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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. How much matter is in the object
The rock cycle
Density
groundwater discharge
Chaotic system
2. Take up about 1/3 of the earth's land surface - many are formed by rain shadows - Usually have a large diurnal (day) and seasonal temperature range - with high daytime temperatures
Deserts
Venus
Evapotranspiration
The Gulf - Stream
3. Center: 3000
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4. Somewhat cooler disturbances in the photosphere
Sunspots
Solar eclipse
Full moon
percolation
5. The movement of rainwater as it filters through soil and rocks into the ground - becoming groundwater
Percolation
Gravity and inertia
Pacific Ring of Fire
3/4
6. This scale assigns a fixed number to 10 reference materials. Talc (1) is the softest and diamond (10) is the hardest
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7. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods
Nuclear fusion
Comet
Time zone
Weight and mass
8. Forms over water and is associated with wet air
Maritime air
Eclipses
Rain shadow
Transform plate movements
9. Ancient astronomers found that eclipses occurred periodically and learned to predict them accurately - Lunar and solar
Continental air
Percolation
Eclipses
Cleavage
10. The degrees north or south of the equator
Opposite seasons
Latitude
California coast
Surface temperature differences
11. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Eclipses
Groundwater
Lithosphere
12. The outermost part of the earth's interior is made up of two layers...
snow
Extrusive
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Chaotic system
13. Deviates by an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees - Thus - at any given time during summer or winter - one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the sun - This exposure alternates as the earth revolves in its orbit
Rain shadow
percolation
Axis tilt
jet stream
14. The resulting dust layer would act as a shield - blocking out much of the sun's rays - This would result in lower global temperatures and a general _____ of the earth
Semidiurnal or diurnal
cooling
Convergent plate movements
Surface temperature
15. Different visual appearance; when discovered - comets show a perceptible coma while asteroids do not
15
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Erosion and land use
Geology
16. Cirrus - Stratus - Cumulonimbus - Altostratus
Transform plate movements
Lithosphere
Photosphere
Types of clouds
17. The science of the atmosphere and weather
The big bang theory of cosmology
Subsurface flow
Sublimation
Meteorology
18. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal
snow
Semidiurnal
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
River
19. 4 terrestrials: Mercury - Venus - Mars - Earth 4 gas giants: Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune At least 5 dwarf planets: Ceres - Pluto - Makemake - Haumea - Eris
cooling
Long - period comets
Cirrus clouds
Solar System
20. Natural chemical compounds that are the crystals that make up rocks - Each has a specific composition or narrow range of composition
Minerals
Chaotic system
Subsurface flow
Rain shadow
21. Smooth layers of low clouds that indicate a chance of drizzle or snow
Andromeda galaxy
Stratus clouds
Erosion
California coast
22. A continuous drill would find gas - oil - and water in that order - The three substances occur in their order of density - with the lightest substance on top and the heaviest on the bottom
Types of clouds
jet stream
Petroleum exploration
Sunspots
23. The best determiner of climate - as it is consistently and directly correlated with temperature - other factors: Rain shadows - as well as water currents - elevation and so forth
Nuclear fusion
Inertia
Latitude
Subduction zones
24. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...
Runoff
Surface temperature
groundwater discharge
Opposite seasons
25. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)
Winter solstice
Cleavage
Sublimation
Precipitation
26. The transformation of water from liquid to gas phases as it moves from the ground or bodies of water into the overlying atmosphere
Continental air
Volcano
Evaporation
Andromeda galaxy
27. Characterized by similar temperatures and moisture levels
Air mass
Clastic
Orogenic zones
Differential heating
28. Oceans cover __ of the earth's surface
3/4
Styles of rock deformation
Why weather occurs
Canopy interception
29. The earth is believed to be about ___ billion years old
5.6
Law of original horizontality
Law of superposition
aquifers
30. Solar Atmosphere is divided into the inner chromosphere with explosive prominences and the outer corona - a glowing halo visible only during a total eclipse - Constantly emitting particles as a...
Crust
Solar wind
Minerals
Conglomerates
31. A semi - closed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it - and with a free connection to the open sea - Often associated with high levels of biological diversity - They are made up of brackish water - Often given names
Volcano
Igneous rocks
Sun's gravity
Estuary
32. Rising air currents take the vapor up into the atmopshere where cooler temperatures cause it to condense into ____
Time zone
clouds
Soil
Types of clouds
33. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through direct contact with atmospheric conditions such as heat - water - ice - and pressure
Short - period comets
Mechanical/physical weathering
29.5
Rocky planets and moons
34. The movement (carrying away or displacement) of solids (sediment - soil - rock - and other particles) - usually by the agents of currents such as wind - water - or ice by downward or down - slope movement in response to gravity
Percolation
Erosion
Climate
Extrusive
35. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away
- mP
Andromeda galaxy
Coral reef
Gravity and inertia
36. Volcanoes can be caused by '____________'; these so - called hotspots - as in Hawaii - can occur far from plate boundaries
Opposite seasons
50-100
Latitude
Mantle plumes
37. 186000 miles/second
Speed of light
New moon
Parallax
Inertia
38. Largest zone of the planet (68%); crystalline silicates - rich in magnesium - calcium - and iron; very hot and mainly solid - but local melting to magma is the source of volcanic eruptions
The geological time scale
Speed of light
Runoff
Mantle
39. Temperature - pressure - and composition
Conglomerates
Volcano
Ways magma can form
Daylight saving time zones
40. Condensed water vapor that falls to the earth's surface - Most precipitation occurs as rain - but also includes snow - hail - fog drip - graupel - and sleet
Winter solstice
Precipitation
Types of clouds
46%
41. The flow of water underground - in the vadose zone and aquifers - Subsurface water may return to the surface (as a spring or by being pumped) or eventually seep into the oceans
Mountain
Short - period comets
Chaotic system
Subsurface flow
42. The cold - water current that flows north to south off the _____________ keeps the West Coast fairly cool during the summer - Cold - water currents create cooler temperatures in areas that would otherwise be much warmer
Precipitation
California coast
Weathering
Sunspots
43. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an
Meteorology
Sedimentary rocks
Sublimation
Evaporation
44. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog
Fossils
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Condensation
Soil
45. Sun heats water in the oceans - Water evaporates as vapor into the air - Ice and snow can sublimate directly into water vapor...- Over time - the water reenters the ocean - where the water cycle started
Canopy interception
jet stream
Hydrologic cycle
Meteorology
46. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun
Latitude
Andromeda galaxy
Rocky planets and moons
Parallax
47. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone
Altostratus clouds
Runoff
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
Conglomerates
48. Younger beds were originally deposited above older beds
Law of superposition
Plate tectonics
The most abundant minerals in the crust
aquifers
49. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths
Intrusive
Strata
Canopy interception
- cT
50. Classified as warm - water or cold - water currents
Surface ocean currents
Weight and mass
Photosphere
Convergent tectonic plates