Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Stars with the highest ___________ appear blue - while stars with the lowest surface temperature appear red






2. Bodies similar to the sun but immensely distant - Closest stars are 4 light - years away






3. Temperature - pressure - and composition






4. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years






5. Large - dark clouds that indicate thunderstorms






6. (or summer time zones) include an offset (typically +1 hour) for daylight saving time






7. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics






8. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)






9. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal






10. The result of the buildup of once - living things






11. Travels in an orbit that is slightly elliptical (oval) - and so the distance from the sun ranges from 91.5 to 94.5 million miles - Its daily rotation deforms the earth to a flattened spheroid - with a polar radius slightly less than the equatorial ra






12. Zero degrees latitude - generally has a tropical climate (warm and wet); at the extreme northern and southern latitudes (polar regions) - the climate is very cold and dry






13. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years






14. Largest zone of the planet (68%); crystalline silicates - rich in magnesium - calcium - and iron; very hot and mainly solid - but local melting to magma is the source of volcanic eruptions






15. Water transpired from plants and evaporated from the soil






16. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e






17. Theory that the earth's continents were originally united as a supercontinent - Pangaea - Established by Alfred Wegener in the early 1900s






18. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog






19. Runoff and groundwater are stored as ________ in lakes






20. Some precipitation falls as ____ and can accumulate as ice caps and glaciers - which can store water for thousands of years






21. The science of the atmosphere and weather






22. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away






23. Continental polar (dry - cold air)






24. Around a new or full moon - when the sun - moon - and the earth form a line - the tidal forces due to the sun reinforce those of the moon - The tide's range is at a maximum and is called a spring tide (spring as in 'to jump/leap -' not the season)






25. The source of energy for evaporation is primarily through ___________






26. Method of using the present to interpret the past - Processes occurring today are observed carefully and their effects are measured - Then - geologists assume that similar effects in ancient rocks were caused by processes similar to those of the pres






27. The lateral movement of the plates is typically at speeds of ___ mm annually






28. Comprised of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle - broken up into tectonic plates (7 major and many minor) - ride on the asthenosphere






29. Classified as warm - water or cold - water currents






30. Featherlike clouds that indicate fair weather






31. Cirrus - Stratus - Cumulonimbus - Altostratus






32. The difference between levels of ocean water at high and low tides






33. Two types of mountains are formed - depending on how the rock reacts to the tectonic forces






34. Formed by sodium chloride






35. Loose collections of ice - dust - and small rocky particles - measuring a few kilometers or tens of kilometers across






36. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon






37. The resulting dust layer would act as a shield - blocking out much of the sun's rays - This would result in lower global temperatures and a general _____ of the earth






38. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p






39. Take up about 1/3 of the earth's land surface - many are formed by rain shadows - Usually have a large diurnal (day) and seasonal temperature range - with high daytime temperatures






40. 1 hour of time






41. Giant masses of solid rock that float upon the earth's mantle - These plates move in relation to one another at one of three types of plate boundaries...






42. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler

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43. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)






44. This scale assigns a fixed number to 10 reference materials. Talc (1) is the softest and diamond (10) is the hardest

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45. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow






46. The fossiliferous strata record is only the last __% of the earth's history






47. The cold - water current that flows north to south off the _____________ keeps the West Coast fairly cool during the summer - Cold - water currents create cooler temperatures in areas that would otherwise be much warmer






48. Occurs at the instant when the sun's position in the sky is at its greatest angular distance on the other side of the equatorial plane from the observer's hemisphere - Depending on the shift of the calendar - the winter solstice occurs some time betw






49. Younger beds were originally deposited above older beds






50. Seasons are marked by changes in the amount of sunlight - which in turn often cause cycles of dormancy in plants and hibernation in animals - These effects vary with latitude and with proximity to bodies of water