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Criminal Justice

Subject : law

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. The early release of a prisoner from imprisonment subject to conditions set by correctional authorites.
Young - male - minority - poor
Parole
29 states automatically exclude some offenses from juvenile court (EX. Rape/Murder)
Police training - fingerprinting - and polygraph tests

2. The Supreme Court descison on NO EXCEPTIONS said that...
All evidence that is obtained illegally must be thrown out from the use at trial
7 Million Americans
Intake
Committed an act in violation of the penal code

3. A prison system - developed in New York during the nineteenth centry - based on congregate work during the day and seperaton at night.
About 20% and most police departments require at least an associates degree
Guaranteed by the 6th amendment defendent may choose to waive the right to cousel and self-represent
New York (Auburn) System
The views of powerful elites in society

4. A correctional policy that allow inates to leave the institution for vocational or educational training - for employment - or to maintain famly ties.
They frequently mistake the indentity of suspects
Committed an act in violation of the penal code
Furlough
Work Release

5. Packer describes the crime models criminal justice system operating like an...
Assembly line
Defense Attorney
Judge should excuse himself or herself in there is a conflict of interest
Self-incrimination

6. What is the criteria to determine whether someone is entitled to jury trial?
If the punishment is 6 months in prisonment or more
Shock Incarceration
Guaranteed by the 6th amendment defendent may choose to waive the right to cousel and self-represent
Forfeiture

7. What are the three systems to transfer juveniles to adult court?
1. guilty; 2. not guilty; 3. hung jury
Forfeiture
1. Concurrent Jurisdiction; 2. Statutory Jurisdiction; 3. Judicial Waiver
Counting the number of rapes in the U.S.

8. An attorney employed by the government to represent criminal defenders who cannot afford to pay for a lawyer.
Claiming he/she did not have effective counsul - claiming the plea was not made voluntarily and claiming that the prosecuter did not keep his/her promises made in the agreement
Forfeiture
Public Defender
The views of powerful elites in society

9. Process by which the state later recovers some or all of the cost of providing free legal counsel to an indigent defendant.
When a jury member is challenged for no reason
Recoupment
1. guilty; 2. not guilty; 3. hung jury
The procedural criminal law

10. An investigation performed by a probation officer attached to a trial court after the conviction of a defendent.
Pre-Sentence Investigation
Young - male - minority - poor
1.4 million
Higher

11. Mens reas is important in determining if a person can be held criminally responsible and refers specifically to...
The U.S. Marshall
Whether the person intentionally committed the act
Total Instutution
Test for one's competents to stand trial

12. A sentence entailing the conditional release of a convicted offender into the community under the supervision of the court
1. guilty; 2. not guilty; 3. hung jury
Probation
Minimum-Security Prison
45 states have provisions that allow judges to transer cases to the adult court room

13. In the common law - a crime that is considered mala in se is...
Public Defender
Is favorable because it increases efficiency
1. General Deterrence; 2. Specific Deterrence; 3. Incapaition; 4. Rehab; 5. Restitution
A crime that is considered especially immoral

14. A correctional institution for those convicted of major crimes
Penitentiary House
Property crimes
Selected random from tax records - Driver's Liscence records and voter registration
Minimum-Security Prison

15. A prison treatment program that allows inmates to be released during the day to work in the community and return to prison at night.
Work Release
Trial by a judge without jury
Cruel and Unusual Punishment
Private attorneys

16. A sentence in which offenders serve a short prison term before they begin probation - to impress them with the pain of imprisonment.
All evidence that is obtained illegally must be thrown out from the use at trial
Trial by a judge without jury
Shock Probation
Self-defense and insanity

17. Peremptory Challenge
Probation Rules
When a jury member is challenged for no reason
Established customs and traditions
Insanity - battared woman syndrome - status as a juvenile

18. A court order requiring a witness to appear in court at a specified time and place.
1. Jury Selection; 2. Opening Statement; 3. Prosecution Case; 4. Motion for Directed Verdict; 5. Closing Argument; 6. Direction to Jury; 7. Verdict; 8. Sentence; 9. Appeal
Subpoena
Total Instutution
About 10 felony arrests per month

19. According to the stop and frisk rule - established by the Terry vs Ohio case a police officer may stop and frisk a person...
No - jury trials are NOT very common in the U.S.
If the officer supects that the person carrying weapons
Halfway House
Day Fees

20. Verdict
The views of powerful elites in society
Shock Probation
Guaranteed by the 6th amendment defendent may choose to waive the right to cousel and self-represent
1. guilty; 2. not guilty; 3. hung jury

21. In female prisons - substitute family groups with a faux father - mother and siblings.
Intake
Highway Patrol
Make-believe family
Inmate must serve at least 85% of sentence imposed by court

22. Are tv camara's aloud in federal court?
Parole
Prison
Revocation
Televised coverage is not permitted in federal courts

23. A place to detain people awaiting trial - to serve as a lockup for drunks and disorderly individuals - and to confine convicted misdemeanants serving sentences of less then ten
Parole
Jail
About 20% and most police departments require at least an associates degree
1. Jury Selection; 2. Opening Statement; 3. Prosecution Case; 4. Motion for Directed Verdict; 5. Closing Argument; 6. Direction to Jury; 7. Verdict; 8. Sentence; 9. Appeal

24. Right to an impartial judge
Society expects them to be criminals
Social agent
The procedural criminal law
Judge should excuse himself or herself in there is a conflict of interest

