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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The law that predicts the possible types of spectra.
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2. Light-flaky crust - convective currents cause it to wrinkle and bunch (1/5 of surface). uniform cratering suggests lack of weathering and tectonics. volcanoes are flat due to atmospheric pressure.
quarks
chondrite
Active Optics
tectonics of Venus
3. When the Sun moves from south to north across the celestial equator (about March 21)
Emission Spectrum
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
Vernal Equinox
Dark matter is located at center of clusters - pulling the cluster members into faster orbits--dark matter gravity keeps objects in galxies bound.
4. In a FLAT UNIVERSE(our universe) - the curvature of space-time is ________. Parallel beams will converge/diverge/remain parallel (circle one). The density parameter - Ω0 - is _____.
chemical differentiation
shape and color of SPIRAL galaxies
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
Ammonia - methane - and water
5. Is there water on the moon?
Light: travels like a wave - detected like a particle
Interstellar Extinction
Yes - frozen at the poles- remains protected from the suns rays
density
6. A measure of the ability of a telescope to see fine detail
Primary Mirror
Absorption Spectrum
Open Cluster
Resolving Power
7. The wavelengths where a specific element can absorb or emit light.
Zenith
Spectral Lines
Sunspots
Plank's Law
8. What Ole Roemer used to measure the speed of light in a vacuum
Europa (Jupiters moon)
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
planetary nebula
Electromagnetic Radiation
9. Highlands: rocks are made of lighter anorthosite (similar to old earth rocks) Maria: rocks made of heavy mare basalt (volcanic rock) everywhere else is loose regolith created by meteoric impact.
accretion
Light Gathering Power
Chandrasekhar Limit
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
10. The crust of a meteorite caused by its entry into Earth's atmosphere
Limb darkening
fusion crust
solar nebula
Dark matter is located at center of clusters - pulling the cluster members into faster orbits--dark matter gravity keeps objects in galxies bound.
11. Large nebula consisting of very cold gas and dust
High Velocity Stars
plate tectonics
Horizontal Branch Star
Molecular Clouds
12. The gap inthe outer portion of Saturn's A ring
Trojan asteroids
differential rotation
Sunspot cycle
Enke gap
13. A small round distribution of gas surrounding a dying star
Turn off Point
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
Planetary Nebula
Blackbody Curve
14. A quantity measuring the stability of the Earth's atmosphere
Hyashi track
mapping the structure of Milky Way disk
Dwarf planets
Seeing
15. Small bulges - loosely wound - massive arms - arms have many H2 regions and look very lumpy
Sc spiral galaxy
epicycle
Main Sequence Stars
Halo
16. The material from which the solar system formed
solar nebula
Make up of the terrestrial planets
comet
Corona
17. A spherical shell of comets that orbit the sun at a great distance (roughly two light years from the sun)
Thermonuclear Fusion
Flocculent spirals
Olber's paradox
Oort cloud
18. Hydrogen and helium (mainly)
Steady State Theory (Leads to Olber's Paradox)
Europa (Jupiters moon)
Electromagnetic Radiation: Visible Light
Make up of the jovian planets
19. 10^2 nm 10^7 nm
Enke gap
Nowhere visible to us. If there are higher dimension then the center would be visible to someone who lives in one. If there are no higher dimensions then the center does not exist.
Halo
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
20. A galaxy sending out a stream of material from its nucleus
Radio Galaxy
force
condensation temperature
bulge
21. When particles are compressed to an unnatural state where their pressure is not related to their temperature
Degeneracy
Population 1 vs Population 2 stars
Hyashi track
Make up of the jovian planets
22. Cold aggregates of gas - large and contain a huge amount of matter - so cold that molecules stick together to form molecules.
