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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The gap etween saturn's A and B rings
least dense
MOONS: larger than mercury
Cassini division
In an expanding universe all galaxies see all other galaxies that are not gravitationally bound to them receding away. This is what we see in the Hubble Law. We infer that the Hubble law also holds true for all other galaxies.
2. When massive objects bend space and time enough to create multiple images of an object located behind them
Color Index
OB Associations
Gravitational Lens
quarks
3. 1-orbit aroudn the sun 2- are in hydrostatic equilibrium and 'mostly round' 3- have not cleared debris around its orbit 4- are not satellites
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
Poor Cluster
Dwarf planets
Sidereal Day
4. The relation that tells how light dims with distance.
Inverse Square Law
chondrite
highlands
Parallax
5. Any class of objects with a uniform luminosity used to determine distance.
standard candle
Apollo asteroids
force
Red Giant Branch Star
6. Stars orvits do not define the spiral patterns - instead they are density waves that move at slower speeds (arms are defined by young O and B stars and gas clouds)
Inverse Square Law
Light-Year
fewest moons
How is winding dilemma solved?
7. Titan
planetesimal
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
retrograde motion
Pulsar
8. A phenomenon seen when the Earth passes through the orbit of a burned out comet
Parsec
meteor shower
Heliocentric
chemical differentiation
9. What are the three possible geometries of the universe?
How is winding dilemma solved?
HII Region
Drake equation
Open - flat - and closed.
10. Largest moon in solar system - two differenet types of terrain - darker terrain is older - NOT ACTIVE SURFACE
We don't know. It might be but does not have to be.
Particle Horizon
Primary Mirror
Ganymede (Jupiter)
11. A very distant - star-like object with huge - broad emission lines. Probably the nucleus of a distant active galaxy.
Neutron Star
comet
nova
quasar
12. Old - pock marked - icy surface - interior is not differentiated - geologically dead - NOT ACTIVE SURFACE
Earth resurfaces itself due to erosion and plate tectonics - while the moon has neither.
Gravitational Lens
Electromagnetic Radiation: X-Ray
Callisto (Jupiter)
13. The most mass a white dwarf can have before collapsing to a neutron star
Chandrasekhar Limit
Electromagnetic Radiation: Radio
greehouse effects
Annular Eclipse
14. Old - pock marked - icy surface - interior is not differentiated - geologically dead - NOT ACTIVE SURFACE
Nova
Callisto (Jupiter)
Black Hole
Celestial Equator
15. A cloud of ionized hydrogen. Formed when young stars heat the surrounding gas
Flat - Flat
HII Region
Resolving Power
standard candle
16. A measure of how an object resists accelerating when acted upon by a force. It is proportional the amount of matter in an object
mass
Ammonia - methane - and water
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
H2 Regions
17. The organization of clusters of galaxies into sheets and strings
CCD
widmanstatten pattern
Supercluster
Convection
18. The final end state of an intermediate to high mass star. An entity in which all the electrons have been pushed into the protons.
dark matter
Liquid metallic hydrogen
Neutron Star
Precession
19. Very center of galaxy. suggestion of a black hole
Supernova (You can be my supernova girl)
Yes - frozen at the poles- remains protected from the suns rays
nucleus
Main Sequence Stars
20. The location of a supermassive black hole
Titus-Bode Law
Nucleus
Radiative Diffusion
shape and color of ELLIPTICAL galaxies
21. Why do Galaxies move very rapidly in the interiors of the dense clusters?
Dark matter is located at center of clusters - pulling the cluster members into faster orbits--dark matter gravity keeps objects in galxies bound.
