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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Matter so dense that even light cannot escape its gravity
White Dwarf
AGN
Black Hole
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
2. When the Sun is farthest north of the celestial equator (about June 22)
Kuiper belt
Summer Solstice
Flare
partile horizon
3. An empirical scheme for predictin ghe orbital distances of planets
Plank's Law
disk
Titus-Bode Law
Zenith
4. The assumption that the universe is isotropic (same in all directions) and homogeneous (Same everywhere throughout)
Shepherd satellite
cosmological principle
Chandrasekhar Limit
density
5. The oldest terrain on the moon
Meridian
zone
highlands
Ground State
6. A continuous spectrum of light missing energy at a few wave lengths.
shape and color of SPIRAL galaxies
MOONS: roundest shape
Autumnal Equinox
Absorption Spectrum
7. Radiation given off by electrons accelerating in a magnetic field
radio lobe
Synchrotron Rotation
scarp
Main Sequence
8. How is the Hubble Law consistent with an expanding universe?
density parameter
In an expanding universe all galaxies see all other galaxies that are not gravitationally bound to them receding away. This is what we see in the Hubble Law. We infer that the Hubble law also holds true for all other galaxies.
Perihelion
Ecliptic
9. A plot of star absolute magnitude verses spectral type.
H-are Diagram
Radio Galaxy
Oort Cloud
Open - flat - and closed.
10. Dark areas on the sun that are cooler than the surrounding photosphere
Interstellar Extinction
Earth resurfaces itself due to erosion and plate tectonics - while the moon has neither.
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
Sunspots
11. The rotation period of the Earth measured relative to the stars.
Callisto (Jupiter)
300000 KM/sec
cosmic fireball
Sidereal Day
12. The first rock-sized bodies that formed in the solar nebula from dust grains
chondrite
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
Vernal Equinox
Coldest surface
13. The mass of an object divided by its volume
jovian
Steady State Theory (Leads to Olber's Paradox)
density
Planck time
14. The location in the Milky Way where stars orbit like a solid wheel
Corona
Vernal Equinox
Bulge
Supercluster
15. The trapping of heat by carbon dioxide or other gases in the Earth's atmosphere.
fewest moons
Nova
Grand design spirals
greehouse effects
16. A change in the appearance of the sun at the edge of the solar disk
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
Limb darkening
Sc spiral galaxy
17. The cosmological principle is the assumption that the universe is isotropic and homogeneous.The Big Bang assumes it to be a correct principle so that what we observe is exactly like What is too far away to be observed.
Cosmological Principle
density
plate tectonics
radiation pressure
18. Thick rigid crust - no longer has plate tectonics but still has convective hot spots that create earth-like volcanoes except that last for billions of years because of lack of tectonics.
Gamma-ray Burst
anorthosite
tectonics of Mars
Objective Lens
19. A term referring to Jupiter-like planets
Oort cloud
Main Sequence
jovian
CCD
20. First accurately measured the speed of light in a vacuum
tectonics of Venus
force
Bulge
Ole Roemer
21. What Ole Roemer used to measure the speed of light in a vacuum
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
Cepheid variables
quasar
Corona
22. The study of the universe as a whole.
scarp
cosmic fireball
Ammonia - methane - and water
cosmology
23. The shadow behind the Earth or Moon where the Sun is partially obscured.
Electron
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
Penumbra
accretion disk
24. Finding a star's absolute magnitude from it's placement on an HR diagram. After finding the absolute magnitude - we measure the apparent magnitude - for a distance modulus and use this to find the distance. This method is good for finding distances t
Most dense
Geocentric
fastest rotation
Spectroscopic parallax
25. Relativity predicts that nothing can travel faster than the speed of light in a vacuum - How can it move slower?
Sunspot cycle
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
If it is in a denser medium - such as glass - it will move slower
Light Curve
26. The surface of the sun
Photosphere
Energy Level
Horizontal Branch Star
How is winding dilemma solved?
