Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Temperature - pressure - and composition






2. Stars with the highest ___________ appear blue - while stars with the lowest surface temperature appear red






3. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5






4. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...






5. A land form that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area - with a peak - Usually produced by the movement of lithospheric plates






6. 186000 miles/second






7. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________






8. A continuous drill would find gas - oil - and water in that order - The three substances occur in their order of density - with the lightest substance on top and the heaviest on the bottom






9. Occur when two plates slip past each other - Such faults are generally moderate and are relatively shallow Example: The San Andreas Fault






10. A region of the earth that has uniform standard time - usually referred to as the local time - divided into standard and daylight saving (or summer)






11. The farther from the tropics you are positioned - the ________ the angle of the sun - This causes those locations to be cooler due to the indirect sunlight






12. Believed to originate at a much greater distance from the Sun - in a cloud (the Oort cloud) consisting of debris left over from the condensation of solar nebula - Comets are thrown from the outer planets or nearby stars - or as a result of collisions






13. After the moon has waxed through crescent - quarter - and gibbous phases - a ________ appears - At that time - the moon rises at sunset - and we see all of its illuminated side - Then the phase wanes gradually to another new moon






14. The atmosphere is a __________ - and so small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole - This makes it difficult to accurately predict weather more than a few days in advance






15. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy






16. Classified as warm - water or cold - water currents






17. The fossiliferous strata record is only the last __% of the earth's history






18. Air currents move clouds around the globe and cloud particles collide - grow - and fall out of the sky as ________ - Most of it falls back into the oceans or onto land - where the precipitation flows over the ground as surface runoff - portion of run






19. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000






20. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog






21. The spectra of distant objects display a red shift - which is interpreted as meaning that they are rapidly receding from us - This apparent expansion of the universe has given rise to the big bang theory of cosmology - in which one primeval mass expl






22. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal






23. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow






24. Loose collections of ice - dust - and small rocky particles - measuring a few kilometers or tens of kilometers across






25. Igneous rock that forms on the earth's surface - Examples obsidian - basalt - and pumice






26. Two feldspars (orthoclase and plagioclase) - quartz - olivine - and augite - These five minerals are silicates - built from interlocking silicon and oxygen atoms






27. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the






28. Different visual appearance; when discovered - comets show a perceptible coma while asteroids do not






29. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures






30. Formed from calcium carbonate - also an example of chemical sedimentary rocks - like roock salt - can contain organic or once - living matter and can record the history of that matter's formation in features such as strata - fossil evidence - and rip






31. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic






32. Maritime polar (wet - cold air)






33. The flow of water underground - in the vadose zone and aquifers - Subsurface water may return to the surface (as a spring or by being pumped) or eventually seep into the oceans






34. Cause pressure differences - A hot surface heats the air above it and the air expands - lowering the air pressure and its density






35. The movement (carrying away or displacement) of solids (sediment - soil - rock - and other particles) - usually by the agents of currents such as wind - water - or ice by downward or down - slope movement in response to gravity






36. The science that describes and interprets the earth Fields: - Geomorphology (land forms) - Petrology (rocks) - Stratigraphy (layered rocks) - Paleontology (fossils)






37. Somewhat cooler disturbances in the photosphere






38. A semi - closed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it - and with a free connection to the open sea - Often associated with high levels of biological diversity - They are made up of brackish water - Often given names






39. The evaporation of these oceans is how we get most of our __________ - and their temperature determines our climate and wind patterns






40. Takes approx. seven and a half earth months to revolve around the sun - Takes approx. eight earth months to rotate on its axis - a day on ________ is longer than a year






41. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate






42. Pulls the planets toward the sun - while their inertia keeps them moving forward in an elliptical orbit around the sun

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43. Take up about 1/3 of the earth's land surface - many are formed by rain shadows - Usually have a large diurnal (day) and seasonal temperature range - with high daytime temperatures






44. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years






45. One tidal cycle per day






46. The rising of the earth's ocean surface caused by the tidal forces of the moon and the sun acting on the oceans






47. Bbreaking along flat surfaces






48. How much matter is in the object






49. Divided into two main types: large - low- density gas giants and smaller - rocky terrestrials - There are at least 341 identified _______ - 8 of which are in the Solar System






50. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed