Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Forms south of the Arctic and is cold






2. Take up about 1/3 of the earth's land surface - many are formed by rain shadows - Usually have a large diurnal (day) and seasonal temperature range - with high daytime temperatures






3. This upslope wind is called a...






4. Comprised of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle - broken up into tectonic plates (7 major and many minor) - ride on the asthenosphere






5. The lateral movement of the plates is typically at speeds of ___ mm annually






6. - The materials left over after the rock breaks down combine with organic material - The mineral content is determined by the parent material; thus - a soil derived from a single rock type can often be deficient in one or more minerals for good ferti






7. The degrees north or south of the equator






8. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted






9. The major mountains tend to occur in __________ - indicating tectonic plate boundaries and activity






10. Seas - gulfs - bays - and other names






11. (in descending order of size) the Pacific Ocean - the Atlantic Ocean - the Indian Ocean - the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean






12. Hotspot volcanoes are also found elsewhere in the Solar System - especially on...






13. Some groundwater finds openings in the land surface and emerges as...






14. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...

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15. Comprises one global - interconnected body of salt water often (though generally recognized as several separate oceans) - A continuous body of water with relatively free interchange among its parts






16. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the






17. The result of the buildup of once - living things






18. The process in which one type of rock changes into another






19. Zero degrees latitude - generally has a tropical climate (warm and wet); at the extreme northern and southern latitudes (polar regions) - the climate is very cold and dry






20. Oceans cover __ of the earth's surface






21. Texture is important in classifying ______ sedimentary rocks






22. Believed to originate at a much greater distance from the Sun - in a cloud (the Oort cloud) consisting of debris left over from the condensation of solar nebula - Comets are thrown from the outer planets or nearby stars - or as a result of collisions






23. The runoff produced by melting snow






24. Occur when two plates push together - Such faults are strong and relatively deep - Where the strongest earthquakes occur Example: mountain building in the Himalayas and the Andes






25. Giant masses of solid rock that float upon the earth's mantle - These plates move in relation to one another at one of three types of plate boundaries...






26. Refers to the long - term weather patterns of a large geographical area and takes into account temperature - humidity - and precipitation






27. Some water infiltrates deep into the ground and replenishes ________ - which store huge amounts of freshwater for long periods of time






28. Runoff and groundwater are stored as ________ in lakes






29. A warm - water current that carries warm water from the Tropics to the Arctic regions of the North Atlantic Ocean - This accounts for higher temperatures and higher humidity on the Eastern Seaboard during the summer






30. Some isolated mountains were produced by volcanoes - including many apparently ________ that reach a great height above the ocean floor






31. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away






32. Bodies similar to the sun but immensely distant - Closest stars are 4 light - years away






33. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun






34. One tidal cycle per day






35. Largest zone of the planet (68%); crystalline silicates - rich in magnesium - calcium - and iron; very hot and mainly solid - but local melting to magma is the source of volcanic eruptions






36. Form when magma or lava cools and solidifies - Depending on the rate of cooling - can contain visible crystals - while others can appear glassy






37. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler

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38. Natural chemical compounds that are the crystals that make up rocks - Each has a specific composition or narrow range of composition






39. There are approx. _____ days between each lunar cycle






40. Characterized by similar temperatures and moisture levels






41. Spiral - elliptical - and irregular form are speckled throughout the visible universe - Largest telescope has detected galaxies to its limit of several billion light - years






42. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone






43. The fossiliferous strata record is only the last __% of the earth's history






44. The North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean - and thus its temperature extremes are buffered by the water - The result is that the South Pole is consistently _______ during the southern winter than the North Pole during the northern winter






45. The transformation of water from liquid to gas phases as it moves from the ground or bodies of water into the overlying atmosphere






46. Cirrus - Stratus - Cumulonimbus - Altostratus






47. Formed by sodium chloride






48. Continental polar (dry - cold air)






49. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...






50. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e