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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e
Rock salt
Short - period comets
Equinoxes
Coral reef
2. The layers of sediment deposited in a quiet environment - Common sites of deposition are lakes - deltas at the mouths of rivers - beaches and sandbars along the coast - and (most important) the marine environment
Strata
3/4
Plate tectonics
Valley breeze
3. Water transpired from plants and evaporated from the soil
Scratch test
Differential heating
Colder
Evapotranspiration
4. Occur when two plates pull away from each other - Such faults are generally weak and shallow Example: the Mid - Atlantic Range in the Atlantic Ocean
Divergent plate movements
11
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Nuclear fusion
5. Some infiltration stays close to the land surface and can seep back into surface - water bodies (and the ocean) as...
El Nino and La Nina
Evaporation
groundwater discharge
Law of original horizontality
6. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration
Long linear arcs
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Transpiration
percolation
7. Believed to originate at a much greater distance from the Sun - in a cloud (the Oort cloud) consisting of debris left over from the condensation of solar nebula - Comets are thrown from the outer planets or nearby stars - or as a result of collisions
groundwater discharge
Sun's gravity
Standard time zones
Long - period comets
8. Takes approx. seven and a half earth months to revolve around the sun - Takes approx. eight earth months to rotate on its axis - a day on ________ is longer than a year
Venus
Gravity and inertia
Surface ocean currents
Smaller regions of the oceans
9. Texture is important in classifying ______ sedimentary rocks
Small islands
Opposite seasons
Clastic
Sedimentary rocks
10. Deviates by an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees - Thus - at any given time during summer or winter - one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the sun - This exposure alternates as the earth revolves in its orbit
New moon
Axis tilt
Snow packs
Stratus clouds
11. One tidal cycle per day
Surface temperature differences
- cP
Diurnal
Solar wind
12. Form when magma or lava cools and solidifies - Depending on the rate of cooling - can contain visible crystals - while others can appear glassy
Cleavage
Igneous rocks
Canopy interception
10000
13. (in descending order of size) the Pacific Ocean - the Atlantic Ocean - the Indian Ocean - the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean
Gravity and inertia
Petroleum exploration
Mid - oceanic ridge
Major oceans
14. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Comet
Opposite seasons
Gravity and inertia
15. The runoff produced by melting snow
Distance
Mineral color
clouds
Snowmelt
16. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England
Surface temperature differences
percolation
Longitude
River
17. Take up about 1/3 of the earth's land surface - many are formed by rain shadows - Usually have a large diurnal (day) and seasonal temperature range - with high daytime temperatures
Deserts
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Andromeda galaxy
Climate
18. Classified as warm - water or cold - water currents
aquifers
Latitude
Subsurface flow
Surface ocean currents
19. The best determiner of climate - as it is consistently and directly correlated with temperature - other factors: Rain shadows - as well as water currents - elevation and so forth
Sedimentation
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Latitude
Pacific Ring of Fire
20. - The materials left over after the rock breaks down combine with organic material - The mineral content is determined by the parent material; thus - a soil derived from a single rock type can often be deficient in one or more minerals for good ferti
Tidal range
Sedimentary rocks
Surface temperature differences
Soil
21. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes
Tidal range
Clastic
Weathering
Crust
22. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away
Planets
El Nino
3/4
Andromeda galaxy
23. Formed by sodium chloride
Convergent plate movements
groundwater discharge
Groundwater
Rock salt
24. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow
Altostratus clouds
Petroleum exploration
New moon
Intrusive
25. Bbreaking along flat surfaces
Polar air
Transpiration
Cleavage
precipitation
26. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert
World/global ocean
Rocky planets and moons
El Nino
Rain shadow
27. Test the item against materials of known hardness; for example - use your fingernail or the graphite in a pencil to attempt to scratch the items. This process should result in assigning a relative hardness to the unknown items.
jet stream
Smaller regions of the oceans
Scratch test
Major oceans
28. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun
3/4
Examples to support Continental drift theory
Parallax
Mantle
29. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog
Condensation
Chemical weathering
Clastic
Sun's gravity
30. Forms south of the Arctic and is cold
Polar air
Surface temperature differences
- mP
Sun
31. Tides may be...
Rainfall
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Daylight saving time zones
Mohs' scale of hardness
32. A huge ball of incandescent gases - Its mass is more than 300000 times that of the earth - Principal constituents are the lightest elements - hydrogen and helium
Sun
Crustal rocks
Stars
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
33. 1 hour of time
15
Cumulonibus clouds
Ice Age
El Nino
34. The cold - water current that flows north to south off the _____________ keeps the West Coast fairly cool during the summer - Cold - water currents create cooler temperatures in areas that would otherwise be much warmer
Short - period comets
29.5
Sun's gravity
California coast
35. The tendency of a moving object to stay in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place - Without _______ - a planet would be pulled into the sun
Troposhere
Groundwater
Solar radiation
Inertia
36. Forms over the Tropics and is warm
Valley breeze
Sun
46%
Tropical air
37. Defined by geometrically subdividing the earth's spheroid into 24 lunes (wedge - shaped sections) - bordered by meridians - each 15
Standard time zones
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Surface ocean currents
Daylight saving time zones
38. The source of energy for evaporation is primarily through ___________
Pacific Ring of Fire
Solar radiation
freshwater springs
Sedimentation
39. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth
Petroleum exploration
Intrusive
Moon
Diurnal
40. Stars with the highest ___________ appear blue - while stars with the lowest surface temperature appear red
Moon
Surface temperature
Stars
Volcano
41. Center: 3000
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42. Rocks are placed into groups according to how they form...
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
Surface temperature
Rainfall
Venus
43. The farther from the tropics you are positioned - the ________ the angle of the sun - This causes those locations to be cooler due to the indirect sunlight
Crust
Lunar eclipse
lower
Moon
44. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon
Mantle
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
46%
Ice Age
45. Comprised of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle - broken up into tectonic plates (7 major and many minor) - ride on the asthenosphere
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Lithosphere
Block mountains or fold mountains
Major oceans
46. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an
Distance
Soil
Types of clouds
Sedimentary rocks
47. Continental tropical (dry - warm air)
Conglomerates
Solar radiation
- cT
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
48. Different visual appearance; when discovered - comets show a perceptible coma while asteroids do not
Seasons
percolation
Volcano
The distinction between asteroids and comets
49. Method of using the present to interpret the past - Processes occurring today are observed carefully and their effects are measured - Then - geologists assume that similar effects in ancient rocks were caused by processes similar to those of the pres
Parallax
Uniformitarianism
Eclipses
moisture
50. Seasons are marked by changes in the amount of sunlight - which in turn often cause cycles of dormancy in plants and hibernation in animals - These effects vary with latitude and with proximity to bodies of water
Comet nuclei
freshwater springs
Solar System
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions