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Test your basic knowledge |
Consumer Behavior
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The number of consumers exposed to a message and how they react
Exposure Effects
Global Strategy
Functional Approach
Attitude-Toward-Object Model
2. Originally defined as a person whom the message receiver knows personally - such as a parent or friend who gives product information or advice - today it includes people who influence one's consumption via online social networks
Covert - Masked or Stealth Marketing
Societal Marketing Concept
Informal Communication Source
Socialization of Family Members
3. Individuals inferences or judgements as to the causes of their own behavior
Traditional Family Life Cycle
Communication Feedback
Self-Perception Theory
Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM)
4. The use of a single socioeconomic variable (such as income) to estimate an individual's relative social class
Cognitive Associative Learning
Stimulus Discrimination
Single-Variable Indexes
Product Standardization
5. A model that proposes that a consumer forms various feelings (affects) and judgments (cognition) as the result of exposure to an advertisement - which - in turn - affect the consumer's attitude toward the ad and beliefs and attitudes toward the br
Attitude-Toward-the-Ad Models
Traditional Family Life Cycle
Recognition and Recall Tests
Viral Marketing
6. A model that proposes that a consumer's attitude toward a specific behavior is a function of how strongly he or she believes that the action will lead to a specific outcome
Attitude-Toward-the-Ad Models
Attitude-Toward-Behavior Model
Defensive Attribution
Licensing
7. Well-known brand names; have become global "cultural icons" and enjoy powerful advantages over the competition
Global Strategy
Narrowcast Messages
Megabrands
Value-Expressive Function
8. Attribution theory suggests that consumers are likely to credit their successes to outside sources
Addressable Messages
Shaping
Mixed Strategies
External Attributions
9. Allowing a well-known brand name to be affixed to products of another manufacturer
Cognitive Associative Learning
Cognitive Dissonance Theory
Licensing
Interference Effects
10. Products that are manufactured - packaged - and positioned the same way regardless of the country in which they are sold
World Brand
Attribution Theory
Local Strategy
Co-Branding
11. Portrays consumers' attitudes with regard to an attitude object as a function of consumers perception and assessment of key attributes or beliefs held with regard to the particular attitude object
Exposure Effects
Multiattribute Attitude Models
Communication Feedback
Objective Measures
12. The learning of associations among events through classical conditioning that allows the organism to anticipate and represent its environment
Socialization of Family Members
Cognitive Associative Learning
Internal Attributions
Viral Marketing
13. Without active involvement - individuals process and store right-brain (non-verbal - pictorial) information
Behavioral Learning
Information Processing
Broadcast Model
Passive Learning
14. Phenomenon in which people forget the source of a message buy remember the message itself
Country-of-Origin Effects
Internal Attributions
Source Amnesia
Informal Communication Source
15. Tests conducted to determine whether consumers remember seeing an ad - the extent to which they have read it or seen it and can recall its content - their resulting attitudes toward the product and the brand - and their purchase intentions
Modeling (observational/vicarious learning)
Advertising Wearout
Door-In-The-Face Technique
Recognition and Recall Tests
16. A component of the functional approach to attitude-change theory that suggests that attitudes express consumers' general values - lifestyles - and outlook
Consumer Generated Media
Value-Expressive Function
Class Consciousness
Attributions Toward Things
17. Attribution theory suggests that some people attribute their success in performing certain tasks to their own skills
Interference Effects
Internal Attributions
Single-Variable Indexes
External Attributions
18. A marketing strategy that combines elements of the global and local marketing strategies - offering either a customized message and uniform product - or a uniform message and customized product
Central Route to Persuasion
Information Processing
Value-Expressive Function
Mixed Strategies
19. A comprehensive theory of the interrelationship among attitudes - intentions and behavior
Cognitive Learning
Cognitive Associative Learning
Attribution Theory
Theory-of-Reasoned-Action (TRA) Model
20. Focused on the degree of personal relevance that the product or purchase holds for the consumer
Advertising Wearout
Knowledge Function
Country-of-Origin Effects
Consumer Involvement
21. Determination if an advertisement increased a product's sales
Mixed Strategies
Differential Decay
Functional Approach
Sale Effects
22. The ability to select a specific stimulus from among similar stimuli because of perceived differences
Tricomponent Attitude Model
Generation X
Hemispheric Lateralizatio
Stimulus Discrimination
23. An individual's perceived age (usually 10 to 15 years younger than his chronological age)
Subjective Measures
Licensing
Cognitive Ages
Attributions Toward Things
24. A composite segmentation strategy that uses both geographic variables (zip codes - neighborhoods or blocks) and demographic variables (income - occupation - value or residence) to identify target markets
Sleeper Effect
Informal Communication Source
Attributions Toward Things
Geodemographic Clusters
25. The process by which the sender (or source) of a communication message selects and assigns words or visual images to represent the message's contents
Encoding
Social Class
