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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A particle of light.
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
Photon
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
Blackbody
2. A telescope that uses lenses to focus light
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
Refractor
belt
homogeneous
3. A long-lived high-pressure bulge in Jupiter's southern hemisphere
Bulge
Celestial Sphere
great red spot
Spectroscopy
4. Extremely round - lots of liquid water - ice rafts on surface ACTIVE SURFACE
Cassini division
Europa (Jupiters moon)
jovian
Radiative Diffusion
5. Large nebula consisting of very cold gas and dust
Coldest surface
Molecular Clouds
planetesimal
MOONS: largest size
6. A point in the sky where meteors appear to come from during a shower
Radio Galaxy
Gravity only pulls matter back together. Therefore - if gravity is the only force that operates on cosmic scales then the expansion of the universe should decrease with time. The critical density is the value of matter density sufficient to halt the
Resolving Power
radiant
7. The class of all objects having high energy radiation coming from their nuclei. Active Galactic Nucleus- Blazars - Quasars - Radio and Emit synchrotron radiation
Inverse Square Law
Primary Mirror
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
AGN
8. 1 mm 1μm
Electromagnetic Radiation: Infrared
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
Neutron Star
Liquid metallic hydrogen
9. The act of removing an electron from an atom.
supernova
rotation curve=winding dilemma?
Ionization
anorthosite
10. The law that describes the blackbody curve - and let to quantum mechanics.
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11. A bridge of material held in position above the solar surface. They can remain for hours even days
Synodic Day
Prominence
Disk
Electromagnetic Radiation: Radio
12. In Ptolemy's geocentric solar system - the small circle on which a planet moved.
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
resonance
epicycle
Convection
13. N=are*Fp(Ne)(Fl)(Fi)(Fc)(L) N: number of civilizations possible to communicate with are*: rate solar-like stars are created Fp: fraction of stars with planets Ne: number of planets like ours Fl: fraction of planets with life Fi: intelligent life Fc:
Spectroscopic parallax
Drake equation
Nucleus
Molecular Clouds
14. N=are*Fp(Ne)(Fl)(Fi)(Fc)(L) N: number of civilizations possible to communicate with are*: rate solar-like stars are created Fp: fraction of stars with planets Ne: number of planets like ours Fl: fraction of planets with life Fi: intelligent life Fc:
Hyashi track
Drake equation
Ecliptic
supernova
15. A spread of light with an uninterrupted wavelength distribution of energy.
Sa spiral galaxy
Continuous Spectrum
Dark matter is located at center of clusters - pulling the cluster members into faster orbits--dark matter gravity keeps objects in galxies bound.
highlands
16. Formed from slow rotating clouds - collapsed quicker - initial star formation rate is high but died out - older - little rotation - look redder
Seyfert galaxy
Winter Solstice
Particle Horizon
shape and color of ELLIPTICAL galaxies
17. A measure of the seasonal shifting of a star's position against farther stars or galaxies. The closer the star - the greater is the angular distance it shifts. We use it to find distances to stars that are up to 1000 pc away.
A family of radiant energy- includes light
great dark spots
Focal Length
Parallax
18. The study of the universe as a whole.
thinnest atmosphere
Absorption Spectrum
cosmology
Plank's Law
19. Massive compact halo objects (MACHO) - weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPY's)
Dark matter candidates
Light Pollution
Bok Globule
Steady State Theory (Leads to Olber's Paradox)
20. The organized effort to find life elsewhere in the universe. (Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence)
Seeing
SETI
Disk
Hydrostatic Equilibrium
21. Finding a star's absolute magnitude from it's placement on an HR diagram. After finding the absolute magnitude - we measure the apparent magnitude - for a distance modulus and use this to find the distance. This method is good for finding distances t
Spectroscopic parallax
Shepherd satellite
rotation curve=winding dilemma?
Planck time
22. The source of the force that is accelerating the expansion rate of the universe.
dark energy
Lagrangian Razor
general star population
In an expanding universe all galaxies see all other galaxies that are not gravitationally bound to them receding away. This is what we see in the Hubble Law. We infer that the Hubble law also holds true for all other galaxies.