Asymptotic giant Branch Star
Roundest orbit
molecular clouds
tectonics of Earth
23. The apparent magnitude a star would have if it were at a distance of 10 parsecs.
synchronous rotation
Interstellar Extinction
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
Absolute Magnitude
24. A star that has become a red giant for the second and final time. It is burning helium to carbon in a shell surrounding the core
regolith
Cepheid variables
Summer Solstice
Asymptotic giant Branch Star
25. Originially thought to be stars emitting radio radiation but are now concluded to be nuclei of distant galaxies (same as radio galaxies aka emit streams of material)
aurora
Triple Alpha rocess
supernova
quasar
26. The Big Bang was not an explosion of matter into empty space - like the explosion of a bomb. Instead - it was an emergence of space and time filled with pure energy where before none of this was present. The point from which is emerged is called the
Eyepiece Lens
Synchrotron Rotation
The Big Bang Theory
Objective Lens
27. Large nebula consisting of very cold gas and dust
dark matter
quasar
Ionization
Molecular Clouds
28. The entity from which the whole universe is postulated to have come from.
cosmic singularity
Stephen-Boltzman Law
Cassini division
meteorite
29. An entity that is likely in the nucleus of most - if not all - galaxies.
bulge
supermassive black hole
Energy Level
Parsec
30. The point where a superior planet is as far away from the sun as it can be (as seen from the Earth)
opposition
Pulsar
matter dominated universe
critical density
31. When massive objects bend space and time enough to create multiple images of an object located behind them
Sunspot cycle
planetesimal
Proton-proton chain
Gravitational Lens
32. Long - meandering cliff formed when a planet surface cools and shrinks
slowest rotation
Meridian
Turn off Point
scarp
33. A massive variable star used to find distances to the galaxies or clusters that contain them.
Cepheid Variable
superclusters
Emission Spectrum
MOONS: roundest shape
34. Rich= dense crowded cores of galaxies - poor= few members and a looser organization of galaxies
fusion crust
condensation temperature
Rich vs poor clusters
AGN
35. A change in the wavelength of light caused by a motion between the observer and light (or wave) source (blue shift if getting closer - red shift if moving away)
supernova
Doppler Shift
differential rotation
Pixel
36. The fusion process that turns three helium nuclei into a carbon nucleus
Ganymede (Jupiter)
Filament
radio galaxy
Triple Alpha rocess
37. The law that syas light energy from a blackbody increases as (temperature^4)
Photometry
terrestrial planet
Stephen-Boltzman Law
Secondary Mirror
38. The wavelengths where a specific element can absorb or emit light.
Radiative Diffusion
acceleration
quarks
Spectral Lines
39. The distance between a lens and its focal plane
2 Reasons Why there are Supermassive Black holes at the center of every Galaxy
retrograde motion
Focal Length
Shepherd satellite
40. How did Earth come to have an oxygen rich atmosphere?
epicycle
Red Giant Branch Star
mare basalt
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
41. Star speed at outer edge of galaxy should begin to diminish - but they dont so we guess that this means there is increasing force (aka dark matter)
Disk
rotation curve = dark matter?
Geocentric
Chromosphere
42. The slow wobble of the Earth on its rotation axis.
Electromagnetic Radiation: Radio
Precession
Electromagnetic Radiation: Visible Light
Sunspot cycle
43. Latin for 'cloud'. A word used to describe the collections of gas and dust in the Milky Way and other galaxies
Radiative Diffusion
Nebula
Grand design spirals
Active Optics
44. A galaxy sending out a stream of material from its nucleus
Radio Galaxy
Void
Make up of the jovian planets
supernova
45. In what chemical form are jupiters nitrogen - carbon and oxygen?
Doppler Shift
Ammonia - methane - and water
aphelion
Kirchhoff's Law
46. The point in its orbit where a planet is nearest the sun
Vernal Equinox
Make up of the jovian planets
Perihelion
nova
47. Formed from slow rotating clouds - collapsed quicker - initial star formation rate is high but died out - older - little rotation - look redder
shape and color of ELLIPTICAL galaxies
isotropic
zone
Make up of the terrestrial planets
48. Theory virtually demands that the geometry of the universe be ______. Results of measuring lumps in the cosmic background radiation indicate that the universe geometry is ________.
Europa (Jupiters moon)
Roundest orbit
Flat - Flat
Electromagnetic Radiation
49. Then the Sun moves from north to south across the celestial equator (about September 23)
Dwarf planets
general star population
Autumnal Equinox
Neutron Star
50. The apparent backward motion of a planet against the background of stars.
mare basalt
belt
retrograde motion
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1