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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Population 1 with higher metals and contain many young stars in star clusters. Distribution of stars is everywhere in disk (arms only have 5% more stars)
E=mc2
supernova
general star population
Vernal Equinox
2. Collections of young - hot stars
OB Associations
aurora
Summer Solstice
neutrino
3. 30AU to 50Au from sun - consists of ancietn premordial objects made of frozen ice and dust-35000 objects or more that are larger than 100 km in diameter and many more smaller than this
Trojan asteroids
Europa (Jupiters moon)
Sa spiral galaxy
Kuiper belt
4. An object that may remain after a star explodes
Nucleus
Neutron Star
zone
fastest rotation
5. Dark - reddish - low-pressure bands in Jupiter's atmosphere
radio lobe
direct motion
Seeing
belt
6. When material is heated and moves taking the heat energy with it
Corona
H-are Diagram
Rich Cluster
Convection
7. Wave- only waves cause an interference pattern when passing through a double slit - particle- only particles deposit energy at specific locations (the way an image builds up on digital camera)
Limb darkening
Light: travels like a wave - detected like a particle
Ammonia - methane - and water
radiant
8. The law that describes the blackbody curve - and let to quantum mechanics.
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9. A telescope that uses lenses to focus light
superclusters
density parameter
cosmic fireball
Refractor
10. A very low mass particle formed in solar fusion reactions that reacts only weakly with matter
SETI
Light-Year
neutrino
rotation curve=winding dilemma?
11. VENUS
Open Cluster
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
accretion disk
Dark matter is located at center of clusters - pulling the cluster members into faster orbits--dark matter gravity keeps objects in galxies bound.
12. A logarithmically scaled value for the measured brightness of a star.
Penumbra
Spectroscopic Parallax
asteroid
Apparent Magnitude
13. Mercury
most eccentric orbit
shape and color of SPIRAL galaxies
Red Giant
reflection star clusters
14. A fusion process in which protons build together to form helium
Proton-proton chain
radiation pressure
300000 KM/sec
Ole Roemer
15. Stars orvits do not define the spiral patterns - instead they are density waves that move at slower speeds (arms are defined by young O and B stars and gas clouds)
How is winding dilemma solved?
cosmic fireball
Neutron Star
density
16. A measure of the force of gravity on an object
thinnest atmosphere
Electromagnetic Radiation: Microwave
conjunction
weight
17. Electromagnetic Radiation
A family of radiant energy- includes light
Callisto (Jupiter)
Gravity only pulls matter back together. Therefore - if gravity is the only force that operates on cosmic scales then the expansion of the universe should decrease with time. The critical density is the value of matter density sufficient to halt the
Flocculent spirals
18. Moon in less than the angular diameter of the Sun.
Stephen-Boltzman Law
Light Gathering Power
CMB
Annular Eclipse
19. Clouds of low density gas often found glowing faintly on either side of an AGN.
conjunction
force
radio lobe
Horizontal Branch Star
20. First accurately measured the speed of light in a vacuum
Photon
anorthosite
Ole Roemer
Sb spiral galaxy
21. The rock that makes up the lunar maria
Supernova (You can be my supernova girl)
aurora
Annular Eclipse
mare basalt
22. Light scattered through the atmosphere that degrades astronomical images
Light Pollution
thinnest atmosphere
comet
synchronous rotation
23. A star that is burning hydrogen to helium in a shell surrounding it's core
coma
A family of radiant energy- includes light
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
Red Giant Branch Star
24. A continuous spectrum of light missing energy at a few wave lengths.
Chandrasekhar Limit
Self-Propogating Star Formation
Absorption Spectrum
Steady State Theory (Leads to Olber's Paradox)
25. The amount of density needed to stop the universe from expanding and to begin the big crunch represented by Pc
critical density
MOONS: roundest shape
Galilean satellite
Halo
26. Distribution of dust (tells us disk is thin) - find distances to O&B stars and H2 regions (arms are sights of star formation and OB stars live and die at location of birth) -Milky way has four arms. Sun is in spur apart from arms.
great red spot
CMB
mapping the structure of Milky Way disk
Halo
27. The name for the only seriously considered theory of the universe.
Big Bang
Sb spiral galaxy
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
The Local Group
28. The apparent backward motion of a planet against the background of stars.
comet
retrograde motion
Kirkwood gaps
Neutron Star
29. A quantity measuring the stability of the Earth's atmosphere
Eyepiece Lens
Seeing
cosmic singularity
Trojan asteroids
30. The gap inthe outer portion of Saturn's A ring
Big Bang
Asymptotic giant Branch Star
Precession
Enke gap
31. The point in its orbit where a planet is nearest the sun
Kirchhoff's Law
coma
nova
Perihelion
32. Heavier elements such as iron - silicon - magnesium - sulfer - nickel
radiation pressure
Thermonuclear Fusion
Gamma-ray Burst
Make up of the terrestrial planets
33. The gap inthe outer portion of Saturn's A ring
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
Occam's razor
Globular Cluster
Enke gap
34. Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune
Thermal Equilibrium
disk
least dense
Jovian Planets
35. Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune
Eyepiece Lens
Inverse Square Law
accretion
Jovian Planets
36. Population 1- similar to the sun and 2% of elements are metal - Population 2- formed before gas was metal- only a fraction of mass is metal.
Synchrotron Rotation
tectonics of Mars
Population 1 vs Population 2 stars
radio galaxy
37. Radiation (possibly left over from the big bang) that fills the universe. Perfect black body spectrum and tells us a bit aout how galaxies are formed.
Largest diameter
Zenith
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
Heliocentric
38. A term referring to the orbital character of stars near the Sun
Jupiters red spot
Degeneracy
Differential Rotation
Summer Solstice
39. Norhern lowlands- darker in color and have far fewer craters as if an ancient sea or ice field covered them. southern highlands- much higher in density of craters.
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
standard candle
general star population
Doppler Shift
40. The dark - relativley smooth areas on the moon; Latin for sea
dark matter
Maria
Celestial Equator
Parallax
41. 1-orbit aroudn the sun 2- are in hydrostatic equilibrium and 'mostly round' 3- have not cleared debris around its orbit 4- are not satellites
Dwarf planets
aphelion
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
Plank's Law
42. Hurricane-like vortex in southern-hemisphere winds to north and south blow in opposite directions which keep it spinning and with no subsurface features like mountians it persists.
Nova
Filament
Jupiters red spot
Perihelion
43. A galaxy sending out a stream of material from its nucleus
Annular Eclipse
Radio Galaxy
Jupiters red spot
Electromagnetic Radiation: X-Ray
44. Either Io -Europa - Ganymede - or Callisto
Galilean satellite
Electromagnetic Radiation: X-Ray
critical density
quasar
45. The oldest part of the Milky Way
If it is in a denser medium - such as glass - it will move slower
Halo
Make up of the jovian planets
2 Reasons Why there are Supermassive Black holes at the center of every Galaxy
46. The apparent path of the Sun through the stars on the celestial sphere.
Occam's razor
Ecliptic
Thickest atmosphere
Make up of the jovian planets
47. The gap etween saturn's A and B rings
Cassini division
weight
accretion
anorthosite
48. Largest moon in solar system - two differenet types of terrain - darker terrain is older - NOT ACTIVE SURFACE
3 reasons we orbit satellites to observe universe
Ganymede (Jupiter)
Electromagnetic Radiation: Infrared
interstellar dust
49. The force of attraction between any two objects having mass
Globular Cluster
Black Hole
Black Hole
gravity
50. In what chemical form are jupiters nitrogen - carbon and oxygen?
cosmological red shift
Ammonia - methane - and water
Prominence
Spectroscopic Parallax