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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Loops that trace the magnetic field as it erupts from a sunspot area and arches over to an adjacent area. They glow in the light of gas pouring out of corona and falling into photosphere.
Metals
Coronal Loop
nova
Superior planets
2. Heavier elements such as iron - silicon - magnesium - sulfer - nickel
Photon
Make up of the terrestrial planets
Seyfert galaxy
homogeneous
3. We can infer the absolute magnitude of pulsating variable stars by measuring their pulsation periods. The longer the pulsations - the greater their luminosities. We then again measure their apparent magnitudes - compare it with their absolute magnitu
Cepheid variables
Bulge
A family of radiant energy- includes light
acceleration
4. Earth
Most dense
Oort Cloud
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
Superior planets
5. Jupiter
Earth resurfaces itself due to erosion and plate tectonics - while the moon has neither.
most moons
Big Crunch
gravity
6. A logarithmically scaled value for the measured brightness of a star.
Apparent Magnitude
Hubble constant
Chandrasekhar Limit
Flocculent spirals
7. The distance between a lens and its focal plane
Perihelion
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
Focal Length
Electromagnetic Radiation: Visible Light
8. Clouds of low density gas often found glowing faintly on either side of an AGN.
zone
radio lobe
Gamma-ray Burst
The Local Group
9. The location in the Milky Way where stars orbit like a solid wheel
shape and color of ELLIPTICAL galaxies
Radiative Diffusion
mass
Bulge
10. A high-pressure bulge in Neptune's southern hemisphere
dark matter
Largest diameter
great dark spots
quasar
11. A fusion process in which a carbon atom transmutes to oxygen and back - creating a helium atom in the process
CNO Cycle
Continuous Spectrum
Geocentric
Limb darkening
12. When material is heated and moves taking the heat energy with it
cosmological red shift
Convection
Big Bang
Horizontal Branch Star
13. Electromagnetic Radiation
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
Energy Level
A family of radiant energy- includes light
smallest diameter
14. The surface of the sun
density
Chromosphere
density parameter
Photosphere
15. A fusion process in which protons build together to form helium
Proton-proton chain
Electromagnetic Radiation: X-Ray
planetesimal
chondrite
16. A spectrum of light with energy at only a few wavelengths.
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
great dark spots
Emission Spectrum
direct motion
17. Mercury
Cassegrain Focus
Absorption Spectrum
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
most eccentric orbit
18. The movement of the Earth's crustal plates riding on top of the mantle.
mass
planetary nebula
plate tectonics
A family of radiant energy- includes light
19. After stars form they pump light energy into surrounding gas causing it to heat up and glow (H2=ionized hydrogen - H1= neutral hydrogen in molcular couds)
H2 Regions
synchrotron radiation
Trojan asteroids
Red Giant
20. Theory virtually demands that the geometry of the universe be ______. Results of measuring lumps in the cosmic background radiation indicate that the universe geometry is ________.
Oort cloud
Flat - Flat
Light Gathering Power
Ammonia - methane - and water
21. The dark - relativley smooth areas on the moon; Latin for sea
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
Sunspots
Electromagnetic Radiation: Radio
Maria
22. A faint - remarkably uniform distribution of radiation in space
Cosmic Microwave Background
Cassegrain Focus
Plank's Law
Celestial Sphere
23. A measure of how an object resists accelerating when acted upon by a force. It is proportional the amount of matter in an object
coma
evidence of water on mars
Open - flat - and closed.
mass
24. In Ptolemy's geocentric solar system - the small circle on which a planet moved.
Wein's Law
Apollo asteroids
epicycle
accretion
25. Relativity predicts that nothing can travel faster than the speed of light in a vacuum - How can it move slower?
If it is in a denser medium - such as glass - it will move slower
radio galaxy
Rich vs poor clusters
Dark Matter
26. The elementary building blocks from which protons and neutrons are formed.
greatest elongation
quarks
Open - flat - and closed.
