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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Stars fromt he Halo that have drifted into the disk. as earth zooms past them in a faster orbit they appear to be going backward very fast
Astronomical Unit
High Velocity Stars
Grand design spirals
Resolving Power
2. The point where an inferior planet is as far away from the sun as it can be (as seen from the Earth)
chemical differentiation
greatest elongation
retrograde motion
Blackbody Curve
3. The high- temperatature outer layer of the sun
Plank's Law
Corona
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
4. The final end state of an intermediate to high mass star. An entity in which all the electrons have been pushed into the protons.
radio lobe
Nova
Open Cluster
Neutron Star
5. The slow wobble of the Earth on its rotation axis.
Kuiper belt
Precession
Absorption Spectrum
Umbra
6. A quantity measuring the stability of the Earth's atmosphere
most eccentric orbit
condensation temperature
Olber's paradox
Seeing
7. When massive objects bend space and time enough to create multiple images of an object located behind them
Gravitational Lens
Negative - Diverge - Less than 1
Geocentric
great red spot
8. Centered on the Earth
Apparent Magnitude
Geocentric
Light Gathering Power
Terrestrial Planets
9. Long - meandering cliff formed when a planet surface cools and shrinks
Roundest orbit
scarp
Callisto (Jupiter)
Chandrasekhar Limit
10. A telescope that uses mirrors to focus light
Reflector
Enke gap
Light Gathering Power
supernova
11. The organization of clusters of galaxies into sheets and strings
Geocentric
Big Bang
Supercluster
tectonics of Earth
12. Arcs of increased mass concentration that slow stars and gas down as they orbit through which cause the formation of stars.
High Velocity Stars
density waves
Rich vs poor clusters
anorthosite
13. The study of the universe as a whole.
Make up of the jovian planets
Red Giant Branch Star
cosmology
Oort Cloud
14. A massive variable star used to find distances to the galaxies or clusters that contain them.
Ground State
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
Cepheid Variable
Emission Spectrum
15. The apparent path of the Sun through the stars on the celestial sphere.
Oort Cloud
resonance
Total Eclipse
Ecliptic
16. Population 1- similar to the sun and 2% of elements are metal - Population 2- formed before gas was metal- only a fraction of mass is metal.
Population 1 vs Population 2 stars
interstellar dust
Nucleus
Bulge
17. First accurately measured the speed of light in a vacuum
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
Gravitational Lens
meteor shower
Ole Roemer
18. A high-pressure bulge in Neptune's southern hemisphere
Radiative Diffusion
great dark spots
Spectroscopy
Galilean satellite
19. Small bulges - loosely wound - massive arms - arms have many H2 regions and look very lumpy
Hipparchus
slowest rotation
rotation curve = dark matter?
Sc spiral galaxy
20. The elementary building blocks from which protons and neutrons are formed.
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
Pixel
Hipparchus
quarks
21. The 'edge' of the universe. Light beyond this has not reached us yet.
Rich Cluster
partile horizon
interstellar dust
meteorite
22. A phenomenon seen when the Earth passes through the orbit of a burned out comet
Trojan asteroids
AGN
meteor shower
Rich Cluster
23. A small and dim but hot star.
Vernal Equinox
synchronous rotation
White Dwarf
opposition
24. A term referring to the orbital character of stars near the Sun
Electromagnetic Radiation: X-Ray
SETI
Differential Rotation
resonance
25. A term referring to Jupiter-like planets
jovian
Vernal Equinox
Flat - Flat
OB Associations
26. Loops that trace the magnetic field as it erupts from a sunspot area and arches over to an adjacent area. They glow in the light of gas pouring out of corona and falling into photosphere.
Parsec
Coronal Loop
Big Bang
Neutron Star
27. In a CLOSED UNIVERSE - the curvature of space-time is _________. Parallel beams will converge/diverge/remain parallel (circle one). The density parameter - Ω0 - is _____.