23. The distance light travels in one year (=9.46x10^12km).
Light-Year
2 Reasons Why there are Supermassive Black holes at the center of every Galaxy
Photon
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
24. The material from which the solar system formed
H2 Regions
solar nebula
Sidereal Day
planetary nebula
25. A small and dim but hot star.
White Dwarf
mare basalt
Sunspots
Oort cloud
26. Earth
interstellar dust
Most dense
matter dominated universe
aurora
27. The apparent backward motion of a planet against the background of stars.
great red spot
Kirkwood gaps
retrograde motion
Celestial Sphere
28. An element of a highly efficient - two-dimensional electronic light detector
Hyashi track
meteor
Pixel
Black Hole
29. Sulfurous volcanoes - pools of liquid sulfur - surface resembles cheese pizza ACTIVE SURFACE
general star population
Io (jupiters moon)
Autumnal Equinox
Winter Solstice
30. In Ptolemy's geocentric solar system - the large circle on which a planet's epicycle moved around the Earth.
Kirkwood gaps
Blackbody
deferent
Hubble law
31. Approximate speed of light in a vacuum
Nebula
Filament
Supercluster
300000 KM/sec
32. What do we think the actual fate of the universe will be and why do we think this?
meteoriod
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
Disk
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
33. The lens that gathers the light in a refractor
Objective Lens
Dark Nebula
open star clusters
Cepheid Variable
34. A term referring to Jupiter-like planets
jovian
Photometry
dark matter
great red spot
35. A change in the appearance of the sun at the edge of the solar disk
Limb darkening
Hyashi track
A family of radiant energy- includes light
superclusters
36. Flattened spherical distribution of old stars with some young stars too. 'hub' of Milky way - stars orbit with solid body speeds. Elongated into bar shape
Blackbody
Rich vs poor clusters
Continuous Spectrum
bulge
37. The point directly overhead.
Instability strip
radio galaxy
Flare
Zenith
38. When one side of a body always faces the planet it revolves around
Black Hole
synchronous rotation
Pixel
Electromagnetic Radiation: Ultraviolet Light
39. Dying small mass stars lose their outer layers in a relatively gentle way - creating a round or bipolar nebula about the star (round like planets)
Light: travels like a wave - detected like a particle
Penumbra
planetary nebula
terrestrial planet
40. In Ptolemy's geocentric solar system - the large circle on which a planet's epicycle moved around the Earth.
deferent
Nebula
Electromagnetic Radiation
radiant
41. Saying that the sky should not get dark at night because all lines of sight end on a star meaning that the night sky should be ablaze BUT the big bang - because the universe had a beginning - says that the sky gets dark because out in space - galaxie
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42. The law that syas light energy from a blackbody increases as (temperature^4)
radio lobe
Light Gathering Power
Stephen-Boltzman Law
Emission Spectrum
43. The fate of the universe if it is closed. The universe expanding as much as possible and then retracting
Jovian Planets
terrestrial planet
conjunction
Big Crunch
44. A repeated - periodic push or pull capable of summing into a larger push or pull
Secondary Mirror
MOONS: largest size
resonance
Extrasolar Planet
45. The rotation period of the Earth measured relative to the stars.
Dark matter is located at center of clusters - pulling the cluster members into faster orbits--dark matter gravity keeps objects in galxies bound.
Nova
Sidereal Day
quasar
46. The oldest grouping of stars - found in the galaxy halo
Molecular Clouds
Globular Cluster
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
Differential Rotation
47. Thick rigid crust - no longer has plate tectonics but still has convective hot spots that create earth-like volcanoes except that last for billions of years because of lack of tectonics.
tectonics of Mars
meteoriod
Winter Solstice
Light: travels like a wave - detected like a particle
48. Large nebula consisting of very cold gas and dust
Grand design spirals
Molecular Clouds
interstellar dust
direct motion
49. A star without enough mass to begin hydrogen fusion
homogeneous
Brown dwarf
Electromagnetic Radiation: Visible Light
H-are Diagram
50. We can infer the absolute magnitude of pulsating variable stars by measuring their pulsation periods. The longer the pulsations - the greater their luminosities. We then again measure their apparent magnitudes - compare it with their absolute magnitu
Spectral Lines
Kirkwood gaps
Main Sequence
Cepheid variables