Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5






2. Formed by sodium chloride






3. A semi - closed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it - and with a free connection to the open sea - Often associated with high levels of biological diversity - They are made up of brackish water - Often given names






4. The Pacific Ring of Fire has examples of volcanoes caused by ___________ coming together






5. Comprises one global - interconnected body of salt water often (though generally recognized as several separate oceans) - A continuous body of water with relatively free interchange among its parts






6. Texture is important in classifying ______ sedimentary rocks






7. This scale assigns a fixed number to 10 reference materials. Talc (1) is the softest and diamond (10) is the hardest

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8. Cirrus - Stratus - Cumulonimbus - Altostratus






9. Occur when two plates push together - Such faults are strong and relatively deep - Where the strongest earthquakes occur Example: mountain building in the Himalayas and the Andes






10. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths






11. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal






12. Affected by factors such as weathering and impurities






13. Giant masses of solid rock that float upon the earth's mantle - These plates move in relation to one another at one of three types of plate boundaries...






14. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the same area - Atlanta tropical cyclone activity is generally enhanced during La Nina - Often follows the El Nino - especially when the latter is strong






15. Divided into two main types: large - low- density gas giants and smaller - rocky terrestrials - There are at least 341 identified _______ - 8 of which are in the Solar System






16. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed






17. The spectra of distant objects display a red shift - which is interpreted as meaning that they are rapidly receding from us - This apparent expansion of the universe has given rise to the big bang theory of cosmology - in which one primeval mass expl






18. Spiral - elliptical - and irregular form are speckled throughout the visible universe - Largest telescope has detected galaxies to its limit of several billion light - years






19. 1 hour of time






20. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune






21. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away






22. Forms over water and is associated with wet air






23. Seasons are marked by changes in the amount of sunlight - which in turn often cause cycles of dormancy in plants and hibernation in animals - These effects vary with latitude and with proximity to bodies of water






24. The movement (carrying away or displacement) of solids (sediment - soil - rock - and other particles) - usually by the agents of currents such as wind - water - or ice by downward or down - slope movement in response to gravity






25. Huge systems of stars - Milky Way is estimated to have 100 billion stars arranged in a great disk






26. The precipitation that is intercepted by plant foliage and eventually evaporates back to the atmosphere rather than falling to the ground






27. Gas giants Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus and Neptune have diameters far larger than Earth's and have far greater masses






28. Paleontology: Fossil evidence indicates the similarity of fossils on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean - Continental 'jigsaw puzzle': The outlines of the continents seem to fit together






29. A land form that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area - with a peak - Usually produced by the movement of lithospheric plates






30. Comprised of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle - broken up into tectonic plates (7 major and many minor) - ride on the asthenosphere






31. When the moon is at first quarter or third quarter - the sun - earth and moon form a 90- degree (right) angle with the earth at the vertex - The combined effect of this alignment of the sun - earth - and moon results in tidal ranges on the earth - Wh






32. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals (also known as biological weathering)






33. Air currents move clouds around the globe and cloud particles collide - grow - and fall out of the sky as ________ - Most of it falls back into the oceans or onto land - where the precipitation flows over the ground as surface runoff - portion of run






34. A region of the earth that has uniform standard time - usually referred to as the local time - divided into standard and daylight saving (or summer)






35. Maritime tropical (wet - warm air)






36. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...

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37. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate






38. The science that describes and interprets the earth Fields: - Geomorphology (land forms) - Petrology (rocks) - Stratigraphy (layered rocks) - Paleontology (fossils)






39. Typically the tidal mouths of rivers and are often characterized by _____________ or silt carried in from terrestrial runoff - frequently from offshore






40. Method of using the present to interpret the past - Processes occurring today are observed carefully and their effects are measured - Then - geologists assume that similar effects in ancient rocks were caused by processes similar to those of the pres






41. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000






42. The process of chemical or physical breakdown of earth rocks - soils - and their minerals






43. Cause pressure differences - A hot surface heats the air above it and the air expands - lowering the air pressure and its density






44. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th






45. Two types of mountains are formed - depending on how the rock reacts to the tectonic forces






46. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans






47. Some precipitation falls as ____ and can accumulate as ice caps and glaciers - which can store water for thousands of years






48. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert






49. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog






50. The source of energy for evaporation is primarily through ___________