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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Material that shoots rapidly out into space. Flares cause Auroras
H2 Regions
MOONS: largest size
radiation pressure
Flare
2. An entity that is likely in the nucleus of most - if not all - galaxies.
supermassive black hole
Superior planets
tectonics of Earth
dark matter
3. Dying small mass stars lose their outer layers in a relatively gentle way - creating a round or bipolar nebula about the star (round like planets)
Electromagnetic Radiation: Visible Light
Parsec
planetary nebula
Oort cloud
4. The Greek philosopher responsible for making the stellar magnitude scale.
Hipparchus
Oort cloud
Sunspots
synchronous rotation
5. The point in its orbit where a planet is nearest the sun
Filament
Metals
jovian
Perihelion
6. Plate tectonics due to thickness of crust and maintain their general form when they collide-where most volcanoes are.
Electron
tectonics of Earth
matter dominated universe
Apollo asteroids
7. Dark areas on the sun that are cooler than the surrounding photosphere
Neutron Star
aurora
conjunction
Sunspots
8. A word used in astronomy to describe all elements besides hydrogen and helium
Resolving Power
Chandrasekhar Limit
Focal Length
Metals
9. N=are*Fp(Ne)(Fl)(Fi)(Fc)(L) N: number of civilizations possible to communicate with are*: rate solar-like stars are created Fp: fraction of stars with planets Ne: number of planets like ours Fl: fraction of planets with life Fi: intelligent life Fc:
Spectroscopic Parallax
The Big Bang Theory
quarks
Drake equation
10. The seasonal shifting of a nearby star's position relative to more distant objects.
Total Eclipse
OB Associations
Parallax
Penumbra
11. Matter so dense that even light cannot escape its gravity
Energy Level
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
Black Hole
solar nebula
12. When the Sun is farthest north of the celestial equator (about June 22)
Largest diameter
Summer Solstice
Resolving Power
regolith
13. In what chemical form are jupiters nitrogen - carbon and oxygen?
Zenith
Ammonia - methane - and water
Stephen-Boltzman Law
Oort Cloud
14. Formed from slow rotating clouds - collapsed quicker - initial star formation rate is high but died out - older - little rotation - look redder
homogeneous
shape and color of ELLIPTICAL galaxies
Wein's Law
Meridian
15. The universe is isotropic - homogeneous - and without beginning or end in time and space. If the universe is truly homogeneous then every line of sight will eventually end on a galaxy. If it has existed forever then there has been enough time for lig
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16. 10^2 nm 10^7 nm
Colestial Pole
Brown dwarf
era of recombination
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
17. A very dense - highly populated cluster of galaxies
Largest diameter
The Big Bang Theory
Rich Cluster
standard candle
18. An important quality of telescopes that increases as the square of the primary mirror or objective lens
Magnification
Coronal Loop
Cassegrain Focus
Light Gathering Power
19. Distribution of dust (tells us disk is thin) - find distances to O&B stars and H2 regions (arms are sights of star formation and OB stars live and die at location of birth) -Milky way has four arms. Sun is in spur apart from arms.
