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Test your basic knowledge |
Consumer Behavior
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A behavioral theory of learning based on a trial-and-error process - with habits formed as the result of positive experiences resulting from specific behaviors
Attitude-Toward-the-Ad Models
Instrumental (operant) Conditioning
Classical Conditioning
Attributions Toward Things
2. An index that combines a number of socioeconomic variables (such as education - income - occupation) to form one overall measure of social class standing
Class Consciousness
Classical Conditioning
Field Observation
Composite-Variable Indexes
3. The practice of marketing a whole line of company products under the same brand name
Social Class
Family Branding
Content Analysis
Door-In-The-Face Technique
4. A theory that suggests that a person's level of involvement during message processing is a critical factor in determining which route to persuasion is likely to be effective
Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM)
Subjective Measures
Corrective Advertising
Family Branding
5. Caused by confusion with competing ads - and make informational retrieval difficult
Traditional Family Life Cycle
Baby Boomers
Addressable Advertising
Interference Effects
6. The process - started in childhood - by which an individual learns the skills and attitudes relevant to consumer purchase behavior
Single-Variable Indexes
Megabrands
Objective Measures
Consumer Socialization
7. A revision of the traditional marketing concept that suggests that marketers adhere to principles of social responsibility in the marketing of their goods and services; that is - they must endeavor to satisfy the needs and wants of their target mark
Negative Reinforcement
Societal Marketing Concept
Information Processing
Cognitive Associative Learning
8. Individuals inferences or judgements as to the causes of their own behavior
Self-Perception Theory
Attitude-Toward-Behavior Model
Source Amnesia
Local Strategy
9. A theory of learning based on mental information processing - often in response to problem solving
Cognitive Learning
Behavioral Learning
Order Effects
Tricomponent Attitude Model
10. A composite segmentation strategy that uses both geographic variables (zip codes - neighborhoods or blocks) and demographic variables (income - occupation - value or residence) to identify target markets
Cross-Cultural Consumer Analysis
Geodemographic Clusters
Consumer Involvement
Medium
11. The process by which we recover information from long-term storage
Retrieval
Market Maven
Cognitive Associative Learning
Sleeper Effect
12. A model that proposes that a consumer forms various feelings (affects) and judgments (cognition) as the result of exposure to an advertisement - which - in turn - affect the consumer's attitude toward the ad and beliefs and attitudes toward the br
Value-Expressive Function
Attitude-Toward-Object Model
Market Maven
Attitude-Toward-the-Ad Models
13. A source of communication that speaks on behalf of an organization - either a for-profit or a not-for-profit organization
Ego-Defensive Function
Formal Communication Source
Single-Variable Indexes
Intention-to-Buy Scales
14. The response given to a communicated message - whether a spoken reply - nonverbal communication - or some other variant
Stimulus Discrimination
Communication Feedback
Exploitive Targeting
PRIZM NE
15. Priorities and codes of conduct that both affects and reflects the character of American society
Cognitive Learning
Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM)
Core Values
Source Credibility
16. Originally defined as a person whom the message receiver knows personally - such as a parent or friend who gives product information or advice - today it includes people who influence one's consumption via online social networks
Comparative Advertising
Core Values
Informal Communication Source
Central Route to Persuasion
17. An anthropological measurement technique that focuses on observing behavior within a natural environment (often without the subjects awareness)
Field Observation
Stimulus Generalization
Buzz Agents
Sale Effects
18. The number of consumers exposed to a message and how they react
Behavioral Learning
Consumer Ethics
Global Strategy
Exposure Effects
19. Advertising that explicitly names or otherwise identifies one or more competitors of the advertised brand for the purpose of claiming superiority - either on an overall basis or on selected product groupings
Addressable Advertising
Broadcast Model
Comparative Advertising
Defensive Attribution
20. A promotional theory that proposes that highly involved consumers are best reached through ads that focus on the specific attributes of the product
Attitude-Toward-Behavior Model
Central Route to Persuasion
Viral Marketing
Determined Detractors
21. A component of the functional approach to attitude-change theory that suggest that consumers have a strong need to know and understand the people and products with which they come into contact
Sleeper Effect
Local Strategy
Family Branding
Knowledge Function
22. The creation of a strong association between conditional stimulus and the unconditional stimulu requiring (1) forward conditioning; (2) repeated pairings of the CS and US; (3) a CS and US that logically belong together; (4) a CS that is novel and unf
Neo-Pavlovian Conditioning
Mixed Strategies
Sleeper Effect
Socioeconomic Status Score
23. Without active involvement - individuals process and store right-brain (non-verbal - pictorial) information
Local Strategy
Positive Reinforcement
Passive Learning
Hemispheric Lateralizatio
24. The approximately 71 million Americans who were born between the years of 1977 and 1994 (the children of the baby boomers)
Generation Y
Informal Communication Source
Hemispheric Lateralizatio
Ego-Defensive Function
