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Criminal Justice

Subject : law

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. A correctional institution for those convicted of major crimes
Intermediate Sanctions
1. personal deficits; 2. social deficit; 3. Economic deficits; 4. Marriage and family deficits
Probation Rules
Penitentiary House

2. Goals of Punishment
1. General Deterrence; 2. Specific Deterrence; 3. Incapaition; 4. Rehab; 5. Restitution
Prison
1.4 million
Police training - fingerprinting - and polygraph tests

3. Are Jury trial common in the U.S.?
No - jury trials are NOT very common in the U.S.
Maximum-Security
Community Service Restitution
Most widely used type of sentence - goal is to indivdualize punishment

4. Capital Punishment
Claiming he/she did not have effective counsul - claiming the plea was not made voluntarily and claiming that the prosecuter did not keep his/her promises made in the agreement
The death penalty only applies to first degree murder and only when aggravating circumstances are present
PRESUMPTION of DETENTION to limit the release of suspects on bail
Cruel and Unusual Punishment

5. A correctional policy that allow inates to leave the institution for vocational or educational training - for employment - or to maintain famly ties.
Responding to calls of service not chasing down criminals or making arrests
Furlough
All evidence that is obtained illegally must be thrown out from the use at trial
1. Concurrent Jurisdiction; 2. Statutory Jurisdiction; 3. Judicial Waiver

6. Right to confront witnesses
If juror might be biased; if juror has knowledge of case; if unable to be impartial
The procedural criminal law
1. guilty; 2. not guilty; 3. hung jury
Guaranteed by the 6th amendment.

7. The 5th amendment protects citizens from...
Minimum-Security Prison
Shock Incarceration
Illegally obtained confessions - cruel and unusual punishment and an impartial jury
Self-incrimination

8. The Conflict View of criminal definitions assumes that criminal law expresses...
Recoupment
The views of powerful elites in society
15 states allow the prosecutor to decide
The local police

9. What are considered problems with UCR statistics?
Unreported crimes - police corruption - police errors
Unresolved personality conflicts in early childhood
29 states automatically exclude some offenses from juvenile court (EX. Rape/Murder)
Assembly line

10. The officers of the London Metropolitan Police...
Were considered highly educated in their time period
Community Service Restitution
Defense Attorney
$200 billion

11. A program requiring probationers to pay in part for the costs of their treatment.
18
Day Fees
The views of powerful elites in society
Public Defender

12. Consecutive sentence
Boot Camp
Sentence served one after another
Most widely used type of sentence - goal is to indivdualize punishment
Make-believe family

13. What percentage of police departments require officers to have a college degree?
Young males - unemployed or low income - prior criminal record or history
About 20% and most police departments require at least an associates degree
Furlough
The local police

14. About how much does the U.S. spend on the criminal justice system every year?
Penitentiary House
The place and its charecteristics
$200 billion
Shock Probation

15. A place to detain people awaiting trial - to serve as a lockup for drunks and disorderly individuals - and to confine convicted misdemeanants serving sentences of less then ten
No - jury trials are NOT very common in the U.S.
Jail
About 20% and most police departments require at least an associates degree
When a jury member is challenged for no reason

16. Some of the policing reforms that August Vollmer proposed include...
An example of the criminal defense of Justification
Police training - fingerprinting - and polygraph tests
The accused must be brought to trial within 100 days of being arrested
The local police

17. Evidentiary Standard
Targets low level quality of life crimes to eliminate disorder in the community
Revocation
Fine
For criminal trials - the evidentairy standard is proof beyond a reasonable doubt

18. Mens reas is important in determining if a person can be held criminally responsible and refers specifically to...
Guaranteed by the 6th amendment.
1. prison farms and camps; 2. Shock Incarations; 3. Community correctional facilities; 4. Private prisons
Day Fees
Whether the person intentionally committed the act

19. Judicial Waiver
The views of powerful elites in society
45 states have provisions that allow judges to transer cases to the adult court room
Miranda Waivers are particularly relevent to juveniles
Forfeiture

20. The average officers makes how many felony arrests per month?
Depression and loneliness are common and inmates must learn coping behaviors
About 10 felony arrests per month
House Arrest
Probation

21. Process by which the state later recovers some or all of the cost of providing free legal counsel to an indigent defendant.
Targets low level quality of life crimes to eliminate disorder in the community
Prison
Day Fees
Recoupment

22. Argument against the Death Penalty
Boot Camp
Loyalty is a critical component of the police subculture
1. Probability of error; 2. Unfair use of discretion; 3. Misplaced vengeance; 4. Weak public support; 5. Little deterrent effect; 6. Race/Gender biases; 7. Brutal; 8. Expensive
Test for one's competents to stand trial

23. The investigation of the murder of a postal worker would fall within the jurisdiction of...
Committed an act in violation of the penal code
If the punishment is 6 months in prisonment or more
The FBI
Police training - fingerprinting - and polygraph tests

24. A person can challenge a guilty plea by...
Sentence served simultaneously
Pre-Sentence Investigation
Probation Rules
Claiming he/she did not have effective counsul - claiming the plea was not made voluntarily and claiming that the prosecuter did not keep his/her promises made in the agreement

