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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 100 nm 10 nm
density waves
Electromagnetic Radiation: Ultraviolet Light
Hubble constant
Triple Alpha rocess
2. A small spherical dark nebula
Objective Lens
neutrino
Bok Globule
mapping the structure of Milky Way disk
3. Material that shoots rapidly out into space. Flares cause Auroras
Electromagnetic Radiation: X-Ray
Instability strip
comet
Flare
4. Then the Sun moves from north to south across the celestial equator (about September 23)
Kuiper belt
Electromagnetic Radiation: Ultraviolet Light
Red Giant Branch Star
Autumnal Equinox
5. Extremely round - lots of liquid water - ice rafts on surface ACTIVE SURFACE
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
Europa (Jupiters moon)
Photometry
White Dwarf
6. 10 cm -> 1 mm
Celestial Sphere
rotation curve=winding dilemma?
H-are Diagram
Electromagnetic Radiation: Microwave
7. The particle horizon is the farthest we can see. It exists because the universe had a beginning and thus a definite age. Light from distances farther away from the particle horizon have not had time to reach us yet.
Particle Horizon
Spectroscopic parallax
Make up of the terrestrial planets
Ground State
8. Electromagnetic Radiation
Emission Spectrum
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
A family of radiant energy- includes light
neutrino
9. Galaxies whose nuclei emit jets of materil at high speeds. material comes from supermassive black holes
Differential Rotation
Supercluster
belt
radio galaxy
10. The ratio of the actual density of the universe to the critical density. (actual density divided by the critical density
Penumbra
Degeneracy
accretion disk
density parameter
11. The first rock-sized bodies that formed in the solar nebula from dust grains
Ole Roemer
chondrite
widmanstatten pattern
tectonics of Earth
12. A two-filter measure of the color - and hence temperature - of a star.
Electromagnetic Radiation: X-Ray
isotropic
anorthosite
Color Index
13. The line on an H-are diagram going from upper left to lower right where normal stars of different masses reside.
Roundest orbit
meteorite
Bok Globule
Main Sequence
14. A planet orbiting about a distant star
Extrasolar Planet
Parsec
Lagrangian Razor
reflection star clusters
15. The act of removing an electron from an atom.
Big Crunch
Sa spiral galaxy
retrograde motion
Ionization
16. A star that blows itself apart
Vernal Equinox
Supernova (You can be my supernova girl)
semimajor axis
synchrotron radiation
17. Venus
accretion
bulge
Planetary Nebula
Thickest atmosphere
18. The point where a superior planet is as far away from the sun as it can be (as seen from the Earth)
opposition
Negative - Diverge - Less than 1
Hipparchus
aurora
19. All possible types of energy that can be emitted and absorbed by atoms.
Planck time
Electromagnetic Radiation
Autumnal Equinox
Electromagnetic Radiation: Infrared
20. Material that shoots rapidly out into space. Flares cause Auroras
Flare
mapping the structure of Milky Way disk
fusion crust
era of recombination
21. The point directly overhead.
Cosmological Principle
Supernova (You can be my supernova girl)
Light-Year
Zenith
22. Norhern lowlands- darker in color and have far fewer craters as if an ancient sea or ice field covered them. southern highlands- much higher in density of craters.
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
Gamma-ray Burst
Zenith
Callisto (Jupiter)
23. Jupiter
Spectroscopic Parallax
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
fastest rotation
Terrestrial Planets
24. A force exerted by reflecting sunlight
Brown dwarf
aurora
radiation pressure
Photon
25. The shadow behind the Earth or Moon where the Sun is partially obscured.
great dark spots
Galilean satellite
Proton-proton chain
Penumbra
26. Arcs of increased mass concentration that slow stars and gas down as they orbit through which cause the formation of stars.
density waves
Dwarf planets
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
It does not have to expand into anything. It might just be that the 3 dimensions of space are getting bigger. It may also be that our 3 spatial dimensions are expanding into higher dimensions if such things exist.
