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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Forms over water and is associated with wet air
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Percolation
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Maritime air
2. Form when magma or lava cools and solidifies - Depending on the rate of cooling - can contain visible crystals - while others can appear glassy
Block mountains or fold mountains
Maritime air
Igneous rocks
Semidiurnal or diurnal
3. The flow of water underground - in the vadose zone and aquifers - Subsurface water may return to the surface (as a spring or by being pumped) or eventually seep into the oceans
Orogenic zones
Cleavage
Galaxies
Subsurface flow
4. Condensed water vapor that falls to the earth's surface - Most precipitation occurs as rain - but also includes snow - hail - fog drip - graupel - and sleet
- mP
Subduction zones
Solar eclipse
Precipitation
5. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift
Earth's crust
Orogenic zones
Solar System
Percolation
6. Takes place when the moon passes between the earth and the sun - with the moon blocking the sunlight for about two minutes - A total ___________ may be seen only from a small zone on the earth
Mohs' scale of hardness
Geology
Solar eclipse
Venus
7. How much matter is in the object
Distance
Density
Continental drift
Sunspots
8. Some groundwater finds openings in the land surface and emerges as...
freshwater springs
Cumulonibus clouds
Igneous rocks
larger planet
9. Seasons are marked by changes in the amount of sunlight - which in turn often cause cycles of dormancy in plants and hibernation in animals - These effects vary with latitude and with proximity to bodies of water
Extrusive
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
El Nino
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
10. Igneous rock that forms on the earth's surface - Examples obsidian - basalt - and pumice
snow
Deserts
Extrusive
aquifers
11. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration
Geology
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Eclipses
Transpiration
12. Large - dark clouds that indicate thunderstorms
Stars
Differential heating
larger planet
Cumulonibus clouds
13. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate
precipitation
Solar System
Cleavage
Metamorphic rocks
14. Two feldspars (orthoclase and plagioclase) - quartz - olivine - and augite - These five minerals are silicates - built from interlocking silicon and oxygen atoms
cooling
- mP
freshwater
The most abundant minerals in the crust
15. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths
Law of original horizontality
Continental air
Sedimentary rocks
Intrusive
16. Classified as warm - water or cold - water currents
Comet nuclei
Galaxies
Divergent plate movements
Surface ocean currents
17. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals (also known as biological weathering)
precipitation
Chemical weathering
Strata
Surface ocean currents
18. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth
Moon
The earth's structure
Erosion
Types of galaxies
19. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
Longitude
Continental drift
Pacific Ring of Fire
20. The North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean - and thus its temperature extremes are buffered by the water - The result is that the South Pole is consistently _______ during the southern winter than the North Pole during the northern winter
Nuclear fusion
Colder
Rock salt
Asteroids
21. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune
Short - period comets
Comet
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Nuclear fusion
22. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...
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23. (or summer time zones) include an offset (typically +1 hour) for daylight saving time
- cP
Daylight saving time zones
Solar eclipse
Snow packs
24. The degrees north or south of the equator
- mP
29.5
Continental air
Latitude
25. The fossiliferous strata record is only the last __% of the earth's history
moisture
Metamorphic rocks
precipitation
11
26. Sun heats water in the oceans - Water evaporates as vapor into the air - Ice and snow can sublimate directly into water vapor...- Over time - the water reenters the ocean - where the water cycle started
Scratch test
Sublimation
Evaporation
Hydrologic cycle
27. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed
Cumulonibus clouds
The geological time scale
Crust
Semidiurnal or diurnal
28. The result of the buildup of once - living things
Divergent plate movements
Mountain
Coral reef
lower elevation
29. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the
Nuclear fusion
Seasons
Full moon
Neap tide/neaps
30. Occur along plate boundaries
Inertia
Seasons
Gravity and inertia
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
31. A major determiner of coastal climate
Solar wind
Cirrus clouds
Surface ocean temperature
Tropical air
32. The resulting dust layer would act as a shield - blocking out much of the sun's rays - This would result in lower global temperatures and a general _____ of the earth
cooling
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Sunspots
El Nino and La Nina
33. Occurs when the moon sets at sunset - Then the moon is between the earth and the sun - so we see only the dark half of the moon
Sunspots
Types of galaxies
Semidiurnal
New moon
34. Most sediments were deposited in beds that were originally horizontal - and any tilting is due to later earth movements
Weathering
Law of original horizontality
Mohs' scale of hardness
percolation
35. There are approx. _____ days between each lunar cycle
Plate tectonics
Sedimentary rocks
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
29.5
36. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...
Long - period comets
Sedimentation
Opposite seasons
World/global ocean
37. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic
Pacific Ring of Fire
Major oceans
Fossils
Chemical weathering
38. The lateral movement of the plates is typically at speeds of ___ mm annually
Density
50-100
Plate tectonics
Tidal range
39. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p
freshwater springs
Venus
Volcano
Convergent tectonic plates
40. Some water infiltrates deep into the ground and replenishes ________ - which store huge amounts of freshwater for long periods of time
Coral reef
aquifers
jet stream
River
41. Sometimes called minor planets or planetoids - Bodies
Igneous rocks
Solar System
Asteroids
Valley breeze
42. (in descending order of size) the Pacific Ocean - the Atlantic Ocean - the Indian Ocean - the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean
Small islands
Major oceans
46%
Eclipses
43. Faulting and folding
Weather phenomena on earth
Maritime air
Styles of rock deformation
Earth's crust
44. Occur when two plates slip past each other - Such faults are generally moderate and are relatively shallow Example: The San Andreas Fault
Surface temperature differences
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
Transform plate movements
10000
45. Travels in an orbit that is slightly elliptical (oval) - and so the distance from the sun ranges from 91.5 to 94.5 million miles - Its daily rotation deforms the earth to a flattened spheroid - with a polar radius slightly less than the equatorial ra
Photosphere
Chemical weathering
Solar System
Earth
46. Occur when two plates pull away from each other - Such faults are generally weak and shallow Example: the Mid - Atlantic Range in the Atlantic Ocean
Styles of rock deformation
Divergent plate movements
Moon
Sublimation
47. Ancient astronomers found that eclipses occurred periodically and learned to predict them accurately - Lunar and solar
Long - period comets
Eclipses
46%
Subduction zones
48. The runoff produced by melting snow
Volcano
Valley breeze
46%
Snowmelt
49. Defined by geometrically subdividing the earth's spheroid into 24 lunes (wedge - shaped sections) - bordered by meridians - each 15
Standard time zones
Galactic center
Cumulonibus clouds
Chemical weathering
50. Seas - gulfs - bays - and other names
Differential heating
Smaller regions of the oceans
lower
Clastic