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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A measure of the seasonal shifting of a star's position against farther stars or galaxies. The closer the star - the greater is the angular distance it shifts. We use it to find distances to stars that are up to 1000 pc away.
Bulge
Parallax
rotation curve=winding dilemma?
Spectral Lines
2. Galaxies whose nuclei emit jets of materil at high speeds. material comes from supermassive black holes
radio galaxy
Enke gap
Degeneracy
Electromagnetic Radiation: Visible Light
3. A star that has become a red giant for the second and final time. It is burning helium to carbon in a shell surrounding the core
Globular Cluster
differential rotation
Limb darkening
Asymptotic giant Branch Star
4. The normal eastward movement of a planet against the background of hte distant stars.
Turn off Point
smallest diameter
direct motion
AGN
5. Half of the longest diameter across an ellipse
Trojan asteroids
jovian
semimajor axis
Main Sequence
6. A very low mass particle formed in solar fusion reactions that reacts only weakly with matter
Poor Cluster
neutrino
Precession
meteor shower
7. A very low mass particle formed in solar fusion reactions that reacts only weakly with matter
Liquid metallic hydrogen
neutrino
Seyfert galaxy
Heliocentric
8. Light-colored high-pressure bands in Jupiter's atmosphere
cosmic singularity
zone
force
Jovian Planets
9. When material is heated and moves taking the heat energy with it
Interstellar Extinction
Titus-Bode Law
Convection
Ole Roemer
10. The lowest energy of an atom.
radio lobe
opposition
Light-Year
Ground State
11. A high-pressure bulge in Neptune's southern hemisphere
mass
radiant
great dark spots
Primary Mirror
12. Young clusters in disk are irregularly shaped since they have no time to relax into the rounder relaxed shape of globular clusters-will constantly be torn apart and assimilated.
Continuous Spectrum
Sb spiral galaxy
Earth resurfaces itself due to erosion and plate tectonics - while the moon has neither.
open star clusters
13. Small bulges - loosely wound - massive arms - arms have many H2 regions and look very lumpy
matter dominated universe
Callisto (Jupiter)
Sc spiral galaxy
protostar
14. A measure of the ability of a telescope to see fine detail
Resolving Power
Sidereal Day
radiation dominated universe
force
15. What causes the zones and belts on jupiter and saturn?
self-propagating star formation
CCD
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
Rich Cluster
16. The Big Bang was not an explosion of matter into empty space - like the explosion of a bomb. Instead - it was an emergence of space and time filled with pure energy where before none of this was present. The point from which is emerged is called the
The Big Bang Theory
chondrite
The Big Bang Theory resolves Olber's Paradox
Make up of the terrestrial planets
17. The projection of the Earth's equator onto the celestial sphere.
Focal Length
differential rotation
Supernova (You can be my supernova girl)
Celestial Equator
18. The apparent magnitude a star would have if it were at a distance of 10 parsecs.
Absolute Magnitude
Atomic Number
Asymptotic giant Branch Star
Reflector
19. First accurately measured the speed of light in a vacuum
Nova
Ole Roemer
accretion
greehouse effects
20. An object that may remain after a star explodes
Sa spiral galaxy
H-are Diagram
Neutron Star
Atomic Number
21. An efficient - two-dimensional electronic light detector. Common in digital cameras - they revolutionized astronomical imaging
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
CCD
opposition
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
22. A spinning neutron star
Poor Cluster
Spectroscopic parallax
planetesimal
Pulsar
23. In an OPEN UNIVERSE - the curvature of space-time is ____ - Parallel beams will converge/diverge/remain parallel (circle one). The density parameter - Ω0 - is____.
Negative - Diverge - Less than 1
Synodic Day
Globular Cluster
Proton-proton chain
24. The faint glow of light left over from the Big Bang. cosmic microwave background are the photons that remain after the big bang that have not turned into matter.
Apollo asteroids
Open - flat - and closed.
