Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. - The materials left over after the rock breaks down combine with organic material - The mineral content is determined by the parent material; thus - a soil derived from a single rock type can often be deficient in one or more minerals for good ferti






2. Huge systems of stars - Milky Way is estimated to have 100 billion stars arranged in a great disk






3. Volcanoes are also found in __________ - where the denser oceanic plates are forced under continental plates; this adds massive volumes of water to the mantle - allowing magma to melt more readily and rise to the surface to form volcanoes






4. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e






5. Darkens the moon as the earth passes between it and the sun - casting a shadow on the moon - may be seen from anywhere the moon is visible - about half of the earth






6. Volcanoes are generally found where ________ are diverging or converging






7. Defined by geometrically subdividing the earth's spheroid into 24 lunes (wedge - shaped sections) - bordered by meridians - each 15






8. A region of the earth that has uniform standard time - usually referred to as the local time - divided into standard and daylight saving (or summer)






9. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)






10. Pulls the planets toward the sun - while their inertia keeps them moving forward in an elliptical orbit around the sun

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11. The earth is believed to be about ___ billion years old






12. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans






13. Zero degrees latitude - generally has a tropical climate (warm and wet); at the extreme northern and southern latitudes (polar regions) - the climate is very cold and dry






14. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years






15. Forms over the Tropics and is warm






16. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths






17. Divided into two main types: large - low- density gas giants and smaller - rocky terrestrials - There are at least 341 identified _______ - 8 of which are in the Solar System






18. Formed from calcium carbonate - also an example of chemical sedimentary rocks - like roock salt - can contain organic or once - living matter and can record the history of that matter's formation in features such as strata - fossil evidence - and rip






19. Forms over land and is associated with dry air






20. Most sediments were deposited in beds that were originally horizontal - and any tilting is due to later earth movements






21. Temperature - pressure - and composition






22. Igneous rock that forms on the earth's surface - Examples obsidian - basalt - and pumice






23. Comprised of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle - broken up into tectonic plates (7 major and many minor) - ride on the asthenosphere






24. A land form that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area - with a peak - Usually produced by the movement of lithospheric plates






25. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000






26. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon






27. Continental polar (dry - cold air)






28. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England






29. Occur along plate boundaries






30. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic






31. Can influence climate by sending tremendous volumes of dust - ash - and smoke into the atmosphere






32. A natural flow of water - usually freshwater - traveling toward an ocean - a lake - or another stream






33. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted






34. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler

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35. The spectra of distant objects display a red shift - which is interpreted as meaning that they are rapidly receding from us - This apparent expansion of the universe has given rise to the big bang theory of cosmology - in which one primeval mass expl






36. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the






37. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune






38. Air currents move clouds around the globe and cloud particles collide - grow - and fall out of the sky as ________ - Most of it falls back into the oceans or onto land - where the precipitation flows over the ground as surface runoff - portion of run






39. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th






40. Can thaw and melt - and the ensuing water flows overland as snowmelt






41. Featherlike clouds that indicate fair weather






42. Occur when two plates push together - Such faults are strong and relatively deep - Where the strongest earthquakes occur Example: mountain building in the Himalayas and the Andes






43. Texture is important in classifying ______ sedimentary rocks






44. Stars with the highest ___________ appear blue - while stars with the lowest surface temperature appear red






45. (in descending order of size) the Pacific Ocean - the Atlantic Ocean - the Indian Ocean - the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean






46. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the same area - Atlanta tropical cyclone activity is generally enhanced during La Nina - Often follows the El Nino - especially when the latter is strong






47. Paleontology: Fossil evidence indicates the similarity of fossils on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean - Continental 'jigsaw puzzle': The outlines of the continents seem to fit together






48. Not all runoff flows into rivers; much of it infiltrates into the ground through...






49. Takes approx. seven and a half earth months to revolve around the sun - Takes approx. eight earth months to rotate on its axis - a day on ________ is longer than a year






50. The lateral movement of the plates is typically at speeds of ___ mm annually