27. The opaque universe that existed for 300000 years after the Big Bang. (photons outnumbered nuclei by 1 billion to one - so less light)
Photosphere
mapping the structure of Milky Way disk
radiation dominated universe
meteoriod
28. The equation that describes how matter equates with energy
Dwarf planets
E=mc2
fusion crust
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
29. The normal eastward movement of a planet against the background of hte distant stars.
Red Giant Branch Star
Plague
direct motion
H2 Regions
30. Theory virtually demands that the geometry of the universe be ______. Results of measuring lumps in the cosmic background radiation indicate that the universe geometry is ________.
tectonics of Earth
Ground State
Flat - Flat
Ionization
31. The force of attraction between any two objects having mass
gravity
Horizontal Branch Star
Disk
Density Wave
32. Why does the earth have few craters while the moon has many?
Jupiters red spot
rotation curve=winding dilemma?
least dense
Earth resurfaces itself due to erosion and plate tectonics - while the moon has neither.
33. Formed rapidly - collapsed slower into disk shape - star birth rate is low but lasts longer and ongoing - contain higher mass blue stars.
Asymptotic giant Branch Star
shape and color of SPIRAL galaxies
Spectroscopy
terrestrial planet
34. A small round distribution of gas surrounding a dying star
Planetary Nebula
Big Bang
Globular Cluster
Filament
35. The line on an H-are diagram going from upper left to lower right where normal stars of different masses reside.
Main Sequence
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
Hyashi track
Prominence
36. Small bulges - loosely wound - massive arms - arms have many H2 regions and look very lumpy
Photon
Photosphere
Sc spiral galaxy
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
37. A galaxy emitting large amounts of energy at long wavelengths.
Light Pollution
Make up of the terrestrial planets
Magnification
radio galaxy
38. The final end state of an intermediate to high mass star. An entity in which all the electrons have been pushed into the protons.
cosmological red shift
Neutron Star
Active Optics
Sidereal Day
39. The philosophical stand that says a simpler explanation is more likely to be correct than a complicated one.
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40. Titan
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
Astronomical Unit
Hubble constant
tectonics of Venus
41. A bridge of material held in position above the solar surface. They can remain for hours even days
Prominence
mare basalt
aphelion
era of recombination
42. A star that is burning hydrogen to helium in a shell surrounding it's core
Most dense
Red Giant Branch Star
chondrite
tectonics of Mars
43. Formed from slow rotating clouds - collapsed quicker - initial star formation rate is high but died out - older - little rotation - look redder
Magnification
shape and color of ELLIPTICAL galaxies
Light Pollution
Spectroscopy
44. A star that has become a red giant for the second and final time. It is burning helium to carbon in a shell surrounding the core
synchronous rotation
tectonics of Earth
Black Hole
Asymptotic giant Branch Star
45. The nuclei of very distant galaxies. Likely a manifestation of supermassive black holes
Quasar
Color Index
Objective Lens
asteroid
46. Medium bulge - moderately would arms - arms have H2 regions in them and look sort of lumpy
Sb spiral galaxy
aphelion
Energy Level
nova
47. 1-orbit aroudn the sun 2- are in hydrostatic equilibrium and 'mostly round' 3- have not cleared debris around its orbit 4- are not satellites
A family of radiant energy- includes light
era of recombination
Dwarf planets
great dark spots
48. The linear correlation between the rate of the expansion of the universe and distance. Says that as galaxies get farther away in space - the speed with which they recede from us increases. So we can measure the amount of recessional velocity and use
Electromagnetic Radiation: Ultraviolet Light
force
Hubble law
Enke gap
49. Light scattered through the atmosphere that degrades astronomical images
Plank's Law
Celestial Sphere
bulge
Light Pollution
50. The 'edge' of the universe. Light beyond this has not reached us yet.
acceleration
Seeing
partile horizon
Spectroscopic parallax