Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. - The materials left over after the rock breaks down combine with organic material - The mineral content is determined by the parent material; thus - a soil derived from a single rock type can often be deficient in one or more minerals for good ferti






2. Divided into two main types: large - low- density gas giants and smaller - rocky terrestrials - There are at least 341 identified _______ - 8 of which are in the Solar System






3. Traces of ancient life preserved in the strata as shells - footprints - and the like - Soft plant and animal tissues decompose quickly in the presence of decay bacteria - which exist wherever oxygen exists






4. Darkens the moon as the earth passes between it and the sun - casting a shadow on the moon - may be seen from anywhere the moon is visible - about half of the earth






5. Somewhat cooler disturbances in the photosphere






6. Forms south of the Arctic and is cold






7. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th






8. Younger beds were originally deposited above older beds






9. Comprised of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle - broken up into tectonic plates (7 major and many minor) - ride on the asthenosphere






10. Further caused by the elliptical orbit of the earth - Earth reaches perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the sun) in January - and it reaches aphelion (farthest point from the sun) in July - Also depend on factors such as proximity to oceans






11. Formed from calcium carbonate - also an example of chemical sedimentary rocks - like roock salt - can contain organic or once - living matter and can record the history of that matter's formation in features such as strata - fossil evidence - and rip






12. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift






13. Affected by factors such as weathering and impurities






14. Classified as warm - water or cold - water currents






15. Take up about 1/3 of the earth's land surface - many are formed by rain shadows - Usually have a large diurnal (day) and seasonal temperature range - with high daytime temperatures






16. Some infiltration stays close to the land surface and can seep back into surface - water bodies (and the ocean) as...






17. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years






18. Different visual appearance; when discovered - comets show a perceptible coma while asteroids do not






19. Erosion in many places is increased by human land use - Poor land - use practices include deforestation - overgrazing - unmanaged construction activity - and road building






20. Condensed water vapor that falls to the earth's surface - Most precipitation occurs as rain - but also includes snow - hail - fog drip - graupel - and sleet






21. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)






22. Igneous rock that forms on the earth's surface - Examples obsidian - basalt - and pumice






23. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...






24. Volcanoes are generally found where ________ are diverging or converging






25. Not all runoff flows into rivers; much of it infiltrates into the ground through...






26. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog






27. The atmosphere is a __________ - and so small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole - This makes it difficult to accurately predict weather more than a few days in advance






28. Scientists theorize that massive volcanic eruptions on a global scale contributed to the earth's cooling - resulting in the onset of the...






29. Precipitation - Canopy interception - Snowmelt - Runoff - Percolation - Subsurface flow- Evaporation - Sublimation - Condensation






30. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted






31. Smooth layers of low clouds that indicate a chance of drizzle or snow






32. Oceans cover __ of the earth's surface






33. Occur when two plates slip past each other - Such faults are generally moderate and are relatively shallow Example: The San Andreas Fault






34. An individual weighing 200 lbs on Earth would weigh more on a _______________ - Weight is a function of gravity






35. Largest zone of the planet (68%); crystalline silicates - rich in magnesium - calcium - and iron; very hot and mainly solid - but local melting to magma is the source of volcanic eruptions






36. Pulls the planets toward the sun - while their inertia keeps them moving forward in an elliptical orbit around the sun

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37. The layers of sediment deposited in a quiet environment - Common sites of deposition are lakes - deltas at the mouths of rivers - beaches and sandbars along the coast - and (most important) the marine environment






38. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures






39. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun






40. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth






41. The best determiner of climate - as it is consistently and directly correlated with temperature - other factors: Rain shadows - as well as water currents - elevation and so forth






42. Test the item against materials of known hardness; for example - use your fingernail or the graphite in a pencil to attempt to scratch the items. This process should result in assigning a relative hardness to the unknown items.






43. (or summer time zones) include an offset (typically +1 hour) for daylight saving time






44. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes






45. Giant masses of solid rock that float upon the earth's mantle - These plates move in relation to one another at one of three types of plate boundaries...






46. The North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean - and thus its temperature extremes are buffered by the water - The result is that the South Pole is consistently _______ during the southern winter than the North Pole during the northern winter






47. Occurs when the moon sets at sunset - Then the moon is between the earth and the sun - so we see only the dark half of the moon






48. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration






49. Huge systems of stars - Milky Way is estimated to have 100 billion stars arranged in a great disk






50. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England