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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Moon in less than the angular diameter of the Sun.
planetesimal
Annular Eclipse
Magnification
E=mc2
2. Massive compact halo objects (MACHO) - weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPY's)
Dark matter candidates
Autumnal Equinox
mapping the structure of Milky Way disk
Ole Roemer
3. Star speed at outer edge of galaxy should begin to diminish - but they dont so we guess that this means there is increasing force (aka dark matter)
Granules
rotation curve = dark matter?
H-are Diagram
chondrite
4. Extends to a distance of 50000AU. Same objects as in the Kuiper belt-when they fall in toward the sun they become comets. Debris from comets hitting the Earths atmosphere cause meteor showers.
MOONS: larger than mercury
Oort Cloud
Coldest surface
Blackbody
5. In a CLOSED UNIVERSE - the curvature of space-time is _________. Parallel beams will converge/diverge/remain parallel (circle one). The density parameter - Ω0 - is _____.
density parameter
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
Enke gap
matter dominated universe
6. The powdered stone fragments that make up the lunar 'soil'
Apparent Magnitude
regolith
HII Region
Spectroscopy
7. The mass of an object divided by its volume
density
Interstellar Extinction
Hipparchus
Eyepiece Lens
8. Highlands: rocks are made of lighter anorthosite (similar to old earth rocks) Maria: rocks made of heavy mare basalt (volcanic rock) everywhere else is loose regolith created by meteoric impact.
Oort cloud
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
Sc spiral galaxy
Photometry
9. If stars have diff orbital periods - than any arms formed by stars will wind into a tight spiral pattern (billion yrs or so)
Occam's razor
Geocentric
Dwarf planets
rotation curve=winding dilemma?
10. A continuous spectrum of light missing energy at a few wave lengths.
Convection
Absorption Spectrum
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
critical density
11. Extends to a distance of 50000AU. Same objects as in the Kuiper belt-when they fall in toward the sun they become comets. Debris from comets hitting the Earths atmosphere cause meteor showers.
matter dominated universe
Disk
reflection star clusters
Oort Cloud
12. A spectrum of light with energy at only a few wavelengths.
Emission Spectrum
Synodic Day
isotropic
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
13. 10 cm -> 1 mm
A family of radiant energy- includes light
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
fastest rotation
Electromagnetic Radiation: Microwave
14. The science of measuring light energy by wavelength.
Chandrasekhar Limit
Spectroscopy
Occam's razor
Nova
15. The shadow behind the Earth or Moon where the Sun is partially obscured.
Flat - Flat
Penumbra
E=mc2
Red Giant Branch Star
16. Small moons that maintain the shape of rings around Saturn and Uranus
Shepherd satellite
Most dense
Hubble law
Negative - Diverge - Less than 1
17. A star that is in the process of forming. It glows from gravitational contraction
meteoriod
protostar
Globular Cluster
Particle Horizon
18. Radiation given off by electrons accelerating in a magnetic field
Synchrotron Rotation
zone
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
CNO Cycle
19. A small chunk of rock in space
radiant
If it is in a denser medium - such as glass - it will move slower
meteoriod
Spectral Lines
20. The rock that makes up the lunar highlands
Planetary Nebula
anorthosite
H-are Diagram
synchrotron radiation
21. Material that shoots rapidly out into space. Flares cause Auroras
Cassegrain Focus
thinnest atmosphere
Flare
The Local Group
22. A subatomic particle with a negative charge. It creates light.
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
Electron
hottest surface
Oort cloud
23. The gap etween saturn's A and B rings
Cassini division
MOONS: most geologically active
Seyfert galaxy
blazar
24. The linear correlation between the rate of the expansion of the universe and distance. Says that as galaxies get farther away in space - the speed with which they recede from us increases. So we can measure the amount of recessional velocity and use
Hubble law
Big Bang
Synodic Day
HII Region
25. The mass of an object divided by its volume
dark energy
Supernova (You can be my supernova girl)
Color Index
density
26. The Big Bang says that the universe has not existed forever. It had a distinct beginning about 14 billion years ago called the 'Big Bang'. Therefore light from any object more than 14 billion light years away has not had time to reach us. The other p
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27. Form honeycomb like patterns surrounding empty or nearly empty voids.
