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CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line






2. Further caused by the elliptical orbit of the earth - Earth reaches perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the sun) in January - and it reaches aphelion (farthest point from the sun) in July - Also depend on factors such as proximity to oceans






3. Loose collections of ice - dust - and small rocky particles - measuring a few kilometers or tens of kilometers across






4. Form when magma or lava cools and solidifies - Depending on the rate of cooling - can contain visible crystals - while others can appear glassy






5. Test the item against materials of known hardness; for example - use your fingernail or the graphite in a pencil to attempt to scratch the items. This process should result in assigning a relative hardness to the unknown items.






6. The farther from the tropics you are positioned - the ________ the angle of the sun - This causes those locations to be cooler due to the indirect sunlight






7. After the moon has waxed through crescent - quarter - and gibbous phases - a ________ appears - At that time - the moon rises at sunset - and we see all of its illuminated side - Then the phase wanes gradually to another new moon






8. Scientists theorize that massive volcanic eruptions on a global scale contributed to the earth's cooling - resulting in the onset of the...






9. The North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean - and thus its temperature extremes are buffered by the water - The result is that the South Pole is consistently _______ during the southern winter than the North Pole during the northern winter






10. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000






11. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration






12. The Pacific Ring of Fire has examples of volcanoes caused by ___________ coming together






13. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...






14. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog






15. Continental tropical (dry - warm air)






16. The process of chemical or physical breakdown of earth rocks - soils - and their minerals






17. A continuous drill would find gas - oil - and water in that order - The three substances occur in their order of density - with the lightest substance on top and the heaviest on the bottom






18. Giant masses of solid rock that float upon the earth's mantle - These plates move in relation to one another at one of three types of plate boundaries...






19. Occurs when the moon sets at sunset - Then the moon is between the earth and the sun - so we see only the dark half of the moon






20. Oceans cover __ of the earth's surface






21. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate






22. Around a new or full moon - when the sun - moon - and the earth form a line - the tidal forces due to the sun reinforce those of the moon - The tide's range is at a maximum and is called a spring tide (spring as in 'to jump/leap -' not the season)






23. On maps - the characteristics of an air mass are represented by two letters: The lowercase letter represents ________ - and the uppercase letter represents temperature






24. Occur when two plates push together - Such faults are strong and relatively deep - Where the strongest earthquakes occur Example: mountain building in the Himalayas and the Andes






25. The movement of rainwater as it filters through soil and rocks into the ground - becoming groundwater






26. Affected by factors such as weathering and impurities






27. Earth movements - The result of forces within the earth - where temperature and pressure differences lead to instability






28. The earth is believed to be about ___ billion years old






29. Occur when two plates pull away from each other - Such faults are generally weak and shallow Example: the Mid - Atlantic Range in the Atlantic Ocean






30. Occur when two plates slip past each other - Such faults are generally moderate and are relatively shallow Example: The San Andreas Fault






31. The source of energy for evaporation is primarily through ___________






32. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans






33. Classified as warm - water or cold - water currents






34. The strong temperature contrast between polar and tropical air gives rise to the ________






35. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p






36. Water transpired from plants and evaporated from the soil






37. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed






38. An individual weighing 200 lbs on Earth would weigh more on a _______________ - Weight is a function of gravity






39. Some water infiltrates deep into the ground and replenishes ________ - which store huge amounts of freshwater for long periods of time






40. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the same area - Atlanta tropical cyclone activity is generally enhanced during La Nina - Often follows the El Nino - especially when the latter is strong






41. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal






42. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon






43. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th






44. This scale assigns a fixed number to 10 reference materials. Talc (1) is the softest and diamond (10) is the hardest

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45. Bodies similar to the sun but immensely distant - Closest stars are 4 light - years away






46. The motive force behind land breezes and sea/lake breezes - also known as on - or off - shore winds - Land absorbs and radiates heat faster than water - but water releases heat over a longer period of time






47. The transformation of water from liquid to gas phases as it moves from the ground or bodies of water into the overlying atmosphere






48. The science of the atmosphere and weather






49. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler

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50. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow







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