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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Material that shoots rapidly out into space. Flares cause Auroras
Flare
supermassive black hole
Synchrotron Rotation
accretion disk
2. A small round distribution of gas surrounding a dying star
White Dwarf
CCD
Light: travels like a wave - detected like a particle
Planetary Nebula
3. 100 nm 10 nm
A family of radiant energy- includes light
mare basalt
Primary Mirror
Electromagnetic Radiation: Ultraviolet Light
4. The 11 or 22 period on the sun durin which sunspots increase - decrease - change polarity - increase and decrease again.
Flare
accretion disk
CCD
Sunspot cycle
5. Infinitely long -> 10 cm
Electromagnetic Radiation: Radio
Hipparchus
Metals
quasar
6. A large - irregularly shaped rocky object orbiting the sun mostly between mars and jupiter. Left-over planetesimals
Drake equation
self-propagating star formation
asteroid
Blackbody
7. A bright area of higher temperature that often proceeds the formation of sunspots.
Flat - Flat
Oort cloud
Plague
differential rotation
8. A telescope that uses lenses to focus light
Refractor
Doppler Shift
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
Spectroscopic Parallax
9. Light-flaky crust - convective currents cause it to wrinkle and bunch (1/5 of surface). uniform cratering suggests lack of weathering and tectonics. volcanoes are flat due to atmospheric pressure.
Spectroscopy
Sb spiral galaxy
Hubble law
tectonics of Venus
10. A cool collection of gas and dust silhouetted against a brighter background of stars and/or gas
Cosmic Microwave Background
Dark Nebula
jovian
mass
11. Ganymede
Cosmological Principle
Make up of the jovian planets
MOONS: largest size
Annular Eclipse
12. Jupiter
Occam's razor
cosmological red shift
radio galaxy
most moons
13. The crust of a meteorite caused by its entry into Earth's atmosphere
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
fusion crust
isotropic
Objective Lens
14. Flat disk with gas - dust - H2 regions - molecular clouds - dust young stars and remnants of old planetary nebula and supernova remnants. stars spin together with similar velocities called differential rotation
Hyashi track
Kuiper belt
Photon
disk
15. Possible Fates of the Universe
Gravity only pulls matter back together. Therefore - if gravity is the only force that operates on cosmic scales then the expansion of the universe should decrease with time. The critical density is the value of matter density sufficient to halt the
Asymptotic giant Branch Star
matter dominated universe
mass
16. The time when the universe cooled sufficiently for atoms to exist. radiation dominated= first 300000 years - THEN era of recombination turns into matter dominated for next.
era of recombination
Jovian Planets
Kirkwood gaps
direct motion
17. Venus
Synodic Day
Rich Cluster
Thickest atmosphere
radiant
18. Either Io -Europa - Ganymede - or Callisto
Galilean satellite
Objective Lens
Astronomical Unit
cosmological principle
19. Distribution of dust (tells us disk is thin) - find distances to O&B stars and H2 regions (arms are sights of star formation and OB stars live and die at location of birth) -Milky way has four arms. Sun is in spur apart from arms.
Electromagnetic Radiation: Infrared
Hubble law
terrestrial planet
mapping the structure of Milky Way disk
20. A particle of light.
Synchrotron Rotation
Photon
radiation dominated universe
Shepherd satellite
21. A galaxy emitting large amounts of energy at long wavelengths.
radiation dominated universe
Planetary Nebula
It does not have to expand into anything. It might just be that the 3 dimensions of space are getting bigger. It may also be that our 3 spatial dimensions are expanding into higher dimensions if such things exist.
radio galaxy
22. A star without enough mass to begin hydrogen fusion
Stephen-Boltzman Law
Brown dwarf
Magnification
meteor
23. The location around an atom where an electron resides.
radiant
Nucleus
neutrino
Energy Level
24. The 11 or 22 period on the sun durin which sunspots increase - decrease - change polarity - increase and decrease again.
