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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What causes the zones and belts on jupiter and saturn?
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
mare basalt
matter dominated universe
Lagrangian Razor
2. The apparent path of the Sun through the stars on the celestial sphere.
Ecliptic
Thickest atmosphere
Superior planets
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
3. Massive compact halo objects (MACHO) - weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPY's)
Flocculent spirals
anorthosite
Oort Cloud
Dark matter candidates
4. Collections of young - hot stars
OB Associations
chemical differentiation
density waves
Planck time
5. 1-orbit aroudn the sun 2- are in hydrostatic equilibrium and 'mostly round' 3- have not cleared debris around its orbit 4- are not satellites
Red Giant Branch Star
Photosphere
molecular clouds
Dwarf planets
6. Venus
Roundest orbit
Nucleus
shape and color of SPIRAL galaxies
tectonics of Mars
7. The opaque universe that existed for 300000 years after the Big Bang. (photons outnumbered nuclei by 1 billion to one - so less light)
era of recombination
Energy Level
Planck time
radiation dominated universe
8. The ratio of the actual density of the universe to the critical density. (actual density divided by the critical density
Electron
great dark spots
era of recombination
density parameter
9. The mix of pure photon energy that emerged at the start of the universe.
cosmic fireball
Meridian
homogeneous
MOONS: larger than mercury
10. The study of the universe as a whole.
Continuous Spectrum
cosmology
Color Index
partile horizon
11. Young clusters in disk are irregularly shaped since they have no time to relax into the rounder relaxed shape of globular clusters-will constantly be torn apart and assimilated.
radiant
open star clusters
Yes - frozen at the poles- remains protected from the suns rays
Io (jupiters moon)
12. A word used in astronomy to describe all elements besides hydrogen and helium
hottest surface
mare basalt
cosmology
Metals
13. Comglomerates of ice and rock that orbit the sun in highly elliptical paths
chemical differentiation
Light Pollution
Supercluster
comet
14. A measure of how an object resists accelerating when acted upon by a force. It is proportional the amount of matter in an object
Active Optics
Blackbody Curve
MOONS: larger than mercury
mass
15. Half of the longest diameter across an ellipse
semimajor axis
Hubble law
Electromagnetic Radiation: Radio
Ecliptic
16. The movement of the Earth's crustal plates riding on top of the mantle.
chondrite
Red Giant
plate tectonics
coma
17. Sc galaxies
differential rotation
Zenith
Flocculent spirals
Photosphere
18. The equation that describes how matter equates with energy
Electron
Halo
meteoriod
E=mc2
19. A plot of star absolute magnitude verses spectral type.
Drake equation
H-are Diagram
great dark spots
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
20. First accurately measured the speed of light in a vacuum
Cepheid Variable
Ole Roemer
Coronal Loop
Gamma-ray Burst
21. How did Earth come to have an oxygen rich atmosphere?
most eccentric orbit
Prominence
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
OB Associations
22. The point in its orbit where a planet is nearest the sun
Perihelion
standard candle
Blackbody
Degeneracy
23. A very distant - star-like object with huge - broad emission lines. Probably the nucleus of a distant active galaxy.
quasar
critical density
reflection star clusters
quarks
24. The slow wobble of the Earth on its rotation axis.
Seeing
Precession
Winter Solstice
Synodic Day
25. The surface of the sun
highlands
Photosphere
Apparent Magnitude
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
26. The wavelengths where a specific element can absorb or emit light.
dark energy
direct motion
Ganymede (Jupiter)
Spectral Lines
27. Jupiter
A family of radiant energy- includes light
Enke gap
fastest rotation
Color Index
28. Theory virtually demands that the geometry of the universe be ______. Results of measuring lumps in the cosmic background radiation indicate that the universe geometry is ________.
Flat - Flat
conjunction
Refractor
Pixel
29. Small compact stars called white dwarfs can have material deposited on their surfaces. In time material heats up and explodes in surface nuclear reaction- star brightens - settles - repeats.
nova
Hyashi track
A family of radiant energy- includes light
Gravity only pulls matter back together. Therefore - if gravity is the only force that operates on cosmic scales then the expansion of the universe should decrease with time. The critical density is the value of matter density sufficient to halt the
30. Ganymede
partile horizon
Photometry
Blackbody Curve
MOONS: largest size
31. Distribution of dust (tells us disk is thin) - find distances to O&B stars and H2 regions (arms are sights of star formation and OB stars live and die at location of birth) -Milky way has four arms. Sun is in spur apart from arms.
mapping the structure of Milky Way disk
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
Black Hole
Neutron Star
32. A prominence seen against the disk of the sun
Coronal Loop
bulge
CCD
Filament
33. The layer of the sun just above the photosphere
evidence of water on mars
Dark Nebula
Chromosphere
Instability strip
34. The rate of expansion of the universe.
Hubble constant
Winter Solstice
Instability strip
great dark spots
35. Disk dust grains are made of all the elements that are not in gaseous form in space which blocks starlight and causes interstellar extinction
interstellar dust
protostar
Parallax
quasar
36. A rock or iron specimen that has fallen from space
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
Winter Solstice
Absolute Magnitude
meteorite
37. A streak of light in the atmosphere
comet
Precession
Limb darkening
meteor
38. Large bulge - tightly wound spiral arms - relatively few h2 regions and are smooth
meteorite
Sa spiral galaxy
Parsec
condensation temperature
39. Why do Galaxies move very rapidly in the interiors of the dense clusters?
density
scarp
Dark matter is located at center of clusters - pulling the cluster members into faster orbits--dark matter gravity keeps objects in galxies bound.
Rich vs poor clusters
40. A force exerted by reflecting sunlight
Electromagnetic Radiation: Radio
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
radiation pressure
Io (jupiters moon)
41. Radiation given off by electrons accelerating in a magnetic field
Synchrotron Rotation
Steady State Theory (Leads to Olber's Paradox)
Ground State
disk
42. The class of all objects having high energy radiation coming from their nuclei. Active Galactic Nucleus- Blazars - Quasars - Radio and Emit synchrotron radiation
The Big Bang Theory
CMB
AGN
SETI
43. Milky way galaxy is a member - a small poor cluster-about 30 galaxies
The Local Group
Big Crunch
radio galaxy
zone
44. Is space infinitely large?
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45. Atmosphere blocks high energy wavelengths - atmosphere blurs optical radiation - atmosphere absorbs some radiation at all wavelengths even when it gets through.
inferior planets
Dark matter candidates
Olber's paradox
3 reasons we orbit satellites to observe universe
46. Star speed at outer edge of galaxy should begin to diminish - but they dont so we guess that this means there is increasing force (aka dark matter)
resonance
Pulsar
It does not have to expand into anything. It might just be that the 3 dimensions of space are getting bigger. It may also be that our 3 spatial dimensions are expanding into higher dimensions if such things exist.
rotation curve = dark matter?
47. The 'edge' of the universe. Light beyond this has not reached us yet.
slowest rotation
critical density
partile horizon
Steady State Theory (Leads to Olber's Paradox)
48. Jupiter
Most dense
Plank's Law
Largest diameter
Parallax
49. A cloud of ionized hydrogen. Formed when young stars heat the surrounding gas
HII Region
matter dominated universe
Radiative Diffusion
Sa spiral galaxy
50. Earth
Maria
Europa (Jupiters moon)
Planetary Nebula
Most dense