Test your basic knowledge |

Subject : science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Dying large-mass stars lose their outer layers in a violent explosion creating large - chaotic remnants. these brighten like nova but are so much brighter and only occur ONCE PER STAR






2. The opaque universe that existed for 300000 years after the Big Bang. (photons outnumbered nuclei by 1 billion to one - so less light)






3. Cold aggregates of gas - large and contain a huge amount of matter - so cold that molecules stick together to form molecules.






4. Highlands: rocks are made of lighter anorthosite (similar to old earth rocks) Maria: rocks made of heavy mare basalt (volcanic rock) everywhere else is loose regolith created by meteoric impact.






5. Venus






6. When the Sun is farthest south of the celestial equator (About December 22)






7. Jupiter






8. Stars fromt he Halo that have drifted into the disk. as earth zooms past them in a faster orbit they appear to be going backward very fast






9. Dying small mass stars lose their outer layers in a relatively gentle way - creating a round or bipolar nebula about the star (round like planets)






10. The average distance between the Earth and the Sun (=1.5 x10^8km)






11. Light-colored high-pressure bands in Jupiter's atmosphere






12. The distance light travels in one year (=9.46x10^12km).






13. In Ptolemy's geocentric solar system - the large circle on which a planet's epicycle moved around the Earth.






14. Matter so dense that even light cannot escape its gravity






15. The seasonal shifting of a nearby star's position relative to more distant objects.






16. 1. We see rapid movements or high energy radiation coming at some level from the nuclei of nearly every galaxy we have looked at. 2. We suspect that the creation of these supermassive black holes is part of the galaxy formation process.






17. After stars form they pump light energy into surrounding gas causing it to heat up and glow (H2=ionized hydrogen - H1= neutral hydrogen in molcular couds)






18. The surface of the sun






19. The location in an H-are diagram of a star cluster - where stars have just left the main sequence. Used to estimate the cluster age.






20. The 'edge' of the universe. Light beyond this has not reached us yet.






21. Finding a star's absolute magnitude from it's placement on an HR diagram. After finding the absolute magnitude - we measure the apparent magnitude - for a distance modulus and use this to find the distance. This method is good for finding distances t






22. Clouds of low density gas often found glowing faintly on either side of an AGN.






23. Relativity predicts that nothing can travel faster than the speed of light in a vacuum - How can it move slower?






24. How did Earth come to have an oxygen rich atmosphere?






25. The science of measuring the apparent magnitudes of stars by imaging them through different filters.






26. An object that may remain after a star explodes






27. The dark - relativley smooth areas on the moon; Latin for sea






28. A point in the sky where meteors appear to come from during a shower






29. Mercury and venus






30. A distance measure determined by the shifting of a star against the background sky every 6 months.






31. The line on an H-are diagram going from upper left to lower right where normal stars of different masses reside.






32. Stars orvits do not define the spiral patterns - instead they are density waves that move at slower speeds (arms are defined by young O and B stars and gas clouds)






33. The dark - relativley smooth areas on the moon; Latin for sea






34. When the Moon entirely blocks the Sun.






35. The powdered stone fragments that make up the lunar 'soil'






36. Centered on the sun.






37. The powdered stone fragments that make up the lunar 'soil'






38. Flat disk with gas - dust - H2 regions - molecular clouds - dust young stars and remnants of old planetary nebula and supernova remnants. stars spin together with similar velocities called differential rotation






39. Radiation emitted when charged particles spiral rapidly in a magnetic field. come off of jets from black holes.






40. Largest moon in solar system - two differenet types of terrain - darker terrain is older - NOT ACTIVE SURFACE






41. Material that shoots rapidly out into space. Flares cause Auroras






42. In a FLAT UNIVERSE(our universe) - the curvature of space-time is ________. Parallel beams will converge/diverge/remain parallel (circle one). The density parameter - Ω0 - is _____.






43. A phenomenon seen when the Earth passes through the orbit of a burned out comet






44. Population 1- similar to the sun and 2% of elements are metal - Population 2- formed before gas was metal- only a fraction of mass is metal.






45. The most mass a white dwarf can have before collapsing to a neutron star






46. The mass of an object divided by its volume






47. The shadow behind the Earth or Moon where the Sun is partially obscured.






48. A collection of comets in the plane of the solar system - located beyond the orbit of Pluto






49. Latin for 'cloud'. A word used to describe the collections of gas and dust in the Milky Way and other galaxies






50. IO