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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The movement of the Earth's crustal plates riding on top of the mantle.
dark matter
Coldest surface
plate tectonics
cosmic singularity
2. The shadow behind the Earth or Moon where the Sun is partially obscured.
Penumbra
Light: travels like a wave - detected like a particle
Focal Length
rotation curve = dark matter?
3. Titan
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
SETI
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
Flare
4. A term referring to the orbital character of stars near the Sun
Penumbra
regolith
Open Cluster
Differential Rotation
5. The sinking of denser elements to the center of a young molten planet
Focal Length
Dark matter is located at center of clusters - pulling the cluster members into faster orbits--dark matter gravity keeps objects in galxies bound.
chemical differentiation
Hydrostatic Equilibrium
6. Saturn
least dense
supermassive black hole
Gravity only pulls matter back together. Therefore - if gravity is the only force that operates on cosmic scales then the expansion of the universe should decrease with time. The critical density is the value of matter density sufficient to halt the
Electron
7. A large - irregularly shaped rocky object orbiting the sun mostly between mars and jupiter. Left-over planetesimals
Superior planets
asteroid
Open - flat - and closed.
tectonics of Earth
8. A rock or iron specimen that has fallen from space
meteorite
Rich Cluster
comet
Dwarf planets
9. Largest moon in solar system - two differenet types of terrain - darker terrain is older - NOT ACTIVE SURFACE
Celestial Sphere
Ganymede (Jupiter)
Jupiters red spot
Dark Matter
10. An element of a highly efficient - two-dimensional electronic light detector
Ecliptic
Pixel
solar nebula
2 Reasons Why there are Supermassive Black holes at the center of every Galaxy
11. The high- temperatature outer layer of the sun
era of recombination
Void
Gamma ray bursts
Corona
12. What causes the zones and belts on jupiter and saturn?
Spectroscopic parallax
Terrestrial Planets
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
Ole Roemer
13. The rotation period of the Earth measured relative to the stars.
Sidereal Day
High Velocity Stars
Electron
Ionization
14. Small compact stars called white dwarfs can have material deposited on their surfaces. In time material heats up and explodes in surface nuclear reaction- star brightens - settles - repeats.
Thermonuclear Fusion
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
High Velocity Stars
nova
15. Small compact stars called white dwarfs can have material deposited on their surfaces. In time material heats up and explodes in surface nuclear reaction- star brightens - settles - repeats.
deferent
synchrotron radiation
nova
Sidereal Day
16. The cosmological principle is the assumption that the universe is isotropic and homogeneous.The Big Bang assumes it to be a correct principle so that what we observe is exactly like What is too far away to be observed.
Colestial Pole
Radiative Diffusion
Cosmological Principle
Spectroscopic parallax
17. A streak of light in the atmosphere
Synchrotron Rotation
Oort cloud
meteor
Hubble law
18. A plot of star absolute magnitude verses spectral type.
Occam's razor
H-are Diagram
partile horizon
Occam's razor
19. Radiation emitted when charged particles spiral rapidly in a magnetic field. come off of jets from black holes.
synchrotron radiation
Kirkwood gaps
3 reasons we orbit satellites to observe universe
Ole Roemer
20. First accurately measured the speed of light in a vacuum
Ole Roemer
hottest surface
terrestrial planet
Flat - Flat
21. The final end state of a high mass star. .An entity for which gravity has completely overwhelmed all other forces of nature.
fusion crust
Continuous Spectrum
Black Hole
fewest moons
22. 1. We see rapid movements or high energy radiation coming at some level from the nuclei of nearly every galaxy we have looked at. 2. We suspect that the creation of these supermassive black holes is part of the galaxy formation process.
