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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A particle of light.
Light Gathering Power
Roundest orbit
Photon
Black Hole
2. Centered on the sun.
Geocentric
Heliocentric
Red Giant Branch Star
Emission Spectrum
3. 1-orbit aroudn the sun 2- are in hydrostatic equilibrium and 'mostly round' 3- have not cleared debris around its orbit 4- are not satellites
Limb darkening
Perihelion
direct motion
Dwarf planets
4. A term referring to Earth-like planets
terrestrial planet
radio galaxy
Maria
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
5. A small spherical dark nebula
fastest rotation
radiation pressure
Bok Globule
Kuiper belt
6. The elementary building blocks from which protons and neutrons are formed.
differential rotation
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
Kirkwood gaps
quarks
7. The dark - relativley smooth areas on the moon; Latin for sea
Maria
Photosphere
Sunspots
terrestrial planet
8. Large nebula consisting of very cold gas and dust
Molecular Clouds
Coldest surface
Photosphere
plate tectonics
9. The distance a moon can be from a planet before shattering from tidal forces
most eccentric orbit
Galilean satellite
roche limit
Seeing
10. A very dense - highly populated cluster of galaxies
Rich Cluster
Geocentric
open star clusters
Supercluster
11. The number of protons in an atom.
Atomic Number
matter dominated universe
Asymptotic giant Branch Star
Perihelion
12. The particle horizon is the farthest we can see. It exists because the universe had a beginning and thus a definite age. Light from distances farther away from the particle horizon have not had time to reach us yet.
meteoriod
Particle Horizon
Refractor
Sunspot cycle
13. The point where a superior planet is as far away from the sun as it can be (as seen from the Earth)
Winter Solstice
opposition
nucleus
Terrestrial Planets
14. What do we think the actual fate of the universe will be and why do we think this?
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
quasar
Nova
radio lobe
15. The line on an H-are diagram going from upper left to lower right where normal stars of different masses reside.
It does not have to expand into anything. It might just be that the 3 dimensions of space are getting bigger. It may also be that our 3 spatial dimensions are expanding into higher dimensions if such things exist.
matter dominated universe
Main Sequence
Differential Rotation
16. The family of radiant energy that includes light as a subset
Sunspot cycle
Electromagnetic Radiation
Electron
CCD
17. How did Earth come to have an oxygen rich atmosphere?
Degeneracy
evidence of water on mars
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
neutrino
18. When material is heated and moves taking the heat energy with it
Big Bang
shape and color of SPIRAL galaxies
Convection
Open - flat - and closed.
19. The oldest terrain on the moon
Coronal Loop
Milky way Galaxy
highlands
Hyashi track
20. Ganymede
SETI
MOONS: largest size
bulge
inferior planets
21. The point in its orbit where a planet is farthest from the sun
White Dwarf
aphelion
Coronal Loop
Wein's Law
22. Arcs of increased mass concentration that slow stars and gas down as they orbit through which cause the formation of stars.
OB Associations
density waves
radiation dominated universe
Void
23. The dimming of starlight by intervening dust
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
Interstellar Extinction
anorthosite
jovian
24. Disk dust grains are made of all the elements that are not in gaseous form in space which blocks starlight and causes interstellar extinction
Europa (Jupiters moon)
critical density
interstellar dust
Light-Year
25. The sinking of denser elements to the center of a young molten planet
Electromagnetic Radiation: Radio
Extrasolar Planet
Titus-Bode Law
chemical differentiation
26. A spread of light with an uninterrupted wavelength distribution of energy.
Eyepiece Lens
Continuous Spectrum
Nova
cosmic fireball
27. Dark - reddish - low-pressure bands in Jupiter's atmosphere
scarp
belt
most moons
Big Crunch
28. In Ptolemy's geocentric solar system - the large circle on which a planet's epicycle moved around the Earth.
Lagrangian Razor
deferent
Perihelion
conjunction
29. The era when the ratio of matter to energy greatly favored matter. (verses radiation dominated universe where it was opaque. Matter is now dominated by gravity not photons)
Earth resurfaces itself due to erosion and plate tectonics - while the moon has neither.
Total Eclipse
Color Index
matter dominated universe
30. The fate of the universe if it is closed. The universe expanding as much as possible and then retracting
radiation dominated universe
Electromagnetic Radiation
Sunspots
Big Crunch
31. The universe is isotropic - homogeneous - and without beginning or end in time and space. If the universe is truly homogeneous then every line of sight will eventually end on a galaxy. If it has existed forever then there has been enough time for lig
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32. The normal eastward movement of a planet against the background of hte distant stars.
Cepheid Variable
Light Pollution
Flare
direct motion
33. Plate tectonics due to thickness of crust and maintain their general form when they collide-where most volcanoes are.
Cassini division
dark energy
MOONS: most geologically active
tectonics of Earth
34. A large and bright but cool star.
Occam's razor
The Big Bang Theory resolves Olber's Paradox
Turn off Point
Red Giant
35. The oldest part of the Milky Way
cosmological red shift
Kuiper belt
Halo
Dark matter candidates
36. 10^2 nm 10^7 nm
Density Wave
Spectral Lines
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
Reflector
37. When a planet lines up with the sun inthe sky
Density Wave
conjunction
Instability strip
Total Eclipse
38. A faint - remarkably uniform distribution of radiation in space
Horizontal Branch Star
Wein's Law
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
Cosmic Microwave Background
39. Jupiter
most moons
fewest moons
gravity
Convection
40. When one side of a body always faces the planet it revolves around
Celestial Sphere
synchronous rotation
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
disk
41. A star that erratically and explosively brightens and dims
Nova
Thermal Equilibrium
reflection star clusters
Inverse Square Law
42. The displacement of spectral lines to redder colors caused by the expansion of the universe.
3 reasons we orbit satellites to observe universe
Ionization
cosmological red shift
belt
43. An efficient - two-dimensional electronic light detector. Common in digital cameras - they revolutionized astronomical imaging
CCD
dark matter
Shepherd satellite
Largest diameter
44. A crystalline patter found in iron meteorites
widmanstatten pattern
Flat - Flat
Wein's Law
Autumnal Equinox
45. An evolved star - past the helium flash that is burning helium to carbon in it's cores
Flocculent spirals
Drake equation
Horizontal Branch Star
Jupiters red spot
46. The 11 or 22 period on the sun durin which sunspots increase - decrease - change polarity - increase and decrease again.
Interstellar Extinction
Sunspot cycle
White Dwarf
asteroid
47. The equation that describes how matter equates with energy
accretion
E=mc2
direct motion
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
48. The organization of clusters of galaxies into sheets and strings
Supercluster
Jovian Planets
Umbra
planetesimal
49. A collection of galaxies like the one the Milky Way belongs to
Cassini division
Poor Cluster
Sa spiral galaxy
tectonics of Mars
50. The linear correlation between the rate of the expansion of the universe and distance. Says that as galaxies get farther away in space - the speed with which they recede from us increases. So we can measure the amount of recessional velocity and use
great red spot
Hubble law
widmanstatten pattern
radiation dominated universe