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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
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Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A continuous spectrum of light missing energy at a few wave lengths.
White Dwarf
tectonics of Mars
Refractor
Absorption Spectrum
2. Clouds of low density gas often found glowing faintly on either side of an AGN.
Black Hole
weight
radio lobe
Neutron Star
3. A measure of how an object resists accelerating when acted upon by a force. It is proportional the amount of matter in an object
tectonics of Mars
Filament
mass
Kuiper belt
4. A galaxy sending out a stream of material from its nucleus
Shepherd satellite
Sunspots
Jovian Planets
Radio Galaxy
5. The time when the universe cooled sufficiently for atoms to exist. radiation dominated= first 300000 years - THEN era of recombination turns into matter dominated for next.
slowest rotation
Radio Galaxy
greatest elongation
era of recombination
6. Formed from slow rotating clouds - collapsed quicker - initial star formation rate is high but died out - older - little rotation - look redder
shape and color of ELLIPTICAL galaxies
Hubble constant
Jupiters red spot
fastest rotation
7. When particles are compressed to an unnatural state where their pressure is not related to their temperature
Planetary Nebula
CMB
Degeneracy
Kirchhoff's Law
8. 1. We see rapid movements or high energy radiation coming at some level from the nuclei of nearly every galaxy we have looked at. 2. We suspect that the creation of these supermassive black holes is part of the galaxy formation process.
Eyepiece Lens
Apollo asteroids
Seyfert galaxy
2 Reasons Why there are Supermassive Black holes at the center of every Galaxy
9. 30AU to 50Au from sun - consists of ancietn premordial objects made of frozen ice and dust-35000 objects or more that are larger than 100 km in diameter and many more smaller than this
Thickest atmosphere
condensation temperature
Gravitational Lens
Kuiper belt
10. Is space infinitely large?
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11. N=are*Fp(Ne)(Fl)(Fi)(Fc)(L) N: number of civilizations possible to communicate with are*: rate solar-like stars are created Fp: fraction of stars with planets Ne: number of planets like ours Fl: fraction of planets with life Fi: intelligent life Fc:
interstellar dust
open star clusters
Electromagnetic Radiation
Drake equation
12. A term referring to Jupiter-like planets
protostar
greehouse effects
jovian
Gravity only pulls matter back together. Therefore - if gravity is the only force that operates on cosmic scales then the expansion of the universe should decrease with time. The critical density is the value of matter density sufficient to halt the
13. The point where a superior planet is as far away from the sun as it can be (as seen from the Earth)
Drake equation
Celestial Equator
density
opposition
14. The mirror that gathers the light in a reflector
Focal Length
condensation temperature
Primary Mirror
force
15. A long-lived high-pressure bulge in Jupiter's southern hemisphere
Largest diameter
belt
great red spot
protostar
16. Material that shoots rapidly out into space. Flares cause Auroras
Electron
Photometry
Flare
Jupiters red spot
17. 1-orbit aroudn the sun 2- are in hydrostatic equilibrium and 'mostly round' 3- have not cleared debris around its orbit 4- are not satellites
Dwarf planets
Quasar
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
disk
18. A rock or iron specimen that has fallen from space
Red Giant
meteorite
Chandrasekhar Limit
Red Giant
19. Young clusters in disk are irregularly shaped since they have no time to relax into the rounder relaxed shape of globular clusters-will constantly be torn apart and assimilated.
dark matter
open star clusters
Vernal Equinox
Planetary Nebula
20. The final end state of a high mass star. .An entity for which gravity has completely overwhelmed all other forces of nature.
Triple Alpha rocess
Synodic Day
Black Hole
most moons
21. The dark - relativley smooth areas on the moon; Latin for sea
Sunspot cycle
Maria
Ammonia - methane - and water
Electromagnetic Radiation: Microwave
22. The fusion process that turns three helium nuclei into a carbon nucleus
density waves
Hubble law
Triple Alpha rocess
Focal Plane
23. The slow wobble of the Earth on its rotation axis.
Precession
Ganymede (Jupiter)
radiation pressure
Seyfert galaxy
24. In an OPEN UNIVERSE - the curvature of space-time is ____ - Parallel beams will converge/diverge/remain parallel (circle one). The density parameter - Ω0 - is____.
