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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The process in which one type of rock changes into another
Erosion and land use
Divergent plate movements
The rock cycle
Percolation
2. Formed by sodium chloride
Rock salt
clouds
Uniformitarianism
Law of original horizontality
3. (in descending order of size) the Pacific Ocean - the Atlantic Ocean - the Indian Ocean - the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean
Troposhere
Major oceans
Sublimation
Full moon
4. Zero degrees latitude - generally has a tropical climate (warm and wet); at the extreme northern and southern latitudes (polar regions) - the climate is very cold and dry
Moon
The equator
Sun
Seasons
5. Stars with the highest ___________ appear blue - while stars with the lowest surface temperature appear red
freshwater springs
Surface temperature
Mohs' scale of hardness
Canopy interception
6. The Pacific Ring of Fire has examples of volcanoes caused by ___________ coming together
Convergent tectonic plates
Time zone
Block mountains or fold mountains
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
7. Temperature - pressure - and composition
Metamorphic rocks
Continental air
Ways magma can form
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
8. A major determiner of coastal climate
Surface ocean temperature
Mountain
Planets
Differential heating
9. The motive force behind land breezes and sea/lake breezes - also known as on - or off - shore winds - Land absorbs and radiates heat faster than water - but water releases heat over a longer period of time
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Full moon
Differential heating
29.5
10. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away
Subsurface flow
Andromeda galaxy
- cP
Troposhere
11. One tidal cycle per day
Diurnal
Long - period comets
Solar System
Earth
12. Method of using the present to interpret the past - Processes occurring today are observed carefully and their effects are measured - Then - geologists assume that similar effects in ancient rocks were caused by processes similar to those of the pres
Colder
The geological time scale
Cleavage
Uniformitarianism
13. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes
Crust
15
Full moon
46%
14. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...
Opposite seasons
Galaxies
Stars
Weathering
15. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)
Cleavage
Equinoxes
El Nino and La Nina
Troposhere
16. Theory that the earth's continents were originally united as a supercontinent - Pangaea - Established by Alfred Wegener in the early 1900s
El Nino and La Nina
Climate
Canopy interception
Continental drift
17. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through direct contact with atmospheric conditions such as heat - water - ice - and pressure
Petroleum exploration
Mechanical/physical weathering
Time zone
moisture
18. An individual weighing 200 lbs on Earth would weigh more on a _______________ - Weight is a function of gravity
moisture
Rainfall
The rock cycle
larger planet
19. Some water infiltrates deep into the ground and replenishes ________ - which store huge amounts of freshwater for long periods of time
aquifers
Time zone
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
Ways magma can form
20. Air currents move clouds around the globe and cloud particles collide - grow - and fall out of the sky as ________ - Most of it falls back into the oceans or onto land - where the precipitation flows over the ground as surface runoff - portion of run
La Nina
precipitation
California coast
Chemical sedimentary rocks
21. - The materials left over after the rock breaks down combine with organic material - The mineral content is determined by the parent material; thus - a soil derived from a single rock type can often be deficient in one or more minerals for good ferti
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
Short - period comets
Soil
29.5
22. Form when magma or lava cools and solidifies - Depending on the rate of cooling - can contain visible crystals - while others can appear glassy
Density
Igneous rocks
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Galactic center
23. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures
freshwater springs
Seasons
River
lower elevation
24. Two feldspars (orthoclase and plagioclase) - quartz - olivine - and augite - These five minerals are silicates - built from interlocking silicon and oxygen atoms
Photosphere
Speed of light
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
The most abundant minerals in the crust
25. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune
Short - period comets
Eclipses
Hydrologic cycle
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
26. The strength of gravity in our solar system depends on both the masses of the celestial objects and the _______ between them
Cumulonibus clouds
Continental drift
Groundwater
Distance
27. A ______________ - such as the Mid - Atlantic Ridge - has examples of volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates pulling apart
Climate
Mid - oceanic ridge
Petroleum exploration
Maritime air
28. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms
El Nino and La Nina
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Groundwater
Weather phenomena on earth
29. The science of the atmosphere and weather
Rock salt
Meteorology
Percolation
New moon
30. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon
Chaotic system
46%
Hydrologic concepts
Tidal range
31. On maps - the characteristics of an air mass are represented by two letters: The lowercase letter represents ________ - and the uppercase letter represents temperature
Limestone
Uniformitarianism
moisture
Mantle plumes
32. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun
Examples to support Continental drift theory
Parallax
Sublimation
Semidiurnal
33. A huge ball of incandescent gases - Its mass is more than 300000 times that of the earth - Principal constituents are the lightest elements - hydrogen and helium
Sun
Tides
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Deserts
34. Giant masses of solid rock that float upon the earth's mantle - These plates move in relation to one another at one of three types of plate boundaries...
The geological time scale
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Spring tide
Types of galaxies
35. Bbreaking along flat surfaces
Cleavage
Parallax
Hydrologic cycle
The rock cycle
36. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics
Plate tectonics
precipitation
Inertia
Why weather occurs
37. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog
Surface temperature
Condensation
Galactic center
Spring tide
38. Hotspot volcanoes are also found elsewhere in the Solar System - especially on...
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
5.6
Rocky planets and moons
Styles of rock deformation
39. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an
Lithosphere
Law of original horizontality
Seasons
Sedimentary rocks
40. Rising air currents take the vapor up into the atmopshere where cooler temperatures cause it to condense into ____
clouds
Scratch test
The rock cycle
Rain shadow
41. Igneous rock that forms on the earth's surface - Examples obsidian - basalt - and pumice
percolation
Cirrus clouds
Extrusive
Surface ocean temperature
42. Forms over the Tropics and is warm
Full moon
Tropical air
Continental drift
Longitude
43. Younger beds were originally deposited above older beds
Venus
Law of superposition
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
The big bang theory of cosmology
44. Largest zone of the planet (68%); crystalline silicates - rich in magnesium - calcium - and iron; very hot and mainly solid - but local melting to magma is the source of volcanic eruptions
Mantle
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Major oceans
The Gulf - Stream
45. (or summer time zones) include an offset (typically +1 hour) for daylight saving time
Daylight saving time zones
Opposite seasons
Strata
Troposhere
46. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th
Scratch test
Minerals
Metamorphic rocks
El Nino
47. There are approx. _____ days between each lunar cycle
Lunar eclipse
15
The rock cycle
29.5
48. This upslope wind is called a...
Mountain
Runoff
Valley breeze
Daylight saving time zones
49. A natural flow of water - usually freshwater - traveling toward an ocean - a lake - or another stream
3/4
Law of superposition
precipitation
River
50. Volcanoes are also found in __________ - where the denser oceanic plates are forced under continental plates; this adds massive volumes of water to the mantle - allowing magma to melt more readily and rise to the surface to form volcanoes
Surface temperature
Weight and mass
Subduction zones
Types of clouds