Yes - frozen at the poles- remains protected from the suns rays
Sunspot cycle
Differential Rotation
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
25. Mercury
Sidereal Day
Density Wave
dark matter
most eccentric orbit
26. The mass of an object divided by its volume
density
Perihelion
Void
anorthosite
27. A two-filter measure of the color - and hence temperature - of a star.
Particle Horizon
Electromagnetic Radiation: Ultraviolet Light
Color Index
force
28. Loops that trace the magnetic field as it erupts from a sunspot area and arches over to an adjacent area. They glow in the light of gas pouring out of corona and falling into photosphere.
Sidereal Day
highlands
Coronal Loop
Light: travels like a wave - detected like a particle
29. Mercury
Electromagnetic Radiation
thinnest atmosphere
smallest diameter
mapping the structure of Milky Way disk
30. What causes the zones and belts on jupiter and saturn?
Blackbody Curve
Big Crunch
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
31. When the Moon entirely blocks the Sun.
Electromagnetic Radiation
Total Eclipse
jovian
Callisto (Jupiter)
32. The act of removing an electron from an atom.
accretion disk
Thermonuclear Fusion
Ionization
H2 Regions
33. Milky way galaxy is a member - a small poor cluster-about 30 galaxies
Blackbody Curve
Flocculent spirals
Thickest atmosphere
The Local Group
34. An element of a highly efficient - two-dimensional electronic light detector
Pixel
Geocentric
Terrestrial Planets
radio galaxy
35. 1 mm 1μm
Black Hole
Gravity only pulls matter back together. Therefore - if gravity is the only force that operates on cosmic scales then the expansion of the universe should decrease with time. The critical density is the value of matter density sufficient to halt the
Electromagnetic Radiation: Infrared
Sb spiral galaxy
36. The universe is isotropic - homogeneous - and without beginning or end in time and space. If the universe is truly homogeneous then every line of sight will eventually end on a galaxy. If it has existed forever then there has been enough time for lig
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37. The rock that makes up the lunar highlands
Jupiters red spot
Hydrostatic Equilibrium
cosmic fireball
anorthosite
38. Any class of objects with a uniform luminosity used to determine distance.
asteroid
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
Sunspots
standard candle
39. The layer of the sun just above the photosphere
Chromosphere
Objective Lens
Light Gathering Power
Halo
40. Highlands: rocks are made of lighter anorthosite (similar to old earth rocks) Maria: rocks made of heavy mare basalt (volcanic rock) everywhere else is loose regolith created by meteoric impact.
Degeneracy
Vernal Equinox
Europa (Jupiters moon)
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
41. When particles are compressed to an unnatural state where their pressure is not related to their temperature
Degeneracy
Io (jupiters moon)
supermassive black hole
regolith
42. A prominence seen against the disk of the sun
slowest rotation
Filament
asteroid
HII Region
43. A perfect absorber and radiator of electromagnetic radiation.
Big Crunch
Absorption Spectrum
Blackbody
Celestial Sphere
44. The process of acquiring material
Coldest surface
Vernal Equinox
accretion
density parameter
45. When the Sun is farthest south of the celestial equator (About December 22)
Thermonuclear Fusion
Winter Solstice
Secondary Mirror
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
46. An energetic event taking place in the early universe
Eyepiece Lens
Gamma-ray Burst
Continuous Spectrum
weight
47. A massive variable star used to find distances to the galaxies or clusters that contain them.
radiation pressure
Extrasolar Planet
conjunction
Cepheid Variable
48. Sc galaxies where star formation and destruction is so rapid that supernova explosions are mainly responsible for compressing gas to create new stars.
rotation curve = dark matter?
Doppler Shift
least dense
self-propagating star formation
49. A star without enough mass to begin hydrogen fusion
fastest rotation
Brown dwarf
Make up of the jovian planets
H-are Diagram
50. Is there water on the moon?
Pulsar
cosmological principle
Yes - frozen at the poles- remains protected from the suns rays
Electromagnetic Radiation: Radio