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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Sun heats water in the oceans - Water evaporates as vapor into the air - Ice and snow can sublimate directly into water vapor...- Over time - the water reenters the ocean - where the water cycle started
Volcano
Differential heating
Hydrologic cycle
Maritime air
2. The strong temperature contrast between polar and tropical air gives rise to the ________
Hydrologic cycle
jet stream
Solar wind
Moon
3. Forms over the Tropics and is warm
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
Precipitation
Weathering
Tropical air
4. Comprised of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle - broken up into tectonic plates (7 major and many minor) - ride on the asthenosphere
Lithosphere
Ways magma can form
clouds
Andromeda galaxy
5. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert
- mP
Rain shadow
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
Sedimentary rocks
6. Precipitation - Canopy interception - Snowmelt - Runoff - Percolation - Subsurface flow- Evaporation - Sublimation - Condensation
Volcano
Weight and mass
Hydrologic concepts
Longitude
7. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms
Surface ocean temperature
Rainfall
Deserts
Weather phenomena on earth
8. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5
Cleavage
Clastic
The equator
El Nino and La Nina
9. The resulting dust layer would act as a shield - blocking out much of the sun's rays - This would result in lower global temperatures and a general _____ of the earth
Rocky planets and moons
Smaller regions of the oceans
Climate
cooling
10. Some groundwater finds openings in the land surface and emerges as...
Weather phenomena on earth
freshwater springs
lower
10000
11. The tendency of a moving object to stay in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place - Without _______ - a planet would be pulled into the sun
Extrusive
Mechanical/physical weathering
Ice Age
Inertia
12. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal
Soil
The big bang theory of cosmology
aquifers
Semidiurnal
13. Occurs at the instant when the sun's position in the sky is at its greatest angular distance on the other side of the equatorial plane from the observer's hemisphere - Depending on the shift of the calendar - the winter solstice occurs some time betw
Winter solstice
Minerals
snow
Transform plate movements
14. Some isolated mountains were produced by volcanoes - including many apparently ________ that reach a great height above the ocean floor
Erosion and land use
Stratus clouds
El Nino
Small islands
15. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e
Chemical weathering
Erosion and land use
Equinoxes
Divergent plate movements
16. Largest zone of the planet (68%); crystalline silicates - rich in magnesium - calcium - and iron; very hot and mainly solid - but local melting to magma is the source of volcanic eruptions
5.6
- mT
Eclipses
Mantle
17. Pulls the planets toward the sun - while their inertia keeps them moving forward in an elliptical orbit around the sun
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18. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000
Tidal range
Photosphere
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Equinoxes
19. Some infiltration stays close to the land surface and can seep back into surface - water bodies (and the ocean) as...
Weathering
Moon
46%
groundwater discharge
20. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Continental air
Groundwater
Solar System
21. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line
Subduction zones
Gravity and inertia
- mP
Tropical air
22. Oceans cover __ of the earth's surface
Hydrologic concepts
Valley breeze
3/4
Tectonic plates
23. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow
Deserts
Convergent plate movements
Crust
Altostratus clouds
24. 186000 miles/second
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
Speed of light
Subduction zones
Percolation
25. Tides may be...
Divergent plate movements
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Block mountains or fold mountains
percolation
26. Center: 3000
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27. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes
Crust
Continental air
Time zone
Mantle plumes
28. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted
Runoff
Sedimentary rocks
larger planet
aquifers
29. Natural chemical compounds that are the crystals that make up rocks - Each has a specific composition or narrow range of composition
Minerals
Uniformitarianism
Intrusive
freshwater
30. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth
Semidiurnal
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Moon
Convergent plate movements
31. The science of the atmosphere and weather
Deserts
Air mass
Meteorology
Chaotic system
32. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift
Cleavage
Scratch test
Orogenic zones
Spring tide
33. Takes approx. seven and a half earth months to revolve around the sun - Takes approx. eight earth months to rotate on its axis - a day on ________ is longer than a year
Types of clouds
Galaxies
Moon
Venus
34. The motive force behind land breezes and sea/lake breezes - also known as on - or off - shore winds - Land absorbs and radiates heat faster than water - but water releases heat over a longer period of time
Eclipses
Subduction zones
Mantle
Differential heating
35. Occur when two plates push together - Such faults are strong and relatively deep - Where the strongest earthquakes occur Example: mountain building in the Himalayas and the Andes
Sun
Deserts
Convergent plate movements
Rock salt
36. The science that describes and interprets the earth Fields: - Geomorphology (land forms) - Petrology (rocks) - Stratigraphy (layered rocks) - Paleontology (fossils)
Percolation
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Geology
The Gulf - Stream
37. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...
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38. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the
Seasons
The earth's structure
Weather phenomena on earth
Maritime air
39. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________
Continental air
Surface ocean currents
Sublimation
Galactic center
40. Ancient astronomers found that eclipses occurred periodically and learned to predict them accurately - Lunar and solar
Cumulonibus clouds
Differential heating
Extrusive
Eclipses
41. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler
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42. The layers of sediment deposited in a quiet environment - Common sites of deposition are lakes - deltas at the mouths of rivers - beaches and sandbars along the coast - and (most important) the marine environment
Continental drift
Strata
Scratch test
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
43. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans
Parallax
Maritime air
Weathering
Chemical sedimentary rocks
44. The major mountains tend to occur in __________ - indicating tectonic plate boundaries and activity
Asteroids
Plate tectonics
Long linear arcs
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
45. The process in which one type of rock changes into another
Conglomerates
The rock cycle
3/4
Distance
46. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune
Condensation
Short - period comets
Colder
15
47. Most sediments were deposited in beds that were originally horizontal - and any tilting is due to later earth movements
Law of original horizontality
Stars
Erosion and land use
Limestone
48. The degrees north or south of the equator
Cleavage
Rain shadow
Latitude
freshwater springs
49. The cold - water current that flows north to south off the _____________ keeps the West Coast fairly cool during the summer - Cold - water currents create cooler temperatures in areas that would otherwise be much warmer
Crust
California coast
Evaporation
Tides
50. The strength of gravity in our solar system depends on both the masses of the celestial objects and the _______ between them
Volcano
Surface temperature
Distance
Runoff