Test your basic knowledge |

Criminal Justice

Subject : law

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. About how much does the U.S. spend on the criminal justice system every year?
Fine
Pre-Sentence Investigation
$200 billion
Diversion

2. Who has a better record of defending clients; private or public attorneys?
Halfway House
Private attorneys
Probation
Indigent Defendant

3. Three Strikes Law
Lengthy prison term for 3rd felony offense even if it is a minor offense
Enter a plea
Defines what is criminal behavior and appropriate punishments
1. Incapactation; 2. Deterrence; 3. Moral 'an eye for an eye'; 4. Proportionality; 5. Public Opinion; 6. Low chance of error

4. What did the BAIL REFORM ACT of 1984 establish?
Grand Jury
Tend to be in opposition to mainstream cultural values
PRESUMPTION of DETENTION to limit the release of suspects on bail
Established customs and traditions

5. Peremptory Challenge
When a jury member is challenged for no reason
Young males - unemployed or low income - prior criminal record or history
Televised coverage is not permitted in federal courts
Illegally obtained confessions - cruel and unusual punishment and an impartial jury

6. Factors that Influence Sentencing
Intake
Most are in minimum security and are less violent
1. Severity of offense; 2. Prior criminal record; 3. Use of violence; 4. Use of weapons; 5. Motivation (money)
16

7. A state of federal correctional institution for incarceration of felony offenders for term of one year or more.
Targets low level quality of life crimes to eliminate disorder in the community
Prison
Intermediate Sanctions
1. prison farms and camps; 2. Shock Incarations; 3. Community correctional facilities; 4. Private prisons

8. Mens reas is important in determining if a person can be held criminally responsible and refers specifically to...
6 person jury is required by law jury must come to unanminous verdit
The accused must be brought to trial within 100 days of being arrested
Whether the person intentionally committed the act
nolle prosequi

9. Concurrent Sentence
Anger Managment
Tend to be in opposition to mainstream cultural values
1. General Deterrence; 2. Specific Deterrence; 3. Incapaition; 4. Rehab; 5. Restitution
Sentence served simultaneously

10. The early release of a prisoner from imprisonment subject to conditions set by correctional authorites.
Parole
About 10 felony arrests per month
Claiming he/she did not have effective counsul - claiming the plea was not made voluntarily and claiming that the prosecuter did not keep his/her promises made in the agreement
Is favorable because it increases efficiency

11. Miranda Rights...
Test for one's competents to stand trial
Assembly line
1. guilty; 2. not guilty; 3. hung jury
Miranda Waivers are particularly relevent to juveniles

12. According to the Supreme Court - the following activities would not violate individual protections against illegal seasrch and seizure...
Juvenile records are confidential; in recent years states have passed statutes to allow for records to be accessed by court order
Prison
The search of abandoned property - the search of an open field - the fly-over search of property
15 states allow the prosecutor to decide

13. Right to be competent at trail

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

14. The PRIMARY work of state law enforcement agencies involve...
nolle prosequi
Responding to calls of service not chasing down criminals or making arrests
Intake
Highway Patrol

15. Why are investigations of police misconduct tricky?
Sentence served simultaneously
Loyalty is a critical component of the police subculture
18
Marriage

16. Models of sentencing
Judge directs jury to acquit the defendant because the prosecution has fail to prove the elements of the crime according to legal standards
1. determinate; 2. mandatory; 3. interminate
The FBI
Highway Patrol

17. Stare decisis refers to the concept that legal decisions should be based on...
Probation Rules
Certainty of punishment - swiftness of punishment - punishment that is proportional to the severity of the crime
Established customs and traditions
Can earn 10 to 15 days per month and sentence reduction

18. According to Sampson and Laub's age-graded theory of crime - a developmental theory - the following points are associated with reduced recidivism...
Defense Attorney
Forfeiture
Marriage
Jail

