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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Matter that reveals itself only through its gravitational attraction
Dark Matter
nova
deferent
Kirkwood gaps
2. A word meaning 'the same everywhere throughout.'
smallest diameter
Zenith
homogeneous
Chromosphere
3. The temp at which a substance in the vacuum of space solidifies
If it is in a denser medium - such as glass - it will move slower
Horizontal Branch Star
rotation curve=winding dilemma?
condensation temperature
4. A spherical shell of comets that orbit the sun at a great distance (roughly two light years from the sun)
Coldest surface
Thermonuclear Fusion
Oort cloud
meteoriod
5. The distance light travels in one year (=9.46x10^12km).
Parsec
widmanstatten pattern
blazar
Light-Year
6. An entity that is likely in the nucleus of most - if not all - galaxies.
Cepheid Variable
Dark matter candidates
supermassive black hole
supernova
7. The rotation of a star or planet at different speeds at its equator and poles
Jovian Planets
differential rotation
Inverse Square Law
Nebula
8. Flat disk with gas - dust - H2 regions - molecular clouds - dust young stars and remnants of old planetary nebula and supernova remnants. stars spin together with similar velocities called differential rotation
cosmological principle
rotation curve=winding dilemma?
Ground State
disk
9. Dying large-mass stars lose their outer layers in a violent explosion creating large - chaotic remnants. these brighten like nova but are so much brighter and only occur ONCE PER STAR
Bulge
Spectral Lines
Annular Eclipse
supernova
10. Possible Fates of the Universe
Focal Plane
Gravity only pulls matter back together. Therefore - if gravity is the only force that operates on cosmic scales then the expansion of the universe should decrease with time. The critical density is the value of matter density sufficient to halt the
accretion disk
least dense
11. A measure of the ability of a telescope to see fine detail
Resolving Power
Geocentric
Rich vs poor clusters
meteorite
12. Titan
CMB
planetesimal
Sidereal Day
MOONS: thickest atmosphere
13. A planet orbiting about a distant star
Seeing
tectonics of Venus
Earth resurfaces itself due to erosion and plate tectonics - while the moon has neither.
Extrasolar Planet
14. A term referring to the orbital character of stars near the Sun
Galilean satellite
great red spot
Differential Rotation
Light Curve
15. The high- temperatature outer layer of the sun
Corona
Penumbra
hottest surface
Photon
16. Sulfurous volcanoes - pools of liquid sulfur - surface resembles cheese pizza ACTIVE SURFACE
Io (jupiters moon)
Red Giant Branch Star
Planetary Nebula
OB Associations
17. Consists of old red stars in slow orbits that plunge through disk and bulge. about 1% are old - round globular clusters.
Halo
synchrotron radiation
Photon
Black Hole
18. Flattened spherical distribution of old stars with some young stars too. 'hub' of Milky way - stars orbit with solid body speeds. Elongated into bar shape
bulge
Quasar
great red spot
shape and color of ELLIPTICAL galaxies
19. The area behind a lens where images are resolved
Focal Plane
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
quasar
accretion disk
20. Formed rapidly - collapsed slower into disk shape - star birth rate is low but lasts longer and ongoing - contain higher mass blue stars.
Make up of the jovian planets
Main Sequence
shape and color of SPIRAL galaxies
Electromagnetic Radiation
21. A telescope that uses mirrors to focus light
fewest moons
Reflector
comet
Bok Globule
22. The powdered stone fragments that make up the lunar 'soil'
regolith
Spectroscopic parallax
Poor Cluster
Radio Galaxy
23. When the Moon entirely blocks the Sun.
The Local Group
molecular clouds
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
Total Eclipse
24. The gap etween saturn's A and B rings
Summer Solstice
Cassini division
mare basalt
Main Sequence Stars
25. Poitns of gravitational stability in the orbit of a planet
Hydrostatic Equilibrium
Make up of the terrestrial planets
Lagrangian Razor
jovian
26. A very low mass particle formed in solar fusion reactions that reacts only weakly with matter
neutrino
Parallax
Rich Cluster
Autumnal Equinox
27. Atmosphere blocks high energy wavelengths - atmosphere blurs optical radiation - atmosphere absorbs some radiation at all wavelengths even when it gets through.
