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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
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Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Ganymede and Titan
Cosmological Principle
zone
Triple Alpha rocess
MOONS: larger than mercury
2. A very distant - star-like object with huge - broad emission lines. Probably the nucleus of a distant active galaxy.
Nebula
quasar
Radiative Diffusion
great dark spots
3. The place in the sky that the Earth's axis points toward (can be either north or south)
Cepheid variables
Colestial Pole
Differential Rotation
Emission Spectrum
4. In a FLAT UNIVERSE(our universe) - the curvature of space-time is ________. Parallel beams will converge/diverge/remain parallel (circle one). The density parameter - Ω0 - is _____.
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
Instability strip
Perihelion
Celestial Sphere
5. Saying that the sky should not get dark at night because all lines of sight end on a star meaning that the night sky should be ablaze BUT the big bang - because the universe had a beginning - says that the sky gets dark because out in space - galaxie
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6. An element of a highly efficient - two-dimensional electronic light detector
Inverse Square Law
shape and color of ELLIPTICAL galaxies
Pixel
Trojan asteroids
7. The mirror that determines the focus configuration of a reflector
How is winding dilemma solved?
How is winding dilemma solved?
Secondary Mirror
highlands
8. The distance between a lens and its focal plane
radio galaxy
condensation temperature
Focal Length
thinnest atmosphere
9. Any change in the speed or direction of an object's motion
scarp
acceleration
Continuous Spectrum
matter dominated universe
10. A perfect absorber and radiator of electromagnetic radiation.
Open - flat - and closed.
Astronomical Unit
Blackbody
Cassini division
11. A measure of the force of gravity on an object
Light: travels like a wave - detected like a particle
Density Wave
weight
The Local Group
12. Poitns of gravitational stability in the orbit of a planet
Meridian
accretion
meteor shower
Lagrangian Razor
13. The entity responsible for spiral arms in grand-design spiral galaxies
inferior planets
Absolute Magnitude
Density Wave
Continuous Spectrum
14. A nearby galaxy with a quasar-like nucleus. closer but less bright than quasars-weaker
force
Seyfert galaxy
Primary Mirror
Ecliptic
15. A galaxy emitting large amounts of energy at long wavelengths.
fewest moons
homogeneous
Sb spiral galaxy
radio galaxy
16. The instant of time after the Big Bang when space and time obtained their characteristics. (t=10^-43 sec when gravity freezes out-instant when gravity started existing as a separate force)
Spectral Lines
superclusters
Perihelion
Planck time
17. A particle of light.
Photon
nova
Planetary Nebula
great dark spots
18. After stars form they pump light energy into surrounding gas causing it to heat up and glow (H2=ionized hydrogen - H1= neutral hydrogen in molcular couds)
weight
H2 Regions
terrestrial planet
reflection star clusters
19. Matter that reveals itself only through its gravitational attraction
asteroid
Dark Matter
Radio Galaxy
How is winding dilemma solved?
20. The final end state of a high mass star. .An entity for which gravity has completely overwhelmed all other forces of nature.
Light-Year
density parameter
Ionization
Black Hole
21. Mercury and venus
fewest moons
fastest rotation
shape and color of ELLIPTICAL galaxies
Olber's paradox
22. Highlands: rocks are made of lighter anorthosite (similar to old earth rocks) Maria: rocks made of heavy mare basalt (volcanic rock) everywhere else is loose regolith created by meteoric impact.
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
Proton-proton chain
Flat - Flat
Astronomical Unit
23. The line on an H-are diagram going from upper left to lower right where normal stars of different masses reside.
Main Sequence
2 Reasons Why there are Supermassive Black holes at the center of every Galaxy
highlands
Parallax
24. Moon in less than the angular diameter of the Sun.
era of recombination
Maria
roche limit
Annular Eclipse
25. The oldest part of the Milky Way
Halo
differential rotation
Metals
Hubble law
26. Extends to a distance of 50000AU. Same objects as in the Kuiper belt-when they fall in toward the sun they become comets. Debris from comets hitting the Earths atmosphere cause meteor showers.
Oort Cloud
Sunspots
The Local Group
Proton-proton chain
27. We can infer the absolute magnitude of pulsating variable stars by measuring their pulsation periods. The longer the pulsations - the greater their luminosities. We then again measure their apparent magnitudes - compare it with their absolute magnitu
Open - flat - and closed.
Self-Propogating Star Formation
Ground State
Cepheid variables
28. The particle horizon is the farthest we can see. It exists because the universe had a beginning and thus a definite age. Light from distances farther away from the particle horizon have not had time to reach us yet.
Particle Horizon
Focal Plane
Big Bang
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
29. The rock that makes up the lunar maria
Planck time
Open Cluster
Cosmological Principle
mare basalt
30. The location in an H-are diagram of a star cluster - where stars have just left the main sequence. Used to estimate the cluster age.
Seeing
Thickest atmosphere
Turn off Point
Steady State Theory (Leads to Olber's Paradox)
31. An element of a highly efficient - two-dimensional electronic light detector
retrograde motion
Cepheid variables
Pixel
H-are Diagram
32. 10 cm -> 1 mm
Electromagnetic Radiation: Microwave
Synodic Day
The Local Group
open star clusters
33. The gap etween saturn's A and B rings
Astronomical Unit
bulge
Cassini division
Density Wave
34. A measure of the seasonal shifting of a star's position against farther stars or galaxies. The closer the star - the greater is the angular distance it shifts. We use it to find distances to stars that are up to 1000 pc away.
slowest rotation
Vernal Equinox
Parallax
deferent
35. Largest moon in solar system - two differenet types of terrain - darker terrain is older - NOT ACTIVE SURFACE
Geocentric
Ganymede (Jupiter)
chemical differentiation
Nucleus
36. A star that erratically and explosively brightens and dims
homogeneous
cosmic fireball
Nova
disk
37. When a planet lines up with the sun inthe sky
conjunction
Particle Horizon
radiant
density waves
38. The layer of the sun just above the photosphere
Drake equation
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
Rich vs poor clusters
Chromosphere
39. When the Sun is farthest north of the celestial equator (about June 22)
roche limit
Planetary Nebula
Geocentric
Summer Solstice
40. A representation of the changes in color and brightness of an evolving protostar.
Corona
most moons
matter dominated universe
Hyashi track
41. A collection of galaxies like the one the Milky Way belongs to
Brown dwarf
Ecliptic
Poor Cluster
quasar
42. 1μm 100 nm
How is winding dilemma solved?
MOONS: roundest shape
Electromagnetic Radiation: Visible Light
Galilean satellite
43. Europa
Photometry
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
MOONS: roundest shape
Granules
44. The mix of pure photon energy that emerged at the start of the universe.
Flat - Flat
cosmic fireball
meteorite
great red spot
45. Saturn
least dense
Superior planets
H2 Regions
Seeing
46. A large and bright but cool star.
mapping the structure of Milky Way disk
Disk
Maria
Red Giant
47. The state of having a balance between inflowing and outflowing heat-- the temp at every radial point is different but constant
open star clusters
Thermal Equilibrium
Light: travels like a wave - detected like a particle
shape and color of ELLIPTICAL galaxies
48. A collection of comets in the plane of the solar system - located beyond the orbit of Pluto
Light Gathering Power
tectonics of Venus
How is winding dilemma solved?
Kuiper belt
49. Ganymede
MOONS: largest size
Filament
density
Density Wave
50. 10 nm 10^2 nm
Hubble constant
tectonics of Earth
Electromagnetic Radiation: X-Ray
Globular Cluster
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