Test your basic knowledge |

Criminal Justice

Subject : law

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. The majority of criminal cases in the U.S are investigated by...
The FBI
The local police
The procedural criminal law
When a jury member is challenged for no reason

2. The attempt by correctional agencies to maintain convicted offenders in the community instead of a secure facilty it includes probation - parole and residential programs.
Subpoena
Shock Probation
1. Impartial Judge; 2. Competent to Stand Trial; 3. Confront Witnesses; 4. Compulsory Process; 5. Impartial Jury; 6. Counsul; 7. Speedy Trial; 8. Public Trial
Community Treatment

3. The policing style associated with police officers belief that it is his duty to be a first line responder to various problems in the community is...
Selected random from tax records - Driver's Liscence records and voter registration
Anger Managment
1.4 million
Social agent

4. Concurrent Jursidiction
Fine
Test for one's competents to stand trial
15 states allow the prosecutor to decide
Minimum-Security Prison

5. The initial reaction in prison is usually...
Depression and loneliness are common and inmates must learn coping behaviors
Diversion
Certainty of punishment - swiftness of punishment - punishment that is proportional to the severity of the crime
Higher

6. The Supreme Court descison on NO EXCEPTIONS said that...
90%
All evidence that is obtained illegally must be thrown out from the use at trial
Boot Camp
Inmate must serve at least 85% of sentence imposed by court

7. Is female involvement in violent crime increasing or decreasing?
For criminal trials - the evidentairy standard is proof beyond a reasonable doubt
Increasing
Shock Incarceration
Boot Camp

8. What is the criteria to determine whether someone is entitled to jury trial?
1. personal deficits; 2. social deficit; 3. Economic deficits; 4. Marriage and family deficits
If the punishment is 6 months in prisonment or more
Property crimes
Intake

9. The decision by a prosecuttor to drop a case after a complaint has been made because of - for examples - insufficatient edvidence.
Boot Camp
Miranda Waivers are particularly relevent to juveniles
Determined by judge -statutory requirements and jury recommendation
nolle prosequi

10. Good time
The right to compel witnesses via subpoena
Public Defender
Maximum-Security
Can earn 10 to 15 days per month and sentence reduction

11. Jury Selection

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

12. A community-based correctional facility that houses inmates before their outright released so that they can become gradually acclimatd to conventional society.
Halfway House
Should treat people of different classes equitably
Recoupment
90%

13. Miranda Rights...
Depression and loneliness are common and inmates must learn coping behaviors
Police training - fingerprinting - and polygraph tests
Miranda Waivers are particularly relevent to juveniles
Probation

14. According to Sampson and Laub's age-graded theory of crime - a developmental theory - the following points are associated with reduced recidivism...
Probation Rules
Marriage
1. Impartial Judge; 2. Competent to Stand Trial; 3. Confront Witnesses; 4. Compulsory Process; 5. Impartial Jury; 6. Counsul; 7. Speedy Trial; 8. Public Trial
Young males - unemployed or low income - prior criminal record or history

15. A short term militaristic correctional facility in which inmates undergo intensive physical conditioning and discipline.
Assembly line
Boot Camp
Responding to calls of service not chasing down criminals or making arrests
Inmate must serve at least 85% of sentence imposed by court

16. According to the stop and frisk rule - established by the Terry vs Ohio case a police officer may stop and frisk a person...
If the officer supects that the person carrying weapons
Social agent
Community Service Restitution
Public Defender

17. A correctional institution for those convicted of major crimes
Penitentiary House
90%
1. determinate; 2. mandatory; 3. interminate
Super Maximum-Security Prison

18. Conditions or restriction mandated by the court that must be obeyed by a probationer
No - jury trials are NOT very common in the U.S.
Make-believe family
Whent he punishment of one offender deters others
Probation Rules

19. In colonial America - the county sheriff's job included...
Statutory requirement - limits judges power
Should treat people of different classes equitably
Most widely used type of sentence - goal is to indivdualize punishment
Collecting taxes and supervising elections

20. A court order requiring a witness to appear in court at a specified time and place.
Subpoena
Forfeiture
Test for one's competents to stand trial
1. Concurrent Jurisdiction; 2. Statutory Jurisdiction; 3. Judicial Waiver

21. The group of punishment falling between probation and prison. Community-based sanction - including house arrest and intensive supervision - serve as alternatives to incarceration.
Community Treatment
Shock Incarceration
Intermediate Sanctions
Unreported crimes - police corruption - police errors

22. A prison treatment program that allows inmates to be released during the day to work in the community and return to prison at night.
Work Release
1. Jury Selection; 2. Opening Statement; 3. Prosecution Case; 4. Motion for Directed Verdict; 5. Closing Argument; 6. Direction to Jury; 7. Verdict; 8. Sentence; 9. Appeal
15 states allow the prosecutor to decide
Penitentiary House

23. Physical punishment or punishment that is far in excess of that given to people under similar circumstances and is therefore banned by the eighth amendment. The death penalty has so far not been considered cruel and unusual if it is administered in f
Cruel and Unusual Punishment
The accused must be brought to trial within 100 days of being arrested
Established that juveniles should be rehabilitated not punished and that children should not be treated as adults
The search of abandoned property - the search of an open field - the fly-over search of property

24. Levying a money payment on offenders to compensate society for their misdeeds
They frequently mistake the indentity of suspects
There were too many police errors to trust the police evidence
Fine
Obstacle course

25. In order for a case to be heard by the Supreme Court...
At least four justices have to agree that it should be heard by the Supreme Court and a writ of certiorari must be filed with the Supreme Court
Unreported crimes - police corruption - police errors
Can earn 10 to 15 days per month and sentence reduction
About 10 felony arrests per month

