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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A planet orbiting about a distant star
quarks
Extrasolar Planet
supermassive black hole
Cosmological Principle
2. The particle horizon is the farthest we can see. It exists because the universe had a beginning and thus a definite age. Light from distances farther away from the particle horizon have not had time to reach us yet.
radio lobe
meteor shower
Particle Horizon
Flocculent spirals
3. Comglomerates of ice and rock that orbit the sun in highly elliptical paths
3 reasons we orbit satellites to observe universe
isotropic
Vernal Equinox
comet
4. 10 nm 10^2 nm
Trojan asteroids
Electromagnetic Radiation: X-Ray
rotation curve = dark matter?
aphelion
5. 10 cm -> 1 mm
Flare
cosmology
Electromagnetic Radiation: Microwave
rotation curve = dark matter?
6. The average distance between the Earth and the Sun (=1.5 x10^8km)
standard candle
Open Cluster
Astronomical Unit
Photometry
7. Material that shoots rapidly out into space. Flares cause Auroras
Astronomical Unit
regolith
scarp
Flare
8. The philosophical stand that says a simpler explanation is more likely to be correct than a complicated one.
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9. An element of a highly efficient - two-dimensional electronic light detector
protostar
Planetary Nebula
Pixel
HII Region
10. The Greek philosopher responsible for making the stellar magnitude scale.
Hipparchus
solar nebula
partile horizon
anorthosite
11. A very low mass particle formed in solar fusion reactions that reacts only weakly with matter
Differential Rotation
blazar
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
neutrino
12. Hot cells of gas that rise and fall in the hotosphere
Granules
E=mc2
Reflector
greehouse effects
13. Wave- only waves cause an interference pattern when passing through a double slit - particle- only particles deposit energy at specific locations (the way an image builds up on digital camera)
Black Hole
Light: travels like a wave - detected like a particle
Hipparchus
Horizontal Branch Star
14. The linear correlation between the rate of the expansion of the universe and distance. Says that as galaxies get farther away in space - the speed with which they recede from us increases. So we can measure the amount of recessional velocity and use
Hubble law
greatest elongation
If it is in a denser medium - such as glass - it will move slower
jovian
15. The apparent magnitude a star would have if it were at a distance of 10 parsecs.
dark energy
Absolute Magnitude
Molecular Clouds
Sc spiral galaxy
16. A long-lived high-pressure bulge in Jupiter's southern hemisphere
widmanstatten pattern
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
great red spot
bulge
17. Where is the center of the expansion
Extrasolar Planet
Supernova (You can be my supernova girl)
Apparent Magnitude
Nowhere visible to us. If there are higher dimension then the center would be visible to someone who lives in one. If there are no higher dimensions then the center does not exist.
18. In Ptolemy's geocentric solar system - the large circle on which a planet's epicycle moved around the Earth.
deferent
Celestial Equator
Yes - frozen at the poles- remains protected from the suns rays
Kuiper belt
19. The 11 or 22 period on the sun durin which sunspots increase - decrease - change polarity - increase and decrease again.
Oort Cloud
Plank's Law
Sunspot cycle
Apparent Magnitude
20. Long - meandering cliff formed when a planet surface cools and shrinks
Colestial Pole
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
scarp
Reflector
21. Very center of galaxy. suggestion of a black hole
nucleus
Main Sequence
Turn off Point
zone
22. Loops that trace the magnetic field as it erupts from a sunspot area and arches over to an adjacent area. They glow in the light of gas pouring out of corona and falling into photosphere.
