Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Some groundwater finds openings in the land surface and emerges as...






2. A semi - closed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it - and with a free connection to the open sea - Often associated with high levels of biological diversity - They are made up of brackish water - Often given names






3. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler

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4. This upslope wind is called a...






5. Large - dark clouds that indicate thunderstorms






6. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals (also known as biological weathering)






7. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England






8. The tendency of a moving object to stay in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place - Without _______ - a planet would be pulled into the sun






9. Faulting and folding






10. The precipitation that is intercepted by plant foliage and eventually evaporates back to the atmosphere rather than falling to the ground






11. Typically the tidal mouths of rivers and are often characterized by _____________ or silt carried in from terrestrial runoff - frequently from offshore






12. The strong temperature contrast between polar and tropical air gives rise to the ________






13. How much matter is in the object






14. Bodies similar to the sun but immensely distant - Closest stars are 4 light - years away






15. Continental polar (dry - cold air)






16. The spectra of distant objects display a red shift - which is interpreted as meaning that they are rapidly receding from us - This apparent expansion of the universe has given rise to the big bang theory of cosmology - in which one primeval mass expl






17. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans






18. Runoff and groundwater are stored as ________ in lakes






19. The motive force behind land breezes and sea/lake breezes - also known as on - or off - shore winds - Land absorbs and radiates heat faster than water - but water releases heat over a longer period of time






20. Volcanoes can be caused by '____________'; these so - called hotspots - as in Hawaii - can occur far from plate boundaries






21. Natural chemical compounds that are the crystals that make up rocks - Each has a specific composition or narrow range of composition






22. An individual weighing 200 lbs on Earth would weigh more on a _______________ - Weight is a function of gravity






23. One tidal cycle per day






24. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert






25. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate






26. Sun heats water in the oceans - Water evaporates as vapor into the air - Ice and snow can sublimate directly into water vapor...- Over time - the water reenters the ocean - where the water cycle started






27. Bbreaking along flat surfaces






28. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the same area - Atlanta tropical cyclone activity is generally enhanced during La Nina - Often follows the El Nino - especially when the latter is strong






29. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away






30. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000






31. Theory that the earth's continents were originally united as a supercontinent - Pangaea - Established by Alfred Wegener in the early 1900s






32. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years






33. Travels in an orbit that is slightly elliptical (oval) - and so the distance from the sun ranges from 91.5 to 94.5 million miles - Its daily rotation deforms the earth to a flattened spheroid - with a polar radius slightly less than the equatorial ra






34. Different visual appearance; when discovered - comets show a perceptible coma while asteroids do not






35. Deviates by an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees - Thus - at any given time during summer or winter - one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the sun - This exposure alternates as the earth revolves in its orbit






36. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...






37. Solar Atmosphere is divided into the inner chromosphere with explosive prominences and the outer corona - a glowing halo visible only during a total eclipse - Constantly emitting particles as a...






38. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun






39. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth






40. Can influence climate by sending tremendous volumes of dust - ash - and smoke into the atmosphere






41. Not all runoff flows into rivers; much of it infiltrates into the ground through...






42. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an






43. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years






44. Stars with the highest ___________ appear blue - while stars with the lowest surface temperature appear red






45. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)






46. Hotspot volcanoes are also found elsewhere in the Solar System - especially on...






47. The earth is believed to be about ___ billion years old






48. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone






49. The farther from the tropics you are positioned - the ________ the angle of the sun - This causes those locations to be cooler due to the indirect sunlight






50. The process in which one type of rock changes into another