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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
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Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The fusion process that turns three helium nuclei into a carbon nucleus
Triple Alpha rocess
Europa (Jupiters moon)
Degeneracy
Neutron Star
2. A planet that is closer to the sun than the earth
Ecliptic
inferior planets
rotation curve = dark matter?
anorthosite
3. A term referring to Jupiter-like planets
reflection star clusters
Filament
Io (jupiters moon)
jovian
4. A word meaning 'the same everywhere throughout.'
radio lobe
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
It does not have to expand into anything. It might just be that the 3 dimensions of space are getting bigger. It may also be that our 3 spatial dimensions are expanding into higher dimensions if such things exist.
homogeneous
5. 10 nm 10^2 nm
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
Dark matter is located at center of clusters - pulling the cluster members into faster orbits--dark matter gravity keeps objects in galxies bound.
Main Sequence
Electromagnetic Radiation: X-Ray
6. We can infer the absolute magnitude of pulsating variable stars by measuring their pulsation periods. The longer the pulsations - the greater their luminosities. We then again measure their apparent magnitudes - compare it with their absolute magnitu
Cepheid variables
great red spot
radio galaxy
density
7. A measure of how an object resists accelerating when acted upon by a force. It is proportional the amount of matter in an object
Brown dwarf
Light Curve
How is winding dilemma solved?
mass
8. A cloud of ionized hydrogen. Formed when young stars heat the surrounding gas
Coronal Loop
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
HII Region
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
9. As open clusters age - they push gas away but dust remains this can reflect light giving the cluster a blue-ish color. also called reflection nebula
supernova
Zenith
reflection star clusters
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
10. Wave- only waves cause an interference pattern when passing through a double slit - particle- only particles deposit energy at specific locations (the way an image builds up on digital camera)
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
Spectral Lines
Light: travels like a wave - detected like a particle
11. A spinning neutron star
Filament
Pulsar
Io (jupiters moon)
radiation dominated universe
12. Young clusters in disk are irregularly shaped since they have no time to relax into the rounder relaxed shape of globular clusters-will constantly be torn apart and assimilated.
Celestial Sphere
Colestial Pole
fusion crust
open star clusters
13. Centered on the sun.
Sidereal Day
Spectroscopic Parallax
Focal Plane
Heliocentric
14. The time when the universe cooled sufficiently for atoms to exist. radiation dominated= first 300000 years - THEN era of recombination turns into matter dominated for next.
Color Index
superclusters
Big Bang
era of recombination
15. Ganymede and Titan
coma
Annular Eclipse
MOONS: larger than mercury
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
16. In what chemical form are jupiters nitrogen - carbon and oxygen?
Meridian
Reflector
Ammonia - methane - and water
tectonics of Mars
17. In a CLOSED UNIVERSE - the curvature of space-time is _________. Parallel beams will converge/diverge/remain parallel (circle one). The density parameter - Ω0 - is _____.
Corona
Continuous Spectrum
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
Umbra
18. All wavelengths of light emitted by a blackbody.
Blackbody Curve
accretion
Proton-proton chain
critical density
19. When the Moon entirely blocks the Sun.
greatest elongation
Autumnal Equinox
Total Eclipse
Differential Rotation
20. The universe is isotropic - homogeneous - and without beginning or end in time and space. If the universe is truly homogeneous then every line of sight will eventually end on a galaxy. If it has existed forever then there has been enough time for lig
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21. The location around an atom where an electron resides.
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
Energy Level
Colestial Pole
Spectral Lines
22. A younger cluster of stars - found in the galaxy disk
Open Cluster
Gamma ray bursts
Dark Nebula
Flare
23. The number of protons in an atom.
Objective Lens
Atomic Number
Reflector
HII Region
24. Disk dust grains are made of all the elements that are not in gaseous form in space which blocks starlight and causes interstellar extinction
E=mc2
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
evidence of water on mars
interstellar dust
25. In an OPEN UNIVERSE - the curvature of space-time is ____ - Parallel beams will converge/diverge/remain parallel (circle one). The density parameter - Ω0 - is____.