Negative - Diverge - Less than 1
dark energy
gravity
Gamma ray bursts
25. The universe is isotropic - homogeneous - and without beginning or end in time and space. If the universe is truly homogeneous then every line of sight will eventually end on a galaxy. If it has existed forever then there has been enough time for lig
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26. Radiation given off by electrons accelerating in a magnetic field
The Big Bang Theory resolves Olber's Paradox
bulge
Enke gap
Synchrotron Rotation
27. An empirical scheme for predictin ghe orbital distances of planets
Population 1 vs Population 2 stars
Continuous Spectrum
jovian
Titus-Bode Law
28. The Greek philosopher responsible for making the stellar magnitude scale.
Hipparchus
Bulge
jovian
planetary nebula
29. A collection of comets in the plane of the solar system - located beyond the orbit of Pluto
Liquid metallic hydrogen
300000 KM/sec
Refractor
Kuiper belt
30. The rotation period of the Earth measured relative to the Sun.
Summer Solstice
Synodic Day
CNO Cycle
isotropic
31. Ganymede
MOONS: largest size
Eyepiece Lens
Winter Solstice
tectonics of Earth
32. Dark - reddish - low-pressure bands in Jupiter's atmosphere
neutrino
belt
Astronomical Unit
Electromagnetic Radiation: Ultraviolet Light
33. An energetic event taking place in the early universe
bulge
Largest diameter
H2 Regions
Gamma-ray Burst
34. In what chemical form are jupiters nitrogen - carbon and oxygen?
Callisto (Jupiter)
smallest diameter
Cosmological Principle
Ammonia - methane - and water
35. The location in an H-are diagram of a star cluster - where stars have just left the main sequence. Used to estimate the cluster age.
Turn off Point
Proton-proton chain
Earth resurfaces itself due to erosion and plate tectonics - while the moon has neither.
meteor shower
36. A bridge of material held in position above the solar surface. They can remain for hours even days
Red Giant
reflection star clusters
Nova
Prominence
37. Population 1- similar to the sun and 2% of elements are metal - Population 2- formed before gas was metal- only a fraction of mass is metal.
It does not have to expand into anything. It might just be that the 3 dimensions of space are getting bigger. It may also be that our 3 spatial dimensions are expanding into higher dimensions if such things exist.
Population 1 vs Population 2 stars
Grand design spirals
critical density
38. 100 nm 10 nm
Electromagnetic Radiation: Ultraviolet Light
H2 Regions
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
Meridian
39. The science of measuring the apparent magnitudes of stars by imaging them through different filters.
Photometry
Flat - Flat
Cassegrain Focus
Rich vs poor clusters
40. The rotation period of the Earth measured relative to the Sun.
Synodic Day
Focal Plane
Dark Nebula
bulge
41. Electromagnetic Radiation
A family of radiant energy- includes light
Ecliptic
Ganymede (Jupiter)
The Big Bang Theory
42. 10^2 nm 10^7 nm
In an expanding universe all galaxies see all other galaxies that are not gravitationally bound to them receding away. This is what we see in the Hubble Law. We infer that the Hubble law also holds true for all other galaxies.
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
coma
Seeing
43. Places in the asteroid belt - caused by resonance with Jupiter - where there are no asteroids
Hubble constant
Kirkwood gaps
Absorption Spectrum
Kuiper belt
44. A very dense - highly populated cluster of galaxies
radiant
Nowhere visible to us. If there are higher dimension then the center would be visible to someone who lives in one. If there are no higher dimensions then the center does not exist.
planetary nebula
Rich Cluster
45. Formed rapidly - collapsed slower into disk shape - star birth rate is low but lasts longer and ongoing - contain higher mass blue stars.
force
Colestial Pole
Oort Cloud
shape and color of SPIRAL galaxies
46. A word used in astronomy to describe all elements besides hydrogen and helium
zone
Dark matter candidates
Metals
most eccentric orbit
47. Ancient stream channels - flood planes - and sedimentary-type rock. Frozen water is found in the polar ice caps and in the soil.
Coronal Loop
Celestial Sphere
evidence of water on mars
Meridian
48. An important quality of telescopes that increases as the square of the primary mirror or objective lens
disk
rotation curve=winding dilemma?
direct motion
Light Gathering Power
49. Massive compact halo objects (MACHO) - weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPY's)
blazar
cosmology
Dark matter candidates
solar nebula
50. The Greek philosopher responsible for making the stellar magnitude scale.
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
Hipparchus
Jovian Planets
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
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