Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Not all runoff flows into rivers; much of it infiltrates into the ground through...






2. The outermost part of the earth's interior is made up of two layers...






3. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away






4. A ______________ - such as the Mid - Atlantic Ridge - has examples of volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates pulling apart






5. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics






6. Due to a combination of differential heating and geometry - hen the sun rises - it is the tops of the mountain peaks which receive first light - and as the day progresses - the mountain slopes take on a greater heat load than the valleys - This resul






7. Maritime polar (wet - cold air)






8. Occur when two plates pull away from each other - Such faults are generally weak and shallow Example: the Mid - Atlantic Range in the Atlantic Ocean






9. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed






10. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert






11. Smooth layers of low clouds that indicate a chance of drizzle or snow






12. Some precipitation falls as ____ and can accumulate as ice caps and glaciers - which can store water for thousands of years






13. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures






14. The resulting dust layer would act as a shield - blocking out much of the sun's rays - This would result in lower global temperatures and a general _____ of the earth






15. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal






16. Largest zone of the planet (68%); crystalline silicates - rich in magnesium - calcium - and iron; very hot and mainly solid - but local melting to magma is the source of volcanic eruptions






17. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________






18. The movement of rainwater as it filters through soil and rocks into the ground - becoming groundwater






19. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone






20. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods






21. Stars with the highest ___________ appear blue - while stars with the lowest surface temperature appear red






22. The source of energy for evaporation is primarily through ___________






23. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000






24. Rocks are placed into groups according to how they form...






25. Formed from calcium carbonate - also an example of chemical sedimentary rocks - like roock salt - can contain organic or once - living matter and can record the history of that matter's formation in features such as strata - fossil evidence - and rip






26. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate






27. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy






28. Precipitation - Canopy interception - Snowmelt - Runoff - Percolation - Subsurface flow- Evaporation - Sublimation - Condensation






29. Runoff and groundwater are stored as ________ in lakes






30. Take up about 1/3 of the earth's land surface - many are formed by rain shadows - Usually have a large diurnal (day) and seasonal temperature range - with high daytime temperatures






31. Occurs when the moon sets at sunset - Then the moon is between the earth and the sun - so we see only the dark half of the moon






32. Volcanoes are generally found where ________ are diverging or converging






33. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths






34. Test the item against materials of known hardness; for example - use your fingernail or the graphite in a pencil to attempt to scratch the items. This process should result in assigning a relative hardness to the unknown items.






35. Bodies similar to the sun but immensely distant - Closest stars are 4 light - years away






36. The lateral movement of the plates is typically at speeds of ___ mm annually






37. Two types of mountains are formed - depending on how the rock reacts to the tectonic forces






38. Temperature - pressure - and composition






39. Occur when two plates slip past each other - Such faults are generally moderate and are relatively shallow Example: The San Andreas Fault






40. Two feldspars (orthoclase and plagioclase) - quartz - olivine - and augite - These five minerals are silicates - built from interlocking silicon and oxygen atoms






41. The runoff produced by melting snow






42. Faulting and folding






43. Giant masses of solid rock that float upon the earth's mantle - These plates move in relation to one another at one of three types of plate boundaries...






44. Center: 3000

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45. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e






46. Traces of ancient life preserved in the strata as shells - footprints - and the like - Soft plant and animal tissues decompose quickly in the presence of decay bacteria - which exist wherever oxygen exists






47. Can influence climate by sending tremendous volumes of dust - ash - and smoke into the atmosphere






48. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration






49. Somewhat cooler disturbances in the photosphere






50. Rising air currents take the vapor up into the atmopshere where cooler temperatures cause it to condense into ____