19. Legal counsel for the defendant in a criminal case - representing to final appeal.
Minimum-Security Prison
Defense Attorney
Young - male - minority - poor
Community Service Restitution

20. Trial Process
Total Instutution
Statutory requirement - limits judges power
1. Jury Selection; 2. Opening Statement; 3. Prosecution Case; 4. Motion for Directed Verdict; 5. Closing Argument; 6. Direction to Jury; 7. Verdict; 8. Sentence; 9. Appeal
Most widely used type of sentence - goal is to indivdualize punishment

21. The Conflict View of criminal definitions assumes that criminal law expresses...
The views of powerful elites in society
Determined by judge -statutory requirements and jury recommendation
The search of abandoned property - the search of an open field - the fly-over search of property
1.4 million

22. Common concerns with the privatization of policing includes...
Highway Patrol
1. Probability of error; 2. Unfair use of discretion; 3. Misplaced vengeance; 4. Weak public support; 5. Little deterrent effect; 6. Race/Gender biases; 7. Brutal; 8. Expensive
Accountability of private police to legal standards of policing and equity in treatment of rich and poor areas
Revocation

23. Process by which the state later recovers some or all of the cost of providing free legal counsel to an indigent defendant.
Recoupment
1. guilty; 2. not guilty; 3. hung jury
Shock Probation
$200 billion

24. How confidential are juvenile records kept?
1. Probability of error; 2. Unfair use of discretion; 3. Misplaced vengeance; 4. Weak public support; 5. Little deterrent effect; 6. Race/Gender biases; 7. Brutal; 8. Expensive
The search of abandoned property - the search of an open field - the fly-over search of property
Society expects them to be criminals
Juvenile records are confidential; in recent years states have passed statutes to allow for records to be accessed by court order

25. Delinquents
1. Investigate; 2. Intake; 3. Diagnosis; 4. Supervision; Risk Classification
Marriage
Committed an act in violation of the penal code
Recoupment

26. In order for a case to be heard by the Supreme Court...
At least four justices have to agree that it should be heard by the Supreme Court and a writ of certiorari must be filed with the Supreme Court
There were too many police errors to trust the police evidence
Furlough
About 20% and most police departments require at least an associates degree

27. According to the stop and frisk rule - established by the Terry vs Ohio case a police officer may stop and frisk a person...
About 20% and most police departments require at least an associates degree
1. Impartial Judge; 2. Competent to Stand Trial; 3. Confront Witnesses; 4. Compulsory Process; 5. Impartial Jury; 6. Counsul; 7. Speedy Trial; 8. Public Trial
The views of powerful elites in society
If the officer supects that the person carrying weapons

28. Good time
Pre-Sentence Investigation
Can earn 10 to 15 days per month and sentence reduction
The procedural criminal law
Diversion

29. Verdict
1. guilty; 2. not guilty; 3. hung jury
If juror might be biased; if juror has knowledge of case; if unable to be impartial
6 person jury is required by law jury must come to unanminous verdit
1. Impartial Judge; 2. Competent to Stand Trial; 3. Confront Witnesses; 4. Compulsory Process; 5. Impartial Jury; 6. Counsul; 7. Speedy Trial; 8. Public Trial

30. The substantive criminal law...
Collecting taxes and supervising elections
Should be whether the defendent has sufficient present ability to consult with defendents lawyers and defend one's self
Claiming he/she did not have effective counsul - claiming the plea was not made voluntarily and claiming that the prosecuter did not keep his/her promises made in the agreement
Defines what is criminal behavior and appropriate punishments

31. The newest form of a maximum-security prison that uses high-level securtity mesasure to incapacitate the nation's most dangerous criminals. Most inmates are in lockdown 23 hours per day.
Super Maximum-Security Prison
1. Concurrent Jurisdiction; 2. Statutory Jurisdiction; 3. Judicial Waiver
16
House Arrest

