Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The runoff produced by melting snow






2. Rising air currents take the vapor up into the atmopshere where cooler temperatures cause it to condense into ____






3. Two feldspars (orthoclase and plagioclase) - quartz - olivine - and augite - These five minerals are silicates - built from interlocking silicon and oxygen atoms






4. The movement of rainwater as it filters through soil and rocks into the ground - becoming groundwater






5. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the same area - Atlanta tropical cyclone activity is generally enhanced during La Nina - Often follows the El Nino - especially when the latter is strong






6. Most sediments were deposited in beds that were originally horizontal - and any tilting is due to later earth movements






7. Two types of mountains are formed - depending on how the rock reacts to the tectonic forces






8. The science of the atmosphere and weather






9. Test the item against materials of known hardness; for example - use your fingernail or the graphite in a pencil to attempt to scratch the items. This process should result in assigning a relative hardness to the unknown items.






10. Volcanoes are also found in __________ - where the denser oceanic plates are forced under continental plates; this adds massive volumes of water to the mantle - allowing magma to melt more readily and rise to the surface to form volcanoes






11. Around a new or full moon - when the sun - moon - and the earth form a line - the tidal forces due to the sun reinforce those of the moon - The tide's range is at a maximum and is called a spring tide (spring as in 'to jump/leap -' not the season)






12. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e






13. Comprised of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle - broken up into tectonic plates (7 major and many minor) - ride on the asthenosphere






14. There are approx. _____ days between each lunar cycle






15. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift






16. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the






17. Cirrus - Stratus - Cumulonimbus - Altostratus






18. Not all runoff flows into rivers; much of it infiltrates into the ground through...






19. Stars with the highest ___________ appear blue - while stars with the lowest surface temperature appear red






20. The science that describes and interprets the earth Fields: - Geomorphology (land forms) - Petrology (rocks) - Stratigraphy (layered rocks) - Paleontology (fossils)






21. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...






22. Pulls the planets toward the sun - while their inertia keeps them moving forward in an elliptical orbit around the sun

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23. Temperature - pressure - and composition






24. A continuous drill would find gas - oil - and water in that order - The three substances occur in their order of density - with the lightest substance on top and the heaviest on the bottom






25. The rising of the earth's ocean surface caused by the tidal forces of the moon and the sun acting on the oceans






26. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line






27. Spiral - elliptical - and irregular form are speckled throughout the visible universe - Largest telescope has detected galaxies to its limit of several billion light - years






28. Defined by geometrically subdividing the earth's spheroid into 24 lunes (wedge - shaped sections) - bordered by meridians - each 15






29. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals (also known as biological weathering)






30. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate






31. Maritime polar (wet - cold air)






32. Earth movements - The result of forces within the earth - where temperature and pressure differences lead to instability






33. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an






34. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth






35. Tides may be...






36. Bbreaking along flat surfaces






37. How much matter is in the object






38. Scientists theorize that massive volcanic eruptions on a global scale contributed to the earth's cooling - resulting in the onset of the...






39. A ______________ - such as the Mid - Atlantic Ridge - has examples of volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates pulling apart






40. Ancient astronomers found that eclipses occurred periodically and learned to predict them accurately - Lunar and solar






41. The degrees north or south of the equator






42. Some water infiltrates deep into the ground and replenishes ________ - which store huge amounts of freshwater for long periods of time






43. Comprises one global - interconnected body of salt water often (though generally recognized as several separate oceans) - A continuous body of water with relatively free interchange among its parts






44. Method of using the present to interpret the past - Processes occurring today are observed carefully and their effects are measured - Then - geologists assume that similar effects in ancient rocks were caused by processes similar to those of the pres






45. Typically the tidal mouths of rivers and are often characterized by _____________ or silt carried in from terrestrial runoff - frequently from offshore






46. The outermost part of the earth's interior is made up of two layers...






47. Further caused by the elliptical orbit of the earth - Earth reaches perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the sun) in January - and it reaches aphelion (farthest point from the sun) in July - Also depend on factors such as proximity to oceans






48. The lateral movement of the plates is typically at speeds of ___ mm annually






49. Volcanoes are generally found where ________ are diverging or converging






50. This scale assigns a fixed number to 10 reference materials. Talc (1) is the softest and diamond (10) is the hardest

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