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CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A huge ball of incandescent gases - Its mass is more than 300000 times that of the earth - Principal constituents are the lightest elements - hydrogen and helium






2. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...

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3. Forms south of the Arctic and is cold






4. There are approx. _____ days between each lunar cycle






5. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals (also known as biological weathering)






6. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler

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7. Large - scale movements of the earth's lithosphere - - The theory encompasses the older concepts of continental drift (first half of 20th century) and seafloor spreading (1960s)






8. The resulting dust layer would act as a shield - blocking out much of the sun's rays - This would result in lower global temperatures and a general _____ of the earth






9. Typically the tidal mouths of rivers and are often characterized by _____________ or silt carried in from terrestrial runoff - frequently from offshore






10. 1 hour of time






11. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years






12. The transformation of water from liquid to gas phases as it moves from the ground or bodies of water into the overlying atmosphere






13. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures






14. The process of chemical or physical breakdown of earth rocks - soils - and their minerals






15. Zero degrees latitude - generally has a tropical climate (warm and wet); at the extreme northern and southern latitudes (polar regions) - the climate is very cold and dry






16. Sometimes called minor planets or planetoids - Bodies






17. Test the item against materials of known hardness; for example - use your fingernail or the graphite in a pencil to attempt to scratch the items. This process should result in assigning a relative hardness to the unknown items.






18. Cirrus - Stratus - Cumulonimbus - Altostratus






19. Sun heats water in the oceans - Water evaporates as vapor into the air - Ice and snow can sublimate directly into water vapor...- Over time - the water reenters the ocean - where the water cycle started






20. The strong temperature contrast between polar and tropical air gives rise to the ________






21. Runoff and groundwater are stored as ________ in lakes






22. Faulting and folding






23. (or summer time zones) include an offset (typically +1 hour) for daylight saving time






24. Formed by sodium chloride






25. Occur along plate boundaries






26. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years






27. Take up about 1/3 of the earth's land surface - many are formed by rain shadows - Usually have a large diurnal (day) and seasonal temperature range - with high daytime temperatures






28. The source of energy for evaporation is primarily through ___________






29. Largest zone of the planet (68%); crystalline silicates - rich in magnesium - calcium - and iron; very hot and mainly solid - but local melting to magma is the source of volcanic eruptions






30. Earth movements - The result of forces within the earth - where temperature and pressure differences lead to instability






31. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away






32. Forms over land and is associated with dry air






33. A ______________ - such as the Mid - Atlantic Ridge - has examples of volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates pulling apart






34. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the






35. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics






36. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)






37. Most sediments were deposited in beds that were originally horizontal - and any tilting is due to later earth movements






38. The best determiner of climate - as it is consistently and directly correlated with temperature - other factors: Rain shadows - as well as water currents - elevation and so forth






39. Takes approx. seven and a half earth months to revolve around the sun - Takes approx. eight earth months to rotate on its axis - a day on ________ is longer than a year






40. Rising air currents take the vapor up into the atmopshere where cooler temperatures cause it to condense into ____






41. Younger beds were originally deposited above older beds






42. Ancient astronomers found that eclipses occurred periodically and learned to predict them accurately - Lunar and solar






43. The atmosphere is a __________ - and so small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole - This makes it difficult to accurately predict weather more than a few days in advance






44. Some groundwater finds openings in the land surface and emerges as...






45. Scientists theorize that massive volcanic eruptions on a global scale contributed to the earth's cooling - resulting in the onset of the...






46. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p






47. The evaporation of these oceans is how we get most of our __________ - and their temperature determines our climate and wind patterns






48. Volcanoes are also found in __________ - where the denser oceanic plates are forced under continental plates; this adds massive volumes of water to the mantle - allowing magma to melt more readily and rise to the surface to form volcanoes






49. Pulls the planets toward the sun - while their inertia keeps them moving forward in an elliptical orbit around the sun

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50. Occurs at the instant when the sun's position in the sky is at its greatest angular distance on the other side of the equatorial plane from the observer's hemisphere - Depending on the shift of the calendar - the winter solstice occurs some time betw







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