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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Hot cells of gas that rise and fall in the hotosphere
AGN
Granules
Electromagnetic Radiation: Ultraviolet Light
retrograde motion
2. The telescope configuration that has the focus placed at the back of the primary mirror
accretion
Cassegrain Focus
Nova
E=mc2
3. A large and bright but cool star.
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
Red Giant
Neutron Star
Terrestrial Planets
4. A spinning neutron star
radiation dominated universe
Black Hole
Pulsar
density waves
5. Infinitely long -> 10 cm
Big Bang
Electromagnetic Radiation: Radio
Electromagnetic Radiation: Ultraviolet Light
chondrite
6. We can infer the absolute magnitude of pulsating variable stars by measuring their pulsation periods. The longer the pulsations - the greater their luminosities. We then again measure their apparent magnitudes - compare it with their absolute magnitu
Cepheid variables
Enke gap
Doppler Shift
hottest surface
7. The time when the universe cooled sufficiently for atoms to exist. radiation dominated= first 300000 years - THEN era of recombination turns into matter dominated for next.
era of recombination
Spectroscopic parallax
mapping the structure of Milky Way disk
Largest diameter
8. The process similar to conduction by which energy moves from the solar core to the convective layer
Density Wave
Stephen-Boltzman Law
protostar
Radiative Diffusion
9. A fusion process in which protons build together to form helium
Proton-proton chain
Liquid metallic hydrogen
Secondary Mirror
Supercluster
10. Ganymede
Differential Rotation
era of recombination
MOONS: largest size
Nebula
11. Galaxies whose nuclei emit jets of materil at high speeds. material comes from supermassive black holes
Secondary Mirror
aurora
radio galaxy
Galilean satellite
12. A volume of space where few - if any - galaxies are located
Heliocentric
hottest surface
Void
Lagrangian Razor
13. The movement of the Earth's crustal plates riding on top of the mantle.
greatest elongation
Ionization
Photon
plate tectonics
14. A distance measure determined by the shifting of a star against the background sky every 6 months.
greehouse effects
Parsec
Umbra
Light-Year
15. The era when the ratio of matter to energy greatly favored matter. (verses radiation dominated universe where it was opaque. Matter is now dominated by gravity not photons)
matter dominated universe
Celestial Sphere
Plague
H2 Regions
16. A spectrum of light with energy at only a few wavelengths.
Chromosphere
Absolute Magnitude
Emission Spectrum
CCD
17. The projection of the Earth's equator onto the celestial sphere.
Celestial Equator
Big Bang
mass
regolith
18. When material is heated and moves taking the heat energy with it
inferior planets
Convection
Light Curve
greatest elongation
19. Dark areas on the sun that are cooler than the surrounding photosphere
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
bulge
Sunspots
Focal Length
20. A technique using computer-controlled mirrors to sharpen images distorted by the atmosphere
Active Optics
Terrestrial Planets
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
semimajor axis
21. Where is the center of the expansion
H2 Regions
Colestial Pole
partile horizon
Nowhere visible to us. If there are higher dimension then the center would be visible to someone who lives in one. If there are no higher dimensions then the center does not exist.
22. What are the three possible geometries of the universe?
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
tectonics of Earth
Open - flat - and closed.
Largest diameter
23. N=are*Fp(Ne)(Fl)(Fi)(Fc)(L) N: number of civilizations possible to communicate with are*: rate solar-like stars are created Fp: fraction of stars with planets Ne: number of planets like ours Fl: fraction of planets with life Fi: intelligent life Fc:
jovian
Thickest atmosphere
Drake equation
radiant
24. Venus
Make up of the jovian planets
Red Giant
Thickest atmosphere
rotation curve = dark matter?
