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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The amount an image is enlarged by a telescope
Kuiper belt
SETI
Penumbra
Magnification
2. The most mass a white dwarf can have before collapsing to a neutron star
Synodic Day
Spectroscopic Parallax
Chandrasekhar Limit
The Big Bang Theory resolves Olber's Paradox
3. The faint glow of light left over from the Big Bang. cosmic microwave background are the photons that remain after the big bang that have not turned into matter.
Gravity only pulls matter back together. Therefore - if gravity is the only force that operates on cosmic scales then the expansion of the universe should decrease with time. The critical density is the value of matter density sufficient to halt the
differential rotation
CMB
High Velocity Stars
4. The entity responsible for spiral arms in grand-design spiral galaxies
Energy Level
Density Wave
Hyashi track
greatest elongation
5. Wave- only waves cause an interference pattern when passing through a double slit - particle- only particles deposit energy at specific locations (the way an image builds up on digital camera)
Ground State
Interstellar Extinction
Stephen-Boltzman Law
Light: travels like a wave - detected like a particle
6. Ganymede
The Big Bang Theory resolves Olber's Paradox
Main Sequence Stars
MOONS: largest size
Poor Cluster
7. Stars fromt he Halo that have drifted into the disk. as earth zooms past them in a faster orbit they appear to be going backward very fast
epicycle
High Velocity Stars
era of recombination
Callisto (Jupiter)
8. The wavelengths where a specific element can absorb or emit light.
Make up of the jovian planets
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
Spectral Lines
Kuiper belt
9. Titan
Dwarf planets
Proton-proton chain
Main Sequence Stars
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
10. 1 mm 1μm
Electromagnetic Radiation: Infrared
Shepherd satellite
Rich vs poor clusters
Grand design spirals
11. How is the Hubble Law consistent with an expanding universe?
In an expanding universe all galaxies see all other galaxies that are not gravitationally bound to them receding away. This is what we see in the Hubble Law. We infer that the Hubble law also holds true for all other galaxies.
Bulge
Population 1 vs Population 2 stars
self-propagating star formation
12. A fusion process in which a carbon atom transmutes to oxygen and back - creating a helium atom in the process
isotropic
Lagrangian Razor
CNO Cycle
Drake equation
13. Norhern lowlands- darker in color and have far fewer craters as if an ancient sea or ice field covered them. southern highlands- much higher in density of craters.
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
critical density
blazar
Electromagnetic Radiation: Microwave
14. Consists of old red stars in slow orbits that plunge through disk and bulge. about 1% are old - round globular clusters.
quasar
supernova
Halo
partile horizon
15. The powdered stone fragments that make up the lunar 'soil'
Photometry
regolith
jovian
Globular Cluster
16. The Big Bang says that the universe has not existed forever. It had a distinct beginning about 14 billion years ago called the 'Big Bang'. Therefore light from any object more than 14 billion light years away has not had time to reach us. The other p
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17. 10 nm 10^2 nm
Electromagnetic Radiation: X-Ray
radiation pressure
mapping the structure of Milky Way disk
Electromagnetic Radiation: Ultraviolet Light
18. The dark - relativley smooth areas on the moon; Latin for sea
E=mc2
The Big Bang Theory resolves Olber's Paradox
Shepherd satellite
Maria
19. Matter so dense that even light cannot escape its gravity
meteor shower
Filament
Ecliptic
Black Hole
20. In Ptolemy's geocentric solar system - the large circle on which a planet's epicycle moved around the Earth.
Radiative Diffusion
deferent
Flare
solar nebula
21. A galaxy emitting large amounts of energy at long wavelengths.
radio galaxy
tectonics of Venus
cosmological principle
Photon
22. A rock or iron specimen that has fallen from space
density waves
meteorite
Oort cloud
Spectroscopic Parallax
23. Population 1 with higher metals and contain many young stars in star clusters. Distribution of stars is everywhere in disk (arms only have 5% more stars)
Zenith
general star population
Primary Mirror
critical density
24. Hydrogen and helium (mainly)
chemical differentiation
Make up of the jovian planets
Proton-proton chain
fusion crust
25. The distance light travels in one year (=9.46x10^12km).
Absorption Spectrum
Resolving Power
It does not have to expand into anything. It might just be that the 3 dimensions of space are getting bigger. It may also be that our 3 spatial dimensions are expanding into higher dimensions if such things exist.
