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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The trapping of heat by carbon dioxide or other gases in the Earth's atmosphere.
greehouse effects
Sb spiral galaxy
Light Gathering Power
Annular Eclipse
2. Hot cells of gas that rise and fall in the hotosphere
Granules
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
Electromagnetic Radiation: Microwave
roche limit
3. Consists of old red stars in slow orbits that plunge through disk and bulge. about 1% are old - round globular clusters.
Halo
Parallax
Blackbody
Planck time
4. The oldest part of the Milky Way
Hipparchus
dark matter
Halo
Resolving Power
5. Orbit in Jupiters orbit
meteor shower
Superior planets
radio galaxy
Trojan asteroids
6. The wavelengths where a specific element can absorb or emit light.
Terrestrial Planets
Spectral Lines
White Dwarf
planetesimal
7. Radiation given off by electrons accelerating in a magnetic field
Cassegrain Focus
condensation temperature
Geocentric
Synchrotron Rotation
8. Norhern lowlands- darker in color and have far fewer craters as if an ancient sea or ice field covered them. southern highlands- much higher in density of craters.
Neutron Star
force
smallest diameter
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
9. The philosophical stand that says a simpler explanation is more likely to be correct than a complicated one.
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10. The 'edge' of the universe. Light beyond this has not reached us yet.
Big Crunch
Winter Solstice
Sidereal Day
partile horizon
11. What are the three possible geometries of the universe?
Prominence
Open - flat - and closed.
Black Hole
Electromagnetic Radiation: Visible Light
12. The north-south line passing directly overhead through the zenith.
Meridian
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
Dark matter is located at center of clusters - pulling the cluster members into faster orbits--dark matter gravity keeps objects in galxies bound.
Liquid metallic hydrogen
13. That which is responsible for Jupiter's magnetic field
Penumbra
Liquid metallic hydrogen
Disk
Cassini division
14. Distribution of dust (tells us disk is thin) - find distances to O&B stars and H2 regions (arms are sights of star formation and OB stars live and die at location of birth) -Milky way has four arms. Sun is in spur apart from arms.
Ground State
bulge
disk
mapping the structure of Milky Way disk
15. Europa
H-are Diagram
Seyfert galaxy
Synchrotron Rotation
MOONS: roundest shape
16. Formed rapidly - collapsed slower into disk shape - star birth rate is low but lasts longer and ongoing - contain higher mass blue stars.
shape and color of SPIRAL galaxies
acceleration
Meridian
anorthosite
17. When a planet lines up with the sun inthe sky
The Big Bang Theory resolves Olber's Paradox
conjunction
Doppler Shift
Degeneracy
18. A continuous spectrum of light missing energy at a few wave lengths.
Absorption Spectrum
Open - flat - and closed.
greehouse effects
Gamma ray bursts
19. The time when the universe cooled sufficiently for atoms to exist. radiation dominated= first 300000 years - THEN era of recombination turns into matter dominated for next.
era of recombination
Limb darkening
Terrestrial Planets
Density Wave
20. The measure of a variable star's apparent magnitude as it brightens and dims with time
radiation dominated universe
rotation curve = dark matter?
Light Curve
partile horizon
21. The law that describes the blackbody curve - and let to quantum mechanics.
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22. A distance measure determined by the shifting of a star against the background sky every 6 months.
accretion
It does not have to expand into anything. It might just be that the 3 dimensions of space are getting bigger. It may also be that our 3 spatial dimensions are expanding into higher dimensions if such things exist.
