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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Some infiltration stays close to the land surface and can seep back into surface - water bodies (and the ocean) as...
Mantle
Cleavage
Weather phenomena on earth
groundwater discharge
2. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun
Parallax
Surface ocean temperature
Hydrologic cycle
groundwater discharge
3. Takes place when the moon passes between the earth and the sun - with the moon blocking the sunlight for about two minutes - A total ___________ may be seen only from a small zone on the earth
Evaporation
Solar eclipse
Distance
Cumulonibus clouds
4. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration
Coral reef
Deserts
Transpiration
Ways magma can form
5. The North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean - and thus its temperature extremes are buffered by the water - The result is that the South Pole is consistently _______ during the southern winter than the North Pole during the northern winter
Colder
freshwater
Solar eclipse
Short - period comets
6. Continental polar (dry - cold air)
El Nino and La Nina
snow
- cP
Examples to support Continental drift theory
7. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
Sunspots
lower elevation
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
8. Forms over land and is associated with dry air
Snowmelt
Continental air
Snow packs
Chemical sedimentary rocks
9. Condensed water vapor that falls to the earth's surface - Most precipitation occurs as rain - but also includes snow - hail - fog drip - graupel - and sleet
Precipitation
Law of superposition
Subsurface flow
Earth's crust
10. Loose collections of ice - dust - and small rocky particles - measuring a few kilometers or tens of kilometers across
New moon
Comet nuclei
Orogenic zones
The geological time scale
11. Formed by sodium chloride
Hydrologic concepts
Tides
Rock salt
Asteroids
12. A region of the earth that has uniform standard time - usually referred to as the local time - divided into standard and daylight saving (or summer)
Andromeda galaxy
Intrusive
Law of original horizontality
Time zone
13. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away
Semidiurnal
Rock salt
Andromeda galaxy
Erosion
14. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England
Snow packs
Longitude
- mP
Solar radiation
15. The result of the buildup of once - living things
Photosphere
The Gulf - Stream
freshwater springs
Coral reef
16. How much matter is in the object
Density
Differential heating
Crustal rocks
The big bang theory of cosmology
17. The lateral movement of the plates is typically at speeds of ___ mm annually
Convergent tectonic plates
Speed of light
Continental drift
50-100
18. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon
Continental drift
Galaxies
46%
Stratus clouds
19. Natural chemical compounds that are the crystals that make up rocks - Each has a specific composition or narrow range of composition
Rock salt
Surface ocean currents
Minerals
46%
20. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths
Intrusive
The distinction between asteroids and comets
La Nina
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
21. 1 hour of time
15
The big bang theory of cosmology
Mid - oceanic ridge
The geological time scale
22. Earth movements - The result of forces within the earth - where temperature and pressure differences lead to instability
Crustal rocks
29.5
Erosion
Fossils
23. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
New moon
Sedimentary rocks
Sublimation
24. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the same area - Atlanta tropical cyclone activity is generally enhanced during La Nina - Often follows the El Nino - especially when the latter is strong
Snowmelt
3/4
La Nina
Plate tectonics
25. The runoff produced by melting snow
Comet nuclei
- cT
Snowmelt
jet stream
26. Classified as warm - water or cold - water currents
Galactic center
groundwater discharge
Surface ocean currents
Valley breeze
27. Can thaw and melt - and the ensuing water flows overland as snowmelt
Eclipses
Time zone
Lithosphere
Snow packs
28. Believed to originate at a much greater distance from the Sun - in a cloud (the Oort cloud) consisting of debris left over from the condensation of solar nebula - Comets are thrown from the outer planets or nearby stars - or as a result of collisions
Cirrus clouds
The earth's structure
Long - period comets
Galactic center
29. The process of chemical or physical breakdown of earth rocks - soils - and their minerals
Evapotranspiration
Weathering
Surface temperature differences
Full moon
30. Occurs when the moon sets at sunset - Then the moon is between the earth and the sun - so we see only the dark half of the moon
Andromeda galaxy
Soil
New moon
Solar radiation
31. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic
Mechanical/physical weathering
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Valley breeze
Pacific Ring of Fire
32. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted
Troposhere
Density
3/4
Runoff
33. The transformation of water from liquid to gas phases as it moves from the ground or bodies of water into the overlying atmosphere
percolation
Continental drift
Evaporation
Parallax
34. 186000 miles/second
Speed of light
Evapotranspiration
Diurnal
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
35. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics
Orogenic zones
Solar wind
Why weather occurs
10000
36. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years
Limestone
Seasons
10000
29.5
37. A major determiner of coastal climate
- mT
Major oceans
Surface ocean temperature
46%
38. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________
Spring tide
Galactic center
Semidiurnal
Mid - oceanic ridge
39. Largest zone of the planet (68%); crystalline silicates - rich in magnesium - calcium - and iron; very hot and mainly solid - but local melting to magma is the source of volcanic eruptions
Groundwater
Mantle
Neap tide/neaps
Convergent plate movements
40. Cirrus - Stratus - Cumulonimbus - Altostratus
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Tides
Chemical weathering
Types of clouds
41. Travels in an orbit that is slightly elliptical (oval) - and so the distance from the sun ranges from 91.5 to 94.5 million miles - Its daily rotation deforms the earth to a flattened spheroid - with a polar radius slightly less than the equatorial ra
Spring tide
Divergent plate movements
Strata
Earth
42. Due to a combination of differential heating and geometry - hen the sun rises - it is the tops of the mountain peaks which receive first light - and as the day progresses - the mountain slopes take on a greater heat load than the valleys - This resul
Differential heating
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Convergent tectonic plates
El Nino and La Nina
43. Igneous rock that forms on the earth's surface - Examples obsidian - basalt - and pumice
Continental drift
Extrusive
Photosphere
Law of superposition
44. Rising air currents take the vapor up into the atmopshere where cooler temperatures cause it to condense into ____
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
clouds
Mineral color
Stars
45. Can influence climate by sending tremendous volumes of dust - ash - and smoke into the atmosphere
percolation
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
Petroleum exploration
Intrusive
46. Zero degrees latitude - generally has a tropical climate (warm and wet); at the extreme northern and southern latitudes (polar regions) - the climate is very cold and dry
The equator
Polar air
groundwater discharge
Surface temperature differences
47. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...
Full moon
Minerals
Opposite seasons
Tidal range
48. This upslope wind is called a...
Density
River
Limestone
Valley breeze
49. Featherlike clouds that indicate fair weather
Small islands
Surface ocean temperature
Cirrus clouds
jet stream
50. Continental tropical (dry - warm air)
- cT
Mineral color
Evaporation
10000
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