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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Latin for 'cloud'. A word used to describe the collections of gas and dust in the Milky Way and other galaxies
Nebula
solar nebula
Emission Spectrum
The Big Bang Theory resolves Olber's Paradox
2. Heavier elements such as iron - silicon - magnesium - sulfer - nickel
Penumbra
Triple Alpha rocess
Make up of the terrestrial planets
The Local Group
3. The time when the universe cooled sufficiently for atoms to exist. radiation dominated= first 300000 years - THEN era of recombination turns into matter dominated for next.
era of recombination
Thermonuclear Fusion
Enke gap
matter dominated universe
4. Hot cells of gas that rise and fall in the hotosphere
Granules
Summer Solstice
Cosmic Microwave Background
open star clusters
5. Rich= dense crowded cores of galaxies - poor= few members and a looser organization of galaxies
Rich vs poor clusters
Ecliptic
Spectroscopic Parallax
Photometry
6. 1. We see rapid movements or high energy radiation coming at some level from the nuclei of nearly every galaxy we have looked at. 2. We suspect that the creation of these supermassive black holes is part of the galaxy formation process.
Vernal Equinox
2 Reasons Why there are Supermassive Black holes at the center of every Galaxy
Heliocentric
The Big Bang Theory
7. The gap etween saturn's A and B rings
Cassini division
Oort cloud
density waves
If it is in a denser medium - such as glass - it will move slower
8. The oldest terrain on the moon
Metals
Dwarf planets
MOONS: larger than mercury
highlands
9. A spinning neutron star
Coldest surface
Big Bang
slowest rotation
Pulsar
10. The process responsible for creating the arms of flocculent spiral galaxies
Umbra
Self-Propogating Star Formation
weight
Electromagnetic Radiation
11. 10^2 nm 10^7 nm
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
Self-Propogating Star Formation
Ecliptic
Umbra
12. Radiation given off by electrons accelerating in a magnetic field
Synchrotron Rotation
Active Optics
CMB
Seyfert galaxy
13. The temp at which a substance in the vacuum of space solidifies
condensation temperature
How is winding dilemma solved?
cosmological principle
deferent
14. When a planet lines up with the sun inthe sky
conjunction
chemical differentiation
least dense
Reflector
15. A star that is in the process of forming. It glows from gravitational contraction
Sa spiral galaxy
Oort cloud
Main Sequence
protostar
16. The class of all objects having high energy radiation coming from their nuclei. Active Galactic Nucleus- Blazars - Quasars - Radio and Emit synchrotron radiation
conjunction
Light Gathering Power
Coronal Loop
AGN
17. The distance light travels in one year (=9.46x10^12km).
Light-Year
Supercluster
Electromagnetic Radiation: Radio
Dwarf planets
18. How did Earth come to have an oxygen rich atmosphere?
Poor Cluster
quasar
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
Kirkwood gaps
19. The state of having a balance between inflowing and outflowing heat-- the temp at every radial point is different but constant
general star population
Thermal Equilibrium
Parallax
Pixel
20. Highlands: rocks are made of lighter anorthosite (similar to old earth rocks) Maria: rocks made of heavy mare basalt (volcanic rock) everywhere else is loose regolith created by meteoric impact.
SETI
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
conjunction
Extrasolar Planet
21. The law that predicts the possible types of spectra.
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22. Hurricane-like vortex in southern-hemisphere winds to north and south blow in opposite directions which keep it spinning and with no subsurface features like mountians it persists.
Spectroscopic Parallax
Jupiters red spot
Olber's paradox
Ionization
23. Theory virtually demands that the geometry of the universe be ______. Results of measuring lumps in the cosmic background radiation indicate that the universe geometry is ________.
