Test your basic knowledge |

Criminal Justice

Subject : law

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. A sentence entailing the conditional release of a convicted offender into the community under the supervision of the court
Halfway House
When a jury member is challenged for no reason
Young males - unemployed or low income - prior criminal record or history
Probation

2. A short term militaristic correctional facility in which inmates undergo intensive physical conditioning and discipline.
Boot Camp
The local police
nolle prosequi
Prison

3. Factors that Influence Sentencing
Insanity - battared woman syndrome - status as a juvenile
Sentence served simultaneously
1. Severity of offense; 2. Prior criminal record; 3. Use of violence; 4. Use of weapons; 5. Motivation (money)
Self-defense and insanity

4. What is General Deterrence?
Whent he punishment of one offender deters others
A fixed term of incarceration
The procedural criminal law
There were too many police errors to trust the police evidence

5. Mandatory Sentence
Lengthy prison term for 3rd felony offense even if it is a minor offense
Trial by a judge without jury
At least four justices have to agree that it should be heard by the Supreme Court and a writ of certiorari must be filed with the Supreme Court
Statutory requirement - limits judges power

6. The majority of criminal cases in the U.S are investigated by...
Responding to calls of service not chasing down criminals or making arrests
Enter a plea
The local police
15 states allow the prosecutor to decide

7. The group of punishment falling between probation and prison. Community-based sanction - including house arrest and intensive supervision - serve as alternatives to incarceration.
Loyalty is a critical component of the police subculture
Social agent
Intermediate Sanctions
Counting the number of rapes in the U.S.

8. Physical punishment or punishment that is far in excess of that given to people under similar circumstances and is therefore banned by the eighth amendment. The death penalty has so far not been considered cruel and unusual if it is administered in f
Cruel and Unusual Punishment
Guaranteed by the 6th amendment defendent may choose to waive the right to cousel and self-represent
1. First time offender; 2. Non-violent or status offender; 3. Alcahol or drug problem
Work Release

9. Probation failure correlates to...
Prison
1. prison farms and camps; 2. Shock Incarations; 3. Community correctional facilities; 4. Private prisons
Young males - unemployed or low income - prior criminal record or history
Obstacle course

10. Truth in Sentencing
Inmate must serve at least 85% of sentence imposed by court
1. Jury Selection; 2. Opening Statement; 3. Prosecution Case; 4. Motion for Directed Verdict; 5. Closing Argument; 6. Direction to Jury; 7. Verdict; 8. Sentence; 9. Appeal
1. personal deficits; 2. social deficit; 3. Economic deficits; 4. Marriage and family deficits
Selected random from tax records - Driver's Liscence records and voter registration

11. Models of sentencing
1. Investigate; 2. Intake; 3. Diagnosis; 4. Supervision; Risk Classification
Fine
1. determinate; 2. mandatory; 3. interminate
Should treat people of different classes equitably

12. What are considered problems with UCR statistics?
At least four justices have to agree that it should be heard by the Supreme Court and a writ of certiorari must be filed with the Supreme Court
The accused must be brought to trial within 100 days of being arrested
Unreported crimes - police corruption - police errors
Most widely used type of sentence - goal is to indivdualize punishment

13. The process in which a probation officer settles cases at the initial appearance before the onset of formal criminal proceeding.
Probation Rules
Summer
Judge directs jury to acquit the defendant because the prosecution has fail to prove the elements of the crime according to legal standards
Intake

14. Some of the policing reforms that August Vollmer proposed include...
Should be whether the defendent has sufficient present ability to consult with defendents lawyers and defend one's self
Police training - fingerprinting - and polygraph tests
Judge directs jury to acquit the defendant because the prosecution has fail to prove the elements of the crime according to legal standards
An example of the criminal defense of Justification

15. According to Freud's psychological theory - deviant behavior is the result of...
Unresolved personality conflicts in early childhood
Public Defender
Shock Incarceration
The procedural criminal law

16. What are the Defendants Legal Rights at Trial?
Penitentiary House
Community Service Restitution
Furlough
1. Impartial Judge; 2. Competent to Stand Trial; 3. Confront Witnesses; 4. Compulsory Process; 5. Impartial Jury; 6. Counsul; 7. Speedy Trial; 8. Public Trial

17. Delinquents
Super Maximum-Security Prison
Minimum-Security Prison
Committed an act in violation of the penal code
Counting the number of rapes in the U.S.

18. A community-based correctional facility that houses inmates before their outright released so that they can become gradually acclimatd to conventional society.
Halfway House
Test for one's competents to stand trial
Rational - self- intersted and hedonistic
Were considered highly educated in their time period

19. The sizure of personal property by the state as a civil or criminal penalty.
1. Probability of error; 2. Unfair use of discretion; 3. Misplaced vengeance; 4. Weak public support; 5. Little deterrent effect; 6. Race/Gender biases; 7. Brutal; 8. Expensive
Forfeiture
Should treat people of different classes equitably
A crime that is considered especially immoral

20. The 4th Amendment protects citizens from what?
Established that juveniles should be rehabilitated not punished and that children should not be treated as adults
Illegally obtained confessions - cruel and unusual punishment and an impartial jury
Tend to be in opposition to mainstream cultural values
16

21. Judicial Waiver
1. Investigate; 2. Intake; 3. Diagnosis; 4. Supervision; Risk Classification
Social agent
Diversion
45 states have provisions that allow judges to transer cases to the adult court room

22. The least secure institution that houses white-colar and nonviolent offenders - maintains few security measures - and has liberal furlough and visitation policies.
Unreported crimes - police corruption - police errors
Public Defender
Minimum-Security Prison
Sentence served simultaneously

