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Test your basic knowledge |
Consumer Behavior
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Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Messages that can be customized and addressed to various receivers. different receivers can get varied renderings of the same basic message
Addressable Messages
Socioeconomic Status Score
Socialization of Family Members
Value-Expressive Function
2. An evaluation of how the order that advertisements are viewed affects how consumers respond to them; for example - TV commercials shown in the middle of a sequence are recalled less than those at the beginning or end
Narrowcast Messages
Exploitive Targeting
Index of Status Characteristics
Order Effects
3. Individuals born between 1946 and 1964 (approx. 40% of the adult population)
Baby Boomers
Ego-Defensive Function
Buzz Agents
Shaping
4. Reinforcement performed before the desired consumer behavior actually takes place - increases the probabilities that certain desired customers behavior will occur
World Brand
Shaping
Advertising Resonance
Attitude-Toward-Behavior Model
5. The creation of a strong association between conditional stimulus and the unconditional stimulu requiring (1) forward conditioning; (2) repeated pairings of the CS and US; (3) a CS and US that logically belong together; (4) a CS that is novel and unf
Neo-Pavlovian Conditioning
Market Maven
Socialization of Family Members
Advertising Resonance
6. When consumers feel that another person is responsible for either positive or negative product performance
Culture
Attributions Toward Others
Persuasion Effects
Hemispheric Lateralizatio
7. A behavioral theory of learning based on a trial-and-error process - with habits formed as the result of positive experiences resulting from specific behaviors
Instrumental (operant) Conditioning
Sex Roles
Socialization of Family Members
Foot-In-The-Door Technique
8. Born between 1965-1979 - post baby boomer segment
Advertising Resonance
Rokeach Value Survey
Socioeconomic Status Score
Generation X
9. A composite segmentation strategy that uses both geographic variables (zip codes - neighborhoods or blocks) and demographic variables (income - occupation - value or residence) to identify target markets
Self-Perception Theory
Attitudinal Measures
Geodemographic Clusters
Foot-In-The-Door Technique
10. Discomfort or dissonance occurs when a consumer holds conflicting thoughts about a belief or an attitude object
Cognitive Learning
Cognitive Dissonance Theory
Value-Expressive Function
Sleeper Effect
11. An index that combines a number of socioeconomic variables (such as education - income - occupation) to form one overall measure of social class standing
Advertising Wearout
Baby Boomers
Composite-Variable Indexes
Traditional Family Life Cycle
12. A model that proposes that a consumer's attitude toward a specific behavior is a function of how strongly he or she believes that the action will lead to a specific outcome
Recognition and Recall Tests
Rehearsal
Attitude-Toward-Behavior Model
Self-Perception Theory
13. A component of the functional approach to attitude-change that suggests that consumers want to protect their self-concepts from inner feelings of doubt
New Media
Persuasion Effects
Ego-Defensive Function
Medium
14. Theories based on the premise that learning takes place as the result of observable responses to external stimuli
Attitude-Toward-the-Ad Models
Theory of Planned Behavior
Behavioral Learning
Traditional Family Life Cycle
15. Aka product placement - a marketing technique in which a product is integrated into a TV show or film through its use by the characters
Co-Branding
Branded Entertainment
Covert - Masked or Stealth Marketing
Stimulus Generalization
16. The consumer is asked whether he or she has read a particular magazine/seen a particular TV show and can recall any of the ads seen in them
Theory-of-Reasoned-Action (TRA) Model
Unaided Recall
Chunking
Classical Conditioning
17. Marketing messages and promotional materials that appear to come from independent parties - although they are sent by marketers
Central Route to Persuasion
Covert - Masked or Stealth Marketing
Theory-of-Reasoned-Action (TRA) Model
Ego-Defensive Function
18. Phenomenon in which people forget the source of a message buy remember the message itself
Generation Y
Source Amnesia
Recognition and Recall Tests
Unaided Recall
19. A component of the functional approach to attitude-change theory that suggests consumers hold certain attitudes partly because of the brand's utility
Modeling (observational/vicarious learning)
Utilitarian Function
Unaided Recall
Branded Entertainment
20. A person or organization involved in passing along the basic values and behaviors of a group - mainly because they are in close proximity and control the means to reward and/or punish actions
Passive Learning
Socialization Agent
Ego-Defensive Function
Advertising Resonance
21. A self-administered inventory consisting of 18 "terminal" values (personal goals) and 18 "instrumental" values (wasy of reaching personal goals
Order Effects
Communication Feedback
Attitude-Toward-Object Model
Rokeach Value Survey
22. The tendency for persuasive communications to lose the impact of source credibility over time (example - the influence of a message from a high credibility source tends to decrease over time; the influence of a message from a low credibility source
Traditional Family Life Cycle
Attitude-Toward-the-Ad Models
Foot-In-The-Door Technique
Sleeper Effect
23. A component of the functional approach to attitude-change theory that suggests that attitudes express consumers' general values - lifestyles - and outlook
Advertising Wearout
Rehearsal
Utilitarian Function
Value-Expressive Function
24. Traits and tendencies often associated with a particular gender; for example - masculine traits include aggressiveness and competitiveness - whereas feminine traits include neatness - tactfulness - gentleness and talkativeness
Unaided Recall
Attitude-Toward-the-Ad Models
Sex Roles
Global Strategy
