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CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Divided into two main types: large - low- density gas giants and smaller - rocky terrestrials - There are at least 341 identified _______ - 8 of which are in the Solar System






2. Paleontology: Fossil evidence indicates the similarity of fossils on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean - Continental 'jigsaw puzzle': The outlines of the continents seem to fit together






3. Seas - gulfs - bays - and other names






4. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal






5. A major determiner of coastal climate






6. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics






7. Continental polar (dry - cold air)






8. The movement (carrying away or displacement) of solids (sediment - soil - rock - and other particles) - usually by the agents of currents such as wind - water - or ice by downward or down - slope movement in response to gravity






9. - The materials left over after the rock breaks down combine with organic material - The mineral content is determined by the parent material; thus - a soil derived from a single rock type can often be deficient in one or more minerals for good ferti






10. Characterized by similar temperatures and moisture levels






11. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England






12. Darkens the moon as the earth passes between it and the sun - casting a shadow on the moon - may be seen from anywhere the moon is visible - about half of the earth






13. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p






14. Erosion in many places is increased by human land use - Poor land - use practices include deforestation - overgrazing - unmanaged construction activity - and road building






15. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert






16. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler

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17. Further caused by the elliptical orbit of the earth - Earth reaches perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the sun) in January - and it reaches aphelion (farthest point from the sun) in July - Also depend on factors such as proximity to oceans






18. Formed from calcium carbonate - also an example of chemical sedimentary rocks - like roock salt - can contain organic or once - living matter and can record the history of that matter's formation in features such as strata - fossil evidence - and rip






19. The outermost part of the earth's interior is made up of two layers...






20. A ______________ - such as the Mid - Atlantic Ridge - has examples of volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates pulling apart






21. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)






22. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures






23. Can influence climate by sending tremendous volumes of dust - ash - and smoke into the atmosphere






24. Occur when two plates push together - Such faults are strong and relatively deep - Where the strongest earthquakes occur Example: mountain building in the Himalayas and the Andes






25. Test the item against materials of known hardness; for example - use your fingernail or the graphite in a pencil to attempt to scratch the items. This process should result in assigning a relative hardness to the unknown items.






26. Continental tropical (dry - warm air)






27. A natural flow of water - usually freshwater - traveling toward an ocean - a lake - or another stream






28. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)






29. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years






30. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic






31. Stars with the highest ___________ appear blue - while stars with the lowest surface temperature appear red






32. Younger beds were originally deposited above older beds






33. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift






34. Smooth layers of low clouds that indicate a chance of drizzle or snow






35. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth






36. Tides may be...






37. A huge ball of incandescent gases - Its mass is more than 300000 times that of the earth - Principal constituents are the lightest elements - hydrogen and helium






38. Bbreaking along flat surfaces






39. (or summer time zones) include an offset (typically +1 hour) for daylight saving time






40. The motive force behind land breezes and sea/lake breezes - also known as on - or off - shore winds - Land absorbs and radiates heat faster than water - but water releases heat over a longer period of time






41. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________






42. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an






43. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th






44. Not all runoff flows into rivers; much of it infiltrates into the ground through...






45. Occur when two plates pull away from each other - Such faults are generally weak and shallow Example: the Mid - Atlantic Range in the Atlantic Ocean






46. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...






47. Different visual appearance; when discovered - comets show a perceptible coma while asteroids do not






48. Takes approx. seven and a half earth months to revolve around the sun - Takes approx. eight earth months to rotate on its axis - a day on ________ is longer than a year






49. Comprises one global - interconnected body of salt water often (though generally recognized as several separate oceans) - A continuous body of water with relatively free interchange among its parts






50. Some infiltration stays close to the land surface and can seep back into surface - water bodies (and the ocean) as...







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