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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The fusion process that turns three helium nuclei into a carbon nucleus
Triple Alpha rocess
epicycle
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
thinnest atmosphere
2. A term referring to Earth-like planets
terrestrial planet
Make up of the jovian planets
Parallax
Annular Eclipse
3. The elementary building blocks from which protons and neutrons are formed.
Autumnal Equinox
quarks
Color Index
In an expanding universe all galaxies see all other galaxies that are not gravitationally bound to them receding away. This is what we see in the Hubble Law. We infer that the Hubble law also holds true for all other galaxies.
4. Hurricane-like vortex in southern-hemisphere winds to north and south blow in opposite directions which keep it spinning and with no subsurface features like mountians it persists.
Jupiters red spot
Chromosphere
Geocentric
Emission Spectrum
5. A subatomic particle with a negative charge. It creates light.
Electron
Kuiper belt
Sidereal Day
Cepheid variables
6. A massive variable star used to find distances to the galaxies or clusters that contain them.
aphelion
Cepheid Variable
bulge
Plank's Law
7. The lens that gathers the light in a refractor
3 reasons we orbit satellites to observe universe
Objective Lens
Electromagnetic Radiation: Radio
Spectroscopy
8. Population 1- similar to the sun and 2% of elements are metal - Population 2- formed before gas was metal- only a fraction of mass is metal.
Prominence
differential rotation
Population 1 vs Population 2 stars
chemical differentiation
9. The time when the universe cooled sufficiently for atoms to exist. radiation dominated= first 300000 years - THEN era of recombination turns into matter dominated for next.
era of recombination
2 Reasons Why there are Supermassive Black holes at the center of every Galaxy
neutrino
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
10. The entity responsible for spiral arms in grand-design spiral galaxies
Density Wave
Granules
Reflector
Quasar
11. In an OPEN UNIVERSE - the curvature of space-time is ____ - Parallel beams will converge/diverge/remain parallel (circle one). The density parameter - Ω0 - is____.
Negative - Diverge - Less than 1
deferent
inferior planets
Apollo asteroids
12. Heavier elements such as iron - silicon - magnesium - sulfer - nickel
Electromagnetic Radiation: X-Ray
Make up of the terrestrial planets
Light-Year
greehouse effects
13. A small chunk of rock in space
meteoriod
Neutron Star
Sa spiral galaxy
Differential Rotation
14. Finding a star's absolute magnitude from it's placement on an HR diagram. After finding the absolute magnitude - we measure the apparent magnitude - for a distance modulus and use this to find the distance. This method is good for finding distances t
blazar
Spectroscopic parallax
Cassegrain Focus
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
15. The process responsible for creating the arms of flocculent spiral galaxies
gravity
critical density
Self-Propogating Star Formation
Blackbody
16. Light-colored high-pressure bands in Jupiter's atmosphere
zone
standard candle
molecular clouds
Sb spiral galaxy
17. Venus
We don't know. It might be but does not have to be.
radio galaxy
Thickest atmosphere
2 Reasons Why there are Supermassive Black holes at the center of every Galaxy
18. Finding a star's absolute magnitude from it's placement on an HR diagram. After finding the absolute magnitude - we measure the apparent magnitude - for a distance modulus and use this to find the distance. This method is good for finding distances t
Electron
gravity
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
Spectroscopic parallax
19. Formed rapidly - collapsed slower into disk shape - star birth rate is low but lasts longer and ongoing - contain higher mass blue stars.
Pulsar
shape and color of SPIRAL galaxies
Big Bang
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
20. The oldest terrain on the moon
Particle Horizon
Brown dwarf
Europa (Jupiters moon)
highlands
21. The oldest part of the Milky Way
Stephen-Boltzman Law
neutrino
supernova
Halo
22. An evolved star - past the helium flash that is burning helium to carbon in it's cores
Seyfert galaxy
Horizontal Branch Star
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
Enke gap
23. Poitns of gravitational stability in the orbit of a planet
Lagrangian Razor
Terrestrial Planets
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
meteorite
24. A measure of how an object resists accelerating when acted upon by a force. It is proportional the amount of matter in an object
Photon
dark matter
Synchrotron Rotation
mass
25. A measure of the ability of a telescope to see fine detail
Spectroscopic parallax
retrograde motion
Resolving Power
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
26. The particle horizon is the farthest we can see. It exists because the universe had a beginning and thus a definite age. Light from distances farther away from the particle horizon have not had time to reach us yet.
