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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The atmosphere is a __________ - and so small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole - This makes it difficult to accurately predict weather more than a few days in advance
La Nina
Chaotic system
Evaporation
Types of galaxies
2. A huge ball of incandescent gases - Its mass is more than 300000 times that of the earth - Principal constituents are the lightest elements - hydrogen and helium
Sun
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Photosphere
lower
3. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the
Groundwater
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
Seasons
Spring tide
4. Darkens the moon as the earth passes between it and the sun - casting a shadow on the moon - may be seen from anywhere the moon is visible - about half of the earth
Orogenic zones
groundwater discharge
Chemical weathering
Lunar eclipse
5. Forms over the Tropics and is warm
Transpiration
Mineral color
Rocky planets and moons
Tropical air
6. Spiral - elliptical - and irregular form are speckled throughout the visible universe - Largest telescope has detected galaxies to its limit of several billion light - years
Sun
Hydrologic cycle
Time zone
Types of galaxies
7. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms
Mineral color
Subduction zones
Weather phenomena on earth
The big bang theory of cosmology
8. Temperature - pressure - and composition
Ways magma can form
Coral reef
- mT
larger planet
9. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000
freshwater springs
Photosphere
Venus
New moon
10. The motive force behind land breezes and sea/lake breezes - also known as on - or off - shore winds - Land absorbs and radiates heat faster than water - but water releases heat over a longer period of time
Differential heating
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
El Nino
11. Earth movements - The result of forces within the earth - where temperature and pressure differences lead to instability
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
Convergent tectonic plates
Air mass
Crustal rocks
12. Rocks are placed into groups according to how they form...
Chaotic system
Distance
- mP
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
13. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal
Photosphere
Semidiurnal
Andromeda galaxy
- cP
14. Characterized by similar temperatures and moisture levels
Air mass
Hydrologic concepts
Law of superposition
Subduction zones
15. Method of using the present to interpret the past - Processes occurring today are observed carefully and their effects are measured - Then - geologists assume that similar effects in ancient rocks were caused by processes similar to those of the pres
Erosion
Uniformitarianism
The big bang theory of cosmology
Inertia
16. Deviates by an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees - Thus - at any given time during summer or winter - one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the sun - This exposure alternates as the earth revolves in its orbit
Axis tilt
Solar radiation
El Nino and La Nina
lower elevation
17. Some water infiltrates deep into the ground and replenishes ________ - which store huge amounts of freshwater for long periods of time
Speed of light
Surface temperature differences
aquifers
Cleavage
18. Texture is important in classifying ______ sedimentary rocks
Subsurface flow
Types of clouds
Clastic
Cleavage
19. The flow of water underground - in the vadose zone and aquifers - Subsurface water may return to the surface (as a spring or by being pumped) or eventually seep into the oceans
Standard time zones
Chaotic system
Minerals
Subsurface flow
20. The result of the buildup of once - living things
Styles of rock deformation
Coral reef
3/4
freshwater
21. The earth is believed to be about ___ billion years old
Short - period comets
5.6
Colder
Minerals
22. Can influence climate by sending tremendous volumes of dust - ash - and smoke into the atmosphere
Examples to support Continental drift theory
Diurnal
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
Speed of light
23. Can thaw and melt - and the ensuing water flows overland as snowmelt
Tidal range
Tides
29.5
Snow packs
24. Maritime tropical (wet - warm air)
Lithosphere
Seasons
- mT
Surface temperature
25. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)
Sublimation
Galactic center
New moon
Evaporation
26. Large - dark clouds that indicate thunderstorms
10000
Cumulonibus clouds
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
29.5
27. Believed to originate at a much greater distance from the Sun - in a cloud (the Oort cloud) consisting of debris left over from the condensation of solar nebula - Comets are thrown from the outer planets or nearby stars - or as a result of collisions
- cT
Long - period comets
Mechanical/physical weathering
Standard time zones
28. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years
Lithosphere
Percolation
10000
Sublimation
29. Some isolated mountains were produced by volcanoes - including many apparently ________ that reach a great height above the ocean floor
- mT
Sedimentary rocks
Small islands
Snowmelt
30. The tendency of a moving object to stay in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place - Without _______ - a planet would be pulled into the sun
Inertia
50-100
Runoff
Metamorphic rocks
31. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon
Continental air
Types of clouds
46%
El Nino
32. Takes approx. seven and a half earth months to revolve around the sun - Takes approx. eight earth months to rotate on its axis - a day on ________ is longer than a year
Tectonic plates
Latitude
Venus
Troposhere
33. Huge systems of stars - Milky Way is estimated to have 100 billion stars arranged in a great disk
Scratch test
Photosphere
Galaxies
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
34. (in descending order of size) the Pacific Ocean - the Atlantic Ocean - the Indian Ocean - the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean
Distance
Erosion
Major oceans
The equator
35. The process of chemical or physical breakdown of earth rocks - soils - and their minerals
Sun's gravity
Weathering
Asteroids
Latitude
36. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away
Comet nuclei
Andromeda galaxy
Climate
Planets
37. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic
Pacific Ring of Fire
Law of superposition
percolation
Mantle plumes
38. Typically the tidal mouths of rivers and are often characterized by _____________ or silt carried in from terrestrial runoff - frequently from offshore
Sedimentation
Long linear arcs
El Nino
Small islands
39. The North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean - and thus its temperature extremes are buffered by the water - The result is that the South Pole is consistently _______ during the southern winter than the North Pole during the northern winter
Transform plate movements
Solar wind
Colder
cooling
40. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through direct contact with atmospheric conditions such as heat - water - ice - and pressure
Mechanical/physical weathering
The earth's structure
Andromeda galaxy
larger planet
41. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow
Groundwater
Subduction zones
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
Altostratus clouds
42. Continental tropical (dry - warm air)
- cT
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Sedimentary rocks
Mineral color
43. The runoff produced by melting snow
Solar radiation
freshwater
Plate tectonics
Snowmelt
44. Tides may be...
Parallax
Rocky planets and moons
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Conglomerates
45. Two types of mountains are formed - depending on how the rock reacts to the tectonic forces
Block mountains or fold mountains
The rock cycle
lower
Plate tectonics
46. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration
Sedimentary rocks
Weathering
Daylight saving time zones
Transpiration
47. Theory that the earth's continents were originally united as a supercontinent - Pangaea - Established by Alfred Wegener in the early 1900s
freshwater springs
Opposite seasons
Continental drift
Sun's gravity
48. Bbreaking along flat surfaces
Groundwater
Cleavage
larger planet
Galactic center
49. Not all runoff flows into rivers; much of it infiltrates into the ground through...
Tides
Snow packs
Parallax
percolation
50. Bodies similar to the sun but immensely distant - Closest stars are 4 light - years away
Stars
Why weather occurs
Deserts
moisture