25. Women Imprisoned
Most are in minimum security and are less violent
When a jury member is challenged for no reason
Assembly line
An example of the criminal defense of Justification

26. Are tv camara's aloud in federal court?
House Arrest
Televised coverage is not permitted in federal courts
Boot Camp
The FBI

27. Jury Selection

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28. What is the common criteria for juveniles to be diverted to community programs?
1. First time offender; 2. Non-violent or status offender; 3. Alcahol or drug problem
Furlough
Substantive Rights
Established that juveniles should be rehabilitated not punished and that children should not be treated as adults

29. A prison treatment program that allows inmates to be released during the day to work in the community and return to prison at night.
Inmate must serve at least 85% of sentence imposed by court
Work Release
Whent he punishment of one offender deters others
Collecting taxes and supervising elections

30. An investigation performed by a probation officer attached to a trial court after the conviction of a defendent.
Claiming he/she did not have effective counsul - claiming the plea was not made voluntarily and claiming that the prosecuter did not keep his/her promises made in the agreement
Indigent Defendant
Pre-Sentence Investigation
7 Million Americans

31. Broken window policing is a strategy in which police officer...
Revocation
The place and its charecteristics
Intermediate Sanctions
Targets low level quality of life crimes to eliminate disorder in the community

32. Truth in Sentencing
Should treat people of different classes equitably
Most widely used type of sentence - goal is to indivdualize punishment
Inmate must serve at least 85% of sentence imposed by court
1. Probability of error; 2. Unfair use of discretion; 3. Misplaced vengeance; 4. Weak public support; 5. Little deterrent effect; 6. Race/Gender biases; 7. Brutal; 8. Expensive

33. Concurrent Jursidiction
15 states allow the prosecutor to decide
Property crimes
1. guilty; 2. not guilty; 3. hung jury
1. General Deterrence; 2. Specific Deterrence; 3. Incapaition; 4. Rehab; 5. Restitution

34. Right to public trial
Parole
Supreme court has established that criminal trials must remain public
Whether the person intentionally committed the act
Targets low level quality of life crimes to eliminate disorder in the community

35. The PRIMARY work of state law enforcement agencies involve...
Forfeiture
For criminal trials - the evidentairy standard is proof beyond a reasonable doubt
6 person jury is required by law jury must come to unanminous verdit
Highway Patrol

36. Arguments for the Death Penalty

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37. A short term militaristic correctional facility in which inmates undergo intensive physical conditioning and discipline.
Boot Camp
Probation Rules
If the officer supects that the person carrying weapons
7 Million Americans

38. How many percent of criminal defendents are considered indigent?
90%
The accused must be brought to trial within 100 days of being arrested
Grand Jury
Maximum-Security

39. An attorney employed by the government to represent criminal defenders who cannot afford to pay for a lawyer.
18
16
When a jury member is challenged for no reason
Public Defender

40. Legal counsel for the defendant in a criminal case - representing to final appeal.
Defense Attorney
Penitentiary House
Anger Managment
Unreported crimes - police corruption - police errors

41. Right to an impartial jury
6 person jury is required by law jury must come to unanminous verdit
$200 billion
The views of powerful elites in society
1. Incapactation; 2. Deterrence; 3. Moral 'an eye for an eye'; 4. Proportionality; 5. Public Opinion; 6. Low chance of error

42. What time of year are crime rates in the U.S. the highest?
Shock Incarceration
nolle prosequi
90%
Summer

43. Competent Standard

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44. Programs designed to help people who have become dependent on anger as a primary means of expressing themselves and those who inappropriately use anger or the threat of violence as a means to get their way.
Marriage
$200 billion
Society expects them to be criminals
Anger Managment

45. An administrative act performed by a parole authority that remove a person from parole -or a judicial orded by a court removing a person from parole or probation - in response to a violation on the part of the parolee.
Revocation
About 20% and most police departments require at least an associates degree
The right to compel witnesses via subpoena
House Arrest

46. Models of sentencing
Subpoena
1. General Deterrence; 2. Specific Deterrence; 3. Incapaition; 4. Rehab; 5. Restitution
Whent he punishment of one offender deters others
1. determinate; 2. mandatory; 3. interminate

47. The sizure of personal property by the state as a civil or criminal penalty.
Sentence served one after another
Counting the number of rapes in the U.S.
Judge should excuse himself or herself in there is a conflict of interest
Forfeiture

48. What did the BAIL REFORM ACT of 1984 establish?
An example of the criminal defense of Justification
1. prison farms and camps; 2. Shock Incarations; 3. Community correctional facilities; 4. Private prisons
Community Service Restitution
PRESUMPTION of DETENTION to limit the release of suspects on bail

49. Right to an impartial judge
Were considered highly educated in their time period
Judge should excuse himself or herself in there is a conflict of interest
Test for one's competents to stand trial
Forfeiture

50. A short prison sentence served in boot camp-type facilities
Total Instutution
Community Treatment
Shock Incarceration
Targets low level quality of life crimes to eliminate disorder in the community