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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The flow of water underground - in the vadose zone and aquifers - Subsurface water may return to the surface (as a spring or by being pumped) or eventually seep into the oceans
Subsurface flow
Mountain
Long linear arcs
The earth's structure
2. Occur when two plates slip past each other - Such faults are generally moderate and are relatively shallow Example: The San Andreas Fault
Tectonic plates
Tides
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Transform plate movements
3. The process in which one type of rock changes into another
Long - period comets
World/global ocean
Minerals
The rock cycle
4. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line
Gravity and inertia
46%
Earth
Law of original horizontality
5. Solar Atmosphere is divided into the inner chromosphere with explosive prominences and the outer corona - a glowing halo visible only during a total eclipse - Constantly emitting particles as a...
Solar wind
Why weather occurs
Precipitation
Semidiurnal
6. The best determiner of climate - as it is consistently and directly correlated with temperature - other factors: Rain shadows - as well as water currents - elevation and so forth
11
Chemical weathering
Ice Age
Latitude
7. The science that describes and interprets the earth Fields: - Geomorphology (land forms) - Petrology (rocks) - Stratigraphy (layered rocks) - Paleontology (fossils)
Extrusive
Geology
lower
Eclipses
8. Due to a combination of differential heating and geometry - hen the sun rises - it is the tops of the mountain peaks which receive first light - and as the day progresses - the mountain slopes take on a greater heat load than the valleys - This resul
The rock cycle
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Intrusive
New moon
9. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon
The earth's structure
Sun's gravity
46%
Estuary
10. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate
Chemical weathering
Cleavage
Stars
Metamorphic rocks
11. Maritime tropical (wet - warm air)
Time zone
- mT
Subsurface flow
29.5
12. The tendency of a moving object to stay in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place - Without _______ - a planet would be pulled into the sun
Inertia
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Ice Age
Deserts
13. A ______________ - such as the Mid - Atlantic Ridge - has examples of volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates pulling apart
Venus
Hydrologic cycle
precipitation
Mid - oceanic ridge
14. The difference between levels of ocean water at high and low tides
Mineral color
50-100
Mantle
Tidal range
15. The runoff produced by melting snow
Snow packs
Snowmelt
Sun's gravity
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
16. Cirrus - Stratus - Cumulonimbus - Altostratus
Strata
Divergent plate movements
Types of clouds
Geology
17. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an
Mid - oceanic ridge
Canopy interception
Surface temperature
Sedimentary rocks
18. Characterized by similar temperatures and moisture levels
Snowmelt
10000
Convergent plate movements
Air mass
19. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures
Strata
Galaxies
Subduction zones
lower elevation
20. Classified as warm - water or cold - water currents
Surface ocean currents
Galactic center
Metamorphic rocks
Maritime air
21. The atmosphere is a __________ - and so small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole - This makes it difficult to accurately predict weather more than a few days in advance
- cT
Styles of rock deformation
Distance
Chaotic system
22. The evaporation of these oceans is how we get most of our __________ - and their temperature determines our climate and wind patterns
5.6
Rainfall
Chaotic system
Meteorology
23. Occurs at the instant when the sun's position in the sky is at its greatest angular distance on the other side of the equatorial plane from the observer's hemisphere - Depending on the shift of the calendar - the winter solstice occurs some time betw
Convergent tectonic plates
Sublimation
Winter solstice
11
24. Volcanoes can be caused by '____________'; these so - called hotspots - as in Hawaii - can occur far from plate boundaries
Chaotic system
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Mantle plumes
Orogenic zones
25. A natural flow of water - usually freshwater - traveling toward an ocean - a lake - or another stream
Tectonic plates
Inertia
lower
River
26. Pulls the planets toward the sun - while their inertia keeps them moving forward in an elliptical orbit around the sun
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27. A major determiner of coastal climate
Surface ocean temperature
Geology
Seasons
- mP
28. Water transpired from plants and evaporated from the soil
Evapotranspiration
clouds
Lithosphere
Meteorology
29. Formed by sodium chloride
Rock salt
Sun
Erosion and land use
freshwater springs
30. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic
Winter solstice
Pacific Ring of Fire
Subsurface flow
El Nino and La Nina
31. Oceans cover __ of the earth's surface
3/4
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Major oceans
aquifers
32. Large - dark clouds that indicate thunderstorms
Uniformitarianism
New moon
Surface ocean temperature
Cumulonibus clouds
33. Darkens the moon as the earth passes between it and the sun - casting a shadow on the moon - may be seen from anywhere the moon is visible - about half of the earth
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Cirrus clouds
Lunar eclipse
Chaotic system
34. The precipitation that is intercepted by plant foliage and eventually evaporates back to the atmosphere rather than falling to the ground
Canopy interception
Coral reef
Groundwater
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
35. Comprises one global - interconnected body of salt water often (though generally recognized as several separate oceans) - A continuous body of water with relatively free interchange among its parts
Geology
World/global ocean
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Earth
36. Maritime polar (wet - cold air)
Groundwater
- mP
Eclipses
Standard time zones
37. Believed to originate at a much greater distance from the Sun - in a cloud (the Oort cloud) consisting of debris left over from the condensation of solar nebula - Comets are thrown from the outer planets or nearby stars - or as a result of collisions
Long - period comets
aquifers
Solar wind
Surface temperature differences
38. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5
Mohs' scale of hardness
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Solar radiation
El Nino and La Nina
39. 1 hour of time
Types of clouds
Tidal range
Solar wind
15
40. Seas - gulfs - bays - and other names
Cleavage
Uniformitarianism
Smaller regions of the oceans
Crustal rocks
41. Continental polar (dry - cold air)
Condensation
- cP
Transpiration
Sublimation
42. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000
Time zone
Sun's gravity
Hydrologic cycle
Photosphere
43. A region of the earth that has uniform standard time - usually referred to as the local time - divided into standard and daylight saving (or summer)
Differential heating
Time zone
freshwater springs
Chemical sedimentary rocks
44. Defined by geometrically subdividing the earth's spheroid into 24 lunes (wedge - shaped sections) - bordered by meridians - each 15
Small islands
- cT
Tropical air
Standard time zones
45. Some precipitation falls as ____ and can accumulate as ice caps and glaciers - which can store water for thousands of years
Transform plate movements
snow
Surface temperature differences
Venus
46. The motive force behind land breezes and sea/lake breezes - also known as on - or off - shore winds - Land absorbs and radiates heat faster than water - but water releases heat over a longer period of time
Moon
Examples to support Continental drift theory
Differential heating
The equator
47. The resulting dust layer would act as a shield - blocking out much of the sun's rays - This would result in lower global temperatures and a general _____ of the earth
cooling
Groundwater
15
Petroleum exploration
48. The fossiliferous strata record is only the last __% of the earth's history
Sun's gravity
Rock salt
The geological time scale
11
49. The degrees north or south of the equator
New moon
Major oceans
Latitude
Lithosphere
50. The outermost part of the earth's interior is made up of two layers...
Transpiration
Crustal rocks
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Maritime air