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Test your basic knowledge |
Cosmology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. In Ptolemy's geocentric solar system - the large circle on which a planet's epicycle moved around the Earth.
deferent
Spectral Lines
H-are Diagram
Zenith
2. The law that syas light energy from a blackbody increases as (temperature^4)
partile horizon
The Big Bang Theory resolves Olber's Paradox
Stephen-Boltzman Law
Dwarf planets
3. The class of all objects having high energy radiation coming from their nuclei. Active Galactic Nucleus- Blazars - Quasars - Radio and Emit synchrotron radiation
Spectral Lines
Milky way Galaxy
AGN
thinnest atmosphere
4. A method of finding a star's distance from its absolute magnitude and spectral type or color.
Spectroscopic Parallax
bulge
Granules
quasar
5. Flattened spherical distribution of old stars with some young stars too. 'hub' of Milky way - stars orbit with solid body speeds. Elongated into bar shape
Negative - Diverge - Less than 1
bulge
fastest rotation
fusion crust
6. The distance a moon can be from a planet before shattering from tidal forces
roche limit
SETI
Radiative Diffusion
Annular Eclipse
7. A technique using computer-controlled mirrors to sharpen images distorted by the atmosphere
Active Optics
Cepheid Variable
Apparent Magnitude
highlands
8. Centered on the sun.
MOONS: most geologically active
Disk
most moons
Heliocentric
9. An energetic event taking place in the early universe
Gamma-ray Burst
Perihelion
Synodic Day
Triple Alpha rocess
10. A star that has become a red giant for the second and final time. It is burning helium to carbon in a shell surrounding the core
Asymptotic giant Branch Star
Sc spiral galaxy
direct motion
Inverse Square Law
11. Possible Fates of the Universe
mass
High Velocity Stars
chemical differentiation
Gravity only pulls matter back together. Therefore - if gravity is the only force that operates on cosmic scales then the expansion of the universe should decrease with time. The critical density is the value of matter density sufficient to halt the
12. A star that is burning hydrogen to helium in a shell surrounding it's core
It does not have to expand into anything. It might just be that the 3 dimensions of space are getting bigger. It may also be that our 3 spatial dimensions are expanding into higher dimensions if such things exist.
Red Giant Branch Star
2 Reasons Why there are Supermassive Black holes at the center of every Galaxy
Kirkwood gaps
13. The relation that tells how light dims with distance.
Inverse Square Law
supernova
Thermal Equilibrium
Parallax
14. A logarithmically scaled value for the measured brightness of a star.
difference between maria and highlands of the moon.
Flocculent spirals
Apparent Magnitude
quasar
15. What do we think the actual fate of the universe will be and why do we think this?
Callisto (Jupiter)
Horizontal Branch Star
planetesimal
Observations of distant type Ia supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is speeding up with time - not slowing down! So there must be a force causing this.
16. Clouds of low density gas often found glowing faintly on either side of an AGN.
Kirchhoff's Law
H-are Diagram
Synchrotron Rotation
radio lobe
17. A large - irregularly shaped rocky object orbiting the sun mostly between mars and jupiter. Left-over planetesimals
Open Cluster
Spectroscopy
asteroid
comet
18. A rock or iron specimen that has fallen from space
Color Index
meteorite
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
300000 KM/sec
19. A fusion process in which a carbon atom transmutes to oxygen and back - creating a helium atom in the process
CNO Cycle
rotation curve = dark matter?
Shepherd satellite
Grand design spirals
20. A fusion process in which a carbon atom transmutes to oxygen and back - creating a helium atom in the process
CNO Cycle
Rich vs poor clusters
Parsec
SETI
21. The family of radiant energy that includes light as a subset
belt
Electromagnetic Radiation
Convection
Electromagnetic Radiation: X-Ray
22. When the Moon entirely blocks the Sun.
Total Eclipse
weight
Sunspots
Particle Horizon
23. The science of measuring light energy by wavelength.
homogeneous
Spectroscopy
Cassegrain Focus
dark energy
24. The rock that makes up the lunar highlands
anorthosite
Callisto (Jupiter)
Triple Alpha rocess
Clouds of sufuric acid (very inhospitable and brightest object in the sky) - process called greenhouse affect traps radiation making it 900 degrees at times - spins with retrograde rotation (sun rises in west) and takes 58.4 days for it to set. Thick
