Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Two types of mountains are formed - depending on how the rock reacts to the tectonic forces






2. Volcanoes can be caused by '____________'; these so - called hotspots - as in Hawaii - can occur far from plate boundaries






3. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals (also known as biological weathering)






4. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures






5. The cold - water current that flows north to south off the _____________ keeps the West Coast fairly cool during the summer - Cold - water currents create cooler temperatures in areas that would otherwise be much warmer






6. Around a new or full moon - when the sun - moon - and the earth form a line - the tidal forces due to the sun reinforce those of the moon - The tide's range is at a maximum and is called a spring tide (spring as in 'to jump/leap -' not the season)






7. The fossiliferous strata record is only the last __% of the earth's history






8. The best determiner of climate - as it is consistently and directly correlated with temperature - other factors: Rain shadows - as well as water currents - elevation and so forth






9. Forms south of the Arctic and is cold






10. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy






11. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift






12. Loose collections of ice - dust - and small rocky particles - measuring a few kilometers or tens of kilometers across






13. Ancient astronomers found that eclipses occurred periodically and learned to predict them accurately - Lunar and solar






14. Seasons are marked by changes in the amount of sunlight - which in turn often cause cycles of dormancy in plants and hibernation in animals - These effects vary with latitude and with proximity to bodies of water






15. Erosion in many places is increased by human land use - Poor land - use practices include deforestation - overgrazing - unmanaged construction activity - and road building






16. One tidal cycle per day






17. Comprised of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle - broken up into tectonic plates (7 major and many minor) - ride on the asthenosphere






18. Some precipitation falls as ____ and can accumulate as ice caps and glaciers - which can store water for thousands of years






19. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)






20. The lateral movement of the plates is typically at speeds of ___ mm annually






21. Different visual appearance; when discovered - comets show a perceptible coma while asteroids do not






22. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths






23. Cirrus - Stratus - Cumulonimbus - Altostratus






24. Center: 3000

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25. Volcanoes are generally found where ________ are diverging or converging






26. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms






27. The transformation of water from liquid to gas phases as it moves from the ground or bodies of water into the overlying atmosphere






28. Precipitation - Canopy interception - Snowmelt - Runoff - Percolation - Subsurface flow- Evaporation - Sublimation - Condensation






29. Occur when two plates pull away from each other - Such faults are generally weak and shallow Example: the Mid - Atlantic Range in the Atlantic Ocean






30. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th






31. Takes approx. seven and a half earth months to revolve around the sun - Takes approx. eight earth months to rotate on its axis - a day on ________ is longer than a year






32. The precipitation that is intercepted by plant foliage and eventually evaporates back to the atmosphere rather than falling to the ground






33. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler

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34. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...

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35. Maritime tropical (wet - warm air)






36. A natural flow of water - usually freshwater - traveling toward an ocean - a lake - or another stream






37. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun






38. Darkens the moon as the earth passes between it and the sun - casting a shadow on the moon - may be seen from anywhere the moon is visible - about half of the earth






39. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted






40. Most sediments were deposited in beds that were originally horizontal - and any tilting is due to later earth movements






41. Tides may be...






42. Huge systems of stars - Milky Way is estimated to have 100 billion stars arranged in a great disk






43. Oceans cover __ of the earth's surface






44. - The materials left over after the rock breaks down combine with organic material - The mineral content is determined by the parent material; thus - a soil derived from a single rock type can often be deficient in one or more minerals for good ferti






45. On maps - the characteristics of an air mass are represented by two letters: The lowercase letter represents ________ - and the uppercase letter represents temperature






46. Take up about 1/3 of the earth's land surface - many are formed by rain shadows - Usually have a large diurnal (day) and seasonal temperature range - with high daytime temperatures






47. Method of using the present to interpret the past - Processes occurring today are observed carefully and their effects are measured - Then - geologists assume that similar effects in ancient rocks were caused by processes similar to those of the pres






48. A ______________ - such as the Mid - Atlantic Ridge - has examples of volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates pulling apart






49. Occurs when the moon sets at sunset - Then the moon is between the earth and the sun - so we see only the dark half of the moon






50. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed