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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Stars orvits do not define the spiral patterns - instead they are density waves that move at slower speeds (arms are defined by young O and B stars and gas clouds)
Ecliptic
How is winding dilemma solved?
Degeneracy
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
2. Venus
fewest moons
Electromagnetic Radiation: Infrared
hottest surface
weight
3. Centered on the sun.
Heliocentric
great red spot
A family of radiant energy- includes light
Stephen-Boltzman Law
4. Jupiter
Largest diameter
epicycle
Precession
Poor Cluster
5. A point in the sky where meteors appear to come from during a shower
Coronal Loop
Cassini division
Flat - Flat
radiant
6. The displacement of spectral lines to redder colors caused by the expansion of the universe.
meteorite
cosmological red shift
Parallax
Cosmic Microwave Background
7. Loops that trace the magnetic field as it erupts from a sunspot area and arches over to an adjacent area. They glow in the light of gas pouring out of corona and falling into photosphere.
mare basalt
Coronal Loop
general star population
Seeing
8. Elliptical orbits that come inside orbit of the Earth.
isotropic
Seeing
Apollo asteroids
Maria
9. The cosmological principle is the assumption that the universe is isotropic and homogeneous.The Big Bang assumes it to be a correct principle so that what we observe is exactly like What is too far away to be observed.
Big Crunch
interstellar dust
Cosmological Principle
Cepheid variables
10. When particles are compressed to an unnatural state where their pressure is not related to their temperature
Degeneracy
Bok Globule
3 reasons we orbit satellites to observe universe
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
11. Orbit in Jupiters orbit
Rich Cluster
Trojan asteroids
Oort cloud
Vernal Equinox
12. Extends to a distance of 50000AU. Same objects as in the Kuiper belt-when they fall in toward the sun they become comets. Debris from comets hitting the Earths atmosphere cause meteor showers.
Oort Cloud
White Dwarf
fastest rotation
Absorption Spectrum
13. VENUS
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
radiant
H-are Diagram
Umbra
14. The location in an H-are diagram of a star cluster - where stars have just left the main sequence. Used to estimate the cluster age.
Turn off Point
rotation curve=winding dilemma?
SETI
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
15. The state of having a balance between inward and outard pressures in a gas--the inward force from gravity is balanced by the outward force from heat.
Hydrostatic Equilibrium
Neutron Star
Io (jupiters moon)
In an expanding universe all galaxies see all other galaxies that are not gravitationally bound to them receding away. This is what we see in the Hubble Law. We infer that the Hubble law also holds true for all other galaxies.
16. Long - meandering cliff formed when a planet surface cools and shrinks
chemical differentiation
Hubble law
scarp
roche limit
17. A very distant - star-like object with huge - broad emission lines. Probably the nucleus of a distant active galaxy.
Resolving Power
Ammonia - methane - and water
quasar
accretion disk
18. Radiation given off by electrons accelerating in a magnetic field
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
Occam's razor
Synchrotron Rotation
Black Hole
19. Medium bulge - moderately would arms - arms have H2 regions in them and look sort of lumpy
Liquid metallic hydrogen
Sb spiral galaxy
anorthosite
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
20. Matter that reveals itself only through its gravitational attraction
Emission Spectrum
Dark Matter
most moons
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
21. Atmosphere blocks high energy wavelengths - atmosphere blurs optical radiation - atmosphere absorbs some radiation at all wavelengths even when it gets through.
weight
Ground State
Callisto (Jupiter)
3 reasons we orbit satellites to observe universe
22. The oldest grouping of stars - found in the galaxy halo
Geocentric
Main Sequence
Globular Cluster
Black Hole
23. The study of the universe as a whole.
Quasar
cosmology
Electromagnetic Radiation: Visible Light
Color Index
24. A star that is burning hydrogen to helium in a shell surrounding it's core
Color Index
Apparent Magnitude
acceleration
Red Giant Branch Star
25. Hurricane-like vortex in southern-hemisphere winds to north and south blow in opposite directions which keep it spinning and with no subsurface features like mountians it persists.
Total Eclipse
Jupiters red spot
Electromagnetic Radiation: Infrared
thinnest atmosphere
26. The point where a superior planet is as far away from the sun as it can be (as seen from the Earth)
dark matter
opposition
Jovian Planets
Absorption Spectrum
27. In Ptolemy's geocentric solar system - the small circle on which a planet moved.
regolith
Cepheid Variable
epicycle
Electromagnetic Radiation: X-Ray
28. Ganymede
MOONS: largest size
mare basalt
Heliocentric
Spectroscopy
29. The amount of density needed to stop the universe from expanding and to begin the big crunch represented by Pc
Blackbody
Dwarf planets
Absorption Spectrum
critical density
30. Jupiter
Plank's Law
fastest rotation
regolith
great red spot
31. Distance from sun to nucleus- 8 kiloparsecs (26000 LY) - diameter of Milky way- 150000 LY - length for sun to orbit once around milky way- 250 million years
Milky way Galaxy
Pulsar
Pulsar
Plank's Law
32. A change in the wavelength of light caused by a motion between the observer and light (or wave) source (blue shift if getting closer - red shift if moving away)
most eccentric orbit
superclusters
Doppler Shift
jovian
33. The shadow area behind the Earth or Moon where the Sun is completely obscured.
molecular clouds
roche limit
Gamma ray bursts
Umbra
34. Centered on the Earth
Enke gap
Absolute Magnitude
meteoriod
Geocentric
35. A streak of light in the atmosphere
Particle Horizon
Black Hole
smallest diameter
meteor
36. Matter that reveals itself only through its gravitational attraction.
Pixel
inferior planets
Absorption Spectrum
dark matter
37. Saturn
Jovian Planets
least dense
Shepherd satellite
In an expanding universe all galaxies see all other galaxies that are not gravitationally bound to them receding away. This is what we see in the Hubble Law. We infer that the Hubble law also holds true for all other galaxies.
38. A very dense - highly populated cluster of galaxies
Cassegrain Focus
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
Rich Cluster
Astronomical Unit
39. A logarithmically scaled value for the measured brightness of a star.
roche limit
meteorite
greehouse effects
Apparent Magnitude
40. The area behind a lens where images are resolved
anorthosite
Focal Plane
Ganymede (Jupiter)
Flare
41. The oldest part of the Milky Way
open star clusters
Callisto (Jupiter)
Halo
Bok Globule
42. That which is responsible for Jupiter's magnetic field
Liquid metallic hydrogen
Sa spiral galaxy
meteorite
thinnest atmosphere
43. A fusion process in which protons build together to form helium
Cepheid Variable
Proton-proton chain
jovian
Halo
44. Jupiter
nova
SETI
H2 Regions
Largest diameter
45. A distance measure determined by the shifting of a star against the background sky every 6 months.
dark energy
Parsec
Gravitational Lens
Planck time
46. What causes the zones and belts on jupiter and saturn?
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
MOONS: roundest shape
fastest rotation
scarp
47. A cloud of ionized hydrogen. Formed when young stars heat the surrounding gas
roche limit
HII Region
Degeneracy
Hipparchus
48. All wavelengths of light emitted by a blackbody.
quasar
Light Curve
general star population
Blackbody Curve
49. Distance from sun to nucleus- 8 kiloparsecs (26000 LY) - diameter of Milky way- 150000 LY - length for sun to orbit once around milky way- 250 million years
accretion
Yes - frozen at the poles- remains protected from the suns rays
Ammonia - methane - and water
Milky way Galaxy
50. The place in the sky that the Earth's axis points toward (can be either north or south)
Colestial Pole
Galilean satellite
Parallax
radio lobe