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Test your basic knowledge |
Consumer Behavior
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. All ads that reach the consumer online and on any mobile communication devices such as PDAs - cell phones and smartphones (aka mobile advertising)
Attributions Toward Others
Tricomponent Attitude Model
Persuasion Effects
Consumer Generated Media
2. Individuals whose influence stems from a general knowledge and market expertise that lead to an early awareness of new products and services
Passive Learning
Market Maven
Stimulus Generalization
Physiological Measures
3. A theory of attitude change that suggests individuals form attitudes that are consistent with their own prior behavior
Socioeconomic Status Score
Modeling (observational/vicarious learning)
Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM)
Foot-In-The-Door Technique
4. The consumer is shown an ad and asked whether he or she remembers seeing it and recalls any of its salient points
Encoding
Aided Recall
Door-In-The-Face Technique
Tricomponent Attitude Model
5. Attitudes consist of three major components: cognitive component - an affective component - and a conative component
Sleeper Effect
Composite-Variable Indexes
Socialization of Family Members
Tricomponent Attitude Model
6. A theory concerned with how people assign causality to events - and form or alter their attitudes after assessing their own or other people's behaviors
Attribution Theory
Tricomponent Attitude Model
Attitude-Toward-Behavior Model
Central Route to Persuasion
7. The learning of associations among events through classical conditioning that allows the organism to anticipate and represent its environment
Broadcast Model
Instrumental (operant) Conditioning
Cognitive Associative Learning
Core Values
8. When two brand names are featured on a single product
Behavioral Learning
Co-Branding
Socialization Agent
Chunking
9. A weighted measure of the following socioeconomic variables: occupation - source of income - house type - and dwelling area (quality of neighborhood)
Cognitive Associative Learning
Internal Attributions
Index of Status Characteristics
Co-Branding
10. A model that proposes that a consumer's attitude toward a specific behavior is a function of how strongly he or she believes that the action will lead to a specific outcome
Socioeconomic Status Score
Traditional Family Life Cycle
Field Observation
Attitude-Toward-Behavior Model
11. Messages that can be customized and addressed to various receivers. different receivers can get varied renderings of the same basic message
Addressable Messages
Societal Marketing Concept
Determined Detractors
Advertising Resonance
12. A cognitive theory of human learning patterned after a computer information processing that focuses on how information is stored in human memory and how it is retrieved
Societal Marketing Concept
Marketing Ethics
Information Processing
Cognitive Dissonance Theory
13. A component of the functional approach to attitude-change theory that suggests that attitudes express consumers' general values - lifestyles - and outlook
Value-Expressive Function
Medium
Order Effects
Hemispheric Lateralizatio
14. The ability to select a specific stimulus from among similar stimuli because of perceived differences
Generation X
Stimulus Discrimination
Branded Entertainment
Hemispheric Lateralizatio
15. A way to track bodily responses to stimuli - in an effort to see which products generate the most positive response
Interference Effects
Physiological Measures
Positive Reinforcement
Hemispheric Lateralizatio
16. An index that combines a number of socioeconomic variables (such as education - income - occupation) to form one overall measure of social class standing
Persuasion Effects
New Media
Baby Boomers
Composite-Variable Indexes
17. A source of communication that speaks on behalf of an organization - either a for-profit or a not-for-profit organization
Licensing
Recognition and Recall Tests
Formal Communication Source
Chunking
18. Theories based on the premise that learning takes place as the result of observable responses to external stimuli
Communication Feedback
Socialization Agent
Attribution Theory
Behavioral Learning
19. A model that proposes that a consumer forms various feelings (affects) and judgments (cognition) as the result of exposure to an advertisement - which - in turn - affect the consumer's attitude toward the ad and beliefs and attitudes toward the br
Negative Reinforcement
Attitude-Toward-the-Ad Models
Attributions Toward Things
Hemispheric Lateralizatio
20. Psychographic/demographic descriptions of the audience of a specific medium
Modeling (observational/vicarious learning)
Theory-of-Reasoned-Action (TRA) Model
Global Strategy
Audience Profile
21. Standardizing both product and communications programs when conducting business on a global basis
Attitude-Toward-the-Ad Models
Theory of Planned Behavior
Global Strategy
Advertising Resonance
22. The creation of a strong association between conditional stimulus and the unconditional stimulu requiring (1) forward conditioning; (2) repeated pairings of the CS and US; (3) a CS and US that logically belong together; (4) a CS that is novel and unf
Class Consciousness
Shaping
Baby Boomers
Neo-Pavlovian Conditioning
23. Others behave in response to certain situations (stimuli) and the ensuing results (reinforcement) that occur - and they imitate (model) the positively reinforced behavior when faced with similar situations
Consumer Socialization
Sale Effects
Stimulus Discrimination
Modeling (observational/vicarious learning)
24. Focused on the degree of personal relevance that the product or purchase holds for the consumer
Consumer Involvement
Central Route to Persuasion
Addressable Advertising
Corrective Advertising
