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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The movement of the Earth's crustal plates riding on top of the mantle.
Spectroscopic parallax
nova
Thermonuclear Fusion
plate tectonics
2. A change in the wavelength of light caused by a motion between the observer and light (or wave) source (blue shift if getting closer - red shift if moving away)
Doppler Shift
CCD
MOONS: roundest shape
Autumnal Equinox
3. Comglomerates of ice and rock that orbit the sun in highly elliptical paths
Enke gap
Radio Galaxy
Make up of the terrestrial planets
comet
4. The apparent magnitude a star would have if it were at a distance of 10 parsecs.
Convection
Absolute Magnitude
Cosmological Principle
Perihelion
5. The trapping of heat by carbon dioxide or other gases in the Earth's atmosphere.
retrograde motion
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
Pulsar
greehouse effects
6. Jupiter
Dark Nebula
Superior planets
Sb spiral galaxy
Largest diameter
7. In a CLOSED UNIVERSE - the curvature of space-time is _________. Parallel beams will converge/diverge/remain parallel (circle one). The density parameter - Ω0 - is _____.
Spectroscopy
Big Crunch
Flare
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
8. The process of acquiring material
Parallax
accretion
Filament
meteor
9. The lowest energy of an atom.
H-are Diagram
Ground State
Flat - Flat
Gravity only pulls matter back together. Therefore - if gravity is the only force that operates on cosmic scales then the expansion of the universe should decrease with time. The critical density is the value of matter density sufficient to halt the
10. Why does the earth have few craters while the moon has many?
Energy Level
density
comet
Earth resurfaces itself due to erosion and plate tectonics - while the moon has neither.
11. The imaginary sphere centered on the Earth that hols the stars.
force
Celestial Sphere
Cassini division
Enke gap
12. Matter that reveals itself only through its gravitational attraction.
Asymptotic giant Branch Star
dark matter
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
nucleus
13. A star without enough mass to begin hydrogen fusion
deferent
Light Gathering Power
Brown dwarf
fusion crust
14. A logarithmically scaled value for the measured brightness of a star.
homogeneous
Apparent Magnitude
open star clusters
Flocculent spirals
15. Centered on the Earth
Geocentric
Instability strip
mare basalt
meteoriod
16. Heavier elements such as iron - silicon - magnesium - sulfer - nickel
Flocculent spirals
dark energy
Make up of the terrestrial planets
neutrino
17. The apparent magnitude a star would have if it were at a distance of 10 parsecs.
High Velocity Stars
Absolute Magnitude
widmanstatten pattern
Nowhere visible to us. If there are higher dimension then the center would be visible to someone who lives in one. If there are no higher dimensions then the center does not exist.
18. A small chunk of rock in space
meteoriod
Cepheid Variable
Emission Spectrum
Light Pollution
19. The first rock-sized bodies that formed in the solar nebula from dust grains
Jupiters red spot
Absolute Magnitude
widmanstatten pattern
chondrite
20. Any class of objects with a uniform luminosity used to determine distance.
standard candle
retrograde motion
Autumnal Equinox
Jupiters red spot
21. When a planet lines up with the sun inthe sky
Flat - Flat
Shepherd satellite
conjunction
self-propagating star formation
22. Atmosphere blocks high energy wavelengths - atmosphere blurs optical radiation - atmosphere absorbs some radiation at all wavelengths even when it gets through.
Light-Year
cosmology
Drake equation
3 reasons we orbit satellites to observe universe
23. Europa
Absolute Magnitude
Superior planets
evidence of water on mars
MOONS: roundest shape
24. Light scattered through the atmosphere that degrades astronomical images
Apollo asteroids
Light Pollution
Cepheid variables
most moons
25. 1μm 100 nm
Europa (Jupiters moon)
Electromagnetic Radiation: Visible Light
Gravity only pulls matter back together. Therefore - if gravity is the only force that operates on cosmic scales then the expansion of the universe should decrease with time. The critical density is the value of matter density sufficient to halt the
Cosmic Microwave Background
26. We can infer the absolute magnitude of pulsating variable stars by measuring their pulsation periods. The longer the pulsations - the greater their luminosities. We then again measure their apparent magnitudes - compare it with their absolute magnitu
Dark Nebula
plate tectonics
Cepheid variables
Roundest orbit
27. Formed from slow rotating clouds - collapsed quicker - initial star formation rate is high but died out - older - little rotation - look redder
quarks
Total Eclipse
shape and color of ELLIPTICAL galaxies
Black Hole
28. An element of a highly efficient - two-dimensional electronic light detector
radio galaxy
Dark matter is located at center of clusters - pulling the cluster members into faster orbits--dark matter gravity keeps objects in galxies bound.