Triple Alpha rocess
fewest moons
2 Reasons Why there are Supermassive Black holes at the center of every Galaxy
nucleus
23. A force exerted by reflecting sunlight
jovian
density waves
radiation pressure
Terrestrial Planets
24. When material is heated and moves taking the heat energy with it
Oort Cloud
zone
Convection
self-propagating star formation
25. The nuclei of very distant galaxies. Likely a manifestation of supermassive black holes
Quasar
Penumbra
Wein's Law
Dark Nebula
26. The oldest terrain on the moon
Wein's Law
Vernal Equinox
Electromagnetic Radiation
highlands
27. The process responsible for creating the arms of flocculent spiral galaxies
Supernova (You can be my supernova girl)
greehouse effects
Self-Propogating Star Formation
Astronomical Unit
28. Plate tectonics due to thickness of crust and maintain their general form when they collide-where most volcanoes are.
tectonics of Earth
Wein's Law
meteor
Extrasolar Planet
29. Collections of young - hot stars
Population 1 vs Population 2 stars
OB Associations
disk
Black Hole
30. The rotation of a star or planet at different speeds at its equator and poles
differential rotation
Sidereal Day
Photosphere
Open - flat - and closed.
31. The point where a superior planet is as far away from the sun as it can be (as seen from the Earth)
Primary Mirror
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
opposition
least dense
32. Light scattered through the atmosphere that degrades astronomical images
Light Pollution
terrestrial planet
Cepheid Variable
cosmological red shift
33. What is the universe expanding into?
Coldest surface
Titus-Bode Law
Instability strip
It does not have to expand into anything. It might just be that the 3 dimensions of space are getting bigger. It may also be that our 3 spatial dimensions are expanding into higher dimensions if such things exist.
34. Half of the longest diameter across an ellipse
superclusters
Make up of the jovian planets
semimajor axis
Gravitational Lens
35. The distance between a lens and its focal plane
300000 KM/sec
Focal Length
reflection star clusters
bulge
36. 10 cm -> 1 mm
Roundest orbit
Milky way Galaxy
Electromagnetic Radiation: Microwave
Dark Matter
37. A star that has become a red giant for the second and final time. It is burning helium to carbon in a shell surrounding the core
Focal Plane
mapping the structure of Milky Way disk
Asymptotic giant Branch Star
Turn off Point
38. Material that shoots rapidly out into space. Flares cause Auroras
Flare
Plague
Ole Roemer
Apollo asteroids
39. A change in the wavelength of light caused by a motion between the observer and light (or wave) source (blue shift if getting closer - red shift if moving away)
protostar
Doppler Shift
inferior planets
Light Pollution
40. The Greek philosopher responsible for making the stellar magnitude scale.
Yes - frozen at the poles- remains protected from the suns rays
Active Optics
Hipparchus
The Big Bang Theory resolves Olber's Paradox
41. The organized effort to find life elsewhere in the universe. (Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence)
Population 1 vs Population 2 stars
SETI
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
fastest rotation
42. A planet that is closer to the sun than the earth
MOONS: roundest shape
Photosphere
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
inferior planets
43. Matter that reveals itself only through its gravitational attraction
Globular Cluster
Spectroscopic Parallax
Electromagnetic Radiation
Dark Matter
44. Dark - reddish - low-pressure bands in Jupiter's atmosphere
belt
asteroid
Flocculent spirals
E=mc2
45. 1μm 100 nm
If it is in a denser medium - such as glass - it will move slower
Electromagnetic Radiation: Visible Light
conjunction
SETI
46. When the Sun is farthest north of the celestial equator (about June 22)
matter dominated universe
CMB
Jupiters red spot
Summer Solstice
47. A method of finding a star's distance from its absolute magnitude and spectral type or color.
Parallax
Electromagnetic Radiation: Radio
High Velocity Stars
Spectroscopic Parallax
48. A planet that is farther from the sun than the Earth is
anorthosite
Superior planets
direct motion
Drake equation
49. Small moons that maintain the shape of rings around Saturn and Uranus
molecular clouds
Shepherd satellite
neutrino
Radiative Diffusion
50. The equation that describes how matter equates with energy
E=mc2
Density Wave
Electromagnetic Radiation
Flare
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