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
Neutron Star
Seyfert galaxy
28. Stars orvits do not define the spiral patterns - instead they are density waves that move at slower speeds (arms are defined by young O and B stars and gas clouds)
How is winding dilemma solved?
Dark matter is located at center of clusters - pulling the cluster members into faster orbits--dark matter gravity keeps objects in galxies bound.
White Dwarf
MOONS: most geologically active
29. Mercury
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
thinnest atmosphere
Big Crunch
Refractor
30. A particle of light.
interstellar dust
CCD
Photon
Bulge
31. The ratio of the actual density of the universe to the critical density. (actual density divided by the critical density
Planck time
density parameter
widmanstatten pattern
Zenith
32. Small compact stars called white dwarfs can have material deposited on their surfaces. In time material heats up and explodes in surface nuclear reaction- star brightens - settles - repeats.
Gravity only pulls matter back together. Therefore - if gravity is the only force that operates on cosmic scales then the expansion of the universe should decrease with time. The critical density is the value of matter density sufficient to halt the
Flare
nova
Drake equation
33. The entity responsible for spiral arms in grand-design spiral galaxies
Density Wave
E=mc2
Nova
isotropic
34. A representation of the changes in color and brightness of an evolving protostar.
Hyashi track
belt
isotropic
Vernal Equinox
35. Dying large-mass stars lose their outer layers in a violent explosion creating large - chaotic remnants. these brighten like nova but are so much brighter and only occur ONCE PER STAR
supernova
gravity
Electromagnetic Radiation: Infrared
direct motion
36. When the Sun is farthest south of the celestial equator (About December 22)
Globular Cluster
self-propagating star formation
E=mc2
Winter Solstice
37. The gap inthe outer portion of Saturn's A ring
inferior planets
Blackbody Curve
Enke gap
Extrasolar Planet
38. The law that describes the blackbody curve - and let to quantum mechanics.
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39. The law that predicts the possible types of spectra.
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40. Any change in the speed or direction of an object's motion
acceleration
Parallax
Gravity only pulls matter back together. Therefore - if gravity is the only force that operates on cosmic scales then the expansion of the universe should decrease with time. The critical density is the value of matter density sufficient to halt the
cosmological principle
41. The rate of expansion of the universe.
Hubble constant
Most dense
Convection
Brown dwarf
42. Mercury
smallest diameter
greehouse effects
Big Crunch
bulge
43. We can infer the absolute magnitude of pulsating variable stars by measuring their pulsation periods. The longer the pulsations - the greater their luminosities. We then again measure their apparent magnitudes - compare it with their absolute magnitu
Cepheid variables
Summer Solstice
Galilean satellite
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
44. The trapping of heat by carbon dioxide or other gases in the Earth's atmosphere.
Europa (Jupiters moon)
MOONS: larger than mercury
greehouse effects
gravity
45. Young clusters in disk are irregularly shaped since they have no time to relax into the rounder relaxed shape of globular clusters-will constantly be torn apart and assimilated.
Light Pollution
Coronal Loop
open star clusters
Europa (Jupiters moon)
46. A force exerted by reflecting sunlight
radiation pressure
meteoriod
tectonics of Earth
Color Index
47. 1-orbit aroudn the sun 2- are in hydrostatic equilibrium and 'mostly round' 3- have not cleared debris around its orbit 4- are not satellites
Electromagnetic Radiation: X-Ray
coma
Dwarf planets
Olber's paradox
48. A word used in astronomy to describe all elements besides hydrogen and helium
rotation curve = dark matter?
Metals
radiation pressure
Grand design spirals
49. Light-flaky crust - convective currents cause it to wrinkle and bunch (1/5 of surface). uniform cratering suggests lack of weathering and tectonics. volcanoes are flat due to atmospheric pressure.
tectonics of Venus
HII Region
Electromagnetic Radiation
Cepheid Variable
50. Moon in less than the angular diameter of the Sun.
Continuous Spectrum
Granules
Annular Eclipse
Big Bang