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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Light-colored high-pressure bands in Jupiter's atmosphere
nova
zone
Kuiper belt
radio lobe
2. Saturn
OB Associations
least dense
asteroid
Eyepiece Lens
3. A very distant - star-like object with huge - broad emission lines. Probably the nucleus of a distant active galaxy.
Supernova (You can be my supernova girl)
quasar
Apollo asteroids
nucleus
4. The average distance between the Earth and the Sun (=1.5 x10^8km)
Astronomical Unit
epicycle
belt
cosmic fireball
5. The telescope configuration that has the focus placed at the back of the primary mirror
Cassegrain Focus
Horizontal Branch Star
force
Light-Year
6. The place in the sky that the Earth's axis points toward (can be either north or south)
Colestial Pole
cosmological red shift
MOONS: most geologically active
Void
7. The organized effort to find life elsewhere in the universe. (Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence)
Black Hole
chondrite
SETI
MOONS: most geologically active
8. 1μm 100 nm
Gravity only pulls matter back together. Therefore - if gravity is the only force that operates on cosmic scales then the expansion of the universe should decrease with time. The critical density is the value of matter density sufficient to halt the
Instability strip
Electromagnetic Radiation: Visible Light
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
9. Rich= dense crowded cores of galaxies - poor= few members and a looser organization of galaxies
Metals
Rich vs poor clusters
rotation curve = dark matter?
plate tectonics
10. 10 cm -> 1 mm
Granules
Electromagnetic Radiation: Microwave
Primary Mirror
Sc spiral galaxy
11. Very center of galaxy. suggestion of a black hole
fastest rotation
nucleus
Trojan asteroids
radiation dominated universe
12. Massive compact halo objects (MACHO) - weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPY's)
Dark matter candidates
interstellar dust
Apollo asteroids
Liquid metallic hydrogen
13. Small compact stars called white dwarfs can have material deposited on their surfaces. In time material heats up and explodes in surface nuclear reaction- star brightens - settles - repeats.
nova
Trojan asteroids
Kirkwood gaps
Yes - frozen at the poles- remains protected from the suns rays
14. Population 1 with higher metals and contain many young stars in star clusters. Distribution of stars is everywhere in disk (arms only have 5% more stars)
general star population
self-propagating star formation
If it is in a denser medium - such as glass - it will move slower
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
15. A small round distribution of gas surrounding a dying star
Planetary Nebula
slowest rotation
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
16. In a CLOSED UNIVERSE - the curvature of space-time is _________. Parallel beams will converge/diverge/remain parallel (circle one). The density parameter - Ω0 - is _____.
solar nebula
Coronal Loop
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
Pulsar
17. What causes the zones and belts on jupiter and saturn?
cosmological red shift
Limb darkening
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
Hipparchus
18. A toroidal or donut-shaped collection of material attracted to a central body like a star or black hole. Dust around an object
accretion disk
Europa (Jupiters moon)
most eccentric orbit
Lagrangian Razor
19. Approximate speed of light in a vacuum
Supernova (You can be my supernova girl)
300000 KM/sec
Disk
deferent
20. The relation that tells how light dims with distance.
Triple Alpha rocess
direct motion
Inverse Square Law
Hyashi track
21. When a planet lines up with the sun inthe sky
zone
Blackbody Curve
nova
conjunction
22. Jupiter
planetesimal
Light Curve
Black Hole
Largest diameter
23. The law that syas light energy from a blackbody increases as (temperature^4)
Color Index
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
Meridian
Stephen-Boltzman Law
24. The equation that describes how matter equates with energy
semimajor axis
HII Region
scarp
E=mc2
25. The projection of the Earth's equator onto the celestial sphere.
AGN
zone
Celestial Equator
quasar
26. The philosophical stand that says a simpler explanation is more likely to be correct than a complicated one.
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27. The oldest terrain on the moon
density parameter
highlands
Synchrotron Rotation
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
28. The fusion process that turns three helium nuclei into a carbon nucleus
Population 1 vs Population 2 stars
plate tectonics
Objective Lens
Triple Alpha rocess
29. Dying small mass stars lose their outer layers in a relatively gentle way - creating a round or bipolar nebula about the star (round like planets)
Eyepiece Lens
cosmological principle
Light Pollution
planetary nebula
30. A two-filter measure of the color - and hence temperature - of a star.
Ganymede (Jupiter)
Halo
Color Index
Cassegrain Focus
31. The displacement of spectral lines to redder colors caused by the expansion of the universe.
cosmological red shift
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
Plank's Law
Secondary Mirror
32. Disk dust grains are made of all the elements that are not in gaseous form in space which blocks starlight and causes interstellar extinction
Thermal Equilibrium
Dark matter is located at center of clusters - pulling the cluster members into faster orbits--dark matter gravity keeps objects in galxies bound.
interstellar dust
Make up of the jovian planets
33. Places in the asteroid belt - caused by resonance with Jupiter - where there are no asteroids
Kirkwood gaps
Olber's paradox
Synodic Day
Spectroscopy
34. An important quality of telescopes that increases as the square of the primary mirror or objective lens
White Dwarf
thinnest atmosphere
Light Gathering Power
dark matter
35. Any change in the speed or direction of an object's motion
Particle Horizon
Photosphere
acceleration
Apollo asteroids
36. The science of measuring light energy by wavelength.
widmanstatten pattern
Emission Spectrum
Hipparchus
Spectroscopy
37. Venus
Ionization
Thickest atmosphere
Sa spiral galaxy
acceleration
38. A galaxy sending out a stream of material from its nucleus
Radio Galaxy
Light-Year
The Local Group
widmanstatten pattern
39. A star that erratically and explosively brightens and dims
Blackbody Curve
Nova
MOONS: roundest shape
acceleration
40. Poitns of gravitational stability in the orbit of a planet
supermassive black hole
Lagrangian Razor
300000 KM/sec
In an expanding universe all galaxies see all other galaxies that are not gravitationally bound to them receding away. This is what we see in the Hubble Law. We infer that the Hubble law also holds true for all other galaxies.
41. A fusion process in which a carbon atom transmutes to oxygen and back - creating a helium atom in the process
Electromagnetic Radiation: Visible Light
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
Yes - frozen at the poles- remains protected from the suns rays
CNO Cycle
42. Radiation emitted when charged particles spiral rapidly in a magnetic field. come off of jets from black holes.
synchrotron radiation
inferior planets
Lagrangian Razor
Electromagnetic Radiation: Infrared
43. A very distant - star-like object with huge - broad emission lines. Probably the nucleus of a distant active galaxy.
quasar
Ground State
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
Electromagnetic Radiation: X-Ray
44. Venus
evidence of water on mars
Atomic Number
Magnification
Thickest atmosphere
45. The movement of the Earth's crustal plates riding on top of the mantle.
Corona
Light Pollution
cosmological principle
plate tectonics
46. Small bulges - loosely wound - massive arms - arms have many H2 regions and look very lumpy
Magnification
Apollo asteroids
greatest elongation
Sc spiral galaxy
47. Poitns of gravitational stability in the orbit of a planet
zone
Lagrangian Razor
coma
thinnest atmosphere
48. Radiation (possibly left over from the big bang) that fills the universe. Perfect black body spectrum and tells us a bit aout how galaxies are formed.
Annular Eclipse
matter dominated universe
radiant
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
49. The force of attraction between any two objects having mass
Pulsar
gravity
Objective Lens
MOONS: largest size
50. The organization of clusters of galaxies into sheets and strings
Quasar
OB Associations
Supercluster
rotation curve = dark matter?