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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
La Nina
Mantle
El Nino and La Nina
2. A warm - water current that carries warm water from the Tropics to the Arctic regions of the North Atlantic Ocean - This accounts for higher temperatures and higher humidity on the Eastern Seaboard during the summer
Sedimentation
The Gulf - Stream
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
3. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate
Venus
Major oceans
Block mountains or fold mountains
Metamorphic rocks
4. On maps - the characteristics of an air mass are represented by two letters: The lowercase letter represents ________ - and the uppercase letter represents temperature
Block mountains or fold mountains
Uniformitarianism
moisture
Major oceans
5. The farther from the tropics you are positioned - the ________ the angle of the sun - This causes those locations to be cooler due to the indirect sunlight
Divergent plate movements
larger planet
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
lower
6. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years
Photosphere
10000
Surface ocean currents
Hydrologic cycle
7. Take up about 1/3 of the earth's land surface - many are formed by rain shadows - Usually have a large diurnal (day) and seasonal temperature range - with high daytime temperatures
Time zone
Tidal range
freshwater springs
Deserts
8. An individual weighing 200 lbs on Earth would weigh more on a _______________ - Weight is a function of gravity
Hydrologic concepts
Mechanical/physical weathering
Density
larger planet
9. Bbreaking along flat surfaces
Cleavage
Petroleum exploration
New moon
Valley breeze
10. Some infiltration stays close to the land surface and can seep back into surface - water bodies (and the ocean) as...
Continental drift
Lithosphere
The geological time scale
groundwater discharge
11. Faulting and folding
freshwater springs
Chemical weathering
Fossils
Styles of rock deformation
12. Water transpired from plants and evaporated from the soil
Types of clouds
Evapotranspiration
Small islands
Chemical weathering
13. Can thaw and melt - and the ensuing water flows overland as snowmelt
Earth's crust
Pacific Ring of Fire
Snow packs
Evapotranspiration
14. Around a new or full moon - when the sun - moon - and the earth form a line - the tidal forces due to the sun reinforce those of the moon - The tide's range is at a maximum and is called a spring tide (spring as in 'to jump/leap -' not the season)
Spring tide
Subduction zones
50-100
Fossils
15. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon
Cirrus clouds
Sublimation
46%
Surface temperature
16. Loose collections of ice - dust - and small rocky particles - measuring a few kilometers or tens of kilometers across
Air mass
Intrusive
Photosphere
Comet nuclei
17. Erosion in many places is increased by human land use - Poor land - use practices include deforestation - overgrazing - unmanaged construction activity - and road building
cooling
Moon
Erosion and land use
La Nina
18. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune
Sun's gravity
Equinoxes
Coral reef
Short - period comets
19. Deviates by an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees - Thus - at any given time during summer or winter - one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the sun - This exposure alternates as the earth revolves in its orbit
Small islands
Axis tilt
Standard time zones
Long - period comets
20. Not all runoff flows into rivers; much of it infiltrates into the ground through...
Comet
percolation
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Subduction zones
21. The result of the buildup of once - living things
Coral reef
Rocky planets and moons
freshwater
The earth's structure
22. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration
Rocky planets and moons
Tides
Transpiration
lower
23. The outermost part of the earth's interior is made up of two layers...
Soil
Latitude
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Igneous rocks
24. Continental tropical (dry - warm air)
Geology
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
- cT
Tides
25. There are approx. _____ days between each lunar cycle
29.5
Sublimation
Planets
Air mass
26. Continental polar (dry - cold air)
Mantle
- mP
- cP
Clastic
27. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift
Orogenic zones
- mT
Plate tectonics
29.5
28. The strong temperature contrast between polar and tropical air gives rise to the ________
The rock cycle
Chemical sedimentary rocks
50-100
jet stream
29. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog
Condensation
Tectonic plates
Short - period comets
California coast
30. After the moon has waxed through crescent - quarter - and gibbous phases - a ________ appears - At that time - the moon rises at sunset - and we see all of its illuminated side - Then the phase wanes gradually to another new moon
Mechanical/physical weathering
- mP
Full moon
freshwater springs
31. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...
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32. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the same area - Atlanta tropical cyclone activity is generally enhanced during La Nina - Often follows the El Nino - especially when the latter is strong
La Nina
Small islands
The distinction between asteroids and comets
The earth's structure
33. The fossiliferous strata record is only the last __% of the earth's history
Latitude
11
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Scratch test
34. The cold - water current that flows north to south off the _____________ keeps the West Coast fairly cool during the summer - Cold - water currents create cooler temperatures in areas that would otherwise be much warmer
The Gulf - Stream
Longitude
Mantle
California coast
35. Texture is important in classifying ______ sedimentary rocks
Clastic
Mechanical/physical weathering
Divergent plate movements
Latitude
36. Believed to originate at a much greater distance from the Sun - in a cloud (the Oort cloud) consisting of debris left over from the condensation of solar nebula - Comets are thrown from the outer planets or nearby stars - or as a result of collisions
Long - period comets
Stars
Geology
Cumulonibus clouds
37. Ancient astronomers found that eclipses occurred periodically and learned to predict them accurately - Lunar and solar
Sun's gravity
Altostratus clouds
Eclipses
Coral reef
38. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone
Weathering
Styles of rock deformation
Conglomerates
Transform plate movements
39. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the
Sedimentation
Chemical weathering
The equator
Seasons
40. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Volcano
Condensation
Plate tectonics
41. The process in which one type of rock changes into another
Galaxies
Comet nuclei
Extrusive
The rock cycle
42. Stars with the highest ___________ appear blue - while stars with the lowest surface temperature appear red
Cumulonibus clouds
Percolation
Surface temperature
The geological time scale
43. Some groundwater finds openings in the land surface and emerges as...
freshwater springs
Transform plate movements
Mid - oceanic ridge
Venus
44. A natural flow of water - usually freshwater - traveling toward an ocean - a lake - or another stream
Comet nuclei
River
Maritime air
Transpiration
45. Oceans cover __ of the earth's surface
Tropical air
Rain shadow
3/4
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
46. The science that describes and interprets the earth Fields: - Geomorphology (land forms) - Petrology (rocks) - Stratigraphy (layered rocks) - Paleontology (fossils)
Geology
Hydrologic concepts
Galaxies
Major oceans
47. Rocks are placed into groups according to how they form...
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
Mountain
freshwater
- cP
48. (in descending order of size) the Pacific Ocean - the Atlantic Ocean - the Indian Ocean - the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean
Igneous rocks
Hydrologic concepts
Major oceans
Crust
49. The movement (carrying away or displacement) of solids (sediment - soil - rock - and other particles) - usually by the agents of currents such as wind - water - or ice by downward or down - slope movement in response to gravity
- cP
Weight and mass
Maritime air
Erosion
50. Runoff and groundwater are stored as ________ in lakes
freshwater
Snow packs
Photosphere
Spring tide