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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The average distance between the Earth and the Sun (=1.5 x10^8km)
Astronomical Unit
semimajor axis
Coldest surface
Big Bang
2. The average distance between the Earth and the Sun (=1.5 x10^8km)
Astronomical Unit
Interstellar Extinction
great dark spots
planetary nebula
3. Places in the asteroid belt - caused by resonance with Jupiter - where there are no asteroids
Radio Galaxy
accretion disk
Kirkwood gaps
The Big Bang Theory resolves Olber's Paradox
4. The state of having a balance between inward and outard pressures in a gas--the inward force from gravity is balanced by the outward force from heat.
semimajor axis
asteroid
Occam's razor
Hydrostatic Equilibrium
5. A galaxy emitting large amounts of energy at long wavelengths.
radio galaxy
Sa spiral galaxy
Celestial Equator
rotation curve=winding dilemma?
6. The rotation of a star or planet at different speeds at its equator and poles
radio galaxy
differential rotation
Flocculent spirals
Celestial Sphere
7. A highly variable galaxy nucleus of which BL Lac is one. Their light is highly energetic and their spectra are featureless. (face on)
Gamma ray bursts
blazar
slowest rotation
Winter Solstice
8. A word meaning 'the same in all directions.'
isotropic
great red spot
Nebula
Dark matter is located at center of clusters - pulling the cluster members into faster orbits--dark matter gravity keeps objects in galxies bound.
9. A word meaning 'the same in all directions.'
Superior planets
Electron
Milky way Galaxy
isotropic
10. The apparent path of the Sun through the stars on the celestial sphere.
Grand design spirals
Ecliptic
rotation curve = dark matter?
Most dense
11. The distance between a lens and its focal plane
Focal Length
Electromagnetic Radiation
standard candle
epicycle
12. Any class of objects with a uniform luminosity used to determine distance.
differential rotation
Flocculent spirals
standard candle
Hubble constant
13. Where is the center of the expansion
disk
Differential Rotation
Nowhere visible to us. If there are higher dimension then the center would be visible to someone who lives in one. If there are no higher dimensions then the center does not exist.
Electromagnetic Radiation: Infrared
14. Milky way galaxy is a member - a small poor cluster-about 30 galaxies
The Local Group
Ole Roemer
tectonics of Earth
Bulge
15. The law that predicts the possible types of spectra.
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16. The rate of expansion of the universe.
Hubble constant
Kuiper belt
Particle Horizon
Lagrangian Razor
17. Poitns of gravitational stability in the orbit of a planet
Convection
Focal Length
shape and color of ELLIPTICAL galaxies
Lagrangian Razor
18. The displacement of spectral lines to redder colors caused by the expansion of the universe.
Gravity only pulls matter back together. Therefore - if gravity is the only force that operates on cosmic scales then the expansion of the universe should decrease with time. The critical density is the value of matter density sufficient to halt the
cosmological red shift
nova
meteoriod
19. Venus
Thermonuclear Fusion
self-propagating star formation
Photometry
Roundest orbit
20. The mirror that determines the focus configuration of a reflector
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
Convection
Electromagnetic Radiation: Infrared
Secondary Mirror
21. 30AU to 50Au from sun - consists of ancietn premordial objects made of frozen ice and dust-35000 objects or more that are larger than 100 km in diameter and many more smaller than this
Kuiper belt
Atomic Number
Zenith
radiation dominated universe
22. IO
cosmology
Hyashi track
MOONS: most geologically active
3 reasons we orbit satellites to observe universe
23. The law that predicts the possible types of spectra.
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24. Norhern lowlands- darker in color and have far fewer craters as if an ancient sea or ice field covered them. southern highlands- much higher in density of craters.
Heliocentric
Kirchhoff's Law
slowest rotation
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
25. The projection of the Earth's equator onto the celestial sphere.
open star clusters
Black Hole
Prominence
Celestial Equator
26. Sa - Sb galaxies where two magnificent arms wind their way from nucleus out in a symmetrical manner.
conjunction
Filament
Grand design spirals
Cepheid variables
27. The part of the Milky way that has on-going star formation
SETI
open star clusters
Disk
meteor shower
28. The rock that makes up the lunar highlands
Celestial Equator
In an expanding universe all galaxies see all other galaxies that are not gravitationally bound to them receding away. This is what we see in the Hubble Law. We infer that the Hubble law also holds true for all other galaxies.
anorthosite
mass
29. Large nebula consisting of very cold gas and dust
Secondary Mirror
planetary nebula
Molecular Clouds
Synchrotron Rotation
30. 10 nm 10^2 nm
Nebula
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
Photometry
Electromagnetic Radiation: X-Ray
31. The instant of time after the Big Bang when space and time obtained their characteristics. (t=10^-43 sec when gravity freezes out-instant when gravity started existing as a separate force)
Planck time
matter dominated universe
Photometry
self-propagating star formation
32. Material that shoots rapidly out into space. Flares cause Auroras
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
Terrestrial Planets
Flare
radiation dominated universe
33. A phenomenon seen when the Earth passes through the orbit of a burned out comet
Electromagnetic Radiation: Visible Light
meteor shower
Photon
Spectroscopic parallax
34. What do we think the actual fate of the universe will be and why do we think this?
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
Neutron Star
Heliocentric
Big Bang
35. Hydrogen and helium (mainly)
Make up of the jovian planets
3 reasons we orbit satellites to observe universe
Blackbody Curve
great dark spots
36. The location in the Milky Way where stars orbit like a solid wheel
nova
cosmic fireball
chondrite
Bulge
37. 1-orbit aroudn the sun 2- are in hydrostatic equilibrium and 'mostly round' 3- have not cleared debris around its orbit 4- are not satellites
Electromagnetic Radiation: Microwave
Population 1 vs Population 2 stars
radiation pressure
Dwarf planets
38. Mercury
most eccentric orbit
Earth resurfaces itself due to erosion and plate tectonics - while the moon has neither.
MOONS: largest size
radiant
39. 1μm 100 nm
Molecular Clouds
Electromagnetic Radiation: Visible Light
Instability strip
Callisto (Jupiter)
40. A term referring to the orbital character of stars near the Sun
Differential Rotation
Atomic Number
terrestrial planet
accretion disk
41. The universe is isotropic - homogeneous - and without beginning or end in time and space. If the universe is truly homogeneous then every line of sight will eventually end on a galaxy. If it has existed forever then there has been enough time for lig
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42. Orbit in Jupiters orbit
Electromagnetic Radiation: Radio
Trojan asteroids
Hydrostatic Equilibrium
belt
43. The high- temperatature outer layer of the sun
Ionization
great red spot
Corona
Sb spiral galaxy
44. 10 cm -> 1 mm
evidence of water on mars
Population 1 vs Population 2 stars
Electromagnetic Radiation: Microwave
Ole Roemer
45. Then the Sun moves from north to south across the celestial equator (about September 23)
Interstellar Extinction
most eccentric orbit
Autumnal Equinox
A family of radiant energy- includes light
46. Dark areas on the sun that are cooler than the surrounding photosphere
Sunspots
Spectroscopic parallax
Ecliptic
aphelion
47. A two-filter measure of the color - and hence temperature - of a star.
CCD
Convection
Color Index
Nowhere visible to us. If there are higher dimension then the center would be visible to someone who lives in one. If there are no higher dimensions then the center does not exist.
48. Star speed at outer edge of galaxy should begin to diminish - but they dont so we guess that this means there is increasing force (aka dark matter)
rotation curve = dark matter?
Kuiper belt
Convection
Spectroscopic parallax
49. The 'edge' of the universe. Light beyond this has not reached us yet.
Coronal Loop
Plague
partile horizon
How is winding dilemma solved?
50. The cosmological principle is the assumption that the universe is isotropic and homogeneous.The Big Bang assumes it to be a correct principle so that what we observe is exactly like What is too far away to be observed.
E=mc2
Gravitational Lens
open star clusters
Cosmological Principle