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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________
moisture
Types of clouds
Galactic center
Parallax
2. Occur when two plates push together - Such faults are strong and relatively deep - Where the strongest earthquakes occur Example: mountain building in the Himalayas and the Andes
Semidiurnal
Convergent plate movements
Solar wind
Polar air
3. The movement (carrying away or displacement) of solids (sediment - soil - rock - and other particles) - usually by the agents of currents such as wind - water - or ice by downward or down - slope movement in response to gravity
Erosion
10000
Sunspots
cooling
4. Paleontology: Fossil evidence indicates the similarity of fossils on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean - Continental 'jigsaw puzzle': The outlines of the continents seem to fit together
Examples to support Continental drift theory
Tropical air
Extrusive
lower elevation
5. Temperature - pressure - and composition
moisture
29.5
Ways magma can form
15
6. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic
Longitude
Snowmelt
Fossils
Pacific Ring of Fire
7. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth
29.5
Moon
Axis tilt
Groundwater
8. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed
The geological time scale
Polar air
Why weather occurs
Small islands
9. Volcanoes are also found in __________ - where the denser oceanic plates are forced under continental plates; this adds massive volumes of water to the mantle - allowing magma to melt more readily and rise to the surface to form volcanoes
Orogenic zones
Inertia
snow
Subduction zones
10. Largest zone of the planet (68%); crystalline silicates - rich in magnesium - calcium - and iron; very hot and mainly solid - but local melting to magma is the source of volcanic eruptions
Sedimentary rocks
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Mantle
Sedimentation
11. 186000 miles/second
Mid - oceanic ridge
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Speed of light
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
12. Large - dark clouds that indicate thunderstorms
Cumulonibus clouds
lower
Solar wind
moisture
13. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the same area - Atlanta tropical cyclone activity is generally enhanced during La Nina - Often follows the El Nino - especially when the latter is strong
La Nina
Evaporation
Tectonic plates
Tidal range
14. Faulting and folding
Convergent plate movements
Clastic
Subduction zones
Styles of rock deformation
15. Zero degrees latitude - generally has a tropical climate (warm and wet); at the extreme northern and southern latitudes (polar regions) - the climate is very cold and dry
Meteorology
The equator
Short - period comets
Minerals
16. The degrees north or south of the equator
Styles of rock deformation
Latitude
Andromeda galaxy
Rain shadow
17. Continental tropical (dry - warm air)
The big bang theory of cosmology
- cT
Maritime air
Weight and mass
18. The flow of water underground - in the vadose zone and aquifers - Subsurface water may return to the surface (as a spring or by being pumped) or eventually seep into the oceans
Mantle
Air mass
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Subsurface flow
19. (or summer time zones) include an offset (typically +1 hour) for daylight saving time
Smaller regions of the oceans
Daylight saving time zones
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
precipitation
20. 1 hour of time
Parallax
15
11
Coral reef
21. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away
Major oceans
Andromeda galaxy
Convergent plate movements
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
22. Classified as warm - water or cold - water currents
Condensation
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Surface temperature
Surface ocean currents
23. When the moon is at first quarter or third quarter - the sun - earth and moon form a 90- degree (right) angle with the earth at the vertex - The combined effect of this alignment of the sun - earth - and moon results in tidal ranges on the earth - Wh
Inertia
Differential heating
Neap tide/neaps
The earth's structure
24. Forms over water and is associated with wet air
Maritime air
The rock cycle
Comet nuclei
freshwater springs
25. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted
precipitation
Runoff
Continental drift
Weather phenomena on earth
26. - The materials left over after the rock breaks down combine with organic material - The mineral content is determined by the parent material; thus - a soil derived from a single rock type can often be deficient in one or more minerals for good ferti
jet stream
Soil
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
snow
27. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow
15
Weight and mass
Altostratus clouds
Canopy interception
28. Can thaw and melt - and the ensuing water flows overland as snowmelt
Hydrologic cycle
Photosphere
Snow packs
Types of clouds
29. Precipitation - Canopy interception - Snowmelt - Runoff - Percolation - Subsurface flow- Evaporation - Sublimation - Condensation
Hydrologic concepts
- mP
El Nino
Snowmelt
30. How much matter is in the object
Andromeda galaxy
Block mountains or fold mountains
Sublimation
Density
31. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th
Orogenic zones
Ice Age
El Nino
Small islands
32. Igneous rock that forms on the earth's surface - Examples obsidian - basalt - and pumice
Extrusive
Cleavage
Weather phenomena on earth
Percolation
33. Hotspot volcanoes are also found elsewhere in the Solar System - especially on...
Rocky planets and moons
The earth's structure
Minerals
Snow packs
34. Further caused by the elliptical orbit of the earth - Earth reaches perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the sun) in January - and it reaches aphelion (farthest point from the sun) in July - Also depend on factors such as proximity to oceans
Semidiurnal
Mohs' scale of hardness
- mT
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
35. One tidal cycle per day
Gravity and inertia
46%
Diurnal
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
36. Typically the tidal mouths of rivers and are often characterized by _____________ or silt carried in from terrestrial runoff - frequently from offshore
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Sedimentation
Moon
Maritime air
37. The evaporation of these oceans is how we get most of our __________ - and their temperature determines our climate and wind patterns
Galaxies
Runoff
Latitude
Rainfall
38. The process in which one type of rock changes into another
Condensation
Asteroids
The rock cycle
Examples to support Continental drift theory
39. Stars with the highest ___________ appear blue - while stars with the lowest surface temperature appear red
Scratch test
Sedimentation
Solar wind
Surface temperature
40. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert
Rain shadow
Inertia
Subduction zones
Sedimentary rocks
41. Characterized by similar temperatures and moisture levels
Time zone
Air mass
Percolation
Precipitation
42. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog
World/global ocean
Diurnal
Cleavage
Condensation
43. Two feldspars (orthoclase and plagioclase) - quartz - olivine - and augite - These five minerals are silicates - built from interlocking silicon and oxygen atoms
The most abundant minerals in the crust
The big bang theory of cosmology
Smaller regions of the oceans
3/4
44. Occur when two plates pull away from each other - Such faults are generally weak and shallow Example: the Mid - Atlantic Range in the Atlantic Ocean
Surface ocean currents
Differential heating
Divergent plate movements
Rocky planets and moons
45. Some groundwater finds openings in the land surface and emerges as...
freshwater springs
Evapotranspiration
- mP
Erosion and land use
46. The North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean - and thus its temperature extremes are buffered by the water - The result is that the South Pole is consistently _______ during the southern winter than the North Pole during the northern winter
Subduction zones
Colder
Winter solstice
Mountain
47. Maritime tropical (wet - warm air)
Cleavage
Chaotic system
- mT
Fossils
48. Forms south of the Arctic and is cold
Air mass
Weight and mass
Weather phenomena on earth
Polar air
49. Volcanoes can be caused by '____________'; these so - called hotspots - as in Hawaii - can occur far from plate boundaries
Scratch test
Parallax
Moon
Mantle plumes
50. Test the item against materials of known hardness; for example - use your fingernail or the graphite in a pencil to attempt to scratch the items. This process should result in assigning a relative hardness to the unknown items.
La Nina
Petroleum exploration
Scratch test
Weathering