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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. In a CLOSED UNIVERSE - the curvature of space-time is _________. Parallel beams will converge/diverge/remain parallel (circle one). The density parameter - Ω0 - is _____.
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
nucleus
asteroid
2. A measure of the ability of a telescope to see fine detail
In an expanding universe all galaxies see all other galaxies that are not gravitationally bound to them receding away. This is what we see in the Hubble Law. We infer that the Hubble law also holds true for all other galaxies.
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
homogeneous
Resolving Power
3. The linear correlation between the rate of the expansion of the universe and distance. Says that as galaxies get farther away in space - the speed with which they recede from us increases. So we can measure the amount of recessional velocity and use
Disk
acceleration
Hubble law
regolith
4. In what chemical form are jupiters nitrogen - carbon and oxygen?
Continuous Spectrum
meteorite
Roundest orbit
Ammonia - methane - and water
5. Flat disk with gas - dust - H2 regions - molecular clouds - dust young stars and remnants of old planetary nebula and supernova remnants. stars spin together with similar velocities called differential rotation
Nova
Roundest orbit
semimajor axis
disk
6. A star without enough mass to begin hydrogen fusion
Brown dwarf
Autumnal Equinox
radio lobe
Parallax
7. Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune
meteor shower
Electromagnetic Radiation: Microwave
molecular clouds
Jovian Planets
8. Is there water on the moon?
cosmic fireball
Yes - frozen at the poles- remains protected from the suns rays
Pulsar
roche limit
9. A subatomic particle with a negative charge. It creates light.
radio lobe
Electron
Turn off Point
Autumnal Equinox
10. Saturn
Largest diameter
least dense
Cepheid Variable
Ole Roemer
11. A spectrum of light with energy at only a few wavelengths.
Hipparchus
Emission Spectrum
aurora
Poor Cluster
12. In Ptolemy's geocentric solar system - the large circle on which a planet's epicycle moved around the Earth.
Annular Eclipse
scarp
deferent
meteor shower
13. Mercury - Venus - Earth - Mars
bulge
chondrite
Terrestrial Planets
Earth resurfaces itself due to erosion and plate tectonics - while the moon has neither.
14. When massive objects bend space and time enough to create multiple images of an object located behind them
Cassegrain Focus
Cosmological Principle
Photon
Gravitational Lens
15. The amount an image is enlarged by a telescope
Magnification
Black Hole
Dark matter is located at center of clusters - pulling the cluster members into faster orbits--dark matter gravity keeps objects in galxies bound.
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
16. A fusion process in which protons build together to form helium
Sb spiral galaxy
Proton-proton chain
Flat - Flat
Vernal Equinox
17. A star that is burning hydrogen to helium in a shell surrounding it's core
MOONS: roundest shape
Red Giant Branch Star
Reflector
Black Hole
18. Matter that reveals itself only through its gravitational attraction.
cosmological principle
dark matter
semimajor axis
Ganymede (Jupiter)
19. Flattened spherical distribution of old stars with some young stars too. 'hub' of Milky way - stars orbit with solid body speeds. Elongated into bar shape
300000 KM/sec
Gamma-ray Burst
bulge
scarp
20. Places in the asteroid belt - caused by resonance with Jupiter - where there are no asteroids
condensation temperature
Thermonuclear Fusion
Atomic Number
Kirkwood gaps
21. The location in an H-are diagram of a star cluster - where stars have just left the main sequence. Used to estimate the cluster age.
Turn off Point
roche limit
Wein's Law
Negative - Diverge - Less than 1
22. A small spherical dark nebula
Absorption Spectrum
Quasar
Color Index
Bok Globule
23. Radiation emitted when charged particles spiral rapidly in a magnetic field. come off of jets from black holes.
CMB
Disk
synchrotron radiation
Penumbra
24. The number of protons in an atom.
Atomic Number
OB Associations
Electromagnetic Radiation: Microwave
great dark spots
25. The cosmological principle is the assumption that the universe is isotropic and homogeneous.The Big Bang assumes it to be a correct principle so that what we observe is exactly like What is too far away to be observed.
