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Test your basic knowledge |
Consumer Behavior
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The premise that observable responses to specific external stimuli signal that learning has taken place
Country-of-Origin Effects
Subjective Measures
PRIZM NE
Stimulus-Response Learning
2. A weighted measure of the following socioeconomic variables: occupation - source of income - house type - and dwelling area (quality of neighborhood)
World Brand
Instrumental (operant) Conditioning
Index of Status Characteristics
Tricomponent Attitude Model
3. The learning of associations among events through classical conditioning that allows the organism to anticipate and represent its environment
Content Analysis
Cognitive Associative Learning
Ego-Defensive Function
Marketing Ethics
4. Observational research by anthropologists of the behaviors of a small sample of people from a particular society
Interference Effects
Consumer Fieldwork
Recognition and Recall Tests
Broadcast Model
5. Traits and tendencies often associated with a particular gender; for example - masculine traits include aggressiveness and competitiveness - whereas feminine traits include neatness - tactfulness - gentleness and talkativeness
Attitude-Toward-Behavior Model
Exploitive Targeting
Recognition and Recall Tests
Sex Roles
6. Selected fact-based demographic or socioeconomic variables (such as occupation - income - education level) that are used to classify individuals in terms of social class
Objective Measures
World Brand
Participant Observers
Index of Status Characteristics
7. Phenomenon in which people forget the source of a message buy remember the message itself
Theory-of-Reasoned-Action (TRA) Model
Addressable Messages
Recognition and Recall Tests
Source Amnesia
8. The process by which we recover information from long-term storage
Retrieval
Narrowcast Messages
Shaping
Rokeach Value Survey
9. A comprehensive theory of the interrelationship among attitudes - intentions and behavior
Unaided Recall
Theory-of-Reasoned-Action (TRA) Model
Social Status
Co-Branding
10. A feeling of social-group membership that reflects an individual's sense of belonging or identification with others
Generation X
Class Consciousness
Functional Approach
Marketing Ethics
11. Advertising technique in which all the viewers of a given TV show or readers of a magazine receiver the same advertising content
New Media
Social Status
Broadcast Model
Internal Attributions
12. A model that proposes that a consumer forms various feelings (affects) and judgments (cognition) as the result of exposure to an advertisement - which - in turn - affect the consumer's attitude toward the ad and beliefs and attitudes toward the br
Determined Detractors
Broadcast Model
Index of Status Characteristics
Attitude-Toward-the-Ad Models
13. A communication channel - generally classified as either impersonal (mass medium) and interpersonal (conversations between people)
Utilitarian Function
Attitude-Toward-Behavior Model
Medium
Addressable Messages
14. Recasts the theory-of-reasoned-action model by replacing actual behavior with trying to behave as the variable to be explained and/or predicted
Aided Recall
Recognition and Recall Tests
Rokeach Value Survey
Theory of Trying to Consume
15. A cognitive theory of human learning patterned after a computer information processing that focuses on how information is stored in human memory and how it is retrieved
Interference Effects
Information Processing
Passive Learning
Cognitive Ages
16. An evaluation of how the order that advertisements are viewed affects how consumers respond to them; for example - TV commercials shown in the middle of a sequence are recalled less than those at the beginning or end
Order Effects
Self-Perception Theory
Media Strategy
Attitude-Toward-Object Model
17. A form of retraction or clarification a company must issue when it makes false or misleading claims in its advertising
Consumer Ethics
Internal Attributions
Corrective Advertising
Consumer Fieldwork
18. A theory concerned with how people assign causality to events - and form or alter their attitudes after assessing their own or other people's behaviors
Institutional Advertising
Marketing Ethics
Attribution Theory
Passive Learning
19. Products that are manufactured - packaged - and positioned the same way regardless of the country in which they are sold
Exposure Effects
World Brand
Behavioral Learning
Consumer Ethics
20. Priorities and codes of conduct that both affects and reflects the character of American society
Core Values
Consumer Involvement
Information Processing
Generation Y
21. An attitude-change theory that classifies attitudes in terms of four functions: utilitarian - ego-defensive - value-expressive - and knowledge functions
Functional Approach
Socioeconomic Status Score
Foot-In-The-Door Technique
Class Consciousness
22. A component of the functional approach to attitude-change that suggests that consumers want to protect their self-concepts from inner feelings of doubt
Medium
Ego-Defensive Function
Socialization of Family Members
Sleeper Effect
23. A situation in which a large - costly - or high first request that is probably refused is followed by a second - more realistic - less costly request
Behavioral Learning
Stimulus Discrimination
Door-In-The-Face Technique
Peripheral Route to Persuasion
24. An orientation for assessing whether to use a global versus local marketing strategy concentration on high-tech to high-touch continuum
Megabrands
Broadcast Model
Product Standardization
Attitude-Toward-the-Ad Models
25. The amount of status members of one social class have in comparison with members of other social classes
