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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Form when magma or lava cools and solidifies - Depending on the rate of cooling - can contain visible crystals - while others can appear glassy
Moon
Rock salt
Surface ocean temperature
Igneous rocks
2. Occur when two plates pull away from each other - Such faults are generally weak and shallow Example: the Mid - Atlantic Range in the Atlantic Ocean
Crustal rocks
Divergent plate movements
larger planet
Petroleum exploration
3. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon
Scratch test
Weathering
46%
Tides
4. A region of the earth that has uniform standard time - usually referred to as the local time - divided into standard and daylight saving (or summer)
Semidiurnal
Cirrus clouds
Inertia
Time zone
5. Solar Atmosphere is divided into the inner chromosphere with explosive prominences and the outer corona - a glowing halo visible only during a total eclipse - Constantly emitting particles as a...
Semidiurnal
Solar wind
Colder
29.5
6. The lateral movement of the plates is typically at speeds of ___ mm annually
50-100
Climate
Gravity and inertia
Galaxies
7. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed
Mantle
The geological time scale
Rock salt
Distance
8. Zero degrees latitude - generally has a tropical climate (warm and wet); at the extreme northern and southern latitudes (polar regions) - the climate is very cold and dry
percolation
Altostratus clouds
The equator
Short - period comets
9. Rising air currents take the vapor up into the atmopshere where cooler temperatures cause it to condense into ____
Longitude
clouds
Latitude
Galaxies
10. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone
Conglomerates
precipitation
groundwater discharge
Cleavage
11. Earth movements - The result of forces within the earth - where temperature and pressure differences lead to instability
Percolation
Crustal rocks
Longitude
Surface temperature differences
12. Refers to the long - term weather patterns of a large geographical area and takes into account temperature - humidity - and precipitation
Planets
Climate
Precipitation
Metamorphic rocks
13. Some infiltration stays close to the land surface and can seep back into surface - water bodies (and the ocean) as...
cooling
groundwater discharge
5.6
Mohs' scale of hardness
14. The rising of the earth's ocean surface caused by the tidal forces of the moon and the sun acting on the oceans
Igneous rocks
Tides
Solar wind
Speed of light
15. Forms over the Tropics and is warm
Venus
Weather phenomena on earth
Comet
Tropical air
16. 1 hour of time
Tectonic plates
15
Venus
Sunspots
17. Somewhat cooler disturbances in the photosphere
Deserts
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Continental air
Sunspots
18. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)
Surface ocean currents
Transform plate movements
Speed of light
Troposhere
19. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration
Transpiration
Tides
Parallax
Colder
20. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years
Intrusive
aquifers
10000
Sun
21. Scientists theorize that massive volcanic eruptions on a global scale contributed to the earth's cooling - resulting in the onset of the...
Ice Age
Eclipses
10000
Smaller regions of the oceans
22. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5
Semidiurnal or diurnal
El Nino and La Nina
Comet
Longitude
23. (in descending order of size) the Pacific Ocean - the Atlantic Ocean - the Indian Ocean - the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean
Major oceans
freshwater
moisture
29.5
24. Bbreaking along flat surfaces
- cT
Galaxies
Cleavage
Distance
25. Takes approx. seven and a half earth months to revolve around the sun - Takes approx. eight earth months to rotate on its axis - a day on ________ is longer than a year
snow
Latitude
Intrusive
Venus
26. Method of using the present to interpret the past - Processes occurring today are observed carefully and their effects are measured - Then - geologists assume that similar effects in ancient rocks were caused by processes similar to those of the pres
Uniformitarianism
Mountain
Surface temperature
Daylight saving time zones
27. Forms over land and is associated with dry air
Continental air
Solar radiation
Gravity and inertia
Examples to support Continental drift theory
28. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line
Gravity and inertia
Comet
Evaporation
clouds
29. A continuous drill would find gas - oil - and water in that order - The three substances occur in their order of density - with the lightest substance on top and the heaviest on the bottom
Long linear arcs
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Petroleum exploration
30. - The materials left over after the rock breaks down combine with organic material - The mineral content is determined by the parent material; thus - a soil derived from a single rock type can often be deficient in one or more minerals for good ferti
Soil
Ice Age
Valley breeze
aquifers
31. There are approx. _____ days between each lunar cycle
Weather phenomena on earth
Canopy interception
29.5
46%
32. Loose collections of ice - dust - and small rocky particles - measuring a few kilometers or tens of kilometers across
Daylight saving time zones
Comet nuclei
Troposhere
Chemical sedimentary rocks
33. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
Seasons
Erosion and land use
Cleavage
34. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000
Ways magma can form
Photosphere
Rock salt
Tidal range
35. Two feldspars (orthoclase and plagioclase) - quartz - olivine - and augite - These five minerals are silicates - built from interlocking silicon and oxygen atoms
Scratch test
Comet
Solar System
The most abundant minerals in the crust
36. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th
- mT
Polar air
El Nino
Why weather occurs
37. The flow of water underground - in the vadose zone and aquifers - Subsurface water may return to the surface (as a spring or by being pumped) or eventually seep into the oceans
11
Venus
Subsurface flow
Continental drift
38. Volcanoes are generally found where ________ are diverging or converging
Altostratus clouds
Transpiration
Tectonic plates
Planets
39. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift
Altostratus clouds
Long linear arcs
Standard time zones
Orogenic zones
40. Typically the tidal mouths of rivers and are often characterized by _____________ or silt carried in from terrestrial runoff - frequently from offshore
Standard time zones
Lithosphere
El Nino and La Nina
Sedimentation
41. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler
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42. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog
Condensation
Speed of light
lower
Solar eclipse
43. Different visual appearance; when discovered - comets show a perceptible coma while asteroids do not
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Intrusive
Altostratus clouds
15
44. Hotspot volcanoes are also found elsewhere in the Solar System - especially on...
Rocky planets and moons
Evaporation
Seasons
Law of original horizontality
45. Seasons are marked by changes in the amount of sunlight - which in turn often cause cycles of dormancy in plants and hibernation in animals - These effects vary with latitude and with proximity to bodies of water
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
The geological time scale
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
Runoff
46. Characterized by similar temperatures and moisture levels
Major oceans
Scratch test
Air mass
Block mountains or fold mountains
47. The outermost part of the earth's interior is made up of two layers...
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Inertia
Continental air
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
48. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an
Seasons
Comet nuclei
Sedimentary rocks
cooling
49. Some water infiltrates deep into the ground and replenishes ________ - which store huge amounts of freshwater for long periods of time
Seasons
Hydrologic cycle
aquifers
freshwater springs
50. On maps - the characteristics of an air mass are represented by two letters: The lowercase letter represents ________ - and the uppercase letter represents temperature
Coral reef
Axis tilt
moisture
Snowmelt