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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Then the Sun moves from north to south across the celestial equator (about September 23)
The Big Bang Theory
Hubble constant
Autumnal Equinox
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
2. How did Earth come to have an oxygen rich atmosphere?
Heliocentric
protostar
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
Nova
3. The state of having a balance between inward and outard pressures in a gas--the inward force from gravity is balanced by the outward force from heat.
Lagrangian Razor
Hydrostatic Equilibrium
Eyepiece Lens
disk
4. Mercury - Venus - Earth - Mars
Terrestrial Planets
shape and color of SPIRAL galaxies
terrestrial planet
Most dense
5. Extremely round - lots of liquid water - ice rafts on surface ACTIVE SURFACE
Europa (Jupiters moon)
acceleration
Prominence
smallest diameter
6. The process of acquiring material
accretion
Io (jupiters moon)
tectonics of Mars
Halo
7. A streak of light in the atmosphere
Planck time
Penumbra
meteor
plate tectonics
8. Mercury and venus
Void
fewest moons
Ionization
Open - flat - and closed.
9. Extends to a distance of 50000AU. Same objects as in the Kuiper belt-when they fall in toward the sun they become comets. Debris from comets hitting the Earths atmosphere cause meteor showers.
superclusters
blazar
Oort Cloud
shape and color of ELLIPTICAL galaxies
10. Relativity predicts that nothing can travel faster than the speed of light in a vacuum - How can it move slower?
disk
CMB
If it is in a denser medium - such as glass - it will move slower
density
11. The Big Bang was not an explosion of matter into empty space - like the explosion of a bomb. Instead - it was an emergence of space and time filled with pure energy where before none of this was present. The point from which is emerged is called the
Supernova (You can be my supernova girl)
Apparent Magnitude
Jupiters red spot
The Big Bang Theory
12. A large - irregularly shaped rocky object orbiting the sun mostly between mars and jupiter. Left-over planetesimals
dark matter
asteroid
mare basalt
Neutron Star
13. The crust of a meteorite caused by its entry into Earth's atmosphere
Gamma ray bursts
fusion crust
molecular clouds
MOONS: largest size
14. Ganymede and Titan
open star clusters
meteor
MOONS: larger than mercury
Inverse Square Law
15. The line on an H-are diagram going from upper left to lower right where normal stars of different masses reside.
Milky way Galaxy
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
planetesimal
Main Sequence
16. Matter that reveals itself only through its gravitational attraction
thinnest atmosphere
radio galaxy
Dark Matter
widmanstatten pattern
17. Electromagnetic Radiation
A family of radiant energy- includes light
resonance
Chromosphere
radiation pressure
18. The normal eastward movement of a planet against the background of hte distant stars.
Electromagnetic Radiation: Visible Light
direct motion
Dark Matter
Spectroscopic Parallax
19. A particle of light
cosmological principle
Photon
3 reasons we orbit satellites to observe universe
Synodic Day
20. Radiation given off by electrons accelerating in a magnetic field
Atomic Number
Synchrotron Rotation
jovian
open star clusters
21. The opaque universe that existed for 300000 years after the Big Bang. (photons outnumbered nuclei by 1 billion to one - so less light)
Cassini division
inferior planets
Electromagnetic Radiation
radiation dominated universe
22. The powdered stone fragments that make up the lunar 'soil'
regolith
MOONS: roundest shape
E=mc2
rotation curve = dark matter?
