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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Light-colored high-pressure bands in Jupiter's atmosphere
zone
The Big Bang Theory resolves Olber's Paradox
open star clusters
Absorption Spectrum
2. The shadow behind the Earth or Moon where the Sun is partially obscured.
Penumbra
deferent
Cassini division
Focal Plane
3. Dying large-mass stars lose their outer layers in a violent explosion creating large - chaotic remnants. these brighten like nova but are so much brighter and only occur ONCE PER STAR
Supernova (You can be my supernova girl)
The Big Bang Theory resolves Olber's Paradox
supernova
retrograde motion
4. Saturn
tectonics of Earth
High Velocity Stars
Continuous Spectrum
least dense
5. The displacement of spectral lines to redder colors caused by the expansion of the universe.
Filament
Trojan asteroids
The Big Bang Theory resolves Olber's Paradox
cosmological red shift
6. An entity that is likely in the nucleus of most - if not all - galaxies.
Plank's Law
density
supermassive black hole
Parsec
7. The amount of density needed to stop the universe from expanding and to begin the big crunch represented by Pc
Gravity only pulls matter back together. Therefore - if gravity is the only force that operates on cosmic scales then the expansion of the universe should decrease with time. The critical density is the value of matter density sufficient to halt the
Kuiper belt
critical density
cosmology
8. The time when the universe cooled sufficiently for atoms to exist. radiation dominated= first 300000 years - THEN era of recombination turns into matter dominated for next.
Photosphere
Meridian
era of recombination
reflection star clusters
9. The Big Bang was not an explosion of matter into empty space - like the explosion of a bomb. Instead - it was an emergence of space and time filled with pure energy where before none of this was present. The point from which is emerged is called the
conjunction
Terrestrial Planets
Horizontal Branch Star
The Big Bang Theory
10. The faint glow of light left over from the Big Bang. cosmic microwave background are the photons that remain after the big bang that have not turned into matter.
Maria
CMB
scarp
slowest rotation
11. A perfect absorber and radiator of electromagnetic radiation.
Blackbody
Big Crunch
Light Gathering Power
regolith
12. Medium bulge - moderately would arms - arms have H2 regions in them and look sort of lumpy
dark energy
Sb spiral galaxy
era of recombination
Neutron Star
13. The north-south line passing directly overhead through the zenith.
Meridian
jovian
Photon
Radiative Diffusion
14. Material that shoots rapidly out into space. Flares cause Auroras
supermassive black hole
Flare
aurora
conjunction
15. A small and dim but hot star.
White Dwarf
quarks
Sunspots
2 Reasons Why there are Supermassive Black holes at the center of every Galaxy
16. The area behind a lens where images are resolved
Ground State
Gravitational Lens
Inverse Square Law
Focal Plane
17. The lens in a telescope used to determine the magnification
coma
Hubble law
Magnification
Eyepiece Lens
18. We can infer the absolute magnitude of pulsating variable stars by measuring their pulsation periods. The longer the pulsations - the greater their luminosities. We then again measure their apparent magnitudes - compare it with their absolute magnitu
Cassegrain Focus
It does not have to expand into anything. It might just be that the 3 dimensions of space are getting bigger. It may also be that our 3 spatial dimensions are expanding into higher dimensions if such things exist.
Kuiper belt
Cepheid variables
19. The trapping of heat by carbon dioxide or other gases in the Earth's atmosphere.
Nucleus
Winter Solstice
Convection
greehouse effects
20. Why does the earth have few craters while the moon has many?
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
Objective Lens
Earth resurfaces itself due to erosion and plate tectonics - while the moon has neither.
Focal Length
21. The projection of the Earth's equator onto the celestial sphere.
Gamma ray bursts
Particle Horizon
Celestial Equator
Nucleus
22. A toroidal or donut-shaped collection of material attracted to a central body like a star or black hole. Dust around an object
Photometry
accretion disk
slowest rotation
Brown dwarf
23. The force of attraction between any two objects having mass
Photosphere
jovian
radiant
gravity
24. A cool collection of gas and dust silhouetted against a brighter background of stars and/or gas
nova
Gamma ray bursts
Dark Nebula
Nowhere visible to us. If there are higher dimension then the center would be visible to someone who lives in one. If there are no higher dimensions then the center does not exist.
