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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The process similar to conduction by which energy moves from the solar core to the convective layer
acceleration
dark matter
Energy Level
Radiative Diffusion
2. A highly variable galaxy nucleus of which BL Lac is one. Their light is highly energetic and their spectra are featureless. (face on)
Occam's razor
accretion disk
blazar
Wein's Law
3. A galaxy emitting large amounts of energy at long wavelengths.
Dark Nebula
radio galaxy
Globular Cluster
Light Gathering Power
4. What causes the zones and belts on jupiter and saturn?
reflection star clusters
Differential Rotation
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
great red spot
5. The study of the universe as a whole.
cosmology
Black Hole
Halo
mass
6. Light-flaky crust - convective currents cause it to wrinkle and bunch (1/5 of surface). uniform cratering suggests lack of weathering and tectonics. volcanoes are flat due to atmospheric pressure.
Focal Length
Electromagnetic Radiation: Radio
Degeneracy
tectonics of Venus
7. Titan
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
Electromagnetic Radiation: Ultraviolet Light
Spectroscopic parallax
Apparent Magnitude
8. The crust of a meteorite caused by its entry into Earth's atmosphere
fusion crust
force
Umbra
Hydrostatic Equilibrium
9. The era when the ratio of matter to energy greatly favored matter. (verses radiation dominated universe where it was opaque. Matter is now dominated by gravity not photons)
cosmology
matter dominated universe
Granules
general star population
10. Flattened spherical distribution of old stars with some young stars too. 'hub' of Milky way - stars orbit with solid body speeds. Elongated into bar shape
belt
bulge
general star population
Quasar
11. Radiation given off by electrons accelerating in a magnetic field
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
Annular Eclipse
differential rotation
Synchrotron Rotation
12. A quantity measuring the stability of the Earth's atmosphere
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
Annular Eclipse
Active Optics
Seeing
13. Saturn
least dense
era of recombination
H-are Diagram
inferior planets
14. Distance from sun to nucleus- 8 kiloparsecs (26000 LY) - diameter of Milky way- 150000 LY - length for sun to orbit once around milky way- 250 million years
Milky way Galaxy
High Velocity Stars
Sunspot cycle
Electromagnetic Radiation: Microwave
15. A faint - remarkably uniform distribution of radiation in space
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
Cosmic Microwave Background
Continuous Spectrum
cosmic fireball
16. The apparent backward motion of a planet against the background of stars.
Main Sequence Stars
retrograde motion
cosmology
widmanstatten pattern
17. A location on an H-are Diagram where evolving stars pulsate
comet
Instability strip
Big Bang
Sa spiral galaxy
18. A star that has become a red giant for the second and final time. It is burning helium to carbon in a shell surrounding the core
Shepherd satellite
SETI
Asymptotic giant Branch Star
general star population
19. 1-orbit aroudn the sun 2- are in hydrostatic equilibrium and 'mostly round' 3- have not cleared debris around its orbit 4- are not satellites
Dwarf planets
Kuiper belt
radiant
Penumbra
20. The high- temperatature outer layer of the sun
Thermal Equilibrium
partile horizon
Photosphere
Corona
21. Electromagnetic Radiation
A family of radiant energy- includes light
radiation pressure
Secondary Mirror
Summer Solstice
22. 10 cm -> 1 mm
Black Hole
Electromagnetic Radiation: Microwave
Neutron Star
terrestrial planet
23. As open clusters age - they push gas away but dust remains this can reflect light giving the cluster a blue-ish color. also called reflection nebula
Make up of the jovian planets
reflection star clusters
Brown dwarf
semimajor axis
24. Sc galaxies where star formation and destruction is so rapid that supernova explosions are mainly responsible for compressing gas to create new stars.
meteor shower
Terrestrial Planets
self-propagating star formation
accretion disk
25. A spherical shell of comets that orbit the sun at a great distance (roughly two light years from the sun)
Milky way Galaxy
Oort cloud
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
Inverse Square Law
26. A measure of the seasonal shifting of a star's position against farther stars or galaxies. The closer the star - the greater is the angular distance it shifts. We use it to find distances to stars that are up to 1000 pc away.
