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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A planet that is farther from the sun than the Earth is
Heliocentric
Superior planets
self-propagating star formation
Blackbody Curve
2. Finding a star's absolute magnitude from it's placement on an HR diagram. After finding the absolute magnitude - we measure the apparent magnitude - for a distance modulus and use this to find the distance. This method is good for finding distances t
Reflector
Spectroscopic parallax
protostar
Resolving Power
3. When the Sun moves from south to north across the celestial equator (about March 21)
Vernal Equinox
Coldest surface
Olber's paradox
Gamma ray bursts
4. Is there water on the moon?
cosmological red shift
Yes - frozen at the poles- remains protected from the suns rays
radiant
Electromagnetic Radiation: Ultraviolet Light
5. Arcs of increased mass concentration that slow stars and gas down as they orbit through which cause the formation of stars.
Photosphere
Jovian Planets
Dwarf planets
density waves
6. When a planet lines up with the sun inthe sky
Oort cloud
conjunction
protostar
How is winding dilemma solved?
7. Mercury and venus
belt
Grand design spirals
MOONS: roundest shape
fewest moons
8. Sc galaxies
Flocculent spirals
Geocentric
Astronomical Unit
chemical differentiation
9. The displacement of spectral lines to redder colors caused by the expansion of the universe.
Dark Matter
quarks
cosmological red shift
Absorption Spectrum
10. A continuous spectrum of light missing energy at a few wave lengths.
Dark matter candidates
Absorption Spectrum
Negative - Diverge - Less than 1
Thickest atmosphere
11. IO
Globular Cluster
acceleration
MOONS: most geologically active
Largest diameter
12. A star that has become a red giant for the second and final time. It is burning helium to carbon in a shell surrounding the core
rotation curve = dark matter?
Asymptotic giant Branch Star
Thickest atmosphere
Atomic Number
13. Medium bulge - moderately would arms - arms have H2 regions in them and look sort of lumpy
force
Dwarf planets
Sb spiral galaxy
Most dense
14. A telescope that uses lenses to focus light
Electron
Io (jupiters moon)
epicycle
Refractor
15. Latin for 'cloud'. A word used to describe the collections of gas and dust in the Milky Way and other galaxies
Electromagnetic Radiation
Doppler Shift
Nebula
Gravity only pulls matter back together. Therefore - if gravity is the only force that operates on cosmic scales then the expansion of the universe should decrease with time. The critical density is the value of matter density sufficient to halt the
16. 30AU to 50Au from sun - consists of ancietn premordial objects made of frozen ice and dust-35000 objects or more that are larger than 100 km in diameter and many more smaller than this
dark energy
Kuiper belt
Quasar
widmanstatten pattern
17. Galaxies whose nuclei emit jets of materil at high speeds. material comes from supermassive black holes
radio galaxy
CMB
300000 KM/sec
Cosmic Microwave Background
18. The shadow area behind the Earth or Moon where the Sun is completely obscured.
Umbra
Jupiters red spot
disk
Sunspot cycle
19. Norhern lowlands- darker in color and have far fewer craters as if an ancient sea or ice field covered them. southern highlands- much higher in density of craters.
Ionization
dark matter
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
Nowhere visible to us. If there are higher dimension then the center would be visible to someone who lives in one. If there are no higher dimensions then the center does not exist.
20. The projection of the Earth's equator onto the celestial sphere.
Apparent Magnitude
Atomic Number
Population 1 vs Population 2 stars
Celestial Equator
21. A small chunk of rock in space
meteoriod
Winter Solstice
Density Wave
Triple Alpha rocess
22. A planet orbiting about a distant star
Extrasolar Planet
aphelion
Earth resurfaces itself due to erosion and plate tectonics - while the moon has neither.
Radiative Diffusion
23. Why do Galaxies move very rapidly in the interiors of the dense clusters?
Dark matter is located at center of clusters - pulling the cluster members into faster orbits--dark matter gravity keeps objects in galxies bound.
