Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Huge systems of stars - Milky Way is estimated to have 100 billion stars arranged in a great disk






2. Occur when two plates push together - Such faults are strong and relatively deep - Where the strongest earthquakes occur Example: mountain building in the Himalayas and the Andes






3. Can influence climate by sending tremendous volumes of dust - ash - and smoke into the atmosphere






4. Can thaw and melt - and the ensuing water flows overland as snowmelt






5. Condensed water vapor that falls to the earth's surface - Most precipitation occurs as rain - but also includes snow - hail - fog drip - graupel - and sleet






6. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift






7. Some isolated mountains were produced by volcanoes - including many apparently ________ that reach a great height above the ocean floor






8. Comprised of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle - broken up into tectonic plates (7 major and many minor) - ride on the asthenosphere






9. 1 hour of time






10. A land form that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area - with a peak - Usually produced by the movement of lithospheric plates






11. One tidal cycle per day






12. The best determiner of climate - as it is consistently and directly correlated with temperature - other factors: Rain shadows - as well as water currents - elevation and so forth






13. Younger beds were originally deposited above older beds






14. Earth movements - The result of forces within the earth - where temperature and pressure differences lead to instability






15. The tendency of a moving object to stay in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place - Without _______ - a planet would be pulled into the sun






16. Maritime polar (wet - cold air)






17. Some precipitation falls as ____ and can accumulate as ice caps and glaciers - which can store water for thousands of years






18. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics






19. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)






20. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...

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21. Divided into two main types: large - low- density gas giants and smaller - rocky terrestrials - There are at least 341 identified _______ - 8 of which are in the Solar System






22. The process of chemical or physical breakdown of earth rocks - soils - and their minerals






23. Forms over land and is associated with dry air






24. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________






25. A region of the earth that has uniform standard time - usually referred to as the local time - divided into standard and daylight saving (or summer)






26. Continental polar (dry - cold air)






27. Typically the tidal mouths of rivers and are often characterized by _____________ or silt carried in from terrestrial runoff - frequently from offshore






28. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line






29. (in descending order of size) the Pacific Ocean - the Atlantic Ocean - the Indian Ocean - the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean






30. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e






31. This scale assigns a fixed number to 10 reference materials. Talc (1) is the softest and diamond (10) is the hardest

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32. Affected by factors such as weathering and impurities






33. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the same area - Atlanta tropical cyclone activity is generally enhanced during La Nina - Often follows the El Nino - especially when the latter is strong






34. The process in which one type of rock changes into another






35. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods






36. A natural flow of water - usually freshwater - traveling toward an ocean - a lake - or another stream






37. Sometimes called minor planets or planetoids - Bodies






38. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun






39. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth






40. 186000 miles/second






41. Sun heats water in the oceans - Water evaporates as vapor into the air - Ice and snow can sublimate directly into water vapor...- Over time - the water reenters the ocean - where the water cycle started






42. Center: 3000

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43. Travels in an orbit that is slightly elliptical (oval) - and so the distance from the sun ranges from 91.5 to 94.5 million miles - Its daily rotation deforms the earth to a flattened spheroid - with a polar radius slightly less than the equatorial ra






44. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures






45. Not all runoff flows into rivers; much of it infiltrates into the ground through...






46. This upslope wind is called a...






47. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon






48. Featherlike clouds that indicate fair weather






49. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic






50. The flow of water underground - in the vadose zone and aquifers - Subsurface water may return to the surface (as a spring or by being pumped) or eventually seep into the oceans