25. Any class of objects with a uniform luminosity used to determine distance.
Trojan asteroids
standard candle
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
meteorite
26. A star that blows itself apart
radio lobe
Supernova (You can be my supernova girl)
Bok Globule
cosmological red shift
27. An evolved star - past the helium flash that is burning helium to carbon in it's cores
Flat - Flat
Planck time
Apparent Magnitude
Horizontal Branch Star
28. Largest moon in solar system - two differenet types of terrain - darker terrain is older - NOT ACTIVE SURFACE
most eccentric orbit
molecular clouds
Ganymede (Jupiter)
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
29. Extends to a distance of 50000AU. Same objects as in the Kuiper belt-when they fall in toward the sun they become comets. Debris from comets hitting the Earths atmosphere cause meteor showers.
Celestial Sphere
We don't know. It might be but does not have to be.
Oort Cloud
mare basalt
30. Poitns of gravitational stability in the orbit of a planet
Thickest atmosphere
Galilean satellite
Lagrangian Razor
Penumbra
31. The projection of the Earth's equator onto the celestial sphere.
condensation temperature
H-are Diagram
bulge
Celestial Equator
32. The north-south line passing directly overhead through the zenith.
Bok Globule
chondrite
Meridian
radio galaxy
33. 1-orbit aroudn the sun 2- are in hydrostatic equilibrium and 'mostly round' 3- have not cleared debris around its orbit 4- are not satellites
Occam's razor
Kirkwood gaps
Globular Cluster
Dwarf planets
34. Half of the longest diameter across an ellipse
solar nebula
semimajor axis
Ecliptic
Colestial Pole
35. A spinning neutron star
shape and color of SPIRAL galaxies
Sunspot cycle
Io (jupiters moon)
Pulsar
36. Consists of old red stars in slow orbits that plunge through disk and bulge. about 1% are old - round globular clusters.
Halo
Big Crunch
OB Associations
Autumnal Equinox
37. Sulfurous volcanoes - pools of liquid sulfur - surface resembles cheese pizza ACTIVE SURFACE
smallest diameter
Io (jupiters moon)
general star population
dark energy
38. Small bulges - loosely wound - massive arms - arms have many H2 regions and look very lumpy
Sa spiral galaxy
H2 Regions
Flare
Sc spiral galaxy
39. The 'edge' of the universe. Light beyond this has not reached us yet.
Meridian
Instability strip
partile horizon
Kirchhoff's Law
40. A spherical shell of comets that orbit the sun at a great distance (roughly two light years from the sun)
Halo
Dark Nebula
Red Giant
Oort cloud
41. Stars orvits do not define the spiral patterns - instead they are density waves that move at slower speeds (arms are defined by young O and B stars and gas clouds)
Synodic Day
Io (jupiters moon)
Open - flat - and closed.
How is winding dilemma solved?
42. A quantity measuring the stability of the Earth's atmosphere
Seeing
great dark spots
synchrotron radiation
3 reasons we orbit satellites to observe universe
43. Places in the asteroid belt - caused by resonance with Jupiter - where there are no asteroids
Ionization
Kirkwood gaps
Bok Globule
direct motion
44. The gap etween saturn's A and B rings
aphelion
Grand design spirals
Metals
Cassini division
45. The location in an H-are diagram of a star cluster - where stars have just left the main sequence. Used to estimate the cluster age.
Astronomical Unit
Population 1 vs Population 2 stars
Turn off Point
Population 1 vs Population 2 stars
46. Material that shoots rapidly out into space. Flares cause Auroras
radio lobe
Shepherd satellite
Flare
Thermonuclear Fusion
47. The science of measuring light energy by wavelength.
Dark matter candidates
Spectroscopy
Annular Eclipse
general star population
48. Either Io -Europa - Ganymede - or Callisto
supernova
Galilean satellite
Cosmic Microwave Background
Apparent Magnitude
49. The process of acquiring material
Asymptotic giant Branch Star
Electromagnetic Radiation: Microwave
Electromagnetic Radiation: Radio
accretion
50. A location on an H-are Diagram where evolving stars pulsate
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
most moons
Photosphere
Instability strip