27. Material that shoots rapidly out into space. Flares cause Auroras
cosmic fireball
Flare
widmanstatten pattern
Black Hole
28. We can infer the absolute magnitude of pulsating variable stars by measuring their pulsation periods. The longer the pulsations - the greater their luminosities. We then again measure their apparent magnitudes - compare it with their absolute magnitu
Spectroscopic Parallax
meteorite
MOONS: most geologically active
Cepheid variables
29. The larger bodies that formed early in teh solar nebula that were chemically differentiated
Pixel
The Big Bang Theory
planetesimal
Globular Cluster
30. The dark - relativley smooth areas on the moon; Latin for sea
Radiative Diffusion
Void
Maria
Rich vs poor clusters
31. A distance measure determined by the shifting of a star against the background sky every 6 months.
Focal Plane
Parsec
Coronal Loop
Superior planets
32. The distance light travels in one year (=9.46x10^12km).
Radiative Diffusion
Drake equation
Bok Globule
Light-Year
33. A bright area of higher temperature that often proceeds the formation of sunspots.
Planetary Nebula
Plague
Zenith
general star population
34. The nuclei of very distant galaxies. Likely a manifestation of supermassive black holes
2 Reasons Why there are Supermassive Black holes at the center of every Galaxy
Umbra
standard candle
Quasar
35. A star fusing hydrogen to helium in it's core
weight
Ionization
Main Sequence Stars
Rich Cluster
36. Distribution of dust (tells us disk is thin) - find distances to O&B stars and H2 regions (arms are sights of star formation and OB stars live and die at location of birth) -Milky way has four arms. Sun is in spur apart from arms.
Light: travels like a wave - detected like a particle
Open - flat - and closed.
mapping the structure of Milky Way disk
nova
37. The class of all objects having high energy radiation coming from their nuclei. Active Galactic Nucleus- Blazars - Quasars - Radio and Emit synchrotron radiation
AGN
Sa spiral galaxy
Big Bang
Autumnal Equinox
38. How is the Hubble Law consistent with an expanding universe?
Dark matter candidates
SETI
Dark Nebula
In an expanding universe all galaxies see all other galaxies that are not gravitationally bound to them receding away. This is what we see in the Hubble Law. We infer that the Hubble law also holds true for all other galaxies.
39. Venus
Particle Horizon
Roundest orbit
mare basalt
Globular Cluster
40. Galaxies whose nuclei emit jets of materil at high speeds. material comes from supermassive black holes
radio galaxy
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
300000 KM/sec
density parameter
41. Old - pock marked - icy surface - interior is not differentiated - geologically dead - NOT ACTIVE SURFACE
nucleus
interstellar dust
Callisto (Jupiter)
Open - flat - and closed.
42. The normal eastward movement of a planet against the background of hte distant stars.
most eccentric orbit
direct motion
disk
planetesimal
43. A fusion process in which a carbon atom transmutes to oxygen and back - creating a helium atom in the process
If it is in a denser medium - such as glass - it will move slower
CNO Cycle
Total Eclipse
Refractor
44. The location in an H-are diagram of a star cluster - where stars have just left the main sequence. Used to estimate the cluster age.
great red spot
Turn off Point
Objective Lens
Cosmological Principle
45. A quantity measuring the stability of the Earth's atmosphere
epicycle
mass
cosmological red shift
Seeing
46. The point where an inferior planet is as far away from the sun as it can be (as seen from the Earth)
Oort Cloud
greatest elongation
Rich vs poor clusters
Main Sequence Stars
47. When particles are compressed to an unnatural state where their pressure is not related to their temperature
Roundest orbit
quasar
Steady State Theory (Leads to Olber's Paradox)
Degeneracy
48. Very center of galaxy. suggestion of a black hole
nucleus
CNO Cycle
scarp
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
49. The point directly overhead.
condensation temperature
Zenith
least dense
mapping the structure of Milky Way disk
50. The apparent magnitude a star would have if it were at a distance of 10 parsecs.
great red spot
Parsec
Absolute Magnitude
radio lobe