Light-Year
27. The oldest grouping of stars - found in the galaxy halo
Globular Cluster
Ecliptic
It does not have to expand into anything. It might just be that the 3 dimensions of space are getting bigger. It may also be that our 3 spatial dimensions are expanding into higher dimensions if such things exist.
Big Crunch
28. Largest moon in solar system - two differenet types of terrain - darker terrain is older - NOT ACTIVE SURFACE
Ganymede (Jupiter)
weight
Sunspots
MOONS: most geologically active
29. Centered on the Earth
Secondary Mirror
How is winding dilemma solved?
Geocentric
differential rotation
30. The apparent magnitude a star would have if it were at a distance of 10 parsecs.
Absolute Magnitude
Rich Cluster
Convection
SETI
31. Europa
Reflector
Electromagnetic Radiation: Radio
Olber's paradox
MOONS: roundest shape
32. Medium bulge - moderately would arms - arms have H2 regions in them and look sort of lumpy
Occam's razor
Roundest orbit
2 Reasons Why there are Supermassive Black holes at the center of every Galaxy
Sb spiral galaxy
33. The force of attraction between any two objects having mass
Absorption Spectrum
gravity
We don't know. It might be but does not have to be.
Emission Spectrum
34. Sudden blasts of gamma radiation from a very distant galaxy caused possibly by a supernova explosion.
Ground State
Open Cluster
Gamma ray bursts
asteroid
35. What is the universe expanding into?
Synchrotron Rotation
It does not have to expand into anything. It might just be that the 3 dimensions of space are getting bigger. It may also be that our 3 spatial dimensions are expanding into higher dimensions if such things exist.
deferent
HII Region
36. The mix of pure photon energy that emerged at the start of the universe.
cosmic fireball
Chromosphere
Meridian
isotropic
37. The normal eastward movement of a planet against the background of hte distant stars.
Light Gathering Power
Make up of the terrestrial planets
direct motion
Blackbody
38. The location in an H-are diagram of a star cluster - where stars have just left the main sequence. Used to estimate the cluster age.
Particle Horizon
Inverse Square Law
Turn off Point
Cepheid Variable
39. The shadow area behind the Earth or Moon where the Sun is completely obscured.
neutrino
Umbra
Electron
radiation pressure
40. Stars fromt he Halo that have drifted into the disk. as earth zooms past them in a faster orbit they appear to be going backward very fast
reflection star clusters
High Velocity Stars
Autumnal Equinox
hottest surface
41. The gap inthe outer portion of Saturn's A ring
quasar
The Big Bang Theory resolves Olber's Paradox
Enke gap
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
42. Jupiter
most moons
roche limit
Most dense
Negative - Diverge - Less than 1
43. A star that is in the process of forming. It glows from gravitational contraction
Thermal Equilibrium
Europa (Jupiters moon)
protostar
Open - flat - and closed.
44. The surface of the sun
isotropic
Photosphere
Photon
Molecular Clouds
45. The amount an image is enlarged by a telescope
Magnification
Seeing
Neutron Star
aurora
46. Any class of objects with a uniform luminosity used to determine distance.
Open - flat - and closed.
meteoriod
standard candle
general star population
47. The apparent path of the Sun through the stars on the celestial sphere.
Ecliptic
Spectroscopy
Kuiper belt
shape and color of ELLIPTICAL galaxies
48. The shadow area behind the Earth or Moon where the Sun is completely obscured.
Umbra
Color Index
Eyepiece Lens
zone
49. In an OPEN UNIVERSE - the curvature of space-time is ____ - Parallel beams will converge/diverge/remain parallel (circle one). The density parameter - Ω0 - is____.
Hubble constant
Negative - Diverge - Less than 1
Limb darkening
Roundest orbit
50. Star speed at outer edge of galaxy should begin to diminish - but they dont so we guess that this means there is increasing force (aka dark matter)
Neutron Star
era of recombination
rotation curve = dark matter?
Blackbody Curve
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