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Consumer Behavior
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Subject
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business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Messages that can be customized and addressed to various receivers. different receivers can get varied renderings of the same basic message
Defensive Attribution
Addressable Messages
Stimulus Discrimination
Socioeconomic Status Score
2. Determination if an advertisement increased a product's sales
Interference Effects
Sale Effects
Culture
Medium
3. Well-known brand names; have become global "cultural icons" and enjoy powerful advantages over the competition
Functional Approach
Advertising Resonance
Megabrands
Foot-In-The-Door Technique
4. Consumers who agree to promote products by bringing them to family gatherings - suggesting to store owners that they stock the items - reading certain books in public - and finding other ways to create "buzz" about a product
Product Standardization
Rehearsal
Buzz Agents
Marketing Ethics
5. Determination if the marketing message was correctly receiver - understood - and interpreted
Persuasion Effects
Neo-Pavlovian Conditioning
Peripheral Route to Persuasion
Baby Boomers
6. Aka product placement - a marketing technique in which a product is integrated into a TV show or film through its use by the characters
Branded Entertainment
Class Consciousness
Consumer Involvement
Socialization Agent
7. Mostly refers to advertising by premier online merchants who analyze the purchase behaviors of their users and utilize this data to make customized recommendations to individual users about future offerings.
Addressable Advertising
Functional Approach
Encoding
Product Standardization
8. A composite segmentation strategy that uses both geographic variables (zip codes - neighborhoods or blocks) and demographic variables (income - occupation - value or residence) to identify target markets
Consumer Fieldwork
Door-In-The-Face Technique
Sex Roles
Geodemographic Clusters
9. A method for systematically analyzing the content of verbal and/or pictorial communication. the method is frequently used to determine prevailing social values of a society in a particular era under study
Content Analysis
Ego-Defensive Function
Consumer Socialization
Branded Entertainment
10. A component of the functional approach to attitude-change theory that suggest that consumers have a strong need to know and understand the people and products with which they come into contact
Viral Marketing
Knowledge Function
Passive Learning
Social Class
11. Observational research by anthropologists of the behaviors of a small sample of people from a particular society
Consumer Fieldwork
Door-In-The-Face Technique
Functional Approach
Medium
12. Tests conducted to determine whether consumers remember seeing an ad - the extent to which they have read it or seen it and can recall its content - their resulting attitudes toward the product and the brand - and their purchase intentions
Recognition and Recall Tests
Branded Entertainment
Social Class
Chunking
13. Without active involvement - individuals process and store right-brain (non-verbal - pictorial) information
Institutional Advertising
Theory-of-Reasoned-Action (TRA) Model
Defensive Attribution
Passive Learning
14. Advertising designed to promote a favorable company image rather than specific products
Differential Decay
Institutional Advertising
Attitude-Toward-Object Model
Market Maven
15. Unethical marketing directed to groups that are especially vulnerable to undue influence by advertising - such as children and persons of lesser education
Composite-Variable Indexes
Broadcast Model
Exploitive Targeting
Covert - Masked or Stealth Marketing
16. The premise that observable responses to specific external stimuli signal that learning has taken place
Central Route to Persuasion
Stimulus-Response Learning
Retrieval
Cognitive Dissonance Theory
17. A promotional theory that proposes that highly involved consumers are best reached through ads that focus on the specific attributes of the product
Country-of-Origin Effects
Field Observation
Negative Reinforcement
Central Route to Persuasion
18. The practice of encouraging individuals to pass on an email message to others - thus creating the potential for exponential growth in the message's exposure and infuence
Knowledge Function
Viral Marketing
Retrieval
Passive Learning
19. A composite index of geographic and socioeconomic factors expressed in residential zip-code neighborhoods from which geodemographic consumer segments are formed
Exploitive Targeting
Attitude-Toward-Object Model
PRIZM NE
Theory-of-Reasoned-Action (TRA) Model
20. The ability to select a specific stimulus from among similar stimuli because of perceived differences
Stimulus Discrimination
Self-Perception Theory
Institutional Advertising
Peripheral Route to Persuasion
21. All ads that reach the consumer online and on any mobile communication devices such as PDAs - cell phones and smartphones (aka mobile advertising)
Covert - Masked or Stealth Marketing
Consumer Generated Media
Buzz Agents
Addressable Messages
22. A feeling of social-group membership that reflects an individual's sense of belonging or identification with others
Generation Y
Branded Entertainment
Class Consciousness
Comparative Advertising
23. The silent - mental repetition of material
Rehearsal
Door-In-The-Face Technique
Source Credibility
Instrumental (operant) Conditioning
24. A component of the functional approach to attitude-change theory that suggests that attitudes express consumers' general values - lifestyles - and outlook
Sex Roles
Hemispheric Lateralizatio
Value-Expressive Function
Socialization Agent
