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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert
Opposite seasons
Rain shadow
Solar radiation
Percolation
2. On maps - the characteristics of an air mass are represented by two letters: The lowercase letter represents ________ - and the uppercase letter represents temperature
Sublimation
Crustal rocks
Meteorology
moisture
3. Volcanoes are generally found where ________ are diverging or converging
Neap tide/neaps
Rocky planets and moons
Continental air
Tectonic plates
4. There are approx. _____ days between each lunar cycle
Long linear arcs
29.5
Comet
Crustal rocks
5. Due to a combination of differential heating and geometry - hen the sun rises - it is the tops of the mountain peaks which receive first light - and as the day progresses - the mountain slopes take on a greater heat load than the valleys - This resul
Canopy interception
Minerals
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
freshwater springs
6. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through direct contact with atmospheric conditions such as heat - water - ice - and pressure
Mechanical/physical weathering
Continental drift
lower elevation
Chemical sedimentary rocks
7. The precipitation that is intercepted by plant foliage and eventually evaporates back to the atmosphere rather than falling to the ground
Canopy interception
Mantle plumes
Major oceans
Meteorology
8. Large - scale movements of the earth's lithosphere - - The theory encompasses the older concepts of continental drift (first half of 20th century) and seafloor spreading (1960s)
Plate tectonics
The big bang theory of cosmology
Coral reef
Chemical sedimentary rocks
9. Condensed water vapor that falls to the earth's surface - Most precipitation occurs as rain - but also includes snow - hail - fog drip - graupel - and sleet
Mantle plumes
Snow packs
Precipitation
Law of original horizontality
10. Refers to the long - term weather patterns of a large geographical area and takes into account temperature - humidity - and precipitation
Climate
Evapotranspiration
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
Mohs' scale of hardness
11. Forms over water and is associated with wet air
New moon
Maritime air
Rain shadow
Mohs' scale of hardness
12. Forms south of the Arctic and is cold
Erosion and land use
Polar air
10000
Mid - oceanic ridge
13. The major mountains tend to occur in __________ - indicating tectonic plate boundaries and activity
Long linear arcs
Latitude
Distance
Mantle
14. Igneous rock that forms on the earth's surface - Examples obsidian - basalt - and pumice
Extrusive
Gravity and inertia
Deserts
Subsurface flow
15. The atmosphere is a __________ - and so small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole - This makes it difficult to accurately predict weather more than a few days in advance
Percolation
Climate
Minerals
Chaotic system
16. Forms over the Tropics and is warm
Earth's crust
Colder
15
Tropical air
17. Maritime polar (wet - cold air)
Canopy interception
Surface temperature differences
- mP
Comet nuclei
18. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune
Percolation
Short - period comets
Galactic center
Standard time zones
19. The motive force behind land breezes and sea/lake breezes - also known as on - or off - shore winds - Land absorbs and radiates heat faster than water - but water releases heat over a longer period of time
River
Differential heating
Styles of rock deformation
Weather phenomena on earth
20. Texture is important in classifying ______ sedimentary rocks
Clastic
Sedimentation
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Solar wind
21. Can thaw and melt - and the ensuing water flows overland as snowmelt
The equator
Earth
Snow packs
The geological time scale
22. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e
El Nino and La Nina
Equinoxes
Seasons
Comet nuclei
23. Divided into two main types: large - low- density gas giants and smaller - rocky terrestrials - There are at least 341 identified _______ - 8 of which are in the Solar System
Extrusive
El Nino
Planets
moisture
24. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes
Crust
Continental drift
Semidiurnal
Geology
25. Form when magma or lava cools and solidifies - Depending on the rate of cooling - can contain visible crystals - while others can appear glassy
freshwater springs
Igneous rocks
Speed of light
Runoff
26. Formed by sodium chloride
Cleavage
Rock salt
Time zone
- mP
27. The layers of sediment deposited in a quiet environment - Common sites of deposition are lakes - deltas at the mouths of rivers - beaches and sandbars along the coast - and (most important) the marine environment
Venus
Strata
Neap tide/neaps
Erosion and land use
28. Method of using the present to interpret the past - Processes occurring today are observed carefully and their effects are measured - Then - geologists assume that similar effects in ancient rocks were caused by processes similar to those of the pres
Uniformitarianism
Lunar eclipse
jet stream
Nuclear fusion
29. The resulting dust layer would act as a shield - blocking out much of the sun's rays - This would result in lower global temperatures and a general _____ of the earth
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
cooling
Snowmelt
29.5
30. Scientists theorize that massive volcanic eruptions on a global scale contributed to the earth's cooling - resulting in the onset of the...
