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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed
The geological time scale
Rain shadow
Rocky planets and moons
Cleavage
2. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th
El Nino
Diurnal
River
Erosion and land use
3. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow
Mechanical/physical weathering
Climate
Altostratus clouds
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
4. Can thaw and melt - and the ensuing water flows overland as snowmelt
Latitude
Long linear arcs
jet stream
Snow packs
5. The transformation of water from liquid to gas phases as it moves from the ground or bodies of water into the overlying atmosphere
Intrusive
Scratch test
46%
Evaporation
6. Rocks are placed into groups according to how they form...
Lunar eclipse
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
Axis tilt
Extrusive
7. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through direct contact with atmospheric conditions such as heat - water - ice - and pressure
The equator
Photosphere
Mechanical/physical weathering
Semidiurnal
8. Texture is important in classifying ______ sedimentary rocks
groundwater discharge
New moon
Sublimation
Clastic
9. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away
Andromeda galaxy
Transpiration
Mid - oceanic ridge
Transform plate movements
10. Temperature - pressure - and composition
Mohs' scale of hardness
Distance
Ways magma can form
Evaporation
11. Condensed water vapor that falls to the earth's surface - Most precipitation occurs as rain - but also includes snow - hail - fog drip - graupel - and sleet
Equinoxes
Eclipses
Precipitation
Sedimentary rocks
12. After the moon has waxed through crescent - quarter - and gibbous phases - a ________ appears - At that time - the moon rises at sunset - and we see all of its illuminated side - Then the phase wanes gradually to another new moon
Distance
Divergent plate movements
Full moon
aquifers
13. The flow of water underground - in the vadose zone and aquifers - Subsurface water may return to the surface (as a spring or by being pumped) or eventually seep into the oceans
Strata
Subsurface flow
Tides
Opposite seasons
14. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England
World/global ocean
Longitude
Photosphere
Condensation
15. The movement (carrying away or displacement) of solids (sediment - soil - rock - and other particles) - usually by the agents of currents such as wind - water - or ice by downward or down - slope movement in response to gravity
Mid - oceanic ridge
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Erosion
Cirrus clouds
16. Deviates by an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees - Thus - at any given time during summer or winter - one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the sun - This exposure alternates as the earth revolves in its orbit
Hydrologic cycle
The geological time scale
Axis tilt
Short - period comets
17. Seas - gulfs - bays - and other names
Chemical weathering
Valley breeze
Smaller regions of the oceans
Extrusive
18. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e
Rock salt
Weight and mass
Equinoxes
freshwater springs
19. Forms south of the Arctic and is cold
Polar air
Semidiurnal
Stratus clouds
Valley breeze
20. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted
Runoff
Ways magma can form
29.5
Density
21. Large - scale movements of the earth's lithosphere - - The theory encompasses the older concepts of continental drift (first half of 20th century) and seafloor spreading (1960s)
Longitude
Transpiration
Types of galaxies
Plate tectonics
22. Formed by sodium chloride
Rock salt
Subsurface flow
Runoff
The geological time scale
23. The cold - water current that flows north to south off the _____________ keeps the West Coast fairly cool during the summer - Cold - water currents create cooler temperatures in areas that would otherwise be much warmer
Daylight saving time zones
Tidal range
50-100
California coast
24. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes
Rocky planets and moons
Differential heating
Cirrus clouds
Crust
25. Somewhat cooler disturbances in the photosphere
Cirrus clouds
Mechanical/physical weathering
precipitation
Sunspots
26. Further caused by the elliptical orbit of the earth - Earth reaches perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the sun) in January - and it reaches aphelion (farthest point from the sun) in July - Also depend on factors such as proximity to oceans
- mP
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Examples to support Continental drift theory
Chemical sedimentary rocks
27. Air currents move clouds around the globe and cloud particles collide - grow - and fall out of the sky as ________ - Most of it falls back into the oceans or onto land - where the precipitation flows over the ground as surface runoff - portion of run
Speed of light
Mantle plumes
Types of clouds
precipitation
28. Sun heats water in the oceans - Water evaporates as vapor into the air - Ice and snow can sublimate directly into water vapor...- Over time - the water reenters the ocean - where the water cycle started
Hydrologic cycle
Erosion
Distance
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
29. Volcanoes are also found in __________ - where the denser oceanic plates are forced under continental plates; this adds massive volumes of water to the mantle - allowing magma to melt more readily and rise to the surface to form volcanoes
Subduction zones
Cirrus clouds
Continental air
Earth
30. Forms over water and is associated with wet air
Snowmelt
Transform plate movements
Maritime air
Chemical weathering
31. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms
Standard time zones
Surface temperature differences
Weather phenomena on earth
La Nina
32. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...
33. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics
Why weather occurs
The rock cycle
snow
Ice Age
34. This upslope wind is called a...
- mT
Valley breeze
29.5
Mineral color
35. A huge ball of incandescent gases - Its mass is more than 300000 times that of the earth - Principal constituents are the lightest elements - hydrogen and helium
Sun
Styles of rock deformation
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Galaxies
36. Traces of ancient life preserved in the strata as shells - footprints - and the like - Soft plant and animal tissues decompose quickly in the presence of decay bacteria - which exist wherever oxygen exists
Estuary
Surface temperature differences
Fossils
Sunspots
37. There are approx. _____ days between each lunar cycle
Crustal rocks
29.5
freshwater
Conglomerates
38. A warm - water current that carries warm water from the Tropics to the Arctic regions of the North Atlantic Ocean - This accounts for higher temperatures and higher humidity on the Eastern Seaboard during the summer
Solar wind
The Gulf - Stream
Moon
The geological time scale
39. Cirrus - Stratus - Cumulonimbus - Altostratus
Air mass
5.6
Types of clouds
Parallax
40. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years
Why weather occurs
Law of superposition
Groundwater
Asteroids
41. The process in which one type of rock changes into another
The rock cycle
Surface ocean temperature
Solar System
Evapotranspiration
42. The motive force behind land breezes and sea/lake breezes - also known as on - or off - shore winds - Land absorbs and radiates heat faster than water - but water releases heat over a longer period of time
Evaporation
Time zone
Soil
Differential heating
43. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift
The equator
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
Orogenic zones
Standard time zones
44. A semi - closed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it - and with a free connection to the open sea - Often associated with high levels of biological diversity - They are made up of brackish water - Often given names
Sedimentation
Estuary
The equator
Weather phenomena on earth
45. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune
Transform plate movements
Short - period comets
Weather phenomena on earth
Fossils
46. Some isolated mountains were produced by volcanoes - including many apparently ________ that reach a great height above the ocean floor
River
Small islands
freshwater springs
Solar radiation
47. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________
Precipitation
Galactic center
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Tropical air
48. The result of the buildup of once - living things
Weathering
Coral reef
Semidiurnal
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
49. Darkens the moon as the earth passes between it and the sun - casting a shadow on the moon - may be seen from anywhere the moon is visible - about half of the earth
snow
Lunar eclipse
Nuclear fusion
Chemical sedimentary rocks
50. Two feldspars (orthoclase and plagioclase) - quartz - olivine - and augite - These five minerals are silicates - built from interlocking silicon and oxygen atoms
Coral reef
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Troposhere
Rock salt