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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Electromagnetic Radiation
A family of radiant energy- includes light
Umbra
Coronal Loop
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
2. Approximate speed of light in a vacuum
Focal Length
protostar
Coldest surface
300000 KM/sec
3. When the Moon entirely blocks the Sun.
Photosphere
Total Eclipse
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
Main Sequence Stars
4. The area behind a lens where images are resolved
Penumbra
Focal Plane
Kuiper belt
Ganymede (Jupiter)
5. Small bulges - loosely wound - massive arms - arms have many H2 regions and look very lumpy
Precession
Density Wave
Sc spiral galaxy
Gravity only pulls matter back together. Therefore - if gravity is the only force that operates on cosmic scales then the expansion of the universe should decrease with time. The critical density is the value of matter density sufficient to halt the
6. A bright area of higher temperature that often proceeds the formation of sunspots.
MOONS: roundest shape
radiant
Chandrasekhar Limit
Plague
7. Venus
anorthosite
Vernal Equinox
hottest surface
Photon
8. The dimming of starlight by intervening dust
Electromagnetic Radiation
Interstellar Extinction
A family of radiant energy- includes light
Radio Galaxy
9. The fate of the universe if it is closed. The universe expanding as much as possible and then retracting
Big Crunch
Gamma ray bursts
Limb darkening
accretion
10. Finding a star's absolute magnitude from it's placement on an HR diagram. After finding the absolute magnitude - we measure the apparent magnitude - for a distance modulus and use this to find the distance. This method is good for finding distances t
Active Optics
H2 Regions
Prominence
Spectroscopic parallax
11. An energetic event taking place in the early universe
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
Stephen-Boltzman Law
Gamma-ray Burst
12. Dark - reddish - low-pressure bands in Jupiter's atmosphere
belt
Cosmic Microwave Background
differential rotation
Autumnal Equinox
13. Sudden blasts of gamma radiation from a very distant galaxy caused possibly by a supernova explosion.
fastest rotation
highlands
Gamma ray bursts
Electromagnetic Radiation: Ultraviolet Light
14. The assumption that the universe is isotropic (same in all directions) and homogeneous (Same everywhere throughout)
Emission Spectrum
molecular clouds
solar nebula
cosmological principle
15. Poitns of gravitational stability in the orbit of a planet
Halo
Lagrangian Razor
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
Chandrasekhar Limit
16. The displacement of spectral lines to redder colors caused by the expansion of the universe.
Light Gathering Power
greatest elongation
cosmological red shift
Main Sequence
17. A cool collection of gas and dust silhouetted against a brighter background of stars and/or gas
accretion disk
Dark Nebula
Electromagnetic Radiation: Visible Light
regolith
18. Sudden blasts of gamma radiation from a very distant galaxy caused possibly by a supernova explosion.
Sidereal Day
Gamma ray bursts
Absorption Spectrum
Supercluster
19. The elementary building blocks from which protons and neutrons are formed.
quarks
Thermal Equilibrium
bulge
Sa spiral galaxy
20. Sulfurous volcanoes - pools of liquid sulfur - surface resembles cheese pizza ACTIVE SURFACE
Io (jupiters moon)
hottest surface
Dark Matter
Neutron Star
21. The oldest grouping of stars - found in the galaxy halo
homogeneous
Rich vs poor clusters
Globular Cluster
Chromosphere
22. Centered on the sun.
Supernova (You can be my supernova girl)
Kuiper belt
Heliocentric
Oort cloud
23. The time when the universe cooled sufficiently for atoms to exist. radiation dominated= first 300000 years - THEN era of recombination turns into matter dominated for next.
CNO Cycle
Electromagnetic Radiation
era of recombination
great dark spots
24. Young clusters in disk are irregularly shaped since they have no time to relax into the rounder relaxed shape of globular clusters-will constantly be torn apart and assimilated.
