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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The 'edge' of the universe. Light beyond this has not reached us yet.
Continuous Spectrum
partile horizon
evidence of water on mars
Planck time
2. A star that is in the process of forming. It glows from gravitational contraction
roche limit
High and low pressure which stretch into bands due to the rapid differential rotation. deeper - darker colors are in the belts and zones are lighter
3 reasons we orbit satellites to observe universe
protostar
3. The dark - relativley smooth areas on the moon; Latin for sea
Globular Cluster
isotropic
isotropic
Maria
4. Any change in the speed or direction of an object's motion
Make up of the terrestrial planets
Titus-Bode Law
Hipparchus
acceleration
5. Centered on the sun.
Heliocentric
Coldest surface
Thermonuclear Fusion
mass
6. When a planet lines up with the sun inthe sky
force
Chandrasekhar Limit
conjunction
belt
7. Jupiter
disk
Chandrasekhar Limit
Largest diameter
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
8. Is there water on the moon?
slowest rotation
Magnification
Yes - frozen at the poles- remains protected from the suns rays
Focal Plane
9. The imaginary sphere centered on the Earth that hols the stars.
Celestial Sphere
Electromagnetic Radiation
White Dwarf
Planetary Nebula
10. Either Io -Europa - Ganymede - or Callisto
Supercluster
Galilean satellite
The Big Bang Theory
In an expanding universe all galaxies see all other galaxies that are not gravitationally bound to them receding away. This is what we see in the Hubble Law. We infer that the Hubble law also holds true for all other galaxies.
11. First accurately measured the speed of light in a vacuum
Earth resurfaces itself due to erosion and plate tectonics - while the moon has neither.
Void
Ole Roemer
Hyashi track
12. Highlands: rocks are made of lighter anorthosite (similar to old earth rocks) Maria: rocks made of heavy mare basalt (volcanic rock) everywhere else is loose regolith created by meteoric impact.
Focal Length
Photometry
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
great dark spots
13. Theory virtually demands that the geometry of the universe be ______. Results of measuring lumps in the cosmic background radiation indicate that the universe geometry is ________.
Autumnal Equinox
shape and color of SPIRAL galaxies
highlands
Flat - Flat
14. A method of finding a star's distance from its absolute magnitude and spectral type or color.
Electromagnetic Radiation: X-Ray
disk
Spectroscopic Parallax
blazar
15. The state of having a balance between inflowing and outflowing heat-- the temp at every radial point is different but constant
Thermal Equilibrium
quasar
density parameter
Total Eclipse
16. The act of removing an electron from an atom.
Self-Propogating Star Formation
Pulsar
Ionization
Plague
17. The material from which the solar system formed
solar nebula
great red spot
density parameter
cosmic singularity
18. The name for the only seriously considered theory of the universe.
Wein's Law
Big Bang
Enke gap
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
19. An energetic event taking place in the early universe
Gamma-ray Burst
Heliocentric
MOONS: roundest shape
Gamma ray bursts
20. N=are*Fp(Ne)(Fl)(Fi)(Fc)(L) N: number of civilizations possible to communicate with are*: rate solar-like stars are created Fp: fraction of stars with planets Ne: number of planets like ours Fl: fraction of planets with life Fi: intelligent life Fc:
dark energy
Drake equation
Light: travels like a wave - detected like a particle
isotropic
21. A fusion process in which a carbon atom transmutes to oxygen and back - creating a helium atom in the process
CNO Cycle
Hipparchus
Enke gap
synchronous rotation
22. Venus (retrograde)
slowest rotation
CMB
Spectroscopic parallax
Eyepiece Lens
23. An important quality of telescopes that increases as the square of the primary mirror or objective lens
differential rotation
Geocentric
Light Gathering Power
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
24. Ganymede
Metals
MOONS: most geologically active
MOONS: largest size
Hipparchus
25. Small moons that maintain the shape of rings around Saturn and Uranus
Negative - Diverge - Less than 1
Main Sequence
Parallax
Shepherd satellite
26. Saturn
Apparent Magnitude
Grand design spirals
shape and color of SPIRAL galaxies
least dense
27. The mirror that determines the focus configuration of a reflector
Photon
Sa spiral galaxy
Hydrostatic Equilibrium
Secondary Mirror
28. The science of measuring the apparent magnitudes of stars by imaging them through different filters.
Halo
Light: travels like a wave - detected like a particle
Photometry
Autumnal Equinox
29. A very dense - highly populated cluster of galaxies
Rich Cluster
Cassini division
Gravitational Lens
chondrite
30. The law stating that hotter blackbodies look bluer than cooler blackbodies.
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31. Sa - Sb galaxies where two magnificent arms wind their way from nucleus out in a symmetrical manner.
cosmological principle
Roundest orbit
Grand design spirals
High Velocity Stars
32. A very dense - highly populated cluster of galaxies
Rich Cluster
The Local Group
Electromagnetic Radiation: Visible Light
protostar
33. The most mass a white dwarf can have before collapsing to a neutron star
Chandrasekhar Limit
disk
gravity
synchrotron radiation
34. 1-orbit aroudn the sun 2- are in hydrostatic equilibrium and 'mostly round' 3- have not cleared debris around its orbit 4- are not satellites
force
Main Sequence
The Big Bang Theory
Dwarf planets
35. The final end state of a high mass star. .An entity for which gravity has completely overwhelmed all other forces of nature.
Parallax
Black Hole
It does not have to expand into anything. It might just be that the 3 dimensions of space are getting bigger. It may also be that our 3 spatial dimensions are expanding into higher dimensions if such things exist.
solar nebula
36. A push or a pull
Seeing
force
Dark Nebula
weight
37. The process similar to conduction by which energy moves from the solar core to the convective layer
Radiative Diffusion
Emission Spectrum
meteoriod
Inverse Square Law
38. A term referring to Jupiter-like planets
Halo
Milky way Galaxy
supernova
jovian
39. Titan
Shepherd satellite
chondrite
Blackbody Curve
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
40. A particle of light.
Sunspots
Ionization
Light Curve
Photon
41. The gap etween saturn's A and B rings
Cassini division
Sc spiral galaxy
blazar
Differential Rotation
42. Moon in less than the angular diameter of the Sun.
Annular Eclipse
Precession
blazar
Granules
43. The high- temperatature outer layer of the sun
Open - flat - and closed.
Sa spiral galaxy
Corona
AGN
44. The source of the force that is accelerating the expansion rate of the universe.
dark energy
Parallax
dark matter
molecular clouds
45. The larger bodies that formed early in teh solar nebula that were chemically differentiated
planetesimal
Winter Solstice
Atomic Number
Superior planets
46. The dimming of starlight by intervening dust
retrograde motion
Photon
supermassive black hole
Interstellar Extinction
47. Dying small mass stars lose their outer layers in a relatively gentle way - creating a round or bipolar nebula about the star (round like planets)
plate tectonics
planetary nebula
Radio Galaxy
superclusters
48. Sulfurous volcanoes - pools of liquid sulfur - surface resembles cheese pizza ACTIVE SURFACE
Io (jupiters moon)
Electromagnetic Radiation
jovian
Eclipses of the Moons of Jupiter
49. Mercury and venus
Blackbody Curve
resonance
disk
fewest moons
50. Distance from sun to nucleus- 8 kiloparsecs (26000 LY) - diameter of Milky way- 150000 LY - length for sun to orbit once around milky way- 250 million years
radiant
Nova
homogeneous
Milky way Galaxy