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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
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Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The average distance between the Earth and the Sun (=1.5 x10^8km)
Plague
AGN
Thermonuclear Fusion
Astronomical Unit
2. The dimming of starlight by intervening dust
Synodic Day
Interstellar Extinction
self-propagating star formation
Yes - frozen at the poles- remains protected from the suns rays
3. Possible Fates of the Universe
most eccentric orbit
Continuous Spectrum
resonance
Gravity only pulls matter back together. Therefore - if gravity is the only force that operates on cosmic scales then the expansion of the universe should decrease with time. The critical density is the value of matter density sufficient to halt the
4. A highly variable galaxy nucleus of which BL Lac is one. Their light is highly energetic and their spectra are featureless. (face on)
Grand design spirals
Rich Cluster
scarp
blazar
5. Formed from slow rotating clouds - collapsed quicker - initial star formation rate is high but died out - older - little rotation - look redder
shape and color of ELLIPTICAL galaxies
Sa spiral galaxy
Cassini division
Kirkwood gaps
6. The lowest energy of an atom.
Ground State
Dwarf planets
great dark spots
Cepheid Variable
7. That which is responsible for Jupiter's magnetic field
CCD
dark matter
Refractor
Liquid metallic hydrogen
8. Why does the earth have few craters while the moon has many?
asteroid
Black Hole
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
Earth resurfaces itself due to erosion and plate tectonics - while the moon has neither.
9. A massive variable star used to find distances to the galaxies or clusters that contain them.
meteor shower
Cepheid Variable
Triple Alpha rocess
Population 1 vs Population 2 stars
10. An element of a highly efficient - two-dimensional electronic light detector
Pixel
The Big Bang Theory
weight
Neutron Star
11. The gap inthe outer portion of Saturn's A ring
Enke gap
High Velocity Stars
evidence of water on mars
Prominence
12. Relativity predicts that nothing can travel faster than the speed of light in a vacuum - How can it move slower?
Thickest atmosphere
Color Index
meteor
If it is in a denser medium - such as glass - it will move slower
13. A star fusing hydrogen to helium in it's core
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
direct motion
fastest rotation
Main Sequence Stars
14. A star that blows itself apart
Supernova (You can be my supernova girl)
Thickest atmosphere
Continuous Spectrum
chondrite
15. The mass of an object divided by its volume
scarp
radiation dominated universe
density
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
16. A phenomenon seen when the Earth passes through the orbit of a burned out comet
Oort cloud
Pixel
High Velocity Stars
meteor shower
17. What Ole Roemer used to measure the speed of light in a vacuum
Plague
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
Inverse Square Law
Kuiper belt
18. What is the universe expanding into?
Spectroscopy
It does not have to expand into anything. It might just be that the 3 dimensions of space are getting bigger. It may also be that our 3 spatial dimensions are expanding into higher dimensions if such things exist.
Electromagnetic Radiation: Visible Light
Kuiper belt
19. Distribution of dust (tells us disk is thin) - find distances to O&B stars and H2 regions (arms are sights of star formation and OB stars live and die at location of birth) -Milky way has four arms. Sun is in spur apart from arms.
Electromagnetic Radiation: Microwave
mapping the structure of Milky Way disk
supernova
Eyepiece Lens
20. The process responsible for creating the arms of flocculent spiral galaxies
Thickest atmosphere
Self-Propogating Star Formation
Nucleus
Largest diameter
21. Distribution of dust (tells us disk is thin) - find distances to O&B stars and H2 regions (arms are sights of star formation and OB stars live and die at location of birth) -Milky way has four arms. Sun is in spur apart from arms.
mapping the structure of Milky Way disk
Largest diameter
Umbra
2 Reasons Why there are Supermassive Black holes at the center of every Galaxy
22. Stars fromt he Halo that have drifted into the disk. as earth zooms past them in a faster orbit they appear to be going backward very fast
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
Electromagnetic Radiation: Radio
High Velocity Stars
Chandrasekhar Limit
23. A perfect absorber and radiator of electromagnetic radiation.
accretion
Blackbody
Ammonia - methane - and water
regolith
24. Dying small mass stars lose their outer layers in a relatively gentle way - creating a round or bipolar nebula about the star (round like planets)
Perihelion
radio lobe
Electromagnetic Radiation: X-Ray
planetary nebula
25. 10 nm 10^2 nm
shape and color of ELLIPTICAL galaxies
Wein's Law
Electromagnetic Radiation: X-Ray
Coldest surface
26. In a FLAT UNIVERSE(our universe) - the curvature of space-time is ________. Parallel beams will converge/diverge/remain parallel (circle one). The density parameter - Ω0 - is _____.
