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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A particle of light.
Halo
tectonics of Venus
self-propagating star formation
Photon
2. An element of a highly efficient - two-dimensional electronic light detector
Horizontal Branch Star
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
Trojan asteroids
Pixel
3. A cloud of ionized hydrogen. Formed when young stars heat the surrounding gas
Molecular Clouds
Hubble law
HII Region
Titus-Bode Law
4. A star that is burning hydrogen to helium in a shell surrounding it's core
Red Giant Branch Star
shape and color of SPIRAL galaxies
matter dominated universe
cosmological red shift
5. Why do Galaxies move very rapidly in the interiors of the dense clusters?
Turn off Point
isotropic
synchrotron radiation
Dark matter is located at center of clusters - pulling the cluster members into faster orbits--dark matter gravity keeps objects in galxies bound.
6. A planet that is closer to the sun than the earth
scarp
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
inferior planets
bulge
7. The location in an H-are diagram of a star cluster - where stars have just left the main sequence. Used to estimate the cluster age.
Rich vs poor clusters
Eyepiece Lens
Turn off Point
Void
8. The process responsible for creating the arms of flocculent spiral galaxies
era of recombination
Neutron Star
Bok Globule
Self-Propogating Star Formation
9. The area behind a lens where images are resolved
Focal Plane
Differential Rotation
Seyfert galaxy
Seeing
10. What do we think the actual fate of the universe will be and why do we think this?
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
HII Region
Halo
shape and color of SPIRAL galaxies
11. Matter that reveals itself only through its gravitational attraction.
dark energy
chemical differentiation
dark matter
Steady State Theory (Leads to Olber's Paradox)
12. The force of attraction between any two objects having mass
Supernova (You can be my supernova girl)
gravity
Light-Year
Halo
13. A subatomic particle with a negative charge. It creates light.
High Velocity Stars
Electron
Absolute Magnitude
Parsec
14. The state of having a balance between inward and outard pressures in a gas--the inward force from gravity is balanced by the outward force from heat.
HII Region
Hydrostatic Equilibrium
Olber's paradox
highlands
15. The equation that describes how matter equates with energy
Prominence
Enke gap
Kuiper belt
E=mc2
16. A term referring to Jupiter-like planets
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
jovian
Particle Horizon
Hubble law
17. A fusion process in which protons build together to form helium
Proton-proton chain
Neutron Star
Nowhere visible to us. If there are higher dimension then the center would be visible to someone who lives in one. If there are no higher dimensions then the center does not exist.
Emission Spectrum
18. A location on an H-are Diagram where evolving stars pulsate
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
Instability strip
The Local Group
Resolving Power
19. A star that erratically and explosively brightens and dims
Earth resurfaces itself due to erosion and plate tectonics - while the moon has neither.
highlands
Nova
Kirchhoff's Law
20. A small round distribution of gas surrounding a dying star
MOONS: largest size
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
Planetary Nebula
Main Sequence
21. The first rock-sized bodies that formed in the solar nebula from dust grains
semimajor axis
Energy Level
density parameter
chondrite
22. The 11 or 22 period on the sun durin which sunspots increase - decrease - change polarity - increase and decrease again.
Sunspot cycle
Plank's Law
Triple Alpha rocess
Main Sequence Stars
23. The apparent backward motion of a planet against the background of stars.
How is winding dilemma solved?
blazar
retrograde motion
Kirchhoff's Law
24. The telescope configuration that has the focus placed at the back of the primary mirror
Turn off Point
Halo
Autumnal Equinox
Cassegrain Focus
25. The surface of the sun
Electromagnetic Radiation: Infrared
meteor
nova
Photosphere
26. The Big Bang says that the universe has not existed forever. It had a distinct beginning about 14 billion years ago called the 'Big Bang'. Therefore light from any object more than 14 billion light years away has not had time to reach us. The other p
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27. When the Moon entirely blocks the Sun.
Bulge
Total Eclipse
open star clusters
Extrasolar Planet
28. VENUS
The Local Group
meteor
Spectroscopy
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
29. Light scattered through the atmosphere that degrades astronomical images
Celestial Equator
Light Pollution
Maria
Summer Solstice
30. The era when the ratio of matter to energy greatly favored matter. (verses radiation dominated universe where it was opaque. Matter is now dominated by gravity not photons)
Autumnal Equinox
mass
matter dominated universe
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
31. What Ole Roemer used to measure the speed of light in a vacuum
Corona
deferent
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
regolith
32. 10^2 nm 10^7 nm
widmanstatten pattern
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
Nova
accretion disk
33. When the Sun is farthest north of the celestial equator (about June 22)
Hubble constant
Sc spiral galaxy
Nova
Summer Solstice
34. The elementary building blocks from which protons and neutrons are formed.
quarks
Parallax
MOONS: most geologically active
widmanstatten pattern
35. The law stating that hotter blackbodies look bluer than cooler blackbodies.
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36. In a CLOSED UNIVERSE - the curvature of space-time is _________. Parallel beams will converge/diverge/remain parallel (circle one). The density parameter - Ω0 - is _____.
solar nebula
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
Parallax
37. A point in the sky where meteors appear to come from during a shower
Limb darkening
Planetary Nebula
Focal Plane
radiant
38. Cold aggregates of gas - large and contain a huge amount of matter - so cold that molecules stick together to form molecules.
Open - flat - and closed.
Interstellar Extinction
molecular clouds
Jovian Planets
39. Small moons that maintain the shape of rings around Saturn and Uranus
chondrite
Focal Plane
Light Pollution
Shepherd satellite
40. Light-flaky crust - convective currents cause it to wrinkle and bunch (1/5 of surface). uniform cratering suggests lack of weathering and tectonics. volcanoes are flat due to atmospheric pressure.
tectonics of Venus
Horizontal Branch Star
MOONS: largest size
greehouse effects
41. A highly variable galaxy nucleus of which BL Lac is one. Their light is highly energetic and their spectra are featureless. (face on)
Zenith
It does not have to expand into anything. It might just be that the 3 dimensions of space are getting bigger. It may also be that our 3 spatial dimensions are expanding into higher dimensions if such things exist.
Void
blazar
42. A collection of comets in the plane of the solar system - located beyond the orbit of Pluto
Flare
Supernova (You can be my supernova girl)
Sb spiral galaxy
Kuiper belt
43. The north-south line passing directly overhead through the zenith.
We don't know. It might be but does not have to be.
Secondary Mirror
Meridian
Emission Spectrum
44. The light produced when particles from the sun collide with atmospheric molecules
aurora
Open - flat - and closed.
reflection star clusters
dark energy
45. A telescope that uses mirrors to focus light
Precession
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
Void
Reflector
46. A change in the wavelength of light caused by a motion between the observer and light (or wave) source (blue shift if getting closer - red shift if moving away)
Doppler Shift
Dark Nebula
Electron
accretion disk
47. A term referring to Earth-like planets
supernova
isotropic
terrestrial planet
Hyashi track
48. The part of the Milky way that has on-going star formation
asteroid
Light Gathering Power
Disk
Red Giant
49. A measure of the ability of a telescope to see fine detail
Open Cluster
2 Reasons Why there are Supermassive Black holes at the center of every Galaxy
Resolving Power
Brown dwarf
50. VENUS
Parallax
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
gravity
Filament