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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A huge ball of incandescent gases - Its mass is more than 300000 times that of the earth - Principal constituents are the lightest elements - hydrogen and helium
The rock cycle
Intrusive
Sun
Subduction zones
2. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune
Rock salt
- mT
Short - period comets
Moon
3. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...
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4. Method of using the present to interpret the past - Processes occurring today are observed carefully and their effects are measured - Then - geologists assume that similar effects in ancient rocks were caused by processes similar to those of the pres
Law of original horizontality
Surface ocean currents
Uniformitarianism
Groundwater
5. Faulting and folding
Rainfall
Tidal range
Styles of rock deformation
Standard time zones
6. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic
Pacific Ring of Fire
The rock cycle
Sedimentation
Equinoxes
7. The transformation of water from liquid to gas phases as it moves from the ground or bodies of water into the overlying atmosphere
Sun's gravity
Evaporation
Solar radiation
Opposite seasons
8. Center: 3000
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9. The process in which one type of rock changes into another
freshwater
The rock cycle
Valley breeze
Winter solstice
10. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England
Evaporation
50-100
Opposite seasons
Longitude
11. After the moon has waxed through crescent - quarter - and gibbous phases - a ________ appears - At that time - the moon rises at sunset - and we see all of its illuminated side - Then the phase wanes gradually to another new moon
Minerals
Eclipses
Photosphere
Full moon
12. Seas - gulfs - bays - and other names
Groundwater
Smaller regions of the oceans
Andromeda galaxy
Types of clouds
13. Maritime polar (wet - cold air)
El Nino and La Nina
Lunar eclipse
The rock cycle
- mP
14. The North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean - and thus its temperature extremes are buffered by the water - The result is that the South Pole is consistently _______ during the southern winter than the North Pole during the northern winter
Why weather occurs
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Colder
World/global ocean
15. Cause pressure differences - A hot surface heats the air above it and the air expands - lowering the air pressure and its density
Surface temperature differences
Mantle plumes
Surface temperature
World/global ocean
16. Rocks are placed into groups according to how they form...
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
aquifers
Conglomerates
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
17. Rising air currents take the vapor up into the atmopshere where cooler temperatures cause it to condense into ____
clouds
Transpiration
- cT
Short - period comets
18. A ______________ - such as the Mid - Atlantic Ridge - has examples of volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates pulling apart
Mid - oceanic ridge
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Inertia
Smaller regions of the oceans
19. The outermost part of the earth's interior is made up of two layers...
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Mechanical/physical weathering
Differential heating
Scratch test
20. Huge systems of stars - Milky Way is estimated to have 100 billion stars arranged in a great disk
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Sedimentation
moisture
Galaxies
21. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away
Andromeda galaxy
Sun
Snow packs
Long linear arcs
22. The spectra of distant objects display a red shift - which is interpreted as meaning that they are rapidly receding from us - This apparent expansion of the universe has given rise to the big bang theory of cosmology - in which one primeval mass expl
Spring tide
The big bang theory of cosmology
10000
Limestone
23. Believed to originate at a much greater distance from the Sun - in a cloud (the Oort cloud) consisting of debris left over from the condensation of solar nebula - Comets are thrown from the outer planets or nearby stars - or as a result of collisions
freshwater springs
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Surface ocean temperature
Long - period comets
24. (or summer time zones) include an offset (typically +1 hour) for daylight saving time
Rock salt
Daylight saving time zones
Rainfall
Erosion
25. Some isolated mountains were produced by volcanoes - including many apparently ________ that reach a great height above the ocean floor
Small islands
Andromeda galaxy
The rock cycle
Estuary
26. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert
Rain shadow
Smaller regions of the oceans
groundwater discharge
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
27. Refers to the long - term weather patterns of a large geographical area and takes into account temperature - humidity - and precipitation
Semidiurnal
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Weather phenomena on earth
Climate
28. Largest zone of the planet (68%); crystalline silicates - rich in magnesium - calcium - and iron; very hot and mainly solid - but local melting to magma is the source of volcanic eruptions
The earth's structure
Erosion
Climate
Mantle
29. 1 hour of time
moisture
15
Sedimentary rocks
50-100
30. Forms over land and is associated with dry air
Weathering
Mineral color
- cP
Continental air
31. Featherlike clouds that indicate fair weather
Strata
Sedimentation
Spring tide
Cirrus clouds
32. Some precipitation falls as ____ and can accumulate as ice caps and glaciers - which can store water for thousands of years
10000
Geology
snow
Mid - oceanic ridge
33. Oceans cover __ of the earth's surface
3/4
Stars
lower elevation
Speed of light
34. The lateral movement of the plates is typically at speeds of ___ mm annually
Weathering
50-100
Major oceans
Styles of rock deformation
35. How much matter is in the object
Density
freshwater springs
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Colder
36. The motive force behind land breezes and sea/lake breezes - also known as on - or off - shore winds - Land absorbs and radiates heat faster than water - but water releases heat over a longer period of time
Evapotranspiration
Law of original horizontality
Comet nuclei
Differential heating
37. Earth movements - The result of forces within the earth - where temperature and pressure differences lead to instability
Crustal rocks
El Nino
11
Solar wind
38. The runoff produced by melting snow
Snowmelt
Maritime air
Rain shadow
Crustal rocks
39. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog
Condensation
- cP
freshwater springs
Opposite seasons
40. There are approx. _____ days between each lunar cycle
29.5
Clastic
Pacific Ring of Fire
11
41. Takes place when the moon passes between the earth and the sun - with the moon blocking the sunlight for about two minutes - A total ___________ may be seen only from a small zone on the earth
Solar eclipse
Strata
Extrusive
freshwater
42. Occur along plate boundaries
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
Solar radiation
Rock salt
Chemical weathering
43. The farther from the tropics you are positioned - the ________ the angle of the sun - This causes those locations to be cooler due to the indirect sunlight
Conglomerates
lower
Types of galaxies
11
44. The atmosphere is a __________ - and so small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole - This makes it difficult to accurately predict weather more than a few days in advance
Volcano
Earth's crust
Igneous rocks
Chaotic system
45. Can thaw and melt - and the ensuing water flows overland as snowmelt
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Speed of light
Differential heating
Snow packs
46. On maps - the characteristics of an air mass are represented by two letters: The lowercase letter represents ________ - and the uppercase letter represents temperature
jet stream
moisture
Inertia
Differential heating
47. Large - scale movements of the earth's lithosphere - - The theory encompasses the older concepts of continental drift (first half of 20th century) and seafloor spreading (1960s)
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
Comet nuclei
Plate tectonics
Sun
48. Theory that the earth's continents were originally united as a supercontinent - Pangaea - Established by Alfred Wegener in the early 1900s
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Sun
Continental drift
Colder
49. One tidal cycle per day
Time zone
The Gulf - Stream
Diurnal
World/global ocean
50. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone
Conglomerates
Sun
Fossils
Hydrologic cycle