Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Traces of ancient life preserved in the strata as shells - footprints - and the like - Soft plant and animal tissues decompose quickly in the presence of decay bacteria - which exist wherever oxygen exists






2. Center: 3000

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3. Typically the tidal mouths of rivers and are often characterized by _____________ or silt carried in from terrestrial runoff - frequently from offshore






4. Maritime tropical (wet - warm air)






5. The motive force behind land breezes and sea/lake breezes - also known as on - or off - shore winds - Land absorbs and radiates heat faster than water - but water releases heat over a longer period of time






6. The fossiliferous strata record is only the last __% of the earth's history






7. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone






8. One tidal cycle per day






9. Around a new or full moon - when the sun - moon - and the earth form a line - the tidal forces due to the sun reinforce those of the moon - The tide's range is at a maximum and is called a spring tide (spring as in 'to jump/leap -' not the season)






10. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the






11. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...






12. The lateral movement of the plates is typically at speeds of ___ mm annually






13. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal






14. A ______________ - such as the Mid - Atlantic Ridge - has examples of volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates pulling apart






15. Loose collections of ice - dust - and small rocky particles - measuring a few kilometers or tens of kilometers across






16. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed






17. The degrees north or south of the equator






18. Somewhat cooler disturbances in the photosphere






19. When the moon is at first quarter or third quarter - the sun - earth and moon form a 90- degree (right) angle with the earth at the vertex - The combined effect of this alignment of the sun - earth - and moon results in tidal ranges on the earth - Wh






20. Igneous rock that forms on the earth's surface - Examples obsidian - basalt - and pumice






21. Occur when two plates push together - Such faults are strong and relatively deep - Where the strongest earthquakes occur Example: mountain building in the Himalayas and the Andes






22. Takes place when the moon passes between the earth and the sun - with the moon blocking the sunlight for about two minutes - A total ___________ may be seen only from a small zone on the earth






23. Gas giants Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus and Neptune have diameters far larger than Earth's and have far greater masses






24. Test the item against materials of known hardness; for example - use your fingernail or the graphite in a pencil to attempt to scratch the items. This process should result in assigning a relative hardness to the unknown items.






25. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)






26. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert






27. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths






28. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...






29. Sun heats water in the oceans - Water evaporates as vapor into the air - Ice and snow can sublimate directly into water vapor...- Over time - the water reenters the ocean - where the water cycle started






30. The cold - water current that flows north to south off the _____________ keeps the West Coast fairly cool during the summer - Cold - water currents create cooler temperatures in areas that would otherwise be much warmer






31. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate






32. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th






33. After the moon has waxed through crescent - quarter - and gibbous phases - a ________ appears - At that time - the moon rises at sunset - and we see all of its illuminated side - Then the phase wanes gradually to another new moon






34. Cirrus - Stratus - Cumulonimbus - Altostratus






35. A region of the earth that has uniform standard time - usually referred to as the local time - divided into standard and daylight saving (or summer)






36. Form when magma or lava cools and solidifies - Depending on the rate of cooling - can contain visible crystals - while others can appear glassy






37. Forms south of the Arctic and is cold






38. Not all runoff flows into rivers; much of it infiltrates into the ground through...






39. 4 terrestrials: Mercury - Venus - Mars - Earth 4 gas giants: Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune At least 5 dwarf planets: Ceres - Pluto - Makemake - Haumea - Eris






40. A semi - closed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it - and with a free connection to the open sea - Often associated with high levels of biological diversity - They are made up of brackish water - Often given names






41. The spectra of distant objects display a red shift - which is interpreted as meaning that they are rapidly receding from us - This apparent expansion of the universe has given rise to the big bang theory of cosmology - in which one primeval mass expl






42. Takes approx. seven and a half earth months to revolve around the sun - Takes approx. eight earth months to rotate on its axis - a day on ________ is longer than a year






43. Ancient astronomers found that eclipses occurred periodically and learned to predict them accurately - Lunar and solar






44. (or summer time zones) include an offset (typically +1 hour) for daylight saving time






45. This scale assigns a fixed number to 10 reference materials. Talc (1) is the softest and diamond (10) is the hardest

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46. A continuous drill would find gas - oil - and water in that order - The three substances occur in their order of density - with the lightest substance on top and the heaviest on the bottom






47. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000






48. The movement of rainwater as it filters through soil and rocks into the ground - becoming groundwater






49. The strength of gravity in our solar system depends on both the masses of the celestial objects and the _______ between them






50. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years