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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A small chunk of rock in space
meteoriod
scarp
Dark Matter
greatest elongation
2. The particle horizon is the farthest we can see. It exists because the universe had a beginning and thus a definite age. Light from distances farther away from the particle horizon have not had time to reach us yet.
Interstellar Extinction
Big Bang
planetesimal
Particle Horizon
3. Distribution of dust (tells us disk is thin) - find distances to O&B stars and H2 regions (arms are sights of star formation and OB stars live and die at location of birth) -Milky way has four arms. Sun is in spur apart from arms.
supernova
A family of radiant energy- includes light
shape and color of ELLIPTICAL galaxies
mapping the structure of Milky Way disk
4. A phenomenon seen when the Earth passes through the orbit of a burned out comet
reflection star clusters
cosmological principle
meteor shower
condensation temperature
5. A fusion process in which a carbon atom transmutes to oxygen and back - creating a helium atom in the process
Secondary Mirror
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
CNO Cycle
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
6. Form honeycomb like patterns surrounding empty or nearly empty voids.
Black Hole
cosmic singularity
How is winding dilemma solved?
superclusters
7. The apparent backward motion of a planet against the background of stars.
Thermonuclear Fusion
Halo
Lagrangian Razor
retrograde motion
8. A star that is burning hydrogen to helium in a shell surrounding it's core
tectonics of Earth
Red Giant Branch Star
Trojan asteroids
Corona
9. Titan
Apparent Magnitude
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
300000 KM/sec
Olber's paradox
10. A younger cluster of stars - found in the galaxy disk
E=mc2
Open Cluster
Continuous Spectrum
Roundest orbit
11. The distance between a lens and its focal plane
Brown dwarf
Focal Length
standard candle
open star clusters
12. In Ptolemy's geocentric solar system - the small circle on which a planet moved.
Primary Mirror
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
Ground State
epicycle
13. The dark - relativley smooth areas on the moon; Latin for sea
Grand design spirals
Maria
Flat - Flat
Liquid metallic hydrogen
14. A point in the sky where meteors appear to come from during a shower
radiant
rotation curve=winding dilemma?
Gamma-ray Burst
Corona
15. Largest moon in solar system - two differenet types of terrain - darker terrain is older - NOT ACTIVE SURFACE
Planck time
Penumbra
Color Index
Ganymede (Jupiter)
16. A galaxy emitting large amounts of energy at long wavelengths.
radio galaxy
Electromagnetic Radiation: X-Ray
force
Synchrotron Rotation
17. The lens that gathers the light in a refractor
density
Objective Lens
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
3 reasons we orbit satellites to observe universe
18. The elementary building blocks from which protons and neutrons are formed.
Radiative Diffusion
Halo
quarks
great red spot
19. A star without enough mass to begin hydrogen fusion
Brown dwarf
Rich Cluster
resonance
Emission Spectrum
20. Form honeycomb like patterns surrounding empty or nearly empty voids.
superclusters
Thermonuclear Fusion
Roundest orbit
Differential Rotation
21. We can infer the absolute magnitude of pulsating variable stars by measuring their pulsation periods. The longer the pulsations - the greater their luminosities. We then again measure their apparent magnitudes - compare it with their absolute magnitu
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
Electromagnetic Radiation
Gravitational Lens
Cepheid variables
22. The elementary building blocks from which protons and neutrons are formed.
quarks
Drake equation
radiation dominated universe
In an expanding universe all galaxies see all other galaxies that are not gravitationally bound to them receding away. This is what we see in the Hubble Law. We infer that the Hubble law also holds true for all other galaxies.