Interstellar Extinction
CMB
25. The amount of density needed to stop the universe from expanding and to begin the big crunch represented by Pc
Open Cluster
critical density
direct motion
Doppler Shift
26. Relativity predicts that nothing can travel faster than the speed of light in a vacuum - How can it move slower?
Photon
If it is in a denser medium - such as glass - it will move slower
Jupiters red spot
Jovian Planets
27. Largest moon in solar system - two differenet types of terrain - darker terrain is older - NOT ACTIVE SURFACE
Ganymede (Jupiter)
We don't know. It might be but does not have to be.
Energy Level
blazar
28. An element of a highly efficient - two-dimensional electronic light detector
Ionization
planetesimal
Lagrangian Razor
Pixel
29. A planet that is farther from the sun than the Earth is
Celestial Sphere
Asymptotic giant Branch Star
Continuous Spectrum
Superior planets
30. How is the Hubble Law consistent with an expanding universe?
In an expanding universe all galaxies see all other galaxies that are not gravitationally bound to them receding away. This is what we see in the Hubble Law. We infer that the Hubble law also holds true for all other galaxies.
A family of radiant energy- includes light
Lagrangian Razor
jovian
31. The part of the Milky way that has on-going star formation
Steady State Theory (Leads to Olber's Paradox)
The Big Bang Theory
Atomic Number
Disk
32. Hot cells of gas that rise and fall in the hotosphere
Focal Plane
Light Pollution
Granules
planetary nebula
33. Distribution of dust (tells us disk is thin) - find distances to O&B stars and H2 regions (arms are sights of star formation and OB stars live and die at location of birth) -Milky way has four arms. Sun is in spur apart from arms.
Milky way Galaxy
mapping the structure of Milky Way disk
Planck time
MOONS: roundest shape
34. The wavelengths where a specific element can absorb or emit light.
Spectral Lines
anorthosite
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
Flat - Flat
35. Ancient stream channels - flood planes - and sedimentary-type rock. Frozen water is found in the polar ice caps and in the soil.
cosmological principle
Annular Eclipse
evidence of water on mars
Ganymede (Jupiter)
36. A small round distribution of gas surrounding a dying star
Galilean satellite
Planetary Nebula
meteoriod
Emission Spectrum
37. A measure of the ability of a telescope to see fine detail
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
cosmological principle
Quasar
Resolving Power
38. The lens in a telescope used to determine the magnification
Eyepiece Lens
Steady State Theory (Leads to Olber's Paradox)
smallest diameter
Synchrotron Rotation
39. An element of a highly efficient - two-dimensional electronic light detector
Chandrasekhar Limit
Gravity only pulls matter back together. Therefore - if gravity is the only force that operates on cosmic scales then the expansion of the universe should decrease with time. The critical density is the value of matter density sufficient to halt the
Pixel
Vernal Equinox
40. An empirical scheme for predictin ghe orbital distances of planets
molecular clouds
Titus-Bode Law
Io (jupiters moon)
Colestial Pole
41. A telescope that uses mirrors to focus light
era of recombination
Emission Spectrum
Reflector
fusion crust
42. Small compact stars called white dwarfs can have material deposited on their surfaces. In time material heats up and explodes in surface nuclear reaction- star brightens - settles - repeats.
Focal Plane
Refractor
conjunction
nova
43. The law that syas light energy from a blackbody increases as (temperature^4)
terrestrial planet
Stephen-Boltzman Law
Convection
cosmology
44. The elementary building blocks from which protons and neutrons are formed.
quarks
deferent
aphelion
shape and color of SPIRAL galaxies
45. The number of protons in an atom.
Atomic Number
critical density
SETI
Main Sequence
46. The high- temperatature outer layer of the sun
Nucleus
Sa spiral galaxy
The Local Group
Corona
47. The rotation of a star or planet at different speeds at its equator and poles
Inverse Square Law
Plank's Law
Drake equation
differential rotation
48. Ganymede
tectonics of Earth
Black Hole
Umbra
MOONS: largest size
49. The larger bodies that formed early in teh solar nebula that were chemically differentiated
planetesimal
Big Bang
hottest surface
anorthosite
50. Long - meandering cliff formed when a planet surface cools and shrinks
disk
neutrino
gravity
scarp