radiant
Hydrostatic Equilibrium
The Big Bang Theory
22. The sinking of denser elements to the center of a young molten planet
chemical differentiation
cosmology
Synodic Day
roche limit
23. A particle of light.
Galilean satellite
Photon
comet
critical density
24. Jupiter
planetary nebula
tectonics of Mars
Black Hole
fastest rotation
25. A streak of light in the atmosphere
slowest rotation
Sb spiral galaxy
Radiative Diffusion
meteor
26. The rock that makes up the lunar highlands
density parameter
Geocentric
Largest diameter
anorthosite
27. The seasonal shifting of a nearby star's position relative to more distant objects.
Parallax
Ground State
H-are Diagram
partile horizon
28. A massive variable star used to find distances to the galaxies or clusters that contain them.
H-are Diagram
Brown dwarf
Triple Alpha rocess
Cepheid Variable
29. The normal eastward movement of a planet against the background of hte distant stars.
Supernova (You can be my supernova girl)
MOONS: most geologically active
Metals
direct motion
30. Latin for 'cloud'. A word used to describe the collections of gas and dust in the Milky Way and other galaxies
Milky way Galaxy
Bok Globule
Instability strip
Nebula
31. The name for the only seriously considered theory of the universe.
Big Bang
Light: travels like a wave - detected like a particle
tectonics of Mars
quasar
32. The trapping of heat by carbon dioxide or other gases in the Earth's atmosphere.
Turn off Point
greehouse effects
HII Region
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
33. Distribution of dust (tells us disk is thin) - find distances to O&B stars and H2 regions (arms are sights of star formation and OB stars live and die at location of birth) -Milky way has four arms. Sun is in spur apart from arms.
mapping the structure of Milky Way disk
Rich Cluster
accretion disk
Halo
34. Stars fromt he Halo that have drifted into the disk. as earth zooms past them in a faster orbit they appear to be going backward very fast
resonance
smallest diameter
Interstellar Extinction
High Velocity Stars
35. Dying small mass stars lose their outer layers in a relatively gentle way - creating a round or bipolar nebula about the star (round like planets)
resonance
planetary nebula
condensation temperature
Galilean satellite
36. In Ptolemy's geocentric solar system - the small circle on which a planet moved.
aurora
Granules
epicycle
rotation curve=winding dilemma?
37. The seasonal shifting of a nearby star's position relative to more distant objects.
Radio Galaxy
fewest moons
Parallax
Cepheid Variable
38. The class of all objects having high energy radiation coming from their nuclei. Active Galactic Nucleus- Blazars - Quasars - Radio and Emit synchrotron radiation
AGN
Make up of the terrestrial planets
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
opposition
39. Heavier elements such as iron - silicon - magnesium - sulfer - nickel
Self-Propogating Star Formation
Make up of the terrestrial planets
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
Light Curve
40. If stars have diff orbital periods - than any arms formed by stars will wind into a tight spiral pattern (billion yrs or so)
rotation curve=winding dilemma?
jovian
radio lobe
The Big Bang Theory resolves Olber's Paradox
41. Distance from sun to nucleus- 8 kiloparsecs (26000 LY) - diameter of Milky way- 150000 LY - length for sun to orbit once around milky way- 250 million years
Reflector
Open Cluster
Perihelion
Milky way Galaxy
42. Matter so dense that even light cannot escape its gravity
Black Hole
Flare
Open Cluster
rotation curve=winding dilemma?
43. Light-colored high-pressure bands in Jupiter's atmosphere
Photometry
zone
great dark spots
quasar
44. The state of having a balance between inward and outard pressures in a gas--the inward force from gravity is balanced by the outward force from heat.
Sc spiral galaxy
Hydrostatic Equilibrium
Olber's paradox
Light Gathering Power
45. A spectrum of light with energy at only a few wavelengths.
Superior planets
Emission Spectrum
reflection star clusters
Zenith
46. Extends to a distance of 50000AU. Same objects as in the Kuiper belt-when they fall in toward the sun they become comets. Debris from comets hitting the Earths atmosphere cause meteor showers.
Particle Horizon
Oort Cloud
neutrino
H-are Diagram
47. 30AU to 50Au from sun - consists of ancietn premordial objects made of frozen ice and dust-35000 objects or more that are larger than 100 km in diameter and many more smaller than this
Kuiper belt
Radio Galaxy
Roundest orbit
Electromagnetic Radiation: Infrared
48. The oldest part of the Milky Way
Filament
Molecular Clouds
Halo
Void
49. When a planet lines up with the sun inthe sky
Differential Rotation
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
conjunction
Steady State Theory (Leads to Olber's Paradox)
50. An evolved star - past the helium flash that is burning helium to carbon in it's cores
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
Horizontal Branch Star
Electromagnetic Radiation
Milky way Galaxy