23. The telescope configuration that has the focus placed at the back of the primary mirror
Ground State
Oort Cloud
Cassegrain Focus
Electron
24. A plot of star absolute magnitude verses spectral type.
H-are Diagram
H2 Regions
Black Hole
planetary nebula
25. Mercury
Plank's Law
smallest diameter
Spectroscopic parallax
comet
26. In Ptolemy's geocentric solar system - the large circle on which a planet's epicycle moved around the Earth.
open star clusters
condensation temperature
Limb darkening
deferent
27. N=are*Fp(Ne)(Fl)(Fi)(Fc)(L) N: number of civilizations possible to communicate with are*: rate solar-like stars are created Fp: fraction of stars with planets Ne: number of planets like ours Fl: fraction of planets with life Fi: intelligent life Fc:
Synodic Day
Parsec
Drake equation
Rich vs poor clusters
28. A large - irregularly shaped rocky object orbiting the sun mostly between mars and jupiter. Left-over planetesimals
asteroid
homogeneous
Callisto (Jupiter)
slowest rotation
29. The apparent magnitude a star would have if it were at a distance of 10 parsecs.
Spectroscopic Parallax
It does not have to expand into anything. It might just be that the 3 dimensions of space are getting bigger. It may also be that our 3 spatial dimensions are expanding into higher dimensions if such things exist.
We don't know. It might be but does not have to be.
Absolute Magnitude
30. Very center of galaxy. suggestion of a black hole
Active Optics
Eyepiece Lens
nucleus
Density Wave
31. The equation that describes how matter equates with energy
neutrino
Parallax
E=mc2
planetary nebula
32. A large - irregularly shaped rocky object orbiting the sun mostly between mars and jupiter. Left-over planetesimals
E=mc2
asteroid
Resolving Power
fusion crust
33. A long-lived high-pressure bulge in Jupiter's southern hemisphere
most moons
scarp
smallest diameter
great red spot
34. The rotation period of the Earth measured relative to the Sun.
Thickest atmosphere
fewest moons
Synodic Day
White Dwarf
35. Mercury and venus
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
Open - flat - and closed.
Objective Lens
fewest moons
36. A star that erratically and explosively brightens and dims
Largest diameter
Continuous Spectrum
Energy Level
Nova
37. A fusion process in which protons build together to form helium
Occam's razor
MOONS: roundest shape
Proton-proton chain
fastest rotation
38. The rotation of a star or planet at different speeds at its equator and poles
density waves
aurora
differential rotation
Bulge
39. The shadow area behind the Earth or Moon where the Sun is completely obscured.
Seeing
Lagrangian Razor
Umbra
Io (jupiters moon)
40. Light-flaky crust - convective currents cause it to wrinkle and bunch (1/5 of surface). uniform cratering suggests lack of weathering and tectonics. volcanoes are flat due to atmospheric pressure.
tectonics of Venus
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
inferior planets
Dwarf planets
41. Large nebula consisting of very cold gas and dust
Flare
Molecular Clouds
mass
Negative - Diverge - Less than 1
42. A two-filter measure of the color - and hence temperature - of a star.
Color Index
Atomic Number
Secondary Mirror
self-propagating star formation
43. The distance light travels in one year (=9.46x10^12km).
Penumbra
Light-Year
opposition
Parsec
44. Dark areas on the sun that are cooler than the surrounding photosphere
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
Sunspots
In an expanding universe all galaxies see all other galaxies that are not gravitationally bound to them receding away. This is what we see in the Hubble Law. We infer that the Hubble law also holds true for all other galaxies.
Rich Cluster
45. When material is heated and moves taking the heat energy with it
Convection
Active Optics
Cosmic Microwave Background
Ecliptic
46. The telescope configuration that has the focus placed at the back of the primary mirror
Ionization
Cassegrain Focus
Halo
MOONS: larger than mercury
47. Sudden blasts of gamma radiation from a very distant galaxy caused possibly by a supernova explosion.
Plank's Law
Kuiper belt
Synchrotron Rotation
Gamma ray bursts
48. The state of having a balance between inward and outard pressures in a gas--the inward force from gravity is balanced by the outward force from heat.
HII Region
It does not have to expand into anything. It might just be that the 3 dimensions of space are getting bigger. It may also be that our 3 spatial dimensions are expanding into higher dimensions if such things exist.
Hydrostatic Equilibrium
aurora
49. The Greek philosopher responsible for making the stellar magnitude scale.
Population 1 vs Population 2 stars
Seeing
density waves
Hipparchus
50. If stars have diff orbital periods - than any arms formed by stars will wind into a tight spiral pattern (billion yrs or so)
The Big Bang Theory resolves Olber's Paradox
Supernova (You can be my supernova girl)
rotation curve=winding dilemma?
Make up of the terrestrial planets