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Criminal Justice

Subject : law

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. The average officers makes how many felony arrests per month?
House Arrest
About 10 felony arrests per month
1. prison farms and camps; 2. Shock Incarations; 3. Community correctional facilities; 4. Private prisons
Test for one's competents to stand trial

2. Mens reas is important in determining if a person can be held criminally responsible and refers specifically to...
Whether the person intentionally committed the act
The place and its charecteristics
Increasing
Social agent

3. Right to public trial
Enter a plea
$200 billion
Supreme court has established that criminal trials must remain public
Make-believe family

4. Right to be competent at trail

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5. An example of the criminal defense of justifaction is...
Tend to be in opposition to mainstream cultural values
Self-defense and insanity
Were considered highly educated in their time period
Highway Patrol

6. Packer describes the due process model of the criminal justice system operating like an...
1.4 million
At least four justices have to agree that it should be heard by the Supreme Court and a writ of certiorari must be filed with the Supreme Court
Prison
Obstacle course

7. Factors that Influence Sentencing
Fine
Self-defense and insanity
1. Severity of offense; 2. Prior criminal record; 3. Use of violence; 4. Use of weapons; 5. Motivation (money)
Parole

8. Determinate Sentencing
Forfeiture
A fixed term of incarceration
1. First time offender; 2. Non-violent or status offender; 3. Alcahol or drug problem
Enter a plea

9. According to the Supreme Court - the following activities would not violate individual protections against illegal seasrch and seizure...
Guaranteed by the 6th amendment defendent may choose to waive the right to cousel and self-represent
Restorative Justice
Unreported crimes - police corruption - police errors
The search of abandoned property - the search of an open field - the fly-over search of property

10. What did the BAIL REFORM ACT of 1984 establish?
1. Impartial Judge; 2. Competent to Stand Trial; 3. Confront Witnesses; 4. Compulsory Process; 5. Impartial Jury; 6. Counsul; 7. Speedy Trial; 8. Public Trial
PRESUMPTION of DETENTION to limit the release of suspects on bail
If the punishment is 6 months in prisonment or more
Sentence served one after another

11. A prison treatment program that allows inmates to be released during the day to work in the community and return to prison at night.
Selected random from tax records - Driver's Liscence records and voter registration
House Arrest
1. Concurrent Jurisdiction; 2. Statutory Jurisdiction; 3. Judicial Waiver
Work Release

12. The process in which a probation officer settles cases at the initial appearance before the onset of formal criminal proceeding.
The FBI
If the punishment is 6 months in prisonment or more
Went down steadily
Intake

13. An administrative act performed by a parole authority that remove a person from parole -or a judicial orded by a court removing a person from parole or probation - in response to a violation on the part of the parolee.
Self-incrimination
Revocation
Rational - self- intersted and hedonistic
Established customs and traditions

14. Duties of probation officers
1. Investigate; 2. Intake; 3. Diagnosis; 4. Supervision; Risk Classification
Collecting taxes and supervising elections
Jail
Penitentiary House

15. Status Offenders
Commonly classified as Persons in Need of Supervision (PINS) or Children in Need of Supervision (CHINS)
Claiming he/she did not have effective counsul - claiming the plea was not made voluntarily and claiming that the prosecuter did not keep his/her promises made in the agreement
Self-incrimination
Whether the person intentionally committed the act

16. The newest form of a maximum-security prison that uses high-level securtity mesasure to incapacitate the nation's most dangerous criminals. Most inmates are in lockdown 23 hours per day.
Super Maximum-Security Prison
The right to compel witnesses via subpoena
Furlough
Statutory requirement - limits judges power

17. Conditions or restriction mandated by the court that must be obeyed by a probationer
It has been long routine in penal instutitions; there are 123 rape victims per 1000 inmates. According to inmates prison staff commit more crimes then other inmates
Revocation
Televised coverage is not permitted in federal courts
Probation Rules

18. What percentage of police departments require officers to have a college degree?
Defines what is criminal behavior and appropriate punishments
Substantive Rights
45 states have provisions that allow judges to transer cases to the adult court room
About 20% and most police departments require at least an associates degree