25. A phenomenon seen when the Earth passes through the orbit of a burned out comet
Spectroscopic Parallax
interstellar dust
meteor shower
Particle Horizon
26. A star fusing hydrogen to helium in it's core
Main Sequence Stars
Yes - frozen at the poles- remains protected from the suns rays
radio lobe
Annular Eclipse
27. The fusion process that turns three helium nuclei into a carbon nucleus
Liquid metallic hydrogen
Triple Alpha rocess
Hipparchus
acceleration
28. In Ptolemy's geocentric solar system - the large circle on which a planet's epicycle moved around the Earth.
Pixel
cosmological principle
deferent
cosmic singularity
29. If stars have diff orbital periods - than any arms formed by stars will wind into a tight spiral pattern (billion yrs or so)
thinnest atmosphere
Main Sequence Stars
rotation curve=winding dilemma?
epicycle
30. A younger cluster of stars - found in the galaxy disk
Hydrostatic Equilibrium
plate tectonics
Open Cluster
Gamma-ray Burst
31. Distribution of dust (tells us disk is thin) - find distances to O&B stars and H2 regions (arms are sights of star formation and OB stars live and die at location of birth) -Milky way has four arms. Sun is in spur apart from arms.
H2 Regions
mapping the structure of Milky Way disk
Red Giant Branch Star
Differential Rotation
32. Ganymede
MOONS: largest size
standard candle
mare basalt
self-propagating star formation
33. Cold aggregates of gas - large and contain a huge amount of matter - so cold that molecules stick together to form molecules.
Celestial Equator
highlands
Apollo asteroids
molecular clouds
34. The shadow area behind the Earth or Moon where the Sun is completely obscured.
Photon
Self-Propogating Star Formation
Ammonia - methane - and water
Umbra
35. The time when the universe cooled sufficiently for atoms to exist. radiation dominated= first 300000 years - THEN era of recombination turns into matter dominated for next.
blazar
mare basalt
plate tectonics
era of recombination
36. An evolved star - past the helium flash that is burning helium to carbon in it's cores
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
least dense
Horizontal Branch Star
Radio Galaxy
37. A two-filter measure of the color - and hence temperature - of a star.
acceleration
Electromagnetic Radiation: Infrared
radio lobe
Color Index
38. The larger bodies that formed early in teh solar nebula that were chemically differentiated
Photon
Plague
planetesimal
radio galaxy
39. The entity from which the whole universe is postulated to have come from.
Globular Cluster
cosmic singularity
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
quarks
40. Hurricane-like vortex in southern-hemisphere winds to north and south blow in opposite directions which keep it spinning and with no subsurface features like mountians it persists.
fastest rotation
radiation pressure
Jupiters red spot
Globular Cluster
41. How did Earth come to have an oxygen rich atmosphere?
planetesimal
Flat - Flat
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
Ganymede (Jupiter)
42. Any class of objects with a uniform luminosity used to determine distance.
standard candle
Milky way Galaxy
reflection star clusters
Thickest atmosphere
43. The Greek philosopher responsible for making the stellar magnitude scale.
Vernal Equinox
Hipparchus
Spectral Lines
retrograde motion
44. The crust of a meteorite caused by its entry into Earth's atmosphere
scarp
Emission Spectrum
fusion crust
Plague
45. The location in the Milky Way where stars orbit like a solid wheel
Ammonia - methane - and water
greatest elongation
Zenith
Bulge
46. Loops that trace the magnetic field as it erupts from a sunspot area and arches over to an adjacent area. They glow in the light of gas pouring out of corona and falling into photosphere.
Coronal Loop
rotation curve = dark matter?
Hyashi track
A family of radiant energy- includes light
47. The relation that tells how light dims with distance.
open star clusters
Inverse Square Law
Cepheid variables
Molecular Clouds
48. Radiation given off by electrons accelerating in a magnetic field
Synchrotron Rotation
Autumnal Equinox
Occam's razor
Ammonia - methane - and water
49. After stars form they pump light energy into surrounding gas causing it to heat up and glow (H2=ionized hydrogen - H1= neutral hydrogen in molcular couds)
Apparent Magnitude
H2 Regions
belt
Synodic Day
50. Infinitely long -> 10 cm
Energy Level
Electromagnetic Radiation: Radio
Callisto (Jupiter)
Make up of the jovian planets