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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A bridge of material held in position above the solar surface. They can remain for hours even days
Largest diameter
Wein's Law
Light-Year
Prominence
2. A fusion process in which protons build together to form helium
differential rotation
Proton-proton chain
plate tectonics
Photosphere
3. 1-orbit aroudn the sun 2- are in hydrostatic equilibrium and 'mostly round' 3- have not cleared debris around its orbit 4- are not satellites
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
Dwarf planets
tectonics of Mars
general star population
4. The class of all objects having high energy radiation coming from their nuclei. Active Galactic Nucleus- Blazars - Quasars - Radio and Emit synchrotron radiation
AGN
blazar
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
Plank's Law
5. In a FLAT UNIVERSE(our universe) - the curvature of space-time is ________. Parallel beams will converge/diverge/remain parallel (circle one). The density parameter - Ω0 - is _____.
Granules
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
great red spot
Synodic Day
6. The location in the Milky Way where stars orbit like a solid wheel
Earth resurfaces itself due to erosion and plate tectonics - while the moon has neither.
Zenith
Resolving Power
Bulge
7. A star that has become a red giant for the second and final time. It is burning helium to carbon in a shell surrounding the core
Asymptotic giant Branch Star
Flocculent spirals
Degeneracy
Steady State Theory (Leads to Olber's Paradox)
8. A rock or iron specimen that has fallen from space
conjunction
Focal Length
meteorite
aurora
9. Sulfurous volcanoes - pools of liquid sulfur - surface resembles cheese pizza ACTIVE SURFACE
Io (jupiters moon)
jovian
Eyepiece Lens
Gravity only pulls matter back together. Therefore - if gravity is the only force that operates on cosmic scales then the expansion of the universe should decrease with time. The critical density is the value of matter density sufficient to halt the
10. Thick rigid crust - no longer has plate tectonics but still has convective hot spots that create earth-like volcanoes except that last for billions of years because of lack of tectonics.
Vernal Equinox
Sb spiral galaxy
tectonics of Mars
Ground State
11. Arcs of increased mass concentration that slow stars and gas down as they orbit through which cause the formation of stars.
density waves
acceleration
Astronomical Unit
A family of radiant energy- includes light
12. Light scattered through the atmosphere that degrades astronomical images
Disk
Light Pollution
Jovian Planets
cosmic singularity
13. The law stating that hotter blackbodies look bluer than cooler blackbodies.
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14. The organized effort to find life elsewhere in the universe. (Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence)
Proton-proton chain
Largest diameter
SETI
Thermonuclear Fusion
15. The science of measuring light energy by wavelength.
Spectroscopy
Density Wave
chemical differentiation
Light: travels like a wave - detected like a particle
16. As open clusters age - they push gas away but dust remains this can reflect light giving the cluster a blue-ish color. also called reflection nebula
Light: travels like a wave - detected like a particle
Most dense
reflection star clusters
epicycle
17. Flat disk with gas - dust - H2 regions - molecular clouds - dust young stars and remnants of old planetary nebula and supernova remnants. stars spin together with similar velocities called differential rotation
disk
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
Electromagnetic Radiation
synchronous rotation
18. The apparent path of the Sun through the stars on the celestial sphere.
Ecliptic
meteoriod
chemical differentiation
cosmic singularity
19. An evolved star - past the helium flash that is burning helium to carbon in it's cores
density
Halo
open star clusters
Horizontal Branch Star
20. An empirical scheme for predictin ghe orbital distances of planets
Flat - Flat
Titus-Bode Law
Thermal Equilibrium
mass
21. The linear correlation between the rate of the expansion of the universe and distance. Says that as galaxies get farther away in space - the speed with which they recede from us increases. So we can measure the amount of recessional velocity and use
anorthosite
isotropic
Hubble law
Pulsar
22. When the Sun is farthest north of the celestial equator (about June 22)
Synodic Day
rotation curve = dark matter?
