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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A spectrum of light with energy at only a few wavelengths.
Doppler Shift
Steady State Theory (Leads to Olber's Paradox)
Ole Roemer
Emission Spectrum
2. Dying small mass stars lose their outer layers in a relatively gentle way - creating a round or bipolar nebula about the star (round like planets)
planetary nebula
radiation dominated universe
coma
Thickest atmosphere
3. Radiation (possibly left over from the big bang) that fills the universe. Perfect black body spectrum and tells us a bit aout how galaxies are formed.
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
Superior planets
Focal Plane
4. Small moons that maintain the shape of rings around Saturn and Uranus
Shepherd satellite
cosmic singularity
Plague
Radio Galaxy
5. A cloud of ionized hydrogen. Formed when young stars heat the surrounding gas
Ammonia - methane - and water
Light Curve
Emission Spectrum
HII Region
6. The 'edge' of the universe. Light beyond this has not reached us yet.
Cassegrain Focus
partile horizon
Ammonia - methane - and water
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
7. A continuous spectrum of light missing energy at a few wave lengths.
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
dark energy
Absorption Spectrum
Electromagnetic Radiation: X-Ray
8. 30AU to 50Au from sun - consists of ancietn premordial objects made of frozen ice and dust-35000 objects or more that are larger than 100 km in diameter and many more smaller than this
self-propagating star formation
Kuiper belt
Plank's Law
solar nebula
9. The organization of clusters of galaxies into sheets and strings
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
Photometry
Supercluster
10. An energetic event taking place in the early universe
coma
Gamma-ray Burst
Gamma ray bursts
Ionization
11. The apparent magnitude a star would have if it were at a distance of 10 parsecs.
Absolute Magnitude
era of recombination
Hubble constant
Electromagnetic Radiation: Ultraviolet Light
12. The powdered stone fragments that make up the lunar 'soil'
Colestial Pole
density parameter
regolith
CNO Cycle
13. A push or a pull
force
Bok Globule
aurora
Gravity only pulls matter back together. Therefore - if gravity is the only force that operates on cosmic scales then the expansion of the universe should decrease with time. The critical density is the value of matter density sufficient to halt the
14. Distance from sun to nucleus- 8 kiloparsecs (26000 LY) - diameter of Milky way- 150000 LY - length for sun to orbit once around milky way- 250 million years
Density Wave
Photon
Milky way Galaxy
partile horizon
15. A small spherical dark nebula
rotation curve=winding dilemma?
Spectral Lines
Bok Globule
molecular clouds
16. The 11 or 22 period on the sun durin which sunspots increase - decrease - change polarity - increase and decrease again.
radio galaxy
Sunspot cycle
Sb spiral galaxy
Sa spiral galaxy
17. Moon in less than the angular diameter of the Sun.
cosmic fireball
Refractor
Annular Eclipse
Stephen-Boltzman Law
18. Flattened spherical distribution of old stars with some young stars too. 'hub' of Milky way - stars orbit with solid body speeds. Elongated into bar shape
CNO Cycle
bulge
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
homogeneous
19. The amount an image is enlarged by a telescope
solar nebula
deferent
Main Sequence
Magnification
20. A spread of light with an uninterrupted wavelength distribution of energy.
Liquid metallic hydrogen
Continuous Spectrum
Rich vs poor clusters
rotation curve = dark matter?
21. Ancient stream channels - flood planes - and sedimentary-type rock. Frozen water is found in the polar ice caps and in the soil.
evidence of water on mars
cosmology
quarks
H-are Diagram
22. The point in its orbit where a planet is farthest from the sun
shape and color of ELLIPTICAL galaxies
quasar
aphelion
Flocculent spirals
23. The class of all objects having high energy radiation coming from their nuclei. Active Galactic Nucleus- Blazars - Quasars - Radio and Emit synchrotron radiation
AGN
Light Gathering Power
gravity
aphelion
24. A change in the wavelength of light caused by a motion between the observer and light (or wave) source (blue shift if getting closer - red shift if moving away)
evidence of water on mars
Doppler Shift
Superior planets
Flat - Flat
25. Dark - reddish - low-pressure bands in Jupiter's atmosphere
Differential Rotation
White Dwarf
Electromagnetic Radiation: Infrared
belt
26. A measure of the force of gravity on an object
era of recombination
Apparent Magnitude
3 reasons we orbit satellites to observe universe
weight
27. Why do Galaxies move very rapidly in the interiors of the dense clusters?
Dark matter is located at center of clusters - pulling the cluster members into faster orbits--dark matter gravity keeps objects in galxies bound.