Baby Boomers
Buzz Agents
Traditional Family Life Cycle
Social Status
26. The use of a single socioeconomic variable (such as income) to estimate an individual's relative social class
Global Strategy
Single-Variable Indexes
Rehearsal
Field Observation
27. An anthropological measurement technique that focuses on observing behavior within a natural environment (often without the subjects awareness)
Product Standardization
Field Observation
Passive Learning
Country-of-Origin Effects
28. A component of the functional approach to attitude-change theory that suggests that attitudes express consumers' general values - lifestyles - and outlook
Source Credibility
Value-Expressive Function
Field Observation
Internal Attributions
29. A theory that suggests that a person's level of involvement during message processing is a critical factor in determining which route to persuasion is likely to be effective
Cognitive Learning
Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM)
Product Standardization
Retrieval
30. Consumers judge a products performance and attribute its success or failure to the product itself
Attributions Toward Things
Source Credibility
Hemispheric Lateralizatio
Theory-of-Reasoned-Action (TRA) Model
31. Focused on the degree of personal relevance that the product or purchase holds for the consumer
Media Strategy
Consumer Involvement
Social Status
Determined Detractors
32. Allowing a well-known brand name to be affixed to products of another manufacturer
Licensing
Marketing Ethics
Socialization of Family Members
Foot-In-The-Door Technique
33. Customizing both product and communications programs by area or country when conducting business on a global basis
Single-Variable Indexes
Local Strategy
Advertising Wearout
Instrumental (operant) Conditioning
34. The practice of marketing a whole line of company products under the same brand name
Shaping
Comparative Advertising
Family Branding
Media Strategy
35. An individual's perceived age (usually 10 to 15 years younger than his chronological age)
Generation X
Attitude-Toward-the-Ad Models
Cognitive Ages
Communication Feedback
36. A progression of stages through which many families pass. the five traditional FLC stages are bachelorhood - honeymooners - parenthood - post-parenthood - and dissolution
Sex Roles
Traditional Family Life Cycle
Consumer Fieldwork
Rehearsal
37. The placement of ads in the specific media read - viewed - or heard by each targeted audience - based on consumer profile
Index of Status Characteristics
Internal Attributions
Media Strategy
Defensive Attribution
38. Caused by confusion with competing ads - and make informational retrieval difficult
Stimulus Discrimination
Hemispheric Lateralizatio
Licensing
Interference Effects
39. A promotional theory that proposes that highly involved consumers are best reached through ads that focus on the specific attributes of the product
Country-of-Origin Effects
Objective Measures
Central Route to Persuasion
Passive Learning
40. An unpleasant or negative outcome that also serves to encourage a specific behavior
Determined Detractors
Theory of Planned Behavior
Negative Reinforcement
Corrective Advertising
41. Portrays consumers' attitudes with regard to an attitude object as a function of consumers perception and assessment of key attributes or beliefs held with regard to the particular attitude object
Attitude-Toward-Object Model
Stimulus Generalization
Licensing
Multiattribute Attitude Models
42. A behavioral theory of learning based on a trial-and-error process - with habits formed as the result of positive experiences resulting from specific behaviors
Addressable Advertising
Instrumental (operant) Conditioning
Classical Conditioning
Global Strategy
43. Individuals whose influence stems from a general knowledge and market expertise that lead to an early awareness of new products and services
Market Maven
Order Effects
Theory-of-Reasoned-Action (TRA) Model
Ego-Defensive Function
44. The creation of a strong association between conditional stimulus and the unconditional stimulu requiring (1) forward conditioning; (2) repeated pairings of the CS and US; (3) a CS and US that logically belong together; (4) a CS that is novel and unf
Neo-Pavlovian Conditioning
Peripheral Route to Persuasion
Modeling (observational/vicarious learning)
Consumer Ethics
45. The process by which the sender (or source) of a communication message selects and assigns words or visual images to represent the message's contents
Core Values
Encoding
Order Effects
Single-Variable Indexes
46. Persistent critics of marketers who initiate bad publicity online
Determined Detractors
Single-Variable Indexes
Formal Communication Source
Objective Measures
47. Making the same response to a slightly different stimuli
Exposure Effects
Knowledge Function
Composite-Variable Indexes
Stimulus Generalization
48. Others behave in response to certain situations (stimuli) and the ensuing results (reinforcement) that occur - and they imitate (model) the positively reinforced behavior when faced with similar situations
Modeling (observational/vicarious learning)
Stimulus-Response Learning
Behavioral Learning
Socialization Agent
49. Research to determine the extent to which consumers of two or more nations are similar in relation to specific consumption behavior
Traditional Family Life Cycle
Societal Marketing Concept
Cross-Cultural Consumer Analysis
Source Credibility
50. Originally defined as a person whom the message receiver knows personally - such as a parent or friend who gives product information or advice - today it includes people who influence one's consumption via online social networks
Informal Communication Source
Rokeach Value Survey
PRIZM NE
Sale Effects