Summer Solstice
Annular Eclipse
23. A small chunk of rock in space
Prominence
meteoriod
Absorption Spectrum
Chandrasekhar Limit
24. Dark - reddish - low-pressure bands in Jupiter's atmosphere
plate tectonics
Largest diameter
highlands
belt
25. Relativity predicts that nothing can travel faster than the speed of light in a vacuum - How can it move slower?
Lagrangian Razor
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
If it is in a denser medium - such as glass - it will move slower
anorthosite
26. A logarithmically scaled value for the measured brightness of a star.
Apparent Magnitude
belt
meteorite
Vernal Equinox
27. The source of the force that is accelerating the expansion rate of the universe.
Roundest orbit
most eccentric orbit
dark energy
Nucleus
28. The normal eastward movement of a planet against the background of hte distant stars.
Color Index
direct motion
Dark Nebula
radiation pressure
29. The telescope configuration that has the focus placed at the back of the primary mirror
Cassegrain Focus
epicycle
SETI
disk
30. In a CLOSED UNIVERSE - the curvature of space-time is _________. Parallel beams will converge/diverge/remain parallel (circle one). The density parameter - Ω0 - is _____.
roche limit
Flat - Flat
synchronous rotation
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
31. Rich= dense crowded cores of galaxies - poor= few members and a looser organization of galaxies
Rich vs poor clusters
Meridian
Ganymede (Jupiter)
Bok Globule
32. Highlands: rocks are made of lighter anorthosite (similar to old earth rocks) Maria: rocks made of heavy mare basalt (volcanic rock) everywhere else is loose regolith created by meteoric impact.
Interstellar Extinction
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
Reflector
tectonics of Mars
33. The point directly overhead.
differential rotation
Drake equation
Zenith
Reflector
34. A small chunk of rock in space
Electromagnetic Radiation: Microwave
meteoriod
Thermal Equilibrium
Inverse Square Law
35. The final end state of an intermediate to high mass star. An entity in which all the electrons have been pushed into the protons.
Make up of the jovian planets
deferent
OB Associations
Neutron Star
36. Titan
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
gravity
Eyepiece Lens
rotation curve=winding dilemma?
37. Hurricane-like vortex in southern-hemisphere winds to north and south blow in opposite directions which keep it spinning and with no subsurface features like mountians it persists.
Granules
cosmology
Sunspot cycle
Jupiters red spot
38. In Ptolemy's geocentric solar system - the large circle on which a planet's epicycle moved around the Earth.
Annular Eclipse
Pulsar
deferent
Gamma-ray Burst
39. A change in the appearance of the sun at the edge of the solar disk
protostar
Limb darkening
Void
Negative - Diverge - Less than 1
40. Star speed at outer edge of galaxy should begin to diminish - but they dont so we guess that this means there is increasing force (aka dark matter)
rotation curve = dark matter?
Energy Level
homogeneous
Kuiper belt
41. Stars fromt he Halo that have drifted into the disk. as earth zooms past them in a faster orbit they appear to be going backward very fast
fusion crust
Kuiper belt
High Velocity Stars
Oort cloud
42. A long-lived high-pressure bulge in Jupiter's southern hemisphere
Sidereal Day
most eccentric orbit
Red Giant Branch Star
great red spot
43. The equation that describes how matter equates with energy
Dark matter candidates
Pixel
Galilean satellite
E=mc2
44. What Ole Roemer used to measure the speed of light in a vacuum
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
Sidereal Day
semimajor axis
Pulsar
45. The amount of density needed to stop the universe from expanding and to begin the big crunch represented by Pc
Dwarf planets
Coldest surface
critical density
Parallax
46. Sa - Sb galaxies where two magnificent arms wind their way from nucleus out in a symmetrical manner.
Gravitational Lens
Sidereal Day
Grand design spirals
Dark matter candidates
47. Poitns of gravitational stability in the orbit of a planet
Main Sequence Stars
Lagrangian Razor
evidence of water on mars
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
48. The dimming of starlight by intervening dust
Interstellar Extinction
Proton-proton chain
Differential Rotation
blazar
49. A location on an H-are Diagram where evolving stars pulsate
HII Region
Instability strip
tectonics of Earth
Absorption Spectrum
50. Moon in less than the angular diameter of the Sun.
Resolving Power
Liquid metallic hydrogen
Annular Eclipse
Largest diameter