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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. In Ptolemy's geocentric solar system - the large circle on which a planet's epicycle moved around the Earth.
deferent
synchronous rotation
MOONS: larger than mercury
Hubble constant
2. The light produced when particles from the sun collide with atmospheric molecules
It does not have to expand into anything. It might just be that the 3 dimensions of space are getting bigger. It may also be that our 3 spatial dimensions are expanding into higher dimensions if such things exist.
aurora
Roundest orbit
Electromagnetic Radiation: Infrared
3. Originially thought to be stars emitting radio radiation but are now concluded to be nuclei of distant galaxies (same as radio galaxies aka emit streams of material)
Bok Globule
Perihelion
quasar
Light Curve
4. Half of the longest diameter across an ellipse
Jupiters red spot
fewest moons
semimajor axis
SETI
5. The mix of pure photon energy that emerged at the start of the universe.
Wein's Law
Jupiters red spot
cosmic fireball
partile horizon
6. In what chemical form are jupiters nitrogen - carbon and oxygen?
synchrotron radiation
The Local Group
Emission Spectrum
Ammonia - methane - and water
7. A word meaning 'the same in all directions.'
molecular clouds
MOONS: most geologically active
Flare
isotropic
8. The average distance between the Earth and the Sun (=1.5 x10^8km)
Astronomical Unit
Enke gap
Apollo asteroids
quasar
9. The science of measuring light energy by wavelength.
Dwarf planets
Yes - frozen at the poles- remains protected from the suns rays
Asymptotic giant Branch Star
Spectroscopy
10. Matter that reveals itself only through its gravitational attraction.
Hydrostatic Equilibrium
aphelion
Radiative Diffusion
dark matter
11. Any change in the speed or direction of an object's motion
Bulge
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
acceleration
Focal Plane
12. The era when the ratio of matter to energy greatly favored matter. (verses radiation dominated universe where it was opaque. Matter is now dominated by gravity not photons)
Colestial Pole
belt
matter dominated universe
Perihelion
13. All wavelengths of light emitted by a blackbody.
Limb darkening
Spectral Lines
Flare
Blackbody Curve
14. Consists of old red stars in slow orbits that plunge through disk and bulge. about 1% are old - round globular clusters.
Halo
Pulsar
Ground State
inferior planets
15. A method of finding a star's distance from its absolute magnitude and spectral type or color.
Synodic Day
partile horizon
Spectroscopic Parallax
Interstellar Extinction
16. A fusion process in which a carbon atom transmutes to oxygen and back - creating a helium atom in the process
Thermonuclear Fusion
Galilean satellite
Granules
CNO Cycle
17. Rich= dense crowded cores of galaxies - poor= few members and a looser organization of galaxies
Rich vs poor clusters
slowest rotation
radio galaxy
Synodic Day
18. Material that shoots rapidly out into space. Flares cause Auroras
MOONS: most geologically active
Flare
Turn off Point
Hubble law
19. When the Moon entirely blocks the Sun.
Differential Rotation
Total Eclipse
asteroid
widmanstatten pattern
20. Form honeycomb like patterns surrounding empty or nearly empty voids.
Oort Cloud
Void
superclusters
Perihelion
21. A collection of comets in the plane of the solar system - located beyond the orbit of Pluto
tectonics of Mars
molecular clouds
Kuiper belt
Interstellar Extinction
22. The larger bodies that formed early in teh solar nebula that were chemically differentiated
Primary Mirror
Make up of the terrestrial planets
CMB
planetesimal
23. A bright area of higher temperature that often proceeds the formation of sunspots.
300000 KM/sec
semimajor axis
Plague
quasar
24. 10 nm 10^2 nm
Dark Matter
If it is in a denser medium - such as glass - it will move slower
Dark matter candidates
Electromagnetic Radiation: X-Ray
25. The location around an atom where an electron resides.
neutrino
belt
Energy Level
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
26. A huge sphere of tenuous gas surrounding the nucleus of a comet
coma
How is winding dilemma solved?
hottest surface
Rich Cluster
27. In Ptolemy's geocentric solar system - the small circle on which a planet moved.
chemical differentiation
epicycle
interstellar dust
thinnest atmosphere
28. The normal eastward movement of a planet against the background of hte distant stars.
direct motion
Metals
Chromosphere
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
29. A spectrum of light with energy at only a few wavelengths.
Supercluster
Light-Year
Open - flat - and closed.
Emission Spectrum
30. The study of the universe as a whole.
radio lobe
Triple Alpha rocess
cosmology
Big Crunch
31. A large and bright but cool star.
synchrotron radiation
Parallax
Red Giant
Flat - Flat
32. Radiation (possibly left over from the big bang) that fills the universe. Perfect black body spectrum and tells us a bit aout how galaxies are formed.
most moons
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
Kuiper belt
Superior planets
33. Massive compact halo objects (MACHO) - weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPY's)
Dark matter candidates
Main Sequence
Titus-Bode Law
Parsec
34. The first rock-sized bodies that formed in the solar nebula from dust grains
Thickest atmosphere
Blackbody
chondrite
gravity
35. The opaque universe that existed for 300000 years after the Big Bang. (photons outnumbered nuclei by 1 billion to one - so less light)
Blackbody
radiation dominated universe
Precession
CNO Cycle
36. A particle of light
Asymptotic giant Branch Star
Photon
We don't know. It might be but does not have to be.
Absolute Magnitude
37. The trapping of heat by carbon dioxide or other gases in the Earth's atmosphere.
greehouse effects
Electromagnetic Radiation: Radio
Bulge
Quasar
38. Ganymede and Titan
Convection
Photon
MOONS: larger than mercury
Zenith
39. A quantity measuring the stability of the Earth's atmosphere
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
Seeing
Cepheid variables
aurora
40. A method of finding a star's distance from its absolute magnitude and spectral type or color.
Dark Matter
Spectroscopic Parallax
Focal Length
regolith
41. A repeated - periodic push or pull capable of summing into a larger push or pull
Refractor
rotation curve = dark matter?
resonance
belt
42. When the Sun is farthest south of the celestial equator (About December 22)
Maria
Winter Solstice
Terrestrial Planets
mass
43. The amount of density needed to stop the universe from expanding and to begin the big crunch represented by Pc
Seyfert galaxy
Photosphere
critical density
Convection
44. Venus
thinnest atmosphere
Io (jupiters moon)
Cosmic Microwave Background
Roundest orbit
45. The seasonal shifting of a nearby star's position relative to more distant objects.
Sc spiral galaxy
Parallax
shape and color of SPIRAL galaxies
Neutron Star
46. A term referring to Earth-like planets
terrestrial planet
Coronal Loop
Poor Cluster
Wein's Law
47. The 11 or 22 period on the sun durin which sunspots increase - decrease - change polarity - increase and decrease again.
Sunspot cycle
Electromagnetic Radiation
Thermonuclear Fusion
Inverse Square Law
48. A small spherical dark nebula
era of recombination
H-are Diagram
coma
Bok Globule
49. The assumption that the universe is isotropic (same in all directions) and homogeneous (Same everywhere throughout)
cosmological principle
2 Reasons Why there are Supermassive Black holes at the center of every Galaxy
reflection star clusters
Gravitational Lens
50. Latin for 'cloud'. A word used to describe the collections of gas and dust in the Milky Way and other galaxies
E=mc2
Seyfert galaxy
Nebula
Pixel