Test your basic knowledge |

Criminal Justice

Subject : law

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Right to confront witnesses
Guaranteed by the 6th amendment.
Marriage
Illegally obtained confessions - cruel and unusual punishment and an impartial jury
Targets low level quality of life crimes to eliminate disorder in the community

2. Three Strikes Law
Lengthy prison term for 3rd felony offense even if it is a minor offense
Minimum-Security Prison
Police training - fingerprinting - and polygraph tests
Test for one's competents to stand trial

3. Is female involvement in violent crime increasing or decreasing?
A fixed term of incarceration
Indigent Defendant
1. Severity of offense; 2. Prior criminal record; 3. Use of violence; 4. Use of weapons; 5. Motivation (money)
Increasing

4. Trial Process
1. Jury Selection; 2. Opening Statement; 3. Prosecution Case; 4. Motion for Directed Verdict; 5. Closing Argument; 6. Direction to Jury; 7. Verdict; 8. Sentence; 9. Appeal
1. guilty; 2. not guilty; 3. hung jury
Fine
Shock Incarceration

5. Good time
An example of the criminal defense of Justification
Probation
Can earn 10 to 15 days per month and sentence reduction
Maximum-Security

6. Truth in Sentencing
Juvenile records are confidential; in recent years states have passed statutes to allow for records to be accessed by court order
Inmate must serve at least 85% of sentence imposed by court
7 Million Americans
A crime that is considered especially immoral

7. What are the Defendants Legal Rights at Trial?
Highway Patrol
Collecting taxes and supervising elections
1. Impartial Judge; 2. Competent to Stand Trial; 3. Confront Witnesses; 4. Compulsory Process; 5. Impartial Jury; 6. Counsul; 7. Speedy Trial; 8. Public Trial
Total Instutution

8. Why are investigations of police misconduct tricky?
1. Jury Selection; 2. Opening Statement; 3. Prosecution Case; 4. Motion for Directed Verdict; 5. Closing Argument; 6. Direction to Jury; 7. Verdict; 8. Sentence; 9. Appeal
Loyalty is a critical component of the police subculture
16
House Arrest

9. Indeterminate Sentencing
Most widely used type of sentence - goal is to indivdualize punishment
Self-incrimination
Established customs and traditions
Restorative Justice

10. In order for a case to be heard by the Supreme Court...
If the officer supects that the person carrying weapons
Minimum-Security Prison
At least four justices have to agree that it should be heard by the Supreme Court and a writ of certiorari must be filed with the Supreme Court
Fine

11. Broken window policing is a strategy in which police officer...
Commonly classified as Persons in Need of Supervision (PINS) or Children in Need of Supervision (CHINS)
House Arrest
1. Severity of offense; 2. Prior criminal record; 3. Use of violence; 4. Use of weapons; 5. Motivation (money)
Targets low level quality of life crimes to eliminate disorder in the community

12. What is the criteria to determine whether someone is entitled to jury trial?
The local police
If the punishment is 6 months in prisonment or more
Make-believe family
Highway Patrol

13. A prison system - developed in Pennsylvania during the nineteeth centry - based on total isolation and individual pentence.
The right to compel witnesses via subpoena
Pennsylvania System
Marriage
Grand Jury

14. From 1995 to 2005 - the crime rate in the U.S...
No - jury trials are NOT very common in the U.S.
Can earn 10 to 15 days per month and sentence reduction
Parole
Went down steadily

15. A program requiring probationers to pay in part for the costs of their treatment.
It has been long routine in penal instutitions; there are 123 rape victims per 1000 inmates. According to inmates prison staff commit more crimes then other inmates
Should treat people of different classes equitably
Anger Managment
Day Fees

16. How many percent of criminal defendents are considered indigent?
The local police
90%
Illegally obtained confessions - cruel and unusual punishment and an impartial jury
Diversion

17. A community-based correctional facility that houses inmates before their outright released so that they can become gradually acclimatd to conventional society.
Halfway House
Commonly classified as Persons in Need of Supervision (PINS) or Children in Need of Supervision (CHINS)
Cruel and Unusual Punishment
Social agent

18. A short prison sentence served in boot camp-type facilities
Substantive Rights
Shock Incarceration
They frequently mistake the indentity of suspects
The right to compel witnesses via subpoena

19. Stare decisis refers to the concept that legal decisions should be based on...
About 10 felony arrests per month
Committed an act in violation of the penal code
Established customs and traditions
Higher

20. According to Sampson and Laub's age-graded theory of crime - a developmental theory - the following points are associated with reduced recidivism...
Fine
The place and its charecteristics
Marriage
Cruel and Unusual Punishment

21. The Supreme Court descison on NO EXCEPTIONS said that...
If the punishment is 6 months in prisonment or more
All evidence that is obtained illegally must be thrown out from the use at trial
The procedural criminal law
Indigent Defendant

22. Factors that Influence Sentencing
Intake
1. Severity of offense; 2. Prior criminal record; 3. Use of violence; 4. Use of weapons; 5. Motivation (money)
Social agent
Illegally obtained confessions - cruel and unusual punishment and an impartial jury

23. Right to an impartial jury
1. Investigate; 2. Intake; 3. Diagnosis; 4. Supervision; Risk Classification
Probation Rules
6 person jury is required by law jury must come to unanminous verdit
Accountability of private police to legal standards of policing and equity in treatment of rich and poor areas

24. Statutory Jurisdiction
Parole
29 states automatically exclude some offenses from juvenile court (EX. Rape/Murder)
At least four justices have to agree that it should be heard by the Supreme Court and a writ of certiorari must be filed with the Supreme Court
Should be whether the defendent has sufficient present ability to consult with defendents lawyers and defend one's self

