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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5
Altostratus clouds
Density
cooling
El Nino and La Nina
2. Formed by sodium chloride
The equator
Standard time zones
Rock salt
freshwater
3. A semi - closed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it - and with a free connection to the open sea - Often associated with high levels of biological diversity - They are made up of brackish water - Often given names
Sedimentation
Subduction zones
Estuary
Sublimation
4. The Pacific Ring of Fire has examples of volcanoes caused by ___________ coming together
Coral reef
aquifers
Convergent tectonic plates
Surface temperature
5. Comprises one global - interconnected body of salt water often (though generally recognized as several separate oceans) - A continuous body of water with relatively free interchange among its parts
Estuary
precipitation
World/global ocean
Galactic center
6. Texture is important in classifying ______ sedimentary rocks
The earth's structure
Winter solstice
Clastic
15
7. This scale assigns a fixed number to 10 reference materials. Talc (1) is the softest and diamond (10) is the hardest
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8. Cirrus - Stratus - Cumulonimbus - Altostratus
Rain shadow
Types of clouds
Mechanical/physical weathering
- cP
9. Occur when two plates push together - Such faults are strong and relatively deep - Where the strongest earthquakes occur Example: mountain building in the Himalayas and the Andes
Sun's gravity
The earth's structure
Convergent plate movements
Asteroids
10. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths
Equinoxes
Maritime air
Intrusive
Sun's gravity
11. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal
Moon
Mid - oceanic ridge
Axis tilt
Semidiurnal
12. Affected by factors such as weathering and impurities
Mineral color
Orogenic zones
Surface temperature differences
Canopy interception
13. Giant masses of solid rock that float upon the earth's mantle - These plates move in relation to one another at one of three types of plate boundaries...
29.5
Photosphere
Volcano
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
14. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the same area - Atlanta tropical cyclone activity is generally enhanced during La Nina - Often follows the El Nino - especially when the latter is strong
Standard time zones
Sedimentation
La Nina
Nuclear fusion
15. Divided into two main types: large - low- density gas giants and smaller - rocky terrestrials - There are at least 341 identified _______ - 8 of which are in the Solar System
Planets
Long linear arcs
Convergent tectonic plates
larger planet
16. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed
Igneous rocks
The geological time scale
Subsurface flow
Solar wind
17. The spectra of distant objects display a red shift - which is interpreted as meaning that they are rapidly receding from us - This apparent expansion of the universe has given rise to the big bang theory of cosmology - in which one primeval mass expl
Crust
The big bang theory of cosmology
River
Moon
18. Spiral - elliptical - and irregular form are speckled throughout the visible universe - Largest telescope has detected galaxies to its limit of several billion light - years
Rainfall
Time zone
Opposite seasons
Types of galaxies
19. 1 hour of time
15
Law of original horizontality
Eclipses
Nuclear fusion
20. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune
Mid - oceanic ridge
Meteorology
Short - period comets
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
21. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away
Weather phenomena on earth
Andromeda galaxy
Planets
Mohs' scale of hardness
22. Forms over water and is associated with wet air
Fossils
Maritime air
Cirrus clouds
Parallax
23. Seasons are marked by changes in the amount of sunlight - which in turn often cause cycles of dormancy in plants and hibernation in animals - These effects vary with latitude and with proximity to bodies of water
clouds
Geology
Deserts
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
24. The movement (carrying away or displacement) of solids (sediment - soil - rock - and other particles) - usually by the agents of currents such as wind - water - or ice by downward or down - slope movement in response to gravity
Uniformitarianism
Erosion
Galactic center
Photosphere
25. Huge systems of stars - Milky Way is estimated to have 100 billion stars arranged in a great disk
Hydrologic concepts
Polar air
Ways magma can form
Galaxies
26. The precipitation that is intercepted by plant foliage and eventually evaporates back to the atmosphere rather than falling to the ground
Groundwater
Canopy interception
3/4
Condensation
27. Gas giants Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus and Neptune have diameters far larger than Earth's and have far greater masses
Spring tide
Surface temperature differences
Weight and mass
Subsurface flow
28. Paleontology: Fossil evidence indicates the similarity of fossils on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean - Continental 'jigsaw puzzle': The outlines of the continents seem to fit together
Cumulonibus clouds
Pacific Ring of Fire
Examples to support Continental drift theory
El Nino and La Nina
29. A land form that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area - with a peak - Usually produced by the movement of lithospheric plates
Surface ocean temperature
Earth
Tropical air
Mountain
30. Comprised of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle - broken up into tectonic plates (7 major and many minor) - ride on the asthenosphere
Lithosphere
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Speed of light
Continental drift
31. When the moon is at first quarter or third quarter - the sun - earth and moon form a 90- degree (right) angle with the earth at the vertex - The combined effect of this alignment of the sun - earth - and moon results in tidal ranges on the earth - Wh
Runoff
Transform plate movements
Surface temperature
Neap tide/neaps
32. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals (also known as biological weathering)
Chemical weathering
Smaller regions of the oceans
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
Hydrologic cycle
33. Air currents move clouds around the globe and cloud particles collide - grow - and fall out of the sky as ________ - Most of it falls back into the oceans or onto land - where the precipitation flows over the ground as surface runoff - portion of run
Speed of light
precipitation
Colder
Orogenic zones
34. A region of the earth that has uniform standard time - usually referred to as the local time - divided into standard and daylight saving (or summer)
Continental drift
Strata
Time zone
Chemical sedimentary rocks
35. Maritime tropical (wet - warm air)
Photosphere
Venus
- mT
15
36. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...
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37. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate
Canopy interception
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Latitude
Metamorphic rocks
38. The science that describes and interprets the earth Fields: - Geomorphology (land forms) - Petrology (rocks) - Stratigraphy (layered rocks) - Paleontology (fossils)
Longitude
Maritime air
Geology
Andromeda galaxy
39. Typically the tidal mouths of rivers and are often characterized by _____________ or silt carried in from terrestrial runoff - frequently from offshore
Comet nuclei
The earth's structure
Sedimentation
Divergent plate movements
40. Method of using the present to interpret the past - Processes occurring today are observed carefully and their effects are measured - Then - geologists assume that similar effects in ancient rocks were caused by processes similar to those of the pres
Distance
Continental drift
Hydrologic cycle
Uniformitarianism
41. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000
Andromeda galaxy
clouds
Photosphere
Chemical weathering
42. The process of chemical or physical breakdown of earth rocks - soils - and their minerals
Seasons
Weathering
Igneous rocks
Mantle plumes
43. Cause pressure differences - A hot surface heats the air above it and the air expands - lowering the air pressure and its density
Sun's gravity
Surface temperature differences
Plate tectonics
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
44. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th
Sedimentary rocks
Runoff
El Nino
Crustal rocks
45. Two types of mountains are formed - depending on how the rock reacts to the tectonic forces
Styles of rock deformation
Sun
Block mountains or fold mountains
- cP
46. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Ice Age
Types of galaxies
Surface ocean currents
47. Some precipitation falls as ____ and can accumulate as ice caps and glaciers - which can store water for thousands of years
Galactic center
snow
Types of galaxies
jet stream
48. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert
Mid - oceanic ridge
Stratus clouds
Rain shadow
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
49. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog
Limestone
Condensation
Smaller regions of the oceans
El Nino and La Nina
50. The source of energy for evaporation is primarily through ___________
Estuary
The earth's structure
Block mountains or fold mountains
Solar radiation