32. The sizure of personal property by the state as a civil or criminal penalty.
1.4 million
Forfeiture
Established that juveniles should be rehabilitated not punished and that children should not be treated as adults
Grand Jury

33. Truth in Sentencing
Established that juveniles should be rehabilitated not punished and that children should not be treated as adults
Most are in minimum security and are less violent
Inmate must serve at least 85% of sentence imposed by court
Defines what is criminal behavior and appropriate punishments

34. Jury Selection

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

35. A prison system - developed in Pennsylvania during the nineteeth centry - based on total isolation and individual pentence.
A crime that is considered especially immoral
Pennsylvania System
Established customs and traditions
1. Probability of error; 2. Unfair use of discretion; 3. Misplaced vengeance; 4. Weak public support; 5. Little deterrent effect; 6. Race/Gender biases; 7. Brutal; 8. Expensive

36. Programs designed to help people who have become dependent on anger as a primary means of expressing themselves and those who inappropriately use anger or the threat of violence as a means to get their way.
Anger Managment
Total Instutution
Depression and loneliness are common and inmates must learn coping behaviors
Targets low level quality of life crimes to eliminate disorder in the community

37. According to social reaction/labeling theory - some young people become criminals because...
Judge directs jury to acquit the defendant because the prosecution has fail to prove the elements of the crime according to legal standards
Society expects them to be criminals
Test for one's competents to stand trial
Work Release

38. How many percent of criminal defendents are considered indigent?
The local police
90%
Super Maximum-Security Prison
Revocation

39. Which is more common - violent crimes or property crimes?
Restitution
Most are in minimum security and are less violent
Is favorable because it increases efficiency
Property crimes

40. The initial reaction in prison is usually...
Depression and loneliness are common and inmates must learn coping behaviors
Statutory requirement - limits judges power
Social agent
Whent he punishment of one offender deters others

41. An investigation performed by a probation officer attached to a trial court after the conviction of a defendent.
If the officer supects that the person carrying weapons
Restitution
Pre-Sentence Investigation
Should be whether the defendent has sufficient present ability to consult with defendents lawyers and defend one's self

42. An example of the criminal defense of justifaction is...
Self-defense and insanity
Young - male - minority - poor
Miranda Waivers are particularly relevent to juveniles
Inmate must serve at least 85% of sentence imposed by court

43. Consecutive sentence
Assembly line
Intake
Sentence served one after another
Established that juveniles should be rehabilitated not punished and that children should not be treated as adults

44. Civil right that include the right of inmates to receive mail and medical benefits and to practice their religion.
Substantive Rights
1. Large numbers of re-entering inmates; 2. Legal prohibition on kinds of employment; 3. Limits on obtaining licenses; 4. Restriction on freedom of movment
Miranda Waivers are particularly relevent to juveniles
Most widely used type of sentence - goal is to indivdualize punishment

45. In the common law - a crime that is considered mala in se is...
Shock Incarceration
A crime that is considered especially immoral
Responding to calls of service not chasing down criminals or making arrests
Commonly classified as Persons in Need of Supervision (PINS) or Children in Need of Supervision (CHINS)

46. What is General Deterrence?
Furlough
Supreme court has established that criminal trials must remain public
Whent he punishment of one offender deters others
45 states have provisions that allow judges to transer cases to the adult court room

47. The federal agency responsible for the witness protection program and fugitive investigations is...
PRESUMPTION of DETENTION to limit the release of suspects on bail
45 states have provisions that allow judges to transer cases to the adult court room
Miranda Waivers are particularly relevent to juveniles
The U.S. Marshall

48. The 5th amendment protects citizens from...
Committed an act in violation of the penal code
Intermediate Sanctions
Self-incrimination
Substantive Rights

49. Competent Standard

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

50. NCVS crime statistics are likely to be better then the UCR crimes statistics in...
Restitution
6 person jury is required by law jury must come to unanminous verdit
Counting the number of rapes in the U.S.
Whent he punishment of one offender deters others