Flat - Flat
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
mass
great red spot
24. How did Earth come to have an oxygen rich atmosphere?
Synchrotron Rotation
Halo
Limb darkening
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
25. Hurricane-like vortex in southern-hemisphere winds to north and south blow in opposite directions which keep it spinning and with no subsurface features like mountians it persists.
dark energy
Jupiters red spot
Ground State
In an expanding universe all galaxies see all other galaxies that are not gravitationally bound to them receding away. This is what we see in the Hubble Law. We infer that the Hubble law also holds true for all other galaxies.
26. The average distance between the Earth and the Sun (=1.5 x10^8km)
meteoriod
Photometry
Maria
Astronomical Unit
27. The location around an atom where an electron resides.
Asymptotic giant Branch Star
Energy Level
Roundest orbit
Kuiper belt
28. A technique using computer-controlled mirrors to sharpen images distorted by the atmosphere
Active Optics
density waves
Occam's razor
Precession
29. The powdered stone fragments that make up the lunar 'soil'
Objective Lens
anorthosite
cosmic singularity
regolith
30. When the Sun moves from south to north across the celestial equator (about March 21)
standard candle
Corona
Vernal Equinox
Light Gathering Power
31. When a planet lines up with the sun inthe sky
conjunction
Terrestrial Planets
Trojan asteroids
H-are Diagram
32. An entity that is likely in the nucleus of most - if not all - galaxies.
Globular Cluster
tectonics of Mars
supermassive black hole
great dark spots
33. The lowest energy of an atom.
Ganymede (Jupiter)
plate tectonics
Planetary Nebula
Ground State
34. Distance from sun to nucleus- 8 kiloparsecs (26000 LY) - diameter of Milky way- 150000 LY - length for sun to orbit once around milky way- 250 million years
Void
supermassive black hole
Milky way Galaxy
Instability strip
35. The opaque universe that existed for 300000 years after the Big Bang. (photons outnumbered nuclei by 1 billion to one - so less light)
quasar
conjunction
zone
radiation dominated universe
36. A measure of the ability of a telescope to see fine detail
inferior planets
Resolving Power
Kuiper belt
Dark Matter
37. A highly variable galaxy nucleus of which BL Lac is one. Their light is highly energetic and their spectra are featureless. (face on)
Big Bang
Umbra
fastest rotation
blazar
38. The particle horizon is the farthest we can see. It exists because the universe had a beginning and thus a definite age. Light from distances farther away from the particle horizon have not had time to reach us yet.
Maria
Red Giant
Particle Horizon
OB Associations
39. The source of the force that is accelerating the expansion rate of the universe.
Enke gap
dark energy
Most dense
Oort cloud
40. The entity responsible for spiral arms in grand-design spiral galaxies
Summer Solstice
Sidereal Day
Io (jupiters moon)
Density Wave
41. A galaxy sending out a stream of material from its nucleus
Metals
Radio Galaxy
Sa spiral galaxy
Absorption Spectrum
42. The assumption that the universe is isotropic (same in all directions) and homogeneous (Same everywhere throughout)
Black Hole
Enke gap
cosmological principle
general star population
43. The surface of the sun
Wein's Law
Big Crunch
Parallax
Photosphere
44. A telescope that uses lenses to focus light
Proton-proton chain
Refractor
Vernal Equinox
AGN
45. The average distance between the Earth and the Sun (=1.5 x10^8km)
Photon
Astronomical Unit
plate tectonics
radio galaxy
46. A galaxy sending out a stream of material from its nucleus
Gamma-ray Burst
Dwarf planets
Radio Galaxy
Blackbody Curve
47. A high-pressure bulge in Neptune's southern hemisphere
great dark spots
CNO Cycle
Hydrostatic Equilibrium
Absorption Spectrum
48. Neptune or uranus
radiation dominated universe
Electromagnetic Radiation
Coldest surface
HII Region
49. When one side of a body always faces the planet it revolves around
Nova
synchronous rotation
Vernal Equinox
Nucleus
50. An important quality of telescopes that increases as the square of the primary mirror or objective lens
Electromagnetic Radiation
critical density
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
Light Gathering Power