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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. When particles are compressed to an unnatural state where their pressure is not related to their temperature
critical density
Degeneracy
300000 KM/sec
Reflector
2. A telescope that uses lenses to focus light
Refractor
Flocculent spirals
Seeing
Yes - frozen at the poles- remains protected from the suns rays
3. The measure of a variable star's apparent magnitude as it brightens and dims with time
Light Curve
synchronous rotation
Nebula
Energy Level
4. Thick rigid crust - no longer has plate tectonics but still has convective hot spots that create earth-like volcanoes except that last for billions of years because of lack of tectonics.
tectonics of Mars
Yes - frozen at the poles- remains protected from the suns rays
Metals
Gravity only pulls matter back together. Therefore - if gravity is the only force that operates on cosmic scales then the expansion of the universe should decrease with time. The critical density is the value of matter density sufficient to halt the
5. How did Earth come to have an oxygen rich atmosphere?
Magnification
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
Most dense
Focal Length
6. Moon in less than the angular diameter of the Sun.
Annular Eclipse
Meridian
Bok Globule
Europa (Jupiters moon)
7. The linear correlation between the rate of the expansion of the universe and distance. Says that as galaxies get farther away in space - the speed with which they recede from us increases. So we can measure the amount of recessional velocity and use
Hubble law
terrestrial planet
Inverse Square Law
fastest rotation
8. An evolved star - past the helium flash that is burning helium to carbon in it's cores
Turn off Point
Light Curve
roche limit
Horizontal Branch Star
9. The law that syas light energy from a blackbody increases as (temperature^4)
Cassini division
self-propagating star formation
Stephen-Boltzman Law
solar nebula
10. A logarithmically scaled value for the measured brightness of a star.
matter dominated universe
If it is in a denser medium - such as glass - it will move slower
Jupiters red spot
Apparent Magnitude
11. The area behind a lens where images are resolved
Focal Plane
superclusters
Hubble constant
Shepherd satellite
12. A representation of the changes in color and brightness of an evolving protostar.
Hyashi track
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
meteorite
tectonics of Earth
13. The faint glow of light left over from the Big Bang. cosmic microwave background are the photons that remain after the big bang that have not turned into matter.
Sunspot cycle
CMB
MOONS: most geologically active
radiation dominated universe
14. VENUS
weight
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
The Local Group
radiant
15. The layer of the sun just above the photosphere
greehouse effects
Hubble law
direct motion
Chromosphere
16. The Big Bang was not an explosion of matter into empty space - like the explosion of a bomb. Instead - it was an emergence of space and time filled with pure energy where before none of this was present. The point from which is emerged is called the
inferior planets
Brown dwarf
Cosmological Principle
The Big Bang Theory
17. After stars form they pump light energy into surrounding gas causing it to heat up and glow (H2=ionized hydrogen - H1= neutral hydrogen in molcular couds)
Globular Cluster
conjunction
density parameter
H2 Regions
18. The final end state of an intermediate to high mass star. An entity in which all the electrons have been pushed into the protons.
Eyepiece Lens
Neutron Star
plate tectonics
fewest moons
19. The lens in a telescope used to determine the magnification
Io (jupiters moon)
Focal Plane
Eyepiece Lens
Heliocentric
20. What do we think the actual fate of the universe will be and why do we think this?
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
Halo
era of recombination
fastest rotation
21. 10 cm -> 1 mm
Synodic Day
Electromagnetic Radiation: Microwave
Trojan asteroids
Electromagnetic Radiation: Visible Light
22. The first rock-sized bodies that formed in the solar nebula from dust grains
shape and color of SPIRAL galaxies
chondrite
Perihelion
Instability strip
23. Small moons that maintain the shape of rings around Saturn and Uranus
synchronous rotation
Shepherd satellite
Differential Rotation
Globular Cluster
24. Originially thought to be stars emitting radio radiation but are now concluded to be nuclei of distant galaxies (same as radio galaxies aka emit streams of material)
quasar
Neutron Star
OB Associations
accretion
25. Light scattered through the atmosphere that degrades astronomical images
Nowhere visible to us. If there are higher dimension then the center would be visible to someone who lives in one. If there are no higher dimensions then the center does not exist.
