Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Seas - gulfs - bays - and other names






2. Igneous rock that forms on the earth's surface - Examples obsidian - basalt - and pumice






3. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through direct contact with atmospheric conditions such as heat - water - ice - and pressure






4. Two feldspars (orthoclase and plagioclase) - quartz - olivine - and augite - These five minerals are silicates - built from interlocking silicon and oxygen atoms






5. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods






6. The outermost part of the earth's interior is made up of two layers...






7. Volcanoes can be caused by '____________'; these so - called hotspots - as in Hawaii - can occur far from plate boundaries






8. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)






9. Maritime polar (wet - cold air)






10. Classified as warm - water or cold - water currents






11. The runoff produced by melting snow






12. (in descending order of size) the Pacific Ocean - the Atlantic Ocean - the Indian Ocean - the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean






13. 4 terrestrials: Mercury - Venus - Mars - Earth 4 gas giants: Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune At least 5 dwarf planets: Ceres - Pluto - Makemake - Haumea - Eris






14. Affected by factors such as weathering and impurities






15. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures






16. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away






17. Forms over land and is associated with dry air






18. Comprises one global - interconnected body of salt water often (though generally recognized as several separate oceans) - A continuous body of water with relatively free interchange among its parts






19. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift






20. A region of the earth that has uniform standard time - usually referred to as the local time - divided into standard and daylight saving (or summer)






21. Test the item against materials of known hardness; for example - use your fingernail or the graphite in a pencil to attempt to scratch the items. This process should result in assigning a relative hardness to the unknown items.






22. The science of the atmosphere and weather






23. Continental tropical (dry - warm air)






24. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate






25. A ______________ - such as the Mid - Atlantic Ridge - has examples of volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates pulling apart






26. Water transpired from plants and evaporated from the soil






27. Solar Atmosphere is divided into the inner chromosphere with explosive prominences and the outer corona - a glowing halo visible only during a total eclipse - Constantly emitting particles as a...






28. Can influence climate by sending tremendous volumes of dust - ash - and smoke into the atmosphere






29. Cause pressure differences - A hot surface heats the air above it and the air expands - lowering the air pressure and its density






30. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000






31. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...






32. Traces of ancient life preserved in the strata as shells - footprints - and the like - Soft plant and animal tissues decompose quickly in the presence of decay bacteria - which exist wherever oxygen exists






33. Temperature - pressure - and composition






34. Comprised of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle - broken up into tectonic plates (7 major and many minor) - ride on the asthenosphere






35. A major determiner of coastal climate






36. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed






37. Hotspot volcanoes are also found elsewhere in the Solar System - especially on...






38. A land form that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area - with a peak - Usually produced by the movement of lithospheric plates






39. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the






40. Different visual appearance; when discovered - comets show a perceptible coma while asteroids do not






41. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5






42. Rocks are placed into groups according to how they form...






43. Can thaw and melt - and the ensuing water flows overland as snowmelt






44. Younger beds were originally deposited above older beds






45. The tendency of a moving object to stay in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place - Without _______ - a planet would be pulled into the sun






46. Occurs at the instant when the sun's position in the sky is at its greatest angular distance on the other side of the equatorial plane from the observer's hemisphere - Depending on the shift of the calendar - the winter solstice occurs some time betw






47. When the moon is at first quarter or third quarter - the sun - earth and moon form a 90- degree (right) angle with the earth at the vertex - The combined effect of this alignment of the sun - earth - and moon results in tidal ranges on the earth - Wh






48. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth






49. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun






50. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow