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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The process similar to conduction by which energy moves from the solar core to the convective layer
Titus-Bode Law
Radiative Diffusion
Pulsar
AGN
2. A huge sphere of tenuous gas surrounding the nucleus of a comet
Population 1 vs Population 2 stars
Dark Nebula
Electromagnetic Radiation: Radio
coma
3. The philosophical stand that says a simpler explanation is more likely to be correct than a complicated one.
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4. The projection of the Earth's equator onto the celestial sphere.
Light Gathering Power
Dark Matter
radiant
Celestial Equator
5. Dying small mass stars lose their outer layers in a relatively gentle way - creating a round or bipolar nebula about the star (round like planets)
isotropic
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
planetary nebula
Rich Cluster
6. Small moons that maintain the shape of rings around Saturn and Uranus
quasar
Magnification
Shepherd satellite
Eyepiece Lens
7. The layer of the sun just above the photosphere
Chromosphere
Absorption Spectrum
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
cosmological red shift
8. A high-pressure bulge in Neptune's southern hemisphere
great dark spots
fewest moons
cosmology
Wein's Law
9. The mass of an object divided by its volume
Interstellar Extinction
Electromagnetic Radiation
radiation pressure
density
10. An object that may remain after a star explodes
Synchrotron Rotation
Io (jupiters moon)
Neutron Star
terrestrial planet
11. When material is heated and moves taking the heat energy with it
self-propagating star formation
Cepheid variables
accretion disk
Convection
12. A planet that is closer to the sun than the earth
Gamma-ray Burst
Titus-Bode Law
inferior planets
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
13. The science of measuring the apparent magnitudes of stars by imaging them through different filters.
radiation dominated universe
Photometry
Big Crunch
Hubble constant
14. When one side of a body always faces the planet it revolves around
synchronous rotation
Turn off Point
Particle Horizon
Hydrostatic Equilibrium
15. When the Sun is farthest south of the celestial equator (About December 22)
Winter Solstice
Energy Level
Thermonuclear Fusion
Red Giant Branch Star
16. The dark - relativley smooth areas on the moon; Latin for sea
Prominence
superclusters
Asymptotic giant Branch Star
Maria
17. Venus
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
Earth resurfaces itself due to erosion and plate tectonics - while the moon has neither.
Thickest atmosphere
Halo
18. Approximate speed of light in a vacuum
300000 KM/sec
direct motion
Halo
The Big Bang Theory
19. Plate tectonics due to thickness of crust and maintain their general form when they collide-where most volcanoes are.
Degeneracy
Ganymede (Jupiter)
tectonics of Earth
acceleration
20. A particle of light.
Hipparchus
Light: travels like a wave - detected like a particle
Photon
Plank's Law
21. The projection of the Earth's equator onto the celestial sphere.
Interstellar Extinction
Sidereal Day
Celestial Equator
White Dwarf
22. We can infer the absolute magnitude of pulsating variable stars by measuring their pulsation periods. The longer the pulsations - the greater their luminosities. We then again measure their apparent magnitudes - compare it with their absolute magnitu
partile horizon
gravity
Ionization
Cepheid variables
23. Population 1 with higher metals and contain many young stars in star clusters. Distribution of stars is everywhere in disk (arms only have 5% more stars)
Sunspots
Perihelion
general star population
CMB
24. The larger bodies that formed early in teh solar nebula that were chemically differentiated
quarks
Ganymede (Jupiter)
planetesimal
Synodic Day
25. Collections of young - hot stars
White Dwarf
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
Kirchhoff's Law
OB Associations
26. The displacement of spectral lines to redder colors caused by the expansion of the universe.
radiation pressure
widmanstatten pattern
Supercluster
cosmological red shift
27. The apparent path of the Sun through the stars on the celestial sphere.
plate tectonics
H2 Regions
Ecliptic
quasar
28. The material from which the solar system formed
Energy Level
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
solar nebula
asteroid
29. A measure of how an object resists accelerating when acted upon by a force. It is proportional the amount of matter in an object
partile horizon
Neutron Star
mass
supernova
30. Light-flaky crust - convective currents cause it to wrinkle and bunch (1/5 of surface). uniform cratering suggests lack of weathering and tectonics. volcanoes are flat due to atmospheric pressure.
