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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The fate of the universe if it is closed. The universe expanding as much as possible and then retracting
Big Crunch
Red Giant
thinnest atmosphere
Energy Level
2. The lens that gathers the light in a refractor
Callisto (Jupiter)
greehouse effects
Objective Lens
MOONS: most geologically active
3. The north-south line passing directly overhead through the zenith.
Electromagnetic Radiation: Microwave
Ground State
Meridian
Astronomical Unit
4. The oldest terrain on the moon
CCD
Supercluster
deferent
highlands
5. Dying small mass stars lose their outer layers in a relatively gentle way - creating a round or bipolar nebula about the star (round like planets)
Dark Matter
roche limit
planetary nebula
2 Reasons Why there are Supermassive Black holes at the center of every Galaxy
6. The line on an H-are diagram going from upper left to lower right where normal stars of different masses reside.
Main Sequence
CNO Cycle
Differential Rotation
tectonics of Earth
7. Then the Sun moves from north to south across the celestial equator (about September 23)
density waves
Hyashi track
Autumnal Equinox
Ganymede (Jupiter)
8. The process responsible for creating the arms of flocculent spiral galaxies
Triple Alpha rocess
cosmic fireball
Disk
Self-Propogating Star Formation
9. A fusion process in which protons build together to form helium
accretion disk
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
anorthosite
Proton-proton chain
10. Centered on the sun.
aphelion
Heliocentric
inferior planets
Supercluster
11. Any change in the speed or direction of an object's motion
Drake equation
acceleration
Bulge
tectonics of Venus
12. The Greek philosopher responsible for making the stellar magnitude scale.
Astronomical Unit
Quasar
Hipparchus
radio galaxy
13. The apparent path of the Sun through the stars on the celestial sphere.
Sidereal Day
Ecliptic
Negative - Diverge - Less than 1
Liquid metallic hydrogen
14. The study of the universe as a whole.
matter dominated universe
Void
Hubble constant
cosmology
15. Comglomerates of ice and rock that orbit the sun in highly elliptical paths
Negative - Diverge - Less than 1
self-propagating star formation
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
comet
16. The oldest part of the Milky Way
Neutron Star
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
Halo
Nowhere visible to us. If there are higher dimension then the center would be visible to someone who lives in one. If there are no higher dimensions then the center does not exist.
17. A massive variable star used to find distances to the galaxies or clusters that contain them.
evidence of water on mars
condensation temperature
Cepheid Variable
radio galaxy
18. The lowest energy of an atom.
Pulsar
Ground State
radio galaxy
Galilean satellite
19. The science of measuring the apparent magnitudes of stars by imaging them through different filters.
Photometry
Earth resurfaces itself due to erosion and plate tectonics - while the moon has neither.
Gamma ray bursts
Dark matter candidates
20. Jupiter
Drake equation
least dense
fastest rotation
Celestial Equator
21. The mass of an object divided by its volume
Celestial Sphere
Cosmological Principle
density
Europa (Jupiters moon)
22. A star that is in the process of forming. It glows from gravitational contraction
protostar
meteor shower
Red Giant
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
23. A star that has become a red giant for the second and final time. It is burning helium to carbon in a shell surrounding the core
era of recombination
Electromagnetic Radiation: Microwave
Maria
Asymptotic giant Branch Star
24. The relation that tells how light dims with distance.
Interstellar Extinction
Bulge
Coronal Loop
Inverse Square Law
25. A cloud of ionized hydrogen. Formed when young stars heat the surrounding gas
cosmic singularity
Filament
HII Region
disk
26. A small chunk of rock in space
cosmological red shift
Resolving Power
meteoriod
conjunction
27. The surface of the sun
regolith
greehouse effects
Flat - Flat
Photosphere
28. The sinking of denser elements to the center of a young molten planet
Gravity only pulls matter back together. Therefore - if gravity is the only force that operates on cosmic scales then the expansion of the universe should decrease with time. The critical density is the value of matter density sufficient to halt the
chemical differentiation
greehouse effects
Reflector
29. The source of the force that is accelerating the expansion rate of the universe.
dark energy
Big Crunch
Main Sequence Stars
Flocculent spirals
30. Consists of old red stars in slow orbits that plunge through disk and bulge. about 1% are old - round globular clusters.
Halo
Prominence
scarp
Parallax
31. The imaginary sphere centered on the Earth that hols the stars.
Oort cloud
great red spot
Hubble law
Celestial Sphere
32. The opaque universe that existed for 300000 years after the Big Bang. (photons outnumbered nuclei by 1 billion to one - so less light)
radiation dominated universe
Dark Matter
Sa spiral galaxy
Electromagnetic Radiation: Radio
33. Plate tectonics due to thickness of crust and maintain their general form when they collide-where most volcanoes are.
Thermal Equilibrium
tectonics of Earth
conjunction
neutrino
34. Largest moon in solar system - two differenet types of terrain - darker terrain is older - NOT ACTIVE SURFACE
Halo
meteor
Ganymede (Jupiter)
Granules
35. A measure of the force of gravity on an object
weight
The Big Bang Theory
rotation curve = dark matter?
If it is in a denser medium - such as glass - it will move slower
36. A change in the appearance of the sun at the edge of the solar disk
Reflector
Disk
Limb darkening
chondrite
37. A bright area of higher temperature that often proceeds the formation of sunspots.
Blackbody
Apparent Magnitude
Plague
Quasar
38. What is the universe expanding into?
acceleration
AGN
Chandrasekhar Limit
It does not have to expand into anything. It might just be that the 3 dimensions of space are getting bigger. It may also be that our 3 spatial dimensions are expanding into higher dimensions if such things exist.
39. When the Sun moves from south to north across the celestial equator (about March 21)
self-propagating star formation
Corona
Vernal Equinox
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
40. Small moons that maintain the shape of rings around Saturn and Uranus
protostar
Shepherd satellite
Particle Horizon
H2 Regions
41. A change in the wavelength of light caused by a motion between the observer and light (or wave) source (blue shift if getting closer - red shift if moving away)
Extrasolar Planet
Doppler Shift
Absolute Magnitude
Occam's razor
42. A small spherical dark nebula
Bok Globule
Enke gap
Electromagnetic Radiation
widmanstatten pattern
43. How is the Hubble Law consistent with an expanding universe?
Dwarf planets
In an expanding universe all galaxies see all other galaxies that are not gravitationally bound to them receding away. This is what we see in the Hubble Law. We infer that the Hubble law also holds true for all other galaxies.
Limb darkening
blazar
44. Venus
Roundest orbit
3 reasons we orbit satellites to observe universe
Nowhere visible to us. If there are higher dimension then the center would be visible to someone who lives in one. If there are no higher dimensions then the center does not exist.
MOONS: larger than mercury
45. How did Earth come to have an oxygen rich atmosphere?
belt
rotation curve = dark matter?
Nucleus
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
46. Distance from sun to nucleus- 8 kiloparsecs (26000 LY) - diameter of Milky way- 150000 LY - length for sun to orbit once around milky way- 250 million years
SETI
Photon
Milky way Galaxy
Seeing
47. Ganymede
MOONS: largest size
Red Giant Branch Star
acceleration
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
48. The cosmological principle is the assumption that the universe is isotropic and homogeneous.The Big Bang assumes it to be a correct principle so that what we observe is exactly like What is too far away to be observed.
Most dense
Io (jupiters moon)
Trojan asteroids
Cosmological Principle
49. A particle of light
300000 KM/sec
Photon
thinnest atmosphere
Hyashi track
50. The equation that describes how matter equates with energy
coma
Hipparchus
E=mc2
molecular clouds