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CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Occurs at the instant when the sun's position in the sky is at its greatest angular distance on the other side of the equatorial plane from the observer's hemisphere - Depending on the shift of the calendar - the winter solstice occurs some time betw






2. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p






3. A ______________ - such as the Mid - Atlantic Ridge - has examples of volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates pulling apart






4. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods






5. The tendency of a moving object to stay in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place - Without _______ - a planet would be pulled into the sun






6. The motive force behind land breezes and sea/lake breezes - also known as on - or off - shore winds - Land absorbs and radiates heat faster than water - but water releases heat over a longer period of time






7. Temperature - pressure - and composition






8. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration






9. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal






10. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes






11. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...

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12. Most sediments were deposited in beds that were originally horizontal - and any tilting is due to later earth movements






13. The result of the buildup of once - living things






14. Solar Atmosphere is divided into the inner chromosphere with explosive prominences and the outer corona - a glowing halo visible only during a total eclipse - Constantly emitting particles as a...






15. Some infiltration stays close to the land surface and can seep back into surface - water bodies (and the ocean) as...






16. Large - dark clouds that indicate thunderstorms






17. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic






18. A region of the earth that has uniform standard time - usually referred to as the local time - divided into standard and daylight saving (or summer)






19. Rocks are placed into groups according to how they form...






20. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line






21. The source of energy for evaporation is primarily through ___________






22. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed






23. Seas - gulfs - bays - and other names






24. Formed from calcium carbonate - also an example of chemical sedimentary rocks - like roock salt - can contain organic or once - living matter and can record the history of that matter's formation in features such as strata - fossil evidence - and rip






25. Test the item against materials of known hardness; for example - use your fingernail or the graphite in a pencil to attempt to scratch the items. This process should result in assigning a relative hardness to the unknown items.






26. Scientists theorize that massive volcanic eruptions on a global scale contributed to the earth's cooling - resulting in the onset of the...






27. Refers to the long - term weather patterns of a large geographical area and takes into account temperature - humidity - and precipitation






28. The outermost part of the earth's interior is made up of two layers...






29. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________






30. The science of the atmosphere and weather






31. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler

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32. Occur when two plates slip past each other - Such faults are generally moderate and are relatively shallow Example: The San Andreas Fault






33. The science that describes and interprets the earth Fields: - Geomorphology (land forms) - Petrology (rocks) - Stratigraphy (layered rocks) - Paleontology (fossils)






34. Seasons are marked by changes in the amount of sunlight - which in turn often cause cycles of dormancy in plants and hibernation in animals - These effects vary with latitude and with proximity to bodies of water






35. Paleontology: Fossil evidence indicates the similarity of fossils on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean - Continental 'jigsaw puzzle': The outlines of the continents seem to fit together






36. Smooth layers of low clouds that indicate a chance of drizzle or snow






37. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000






38. Tides may be...






39. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone






40. The layers of sediment deposited in a quiet environment - Common sites of deposition are lakes - deltas at the mouths of rivers - beaches and sandbars along the coast - and (most important) the marine environment






41. Occur along plate boundaries






42. Occur when two plates push together - Such faults are strong and relatively deep - Where the strongest earthquakes occur Example: mountain building in the Himalayas and the Andes






43. Bodies similar to the sun but immensely distant - Closest stars are 4 light - years away






44. Bbreaking along flat surfaces






45. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans






46. The atmosphere is a __________ - and so small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole - This makes it difficult to accurately predict weather more than a few days in advance






47. Runoff and groundwater are stored as ________ in lakes






48. Some groundwater finds openings in the land surface and emerges as...






49. A major determiner of coastal climate






50. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune







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