quarks
Emission Spectrum
Ecliptic
mapping the structure of Milky Way disk
20. Very center of galaxy. suggestion of a black hole
meteoriod
nucleus
Dwarf planets
tectonics of Mars
21. How did Earth come to have an oxygen rich atmosphere?
Dark Matter
Photon
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
Perihelion
22. Places in the asteroid belt - caused by resonance with Jupiter - where there are no asteroids
Jupiters red spot
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
accretion
Kirkwood gaps
23. Medium bulge - moderately would arms - arms have H2 regions in them and look sort of lumpy
Secondary Mirror
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
Focal Length
Sb spiral galaxy
24. Large nebula consisting of very cold gas and dust
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
homogeneous
superclusters
Molecular Clouds
25. A bright area of higher temperature that often proceeds the formation of sunspots.
Secondary Mirror
Thermonuclear Fusion
Plague
Electromagnetic Radiation
26. Mercury
tectonics of Earth
thinnest atmosphere
Perihelion
radio lobe
27. A star that erratically and explosively brightens and dims
resonance
Turn off Point
Nova
Main Sequence
28. A large and bright but cool star.
Red Giant
nova
Trojan asteroids
Active Optics
29. A change in the appearance of the sun at the edge of the solar disk
regolith
Cepheid variables
Limb darkening
Turn off Point
30. The force of attraction between any two objects having mass
gravity
homogeneous
Annular Eclipse
Dwarf planets
31. The imaginary sphere centered on the Earth that hols the stars.
Light Pollution
Celestial Sphere
rotation curve=winding dilemma?
density waves
32. A measure of the ability of a telescope to see fine detail
Resolving Power
Umbra
plate tectonics
Dark Matter
33. Matter that reveals itself only through its gravitational attraction
Dark Matter
Granules
synchronous rotation
slowest rotation
34. A telescope that uses mirrors to focus light
Reflector
dark matter
zone
Photosphere
35. 1. We see rapid movements or high energy radiation coming at some level from the nuclei of nearly every galaxy we have looked at. 2. We suspect that the creation of these supermassive black holes is part of the galaxy formation process.
Density Wave
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
2 Reasons Why there are Supermassive Black holes at the center of every Galaxy
H-are Diagram
36. The faint glow of light left over from the Big Bang. cosmic microwave background are the photons that remain after the big bang that have not turned into matter.
CMB
Trojan asteroids
dark energy
Lagrangian Razor
37. The law that describes the blackbody curve - and let to quantum mechanics.
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38. Sulfurous volcanoes - pools of liquid sulfur - surface resembles cheese pizza ACTIVE SURFACE
Nowhere visible to us. If there are higher dimension then the center would be visible to someone who lives in one. If there are no higher dimensions then the center does not exist.
superclusters
Io (jupiters moon)
Summer Solstice
39. The light produced when particles from the sun collide with atmospheric molecules
asteroid
Wein's Law
aurora
Most dense
40. A star without enough mass to begin hydrogen fusion
Main Sequence Stars
Brown dwarf
Dark matter is located at center of clusters - pulling the cluster members into faster orbits--dark matter gravity keeps objects in galxies bound.
Cosmological Principle
41. Is there water on the moon?
general star population
force
Limb darkening
Yes - frozen at the poles- remains protected from the suns rays
42. A measure of the force of gravity on an object
weight
Particle Horizon
Olber's paradox
epicycle
43. Stars fromt he Halo that have drifted into the disk. as earth zooms past them in a faster orbit they appear to be going backward very fast
High Velocity Stars
Celestial Equator
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
44. The dark - relativley smooth areas on the moon; Latin for sea
Cepheid variables
Self-Propogating Star Formation
Maria
accretion
45. The first rock-sized bodies that formed in the solar nebula from dust grains
chondrite
Dark Nebula
belt
era of recombination
46. When the Sun moves from south to north across the celestial equator (about March 21)
Sa spiral galaxy
Rich Cluster
Vernal Equinox
rotation curve=winding dilemma?
47. The projection of the Earth's equator onto the celestial sphere.
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
Big Bang
cosmic fireball
Celestial Equator
48. The amount an image is enlarged by a telescope
radio galaxy
Magnification
Photometry
AGN
49. N=are*Fp(Ne)(Fl)(Fi)(Fc)(L) N: number of civilizations possible to communicate with are*: rate solar-like stars are created Fp: fraction of stars with planets Ne: number of planets like ours Fl: fraction of planets with life Fi: intelligent life Fc:
resonance
meteor shower
Kirkwood gaps
Drake equation
50. The shadow behind the Earth or Moon where the Sun is partially obscured.
Oort cloud
Penumbra
Ammonia - methane - and water
cosmic singularity