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Criminal Justice

Subject : law

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Arguments for the Death Penalty

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2. Right to speedy trial
90%
Were considered highly educated in their time period
Forfeiture
The accused must be brought to trial within 100 days of being arrested

3. Motion for a direct verdict
Judge directs jury to acquit the defendant because the prosecution has fail to prove the elements of the crime according to legal standards
The U.S. Marshall
Rational - self- intersted and hedonistic
Subpoena

4. Jury Selection

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5. A program requiring probationers to pay in part for the costs of their treatment.
1. guilty; 2. not guilty; 3. hung jury
Defines what is criminal behavior and appropriate punishments
Day Fees
1. First time offender; 2. Non-violent or status offender; 3. Alcahol or drug problem

6. In female prisons - substitute family groups with a faux father - mother and siblings.
Jail
1. prison farms and camps; 2. Shock Incarations; 3. Community correctional facilities; 4. Private prisons
Established that juveniles should be rehabilitated not punished and that children should not be treated as adults
Make-believe family

7. According to the Supreme Court - the following activities would not violate individual protections against illegal seasrch and seizure...
Went down steadily
1.4 million
Determined by judge -statutory requirements and jury recommendation
The search of abandoned property - the search of an open field - the fly-over search of property

8. From 1995 to 2005 - the crime rate in the U.S...
Is favorable because it increases efficiency
Went down steadily
1. Investigate; 2. Intake; 3. Diagnosis; 4. Supervision; Risk Classification
1. First time offender; 2. Non-violent or status offender; 3. Alcahol or drug problem

9. The PRIMARY work of state law enforcement agencies involve...
Whether the person intentionally committed the act
Counting the number of rapes in the U.S.
Assembly line
Highway Patrol

10. Is female involvement in violent crime increasing or decreasing?
Maximum-Security
Increasing
The place and its charecteristics
1. Investigate; 2. Intake; 3. Diagnosis; 4. Supervision; Risk Classification

11. What is General Deterrence?
Whent he punishment of one offender deters others
Enter a plea
Guaranteed by the 6th amendment.
Insanity - battared woman syndrome - status as a juvenile

12. A community-based correctional facility that houses inmates before their outright released so that they can become gradually acclimatd to conventional society.
Parole
Shock Probation
Halfway House
Miranda Waivers are particularly relevent to juveniles

13. A defendent who lacks the funds to hire a private attorney and is therefore entitled to free counsel.
16
Loyalty is a critical component of the police subculture
Indigent Defendant
Accountability of private police to legal standards of policing and equity in treatment of rich and poor areas

14. Problem of Re-entry
1. Large numbers of re-entering inmates; 2. Legal prohibition on kinds of employment; 3. Limits on obtaining licenses; 4. Restriction on freedom of movment
Established that juveniles should be rehabilitated not punished and that children should not be treated as adults
Judge directs jury to acquit the defendant because the prosecution has fail to prove the elements of the crime according to legal standards
Restorative Justice

15. Determinate Sentencing
A fixed term of incarceration
1. Incapactation; 2. Deterrence; 3. Moral 'an eye for an eye'; 4. Proportionality; 5. Public Opinion; 6. Low chance of error
A crime that is considered especially immoral
Assembly line

16. Problems of Parole
1. personal deficits; 2. social deficit; 3. Economic deficits; 4. Marriage and family deficits
7 Million Americans
An example of the criminal defense of Justification
Public Defender

17. Verdict
$200 billion
Self-incrimination
Whether the person intentionally committed the act
1. guilty; 2. not guilty; 3. hung jury

18. Trial Process
1. Jury Selection; 2. Opening Statement; 3. Prosecution Case; 4. Motion for Directed Verdict; 5. Closing Argument; 6. Direction to Jury; 7. Verdict; 8. Sentence; 9. Appeal
7 Million Americans
Can earn 10 to 15 days per month and sentence reduction
Parole

19. Levying a money payment on offenders to compensate society for their misdeeds
Depression and loneliness are common and inmates must learn coping behaviors
Halfway House
Accountability of private police to legal standards of policing and equity in treatment of rich and poor areas
Fine

20. An attorney employed by the government to represent criminal defenders who cannot afford to pay for a lawyer.
Furlough
If the punishment is 6 months in prisonment or more
Public Defender
Intermediate Sanctions

21. The initial reaction in prison is usually...
1. Probability of error; 2. Unfair use of discretion; 3. Misplaced vengeance; 4. Weak public support; 5. Little deterrent effect; 6. Race/Gender biases; 7. Brutal; 8. Expensive
Depression and loneliness are common and inmates must learn coping behaviors
18
1. General Deterrence; 2. Specific Deterrence; 3. Incapaition; 4. Rehab; 5. Restitution

22. The peak age for involvement in property crimes in the U.S is...
Enter a plea
16
6 person jury is required by law jury must come to unanminous verdit
Lengthy prison term for 3rd felony offense even if it is a minor offense

23. Three Strikes Law
There were too many police errors to trust the police evidence
Lengthy prison term for 3rd felony offense even if it is a minor offense
Police training - fingerprinting - and polygraph tests
The local police

24. The officers of the London Metropolitan Police...
Were considered highly educated in their time period
Defense Attorney
Make-believe family
1.4 million

25. Mens reas is important in determining if a person can be held criminally responsible and refers specifically to...
Public Defender
1. Severity of offense; 2. Prior criminal record; 3. Use of violence; 4. Use of weapons; 5. Motivation (money)
Whether the person intentionally committed the act
18

