Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000






2. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy






3. Giant masses of solid rock that float upon the earth's mantle - These plates move in relation to one another at one of three types of plate boundaries...






4. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth






5. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away






6. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods






7. Forms over land and is associated with dry air






8. Test the item against materials of known hardness; for example - use your fingernail or the graphite in a pencil to attempt to scratch the items. This process should result in assigning a relative hardness to the unknown items.






9. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p






10. The major mountains tend to occur in __________ - indicating tectonic plate boundaries and activity






11. Sometimes called minor planets or planetoids - Bodies






12. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...






13. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years






14. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the same area - Atlanta tropical cyclone activity is generally enhanced during La Nina - Often follows the El Nino - especially when the latter is strong






15. An individual weighing 200 lbs on Earth would weigh more on a _______________ - Weight is a function of gravity






16. Texture is important in classifying ______ sedimentary rocks






17. The degrees north or south of the equator






18. Hotspot volcanoes are also found elsewhere in the Solar System - especially on...






19. The Pacific Ring of Fire has examples of volcanoes caused by ___________ coming together






20. Stars with the highest ___________ appear blue - while stars with the lowest surface temperature appear red






21. The farther from the tropics you are positioned - the ________ the angle of the sun - This causes those locations to be cooler due to the indirect sunlight






22. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)






23. Can influence climate by sending tremendous volumes of dust - ash - and smoke into the atmosphere






24. A ______________ - such as the Mid - Atlantic Ridge - has examples of volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates pulling apart






25. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate






26. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed






27. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through direct contact with atmospheric conditions such as heat - water - ice - and pressure






28. Maritime tropical (wet - warm air)






29. Igneous rock that forms on the earth's surface - Examples obsidian - basalt - and pumice






30. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics






31. The strong temperature contrast between polar and tropical air gives rise to the ________






32. Theory that the earth's continents were originally united as a supercontinent - Pangaea - Established by Alfred Wegener in the early 1900s






33. Comprised of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle - broken up into tectonic plates (7 major and many minor) - ride on the asthenosphere






34. Due to a combination of differential heating and geometry - hen the sun rises - it is the tops of the mountain peaks which receive first light - and as the day progresses - the mountain slopes take on a greater heat load than the valleys - This resul






35. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line






36. Forms south of the Arctic and is cold






37. Oceans cover __ of the earth's surface






38. When the moon is at first quarter or third quarter - the sun - earth and moon form a 90- degree (right) angle with the earth at the vertex - The combined effect of this alignment of the sun - earth - and moon results in tidal ranges on the earth - Wh






39. Comprises one global - interconnected body of salt water often (though generally recognized as several separate oceans) - A continuous body of water with relatively free interchange among its parts






40. The result of the buildup of once - living things






41. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...

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42. Large - dark clouds that indicate thunderstorms






43. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun






44. Paleontology: Fossil evidence indicates the similarity of fossils on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean - Continental 'jigsaw puzzle': The outlines of the continents seem to fit together






45. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th






46. The cold - water current that flows north to south off the _____________ keeps the West Coast fairly cool during the summer - Cold - water currents create cooler temperatures in areas that would otherwise be much warmer






47. After the moon has waxed through crescent - quarter - and gibbous phases - a ________ appears - At that time - the moon rises at sunset - and we see all of its illuminated side - Then the phase wanes gradually to another new moon






48. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e






49. Occurs when the moon sets at sunset - Then the moon is between the earth and the sun - so we see only the dark half of the moon






50. The evaporation of these oceans is how we get most of our __________ - and their temperature determines our climate and wind patterns