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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Volcanoes can be caused by '____________'; these so - called hotspots - as in Hawaii - can occur far from plate boundaries
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Erosion and land use
Polar air
Mantle plumes
2. Zero degrees latitude - generally has a tropical climate (warm and wet); at the extreme northern and southern latitudes (polar regions) - the climate is very cold and dry
Crustal rocks
Rain shadow
Conglomerates
The equator
3. The lateral movement of the plates is typically at speeds of ___ mm annually
50-100
Continental drift
Tidal range
freshwater
4. Runoff and groundwater are stored as ________ in lakes
Block mountains or fold mountains
Density
freshwater
Sunspots
5. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the
Small islands
El Nino
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
Seasons
6. Due to a combination of differential heating and geometry - hen the sun rises - it is the tops of the mountain peaks which receive first light - and as the day progresses - the mountain slopes take on a greater heat load than the valleys - This resul
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Inertia
Sun's gravity
Precipitation
7. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune
Short - period comets
Weathering
Petroleum exploration
Types of clouds
8. The process in which one type of rock changes into another
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
The rock cycle
Law of original horizontality
Cumulonibus clouds
9. The difference between levels of ocean water at high and low tides
Tidal range
Why weather occurs
Altostratus clouds
Law of superposition
10. Huge systems of stars - Milky Way is estimated to have 100 billion stars arranged in a great disk
Galaxies
Mantle
Convergent tectonic plates
- mT
11. Comprises one global - interconnected body of salt water often (though generally recognized as several separate oceans) - A continuous body of water with relatively free interchange among its parts
Asteroids
World/global ocean
Types of galaxies
- cT
12. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Hydrologic concepts
Sun
snow
13. Earth movements - The result of forces within the earth - where temperature and pressure differences lead to instability
Crustal rocks
Weather phenomena on earth
Percolation
- cT
14. An individual weighing 200 lbs on Earth would weigh more on a _______________ - Weight is a function of gravity
Cumulonibus clouds
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
Sun's gravity
larger planet
15. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift
- mP
Galactic center
Orogenic zones
Rocky planets and moons
16. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England
snow
Longitude
Types of galaxies
Smaller regions of the oceans
17. Forms south of the Arctic and is cold
Polar air
moisture
groundwater discharge
Climate
18. Theory that the earth's continents were originally united as a supercontinent - Pangaea - Established by Alfred Wegener in the early 1900s
Planets
Crust
Continental drift
Neap tide/neaps
19. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic
Tectonic plates
Pacific Ring of Fire
Erosion
Orogenic zones
20. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes
Crust
Longitude
Evapotranspiration
Convergent tectonic plates
21. Occur when two plates slip past each other - Such faults are generally moderate and are relatively shallow Example: The San Andreas Fault
California coast
Metamorphic rocks
Erosion
Transform plate movements
22. Not all runoff flows into rivers; much of it infiltrates into the ground through...
Crust
Block mountains or fold mountains
Scratch test
percolation
23. Texture is important in classifying ______ sedimentary rocks
Clastic
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Long linear arcs
Styles of rock deformation
24. Traces of ancient life preserved in the strata as shells - footprints - and the like - Soft plant and animal tissues decompose quickly in the presence of decay bacteria - which exist wherever oxygen exists
Semidiurnal
Mantle
Fossils
Orogenic zones
25. Form when magma or lava cools and solidifies - Depending on the rate of cooling - can contain visible crystals - while others can appear glassy
Igneous rocks
aquifers
Venus
The earth's structure
26. Temperature - pressure - and composition
Cleavage
Sedimentation
Soil
Ways magma can form
27. How much matter is in the object
Daylight saving time zones
Density
Troposhere
freshwater
28. Two feldspars (orthoclase and plagioclase) - quartz - olivine - and augite - These five minerals are silicates - built from interlocking silicon and oxygen atoms
Ice Age
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Ways magma can form
Differential heating
29. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods
Limestone
Weather phenomena on earth
Comet
Spring tide
30. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Meteorology
Galactic center
freshwater springs
31. Sun heats water in the oceans - Water evaporates as vapor into the air - Ice and snow can sublimate directly into water vapor...- Over time - the water reenters the ocean - where the water cycle started
Precipitation
Hydrologic cycle
Comet nuclei
Chaotic system
32. Occur when two plates push together - Such faults are strong and relatively deep - Where the strongest earthquakes occur Example: mountain building in the Himalayas and the Andes
Convergent plate movements
New moon
Divergent plate movements
Sublimation
33. A continuous drill would find gas - oil - and water in that order - The three substances occur in their order of density - with the lightest substance on top and the heaviest on the bottom
The rock cycle
Comet nuclei
Petroleum exploration
Mineral color
34. Formed from calcium carbonate - also an example of chemical sedimentary rocks - like roock salt - can contain organic or once - living matter and can record the history of that matter's formation in features such as strata - fossil evidence - and rip
Gravity and inertia
Limestone
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Block mountains or fold mountains
35. Precipitation - Canopy interception - Snowmelt - Runoff - Percolation - Subsurface flow- Evaporation - Sublimation - Condensation
Surface temperature
Hydrologic concepts
Cumulonibus clouds
Mid - oceanic ridge
36. Forms over water and is associated with wet air
Groundwater
Ways magma can form
Maritime air
Erosion and land use
37. Faulting and folding
Styles of rock deformation
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Subsurface flow
- mP
38. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics
Why weather occurs
Sublimation
Semidiurnal
Deserts
39. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p
Speed of light
Volcano
29.5
Pacific Ring of Fire
40. On maps - the characteristics of an air mass are represented by two letters: The lowercase letter represents ________ - and the uppercase letter represents temperature
Longitude
moisture
29.5
Weathering
41. A ______________ - such as the Mid - Atlantic Ridge - has examples of volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates pulling apart
Surface ocean currents
lower
Latitude
Mid - oceanic ridge
42. Erosion in many places is increased by human land use - Poor land - use practices include deforestation - overgrazing - unmanaged construction activity - and road building
Scratch test
Erosion and land use
Photosphere
Snowmelt
43. Two types of mountains are formed - depending on how the rock reacts to the tectonic forces
Sun's gravity
Styles of rock deformation
World/global ocean
Block mountains or fold mountains
44. The outermost part of the earth's interior is made up of two layers...
Canopy interception
Limestone
Surface ocean currents
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
45. There are approx. _____ days between each lunar cycle
Petroleum exploration
29.5
Solar System
New moon
46. The motive force behind land breezes and sea/lake breezes - also known as on - or off - shore winds - Land absorbs and radiates heat faster than water - but water releases heat over a longer period of time
Asteroids
Photosphere
Differential heating
Pacific Ring of Fire
47. The farther from the tropics you are positioned - the ________ the angle of the sun - This causes those locations to be cooler due to the indirect sunlight
Latitude
lower
Valley breeze
Plate tectonics
48. Occurs when the moon sets at sunset - Then the moon is between the earth and the sun - so we see only the dark half of the moon
Neap tide/neaps
New moon
Metamorphic rocks
Fossils
49. Divided into two main types: large - low- density gas giants and smaller - rocky terrestrials - There are at least 341 identified _______ - 8 of which are in the Solar System
New moon
Evaporation
Subsurface flow
Planets
50. Seas - gulfs - bays - and other names
Smaller regions of the oceans
Colder
- cT
Mantle plumes