Sc spiral galaxy
Particle Horizon
mass
Spectroscopic parallax
27. The material from which the solar system formed
coma
Primary Mirror
solar nebula
Coronal Loop
28. The fusion process that turns three helium nuclei into a carbon nucleus
Nova
Electromagnetic Radiation: X-Ray
radiation pressure
Triple Alpha rocess
29. Ganymede and Titan
Negative - Diverge - Less than 1
Interstellar Extinction
interstellar dust
MOONS: larger than mercury
30. Elliptical orbits that come inside orbit of the Earth.
Photon
Apollo asteroids
Filament
SETI
31. Relativity predicts that nothing can travel faster than the speed of light in a vacuum - How can it move slower?
If it is in a denser medium - such as glass - it will move slower
Cosmic Microwave Background
protostar
Hubble constant
32. A galaxy emitting large amounts of energy at long wavelengths.
greehouse effects
Rich vs poor clusters
radio galaxy
Energy Level
33. A measure of how an object resists accelerating when acted upon by a force. It is proportional the amount of matter in an object
Dark matter is located at center of clusters - pulling the cluster members into faster orbits--dark matter gravity keeps objects in galxies bound.
mass
Winter Solstice
Ecliptic
34. The point in its orbit where a planet is farthest from the sun
aphelion
Apparent Magnitude
White Dwarf
Geocentric
35. When particles are compressed to an unnatural state where their pressure is not related to their temperature
Ground State
accretion
tectonics of Earth
Degeneracy
36. Stars orvits do not define the spiral patterns - instead they are density waves that move at slower speeds (arms are defined by young O and B stars and gas clouds)
Grand design spirals
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
How is winding dilemma solved?
cosmic singularity
37. Atmosphere blocks high energy wavelengths - atmosphere blurs optical radiation - atmosphere absorbs some radiation at all wavelengths even when it gets through.
MOONS: roundest shape
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
Black Hole
3 reasons we orbit satellites to observe universe
38. A younger cluster of stars - found in the galaxy disk
Open Cluster
Superior planets
era of recombination
CCD
39. A star that blows itself apart
Supernova (You can be my supernova girl)
fusion crust
Drake equation
Electron
40. The measure of a variable star's apparent magnitude as it brightens and dims with time
Magnification
Dark Matter
Light Curve
Hipparchus
41. Dying large-mass stars lose their outer layers in a violent explosion creating large - chaotic remnants. these brighten like nova but are so much brighter and only occur ONCE PER STAR
isotropic
Emission Spectrum
synchrotron radiation
supernova
42. A spectrum of light with energy at only a few wavelengths.
Emission Spectrum
greatest elongation
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
great red spot
43. Elliptical orbits that come inside orbit of the Earth.
Apollo asteroids
radiation dominated universe
Apparent Magnitude
chemical differentiation
44. A word meaning 'the same in all directions.'
CCD
Gamma ray bursts
isotropic
Jupiters red spot
45. Stars orvits do not define the spiral patterns - instead they are density waves that move at slower speeds (arms are defined by young O and B stars and gas clouds)
How is winding dilemma solved?
Triple Alpha rocess
mass
Gamma-ray Burst
46. The imaginary sphere centered on the Earth that hols the stars.
opposition
Electromagnetic Radiation: Microwave
Celestial Sphere
Seeing
47. The final end state of a high mass star. .An entity for which gravity has completely overwhelmed all other forces of nature.
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
Black Hole
Main Sequence
asteroid
48. The shadow area behind the Earth or Moon where the Sun is completely obscured.
Cepheid variables
Astronomical Unit
Umbra
tectonics of Venus
49. The rock that makes up the lunar highlands
Instability strip
anorthosite
chemical differentiation
Flare
50. A prominence seen against the disk of the sun
Quasar
Rich vs poor clusters
Filament
epicycle