Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 4 terrestrials: Mercury - Venus - Mars - Earth 4 gas giants: Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune At least 5 dwarf planets: Ceres - Pluto - Makemake - Haumea - Eris






2. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England






3. Formed from calcium carbonate - also an example of chemical sedimentary rocks - like roock salt - can contain organic or once - living matter and can record the history of that matter's formation in features such as strata - fossil evidence - and rip






4. Gas giants Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus and Neptune have diameters far larger than Earth's and have far greater masses






5. Zero degrees latitude - generally has a tropical climate (warm and wet); at the extreme northern and southern latitudes (polar regions) - the climate is very cold and dry






6. Occurs at the instant when the sun's position in the sky is at its greatest angular distance on the other side of the equatorial plane from the observer's hemisphere - Depending on the shift of the calendar - the winter solstice occurs some time betw






7. Most sediments were deposited in beds that were originally horizontal - and any tilting is due to later earth movements






8. Due to a combination of differential heating and geometry - hen the sun rises - it is the tops of the mountain peaks which receive first light - and as the day progresses - the mountain slopes take on a greater heat load than the valleys - This resul






9. The lateral movement of the plates is typically at speeds of ___ mm annually






10. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics






11. Continental polar (dry - cold air)






12. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the






13. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000






14. On maps - the characteristics of an air mass are represented by two letters: The lowercase letter represents ________ - and the uppercase letter represents temperature






15. The result of the buildup of once - living things






16. Bbreaking along flat surfaces






17. Giant masses of solid rock that float upon the earth's mantle - These plates move in relation to one another at one of three types of plate boundaries...






18. The movement (carrying away or displacement) of solids (sediment - soil - rock - and other particles) - usually by the agents of currents such as wind - water - or ice by downward or down - slope movement in response to gravity






19. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans






20. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals (also known as biological weathering)






21. Refers to the long - term weather patterns of a large geographical area and takes into account temperature - humidity - and precipitation






22. Maritime tropical (wet - warm air)






23. The Pacific Ring of Fire has examples of volcanoes caused by ___________ coming together






24. Ancient astronomers found that eclipses occurred periodically and learned to predict them accurately - Lunar and solar






25. Center: 3000

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26. Oceans cover __ of the earth's surface






27. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths






28. Natural chemical compounds that are the crystals that make up rocks - Each has a specific composition or narrow range of composition






29. Smooth layers of low clouds that indicate a chance of drizzle or snow






30. After the moon has waxed through crescent - quarter - and gibbous phases - a ________ appears - At that time - the moon rises at sunset - and we see all of its illuminated side - Then the phase wanes gradually to another new moon






31. This scale assigns a fixed number to 10 reference materials. Talc (1) is the softest and diamond (10) is the hardest

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32. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun






33. Occurs when the moon sets at sunset - Then the moon is between the earth and the sun - so we see only the dark half of the moon






34. Maritime polar (wet - cold air)






35. Largest zone of the planet (68%); crystalline silicates - rich in magnesium - calcium - and iron; very hot and mainly solid - but local melting to magma is the source of volcanic eruptions






36. The runoff produced by melting snow






37. Volcanoes can be caused by '____________'; these so - called hotspots - as in Hawaii - can occur far from plate boundaries






38. Water transpired from plants and evaporated from the soil






39. Takes place when the moon passes between the earth and the sun - with the moon blocking the sunlight for about two minutes - A total ___________ may be seen only from a small zone on the earth






40. Texture is important in classifying ______ sedimentary rocks






41. Believed to originate at a much greater distance from the Sun - in a cloud (the Oort cloud) consisting of debris left over from the condensation of solar nebula - Comets are thrown from the outer planets or nearby stars - or as a result of collisions






42. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)






43. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line






44. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted






45. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth






46. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through direct contact with atmospheric conditions such as heat - water - ice - and pressure






47. The major mountains tend to occur in __________ - indicating tectonic plate boundaries and activity






48. The resulting dust layer would act as a shield - blocking out much of the sun's rays - This would result in lower global temperatures and a general _____ of the earth






49. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms






50. The strength of gravity in our solar system depends on both the masses of the celestial objects and the _______ between them