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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A location on an H-are Diagram where evolving stars pulsate
highlands
Spectroscopy
Instability strip
Degeneracy
2. Ganymede and Titan
MOONS: larger than mercury
molecular clouds
Atomic Number
deferent
3. A prominence seen against the disk of the sun
Sidereal Day
Filament
Gamma-ray Burst
Ole Roemer
4. Sc galaxies
nucleus
Precession
Poor Cluster
Flocculent spirals
5. A point in the sky where meteors appear to come from during a shower
Resolving Power
Supernova (You can be my supernova girl)
Continuous Spectrum
radiant
6. We can infer the absolute magnitude of pulsating variable stars by measuring their pulsation periods. The longer the pulsations - the greater their luminosities. We then again measure their apparent magnitudes - compare it with their absolute magnitu
Light: travels like a wave - detected like a particle
thinnest atmosphere
Oort Cloud
Cepheid variables
7. The distance light travels in one year (=9.46x10^12km).
Light-Year
radiation pressure
The Local Group
resonance
8. A galaxy emitting large amounts of energy at long wavelengths.
radio galaxy
Parallax
neutrino
greatest elongation
9. 1μm 100 nm
Electromagnetic Radiation: Visible Light
Plank's Law
Gamma-ray Burst
Pixel
10. Population 1- similar to the sun and 2% of elements are metal - Population 2- formed before gas was metal- only a fraction of mass is metal.
anorthosite
Chandrasekhar Limit
OB Associations
Population 1 vs Population 2 stars
11. The apparent backward motion of a planet against the background of stars.
evidence of water on mars
cosmological principle
Supercluster
retrograde motion
12. The process of acquiring material
Jupiters red spot
Jovian Planets
accretion
Negative - Diverge - Less than 1
13. The part of the Milky way that has on-going star formation
Interstellar Extinction
Perihelion
Disk
radiant
14. What causes the zones and belts on jupiter and saturn?
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
Celestial Equator
Resolving Power
Thermal Equilibrium
15. Light scattered through the atmosphere that degrades astronomical images
Light Pollution
Electromagnetic Radiation
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
density waves
16. Galaxies whose nuclei emit jets of materil at high speeds. material comes from supermassive black holes
Sunspot cycle
Ionization
Resolving Power
radio galaxy
17. The number of protons in an atom.
partile horizon
Atomic Number
Dark Nebula
epicycle
18. Saying that the sky should not get dark at night because all lines of sight end on a star meaning that the night sky should be ablaze BUT the big bang - because the universe had a beginning - says that the sky gets dark because out in space - galaxie
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19. Highlands: rocks are made of lighter anorthosite (similar to old earth rocks) Maria: rocks made of heavy mare basalt (volcanic rock) everywhere else is loose regolith created by meteoric impact.
Doppler Shift
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
Particle Horizon
Coldest surface
20. In an OPEN UNIVERSE - the curvature of space-time is ____ - Parallel beams will converge/diverge/remain parallel (circle one). The density parameter - Ω0 - is____.
Sunspots
Negative - Diverge - Less than 1
Molecular Clouds
Sa spiral galaxy
21. The class of all objects having high energy radiation coming from their nuclei. Active Galactic Nucleus- Blazars - Quasars - Radio and Emit synchrotron radiation
Electromagnetic Radiation: X-Ray
Pixel
dark energy
AGN
22. What do we think the actual fate of the universe will be and why do we think this?
Thermonuclear Fusion
CMB
Annular Eclipse
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
23. Places in the asteroid belt - caused by resonance with Jupiter - where there are no asteroids
synchrotron radiation
Cepheid Variable
Kirkwood gaps
Halo
24. 10^2 nm 10^7 nm
Milky way Galaxy
most eccentric orbit
disk
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
25. The seasonal shifting of a nearby star's position relative to more distant objects.
Focal Plane
MOONS: most geologically active
cosmic singularity
Parallax
26. The ratio of the actual density of the universe to the critical density. (actual density divided by the critical density
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
Pulsar
density parameter
Synodic Day
27. When the Sun is farthest south of the celestial equator (About December 22)
Focal Length
Ganymede (Jupiter)
Corona
Winter Solstice
28. A spherical shell of comets that orbit the sun at a great distance (roughly two light years from the sun)
Oort cloud
We don't know. It might be but does not have to be.
