Test your basic knowledge |

Criminal Justice

Subject : law

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Miranda Rights...
Obstacle course
Increasing
Self-incrimination
Miranda Waivers are particularly relevent to juveniles

2. Right to be competent at trail

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

3. A person can challenge a guilty plea by...
The procedural criminal law
Shock Incarceration
Claiming he/she did not have effective counsul - claiming the plea was not made voluntarily and claiming that the prosecuter did not keep his/her promises made in the agreement
16

4. Is female involvement in violent crime increasing or decreasing?
$200 billion
The U.S. Marshall
Increasing
Most are in minimum security and are less violent

5. The peak age for involvement in property crimes in the U.S is...
Selected random from tax records - Driver's Liscence records and voter registration
Private attorneys
The place and its charecteristics
16

6. According to the Supreme Court - the following activities would not violate individual protections against illegal seasrch and seizure...
Targets low level quality of life crimes to eliminate disorder in the community
The search of abandoned property - the search of an open field - the fly-over search of property
An example of the criminal defense of Justification
Tend to be in opposition to mainstream cultural values

7. A state of federal correctional institution for incarceration of felony offenders for term of one year or more.
1. General Deterrence; 2. Specific Deterrence; 3. Incapaition; 4. Rehab; 5. Restitution
Guaranteed by the 6th amendment.
The views of powerful elites in society
Prison

8. A correctional institution that houses dangerous felons and maintains strict security measure - high walls - and limited contact with the outside world.
Maximum-Security
Self-defense and insanity
Summer
They frequently mistake the indentity of suspects

9. NCVS crime statistics are likely to be better then the UCR crimes statistics in...
1.4 million
Counting the number of rapes in the U.S.
nolle prosequi
All evidence that is obtained illegally must be thrown out from the use at trial

10. The process in which a probation officer settles cases at the initial appearance before the onset of formal criminal proceeding.
For criminal trials - the evidentairy standard is proof beyond a reasonable doubt
Society expects them to be criminals
Guaranteed by the 6th amendment defendent may choose to waive the right to cousel and self-represent
Intake

11. An investigation performed by a probation officer attached to a trial court after the conviction of a defendent.
Pre-Sentence Investigation
1. Incapactation; 2. Deterrence; 3. Moral 'an eye for an eye'; 4. Proportionality; 5. Public Opinion; 6. Low chance of error
1. prison farms and camps; 2. Shock Incarations; 3. Community correctional facilities; 4. Private prisons
Maximum-Security

12. A regimented - dehumanizing institution such as a prison in which like-situated people are kept in social isolation - cut off from the world at large.
Total Instutution
The accused must be brought to trial within 100 days of being arrested
Determined by judge -statutory requirements and jury recommendation
1. guilty; 2. not guilty; 3. hung jury

13. Mandatory Sentence
Whent he punishment of one offender deters others
Defines what is criminal behavior and appropriate punishments
Police training - fingerprinting - and polygraph tests
Statutory requirement - limits judges power

14. Are Jury trial common in the U.S.?
Society expects them to be criminals
The right to compel witnesses via subpoena
No - jury trials are NOT very common in the U.S.
Is favorable because it increases efficiency

15. According to Sampson and Laub's age-graded theory of crime - a developmental theory - the following points are associated with reduced recidivism...
1.4 million
The death penalty only applies to first degree murder and only when aggravating circumstances are present
Marriage
Boot Camp

16. A place to detain people awaiting trial - to serve as a lockup for drunks and disorderly individuals - and to confine convicted misdemeanants serving sentences of less then ten
About 20% and most police departments require at least an associates degree
nolle prosequi
1. Investigate; 2. Intake; 3. Diagnosis; 4. Supervision; Risk Classification
Jail

17. A group of citizens chosen to hear charges against persons accused of crime and to determine whether there is sufficient evidence to bring the person to trial.
1. First time offender; 2. Non-violent or status offender; 3. Alcahol or drug problem
Counting the number of rapes in the U.S.
Grand Jury
Went down steadily

