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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Dying small mass stars lose their outer layers in a relatively gentle way - creating a round or bipolar nebula about the star (round like planets)
planetary nebula
regolith
Metals
Gamma ray bursts
2. Extends to a distance of 50000AU. Same objects as in the Kuiper belt-when they fall in toward the sun they become comets. Debris from comets hitting the Earths atmosphere cause meteor showers.
general star population
Particle Horizon
Sunspots
Oort Cloud
3. Dark - reddish - low-pressure bands in Jupiter's atmosphere
The Big Bang Theory resolves Olber's Paradox
E=mc2
belt
radiation dominated universe
4. Medium bulge - moderately would arms - arms have H2 regions in them and look sort of lumpy
terrestrial planet
Sb spiral galaxy
Planck time
Gravity only pulls matter back together. Therefore - if gravity is the only force that operates on cosmic scales then the expansion of the universe should decrease with time. The critical density is the value of matter density sufficient to halt the
5. 30AU to 50Au from sun - consists of ancietn premordial objects made of frozen ice and dust-35000 objects or more that are larger than 100 km in diameter and many more smaller than this
greehouse effects
300000 KM/sec
Kuiper belt
Summer Solstice
6. Venus
Roundest orbit
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
Coldest surface
accretion disk
7. A very low mass particle formed in solar fusion reactions that reacts only weakly with matter
Gravitational Lens
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
neutrino
chondrite
8. Mercury
Cosmological Principle
highlands
most eccentric orbit
Summer Solstice
9. The powdered stone fragments that make up the lunar 'soil'
Ground State
regolith
H-are Diagram
hottest surface
10. A prominence seen against the disk of the sun
Ammonia - methane - and water
Convection
mass
Filament
11. A change in the wavelength of light caused by a motion between the observer and light (or wave) source (blue shift if getting closer - red shift if moving away)
Red Giant
weight
Supercluster
Doppler Shift
12. A word used in astronomy to describe all elements besides hydrogen and helium
radio lobe
Dark matter candidates
Metals
Pixel
13. Infinitely long -> 10 cm
Poor Cluster
terrestrial planet
Electromagnetic Radiation: Radio
Molecular Clouds
14. First accurately measured the speed of light in a vacuum
Convection
Plague
Ole Roemer
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
15. The distance light travels in one year (=9.46x10^12km).
Molecular Clouds
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
standard candle
Light-Year
16. A star that is in the process of forming. It glows from gravitational contraction
mare basalt
anorthosite
Spectroscopy
protostar
17. Extremely round - lots of liquid water - ice rafts on surface ACTIVE SURFACE
jovian
Supercluster
general star population
Europa (Jupiters moon)
18. The trapping of heat by carbon dioxide or other gases in the Earth's atmosphere.
synchronous rotation
epicycle
Flat - Flat
greehouse effects
19. A volume of space where few - if any - galaxies are located
density parameter
Void
aphelion
widmanstatten pattern
20. A streak of light in the atmosphere
scarp
meteor
Titus-Bode Law
Colestial Pole
21. The force of attraction between any two objects having mass
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
gravity
radiation dominated universe
2 Reasons Why there are Supermassive Black holes at the center of every Galaxy
22. VENUS
Maria
Largest diameter
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
chondrite
23. The material from which the solar system formed
planetary nebula
Magnification
solar nebula
Brown dwarf
24. Mercury
MOONS: largest size
thinnest atmosphere
Umbra
Hydrostatic Equilibrium
25. Very center of galaxy. suggestion of a black hole
nova
nucleus
Terrestrial Planets
plate tectonics
26. An entity that is likely in the nucleus of most - if not all - galaxies.
Main Sequence Stars
supermassive black hole
Sb spiral galaxy
Continuous Spectrum
27. The crust of a meteorite caused by its entry into Earth's atmosphere
radiant
fusion crust
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
Summer Solstice
28. A fusion process in which a carbon atom transmutes to oxygen and back - creating a helium atom in the process
Color Index
Bok Globule
CNO Cycle
density
29. A telescope that uses lenses to focus light
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
Refractor
Open - flat - and closed.
HII Region
30. Hydrogen and helium (mainly)
It does not have to expand into anything. It might just be that the 3 dimensions of space are getting bigger. It may also be that our 3 spatial dimensions are expanding into higher dimensions if such things exist.
gravity
Degeneracy
Make up of the jovian planets
31. The lowest energy of an atom.
Lagrangian Razor
Ground State
Summer Solstice
Inverse Square Law
32. A bridge of material held in position above the solar surface. They can remain for hours even days
Prominence
Penumbra
Photon
MOONS: largest size
33. A measure of the ability of a telescope to see fine detail
In an expanding universe all galaxies see all other galaxies that are not gravitationally bound to them receding away. This is what we see in the Hubble Law. We infer that the Hubble law also holds true for all other galaxies.
Atomic Number
Resolving Power
Plague
34. Places in the asteroid belt - caused by resonance with Jupiter - where there are no asteroids
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
quarks
Kirkwood gaps
solar nebula
35. What are the three possible geometries of the universe?
Open - flat - and closed.
zone
Seyfert galaxy
Io (jupiters moon)
36. The north-south line passing directly overhead through the zenith.
radio galaxy
Meridian
Main Sequence
OB Associations
37. An energetic event taking place in the early universe
rotation curve = dark matter?
Electromagnetic Radiation: X-Ray
Gamma-ray Burst
nucleus
38. The shadow behind the Earth or Moon where the Sun is partially obscured.
Radio Galaxy
molecular clouds
fastest rotation
Penumbra
39. Either Io -Europa - Ganymede - or Callisto
Astronomical Unit
terrestrial planet
Galilean satellite
Photosphere
40. A star fusing hydrogen to helium in it's core
meteorite
density waves
Main Sequence Stars
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
41. The line on an H-are diagram going from upper left to lower right where normal stars of different masses reside.
retrograde motion
Main Sequence
Ole Roemer
smallest diameter
42. 100 nm 10 nm
Pulsar
Electromagnetic Radiation: Ultraviolet Light
Seyfert galaxy
Doppler Shift
43. The dimming of starlight by intervening dust
Interstellar Extinction
Convection
Particle Horizon
Coronal Loop
44. In an OPEN UNIVERSE - the curvature of space-time is ____ - Parallel beams will converge/diverge/remain parallel (circle one). The density parameter - Ω0 - is____.
Ammonia - methane - and water
Negative - Diverge - Less than 1
Molecular Clouds
meteor
45. The sinking of denser elements to the center of a young molten planet
comet
deferent
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
chemical differentiation
46. A distance measure determined by the shifting of a star against the background sky every 6 months.
Energy Level
Parsec
planetary nebula
critical density
47. The lens in a telescope used to determine the magnification
Eyepiece Lens
Sidereal Day
Roundest orbit
aphelion
48. The rotation period of the Earth measured relative to the stars.
CNO Cycle
Sidereal Day
Shepherd satellite
Reflector
49. A bright area of higher temperature that often proceeds the formation of sunspots.
Chromosphere
least dense
Radio Galaxy
Plague
50. The point in its orbit where a planet is nearest the sun
Instability strip
Black Hole
Colestial Pole
Perihelion
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