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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Material that shoots rapidly out into space. Flares cause Auroras
Flare
Electromagnetic Radiation: Ultraviolet Light
homogeneous
CNO Cycle
2. A particle of light.
Autumnal Equinox
highlands
Photon
Sa spiral galaxy
3. The Big Bang was not an explosion of matter into empty space - like the explosion of a bomb. Instead - it was an emergence of space and time filled with pure energy where before none of this was present. The point from which is emerged is called the
The Big Bang Theory
Precession
Plank's Law
planetesimal
4. A volume of space where few - if any - galaxies are located
Titus-Bode Law
Void
supernova
partile horizon
5. Mercury and venus
Blackbody
superclusters
MOONS: larger than mercury
fewest moons
6. When material is heated and moves taking the heat energy with it
It does not have to expand into anything. It might just be that the 3 dimensions of space are getting bigger. It may also be that our 3 spatial dimensions are expanding into higher dimensions if such things exist.
Convection
Photon
asteroid
7. The era when the ratio of matter to energy greatly favored matter. (verses radiation dominated universe where it was opaque. Matter is now dominated by gravity not photons)
Sunspots
Planck time
Thermal Equilibrium
matter dominated universe
8. Matter that reveals itself only through its gravitational attraction
force
protostar
Dark Matter
Flare
9. Light-flaky crust - convective currents cause it to wrinkle and bunch (1/5 of surface). uniform cratering suggests lack of weathering and tectonics. volcanoes are flat due to atmospheric pressure.
300000 KM/sec
MOONS: roundest shape
differential rotation
tectonics of Venus
10. The philosophical stand that says a simpler explanation is more likely to be correct than a complicated one.
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11. The shadow area behind the Earth or Moon where the Sun is completely obscured.
Umbra
tectonics of Venus
Limb darkening
Cassini division
12. The elementary building blocks from which protons and neutrons are formed.
quarks
Chromosphere
Grand design spirals
Resolving Power
13. Rich= dense crowded cores of galaxies - poor= few members and a looser organization of galaxies
Color Index
Planetary Nebula
Lagrangian Razor
Rich vs poor clusters
14. Mercury - Venus - Earth - Mars
Terrestrial Planets
greatest elongation
Seyfert galaxy
Negative - Diverge - Less than 1
15. A galaxy emitting large amounts of energy at long wavelengths.
radio galaxy
Molecular Clouds
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
Cosmological Principle
16. The 'edge' of the universe. Light beyond this has not reached us yet.
Neutron Star
partile horizon
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
Celestial Sphere
17. Form honeycomb like patterns surrounding empty or nearly empty voids.
Radio Galaxy
Inverse Square Law
superclusters
Yes - frozen at the poles- remains protected from the suns rays
18. A huge sphere of tenuous gas surrounding the nucleus of a comet
most eccentric orbit
coma
planetary nebula
quarks
19. Population 1- similar to the sun and 2% of elements are metal - Population 2- formed before gas was metal- only a fraction of mass is metal.
Population 1 vs Population 2 stars
Summer Solstice
deferent
Dark Matter
20. The shadow behind the Earth or Moon where the Sun is partially obscured.
Penumbra
Trojan asteroids
acceleration
Grand design spirals
21. The trapping of heat by carbon dioxide or other gases in the Earth's atmosphere.
Differential Rotation
greehouse effects
Electromagnetic Radiation
CMB
22. Matter that reveals itself only through its gravitational attraction.
Reflector
dark matter
Atomic Number
asteroid
23. What do we think the actual fate of the universe will be and why do we think this?
Plank's Law
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
Atomic Number
Photon
24. The gap inthe outer portion of Saturn's A ring
300000 KM/sec
Photon
mapping the structure of Milky Way disk
Enke gap
25. The rock that makes up the lunar maria
Hubble law
If it is in a denser medium - such as glass - it will move slower
rotation curve=winding dilemma?
mare basalt
26. A younger cluster of stars - found in the galaxy disk
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
Molecular Clouds
Photosphere
Open Cluster
27. VENUS
Light-Year
AGN
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
Red Giant Branch Star
28. In a CLOSED UNIVERSE - the curvature of space-time is _________. Parallel beams will converge/diverge/remain parallel (circle one). The density parameter - Ω0 - is _____.
Roundest orbit
Zenith
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
cosmic fireball
29. Light-flaky crust - convective currents cause it to wrinkle and bunch (1/5 of surface). uniform cratering suggests lack of weathering and tectonics. volcanoes are flat due to atmospheric pressure.
meteor
shape and color of ELLIPTICAL galaxies
widmanstatten pattern
tectonics of Venus
30. A fusion process in which protons build together to form helium
Electromagnetic Radiation
Sc spiral galaxy
Proton-proton chain
Planetary Nebula
31. A measure of the ability of a telescope to see fine detail
Turn off Point
most eccentric orbit
Resolving Power
Limb darkening
32. Star speed at outer edge of galaxy should begin to diminish - but they dont so we guess that this means there is increasing force (aka dark matter)
retrograde motion
Triple Alpha rocess
evidence of water on mars
rotation curve = dark matter?
33. A high-pressure bulge in Neptune's southern hemisphere
cosmic fireball
great dark spots
Absolute Magnitude
Spectroscopic Parallax
34. A planet that is farther from the sun than the Earth is
Granules
slowest rotation
Superior planets
Dwarf planets
35. The layer of the sun just above the photosphere
3 reasons we orbit satellites to observe universe
open star clusters
radio lobe
Chromosphere
36. The opaque universe that existed for 300000 years after the Big Bang. (photons outnumbered nuclei by 1 billion to one - so less light)
radiation dominated universe
Callisto (Jupiter)
Io (jupiters moon)
accretion
37. In a CLOSED UNIVERSE - the curvature of space-time is _________. Parallel beams will converge/diverge/remain parallel (circle one). The density parameter - Ω0 - is _____.
density waves
Ecliptic
Neutron Star
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
38. A particle of light.
Photon
Asymptotic giant Branch Star
Refractor
direct motion
39. A phenomenon seen when the Earth passes through the orbit of a burned out comet
Total Eclipse
acceleration
Seeing
meteor shower
40. The surface of the sun
Photosphere
A family of radiant energy- includes light
Resolving Power
Electromagnetic Radiation: Infrared
41. Is there water on the moon?
deferent
Color Index
Supernova (You can be my supernova girl)
Yes - frozen at the poles- remains protected from the suns rays
42. The rotation of a star or planet at different speeds at its equator and poles
self-propagating star formation
differential rotation
Nucleus
widmanstatten pattern
43. The line on an H-are diagram going from upper left to lower right where normal stars of different masses reside.
Main Sequence
Sunspot cycle
Cepheid Variable
shape and color of ELLIPTICAL galaxies
44. N=are*Fp(Ne)(Fl)(Fi)(Fc)(L) N: number of civilizations possible to communicate with are*: rate solar-like stars are created Fp: fraction of stars with planets Ne: number of planets like ours Fl: fraction of planets with life Fi: intelligent life Fc:
Self-Propogating Star Formation
Planetary Nebula
The Local Group
Drake equation
45. A rock or iron specimen that has fallen from space
jovian
supermassive black hole
MOONS: roundest shape
meteorite
46. The point where an inferior planet is as far away from the sun as it can be (as seen from the Earth)
Ammonia - methane - and water
smallest diameter
greatest elongation
Perihelion
47. In Ptolemy's geocentric solar system - the small circle on which a planet moved.
Dark Nebula
fusion crust
epicycle
Filament
48. IO
MOONS: most geologically active
Cosmological Principle
Doppler Shift
inferior planets
49. Matter that reveals itself only through its gravitational attraction.
scarp
Yes - frozen at the poles- remains protected from the suns rays
Make up of the jovian planets
dark matter
50. Atmosphere blocks high energy wavelengths - atmosphere blurs optical radiation - atmosphere absorbs some radiation at all wavelengths even when it gets through.
3 reasons we orbit satellites to observe universe
gravity
Red Giant Branch Star
Self-Propogating Star Formation