Total Eclipse
Europa (Jupiters moon)
Parallax
Big Bang
27. The wavelengths where a specific element can absorb or emit light.
Spectral Lines
Plank's Law
Poor Cluster
Autumnal Equinox
28. A star fusing hydrogen to helium in it's core
Lagrangian Razor
Thermal Equilibrium
Ground State
Main Sequence Stars
29. Dying large-mass stars lose their outer layers in a violent explosion creating large - chaotic remnants. these brighten like nova but are so much brighter and only occur ONCE PER STAR
Dwarf planets
supernova
zone
Blackbody
30. A massive variable star used to find distances to the galaxies or clusters that contain them.
Cepheid Variable
2 Reasons Why there are Supermassive Black holes at the center of every Galaxy
Autumnal Equinox
Parallax
31. The projection of the Earth's equator onto the celestial sphere.
Synchrotron Rotation
Instability strip
Celestial Equator
Astronomical Unit
32. Ganymede
Plank's Law
MOONS: largest size
Cosmological Principle
chondrite
33. The fate of the universe if it is closed. The universe expanding as much as possible and then retracting
Sidereal Day
CMB
Big Crunch
quarks
34. When the Sun is farthest north of the celestial equator (about June 22)
Shepherd satellite
Summer Solstice
CCD
molecular clouds
35. The shadow area behind the Earth or Moon where the Sun is completely obscured.
Bok Globule
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
Umbra
Kuiper belt
36. An evolved star - past the helium flash that is burning helium to carbon in it's cores
greehouse effects
Color Index
Horizontal Branch Star
Prominence
37. Jupiter
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
fastest rotation
critical density
Kirchhoff's Law
38. The nuclei of very distant galaxies. Likely a manifestation of supermassive black holes
MOONS: largest size
Quasar
Gamma ray bursts
Parsec
39. The faint glow of light left over from the Big Bang. cosmic microwave background are the photons that remain after the big bang that have not turned into matter.
CMB
Parallax
Nebula
Population 1 vs Population 2 stars
40. Latin for 'cloud'. A word used to describe the collections of gas and dust in the Milky Way and other galaxies
dark energy
Objective Lens
Nebula
Open - flat - and closed.
41. The lowest energy of an atom.
most eccentric orbit
Big Bang
Ground State
Superior planets
42. Radiation emitted when charged particles spiral rapidly in a magnetic field. come off of jets from black holes.
Active Optics
Asymptotic giant Branch Star
synchrotron radiation
Dark Matter
43. The class of all objects having high energy radiation coming from their nuclei. Active Galactic Nucleus- Blazars - Quasars - Radio and Emit synchrotron radiation
Nucleus
AGN
resonance
partile horizon
44. An object that may remain after a star explodes
Parallax
accretion disk
Neutron Star
Blackbody
45. The nuclei of very distant galaxies. Likely a manifestation of supermassive black holes
Quasar
Metals
opposition
Granules
46. A telescope that uses mirrors to focus light
Reflector
Light Curve
isotropic
Electromagnetic Radiation: Microwave
47. The apparent magnitude a star would have if it were at a distance of 10 parsecs.
Absolute Magnitude
molecular clouds
epicycle
planetary nebula
48. A star that is burning hydrogen to helium in a shell surrounding it's core
Galilean satellite
If it is in a denser medium - such as glass - it will move slower
Superior planets
Red Giant Branch Star
49. When particles are compressed to an unnatural state where their pressure is not related to their temperature
Ionization
Main Sequence
Degeneracy
meteor
50. The displacement of spectral lines to redder colors caused by the expansion of the universe.
Callisto (Jupiter)
cosmological red shift
planetary nebula
Molecular Clouds