26. Packer describes the crime models criminal justice system operating like an...
Insanity - battared woman syndrome - status as a juvenile
Total Instutution
Assembly line
Community Service Restitution

27. What was significant about the Illinois Juvenile Court Act of 1899?
Increasing
Established that juveniles should be rehabilitated not punished and that children should not be treated as adults
Obstacle course
For criminal trials - the evidentairy standard is proof beyond a reasonable doubt

28. The newest form of a maximum-security prison that uses high-level securtity mesasure to incapacitate the nation's most dangerous criminals. Most inmates are in lockdown 23 hours per day.
Super Maximum-Security Prison
Supreme court has established that criminal trials must remain public
Community Treatment
90%

29. The attempt by correctional agencies to maintain convicted offenders in the community instead of a secure facilty it includes probation - parole and residential programs.
Highway Patrol
Community Treatment
7 Million Americans
Halfway House

30. The Conflict View of criminal definitions assumes that criminal law expresses...
Make-believe family
Furlough
1. Investigate; 2. Intake; 3. Diagnosis; 4. Supervision; Risk Classification
The views of powerful elites in society

31. Challenged for cause
Should be whether the defendent has sufficient present ability to consult with defendents lawyers and defend one's self
About 10 felony arrests per month
1. Severity of offense; 2. Prior criminal record; 3. Use of violence; 4. Use of weapons; 5. Motivation (money)
If juror might be biased; if juror has knowledge of case; if unable to be impartial

32. Right to public trial
Commonly classified as Persons in Need of Supervision (PINS) or Children in Need of Supervision (CHINS)
45 states have provisions that allow judges to transer cases to the adult court room
Supreme court has established that criminal trials must remain public
Lengthy prison term for 3rd felony offense even if it is a minor offense

33. What is the criteria to determine whether someone is entitled to jury trial?
About 20% and most police departments require at least an associates degree
If the punishment is 6 months in prisonment or more
Shock Probation
Day Fees

34. The average officers makes how many felony arrests per month?
Sentence served one after another
Tend to be in opposition to mainstream cultural values
About 10 felony arrests per month
Rational - self- intersted and hedonistic

35. Competent Standard

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36. Right to an impartial judge
Judge should excuse himself or herself in there is a conflict of interest
Recoupment
7 Million Americans
Forfeiture

37. About how many people are in prisons in the US?
45 states have provisions that allow judges to transer cases to the adult court room
1.4 million
1. prison farms and camps; 2. Shock Incarations; 3. Community correctional facilities; 4. Private prisons
Penitentiary House

38. A correctional policy that allow inates to leave the institution for vocational or educational training - for employment - or to maintain famly ties.
Furlough
Private attorneys
Committed an act in violation of the penal code
Televised coverage is not permitted in federal courts

39. A prison treatment program that allows inmates to be released during the day to work in the community and return to prison at night.
1. General Deterrence; 2. Specific Deterrence; 3. Incapaition; 4. Rehab; 5. Restitution
Police training - fingerprinting - and polygraph tests
Work Release
Fine

40. Right to compulsory process
The right to compel witnesses via subpoena
Private attorneys
Social agent
Shock Incarceration

41. Are arrest rates of drug-related crime higher or lower then they were in the 1970's?
Higher
Whether the person intentionally committed the act
Defense Attorney
Revocation

42. The use of an alternative to trial - such as referral to treament or employment programs.
Responding to calls of service not chasing down criminals or making arrests
Diversion
18
Trial by a judge without jury

43. Stare decisis refers to the concept that legal decisions should be based on...
Established customs and traditions
Shock Incarceration
Tend to be in opposition to mainstream cultural values
Inmate must serve at least 85% of sentence imposed by court

44. How many percent of criminal defendents are considered indigent?
Tend to be in opposition to mainstream cultural values
90%
Work Release
Selected random from tax records - Driver's Liscence records and voter registration

45. A correctional institution for those convicted of major crimes
Penitentiary House
1. Jury Selection; 2. Opening Statement; 3. Prosecution Case; 4. Motion for Directed Verdict; 5. Closing Argument; 6. Direction to Jury; 7. Verdict; 8. Sentence; 9. Appeal
Loyalty is a critical component of the police subculture
1. personal deficits; 2. social deficit; 3. Economic deficits; 4. Marriage and family deficits

46. NCVS crime statistics are likely to be better then the UCR crimes statistics in...
Illegally obtained confessions - cruel and unusual punishment and an impartial jury
Counting the number of rapes in the U.S.
Established customs and traditions
Defines what is criminal behavior and appropriate punishments

47. According to Cohen's sub-culture or cultural deviance theory - gang values...
Boot Camp
Tend to be in opposition to mainstream cultural values
Most are in minimum security and are less violent
The U.S. Marshall

48. The sentence
Determined by judge -statutory requirements and jury recommendation
Property crimes
The accused must be brought to trial within 100 days of being arrested
1. prison farms and camps; 2. Shock Incarations; 3. Community correctional facilities; 4. Private prisons

49. What is one problem with eye-witnesses?
They frequently mistake the indentity of suspects
Went down steadily
Indigent Defendant
New York (Auburn) System

50. Packer describes the due process model of the criminal justice system operating like an...
Televised coverage is not permitted in federal courts
Sentence served one after another
Insanity - battared woman syndrome - status as a juvenile
Obstacle course