25. A self-administered inventory consisting of 18 "terminal" values (personal goals) and 18 "instrumental" values (wasy of reaching personal goals
Branded Entertainment
Rokeach Value Survey
Addressable Messages
Encoding
26. A communication channel - generally classified as either impersonal (mass medium) and interpersonal (conversations between people)
Medium
Theory-of-Reasoned-Action (TRA) Model
Consumer Ethics
Retrieval
27. The consumer is shown an ad and asked whether he or she remembers seeing it and recalls any of its salient points
Addressable Messages
Field Observation
Covert - Masked or Stealth Marketing
Aided Recall
28. A composite index of geographic and socioeconomic factors expressed in residential zip-code neighborhoods from which geodemographic consumer segments are formed
World Brand
Advertising Wearout
PRIZM NE
Baby Boomers
29. An evaluation of how the order that advertisements are viewed affects how consumers respond to them; for example - TV commercials shown in the middle of a sequence are recalled less than those at the beginning or end
Order Effects
Local Strategy
Addressable Messages
Attribution Theory
30. A theory of attitude change that suggests individuals form attitudes that are consistent with their own prior behavior
Order Effects
Foot-In-The-Door Technique
Institutional Advertising
Cognitive Associative Learning
31. Advertising designed to promote a favorable company image rather than specific products
Broadcast Model
Attitudinal Measures
Tricomponent Attitude Model
Institutional Advertising
32. Reinforcement performed before the desired consumer behavior actually takes place - increases the probabilities that certain desired customers behavior will occur
Classical Conditioning
Shaping
Cognitive Ages
Addressable Advertising
33. When consumers feel that another person is responsible for either positive or negative product performance
Marketing Ethics
Attributions Toward Others
Licensing
Stimulus Discrimination
34. Persistent critics of marketers who initiate bad publicity online
Behavioral Learning
Determined Detractors
Global Strategy
Addressable Advertising
35. Uninvoled consumers can be attracted through peripheral advertising cues such as the model or the setting
Consumer Fieldwork
Classical Conditioning
Objective Measures
Peripheral Route to Persuasion
36. A more dynamic communication technology - sometimes called alternative or nontraditional media - characterized by addressibility - interactivity - and response measurability
New Media
Index of Status Characteristics
Knowledge Function
Subjective Measures
37. Mostly refers to advertising by premier online merchants who analyze the purchase behaviors of their users and utilize this data to make customized recommendations to individual users about future offerings.
Content Analysis
Foot-In-The-Door Technique
Branded Entertainment
Addressable Advertising
38. A weighted measure of the following socioeconomic variables: occupation - source of income - house type - and dwelling area (quality of neighborhood)
Peripheral Route to Persuasion
Index of Status Characteristics
Cognitive Ages
Local Strategy
39. A component of the functional approach to attitude-change that suggests that consumers want to protect their self-concepts from inner feelings of doubt
Communication Feedback
Composite-Variable Indexes
Ego-Defensive Function
Attributions Toward Things
40. The perception a consumer has of a product based on where it is manufactured - due to reputation or personal biases
Attitudinal Measures
Country-of-Origin Effects
Global Strategy
Aided Recall
41. A comprehensive theory of the interrelationship among attitudes - intentions and behavior
Theory-of-Reasoned-Action (TRA) Model
Negative Reinforcement
Field Observation
Door-In-The-Face Technique
42. The premise that observable responses to specific external stimuli signal that learning has taken place
Stimulus-Response Learning
Participant Observers
Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM)
Sale Effects
43. A model that proposes that a consumer's attitude toward a product or brand is a function of the presence of certain attributes and the consumer's evaluation of those attributes
Passive Learning
Media Strategy
Attitude-Toward-Object Model
Product Standardization
44. Well-known brand names; have become global "cultural icons" and enjoy powerful advantages over the competition
Megabrands
Institutional Advertising
Covert - Masked or Stealth Marketing
Global Strategy
45. Marketing messages and promotional materials that appear to come from independent parties - although they are sent by marketers
Covert - Masked or Stealth Marketing
Defensive Attribution
Informal Communication Source
Passive Learning
46. Developed by the US Bureau of the Census - which combines three basic socioeconomic variables: occupation - family income - and educational attainment
Field Observation
Attribution Theory
Product Standardization
Socioeconomic Status Score
47. Consumers who agree to promote products by bringing them to family gatherings - suggesting to store owners that they stock the items - reading certain books in public - and finding other ways to create "buzz" about a product
Buzz Agents
Composite-Variable Indexes
Multiattribute Attitude Models
Source Credibility
48. According to Pavlovian theory - conditioned learning results when a stimulus paired with another stimulus that elicits a known response serves to product the same response by itself
Classical Conditioning
Baby Boomers
Instrumental (operant) Conditioning
Core Values
49. The consumer is asked whether he or she has read a particular magazine/seen a particular TV show and can recall any of the ads seen in them
Country-of-Origin Effects
Unaided Recall
Viral Marketing
Societal Marketing Concept
50. The point at which an individual can become satiated with numerous exposures and both attention and retention decline
Utilitarian Function
Advertising Wearout
Behavioral Learning
Attributions Toward Things