact-based demographic or socioeconomic variables (such as occupation - income - education level) that are used to classify individuals in terms of social class
Baby Boomers
Narrowcast Messages
Advertising Wearout
Objective Measures
35. When consumers feel that another person is responsible for either positive or negative product performance
Socialization of Family Members
Ego-Defensive Function
Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM)
Attributions Toward Others
36. The silent - mental repetition of material
Medium
Knowledge Function
Local Strategy
Rehearsal
37. Research to determine the extent to which consumers of two or more nations are similar in relation to specific consumption behavior
Societal Marketing Concept
Cross-Cultural Consumer Analysis
Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM)
Product Standardization
38. The process by which the sender (or source) of a communication message selects and assigns words or visual images to represent the message's contents
Socialization Agent
Baby Boomers
Stimulus-Response Learning
Encoding
39. Advertising that explicitly names or otherwise identifies one or more competitors of the advertised brand for the purpose of claiming superiority - either on an overall basis or on selected product groupings
Peripheral Route to Persuasion
Order Effects
Institutional Advertising
Comparative Advertising
40. A situation in which a large - costly - or high first request that is probably refused is followed by a second - more realistic - less costly request
Door-In-The-Face Technique
Rehearsal
Advertising Wearout
Product Standardization
41. The creation of a strong association between conditional stimulus and the unconditional stimulu requiring (1) forward conditioning; (2) repeated pairings of the CS and US; (3) a CS and US that logically belong together; (4) a CS that is novel and unf
Sex Roles
Neo-Pavlovian Conditioning
Modeling (observational/vicarious learning)
Retrieval
42. Customizing both product and communications programs by area or country when conducting business on a global basis
Licensing
Local Strategy
Theory-of-Reasoned-Action (TRA) Model
Multiattribute Attitude Models
43. Psychographic/demographic descriptions of the audience of a specific medium
Audience Profile
Formal Communication Source
Generation X
Societal Marketing Concept
44. An extension of the TRA model which includes an additional factor leading to intention - a customer's perception whether a behavior is within his or her control
Theory of Planned Behavior
Determined Detractors
Order Effects
Socialization of Family Members
45. A feeling of social-group membership that reflects an individual's sense of belonging or identification with others
Class Consciousness
Intention-to-Buy Scales
Rokeach Value Survey
Informal Communication Source
46. A cognitive theory of human learning patterned after a computer information processing that focuses on how information is stored in human memory and how it is retrieved
Information Processing
Family Branding
Comparative Advertising
Attributions Toward Things
47. The learning of associations among events through classical conditioning that allows the organism to anticipate and represent its environment
Recognition and Recall Tests
Intention-to-Buy Scales
Cognitive Associative Learning
Tricomponent Attitude Model
48. Born between 1965-1979 - post baby boomer segment
Multiattribute Attitude Models
Generation X
Positive Reinforcement
Source Credibility
49. Attitudes consist of three major components: cognitive component - an affective component - and a conative component
Broadcast Model
Physiological Measures
Tricomponent Attitude Model
Generation X
50. The approximately 71 million Americans who were born between the years of 1977 and 1994 (the children of the baby boomers)
Index of Status Characteristics
Attitudinal Measures
Participant Observers
Generation Y
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