Test your basic knowledge |

Criminal Justice

Subject : law

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Is female involvement in violent crime increasing or decreasing?
Juvenile records are confidential; in recent years states have passed statutes to allow for records to be accessed by court order
Increasing
Commonly classified as Persons in Need of Supervision (PINS) or Children in Need of Supervision (CHINS)
Property crimes

2. Peremptory Challenge
When a jury member is challenged for no reason
1. determinate; 2. mandatory; 3. interminate
Restorative Justice
Trial by a judge without jury

3. What do police officers spend most of their time on patrol doing?
A fixed term of incarceration
Work Release
If the officer supects that the person carrying weapons
Responding to calls of service not chasing down criminals or making arrests

4. A prison system - developed in New York during the nineteenth centry - based on congregate work during the day and seperaton at night.
Make-believe family
At least four justices have to agree that it should be heard by the Supreme Court and a writ of certiorari must be filed with the Supreme Court
New York (Auburn) System
Went down steadily

5. The average officers makes how many felony arrests per month?
About 20% and most police departments require at least an associates degree
Maximum-Security
About 10 felony arrests per month
A fixed term of incarceration

6. What was significant about the Illinois Juvenile Court Act of 1899?
6 person jury is required by law jury must come to unanminous verdit
Certainty of punishment - swiftness of punishment - punishment that is proportional to the severity of the crime
The procedural criminal law
Established that juveniles should be rehabilitated not punished and that children should not be treated as adults

7. Civil right that include the right of inmates to receive mail and medical benefits and to practice their religion.
1.4 million
Whent he punishment of one offender deters others
Substantive Rights
Day Fees

8. Establishes the practices and processes of the criminal law
$200 billion
The procedural criminal law
1. First time offender; 2. Non-violent or status offender; 3. Alcahol or drug problem
Cruel and Unusual Punishment

9. Models of sentencing
Selected random from tax records - Driver's Liscence records and voter registration
Established that juveniles should be rehabilitated not punished and that children should not be treated as adults
1. determinate; 2. mandatory; 3. interminate
Is favorable because it increases efficiency

10. Duties of probation officers
Whether the person intentionally committed the act
1. Investigate; 2. Intake; 3. Diagnosis; 4. Supervision; Risk Classification
Society expects them to be criminals
Can earn 10 to 15 days per month and sentence reduction

11. Women Imprisoned
Private attorneys
Probation
Most are in minimum security and are less violent
Boot Camp

12. Status Offenders
Accountability of private police to legal standards of policing and equity in treatment of rich and poor areas
Summer
Commonly classified as Persons in Need of Supervision (PINS) or Children in Need of Supervision (CHINS)
Assembly line

13. Packer describes the crime models criminal justice system operating like an...
Defines what is criminal behavior and appropriate punishments
Most widely used type of sentence - goal is to indivdualize punishment
Self-defense and insanity
Assembly line

14. Are arrest rates of drug-related crime higher or lower then they were in the 1970's?
6 person jury is required by law jury must come to unanminous verdit
Make-believe family
Boot Camp
Higher

15. A correctional institution that houses dangerous felons and maintains strict security measure - high walls - and limited contact with the outside world.
Maximum-Security
Televised coverage is not permitted in federal courts
Private attorneys
Whether the person intentionally committed the act

16. Miranda Rights...
15 states allow the prosecutor to decide
Miranda Waivers are particularly relevent to juveniles
Grand Jury
45 states have provisions that allow judges to transer cases to the adult court room

17. Probation failure correlates to...
Young males - unemployed or low income - prior criminal record or history
Subpoena
Probation
Depression and loneliness are common and inmates must learn coping behaviors

18. What are the three systems to transfer juveniles to adult court?
1. Concurrent Jurisdiction; 2. Statutory Jurisdiction; 3. Judicial Waiver
Should be whether the defendent has sufficient present ability to consult with defendents lawyers and defend one's self
Targets low level quality of life crimes to eliminate disorder in the community
Sentence served simultaneously

19. Right to compulsory process
16
The place and its charecteristics
Is favorable because it increases efficiency
The right to compel witnesses via subpoena

20. Are tv camara's aloud in federal court?
1. guilty; 2. not guilty; 3. hung jury
Televised coverage is not permitted in federal courts
Shock Probation
Halfway House

21. The 4th Amendment protects citizens from what?
Counting the number of rapes in the U.S.
Selected random from tax records - Driver's Liscence records and voter registration
Prison
Illegally obtained confessions - cruel and unusual punishment and an impartial jury

22. The substantive criminal law...
About 10 felony arrests per month
Revocation
Social agent
Defines what is criminal behavior and appropriate punishments

23. A state of federal correctional institution for incarceration of felony offenders for term of one year or more.
1. determinate; 2. mandatory; 3. interminate
1. Severity of offense; 2. Prior criminal record; 3. Use of violence; 4. Use of weapons; 5. Motivation (money)
Is favorable because it increases efficiency
Prison

24. A place to detain people awaiting trial - to serve as a lockup for drunks and disorderly individuals - and to confine convicted misdemeanants serving sentences of less then ten
Should treat people of different classes equitably
If the punishment is 6 months in prisonment or more
Jail
45 states have provisions that allow judges to transer cases to the adult court room

25. According to Sampson and Laub's age-graded theory of crime - a developmental theory - the following points are associated with reduced recidivism...
Anger Managment
Marriage
Miranda Waivers are particularly relevent to juveniles
1. General Deterrence; 2. Specific Deterrence; 3. Incapaition; 4. Rehab; 5. Restitution

26. Arguments for the Death Penalty

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

27. Good time
Self-incrimination
An example of the criminal defense of Justification
The procedural criminal law
Can earn 10 to 15 days per month and sentence reduction

28. Stare decisis refers to the concept that legal decisions should be based on...
A fixed term of incarceration
Anger Managment
90%
Established customs and traditions

29. A short prison sentence served in boot camp-type facilities
Shock Incarceration
Boot Camp
They frequently mistake the indentity of suspects
Prison

30. Why are investigations of police misconduct tricky?
Counting the number of rapes in the U.S.
Loyalty is a critical component of the police subculture
Tend to be in opposition to mainstream cultural values
For criminal trials - the evidentairy standard is proof beyond a reasonable doubt

31. According to social reaction/labeling theory - some young people become criminals because...
If the officer supects that the person carrying weapons
Super Maximum-Security Prison
Society expects them to be criminals
Indigent Defendant

32. The majority of criminal cases in the U.S are investigated by...
The local police
Minimum-Security Prison
Miranda Waivers are particularly relevent to juveniles
Were considered highly educated in their time period

33. What time of year are crime rates in the U.S. the highest?
1. Incapactation; 2. Deterrence; 3. Moral 'an eye for an eye'; 4. Proportionality; 5. Public Opinion; 6. Low chance of error
Trial by a judge without jury
Summer
Restorative Justice

34. Right to speedy trial
Unresolved personality conflicts in early childhood
Anger Managment
The accused must be brought to trial within 100 days of being arrested
Social agent

35. A prison system - developed in Pennsylvania during the nineteeth centry - based on total isolation and individual pentence.
Pennsylvania System
Rational - self- intersted and hedonistic
Juvenile records are confidential; in recent years states have passed statutes to allow for records to be accessed by court order
1. determinate; 2. mandatory; 3. interminate

36. An example of the criminal defense of justifaction is...
Grand Jury
Self-defense and insanity
Community Service Restitution
The procedural criminal law

37. According to Shaw and McKay's social disorganization theory - crime rates in a geographic area can be explained by...
Defense Attorney
The place and its charecteristics
Pre-Sentence Investigation
Depression and loneliness are common and inmates must learn coping behaviors

38. According to Cohen's sub-culture or cultural deviance theory - gang values...
Tend to be in opposition to mainstream cultural values
Shock Probation
1. Jury Selection; 2. Opening Statement; 3. Prosecution Case; 4. Motion for Directed Verdict; 5. Closing Argument; 6. Direction to Jury; 7. Verdict; 8. Sentence; 9. Appeal
Test for one's competents to stand trial

39. A person can challenge a guilty plea by...
Public Defender
Claiming he/she did not have effective counsul - claiming the plea was not made voluntarily and claiming that the prosecuter did not keep his/her promises made in the agreement
Anger Managment
1. Large numbers of re-entering inmates; 2. Legal prohibition on kinds of employment; 3. Limits on obtaining licenses; 4. Restriction on freedom of movment

40. Right to confront witnesses
29 states automatically exclude some offenses from juvenile court (EX. Rape/Murder)
Should be whether the defendent has sufficient present ability to consult with defendents lawyers and defend one's self
Super Maximum-Security Prison
Guaranteed by the 6th amendment.

41. A condition of probation in which the offender repays society or the victim of crime for the trouble the offender caused.
Restitution
Maximum-Security
About 10 felony arrests per month
Illegally obtained confessions - cruel and unusual punishment and an impartial jury

42. During the araignment phase of the court process - defendants...
When a jury member is challenged for no reason
If the punishment is 6 months in prisonment or more
Enter a plea
Make-believe family

43. Three Strikes Law
An example of the criminal defense of Justification
Trial by a judge without jury
6 person jury is required by law jury must come to unanminous verdit
Lengthy prison term for 3rd felony offense even if it is a minor offense

44. Concurrent Sentence
Sentence served simultaneously
Forfeiture
Subpoena
The right to compel witnesses via subpoena

45. What are characteristics of inmates
1. Severity of offense; 2. Prior criminal record; 3. Use of violence; 4. Use of weapons; 5. Motivation (money)
Work Release
Young - male - minority - poor
A fixed term of incarceration

46. A sentence entailing the conditional release of a convicted offender into the community under the supervision of the court
16
Whent he punishment of one offender deters others
Probation
Established customs and traditions

47. Truth in Sentencing
Inmate must serve at least 85% of sentence imposed by court
Guaranteed by the 6th amendment.
Self-defense and insanity
If juror might be biased; if juror has knowledge of case; if unable to be impartial

48. What is the common criteria for juveniles to be diverted to community programs?
Society expects them to be criminals
1. personal deficits; 2. social deficit; 3. Economic deficits; 4. Marriage and family deficits
Highway Patrol
1. First time offender; 2. Non-violent or status offender; 3. Alcahol or drug problem

49. A correctional institution for those convicted of major crimes
Boot Camp
Penitentiary House
There were too many police errors to trust the police evidence
Make-believe family

50. The sentence
Determined by judge -statutory requirements and jury recommendation
Tend to be in opposition to mainstream cultural values
1. Impartial Judge; 2. Competent to Stand Trial; 3. Confront Witnesses; 4. Compulsory Process; 5. Impartial Jury; 6. Counsul; 7. Speedy Trial; 8. Public Trial
Can earn 10 to 15 days per month and sentence reduction