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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A change in the appearance of the sun at the edge of the solar disk
self-propagating star formation
Limb darkening
Plague
retrograde motion
2. Long - meandering cliff formed when a planet surface cools and shrinks
great dark spots
semimajor axis
Absolute Magnitude
scarp
3. The displacement of spectral lines to redder colors caused by the expansion of the universe.
Cepheid Variable
Halo
Sunspot cycle
cosmological red shift
4. Earth
Density Wave
Doppler Shift
Most dense
thinnest atmosphere
5. A fusion process in which protons build together to form helium
Quasar
Electromagnetic Radiation: Microwave
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
Proton-proton chain
6. The part of the Milky way that has on-going star formation
Disk
Largest diameter
Cosmological Principle
Synchrotron Rotation
7. As open clusters age - they push gas away but dust remains this can reflect light giving the cluster a blue-ish color. also called reflection nebula
reflection star clusters
Radio Galaxy
Parsec
deferent
8. A point in the sky where meteors appear to come from during a shower
supermassive black hole
radiant
Steady State Theory (Leads to Olber's Paradox)
Earth resurfaces itself due to erosion and plate tectonics - while the moon has neither.
9. An energetic event taking place in the early universe
Photon
fastest rotation
Thermonuclear Fusion
Gamma-ray Burst
10. Light-colored high-pressure bands in Jupiter's atmosphere
The Local Group
Photosphere
zone
Light Curve
11. The law that syas light energy from a blackbody increases as (temperature^4)
density waves
Emission Spectrum
Nebula
Stephen-Boltzman Law
12. Thick rigid crust - no longer has plate tectonics but still has convective hot spots that create earth-like volcanoes except that last for billions of years because of lack of tectonics.
Nova
Galilean satellite
tectonics of Mars
accretion
13. Mercury
Sunspots
smallest diameter
Sunspots
solar nebula
14. Heavier elements such as iron - silicon - magnesium - sulfer - nickel
synchronous rotation
Make up of the terrestrial planets
Geocentric
Dark Matter
15. The entity responsible for spiral arms in grand-design spiral galaxies
Reflector
Density Wave
Limb darkening
Light Pollution
16. Finding a star's absolute magnitude from it's placement on an HR diagram. After finding the absolute magnitude - we measure the apparent magnitude - for a distance modulus and use this to find the distance. This method is good for finding distances t
Spectroscopic parallax
Red Giant Branch Star
Parallax
Differential Rotation
17. The dark - relativley smooth areas on the moon; Latin for sea
Maria
asteroid
If it is in a denser medium - such as glass - it will move slower
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
18. The dark - relativley smooth areas on the moon; Latin for sea
Electromagnetic Radiation: Ultraviolet Light
Maria
Spectroscopic parallax
Milky way Galaxy
19. The source of the force that is accelerating the expansion rate of the universe.
self-propagating star formation
dark energy
Kuiper belt
Jovian Planets
20. The 'edge' of the universe. Light beyond this has not reached us yet.
partile horizon
era of recombination
Wein's Law
Light Gathering Power
21. The temp at which a substance in the vacuum of space solidifies
MOONS: largest size
300000 KM/sec
Light Gathering Power
condensation temperature
22. A star that has become a red giant for the second and final time. It is burning helium to carbon in a shell surrounding the core
Ammonia - methane - and water
Neutron Star
Asymptotic giant Branch Star
slowest rotation
23. A telescope that uses mirrors to focus light
opposition
quasar
Reflector
Nucleus
24. What Ole Roemer used to measure the speed of light in a vacuum
weight
Annular Eclipse
Apollo asteroids
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
25. Earth
Most dense
Self-Propogating Star Formation
Synchrotron Rotation
Parallax
26. The entity from which the whole universe is postulated to have come from.
Gamma ray bursts
cosmic singularity
SETI
Most dense
27. A planet that is closer to the sun than the earth
inferior planets
radiant
radiant
Open - flat - and closed.