Milky way Galaxy
Sc spiral galaxy
open star clusters
Maria
25. A two-filter measure of the color - and hence temperature - of a star.
MOONS: most geologically active
neutrino
HII Region
Color Index
26. Population 1 with higher metals and contain many young stars in star clusters. Distribution of stars is everywhere in disk (arms only have 5% more stars)
general star population
accretion
accretion
radio galaxy
27. When the Sun is farthest north of the celestial equator (about June 22)
conjunction
Cosmological Principle
Summer Solstice
Synodic Day
28. A change in the wavelength of light caused by a motion between the observer and light (or wave) source (blue shift if getting closer - red shift if moving away)
Sc spiral galaxy
Doppler Shift
Chandrasekhar Limit
Molecular Clouds
29. The era when the ratio of matter to energy greatly favored matter. (verses radiation dominated universe where it was opaque. Matter is now dominated by gravity not photons)
Wein's Law
Open Cluster
Blackbody
matter dominated universe
30. A location on an H-are Diagram where evolving stars pulsate
Instability strip
CCD
Extrasolar Planet
Hydrostatic Equilibrium
31. The family of radiant energy that includes light as a subset
Interstellar Extinction
Flare
Electromagnetic Radiation
force
32. Norhern lowlands- darker in color and have far fewer craters as if an ancient sea or ice field covered them. southern highlands- much higher in density of craters.
Filament
Active Optics
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
Galilean satellite
33. The larger bodies that formed early in teh solar nebula that were chemically differentiated
Kuiper belt
planetary nebula
Dark Nebula
planetesimal
34. A word used in astronomy to describe all elements besides hydrogen and helium
Metals
critical density
Hydrostatic Equilibrium
Main Sequence Stars
35. Formed from slow rotating clouds - collapsed quicker - initial star formation rate is high but died out - older - little rotation - look redder
era of recombination
semimajor axis
shape and color of ELLIPTICAL galaxies
Largest diameter
36. The apparent path of the Sun through the stars on the celestial sphere.
Thickest atmosphere
mass
Blackbody Curve
Ecliptic
37. The dark - relativley smooth areas on the moon; Latin for sea
Maria
Umbra
Ganymede (Jupiter)
Sa spiral galaxy
38. A collection of galaxies like the one the Milky Way belongs to
Electromagnetic Radiation
2 Reasons Why there are Supermassive Black holes at the center of every Galaxy
Refractor
Poor Cluster
39. A very dense - highly populated cluster of galaxies
weight
Rich Cluster
conjunction
Red Giant
40. Sulfurous volcanoes - pools of liquid sulfur - surface resembles cheese pizza ACTIVE SURFACE
Io (jupiters moon)
Blackbody Curve
density
comet
41. VENUS
OB Associations
AGN
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
mare basalt
42. Extremely round - lots of liquid water - ice rafts on surface ACTIVE SURFACE
Plank's Law
Photon
Europa (Jupiters moon)
Penumbra
43. The place in the sky that the Earth's axis points toward (can be either north or south)
Halo
general star population
bulge
Colestial Pole
44. A high-pressure bulge in Neptune's southern hemisphere
quasar
Red Giant Branch Star
conjunction
great dark spots
45. The Greek philosopher responsible for making the stellar magnitude scale.
Autumnal Equinox
Hipparchus
Flat - Flat
bulge
46. Clouds of low density gas often found glowing faintly on either side of an AGN.
synchronous rotation
We don't know. It might be but does not have to be.
Gravitational Lens
radio lobe
47. A small spherical dark nebula
highlands
chemical differentiation
Bok Globule
Dwarf planets
48. The mirror that determines the focus configuration of a reflector
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
Secondary Mirror
tectonics of Earth
Galilean satellite
49. 100 nm 10 nm
interstellar dust
slowest rotation
Kirkwood gaps
Electromagnetic Radiation: Ultraviolet Light
50. An evolved star - past the helium flash that is burning helium to carbon in it's cores
Hipparchus
Rich Cluster
Horizontal Branch Star
Prominence
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