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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Radiation emitted when charged particles spiral rapidly in a magnetic field. come off of jets from black holes.
Horizontal Branch Star
accretion disk
Maria
synchrotron radiation
2. Matter that reveals itself only through its gravitational attraction
condensation temperature
Dark Matter
Electromagnetic Radiation: Microwave
mapping the structure of Milky Way disk
3. A word used in astronomy to describe all elements besides hydrogen and helium
Metals
Coronal Loop
Grand design spirals
disk
4. The 'edge' of the universe. Light beyond this has not reached us yet.
partile horizon
Hipparchus
open star clusters
Proton-proton chain
5. Sc galaxies where star formation and destruction is so rapid that supernova explosions are mainly responsible for compressing gas to create new stars.
Population 1 vs Population 2 stars
cosmic singularity
self-propagating star formation
Void
6. A logarithmically scaled value for the measured brightness of a star.
asteroid
Callisto (Jupiter)
Apparent Magnitude
Roundest orbit
7. An important quality of telescopes that increases as the square of the primary mirror or objective lens
Rich Cluster
Light Gathering Power
MOONS: larger than mercury
Black Hole
8. Hurricane-like vortex in southern-hemisphere winds to north and south blow in opposite directions which keep it spinning and with no subsurface features like mountians it persists.
semimajor axis
Jupiters red spot
Asymptotic giant Branch Star
H2 Regions
9. A planet that is farther from the sun than the Earth is
gravity
Jovian Planets
Dark Nebula
Superior planets
10. Matter that reveals itself only through its gravitational attraction.
Most dense
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
chemical differentiation
dark matter
11. Radiation emitted when charged particles spiral rapidly in a magnetic field. come off of jets from black holes.
Bok Globule
synchrotron radiation
great red spot
HII Region
12. The organization of clusters of galaxies into sheets and strings
Self-Propogating Star Formation
Supercluster
Light Gathering Power
Superior planets
13. A distance measure determined by the shifting of a star against the background sky every 6 months.
fastest rotation
If it is in a denser medium - such as glass - it will move slower
Sunspot cycle
Parsec
14. The state of having a balance between inward and outard pressures in a gas--the inward force from gravity is balanced by the outward force from heat.
Zenith
We don't know. It might be but does not have to be.
Hydrostatic Equilibrium
meteorite
15. Sc galaxies
Parallax
Flocculent spirals
most moons
nova
16. A crystalline patter found in iron meteorites
epicycle
widmanstatten pattern
Parallax
retrograde motion
17. A measure of how an object resists accelerating when acted upon by a force. It is proportional the amount of matter in an object
aurora
mass
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
chondrite
18. The study of the universe as a whole.
Earth resurfaces itself due to erosion and plate tectonics - while the moon has neither.
cosmology
rotation curve=winding dilemma?
Hubble constant
19. Stars orvits do not define the spiral patterns - instead they are density waves that move at slower speeds (arms are defined by young O and B stars and gas clouds)
Flocculent spirals
Apparent Magnitude
How is winding dilemma solved?
mapping the structure of Milky Way disk
20. A small and dim but hot star.
era of recombination
White Dwarf
Primary Mirror
Horizontal Branch Star
21. The apparent backward motion of a planet against the background of stars.
Coldest surface
retrograde motion
Superior planets
HII Region
22. The apparent magnitude a star would have if it were at a distance of 10 parsecs.
disk
Absolute Magnitude
Dark matter is located at center of clusters - pulling the cluster members into faster orbits--dark matter gravity keeps objects in galxies bound.
Extrasolar Planet
23. The number of protons in an atom.
Parallax
synchronous rotation
Electromagnetic Radiation: Microwave
Atomic Number
24. The rock that makes up the lunar highlands
anorthosite
Photometry
dark matter
Ionization
25. All wavelengths of light emitted by a blackbody.
Blackbody Curve
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
Spectroscopic Parallax
thinnest atmosphere
26. A term referring to Jupiter-like planets
Io (jupiters moon)
jovian
H-are Diagram
HII Region
27. When the Sun is farthest south of the celestial equator (About December 22)
Turn off Point
smallest diameter
Dwarf planets
Winter Solstice
28. What are the three possible geometries of the universe?
Open - flat - and closed.