greehouse effects
fastest rotation
29. A faint - remarkably uniform distribution of radiation in space
Dark Matter
If it is in a denser medium - such as glass - it will move slower
Cosmic Microwave Background
fusion crust
30. Poitns of gravitational stability in the orbit of a planet
great red spot
Void
Lagrangian Razor
least dense
31. The philosophical stand that says a simpler explanation is more likely to be correct than a complicated one.
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32. The place in the sky that the Earth's axis points toward (can be either north or south)
Open Cluster
accretion disk
Colestial Pole
Turn off Point
33. Cold aggregates of gas - large and contain a huge amount of matter - so cold that molecules stick together to form molecules.
fusion crust
Main Sequence Stars
Corona
molecular clouds
34. A technique using computer-controlled mirrors to sharpen images distorted by the atmosphere
Active Optics
High Velocity Stars
Sb spiral galaxy
Seeing
35. A planet that is closer to the sun than the earth
inferior planets
Nowhere visible to us. If there are higher dimension then the center would be visible to someone who lives in one. If there are no higher dimensions then the center does not exist.
In an expanding universe all galaxies see all other galaxies that are not gravitationally bound to them receding away. This is what we see in the Hubble Law. We infer that the Hubble law also holds true for all other galaxies.
most eccentric orbit
36. A massive variable star used to find distances to the galaxies or clusters that contain them.
CMB
Hubble law
Cepheid Variable
Supercluster
37. Massive compact halo objects (MACHO) - weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPY's)
Dark matter candidates
Hipparchus
protostar
Open Cluster
38. Centered on the sun.
In an expanding universe all galaxies see all other galaxies that are not gravitationally bound to them receding away. This is what we see in the Hubble Law. We infer that the Hubble law also holds true for all other galaxies.
Heliocentric
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
39. Form honeycomb like patterns surrounding empty or nearly empty voids.
superclusters
Instability strip
zone
Convection
40. In Ptolemy's geocentric solar system - the small circle on which a planet moved.
Light Pollution
Electromagnetic Radiation: Infrared
epicycle
H2 Regions
41. Either Io -Europa - Ganymede - or Callisto
MOONS: largest size
Galilean satellite
Electromagnetic Radiation: Microwave
Parsec
42. An entity that is likely in the nucleus of most - if not all - galaxies.
smallest diameter
supermassive black hole
Seyfert galaxy
Ecliptic
43. The high- temperatature outer layer of the sun
Flat - Flat
chemical differentiation
Corona
Sb spiral galaxy
44. When one side of a body always faces the planet it revolves around
Synodic Day
shape and color of ELLIPTICAL galaxies
Photosphere
synchronous rotation
45. Wave- only waves cause an interference pattern when passing through a double slit - particle- only particles deposit energy at specific locations (the way an image builds up on digital camera)
epicycle
Light: travels like a wave - detected like a particle
Drake equation
Sb spiral galaxy
46. Venus
Thickest atmosphere
radio galaxy
Radio Galaxy
2 Reasons Why there are Supermassive Black holes at the center of every Galaxy
47. A push or a pull
smallest diameter
Wein's Law
force
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
48. Flat disk with gas - dust - H2 regions - molecular clouds - dust young stars and remnants of old planetary nebula and supernova remnants. stars spin together with similar velocities called differential rotation
disk
Europa (Jupiters moon)
Apollo asteroids
Poor Cluster
49. The point in its orbit where a planet is farthest from the sun
Roundest orbit
Inverse Square Law
aphelion
chemical differentiation
50. As open clusters age - they push gas away but dust remains this can reflect light giving the cluster a blue-ish color. also called reflection nebula
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
reflection star clusters
cosmic fireball
density