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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The process in which one type of rock changes into another
Longitude
11
Weight and mass
The rock cycle
2. Theory that the earth's continents were originally united as a supercontinent - Pangaea - Established by Alfred Wegener in the early 1900s
Continental drift
Equinoxes
Surface ocean currents
Minerals
3. Center: 3000
4. The farther from the tropics you are positioned - the ________ the angle of the sun - This causes those locations to be cooler due to the indirect sunlight
Time zone
lower
Latitude
Long linear arcs
5. The strength of gravity in our solar system depends on both the masses of the celestial objects and the _______ between them
Intrusive
Clastic
Examples to support Continental drift theory
Distance
6. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals (also known as biological weathering)
snow
Chemical weathering
World/global ocean
Snow packs
7. The degrees north or south of the equator
Extrusive
Law of superposition
Latitude
Smaller regions of the oceans
8. The rising of the earth's ocean surface caused by the tidal forces of the moon and the sun acting on the oceans
Tides
Sedimentation
Snowmelt
- mP
9. A ______________ - such as the Mid - Atlantic Ridge - has examples of volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates pulling apart
Crustal rocks
Maritime air
Mid - oceanic ridge
Cirrus clouds
10. Comprises one global - interconnected body of salt water often (though generally recognized as several separate oceans) - A continuous body of water with relatively free interchange among its parts
11
Sun's gravity
World/global ocean
Convergent tectonic plates
11. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic
Gravity and inertia
Condensation
Standard time zones
Pacific Ring of Fire
12. Condensed water vapor that falls to the earth's surface - Most precipitation occurs as rain - but also includes snow - hail - fog drip - graupel - and sleet
Hydrologic cycle
aquifers
Precipitation
Strata
13. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods
Comet
Short - period comets
Surface temperature
Time zone
14. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal
Standard time zones
- mP
Altostratus clouds
Semidiurnal
15. Large - dark clouds that indicate thunderstorms
Tides
Climate
Cumulonibus clouds
Chemical sedimentary rocks
16. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy
moisture
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
Snow packs
Nuclear fusion
17. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune
Rain shadow
Convergent plate movements
Intrusive
Short - period comets
18. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics
Evapotranspiration
The earth's structure
Why weather occurs
46%
19. (in descending order of size) the Pacific Ocean - the Atlantic Ocean - the Indian Ocean - the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean
Orogenic zones
Metamorphic rocks
Conglomerates
Major oceans
20. Oceans cover __ of the earth's surface
Speed of light
Polar air
aquifers
3/4
21. Igneous rock that forms on the earth's surface - Examples obsidian - basalt - and pumice
Extrusive
Petroleum exploration
freshwater springs
Surface ocean currents
22. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5
Continental drift
- mT
aquifers
El Nino and La Nina
23. Forms south of the Arctic and is cold
Polar air
groundwater discharge
11
Earth's crust
24. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)
The rock cycle
Gravity and inertia
Troposhere
Clastic
25. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...
Full moon
Mantle
Opposite seasons
Distance
26. Form when magma or lava cools and solidifies - Depending on the rate of cooling - can contain visible crystals - while others can appear glassy
Surface ocean temperature
Igneous rocks
Pacific Ring of Fire
Mid - oceanic ridge
27. Can thaw and melt - and the ensuing water flows overland as snowmelt
Weight and mass
lower elevation
Stars
Snow packs
28. Maritime tropical (wet - warm air)
Gravity and inertia
Chemical sedimentary rocks
- mT
Weathering
29. Due to a combination of differential heating and geometry - hen the sun rises - it is the tops of the mountain peaks which receive first light - and as the day progresses - the mountain slopes take on a greater heat load than the valleys - This resul
Short - period comets
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Nuclear fusion
30. Maritime polar (wet - cold air)
percolation
Meteorology
- mP
Weathering
31. Most sediments were deposited in beds that were originally horizontal - and any tilting is due to later earth movements
Rock salt
Law of original horizontality
Continental drift
Mountain
32. Air currents move clouds around the globe and cloud particles collide - grow - and fall out of the sky as ________ - Most of it falls back into the oceans or onto land - where the precipitation flows over the ground as surface runoff - portion of run
precipitation
Surface temperature differences
Longitude
Continental drift
33. Method of using the present to interpret the past - Processes occurring today are observed carefully and their effects are measured - Then - geologists assume that similar effects in ancient rocks were caused by processes similar to those of the pres
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Comet nuclei
3/4
Uniformitarianism
34. Pulls the planets toward the sun - while their inertia keeps them moving forward in an elliptical orbit around the sun
35. The major mountains tend to occur in __________ - indicating tectonic plate boundaries and activity
Long linear arcs
Tropical air
La Nina
Venus
36. Two types of mountains are formed - depending on how the rock reacts to the tectonic forces
Groundwater
Latitude
Block mountains or fold mountains
The equator
37. An individual weighing 200 lbs on Earth would weigh more on a _______________ - Weight is a function of gravity
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
lower elevation
Evaporation
larger planet
38. Zero degrees latitude - generally has a tropical climate (warm and wet); at the extreme northern and southern latitudes (polar regions) - the climate is very cold and dry
Longitude
Planets
The equator
Hydrologic concepts
39. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon
Extrusive
Lithosphere
46%
Sublimation
40. Featherlike clouds that indicate fair weather
Planets
Metamorphic rocks
Cirrus clouds
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
41. Occur when two plates pull away from each other - Such faults are generally weak and shallow Example: the Mid - Atlantic Range in the Atlantic Ocean
15
Estuary
Divergent plate movements
Limestone
42. The layers of sediment deposited in a quiet environment - Common sites of deposition are lakes - deltas at the mouths of rivers - beaches and sandbars along the coast - and (most important) the marine environment
Opposite seasons
precipitation
Strata
Semidiurnal
43. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
Igneous rocks
Transform plate movements
Groundwater
44. A major determiner of coastal climate
Fossils
cooling
Soil
Surface ocean temperature
45. There are approx. _____ days between each lunar cycle
29.5
Venus
California coast
cooling
46. The result of the buildup of once - living things
Tectonic plates
The earth's structure
Stars
Coral reef
47. The science that describes and interprets the earth Fields: - Geomorphology (land forms) - Petrology (rocks) - Stratigraphy (layered rocks) - Paleontology (fossils)
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Solar wind
Spring tide
Geology
48. The process of chemical or physical breakdown of earth rocks - soils - and their minerals
lower elevation
Weathering
percolation
The distinction between asteroids and comets
49. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away
46%
Clastic
Coral reef
Andromeda galaxy
50. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line
Eclipses
Long linear arcs
Gravity and inertia
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions