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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Continental tropical (dry - warm air)
Hydrologic cycle
- cT
Surface temperature differences
larger planet
2. A warm - water current that carries warm water from the Tropics to the Arctic regions of the North Atlantic Ocean - This accounts for higher temperatures and higher humidity on the Eastern Seaboard during the summer
Lunar eclipse
percolation
California coast
The Gulf - Stream
3. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert
Rain shadow
precipitation
Latitude
Minerals
4. The science that describes and interprets the earth Fields: - Geomorphology (land forms) - Petrology (rocks) - Stratigraphy (layered rocks) - Paleontology (fossils)
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
Surface temperature differences
Geology
Chaotic system
5. 1 hour of time
Long - period comets
15
Sedimentation
Surface ocean temperature
6. Air currents move clouds around the globe and cloud particles collide - grow - and fall out of the sky as ________ - Most of it falls back into the oceans or onto land - where the precipitation flows over the ground as surface runoff - portion of run
Latitude
precipitation
Sun
Mountain
7. Volcanoes can be caused by '____________'; these so - called hotspots - as in Hawaii - can occur far from plate boundaries
Solar eclipse
California coast
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Mantle plumes
8. After the moon has waxed through crescent - quarter - and gibbous phases - a ________ appears - At that time - the moon rises at sunset - and we see all of its illuminated side - Then the phase wanes gradually to another new moon
Full moon
Sun
Eclipses
Mechanical/physical weathering
9. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics
Seasons
Why weather occurs
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Longitude
10. Believed to originate at a much greater distance from the Sun - in a cloud (the Oort cloud) consisting of debris left over from the condensation of solar nebula - Comets are thrown from the outer planets or nearby stars - or as a result of collisions
15
Mid - oceanic ridge
Venus
Long - period comets
11. The spectra of distant objects display a red shift - which is interpreted as meaning that they are rapidly receding from us - This apparent expansion of the universe has given rise to the big bang theory of cosmology - in which one primeval mass expl
Moon
Coral reef
The big bang theory of cosmology
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
12. Forms south of the Arctic and is cold
Polar air
Examples to support Continental drift theory
clouds
Seasons
13. Cause pressure differences - A hot surface heats the air above it and the air expands - lowering the air pressure and its density
Surface temperature differences
Surface ocean currents
Weight and mass
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
14. Due to a combination of differential heating and geometry - hen the sun rises - it is the tops of the mountain peaks which receive first light - and as the day progresses - the mountain slopes take on a greater heat load than the valleys - This resul
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Sedimentation
Rock salt
Standard time zones
15. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon
46%
Soil
- cP
Minerals
16. Characterized by similar temperatures and moisture levels
Cumulonibus clouds
Types of galaxies
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Air mass
17. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals (also known as biological weathering)
Galactic center
larger planet
Earth
Chemical weathering
18. Takes place when the moon passes between the earth and the sun - with the moon blocking the sunlight for about two minutes - A total ___________ may be seen only from a small zone on the earth
Solar eclipse
Tectonic plates
Volcano
Pacific Ring of Fire
19. The North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean - and thus its temperature extremes are buffered by the water - The result is that the South Pole is consistently _______ during the southern winter than the North Pole during the northern winter
Colder
Sun
Stars
Sedimentary rocks
20. Can influence climate by sending tremendous volumes of dust - ash - and smoke into the atmosphere
Earth's crust
Geology
cooling
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
21. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)
- mP
Crust
lower
Sublimation
22. Erosion in many places is increased by human land use - Poor land - use practices include deforestation - overgrazing - unmanaged construction activity - and road building
Mantle
Mountain
Moon
Erosion and land use
23. Method of using the present to interpret the past - Processes occurring today are observed carefully and their effects are measured - Then - geologists assume that similar effects in ancient rocks were caused by processes similar to those of the pres
Intrusive
Daylight saving time zones
Uniformitarianism
Major oceans
24. - The materials left over after the rock breaks down combine with organic material - The mineral content is determined by the parent material; thus - a soil derived from a single rock type can often be deficient in one or more minerals for good ferti
Extrusive
The geological time scale
lower elevation
Soil
25. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through direct contact with atmospheric conditions such as heat - water - ice - and pressure
Mechanical/physical weathering
Estuary
Comet
Geology
26. Some infiltration stays close to the land surface and can seep back into surface - water bodies (and the ocean) as...
Mohs' scale of hardness
Transform plate movements
groundwater discharge
Divergent plate movements
27. The strength of gravity in our solar system depends on both the masses of the celestial objects and the _______ between them
Distance
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
Solar System
Divergent plate movements
28. The layers of sediment deposited in a quiet environment - Common sites of deposition are lakes - deltas at the mouths of rivers - beaches and sandbars along the coast - and (most important) the marine environment
Strata
Minerals
Scratch test
Speed of light
29. Zero degrees latitude - generally has a tropical climate (warm and wet); at the extreme northern and southern latitudes (polar regions) - the climate is very cold and dry
The equator
Neap tide/neaps
Tides
Solar radiation
30. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun
Fossils
Surface temperature
Limestone
Parallax
31. The difference between levels of ocean water at high and low tides
Crustal rocks
Tidal range
Galaxies
Lithosphere
32. Condensed water vapor that falls to the earth's surface - Most precipitation occurs as rain - but also includes snow - hail - fog drip - graupel - and sleet
Precipitation
Standard time zones
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
Earth's crust
33. Hotspot volcanoes are also found elsewhere in the Solar System - especially on...
Rocky planets and moons
Surface ocean currents
lower elevation
Cleavage
34. Forms over land and is associated with dry air
Inertia
Rock salt
Continental air
Diurnal
35. The precipitation that is intercepted by plant foliage and eventually evaporates back to the atmosphere rather than falling to the ground
precipitation
Subsurface flow
Canopy interception
Nuclear fusion
36. Some groundwater finds openings in the land surface and emerges as...
freshwater springs
Plate tectonics
Why weather occurs
The big bang theory of cosmology
37. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p
Earth
Styles of rock deformation
Diurnal
Volcano
38. Can thaw and melt - and the ensuing water flows overland as snowmelt
Soil
Photosphere
Snow packs
Chemical sedimentary rocks
39. Typically the tidal mouths of rivers and are often characterized by _____________ or silt carried in from terrestrial runoff - frequently from offshore
Axis tilt
River
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Sedimentation
40. Large - dark clouds that indicate thunderstorms
Deserts
Cumulonibus clouds
Law of original horizontality
Solar eclipse
41. Deviates by an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees - Thus - at any given time during summer or winter - one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the sun - This exposure alternates as the earth revolves in its orbit
Cumulonibus clouds
snow
Transform plate movements
Axis tilt
42. Center: 3000
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43. The farther from the tropics you are positioned - the ________ the angle of the sun - This causes those locations to be cooler due to the indirect sunlight
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
lower
groundwater discharge
Continental air
44. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths
Small islands
Intrusive
Ways magma can form
Planets
45. Smooth layers of low clouds that indicate a chance of drizzle or snow
Stratus clouds
Altostratus clouds
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Inertia
46. This scale assigns a fixed number to 10 reference materials. Talc (1) is the softest and diamond (10) is the hardest
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47. One tidal cycle per day
Types of galaxies
Weight and mass
Mechanical/physical weathering
Diurnal
48. Faulting and folding
Equinoxes
Styles of rock deformation
Plate tectonics
46%
49. (or summer time zones) include an offset (typically +1 hour) for daylight saving time
percolation
Daylight saving time zones
California coast
Law of superposition
50. A major determiner of coastal climate
Opposite seasons
River
Solar eclipse
Surface ocean temperature