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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Matter that reveals itself only through its gravitational attraction.
quasar
dark matter
Zenith
greehouse effects
2. Radiation (possibly left over from the big bang) that fills the universe. Perfect black body spectrum and tells us a bit aout how galaxies are formed.
Heliocentric
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
Magnification
thinnest atmosphere
3. The temp at which a substance in the vacuum of space solidifies
Europa (Jupiters moon)
condensation temperature
Limb darkening
Pixel
4. A phenomenon seen when the Earth passes through the orbit of a burned out comet
Flare
era of recombination
meteor shower
Ammonia - methane - and water
5. Poitns of gravitational stability in the orbit of a planet
Lagrangian Razor
Brown dwarf
shape and color of SPIRAL galaxies
Magnification
6. 1. We see rapid movements or high energy radiation coming at some level from the nuclei of nearly every galaxy we have looked at. 2. We suspect that the creation of these supermassive black holes is part of the galaxy formation process.
Proton-proton chain
Earth resurfaces itself due to erosion and plate tectonics - while the moon has neither.
2 Reasons Why there are Supermassive Black holes at the center of every Galaxy
accretion
7. Wave- only waves cause an interference pattern when passing through a double slit - particle- only particles deposit energy at specific locations (the way an image builds up on digital camera)
Thickest atmosphere
Dark matter is located at center of clusters - pulling the cluster members into faster orbits--dark matter gravity keeps objects in galxies bound.
Celestial Sphere
Light: travels like a wave - detected like a particle
8. A toroidal or donut-shaped collection of material attracted to a central body like a star or black hole. Dust around an object
Metals
Secondary Mirror
accretion disk
Self-Propogating Star Formation
9. The shadow area behind the Earth or Moon where the Sun is completely obscured.
Olber's paradox
Umbra
Cepheid variables
dark energy
10. Stars orvits do not define the spiral patterns - instead they are density waves that move at slower speeds (arms are defined by young O and B stars and gas clouds)
How is winding dilemma solved?
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
Objective Lens
Dark Nebula
11. The dimming of starlight by intervening dust
Interstellar Extinction
Vernal Equinox
Cassini division
chemical differentiation
12. A cloud of ionized hydrogen. Formed when young stars heat the surrounding gas
epicycle
planetesimal
HII Region
Cassegrain Focus
13. A nearby galaxy with a quasar-like nucleus. closer but less bright than quasars-weaker
Hubble constant
Seyfert galaxy
Particle Horizon
In an expanding universe all galaxies see all other galaxies that are not gravitationally bound to them receding away. This is what we see in the Hubble Law. We infer that the Hubble law also holds true for all other galaxies.
14. A collection of galaxies like the one the Milky Way belongs to
Oort cloud
Convection
Kuiper belt
Poor Cluster
15. The point directly overhead.
Wein's Law
Zenith
mass
Kirchhoff's Law
16. Jupiter
Thermonuclear Fusion
cosmological principle
fastest rotation
Neutron Star
17. Flat disk with gas - dust - H2 regions - molecular clouds - dust young stars and remnants of old planetary nebula and supernova remnants. stars spin together with similar velocities called differential rotation
meteoriod
disk
Resolving Power
Geocentric
18. As open clusters age - they push gas away but dust remains this can reflect light giving the cluster a blue-ish color. also called reflection nebula
reflection star clusters
H-are Diagram
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
accretion
19. Light-flaky crust - convective currents cause it to wrinkle and bunch (1/5 of surface). uniform cratering suggests lack of weathering and tectonics. volcanoes are flat due to atmospheric pressure.
tectonics of Venus
Interstellar Extinction
Gravitational Lens
Color Index
20. Large bulge - tightly wound spiral arms - relatively few h2 regions and are smooth
Dark matter is located at center of clusters - pulling the cluster members into faster orbits--dark matter gravity keeps objects in galxies bound.
Black Hole
density
Sa spiral galaxy
21. Jupiter
Superior planets
synchrotron radiation
Globular Cluster
fastest rotation
22. Clouds of low density gas often found glowing faintly on either side of an AGN.
synchronous rotation
supernova
Interstellar Extinction
radio lobe
23. Ganymede and Titan
greehouse effects
Atomic Number
MOONS: larger than mercury
shape and color of ELLIPTICAL galaxies
24. Infinitely long -> 10 cm
supernova
Electromagnetic Radiation: Radio
3 reasons we orbit satellites to observe universe
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
25. A telescope that uses lenses to focus light
Refractor
meteor shower
How is winding dilemma solved?