25. The rate of expansion of the universe.
Sunspot cycle
great red spot
Hubble constant
Spectral Lines
26. A small spherical dark nebula
Bok Globule
retrograde motion
Photon
quasar
27. 100 nm 10 nm
Electromagnetic Radiation: Ultraviolet Light
plate tectonics
Bok Globule
Sunspots
28. N=are*Fp(Ne)(Fl)(Fi)(Fc)(L) N: number of civilizations possible to communicate with are*: rate solar-like stars are created Fp: fraction of stars with planets Ne: number of planets like ours Fl: fraction of planets with life Fi: intelligent life Fc:
Particle Horizon
density waves
meteor
Drake equation
29. The point directly overhead.
We don't know. It might be but does not have to be.
Zenith
quarks
Parallax
30. The surface of the sun
Yes - frozen at the poles- remains protected from the suns rays
Ground State
Red Giant
Photosphere
31. The layer of the sun just above the photosphere
Electromagnetic Radiation: Gamma Ray
Positive - Converge - Greater than 1
Chromosphere
standard candle
32. The average distance between the Earth and the Sun (=1.5 x10^8km)
accretion disk
Drake equation
Astronomical Unit
The Big Bang Theory
33. The rotation period of the Earth measured relative to the stars.
Absorption Spectrum
Sidereal Day
aphelion
fastest rotation
34. In an OPEN UNIVERSE - the curvature of space-time is ____ - Parallel beams will converge/diverge/remain parallel (circle one). The density parameter - Ω0 - is____.
Molecular Clouds
asteroid
Electron
Negative - Diverge - Less than 1
35. Why does the earth have few craters while the moon has many?
Earth resurfaces itself due to erosion and plate tectonics - while the moon has neither.
Eyepiece Lens
Planck time
Oort cloud
36. Originially thought to be stars emitting radio radiation but are now concluded to be nuclei of distant galaxies (same as radio galaxies aka emit streams of material)
acceleration
quasar
dark matter
Supercluster
37. Collections of young - hot stars
terrestrial planet
We don't know. It might be but does not have to be.
OB Associations
smallest diameter
38. A large - irregularly shaped rocky object orbiting the sun mostly between mars and jupiter. Left-over planetesimals
general star population
Meridian
Sc spiral galaxy
asteroid
39. How is the Hubble Law consistent with an expanding universe?
In an expanding universe all galaxies see all other galaxies that are not gravitationally bound to them receding away. This is what we see in the Hubble Law. We infer that the Hubble law also holds true for all other galaxies.
semimajor axis
Meridian
300000 KM/sec
40. 10 nm 10^2 nm
Open Cluster
Electromagnetic Radiation: X-Ray
deferent
Brown dwarf
41. The oldest part of the Milky Way
Thermonuclear Fusion
Halo
condensation temperature
Instability strip
42. The ratio of the actual density of the universe to the critical density. (actual density divided by the critical density
tectonics of Venus
Enke gap
density parameter
scarp
43. Centered on the Earth
synchrotron radiation
Geocentric
deferent
coma
44. Collections of young - hot stars
OB Associations
Metals
Cepheid Variable
Secondary Mirror
45. Ancient stream channels - flood planes - and sedimentary-type rock. Frozen water is found in the polar ice caps and in the soil.
open star clusters
Kirchhoff's Law
evidence of water on mars
Wein's Law
46. A star that erratically and explosively brightens and dims
The Local Group
Nova
radio lobe
Umbra
47. The number of protons in an atom.
Biologicla life created the recycling of nitrogen - co2 - and the production of oxygen. Oxygen is heavier so the atmosphere held onto it easier than hydrogen and helium.
solar nebula
Atomic Number
Flat - Flat
48. Comglomerates of ice and rock that orbit the sun in highly elliptical paths
comet
Electromagnetic Radiation: Infrared
Meridian
Wein's Law
49. Norhern lowlands- darker in color and have far fewer craters as if an ancient sea or ice field covered them. southern highlands- much higher in density of craters.
contrast northern lowlands and the southern highlands of mars...
Filament
radiant
condensation temperature
50. Massive compact halo objects (MACHO) - weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPY's)
Coronal Loop
radio galaxy
Dark matter candidates
Primary Mirror