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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An evolved star - past the helium flash that is burning helium to carbon in it's cores
Inverse Square Law
reflection star clusters
Plank's Law
Horizontal Branch Star
2. The class of all objects having high energy radiation coming from their nuclei. Active Galactic Nucleus- Blazars - Quasars - Radio and Emit synchrotron radiation
AGN
aurora
Ionization
cosmological principle
3. In an OPEN UNIVERSE - the curvature of space-time is ____ - Parallel beams will converge/diverge/remain parallel (circle one). The density parameter - Ω0 - is____.
Autumnal Equinox
Negative - Diverge - Less than 1
Apollo asteroids
Focal Length
4. The apparent backward motion of a planet against the background of stars.
retrograde motion
thinnest atmosphere
Enke gap
Spectroscopy
5. Formed from slow rotating clouds - collapsed quicker - initial star formation rate is high but died out - older - little rotation - look redder
hottest surface
shape and color of ELLIPTICAL galaxies
Sunspot cycle
Main Sequence Stars
6. Matter that reveals itself only through its gravitational attraction.
deferent
dark matter
Limb darkening
mare basalt
7. The dark - relativley smooth areas on the moon; Latin for sea
differential rotation
Synchrotron Rotation
Roundest orbit
Maria
8. Then the Sun moves from north to south across the celestial equator (about September 23)
Autumnal Equinox
Cassini division
acceleration
nova
9. The state of having a balance between inward and outard pressures in a gas--the inward force from gravity is balanced by the outward force from heat.
acceleration
nova
meteoriod
Hydrostatic Equilibrium
10. Star speed at outer edge of galaxy should begin to diminish - but they dont so we guess that this means there is increasing force (aka dark matter)
We don't know. It might be but does not have to be.
Photometry
era of recombination
rotation curve = dark matter?
11. The elementary building blocks from which protons and neutrons are formed.
Atomic Number
quarks
High Velocity Stars
Sunspots
12. A large - irregularly shaped rocky object orbiting the sun mostly between mars and jupiter. Left-over planetesimals
asteroid
most eccentric orbit
Light Curve
Electromagnetic Radiation
13. Sudden blasts of gamma radiation from a very distant galaxy caused possibly by a supernova explosion.
Parallax
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
aurora
Gamma ray bursts
14. The assumption that the universe is isotropic (same in all directions) and homogeneous (Same everywhere throughout)
Secondary Mirror
2 Reasons Why there are Supermassive Black holes at the center of every Galaxy
Celestial Equator
cosmological principle
15. What causes the zones and belts on jupiter and saturn?
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
Synodic Day
Red Giant
Primary Mirror
16. Small compact stars called white dwarfs can have material deposited on their surfaces. In time material heats up and explodes in surface nuclear reaction- star brightens - settles - repeats.
dark energy
nucleus
nova
Doppler Shift
17. The name for the only seriously considered theory of the universe.
Big Bang
Wein's Law
conjunction
differential rotation
18. 100 nm 10 nm
Dark Nebula
scarp
CCD
Electromagnetic Radiation: Ultraviolet Light
19. Places in the asteroid belt - caused by resonance with Jupiter - where there are no asteroids
Absorption Spectrum
Light-Year
Kirkwood gaps
radio lobe
20. The location in an H-are diagram of a star cluster - where stars have just left the main sequence. Used to estimate the cluster age.
Turn off Point
Pixel
evidence of water on mars
general star population
21. The movement of the Earth's crustal plates riding on top of the mantle.
Synodic Day
Primary Mirror
Prominence
plate tectonics
22. The rock that makes up the lunar maria
AGN
mare basalt
White Dwarf
most eccentric orbit
23. Centered on the Earth
Geocentric
Bulge
condensation temperature
Winter Solstice
24. A term referring to Earth-like planets
meteor shower
terrestrial planet
radio lobe
Refractor
25. Population 1- similar to the sun and 2% of elements are metal - Population 2- formed before gas was metal- only a fraction of mass is metal.
