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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Seas - gulfs - bays - and other names
Minerals
Venus
Rainfall
Smaller regions of the oceans
2. Igneous rock that forms on the earth's surface - Examples obsidian - basalt - and pumice
Percolation
Subduction zones
Seasons
Extrusive
3. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through direct contact with atmospheric conditions such as heat - water - ice - and pressure
Mechanical/physical weathering
Uniformitarianism
Precipitation
Equinoxes
4. Two feldspars (orthoclase and plagioclase) - quartz - olivine - and augite - These five minerals are silicates - built from interlocking silicon and oxygen atoms
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Semidiurnal
Andromeda galaxy
Fossils
5. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods
Evaporation
Tectonic plates
Comet
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
6. The outermost part of the earth's interior is made up of two layers...
Evapotranspiration
Mountain
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
7. Volcanoes can be caused by '____________'; these so - called hotspots - as in Hawaii - can occur far from plate boundaries
Daylight saving time zones
Troposhere
Mantle plumes
Seasons
8. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)
percolation
The geological time scale
Law of original horizontality
Sublimation
9. Maritime polar (wet - cold air)
- mP
Erosion
Earth
Troposhere
10. Classified as warm - water or cold - water currents
Mountain
Stratus clouds
clouds
Surface ocean currents
11. The runoff produced by melting snow
Orogenic zones
Ice Age
Longitude
Snowmelt
12. (in descending order of size) the Pacific Ocean - the Atlantic Ocean - the Indian Ocean - the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean
46%
Major oceans
Subduction zones
11
13. 4 terrestrials: Mercury - Venus - Mars - Earth 4 gas giants: Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune At least 5 dwarf planets: Ceres - Pluto - Makemake - Haumea - Eris
Solar System
Geology
Types of clouds
The rock cycle
14. Affected by factors such as weathering and impurities
Eclipses
Cleavage
Mineral color
Long linear arcs
15. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures
lower elevation
Mountain
snow
Opposite seasons
16. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away
Air mass
Examples to support Continental drift theory
- cP
Andromeda galaxy
17. Forms over land and is associated with dry air
Continental air
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
46%
Mantle
18. Comprises one global - interconnected body of salt water often (though generally recognized as several separate oceans) - A continuous body of water with relatively free interchange among its parts
Snow packs
Valley breeze
World/global ocean
46%
19. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift
Tropical air
Equinoxes
Intrusive
Orogenic zones
20. A region of the earth that has uniform standard time - usually referred to as the local time - divided into standard and daylight saving (or summer)
Crust
Continental drift
Time zone
Block mountains or fold mountains
21. Test the item against materials of known hardness; for example - use your fingernail or the graphite in a pencil to attempt to scratch the items. This process should result in assigning a relative hardness to the unknown items.
Strata
Coral reef
Scratch test
Weight and mass
22. The science of the atmosphere and weather
Canopy interception
Hydrologic concepts
Runoff
Meteorology
23. Continental tropical (dry - warm air)
cooling
Subduction zones
Mantle
- cT
24. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate
Metamorphic rocks
Solar radiation
El Nino and La Nina
Convergent tectonic plates
25. A ______________ - such as the Mid - Atlantic Ridge - has examples of volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates pulling apart
The rock cycle
Valley breeze
Mid - oceanic ridge
Differential heating
26. Water transpired from plants and evaporated from the soil
Time zone
Evapotranspiration
Latitude
Pacific Ring of Fire
27. Solar Atmosphere is divided into the inner chromosphere with explosive prominences and the outer corona - a glowing halo visible only during a total eclipse - Constantly emitting particles as a...
Solar wind
Canopy interception
The equator
Rain shadow
28. Can influence climate by sending tremendous volumes of dust - ash - and smoke into the atmosphere
Planets
Styles of rock deformation
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
Transpiration
29. Cause pressure differences - A hot surface heats the air above it and the air expands - lowering the air pressure and its density
Mountain
Hydrologic cycle
Surface temperature differences
Subduction zones
30. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000
Condensation
Sun
Photosphere
Weathering
31. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...
Sun
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Long linear arcs
Equinoxes
32. Traces of ancient life preserved in the strata as shells - footprints - and the like - Soft plant and animal tissues decompose quickly in the presence of decay bacteria - which exist wherever oxygen exists
Full moon
Fossils
precipitation
50-100
33. Temperature - pressure - and composition
Examples to support Continental drift theory
The earth's structure
Axis tilt
Ways magma can form
34. Comprised of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle - broken up into tectonic plates (7 major and many minor) - ride on the asthenosphere
El Nino and La Nina
Lithosphere
- cT
Mountain
35. A major determiner of coastal climate
Snowmelt
Subsurface flow
Surface ocean temperature
Opposite seasons
36. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed
- mP
The geological time scale
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Troposhere
37. Hotspot volcanoes are also found elsewhere in the Solar System - especially on...
Chaotic system
Rocky planets and moons
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Short - period comets
38. A land form that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area - with a peak - Usually produced by the movement of lithospheric plates
Weather phenomena on earth
Moon
Soil
Mountain
39. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the
Ice Age
Seasons
Long linear arcs
Mantle
40. Different visual appearance; when discovered - comets show a perceptible coma while asteroids do not
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Chemical weathering
Sun's gravity
Law of original horizontality
41. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5
Mid - oceanic ridge
Cirrus clouds
El Nino and La Nina
Snow packs
42. Rocks are placed into groups according to how they form...
Tropical air
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
Conglomerates
Rain shadow
43. Can thaw and melt - and the ensuing water flows overland as snowmelt
Earth's crust
Snow packs
Differential heating
Uniformitarianism
44. Younger beds were originally deposited above older beds
Mohs' scale of hardness
New moon
11
Law of superposition
45. The tendency of a moving object to stay in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place - Without _______ - a planet would be pulled into the sun
Troposhere
larger planet
Comet nuclei
Inertia
46. Occurs at the instant when the sun's position in the sky is at its greatest angular distance on the other side of the equatorial plane from the observer's hemisphere - Depending on the shift of the calendar - the winter solstice occurs some time betw
Weather phenomena on earth
Winter solstice
The rock cycle
Chemical sedimentary rocks
47. When the moon is at first quarter or third quarter - the sun - earth and moon form a 90- degree (right) angle with the earth at the vertex - The combined effect of this alignment of the sun - earth - and moon results in tidal ranges on the earth - Wh
Pacific Ring of Fire
Neap tide/neaps
Semidiurnal or diurnal
- cP
48. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth
Moon
Standard time zones
Long - period comets
Intrusive
49. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun
Conglomerates
Venus
Chemical weathering
Parallax
50. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow
Altostratus clouds
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Solar wind
New moon