Hipparchus
26. A push or a pull
roche limit
Absorption Spectrum
Titus-Bode Law
force
27. Norhern lowlands- darker in color and have far fewer craters as if an ancient sea or ice field covered them. southern highlands- much higher in density of craters.
tectonics of Mars
Vernal Equinox
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
Plague
28. A planet that is farther from the sun than the Earth is
Terrestrial Planets
Precession
Superior planets
Blackbody
29. A prominence seen against the disk of the sun
Filament
coma
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
Continuous Spectrum
30. A high-pressure bulge in Neptune's southern hemisphere
fusion crust
synchronous rotation
isotropic
great dark spots
31. The location around an atom where an electron resides.
mare basalt
Energy Level
2 Reasons Why there are Supermassive Black holes at the center of every Galaxy
Self-Propogating Star Formation
32. Rich= dense crowded cores of galaxies - poor= few members and a looser organization of galaxies
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
Quasar
Rich vs poor clusters
Pulsar
33. That which is responsible for Jupiter's magnetic field
Liquid metallic hydrogen
Pixel
jovian
Summer Solstice
34. We can infer the absolute magnitude of pulsating variable stars by measuring their pulsation periods. The longer the pulsations - the greater their luminosities. We then again measure their apparent magnitudes - compare it with their absolute magnitu
slowest rotation
Oort cloud
Cepheid variables
Nucleus
35. A repeated - periodic push or pull capable of summing into a larger push or pull
Annular Eclipse
Bulge
Rich vs poor clusters
resonance
36. The relation that tells how light dims with distance.
cosmological red shift
Inverse Square Law
Europa (Jupiters moon)
Photon
37. When particles are compressed to an unnatural state where their pressure is not related to their temperature
greehouse effects
era of recombination
Degeneracy
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
38. After stars form they pump light energy into surrounding gas causing it to heat up and glow (H2=ionized hydrogen - H1= neutral hydrogen in molcular couds)
Synchrotron Rotation
Electromagnetic Radiation: Visible Light
H2 Regions
In an expanding universe all galaxies see all other galaxies that are not gravitationally bound to them receding away. This is what we see in the Hubble Law. We infer that the Hubble law also holds true for all other galaxies.
39. The lowest energy of an atom.
Light Curve
H-are Diagram
Colestial Pole
Ground State
40. The rotation period of the Earth measured relative to the Sun.
Gravity only pulls matter back together. Therefore - if gravity is the only force that operates on cosmic scales then the expansion of the universe should decrease with time. The critical density is the value of matter density sufficient to halt the
Synodic Day
Extrasolar Planet
anorthosite
41. A continuous spectrum of light missing energy at a few wave lengths.
Coldest surface
MOONS: larger than mercury
radio galaxy
Absorption Spectrum
42. When the Moon entirely blocks the Sun.
Parsec
Total Eclipse
Milky way Galaxy
Dark matter is located at center of clusters - pulling the cluster members into faster orbits--dark matter gravity keeps objects in galxies bound.
43. The high- temperatature outer layer of the sun
Corona
protostar
radiation pressure
Kirchhoff's Law
44. The science of measuring the apparent magnitudes of stars by imaging them through different filters.
Seeing
Photometry
Chandrasekhar Limit
cosmic fireball
45. Galaxies whose nuclei emit jets of materil at high speeds. material comes from supermassive black holes
Kirchhoff's Law
Titus-Bode Law
MOONS: largest size
radio galaxy
46. The surface of the sun
Photosphere
Europa (Jupiters moon)
Molecular Clouds
Make up of the jovian planets
47. The crust of a meteorite caused by its entry into Earth's atmosphere
Chandrasekhar Limit
fusion crust
Bok Globule
anorthosite
48. Flattened spherical distribution of old stars with some young stars too. 'hub' of Milky way - stars orbit with solid body speeds. Elongated into bar shape
bulge
AGN
differential rotation
gravity
49. The process that powers the sun and hydrogen bombs
Thermonuclear Fusion
Total Eclipse
Planetary Nebula
Emission Spectrum
50. Radiation given off by electrons accelerating in a magnetic field
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
coma
Synchrotron Rotation
2 Reasons Why there are Supermassive Black holes at the center of every Galaxy