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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Light-flaky crust - convective currents cause it to wrinkle and bunch (1/5 of surface). uniform cratering suggests lack of weathering and tectonics. volcanoes are flat due to atmospheric pressure.
Inverse Square Law
smallest diameter
tectonics of Venus
Rich Cluster
2. Mercury
Kuiper belt
Neutron Star
Planck time
thinnest atmosphere
3. A toroidal or donut-shaped collection of material attracted to a central body like a star or black hole. Dust around an object
scarp
Precession
accretion disk
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
4. A large - irregularly shaped rocky object orbiting the sun mostly between mars and jupiter. Left-over planetesimals
Secondary Mirror
Terrestrial Planets
cosmic fireball
asteroid
5. Young clusters in disk are irregularly shaped since they have no time to relax into the rounder relaxed shape of globular clusters-will constantly be torn apart and assimilated.
Kuiper belt
open star clusters
Winter Solstice
Asymptotic giant Branch Star
6. The 11 or 22 period on the sun durin which sunspots increase - decrease - change polarity - increase and decrease again.
jovian
Dwarf planets
Focal Plane
Sunspot cycle
7. Formed from slow rotating clouds - collapsed quicker - initial star formation rate is high but died out - older - little rotation - look redder
Continuous Spectrum
Olber's paradox
Black Hole
shape and color of ELLIPTICAL galaxies
8. All possible types of energy that can be emitted and absorbed by atoms.
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
Electromagnetic Radiation
mass
Emission Spectrum
9. When the Sun moves from south to north across the celestial equator (about March 21)
Light Gathering Power
Reflector
Radio Galaxy
Vernal Equinox
10. A subatomic particle with a negative charge. It creates light.
Granules
Density Wave
Electron
Electromagnetic Radiation
11. The final end state of an intermediate to high mass star. An entity in which all the electrons have been pushed into the protons.
Coldest surface
Chromosphere
Neutron Star
Supercluster
12. A huge sphere of tenuous gas surrounding the nucleus of a comet
The Local Group
Continuous Spectrum
supernova
coma
13. Electromagnetic Radiation
Oort cloud
Dark matter candidates
A family of radiant energy- includes light
It does not have to expand into anything. It might just be that the 3 dimensions of space are getting bigger. It may also be that our 3 spatial dimensions are expanding into higher dimensions if such things exist.
14. A fusion process in which a carbon atom transmutes to oxygen and back - creating a helium atom in the process
dark matter
CNO Cycle
Cosmic Microwave Background
differential rotation
15. Poitns of gravitational stability in the orbit of a planet
Quasar
Supernova (You can be my supernova girl)
Lagrangian Razor
Neutron Star
16. Ganymede
blazar
Oort cloud
MOONS: largest size
Gamma ray bursts
17. Small compact stars called white dwarfs can have material deposited on their surfaces. In time material heats up and explodes in surface nuclear reaction- star brightens - settles - repeats.
differential rotation
planetesimal
nova
dark matter
18. The opaque universe that existed for 300000 years after the Big Bang. (photons outnumbered nuclei by 1 billion to one - so less light)
retrograde motion
Oort cloud
Open Cluster
radiation dominated universe
19. A spherical shell of comets that orbit the sun at a great distance (roughly two light years from the sun)
Trojan asteroids
zone
Electromagnetic Radiation: Ultraviolet Light
Oort cloud
20. Then the Sun moves from north to south across the celestial equator (about September 23)
density waves
Blackbody
Autumnal Equinox
Red Giant
21. The law stating that hotter blackbodies look bluer than cooler blackbodies.
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22. A spinning neutron star
Pulsar
roche limit
MOONS: larger than mercury
Refractor
23. Hydrogen and helium (mainly)
quasar
Make up of the jovian planets
open star clusters
nova
24. The point where a superior planet is as far away from the sun as it can be (as seen from the Earth)
Titus-Bode Law
Apparent Magnitude
Make up of the terrestrial planets
opposition
25. The layer of the sun just above the photosphere
Cosmic Microwave Background
Chromosphere
Active Optics
synchrotron radiation
26. Radiation given off by electrons accelerating in a magnetic field
Instability strip
Big Bang
Synchrotron Rotation
homogeneous
27. If stars have diff orbital periods - than any arms formed by stars will wind into a tight spiral pattern (billion yrs or so)
rotation curve=winding dilemma?
