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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
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Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Material that shoots rapidly out into space. Flares cause Auroras
homogeneous
disk
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
Flare
2. Light scattered through the atmosphere that degrades astronomical images
neutrino
White Dwarf
MOONS: most geologically active
Light Pollution
3. Venus
Thickest atmosphere
Meridian
Void
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
4. The process similar to conduction by which energy moves from the solar core to the convective layer
Annular Eclipse
Radiative Diffusion
Ecliptic
protostar
5. A bridge of material held in position above the solar surface. They can remain for hours even days
Parallax
Trojan asteroids
Secondary Mirror
Prominence
6. Flat disk with gas - dust - H2 regions - molecular clouds - dust young stars and remnants of old planetary nebula and supernova remnants. stars spin together with similar velocities called differential rotation
Oort cloud
disk
isotropic
Hubble law
7. Jupiter
Terrestrial Planets
Refractor
thinnest atmosphere
fastest rotation
8. Galaxies whose nuclei emit jets of materil at high speeds. material comes from supermassive black holes
radio galaxy
Dwarf planets
Dark matter candidates
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
9. A star that is burning hydrogen to helium in a shell surrounding it's core
Main Sequence
Red Giant Branch Star
Electromagnetic Radiation: X-Ray
Focal Length
10. The process of acquiring material
accretion
Secondary Mirror
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
Prominence
11. The point in its orbit where a planet is nearest the sun
acceleration
Perihelion
The Big Bang Theory
Shepherd satellite
12. The 'edge' of the universe. Light beyond this has not reached us yet.
partile horizon
Absorption Spectrum
Flare
Disk
13. The study of the universe as a whole.
Light Gathering Power
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
Ganymede (Jupiter)
cosmology
14. A spectrum of light with energy at only a few wavelengths.
Bok Globule
Cassegrain Focus
Emission Spectrum
widmanstatten pattern
15. A repeated - periodic push or pull capable of summing into a larger push or pull
resonance
Spectroscopic Parallax
Photosphere
critical density
16. The rotation of a star or planet at different speeds at its equator and poles
Nowhere visible to us. If there are higher dimension then the center would be visible to someone who lives in one. If there are no higher dimensions then the center does not exist.
Chromosphere
differential rotation
Pulsar
17. Why does the earth have few craters while the moon has many?
nova
Earth resurfaces itself due to erosion and plate tectonics - while the moon has neither.
aphelion
Inverse Square Law
18. The wavelengths where a specific element can absorb or emit light.
Blackbody Curve
Spectral Lines
Triple Alpha rocess
protostar
19. Plate tectonics due to thickness of crust and maintain their general form when they collide-where most volcanoes are.
evidence of water on mars
open star clusters
tectonics of Earth
accretion
20. Jupiter
Electromagnetic Radiation: Microwave
most moons
Main Sequence Stars
Largest diameter
21. The point directly overhead.
Zenith
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
Dark Matter
meteor
22. A spherical shell of comets that orbit the sun at a great distance (roughly two light years from the sun)
Oort cloud
accretion disk
Hipparchus
Doppler Shift
23. A fusion process in which protons build together to form helium
Gravity only pulls matter back together. Therefore - if gravity is the only force that operates on cosmic scales then the expansion of the universe should decrease with time. The critical density is the value of matter density sufficient to halt the
Proton-proton chain
great red spot
Turn off Point
24. The entity from which the whole universe is postulated to have come from.
meteoriod
smallest diameter
Absolute Magnitude
cosmic singularity
25. A phenomenon seen when the Earth passes through the orbit of a burned out comet
meteor shower
CMB
Celestial Sphere
Spectral Lines
26. Saturn
great dark spots
least dense
Asymptotic giant Branch Star
Population 1 vs Population 2 stars
27. Consists of old red stars in slow orbits that plunge through disk and bulge. about 1% are old - round globular clusters.
Electromagnetic Radiation: Ultraviolet Light
Hubble constant
Halo
Colestial Pole
28. A push or a pull
force
Neutron Star
The Local Group
It does not have to expand into anything. It might just be that the 3 dimensions of space are getting bigger. It may also be that our 3 spatial dimensions are expanding into higher dimensions if such things exist.
29. A perfect absorber and radiator of electromagnetic radiation.
Blackbody
Metals
Parallax
Inverse Square Law
30. Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune
cosmological red shift
Radiative Diffusion
Superior planets
Jovian Planets
31. The material from which the solar system formed
solar nebula
density waves
Gravitational Lens
Flocculent spirals
32. Why does the earth have few craters while the moon has many?
Earth resurfaces itself due to erosion and plate tectonics - while the moon has neither.
Thermonuclear Fusion
Milky way Galaxy
Roundest orbit
33. A very distant - star-like object with huge - broad emission lines. Probably the nucleus of a distant active galaxy.
quasar
greehouse effects
belt
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
34. A particle of light
Sunspot cycle
Photon
Synchrotron Rotation
Titus-Bode Law
35. The line on an H-are diagram going from upper left to lower right where normal stars of different masses reside.
Main Sequence
Spectral Lines
Vernal Equinox
Big Crunch
36. Hydrogen and helium (mainly)
Make up of the jovian planets
Sa spiral galaxy
radio lobe
Bok Globule
37. Light scattered through the atmosphere that degrades astronomical images
semimajor axis
Light Pollution
Astronomical Unit
meteor shower
38. An evolved star - past the helium flash that is burning helium to carbon in it's cores
most eccentric orbit
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
Horizontal Branch Star
Interstellar Extinction
39. The trapping of heat by carbon dioxide or other gases in the Earth's atmosphere.
greehouse effects
Triple Alpha rocess
Celestial Equator
conjunction
40. An entity that is likely in the nucleus of most - if not all - galaxies.
MOONS: largest size
Gravity only pulls matter back together. Therefore - if gravity is the only force that operates on cosmic scales then the expansion of the universe should decrease with time. The critical density is the value of matter density sufficient to halt the
density
supermassive black hole
41. Finding a star's absolute magnitude from it's placement on an HR diagram. After finding the absolute magnitude - we measure the apparent magnitude - for a distance modulus and use this to find the distance. This method is good for finding distances t
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
Brown dwarf
interstellar dust
Spectroscopic parallax
42. A representation of the changes in color and brightness of an evolving protostar.
Hyashi track
Sc spiral galaxy
Io (jupiters moon)
partile horizon
43. The process responsible for creating the arms of flocculent spiral galaxies
Sc spiral galaxy
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
Stephen-Boltzman Law
Self-Propogating Star Formation
44. The law that predicts the possible types of spectra.
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45. When massive objects bend space and time enough to create multiple images of an object located behind them
Gravitational Lens
nucleus
Extrasolar Planet
Hyashi track
46. Possible Fates of the Universe
isotropic
White Dwarf
Gravity only pulls matter back together. Therefore - if gravity is the only force that operates on cosmic scales then the expansion of the universe should decrease with time. The critical density is the value of matter density sufficient to halt the
Halo
47. The temp at which a substance in the vacuum of space solidifies
condensation temperature
Trojan asteroids
Primary Mirror
Halo
48. A phenomenon seen when the Earth passes through the orbit of a burned out comet
Trojan asteroids
scarp
meteor shower
rotation curve=winding dilemma?
49. A cool collection of gas and dust silhouetted against a brighter background of stars and/or gas
Steady State Theory (Leads to Olber's Paradox)
Dark Nebula
Sb spiral galaxy
protostar
50. Europa
MOONS: roundest shape
Degeneracy
nova
Spectroscopic Parallax
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