25. Recasts the theory-of-reasoned-action model by replacing actual behavior with trying to behave as the variable to be explained and/or predicted
Objective Measures
Behavioral Learning
Determined Detractors
Theory of Trying to Consume
26. The consumer is shown an ad and asked whether he or she remembers seeing it and recalls any of its salient points
Generation X
Aided Recall
Attitude-Toward-Object Model
Comparative Advertising
27. Others behave in response to certain situations (stimuli) and the ensuing results (reinforcement) that occur - and they imitate (model) the positively reinforced behavior when faced with similar situations
Addressable Advertising
Modeling (observational/vicarious learning)
Source Credibility
Buzz Agents
28. A form of retraction or clarification a company must issue when it makes false or misleading claims in its advertising
Corrective Advertising
Defensive Attribution
Exploitive Targeting
Index of Status Characteristics
29. A theory concerned with how people assign causality to events - and form or alter their attitudes after assessing their own or other people's behaviors
Attribution Theory
Encoding
Attributions Toward Things
External Attributions
30. An orientation for assessing whether to use a global versus local marketing strategy concentration on high-tech to high-touch continuum
Product Standardization
Physiological Measures
Cognitive Learning
Social Status
31. The process by which the sender (or source) of a communication message selects and assigns words or visual images to represent the message's contents
Tricomponent Attitude Model
Behavioral Learning
Encoding
Exploitive Targeting
32. The perceived honesty and objectivity of the source of the communication
Mixed Strategies
External Attributions
Consumer Generated Media
Source Credibility
33. A marketing strategy that combines elements of the global and local marketing strategies - offering either a customized message and uniform product - or a uniform message and customized product
Positive Reinforcement
Mixed Strategies
Advertising Wearout
Index of Status Characteristics
34. An individual's perceived age (usually 10 to 15 years younger than his chronological age)
Classical Conditioning
Rokeach Value Survey
Cognitive Ages
Attributions Toward Things
35. Priorities and codes of conduct that both affects and reflects the character of American society
Generation X
Core Values
Index of Status Characteristics
Positive Reinforcement
36. A component of the functional approach to attitude-change that suggests that consumers want to protect their self-concepts from inner feelings of doubt
PRIZM NE
Ego-Defensive Function
Unaided Recall
Attitude-Toward-Behavior Model
37. A source of communication that speaks on behalf of an organization - either a for-profit or a not-for-profit organization
Formal Communication Source
Cognitive Ages
Addressable Advertising
Attitude-Toward-Behavior Model
38. An anthropological measurement technique that focuses on observing behavior within a natural environment (often without the subjects awareness)
Order Effects
Utilitarian Function
Attributions Toward Things
Field Observation
39. Researchers who participate in the environment that they are studying without notifying those who are being observed
Self-Perception Theory
Consumer Involvement
Theory of Trying to Consume
Participant Observers
40. Individuals born between 1946 and 1964 (approx. 40% of the adult population)
Source Amnesia
Retrieval
Baby Boomers
Advertising Wearout
41. Individuals whose influence stems from a general knowledge and market expertise that lead to an early awareness of new products and services
Market Maven
Central Route to Persuasion
Covert - Masked or Stealth Marketing
Tricomponent Attitude Model
42. Individuals inferences or judgements as to the causes of their own behavior
Door-In-The-Face Technique
External Attributions
Co-Branding
Self-Perception Theory
43. Products that are manufactured - packaged - and positioned the same way regardless of the country in which they are sold
Country-of-Origin Effects
World Brand
Attributions Toward Others
Covert - Masked or Stealth Marketing
44. A behavioral theory of learning based on a trial-and-error process - with habits formed as the result of positive experiences resulting from specific behaviors
Instrumental (operant) Conditioning
Determined Detractors
Branded Entertainment
Megabrands
45. Customizing both product and communications programs by area or country when conducting business on a global basis
Local Strategy
Shaping
Cognitive Dissonance Theory
Country-of-Origin Effects
46. A theory that suggest the memory of a negative cue simply decays faster than the message itself - leaving behind the primary message content
Cognitive Learning
Narrowcast Messages
Classical Conditioning
Differential Decay
47. An evaluation of how the order that advertisements are viewed affects how consumers respond to them; for example - TV commercials shown in the middle of a sequence are recalled less than those at the beginning or end
Stimulus Discrimination
Functional Approach
Chunking
Order Effects
48. When consumers feel that another person is responsible for either positive or negative product performance
Attributions Toward Others
Theory of Planned Behavior
Retrieval
Cognitive Dissonance Theory
49. A more dynamic communication technology - sometimes called alternative or nontraditional media - characterized by addressibility - interactivity - and response measurability
Negative Reinforcement
New Media
Attributions Toward Things
Chunking
50. A model that proposes that a consumer's attitude toward a specific behavior is a function of how strongly he or she believes that the action will lead to a specific outcome
Megabrands
Index of Status Characteristics
Cognitive Learning
Attitude-Toward-Behavior Model
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