Electromagnetic Radiation
superclusters
3 reasons we orbit satellites to observe universe
Colestial Pole
28. Hydrogen and helium (mainly)
cosmological principle
plate tectonics
self-propagating star formation
Make up of the jovian planets
29. Stars orvits do not define the spiral patterns - instead they are density waves that move at slower speeds (arms are defined by young O and B stars and gas clouds)
How is winding dilemma solved?
Astronomical Unit
Synodic Day
accretion
30. Titan
H-are Diagram
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
Sa spiral galaxy
Degeneracy
31. The amount of density needed to stop the universe from expanding and to begin the big crunch represented by Pc
Nowhere visible to us. If there are higher dimension then the center would be visible to someone who lives in one. If there are no higher dimensions then the center does not exist.
Convection
Dark Matter
critical density
32. The rotation of a star or planet at different speeds at its equator and poles
We don't know. It might be but does not have to be.
Red Giant
differential rotation
Atomic Number
33. A planet that is closer to the sun than the earth
inferior planets
fastest rotation
Coronal Loop
superclusters
34. The elementary building blocks from which protons and neutrons are formed.
How is winding dilemma solved?
quarks
Molecular Clouds
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
35. Large bulge - tightly wound spiral arms - relatively few h2 regions and are smooth
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
Sa spiral galaxy
Maria
supernova
36. A collection of comets in the plane of the solar system - located beyond the orbit of Pluto
Winter Solstice
Kuiper belt
Sunspots
Apparent Magnitude
37. Atmosphere blocks high energy wavelengths - atmosphere blurs optical radiation - atmosphere absorbs some radiation at all wavelengths even when it gets through.
opposition
Planck time
solar nebula
3 reasons we orbit satellites to observe universe
38. Population 1 with higher metals and contain many young stars in star clusters. Distribution of stars is everywhere in disk (arms only have 5% more stars)
Disk
Celestial Equator
mapping the structure of Milky Way disk
general star population
39. The lens that gathers the light in a refractor
Sa spiral galaxy
Objective Lens
How is winding dilemma solved?
Largest diameter
40. A planet orbiting about a distant star
Extrasolar Planet
supermassive black hole
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
Kuiper belt
41. A collection of comets in the plane of the solar system - located beyond the orbit of Pluto
Kuiper belt
Winter Solstice
Secondary Mirror
Primary Mirror
42. 30AU to 50Au from sun - consists of ancietn premordial objects made of frozen ice and dust-35000 objects or more that are larger than 100 km in diameter and many more smaller than this
anorthosite
cosmological principle
Kuiper belt
Perihelion
43. Stars orvits do not define the spiral patterns - instead they are density waves that move at slower speeds (arms are defined by young O and B stars and gas clouds)
White Dwarf
How is winding dilemma solved?
Sunspot cycle
Focal Plane
44. A very dense - highly populated cluster of galaxies
Rich Cluster
great red spot
homogeneous
Hubble constant
45. A star that blows itself apart
Pulsar
OB Associations
Supernova (You can be my supernova girl)
Cassini division
46. A change in the wavelength of light caused by a motion between the observer and light (or wave) source (blue shift if getting closer - red shift if moving away)
Inverse Square Law
Doppler Shift
Parallax
MOONS: largest size
47. The apparent backward motion of a planet against the background of stars.
asteroid
Perihelion
neutrino
retrograde motion
48. Heavier elements such as iron - silicon - magnesium - sulfer - nickel
Yes - frozen at the poles- remains protected from the suns rays
3 reasons we orbit satellites to observe universe
Make up of the terrestrial planets
Rich Cluster
49. The final end state of an intermediate to high mass star. An entity in which all the electrons have been pushed into the protons.
superclusters
Neutron Star
Halo
Corona
50. The point in its orbit where a planet is nearest the sun
Big Bang
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
Perihelion
quasar