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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A bright area of higher temperature that often proceeds the formation of sunspots.
Absorption Spectrum
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
Density Wave
Plague
2. A small round distribution of gas surrounding a dying star
Planetary Nebula
Sunspot cycle
Electromagnetic Radiation
density parameter
3. The distance light travels in one year (=9.46x10^12km).
Nucleus
conjunction
rotation curve = dark matter?
Light-Year
4. The opaque universe that existed for 300000 years after the Big Bang. (photons outnumbered nuclei by 1 billion to one - so less light)
radiation dominated universe
mare basalt
In an expanding universe all galaxies see all other galaxies that are not gravitationally bound to them receding away. This is what we see in the Hubble Law. We infer that the Hubble law also holds true for all other galaxies.
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
5. The place in the sky that the Earth's axis points toward (can be either north or south)
Colestial Pole
Terrestrial Planets
Coronal Loop
general star population
6. IO
Population 1 vs Population 2 stars
MOONS: most geologically active
Steady State Theory (Leads to Olber's Paradox)
Focal Length
7. Is there water on the moon?
Gravitational Lens
acceleration
Halo
Yes - frozen at the poles- remains protected from the suns rays
8. The rotation of a star or planet at different speeds at its equator and poles
Spectral Lines
quarks
differential rotation
Kirkwood gaps
9. Galaxies whose nuclei emit jets of materil at high speeds. material comes from supermassive black holes
critical density
meteor
molecular clouds
radio galaxy
10. We can infer the absolute magnitude of pulsating variable stars by measuring their pulsation periods. The longer the pulsations - the greater their luminosities. We then again measure their apparent magnitudes - compare it with their absolute magnitu
Hubble law
Kuiper belt
Electromagnetic Radiation: Visible Light
Cepheid variables
11. A change in the wavelength of light caused by a motion between the observer and light (or wave) source (blue shift if getting closer - red shift if moving away)
supernova
tectonics of Earth
Doppler Shift
aphelion
12. When material is heated and moves taking the heat energy with it
Convection
E=mc2
evidence of water on mars
Parallax
13. A spectrum of light with energy at only a few wavelengths.
Main Sequence Stars
Steady State Theory (Leads to Olber's Paradox)
Ground State
Emission Spectrum
14. When massive objects bend space and time enough to create multiple images of an object located behind them
quasar
Radio Galaxy
Gravitational Lens
Cosmic Microwave Background
15. The linear correlation between the rate of the expansion of the universe and distance. Says that as galaxies get farther away in space - the speed with which they recede from us increases. So we can measure the amount of recessional velocity and use
direct motion
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
Population 1 vs Population 2 stars
Hubble law
16. The lens in a telescope used to determine the magnification
Ole Roemer
Radio Galaxy
Eyepiece Lens
Precession
17. The mirror that determines the focus configuration of a reflector
homogeneous
CCD
Red Giant Branch Star
Secondary Mirror
18. All wavelengths of light emitted by a blackbody.
Extrasolar Planet
Blackbody Curve
force
Spectroscopic Parallax
19. The shadow behind the Earth or Moon where the Sun is partially obscured.
Hyashi track
molecular clouds
Penumbra
Meridian
20. Matter that reveals itself only through its gravitational attraction
Dark Matter
aphelion
direct motion
Spectroscopic parallax
21. A bridge of material held in position above the solar surface. They can remain for hours even days
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
Plank's Law
Oort Cloud
Prominence
22. A highly variable galaxy nucleus of which BL Lac is one. Their light is highly energetic and their spectra are featureless. (face on)
blazar
Main Sequence Stars
cosmic fireball
Flat - Flat
23. A cool collection of gas and dust silhouetted against a brighter background of stars and/or gas
Colestial Pole
Celestial Equator
Dark Nebula
quarks
24. Wave- only waves cause an interference pattern when passing through a double slit - particle- only particles deposit energy at specific locations (the way an image builds up on digital camera)
shape and color of SPIRAL galaxies
Electromagnetic Radiation
quarks
Light: travels like a wave - detected like a particle
25. In a CLOSED UNIVERSE - the curvature of space-time is _________. Parallel beams will converge/diverge/remain parallel (circle one). The density parameter - Ω0 - is _____.
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
Kirkwood gaps
Electromagnetic Radiation: Microwave
Focal Plane
26. Neptune or uranus
HII Region
Radio Galaxy
Total Eclipse
Coldest surface
27. The telescope configuration that has the focus placed at the back of the primary mirror
Titus-Bode Law
Electromagnetic Radiation: Microwave
Cassegrain Focus
Primary Mirror
28. Relativity predicts that nothing can travel faster than the speed of light in a vacuum - How can it move slower?
If it is in a denser medium - such as glass - it will move slower
Electromagnetic Radiation: Microwave
Electromagnetic Radiation
Big Bang
29. Ganymede and Titan
Horizontal Branch Star
Zenith
slowest rotation
MOONS: larger than mercury
30. Hot cells of gas that rise and fall in the hotosphere
meteorite
Neutron Star
Granules
Sunspot cycle
31. Highlands: rocks are made of lighter anorthosite (similar to old earth rocks) Maria: rocks made of heavy mare basalt (volcanic rock) everywhere else is loose regolith created by meteoric impact.
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
quasar
Secondary Mirror
Dark Matter
32. Dying large-mass stars lose their outer layers in a violent explosion creating large - chaotic remnants. these brighten like nova but are so much brighter and only occur ONCE PER STAR
Blackbody
Hubble constant
aphelion
supernova
33. After stars form they pump light energy into surrounding gas causing it to heat up and glow (H2=ionized hydrogen - H1= neutral hydrogen in molcular couds)
supernova
H2 Regions
semimajor axis
Flat - Flat
34. A crystalline patter found in iron meteorites
widmanstatten pattern
aurora
Colestial Pole
Electromagnetic Radiation: X-Ray
35. The rock that makes up the lunar maria
Coldest surface
HII Region
mare basalt
regolith
36. Massive compact halo objects (MACHO) - weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPY's)
epicycle
CMB
MOONS: roundest shape
Dark matter candidates
37. A toroidal or donut-shaped collection of material attracted to a central body like a star or black hole. Dust around an object
Cosmological Principle
cosmic singularity
accretion disk
Sunspot cycle
38. A method of finding a star's distance from its absolute magnitude and spectral type or color.
Titus-Bode Law
Poor Cluster
Spectroscopic Parallax
Jovian Planets
39. The oldest grouping of stars - found in the galaxy halo
OB Associations
Ganymede (Jupiter)
Globular Cluster
Inverse Square Law
40. A planet that is farther from the sun than the Earth is
Continuous Spectrum
Autumnal Equinox
Superior planets
Kirchhoff's Law
41. The mirror that gathers the light in a reflector
Primary Mirror
Dark Matter
Color Index
Metals
42. The oldest grouping of stars - found in the galaxy halo
Geocentric
MOONS: roundest shape
The Big Bang Theory resolves Olber's Paradox
Globular Cluster
43. Approximate speed of light in a vacuum
cosmic fireball
semimajor axis
300000 KM/sec
chemical differentiation
44. In a FLAT UNIVERSE(our universe) - the curvature of space-time is ________. Parallel beams will converge/diverge/remain parallel (circle one). The density parameter - Ω0 - is _____.
direct motion
Autumnal Equinox
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
Electromagnetic Radiation
45. The process similar to conduction by which energy moves from the solar core to the convective layer
Flare
quarks
Radiative Diffusion
It does not have to expand into anything. It might just be that the 3 dimensions of space are getting bigger. It may also be that our 3 spatial dimensions are expanding into higher dimensions if such things exist.
46. The source of the force that is accelerating the expansion rate of the universe.
dark energy
Kuiper belt
meteor shower
radiation dominated universe
47. Centered on the sun.
Callisto (Jupiter)
Heliocentric
Earth resurfaces itself due to erosion and plate tectonics - while the moon has neither.
Drake equation
48. The act of removing an electron from an atom.
Ionization
Active Optics
accretion
Planetary Nebula
49. Hydrogen and helium (mainly)
Poor Cluster
H-are Diagram
Make up of the jovian planets
chondrite
50. Europa
semimajor axis
MOONS: roundest shape
Bok Globule
Ionization