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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Stars with the highest ___________ appear blue - while stars with the lowest surface temperature appear red
Long - period comets
Equinoxes
Surface ocean currents
Surface temperature
2. Bodies similar to the sun but immensely distant - Closest stars are 4 light - years away
Continental air
Sedimentation
The rock cycle
Stars
3. Temperature - pressure - and composition
Winter solstice
Spring tide
Surface temperature differences
Ways magma can form
4. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years
The big bang theory of cosmology
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
Precipitation
10000
5. Large - dark clouds that indicate thunderstorms
Earth
Cumulonibus clouds
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
The distinction between asteroids and comets
6. (or summer time zones) include an offset (typically +1 hour) for daylight saving time
Chemical weathering
Sunspots
Small islands
Daylight saving time zones
7. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics
- mP
Soil
California coast
Why weather occurs
8. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)
Convergent tectonic plates
El Nino
Sublimation
Galactic center
9. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal
Semidiurnal
Limestone
Stratus clouds
New moon
10. The result of the buildup of once - living things
Snowmelt
46%
The rock cycle
Coral reef
11. Travels in an orbit that is slightly elliptical (oval) - and so the distance from the sun ranges from 91.5 to 94.5 million miles - Its daily rotation deforms the earth to a flattened spheroid - with a polar radius slightly less than the equatorial ra
Earth
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Precipitation
Density
12. Zero degrees latitude - generally has a tropical climate (warm and wet); at the extreme northern and southern latitudes (polar regions) - the climate is very cold and dry
Continental air
The equator
Sedimentary rocks
Petroleum exploration
13. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years
Erosion
Clastic
larger planet
Groundwater
14. Largest zone of the planet (68%); crystalline silicates - rich in magnesium - calcium - and iron; very hot and mainly solid - but local melting to magma is the source of volcanic eruptions
15
Mantle
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Chemical weathering
15. Water transpired from plants and evaporated from the soil
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
50-100
Evapotranspiration
The earth's structure
16. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e
10000
Equinoxes
Mountain
Sun
17. Theory that the earth's continents were originally united as a supercontinent - Pangaea - Established by Alfred Wegener in the early 1900s
snow
Erosion
11
Continental drift
18. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog
Weight and mass
Erosion
Cumulonibus clouds
Condensation
19. Runoff and groundwater are stored as ________ in lakes
Types of galaxies
Photosphere
freshwater
Differential heating
20. Some precipitation falls as ____ and can accumulate as ice caps and glaciers - which can store water for thousands of years
Weather phenomena on earth
- mT
Parallax
snow
21. The science of the atmosphere and weather
Mantle
La Nina
Crust
Meteorology
22. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Gravity and inertia
Spring tide
Andromeda galaxy
23. Continental polar (dry - cold air)
Mid - oceanic ridge
- cT
Parallax
- cP
24. Around a new or full moon - when the sun - moon - and the earth form a line - the tidal forces due to the sun reinforce those of the moon - The tide's range is at a maximum and is called a spring tide (spring as in 'to jump/leap -' not the season)
Divergent plate movements
Ways magma can form
Law of original horizontality
Spring tide
25. The source of energy for evaporation is primarily through ___________
Solar radiation
California coast
Surface ocean temperature
Sun's gravity
26. Method of using the present to interpret the past - Processes occurring today are observed carefully and their effects are measured - Then - geologists assume that similar effects in ancient rocks were caused by processes similar to those of the pres
Uniformitarianism
Colder
Andromeda galaxy
Small islands
27. The lateral movement of the plates is typically at speeds of ___ mm annually
Petroleum exploration
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
Colder
50-100
28. Comprised of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle - broken up into tectonic plates (7 major and many minor) - ride on the asthenosphere
Ways magma can form
Cleavage
The geological time scale
Lithosphere
29. Classified as warm - water or cold - water currents
Solar wind
Maritime air
Surface ocean currents
Evapotranspiration
30. Featherlike clouds that indicate fair weather
Time zone
Cirrus clouds
Daylight saving time zones
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
31. Cirrus - Stratus - Cumulonimbus - Altostratus
Types of clouds
Condensation
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Surface temperature differences
32. The difference between levels of ocean water at high and low tides
Tidal range
Scratch test
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
Weather phenomena on earth
33. Two types of mountains are formed - depending on how the rock reacts to the tectonic forces
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
The geological time scale
Stratus clouds
Block mountains or fold mountains
34. Formed by sodium chloride
Limestone
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
Rock salt
Ways magma can form
35. Loose collections of ice - dust - and small rocky particles - measuring a few kilometers or tens of kilometers across
Mid - oceanic ridge
Comet nuclei
Smaller regions of the oceans
La Nina
36. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon
Types of clouds
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
46%
37. The resulting dust layer would act as a shield - blocking out much of the sun's rays - This would result in lower global temperatures and a general _____ of the earth
Evaporation
lower
Meteorology
cooling
38. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p
Volcano
La Nina
Semidiurnal
10000
39. Take up about 1/3 of the earth's land surface - many are formed by rain shadows - Usually have a large diurnal (day) and seasonal temperature range - with high daytime temperatures
Minerals
Why weather occurs
Deserts
50-100
40. 1 hour of time
15
Types of galaxies
New moon
Axis tilt
41. Giant masses of solid rock that float upon the earth's mantle - These plates move in relation to one another at one of three types of plate boundaries...
Nuclear fusion
The rock cycle
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Equinoxes
42. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler
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43. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)
Troposhere
Sedimentary rocks
Types of galaxies
Sublimation
44. This scale assigns a fixed number to 10 reference materials. Talc (1) is the softest and diamond (10) is the hardest
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45. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow
Crustal rocks
Long linear arcs
Altostratus clouds
Time zone
46. The fossiliferous strata record is only the last __% of the earth's history
Lithosphere
moisture
Tectonic plates
11
47. The cold - water current that flows north to south off the _____________ keeps the West Coast fairly cool during the summer - Cold - water currents create cooler temperatures in areas that would otherwise be much warmer
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
California coast
Fossils
Percolation
48. Occurs at the instant when the sun's position in the sky is at its greatest angular distance on the other side of the equatorial plane from the observer's hemisphere - Depending on the shift of the calendar - the winter solstice occurs some time betw
Full moon
Fossils
Rock salt
Winter solstice
49. Younger beds were originally deposited above older beds
Condensation
Chaotic system
Surface ocean currents
Law of superposition
50. Seasons are marked by changes in the amount of sunlight - which in turn often cause cycles of dormancy in plants and hibernation in animals - These effects vary with latitude and with proximity to bodies of water
Colder
Subduction zones
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
freshwater springs