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Test your basic knowledge |
Criminal Justice
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
law
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Process by which the state later recovers some or all of the cost of providing free legal counsel to an indigent defendant.
Went down steadily
Recoupment
If juror might be biased; if juror has knowledge of case; if unable to be impartial
Anger Managment
2. In the common law - a crime that is considered mala in se is...
Is favorable because it increases efficiency
1. Investigate; 2. Intake; 3. Diagnosis; 4. Supervision; Risk Classification
The local police
A crime that is considered especially immoral
3. Delinquents
Committed an act in violation of the penal code
Recoupment
The procedural criminal law
The local police
4. Right to counsel
Marriage
Higher
Collecting taxes and supervising elections
Guaranteed by the 6th amendment defendent may choose to waive the right to cousel and self-represent
5. A prison treatment program that allows inmates to be released during the day to work in the community and return to prison at night.
Sentence served one after another
Work Release
An example of the criminal defense of Justification
Guaranteed by the 6th amendment.
6. A court order requiring a witness to appear in court at a specified time and place.
Society expects them to be criminals
Subpoena
Cruel and Unusual Punishment
Prison
7. Concurrent Sentence
Subpoena
Marriage
Sentence served simultaneously
The right to compel witnesses via subpoena
8. What is General Deterrence?
Depression and loneliness are common and inmates must learn coping behaviors
Whent he punishment of one offender deters others
Went down steadily
A fixed term of incarceration
9. The least secure institution that houses white-colar and nonviolent offenders - maintains few security measures - and has liberal furlough and visitation policies.
Minimum-Security Prison
Grand Jury
$200 billion
Diversion
10. What time of year are crime rates in the U.S. the highest?
Summer
Public Defender
Total Instutution
The death penalty only applies to first degree murder and only when aggravating circumstances are present
11. In colonial America - the county sheriff's job included...
Collecting taxes and supervising elections
Restitution
1. General Deterrence; 2. Specific Deterrence; 3. Incapaition; 4. Rehab; 5. Restitution
New York (Auburn) System
12. A short term militaristic correctional facility in which inmates undergo intensive physical conditioning and discipline.
1. First time offender; 2. Non-violent or status offender; 3. Alcahol or drug problem
1.4 million
Collecting taxes and supervising elections
Boot Camp
13. A correctional policy that allow inates to leave the institution for vocational or educational training - for employment - or to maintain famly ties.
Furlough
Test for one's competents to stand trial
House Arrest
1. Large numbers of re-entering inmates; 2. Legal prohibition on kinds of employment; 3. Limits on obtaining licenses; 4. Restriction on freedom of movment
14. What is the criteria to determine whether someone is entitled to jury trial?
If the punishment is 6 months in prisonment or more
An example of the criminal defense of Justification
Sentence served simultaneously
The right to compel witnesses via subpoena
15. The policing style associated with police officers belief that it is his duty to be a first line responder to various problems in the community is...
Guaranteed by the 6th amendment.
7 Million Americans
Social agent
Young males - unemployed or low income - prior criminal record or history
16. Conditions or restriction mandated by the court that must be obeyed by a probationer
The place and its charecteristics
1. determinate; 2. mandatory; 3. interminate
About 20% and most police departments require at least an associates degree
Probation Rules
17. Truth in Sentencing
Enter a plea
Intake
Self-incrimination
Inmate must serve at least 85% of sentence imposed by court
18. A view of criminal justice that focuses on crime as an act against the community rather than the state
Revocation
New York (Auburn) System
Restorative Justice
Depression and loneliness are common and inmates must learn coping behaviors
19. The officers of the London Metropolitan Police...
Were considered highly educated in their time period
For criminal trials - the evidentairy standard is proof beyond a reasonable doubt
Rational - self- intersted and hedonistic
Pre-Sentence Investigation
20. The federal agency responsible for the witness protection program and fugitive investigations is...
The U.S. Marshall
Went down steadily
A fixed term of incarceration
Grand Jury
21. What is one problem with eye-witnesses?
If juror might be biased; if juror has knowledge of case; if unable to be impartial
Young males - unemployed or low income - prior criminal record or history
They frequently mistake the indentity of suspects
Established customs and traditions
22. Concurrent Jursidiction
1. prison farms and camps; 2. Shock Incarations; 3. Community correctional facilities; 4. Private prisons
15 states allow the prosecutor to decide
The procedural criminal law
Defense Attorney
23. The Conflict View of criminal definitions assumes that criminal law expresses...
1. Incapactation; 2. Deterrence; 3. Moral 'an eye for an eye'; 4. Proportionality; 5. Public Opinion; 6. Low chance of error
1. Severity of offense; 2. Prior criminal record; 3. Use of violence; 4. Use of weapons; 5. Motivation (money)
The views of powerful elites in society
1. Jury Selection; 2. Opening Statement; 3. Prosecution Case; 4. Motion for Directed Verdict; 5. Closing Argument; 6. Direction to Jury; 7. Verdict; 8. Sentence; 9. Appeal
24. A prison system - developed in New York during the nineteenth centry - based on congregate work during the day and seperaton at night.
