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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 10 cm -> 1 mm
roche limit
radiant
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
Electromagnetic Radiation: Microwave
2. In an OPEN UNIVERSE - the curvature of space-time is ____ - Parallel beams will converge/diverge/remain parallel (circle one). The density parameter - Ω0 - is____.
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
Red Giant
Negative - Diverge - Less than 1
Nebula
3. The rotation period of the Earth measured relative to the stars.
Radiative Diffusion
Sidereal Day
Neutron Star
Resolving Power
4. A small chunk of rock in space
Planetary Nebula
Ionization
meteoriod
Primary Mirror
5. 1μm 100 nm
chemical differentiation
Electromagnetic Radiation: Visible Light
AGN
Main Sequence
6. A change in the appearance of the sun at the edge of the solar disk
Limb darkening
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
How is winding dilemma solved?
Europa (Jupiters moon)
7. Rich= dense crowded cores of galaxies - poor= few members and a looser organization of galaxies
Spectroscopic parallax
Coronal Loop
Rich vs poor clusters
synchronous rotation
8. A galaxy emitting large amounts of energy at long wavelengths.
fewest moons
It does not have to expand into anything. It might just be that the 3 dimensions of space are getting bigger. It may also be that our 3 spatial dimensions are expanding into higher dimensions if such things exist.
radio galaxy
cosmic singularity
9. 1 mm 1μm
planetary nebula
Electromagnetic Radiation: Infrared
mare basalt
The Big Bang Theory resolves Olber's Paradox
10. Loops that trace the magnetic field as it erupts from a sunspot area and arches over to an adjacent area. They glow in the light of gas pouring out of corona and falling into photosphere.
quarks
radiation pressure
Coronal Loop
fastest rotation
11. The location in an H-are diagram of a star cluster - where stars have just left the main sequence. Used to estimate the cluster age.
Sa spiral galaxy
2 Reasons Why there are Supermassive Black holes at the center of every Galaxy
Turn off Point
Celestial Equator
12. A star that has become a red giant for the second and final time. It is burning helium to carbon in a shell surrounding the core
Degeneracy
Milky way Galaxy
Focal Length
Asymptotic giant Branch Star
13. 10^2 nm 10^7 nm
Seeing
meteorite
cosmic singularity
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
14. Small compact stars called white dwarfs can have material deposited on their surfaces. In time material heats up and explodes in surface nuclear reaction- star brightens - settles - repeats.
Ole Roemer
planetary nebula
Astronomical Unit
nova
15. A term referring to the orbital character of stars near the Sun
standard candle
Differential Rotation
Spectroscopic parallax
quasar
16. The line on an H-are diagram going from upper left to lower right where normal stars of different masses reside.
tectonics of Venus
meteor shower
Main Sequence
Gamma ray bursts
17. The study of the universe as a whole.
Density Wave
Secondary Mirror
cosmology
radiation dominated universe
18. The law that describes the blackbody curve - and let to quantum mechanics.
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19. Galaxies whose nuclei emit jets of materil at high speeds. material comes from supermassive black holes
fastest rotation
bulge
Main Sequence
radio galaxy
20. A crystalline patter found in iron meteorites
Poor Cluster
widmanstatten pattern
force
Rich vs poor clusters
21. A small chunk of rock in space
Electromagnetic Radiation: Infrared
White Dwarf
MOONS: larger than mercury
meteoriod
22. Neptune or uranus
Coldest surface
Parallax
cosmological red shift
Callisto (Jupiter)
23. A term referring to Jupiter-like planets
Electromagnetic Radiation: Infrared
Corona
supermassive black hole
jovian
24. Mercury
quarks
most eccentric orbit
interstellar dust
scarp
25. Hurricane-like vortex in southern-hemisphere winds to north and south blow in opposite directions which keep it spinning and with no subsurface features like mountians it persists.
Jupiters red spot
In an expanding universe all galaxies see all other galaxies that are not gravitationally bound to them receding away. This is what we see in the Hubble Law. We infer that the Hubble law also holds true for all other galaxies.