Sunspots
AGN
Planetary Nebula
24. Sc galaxies where star formation and destruction is so rapid that supernova explosions are mainly responsible for compressing gas to create new stars.
self-propagating star formation
Main Sequence Stars
superclusters
Convection
25. The point where an inferior planet is as far away from the sun as it can be (as seen from the Earth)
smallest diameter
Earth resurfaces itself due to erosion and plate tectonics - while the moon has neither.
nucleus
greatest elongation
26. Ganymede and Titan
Perihelion
standard candle
Electromagnetic Radiation: X-Ray
MOONS: larger than mercury
27. Venus
Seeing
Roundest orbit
meteor shower
Seyfert galaxy
28. 1-orbit aroudn the sun 2- are in hydrostatic equilibrium and 'mostly round' 3- have not cleared debris around its orbit 4- are not satellites
jovian
fastest rotation
Dwarf planets
open star clusters
29. Formed rapidly - collapsed slower into disk shape - star birth rate is low but lasts longer and ongoing - contain higher mass blue stars.
CNO Cycle
shape and color of SPIRAL galaxies
density waves
Hipparchus
30. Jupiter
How is winding dilemma solved?
Absolute Magnitude
fastest rotation
Nucleus
31. Heavier elements such as iron - silicon - magnesium - sulfer - nickel
density parameter
Hipparchus
Pixel
Make up of the terrestrial planets
32. The process that powers the sun and hydrogen bombs
tectonics of Mars
Inverse Square Law
Winter Solstice
Thermonuclear Fusion
33. The sinking of denser elements to the center of a young molten planet
chemical differentiation
Black Hole
homogeneous
Dwarf planets
34. Wave- only waves cause an interference pattern when passing through a double slit - particle- only particles deposit energy at specific locations (the way an image builds up on digital camera)
Light: travels like a wave - detected like a particle
Spectroscopic parallax
cosmic singularity
Bulge
35. A representation of the changes in color and brightness of an evolving protostar.
Winter Solstice
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
Hyashi track
Celestial Equator
36. The telescope configuration that has the focus placed at the back of the primary mirror
It does not have to expand into anything. It might just be that the 3 dimensions of space are getting bigger. It may also be that our 3 spatial dimensions are expanding into higher dimensions if such things exist.
Cassegrain Focus
gravity
We don't know. It might be but does not have to be.
37. A massive variable star used to find distances to the galaxies or clusters that contain them.
Hyashi track
Cepheid Variable
Light: travels like a wave - detected like a particle
dark matter
38. A telescope that uses mirrors to focus light
Terrestrial Planets
Most dense
Reflector
fusion crust
39. Jupiter
planetary nebula
Colestial Pole
fastest rotation
evidence of water on mars
40. Theory virtually demands that the geometry of the universe be ______. Results of measuring lumps in the cosmic background radiation indicate that the universe geometry is ________.
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
Parallax
Flare
Flat - Flat
41. A bridge of material held in position above the solar surface. They can remain for hours even days
Prominence
Oort Cloud
The Local Group
Open - flat - and closed.
42. 1 mm 1μm
terrestrial planet
Roundest orbit
Electromagnetic Radiation: Infrared
Photosphere
43. Largest moon in solar system - two differenet types of terrain - darker terrain is older - NOT ACTIVE SURFACE
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
zone
direct motion
Ganymede (Jupiter)
44. Dark - reddish - low-pressure bands in Jupiter's atmosphere
Grand design spirals
mare basalt
Primary Mirror
belt
45. A measure of how an object resists accelerating when acted upon by a force. It is proportional the amount of matter in an object
CNO Cycle
Hydrostatic Equilibrium
Cepheid variables
mass
46. A force exerted by reflecting sunlight
Differential Rotation
Yes - frozen at the poles- remains protected from the suns rays
meteorite
radiation pressure
47. Arcs of increased mass concentration that slow stars and gas down as they orbit through which cause the formation of stars.
Secondary Mirror
Sunspot cycle
density waves
Filament
48. Plate tectonics due to thickness of crust and maintain their general form when they collide-where most volcanoes are.
Emission Spectrum
condensation temperature
Terrestrial Planets
tectonics of Earth
49. Highlands: rocks are made of lighter anorthosite (similar to old earth rocks) Maria: rocks made of heavy mare basalt (volcanic rock) everywhere else is loose regolith created by meteoric impact.
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
Main Sequence Stars
Chromosphere
Spectroscopic parallax
50. The lens that gathers the light in a refractor
radio galaxy
HII Region
Color Index
Objective Lens