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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Huge systems of stars - Milky Way is estimated to have 100 billion stars arranged in a great disk
Rock salt
Sedimentary rocks
Galaxies
Altostratus clouds
2. Occur when two plates push together - Such faults are strong and relatively deep - Where the strongest earthquakes occur Example: mountain building in the Himalayas and the Andes
- mP
Chemical weathering
Daylight saving time zones
Convergent plate movements
3. Can influence climate by sending tremendous volumes of dust - ash - and smoke into the atmosphere
Tides
freshwater springs
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
4. Can thaw and melt - and the ensuing water flows overland as snowmelt
Volcano
Seasons
Short - period comets
Snow packs
5. Condensed water vapor that falls to the earth's surface - Most precipitation occurs as rain - but also includes snow - hail - fog drip - graupel - and sleet
Precipitation
Rainfall
50-100
Colder
6. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift
Differential heating
Eclipses
Orogenic zones
Rocky planets and moons
7. Some isolated mountains were produced by volcanoes - including many apparently ________ that reach a great height above the ocean floor
Comet nuclei
Climate
Speed of light
Small islands
8. Comprised of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle - broken up into tectonic plates (7 major and many minor) - ride on the asthenosphere
Polar air
Continental air
Lithosphere
Crust
9. 1 hour of time
Diurnal
Styles of rock deformation
15
Convergent plate movements
10. A land form that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area - with a peak - Usually produced by the movement of lithospheric plates
Mountain
Transpiration
Latitude
Daylight saving time zones
11. One tidal cycle per day
Galactic center
Volcano
jet stream
Diurnal
12. The best determiner of climate - as it is consistently and directly correlated with temperature - other factors: Rain shadows - as well as water currents - elevation and so forth
Latitude
Metamorphic rocks
Surface ocean currents
Weight and mass
13. Younger beds were originally deposited above older beds
Law of superposition
- mP
Earth's crust
Comet nuclei
14. Earth movements - The result of forces within the earth - where temperature and pressure differences lead to instability
50-100
Crust
Tidal range
Crustal rocks
15. The tendency of a moving object to stay in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place - Without _______ - a planet would be pulled into the sun
Inertia
Erosion and land use
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Maritime air
16. Maritime polar (wet - cold air)
Convergent tectonic plates
5.6
- mP
Sun
17. Some precipitation falls as ____ and can accumulate as ice caps and glaciers - which can store water for thousands of years
Types of galaxies
World/global ocean
Inertia
snow
18. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics
Crust
Strata
Why weather occurs
Solar wind
19. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)
Surface temperature differences
Troposhere
Tides
Evapotranspiration
20. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...
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21. Divided into two main types: large - low- density gas giants and smaller - rocky terrestrials - There are at least 341 identified _______ - 8 of which are in the Solar System
Planets
Examples to support Continental drift theory
Igneous rocks
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
22. The process of chemical or physical breakdown of earth rocks - soils - and their minerals
Long - period comets
Chaotic system
Hydrologic concepts
Weathering
23. Forms over land and is associated with dry air
freshwater springs
Continental air
Volcano
Moon
24. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________
Law of original horizontality
percolation
Galactic center
Semidiurnal
25. A region of the earth that has uniform standard time - usually referred to as the local time - divided into standard and daylight saving (or summer)
Time zone
Minerals
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Lunar eclipse
26. Continental polar (dry - cold air)
Rainfall
- cP
Sun's gravity
Andromeda galaxy
27. Typically the tidal mouths of rivers and are often characterized by _____________ or silt carried in from terrestrial runoff - frequently from offshore
Sedimentation
Valley breeze
Rocky planets and moons
New moon
28. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line
Weight and mass
Metamorphic rocks
Gravity and inertia
3/4
29. (in descending order of size) the Pacific Ocean - the Atlantic Ocean - the Indian Ocean - the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean
Styles of rock deformation
Major oceans
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Density
30. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e
- cT
Snow packs
Equinoxes
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
31. This scale assigns a fixed number to 10 reference materials. Talc (1) is the softest and diamond (10) is the hardest
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32. Affected by factors such as weathering and impurities
Sun
The Gulf - Stream
Mineral color
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
33. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the same area - Atlanta tropical cyclone activity is generally enhanced during La Nina - Often follows the El Nino - especially when the latter is strong
Spring tide
New moon
Sunspots
La Nina
34. The process in which one type of rock changes into another
Galaxies
Hydrologic concepts
River
The rock cycle
35. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods
The Gulf - Stream
Comet
Petroleum exploration
Earth
36. A natural flow of water - usually freshwater - traveling toward an ocean - a lake - or another stream
larger planet
River
Limestone
Earth
37. Sometimes called minor planets or planetoids - Bodies
46%
Asteroids
Moon
Earth
38. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun
Soil
The geological time scale
Andromeda galaxy
Parallax
39. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth
Moon
Minerals
Sedimentary rocks
Rain shadow
40. 186000 miles/second
Inertia
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
Speed of light
Sunspots
41. Sun heats water in the oceans - Water evaporates as vapor into the air - Ice and snow can sublimate directly into water vapor...- Over time - the water reenters the ocean - where the water cycle started
Hydrologic cycle
Rain shadow
Photosphere
Weather phenomena on earth
42. Center: 3000
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43. Travels in an orbit that is slightly elliptical (oval) - and so the distance from the sun ranges from 91.5 to 94.5 million miles - Its daily rotation deforms the earth to a flattened spheroid - with a polar radius slightly less than the equatorial ra
Mohs' scale of hardness
Earth
Runoff
Surface ocean temperature
44. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures
lower elevation
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
Cumulonibus clouds
Earth
45. Not all runoff flows into rivers; much of it infiltrates into the ground through...
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Parallax
percolation
Asteroids
46. This upslope wind is called a...
Intrusive
Valley breeze
Solar eclipse
Density
47. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon
46%
Parallax
Limestone
larger planet
48. Featherlike clouds that indicate fair weather
Erosion and land use
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Cirrus clouds
Density
49. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic
Crust
Pacific Ring of Fire
Condensation
Runoff
50. The flow of water underground - in the vadose zone and aquifers - Subsurface water may return to the surface (as a spring or by being pumped) or eventually seep into the oceans
Chaotic system
Why weather occurs
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Subsurface flow