superclusters
Kirchhoff's Law
Enke gap
28. First accurately measured the speed of light in a vacuum
general star population
Ole Roemer
cosmological red shift
supermassive black hole
29. IO
MOONS: most geologically active
Metals
Turn off Point
Quasar
30. The act of removing an electron from an atom.
Flare
Ionization
anorthosite
matter dominated universe
31. What are the three possible geometries of the universe?
Open - flat - and closed.
Continuous Spectrum
Terrestrial Planets
era of recombination
32. Small bulges - loosely wound - massive arms - arms have many H2 regions and look very lumpy
dark matter
2 Reasons Why there are Supermassive Black holes at the center of every Galaxy
Sc spiral galaxy
Perihelion
33. The time when the universe cooled sufficiently for atoms to exist. radiation dominated= first 300000 years - THEN era of recombination turns into matter dominated for next.
Liquid metallic hydrogen
reflection star clusters
era of recombination
Earth resurfaces itself due to erosion and plate tectonics - while the moon has neither.
34. 1-orbit aroudn the sun 2- are in hydrostatic equilibrium and 'mostly round' 3- have not cleared debris around its orbit 4- are not satellites
Hydrostatic Equilibrium
tectonics of Venus
Dwarf planets
differential rotation
35. The mirror that gathers the light in a reflector
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
Primary Mirror
Rich vs poor clusters
Superior planets
36. A star that blows itself apart
Pixel
Lagrangian Razor
Supernova (You can be my supernova girl)
Shepherd satellite
37. Titan
Titus-Bode Law
cosmological principle
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
3 reasons we orbit satellites to observe universe
38. A measure of the force of gravity on an object
tectonics of Mars
Annular Eclipse
weight
planetary nebula
39. A representation of the changes in color and brightness of an evolving protostar.
Hyashi track
Cosmic Microwave Background
quasar
hottest surface
40. A continuous spectrum of light missing energy at a few wave lengths.
Rich vs poor clusters
Absorption Spectrum
Kuiper belt
Hyashi track
41. An energetic event taking place in the early universe
Gamma-ray Burst
Extrasolar Planet
Molecular Clouds
Focal Plane
42. The lens in a telescope used to determine the magnification
CNO Cycle
Eyepiece Lens
Electromagnetic Radiation: Ultraviolet Light
tectonics of Mars
43. A spread of light with an uninterrupted wavelength distribution of energy.
differential rotation
Most dense
Precession
Continuous Spectrum
44. Earth
regolith
greatest elongation
Most dense
Gamma ray bursts
45. A measure of how an object resists accelerating when acted upon by a force. It is proportional the amount of matter in an object
condensation temperature
Plank's Law
mass
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
46. The source of the force that is accelerating the expansion rate of the universe.
dark energy
HII Region
Synodic Day
opposition
47. Material that shoots rapidly out into space. Flares cause Auroras
Flare
Kuiper belt
Trojan asteroids
Make up of the terrestrial planets
48. Why does the earth have few craters while the moon has many?
Secondary Mirror
Earth resurfaces itself due to erosion and plate tectonics - while the moon has neither.
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
49. A cool collection of gas and dust silhouetted against a brighter background of stars and/or gas
Light Pollution
condensation temperature
Earth resurfaces itself due to erosion and plate tectonics - while the moon has neither.
Dark Nebula
50. A galaxy sending out a stream of material from its nucleus
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
Radio Galaxy
Electromagnetic Radiation: Microwave
Penumbra