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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Any class of objects with a uniform luminosity used to determine distance.
widmanstatten pattern
Umbra
standard candle
Sa spiral galaxy
2. A plot of star absolute magnitude verses spectral type.
Dark matter is located at center of clusters - pulling the cluster members into faster orbits--dark matter gravity keeps objects in galxies bound.
H-are Diagram
Photon
Coldest surface
3. Half of the longest diameter across an ellipse
Dark matter candidates
dark energy
semimajor axis
Photon
4. Small bulges - loosely wound - massive arms - arms have many H2 regions and look very lumpy
rotation curve=winding dilemma?
Sc spiral galaxy
Dwarf planets
Filament
5. The powdered stone fragments that make up the lunar 'soil'
Seyfert galaxy
regolith
Absolute Magnitude
Sa spiral galaxy
6. All wavelengths of light emitted by a blackbody.
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
Objective Lens
density waves
Blackbody Curve
7. 1 mm 1μm
Summer Solstice
mare basalt
reflection star clusters
Electromagnetic Radiation: Infrared
8. A phenomenon seen when the Earth passes through the orbit of a burned out comet
Callisto (Jupiter)
CMB
meteor shower
radiant
9. The surface of the sun
critical density
Photosphere
asteroid
rotation curve = dark matter?
10. In Ptolemy's geocentric solar system - the small circle on which a planet moved.
Most dense
Light: travels like a wave - detected like a particle
epicycle
Electromagnetic Radiation: Visible Light
11. A representation of the changes in color and brightness of an evolving protostar.
gravity
Particle Horizon
Hubble constant
Hyashi track
12. Saying that the sky should not get dark at night because all lines of sight end on a star meaning that the night sky should be ablaze BUT the big bang - because the universe had a beginning - says that the sky gets dark because out in space - galaxie
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13. Distribution of dust (tells us disk is thin) - find distances to O&B stars and H2 regions (arms are sights of star formation and OB stars live and die at location of birth) -Milky way has four arms. Sun is in spur apart from arms.
Ole Roemer
Nova
mapping the structure of Milky Way disk
dark matter
14. A two-filter measure of the color - and hence temperature - of a star.
Parallax
Rich Cluster
Extrasolar Planet
Color Index
15. Light scattered through the atmosphere that degrades astronomical images
Light Pollution
Open Cluster
Refractor
Superior planets
16. 10 nm 10^2 nm
superclusters
Electromagnetic Radiation: X-Ray
conjunction
dark matter
17. A push or a pull
force
rotation curve = dark matter?
Proton-proton chain
supernova
18. 10 nm 10^2 nm
Electromagnetic Radiation: X-Ray
The Big Bang Theory
Oort Cloud
Cassegrain Focus
19. A small spherical dark nebula
rotation curve = dark matter?
Earth resurfaces itself due to erosion and plate tectonics - while the moon has neither.
Seeing
Bok Globule
20. Saturn
Apollo asteroids
acceleration
bulge
least dense
21. A small and dim but hot star.
White Dwarf
Superior planets
Active Optics
H-are Diagram
22. The shadow behind the Earth or Moon where the Sun is partially obscured.
radio galaxy
Main Sequence Stars
blazar
Penumbra
23. Infinitely long -> 10 cm
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
Plank's Law
Kirchhoff's Law
Electromagnetic Radiation: Radio
24. The lens that gathers the light in a refractor
opposition
Objective Lens
Prominence
Radiative Diffusion
25. Dark areas on the sun that are cooler than the surrounding photosphere
Cosmological Principle
Shepherd satellite
Gravity only pulls matter back together. Therefore - if gravity is the only force that operates on cosmic scales then the expansion of the universe should decrease with time. The critical density is the value of matter density sufficient to halt the
Sunspots
26. The point in its orbit where a planet is farthest from the sun
Plank's Law
aphelion
Flat - Flat
MOONS: most geologically active
27. Population 1 with higher metals and contain many young stars in star clusters. Distribution of stars is everywhere in disk (arms only have 5% more stars)
cosmic singularity
quarks
Jupiters red spot
general star population
28. A toroidal or donut-shaped collection of material attracted to a central body like a star or black hole. Dust around an object
Meridian
Callisto (Jupiter)
accretion disk
It does not have to expand into anything. It might just be that the 3 dimensions of space are getting bigger. It may also be that our 3 spatial dimensions are expanding into higher dimensions if such things exist.
29. The telescope configuration that has the focus placed at the back of the primary mirror
300000 KM/sec
Cassegrain Focus
Particle Horizon
Kuiper belt
30. The imaginary sphere centered on the Earth that hols the stars.
density waves
Nebula
Celestial Sphere
accretion
31. Latin for 'cloud'. A word used to describe the collections of gas and dust in the Milky Way and other galaxies
Most dense
acceleration
Nebula
Rich vs poor clusters
32. 1. We see rapid movements or high energy radiation coming at some level from the nuclei of nearly every galaxy we have looked at. 2. We suspect that the creation of these supermassive black holes is part of the galaxy formation process.
Terrestrial Planets
Ammonia - methane - and water
2 Reasons Why there are Supermassive Black holes at the center of every Galaxy
Ecliptic
33. Any change in the speed or direction of an object's motion
Black Hole
regolith
acceleration
Asymptotic giant Branch Star
34. A very low mass particle formed in solar fusion reactions that reacts only weakly with matter
The Big Bang Theory resolves Olber's Paradox
scarp
neutrino
Instability strip
35. A streak of light in the atmosphere
meteor
terrestrial planet
CMB
Electron
36. Material that shoots rapidly out into space. Flares cause Auroras
Flare
Precession
Penumbra
Zenith
37. A force exerted by reflecting sunlight
Degeneracy
radiation pressure
Plank's Law
300000 KM/sec
38. A galaxy sending out a stream of material from its nucleus
Radio Galaxy
Photosphere
Asymptotic giant Branch Star
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
39. Mercury - Venus - Earth - Mars
Apollo asteroids
interstellar dust
Terrestrial Planets
Red Giant Branch Star
40. The point where an inferior planet is as far away from the sun as it can be (as seen from the Earth)
Supernova (You can be my supernova girl)
quasar
greatest elongation
aphelion
41. A collection of galaxies like the one the Milky Way belongs to
HII Region
Poor Cluster
Umbra
Electromagnetic Radiation: Microwave
42. The slow wobble of the Earth on its rotation axis.
Precession
tectonics of Venus
Penumbra
Differential Rotation
43. Earth
Seyfert galaxy
Gamma ray bursts
Most dense
MOONS: larger than mercury
44. Atmosphere blocks high energy wavelengths - atmosphere blurs optical radiation - atmosphere absorbs some radiation at all wavelengths even when it gets through.
planetary nebula
Dark matter candidates
3 reasons we orbit satellites to observe universe
Continuous Spectrum
45. A cloud of ionized hydrogen. Formed when young stars heat the surrounding gas
HII Region
Extrasolar Planet
CCD
Void
46. Mercury and venus
Dark Nebula
Reflector
fewest moons
Apparent Magnitude
47. Relativity predicts that nothing can travel faster than the speed of light in a vacuum - How can it move slower?
If it is in a denser medium - such as glass - it will move slower
mass
Shepherd satellite
3 reasons we orbit satellites to observe universe
48. An object that may remain after a star explodes
Ammonia - methane - and water
Neutron Star
synchronous rotation
disk
49. The assumption that the universe is isotropic (same in all directions) and homogeneous (Same everywhere throughout)
Spectroscopy
Disk
AGN
cosmological principle
50. The science of measuring light energy by wavelength.
Spectroscopy
Light Gathering Power
supernova
weight