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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Flattened spherical distribution of old stars with some young stars too. 'hub' of Milky way - stars orbit with solid body speeds. Elongated into bar shape
Callisto (Jupiter)
HII Region
Galilean satellite
bulge
2. The act of removing an electron from an atom.
aphelion
Population 1 vs Population 2 stars
Ionization
Sa spiral galaxy
3. Flattened spherical distribution of old stars with some young stars too. 'hub' of Milky way - stars orbit with solid body speeds. Elongated into bar shape
meteorite
bulge
Rich Cluster
Blackbody Curve
4. The force of attraction between any two objects having mass
reflection star clusters
gravity
solar nebula
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
5. The 11 or 22 period on the sun durin which sunspots increase - decrease - change polarity - increase and decrease again.
regolith
Kuiper belt
least dense
Sunspot cycle
6. Small compact stars called white dwarfs can have material deposited on their surfaces. In time material heats up and explodes in surface nuclear reaction- star brightens - settles - repeats.
Ionization
Make up of the terrestrial planets
nova
Big Bang
7. When the Sun is farthest north of the celestial equator (about June 22)
Liquid metallic hydrogen
Summer Solstice
Chandrasekhar Limit
Parallax
8. A point in the sky where meteors appear to come from during a shower
aurora
Nowhere visible to us. If there are higher dimension then the center would be visible to someone who lives in one. If there are no higher dimensions then the center does not exist.
radiant
Steady State Theory (Leads to Olber's Paradox)
9. Distance from sun to nucleus- 8 kiloparsecs (26000 LY) - diameter of Milky way- 150000 LY - length for sun to orbit once around milky way- 250 million years
Flat - Flat
Ole Roemer
Milky way Galaxy
aurora
10. Radiation (possibly left over from the big bang) that fills the universe. Perfect black body spectrum and tells us a bit aout how galaxies are formed.
Ganymede (Jupiter)
smallest diameter
Perihelion
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
11. A highly variable galaxy nucleus of which BL Lac is one. Their light is highly energetic and their spectra are featureless. (face on)
blazar
molecular clouds
Nova
Ground State
12. The family of radiant energy that includes light as a subset
Electromagnetic Radiation
Convection
Make up of the jovian planets
Big Crunch
13. The apparent path of the Sun through the stars on the celestial sphere.
Ecliptic
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
rotation curve=winding dilemma?
inferior planets
14. Long - meandering cliff formed when a planet surface cools and shrinks
scarp
Main Sequence Stars
Photon
Maria
15. The layer of the sun just above the photosphere
anorthosite
Chromosphere
density waves
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
16. The act of removing an electron from an atom.
Light-Year
Ionization
Precession
Penumbra
17. Is there water on the moon?
MOONS: larger than mercury
Absolute Magnitude
Oort cloud
Yes - frozen at the poles- remains protected from the suns rays
18. All possible types of energy that can be emitted and absorbed by atoms.
Light Curve
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
Oort cloud
Electromagnetic Radiation
19. The state of having a balance between inward and outard pressures in a gas--the inward force from gravity is balanced by the outward force from heat.
Wein's Law
Refractor
Hydrostatic Equilibrium
Doppler Shift
20. A push or a pull
force
Electromagnetic Radiation: Ultraviolet Light
The Big Bang Theory
Sb spiral galaxy
21. The point in its orbit where a planet is nearest the sun
greatest elongation
Rich vs poor clusters
Perihelion
dark matter
22. An efficient - two-dimensional electronic light detector. Common in digital cameras - they revolutionized astronomical imaging
CCD
synchronous rotation
Thermonuclear Fusion
Annular Eclipse
23. A spherical shell of comets that orbit the sun at a great distance (roughly two light years from the sun)
Oort cloud
Cassegrain Focus
Eyepiece Lens
Spectroscopic Parallax
24. A collection of galaxies like the one the Milky Way belongs to
Poor Cluster
MOONS: roundest shape
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
reflection star clusters
25. Young clusters in disk are irregularly shaped since they have no time to relax into the rounder relaxed shape of globular clusters-will constantly be torn apart and assimilated.