25. Caused by confusion with competing ads - and make informational retrieval difficult
Viral Marketing
Geodemographic Clusters
Interference Effects
Chunking
26. The premise that observable responses to specific external stimuli signal that learning has taken place
Index of Status Characteristics
Rehearsal
Stimulus-Response Learning
Attribution Theory
27. An attitude-change theory that classifies attitudes in terms of four functions: utilitarian - ego-defensive - value-expressive - and knowledge functions
Door-In-The-Face Technique
Unaided Recall
Stimulus Generalization
Functional Approach
28. The learning of associations among events through classical conditioning that allows the organism to anticipate and represent its environment
Cognitive Associative Learning
Socialization of Family Members
Multiattribute Attitude Models
Branded Entertainment
29. A situation in which a large - costly - or high first request that is probably refused is followed by a second - more realistic - less costly request
Family Branding
Global Strategy
Door-In-The-Face Technique
Generation Y
30. Psychographic/demographic descriptions of the audience of a specific medium
Persuasion Effects
Audience Profile
Co-Branding
Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM)
31. A revision of the traditional marketing concept that suggests that marketers adhere to principles of social responsibility in the marketing of their goods and services; that is - they must endeavor to satisfy the needs and wants of their target mark
Interference Effects
Cross-Cultural Consumer Analysis
Societal Marketing Concept
Cognitive Associative Learning
32. Mostly refers to advertising by premier online merchants who analyze the purchase behaviors of their users and utilize this data to make customized recommendations to individual users about future offerings.
External Attributions
Source Amnesia
Addressable Advertising
Central Route to Persuasion
33. An unpleasant or negative outcome that also serves to encourage a specific behavior
Socioeconomic Status Score
Knowledge Function
Negative Reinforcement
Megabrands
34. All ads that reach the consumer online and on any mobile communication devices such as PDAs - cell phones and smartphones (aka mobile advertising)
New Media
Consumer Generated Media
Cognitive Ages
External Attributions
35. The amount of status members of one social class have in comparison with members of other social classes
Socialization of Family Members
Social Class
Social Status
Aided Recall
36. Priorities and codes of conduct that both affects and reflects the character of American society
Communication Feedback
Core Values
Corrective Advertising
Cross-Cultural Consumer Analysis
37. The use of a single socioeconomic variable (such as income) to estimate an individual's relative social class
Advertising Resonance
Single-Variable Indexes
Comparative Advertising
Information Processing
38. Making the same response to a slightly different stimuli
Field Observation
Consumer Generated Media
Classical Conditioning
Stimulus Generalization
39. A process that includes imparting to children and other family members the basic values and modes of behavior consistent with the culture
Socialization of Family Members
Socialization Agent
Institutional Advertising
Value-Expressive Function
40. A more dynamic communication technology - sometimes called alternative or nontraditional media - characterized by addressibility - interactivity - and response measurability
Participant Observers
Functional Approach
Branded Entertainment
New Media
41. An orientation for assessing whether to use a global versus local marketing strategy concentration on high-tech to high-touch continuum
Licensing
Source Amnesia
Product Standardization
Order Effects
42. Attitudes consist of three major components: cognitive component - an affective component - and a conative component
Tricomponent Attitude Model
Sex Roles
Positive Reinforcement
Formal Communication Source
43. According to Pavlovian theory - conditioned learning results when a stimulus paired with another stimulus that elicits a known response serves to product the same response by itself
Social Status
Branded Entertainment
Classical Conditioning
Stimulus Discrimination
44. Advertising that explicitly names or otherwise identifies one or more competitors of the advertised brand for the purpose of claiming superiority - either on an overall basis or on selected product groupings
Exploitive Targeting
Comparative Advertising
Central Route to Persuasion
Narrowcast Messages
45. When consumers recode what they have already encoded to include largest amounts of information
Chunking
Consumer Socialization
Self-Perception Theory
Composite-Variable Indexes
46. Recasts the theory-of-reasoned-action model by replacing actual behavior with trying to behave as the variable to be explained and/or predicted
Negative Reinforcement
Chunking
Theory of Trying to Consume
Comparative Advertising
47. A theory concerned with how people assign causality to events - and form or alter their attitudes after assessing their own or other people's behaviors
Attribution Theory
Instrumental (operant) Conditioning
Attributions Toward Things
Ego-Defensive Function
48. Others behave in response to certain situations (stimuli) and the ensuing results (reinforcement) that occur - and they imitate (model) the positively reinforced behavior when faced with similar situations
Index of Status Characteristics
Sleeper Effect
Modeling (observational/vicarious learning)
Stimulus-Response Learning
49. A theory that suggests that a person's level of involvement during message processing is a critical factor in determining which route to persuasion is likely to be effective
Cognitive Dissonance Theory
Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM)
Licensing
Co-Branding
50. The consumer is shown an ad and asked whether he or she remembers seeing it and recalls any of its salient points
Theory-of-Reasoned-Action (TRA) Model
Value-Expressive Function
Peripheral Route to Persuasion
Aided Recall
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