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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Venus
Hipparchus
aurora
hottest surface
Photosphere
2. The seasonal shifting of a nearby star's position relative to more distant objects.
meteoriod
Dark matter candidates
Parallax
Negative - Diverge - Less than 1
3. A spinning neutron star
synchrotron radiation
Pulsar
Light: travels like a wave - detected like a particle
MOONS: larger than mercury
4. Light-colored high-pressure bands in Jupiter's atmosphere
Radiative Diffusion
Chandrasekhar Limit
shape and color of SPIRAL galaxies
zone
5. A small and dim but hot star.
meteor shower
Oort Cloud
White Dwarf
Electromagnetic Radiation: Infrared
6. A particle of light
Photon
H-are Diagram
High Velocity Stars
SETI
7. Is there water on the moon?
Cepheid Variable
Cassini division
opposition
Yes - frozen at the poles- remains protected from the suns rays
8. A star that is burning hydrogen to helium in a shell surrounding it's core
Particle Horizon
regolith
Nowhere visible to us. If there are higher dimension then the center would be visible to someone who lives in one. If there are no higher dimensions then the center does not exist.
Red Giant Branch Star
9. The law that describes the blackbody curve - and let to quantum mechanics.
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10. When particles are compressed to an unnatural state where their pressure is not related to their temperature
interstellar dust
Degeneracy
Annular Eclipse
Rich vs poor clusters
11. The fusion process that turns three helium nuclei into a carbon nucleus
CMB
Nova
MOONS: most geologically active
Triple Alpha rocess
12. When one side of a body always faces the planet it revolves around
Absolute Magnitude
Spectral Lines
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
synchronous rotation
13. Disk dust grains are made of all the elements that are not in gaseous form in space which blocks starlight and causes interstellar extinction
Steady State Theory (Leads to Olber's Paradox)
meteor
asteroid
interstellar dust
14. Highlands: rocks are made of lighter anorthosite (similar to old earth rocks) Maria: rocks made of heavy mare basalt (volcanic rock) everywhere else is loose regolith created by meteoric impact.
Hubble constant
Planck time
fastest rotation
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
15. Sc galaxies where star formation and destruction is so rapid that supernova explosions are mainly responsible for compressing gas to create new stars.
dark matter
Prominence
Degeneracy
self-propagating star formation
16. Galaxies whose nuclei emit jets of materil at high speeds. material comes from supermassive black holes
Cosmic Microwave Background
Thermal Equilibrium
Planetary Nebula
radio galaxy
17. A very low mass particle formed in solar fusion reactions that reacts only weakly with matter
neutrino
standard candle
Population 1 vs Population 2 stars
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
18. The rotation of a star or planet at different speeds at its equator and poles
nucleus
Black Hole
differential rotation
Atomic Number
19. The act of removing an electron from an atom.
cosmology
Yes - frozen at the poles- remains protected from the suns rays
Ionization
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
20. The class of all objects having high energy radiation coming from their nuclei. Active Galactic Nucleus- Blazars - Quasars - Radio and Emit synchrotron radiation
Electromagnetic Radiation: Infrared
AGN
superclusters
belt
21. A continuous spectrum of light missing energy at a few wave lengths.
Planck time
Absorption Spectrum
Ganymede (Jupiter)
differential rotation
22. The state of having a balance between inward and outard pressures in a gas--the inward force from gravity is balanced by the outward force from heat.
era of recombination
radiant
nova
Hydrostatic Equilibrium
23. Stars orvits do not define the spiral patterns - instead they are density waves that move at slower speeds (arms are defined by young O and B stars and gas clouds)
Electromagnetic Radiation: Microwave
How is winding dilemma solved?
aurora
fewest moons
24. A star that is burning hydrogen to helium in a shell surrounding it's core
Summer Solstice
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
Red Giant Branch Star
Light Gathering Power
25. The opaque universe that existed for 300000 years after the Big Bang. (photons outnumbered nuclei by 1 billion to one - so less light)
belt
Autumnal Equinox
Chromosphere
radiation dominated universe
26. The organized effort to find life elsewhere in the universe. (Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence)
open star clusters
Plank's Law
SETI
Main Sequence
27. A measure of the seasonal shifting of a star's position against farther stars or galaxies. The closer the star - the greater is the angular distance it shifts. We use it to find distances to stars that are up to 1000 pc away.
