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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The tendency of a moving object to stay in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place - Without _______ - a planet would be pulled into the sun
- cT
Inertia
Gravity and inertia
Rock salt
2. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog
Convergent tectonic plates
11
- mT
Condensation
3. A huge ball of incandescent gases - Its mass is more than 300000 times that of the earth - Principal constituents are the lightest elements - hydrogen and helium
Valley breeze
Latitude
Sun
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
4. Oceans cover __ of the earth's surface
Coral reef
Why weather occurs
3/4
River
5. The evaporation of these oceans is how we get most of our __________ - and their temperature determines our climate and wind patterns
Types of galaxies
Tides
Rainfall
Transform plate movements
6. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth
- mP
Moon
Latitude
Solar wind
7. Seas - gulfs - bays - and other names
Cirrus clouds
10000
Smaller regions of the oceans
Venus
8. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune
clouds
Condensation
Short - period comets
Mountain
9. Some groundwater finds openings in the land surface and emerges as...
Plate tectonics
freshwater springs
Troposhere
jet stream
10. Tides may be...
Air mass
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Uniformitarianism
11. (in descending order of size) the Pacific Ocean - the Atlantic Ocean - the Indian Ocean - the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean
Stratus clouds
Major oceans
Sunspots
Conglomerates
12. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years
Groundwater
Air mass
Precipitation
Time zone
13. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods
The earth's structure
Comet
Transform plate movements
Strata
14. Center: 3000
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15. Rocks are placed into groups according to how they form...
Petroleum exploration
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
Sedimentation
The equator
16. Spiral - elliptical - and irregular form are speckled throughout the visible universe - Largest telescope has detected galaxies to its limit of several billion light - years
Types of galaxies
Limestone
Surface ocean temperature
Distance
17. Classified as warm - water or cold - water currents
Surface ocean currents
Subsurface flow
Standard time zones
Transpiration
18. The difference between levels of ocean water at high and low tides
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Soil
Tidal range
3/4
19. Erosion in many places is increased by human land use - Poor land - use practices include deforestation - overgrazing - unmanaged construction activity - and road building
Continental air
Erosion and land use
Small islands
Moon
20. Ancient astronomers found that eclipses occurred periodically and learned to predict them accurately - Lunar and solar
5.6
Tides
Eclipses
- cP
21. There are approx. _____ days between each lunar cycle
The Gulf - Stream
29.5
Igneous rocks
Short - period comets
22. Comprises one global - interconnected body of salt water often (though generally recognized as several separate oceans) - A continuous body of water with relatively free interchange among its parts
World/global ocean
Limestone
groundwater discharge
The geological time scale
23. Formed from calcium carbonate - also an example of chemical sedimentary rocks - like roock salt - can contain organic or once - living matter and can record the history of that matter's formation in features such as strata - fossil evidence - and rip
Limestone
Scratch test
Types of clouds
Chemical weathering
24. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed
precipitation
The geological time scale
Snowmelt
Convergent tectonic plates
25. Affected by factors such as weathering and impurities
Mineral color
Clastic
Sedimentation
Mechanical/physical weathering
26. Faulting and folding
Snowmelt
Erosion
Styles of rock deformation
Uniformitarianism
27. A ______________ - such as the Mid - Atlantic Ridge - has examples of volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates pulling apart
Mid - oceanic ridge
Rock salt
The distinction between asteroids and comets
cooling
28. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th
El Nino
Smaller regions of the oceans
Ice Age
Tectonic plates
29. After the moon has waxed through crescent - quarter - and gibbous phases - a ________ appears - At that time - the moon rises at sunset - and we see all of its illuminated side - Then the phase wanes gradually to another new moon
Chaotic system
Full moon
Surface temperature differences
Precipitation
30. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an
- mT
Sedimentary rocks
River
Convergent tectonic plates
31. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans
Standard time zones
Chemical sedimentary rocks
- mP
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
32. 1 hour of time
Valley breeze
Hydrologic cycle
15
Spring tide
33. Darkens the moon as the earth passes between it and the sun - casting a shadow on the moon - may be seen from anywhere the moon is visible - about half of the earth
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
Lunar eclipse
New moon
Spring tide
34. 4 terrestrials: Mercury - Venus - Mars - Earth 4 gas giants: Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune At least 5 dwarf planets: Ceres - Pluto - Makemake - Haumea - Eris
Standard time zones
Cumulonibus clouds
Solar System
Stratus clouds
35. Divided into two main types: large - low- density gas giants and smaller - rocky terrestrials - There are at least 341 identified _______ - 8 of which are in the Solar System
Planets
Diurnal
Rain shadow
Metamorphic rocks
36. Pulls the planets toward the sun - while their inertia keeps them moving forward in an elliptical orbit around the sun
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37. Maritime tropical (wet - warm air)
- mT
Equinoxes
Pacific Ring of Fire
Mantle plumes
38. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms
Solar wind
Galactic center
Weather phenomena on earth
Major oceans
39. Featherlike clouds that indicate fair weather
Latitude
Tides
Cirrus clouds
Differential heating
40. A natural flow of water - usually freshwater - traveling toward an ocean - a lake - or another stream
Estuary
Continental drift
The distinction between asteroids and comets
River
41. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun
Parallax
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Styles of rock deformation
Seasons
42. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Runoff
The rock cycle
Short - period comets
43. Take up about 1/3 of the earth's land surface - many are formed by rain shadows - Usually have a large diurnal (day) and seasonal temperature range - with high daytime temperatures
Earth
Fossils
Deserts
Mountain
44. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration
Axis tilt
precipitation
The Gulf - Stream
Transpiration
45. An individual weighing 200 lbs on Earth would weigh more on a _______________ - Weight is a function of gravity
Troposhere
larger planet
Mantle plumes
Solar wind
46. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the
Seasons
Sedimentary rocks
Law of superposition
5.6
47. Traces of ancient life preserved in the strata as shells - footprints - and the like - Soft plant and animal tissues decompose quickly in the presence of decay bacteria - which exist wherever oxygen exists
- mT
Fossils
29.5
Weight and mass
48. The movement of rainwater as it filters through soil and rocks into the ground - becoming groundwater
Solar System
Earth
Percolation
lower
49. 186000 miles/second
Speed of light
Evapotranspiration
Hydrologic cycle
Law of original horizontality
50. Seasons are marked by changes in the amount of sunlight - which in turn often cause cycles of dormancy in plants and hibernation in animals - These effects vary with latitude and with proximity to bodies of water
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
The earth's structure
Small islands
Climate
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