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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The displacement of spectral lines to redder colors caused by the expansion of the universe.
Kuiper belt
cosmological red shift
shape and color of SPIRAL galaxies
Astronomical Unit
2. Hurricane-like vortex in southern-hemisphere winds to north and south blow in opposite directions which keep it spinning and with no subsurface features like mountians it persists.
disk
Jupiters red spot
Meridian
Geocentric
3. Star speed at outer edge of galaxy should begin to diminish - but they dont so we guess that this means there is increasing force (aka dark matter)
molecular clouds
H-are Diagram
rotation curve = dark matter?
bulge
4. The time when the universe cooled sufficiently for atoms to exist. radiation dominated= first 300000 years - THEN era of recombination turns into matter dominated for next.
era of recombination
matter dominated universe
cosmic singularity
molecular clouds
5. Ancient stream channels - flood planes - and sedimentary-type rock. Frozen water is found in the polar ice caps and in the soil.
evidence of water on mars
Milky way Galaxy
Oort Cloud
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
6. What is the universe expanding into?
Cassegrain Focus
It does not have to expand into anything. It might just be that the 3 dimensions of space are getting bigger. It may also be that our 3 spatial dimensions are expanding into higher dimensions if such things exist.
Cosmic Microwave Background
Bulge
7. The lens that gathers the light in a refractor
White Dwarf
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
Objective Lens
SETI
8. In Ptolemy's geocentric solar system - the small circle on which a planet moved.
Ground State
protostar
Hyashi track
epicycle
9. Population 1 with higher metals and contain many young stars in star clusters. Distribution of stars is everywhere in disk (arms only have 5% more stars)
general star population
Atomic Number
Earth resurfaces itself due to erosion and plate tectonics - while the moon has neither.
era of recombination
10. A term referring to Jupiter-like planets
tectonics of Mars
Gamma-ray Burst
Superior planets
jovian
11. Radiation (possibly left over from the big bang) that fills the universe. Perfect black body spectrum and tells us a bit aout how galaxies are formed.
MOONS: largest size
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
dark matter
plate tectonics
12. 10^2 nm 10^7 nm
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
Thermal Equilibrium
Total Eclipse
mapping the structure of Milky Way disk
13. A very distant - star-like object with huge - broad emission lines. Probably the nucleus of a distant active galaxy.
Ionization
A family of radiant energy- includes light
quasar
Precession
14. A younger cluster of stars - found in the galaxy disk
Dwarf planets
Light Gathering Power
Open Cluster
Black Hole
15. A plot of star absolute magnitude verses spectral type.
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
H-are Diagram
Degeneracy
Planck time
16. Sudden blasts of gamma radiation from a very distant galaxy caused possibly by a supernova explosion.
Photon
cosmological red shift
Nova
Gamma ray bursts
17. The number of protons in an atom.
Atomic Number
The Big Bang Theory
Kirchhoff's Law
Thermal Equilibrium
18. The point in its orbit where a planet is nearest the sun
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
radiation dominated universe
Perihelion
regolith
19. Finding a star's absolute magnitude from it's placement on an HR diagram. After finding the absolute magnitude - we measure the apparent magnitude - for a distance modulus and use this to find the distance. This method is good for finding distances t
great red spot
Trojan asteroids
superclusters
Spectroscopic parallax
20. The philosophical stand that says a simpler explanation is more likely to be correct than a complicated one.
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21. Material that shoots rapidly out into space. Flares cause Auroras
Flare
Big Crunch
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
Absolute Magnitude
22. Very center of galaxy. suggestion of a black hole
nucleus
Trojan asteroids
Galilean satellite
great dark spots
23. Mercury - Venus - Earth - Mars
CNO Cycle
superclusters
Terrestrial Planets
great red spot
24. Latin for 'cloud'. A word used to describe the collections of gas and dust in the Milky Way and other galaxies
Nebula
Electromagnetic Radiation: X-Ray
nucleus
Emission Spectrum
25. Cold aggregates of gas - large and contain a huge amount of matter - so cold that molecules stick together to form molecules.
molecular clouds
meteorite
rotation curve=winding dilemma?
