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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The time when the universe cooled sufficiently for atoms to exist. radiation dominated= first 300000 years - THEN era of recombination turns into matter dominated for next.
isotropic
Lagrangian Razor
weight
era of recombination
2. Where is the center of the expansion
deferent
Nowhere visible to us. If there are higher dimension then the center would be visible to someone who lives in one. If there are no higher dimensions then the center does not exist.
greehouse effects
Steady State Theory (Leads to Olber's Paradox)
3. A term referring to Earth-like planets
Electromagnetic Radiation: Visible Light
terrestrial planet
MOONS: largest size
radio galaxy
4. What Ole Roemer used to measure the speed of light in a vacuum
E=mc2
Absolute Magnitude
Horizontal Branch Star
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
5. Originially thought to be stars emitting radio radiation but are now concluded to be nuclei of distant galaxies (same as radio galaxies aka emit streams of material)
interstellar dust
Nova
quasar
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
6. Clouds of low density gas often found glowing faintly on either side of an AGN.
Electromagnetic Radiation: Ultraviolet Light
Main Sequence
Meridian
radio lobe
7. The study of the universe as a whole.
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
meteorite
cosmology
scarp
8. What is the universe expanding into?
It does not have to expand into anything. It might just be that the 3 dimensions of space are getting bigger. It may also be that our 3 spatial dimensions are expanding into higher dimensions if such things exist.
Atomic Number
smallest diameter
supermassive black hole
9. The science of measuring the apparent magnitudes of stars by imaging them through different filters.
Ammonia - methane - and water
Milky way Galaxy
Globular Cluster
Photometry
10. Europa
Titus-Bode Law
Terrestrial Planets
MOONS: roundest shape
Chandrasekhar Limit
11. A word meaning 'the same in all directions.'
Magnification
Main Sequence
isotropic
Proton-proton chain
12. Large nebula consisting of very cold gas and dust
Globular Cluster
Electron
Molecular Clouds
2 Reasons Why there are Supermassive Black holes at the center of every Galaxy
13. Ancient stream channels - flood planes - and sedimentary-type rock. Frozen water is found in the polar ice caps and in the soil.
least dense
direct motion
evidence of water on mars
roche limit
14. Sudden blasts of gamma radiation from a very distant galaxy caused possibly by a supernova explosion.
Gamma ray bursts
semimajor axis
Blackbody
Dark matter candidates
15. A repeated - periodic push or pull capable of summing into a larger push or pull
Granules
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
resonance
meteoriod
16. Large bulge - tightly wound spiral arms - relatively few h2 regions and are smooth
Limb darkening
Electromagnetic Radiation: Ultraviolet Light
Halo
Sa spiral galaxy
17. When the Sun is farthest north of the celestial equator (about June 22)
meteor
Summer Solstice
Winter Solstice
Neutron Star
18. Light-flaky crust - convective currents cause it to wrinkle and bunch (1/5 of surface). uniform cratering suggests lack of weathering and tectonics. volcanoes are flat due to atmospheric pressure.
tectonics of Venus
Spectral Lines
condensation temperature
Yes - frozen at the poles- remains protected from the suns rays
19. The oldest grouping of stars - found in the galaxy halo
Open Cluster
tectonics of Venus
semimajor axis
Globular Cluster
20. The universe is isotropic - homogeneous - and without beginning or end in time and space. If the universe is truly homogeneous then every line of sight will eventually end on a galaxy. If it has existed forever then there has been enough time for lig
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21. The projection of the Earth's equator onto the celestial sphere.
Grand design spirals
Celestial Equator
Nucleus
In an expanding universe all galaxies see all other galaxies that are not gravitationally bound to them receding away. This is what we see in the Hubble Law. We infer that the Hubble law also holds true for all other galaxies.