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
Apparent Magnitude
Spectroscopy
Precession
27. Old - pock marked - icy surface - interior is not differentiated - geologically dead - NOT ACTIVE SURFACE
radiation pressure
Void
Callisto (Jupiter)
Cosmic Microwave Background
28. Then the Sun moves from north to south across the celestial equator (about September 23)
greehouse effects
Autumnal Equinox
Astronomical Unit
Black Hole
29. Dying small mass stars lose their outer layers in a relatively gentle way - creating a round or bipolar nebula about the star (round like planets)
direct motion
It does not have to expand into anything. It might just be that the 3 dimensions of space are getting bigger. It may also be that our 3 spatial dimensions are expanding into higher dimensions if such things exist.
Emission Spectrum
planetary nebula
30. The surface of the sun
Photosphere
condensation temperature
force
Plague
31. A star that erratically and explosively brightens and dims
Dark matter candidates
mare basalt
Nova
Occam's razor
32. A technique using computer-controlled mirrors to sharpen images distorted by the atmosphere
CNO Cycle
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
Active Optics
terrestrial planet
33. The force of attraction between any two objects having mass
aurora
gravity
Photosphere
Ammonia - methane - and water
34. A rock or iron specimen that has fallen from space
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
Gravity only pulls matter back together. Therefore - if gravity is the only force that operates on cosmic scales then the expansion of the universe should decrease with time. The critical density is the value of matter density sufficient to halt the
meteorite
H2 Regions
35. When the Moon entirely blocks the Sun.
Thickest atmosphere
Total Eclipse
Occam's razor
molecular clouds
36. Sa - Sb galaxies where two magnificent arms wind their way from nucleus out in a symmetrical manner.
Grand design spirals
Meridian
scarp
Brown dwarf
37. Half of the longest diameter across an ellipse
semimajor axis
Parallax
fastest rotation
Thermal Equilibrium
38. A galaxy emitting large amounts of energy at long wavelengths.
radio galaxy
direct motion
Blackbody
asteroid
39. The state of having a balance between inward and outard pressures in a gas--the inward force from gravity is balanced by the outward force from heat.
Focal Plane
H-are Diagram
Parsec
Hydrostatic Equilibrium
40. Jupiter
Electromagnetic Radiation: Microwave
most moons
Self-Propogating Star Formation
density waves
41. A two-filter measure of the color - and hence temperature - of a star.
Color Index
reflection star clusters
slowest rotation
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
42. A high-pressure bulge in Neptune's southern hemisphere
E=mc2
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
great dark spots
Focal Plane
43. The lens in a telescope used to determine the magnification
Supernova (You can be my supernova girl)
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
Asymptotic giant Branch Star
Eyepiece Lens
44. The point where an inferior planet is as far away from the sun as it can be (as seen from the Earth)
greatest elongation
homogeneous
Umbra
CNO Cycle
45. When massive objects bend space and time enough to create multiple images of an object located behind them
Gravitational Lens
Gamma ray bursts
Parsec
jovian
46. Dark areas on the sun that are cooler than the surrounding photosphere
Light Curve
Sunspots
density waves
Cosmological Principle
47. The rock that makes up the lunar maria
mare basalt
Yes - frozen at the poles- remains protected from the suns rays
Kuiper belt
Autumnal Equinox
48. The era when the ratio of matter to energy greatly favored matter. (verses radiation dominated universe where it was opaque. Matter is now dominated by gravity not photons)
slowest rotation
Colestial Pole
matter dominated universe
Planetary Nebula
49. The oldest grouping of stars - found in the galaxy halo
Gamma ray bursts
Vernal Equinox
Drake equation
Globular Cluster
50. Norhern lowlands- darker in color and have far fewer craters as if an ancient sea or ice field covered them. southern highlands- much higher in density of craters.
Summer Solstice
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
terrestrial planet
Milky way Galaxy
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