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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Is space infinitely large?
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2. Latin for 'cloud'. A word used to describe the collections of gas and dust in the Milky Way and other galaxies
Nebula
Radiative Diffusion
Emission Spectrum
Thickest atmosphere
3. After stars form they pump light energy into surrounding gas causing it to heat up and glow (H2=ionized hydrogen - H1= neutral hydrogen in molcular couds)
H2 Regions
SETI
H-are Diagram
comet
4. The rotation period of the Earth measured relative to the Sun.
2 Reasons Why there are Supermassive Black holes at the center of every Galaxy
Synodic Day
nucleus
Corona
5. A star without enough mass to begin hydrogen fusion
asteroid
Brown dwarf
Light Gathering Power
synchronous rotation
6. Form honeycomb like patterns surrounding empty or nearly empty voids.
hottest surface
opposition
Focal Length
superclusters
7. A star that is burning hydrogen to helium in a shell surrounding it's core
Red Giant Branch Star
Cosmological Principle
Light-Year
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
8. The source of the force that is accelerating the expansion rate of the universe.
jovian
dark energy
Main Sequence Stars
widmanstatten pattern
9. A long-lived high-pressure bulge in Jupiter's southern hemisphere
density waves
Parallax
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
great red spot
10. The philosophical stand that says a simpler explanation is more likely to be correct than a complicated one.
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11. The organization of clusters of galaxies into sheets and strings
Geocentric
Supercluster
Reflector
Ionization
12. Where is the center of the expansion
Callisto (Jupiter)
Nowhere visible to us. If there are higher dimension then the center would be visible to someone who lives in one. If there are no higher dimensions then the center does not exist.
shape and color of ELLIPTICAL galaxies
Pixel
13. The wavelengths where a specific element can absorb or emit light.
Spectral Lines
Turn off Point
Oort cloud
Seyfert galaxy
14. Medium bulge - moderately would arms - arms have H2 regions in them and look sort of lumpy
Winter Solstice
Sb spiral galaxy
disk
self-propagating star formation
15. The material from which the solar system formed
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
solar nebula
mare basalt
16. A continuous spectrum of light missing energy at a few wave lengths.
SETI
Reflector
Absorption Spectrum
most moons
17. The opaque universe that existed for 300000 years after the Big Bang. (photons outnumbered nuclei by 1 billion to one - so less light)
greehouse effects
radiation dominated universe
great red spot
hottest surface
18. Elliptical orbits that come inside orbit of the Earth.
fastest rotation
Apollo asteroids
quasar
Photosphere
19. IO
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
MOONS: most geologically active
Grand design spirals
Convection
20. The high- temperatature outer layer of the sun
semimajor axis
Hubble law
matter dominated universe
Corona
21. The temp at which a substance in the vacuum of space solidifies
Chromosphere
condensation temperature
Metals
Electromagnetic Radiation: Infrared
22. Dying small mass stars lose their outer layers in a relatively gentle way - creating a round or bipolar nebula about the star (round like planets)
Globular Cluster
planetary nebula
standard candle
Kuiper belt
23. When a planet lines up with the sun inthe sky
jovian
plate tectonics
Pixel
conjunction
24. Distribution of dust (tells us disk is thin) - find distances to O&B stars and H2 regions (arms are sights of star formation and OB stars live and die at location of birth) -Milky way has four arms. Sun is in spur apart from arms.
Corona
Electromagnetic Radiation: Infrared
mapping the structure of Milky Way disk
Reflector
25. The first rock-sized bodies that formed in the solar nebula from dust grains
chondrite
Focal Plane
Void
bulge
26. A method of finding a star's distance from its absolute magnitude and spectral type or color.
radio lobe
Ecliptic
Spectroscopic Parallax
Cepheid variables
27. Long - meandering cliff formed when a planet surface cools and shrinks
scarp
Precession
standard candle
Red Giant Branch Star
28. A two-filter measure of the color - and hence temperature - of a star.
The Big Bang Theory
Active Optics
quasar
Color Index
29. The imaginary sphere centered on the Earth that hols the stars.
Celestial Sphere
inferior planets
Light Pollution
solar nebula
30. A perfect absorber and radiator of electromagnetic radiation.
Blackbody
direct motion
self-propagating star formation
Flat - Flat
31. A very low mass particle formed in solar fusion reactions that reacts only weakly with matter
300000 KM/sec
neutrino
CCD
3 reasons we orbit satellites to observe universe
32. Light-colored high-pressure bands in Jupiter's atmosphere
Doppler Shift
Umbra
Inverse Square Law
zone
33. The cosmological principle is the assumption that the universe is isotropic and homogeneous.The Big Bang assumes it to be a correct principle so that what we observe is exactly like What is too far away to be observed.
Celestial Equator
Cosmological Principle
Meridian
Triple Alpha rocess
34. A volume of space where few - if any - galaxies are located
Void
Population 1 vs Population 2 stars
hottest surface
Precession
35. The name for the only seriously considered theory of the universe.
Oort Cloud
Big Bang
most moons
supermassive black hole
36. A bright area of higher temperature that often proceeds the formation of sunspots.
Energy Level
Plague
Supernova (You can be my supernova girl)
Meridian
37. Loops that trace the magnetic field as it erupts from a sunspot area and arches over to an adjacent area. They glow in the light of gas pouring out of corona and falling into photosphere.
Coronal Loop
Spectral Lines
partile horizon
Turn off Point
38. In Ptolemy's geocentric solar system - the large circle on which a planet's epicycle moved around the Earth.
deferent
Bok Globule
Photon
zone
39. How is the Hubble Law consistent with an expanding universe?
open star clusters
Rich Cluster
In an expanding universe all galaxies see all other galaxies that are not gravitationally bound to them receding away. This is what we see in the Hubble Law. We infer that the Hubble law also holds true for all other galaxies.
Red Giant Branch Star
40. A faint - remarkably uniform distribution of radiation in space
Light Gathering Power
dark energy
Ecliptic
Cosmic Microwave Background
41. Originially thought to be stars emitting radio radiation but are now concluded to be nuclei of distant galaxies (same as radio galaxies aka emit streams of material)
Summer Solstice
Parallax
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
quasar
42. Relativity predicts that nothing can travel faster than the speed of light in a vacuum - How can it move slower?
Seyfert galaxy
Cosmological Principle
Sunspot cycle
If it is in a denser medium - such as glass - it will move slower
43. Dark areas on the sun that are cooler than the surrounding photosphere
Inverse Square Law
Black Hole
Cosmic Microwave Background
Sunspots
44. The point directly overhead.
Zenith
Electromagnetic Radiation: Visible Light
direct motion
Celestial Equator
45. A spectrum of light with energy at only a few wavelengths.
Neutron Star
Emission Spectrum
Open Cluster
Colestial Pole
46. The point in its orbit where a planet is nearest the sun
Perihelion
Summer Solstice
fusion crust
Magnification
47. How did Earth come to have an oxygen rich atmosphere?
dark matter
Particle Horizon
Celestial Equator
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
48. The law that describes the blackbody curve - and let to quantum mechanics.
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49. A galaxy emitting large amounts of energy at long wavelengths.
Callisto (Jupiter)
radio galaxy
Synchrotron Rotation
fewest moons
50. A measure of the seasonal shifting of a star's position against farther stars or galaxies. The closer the star - the greater is the angular distance it shifts. We use it to find distances to stars that are up to 1000 pc away.
Parallax
general star population
semimajor axis
Nebula
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