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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The location in an H-are diagram of a star cluster - where stars have just left the main sequence. Used to estimate the cluster age.
Meridian
Turn off Point
Hydrostatic Equilibrium
bulge
2. Cold aggregates of gas - large and contain a huge amount of matter - so cold that molecules stick together to form molecules.
molecular clouds
Hydrostatic Equilibrium
Spectral Lines
Wein's Law
3. A telescope that uses mirrors to focus light
Nova
Reflector
terrestrial planet
Largest diameter
4. Milky way galaxy is a member - a small poor cluster-about 30 galaxies
The Local Group
Big Bang
Superior planets
MOONS: roundest shape
5. The law that syas light energy from a blackbody increases as (temperature^4)
Quasar
Stephen-Boltzman Law
Limb darkening
radiation dominated universe
6. A spherical shell of comets that orbit the sun at a great distance (roughly two light years from the sun)
dark matter
mapping the structure of Milky Way disk
disk
Oort cloud
7. Small moons that maintain the shape of rings around Saturn and Uranus
era of recombination
Shepherd satellite
Olber's paradox
Autumnal Equinox
8. A cool collection of gas and dust silhouetted against a brighter background of stars and/or gas
Steady State Theory (Leads to Olber's Paradox)
shape and color of ELLIPTICAL galaxies
The Local Group
Dark Nebula
9. The part of the Milky way that has on-going star formation
Disk
reflection star clusters
aphelion
Ground State
10. An efficient - two-dimensional electronic light detector. Common in digital cameras - they revolutionized astronomical imaging
Hubble law
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
Planck time
CCD
11. Atmosphere blocks high energy wavelengths - atmosphere blurs optical radiation - atmosphere absorbs some radiation at all wavelengths even when it gets through.
Sa spiral galaxy
Shepherd satellite
3 reasons we orbit satellites to observe universe
Parallax
12. Highlands: rocks are made of lighter anorthosite (similar to old earth rocks) Maria: rocks made of heavy mare basalt (volcanic rock) everywhere else is loose regolith created by meteoric impact.
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
Metals
thinnest atmosphere
accretion
13. Dark areas on the sun that are cooler than the surrounding photosphere
protostar
Sunspots
Callisto (Jupiter)
Vernal Equinox
14. Sa - Sb galaxies where two magnificent arms wind their way from nucleus out in a symmetrical manner.
Bok Globule
Grand design spirals
Colestial Pole
Dwarf planets
15. Collections of young - hot stars
OB Associations
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
Sunspot cycle
Lagrangian Razor
16. Saturn
least dense
plate tectonics
planetesimal
weight
17. An entity that is likely in the nucleus of most - if not all - galaxies.
supermassive black hole
Photon
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
Largest diameter
18. Places in the asteroid belt - caused by resonance with Jupiter - where there are no asteroids
Jovian Planets
MOONS: larger than mercury
Kirkwood gaps
nucleus
19. A particle of light
Proton-proton chain
High Velocity Stars
Photon
Bulge
20. The equation that describes how matter equates with energy
coma
Europa (Jupiters moon)
E=mc2
Total Eclipse
21. Infinitely long -> 10 cm
Thermal Equilibrium
Sunspots
Electromagnetic Radiation: Radio
Magnification
22. 10^2 nm 10^7 nm
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
Interstellar Extinction
Superior planets
weight
23. The point directly overhead.
Titus-Bode Law
Apparent Magnitude
Make up of the terrestrial planets
Zenith
24. Mercury and venus
fewest moons
meteorite
Bok Globule
How is winding dilemma solved?
25. The fusion process that turns three helium nuclei into a carbon nucleus
Dark Matter
Filament
Triple Alpha rocess
Prominence
26. A large and bright but cool star.
The Big Bang Theory
cosmic fireball
Red Giant
isotropic
27. A word used in astronomy to describe all elements besides hydrogen and helium
Nowhere visible to us. If there are higher dimension then the center would be visible to someone who lives in one. If there are no higher dimensions then the center does not exist.
Trojan asteroids
Metals
Photosphere
28. A spectrum of light with energy at only a few wavelengths.
Photometry
Energy Level
retrograde motion
Emission Spectrum
29. A technique using computer-controlled mirrors to sharpen images distorted by the atmosphere
Radiative Diffusion
Electromagnetic Radiation: Microwave
Active Optics
The Big Bang Theory resolves Olber's Paradox
30. Matter so dense that even light cannot escape its gravity
Rich Cluster
Black Hole
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
evidence of water on mars
31. In what chemical form are jupiters nitrogen - carbon and oxygen?
Ammonia - methane - and water
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
Electromagnetic Radiation: Ultraviolet Light
Io (jupiters moon)
32. Distribution of dust (tells us disk is thin) - find distances to O&B stars and H2 regions (arms are sights of star formation and OB stars live and die at location of birth) -Milky way has four arms. Sun is in spur apart from arms.
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
mapping the structure of Milky Way disk
Bok Globule
CNO Cycle
33. The apparent magnitude a star would have if it were at a distance of 10 parsecs.
Absolute Magnitude
Sidereal Day
Hyashi track
synchronous rotation
34. The name for the only seriously considered theory of the universe.
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
Big Bang
Limb darkening
Hubble constant
35. A repeated - periodic push or pull capable of summing into a larger push or pull
Molecular Clouds
resonance
solar nebula
Nucleus
36. When massive objects bend space and time enough to create multiple images of an object located behind them
Gravitational Lens
Population 1 vs Population 2 stars
differential rotation
Penumbra
37. Young clusters in disk are irregularly shaped since they have no time to relax into the rounder relaxed shape of globular clusters-will constantly be torn apart and assimilated.
open star clusters
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
self-propagating star formation
Ammonia - methane - and water
38. Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune
Jovian Planets
High Velocity Stars
Cepheid variables
Synchrotron Rotation
39. The ratio of the actual density of the universe to the critical density. (actual density divided by the critical density
Radio Galaxy
Thickest atmosphere
density parameter
most eccentric orbit
40. Moon in less than the angular diameter of the Sun.
condensation temperature
gravity
Quasar
Annular Eclipse
41. Largest moon in solar system - two differenet types of terrain - darker terrain is older - NOT ACTIVE SURFACE
Parallax
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
Ganymede (Jupiter)
300000 KM/sec
42. The mirror that gathers the light in a reflector
nova
Filament
Oort Cloud
Primary Mirror
43. The part of the Milky way that has on-going star formation
Electromagnetic Radiation: Visible Light
A family of radiant energy- includes light
Disk
H-are Diagram
44. Neptune or uranus
Coldest surface
coma
rotation curve = dark matter?
Thermal Equilibrium
45. Electromagnetic Radiation
Seyfert galaxy
scarp
Limb darkening
A family of radiant energy- includes light
46. Large nebula consisting of very cold gas and dust
smallest diameter
retrograde motion
radiation pressure
Molecular Clouds
47. Loops that trace the magnetic field as it erupts from a sunspot area and arches over to an adjacent area. They glow in the light of gas pouring out of corona and falling into photosphere.
Cassini division
H-are Diagram
Coronal Loop
quarks
48. The shadow area behind the Earth or Moon where the Sun is completely obscured.
Sc spiral galaxy
SETI
matter dominated universe
Umbra
49. The normal eastward movement of a planet against the background of hte distant stars.
Summer Solstice
direct motion
Metals
Globular Cluster
50. The shadow area behind the Earth or Moon where the Sun is completely obscured.
Total Eclipse
Focal Length
Umbra
cosmology