Flat - Flat
Io (jupiters moon)
Chandrasekhar Limit
28. Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune
Parallax
Total Eclipse
Continuous Spectrum
Jovian Planets
29. The telescope configuration that has the focus placed at the back of the primary mirror
E=mc2
Hydrostatic Equilibrium
Cassegrain Focus
We don't know. It might be but does not have to be.
30. A large and bright but cool star.
Red Giant
Milky way Galaxy
MOONS: roundest shape
supermassive black hole
31. Wave- only waves cause an interference pattern when passing through a double slit - particle- only particles deposit energy at specific locations (the way an image builds up on digital camera)
Thermal Equilibrium
Total Eclipse
Light: travels like a wave - detected like a particle
comet
32. The time when the universe cooled sufficiently for atoms to exist. radiation dominated= first 300000 years - THEN era of recombination turns into matter dominated for next.
nova
era of recombination
Ecliptic
homogeneous
33. Hurricane-like vortex in southern-hemisphere winds to north and south blow in opposite directions which keep it spinning and with no subsurface features like mountians it persists.
Jupiters red spot
planetesimal
smallest diameter
regolith
34. In Ptolemy's geocentric solar system - the large circle on which a planet's epicycle moved around the Earth.
plate tectonics
Bulge
deferent
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
35. The family of radiant energy that includes light as a subset
cosmological principle
Electromagnetic Radiation
accretion
3 reasons we orbit satellites to observe universe
36. What do we think the actual fate of the universe will be and why do we think this?
Lagrangian Razor
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
Black Hole
fewest moons
37. A long-lived high-pressure bulge in Jupiter's southern hemisphere
Active Optics
Dark matter is located at center of clusters - pulling the cluster members into faster orbits--dark matter gravity keeps objects in galxies bound.
Disk
great red spot
38. Flat disk with gas - dust - H2 regions - molecular clouds - dust young stars and remnants of old planetary nebula and supernova remnants. stars spin together with similar velocities called differential rotation
disk
nova
Light Gathering Power
Maria
39. A word meaning 'the same everywhere throughout.'
homogeneous
300000 KM/sec
synchronous rotation
Nebula
40. A star without enough mass to begin hydrogen fusion
open star clusters
gravity
Brown dwarf
zone
41. An entity that is likely in the nucleus of most - if not all - galaxies.
supermassive black hole
It does not have to expand into anything. It might just be that the 3 dimensions of space are getting bigger. It may also be that our 3 spatial dimensions are expanding into higher dimensions if such things exist.
Synodic Day
Radiative Diffusion
42. In a CLOSED UNIVERSE - the curvature of space-time is _________. Parallel beams will converge/diverge/remain parallel (circle one). The density parameter - Ω0 - is _____.
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
fewest moons
Wein's Law
Light Curve
43. Massive compact halo objects (MACHO) - weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPY's)
Nebula
Dark matter candidates
greatest elongation
cosmic singularity
44. The number of protons in an atom.
Atomic Number
Enke gap
Gravity only pulls matter back together. Therefore - if gravity is the only force that operates on cosmic scales then the expansion of the universe should decrease with time. The critical density is the value of matter density sufficient to halt the
Gamma-ray Burst
45. Is space infinitely large?
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46. Ganymede and Titan
Blackbody
planetary nebula
comet
MOONS: larger than mercury
47. A repeated - periodic push or pull capable of summing into a larger push or pull
Largest diameter
White Dwarf
resonance
acceleration
48. Neptune or uranus
Plank's Law
self-propagating star formation
Coldest surface
Halo
49. The elementary building blocks from which protons and neutrons are formed.
most moons
quarks
Globular Cluster
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
50. An element of a highly efficient - two-dimensional electronic light detector
Disk
Io (jupiters moon)
HII Region
Pixel
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