Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The resulting dust layer would act as a shield - blocking out much of the sun's rays - This would result in lower global temperatures and a general _____ of the earth






2. Runoff and groundwater are stored as ________ in lakes






3. Occur when two plates pull away from each other - Such faults are generally weak and shallow Example: the Mid - Atlantic Range in the Atlantic Ocean






4. Believed to originate at a much greater distance from the Sun - in a cloud (the Oort cloud) consisting of debris left over from the condensation of solar nebula - Comets are thrown from the outer planets or nearby stars - or as a result of collisions






5. One tidal cycle per day






6. Comprises one global - interconnected body of salt water often (though generally recognized as several separate oceans) - A continuous body of water with relatively free interchange among its parts






7. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods






8. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5






9. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p






10. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...






11. Different visual appearance; when discovered - comets show a perceptible coma while asteroids do not






12. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal






13. Cirrus - Stratus - Cumulonimbus - Altostratus






14. The runoff produced by melting snow






15. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the same area - Atlanta tropical cyclone activity is generally enhanced during La Nina - Often follows the El Nino - especially when the latter is strong






16. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)






17. The transformation of water from liquid to gas phases as it moves from the ground or bodies of water into the overlying atmosphere






18. The rising of the earth's ocean surface caused by the tidal forces of the moon and the sun acting on the oceans






19. Featherlike clouds that indicate fair weather






20. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years






21. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon






22. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e






23. The science of the atmosphere and weather






24. Comprised of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle - broken up into tectonic plates (7 major and many minor) - ride on the asthenosphere






25. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth






26. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms






27. Defined by geometrically subdividing the earth's spheroid into 24 lunes (wedge - shaped sections) - bordered by meridians - each 15






28. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)






29. Pulls the planets toward the sun - while their inertia keeps them moving forward in an elliptical orbit around the sun

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30. Condensed water vapor that falls to the earth's surface - Most precipitation occurs as rain - but also includes snow - hail - fog drip - graupel - and sleet






31. The process in which one type of rock changes into another






32. Maritime polar (wet - cold air)






33. Volcanoes are generally found where ________ are diverging or converging






34. Further caused by the elliptical orbit of the earth - Earth reaches perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the sun) in January - and it reaches aphelion (farthest point from the sun) in July - Also depend on factors such as proximity to oceans






35. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune






36. 4 terrestrials: Mercury - Venus - Mars - Earth 4 gas giants: Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune At least 5 dwarf planets: Ceres - Pluto - Makemake - Haumea - Eris






37. Continental tropical (dry - warm air)






38. Hotspot volcanoes are also found elsewhere in the Solar System - especially on...






39. The farther from the tropics you are positioned - the ________ the angle of the sun - This causes those locations to be cooler due to the indirect sunlight






40. Form when magma or lava cools and solidifies - Depending on the rate of cooling - can contain visible crystals - while others can appear glassy






41. The outermost part of the earth's interior is made up of two layers...






42. Take up about 1/3 of the earth's land surface - many are formed by rain shadows - Usually have a large diurnal (day) and seasonal temperature range - with high daytime temperatures






43. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away






44. How much matter is in the object






45. Volcanoes can be caused by '____________'; these so - called hotspots - as in Hawaii - can occur far from plate boundaries






46. Smooth layers of low clouds that indicate a chance of drizzle or snow






47. There are approx. _____ days between each lunar cycle






48. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th






49. Loose collections of ice - dust - and small rocky particles - measuring a few kilometers or tens of kilometers across






50. Volcanoes are also found in __________ - where the denser oceanic plates are forced under continental plates; this adds massive volumes of water to the mantle - allowing magma to melt more readily and rise to the surface to form volcanoes