general star population
Wein's Law
open star clusters
supermassive black hole
26. The mass of an object divided by its volume
Cosmic Microwave Background
density
nova
SETI
27. A planet orbiting about a distant star
Heliocentric
Liquid metallic hydrogen
Extrasolar Planet
Hyashi track
28. A phenomenon seen when the Earth passes through the orbit of a burned out comet
scarp
Refractor
cosmological principle
meteor shower
29. An element of a highly efficient - two-dimensional electronic light detector
Summer Solstice
Turn off Point
Pixel
Make up of the terrestrial planets
30. When one side of a body always faces the planet it revolves around
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
mapping the structure of Milky Way disk
synchronous rotation
smallest diameter
31. Extremely round - lots of liquid water - ice rafts on surface ACTIVE SURFACE
Molecular Clouds
Umbra
Liquid metallic hydrogen
Europa (Jupiters moon)
32. Old - pock marked - icy surface - interior is not differentiated - geologically dead - NOT ACTIVE SURFACE
Ionization
Callisto (Jupiter)
dark matter
Active Optics
33. Heavier elements such as iron - silicon - magnesium - sulfer - nickel
great dark spots
Objective Lens
Make up of the terrestrial planets
We don't know. It might be but does not have to be.
34. Sulfurous volcanoes - pools of liquid sulfur - surface resembles cheese pizza ACTIVE SURFACE
Io (jupiters moon)
conjunction
MOONS: larger than mercury
Supernova (You can be my supernova girl)
35. The linear correlation between the rate of the expansion of the universe and distance. Says that as galaxies get farther away in space - the speed with which they recede from us increases. So we can measure the amount of recessional velocity and use
Hubble law
Oort Cloud
Flocculent spirals
Gamma ray bursts
36. Ganymede and Titan
Jovian Planets
MOONS: larger than mercury
shape and color of SPIRAL galaxies
Big Bang
37. Extends to a distance of 50000AU. Same objects as in the Kuiper belt-when they fall in toward the sun they become comets. Debris from comets hitting the Earths atmosphere cause meteor showers.
Parsec
Oort Cloud
Stephen-Boltzman Law
Summer Solstice
38. The rotation of a star or planet at different speeds at its equator and poles
differential rotation
opposition
quarks
synchrotron radiation
39. Hydrogen and helium (mainly)
Sb spiral galaxy
Trojan asteroids
Chandrasekhar Limit
Make up of the jovian planets
40. Sc galaxies
retrograde motion
OB Associations
Ecliptic
Flocculent spirals
41. The entity responsible for spiral arms in grand-design spiral galaxies
Density Wave
Eyepiece Lens
Electromagnetic Radiation: Microwave
aphelion
42. Highlands: rocks are made of lighter anorthosite (similar to old earth rocks) Maria: rocks made of heavy mare basalt (volcanic rock) everywhere else is loose regolith created by meteoric impact.
Parallax
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
Flat - Flat
retrograde motion
43. Small bulges - loosely wound - massive arms - arms have many H2 regions and look very lumpy
Zenith
Sc spiral galaxy
Gamma-ray Burst
Synchrotron Rotation
44. A long-lived high-pressure bulge in Jupiter's southern hemisphere
aphelion
era of recombination
great red spot
Kirkwood gaps
45. Largest moon in solar system - two differenet types of terrain - darker terrain is older - NOT ACTIVE SURFACE
Ganymede (Jupiter)
synchronous rotation
Quasar
Light Curve
46. The crust of a meteorite caused by its entry into Earth's atmosphere
mare basalt
aurora
fusion crust
Interstellar Extinction
47. An important quality of telescopes that increases as the square of the primary mirror or objective lens
radio galaxy
synchrotron radiation
Light Gathering Power
Astronomical Unit
48. Sudden blasts of gamma radiation from a very distant galaxy caused possibly by a supernova explosion.
jovian
Open - flat - and closed.
Gamma ray bursts
great red spot
49. A star that is in the process of forming. It glows from gravitational contraction
protostar
conjunction
Synchrotron Rotation
Steady State Theory (Leads to Olber's Paradox)
50. The shadow area behind the Earth or Moon where the Sun is completely obscured.
Umbra
acceleration
Flare
The Big Bang Theory
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