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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The lowest energy of an atom.
Ground State
Metals
Olber's paradox
Emission Spectrum
2. How did Earth come to have an oxygen rich atmosphere?
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
Atomic Number
plate tectonics
smallest diameter
3. Plate tectonics due to thickness of crust and maintain their general form when they collide-where most volcanoes are.
tectonics of Earth
Roundest orbit
Sc spiral galaxy
conjunction
4. The entity from which the whole universe is postulated to have come from.
Objective Lens
Thickest atmosphere
cosmic singularity
mare basalt
5. Sulfurous volcanoes - pools of liquid sulfur - surface resembles cheese pizza ACTIVE SURFACE
slowest rotation
High Velocity Stars
H-are Diagram
Io (jupiters moon)
6. The law that syas light energy from a blackbody increases as (temperature^4)
Roundest orbit
Stephen-Boltzman Law
reflection star clusters
Cassini division
7. The imaginary sphere centered on the Earth that hols the stars.
nucleus
semimajor axis
meteor
Celestial Sphere
8. The layer of the sun just above the photosphere
Chromosphere
Molecular Clouds
highlands
Ionization
9. As open clusters age - they push gas away but dust remains this can reflect light giving the cluster a blue-ish color. also called reflection nebula
Dark matter candidates
cosmological red shift
reflection star clusters
Cassegrain Focus
10. A cool collection of gas and dust silhouetted against a brighter background of stars and/or gas
Dark Nebula
MOONS: most geologically active
Liquid metallic hydrogen
Doppler Shift
11. Sc galaxies
Spectroscopic parallax
Radiative Diffusion
Flocculent spirals
mass
12. A streak of light in the atmosphere
Interstellar Extinction
Seeing
Globular Cluster
meteor
13. The lowest energy of an atom.
Ground State
cosmological red shift
300000 KM/sec
Bulge
14. The powdered stone fragments that make up the lunar 'soil'
greehouse effects
Celestial Sphere
regolith
quasar
15. A measure of the force of gravity on an object
Turn off Point
weight
Earth resurfaces itself due to erosion and plate tectonics - while the moon has neither.
Seyfert galaxy
16. A fusion process in which protons build together to form helium
Main Sequence
Objective Lens
Proton-proton chain
H2 Regions
17. A force exerted by reflecting sunlight
radiation pressure
most moons
Olber's paradox
Liquid metallic hydrogen
18. That which is responsible for Jupiter's magnetic field
Liquid metallic hydrogen
chondrite
Penumbra
Kirkwood gaps
19. 100 nm 10 nm
Electromagnetic Radiation: Ultraviolet Light
Wein's Law
cosmology
Doppler Shift
20. Mercury - Venus - Earth - Mars
We don't know. It might be but does not have to be.
Flat - Flat
Terrestrial Planets
Ionization
21. A two-filter measure of the color - and hence temperature - of a star.
Color Index
Autumnal Equinox
density parameter
Main Sequence
22. A perfect absorber and radiator of electromagnetic radiation.
Photon
Dwarf planets
Blackbody
Focal Length
23. N=are*Fp(Ne)(Fl)(Fi)(Fc)(L) N: number of civilizations possible to communicate with are*: rate solar-like stars are created Fp: fraction of stars with planets Ne: number of planets like ours Fl: fraction of planets with life Fi: intelligent life Fc:
mass
semimajor axis
Drake equation
Quasar
24. Distance from sun to nucleus- 8 kiloparsecs (26000 LY) - diameter of Milky way- 150000 LY - length for sun to orbit once around milky way- 250 million years
Jovian Planets
HII Region
Milky way Galaxy
Light: travels like a wave - detected like a particle
25. The equation that describes how matter equates with energy
E=mc2
Limb darkening
Jovian Planets
Flat - Flat
26. Largest moon in solar system - two differenet types of terrain - darker terrain is older - NOT ACTIVE SURFACE
Asymptotic giant Branch Star
Geocentric
slowest rotation
Ganymede (Jupiter)
27. A location on an H-are Diagram where evolving stars pulsate
roche limit
Kirkwood gaps
Heliocentric
Instability strip
28. The time when the universe cooled sufficiently for atoms to exist. radiation dominated= first 300000 years - THEN era of recombination turns into matter dominated for next.