25. Problem of Re-entry
The local police
Shock Incarceration
1. Large numbers of re-entering inmates; 2. Legal prohibition on kinds of employment; 3. Limits on obtaining licenses; 4. Restriction on freedom of movment
Pennsylvania System

26. During the araignment phase of the court process - defendants...
Parole
90%
The place and its charecteristics
Enter a plea

27. Are tv camara's aloud in federal court?
Property crimes
Televised coverage is not permitted in federal courts
Pre-Sentence Investigation
Is favorable because it increases efficiency

28. A correctional institution that houses dangerous felons and maintains strict security measure - high walls - and limited contact with the outside world.
Insanity - battared woman syndrome - status as a juvenile
Maximum-Security
1. determinate; 2. mandatory; 3. interminate
Anger Managment

29. Motion for a direct verdict
The search of abandoned property - the search of an open field - the fly-over search of property
Property crimes
Judge directs jury to acquit the defendant because the prosecution has fail to prove the elements of the crime according to legal standards
Televised coverage is not permitted in federal courts

30. The average officers makes how many felony arrests per month?
About 10 felony arrests per month
1. determinate; 2. mandatory; 3. interminate
$200 billion
45 states have provisions that allow judges to transer cases to the adult court room

31. Physical punishment or punishment that is far in excess of that given to people under similar circumstances and is therefore banned by the eighth amendment. The death penalty has so far not been considered cruel and unusual if it is administered in f
Commonly classified as Persons in Need of Supervision (PINS) or Children in Need of Supervision (CHINS)
The views of powerful elites in society
Selected random from tax records - Driver's Liscence records and voter registration
Cruel and Unusual Punishment

32. Right to be competent at trail

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

33. The decision by a prosecuttor to drop a case after a complaint has been made because of - for examples - insufficatient edvidence.
The views of powerful elites in society
Subpoena
Unresolved personality conflicts in early childhood
nolle prosequi

34. According to Cohen's sub-culture or cultural deviance theory - gang values...
Tend to be in opposition to mainstream cultural values
nolle prosequi
Diversion
The place and its charecteristics

35. Consecutive sentence
Furlough
Sentence served one after another
Enter a plea
Depression and loneliness are common and inmates must learn coping behaviors

36. A condition of probation in which the offender repays society or the victim of crime for the trouble the offender caused.
Restitution
Most are in minimum security and are less violent
Forfeiture
For criminal trials - the evidentairy standard is proof beyond a reasonable doubt

37. Are arrest rates of drug-related crime higher or lower then they were in the 1970's?
Loyalty is a critical component of the police subculture
Higher
Day Fees
1. Severity of offense; 2. Prior criminal record; 3. Use of violence; 4. Use of weapons; 5. Motivation (money)

38. What was significant about the Illinois Juvenile Court Act of 1899?
Established that juveniles should be rehabilitated not punished and that children should not be treated as adults
No - jury trials are NOT very common in the U.S.
Juvenile records are confidential; in recent years states have passed statutes to allow for records to be accessed by court order
Intake

39. A correctional institution for those convicted of major crimes
Penitentiary House
Can earn 10 to 15 days per month and sentence reduction
Probation
1. Probability of error; 2. Unfair use of discretion; 3. Misplaced vengeance; 4. Weak public support; 5. Little deterrent effect; 6. Race/Gender biases; 7. Brutal; 8. Expensive

40. According to social reaction/labeling theory - some young people become criminals because...
Society expects them to be criminals
When a jury member is challenged for no reason
29 states automatically exclude some offenses from juvenile court (EX. Rape/Murder)
Prison

41. The early release of a prisoner from imprisonment subject to conditions set by correctional authorites.
Most widely used type of sentence - goal is to indivdualize punishment
Parole
1. guilty; 2. not guilty; 3. hung jury
90%

42. Common concerns with the privatization of policing includes...
Judge should excuse himself or herself in there is a conflict of interest
Accountability of private police to legal standards of policing and equity in treatment of rich and poor areas
Sentence served one after another
1. determinate; 2. mandatory; 3. interminate

43. Jury Selection

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

44. Bench Trial
Trial by a judge without jury
About 10 felony arrests per month
Jail
1. Jury Selection; 2. Opening Statement; 3. Prosecution Case; 4. Motion for Directed Verdict; 5. Closing Argument; 6. Direction to Jury; 7. Verdict; 8. Sentence; 9. Appeal

45. Status Offenders
The right to compel witnesses via subpoena
New York (Auburn) System
Commonly classified as Persons in Need of Supervision (PINS) or Children in Need of Supervision (CHINS)
Accountability of private police to legal standards of policing and equity in treatment of rich and poor areas

46. A prison treatment program that allows inmates to be released during the day to work in the community and return to prison at night.
1. guilty; 2. not guilty; 3. hung jury
Targets low level quality of life crimes to eliminate disorder in the community
Work Release
Anger Managment

47. The Conflict View of criminal definitions assumes that criminal law expresses...
About 10 felony arrests per month
Work Release
The views of powerful elites in society
1. Investigate; 2. Intake; 3. Diagnosis; 4. Supervision; Risk Classification

48. NCVS crime statistics are likely to be better then the UCR crimes statistics in...
The death penalty only applies to first degree murder and only when aggravating circumstances are present
Collecting taxes and supervising elections
Counting the number of rapes in the U.S.
90%

49. Verdict
The U.S. Marshall
Assembly line
Self-defense and insanity
1. guilty; 2. not guilty; 3. hung jury

50. Mens reas is important in determining if a person can be held criminally responsible and refers specifically to...
Should be whether the defendent has sufficient present ability to consult with defendents lawyers and defend one's self
Sentence served simultaneously
Established customs and traditions
Whether the person intentionally committed the act