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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The faint glow of light left over from the Big Bang. cosmic microwave background are the photons that remain after the big bang that have not turned into matter.
Open Cluster
Photon
CMB
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
2. Moon in less than the angular diameter of the Sun.
Annular Eclipse
CNO Cycle
Bulge
Disk
3. Hot cells of gas that rise and fall in the hotosphere
Granules
Nebula
Parsec
We don't know. It might be but does not have to be.
4. Titan
most moons
protostar
Liquid metallic hydrogen
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
5. A subatomic particle with a negative charge. It creates light.
Electron
mass
We don't know. It might be but does not have to be.
Cassini division
6. N=are*Fp(Ne)(Fl)(Fi)(Fc)(L) N: number of civilizations possible to communicate with are*: rate solar-like stars are created Fp: fraction of stars with planets Ne: number of planets like ours Fl: fraction of planets with life Fi: intelligent life Fc:
roche limit
Drake equation
Photon
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
7. The rotation period of the Earth measured relative to the stars.
H2 Regions
Light Curve
Callisto (Jupiter)
Sidereal Day
8. The philosophical stand that says a simpler explanation is more likely to be correct than a complicated one.
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9. The distance light travels in one year (=9.46x10^12km).
Light-Year
Cepheid variables
widmanstatten pattern
Ganymede (Jupiter)
10. Originially thought to be stars emitting radio radiation but are now concluded to be nuclei of distant galaxies (same as radio galaxies aka emit streams of material)
cosmic singularity
quasar
Cosmological Principle
Granules
11. If stars have diff orbital periods - than any arms formed by stars will wind into a tight spiral pattern (billion yrs or so)
rotation curve=winding dilemma?
Active Optics
Terrestrial Planets
Density Wave
12. Radiation emitted when charged particles spiral rapidly in a magnetic field. come off of jets from black holes.
synchrotron radiation
Perihelion
Disk
Main Sequence Stars
13. A logarithmically scaled value for the measured brightness of a star.
Apparent Magnitude
CCD
CNO Cycle
High Velocity Stars
14. The family of radiant energy that includes light as a subset
Electromagnetic Radiation
blazar
Callisto (Jupiter)
Electron
15. The surface of the sun
Roundest orbit
Electromagnetic Radiation
We don't know. It might be but does not have to be.
Photosphere
16. A cool collection of gas and dust silhouetted against a brighter background of stars and/or gas
Spectroscopic Parallax
Winter Solstice
Dark Nebula
HII Region
17. IO
Most dense
MOONS: most geologically active
Wein's Law
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
18. Neptune or uranus
Jupiters red spot
Coldest surface
least dense
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
19. The ratio of the actual density of the universe to the critical density. (actual density divided by the critical density
weight
density parameter
supermassive black hole
chemical differentiation
20. The telescope configuration that has the focus placed at the back of the primary mirror
Pulsar
Limb darkening
Cassegrain Focus
retrograde motion
21. The first rock-sized bodies that formed in the solar nebula from dust grains
chondrite
great dark spots
Synchrotron Rotation
planetary nebula
22. The apparent path of the Sun through the stars on the celestial sphere.
greehouse effects
Differential Rotation
Flat - Flat
Ecliptic
23. Small bulges - loosely wound - massive arms - arms have many H2 regions and look very lumpy
radio lobe
cosmological principle
Sc spiral galaxy
supermassive black hole
24. Star speed at outer edge of galaxy should begin to diminish - but they dont so we guess that this means there is increasing force (aka dark matter)
cosmological red shift
It does not have to expand into anything. It might just be that the 3 dimensions of space are getting bigger. It may also be that our 3 spatial dimensions are expanding into higher dimensions if such things exist.
rotation curve = dark matter?
tectonics of Venus
25. What Ole Roemer used to measure the speed of light in a vacuum
Synchrotron Rotation
Earth resurfaces itself due to erosion and plate tectonics - while the moon has neither.
