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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The apparent backward motion of a planet against the background of stars.
A family of radiant energy- includes light
Red Giant
retrograde motion
In an expanding universe all galaxies see all other galaxies that are not gravitationally bound to them receding away. This is what we see in the Hubble Law. We infer that the Hubble law also holds true for all other galaxies.
2. Distance from sun to nucleus- 8 kiloparsecs (26000 LY) - diameter of Milky way- 150000 LY - length for sun to orbit once around milky way- 250 million years
Titus-Bode Law
Energy Level
Lagrangian Razor
Milky way Galaxy
3. The entity from which the whole universe is postulated to have come from.
blazar
cosmic singularity
dark matter
Seeing
4. Mercury
dark matter
smallest diameter
differential rotation
Earth resurfaces itself due to erosion and plate tectonics - while the moon has neither.
5. The layer of the sun just above the photosphere
critical density
Hydrostatic Equilibrium
OB Associations
Chromosphere
6. A quantity measuring the stability of the Earth's atmosphere
Seeing
Kirchhoff's Law
Europa (Jupiters moon)
In an expanding universe all galaxies see all other galaxies that are not gravitationally bound to them receding away. This is what we see in the Hubble Law. We infer that the Hubble law also holds true for all other galaxies.
7. Mercury - Venus - Earth - Mars
Chromosphere
Sidereal Day
Terrestrial Planets
deferent
8. The organization of clusters of galaxies into sheets and strings
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
Supercluster
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
Coronal Loop
9. Is space infinitely large?
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10. If stars have diff orbital periods - than any arms formed by stars will wind into a tight spiral pattern (billion yrs or so)
Callisto (Jupiter)
Hydrostatic Equilibrium
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
rotation curve=winding dilemma?
11. An entity that is likely in the nucleus of most - if not all - galaxies.
supermassive black hole
widmanstatten pattern
Spectral Lines
Parallax
12. The ratio of the actual density of the universe to the critical density. (actual density divided by the critical density
Electromagnetic Radiation: Visible Light
Thermonuclear Fusion
Dark Matter
density parameter
13. The trapping of heat by carbon dioxide or other gases in the Earth's atmosphere.
Precession
greehouse effects
Chandrasekhar Limit
radiation dominated universe
14. The fusion process that turns three helium nuclei into a carbon nucleus
Shepherd satellite
Triple Alpha rocess
Objective Lens
fusion crust
15. Ancient stream channels - flood planes - and sedimentary-type rock. Frozen water is found in the polar ice caps and in the soil.
scarp
Corona
weight
evidence of water on mars
16. The cosmological principle is the assumption that the universe is isotropic and homogeneous.The Big Bang assumes it to be a correct principle so that what we observe is exactly like What is too far away to be observed.
Sb spiral galaxy
Cosmological Principle
Light Gathering Power
tectonics of Venus
17. A telescope that uses mirrors to focus light
Halo
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
Reflector
18. When one side of a body always faces the planet it revolves around
Refractor
acceleration
H2 Regions
synchronous rotation
19. A volume of space where few - if any - galaxies are located
Void
Liquid metallic hydrogen
The Big Bang Theory resolves Olber's Paradox
nucleus
20. The location in the Milky Way where stars orbit like a solid wheel
Particle Horizon
Umbra
Dark Nebula
Bulge
21. The act of removing an electron from an atom.
Ionization
Prominence
Photosphere
rotation curve=winding dilemma?
22. The point where an inferior planet is as far away from the sun as it can be (as seen from the Earth)
greatest elongation
cosmological principle
smallest diameter
Jupiters red spot
23. The rotation period of the Earth measured relative to the stars.
cosmic singularity
Eyepiece Lens
CNO Cycle
Sidereal Day
24. Radiation (possibly left over from the big bang) that fills the universe. Perfect black body spectrum and tells us a bit aout how galaxies are formed.