widmanstatten pattern
Population 1 vs Population 2 stars
opposition
Plague
26. The apparent path of the Sun through the stars on the celestial sphere.
Ecliptic
disk
accretion
Oort cloud
27. The displacement of spectral lines to redder colors caused by the expansion of the universe.
Emission Spectrum
cosmological red shift
Proton-proton chain
molecular clouds
28. 1-orbit aroudn the sun 2- are in hydrostatic equilibrium and 'mostly round' 3- have not cleared debris around its orbit 4- are not satellites
deferent
Heliocentric
hottest surface
Dwarf planets
29. Light-flaky crust - convective currents cause it to wrinkle and bunch (1/5 of surface). uniform cratering suggests lack of weathering and tectonics. volcanoes are flat due to atmospheric pressure.
Sa spiral galaxy
tectonics of Venus
E=mc2
Flocculent spirals
30. The area behind a lens where images are resolved
Instability strip
Focal Plane
deferent
Planetary Nebula
31. When material is heated and moves taking the heat energy with it
dark energy
Convection
roche limit
Molecular Clouds
32. A star that is in the process of forming. It glows from gravitational contraction
Rich Cluster
How is winding dilemma solved?
3 reasons we orbit satellites to observe universe
protostar
33. Relativity predicts that nothing can travel faster than the speed of light in a vacuum - How can it move slower?
Seyfert galaxy
Void
If it is in a denser medium - such as glass - it will move slower
tectonics of Venus
34. The rotation period of the Earth measured relative to the Sun.
The Big Bang Theory
Globular Cluster
anorthosite
Synodic Day
35. Mercury - Venus - Earth - Mars
Make up of the jovian planets
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
Terrestrial Planets
Negative - Diverge - Less than 1
36. The trapping of heat by carbon dioxide or other gases in the Earth's atmosphere.
greehouse effects
interstellar dust
Neutron Star
Maria
37. The slow wobble of the Earth on its rotation axis.
radio galaxy
opposition
Europa (Jupiters moon)
Precession
38. The instant of time after the Big Bang when space and time obtained their characteristics. (t=10^-43 sec when gravity freezes out-instant when gravity started existing as a separate force)
Globular Cluster
Planck time
It does not have to expand into anything. It might just be that the 3 dimensions of space are getting bigger. It may also be that our 3 spatial dimensions are expanding into higher dimensions if such things exist.
We don't know. It might be but does not have to be.
39. A telescope that uses lenses to focus light
Eyepiece Lens
Milky way Galaxy
Refractor
Quasar
40. The oldest terrain on the moon
cosmological principle
regolith
highlands
cosmological red shift
41. The lowest energy of an atom.
evidence of water on mars
blazar
Seeing
Ground State
42. A measure of the seasonal shifting of a star's position against farther stars or galaxies. The closer the star - the greater is the angular distance it shifts. We use it to find distances to stars that are up to 1000 pc away.
Ole Roemer
Drake equation
coma
Parallax
43. In Ptolemy's geocentric solar system - the small circle on which a planet moved.
great red spot
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
Olber's paradox
epicycle
44. The rotation period of the Earth measured relative to the stars.
Sidereal Day
Coronal Loop
Make up of the terrestrial planets
Perihelion
45. Radiation given off by electrons accelerating in a magnetic field
Synchrotron Rotation
Objective Lens
CNO Cycle
H-are Diagram
46. When a planet lines up with the sun inthe sky
Radiative Diffusion
Nucleus
conjunction
Terrestrial Planets
47. Poitns of gravitational stability in the orbit of a planet
Heliocentric
Make up of the jovian planets
SETI
Lagrangian Razor
48. A cool collection of gas and dust silhouetted against a brighter background of stars and/or gas
Dark Nebula
Precession
Open - flat - and closed.
Autumnal Equinox
49. VENUS
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
Active Optics
Autumnal Equinox
Sc spiral galaxy
50. Jupiter
most moons
acceleration
tectonics of Earth
quasar