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Test your basic knowledge |
Consumer Behavior
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Researchers who participate in the environment that they are studying without notifying those who are being observed
Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM)
Participant Observers
Tricomponent Attitude Model
Foot-In-The-Door Technique
2. A form of retraction or clarification a company must issue when it makes false or misleading claims in its advertising
Corrective Advertising
Viral Marketing
Tricomponent Attitude Model
Modeling (observational/vicarious learning)
3. A theory of learning based on mental information processing - often in response to problem solving
Multiattribute Attitude Models
Retrieval
Cognitive Learning
Rehearsal
4. The response given to a communicated message - whether a spoken reply - nonverbal communication - or some other variant
Country-of-Origin Effects
Communication Feedback
Neo-Pavlovian Conditioning
Socioeconomic Status Score
5. Attribution theory suggests that some people attribute their success in performing certain tasks to their own skills
Internal Attributions
Social Class
Encoding
Marketing Ethics
6. A model that proposes that a consumer's attitude toward a product or brand is a function of the presence of certain attributes and the consumer's evaluation of those attributes
Negative Reinforcement
Generation X
Cross-Cultural Consumer Analysis
Attitude-Toward-Object Model
7. A way to track bodily responses to stimuli - in an effort to see which products generate the most positive response
Intention-to-Buy Scales
Physiological Measures
New Media
Marketing Ethics
8. The sum total of learned beliefs - values and customs that serve to direct the consumer behavior of members of a particular society
Aided Recall
Differential Decay
Culture
Consumer Fieldwork
9. The practice of marketing a whole line of company products under the same brand name
Traditional Family Life Cycle
Socioeconomic Status Score
Generation X
Family Branding
10. Selected fact-based demographic or socioeconomic variables (such as occupation - income - education level) that are used to classify individuals in terms of social class
Addressable Advertising
Objective Measures
Physiological Measures
Sleeper Effect
11. Marketing messages and promotional materials that appear to come from independent parties - although they are sent by marketers
Socioeconomic Status Score
Cognitive Associative Learning
Culture
Covert - Masked or Stealth Marketing
12. Persistent critics of marketers who initiate bad publicity online
Self-Perception Theory
Chunking
Socialization Agent
Determined Detractors
13. Psychographic/demographic descriptions of the audience of a specific medium
Cognitive Learning
Audience Profile
Differential Decay
Social Class
14. A more dynamic communication technology - sometimes called alternative or nontraditional media - characterized by addressibility - interactivity - and response measurability
New Media
Market Maven
Utilitarian Function
Sleeper Effect
15. Without active involvement - individuals process and store right-brain (non-verbal - pictorial) information
Classical Conditioning
Source Credibility
Passive Learning
Cross-Cultural Consumer Analysis
16. Portrays consumers' attitudes with regard to an attitude object as a function of consumers perception and assessment of key attributes or beliefs held with regard to the particular attitude object
Negative Reinforcement
Attitude-Toward-Object Model
Instrumental (operant) Conditioning
Multiattribute Attitude Models
17. When consumers feel that another person is responsible for either positive or negative product performance
Instrumental (operant) Conditioning
Cross-Cultural Consumer Analysis
Attributions Toward Others
Shaping
18. Originally defined as a person whom the message receiver knows personally - such as a parent or friend who gives product information or advice - today it includes people who influence one's consumption via online social networks
Rokeach Value Survey
Informal Communication Source
Licensing
Generation Y
19. A method for systematically analyzing the content of verbal and/or pictorial communication. the method is frequently used to determine prevailing social values of a society in a particular era under study
New Media
Content Analysis
Cognitive Ages
Passive Learning
20. Standardizing both product and communications programs when conducting business on a global basis
Defensive Attribution
Global Strategy
Corrective Advertising
Subjective Measures
21. A theory that suggest the memory of a negative cue simply decays faster than the message itself - leaving behind the primary message content
Theory-of-Reasoned-Action (TRA) Model
Attribution Theory
Differential Decay
Core Values
22. Designing - packageing - pricing - advertising - and distributing products in such a way that negative consequences to consumers - employees - and society in general are avoided
Socialization Agent
Marketing Ethics
Differential Decay
Local Strategy
23. A self-administered inventory consisting of 18 "terminal" values (personal goals) and 18 "instrumental" values (wasy of reaching personal goals
Addressable Messages
Global Strategy
Interference Effects
Rokeach Value Survey
24. Advertising that explicitly names or otherwise identifies one or more competitors of the advertised brand for the purpose of claiming superiority - either on an overall basis or on selected product groupings
Branded Entertainment
Comparative Advertising
Behavioral Learning
Informal Communication Source
25. Developed by the US Bureau of the Census - which combines three basic socioeconomic variables: occupation - family income - and educational attainment
Consumer Fieldwork
Baby Boomers
Cross-Cultural Consumer Analysis
Socioeconomic Status Score
26. Born between 1965-1979 - post baby boomer segment
Generation X
Cognitive Ages
Social Class
Local Strategy
