Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Earth movements - The result of forces within the earth - where temperature and pressure differences lead to instability






2. Igneous rock that forms on the earth's surface - Examples obsidian - basalt - and pumice






3. The runoff produced by melting snow






4. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration






5. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth






6. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal






7. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)






8. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift






9. Precipitation - Canopy interception - Snowmelt - Runoff - Percolation - Subsurface flow- Evaporation - Sublimation - Condensation






10. Some water infiltrates deep into the ground and replenishes ________ - which store huge amounts of freshwater for long periods of time






11. The earth is believed to be about ___ billion years old






12. The flow of water underground - in the vadose zone and aquifers - Subsurface water may return to the surface (as a spring or by being pumped) or eventually seep into the oceans






13. Deviates by an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees - Thus - at any given time during summer or winter - one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the sun - This exposure alternates as the earth revolves in its orbit






14. Formed by sodium chloride






15. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the






16. Can thaw and melt - and the ensuing water flows overland as snowmelt






17. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)






18. Different visual appearance; when discovered - comets show a perceptible coma while asteroids do not






19. A semi - closed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it - and with a free connection to the open sea - Often associated with high levels of biological diversity - They are made up of brackish water - Often given names






20. Solar Atmosphere is divided into the inner chromosphere with explosive prominences and the outer corona - a glowing halo visible only during a total eclipse - Constantly emitting particles as a...






21. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods






22. Take up about 1/3 of the earth's land surface - many are formed by rain shadows - Usually have a large diurnal (day) and seasonal temperature range - with high daytime temperatures






23. Bbreaking along flat surfaces






24. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted






25. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog






26. Some infiltration stays close to the land surface and can seep back into surface - water bodies (and the ocean) as...






27. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...






28. Form when magma or lava cools and solidifies - Depending on the rate of cooling - can contain visible crystals - while others can appear glassy






29. Texture is important in classifying ______ sedimentary rocks






30. The tendency of a moving object to stay in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place - Without _______ - a planet would be pulled into the sun






31. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e






32. Occur when two plates push together - Such faults are strong and relatively deep - Where the strongest earthquakes occur Example: mountain building in the Himalayas and the Andes






33. Some precipitation falls as ____ and can accumulate as ice caps and glaciers - which can store water for thousands of years






34. Most sediments were deposited in beds that were originally horizontal - and any tilting is due to later earth movements






35. The motive force behind land breezes and sea/lake breezes - also known as on - or off - shore winds - Land absorbs and radiates heat faster than water - but water releases heat over a longer period of time






36. The science of the atmosphere and weather






37. The result of the buildup of once - living things






38. Comprises one global - interconnected body of salt water often (though generally recognized as several separate oceans) - A continuous body of water with relatively free interchange among its parts






39. Faulting and folding






40. Younger beds were originally deposited above older beds






41. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England






42. Sometimes called minor planets or planetoids - Bodies






43. Continental polar (dry - cold air)






44. 4 terrestrials: Mercury - Venus - Mars - Earth 4 gas giants: Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune At least 5 dwarf planets: Ceres - Pluto - Makemake - Haumea - Eris






45. Loose collections of ice - dust - and small rocky particles - measuring a few kilometers or tens of kilometers across






46. Continental tropical (dry - warm air)






47. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler

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48. Temperature - pressure - and composition






49. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years






50. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert