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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A galaxy emitting large amounts of energy at long wavelengths.
Most dense
radio galaxy
Rich vs poor clusters
superclusters
2. The linear correlation between the rate of the expansion of the universe and distance. Says that as galaxies get farther away in space - the speed with which they recede from us increases. So we can measure the amount of recessional velocity and use
great dark spots
Hubble law
greehouse effects
bulge
3. When material is heated and moves taking the heat energy with it
Convection
Perihelion
Yes - frozen at the poles- remains protected from the suns rays
Inverse Square Law
4. When material is heated and moves taking the heat energy with it
In an expanding universe all galaxies see all other galaxies that are not gravitationally bound to them receding away. This is what we see in the Hubble Law. We infer that the Hubble law also holds true for all other galaxies.
Poor Cluster
Convection
Absolute Magnitude
5. 1 mm 1μm
belt
Chandrasekhar Limit
Electromagnetic Radiation: Infrared
dark matter
6. An important quality of telescopes that increases as the square of the primary mirror or objective lens
force
Electromagnetic Radiation: Ultraviolet Light
Jovian Planets
Light Gathering Power
7. The rotation period of the Earth measured relative to the Sun.
coma
cosmic singularity
Synodic Day
solar nebula
8. The light produced when particles from the sun collide with atmospheric molecules
aurora
conjunction
Focal Length
Focal Plane
9. The science of measuring the apparent magnitudes of stars by imaging them through different filters.
Roundest orbit
Photometry
The Local Group
Shepherd satellite
10. Why do Galaxies move very rapidly in the interiors of the dense clusters?
cosmological principle
Dark matter is located at center of clusters - pulling the cluster members into faster orbits--dark matter gravity keeps objects in galxies bound.
Ground State
Kirkwood gaps
11. A prominence seen against the disk of the sun
Photon
supernova
Nucleus
Filament
12. The Big Bang says that the universe has not existed forever. It had a distinct beginning about 14 billion years ago called the 'Big Bang'. Therefore light from any object more than 14 billion light years away has not had time to reach us. The other p
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13. Matter that reveals itself only through its gravitational attraction.
Chandrasekhar Limit
Photon
jovian
dark matter
14. The source of the force that is accelerating the expansion rate of the universe.
plate tectonics
Astronomical Unit
Olber's paradox
dark energy
15. A cloud of ionized hydrogen. Formed when young stars heat the surrounding gas
Dark Nebula
Neutron Star
Shepherd satellite
HII Region
16. Old - pock marked - icy surface - interior is not differentiated - geologically dead - NOT ACTIVE SURFACE
Callisto (Jupiter)
quarks
Asymptotic giant Branch Star
Milky way Galaxy
17. Places in the asteroid belt - caused by resonance with Jupiter - where there are no asteroids
Kirkwood gaps
Doppler Shift
Yes - frozen at the poles- remains protected from the suns rays
isotropic
18. The relation that tells how light dims with distance.
Plague
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
Inverse Square Law
terrestrial planet
19. The point in its orbit where a planet is nearest the sun
Kuiper belt
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
Perihelion
20. The state of having a balance between inflowing and outflowing heat-- the temp at every radial point is different but constant
Light Curve
Largest diameter
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
Thermal Equilibrium
21. A collection of galaxies like the one the Milky Way belongs to
Emission Spectrum
Poor Cluster
Maria
Asymptotic giant Branch Star
22. Ganymede
3 reasons we orbit satellites to observe universe
Negative - Diverge - Less than 1
MOONS: largest size
Quasar
23. Ancient stream channels - flood planes - and sedimentary-type rock. Frozen water is found in the polar ice caps and in the soil.
MOONS: larger than mercury
MOONS: most geologically active
MOONS: largest size
evidence of water on mars
24. The surface of the sun
fastest rotation
Coronal Loop
Photosphere
widmanstatten pattern
25. A star that is in the process of forming. It glows from gravitational contraction
most eccentric orbit
Active Optics
Jovian Planets
protostar
26. How is the Hubble Law consistent with an expanding universe?
disk
Photosphere
In an expanding universe all galaxies see all other galaxies that are not gravitationally bound to them receding away. This is what we see in the Hubble Law. We infer that the Hubble law also holds true for all other galaxies.
CCD
27. A fusion process in which protons build together to form helium
Trojan asteroids
Big Bang
Proton-proton chain
Zenith
28. A term referring to Earth-like planets
terrestrial planet
Zenith
planetary nebula
widmanstatten pattern
29. A cool collection of gas and dust silhouetted against a brighter background of stars and/or gas
MOONS: larger than mercury
Ole Roemer
Dark Nebula
Penumbra
30. The apparent path of the Sun through the stars on the celestial sphere.
Negative - Diverge - Less than 1
Absolute Magnitude
Granules
Ecliptic
31. An entity that is likely in the nucleus of most - if not all - galaxies.
Instability strip
supermassive black hole
Blackbody
Photon
32. The fusion process that turns three helium nuclei into a carbon nucleus
Triple Alpha rocess
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
Stephen-Boltzman Law
Dwarf planets
33. What are the three possible geometries of the universe?
Lagrangian Razor
Open - flat - and closed.
matter dominated universe
radio galaxy
34. Finding a star's absolute magnitude from it's placement on an HR diagram. After finding the absolute magnitude - we measure the apparent magnitude - for a distance modulus and use this to find the distance. This method is good for finding distances t
Cassegrain Focus
Dwarf planets
Gamma-ray Burst
Spectroscopic parallax
35. The ratio of the actual density of the universe to the critical density. (actual density divided by the critical density
Absolute Magnitude
dark matter
Photosphere
density parameter
36. Sc galaxies
protostar
Flocculent spirals
Cosmic Microwave Background
Coronal Loop
37. The location in an H-are diagram of a star cluster - where stars have just left the main sequence. Used to estimate the cluster age.
Turn off Point
Neutron Star
Photometry
homogeneous
38. The entity from which the whole universe is postulated to have come from.
cosmic singularity
Kirchhoff's Law
meteor
E=mc2
39. A representation of the changes in color and brightness of an evolving protostar.
Dark matter is located at center of clusters - pulling the cluster members into faster orbits--dark matter gravity keeps objects in galxies bound.
Apparent Magnitude
Magnification
Hyashi track
40. A large - irregularly shaped rocky object orbiting the sun mostly between mars and jupiter. Left-over planetesimals
Energy Level
asteroid
Light Curve
mass
41. Light-colored high-pressure bands in Jupiter's atmosphere
terrestrial planet
great red spot
zone
Grand design spirals
42. Extremely round - lots of liquid water - ice rafts on surface ACTIVE SURFACE
Europa (Jupiters moon)
Sb spiral galaxy
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
Autumnal Equinox
43. Originially thought to be stars emitting radio radiation but are now concluded to be nuclei of distant galaxies (same as radio galaxies aka emit streams of material)
aphelion
Cepheid variables
Flat - Flat
quasar
44. The process of acquiring material
Europa (Jupiters moon)
accretion
Triple Alpha rocess
Gamma-ray Burst
45. The point directly overhead.
Sidereal Day
Liquid metallic hydrogen
Zenith
Poor Cluster
46. Distance from sun to nucleus- 8 kiloparsecs (26000 LY) - diameter of Milky way- 150000 LY - length for sun to orbit once around milky way- 250 million years
accretion disk
radio galaxy
density waves
Milky way Galaxy
47. A term referring to the orbital character of stars near the Sun
supermassive black hole
Focal Length
Differential Rotation
rotation curve=winding dilemma?
48. A star fusing hydrogen to helium in it's core
Hydrostatic Equilibrium
Electromagnetic Radiation
Main Sequence Stars
radio galaxy
49. The point where an inferior planet is as far away from the sun as it can be (as seen from the Earth)
Secondary Mirror
Extrasolar Planet
Ganymede (Jupiter)
greatest elongation
50. A measure of the seasonal shifting of a star's position against farther stars or galaxies. The closer the star - the greater is the angular distance it shifts. We use it to find distances to stars that are up to 1000 pc away.
Gamma ray bursts
Parallax
density
Nova