Spectral Lines
meteor shower
26. A phenomenon seen when the Earth passes through the orbit of a burned out comet
meteor shower
Roundest orbit
Electromagnetic Radiation
Geocentric
27. The place in the sky that the Earth's axis points toward (can be either north or south)
Radiative Diffusion
Colestial Pole
least dense
widmanstatten pattern
28. An empirical scheme for predictin ghe orbital distances of planets
Interstellar Extinction
Most dense
Titus-Bode Law
Dark matter is located at center of clusters - pulling the cluster members into faster orbits--dark matter gravity keeps objects in galxies bound.
29. Matter that reveals itself only through its gravitational attraction
Dark Matter
scarp
We don't know. It might be but does not have to be.
Gamma ray bursts
30. N=are*Fp(Ne)(Fl)(Fi)(Fc)(L) N: number of civilizations possible to communicate with are*: rate solar-like stars are created Fp: fraction of stars with planets Ne: number of planets like ours Fl: fraction of planets with life Fi: intelligent life Fc:
Absorption Spectrum
Drake equation
coma
Absorption Spectrum
31. A telescope that uses mirrors to focus light
Reflector
Sb spiral galaxy
Granules
Active Optics
32. The location in an H-are diagram of a star cluster - where stars have just left the main sequence. Used to estimate the cluster age.
Hyashi track
Turn off Point
Enke gap
Red Giant
33. A term referring to Earth-like planets
Primary Mirror
terrestrial planet
Photosphere
MOONS: most geologically active
34. Elliptical orbits that come inside orbit of the Earth.
Drake equation
Apollo asteroids
Supernova (You can be my supernova girl)
Prominence
35. Thick rigid crust - no longer has plate tectonics but still has convective hot spots that create earth-like volcanoes except that last for billions of years because of lack of tectonics.
H2 Regions
Spectral Lines
tectonics of Mars
Void
36. Venus (retrograde)
quasar
Enke gap
slowest rotation
Annular Eclipse
37. The Greek philosopher responsible for making the stellar magnitude scale.
Hipparchus
tectonics of Venus
Olber's paradox
Convection
38. Highlands: rocks are made of lighter anorthosite (similar to old earth rocks) Maria: rocks made of heavy mare basalt (volcanic rock) everywhere else is loose regolith created by meteoric impact.
radio galaxy
standard candle
Kirchhoff's Law
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
39. When the Sun is farthest north of the celestial equator (about June 22)
SETI
Vernal Equinox
Summer Solstice
Roundest orbit
40. Matter so dense that even light cannot escape its gravity
synchronous rotation
Black Hole
least dense
Make up of the jovian planets
41. Half of the longest diameter across an ellipse
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
semimajor axis
Coldest surface
E=mc2
42. The surface of the sun
Chandrasekhar Limit
nucleus
Photosphere
Poor Cluster
43. The linear correlation between the rate of the expansion of the universe and distance. Says that as galaxies get farther away in space - the speed with which they recede from us increases. So we can measure the amount of recessional velocity and use
self-propagating star formation
Cassini division
Hubble law
regolith
44. A star that is burning hydrogen to helium in a shell surrounding it's core
Lagrangian Razor
critical density
Red Giant Branch Star
great dark spots
45. The time when the universe cooled sufficiently for atoms to exist. radiation dominated= first 300000 years - THEN era of recombination turns into matter dominated for next.
most moons
CNO Cycle
era of recombination
Maria
46. When material is heated and moves taking the heat energy with it
Inverse Square Law
molecular clouds
MOONS: roundest shape
Convection
47. A planet orbiting about a distant star
Extrasolar Planet
least dense
differential rotation
Main Sequence
48. Hot cells of gas that rise and fall in the hotosphere
Granules
Zenith
Astronomical Unit
Objective Lens
49. Dying small mass stars lose their outer layers in a relatively gentle way - creating a round or bipolar nebula about the star (round like planets)
planetary nebula
solar nebula
MOONS: largest size
Total Eclipse
50. Poitns of gravitational stability in the orbit of a planet
Lagrangian Razor
greehouse effects
Objective Lens
Horizontal Branch Star