18. A short term militaristic correctional facility in which inmates undergo intensive physical conditioning and discipline.
Judge directs jury to acquit the defendant because the prosecution has fail to prove the elements of the crime according to legal standards
The search of abandoned property - the search of an open field - the fly-over search of property
Accountability of private police to legal standards of policing and equity in treatment of rich and poor areas
Boot Camp

19. Problem of Re-entry
1. Large numbers of re-entering inmates; 2. Legal prohibition on kinds of employment; 3. Limits on obtaining licenses; 4. Restriction on freedom of movment
1. determinate; 2. mandatory; 3. interminate
Test for one's competents to stand trial
Grand Jury

20. According to Freud's psychological theory - deviant behavior is the result of...
Fine
Is favorable because it increases efficiency
Day Fees
Unresolved personality conflicts in early childhood

21. According to Packer's due process model of criminal justice - plea bargaining...
Guaranteed by the 6th amendment.
The local police
Is favorable because it increases efficiency
Indigent Defendant

22. Peremptory Challenge
Were considered highly educated in their time period
The accused must be brought to trial within 100 days of being arrested
Probation Rules
When a jury member is challenged for no reason

23. Status Offenders
Insanity - battared woman syndrome - status as a juvenile
Self-defense and insanity
Commonly classified as Persons in Need of Supervision (PINS) or Children in Need of Supervision (CHINS)
Lengthy prison term for 3rd felony offense even if it is a minor offense

24. A program requiring probationers to pay in part for the costs of their treatment.
1. Severity of offense; 2. Prior criminal record; 3. Use of violence; 4. Use of weapons; 5. Motivation (money)
Determined by judge -statutory requirements and jury recommendation
1. personal deficits; 2. social deficit; 3. Economic deficits; 4. Marriage and family deficits
Day Fees

25. Prison Rape/Sexual Coercion
Determined by judge -statutory requirements and jury recommendation
1. personal deficits; 2. social deficit; 3. Economic deficits; 4. Marriage and family deficits
The death penalty only applies to first degree murder and only when aggravating circumstances are present
It has been long routine in penal instutitions; there are 123 rape victims per 1000 inmates. According to inmates prison staff commit more crimes then other inmates

26. According to choice theories of crime (classical school) - humans are'
Should be whether the defendent has sufficient present ability to consult with defendents lawyers and defend one's self
Rational - self- intersted and hedonistic
1. prison farms and camps; 2. Shock Incarations; 3. Community correctional facilities; 4. Private prisons
Penitentiary House

27. Broken window policing is a strategy in which police officer...
Supreme court has established that criminal trials must remain public
Targets low level quality of life crimes to eliminate disorder in the community
House Arrest
Went down steadily

28. Civil right that include the right of inmates to receive mail and medical benefits and to practice their religion.
Parole
16
1. First time offender; 2. Non-violent or status offender; 3. Alcahol or drug problem
Substantive Rights

29. An argument in favor of the O.J. trial is likely to point to the fact that...
Community Service Restitution
Halfway House
There were too many police errors to trust the police evidence
Intermediate Sanctions

30. Three Strikes Law
Halfway House
Certainty of punishment - swiftness of punishment - punishment that is proportional to the severity of the crime
The search of abandoned property - the search of an open field - the fly-over search of property
Lengthy prison term for 3rd felony offense even if it is a minor offense

31. Factors that Influence Sentencing
Most are in minimum security and are less violent
The views of powerful elites in society
1. Severity of offense; 2. Prior criminal record; 3. Use of violence; 4. Use of weapons; 5. Motivation (money)
Miranda Waivers are particularly relevent to juveniles

32. The policing style associated with police officers belief that it is his duty to be a first line responder to various problems in the community is...
The views of powerful elites in society
The procedural criminal law
Social agent
1. Incapactation; 2. Deterrence; 3. Moral 'an eye for an eye'; 4. Proportionality; 5. Public Opinion; 6. Low chance of error

33. Good time
Obstacle course
Went down steadily
Can earn 10 to 15 days per month and sentence reduction
Is favorable because it increases efficiency

