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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals (also known as biological weathering)
Semidiurnal
Chemical weathering
Percolation
Block mountains or fold mountains
2. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans
Diurnal
Chemical sedimentary rocks
3/4
Uniformitarianism
3. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods
Rock salt
Comet
Subduction zones
Erosion and land use
4. Forms south of the Arctic and is cold
Polar air
Sun's gravity
Surface ocean currents
Altostratus clouds
5. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures
Short - period comets
El Nino and La Nina
lower elevation
Photosphere
6. Affected by factors such as weathering and impurities
Continental drift
Moon
Mineral color
Convergent tectonic plates
7. An individual weighing 200 lbs on Earth would weigh more on a _______________ - Weight is a function of gravity
Polar air
Crust
larger planet
Mountain
8. The rising of the earth's ocean surface caused by the tidal forces of the moon and the sun acting on the oceans
Tides
Short - period comets
Cirrus clouds
Crustal rocks
9. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years
Climate
10000
Continental drift
Rocky planets and moons
10. Darkens the moon as the earth passes between it and the sun - casting a shadow on the moon - may be seen from anywhere the moon is visible - about half of the earth
lower
Lunar eclipse
Sun
Runoff
11. The evaporation of these oceans is how we get most of our __________ - and their temperature determines our climate and wind patterns
Rainfall
Examples to support Continental drift theory
Clastic
- mT
12. Precipitation - Canopy interception - Snowmelt - Runoff - Percolation - Subsurface flow- Evaporation - Sublimation - Condensation
Hydrologic concepts
Convergent plate movements
Stars
Erosion and land use
13. Zero degrees latitude - generally has a tropical climate (warm and wet); at the extreme northern and southern latitudes (polar regions) - the climate is very cold and dry
The equator
Galaxies
Stars
Fossils
14. The atmosphere is a __________ - and so small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole - This makes it difficult to accurately predict weather more than a few days in advance
Chaotic system
Continental air
Metamorphic rocks
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
15. Loose collections of ice - dust - and small rocky particles - measuring a few kilometers or tens of kilometers across
Limestone
precipitation
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Comet nuclei
16. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms
Divergent plate movements
Climate
Weather phenomena on earth
Coral reef
17. Solar Atmosphere is divided into the inner chromosphere with explosive prominences and the outer corona - a glowing halo visible only during a total eclipse - Constantly emitting particles as a...
Asteroids
Solar wind
Conglomerates
Metamorphic rocks
18. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the
Weathering
Seasons
Earth's crust
Neap tide/neaps
19. Some infiltration stays close to the land surface and can seep back into surface - water bodies (and the ocean) as...
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Snow packs
groundwater discharge
Minerals
20. Occur when two plates slip past each other - Such faults are generally moderate and are relatively shallow Example: The San Andreas Fault
Igneous rocks
Transform plate movements
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
21. The tendency of a moving object to stay in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place - Without _______ - a planet would be pulled into the sun
Uniformitarianism
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
Inertia
Conglomerates
22. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years
Erosion
Transpiration
Rainfall
Groundwater
23. Comprises one global - interconnected body of salt water often (though generally recognized as several separate oceans) - A continuous body of water with relatively free interchange among its parts
World/global ocean
precipitation
Stratus clouds
moisture
24. Characterized by similar temperatures and moisture levels
Air mass
Tidal range
Rainfall
groundwater discharge
25. A huge ball of incandescent gases - Its mass is more than 300000 times that of the earth - Principal constituents are the lightest elements - hydrogen and helium
percolation
Axis tilt
Sun
Tidal range
26. The North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean - and thus its temperature extremes are buffered by the water - The result is that the South Pole is consistently _______ during the southern winter than the North Pole during the northern winter
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Colder
Opposite seasons
Latitude
27. Huge systems of stars - Milky Way is estimated to have 100 billion stars arranged in a great disk
Solar System
5.6
Limestone
Galaxies
28. Deviates by an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees - Thus - at any given time during summer or winter - one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the sun - This exposure alternates as the earth revolves in its orbit
Solar eclipse
jet stream
Mantle
Axis tilt
29. The movement of rainwater as it filters through soil and rocks into the ground - becoming groundwater
Percolation
Longitude
- mP
The distinction between asteroids and comets
30. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England
groundwater discharge
Geology
Longitude
Spring tide
31. Due to a combination of differential heating and geometry - hen the sun rises - it is the tops of the mountain peaks which receive first light - and as the day progresses - the mountain slopes take on a greater heat load than the valleys - This resul
Fossils
Time zone
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
32. Can influence climate by sending tremendous volumes of dust - ash - and smoke into the atmosphere
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
Transpiration
Galaxies
Diurnal
33. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away
The equator
Smaller regions of the oceans
The geological time scale
Andromeda galaxy
34. Spiral - elliptical - and irregular form are speckled throughout the visible universe - Largest telescope has detected galaxies to its limit of several billion light - years
Crustal rocks
Types of galaxies
Longitude
Winter solstice
35. Believed to originate at a much greater distance from the Sun - in a cloud (the Oort cloud) consisting of debris left over from the condensation of solar nebula - Comets are thrown from the outer planets or nearby stars - or as a result of collisions
snow
Geology
Long - period comets
Deserts
36. Runoff and groundwater are stored as ________ in lakes
moisture
freshwater
Mountain
Condensation
37. Two types of mountains are formed - depending on how the rock reacts to the tectonic forces
El Nino and La Nina
Block mountains or fold mountains
Scratch test
Full moon
38. Not all runoff flows into rivers; much of it infiltrates into the ground through...
percolation
Scratch test
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
Uniformitarianism
39. Comprised of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle - broken up into tectonic plates (7 major and many minor) - ride on the asthenosphere
Limestone
Lithosphere
Polar air
Crust
40. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed
The geological time scale
Standard time zones
Metamorphic rocks
Limestone
41. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)
Sublimation
groundwater discharge
Rocky planets and moons
46%
42. The lateral movement of the plates is typically at speeds of ___ mm annually
Why weather occurs
El Nino
Chaotic system
50-100
43. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)
Sun's gravity
Troposhere
lower
Styles of rock deformation
44. Maritime polar (wet - cold air)
Rocky planets and moons
Hydrologic cycle
- mP
Solar radiation
45. Earth movements - The result of forces within the earth - where temperature and pressure differences lead to instability
46%
- mP
Solar radiation
Crustal rocks
46. Texture is important in classifying ______ sedimentary rocks
Standard time zones
Evaporation
Andromeda galaxy
Clastic
47. There are approx. _____ days between each lunar cycle
Asteroids
Seasons
29.5
Law of superposition
48. Faulting and folding
Scratch test
El Nino
Styles of rock deformation
The big bang theory of cosmology
49. A land form that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area - with a peak - Usually produced by the movement of lithospheric plates
Mountain
Minerals
Ice Age
Solar radiation
50. Oceans cover __ of the earth's surface
3/4
Crust
Scratch test
Convergent tectonic plates