28. The number of protons in an atom.
Atomic Number
Open - flat - and closed.
Parallax
scarp
29. Flattened spherical distribution of old stars with some young stars too. 'hub' of Milky way - stars orbit with solid body speeds. Elongated into bar shape
bulge
Red Giant
regolith
Cepheid Variable
30. Arcs of increased mass concentration that slow stars and gas down as they orbit through which cause the formation of stars.
chondrite
density waves
Rich vs poor clusters
acceleration
31. The force of attraction between any two objects having mass
molecular clouds
gravity
Bok Globule
Poor Cluster
32. A star that blows itself apart
The Big Bang Theory resolves Olber's Paradox
Photometry
Supernova (You can be my supernova girl)
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
33. Rich= dense crowded cores of galaxies - poor= few members and a looser organization of galaxies
disk
Apparent Magnitude
synchrotron radiation
Rich vs poor clusters
34. Consists of old red stars in slow orbits that plunge through disk and bulge. about 1% are old - round globular clusters.
Europa (Jupiters moon)
Electromagnetic Radiation: Infrared
Electron
Halo
35. The science of measuring light energy by wavelength.
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
shape and color of SPIRAL galaxies
Spectroscopy
smallest diameter
36. A subatomic particle with a negative charge. It creates light.
Supernova (You can be my supernova girl)
Electron
Black Hole
Black Hole
37. The location in an H-are diagram of a star cluster - where stars have just left the main sequence. Used to estimate the cluster age.
Synchrotron Rotation
Turn off Point
Wein's Law
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
38. The particle horizon is the farthest we can see. It exists because the universe had a beginning and thus a definite age. Light from distances farther away from the particle horizon have not had time to reach us yet.
Particle Horizon
Negative - Diverge - Less than 1
roche limit
cosmic singularity
39. Material that shoots rapidly out into space. Flares cause Auroras
Rich Cluster
cosmic singularity
most eccentric orbit
Flare
40. A toroidal or donut-shaped collection of material attracted to a central body like a star or black hole. Dust around an object
Sc spiral galaxy
mass
most moons
accretion disk
41. A perfect absorber and radiator of electromagnetic radiation.
SETI
Earth resurfaces itself due to erosion and plate tectonics - while the moon has neither.
Flare
Blackbody
42. Ancient stream channels - flood planes - and sedimentary-type rock. Frozen water is found in the polar ice caps and in the soil.
evidence of water on mars
Granules
Steady State Theory (Leads to Olber's Paradox)
Coldest surface
43. Where is the center of the expansion
Electromagnetic Radiation: Ultraviolet Light
Pulsar
Hydrostatic Equilibrium
Nowhere visible to us. If there are higher dimension then the center would be visible to someone who lives in one. If there are no higher dimensions then the center does not exist.
44. The dimming of starlight by intervening dust
Superior planets
The Big Bang Theory resolves Olber's Paradox
Interstellar Extinction
Eyepiece Lens
45. Dying large-mass stars lose their outer layers in a violent explosion creating large - chaotic remnants. these brighten like nova but are so much brighter and only occur ONCE PER STAR
Enke gap
supernova
H-are Diagram
Ionization
46. How is the Hubble Law consistent with an expanding universe?
MOONS: most geologically active
synchronous rotation
In an expanding universe all galaxies see all other galaxies that are not gravitationally bound to them receding away. This is what we see in the Hubble Law. We infer that the Hubble law also holds true for all other galaxies.
Population 1 vs Population 2 stars
47. When particles are compressed to an unnatural state where their pressure is not related to their temperature
synchrotron radiation
Dwarf planets
Degeneracy
semimajor axis
48. When one side of a body always faces the planet it revolves around
synchronous rotation
density parameter
Cepheid Variable
Supercluster
49. A term referring to the orbital character of stars near the Sun
OB Associations
Differential Rotation
evidence of water on mars
Proton-proton chain
50. Hot cells of gas that rise and fall in the hotosphere
Gravitational Lens
Granules
homogeneous
anorthosite