Emission Spectrum
Poor Cluster
Electromagnetic Radiation: Infrared
29. A star that erratically and explosively brightens and dims
Terrestrial Planets
Nova
shape and color of SPIRAL galaxies
Bulge
30. Small compact stars called white dwarfs can have material deposited on their surfaces. In time material heats up and explodes in surface nuclear reaction- star brightens - settles - repeats.
Light Curve
Nucleus
Plague
nova
31. The slow wobble of the Earth on its rotation axis.
Annular Eclipse
Precession
Halo
quarks
32. The distance a moon can be from a planet before shattering from tidal forces
synchronous rotation
Photon
roche limit
Light Pollution
33. In an OPEN UNIVERSE - the curvature of space-time is ____ - Parallel beams will converge/diverge/remain parallel (circle one). The density parameter - Ω0 - is____.
Synodic Day
Thickest atmosphere
Negative - Diverge - Less than 1
Spectroscopic Parallax
34. The dark - relativley smooth areas on the moon; Latin for sea
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
Maria
Jovian Planets
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
35. The era when the ratio of matter to energy greatly favored matter. (verses radiation dominated universe where it was opaque. Matter is now dominated by gravity not photons)
Hubble constant
Energy Level
matter dominated universe
Gravity only pulls matter back together. Therefore - if gravity is the only force that operates on cosmic scales then the expansion of the universe should decrease with time. The critical density is the value of matter density sufficient to halt the
36. The mass of an object divided by its volume
Main Sequence
density
Seeing
Neutron Star
37. A faint - remarkably uniform distribution of radiation in space
Cosmic Microwave Background
Electromagnetic Radiation: Visible Light
Europa (Jupiters moon)
comet
38. Large bulge - tightly wound spiral arms - relatively few h2 regions and are smooth
Largest diameter
Sa spiral galaxy
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
Neutron Star
39. Finding a star's absolute magnitude from it's placement on an HR diagram. After finding the absolute magnitude - we measure the apparent magnitude - for a distance modulus and use this to find the distance. This method is good for finding distances t
disk
direct motion
Spectroscopic parallax
radiant
40. Medium bulge - moderately would arms - arms have H2 regions in them and look sort of lumpy
Thermonuclear Fusion
general star population
Turn off Point
Sb spiral galaxy
41. A particle of light
Nowhere visible to us. If there are higher dimension then the center would be visible to someone who lives in one. If there are no higher dimensions then the center does not exist.
Photon
mare basalt
Sc spiral galaxy
42. Saturn
least dense
radiation pressure
Nebula
planetary nebula
43. When massive objects bend space and time enough to create multiple images of an object located behind them
Gravitational Lens
condensation temperature
radio galaxy
tectonics of Earth
44. A change in the wavelength of light caused by a motion between the observer and light (or wave) source (blue shift if getting closer - red shift if moving away)
isotropic
Doppler Shift
asteroid
Io (jupiters moon)
45. Extends to a distance of 50000AU. Same objects as in the Kuiper belt-when they fall in toward the sun they become comets. Debris from comets hitting the Earths atmosphere cause meteor showers.
Oort Cloud
Liquid metallic hydrogen
Refractor
Negative - Diverge - Less than 1
46. The larger bodies that formed early in teh solar nebula that were chemically differentiated
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
Thermal Equilibrium
planetesimal
superclusters
47. Saying that the sky should not get dark at night because all lines of sight end on a star meaning that the night sky should be ablaze BUT the big bang - because the universe had a beginning - says that the sky gets dark because out in space - galaxie
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48. Extends to a distance of 50000AU. Same objects as in the Kuiper belt-when they fall in toward the sun they become comets. Debris from comets hitting the Earths atmosphere cause meteor showers.
general star population
critical density
Big Crunch
Oort Cloud
49. A large and bright but cool star.
Population 1 vs Population 2 stars
2 Reasons Why there are Supermassive Black holes at the center of every Galaxy
Light-Year
Red Giant
50. The relation that tells how light dims with distance.
Inverse Square Law
Hyashi track
neutrino
Heliocentric