Social agent
Televised coverage is not permitted in federal courts
New York (Auburn) System
Went down steadily
25. Establishes the practices and processes of the criminal law
Revocation
Private attorneys
The procedural criminal law
Pennsylvania System
26. Who has a better record of defending clients; private or public attorneys?
Illegally obtained confessions - cruel and unusual punishment and an impartial jury
Private attorneys
Halfway House
Committed an act in violation of the penal code
27. In female prisons - substitute family groups with a faux father - mother and siblings.
Most widely used type of sentence - goal is to indivdualize punishment
Claiming he/she did not have effective counsul - claiming the plea was not made voluntarily and claiming that the prosecuter did not keep his/her promises made in the agreement
Pennsylvania System
Make-believe family
28. About how many Americans are under some form of correctional supervision?
$200 billion
7 Million Americans
If juror might be biased; if juror has knowledge of case; if unable to be impartial
Increasing
29. The process in which a probation officer settles cases at the initial appearance before the onset of formal criminal proceeding.
House Arrest
Counting the number of rapes in the U.S.
1. Investigate; 2. Intake; 3. Diagnosis; 4. Supervision; Risk Classification
Intake
30. A short prison sentence served in boot camp-type facilities
Shock Incarceration
Televised coverage is not permitted in federal courts
Shock Probation
Self-defense and insanity
31. Mandatory Sentence
Responding to calls of service not chasing down criminals or making arrests
Rational - self- intersted and hedonistic
Maximum-Security
Statutory requirement - limits judges power
32. According to Beccaria - the three criteria required for deterrence to work ainclude...
1. guilty; 2. not guilty; 3. hung jury
1. prison farms and camps; 2. Shock Incarations; 3. Community correctional facilities; 4. Private prisons
The right to compel witnesses via subpoena
Certainty of punishment - swiftness of punishment - punishment that is proportional to the severity of the crime
33. Right to confront witnesses
Defines what is criminal behavior and appropriate punishments
Collecting taxes and supervising elections
Guaranteed by the 6th amendment.
Claiming he/she did not have effective counsul - claiming the plea was not made voluntarily and claiming that the prosecuter did not keep his/her promises made in the agreement
34. Duties of probation officers
6 person jury is required by law jury must come to unanminous verdit
About 20% and most police departments require at least an associates degree
1. Investigate; 2. Intake; 3. Diagnosis; 4. Supervision; Risk Classification
Unresolved personality conflicts in early childhood
35. Right to be competent at trail
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36. Competent Standard
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37. The investigation of the murder of a postal worker would fall within the jurisdiction of...
The FBI
Indigent Defendant
Community Service Restitution
7 Million Americans
38. What was significant about the Illinois Juvenile Court Act of 1899?
Went down steadily
Established that juveniles should be rehabilitated not punished and that children should not be treated as adults
Self-incrimination
Probation
39. Indeterminate Sentencing
Claiming he/she did not have effective counsul - claiming the plea was not made voluntarily and claiming that the prosecuter did not keep his/her promises made in the agreement
The U.S. Marshall
1. Concurrent Jurisdiction; 2. Statutory Jurisdiction; 3. Judicial Waiver
Most widely used type of sentence - goal is to indivdualize punishment
40. A person can challenge a guilty plea by...
Tend to be in opposition to mainstream cultural values
Assembly line
Substantive Rights
Claiming he/she did not have effective counsul - claiming the plea was not made voluntarily and claiming that the prosecuter did not keep his/her promises made in the agreement
41. Common concerns with the privatization of policing includes...
1. Severity of offense; 2. Prior criminal record; 3. Use of violence; 4. Use of weapons; 5. Motivation (money)
Obstacle course
Super Maximum-Security Prison
Accountability of private police to legal standards of policing and equity in treatment of rich and poor areas
42. Consecutive sentence
Whent he punishment of one offender deters others
Sentence served one after another
The place and its charecteristics
Depression and loneliness are common and inmates must learn coping behaviors
43. Verdict
1. guilty; 2. not guilty; 3. hung jury
Judge directs jury to acquit the defendant because the prosecution has fail to prove the elements of the crime according to legal standards
Supreme court has established that criminal trials must remain public
The views of powerful elites in society
44. Levying a money payment on offenders to compensate society for their misdeeds
Fine
Probation
All evidence that is obtained illegally must be thrown out from the use at trial
The place and its charecteristics
45. Broken window policing is a strategy in which police officer...
The local police
Committed an act in violation of the penal code
Targets low level quality of life crimes to eliminate disorder in the community
Minimum-Security Prison
46. In order for a case to be heard by the Supreme Court...
A fixed term of incarceration
Illegally obtained confessions - cruel and unusual punishment and an impartial jury
At least four justices have to agree that it should be heard by the Supreme Court and a writ of certiorari must be filed with the Supreme Court
Highway Patrol
47. Right to an impartial judge
6 person jury is required by law jury must come to unanminous verdit
The search of abandoned property - the search of an open field - the fly-over search of property
Judge should excuse himself or herself in there is a conflict of interest
The views of powerful elites in society
48. Civil right that include the right of inmates to receive mail and medical benefits and to practice their religion.
nolle prosequi
Substantive Rights
About 10 felony arrests per month
Most widely used type of sentence - goal is to indivdualize punishment
49. A correctional institution that houses dangerous felons and maintains strict security measure - high walls - and limited contact with the outside world.
Shock Probation
Whent he punishment of one offender deters others
Judge directs jury to acquit the defendant because the prosecution has fail to prove the elements of the crime according to legal standards
Maximum-Security
50. An example of the criminal defense of EXCUSE is...
Sentence served one after another
Trial by a judge without jury
1. prison farms and camps; 2. Shock Incarations; 3. Community correctional facilities; 4. Private prisons
Insanity - battared woman syndrome - status as a juvenile