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CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate






2. Some isolated mountains were produced by volcanoes - including many apparently ________ that reach a great height above the ocean floor






3. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e






4. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p






5. Continental tropical (dry - warm air)






6. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy






7. The transformation of water from liquid to gas phases as it moves from the ground or bodies of water into the overlying atmosphere






8. There are approx. _____ days between each lunar cycle






9. A huge ball of incandescent gases - Its mass is more than 300000 times that of the earth - Principal constituents are the lightest elements - hydrogen and helium






10. Loose collections of ice - dust - and small rocky particles - measuring a few kilometers or tens of kilometers across






11. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000






12. Texture is important in classifying ______ sedimentary rocks






13. Some infiltration stays close to the land surface and can seep back into surface - water bodies (and the ocean) as...






14. Most sediments were deposited in beds that were originally horizontal - and any tilting is due to later earth movements






15. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert






16. The lateral movement of the plates is typically at speeds of ___ mm annually






17. One tidal cycle per day






18. The degrees north or south of the equator






19. Featherlike clouds that indicate fair weather






20. Somewhat cooler disturbances in the photosphere






21. Forms south of the Arctic and is cold






22. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...






23. Deviates by an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees - Thus - at any given time during summer or winter - one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the sun - This exposure alternates as the earth revolves in its orbit






24. Air currents move clouds around the globe and cloud particles collide - grow - and fall out of the sky as ________ - Most of it falls back into the oceans or onto land - where the precipitation flows over the ground as surface runoff - portion of run






25. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic






26. Further caused by the elliptical orbit of the earth - Earth reaches perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the sun) in January - and it reaches aphelion (farthest point from the sun) in July - Also depend on factors such as proximity to oceans






27. Bbreaking along flat surfaces






28. Temperature - pressure - and composition






29. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune






30. The layers of sediment deposited in a quiet environment - Common sites of deposition are lakes - deltas at the mouths of rivers - beaches and sandbars along the coast - and (most important) the marine environment






31. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the






32. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift






33. The farther from the tropics you are positioned - the ________ the angle of the sun - This causes those locations to be cooler due to the indirect sunlight






34. The flow of water underground - in the vadose zone and aquifers - Subsurface water may return to the surface (as a spring or by being pumped) or eventually seep into the oceans






35. Hotspot volcanoes are also found elsewhere in the Solar System - especially on...






36. The North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean - and thus its temperature extremes are buffered by the water - The result is that the South Pole is consistently _______ during the southern winter than the North Pole during the northern winter






37. Volcanoes are also found in __________ - where the denser oceanic plates are forced under continental plates; this adds massive volumes of water to the mantle - allowing magma to melt more readily and rise to the surface to form volcanoes






38. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...






39. (in descending order of size) the Pacific Ocean - the Atlantic Ocean - the Indian Ocean - the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean






40. Giant masses of solid rock that float upon the earth's mantle - These plates move in relation to one another at one of three types of plate boundaries...






41. 1 hour of time






42. The evaporation of these oceans is how we get most of our __________ - and their temperature determines our climate and wind patterns






43. Occur when two plates pull away from each other - Such faults are generally weak and shallow Example: the Mid - Atlantic Range in the Atlantic Ocean






44. The Pacific Ring of Fire has examples of volcanoes caused by ___________ coming together






45. Traces of ancient life preserved in the strata as shells - footprints - and the like - Soft plant and animal tissues decompose quickly in the presence of decay bacteria - which exist wherever oxygen exists






46. Volcanoes can be caused by '____________'; these so - called hotspots - as in Hawaii - can occur far from plate boundaries






47. The motive force behind land breezes and sea/lake breezes - also known as on - or off - shore winds - Land absorbs and radiates heat faster than water - but water releases heat over a longer period of time






48. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________






49. Sometimes called minor planets or planetoids - Bodies






50. Precipitation - Canopy interception - Snowmelt - Runoff - Percolation - Subsurface flow- Evaporation - Sublimation - Condensation







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