34. A sentence entailing the conditional release of a convicted offender into the community under the supervision of the court
The place and its charecteristics
Parole
Probation
90%

35. About how many people are in prisons in the US?
Pennsylvania System
1.4 million
Social agent
The U.S. Marshall

36. The federal agency responsible for the witness protection program and fugitive investigations is...
Sentence served one after another
The U.S. Marshall
For criminal trials - the evidentairy standard is proof beyond a reasonable doubt
Can earn 10 to 15 days per month and sentence reduction

37. The initial reaction in prison is usually...
The death penalty only applies to first degree murder and only when aggravating circumstances are present
The procedural criminal law
Lengthy prison term for 3rd felony offense even if it is a minor offense
Depression and loneliness are common and inmates must learn coping behaviors

38. An example of the criminal defense of justifaction is...
Unresolved personality conflicts in early childhood
1. General Deterrence; 2. Specific Deterrence; 3. Incapaition; 4. Rehab; 5. Restitution
Self-defense and insanity
Self-incrimination

39. What is one problem with eye-witnesses?
Judge directs jury to acquit the defendant because the prosecution has fail to prove the elements of the crime according to legal standards
Increasing
They frequently mistake the indentity of suspects
Day Fees

40. Argument against the Death Penalty
Make-believe family
1. Probability of error; 2. Unfair use of discretion; 3. Misplaced vengeance; 4. Weak public support; 5. Little deterrent effect; 6. Race/Gender biases; 7. Brutal; 8. Expensive
The procedural criminal law
Illegally obtained confessions - cruel and unusual punishment and an impartial jury

41. The 4th Amendment protects citizens from what?
7 Million Americans
Accountability of private police to legal standards of policing and equity in treatment of rich and poor areas
15 states allow the prosecutor to decide
Illegally obtained confessions - cruel and unusual punishment and an impartial jury

42. A defendent who lacks the funds to hire a private attorney and is therefore entitled to free counsel.
Sentence served simultaneously
The FBI
Indigent Defendant
Established that juveniles should be rehabilitated not punished and that children should not be treated as adults

43. The 5th amendment protects citizens from...
Indigent Defendant
Judge should excuse himself or herself in there is a conflict of interest
Police training - fingerprinting - and polygraph tests
Self-incrimination

44. A community-based correctional facility that houses inmates before their outright released so that they can become gradually acclimatd to conventional society.
29 states automatically exclude some offenses from juvenile court (EX. Rape/Murder)
Private attorneys
Claiming he/she did not have effective counsul - claiming the plea was not made voluntarily and claiming that the prosecuter did not keep his/her promises made in the agreement
Halfway House

45. What time of year are crime rates in the U.S. the highest?
Whether the person intentionally committed the act
Juvenile records are confidential; in recent years states have passed statutes to allow for records to be accessed by court order
Probation
Summer

46. From 1995 to 2005 - the crime rate in the U.S...
Enter a plea
Went down steadily
1. Impartial Judge; 2. Competent to Stand Trial; 3. Confront Witnesses; 4. Compulsory Process; 5. Impartial Jury; 6. Counsul; 7. Speedy Trial; 8. Public Trial
1. Large numbers of re-entering inmates; 2. Legal prohibition on kinds of employment; 3. Limits on obtaining licenses; 4. Restriction on freedom of movment

47. A prison system - developed in Pennsylvania during the nineteeth centry - based on total isolation and individual pentence.
Pennsylvania System
Shock Incarceration
They frequently mistake the indentity of suspects
Sentence served one after another

48. About how many Americans are under some form of correctional supervision?
Fine
New York (Auburn) System
Halfway House
7 Million Americans

49. The officers of the London Metropolitan Police...
Were considered highly educated in their time period
If the officer supects that the person carrying weapons
Public Defender
Loyalty is a critical component of the police subculture

50. Mens reas is important in determining if a person can be held criminally responsible and refers specifically to...
Sentence served simultaneously
Whether the person intentionally committed the act
Private attorneys
7 Million Americans