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CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A region of the earth that has uniform standard time - usually referred to as the local time - divided into standard and daylight saving (or summer)






2. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________






3. The transformation of water from liquid to gas phases as it moves from the ground or bodies of water into the overlying atmosphere






4. Affected by factors such as weathering and impurities






5. Texture is important in classifying ______ sedimentary rocks






6. Formed from calcium carbonate - also an example of chemical sedimentary rocks - like roock salt - can contain organic or once - living matter and can record the history of that matter's formation in features such as strata - fossil evidence - and rip






7. The atmosphere is a __________ - and so small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole - This makes it difficult to accurately predict weather more than a few days in advance






8. The spectra of distant objects display a red shift - which is interpreted as meaning that they are rapidly receding from us - This apparent expansion of the universe has given rise to the big bang theory of cosmology - in which one primeval mass expl






9. The earth is believed to be about ___ billion years old






10. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted






11. Classified as warm - water or cold - water currents






12. Spiral - elliptical - and irregular form are speckled throughout the visible universe - Largest telescope has detected galaxies to its limit of several billion light - years






13. Somewhat cooler disturbances in the photosphere






14. Takes approx. seven and a half earth months to revolve around the sun - Takes approx. eight earth months to rotate on its axis - a day on ________ is longer than a year






15. Maritime polar (wet - cold air)






16. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)






17. The process in which one type of rock changes into another






18. A ______________ - such as the Mid - Atlantic Ridge - has examples of volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates pulling apart






19. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal






20. Scientists theorize that massive volcanic eruptions on a global scale contributed to the earth's cooling - resulting in the onset of the...






21. The rising of the earth's ocean surface caused by the tidal forces of the moon and the sun acting on the oceans






22. Some water infiltrates deep into the ground and replenishes ________ - which store huge amounts of freshwater for long periods of time






23. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an






24. Rising air currents take the vapor up into the atmopshere where cooler temperatures cause it to condense into ____






25. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)






26. Theory that the earth's continents were originally united as a supercontinent - Pangaea - Established by Alfred Wegener in the early 1900s






27. The layers of sediment deposited in a quiet environment - Common sites of deposition are lakes - deltas at the mouths of rivers - beaches and sandbars along the coast - and (most important) the marine environment






28. Test the item against materials of known hardness; for example - use your fingernail or the graphite in a pencil to attempt to scratch the items. This process should result in assigning a relative hardness to the unknown items.






29. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes






30. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods






31. The evaporation of these oceans is how we get most of our __________ - and their temperature determines our climate and wind patterns






32. The lateral movement of the plates is typically at speeds of ___ mm annually






33. The flow of water underground - in the vadose zone and aquifers - Subsurface water may return to the surface (as a spring or by being pumped) or eventually seep into the oceans






34. The strong temperature contrast between polar and tropical air gives rise to the ________






35. Paleontology: Fossil evidence indicates the similarity of fossils on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean - Continental 'jigsaw puzzle': The outlines of the continents seem to fit together






36. An individual weighing 200 lbs on Earth would weigh more on a _______________ - Weight is a function of gravity






37. This upslope wind is called a...






38. Occur along plate boundaries






39. Not all runoff flows into rivers; much of it infiltrates into the ground through...






40. A warm - water current that carries warm water from the Tropics to the Arctic regions of the North Atlantic Ocean - This accounts for higher temperatures and higher humidity on the Eastern Seaboard during the summer






41. Further caused by the elliptical orbit of the earth - Earth reaches perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the sun) in January - and it reaches aphelion (farthest point from the sun) in July - Also depend on factors such as proximity to oceans






42. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...






43. This scale assigns a fixed number to 10 reference materials. Talc (1) is the softest and diamond (10) is the hardest

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44. Pulls the planets toward the sun - while their inertia keeps them moving forward in an elliptical orbit around the sun

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45. When the moon is at first quarter or third quarter - the sun - earth and moon form a 90- degree (right) angle with the earth at the vertex - The combined effect of this alignment of the sun - earth - and moon results in tidal ranges on the earth - Wh






46. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the same area - Atlanta tropical cyclone activity is generally enhanced during La Nina - Often follows the El Nino - especially when the latter is strong






47. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift






48. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate






49. Darkens the moon as the earth passes between it and the sun - casting a shadow on the moon - may be seen from anywhere the moon is visible - about half of the earth






50. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the







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