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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England
Tidal range
Transpiration
Cumulonibus clouds
Longitude
2. Bodies similar to the sun but immensely distant - Closest stars are 4 light - years away
Convergent plate movements
Continental air
Stars
Comet nuclei
3. Sun heats water in the oceans - Water evaporates as vapor into the air - Ice and snow can sublimate directly into water vapor...- Over time - the water reenters the ocean - where the water cycle started
Neap tide/neaps
Hydrologic cycle
- mT
Daylight saving time zones
4. When the moon is at first quarter or third quarter - the sun - earth and moon form a 90- degree (right) angle with the earth at the vertex - The combined effect of this alignment of the sun - earth - and moon results in tidal ranges on the earth - Wh
Inertia
Neap tide/neaps
Mid - oceanic ridge
Canopy interception
5. Seasons are marked by changes in the amount of sunlight - which in turn often cause cycles of dormancy in plants and hibernation in animals - These effects vary with latitude and with proximity to bodies of water
Long - period comets
Smaller regions of the oceans
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
Geology
6. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________
- mP
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
Deserts
Galactic center
7. Darkens the moon as the earth passes between it and the sun - casting a shadow on the moon - may be seen from anywhere the moon is visible - about half of the earth
Lunar eclipse
Long linear arcs
The big bang theory of cosmology
Styles of rock deformation
8. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years
River
10000
Winter solstice
Tropical air
9. The rising of the earth's ocean surface caused by the tidal forces of the moon and the sun acting on the oceans
Tides
Mantle plumes
moisture
The geological time scale
10. Typically the tidal mouths of rivers and are often characterized by _____________ or silt carried in from terrestrial runoff - frequently from offshore
Spring tide
Sedimentation
larger planet
Orogenic zones
11. The source of energy for evaporation is primarily through ___________
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Solar radiation
Distance
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
12. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone
lower
Geology
Conglomerates
- cP
13. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
Condensation
Strata
Polar air
14. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate
Soil
Metamorphic rocks
aquifers
46%
15. Earth movements - The result of forces within the earth - where temperature and pressure differences lead to instability
- cP
Galaxies
Crustal rocks
Standard time zones
16. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals (also known as biological weathering)
Lithosphere
Mineral color
Chemical weathering
Moon
17. Huge systems of stars - Milky Way is estimated to have 100 billion stars arranged in a great disk
Galaxies
Evapotranspiration
Stars
Equinoxes
18. Maritime polar (wet - cold air)
Chemical sedimentary rocks
- mP
moisture
Smaller regions of the oceans
19. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert
Surface temperature
Rain shadow
10000
Surface ocean currents
20. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune
Cleavage
Snowmelt
Short - period comets
The distinction between asteroids and comets
21. Cause pressure differences - A hot surface heats the air above it and the air expands - lowering the air pressure and its density
Precipitation
Snow packs
Earth
Surface temperature differences
22. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the same area - Atlanta tropical cyclone activity is generally enhanced during La Nina - Often follows the El Nino - especially when the latter is strong
La Nina
Cirrus clouds
Percolation
Styles of rock deformation
23. One tidal cycle per day
Diurnal
Divergent plate movements
freshwater springs
Colder
24. Loose collections of ice - dust - and small rocky particles - measuring a few kilometers or tens of kilometers across
Long - period comets
Latitude
Distance
Comet nuclei
25. Seas - gulfs - bays - and other names
Weathering
Photosphere
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
Smaller regions of the oceans
26. Forms over land and is associated with dry air
Continental air
jet stream
Orogenic zones
Rain shadow
27. Cirrus - Stratus - Cumulonimbus - Altostratus
Density
Types of clouds
The Gulf - Stream
Ice Age
28. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an
3/4
Sedimentary rocks
Galactic center
Altostratus clouds
29. The farther from the tropics you are positioned - the ________ the angle of the sun - This causes those locations to be cooler due to the indirect sunlight
lower
The big bang theory of cosmology
Block mountains or fold mountains
Parallax
30. A huge ball of incandescent gases - Its mass is more than 300000 times that of the earth - Principal constituents are the lightest elements - hydrogen and helium
- cT
Crustal rocks
Time zone
Sun
31. Precipitation - Canopy interception - Snowmelt - Runoff - Percolation - Subsurface flow- Evaporation - Sublimation - Condensation
The rock cycle
Hydrologic concepts
Parallax
Divergent plate movements
32. Divided into two main types: large - low- density gas giants and smaller - rocky terrestrials - There are at least 341 identified _______ - 8 of which are in the Solar System
Rain shadow
Tides
Uniformitarianism
Planets
33. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods
Hydrologic cycle
lower
Short - period comets
Comet
34. There are approx. _____ days between each lunar cycle
Types of clouds
Erosion and land use
29.5
The earth's structure
35. Faulting and folding
Diurnal
Troposhere
Rainfall
Styles of rock deformation
36. Take up about 1/3 of the earth's land surface - many are formed by rain shadows - Usually have a large diurnal (day) and seasonal temperature range - with high daytime temperatures
Comet
Photosphere
Surface ocean currents
Deserts
37. A semi - closed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it - and with a free connection to the open sea - Often associated with high levels of biological diversity - They are made up of brackish water - Often given names
Hydrologic cycle
Estuary
Types of clouds
Weathering
38. Believed to originate at a much greater distance from the Sun - in a cloud (the Oort cloud) consisting of debris left over from the condensation of solar nebula - Comets are thrown from the outer planets or nearby stars - or as a result of collisions
Solar wind
Colder
cooling
Long - period comets
39. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th
El Nino
Asteroids
Daylight saving time zones
Scratch test
40. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000
Photosphere
Chemical weathering
Nuclear fusion
- cP
41. Scientists theorize that massive volcanic eruptions on a global scale contributed to the earth's cooling - resulting in the onset of the...
Hydrologic concepts
Differential heating
Ice Age
Full moon
42. Method of using the present to interpret the past - Processes occurring today are observed carefully and their effects are measured - Then - geologists assume that similar effects in ancient rocks were caused by processes similar to those of the pres
Time zone
Uniformitarianism
Sublimation
Extrusive
43. Two feldspars (orthoclase and plagioclase) - quartz - olivine - and augite - These five minerals are silicates - built from interlocking silicon and oxygen atoms
Standard time zones
moisture
Cirrus clouds
The most abundant minerals in the crust
44. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms
World/global ocean
Transpiration
Long linear arcs
Weather phenomena on earth
45. - The materials left over after the rock breaks down combine with organic material - The mineral content is determined by the parent material; thus - a soil derived from a single rock type can often be deficient in one or more minerals for good ferti
Valley breeze
Soil
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Petroleum exploration
46. (in descending order of size) the Pacific Ocean - the Atlantic Ocean - the Indian Ocean - the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean
Types of galaxies
Rocky planets and moons
Major oceans
Transpiration
47. Can thaw and melt - and the ensuing water flows overland as snowmelt
Winter solstice
Snow packs
Differential heating
15
48. Takes approx. seven and a half earth months to revolve around the sun - Takes approx. eight earth months to rotate on its axis - a day on ________ is longer than a year
Venus
Inertia
Maritime air
Surface temperature
49. Characterized by similar temperatures and moisture levels
Fossils
Mid - oceanic ridge
Air mass
Equinoxes
50. Formed from calcium carbonate - also an example of chemical sedimentary rocks - like roock salt - can contain organic or once - living matter and can record the history of that matter's formation in features such as strata - fossil evidence - and rip
Gravity and inertia
Limestone
Distance
Evapotranspiration