Photosphere
Roundest orbit
Open Cluster
tectonics of Venus
31. After stars form they pump light energy into surrounding gas causing it to heat up and glow (H2=ionized hydrogen - H1= neutral hydrogen in molcular couds)
Gravitational Lens
Radiative Diffusion
H2 Regions
jovian
32. Formed from slow rotating clouds - collapsed quicker - initial star formation rate is high but died out - older - little rotation - look redder
shape and color of ELLIPTICAL galaxies
Astronomical Unit
3 reasons we orbit satellites to observe universe
Colestial Pole
33. The slow wobble of the Earth on its rotation axis.
Light Pollution
Penumbra
Precession
slowest rotation
34. The point where an inferior planet is as far away from the sun as it can be (as seen from the Earth)
Neutron Star
greatest elongation
comet
Supercluster
35. Sulfurous volcanoes - pools of liquid sulfur - surface resembles cheese pizza ACTIVE SURFACE
Bok Globule
Io (jupiters moon)
Absorption Spectrum
Pixel
36. A small chunk of rock in space
meteoriod
comet
Electromagnetic Radiation: X-Ray
standard candle
37. A plot of star absolute magnitude verses spectral type.
H-are Diagram
MOONS: most geologically active
Make up of the jovian planets
mapping the structure of Milky Way disk
38. The rotation period of the Earth measured relative to the Sun.
quasar
Synodic Day
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
Heliocentric
39. A cool collection of gas and dust silhouetted against a brighter background of stars and/or gas
Dark Nebula
The Local Group
Most dense
Primary Mirror
40. An empirical scheme for predictin ghe orbital distances of planets
Red Giant Branch Star
Titus-Bode Law
shape and color of SPIRAL galaxies
Kirkwood gaps
41. The point where an inferior planet is as far away from the sun as it can be (as seen from the Earth)
Light-Year
Cassegrain Focus
greatest elongation
Active Optics
42. In what chemical form are jupiters nitrogen - carbon and oxygen?
chondrite
Hubble constant
Ammonia - methane - and water
Titus-Bode Law
43. When material is heated and moves taking the heat energy with it
interstellar dust
Bulge
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
Convection
44. The act of removing an electron from an atom.
In an expanding universe all galaxies see all other galaxies that are not gravitationally bound to them receding away. This is what we see in the Hubble Law. We infer that the Hubble law also holds true for all other galaxies.
most moons
Ionization
Thermonuclear Fusion
45. If stars have diff orbital periods - than any arms formed by stars will wind into a tight spiral pattern (billion yrs or so)
Enke gap
comet
rotation curve=winding dilemma?
retrograde motion
46. A particle of light.
fusion crust
Annular Eclipse
Photon
Sidereal Day
47. An object that may remain after a star explodes
Interstellar Extinction
Rich Cluster
Neutron Star
Supercluster
48. Large nebula consisting of very cold gas and dust
great dark spots
Rich Cluster
Focal Length
Molecular Clouds
49. What is the universe expanding into?
Doppler Shift
It does not have to expand into anything. It might just be that the 3 dimensions of space are getting bigger. It may also be that our 3 spatial dimensions are expanding into higher dimensions if such things exist.
Galilean satellite
Sc spiral galaxy
50. Finding a star's absolute magnitude from it's placement on an HR diagram. After finding the absolute magnitude - we measure the apparent magnitude - for a distance modulus and use this to find the distance. This method is good for finding distances t
Focal Plane
Thickest atmosphere
MOONS: largest size
Spectroscopic parallax