22. Disk dust grains are made of all the elements that are not in gaseous form in space which blocks starlight and causes interstellar extinction
interstellar dust
critical density
Big Crunch
Celestial Equator
23. Largest moon in solar system - two differenet types of terrain - darker terrain is older - NOT ACTIVE SURFACE
If it is in a denser medium - such as glass - it will move slower
Ganymede (Jupiter)
Dwarf planets
Main Sequence
24. An important quality of telescopes that increases as the square of the primary mirror or objective lens
Trojan asteroids
coma
Light Gathering Power
Gravity only pulls matter back together. Therefore - if gravity is the only force that operates on cosmic scales then the expansion of the universe should decrease with time. The critical density is the value of matter density sufficient to halt the
25. A telescope that uses lenses to focus light
planetesimal
Convection
thinnest atmosphere
Refractor
26. The mix of pure photon energy that emerged at the start of the universe.
cosmic fireball
Black Hole
hottest surface
Nova
27. The source of the force that is accelerating the expansion rate of the universe.
Total Eclipse
great red spot
dark energy
blazar
28. Long - meandering cliff formed when a planet surface cools and shrinks
Self-Propogating Star Formation
scarp
Nucleus
Gamma-ray Burst
29. A large and bright but cool star.
thinnest atmosphere
Red Giant
Absorption Spectrum
Superior planets
30. 1. We see rapid movements or high energy radiation coming at some level from the nuclei of nearly every galaxy we have looked at. 2. We suspect that the creation of these supermassive black holes is part of the galaxy formation process.
2 Reasons Why there are Supermassive Black holes at the center of every Galaxy
standard candle
In an expanding universe all galaxies see all other galaxies that are not gravitationally bound to them receding away. This is what we see in the Hubble Law. We infer that the Hubble law also holds true for all other galaxies.
CNO Cycle
31. A phenomenon seen when the Earth passes through the orbit of a burned out comet
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
meteor shower
AGN
MOONS: largest size
32. Approximate speed of light in a vacuum
300000 KM/sec
smallest diameter
Light Pollution
Largest diameter
33. 10 nm 10^2 nm
Electromagnetic Radiation: X-Ray
Rich Cluster
A family of radiant energy- includes light
Turn off Point
34. A very low mass particle formed in solar fusion reactions that reacts only weakly with matter
Inverse Square Law
neutrino
2 Reasons Why there are Supermassive Black holes at the center of every Galaxy
great red spot
35. Mercury and venus
Blackbody
fewest moons
mare basalt
Electron
36. Any change in the speed or direction of an object's motion
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
Electromagnetic Radiation: Radio
Big Crunch
acceleration
37. The mass of an object divided by its volume
interstellar dust
density
Stephen-Boltzman Law
Particle Horizon
38. Sc galaxies
Seeing
Flocculent spirals
Main Sequence
most moons
39. A streak of light in the atmosphere
Interstellar Extinction
Cepheid Variable
planetesimal
meteor
40. Hot cells of gas that rise and fall in the hotosphere
belt
Sc spiral galaxy
Blackbody
Granules
41. When particles are compressed to an unnatural state where their pressure is not related to their temperature
radio galaxy
Degeneracy
Hubble constant
synchronous rotation
42. A cloud of ionized hydrogen. Formed when young stars heat the surrounding gas
self-propagating star formation
cosmological principle
Ammonia - methane - and water
HII Region
43. Half of the longest diameter across an ellipse
Shepherd satellite
comet
Objective Lens
semimajor axis
44. The dimming of starlight by intervening dust
Interstellar Extinction
most moons
Zenith
reflection star clusters
45. A star that blows itself apart
regolith
Supernova (You can be my supernova girl)
Penumbra
general star population
46. A quantity measuring the stability of the Earth's atmosphere
chemical differentiation
Seeing
Hyashi track
Dwarf planets
47. Any change in the speed or direction of an object's motion
acceleration
highlands
cosmology
meteoriod
48. In a CLOSED UNIVERSE - the curvature of space-time is _________. Parallel beams will converge/diverge/remain parallel (circle one). The density parameter - Ω0 - is _____.
Galilean satellite
How is winding dilemma solved?
Photon
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
49. What is the universe expanding into?
asteroid
It does not have to expand into anything. It might just be that the 3 dimensions of space are getting bigger. It may also be that our 3 spatial dimensions are expanding into higher dimensions if such things exist.
Self-Propogating Star Formation
Seeing
50. The lens in a telescope used to determine the magnification
Active Optics
Largest diameter
Eyepiece Lens
Focal Plane