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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Darkens the moon as the earth passes between it and the sun - casting a shadow on the moon - may be seen from anywhere the moon is visible - about half of the earth
Lunar eclipse
29.5
Gravity and inertia
Types of clouds
2. Largest zone of the planet (68%); crystalline silicates - rich in magnesium - calcium - and iron; very hot and mainly solid - but local melting to magma is the source of volcanic eruptions
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Mantle
Mineral color
Sun's gravity
3. 4 terrestrials: Mercury - Venus - Mars - Earth 4 gas giants: Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune At least 5 dwarf planets: Ceres - Pluto - Makemake - Haumea - Eris
Solar System
The earth's structure
Winter solstice
Erosion and land use
4. Affected by factors such as weathering and impurities
Valley breeze
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Mineral color
Rock salt
5. Seas - gulfs - bays - and other names
Smaller regions of the oceans
Rocky planets and moons
Sun
The most abundant minerals in the crust
6. Occur when two plates push together - Such faults are strong and relatively deep - Where the strongest earthquakes occur Example: mountain building in the Himalayas and the Andes
Venus
Chemical weathering
Convergent plate movements
snow
7. Theory that the earth's continents were originally united as a supercontinent - Pangaea - Established by Alfred Wegener in the early 1900s
Solar wind
Density
Continental drift
Weather phenomena on earth
8. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration
Semidiurnal
Weather phenomena on earth
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Transpiration
9. Rocks are placed into groups according to how they form...
Mantle plumes
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
Rock salt
50-100
10. This scale assigns a fixed number to 10 reference materials. Talc (1) is the softest and diamond (10) is the hardest
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11. Characterized by similar temperatures and moisture levels
Stratus clouds
Solar eclipse
snow
Air mass
12. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Conglomerates
Air mass
Examples to support Continental drift theory
13. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed
The geological time scale
Evapotranspiration
Petroleum exploration
Sedimentation
14. The farther from the tropics you are positioned - the ________ the angle of the sun - This causes those locations to be cooler due to the indirect sunlight
Tidal range
The big bang theory of cosmology
lower
Sun
15. Cause pressure differences - A hot surface heats the air above it and the air expands - lowering the air pressure and its density
Climate
Solar wind
Surface temperature differences
Condensation
16. Condensed water vapor that falls to the earth's surface - Most precipitation occurs as rain - but also includes snow - hail - fog drip - graupel - and sleet
Precipitation
Law of superposition
Eclipses
Semidiurnal
17. The major mountains tend to occur in __________ - indicating tectonic plate boundaries and activity
Andromeda galaxy
Small islands
Climate
Long linear arcs
18. The science of the atmosphere and weather
Scratch test
Meteorology
Speed of light
- cP
19. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon
Snow packs
46%
Altostratus clouds
Intrusive
20. Typically the tidal mouths of rivers and are often characterized by _____________ or silt carried in from terrestrial runoff - frequently from offshore
Cirrus clouds
Sedimentation
Transpiration
aquifers
21. Igneous rock that forms on the earth's surface - Examples obsidian - basalt - and pumice
percolation
46%
Extrusive
Cleavage
22. Comprises one global - interconnected body of salt water often (though generally recognized as several separate oceans) - A continuous body of water with relatively free interchange among its parts
Stratus clouds
Opposite seasons
World/global ocean
Photosphere
23. The Pacific Ring of Fire has examples of volcanoes caused by ___________ coming together
Convergent tectonic plates
Air mass
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Deserts
24. Maritime tropical (wet - warm air)
- mT
Evaporation
Snow packs
Types of galaxies
25. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone
Conglomerates
Cleavage
Mechanical/physical weathering
cooling
26. Not all runoff flows into rivers; much of it infiltrates into the ground through...
Orogenic zones
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
percolation
Mantle
27. Volcanoes are generally found where ________ are diverging or converging
Tectonic plates
Runoff
Altostratus clouds
Long linear arcs
28. The cold - water current that flows north to south off the _____________ keeps the West Coast fairly cool during the summer - Cold - water currents create cooler temperatures in areas that would otherwise be much warmer
Rainfall
Daylight saving time zones
California coast
Galactic center
29. Temperature - pressure - and composition
Lunar eclipse
Minerals
Rock salt
Ways magma can form
30. The lateral movement of the plates is typically at speeds of ___ mm annually
Nuclear fusion
Chaotic system
50-100
lower elevation
31. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes
Deserts
aquifers
Weather phenomena on earth
Crust
32. (or summer time zones) include an offset (typically +1 hour) for daylight saving time
Geology
Erosion
Erosion and land use
Daylight saving time zones
33. Forms over land and is associated with dry air
Coral reef
Continental air
- cT
Rainfall
34. Further caused by the elliptical orbit of the earth - Earth reaches perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the sun) in January - and it reaches aphelion (farthest point from the sun) in July - Also depend on factors such as proximity to oceans
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
Convergent tectonic plates
Hydrologic cycle
35. Test the item against materials of known hardness; for example - use your fingernail or the graphite in a pencil to attempt to scratch the items. This process should result in assigning a relative hardness to the unknown items.
Solar wind
Andromeda galaxy
percolation
Scratch test
36. Large - scale movements of the earth's lithosphere - - The theory encompasses the older concepts of continental drift (first half of 20th century) and seafloor spreading (1960s)
Plate tectonics
aquifers
Hydrologic concepts
Full moon
37. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic
Troposhere
Density
Semidiurnal
Pacific Ring of Fire
38. The process in which one type of rock changes into another
cooling
Mechanical/physical weathering
The rock cycle
Weathering
39. Takes approx. seven and a half earth months to revolve around the sun - Takes approx. eight earth months to rotate on its axis - a day on ________ is longer than a year
11
Venus
Sedimentary rocks
15
40. A huge ball of incandescent gases - Its mass is more than 300000 times that of the earth - Principal constituents are the lightest elements - hydrogen and helium
lower elevation
Sun
Troposhere
Nuclear fusion
41. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...
- cP
Opposite seasons
Plate tectonics
Solar wind
42. Formed by sodium chloride
Galaxies
Latitude
larger planet
Rock salt
43. Faulting and folding
Divergent plate movements
moisture
Styles of rock deformation
Condensation
44. One tidal cycle per day
Diurnal
Equinoxes
Climate
The earth's structure
45. Can thaw and melt - and the ensuing water flows overland as snowmelt
Tectonic plates
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Runoff
Snow packs
46. Pulls the planets toward the sun - while their inertia keeps them moving forward in an elliptical orbit around the sun
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47. Forms over the Tropics and is warm
Air mass
Tropical air
3/4
- cT
48. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms
Styles of rock deformation
Weather phenomena on earth
groundwater discharge
Colder
49. When the moon is at first quarter or third quarter - the sun - earth and moon form a 90- degree (right) angle with the earth at the vertex - The combined effect of this alignment of the sun - earth - and moon results in tidal ranges on the earth - Wh
Comet nuclei
Galaxies
Law of original horizontality
Neap tide/neaps
50. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert
Rain shadow
Gravity and inertia
Continental drift
Plate tectonics