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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. When the moon is at first quarter or third quarter - the sun - earth and moon form a 90- degree (right) angle with the earth at the vertex - The combined effect of this alignment of the sun - earth - and moon results in tidal ranges on the earth - Wh
Soil
Inertia
Climate
Neap tide/neaps
2. Precipitation - Canopy interception - Snowmelt - Runoff - Percolation - Subsurface flow- Evaporation - Sublimation - Condensation
Latitude
Troposhere
Inertia
Hydrologic concepts
3. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate
snow
Metamorphic rocks
Rock salt
Inertia
4. Refers to the long - term weather patterns of a large geographical area and takes into account temperature - humidity - and precipitation
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Climate
Tectonic plates
lower
5. Earth movements - The result of forces within the earth - where temperature and pressure differences lead to instability
Solar eclipse
Nuclear fusion
Crustal rocks
Evapotranspiration
6. A major determiner of coastal climate
Surface ocean temperature
Hydrologic concepts
Eclipses
Groundwater
7. A ______________ - such as the Mid - Atlantic Ridge - has examples of volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates pulling apart
Mid - oceanic ridge
Examples to support Continental drift theory
Sedimentation
Latitude
8. A natural flow of water - usually freshwater - traveling toward an ocean - a lake - or another stream
Hydrologic cycle
Metamorphic rocks
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
River
9. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years
Conglomerates
10000
- mP
Valley breeze
10. Forms over the Tropics and is warm
Major oceans
Tropical air
Lunar eclipse
Sun
11. 1 hour of time
11
- cT
15
Clastic
12. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures
Continental drift
lower elevation
River
El Nino and La Nina
13. Runoff and groundwater are stored as ________ in lakes
freshwater
- mT
Law of original horizontality
Solar System
14. How much matter is in the object
Neap tide/neaps
Transpiration
Density
Continental drift
15. Largest zone of the planet (68%); crystalline silicates - rich in magnesium - calcium - and iron; very hot and mainly solid - but local melting to magma is the source of volcanic eruptions
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Mantle
Galaxies
Coral reef
16. The movement (carrying away or displacement) of solids (sediment - soil - rock - and other particles) - usually by the agents of currents such as wind - water - or ice by downward or down - slope movement in response to gravity
Erosion
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Fossils
Cumulonibus clouds
17. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal
Crust
Air mass
Chemical weathering
Semidiurnal
18. The North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean - and thus its temperature extremes are buffered by the water - The result is that the South Pole is consistently _______ during the southern winter than the North Pole during the northern winter
Colder
Meteorology
Andromeda galaxy
- mP
19. Bodies similar to the sun but immensely distant - Closest stars are 4 light - years away
Axis tilt
Polar air
Inertia
Stars
20. Maritime tropical (wet - warm air)
- mT
Why weather occurs
Examples to support Continental drift theory
Tectonic plates
21. Due to a combination of differential heating and geometry - hen the sun rises - it is the tops of the mountain peaks which receive first light - and as the day progresses - the mountain slopes take on a greater heat load than the valleys - This resul
Comet
Spring tide
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Why weather occurs
22. The transformation of water from liquid to gas phases as it moves from the ground or bodies of water into the overlying atmosphere
Evaporation
Rain shadow
Colder
World/global ocean
23. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line
Gravity and inertia
Rainfall
Continental air
Meteorology
24. The farther from the tropics you are positioned - the ________ the angle of the sun - This causes those locations to be cooler due to the indirect sunlight
Ice Age
- cP
lower
Longitude
25. Rocks are placed into groups according to how they form...
New moon
Comet
Plate tectonics
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
26. The lateral movement of the plates is typically at speeds of ___ mm annually
Long - period comets
50-100
Sunspots
Volcano
27. Defined by geometrically subdividing the earth's spheroid into 24 lunes (wedge - shaped sections) - bordered by meridians - each 15
Standard time zones
3/4
Colder
cooling
28. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
Comet nuclei
Altostratus clouds
River
29. 4 terrestrials: Mercury - Venus - Mars - Earth 4 gas giants: Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune At least 5 dwarf planets: Ceres - Pluto - Makemake - Haumea - Eris
- cP
Solar System
The geological time scale
Galactic center
30. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an
Sedimentary rocks
- cP
Neap tide/neaps
aquifers
31. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths
California coast
River
Solar wind
Intrusive
32. The result of the buildup of once - living things
New moon
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Comet
Coral reef
33. Oceans cover __ of the earth's surface
The equator
3/4
El Nino
Mountain
34. Large - scale movements of the earth's lithosphere - - The theory encompasses the older concepts of continental drift (first half of 20th century) and seafloor spreading (1960s)
3/4
Percolation
Plate tectonics
Rain shadow
35. Some groundwater finds openings in the land surface and emerges as...
precipitation
Intrusive
Convergent tectonic plates
freshwater springs
36. (in descending order of size) the Pacific Ocean - the Atlantic Ocean - the Indian Ocean - the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean
Andromeda galaxy
Why weather occurs
Major oceans
Extrusive
37. Takes place when the moon passes between the earth and the sun - with the moon blocking the sunlight for about two minutes - A total ___________ may be seen only from a small zone on the earth
Solar eclipse
Mantle plumes
Mountain
lower
38. Younger beds were originally deposited above older beds
Law of superposition
Density
Tides
Altostratus clouds
39. Tides may be...
Lithosphere
Solar radiation
El Nino
Semidiurnal or diurnal
40. Continental polar (dry - cold air)
Weathering
- cP
Subsurface flow
Convergent tectonic plates
41. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals (also known as biological weathering)
Cleavage
Parallax
Galactic center
Chemical weathering
42. Darkens the moon as the earth passes between it and the sun - casting a shadow on the moon - may be seen from anywhere the moon is visible - about half of the earth
Lunar eclipse
Fossils
Solar wind
jet stream
43. Volcanoes can be caused by '____________'; these so - called hotspots - as in Hawaii - can occur far from plate boundaries
Solar radiation
Mantle plumes
3/4
Diurnal
44. This scale assigns a fixed number to 10 reference materials. Talc (1) is the softest and diamond (10) is the hardest
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45. Solar Atmosphere is divided into the inner chromosphere with explosive prominences and the outer corona - a glowing halo visible only during a total eclipse - Constantly emitting particles as a...
Diurnal
Solar wind
Major oceans
Chemical weathering
46. An individual weighing 200 lbs on Earth would weigh more on a _______________ - Weight is a function of gravity
Transpiration
larger planet
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Winter solstice
47. Zero degrees latitude - generally has a tropical climate (warm and wet); at the extreme northern and southern latitudes (polar regions) - the climate is very cold and dry
Conglomerates
The equator
Lithosphere
El Nino and La Nina
48. The outermost part of the earth's interior is made up of two layers...
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Runoff
Evaporation
49. Igneous rock that forms on the earth's surface - Examples obsidian - basalt - and pumice
lower elevation
Deserts
Extrusive
cooling
50. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed
Troposhere
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
The geological time scale
The Gulf - Stream