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Test your basic knowledge |
Consumer Behavior
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Individuals whose influence stems from a general knowledge and market expertise that lead to an early awareness of new products and services
Exposure Effects
Core Values
Market Maven
Composite-Variable Indexes
2. Messages that can be customized and addressed to various receivers. different receivers can get varied renderings of the same basic message
Addressable Messages
Societal Marketing Concept
Interference Effects
Consumer Socialization
3. A promotional theory that proposes that highly involved consumers are best reached through ads that focus on the specific attributes of the product
Central Route to Persuasion
Consumer Fieldwork
Class Consciousness
Social Status
4. Recasts the theory-of-reasoned-action model by replacing actual behavior with trying to behave as the variable to be explained and/or predicted
Theory of Trying to Consume
Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM)
Advertising Resonance
Audience Profile
5. The use of a single socioeconomic variable (such as income) to estimate an individual's relative social class
Single-Variable Indexes
Consumer Fieldwork
Core Values
Attributions Toward Others
6. An attitude-change theory that classifies attitudes in terms of four functions: utilitarian - ego-defensive - value-expressive - and knowledge functions
Functional Approach
Intention-to-Buy Scales
Modeling (observational/vicarious learning)
Neo-Pavlovian Conditioning
7. An evaluation of how the order that advertisements are viewed affects how consumers respond to them; for example - TV commercials shown in the middle of a sequence are recalled less than those at the beginning or end
Theory of Planned Behavior
Order Effects
Hemispheric Lateralizatio
Consumer Generated Media
8. Products that are manufactured - packaged - and positioned the same way regardless of the country in which they are sold
Rehearsal
Content Analysis
World Brand
Utilitarian Function
9. The perception a consumer has of a product based on where it is manufactured - due to reputation or personal biases
Shaping
Negative Reinforcement
Positive Reinforcement
Country-of-Origin Effects
10. Advertising designed to promote a favorable company image rather than specific products
Medium
Institutional Advertising
Marketing Ethics
Core Values
11. A cognitive theory of human learning patterned after a computer information processing that focuses on how information is stored in human memory and how it is retrieved
Unaided Recall
Physiological Measures
Internal Attributions
Information Processing
12. The process - started in childhood - by which an individual learns the skills and attitudes relevant to consumer purchase behavior
Field Observation
Consumer Socialization
Marketing Ethics
Broadcast Model
13. An individual's perceived age (usually 10 to 15 years younger than his chronological age)
Cognitive Ages
Market Maven
Stimulus Discrimination
Defensive Attribution
14. A feeling of social-group membership that reflects an individual's sense of belonging or identification with others
Retrieval
Sleeper Effect
Class Consciousness
Attitude-Toward-Object Model
15. A model that proposes that a consumer's attitude toward a product or brand is a function of the presence of certain attributes and the consumer's evaluation of those attributes
Information Processing
Advertising Resonance
Attitude-Toward-Object Model
Stimulus Discrimination
16. Portrays consumers' attitudes with regard to an attitude object as a function of consumers perception and assessment of key attributes or beliefs held with regard to the particular attitude object
Multiattribute Attitude Models
Social Status
Broadcast Model
Ego-Defensive Function
17. The division of members of a society into a hierarchy of distinct status classes - so that members of each class have either higher or lower status than members of other classes
Participant Observers
Addressable Advertising
Social Class
Megabrands
18. When two brand names are featured on a single product
Order Effects
External Attributions
Formal Communication Source
Co-Branding
19. Reinforcement performed before the desired consumer behavior actually takes place - increases the probabilities that certain desired customers behavior will occur
Class Consciousness
Shaping
Exposure Effects
Cognitive Dissonance Theory
20. Psychographic/demographic descriptions of the audience of a specific medium
Consumer Ethics
Socioeconomic Status Score
Audience Profile
Attitude-Toward-the-Ad Models
21. A composite segmentation strategy that uses both geographic variables (zip codes - neighborhoods or blocks) and demographic variables (income - occupation - value or residence) to identify target markets
Modeling (observational/vicarious learning)
Geodemographic Clusters
Persuasion Effects
Socialization of Family Members
22. A way to track bodily responses to stimuli - in an effort to see which products generate the most positive response
Exposure Effects
Informal Communication Source
Physiological Measures
Negative Reinforcement
23. Marketing messages and promotional materials that appear to come from independent parties - although they are sent by marketers
Covert - Masked or Stealth Marketing
Order Effects
Cross-Cultural Consumer Analysis
Internal Attributions
24. Theories based on the premise that learning takes place as the result of observable responses to external stimuli
Interference Effects
Self-Perception Theory
Behavioral Learning
Addressable Advertising
25. A marketing strategy that combines elements of the global and local marketing strategies - offering either a customized message and uniform product - or a uniform message and customized product