lower
Parallax
Ice Age
The geological time scale
31. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line
Gravity and inertia
The earth's structure
Subduction zones
Minerals
32. The tendency of a moving object to stay in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place - Without _______ - a planet would be pulled into the sun
Inertia
Photosphere
Continental air
Ice Age
33. Air currents move clouds around the globe and cloud particles collide - grow - and fall out of the sky as ________ - Most of it falls back into the oceans or onto land - where the precipitation flows over the ground as surface runoff - portion of run
precipitation
Sun
Galaxies
Deserts
34. Gas giants Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus and Neptune have diameters far larger than Earth's and have far greater masses
Weight and mass
3/4
cooling
5.6
35. A natural flow of water - usually freshwater - traveling toward an ocean - a lake - or another stream
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
snow
River
World/global ocean
36. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England
Eclipses
Runoff
Inertia
Longitude
37. Most sediments were deposited in beds that were originally horizontal - and any tilting is due to later earth movements
Law of original horizontality
Convergent tectonic plates
Mineral color
Cumulonibus clouds
38. Comprises one global - interconnected body of salt water often (though generally recognized as several separate oceans) - A continuous body of water with relatively free interchange among its parts
Lithosphere
Inertia
World/global ocean
Earth's crust
39. Huge systems of stars - Milky Way is estimated to have 100 billion stars arranged in a great disk
Galaxies
Soil
Sublimation
Earth's crust
40. A semi - closed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it - and with a free connection to the open sea - Often associated with high levels of biological diversity - They are made up of brackish water - Often given names
Petroleum exploration
Sun
Estuary
Lithosphere
41. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics
Why weather occurs
Volcano
Mountain
Chemical sedimentary rocks
42. After the moon has waxed through crescent - quarter - and gibbous phases - a ________ appears - At that time - the moon rises at sunset - and we see all of its illuminated side - Then the phase wanes gradually to another new moon
Comet nuclei
Full moon
11
percolation
43. Traces of ancient life preserved in the strata as shells - footprints - and the like - Soft plant and animal tissues decompose quickly in the presence of decay bacteria - which exist wherever oxygen exists
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
Fossils
Full moon
Tropical air
44. The flow of water underground - in the vadose zone and aquifers - Subsurface water may return to the surface (as a spring or by being pumped) or eventually seep into the oceans
Small islands
Subsurface flow
El Nino and La Nina
Evaporation
45. Loose collections of ice - dust - and small rocky particles - measuring a few kilometers or tens of kilometers across
Comet nuclei
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Transform plate movements
Distance
46. Seasons are marked by changes in the amount of sunlight - which in turn often cause cycles of dormancy in plants and hibernation in animals - These effects vary with latitude and with proximity to bodies of water
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
Long - period comets
Tropical air
47. (or summer time zones) include an offset (typically +1 hour) for daylight saving time
Latitude
Daylight saving time zones
Tectonic plates
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
48. Deviates by an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees - Thus - at any given time during summer or winter - one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the sun - This exposure alternates as the earth revolves in its orbit
Solar radiation
Continental air
Earth's crust
Axis tilt
49. Takes approx. seven and a half earth months to revolve around the sun - Takes approx. eight earth months to rotate on its axis - a day on ________ is longer than a year
Cumulonibus clouds
Venus
World/global ocean
Photosphere
50. Classified as warm - water or cold - water currents
Long - period comets
Surface ocean currents
Strata
freshwater springs