Light Pollution
Umbra
Parallax
26. What Ole Roemer used to measure the speed of light in a vacuum
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
Thickest atmosphere
The Big Bang Theory
Sunspots
27. The ratio of the actual density of the universe to the critical density. (actual density divided by the critical density
cosmic singularity
evidence of water on mars
density parameter
Roundest orbit
28. Dying small mass stars lose their outer layers in a relatively gentle way - creating a round or bipolar nebula about the star (round like planets)
Electromagnetic Radiation: Infrared
matter dominated universe
Titus-Bode Law
planetary nebula
29. The oldest grouping of stars - found in the galaxy halo
Eyepiece Lens
Globular Cluster
Stephen-Boltzman Law
MOONS: roundest shape
30. A plot of star absolute magnitude verses spectral type.
Active Optics
Electromagnetic Radiation: X-Ray
H-are Diagram
great dark spots
31. Star speed at outer edge of galaxy should begin to diminish - but they dont so we guess that this means there is increasing force (aka dark matter)
Photometry
rotation curve = dark matter?
nucleus
chondrite
32. VENUS
Radio Galaxy
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
chemical differentiation
Flare
33. A star without enough mass to begin hydrogen fusion
Parsec
Focal Plane
mapping the structure of Milky Way disk
Brown dwarf
34. Extremely round - lots of liquid water - ice rafts on surface ACTIVE SURFACE
Nova
Convection
Thermonuclear Fusion
Europa (Jupiters moon)
35. What causes the zones and belts on jupiter and saturn?
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
Gamma-ray Burst
Magnification
Lagrangian Razor
36. Poitns of gravitational stability in the orbit of a planet
Focal Length
Lagrangian Razor
Ecliptic
The Big Bang Theory
37. Jupiter
Brown dwarf
most moons
meteoriod
Rich vs poor clusters
38. The study of the universe as a whole.
Liquid metallic hydrogen
Wein's Law
acceleration
cosmology
39. Very center of galaxy. suggestion of a black hole
Supernova (You can be my supernova girl)
It does not have to expand into anything. It might just be that the 3 dimensions of space are getting bigger. It may also be that our 3 spatial dimensions are expanding into higher dimensions if such things exist.
Shepherd satellite
nucleus
40. The dark - relativley smooth areas on the moon; Latin for sea
critical density
Main Sequence Stars
Superior planets
Maria
41. The oldest part of the Milky Way
Halo
Dark Nebula
superclusters
Blackbody Curve
42. The point in its orbit where a planet is nearest the sun
Perihelion
Kirchhoff's Law
inferior planets
era of recombination
43. A term referring to the orbital character of stars near the Sun
solar nebula
Heliocentric
Differential Rotation
smallest diameter
44. Clouds of low density gas often found glowing faintly on either side of an AGN.
Dark matter candidates
AGN
Filament
radio lobe
45. Matter that reveals itself only through its gravitational attraction
radiation pressure
Spectroscopic Parallax
Dark Matter
Color Index
46. A planet that is farther from the sun than the Earth is
Secondary Mirror
Superior planets
Kirkwood gaps
H-are Diagram
47. The trapping of heat by carbon dioxide or other gases in the Earth's atmosphere.
Titus-Bode Law
How is winding dilemma solved?
accretion
greehouse effects
48. Jupiter
Nucleus
terrestrial planet
Largest diameter
A family of radiant energy- includes light
49. Sc galaxies where star formation and destruction is so rapid that supernova explosions are mainly responsible for compressing gas to create new stars.
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
self-propagating star formation
Oort Cloud
Thermonuclear Fusion
50. The surface of the sun
resonance
Coronal Loop
Apparent Magnitude
Photosphere