Autumnal Equinox
26. The relation that tells how light dims with distance.
accretion
Kuiper belt
Void
Inverse Square Law
27. VENUS
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
Metals
Light: travels like a wave - detected like a particle
semimajor axis
28. Loops that trace the magnetic field as it erupts from a sunspot area and arches over to an adjacent area. They glow in the light of gas pouring out of corona and falling into photosphere.
Dark matter candidates
Turn off Point
Photon
Coronal Loop
29. Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune
Black Hole
Flare
Molecular Clouds
Jovian Planets
30. Then the Sun moves from north to south across the celestial equator (about September 23)
deferent
Autumnal Equinox
Active Optics
Most dense
31. The apparent magnitude a star would have if it were at a distance of 10 parsecs.
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
It does not have to expand into anything. It might just be that the 3 dimensions of space are getting bigger. It may also be that our 3 spatial dimensions are expanding into higher dimensions if such things exist.
Absolute Magnitude
Bok Globule
32. Light scattered through the atmosphere that degrades astronomical images
open star clusters
Light Pollution
Cepheid variables
Heliocentric
33. The opaque universe that existed for 300000 years after the Big Bang. (photons outnumbered nuclei by 1 billion to one - so less light)
radiation dominated universe
retrograde motion
Electromagnetic Radiation: Ultraviolet Light
Jupiters red spot
34. Hot cells of gas that rise and fall in the hotosphere
Granules
It does not have to expand into anything. It might just be that the 3 dimensions of space are getting bigger. It may also be that our 3 spatial dimensions are expanding into higher dimensions if such things exist.
Jupiters red spot
AGN
35. The mirror that gathers the light in a reflector
Primary Mirror
Radiative Diffusion
Turn off Point
differential rotation
36. The location in the Milky Way where stars orbit like a solid wheel
aurora
Bulge
weight
Inverse Square Law
37. The nuclei of very distant galaxies. Likely a manifestation of supermassive black holes
Olber's paradox
Jovian Planets
Kirkwood gaps
Quasar
38. Sulfurous volcanoes - pools of liquid sulfur - surface resembles cheese pizza ACTIVE SURFACE
Hubble law
open star clusters
Lagrangian Razor
Io (jupiters moon)
39. The layer of the sun just above the photosphere
Terrestrial Planets
roche limit
Grand design spirals
Chromosphere
40. When particles are compressed to an unnatural state where their pressure is not related to their temperature
Degeneracy
Quasar
Active Optics
Umbra
41. A distance measure determined by the shifting of a star against the background sky every 6 months.
Light Gathering Power
Radio Galaxy
Synchrotron Rotation
Parsec
42. The dimming of starlight by intervening dust
isotropic
Density Wave
Trojan asteroids
Interstellar Extinction
43. Light-colored high-pressure bands in Jupiter's atmosphere
Main Sequence
3 reasons we orbit satellites to observe universe
Cosmological Principle
zone
44. The Big Bang says that the universe has not existed forever. It had a distinct beginning about 14 billion years ago called the 'Big Bang'. Therefore light from any object more than 14 billion light years away has not had time to reach us. The other p
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45. Rich= dense crowded cores of galaxies - poor= few members and a looser organization of galaxies
Callisto (Jupiter)
Asymptotic giant Branch Star
Rich vs poor clusters
Prominence
46. In a FLAT UNIVERSE(our universe) - the curvature of space-time is ________. Parallel beams will converge/diverge/remain parallel (circle one). The density parameter - Ω0 - is _____.
Rich Cluster
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
Filament
Absorption Spectrum
47. Poitns of gravitational stability in the orbit of a planet
Lagrangian Razor
Continuous Spectrum
Continuous Spectrum
semimajor axis
48. A word used in astronomy to describe all elements besides hydrogen and helium
Occam's razor
Focal Length
Metals
Seyfert galaxy
49. Comglomerates of ice and rock that orbit the sun in highly elliptical paths
Dwarf planets
comet
semimajor axis
Coronal Loop
50. Form honeycomb like patterns surrounding empty or nearly empty voids.
density parameter
2 Reasons Why there are Supermassive Black holes at the center of every Galaxy
superclusters
quarks