Ego-Defensive Function
Order Effects
26. Traits and tendencies often associated with a particular gender; for example - masculine traits include aggressiveness and competitiveness - whereas feminine traits include neatness - tactfulness - gentleness and talkativeness
Sex Roles
Positive Reinforcement
Sleeper Effect
Global Strategy
27. The creation of a strong association between conditional stimulus and the unconditional stimulu requiring (1) forward conditioning; (2) repeated pairings of the CS and US; (3) a CS and US that logically belong together; (4) a CS that is novel and unf
Consumer Generated Media
Neo-Pavlovian Conditioning
Objective Measures
Formal Communication Source
28. Determination if the marketing message was correctly receiver - understood - and interpreted
Co-Branding
Persuasion Effects
Behavioral Learning
Local Strategy
29. When consumers recode what they have already encoded to include largest amounts of information
Generation Y
Chunking
Branded Entertainment
Persuasion Effects
30. A series of personal evaluations an individual uses to put himself or herself into a social class
Sleeper Effect
Megabrands
Order Effects
Subjective Measures
31. A theory of learning based on mental information processing - often in response to problem solving
Viral Marketing
Cognitive Learning
Marketing Ethics
Cognitive Ages
32. A component of the functional approach to attitude-change theory that suggests consumers hold certain attitudes partly because of the brand's utility
Generation X
New Media
Utilitarian Function
Encoding
33. A way to track bodily responses to stimuli - in an effort to see which products generate the most positive response
Source Credibility
Rehearsal
Physiological Measures
Instrumental (operant) Conditioning
34. Priorities and codes of conduct that both affects and reflects the character of American society
Socialization of Family Members
Source Amnesia
Order Effects
Core Values
35. A theory that suggests that a person's level of involvement during message processing is a critical factor in determining which route to persuasion is likely to be effective
Advertising Resonance
Co-Branding
Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM)
Covert - Masked or Stealth Marketing
36. A theory concerned with how people assign causality to events - and form or alter their attitudes after assessing their own or other people's behaviors
Attribution Theory
External Attributions
Consumer Fieldwork
Advertising Wearout
37. Advertising that explicitly names or otherwise identifies one or more competitors of the advertised brand for the purpose of claiming superiority - either on an overall basis or on selected product groupings
Cognitive Dissonance Theory
Comparative Advertising
Stimulus Generalization
Global Strategy
38. A self-administered inventory consisting of 18 "terminal" values (personal goals) and 18 "instrumental" values (wasy of reaching personal goals
Advertising Wearout
Defensive Attribution
Positive Reinforcement
Rokeach Value Survey
39. An evaluation of how the order that advertisements are viewed affects how consumers respond to them; for example - TV commercials shown in the middle of a sequence are recalled less than those at the beginning or end
Formal Communication Source
Peripheral Route to Persuasion
Order Effects
Consumer Ethics
40. The tendency for persuasive communications to lose the impact of source credibility over time (example - the influence of a message from a high credibility source tends to decrease over time; the influence of a message from a low credibility source
Negative Reinforcement
Local Strategy
Persuasion Effects
Sleeper Effect
41. A theory that suggest the memory of a negative cue simply decays faster than the message itself - leaving behind the primary message content
Differential Decay
Door-In-The-Face Technique
Local Strategy
Utilitarian Function
42. Messages that can be customized and addressed to various receivers. different receivers can get varied renderings of the same basic message
Marketing Ethics
Comparative Advertising
Socioeconomic Status Score
Addressable Messages
43. The sum total of learned beliefs - values and customs that serve to direct the consumer behavior of members of a particular society
Encoding
Physiological Measures
Shaping
Culture
44. Mostly refers to advertising by premier online merchants who analyze the purchase behaviors of their users and utilize this data to make customized recommendations to individual users about future offerings.
Comparative Advertising
Social Status
Sale Effects
Addressable Advertising
45. The practice of marketing a whole line of company products under the same brand name
Sex Roles
Family Branding
Baby Boomers
Buzz Agents
46. The consumer is shown an ad and asked whether he or she remembers seeing it and recalls any of its salient points
Global Strategy
Stimulus-Response Learning
Multiattribute Attitude Models
Aided Recall
47. The process - started in childhood - by which an individual learns the skills and attitudes relevant to consumer purchase behavior
Attitude-Toward-Behavior Model
Socialization Agent
Viral Marketing
Consumer Socialization
48. A feeling of social-group membership that reflects an individual's sense of belonging or identification with others
Megabrands
Door-In-The-Face Technique
Attribution Theory
Class Consciousness
49. A process that includes imparting to children and other family members the basic values and modes of behavior consistent with the culture
Corrective Advertising
Addressable Advertising
Socialization of Family Members
Consumer Socialization
50. Reinforcement performed before the desired consumer behavior actually takes place - increases the probabilities that certain desired customers behavior will occur
Comparative Advertising
Tricomponent Attitude Model
Consumer Ethics
Shaping