Open Cluster
Sunspots
Cosmological Principle
aphelion
26. The linear correlation between the rate of the expansion of the universe and distance. Says that as galaxies get farther away in space - the speed with which they recede from us increases. So we can measure the amount of recessional velocity and use
reflection star clusters
nova
Light Pollution
Hubble law
27. The rotation of a star or planet at different speeds at its equator and poles
differential rotation
radio galaxy
3 reasons we orbit satellites to observe universe
MOONS: roundest shape
28. A small spherical dark nebula
Hyashi track
Ganymede (Jupiter)
scarp
Bok Globule
29. The projection of the Earth's equator onto the celestial sphere.
meteor shower
open star clusters
Absorption Spectrum
Celestial Equator
30. Population 1 with higher metals and contain many young stars in star clusters. Distribution of stars is everywhere in disk (arms only have 5% more stars)
Olber's paradox
general star population
semimajor axis
Penumbra
31. An evolved star - past the helium flash that is burning helium to carbon in it's cores
synchronous rotation
synchrotron radiation
Horizontal Branch Star
Bok Globule
32. All possible types of energy that can be emitted and absorbed by atoms.
force
Colestial Pole
2 Reasons Why there are Supermassive Black holes at the center of every Galaxy
Electromagnetic Radiation
33. The point in its orbit where a planet is farthest from the sun
If it is in a denser medium - such as glass - it will move slower
Io (jupiters moon)
aphelion
Zenith
34. The dimming of starlight by intervening dust
Interstellar Extinction
Rich Cluster
neutrino
Seyfert galaxy
35. Galaxies whose nuclei emit jets of materil at high speeds. material comes from supermassive black holes
radio galaxy
Kirkwood gaps
H2 Regions
CMB
36. The lowest energy of an atom.
Parsec
Ground State
bulge
Winter Solstice
37. Infinitely long -> 10 cm
Electromagnetic Radiation: Radio
Inverse Square Law
interstellar dust
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
38. 30AU to 50Au from sun - consists of ancietn premordial objects made of frozen ice and dust-35000 objects or more that are larger than 100 km in diameter and many more smaller than this
Kuiper belt
accretion
Oort cloud
Flocculent spirals
39. The oldest part of the Milky Way
Refractor
self-propagating star formation
Red Giant Branch Star
Halo
40. The universe is isotropic - homogeneous - and without beginning or end in time and space. If the universe is truly homogeneous then every line of sight will eventually end on a galaxy. If it has existed forever then there has been enough time for lig
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41. As open clusters age - they push gas away but dust remains this can reflect light giving the cluster a blue-ish color. also called reflection nebula
bulge
reflection star clusters
Photon
Blackbody
42. In a CLOSED UNIVERSE - the curvature of space-time is _________. Parallel beams will converge/diverge/remain parallel (circle one). The density parameter - Ω0 - is _____.
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
Penumbra
semimajor axis
CCD
43. Relativity predicts that nothing can travel faster than the speed of light in a vacuum - How can it move slower?
Prominence
Energy Level
Thermonuclear Fusion
If it is in a denser medium - such as glass - it will move slower
44. The ratio of the actual density of the universe to the critical density. (actual density divided by the critical density
density parameter
Occam's razor
Seyfert galaxy
White Dwarf
45. Light-flaky crust - convective currents cause it to wrinkle and bunch (1/5 of surface). uniform cratering suggests lack of weathering and tectonics. volcanoes are flat due to atmospheric pressure.
Ammonia - methane - and water
Disk
Population 1 vs Population 2 stars
tectonics of Venus
46. A measure of the ability of a telescope to see fine detail
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
Resolving Power
Sidereal Day
evidence of water on mars
47. 1-orbit aroudn the sun 2- are in hydrostatic equilibrium and 'mostly round' 3- have not cleared debris around its orbit 4- are not satellites
Dwarf planets
fusion crust
Parallax
supernova
48. The force of attraction between any two objects having mass
least dense
Brown dwarf
300000 KM/sec
gravity
49. Comglomerates of ice and rock that orbit the sun in highly elliptical paths
density parameter
comet
asteroid
meteor shower
50. What causes the zones and belts on jupiter and saturn?
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
Asymptotic giant Branch Star
Kuiper belt
aphelion