25. Consumers who agree to promote products by bringing them to family gatherings - suggesting to store owners that they stock the items - reading certain books in public - and finding other ways to create "buzz" about a product
Attitude-Toward-Behavior Model
Content Analysis
Buzz Agents
Shaping
26. Individuals born between 1946 and 1964 (approx. 40% of the adult population)
Global Strategy
Baby Boomers
Covert - Masked or Stealth Marketing
Knowledge Function
27. Caused by confusion with competing ads - and make informational retrieval difficult
Social Status
Interference Effects
Theory of Planned Behavior
Intention-to-Buy Scales
28. Researchers who participate in the environment that they are studying without notifying those who are being observed
Attribution Theory
Medium
Global Strategy
Participant Observers
29. Learning theory in which the basic premise is that the righta dn left hemispheres of the brain "specialize" in the kinds of information that they process
Social Class
Source Credibility
Medium
Hemispheric Lateralizatio
30. A communication channel - generally classified as either impersonal (mass medium) and interpersonal (conversations between people)
Content Analysis
Attitude-Toward-the-Ad Models
Consumer Socialization
Medium
31. A marketing strategy that combines elements of the global and local marketing strategies - offering either a customized message and uniform product - or a uniform message and customized product
Objective Measures
Exposure Effects
Information Processing
Mixed Strategies
32. The response given to a communicated message - whether a spoken reply - nonverbal communication - or some other variant
Megabrands
Stimulus Discrimination
New Media
Communication Feedback
33. A more dynamic communication technology - sometimes called alternative or nontraditional media - characterized by addressibility - interactivity - and response measurability
World Brand
New Media
Socioeconomic Status Score
Ego-Defensive Function
34. Attribution theory suggests that some people attribute their success in performing certain tasks to their own skills
Internal Attributions
Stimulus Generalization
Attributions Toward Things
Core Values
35. An anthropological measurement technique that focuses on observing behavior within a natural environment (often without the subjects awareness)
Covert - Masked or Stealth Marketing
Product Standardization
Field Observation
Social Status
36. A model that proposes that a consumer's attitude toward a product or brand is a function of the presence of certain attributes and the consumer's evaluation of those attributes
Attitude-Toward-Object Model
Advertising Wearout
Communication Feedback
Institutional Advertising
37. Designing - packageing - pricing - advertising - and distributing products in such a way that negative consequences to consumers - employees - and society in general are avoided
New Media
Attitudinal Measures
Marketing Ethics
Country-of-Origin Effects
38. The amount of status members of one social class have in comparison with members of other social classes
Mixed Strategies
Social Status
Central Route to Persuasion
Covert - Masked or Stealth Marketing
39. Wordplay - often used to create a double meaning - used in combination with a relevant picture
Covert - Masked or Stealth Marketing
Advertising Resonance
Composite-Variable Indexes
Sex Roles
40. A theory of learning based on mental information processing - often in response to problem solving
Cognitive Associative Learning
Foot-In-The-Door Technique
Cognitive Learning
Traditional Family Life Cycle
41. A self-administered inventory consisting of 18 "terminal" values (personal goals) and 18 "instrumental" values (wasy of reaching personal goals
Rokeach Value Survey
Product Standardization
Social Class
Rehearsal
42. A behavioral theory of learning based on a trial-and-error process - with habits formed as the result of positive experiences resulting from specific behaviors
Tricomponent Attitude Model
Instrumental (operant) Conditioning
Generation X
Socialization of Family Members
43. A comprehensive theory of the interrelationship among attitudes - intentions and behavior
Branded Entertainment
Consumer Generated Media
Theory-of-Reasoned-Action (TRA) Model
Advertising Wearout
44. Research to determine the extent to which consumers of two or more nations are similar in relation to specific consumption behavior
Cross-Cultural Consumer Analysis
Aided Recall
Index of Status Characteristics
Intention-to-Buy Scales
45. Marketing messages and promotional materials that appear to come from independent parties - although they are sent by marketers
Covert - Masked or Stealth Marketing
Comparative Advertising
Utilitarian Function
Megabrands
46. The premise that observable responses to specific external stimuli signal that learning has taken place
Cognitive Learning
Addressable Messages
Stimulus-Response Learning
Geodemographic Clusters
47. An attitude-change theory that classifies attitudes in terms of four functions: utilitarian - ego-defensive - value-expressive - and knowledge functions
Intention-to-Buy Scales
Theory of Planned Behavior
Functional Approach
Knowledge Function
48. Traits and tendencies often associated with a particular gender; for example - masculine traits include aggressiveness and competitiveness - whereas feminine traits include neatness - tactfulness - gentleness and talkativeness
Sex Roles
Core Values
Value-Expressive Function
Societal Marketing Concept
49. An orientation for assessing whether to use a global versus local marketing strategy concentration on high-tech to high-touch continuum
Attributions Toward Things
Product Standardization
Advertising Resonance
Self-Perception Theory
50. The sum total of learned beliefs - values and customs that serve to direct the consumer behavior of members of a particular society
Cognitive Dissonance Theory
Communication Feedback
Country-of-Origin Effects
Culture