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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The final end state of a high mass star. .An entity for which gravity has completely overwhelmed all other forces of nature.
tectonics of Earth
Electromagnetic Radiation
Trojan asteroids
Black Hole
2. What Ole Roemer used to measure the speed of light in a vacuum
Open - flat - and closed.
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
Drake equation
Continuous Spectrum
3. A particle of light
Poor Cluster
Interstellar Extinction
Photon
Red Giant Branch Star
4. Any change in the speed or direction of an object's motion
density
acceleration
Focal Length
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
5. The part of the Milky way that has on-going star formation
reflection star clusters
Gamma ray bursts
Disk
The Local Group
6. Flat disk with gas - dust - H2 regions - molecular clouds - dust young stars and remnants of old planetary nebula and supernova remnants. stars spin together with similar velocities called differential rotation
Magnification
disk
Geocentric
It does not have to expand into anything. It might just be that the 3 dimensions of space are getting bigger. It may also be that our 3 spatial dimensions are expanding into higher dimensions if such things exist.
7. Old - pock marked - icy surface - interior is not differentiated - geologically dead - NOT ACTIVE SURFACE
Sc spiral galaxy
Callisto (Jupiter)
deferent
comet
8. Dying small mass stars lose their outer layers in a relatively gentle way - creating a round or bipolar nebula about the star (round like planets)
Oort Cloud
least dense
Light Pollution
planetary nebula
9. Radiation (possibly left over from the big bang) that fills the universe. Perfect black body spectrum and tells us a bit aout how galaxies are formed.
300000 KM/sec
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
Terrestrial Planets
Color Index
10. Any class of objects with a uniform luminosity used to determine distance.
standard candle
Cassini division
Prominence
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
11. A push or a pull
density parameter
jovian
Blackbody Curve
force
12. Dying large-mass stars lose their outer layers in a violent explosion creating large - chaotic remnants. these brighten like nova but are so much brighter and only occur ONCE PER STAR
Most dense
supernova
shape and color of SPIRAL galaxies
Kuiper belt
13. Extends to a distance of 50000AU. Same objects as in the Kuiper belt-when they fall in toward the sun they become comets. Debris from comets hitting the Earths atmosphere cause meteor showers.
disk
Gamma-ray Burst
most moons
Oort Cloud
14. Light scattered through the atmosphere that degrades astronomical images
Light Pollution
Flat - Flat
Electromagnetic Radiation: Microwave
radio galaxy
15. A measure of how an object resists accelerating when acted upon by a force. It is proportional the amount of matter in an object
Trojan asteroids
Inverse Square Law
mass
Radiative Diffusion
16. Galaxies whose nuclei emit jets of materil at high speeds. material comes from supermassive black holes
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
A family of radiant energy- includes light
radio galaxy
evidence of water on mars
17. A point in the sky where meteors appear to come from during a shower
asteroid
radiant
Coldest surface
The Local Group
18. A bright area of higher temperature that often proceeds the formation of sunspots.
Open - flat - and closed.
Plague
Spectral Lines
Bok Globule
19. Distance from sun to nucleus- 8 kiloparsecs (26000 LY) - diameter of Milky way- 150000 LY - length for sun to orbit once around milky way- 250 million years
opposition
Milky way Galaxy
meteorite
Nowhere visible to us. If there are higher dimension then the center would be visible to someone who lives in one. If there are no higher dimensions then the center does not exist.
20. Ganymede
Convection
Ionization
Parsec
MOONS: largest size
21. A method of finding a star's distance from its absolute magnitude and spectral type or color.
Spectroscopic Parallax
Parsec
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
Triple Alpha rocess
22. The study of the universe as a whole.
How is winding dilemma solved?
Galilean satellite
cosmology
disk
23. A prominence seen against the disk of the sun
A family of radiant energy- includes light
Filament
AGN
Autumnal Equinox
24. Thick rigid crust - no longer has plate tectonics but still has convective hot spots that create earth-like volcanoes except that last for billions of years because of lack of tectonics.
Rich Cluster
tectonics of Mars
general star population
Gravity only pulls matter back together. Therefore - if gravity is the only force that operates on cosmic scales then the expansion of the universe should decrease with time. The critical density is the value of matter density sufficient to halt the
25. Originially thought to be stars emitting radio radiation but are now concluded to be nuclei of distant galaxies (same as radio galaxies aka emit streams of material)
quasar
Turn off Point
Electron
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
26. Where is the center of the expansion
Black Hole
Nowhere visible to us. If there are higher dimension then the center would be visible to someone who lives in one. If there are no higher dimensions then the center does not exist.
Perihelion
isotropic
27. The gap inthe outer portion of Saturn's A ring
supermassive black hole
Spectroscopic parallax
mare basalt
Enke gap
28. A cloud of ionized hydrogen. Formed when young stars heat the surrounding gas
Europa (Jupiters moon)
Metals
HII Region
Open - flat - and closed.
29. Poitns of gravitational stability in the orbit of a planet
Lagrangian Razor
SETI
Hubble law
Light: travels like a wave - detected like a particle
30. The slow wobble of the Earth on its rotation axis.
Neutron Star
Steady State Theory (Leads to Olber's Paradox)
Precession
Thermonuclear Fusion
31. Light-colored high-pressure bands in Jupiter's atmosphere
protostar
zone
Color Index
nucleus
32. A rock or iron specimen that has fallen from space
Doppler Shift
Yes - frozen at the poles- remains protected from the suns rays
Precession
meteorite
33. A two-filter measure of the color - and hence temperature - of a star.
Milky way Galaxy
MOONS: most geologically active
Color Index
Extrasolar Planet
34. The location of a supermassive black hole
Heliocentric
Flat - Flat
Nucleus
mass
35. Disk dust grains are made of all the elements that are not in gaseous form in space which blocks starlight and causes interstellar extinction
greatest elongation
Sunspots
interstellar dust
Zenith
36. The material from which the solar system formed
Active Optics
meteor shower
solar nebula
Grand design spirals
37. Neptune or uranus
Brown dwarf
inferior planets
Heliocentric
Coldest surface
38. Mercury
The Local Group
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
thinnest atmosphere
Extrasolar Planet
39. The gap inthe outer portion of Saturn's A ring
Apollo asteroids
Enke gap
Zenith
The Local Group
40. Ganymede and Titan
Zenith
molecular clouds
MOONS: larger than mercury
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
41. The high- temperatature outer layer of the sun
Make up of the terrestrial planets
synchrotron radiation
Corona
conjunction
42. Earth
quasar
Most dense
Lagrangian Razor
Dark Nebula
43. The process that powers the sun and hydrogen bombs
matter dominated universe
The Local Group
Thermonuclear Fusion
partile horizon
44. The number of protons in an atom.
Atomic Number
Inverse Square Law
great dark spots
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
45. A word meaning 'the same everywhere throughout.'
weight
homogeneous
cosmological principle
era of recombination
46. A change in the wavelength of light caused by a motion between the observer and light (or wave) source (blue shift if getting closer - red shift if moving away)
Metals
Doppler Shift
Vernal Equinox
Colestial Pole
47. The nuclei of very distant galaxies. Likely a manifestation of supermassive black holes
Flat - Flat
Titus-Bode Law
differential rotation
Quasar
48. The oldest grouping of stars - found in the galaxy halo
Spectroscopy
solar nebula
Globular Cluster
greatest elongation
49. Ganymede and Titan
MOONS: larger than mercury
mare basalt
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
Light Curve
50. When a planet lines up with the sun inthe sky
Rich Cluster
meteor
conjunction
Magnification