Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Hotspot volcanoes are also found elsewhere in the Solar System - especially on...






2. Due to a combination of differential heating and geometry - hen the sun rises - it is the tops of the mountain peaks which receive first light - and as the day progresses - the mountain slopes take on a greater heat load than the valleys - This resul






3. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...






4. The earth is believed to be about ___ billion years old






5. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms






6. Occur along plate boundaries






7. Can influence climate by sending tremendous volumes of dust - ash - and smoke into the atmosphere






8. Maritime polar (wet - cold air)






9. Affected by factors such as weathering and impurities






10. The process in which one type of rock changes into another






11. Somewhat cooler disturbances in the photosphere






12. Occurs when the moon sets at sunset - Then the moon is between the earth and the sun - so we see only the dark half of the moon






13. - The materials left over after the rock breaks down combine with organic material - The mineral content is determined by the parent material; thus - a soil derived from a single rock type can often be deficient in one or more minerals for good ferti






14. A major determiner of coastal climate






15. Stars with the highest ___________ appear blue - while stars with the lowest surface temperature appear red






16. A huge ball of incandescent gases - Its mass is more than 300000 times that of the earth - Principal constituents are the lightest elements - hydrogen and helium






17. Continental polar (dry - cold air)






18. Occur when two plates slip past each other - Such faults are generally moderate and are relatively shallow Example: The San Andreas Fault






19. Pulls the planets toward the sun - while their inertia keeps them moving forward in an elliptical orbit around the sun

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20. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years






21. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through direct contact with atmospheric conditions such as heat - water - ice - and pressure






22. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth






23. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted






24. Earth movements - The result of forces within the earth - where temperature and pressure differences lead to instability






25. Sun heats water in the oceans - Water evaporates as vapor into the air - Ice and snow can sublimate directly into water vapor...- Over time - the water reenters the ocean - where the water cycle started






26. Solar Atmosphere is divided into the inner chromosphere with explosive prominences and the outer corona - a glowing halo visible only during a total eclipse - Constantly emitting particles as a...






27. Some isolated mountains were produced by volcanoes - including many apparently ________ that reach a great height above the ocean floor






28. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes






29. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic






30. Defined by geometrically subdividing the earth's spheroid into 24 lunes (wedge - shaped sections) - bordered by meridians - each 15






31. The source of energy for evaporation is primarily through ___________






32. (in descending order of size) the Pacific Ocean - the Atlantic Ocean - the Indian Ocean - the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean






33. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the






34. Precipitation - Canopy interception - Snowmelt - Runoff - Percolation - Subsurface flow- Evaporation - Sublimation - Condensation






35. The outermost part of the earth's interior is made up of two layers...






36. This upslope wind is called a...






37. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths






38. Forms over water and is associated with wet air






39. 4 terrestrials: Mercury - Venus - Mars - Earth 4 gas giants: Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune At least 5 dwarf planets: Ceres - Pluto - Makemake - Haumea - Eris






40. Texture is important in classifying ______ sedimentary rocks






41. The science of the atmosphere and weather






42. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy






43. Volcanoes are also found in __________ - where the denser oceanic plates are forced under continental plates; this adds massive volumes of water to the mantle - allowing magma to melt more readily and rise to the surface to form volcanoes






44. Natural chemical compounds that are the crystals that make up rocks - Each has a specific composition or narrow range of composition






45. Darkens the moon as the earth passes between it and the sun - casting a shadow on the moon - may be seen from anywhere the moon is visible - about half of the earth






46. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift






47. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun






48. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans






49. Smooth layers of low clouds that indicate a chance of drizzle or snow






50. A natural flow of water - usually freshwater - traveling toward an ocean - a lake - or another stream