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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The seasonal shifting of a nearby star's position relative to more distant objects.
Extrasolar Planet
Halo
Parallax
Liquid metallic hydrogen
2. Is space infinitely large?
3. The state of having a balance between inflowing and outflowing heat-- the temp at every radial point is different but constant
Thermal Equilibrium
Spectroscopy
Most dense
Self-Propogating Star Formation
4. In Ptolemy's geocentric solar system - the small circle on which a planet moved.
Proton-proton chain
tectonics of Mars
Plague
epicycle
5. Infinitely long -> 10 cm
superclusters
Electromagnetic Radiation: Radio
chemical differentiation
Inverse Square Law
6. Titan
supermassive black hole
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
Sa spiral galaxy
radiation dominated universe
7. Large bulge - tightly wound spiral arms - relatively few h2 regions and are smooth
Gravity only pulls matter back together. Therefore - if gravity is the only force that operates on cosmic scales then the expansion of the universe should decrease with time. The critical density is the value of matter density sufficient to halt the
Shepherd satellite
Sa spiral galaxy
Convection
8. The law stating that hotter blackbodies look bluer than cooler blackbodies.
9. The north-south line passing directly overhead through the zenith.
Meridian
slowest rotation
Milky way Galaxy
Globular Cluster
10. The place in the sky that the Earth's axis points toward (can be either north or south)
Refractor
Colestial Pole
Parallax
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
11. Venus
Autumnal Equinox
Thickest atmosphere
aurora
Degeneracy
12. The shadow behind the Earth or Moon where the Sun is partially obscured.
Penumbra
Precession
Apollo asteroids
tectonics of Earth
13. Hurricane-like vortex in southern-hemisphere winds to north and south blow in opposite directions which keep it spinning and with no subsurface features like mountians it persists.
Hyashi track
force
Enke gap
Jupiters red spot
14. Hydrogen and helium (mainly)
Make up of the jovian planets
MOONS: larger than mercury
Molecular Clouds
Kuiper belt
15. A streak of light in the atmosphere
meteor
Asymptotic giant Branch Star
semimajor axis
hottest surface
16. In a FLAT UNIVERSE(our universe) - the curvature of space-time is ________. Parallel beams will converge/diverge/remain parallel (circle one). The density parameter - Ω0 - is _____.
general star population
Poor Cluster
Particle Horizon
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
17. The Big Bang was not an explosion of matter into empty space - like the explosion of a bomb. Instead - it was an emergence of space and time filled with pure energy where before none of this was present. The point from which is emerged is called the
mapping the structure of Milky Way disk
Electromagnetic Radiation: X-Ray
Oort cloud
The Big Bang Theory
18. Clouds of low density gas often found glowing faintly on either side of an AGN.
The Big Bang Theory
Focal Plane
radio lobe
cosmological red shift
19. Cold aggregates of gas - large and contain a huge amount of matter - so cold that molecules stick together to form molecules.
Gamma ray bursts
molecular clouds
synchrotron radiation
Chandrasekhar Limit
20. A very dense - highly populated cluster of galaxies
Rich Cluster
Apollo asteroids
Coldest surface
Parsec
21. Stars fromt he Halo that have drifted into the disk. as earth zooms past them in a faster orbit they appear to be going backward very fast
Nova
High Velocity Stars
It does not have to expand into anything. It might just be that the 3 dimensions of space are getting bigger. It may also be that our 3 spatial dimensions are expanding into higher dimensions if such things exist.
Flat - Flat
22. Distance from sun to nucleus- 8 kiloparsecs (26000 LY) - diameter of Milky way- 150000 LY - length for sun to orbit once around milky way- 250 million years
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
Thermonuclear Fusion
Milky way Galaxy
Absolute Magnitude
23. The amount of density needed to stop the universe from expanding and to begin the big crunch represented by Pc
critical density
Red Giant
Nucleus
tectonics of Venus
24. Formed from slow rotating clouds - collapsed quicker - initial star formation rate is high but died out - older - little rotation - look redder
resonance
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
Main Sequence
shape and color of ELLIPTICAL galaxies
25. The light produced when particles from the sun collide with atmospheric molecules
rotation curve=winding dilemma?
MOONS: largest size
aurora
Ganymede (Jupiter)
26. The distance between a lens and its focal plane
density parameter
Focal Length
Io (jupiters moon)
OB Associations
27. A star fusing hydrogen to helium in it's core
OB Associations
Main Sequence Stars
Shepherd satellite
synchrotron radiation
28. Electromagnetic Radiation
Gravity only pulls matter back together. Therefore - if gravity is the only force that operates on cosmic scales then the expansion of the universe should decrease with time. The critical density is the value of matter density sufficient to halt the
A family of radiant energy- includes light
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
Planetary Nebula
29. When the Sun moves from south to north across the celestial equator (about March 21)
Vernal Equinox
protostar
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
Europa (Jupiters moon)
30. The dark - relativley smooth areas on the moon; Latin for sea
Maria
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
Annular Eclipse
Jovian Planets
31. A plot of star absolute magnitude verses spectral type.
Sunspots
Make up of the terrestrial planets
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
H-are Diagram
32. What causes the zones and belts on jupiter and saturn?
Gamma ray bursts
supernova
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
Asymptotic giant Branch Star
33. The temp at which a substance in the vacuum of space solidifies
Dark matter candidates
aphelion
condensation temperature
CCD
34. Highlands: rocks are made of lighter anorthosite (similar to old earth rocks) Maria: rocks made of heavy mare basalt (volcanic rock) everywhere else is loose regolith created by meteoric impact.
tectonics of Venus
Granules
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
meteoriod
35. In Ptolemy's geocentric solar system - the small circle on which a planet moved.
Planetary Nebula
epicycle
inferior planets
Absolute Magnitude
36. A quantity measuring the stability of the Earth's atmosphere
Horizontal Branch Star
density
Coldest surface
Seeing
37. As open clusters age - they push gas away but dust remains this can reflect light giving the cluster a blue-ish color. also called reflection nebula
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
Stephen-Boltzman Law
jovian
reflection star clusters
38. A massive variable star used to find distances to the galaxies or clusters that contain them.
How is winding dilemma solved?
smallest diameter
Autumnal Equinox
Cepheid Variable
39. A particle of light.
Hubble law
Prominence
Most dense
Photon
40. Electromagnetic Radiation
Neutron Star
radiant
High Velocity Stars
A family of radiant energy- includes light
41. Matter so dense that even light cannot escape its gravity
Halo
radio galaxy
Black Hole
In an expanding universe all galaxies see all other galaxies that are not gravitationally bound to them receding away. This is what we see in the Hubble Law. We infer that the Hubble law also holds true for all other galaxies.
42. Venus
hottest surface
Electromagnetic Radiation
Differential Rotation
Differential Rotation
43. The force of attraction between any two objects having mass
gravity
Main Sequence Stars
homogeneous
Resolving Power
44. Jupiter
conjunction
radiation dominated universe
Largest diameter
matter dominated universe
45. When particles are compressed to an unnatural state where their pressure is not related to their temperature
Degeneracy
Instability strip
Doppler Shift
gravity
46. The particle horizon is the farthest we can see. It exists because the universe had a beginning and thus a definite age. Light from distances farther away from the particle horizon have not had time to reach us yet.
slowest rotation
Particle Horizon
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
H2 Regions
47. The process that powers the sun and hydrogen bombs
Active Optics
Make up of the terrestrial planets
Thermonuclear Fusion
density
48. The layer of the sun just above the photosphere
2 Reasons Why there are Supermassive Black holes at the center of every Galaxy
Chromosphere
Occam's razor
Total Eclipse
49. Matter that reveals itself only through its gravitational attraction.
Objective Lens
Convection
Corona
dark matter
50. Possible Fates of the Universe
Open Cluster
Gravity only pulls matter back together. Therefore - if gravity is the only force that operates on cosmic scales then the expansion of the universe should decrease with time. The critical density is the value of matter density sufficient to halt the
Differential Rotation
Absorption Spectrum