Light-Year
26. Electromagnetic Radiation
A family of radiant energy- includes light
rotation curve = dark matter?
Wein's Law
Pixel
27. The state of having a balance between inward and outard pressures in a gas--the inward force from gravity is balanced by the outward force from heat.
Vernal Equinox
Hydrostatic Equilibrium
matter dominated universe
Spectral Lines
28. A continuous spectrum of light missing energy at a few wave lengths.
Globular Cluster
Coronal Loop
Astronomical Unit
Absorption Spectrum
29. Europa
Photosphere
HII Region
MOONS: roundest shape
Neutron Star
30. The gap etween saturn's A and B rings
Black Hole
greehouse effects
tectonics of Mars
Cassini division
31. A term referring to Jupiter-like planets
Umbra
resonance
accretion disk
jovian
32. Extends to a distance of 50000AU. Same objects as in the Kuiper belt-when they fall in toward the sun they become comets. Debris from comets hitting the Earths atmosphere cause meteor showers.
Oort Cloud
greehouse effects
Halo
radio galaxy
33. Loops that trace the magnetic field as it erupts from a sunspot area and arches over to an adjacent area. They glow in the light of gas pouring out of corona and falling into photosphere.
Coronal Loop
rotation curve = dark matter?
Open - flat - and closed.
Callisto (Jupiter)
34. 1-orbit aroudn the sun 2- are in hydrostatic equilibrium and 'mostly round' 3- have not cleared debris around its orbit 4- are not satellites
Earth resurfaces itself due to erosion and plate tectonics - while the moon has neither.
Dwarf planets
matter dominated universe
meteor shower
35. The slow wobble of the Earth on its rotation axis.
Winter Solstice
MOONS: larger than mercury
Parallax
Precession
36. A large - irregularly shaped rocky object orbiting the sun mostly between mars and jupiter. Left-over planetesimals
asteroid
Coronal Loop
Stephen-Boltzman Law
Negative - Diverge - Less than 1
37. First accurately measured the speed of light in a vacuum
Ole Roemer
retrograde motion
Metals
Neutron Star
38. What is the universe expanding into?
It does not have to expand into anything. It might just be that the 3 dimensions of space are getting bigger. It may also be that our 3 spatial dimensions are expanding into higher dimensions if such things exist.
MOONS: roundest shape
Galilean satellite
Jupiters red spot
39. The time when the universe cooled sufficiently for atoms to exist. radiation dominated= first 300000 years - THEN era of recombination turns into matter dominated for next.
Hyashi track
era of recombination
Sa spiral galaxy
bulge
40. When the Sun is farthest north of the celestial equator (about June 22)
quarks
meteor
density
Summer Solstice
41. The shadow behind the Earth or Moon where the Sun is partially obscured.
Drake equation
Penumbra
Milky way Galaxy
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
42. A long-lived high-pressure bulge in Jupiter's southern hemisphere
Inverse Square Law
Colestial Pole
fewest moons
great red spot
43. What do we think the actual fate of the universe will be and why do we think this?
mare basalt
meteor
tectonics of Venus
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
44. A younger cluster of stars - found in the galaxy disk
Open Cluster
Granules
MOONS: most geologically active
Brown dwarf
45. As open clusters age - they push gas away but dust remains this can reflect light giving the cluster a blue-ish color. also called reflection nebula
radiation dominated universe
reflection star clusters
Light Curve
Make up of the terrestrial planets
46. Half of the longest diameter across an ellipse
solar nebula
semimajor axis
Ganymede (Jupiter)
Bulge
47. The act of removing an electron from an atom.
Ionization
Doppler Shift
Secondary Mirror
great red spot
48. The class of all objects having high energy radiation coming from their nuclei. Active Galactic Nucleus- Blazars - Quasars - Radio and Emit synchrotron radiation
Io (jupiters moon)
Summer Solstice
Turn off Point
AGN
49. The north-south line passing directly overhead through the zenith.
Planck time
Meridian
Seeing
Pulsar
50. The name for the only seriously considered theory of the universe.
mapping the structure of Milky Way disk
Big Bang
acceleration
Olber's paradox