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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The seasonal shifting of a nearby star's position relative to more distant objects.
meteorite
Black Hole
highlands
Parallax
2. Formed rapidly - collapsed slower into disk shape - star birth rate is low but lasts longer and ongoing - contain higher mass blue stars.
shape and color of SPIRAL galaxies
meteor shower
Celestial Equator
Ionization
3. A huge sphere of tenuous gas surrounding the nucleus of a comet
coma
Zenith
Granules
quarks
4. A crystalline patter found in iron meteorites
Hydrostatic Equilibrium
Heliocentric
widmanstatten pattern
Coronal Loop
5. Either Io -Europa - Ganymede - or Callisto
Sunspots
Supernova (You can be my supernova girl)
Galilean satellite
Refractor
6. The movement of the Earth's crustal plates riding on top of the mantle.
Absorption Spectrum
plate tectonics
Shepherd satellite
Bulge
7. Latin for 'cloud'. A word used to describe the collections of gas and dust in the Milky Way and other galaxies
Nebula
Energy Level
chondrite
roche limit
8. Sc galaxies where star formation and destruction is so rapid that supernova explosions are mainly responsible for compressing gas to create new stars.
asteroid
Trojan asteroids
Population 1 vs Population 2 stars
self-propagating star formation
9. A force exerted by reflecting sunlight
Brown dwarf
greehouse effects
Proton-proton chain
radiation pressure
10. Jupiter
Apollo asteroids
fastest rotation
scarp
Extrasolar Planet
11. Plate tectonics due to thickness of crust and maintain their general form when they collide-where most volcanoes are.
Most dense
synchronous rotation
3 reasons we orbit satellites to observe universe
tectonics of Earth
12. The distance a moon can be from a planet before shattering from tidal forces
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
nucleus
roche limit
Thermal Equilibrium
13. The dark - relativley smooth areas on the moon; Latin for sea
Maria
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
Turn off Point
Celestial Sphere
14. When the Sun moves from south to north across the celestial equator (about March 21)
Vernal Equinox
acceleration
Electromagnetic Radiation: Radio
Population 1 vs Population 2 stars
15. The process similar to conduction by which energy moves from the solar core to the convective layer
epicycle
Umbra
Radiative Diffusion
Bulge
16. Light scattered through the atmosphere that degrades astronomical images
Electromagnetic Radiation: Microwave
Liquid metallic hydrogen
Light Pollution
cosmic singularity
17. A spinning neutron star
Pulsar
Precession
Jupiters red spot
synchronous rotation
18. The trapping of heat by carbon dioxide or other gases in the Earth's atmosphere.
greehouse effects
Degeneracy
coma
greatest elongation
19. A collection of comets in the plane of the solar system - located beyond the orbit of Pluto
Kuiper belt
Nowhere visible to us. If there are higher dimension then the center would be visible to someone who lives in one. If there are no higher dimensions then the center does not exist.
Electromagnetic Radiation
blazar
20. Is space infinitely large?
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21. The universe is isotropic - homogeneous - and without beginning or end in time and space. If the universe is truly homogeneous then every line of sight will eventually end on a galaxy. If it has existed forever then there has been enough time for lig
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22. A cloud of ionized hydrogen. Formed when young stars heat the surrounding gas