23. Stare decisis refers to the concept that legal decisions should be based on...
Guaranteed by the 6th amendment defendent may choose to waive the right to cousel and self-represent
1. determinate; 2. mandatory; 3. interminate
Established customs and traditions
Pennsylvania System

24. A sentence in which offenders serve a short prison term before they begin probation - to impress them with the pain of imprisonment.
Most are in minimum security and are less violent
Private attorneys
Shock Probation
Grand Jury

25. Are tv camara's aloud in federal court?
Televised coverage is not permitted in federal courts
Boot Camp
Public Defender
Depression and loneliness are common and inmates must learn coping behaviors

26. How many percent of criminal defendents are considered indigent?
Marriage
1. Incapactation; 2. Deterrence; 3. Moral 'an eye for an eye'; 4. Proportionality; 5. Public Opinion; 6. Low chance of error
Guaranteed by the 6th amendment.
90%

27. During the araignment phase of the court process - defendants...
Enter a plea
Probation Rules
Televised coverage is not permitted in federal courts
Forfeiture

28. A correctional policy that allow inates to leave the institution for vocational or educational training - for employment - or to maintain famly ties.
At least four justices have to agree that it should be heard by the Supreme Court and a writ of certiorari must be filed with the Supreme Court
Furlough
1. prison farms and camps; 2. Shock Incarations; 3. Community correctional facilities; 4. Private prisons
If juror might be biased; if juror has knowledge of case; if unable to be impartial

29. Concurrent Sentence
Pennsylvania System
Self-defense and insanity
Televised coverage is not permitted in federal courts
Sentence served simultaneously

30. An attorney employed by the government to represent criminal defenders who cannot afford to pay for a lawyer.
If the punishment is 6 months in prisonment or more
Property crimes
They frequently mistake the indentity of suspects
Public Defender

31. According to choice theories of crime (classical school) - humans are'
Probation
Rational - self- intersted and hedonistic
Defense Attorney
The place and its charecteristics

32. According to the Supreme Court - the following activities would not violate individual protections against illegal seasrch and seizure...
Sentence served one after another
1. First time offender; 2. Non-violent or status offender; 3. Alcahol or drug problem
18
The search of abandoned property - the search of an open field - the fly-over search of property

33. Statutory Jurisdiction
The right to compel witnesses via subpoena
Can earn 10 to 15 days per month and sentence reduction
29 states automatically exclude some offenses from juvenile court (EX. Rape/Murder)
Young males - unemployed or low income - prior criminal record or history

34. Right to be competent at trail

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

35. What are characteristics of inmates
15 states allow the prosecutor to decide
Young - male - minority - poor
Targets low level quality of life crimes to eliminate disorder in the community
Forfeiture

36. A correctional institution for those convicted of major crimes
Is favorable because it increases efficiency
Judge directs jury to acquit the defendant because the prosecution has fail to prove the elements of the crime according to legal standards
Penitentiary House
Indigent Defendant

37. A place to detain people awaiting trial - to serve as a lockup for drunks and disorderly individuals - and to confine convicted misdemeanants serving sentences of less then ten
Should be whether the defendent has sufficient present ability to consult with defendents lawyers and defend one's self
Jail
Loyalty is a critical component of the police subculture
Subpoena

38. Jury Selection

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

39. Problem of Re-entry
Furlough
Lengthy prison term for 3rd felony offense even if it is a minor offense
The U.S. Marshall
1. Large numbers of re-entering inmates; 2. Legal prohibition on kinds of employment; 3. Limits on obtaining licenses; 4. Restriction on freedom of movment

40. Consecutive sentence
Unresolved personality conflicts in early childhood
Sentence served one after another
Collecting taxes and supervising elections
1. Investigate; 2. Intake; 3. Diagnosis; 4. Supervision; Risk Classification

41. Legal counsel for the defendant in a criminal case - representing to final appeal.
Defense Attorney
Should treat people of different classes equitably
Anger Managment
Probation Rules

42. From 1995 to 2005 - the crime rate in the U.S...
If the officer supects that the person carrying weapons
Went down steadily
Jail
1. Concurrent Jurisdiction; 2. Statutory Jurisdiction; 3. Judicial Waiver

43. What is Duress?
An example of the criminal defense of Justification
Unresolved personality conflicts in early childhood
Is favorable because it increases efficiency
Rational - self- intersted and hedonistic

44. The Supreme Court descison on NO EXCEPTIONS said that...
Day Fees
Jail
All evidence that is obtained illegally must be thrown out from the use at trial
Is favorable because it increases efficiency

45. A state of federal correctional institution for incarceration of felony offenders for term of one year or more.
Maximum-Security
18
Judge should excuse himself or herself in there is a conflict of interest
Prison

46. What did the BAIL REFORM ACT of 1984 establish?
Work Release
1. guilty; 2. not guilty; 3. hung jury
The FBI
PRESUMPTION of DETENTION to limit the release of suspects on bail

47. Packer describes the crime models criminal justice system operating like an...
Were considered highly educated in their time period
The death penalty only applies to first degree murder and only when aggravating circumstances are present
The local police
Assembly line

48. The peak age for involvement in property crimes in the U.S is...
There were too many police errors to trust the police evidence
16
1. Large numbers of re-entering inmates; 2. Legal prohibition on kinds of employment; 3. Limits on obtaining licenses; 4. Restriction on freedom of movment
They frequently mistake the indentity of suspects

49. Concurrent Jursidiction
About 20% and most police departments require at least an associates degree
Illegally obtained confessions - cruel and unusual punishment and an impartial jury
The procedural criminal law
15 states allow the prosecutor to decide

50. Right to an impartial jury
Restorative Justice
Boot Camp
Work Release
6 person jury is required by law jury must come to unanminous verdit