Proton-proton chain
Neutron Star
radio lobe
Negative - Diverge - Less than 1
26. The equation that describes how matter equates with energy
E=mc2
Zenith
reflection star clusters
Electromagnetic Radiation
27. A representation of the changes in color and brightness of an evolving protostar.
solar nebula
Liquid metallic hydrogen
Spectroscopic parallax
Hyashi track
28. Consists of old red stars in slow orbits that plunge through disk and bulge. about 1% are old - round globular clusters.
Atomic Number
Halo
partile horizon
Active Optics
29. Star speed at outer edge of galaxy should begin to diminish - but they dont so we guess that this means there is increasing force (aka dark matter)
rotation curve = dark matter?
3 reasons we orbit satellites to observe universe
Spectroscopy
Secondary Mirror
30. Sc galaxies where star formation and destruction is so rapid that supernova explosions are mainly responsible for compressing gas to create new stars.
Big Crunch
self-propagating star formation
Oort Cloud
Absorption Spectrum
31. The number of protons in an atom.
Terrestrial Planets
Objective Lens
Atomic Number
Apparent Magnitude
32. Poitns of gravitational stability in the orbit of a planet
Main Sequence Stars
Lagrangian Razor
anorthosite
Wein's Law
33. The apparent backward motion of a planet against the background of stars.
retrograde motion
CNO Cycle
fastest rotation
CMB
34. Either Io -Europa - Ganymede - or Callisto
Galilean satellite
The Big Bang Theory
Chromosphere
Parsec
35. The fate of the universe if it is closed. The universe expanding as much as possible and then retracting
OB Associations
Big Crunch
least dense
accretion
36. After stars form they pump light energy into surrounding gas causing it to heat up and glow (H2=ionized hydrogen - H1= neutral hydrogen in molcular couds)
differential rotation
H2 Regions
Big Crunch
Apollo asteroids
37. The point in its orbit where a planet is farthest from the sun
Dwarf planets
Reflector
accretion
aphelion
38. Plate tectonics due to thickness of crust and maintain their general form when they collide-where most volcanoes are.
synchronous rotation
Electromagnetic Radiation
tectonics of Earth
quasar
39. The act of removing an electron from an atom.
Ionization
comet
quarks
Electromagnetic Radiation: X-Ray
40. Jupiter
fusion crust
most moons
Io (jupiters moon)
evidence of water on mars
41. Hot cells of gas that rise and fall in the hotosphere
Granules
open star clusters
weight
Magnification
42. A cool collection of gas and dust silhouetted against a brighter background of stars and/or gas
tectonics of Venus
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
Dark Nebula
300000 KM/sec
43. Form honeycomb like patterns surrounding empty or nearly empty voids.
Rich vs poor clusters
SETI
superclusters
Open - flat - and closed.
44. A term referring to Earth-like planets
Cepheid variables
terrestrial planet
comet
Cosmic Microwave Background
45. The distance light travels in one year (=9.46x10^12km).
Parallax
Light-Year
Resolving Power
Bok Globule
46. The particle horizon is the farthest we can see. It exists because the universe had a beginning and thus a definite age. Light from distances farther away from the particle horizon have not had time to reach us yet.
Particle Horizon
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
great red spot
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
47. A bridge of material held in position above the solar surface. They can remain for hours even days
Prominence
quarks
Reflector
Grand design spirals
48. A massive variable star used to find distances to the galaxies or clusters that contain them.
Cepheid Variable
Thickest atmosphere
Penumbra
protostar
49. The area behind a lens where images are resolved
Focal Plane
Parallax
Parallax
critical density
50. Dark - reddish - low-pressure bands in Jupiter's atmosphere
Wein's Law
Cassegrain Focus
belt
Degeneracy
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