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CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Seasons are marked by changes in the amount of sunlight - which in turn often cause cycles of dormancy in plants and hibernation in animals - These effects vary with latitude and with proximity to bodies of water






2. Occurs at the instant when the sun's position in the sky is at its greatest angular distance on the other side of the equatorial plane from the observer's hemisphere - Depending on the shift of the calendar - the winter solstice occurs some time betw






3. Runoff and groundwater are stored as ________ in lakes






4. Water transpired from plants and evaporated from the soil






5. Center: 3000

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6. Condensed water vapor that falls to the earth's surface - Most precipitation occurs as rain - but also includes snow - hail - fog drip - graupel - and sleet






7. The fossiliferous strata record is only the last __% of the earth's history






8. The science of the atmosphere and weather






9. Sometimes called minor planets or planetoids - Bodies






10. Travels in an orbit that is slightly elliptical (oval) - and so the distance from the sun ranges from 91.5 to 94.5 million miles - Its daily rotation deforms the earth to a flattened spheroid - with a polar radius slightly less than the equatorial ra






11. Formed from calcium carbonate - also an example of chemical sedimentary rocks - like roock salt - can contain organic or once - living matter and can record the history of that matter's formation in features such as strata - fossil evidence - and rip






12. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics






13. Some water infiltrates deep into the ground and replenishes ________ - which store huge amounts of freshwater for long periods of time






14. Forms over the Tropics and is warm






15. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the same area - Atlanta tropical cyclone activity is generally enhanced during La Nina - Often follows the El Nino - especially when the latter is strong






16. Some infiltration stays close to the land surface and can seep back into surface - water bodies (and the ocean) as...






17. Texture is important in classifying ______ sedimentary rocks






18. The difference between levels of ocean water at high and low tides






19. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler

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20. Typically the tidal mouths of rivers and are often characterized by _____________ or silt carried in from terrestrial runoff - frequently from offshore






21. Theory that the earth's continents were originally united as a supercontinent - Pangaea - Established by Alfred Wegener in the early 1900s






22. An individual weighing 200 lbs on Earth would weigh more on a _______________ - Weight is a function of gravity






23. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert






24. Divided into two main types: large - low- density gas giants and smaller - rocky terrestrials - There are at least 341 identified _______ - 8 of which are in the Solar System






25. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years






26. Rocks are placed into groups according to how they form...






27. The major mountains tend to occur in __________ - indicating tectonic plate boundaries and activity






28. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration






29. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)






30. Further caused by the elliptical orbit of the earth - Earth reaches perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the sun) in January - and it reaches aphelion (farthest point from the sun) in July - Also depend on factors such as proximity to oceans






31. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy






32. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow






33. Scientists theorize that massive volcanic eruptions on a global scale contributed to the earth's cooling - resulting in the onset of the...






34. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...






35. Faulting and folding






36. Air currents move clouds around the globe and cloud particles collide - grow - and fall out of the sky as ________ - Most of it falls back into the oceans or onto land - where the precipitation flows over the ground as surface runoff - portion of run






37. Maritime tropical (wet - warm air)






38. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...

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39. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals (also known as biological weathering)






40. Formed by sodium chloride






41. Gas giants Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus and Neptune have diameters far larger than Earth's and have far greater masses






42. A semi - closed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it - and with a free connection to the open sea - Often associated with high levels of biological diversity - They are made up of brackish water - Often given names






43. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the






44. Solar Atmosphere is divided into the inner chromosphere with explosive prominences and the outer corona - a glowing halo visible only during a total eclipse - Constantly emitting particles as a...






45. The strong temperature contrast between polar and tropical air gives rise to the ________






46. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000






47. There are approx. _____ days between each lunar cycle






48. Can thaw and melt - and the ensuing water flows overland as snowmelt






49. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p






50. Method of using the present to interpret the past - Processes occurring today are observed carefully and their effects are measured - Then - geologists assume that similar effects in ancient rocks were caused by processes similar to those of the pres







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