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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000
freshwater
Photosphere
cooling
11
2. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy
Surface ocean temperature
Speed of light
Nuclear fusion
Standard time zones
3. Giant masses of solid rock that float upon the earth's mantle - These plates move in relation to one another at one of three types of plate boundaries...
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Lithosphere
Hydrologic concepts
The distinction between asteroids and comets
4. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth
Examples to support Continental drift theory
The geological time scale
Moon
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
5. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away
Crust
Chemical sedimentary rocks
El Nino and La Nina
Andromeda galaxy
6. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods
Long linear arcs
Runoff
Comet
Ways magma can form
7. Forms over land and is associated with dry air
Continental air
Sun
Fossils
Andromeda galaxy
8. Test the item against materials of known hardness; for example - use your fingernail or the graphite in a pencil to attempt to scratch the items. This process should result in assigning a relative hardness to the unknown items.
Scratch test
Winter solstice
Gravity and inertia
Conglomerates
9. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p
Divergent plate movements
Sun
Sunspots
Volcano
10. The major mountains tend to occur in __________ - indicating tectonic plate boundaries and activity
Long linear arcs
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Equinoxes
Solar radiation
11. Sometimes called minor planets or planetoids - Bodies
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
Colder
- mT
Asteroids
12. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...
Weathering
Opposite seasons
Full moon
Asteroids
13. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years
10000
Metamorphic rocks
Winter solstice
Why weather occurs
14. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the same area - Atlanta tropical cyclone activity is generally enhanced during La Nina - Often follows the El Nino - especially when the latter is strong
Conglomerates
Mohs' scale of hardness
La Nina
Weathering
15. An individual weighing 200 lbs on Earth would weigh more on a _______________ - Weight is a function of gravity
larger planet
Maritime air
Surface ocean currents
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
16. Texture is important in classifying ______ sedimentary rocks
Winter solstice
Full moon
- mT
Clastic
17. The degrees north or south of the equator
Lunar eclipse
Solar wind
Geology
Latitude
18. Hotspot volcanoes are also found elsewhere in the Solar System - especially on...
Erosion
lower
Rocky planets and moons
Mountain
19. The Pacific Ring of Fire has examples of volcanoes caused by ___________ coming together
Convergent tectonic plates
The equator
46%
29.5
20. Stars with the highest ___________ appear blue - while stars with the lowest surface temperature appear red
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
lower
Surface temperature
Convergent tectonic plates
21. The farther from the tropics you are positioned - the ________ the angle of the sun - This causes those locations to be cooler due to the indirect sunlight
lower
Seasons
The equator
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
22. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Sublimation
Erosion and land use
Sun's gravity
23. Can influence climate by sending tremendous volumes of dust - ash - and smoke into the atmosphere
Surface temperature differences
Neap tide/neaps
Altostratus clouds
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
24. A ______________ - such as the Mid - Atlantic Ridge - has examples of volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates pulling apart
Short - period comets
Mid - oceanic ridge
Air mass
jet stream
25. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate
Solar System
cooling
Galactic center
Metamorphic rocks
26. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed
Solar radiation
Surface temperature
Troposhere
The geological time scale
27. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through direct contact with atmospheric conditions such as heat - water - ice - and pressure
Venus
Styles of rock deformation
Geology
Mechanical/physical weathering
28. Maritime tropical (wet - warm air)
Mechanical/physical weathering
- mT
Why weather occurs
Density
29. Igneous rock that forms on the earth's surface - Examples obsidian - basalt - and pumice
Cumulonibus clouds
Styles of rock deformation
Extrusive
Long - period comets
30. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
10000
Comet
Why weather occurs
31. The strong temperature contrast between polar and tropical air gives rise to the ________
Coral reef
jet stream
groundwater discharge
Galaxies
32. Theory that the earth's continents were originally united as a supercontinent - Pangaea - Established by Alfred Wegener in the early 1900s
freshwater springs
Continental drift
- mT
Asteroids
33. Comprised of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle - broken up into tectonic plates (7 major and many minor) - ride on the asthenosphere
Speed of light
Lithosphere
Weathering
Continental air
34. Due to a combination of differential heating and geometry - hen the sun rises - it is the tops of the mountain peaks which receive first light - and as the day progresses - the mountain slopes take on a greater heat load than the valleys - This resul
Parallax
Types of galaxies
Stratus clouds
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
35. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line
Pacific Ring of Fire
Condensation
Metamorphic rocks
Gravity and inertia
36. Forms south of the Arctic and is cold
Equinoxes
Daylight saving time zones
Polar air
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
37. Oceans cover __ of the earth's surface
Sedimentation
3/4
Continental drift
Rain shadow
38. When the moon is at first quarter or third quarter - the sun - earth and moon form a 90- degree (right) angle with the earth at the vertex - The combined effect of this alignment of the sun - earth - and moon results in tidal ranges on the earth - Wh
Density
Neap tide/neaps
lower elevation
Surface ocean temperature
39. Comprises one global - interconnected body of salt water often (though generally recognized as several separate oceans) - A continuous body of water with relatively free interchange among its parts
Earth's crust
Long - period comets
World/global ocean
Volcano
40. The result of the buildup of once - living things
Pacific Ring of Fire
Rainfall
Coral reef
Law of original horizontality
41. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...
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42. Large - dark clouds that indicate thunderstorms
Igneous rocks
Metamorphic rocks
Cumulonibus clouds
Mechanical/physical weathering
43. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun
Parallax
Geology
Evaporation
Sedimentary rocks
44. Paleontology: Fossil evidence indicates the similarity of fossils on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean - Continental 'jigsaw puzzle': The outlines of the continents seem to fit together
Cirrus clouds
Metamorphic rocks
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Examples to support Continental drift theory
45. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th
El Nino
Sublimation
11
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
46. The cold - water current that flows north to south off the _____________ keeps the West Coast fairly cool during the summer - Cold - water currents create cooler temperatures in areas that would otherwise be much warmer
Surface temperature differences
Erosion and land use
California coast
Sunspots
47. After the moon has waxed through crescent - quarter - and gibbous phases - a ________ appears - At that time - the moon rises at sunset - and we see all of its illuminated side - Then the phase wanes gradually to another new moon
Full moon
Strata
Rainfall
Eclipses
48. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e
Pacific Ring of Fire
Transpiration
- mP
Equinoxes
49. Occurs when the moon sets at sunset - Then the moon is between the earth and the sun - so we see only the dark half of the moon
Sunspots
Stratus clouds
Air mass
New moon
50. The evaporation of these oceans is how we get most of our __________ - and their temperature determines our climate and wind patterns
Short - period comets
Divergent plate movements
Rainfall
- cT