Parallax
conjunction
Bulge
MOONS: roundest shape
28. The study of the universe as a whole.
Poor Cluster
cosmology
acceleration
Bok Globule
29. After stars form they pump light energy into surrounding gas causing it to heat up and glow (H2=ionized hydrogen - H1= neutral hydrogen in molcular couds)
Largest diameter
H2 Regions
Synchrotron Rotation
accretion disk
30. An empirical scheme for predictin ghe orbital distances of planets
Gamma-ray Burst
Electromagnetic Radiation: Radio
Titus-Bode Law
Rich vs poor clusters
31. A small round distribution of gas surrounding a dying star
Sc spiral galaxy
Planetary Nebula
Plank's Law
Chromosphere
32. A star without enough mass to begin hydrogen fusion
Brown dwarf
opposition
Umbra
Synodic Day
33. The law stating that hotter blackbodies look bluer than cooler blackbodies.
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34. 1. We see rapid movements or high energy radiation coming at some level from the nuclei of nearly every galaxy we have looked at. 2. We suspect that the creation of these supermassive black holes is part of the galaxy formation process.
evidence of water on mars
Red Giant
2 Reasons Why there are Supermassive Black holes at the center of every Galaxy
Largest diameter
35. Matter that reveals itself only through its gravitational attraction
Absorption Spectrum
Oort cloud
Superior planets
Dark Matter
36. Ganymede
dark matter
MOONS: largest size
Disk
rotation curve=winding dilemma?
37. Very center of galaxy. suggestion of a black hole
Hydrostatic Equilibrium
radiant
quarks
nucleus
38. Collections of young - hot stars
Void
terrestrial planet
Flocculent spirals
OB Associations
39. The north-south line passing directly overhead through the zenith.
Meridian
isotropic
Convection
Earth resurfaces itself due to erosion and plate tectonics - while the moon has neither.
40. Earth
Most dense
isotropic
inferior planets
Main Sequence Stars
41. The Big Bang was not an explosion of matter into empty space - like the explosion of a bomb. Instead - it was an emergence of space and time filled with pure energy where before none of this was present. The point from which is emerged is called the
Nebula
Cassini division
The Big Bang Theory
Synchrotron Rotation
42. A star that is in the process of forming. It glows from gravitational contraction
protostar
Nebula
How is winding dilemma solved?
supernova
43. A nearby galaxy with a quasar-like nucleus. closer but less bright than quasars-weaker
Seyfert galaxy
Dark Matter
Sb spiral galaxy
tectonics of Venus
44. A galaxy sending out a stream of material from its nucleus
Flare
tectonics of Mars
Turn off Point
Radio Galaxy
45. Material that shoots rapidly out into space. Flares cause Auroras
Open Cluster
Flare
hottest surface
Yes - frozen at the poles- remains protected from the suns rays
46. A term referring to Earth-like planets
radio lobe
Black Hole
Pixel
terrestrial planet
47. The lens that gathers the light in a refractor
most eccentric orbit
Objective Lens
Stephen-Boltzman Law
Pixel
48. A large and bright but cool star.
The Big Bang Theory
Hubble constant
Red Giant
Disk
49. Finding a star's absolute magnitude from it's placement on an HR diagram. After finding the absolute magnitude - we measure the apparent magnitude - for a distance modulus and use this to find the distance. This method is good for finding distances t
Light Gathering Power
meteoriod
Spectroscopic parallax
Celestial Equator
50. The slow wobble of the Earth on its rotation axis.
Disk
planetesimal
Precession
quasar