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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted
The Gulf - Stream
Percolation
cooling
Runoff
2. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England
Types of galaxies
Longitude
New moon
aquifers
3. Ancient astronomers found that eclipses occurred periodically and learned to predict them accurately - Lunar and solar
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
Surface temperature
Eclipses
4. A ______________ - such as the Mid - Atlantic Ridge - has examples of volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates pulling apart
Speed of light
Altostratus clouds
Mid - oceanic ridge
Moon
5. Due to a combination of differential heating and geometry - hen the sun rises - it is the tops of the mountain peaks which receive first light - and as the day progresses - the mountain slopes take on a greater heat load than the valleys - This resul
Colder
Orogenic zones
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Subduction zones
6. Earth movements - The result of forces within the earth - where temperature and pressure differences lead to instability
Percolation
Crustal rocks
Estuary
Longitude
7. Test the item against materials of known hardness; for example - use your fingernail or the graphite in a pencil to attempt to scratch the items. This process should result in assigning a relative hardness to the unknown items.
La Nina
Differential heating
Mantle plumes
Scratch test
8. Some infiltration stays close to the land surface and can seep back into surface - water bodies (and the ocean) as...
Volcano
groundwater discharge
Small islands
Evaporation
9. Largest zone of the planet (68%); crystalline silicates - rich in magnesium - calcium - and iron; very hot and mainly solid - but local melting to magma is the source of volcanic eruptions
Metamorphic rocks
Scratch test
Gravity and inertia
Mantle
10. Younger beds were originally deposited above older beds
The big bang theory of cosmology
Law of superposition
Mantle
Petroleum exploration
11. The science that describes and interprets the earth Fields: - Geomorphology (land forms) - Petrology (rocks) - Stratigraphy (layered rocks) - Paleontology (fossils)
Geology
Semidiurnal
10000
Nuclear fusion
12. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed
Cleavage
The geological time scale
Groundwater
Eclipses
13. Volcanoes are also found in __________ - where the denser oceanic plates are forced under continental plates; this adds massive volumes of water to the mantle - allowing magma to melt more readily and rise to the surface to form volcanoes
Tidal range
Subduction zones
Types of galaxies
precipitation
14. A region of the earth that has uniform standard time - usually referred to as the local time - divided into standard and daylight saving (or summer)
Time zone
Estuary
Air mass
Cirrus clouds
15. Zero degrees latitude - generally has a tropical climate (warm and wet); at the extreme northern and southern latitudes (polar regions) - the climate is very cold and dry
Surface ocean temperature
Limestone
The equator
Colder
16. The precipitation that is intercepted by plant foliage and eventually evaporates back to the atmosphere rather than falling to the ground
Galaxies
The big bang theory of cosmology
Canopy interception
Geology
17. Giant masses of solid rock that float upon the earth's mantle - These plates move in relation to one another at one of three types of plate boundaries...
Longitude
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
- cT
Scratch test
18. Igneous rock that forms on the earth's surface - Examples obsidian - basalt - and pumice
Latitude
cooling
Diurnal
Extrusive
19. Spiral - elliptical - and irregular form are speckled throughout the visible universe - Largest telescope has detected galaxies to its limit of several billion light - years
Types of galaxies
Runoff
California coast
Stars
20. Water transpired from plants and evaporated from the soil
Evapotranspiration
The rock cycle
The geological time scale
Weather phenomena on earth
21. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th
Mid - oceanic ridge
El Nino
Deserts
The equator
22. Forms over water and is associated with wet air
Maritime air
Surface ocean temperature
Lunar eclipse
Opposite seasons
23. A major determiner of coastal climate
Planets
lower
Sedimentary rocks
Surface ocean temperature
24. Gas giants Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus and Neptune have diameters far larger than Earth's and have far greater masses
Hydrologic concepts
Surface ocean temperature
Weight and mass
3/4
25. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e
Photosphere
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Examples to support Continental drift theory
Equinoxes
26. The movement of rainwater as it filters through soil and rocks into the ground - becoming groundwater
Percolation
Crust
Mechanical/physical weathering
Sedimentation
27. How much matter is in the object
Sun
El Nino and La Nina
Density
Eclipses
28. Comprises one global - interconnected body of salt water often (though generally recognized as several separate oceans) - A continuous body of water with relatively free interchange among its parts
moisture
Sunspots
World/global ocean
Orogenic zones
29. The degrees north or south of the equator
Latitude
Weight and mass
Speed of light
jet stream
30. The motive force behind land breezes and sea/lake breezes - also known as on - or off - shore winds - Land absorbs and radiates heat faster than water - but water releases heat over a longer period of time
Lunar eclipse
- cT
Differential heating
Standard time zones
31. Rocks are placed into groups according to how they form...
Intrusive
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
Volcano
Density
32. Defined by geometrically subdividing the earth's spheroid into 24 lunes (wedge - shaped sections) - bordered by meridians - each 15
Standard time zones
Types of clouds
Galactic center
Lithosphere
33. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the same area - Atlanta tropical cyclone activity is generally enhanced during La Nina - Often follows the El Nino - especially when the latter is strong
Hydrologic cycle
La Nina
Orogenic zones
Snow packs
34. The farther from the tropics you are positioned - the ________ the angle of the sun - This causes those locations to be cooler due to the indirect sunlight
Sun's gravity
- mP
Air mass
lower
35. Large - scale movements of the earth's lithosphere - - The theory encompasses the older concepts of continental drift (first half of 20th century) and seafloor spreading (1960s)
Orogenic zones
Plate tectonics
Mountain
Strata
36. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the
Weathering
Scratch test
Seasons
percolation
37. Solar Atmosphere is divided into the inner chromosphere with explosive prominences and the outer corona - a glowing halo visible only during a total eclipse - Constantly emitting particles as a...
Solar wind
Density
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
Igneous rocks
38. Two feldspars (orthoclase and plagioclase) - quartz - olivine - and augite - These five minerals are silicates - built from interlocking silicon and oxygen atoms
The big bang theory of cosmology
Weight and mass
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Metamorphic rocks
39. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Surface ocean temperature
Volcano
50-100
40. Not all runoff flows into rivers; much of it infiltrates into the ground through...
percolation
World/global ocean
- cT
Parallax
41. Faulting and folding
Galactic center
Styles of rock deformation
Evapotranspiration
Solar wind
42. Occurs when the moon sets at sunset - Then the moon is between the earth and the sun - so we see only the dark half of the moon
Photosphere
lower
freshwater springs
New moon
43. Pulls the planets toward the sun - while their inertia keeps them moving forward in an elliptical orbit around the sun
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44. The outermost part of the earth's interior is made up of two layers...
Convergent tectonic plates
larger planet
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Groundwater
45. Cirrus - Stratus - Cumulonimbus - Altostratus
Evaporation
Minerals
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Types of clouds
46. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler
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47. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods
Comet
Condensation
Photosphere
- mT
48. Bbreaking along flat surfaces
lower elevation
Petroleum exploration
Cleavage
Equinoxes
49. Traces of ancient life preserved in the strata as shells - footprints - and the like - Soft plant and animal tissues decompose quickly in the presence of decay bacteria - which exist wherever oxygen exists
Sedimentary rocks
Fossils
The Gulf - Stream
Latitude
50. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Tectonic plates
El Nino