26. Truth in Sentencing
29 states automatically exclude some offenses from juvenile court (EX. Rape/Murder)
When a jury member is challenged for no reason
Were considered highly educated in their time period
Inmate must serve at least 85% of sentence imposed by court

27. Alternative Correctional Institution
Fine
Community Treatment
1. prison farms and camps; 2. Shock Incarations; 3. Community correctional facilities; 4. Private prisons
Supreme court has established that criminal trials must remain public

28. Statutory Jurisdiction
Guaranteed by the 6th amendment.
Community Service Restitution
29 states automatically exclude some offenses from juvenile court (EX. Rape/Murder)
Illegally obtained confessions - cruel and unusual punishment and an impartial jury

29. The 5th amendment protects citizens from...
Shock Probation
The right to compel witnesses via subpoena
Self-incrimination
There were too many police errors to trust the police evidence

30. Packer describes the crime models criminal justice system operating like an...
6 person jury is required by law jury must come to unanminous verdit
Assembly line
At least four justices have to agree that it should be heard by the Supreme Court and a writ of certiorari must be filed with the Supreme Court
There were too many police errors to trust the police evidence

31. Some of the policing reforms that August Vollmer proposed include...
Fine
Police training - fingerprinting - and polygraph tests
Public Defender
16

32. What is one problem with eye-witnesses?
Were considered highly educated in their time period
Guaranteed by the 6th amendment defendent may choose to waive the right to cousel and self-represent
They frequently mistake the indentity of suspects
Illegally obtained confessions - cruel and unusual punishment and an impartial jury

33. Women Imprisoned
Super Maximum-Security Prison
1. Severity of offense; 2. Prior criminal record; 3. Use of violence; 4. Use of weapons; 5. Motivation (money)
The FBI
Most are in minimum security and are less violent

34. Right to speedy trial
1. Jury Selection; 2. Opening Statement; 3. Prosecution Case; 4. Motion for Directed Verdict; 5. Closing Argument; 6. Direction to Jury; 7. Verdict; 8. Sentence; 9. Appeal
The accused must be brought to trial within 100 days of being arrested
A crime that is considered especially immoral
Property crimes

35. An alternative sanction that requires an offender to work in the community at such task as cleaning public parks or working with disabled children in lieu of an incarceration sentence.
1. General Deterrence; 2. Specific Deterrence; 3. Incapaition; 4. Rehab; 5. Restitution
Juvenile records are confidential; in recent years states have passed statutes to allow for records to be accessed by court order
Community Service Restitution
Young males - unemployed or low income - prior criminal record or history

36. Arguments for the Death Penalty

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

37. Why are investigations of police misconduct tricky?
If the punishment is 6 months in prisonment or more
A fixed term of incarceration
Unresolved personality conflicts in early childhood
Loyalty is a critical component of the police subculture

38. What time of year are crime rates in the U.S. the highest?
Jail
Targets low level quality of life crimes to eliminate disorder in the community
Summer
The procedural criminal law

39. Duties of probation officers
1. prison farms and camps; 2. Shock Incarations; 3. Community correctional facilities; 4. Private prisons
The place and its charecteristics
Police training - fingerprinting - and polygraph tests
1. Investigate; 2. Intake; 3. Diagnosis; 4. Supervision; Risk Classification

40. What is Duress?
Obstacle course
6 person jury is required by law jury must come to unanminous verdit
18
An example of the criminal defense of Justification

41. Right to counsel
About 20% and most police departments require at least an associates degree
Unresolved personality conflicts in early childhood
1. determinate; 2. mandatory; 3. interminate
Guaranteed by the 6th amendment defendent may choose to waive the right to cousel and self-represent

42. Verdict
1. guilty; 2. not guilty; 3. hung jury
All evidence that is obtained illegally must be thrown out from the use at trial
Society expects them to be criminals
Defense Attorney

43. Argument against the Death Penalty
Counting the number of rapes in the U.S.
Maximum-Security
6 person jury is required by law jury must come to unanminous verdit
1. Probability of error; 2. Unfair use of discretion; 3. Misplaced vengeance; 4. Weak public support; 5. Little deterrent effect; 6. Race/Gender biases; 7. Brutal; 8. Expensive

44. What are characteristics of inmates
Responding to calls of service not chasing down criminals or making arrests
Young - male - minority - poor
1. prison farms and camps; 2. Shock Incarations; 3. Community correctional facilities; 4. Private prisons
Public Defender

45. According to Shaw and McKay's social disorganization theory - crime rates in a geographic area can be explained by...
The place and its charecteristics
Make-believe family
1. guilty; 2. not guilty; 3. hung jury
Young - male - minority - poor

46. Problem of Re-entry
Work Release
1. Large numbers of re-entering inmates; 2. Legal prohibition on kinds of employment; 3. Limits on obtaining licenses; 4. Restriction on freedom of movment
Higher
Unresolved personality conflicts in early childhood

47. Right to an impartial judge
If the punishment is 6 months in prisonment or more
The local police
Grand Jury
Judge should excuse himself or herself in there is a conflict of interest

48. During the araignment phase of the court process - defendants...
Rational - self- intersted and hedonistic
Enter a plea
Shock Probation
The place and its charecteristics

49. Right to public trial
Should be whether the defendent has sufficient present ability to consult with defendents lawyers and defend one's self
Supreme court has established that criminal trials must remain public
An example of the criminal defense of Justification
Recoupment

50. NCVS crime statistics are likely to be better then the UCR crimes statistics in...
Counting the number of rapes in the U.S.
nolle prosequi
The procedural criminal law
Inmate must serve at least 85% of sentence imposed by court