Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun






2. A huge ball of incandescent gases - Its mass is more than 300000 times that of the earth - Principal constituents are the lightest elements - hydrogen and helium






3. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals (also known as biological weathering)






4. Can thaw and melt - and the ensuing water flows overland as snowmelt






5. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth






6. Solar Atmosphere is divided into the inner chromosphere with explosive prominences and the outer corona - a glowing halo visible only during a total eclipse - Constantly emitting particles as a...






7. The resulting dust layer would act as a shield - blocking out much of the sun's rays - This would result in lower global temperatures and a general _____ of the earth






8. The runoff produced by melting snow






9. (or summer time zones) include an offset (typically +1 hour) for daylight saving time






10. Comprised of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle - broken up into tectonic plates (7 major and many minor) - ride on the asthenosphere






11. - The materials left over after the rock breaks down combine with organic material - The mineral content is determined by the parent material; thus - a soil derived from a single rock type can often be deficient in one or more minerals for good ferti






12. The strength of gravity in our solar system depends on both the masses of the celestial objects and the _______ between them






13. Defined by geometrically subdividing the earth's spheroid into 24 lunes (wedge - shaped sections) - bordered by meridians - each 15






14. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years






15. 186000 miles/second






16. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods






17. Maritime tropical (wet - warm air)






18. 1 hour of time






19. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p






20. The movement of rainwater as it filters through soil and rocks into the ground - becoming groundwater






21. Sun heats water in the oceans - Water evaporates as vapor into the air - Ice and snow can sublimate directly into water vapor...- Over time - the water reenters the ocean - where the water cycle started






22. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration






23. The movement (carrying away or displacement) of solids (sediment - soil - rock - and other particles) - usually by the agents of currents such as wind - water - or ice by downward or down - slope movement in response to gravity






24. Bbreaking along flat surfaces






25. Two feldspars (orthoclase and plagioclase) - quartz - olivine - and augite - These five minerals are silicates - built from interlocking silicon and oxygen atoms






26. Continental polar (dry - cold air)






27. After the moon has waxed through crescent - quarter - and gibbous phases - a ________ appears - At that time - the moon rises at sunset - and we see all of its illuminated side - Then the phase wanes gradually to another new moon






28. Occur when two plates slip past each other - Such faults are generally moderate and are relatively shallow Example: The San Andreas Fault






29. Continental tropical (dry - warm air)






30. Water transpired from plants and evaporated from the soil






31. Some precipitation falls as ____ and can accumulate as ice caps and glaciers - which can store water for thousands of years






32. Pulls the planets toward the sun - while their inertia keeps them moving forward in an elliptical orbit around the sun

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33. Not all runoff flows into rivers; much of it infiltrates into the ground through...






34. A natural flow of water - usually freshwater - traveling toward an ocean - a lake - or another stream






35. Forms over the Tropics and is warm






36. The evaporation of these oceans is how we get most of our __________ - and their temperature determines our climate and wind patterns






37. Rocks are placed into groups according to how they form...






38. The Pacific Ring of Fire has examples of volcanoes caused by ___________ coming together






39. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...

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40. Affected by factors such as weathering and impurities






41. The atmosphere is a __________ - and so small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole - This makes it difficult to accurately predict weather more than a few days in advance






42. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the same area - Atlanta tropical cyclone activity is generally enhanced during La Nina - Often follows the El Nino - especially when the latter is strong






43. Refers to the long - term weather patterns of a large geographical area and takes into account temperature - humidity - and precipitation






44. This scale assigns a fixed number to 10 reference materials. Talc (1) is the softest and diamond (10) is the hardest

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45. Huge systems of stars - Milky Way is estimated to have 100 billion stars arranged in a great disk






46. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler

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47. Earth movements - The result of forces within the earth - where temperature and pressure differences lead to instability






48. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years






49. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert






50. Somewhat cooler disturbances in the photosphere