23. In Ptolemy's geocentric solar system - the large circle on which a planet's epicycle moved around the Earth.
Roundest orbit
deferent
Grand design spirals
Absorption Spectrum
24. A highly variable galaxy nucleus of which BL Lac is one. Their light is highly energetic and their spectra are featureless. (face on)
tectonics of Mars
blazar
Bok Globule
Color Index
25. Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune
radio galaxy
most eccentric orbit
Spectroscopy
Jovian Planets
26. Light-colored high-pressure bands in Jupiter's atmosphere
Supercluster
Thermonuclear Fusion
zone
conjunction
27. The telescope configuration that has the focus placed at the back of the primary mirror
Cassegrain Focus
belt
Doppler Shift
Io (jupiters moon)
28. A measure of the ability of a telescope to see fine detail
Granules
White Dwarf
Sunspot cycle
Resolving Power
29. Orbit in Jupiters orbit
3 reasons we orbit satellites to observe universe
Trojan asteroids
Blackbody
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
30. Titan
scarp
radiation dominated universe
smallest diameter
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
31. The location in the Milky Way where stars orbit like a solid wheel
Disk
Rich vs poor clusters
Bulge
Electromagnetic Radiation: Infrared
32. The entity from which the whole universe is postulated to have come from.
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
cosmic singularity
Colestial Pole
Olber's paradox
33. The era when the ratio of matter to energy greatly favored matter. (verses radiation dominated universe where it was opaque. Matter is now dominated by gravity not photons)
Kuiper belt
matter dominated universe
Open - flat - and closed.
Cosmic Microwave Background
34. Saturn
Absorption Spectrum
least dense
Largest diameter
shape and color of SPIRAL galaxies
35. A galaxy sending out a stream of material from its nucleus
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
Summer Solstice
Trojan asteroids
Radio Galaxy
36. A small spherical dark nebula
Triple Alpha rocess
Bok Globule
retrograde motion
Neutron Star
37. Theory virtually demands that the geometry of the universe be ______. Results of measuring lumps in the cosmic background radiation indicate that the universe geometry is ________.
Flat - Flat
protostar
anorthosite
Synodic Day
38. In a FLAT UNIVERSE(our universe) - the curvature of space-time is ________. Parallel beams will converge/diverge/remain parallel (circle one). The density parameter - Ω0 - is _____.
Refractor
Yes - frozen at the poles- remains protected from the suns rays
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
39. The displacement of spectral lines to redder colors caused by the expansion of the universe.
general star population
Photon
cosmological red shift
Blackbody Curve
40. The mirror that determines the focus configuration of a reflector
rotation curve = dark matter?
nova
Secondary Mirror
The Big Bang Theory
41. Dying small mass stars lose their outer layers in a relatively gentle way - creating a round or bipolar nebula about the star (round like planets)
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
planetary nebula
Sunspot cycle
Apparent Magnitude
42. The point directly overhead.
fewest moons
Main Sequence Stars
Zenith
Emission Spectrum
43. 30AU to 50Au from sun - consists of ancietn premordial objects made of frozen ice and dust-35000 objects or more that are larger than 100 km in diameter and many more smaller than this
Photon
Parallax
aurora
Kuiper belt
44. The distance light travels in one year (=9.46x10^12km).
Light-Year
Focal Plane
Hipparchus
Jovian Planets
45. Stars orvits do not define the spiral patterns - instead they are density waves that move at slower speeds (arms are defined by young O and B stars and gas clouds)
Reflector
How is winding dilemma solved?
reflection star clusters
3 reasons we orbit satellites to observe universe
46. Large bulge - tightly wound spiral arms - relatively few h2 regions and are smooth
Focal Length
Occam's razor
Sa spiral galaxy
Largest diameter
47. A star that erratically and explosively brightens and dims
Astronomical Unit
resonance
Nova
Oort cloud
48. Hurricane-like vortex in southern-hemisphere winds to north and south blow in opposite directions which keep it spinning and with no subsurface features like mountians it persists.
Proton-proton chain
Jupiters red spot
most eccentric orbit
asteroid
49. A subatomic particle with a negative charge. It creates light.
A family of radiant energy- includes light
Cosmic Microwave Background
Electron
Horizontal Branch Star
50. Extremely round - lots of liquid water - ice rafts on surface ACTIVE SURFACE
MOONS: largest size
Europa (Jupiters moon)
differential rotation
Disk