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
Dark Nebula
Ammonia - methane - and water
Plank's Law
25. When the Sun is farthest south of the celestial equator (About December 22)
Winter Solstice
Earth resurfaces itself due to erosion and plate tectonics - while the moon has neither.
anorthosite
isotropic
26. The first rock-sized bodies that formed in the solar nebula from dust grains
Colestial Pole
chondrite
chemical differentiation
Population 1 vs Population 2 stars
27. A particle of light
Photon
Photosphere
Make up of the terrestrial planets
Radio Galaxy
28. What Ole Roemer used to measure the speed of light in a vacuum
Filament
radio galaxy
great dark spots
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
29. The lowest energy of an atom.
Ground State
Sa spiral galaxy
Ammonia - methane - and water
Zenith
30. Clouds of low density gas often found glowing faintly on either side of an AGN.
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
Synodic Day
Reflector
radio lobe
31. The movement of the Earth's crustal plates riding on top of the mantle.
Neutron Star
roche limit
Steady State Theory (Leads to Olber's Paradox)
plate tectonics
32. Plate tectonics due to thickness of crust and maintain their general form when they collide-where most volcanoes are.
Doppler Shift
Occam's razor
tectonics of Earth
Coldest surface
33. The point in its orbit where a planet is farthest from the sun
Ganymede (Jupiter)
Oort Cloud
2 Reasons Why there are Supermassive Black holes at the center of every Galaxy
aphelion
34. Cold aggregates of gas - large and contain a huge amount of matter - so cold that molecules stick together to form molecules.
Flat - Flat
molecular clouds
anorthosite
Summer Solstice
35. Medium bulge - moderately would arms - arms have H2 regions in them and look sort of lumpy
Extrasolar Planet
Sb spiral galaxy
CNO Cycle
greatest elongation
36. Orbit in Jupiters orbit
dark matter
Light Pollution
Degeneracy
Trojan asteroids
37. The gap etween saturn's A and B rings
Self-Propogating Star Formation
Cassini division
Hipparchus
Parallax
38. The amount of density needed to stop the universe from expanding and to begin the big crunch represented by Pc
Proton-proton chain
Density Wave
critical density
Black Hole
39. 1 mm 1μm
interstellar dust
Blackbody
acceleration
Electromagnetic Radiation: Infrared
40. A word used in astronomy to describe all elements besides hydrogen and helium
hottest surface
Electromagnetic Radiation
Halo
Metals
41. 10 nm 10^2 nm
Main Sequence
White Dwarf
Chandrasekhar Limit
Electromagnetic Radiation: X-Ray
42. In what chemical form are jupiters nitrogen - carbon and oxygen?
Umbra
Bulge
Planck time
Ammonia - methane - and water
43. The opaque universe that existed for 300000 years after the Big Bang. (photons outnumbered nuclei by 1 billion to one - so less light)
radiation dominated universe
partile horizon
interstellar dust
Halo
44. Why do Galaxies move very rapidly in the interiors of the dense clusters?
Dark matter is located at center of clusters - pulling the cluster members into faster orbits--dark matter gravity keeps objects in galxies bound.
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
isotropic
45. Titan
Light Pollution
Autumnal Equinox
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
accretion
46. We can infer the absolute magnitude of pulsating variable stars by measuring their pulsation periods. The longer the pulsations - the greater their luminosities. We then again measure their apparent magnitudes - compare it with their absolute magnitu
Cepheid variables
Cosmological Principle
Synodic Day
Red Giant Branch Star
47. The 11 or 22 period on the sun durin which sunspots increase - decrease - change polarity - increase and decrease again.
semimajor axis
Annular Eclipse
Globular Cluster
Sunspot cycle
48. Flattened spherical distribution of old stars with some young stars too. 'hub' of Milky way - stars orbit with solid body speeds. Elongated into bar shape
Precession
bulge
Black Hole
asteroid
49. Neptune or uranus
aurora
Sb spiral galaxy
Coldest surface
radio galaxy
50. The point directly overhead.
Meridian
roche limit
Zenith
resonance