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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics
Evaporation
Major oceans
Why weather occurs
Andromeda galaxy
2. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years
10000
lower
Limestone
5.6
3. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________
Galactic center
The Gulf - Stream
Evapotranspiration
Comet
4. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy
Deserts
46%
Nuclear fusion
Air mass
5. Pulls the planets toward the sun - while their inertia keeps them moving forward in an elliptical orbit around the sun
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6. Continental polar (dry - cold air)
Winter solstice
- cP
Snow packs
New moon
7. Classified as warm - water or cold - water currents
Petroleum exploration
Fossils
Valley breeze
Surface ocean currents
8. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p
Venus
Galaxies
Volcano
River
9. Divided into two main types: large - low- density gas giants and smaller - rocky terrestrials - There are at least 341 identified _______ - 8 of which are in the Solar System
Petroleum exploration
Lithosphere
Planets
River
10. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals (also known as biological weathering)
Precipitation
Chemical weathering
lower
Winter solstice
11. On maps - the characteristics of an air mass are represented by two letters: The lowercase letter represents ________ - and the uppercase letter represents temperature
The big bang theory of cosmology
moisture
The geological time scale
Tectonic plates
12. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms
Surface ocean temperature
Weather phenomena on earth
percolation
- cT
13. Affected by factors such as weathering and impurities
Mineral color
Pacific Ring of Fire
lower elevation
Snow packs
14. Ancient astronomers found that eclipses occurred periodically and learned to predict them accurately - Lunar and solar
Mountain
Convergent plate movements
Eclipses
Opposite seasons
15. Runoff and groundwater are stored as ________ in lakes
freshwater
groundwater discharge
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Condensation
16. Spiral - elliptical - and irregular form are speckled throughout the visible universe - Largest telescope has detected galaxies to its limit of several billion light - years
Types of galaxies
Estuary
Winter solstice
World/global ocean
17. Due to a combination of differential heating and geometry - hen the sun rises - it is the tops of the mountain peaks which receive first light - and as the day progresses - the mountain slopes take on a greater heat load than the valleys - This resul
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Rock salt
Opposite seasons
Tectonic plates
18. The source of energy for evaporation is primarily through ___________
Opposite seasons
lower elevation
Solar radiation
Inertia
19. The difference between levels of ocean water at high and low tides
Cumulonibus clouds
Runoff
Tidal range
The equator
20. Occur when two plates pull away from each other - Such faults are generally weak and shallow Example: the Mid - Atlantic Range in the Atlantic Ocean
Continental drift
Divergent plate movements
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Comet
21. Water transpired from plants and evaporated from the soil
Evapotranspiration
freshwater
cooling
The geological time scale
22. A major determiner of coastal climate
Stars
Surface ocean temperature
Inertia
Small islands
23. The degrees north or south of the equator
Sublimation
Latitude
Mantle
Surface ocean temperature
24. The lateral movement of the plates is typically at speeds of ___ mm annually
Nuclear fusion
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Altostratus clouds
50-100
25. The rising of the earth's ocean surface caused by the tidal forces of the moon and the sun acting on the oceans
Tides
Weather phenomena on earth
Mantle plumes
Strata
26. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths
Intrusive
percolation
Stars
Examples to support Continental drift theory
27. Forms over the Tropics and is warm
Tropical air
Sun's gravity
Density
Parallax
28. Different visual appearance; when discovered - comets show a perceptible coma while asteroids do not
Deserts
Pacific Ring of Fire
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Rock salt
29. Huge systems of stars - Milky Way is estimated to have 100 billion stars arranged in a great disk
Density
Fossils
Cumulonibus clouds
Galaxies
30. Comprised of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle - broken up into tectonic plates (7 major and many minor) - ride on the asthenosphere
Lithosphere
The earth's structure
Sedimentation
Sunspots
31. The tendency of a moving object to stay in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place - Without _______ - a planet would be pulled into the sun
Density
Coral reef
Inertia
Transform plate movements
32. - The materials left over after the rock breaks down combine with organic material - The mineral content is determined by the parent material; thus - a soil derived from a single rock type can often be deficient in one or more minerals for good ferti
Soil
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
Metamorphic rocks
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
33. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic
Convergent plate movements
Pacific Ring of Fire
Longitude
Speed of light
34. Gas giants Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus and Neptune have diameters far larger than Earth's and have far greater masses
Moon
Smaller regions of the oceans
Weight and mass
Continental drift
35. Further caused by the elliptical orbit of the earth - Earth reaches perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the sun) in January - and it reaches aphelion (farthest point from the sun) in July - Also depend on factors such as proximity to oceans
Surface temperature
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Mountain
freshwater
36. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...
Opposite seasons
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Sun
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
37. 186000 miles/second
Erosion and land use
Mid - oceanic ridge
Types of clouds
Speed of light
38. The atmosphere is a __________ - and so small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole - This makes it difficult to accurately predict weather more than a few days in advance
Limestone
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Pacific Ring of Fire
Chaotic system
39. Temperature - pressure - and composition
moisture
Tides
- mT
Ways magma can form
40. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert
Nuclear fusion
Rain shadow
Rock salt
Divergent plate movements
41. Refers to the long - term weather patterns of a large geographical area and takes into account temperature - humidity - and precipitation
Rain shadow
groundwater discharge
Climate
Standard time zones
42. Rising air currents take the vapor up into the atmopshere where cooler temperatures cause it to condense into ____
Petroleum exploration
Latitude
Minerals
clouds
43. Largest zone of the planet (68%); crystalline silicates - rich in magnesium - calcium - and iron; very hot and mainly solid - but local melting to magma is the source of volcanic eruptions
Deserts
Climate
Mantle
Crust
44. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun
Parallax
Differential heating
Weather phenomena on earth
Surface temperature
45. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon
Metamorphic rocks
46%
jet stream
Nuclear fusion
46. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog
La Nina
Short - period comets
The earth's structure
Condensation
47. Loose collections of ice - dust - and small rocky particles - measuring a few kilometers or tens of kilometers across
Comet nuclei
lower
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Moon
48. Occur when two plates slip past each other - Such faults are generally moderate and are relatively shallow Example: The San Andreas Fault
Chemical weathering
La Nina
Transform plate movements
Convergent plate movements
49. How much matter is in the object
Density
Evapotranspiration
Transpiration
Minerals
50. Around a new or full moon - when the sun - moon - and the earth form a line - the tidal forces due to the sun reinforce those of the moon - The tide's range is at a maximum and is called a spring tide (spring as in 'to jump/leap -' not the season)
Weight and mass
Hydrologic concepts
Spring tide
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries