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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Heavier elements such as iron - silicon - magnesium - sulfer - nickel
Jovian Planets
Make up of the terrestrial planets
Light Gathering Power
Corona
2. A high-pressure bulge in Neptune's southern hemisphere
Astronomical Unit
great dark spots
Coronal Loop
mare basalt
3. The instant of time after the Big Bang when space and time obtained their characteristics. (t=10^-43 sec when gravity freezes out-instant when gravity started existing as a separate force)
Drake equation
thinnest atmosphere
Penumbra
Planck time
4. Collections of young - hot stars
Synchrotron Rotation
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
meteorite
OB Associations
5. The mirror that gathers the light in a reflector
chemical differentiation
Primary Mirror
Negative - Diverge - Less than 1
Ammonia - methane - and water
6. The location in the Milky Way where stars orbit like a solid wheel
Pulsar
zone
reflection star clusters
Bulge
7. The apparent magnitude a star would have if it were at a distance of 10 parsecs.
supernova
Sunspots
Absolute Magnitude
isotropic
8. The act of removing an electron from an atom.
Hubble constant
rotation curve=winding dilemma?
Ionization
Void
9. An object that may remain after a star explodes
Neutron Star
Electron
Halo
most moons
10. Elliptical orbits that come inside orbit of the Earth.
Planetary Nebula
Coronal Loop
Apollo asteroids
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
11. The dark - relativley smooth areas on the moon; Latin for sea
Zenith
Make up of the terrestrial planets
tectonics of Venus
Maria
12. An entity that is likely in the nucleus of most - if not all - galaxies.
Geocentric
Parsec
supermassive black hole
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
13. The apparent path of the Sun through the stars on the celestial sphere.
Parallax
semimajor axis
Celestial Equator
Ecliptic
14. Radiation emitted when charged particles spiral rapidly in a magnetic field. come off of jets from black holes.
Pixel
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
synchrotron radiation
Reflector
15. Radiation (possibly left over from the big bang) that fills the universe. Perfect black body spectrum and tells us a bit aout how galaxies are formed.
Globular Cluster
Nucleus
Galilean satellite
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
16. A particle of light.
radiation dominated universe
Halo
Photon
MOONS: larger than mercury
17. Highlands: rocks are made of lighter anorthosite (similar to old earth rocks) Maria: rocks made of heavy mare basalt (volcanic rock) everywhere else is loose regolith created by meteoric impact.
zone
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
mass
Ground State
18. Matter that reveals itself only through its gravitational attraction
Dark Matter
Dark Nebula
Cepheid Variable
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
19. A small spherical dark nebula
nucleus
Bok Globule
mare basalt
Penumbra
20. Jupiter
Halo
Parallax
Electromagnetic Radiation
Largest diameter
21. Moon in less than the angular diameter of the Sun.
Population 1 vs Population 2 stars
Secondary Mirror
Annular Eclipse
Cosmological Principle
22. The ratio of the actual density of the universe to the critical density. (actual density divided by the critical density
planetary nebula
density parameter
CMB
Terrestrial Planets
23. Stars fromt he Halo that have drifted into the disk. as earth zooms past them in a faster orbit they appear to be going backward very fast
Magnification
meteor
isotropic
High Velocity Stars
24. 10 nm 10^2 nm
Limb darkening
accretion
standard candle
Electromagnetic Radiation: X-Ray
25. A measure of how an object resists accelerating when acted upon by a force. It is proportional the amount of matter in an object
Halo
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
mass
gravity
26. A two-filter measure of the color - and hence temperature - of a star.
Color Index
highlands
Sb spiral galaxy
Spectroscopic Parallax
27. A prominence seen against the disk of the sun
jovian
Ground State
Filament
fastest rotation
28. An evolved star - past the helium flash that is burning helium to carbon in it's cores
Filament
acceleration
Horizontal Branch Star
Triple Alpha rocess
29. The process of acquiring material
Hubble law
accretion
High Velocity Stars
Granules
30. Relativity predicts that nothing can travel faster than the speed of light in a vacuum - How can it move slower?
Photon
least dense
Sb spiral galaxy
If it is in a denser medium - such as glass - it will move slower
31. The gap etween saturn's A and B rings
general star population
direct motion
Cassini division
disk
32. N=are*Fp(Ne)(Fl)(Fi)(Fc)(L) N: number of civilizations possible to communicate with are*: rate solar-like stars are created Fp: fraction of stars with planets Ne: number of planets like ours Fl: fraction of planets with life Fi: intelligent life Fc:
aurora
A family of radiant energy- includes light
radiation dominated universe
Drake equation
33. A planet orbiting about a distant star
Enke gap
molecular clouds
Granules
Extrasolar Planet
34. Venus
Halo
Proton-proton chain
MOONS: roundest shape
Roundest orbit
35. The distance a moon can be from a planet before shattering from tidal forces
radio galaxy
chemical differentiation
slowest rotation
roche limit
36. Electromagnetic Radiation
A family of radiant energy- includes light
Grand design spirals
condensation temperature
Convection
37. Arcs of increased mass concentration that slow stars and gas down as they orbit through which cause the formation of stars.
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
density waves
AGN
gravity
38. Star speed at outer edge of galaxy should begin to diminish - but they dont so we guess that this means there is increasing force (aka dark matter)
bulge
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
rotation curve = dark matter?
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
39. 30AU to 50Au from sun - consists of ancietn premordial objects made of frozen ice and dust-35000 objects or more that are larger than 100 km in diameter and many more smaller than this
Degeneracy
self-propagating star formation
Kuiper belt
Void
40. The mix of pure photon energy that emerged at the start of the universe.
Blackbody
SETI
comet
cosmic fireball
41. Theory virtually demands that the geometry of the universe be ______. Results of measuring lumps in the cosmic background radiation indicate that the universe geometry is ________.
chemical differentiation
Interstellar Extinction
Energy Level
Flat - Flat
42. What are the three possible geometries of the universe?
Sunspots
Open - flat - and closed.
Black Hole
terrestrial planet
43. Sc galaxies where star formation and destruction is so rapid that supernova explosions are mainly responsible for compressing gas to create new stars.
Flat - Flat
meteorite
self-propagating star formation
Heliocentric
44. Hot cells of gas that rise and fall in the hotosphere
superclusters
Granules
slowest rotation
A family of radiant energy- includes light
45. In Ptolemy's geocentric solar system - the large circle on which a planet's epicycle moved around the Earth.
inferior planets
CCD
Absorption Spectrum
deferent
46. Hydrogen and helium (mainly)
Make up of the jovian planets
Astronomical Unit
dark energy
Coldest surface
47. The particle horizon is the farthest we can see. It exists because the universe had a beginning and thus a definite age. Light from distances farther away from the particle horizon have not had time to reach us yet.
Proton-proton chain
planetary nebula
comet
Particle Horizon
48. Why does the earth have few craters while the moon has many?
Wein's Law
Photosphere
meteor shower
Earth resurfaces itself due to erosion and plate tectonics - while the moon has neither.
49. In Ptolemy's geocentric solar system - the small circle on which a planet moved.
Focal Length
quasar
epicycle
general star population
50. A long-lived high-pressure bulge in Jupiter's southern hemisphere
Degeneracy
Prominence
great red spot
Chandrasekhar Limit