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CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Ancient astronomers found that eclipses occurred periodically and learned to predict them accurately - Lunar and solar






2. (in descending order of size) the Pacific Ocean - the Atlantic Ocean - the Indian Ocean - the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean






3. Scientists theorize that massive volcanic eruptions on a global scale contributed to the earth's cooling - resulting in the onset of the...






4. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun






5. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted






6. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans






7. Deviates by an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees - Thus - at any given time during summer or winter - one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the sun - This exposure alternates as the earth revolves in its orbit






8. The difference between levels of ocean water at high and low tides






9. Defined by geometrically subdividing the earth's spheroid into 24 lunes (wedge - shaped sections) - bordered by meridians - each 15






10. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)






11. The cold - water current that flows north to south off the _____________ keeps the West Coast fairly cool during the summer - Cold - water currents create cooler temperatures in areas that would otherwise be much warmer






12. Two types of mountains are formed - depending on how the rock reacts to the tectonic forces






13. Divided into two main types: large - low- density gas giants and smaller - rocky terrestrials - There are at least 341 identified _______ - 8 of which are in the Solar System






14. Loose collections of ice - dust - and small rocky particles - measuring a few kilometers or tens of kilometers across






15. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000






16. The precipitation that is intercepted by plant foliage and eventually evaporates back to the atmosphere rather than falling to the ground






17. The transformation of water from liquid to gas phases as it moves from the ground or bodies of water into the overlying atmosphere






18. Forms over the Tropics and is warm






19. Different visual appearance; when discovered - comets show a perceptible coma while asteroids do not






20. The evaporation of these oceans is how we get most of our __________ - and their temperature determines our climate and wind patterns






21. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...






22. The fossiliferous strata record is only the last __% of the earth's history






23. The motive force behind land breezes and sea/lake breezes - also known as on - or off - shore winds - Land absorbs and radiates heat faster than water - but water releases heat over a longer period of time






24. Temperature - pressure - and composition






25. Some isolated mountains were produced by volcanoes - including many apparently ________ that reach a great height above the ocean floor






26. The science of the atmosphere and weather






27. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate






28. Smooth layers of low clouds that indicate a chance of drizzle or snow






29. Rocks are placed into groups according to how they form...






30. Gas giants Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus and Neptune have diameters far larger than Earth's and have far greater masses






31. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy






32. The resulting dust layer would act as a shield - blocking out much of the sun's rays - This would result in lower global temperatures and a general _____ of the earth






33. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away






34. Occur along plate boundaries






35. Large - scale movements of the earth's lithosphere - - The theory encompasses the older concepts of continental drift (first half of 20th century) and seafloor spreading (1960s)






36. Travels in an orbit that is slightly elliptical (oval) - and so the distance from the sun ranges from 91.5 to 94.5 million miles - Its daily rotation deforms the earth to a flattened spheroid - with a polar radius slightly less than the equatorial ra






37. Forms over land and is associated with dry air






38. Volcanoes are also found in __________ - where the denser oceanic plates are forced under continental plates; this adds massive volumes of water to the mantle - allowing magma to melt more readily and rise to the surface to form volcanoes






39. A region of the earth that has uniform standard time - usually referred to as the local time - divided into standard and daylight saving (or summer)






40. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift






41. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years






42. The layers of sediment deposited in a quiet environment - Common sites of deposition are lakes - deltas at the mouths of rivers - beaches and sandbars along the coast - and (most important) the marine environment






43. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods






44. Rising air currents take the vapor up into the atmopshere where cooler temperatures cause it to condense into ____






45. The process of chemical or physical breakdown of earth rocks - soils - and their minerals






46. Runoff and groundwater are stored as ________ in lakes






47. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert






48. Two feldspars (orthoclase and plagioclase) - quartz - olivine - and augite - These five minerals are silicates - built from interlocking silicon and oxygen atoms






49. Refers to the long - term weather patterns of a large geographical area and takes into account temperature - humidity - and precipitation






50. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...

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