Coronal Loop
regolith
gravity
Electromagnetic Radiation: Radio
23. Venus
Halo
CMB
Roundest orbit
CMB
24. Flat disk with gas - dust - H2 regions - molecular clouds - dust young stars and remnants of old planetary nebula and supernova remnants. stars spin together with similar velocities called differential rotation
Cosmic Microwave Background
Blackbody
chemical differentiation
disk
25. A representation of the changes in color and brightness of an evolving protostar.
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
Sunspot cycle
density waves
Hyashi track
26. Sudden blasts of gamma radiation from a very distant galaxy caused possibly by a supernova explosion.
Extrasolar Planet
Disk
Gamma ray bursts
molecular clouds
27. The shadow behind the Earth or Moon where the Sun is partially obscured.
Penumbra
Kirchhoff's Law
Absolute Magnitude
belt
28. Stars orvits do not define the spiral patterns - instead they are density waves that move at slower speeds (arms are defined by young O and B stars and gas clouds)
Milky way Galaxy
quarks
How is winding dilemma solved?
Asymptotic giant Branch Star
29. What Ole Roemer used to measure the speed of light in a vacuum
cosmological principle
Extrasolar Planet
Open Cluster
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
30. A star that is in the process of forming. It glows from gravitational contraction
protostar
Jupiters red spot
Flocculent spirals
Red Giant
31. Neptune or uranus
Coldest surface
acceleration
cosmology
High Velocity Stars
32. A small and dim but hot star.
White Dwarf
Globular Cluster
Blackbody Curve
Gravity only pulls matter back together. Therefore - if gravity is the only force that operates on cosmic scales then the expansion of the universe should decrease with time. The critical density is the value of matter density sufficient to halt the
33. The family of radiant energy that includes light as a subset
Bulge
homogeneous
Electromagnetic Radiation
CCD
34. The lens that gathers the light in a refractor
Black Hole
Objective Lens
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
Largest diameter
35. Collections of young - hot stars
Globular Cluster
Electromagnetic Radiation: Infrared
planetesimal
OB Associations
36. Poitns of gravitational stability in the orbit of a planet
Molecular Clouds
Occam's razor
slowest rotation
Lagrangian Razor
37. The source of the force that is accelerating the expansion rate of the universe.
tectonics of Venus
Sunspots
dark energy
Hyashi track
38. Hydrogen and helium (mainly)
slowest rotation
Differential Rotation
Make up of the jovian planets
Extrasolar Planet
39. Light scattered through the atmosphere that degrades astronomical images
mapping the structure of Milky Way disk
The Big Bang Theory
mare basalt
Light Pollution
40. Consists of old red stars in slow orbits that plunge through disk and bulge. about 1% are old - round globular clusters.
shape and color of ELLIPTICAL galaxies
Geocentric
quarks
Halo
41. Young clusters in disk are irregularly shaped since they have no time to relax into the rounder relaxed shape of globular clusters-will constantly be torn apart and assimilated.
accretion
Io (jupiters moon)
least dense
open star clusters
42. Plate tectonics due to thickness of crust and maintain their general form when they collide-where most volcanoes are.
Halo
tectonics of Earth
Absorption Spectrum
neutrino
43. In what chemical form are jupiters nitrogen - carbon and oxygen?
rotation curve=winding dilemma?
Turn off Point
Ammonia - methane - and water
MOONS: larger than mercury
44. Large bulge - tightly wound spiral arms - relatively few h2 regions and are smooth
reflection star clusters
Sa spiral galaxy
Ganymede (Jupiter)
Cassini division
45. The mirror that gathers the light in a reflector
interstellar dust
Pulsar
Primary Mirror
Disk
46. Why does the earth have few craters while the moon has many?
opposition
Autumnal Equinox
Earth resurfaces itself due to erosion and plate tectonics - while the moon has neither.
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
47. Relativity predicts that nothing can travel faster than the speed of light in a vacuum - How can it move slower?
Roundest orbit
Winter Solstice
Grand design spirals
If it is in a denser medium - such as glass - it will move slower
48. A location on an H-are Diagram where evolving stars pulsate
Instability strip
epicycle
epicycle
Blackbody
49. The distance between a lens and its focal plane
gravity
Focal Length
Secondary Mirror
Gamma-ray Burst
50. 1μm 100 nm
matter dominated universe
most eccentric orbit
Electromagnetic Radiation: Visible Light
opposition