Pixel
Celestial Sphere
29. The dark - relativley smooth areas on the moon; Latin for sea
nova
smallest diameter
Rich vs poor clusters
Maria
30. When material is heated and moves taking the heat energy with it
molecular clouds
Convection
radiation dominated universe
Limb darkening
31. Distribution of dust (tells us disk is thin) - find distances to O&B stars and H2 regions (arms are sights of star formation and OB stars live and die at location of birth) -Milky way has four arms. Sun is in spur apart from arms.
coma
nucleus
mapping the structure of Milky Way disk
Largest diameter
32. A massive variable star used to find distances to the galaxies or clusters that contain them.
Vernal Equinox
Absorption Spectrum
Cepheid Variable
asteroid
33. Highlands: rocks are made of lighter anorthosite (similar to old earth rocks) Maria: rocks made of heavy mare basalt (volcanic rock) everywhere else is loose regolith created by meteoric impact.
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
Quasar
Kirkwood gaps
neutrino
34. Originially thought to be stars emitting radio radiation but are now concluded to be nuclei of distant galaxies (same as radio galaxies aka emit streams of material)
quasar
Spectral Lines
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
Coronal Loop
35. A continuous spectrum of light missing energy at a few wave lengths.
Extrasolar Planet
Yes - frozen at the poles- remains protected from the suns rays
Absorption Spectrum
Dark matter candidates
36. An empirical scheme for predictin ghe orbital distances of planets
Titus-Bode Law
Jupiters red spot
nucleus
Inverse Square Law
37. 10^2 nm 10^7 nm
Globular Cluster
synchronous rotation
thinnest atmosphere
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
38. Approximate speed of light in a vacuum
retrograde motion
differential rotation
Flocculent spirals
300000 KM/sec
39. The larger bodies that formed early in teh solar nebula that were chemically differentiated
Degeneracy
planetesimal
Jovian Planets
Nowhere visible to us. If there are higher dimension then the center would be visible to someone who lives in one. If there are no higher dimensions then the center does not exist.
40. A plot of star absolute magnitude verses spectral type.
Plague
Cosmic Microwave Background
H-are Diagram
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
41. The most mass a white dwarf can have before collapsing to a neutron star
Nova
terrestrial planet
Hyashi track
Chandrasekhar Limit
42. The material from which the solar system formed
Total Eclipse
Dark matter is located at center of clusters - pulling the cluster members into faster orbits--dark matter gravity keeps objects in galxies bound.
solar nebula
300000 KM/sec
43. Small compact stars called white dwarfs can have material deposited on their surfaces. In time material heats up and explodes in surface nuclear reaction- star brightens - settles - repeats.
Electromagnetic Radiation: Infrared
weight
tectonics of Venus
nova
44. As open clusters age - they push gas away but dust remains this can reflect light giving the cluster a blue-ish color. also called reflection nebula
reflection star clusters
slowest rotation
H-are Diagram
Differential Rotation
45. Jupiter
density
Cosmic Microwave Background
supernova
most moons
46. Radiation emitted when charged particles spiral rapidly in a magnetic field. come off of jets from black holes.
synchrotron radiation
meteorite
self-propagating star formation
fewest moons
47. Saying that the sky should not get dark at night because all lines of sight end on a star meaning that the night sky should be ablaze BUT the big bang - because the universe had a beginning - says that the sky gets dark because out in space - galaxie
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48. Form honeycomb like patterns surrounding empty or nearly empty voids.
aurora
superclusters
Apollo asteroids
molecular clouds
49. Hot cells of gas that rise and fall in the hotosphere
Granules
MOONS: largest size
Pulsar
Light Curve
50. The 11 or 22 period on the sun durin which sunspots increase - decrease - change polarity - increase and decrease again.
MOONS: most geologically active
Cepheid variables
Resolving Power
Sunspot cycle