Unaided Recall
Index of Status Characteristics
Mixed Strategies
Aided Recall
26. A model that proposes that a consumer's attitude toward a specific behavior is a function of how strongly he or she believes that the action will lead to a specific outcome
Differential Decay
Intention-to-Buy Scales
Aided Recall
Attitude-Toward-Behavior Model
27. A theory that suggests that a person's level of involvement during message processing is a critical factor in determining which route to persuasion is likely to be effective
Medium
Cognitive Associative Learning
Composite-Variable Indexes
Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM)
28. Allowing a well-known brand name to be affixed to products of another manufacturer
New Media
Instrumental (operant) Conditioning
Licensing
Source Credibility
29. Tests conducted to determine whether consumers remember seeing an ad - the extent to which they have read it or seen it and can recall its content - their resulting attitudes toward the product and the brand - and their purchase intentions
Recognition and Recall Tests
PRIZM NE
Buzz Agents
Content Analysis
30. Persistent critics of marketers who initiate bad publicity online
Branded Entertainment
Determined Detractors
Rokeach Value Survey
Content Analysis
31. A component of the functional approach to attitude-change that suggests that consumers want to protect their self-concepts from inner feelings of doubt
Stimulus-Response Learning
Socioeconomic Status Score
Ego-Defensive Function
Traditional Family Life Cycle
32. Observational research by anthropologists of the behaviors of a small sample of people from a particular society
Viral Marketing
Consumer Fieldwork
Consumer Generated Media
Social Class
33. Determination if the marketing message was correctly receiver - understood - and interpreted
Advertising Wearout
Sleeper Effect
Persuasion Effects
Socialization of Family Members
34. A behavioral theory of learning based on a trial-and-error process - with habits formed as the result of positive experiences resulting from specific behaviors
Intention-to-Buy Scales
Neo-Pavlovian Conditioning
Socialization of Family Members
Instrumental (operant) Conditioning
35. A component of the functional approach to attitude-change theory that suggests consumers hold certain attitudes partly because of the brand's utility
Consumer Involvement
Utilitarian Function
Sex Roles
Traditional Family Life Cycle
36. Focused on the degree of personal relevance that the product or purchase holds for the consumer
Family Branding
World Brand
Socioeconomic Status Score
Consumer Involvement
37. Discomfort or dissonance occurs when a consumer holds conflicting thoughts about a belief or an attitude object
Content Analysis
Cognitive Dissonance Theory
Licensing
Attributions Toward Things
38. Uninvoled consumers can be attracted through peripheral advertising cues such as the model or the setting
Global Strategy
Peripheral Route to Persuasion
Knowledge Function
Exploitive Targeting
39. Consumers judge a products performance and attribute its success or failure to the product itself
Attributions Toward Things
Central Route to Persuasion
Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM)
Intention-to-Buy Scales
40. A progression of stages through which many families pass. the five traditional FLC stages are bachelorhood - honeymooners - parenthood - post-parenthood - and dissolution
Consumer Socialization
Medium
Attitude-Toward-the-Ad Models
Traditional Family Life Cycle
41. The sum total of learned beliefs - values and customs that serve to direct the consumer behavior of members of a particular society
Negative Reinforcement
Culture
Generation Y
Branded Entertainment
42. A self-administered inventory consisting of 18 "terminal" values (personal goals) and 18 "instrumental" values (wasy of reaching personal goals
Cross-Cultural Consumer Analysis
Addressable Messages
Rokeach Value Survey
Peripheral Route to Persuasion
43. Learning theory in which the basic premise is that the righta dn left hemispheres of the brain "specialize" in the kinds of information that they process
Media Strategy
Hemispheric Lateralizatio
Local Strategy
Foot-In-The-Door Technique
44. A component of the functional approach to attitude-change theory that suggest that consumers have a strong need to know and understand the people and products with which they come into contact
Culture
Generation Y
Knowledge Function
Covert - Masked or Stealth Marketing
45. A communication channel - generally classified as either impersonal (mass medium) and interpersonal (conversations between people)
Encoding
Objective Measures
Consumer Involvement
Medium
46. A theory of attitude change that suggests individuals form attitudes that are consistent with their own prior behavior
Information Processing
Foot-In-The-Door Technique
New Media
Attitude-Toward-Object Model
47. The placement of ads in the specific media read - viewed - or heard by each targeted audience - based on consumer profile
Market Maven
Media Strategy
New Media
Viral Marketing
48. Researchers who participate in the environment that they are studying without notifying those who are being observed
Country-of-Origin Effects
Advertising Resonance
Participant Observers
Attitude-Toward-the-Ad Models
49. Advertising technique in which all the viewers of a given TV show or readers of a magazine receiver the same advertising content
Core Values
Objective Measures
Broadcast Model
Social Class
50. The consumer is shown an ad and asked whether he or she remembers seeing it and recalls any of its salient points
Media Strategy
Buzz Agents
Instrumental (operant) Conditioning
Aided Recall