27. Unethical marketing directed to groups that are especially vulnerable to undue influence by advertising - such as children and persons of lesser education
Exploitive Targeting
Interference Effects
Baby Boomers
Classical Conditioning
28. Wordplay - often used to create a double meaning - used in combination with a relevant picture
Advertising Wearout
Instrumental (operant) Conditioning
Advertising Resonance
Information Processing
29. A situation in which a large - costly - or high first request that is probably refused is followed by a second - more realistic - less costly request
Neo-Pavlovian Conditioning
Attributions Toward Others
Attitude-Toward-Behavior Model
Door-In-The-Face Technique
30. Advertising designed to promote a favorable company image rather than specific products
Socialization Agent
Determined Detractors
Functional Approach
Institutional Advertising
31. A component of the functional approach to attitude-change theory that suggest that consumers have a strong need to know and understand the people and products with which they come into contact
Knowledge Function
Branded Entertainment
External Attributions
Social Status
32. Measures concerned with consumers' overall feelings about the product and the brand and their purchase intentions
Attitudinal Measures
Sex Roles
Social Status
Internal Attributions
33. An extension of the TRA model which includes an additional factor leading to intention - a customer's perception whether a behavior is within his or her control
Cognitive Associative Learning
PRIZM NE
Theory of Planned Behavior
Attributions Toward Others
34. A component of the functional approach to attitude-change theory that suggests that attitudes express consumers' general values - lifestyles - and outlook
Value-Expressive Function
Medium
Determined Detractors
Mixed Strategies
35. A model that proposes that a consumer forms various feelings (affects) and judgments (cognition) as the result of exposure to an advertisement - which - in turn - affect the consumer's attitude toward the ad and beliefs and attitudes toward the br
Foot-In-The-Door Technique
Objective Measures
Attitude-Toward-the-Ad Models
Media Strategy
36. An attitude-change theory that classifies attitudes in terms of four functions: utilitarian - ego-defensive - value-expressive - and knowledge functions
Differential Decay
Geodemographic Clusters
Functional Approach
Consumer Fieldwork
37. Consumers who agree to promote products by bringing them to family gatherings - suggesting to store owners that they stock the items - reading certain books in public - and finding other ways to create "buzz" about a product
Class Consciousness
Informal Communication Source
Formal Communication Source
Buzz Agents
38. A series of personal evaluations an individual uses to put himself or herself into a social class
Subjective Measures
Covert - Masked or Stealth Marketing
Ego-Defensive Function
Viral Marketing
39. When two brand names are featured on a single product
Product Standardization
Attitudinal Measures
Co-Branding
Sleeper Effect
40. A promotional theory that proposes that highly involved consumers are best reached through ads that focus on the specific attributes of the product
Institutional Advertising
Order Effects
Product Standardization
Central Route to Persuasion
41. The process - started in childhood - by which an individual learns the skills and attitudes relevant to consumer purchase behavior
Consumer Socialization
Determined Detractors
Differential Decay
Classical Conditioning
42. Attitudes consist of three major components: cognitive component - an affective component - and a conative component
Attributions Toward Others
Index of Status Characteristics
Single-Variable Indexes
Tricomponent Attitude Model
43. The creation of a strong association between conditional stimulus and the unconditional stimulu requiring (1) forward conditioning; (2) repeated pairings of the CS and US; (3) a CS and US that logically belong together; (4) a CS that is novel and unf
Attitudinal Measures
Neo-Pavlovian Conditioning
New Media
Socialization of Family Members
44. Reinforcement performed before the desired consumer behavior actually takes place - increases the probabilities that certain desired customers behavior will occur
Subjective Measures
Traditional Family Life Cycle
Shaping
Neo-Pavlovian Conditioning
45. A theory that suggest consumers are likely to accept credit for successful outcomes (internal attribution) and to blame other persons or products for failure (external attribution)
Branded Entertainment
Defensive Attribution
Attitude-Toward-Object Model
Hemispheric Lateralizatio
46. Others behave in response to certain situations (stimuli) and the ensuing results (reinforcement) that occur - and they imitate (model) the positively reinforced behavior when faced with similar situations
Modeling (observational/vicarious learning)
Single-Variable Indexes
Cognitive Associative Learning
Theory-of-Reasoned-Action (TRA) Model
47. According to Pavlovian theory - conditioned learning results when a stimulus paired with another stimulus that elicits a known response serves to product the same response by itself
Rokeach Value Survey
Attributions Toward Things
Classical Conditioning
Geodemographic Clusters
48. Addressable communications that are significantly more response measured than traditional broadcast measures
Attitudinal Measures
Narrowcast Messages
Source Amnesia
Mixed Strategies
49. A comprehensive theory of the interrelationship among attitudes - intentions and behavior
Formal Communication Source
Addressable Messages
Negative Reinforcement
Theory-of-Reasoned-Action (TRA) Model
50. The tendency for persuasive communications to lose the impact of source credibility over time (example - the influence of a message from a high credibility source tends to decrease over time; the influence of a message from a low credibility source
Sleeper Effect
Self-Perception Theory
Social Class
Modeling (observational/vicarious learning)