Light Curve
Big Crunch
HII Region
Radiative Diffusion
23. Form honeycomb like patterns surrounding empty or nearly empty voids.
superclusters
Spectral Lines
Light-Year
Photosphere
24. The class of all objects having high energy radiation coming from their nuclei. Active Galactic Nucleus- Blazars - Quasars - Radio and Emit synchrotron radiation
cosmology
AGN
synchronous rotation
retrograde motion
25. A volume of space where few - if any - galaxies are located
asteroid
Liquid metallic hydrogen
Void
Proton-proton chain
26. Originially thought to be stars emitting radio radiation but are now concluded to be nuclei of distant galaxies (same as radio galaxies aka emit streams of material)
Hubble constant
Liquid metallic hydrogen
quasar
A family of radiant energy- includes light
27. Distance from sun to nucleus- 8 kiloparsecs (26000 LY) - diameter of Milky way- 150000 LY - length for sun to orbit once around milky way- 250 million years
Milky way Galaxy
Sidereal Day
shape and color of SPIRAL galaxies
Synodic Day
28. A long-lived high-pressure bulge in Jupiter's southern hemisphere
CCD
cosmic fireball
great red spot
Flare
29. The Big Bang says that the universe has not existed forever. It had a distinct beginning about 14 billion years ago called the 'Big Bang'. Therefore light from any object more than 14 billion light years away has not had time to reach us. The other p
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30. The state of having a balance between inward and outard pressures in a gas--the inward force from gravity is balanced by the outward force from heat.
Hydrostatic Equilibrium
self-propagating star formation
thinnest atmosphere
Vernal Equinox
31. Population 1- similar to the sun and 2% of elements are metal - Population 2- formed before gas was metal- only a fraction of mass is metal.
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
Population 1 vs Population 2 stars
homogeneous
hottest surface
32. The point where an inferior planet is as far away from the sun as it can be (as seen from the Earth)
Electromagnetic Radiation: Infrared
Red Giant Branch Star
greatest elongation
standard candle
33. Thick rigid crust - no longer has plate tectonics but still has convective hot spots that create earth-like volcanoes except that last for billions of years because of lack of tectonics.
Light Pollution
Dwarf planets
Photon
tectonics of Mars
34. The point in its orbit where a planet is farthest from the sun
Eyepiece Lens
Red Giant
aphelion
Red Giant
35. The fate of the universe if it is closed. The universe expanding as much as possible and then retracting
Big Crunch
quarks
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
conjunction
36. In Ptolemy's geocentric solar system - the small circle on which a planet moved.
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
epicycle
Plank's Law
Maria
37. The point directly overhead.
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
conjunction
Neutron Star
Zenith
38. Small moons that maintain the shape of rings around Saturn and Uranus
Shepherd satellite
Parallax
Refractor
Magnification
39. A star that is burning hydrogen to helium in a shell surrounding it's core
Electromagnetic Radiation: Microwave
Spectroscopic Parallax
Red Giant Branch Star
Occam's razor
40. Poitns of gravitational stability in the orbit of a planet
Lagrangian Razor
jovian
Planck time
synchrotron radiation
41. Stars fromt he Halo that have drifted into the disk. as earth zooms past them in a faster orbit they appear to be going backward very fast
HII Region
Electromagnetic Radiation: Infrared
Triple Alpha rocess
High Velocity Stars
42. A volume of space where few - if any - galaxies are located
Void
We don't know. It might be but does not have to be.
Molecular Clouds
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
43. Europa
density
The Big Bang Theory resolves Olber's Paradox
SETI
MOONS: roundest shape
44. A star that erratically and explosively brightens and dims
Nova
Kirkwood gaps
Instability strip
Chromosphere
45. The entity responsible for spiral arms in grand-design spiral galaxies
Density Wave
Coldest surface
shape and color of SPIRAL galaxies
Bulge
46. The trapping of heat by carbon dioxide or other gases in the Earth's atmosphere.
greehouse effects
Ground State
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
deferent
47. The Big Bang says that the universe has not existed forever. It had a distinct beginning about 14 billion years ago called the 'Big Bang'. Therefore light from any object more than 14 billion light years away has not had time to reach us. The other p
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48. The entity from which the whole universe is postulated to have come from.
Dark matter is located at center of clusters - pulling the cluster members into faster orbits--dark matter gravity keeps objects in galxies bound.
self-propagating star formation
Meridian
cosmic singularity
49. The equation that describes how matter equates with energy
Callisto (Jupiter)
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
E=mc2
Shepherd satellite
50. Wave- only waves cause an interference pattern when passing through a double slit - particle- only particles deposit energy at specific locations (the way an image builds up on digital camera)
Asymptotic giant Branch Star
Light: travels like a wave - detected like a particle
chondrite
fusion crust