19. In order for a case to be heard by the Supreme Court...
Public Defender
6 person jury is required by law jury must come to unanminous verdit
Unreported crimes - police corruption - police errors
At least four justices have to agree that it should be heard by the Supreme Court and a writ of certiorari must be filed with the Supreme Court

20. The least secure institution that houses white-colar and nonviolent offenders - maintains few security measures - and has liberal furlough and visitation policies.
Committed an act in violation of the penal code
Minimum-Security Prison
House Arrest
A fixed term of incarceration

21. Right to an impartial judge
1. personal deficits; 2. social deficit; 3. Economic deficits; 4. Marriage and family deficits
Judge should excuse himself or herself in there is a conflict of interest
Day Fees
Assembly line

22. The policing style associated with police officers belief that it is his duty to be a first line responder to various problems in the community is...
1. Incapactation; 2. Deterrence; 3. Moral 'an eye for an eye'; 4. Proportionality; 5. Public Opinion; 6. Low chance of error
Social agent
For criminal trials - the evidentairy standard is proof beyond a reasonable doubt
Televised coverage is not permitted in federal courts

23. The sizure of personal property by the state as a civil or criminal penalty.
Police training - fingerprinting - and polygraph tests
Unreported crimes - police corruption - police errors
PRESUMPTION of DETENTION to limit the release of suspects on bail
Forfeiture

24. The officers of the London Metropolitan Police...
18
Were considered highly educated in their time period
Collecting taxes and supervising elections
Recoupment

25. An investigation performed by a probation officer attached to a trial court after the conviction of a defendent.
There were too many police errors to trust the police evidence
1. Incapactation; 2. Deterrence; 3. Moral 'an eye for an eye'; 4. Proportionality; 5. Public Opinion; 6. Low chance of error
Whent he punishment of one offender deters others
Pre-Sentence Investigation

26. The Supreme Court descison on NO EXCEPTIONS said that...
Judge directs jury to acquit the defendant because the prosecution has fail to prove the elements of the crime according to legal standards
If the punishment is 6 months in prisonment or more
All evidence that is obtained illegally must be thrown out from the use at trial
Parole

27. What is General Deterrence?
Whent he punishment of one offender deters others
Summer
$200 billion
18

28. A sentence in which offenders serve a short prison term before they begin probation - to impress them with the pain of imprisonment.
Cruel and Unusual Punishment
Shock Probation
Can earn 10 to 15 days per month and sentence reduction
Whether the person intentionally committed the act

29. From 1995 to 2005 - the crime rate in the U.S...
Counting the number of rapes in the U.S.
Went down steadily
Established that juveniles should be rehabilitated not punished and that children should not be treated as adults
Minimum-Security Prison

30. Common concerns with the privatization of policing includes...
Marriage
Super Maximum-Security Prison
Test for one's competents to stand trial
Accountability of private police to legal standards of policing and equity in treatment of rich and poor areas

31. Establishes the practices and processes of the criminal law
Social agent
The procedural criminal law
Prison
Cruel and Unusual Punishment

32. The decision by a prosecuttor to drop a case after a complaint has been made because of - for examples - insufficatient edvidence.
nolle prosequi
1. Severity of offense; 2. Prior criminal record; 3. Use of violence; 4. Use of weapons; 5. Motivation (money)
The search of abandoned property - the search of an open field - the fly-over search of property
1. prison farms and camps; 2. Shock Incarations; 3. Community correctional facilities; 4. Private prisons

33. The sentence
Work Release
1. personal deficits; 2. social deficit; 3. Economic deficits; 4. Marriage and family deficits
Determined by judge -statutory requirements and jury recommendation
Established customs and traditions

34. A group of citizens chosen to hear charges against persons accused of crime and to determine whether there is sufficient evidence to bring the person to trial.
Community Treatment
Grand Jury
1. Large numbers of re-entering inmates; 2. Legal prohibition on kinds of employment; 3. Limits on obtaining licenses; 4. Restriction on freedom of movment
Shock Probation