greatest elongation
3 reasons we orbit satellites to observe universe
shape and color of SPIRAL galaxies
radio galaxy
28. Rich= dense crowded cores of galaxies - poor= few members and a looser organization of galaxies
Rich vs poor clusters
Milky way Galaxy
Dark matter is located at center of clusters - pulling the cluster members into faster orbits--dark matter gravity keeps objects in galxies bound.
AGN
29. Milky way galaxy is a member - a small poor cluster-about 30 galaxies
Corona
Nova
The Local Group
Self-Propogating Star Formation
30. The lowest energy of an atom.
planetesimal
Light Curve
Ground State
tectonics of Mars
31. The state of having a balance between inflowing and outflowing heat-- the temp at every radial point is different but constant
Io (jupiters moon)
matter dominated universe
Kuiper belt
Thermal Equilibrium
32. The shadow area behind the Earth or Moon where the Sun is completely obscured.
mass
coma
Umbra
solar nebula
33. If stars have diff orbital periods - than any arms formed by stars will wind into a tight spiral pattern (billion yrs or so)
Photon
Photon
shape and color of ELLIPTICAL galaxies
rotation curve=winding dilemma?
34. A force exerted by reflecting sunlight
radiation pressure
Poor Cluster
synchrotron radiation
Colestial Pole
35. 10^2 nm 10^7 nm
Ecliptic
jovian
Main Sequence
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
36. The location of a supermassive black hole
Nucleus
chondrite
Black Hole
Objective Lens
37. The final end state of a high mass star. .An entity for which gravity has completely overwhelmed all other forces of nature.
Cassini division
Yes - frozen at the poles- remains protected from the suns rays
Black Hole
Instability strip
38. A technique using computer-controlled mirrors to sharpen images distorted by the atmosphere
Light Pollution
Active Optics
Jupiters red spot
great red spot
39. Venus
Roundest orbit
Red Giant Branch Star
belt
Pixel
40. In Ptolemy's geocentric solar system - the large circle on which a planet's epicycle moved around the Earth.
E=mc2
deferent
Globular Cluster
The Local Group
41. 1 mm 1μm
Superior planets
Electromagnetic Radiation: Infrared
Differential Rotation
Callisto (Jupiter)
42. 30AU to 50Au from sun - consists of ancietn premordial objects made of frozen ice and dust-35000 objects or more that are larger than 100 km in diameter and many more smaller than this
Kuiper belt
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
greehouse effects
Secondary Mirror
43. As open clusters age - they push gas away but dust remains this can reflect light giving the cluster a blue-ish color. also called reflection nebula
Focal Length
synchrotron radiation
Heliocentric
reflection star clusters
44. The opaque universe that existed for 300000 years after the Big Bang. (photons outnumbered nuclei by 1 billion to one - so less light)
Cassegrain Focus
Enke gap
Secondary Mirror
radiation dominated universe
45. Jupiter
Summer Solstice
Electromagnetic Radiation: X-Ray
Primary Mirror
fastest rotation
46. Norhern lowlands- darker in color and have far fewer craters as if an ancient sea or ice field covered them. southern highlands- much higher in density of craters.
Bok Globule
Jupiters red spot
Heliocentric
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
47. Clouds of low density gas often found glowing faintly on either side of an AGN.
standard candle
Degeneracy
radio lobe
Flat - Remain Parallel - Exactly 1
48. Galaxies whose nuclei emit jets of materil at high speeds. material comes from supermassive black holes
Stephen-Boltzman Law
slowest rotation
radio galaxy
Interstellar Extinction
49. A measure of the force of gravity on an object
Ammonia - methane - and water
Self-Propogating Star Formation
weight
Interstellar Extinction
50. Hot cells of gas that rise and fall in the hotosphere
Granules
Focal Plane
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
blazar