Coronal Loop
Magnification
interstellar dust
era of recombination
29. A spherical shell of comets that orbit the sun at a great distance (roughly two light years from the sun)
Gravitational Lens
matter dominated universe
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
Oort cloud
30. The wavelengths where a specific element can absorb or emit light.
Synchrotron Rotation
Spectral Lines
Halo
Grand design spirals
31. IO
MOONS: most geologically active
density
Winter Solstice
Dark Matter
32. Neptune or uranus
smallest diameter
Coldest surface
Dark matter is located at center of clusters - pulling the cluster members into faster orbits--dark matter gravity keeps objects in galxies bound.
Filament
33. A quantity measuring the stability of the Earth's atmosphere
era of recombination
Objective Lens
inferior planets
Seeing
34. In an OPEN UNIVERSE - the curvature of space-time is ____ - Parallel beams will converge/diverge/remain parallel (circle one). The density parameter - Ω0 - is____.
Astronomical Unit
Hubble constant
Negative - Diverge - Less than 1
Chandrasekhar Limit
35. The shadow area behind the Earth or Moon where the Sun is completely obscured.
accretion disk
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
Umbra
Reflector
36. That which is responsible for Jupiter's magnetic field
meteor shower
Neutron Star
Liquid metallic hydrogen
Disk
37. Stars fromt he Halo that have drifted into the disk. as earth zooms past them in a faster orbit they appear to be going backward very fast
If it is in a denser medium - such as glass - it will move slower
Chandrasekhar Limit
High Velocity Stars
Molecular Clouds
38. A distance measure determined by the shifting of a star against the background sky every 6 months.
Parsec
Extrasolar Planet
Titus-Bode Law
Granules
39. The assumption that the universe is isotropic (same in all directions) and homogeneous (Same everywhere throughout)
Electron
cosmological principle
tectonics of Venus
H-are Diagram
40. A method of finding a star's distance from its absolute magnitude and spectral type or color.
CNO Cycle
Color Index
Plague
Spectroscopic Parallax
41. The high- temperatature outer layer of the sun
Corona
synchrotron radiation
dark matter
Ole Roemer
42. Norhern lowlands- darker in color and have far fewer craters as if an ancient sea or ice field covered them. southern highlands- much higher in density of craters.
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
deferent
fastest rotation
Umbra
43. A star that erratically and explosively brightens and dims
Titus-Bode Law
Wein's Law
Nova
Earth resurfaces itself due to erosion and plate tectonics - while the moon has neither.
44. Elliptical orbits that come inside orbit of the Earth.
Zenith
Thickest atmosphere
Electromagnetic Radiation: Radio
Apollo asteroids
45. All wavelengths of light emitted by a blackbody.
Apparent Magnitude
Blackbody Curve
bulge
Continuous Spectrum
46. Massive compact halo objects (MACHO) - weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPY's)
Atomic Number
Dark matter candidates
Wein's Law
Particle Horizon
47. Originially thought to be stars emitting radio radiation but are now concluded to be nuclei of distant galaxies (same as radio galaxies aka emit streams of material)
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
belt
quasar
open star clusters
48. An object that may remain after a star explodes
Neutron Star
Electromagnetic Radiation: Radio
CCD
evidence of water on mars
49. A crystalline patter found in iron meteorites
H2 Regions
widmanstatten pattern
Neutron Star
How is winding dilemma solved?
50. The gap etween saturn's A and B rings
Superior planets
Electromagnetic Radiation: Radio
Cassini division
interstellar dust