35. The 5th amendment protects citizens from...
1. Investigate; 2. Intake; 3. Diagnosis; 4. Supervision; Risk Classification
Most are in minimum security and are less violent
1. Incapactation; 2. Deterrence; 3. Moral 'an eye for an eye'; 4. Proportionality; 5. Public Opinion; 6. Low chance of error
Self-incrimination

36. What is the criteria to determine whether someone is entitled to jury trial?
Televised coverage is not permitted in federal courts
If the punishment is 6 months in prisonment or more
Depression and loneliness are common and inmates must learn coping behaviors
6 person jury is required by law jury must come to unanminous verdit

37. Physical punishment or punishment that is far in excess of that given to people under similar circumstances and is therefore banned by the eighth amendment. The death penalty has so far not been considered cruel and unusual if it is administered in f
Counting the number of rapes in the U.S.
Property crimes
Cruel and Unusual Punishment
1. prison farms and camps; 2. Shock Incarations; 3. Community correctional facilities; 4. Private prisons

38. What are the Defendants Legal Rights at Trial?
The FBI
The local police
1. Impartial Judge; 2. Competent to Stand Trial; 3. Confront Witnesses; 4. Compulsory Process; 5. Impartial Jury; 6. Counsul; 7. Speedy Trial; 8. Public Trial
Supreme court has established that criminal trials must remain public

39. Levying a money payment on offenders to compensate society for their misdeeds
Intake
Summer
Jail
Fine

40. How confidential are juvenile records kept?
Is favorable because it increases efficiency
The accused must be brought to trial within 100 days of being arrested
Juvenile records are confidential; in recent years states have passed statutes to allow for records to be accessed by court order
Whether the person intentionally committed the act

41. According to Freud's psychological theory - deviant behavior is the result of...
Unresolved personality conflicts in early childhood
15 states allow the prosecutor to decide
Revocation
Depression and loneliness are common and inmates must learn coping behaviors

42. The substantive criminal law...
Counting the number of rapes in the U.S.
Restitution
Social agent
Defines what is criminal behavior and appropriate punishments

43. About how many people are in prisons in the US?
1.4 million
All evidence that is obtained illegally must be thrown out from the use at trial
Guaranteed by the 6th amendment.
Public Defender

44. Evidentiary Standard
For criminal trials - the evidentairy standard is proof beyond a reasonable doubt
A crime that is considered especially immoral
The local police
Miranda Waivers are particularly relevent to juveniles

45. How many percent of criminal defendents are considered indigent?
90%
1. Probability of error; 2. Unfair use of discretion; 3. Misplaced vengeance; 4. Weak public support; 5. Little deterrent effect; 6. Race/Gender biases; 7. Brutal; 8. Expensive
Pennsylvania System
Guaranteed by the 6th amendment defendent may choose to waive the right to cousel and self-represent

46. About how many Americans are under some form of correctional supervision?
1. Jury Selection; 2. Opening Statement; 3. Prosecution Case; 4. Motion for Directed Verdict; 5. Closing Argument; 6. Direction to Jury; 7. Verdict; 8. Sentence; 9. Appeal
Test for one's competents to stand trial
Self-incrimination
7 Million Americans

47. Is female involvement in violent crime increasing or decreasing?
Obstacle course
Increasing
The accused must be brought to trial within 100 days of being arrested
At least four justices have to agree that it should be heard by the Supreme Court and a writ of certiorari must be filed with the Supreme Court

48. What do police officers spend most of their time on patrol doing?
1. determinate; 2. mandatory; 3. interminate
Televised coverage is not permitted in federal courts
Unreported crimes - police corruption - police errors
Responding to calls of service not chasing down criminals or making arrests

49. A regimented - dehumanizing institution such as a prison in which like-situated people are kept in social isolation - cut off from the world at large.
Targets low level quality of life crimes to eliminate disorder in the community
Total Instutution
The place and its charecteristics
Defines what is criminal behavior and appropriate punishments

50. The investigation of the murder of a postal worker would fall within the jurisdiction of...
Substantive Rights
The FBI
Halfway House
Claiming he/she did not have effective counsul - claiming the plea was not made voluntarily and claiming that the prosecuter did not keep his/her promises made in the agreement