Ground State
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
26. The rate of expansion of the universe.
Ecliptic
Hubble constant
direct motion
critical density
27. In a CLOSED UNIVERSE - the curvature of space-time is _________. Parallel beams will converge/diverge/remain parallel (circle one). The density parameter - Ω0 - is _____.
Void
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
opposition
Black Hole
28. A fusion process in which protons build together to form helium
Proton-proton chain
radio galaxy
Umbra
Absolute Magnitude
29. The shadow behind the Earth or Moon where the Sun is partially obscured.
Penumbra
Kuiper belt
open star clusters
Magnification
30. The 'edge' of the universe. Light beyond this has not reached us yet.
Seyfert galaxy
partile horizon
Proton-proton chain
Celestial Equator
31. What are the three possible geometries of the universe?
Refractor
Grand design spirals
condensation temperature
Open - flat - and closed.
32. Plate tectonics due to thickness of crust and maintain their general form when they collide-where most volcanoes are.
tectonics of Earth
Lagrangian Razor
OB Associations
The Local Group
33. The place in the sky that the Earth's axis points toward (can be either north or south)
Open - flat - and closed.
Colestial Pole
Ammonia - methane - and water
Corona
34. A galaxy sending out a stream of material from its nucleus
tectonics of Earth
Energy Level
scarp
Radio Galaxy
35. VENUS
chemical differentiation
planetary nebula
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
semimajor axis
36. Then the Sun moves from north to south across the celestial equator (about September 23)
Autumnal Equinox
plate tectonics
Kuiper belt
zone
37. Radiation given off by electrons accelerating in a magnetic field
anorthosite
Synchrotron Rotation
Vernal Equinox
Supernova (You can be my supernova girl)
38. The cosmological principle is the assumption that the universe is isotropic and homogeneous.The Big Bang assumes it to be a correct principle so that what we observe is exactly like What is too far away to be observed.
Cosmological Principle
Photosphere
Hydrostatic Equilibrium
most moons
39. Infinitely long -> 10 cm
Electromagnetic Radiation: Radio
Absolute Magnitude
Shepherd satellite
In an expanding universe all galaxies see all other galaxies that are not gravitationally bound to them receding away. This is what we see in the Hubble Law. We infer that the Hubble law also holds true for all other galaxies.
40. 1. We see rapid movements or high energy radiation coming at some level from the nuclei of nearly every galaxy we have looked at. 2. We suspect that the creation of these supermassive black holes is part of the galaxy formation process.
2 Reasons Why there are Supermassive Black holes at the center of every Galaxy
critical density
Electromagnetic Radiation: Visible Light
Electromagnetic Radiation: Radio
41. The light produced when particles from the sun collide with atmospheric molecules
Photon
Active Optics
cosmological principle
aurora
42. The ratio of the actual density of the universe to the critical density. (actual density divided by the critical density
density parameter
CCD
Resolving Power
Drake equation
43. How is the Hubble Law consistent with an expanding universe?
Hubble law
In an expanding universe all galaxies see all other galaxies that are not gravitationally bound to them receding away. This is what we see in the Hubble Law. We infer that the Hubble law also holds true for all other galaxies.
Halo
Umbra
44. A galaxy sending out a stream of material from its nucleus
The Big Bang Theory resolves Olber's Paradox
Cepheid Variable
Plank's Law
Radio Galaxy
45. The distance between a lens and its focal plane
Focal Length
Light-Year
A family of radiant energy- includes light
Electromagnetic Radiation
46. The mirror that gathers the light in a reflector
radio galaxy
interstellar dust
Primary Mirror
Corona
47. A spherical shell of comets that orbit the sun at a great distance (roughly two light years from the sun)
condensation temperature
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
Oort cloud
Steady State Theory (Leads to Olber's Paradox)
48. A high-pressure bulge in Neptune's southern hemisphere
cosmic singularity
density waves
comet
great dark spots
49. 1-orbit aroudn the sun 2- are in hydrostatic equilibrium and 'mostly round' 3- have not cleared debris around its orbit 4- are not satellites
molecular clouds
OB Associations
Light-Year
Dwarf planets
50. The law that predicts the possible types of spectra.
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