25. What do police officers spend most of their time on patrol doing?
Responding to calls of service not chasing down criminals or making arrests
Highway Patrol
Young males - unemployed or low income - prior criminal record or history
Boot Camp

26. Sir Robert Peel believed that police officers should...
Penitentiary House
Selected random from tax records - Driver's Liscence records and voter registration
Unreported crimes - police corruption - police errors
Should treat people of different classes equitably

27. From 1995 to 2005 - the crime rate in the U.S...
Highway Patrol
Depression and loneliness are common and inmates must learn coping behaviors
1. prison farms and camps; 2. Shock Incarations; 3. Community correctional facilities; 4. Private prisons
Went down steadily

28. A community-based correctional facility that houses inmates before their outright released so that they can become gradually acclimatd to conventional society.
The right to compel witnesses via subpoena
Miranda Waivers are particularly relevent to juveniles
Halfway House
Self-defense and insanity

29. What was significant about the Illinois Juvenile Court Act of 1899?
The local police
The FBI
nolle prosequi
Established that juveniles should be rehabilitated not punished and that children should not be treated as adults

30. What are considered problems with UCR statistics?
Unreported crimes - police corruption - police errors
At least four justices have to agree that it should be heard by the Supreme Court and a writ of certiorari must be filed with the Supreme Court
Trial by a judge without jury
Is favorable because it increases efficiency

31. What percentage of police departments require officers to have a college degree?
Minimum-Security Prison
About 20% and most police departments require at least an associates degree
Self-incrimination
Inmate must serve at least 85% of sentence imposed by court

32. A group of citizens chosen to hear charges against persons accused of crime and to determine whether there is sufficient evidence to bring the person to trial.
Grand Jury
Restorative Justice
Marriage
Summer

33. What is one problem with eye-witnesses?
Private attorneys
They frequently mistake the indentity of suspects
Judge should excuse himself or herself in there is a conflict of interest
The U.S. Marshall

34. According to Cohen's sub-culture or cultural deviance theory - gang values...
Tend to be in opposition to mainstream cultural values
Guaranteed by the 6th amendment defendent may choose to waive the right to cousel and self-represent
No - jury trials are NOT very common in the U.S.
Young - male - minority - poor

35. The group of punishment falling between probation and prison. Community-based sanction - including house arrest and intensive supervision - serve as alternatives to incarceration.
Property crimes
Police training - fingerprinting - and polygraph tests
Intermediate Sanctions
Highway Patrol

36. Right to an impartial jury
The accused must be brought to trial within 100 days of being arrested
6 person jury is required by law jury must come to unanminous verdit
Shock Incarceration
Inmate must serve at least 85% of sentence imposed by court

37. Evidentiary Standard
Probation Rules
90%
For criminal trials - the evidentairy standard is proof beyond a reasonable doubt
Established customs and traditions

38. Right to be competent at trail

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39. Good time
1. prison farms and camps; 2. Shock Incarations; 3. Community correctional facilities; 4. Private prisons
Can earn 10 to 15 days per month and sentence reduction
15 states allow the prosecutor to decide
Guaranteed by the 6th amendment defendent may choose to waive the right to cousel and self-represent

40. A short prison sentence served in boot camp-type facilities
The place and its charecteristics
Shock Incarceration
If the officer supects that the person carrying weapons
Highway Patrol

41. Right to speedy trial
Pre-Sentence Investigation
The accused must be brought to trial within 100 days of being arrested
$200 billion
Should be whether the defendent has sufficient present ability to consult with defendents lawyers and defend one's self

42. The policing style associated with police officers belief that it is his duty to be a first line responder to various problems in the community is...
Targets low level quality of life crimes to eliminate disorder in the community
Guaranteed by the 6th amendment.
Social agent
Probation Rules

43. A form of intermediate sanction that requires that the convicted offender spend a designated amount of time per week in his or her own home-such as from 6:00 P.M. Friday until 8:00 A.M.
Young - male - minority - poor
House Arrest
Assembly line
Whent he punishment of one offender deters others

44. Women Imprisoned
Most are in minimum security and are less violent
1. General Deterrence; 2. Specific Deterrence; 3. Incapaition; 4. Rehab; 5. Restitution
The accused must be brought to trial within 100 days of being arrested
At least four justices have to agree that it should be heard by the Supreme Court and a writ of certiorari must be filed with the Supreme Court

45. The Conflict View of criminal definitions assumes that criminal law expresses...
The views of powerful elites in society
Established that juveniles should be rehabilitated not punished and that children should not be treated as adults
Guaranteed by the 6th amendment defendent may choose to waive the right to cousel and self-represent
Loyalty is a critical component of the police subculture

46. Determinate Sentencing
Committed an act in violation of the penal code
15 states allow the prosecutor to decide
Probation Rules
A fixed term of incarceration

47. The federal agency responsible for the witness protection program and fugitive investigations is...
Grand Jury
Supreme court has established that criminal trials must remain public
Furlough
The U.S. Marshall

48. About how many Americans are under some form of correctional supervision?
Depression and loneliness are common and inmates must learn coping behaviors
If juror might be biased; if juror has knowledge of case; if unable to be impartial
Higher
7 Million Americans

49. A short term militaristic correctional facility in which inmates undergo intensive physical conditioning and discipline.
Boot Camp
Increasing
For criminal trials - the evidentairy standard is proof beyond a reasonable doubt
Depression and loneliness are common and inmates must learn coping behaviors

50. Arguments for the Death Penalty

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