Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Darkens the moon as the earth passes between it and the sun - casting a shadow on the moon - may be seen from anywhere the moon is visible - about half of the earth






2. Largest zone of the planet (68%); crystalline silicates - rich in magnesium - calcium - and iron; very hot and mainly solid - but local melting to magma is the source of volcanic eruptions






3. 4 terrestrials: Mercury - Venus - Mars - Earth 4 gas giants: Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune At least 5 dwarf planets: Ceres - Pluto - Makemake - Haumea - Eris






4. Affected by factors such as weathering and impurities






5. Seas - gulfs - bays - and other names






6. Occur when two plates push together - Such faults are strong and relatively deep - Where the strongest earthquakes occur Example: mountain building in the Himalayas and the Andes






7. Theory that the earth's continents were originally united as a supercontinent - Pangaea - Established by Alfred Wegener in the early 1900s






8. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration






9. Rocks are placed into groups according to how they form...






10. This scale assigns a fixed number to 10 reference materials. Talc (1) is the softest and diamond (10) is the hardest

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11. Characterized by similar temperatures and moisture levels






12. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans






13. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed






14. The farther from the tropics you are positioned - the ________ the angle of the sun - This causes those locations to be cooler due to the indirect sunlight






15. Cause pressure differences - A hot surface heats the air above it and the air expands - lowering the air pressure and its density






16. Condensed water vapor that falls to the earth's surface - Most precipitation occurs as rain - but also includes snow - hail - fog drip - graupel - and sleet






17. The major mountains tend to occur in __________ - indicating tectonic plate boundaries and activity






18. The science of the atmosphere and weather






19. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon






20. Typically the tidal mouths of rivers and are often characterized by _____________ or silt carried in from terrestrial runoff - frequently from offshore






21. Igneous rock that forms on the earth's surface - Examples obsidian - basalt - and pumice






22. Comprises one global - interconnected body of salt water often (though generally recognized as several separate oceans) - A continuous body of water with relatively free interchange among its parts






23. The Pacific Ring of Fire has examples of volcanoes caused by ___________ coming together






24. Maritime tropical (wet - warm air)






25. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone






26. Not all runoff flows into rivers; much of it infiltrates into the ground through...






27. Volcanoes are generally found where ________ are diverging or converging






28. The cold - water current that flows north to south off the _____________ keeps the West Coast fairly cool during the summer - Cold - water currents create cooler temperatures in areas that would otherwise be much warmer






29. Temperature - pressure - and composition






30. The lateral movement of the plates is typically at speeds of ___ mm annually






31. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes






32. (or summer time zones) include an offset (typically +1 hour) for daylight saving time






33. Forms over land and is associated with dry air






34. Further caused by the elliptical orbit of the earth - Earth reaches perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the sun) in January - and it reaches aphelion (farthest point from the sun) in July - Also depend on factors such as proximity to oceans






35. Test the item against materials of known hardness; for example - use your fingernail or the graphite in a pencil to attempt to scratch the items. This process should result in assigning a relative hardness to the unknown items.






36. Large - scale movements of the earth's lithosphere - - The theory encompasses the older concepts of continental drift (first half of 20th century) and seafloor spreading (1960s)






37. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic






38. The process in which one type of rock changes into another






39. Takes approx. seven and a half earth months to revolve around the sun - Takes approx. eight earth months to rotate on its axis - a day on ________ is longer than a year






40. A huge ball of incandescent gases - Its mass is more than 300000 times that of the earth - Principal constituents are the lightest elements - hydrogen and helium






41. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...






42. Formed by sodium chloride






43. Faulting and folding






44. One tidal cycle per day






45. Can thaw and melt - and the ensuing water flows overland as snowmelt






46. Pulls the planets toward the sun - while their inertia keeps them moving forward in an elliptical orbit around the sun

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47. Forms over the Tropics and is warm






48. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms






49. When the moon is at first quarter or third quarter - the sun - earth and moon form a 90- degree (right) angle with the earth at the vertex - The combined effect of this alignment of the sun - earth - and moon results in tidal ranges on the earth - Wh






50. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert