Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Occur when two plates pull away from each other - Such faults are generally weak and shallow Example: the Mid - Atlantic Range in the Atlantic Ocean






2. The process of chemical or physical breakdown of earth rocks - soils - and their minerals






3. Loose collections of ice - dust - and small rocky particles - measuring a few kilometers or tens of kilometers across






4. Can thaw and melt - and the ensuing water flows overland as snowmelt






5. The strength of gravity in our solar system depends on both the masses of the celestial objects and the _______ between them






6. The science of the atmosphere and weather






7. Center: 3000

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8. Deviates by an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees - Thus - at any given time during summer or winter - one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the sun - This exposure alternates as the earth revolves in its orbit






9. The farther from the tropics you are positioned - the ________ the angle of the sun - This causes those locations to be cooler due to the indirect sunlight






10. Not all runoff flows into rivers; much of it infiltrates into the ground through...






11. The precipitation that is intercepted by plant foliage and eventually evaporates back to the atmosphere rather than falling to the ground






12. Temperature - pressure - and composition






13. Smooth layers of low clouds that indicate a chance of drizzle or snow






14. Bodies similar to the sun but immensely distant - Closest stars are 4 light - years away






15. Large - scale movements of the earth's lithosphere - - The theory encompasses the older concepts of continental drift (first half of 20th century) and seafloor spreading (1960s)






16. A continuous drill would find gas - oil - and water in that order - The three substances occur in their order of density - with the lightest substance on top and the heaviest on the bottom






17. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans






18. Believed to originate at a much greater distance from the Sun - in a cloud (the Oort cloud) consisting of debris left over from the condensation of solar nebula - Comets are thrown from the outer planets or nearby stars - or as a result of collisions






19. When the moon is at first quarter or third quarter - the sun - earth and moon form a 90- degree (right) angle with the earth at the vertex - The combined effect of this alignment of the sun - earth - and moon results in tidal ranges on the earth - Wh






20. Most sediments were deposited in beds that were originally horizontal - and any tilting is due to later earth movements






21. The process in which one type of rock changes into another






22. The result of the buildup of once - living things






23. Forms over water and is associated with wet air






24. The strong temperature contrast between polar and tropical air gives rise to the ________






25. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...






26. Precipitation - Canopy interception - Snowmelt - Runoff - Percolation - Subsurface flow- Evaporation - Sublimation - Condensation






27. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years






28. Classified as warm - water or cold - water currents






29. Test the item against materials of known hardness; for example - use your fingernail or the graphite in a pencil to attempt to scratch the items. This process should result in assigning a relative hardness to the unknown items.






30. The fossiliferous strata record is only the last __% of the earth's history






31. Tides may be...






32. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted






33. The motive force behind land breezes and sea/lake breezes - also known as on - or off - shore winds - Land absorbs and radiates heat faster than water - but water releases heat over a longer period of time






34. Divided into two main types: large - low- density gas giants and smaller - rocky terrestrials - There are at least 341 identified _______ - 8 of which are in the Solar System






35. Continental polar (dry - cold air)






36. A semi - closed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it - and with a free connection to the open sea - Often associated with high levels of biological diversity - They are made up of brackish water - Often given names






37. 1 hour of time






38. Method of using the present to interpret the past - Processes occurring today are observed carefully and their effects are measured - Then - geologists assume that similar effects in ancient rocks were caused by processes similar to those of the pres






39. Paleontology: Fossil evidence indicates the similarity of fossils on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean - Continental 'jigsaw puzzle': The outlines of the continents seem to fit together






40. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...






41. Traces of ancient life preserved in the strata as shells - footprints - and the like - Soft plant and animal tissues decompose quickly in the presence of decay bacteria - which exist wherever oxygen exists






42. Gas giants Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus and Neptune have diameters far larger than Earth's and have far greater masses






43. Around a new or full moon - when the sun - moon - and the earth form a line - the tidal forces due to the sun reinforce those of the moon - The tide's range is at a maximum and is called a spring tide (spring as in 'to jump/leap -' not the season)






44. A warm - water current that carries warm water from the Tropics to the Arctic regions of the North Atlantic Ocean - This accounts for higher temperatures and higher humidity on the Eastern Seaboard during the summer






45. Formed from calcium carbonate - also an example of chemical sedimentary rocks - like roock salt - can contain organic or once - living matter and can record the history of that matter's formation in features such as strata - fossil evidence - and rip






46. (or summer time zones) include an offset (typically +1 hour) for daylight saving time






47. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune






48. The flow of water underground - in the vadose zone and aquifers - Subsurface water may return to the surface (as a spring or by being pumped) or eventually seep into the oceans






49. Seas - gulfs - bays - and other names






50. Travels in an orbit that is slightly elliptical (oval) - and so the distance from the sun ranges from 91.5 to 94.5 million miles - Its daily rotation deforms the earth to a flattened spheroid - with a polar radius slightly less than the equatorial ra