Brown dwarf
Parsec
23. Light scattered through the atmosphere that degrades astronomical images
roche limit
Dark matter candidates
Resolving Power
Light Pollution
24. Mercury
thinnest atmosphere
Light-Year
Lagrangian Razor
Hyashi track
25. The Greek philosopher responsible for making the stellar magnitude scale.
most eccentric orbit
Convection
Hipparchus
Thickest atmosphere
26. A toroidal or donut-shaped collection of material attracted to a central body like a star or black hole. Dust around an object
Gravitational Lens
accretion disk
Instability strip
Roundest orbit
27. Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune
quarks
Jovian Planets
Brown dwarf
Triple Alpha rocess
28. The first rock-sized bodies that formed in the solar nebula from dust grains
chondrite
standard candle
neutrino
Metals
29. The movement of the Earth's crustal plates riding on top of the mantle.
plate tectonics
The Big Bang Theory
CNO Cycle
Negative - Diverge - Less than 1
30. The area behind a lens where images are resolved
evidence of water on mars
Focal Plane
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
cosmic fireball
31. Stars orvits do not define the spiral patterns - instead they are density waves that move at slower speeds (arms are defined by young O and B stars and gas clouds)
Parsec
open star clusters
How is winding dilemma solved?
Photon
32. 1-orbit aroudn the sun 2- are in hydrostatic equilibrium and 'mostly round' 3- have not cleared debris around its orbit 4- are not satellites
Instability strip
Light Pollution
Dwarf planets
Earth resurfaces itself due to erosion and plate tectonics - while the moon has neither.
33. A very distant - star-like object with huge - broad emission lines. Probably the nucleus of a distant active galaxy.
smallest diameter
Nucleus
quasar
Liquid metallic hydrogen
34. A point in the sky where meteors appear to come from during a shower
MOONS: largest size
Big Bang
radiant
Winter Solstice
35. Wave- only waves cause an interference pattern when passing through a double slit - particle- only particles deposit energy at specific locations (the way an image builds up on digital camera)
Apparent Magnitude
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
Total Eclipse
Light: travels like a wave - detected like a particle
36. Venus
Roundest orbit
differential rotation
How is winding dilemma solved?
Kirkwood gaps
37. A long-lived high-pressure bulge in Jupiter's southern hemisphere
White Dwarf
great red spot
terrestrial planet
A family of radiant energy- includes light
38. In Ptolemy's geocentric solar system - the small circle on which a planet moved.
meteor shower
epicycle
Winter Solstice
radio lobe
39. Population 1 with higher metals and contain many young stars in star clusters. Distribution of stars is everywhere in disk (arms only have 5% more stars)
general star population
Spectroscopic parallax
Bok Globule
Negative - Diverge - Less than 1
40. The dimming of starlight by intervening dust
Interstellar Extinction
Precession
Metals
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
41. The entity responsible for spiral arms in grand-design spiral galaxies
Parallax
Self-Propogating Star Formation
Density Wave
Energy Level
42. The powdered stone fragments that make up the lunar 'soil'
Main Sequence Stars
Titus-Bode Law
regolith
The Local Group
43. The elementary building blocks from which protons and neutrons are formed.
tectonics of Earth
MOONS: roundest shape
quarks
anorthosite
44. Extremely round - lots of liquid water - ice rafts on surface ACTIVE SURFACE
smallest diameter
Enke gap
Bulge
Europa (Jupiters moon)
45. The point where a superior planet is as far away from the sun as it can be (as seen from the Earth)
Color Index
cosmological principle
Terrestrial Planets
opposition
46. A technique using computer-controlled mirrors to sharpen images distorted by the atmosphere
Ionization
Rich vs poor clusters
Hubble law
Active Optics
47. The elementary building blocks from which protons and neutrons are formed.
tectonics of Venus
bulge
quarks
Titus-Bode Law
48. What do we think the actual fate of the universe will be and why do we think this?
Nebula
opposition
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
Electromagnetic Radiation: Infrared
49. The rotation period of the Earth measured relative to the Sun.
meteorite
Shepherd satellite
Nebula
Synodic Day
50. Sc galaxies where star formation and destruction is so rapid that supernova explosions are mainly responsible for compressing gas to create new stars.
Cassegrain Focus
self-propagating star formation
Celestial Equator
Roundest orbit