Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Formed by sodium chloride






2. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods






3. Occurs when the moon sets at sunset - Then the moon is between the earth and the sun - so we see only the dark half of the moon






4. Forms over water and is associated with wet air






5. How much matter is in the object






6. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5






7. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years






8. Some isolated mountains were produced by volcanoes - including many apparently ________ that reach a great height above the ocean floor






9. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the same area - Atlanta tropical cyclone activity is generally enhanced during La Nina - Often follows the El Nino - especially when the latter is strong






10. A ______________ - such as the Mid - Atlantic Ridge - has examples of volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates pulling apart






11. Further caused by the elliptical orbit of the earth - Earth reaches perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the sun) in January - and it reaches aphelion (farthest point from the sun) in July - Also depend on factors such as proximity to oceans






12. Volcanoes are also found in __________ - where the denser oceanic plates are forced under continental plates; this adds massive volumes of water to the mantle - allowing magma to melt more readily and rise to the surface to form volcanoes






13. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic






14. Most sediments were deposited in beds that were originally horizontal - and any tilting is due to later earth movements






15. Test the item against materials of known hardness; for example - use your fingernail or the graphite in a pencil to attempt to scratch the items. This process should result in assigning a relative hardness to the unknown items.






16. The strength of gravity in our solar system depends on both the masses of the celestial objects and the _______ between them






17. Texture is important in classifying ______ sedimentary rocks






18. A continuous drill would find gas - oil - and water in that order - The three substances occur in their order of density - with the lightest substance on top and the heaviest on the bottom






19. Paleontology: Fossil evidence indicates the similarity of fossils on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean - Continental 'jigsaw puzzle': The outlines of the continents seem to fit together






20. Cause pressure differences - A hot surface heats the air above it and the air expands - lowering the air pressure and its density






21. Rising air currents take the vapor up into the atmopshere where cooler temperatures cause it to condense into ____






22. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics






23. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000






24. Defined by geometrically subdividing the earth's spheroid into 24 lunes (wedge - shaped sections) - bordered by meridians - each 15






25. The major mountains tend to occur in __________ - indicating tectonic plate boundaries and activity






26. The movement (carrying away or displacement) of solids (sediment - soil - rock - and other particles) - usually by the agents of currents such as wind - water - or ice by downward or down - slope movement in response to gravity






27. Scientists theorize that massive volcanic eruptions on a global scale contributed to the earth's cooling - resulting in the onset of the...






28. The difference between levels of ocean water at high and low tides






29. This scale assigns a fixed number to 10 reference materials. Talc (1) is the softest and diamond (10) is the hardest

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30. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an






31. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate






32. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)






33. Sun heats water in the oceans - Water evaporates as vapor into the air - Ice and snow can sublimate directly into water vapor...- Over time - the water reenters the ocean - where the water cycle started






34. On maps - the characteristics of an air mass are represented by two letters: The lowercase letter represents ________ - and the uppercase letter represents temperature






35. Seas - gulfs - bays - and other names






36. The resulting dust layer would act as a shield - blocking out much of the sun's rays - This would result in lower global temperatures and a general _____ of the earth






37. Takes approx. seven and a half earth months to revolve around the sun - Takes approx. eight earth months to rotate on its axis - a day on ________ is longer than a year






38. The strong temperature contrast between polar and tropical air gives rise to the ________






39. Some precipitation falls as ____ and can accumulate as ice caps and glaciers - which can store water for thousands of years






40. The transformation of water from liquid to gas phases as it moves from the ground or bodies of water into the overlying atmosphere






41. A land form that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area - with a peak - Usually produced by the movement of lithospheric plates






42. Sometimes called minor planets or planetoids - Bodies






43. Traces of ancient life preserved in the strata as shells - footprints - and the like - Soft plant and animal tissues decompose quickly in the presence of decay bacteria - which exist wherever oxygen exists






44. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal






45. The rising of the earth's ocean surface caused by the tidal forces of the moon and the sun acting on the oceans






46. Oceans cover __ of the earth's surface






47. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration






48. This upslope wind is called a...






49. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon






50. The movement of rainwater as it filters through soil and rocks into the ground - becoming groundwater