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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The movement (carrying away or displacement) of solids (sediment - soil - rock - and other particles) - usually by the agents of currents such as wind - water - or ice by downward or down - slope movement in response to gravity
Hydrologic cycle
Sun
Erosion
Solar wind
2. Featherlike clouds that indicate fair weather
Spring tide
Colder
Cirrus clouds
Types of clouds
3. Giant masses of solid rock that float upon the earth's mantle - These plates move in relation to one another at one of three types of plate boundaries...
Andromeda galaxy
Parallax
Subduction zones
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
4. An individual weighing 200 lbs on Earth would weigh more on a _______________ - Weight is a function of gravity
larger planet
Scratch test
Estuary
- mP
5. Occurs at the instant when the sun's position in the sky is at its greatest angular distance on the other side of the equatorial plane from the observer's hemisphere - Depending on the shift of the calendar - the winter solstice occurs some time betw
Winter solstice
Sedimentation
Moon
Block mountains or fold mountains
6. A land form that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area - with a peak - Usually produced by the movement of lithospheric plates
Precipitation
Lunar eclipse
lower
Mountain
7. Can thaw and melt - and the ensuing water flows overland as snowmelt
Snow packs
Groundwater
Moon
New moon
8. The movement of rainwater as it filters through soil and rocks into the ground - becoming groundwater
Venus
Percolation
Weight and mass
29.5
9. The flow of water underground - in the vadose zone and aquifers - Subsurface water may return to the surface (as a spring or by being pumped) or eventually seep into the oceans
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Subsurface flow
Condensation
Density
10. Deviates by an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees - Thus - at any given time during summer or winter - one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the sun - This exposure alternates as the earth revolves in its orbit
moisture
Ways magma can form
Axis tilt
Smaller regions of the oceans
11. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e
World/global ocean
Equinoxes
Coral reef
46%
12. The process of chemical or physical breakdown of earth rocks - soils - and their minerals
Subsurface flow
Sedimentary rocks
larger planet
Weathering
13. Maritime tropical (wet - warm air)
Equinoxes
- mT
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
Ice Age
14. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted
Daylight saving time zones
Runoff
Spring tide
Photosphere
15. The difference between levels of ocean water at high and low tides
Tidal range
Coral reef
Hydrologic concepts
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
16. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration
Diurnal
Convergent tectonic plates
Transpiration
Types of clouds
17. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an
Orogenic zones
Evapotranspiration
Sedimentary rocks
Pacific Ring of Fire
18. Occur when two plates push together - Such faults are strong and relatively deep - Where the strongest earthquakes occur Example: mountain building in the Himalayas and the Andes
Climate
Convergent plate movements
Seasons
Evaporation
19. When the moon is at first quarter or third quarter - the sun - earth and moon form a 90- degree (right) angle with the earth at the vertex - The combined effect of this alignment of the sun - earth - and moon results in tidal ranges on the earth - Wh
Law of superposition
Pacific Ring of Fire
Neap tide/neaps
Convergent tectonic plates
20. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England
aquifers
Longitude
Daylight saving time zones
Long linear arcs
21. A semi - closed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it - and with a free connection to the open sea - Often associated with high levels of biological diversity - They are made up of brackish water - Often given names
Seasons
Subduction zones
Estuary
Plate tectonics
22. Somewhat cooler disturbances in the photosphere
Galaxies
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
The earth's structure
Sunspots
23. Some precipitation falls as ____ and can accumulate as ice caps and glaciers - which can store water for thousands of years
jet stream
snow
Stars
Metamorphic rocks
24. Travels in an orbit that is slightly elliptical (oval) - and so the distance from the sun ranges from 91.5 to 94.5 million miles - Its daily rotation deforms the earth to a flattened spheroid - with a polar radius slightly less than the equatorial ra
Estuary
Transform plate movements
Rocky planets and moons
Earth
25. The runoff produced by melting snow
Solar wind
Surface ocean currents
- cP
Snowmelt
26. Solar Atmosphere is divided into the inner chromosphere with explosive prominences and the outer corona - a glowing halo visible only during a total eclipse - Constantly emitting particles as a...
29.5
Mohs' scale of hardness
- mT
Solar wind
27. Some infiltration stays close to the land surface and can seep back into surface - water bodies (and the ocean) as...
groundwater discharge
Mineral color
aquifers
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
28. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal
The rock cycle
Distance
Semidiurnal
Weight and mass
29. Occur when two plates slip past each other - Such faults are generally moderate and are relatively shallow Example: The San Andreas Fault
Law of superposition
Transform plate movements
Tectonic plates
Venus
30. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures
Ways magma can form
lower elevation
Speed of light
Semidiurnal
31. Bbreaking along flat surfaces
Earth's crust
Cleavage
Density
Inertia
32. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________
Earth's crust
Solar radiation
Ice Age
Galactic center
33. Around a new or full moon - when the sun - moon - and the earth form a line - the tidal forces due to the sun reinforce those of the moon - The tide's range is at a maximum and is called a spring tide (spring as in 'to jump/leap -' not the season)
Nuclear fusion
Spring tide
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Full moon
34. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000
Ways magma can form
precipitation
Photosphere
Opposite seasons
35. Not all runoff flows into rivers; much of it infiltrates into the ground through...
percolation
Smaller regions of the oceans
Latitude
Erosion and land use
36. Occurs when the moon sets at sunset - Then the moon is between the earth and the sun - so we see only the dark half of the moon
Crustal rocks
New moon
Snowmelt
Examples to support Continental drift theory
37. - The materials left over after the rock breaks down combine with organic material - The mineral content is determined by the parent material; thus - a soil derived from a single rock type can often be deficient in one or more minerals for good ferti
Uniformitarianism
Surface ocean currents
- mP
Soil
38. The process in which one type of rock changes into another
- mP
Stratus clouds
3/4
The rock cycle
39. The science of the atmosphere and weather
Meteorology
Condensation
Plate tectonics
Examples to support Continental drift theory
40. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed
Examples to support Continental drift theory
El Nino
The geological time scale
Subsurface flow
41. The precipitation that is intercepted by plant foliage and eventually evaporates back to the atmosphere rather than falling to the ground
Scratch test
Petroleum exploration
Canopy interception
Solar radiation
42. The fossiliferous strata record is only the last __% of the earth's history
11
Venus
3/4
Weathering
43. Air currents move clouds around the globe and cloud particles collide - grow - and fall out of the sky as ________ - Most of it falls back into the oceans or onto land - where the precipitation flows over the ground as surface runoff - portion of run
Strata
The earth's structure
Extrusive
precipitation
44. Can influence climate by sending tremendous volumes of dust - ash - and smoke into the atmosphere
clouds
Mantle
Polar air
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
45. Forms south of the Arctic and is cold
Sedimentation
Moon
Eclipses
Polar air
46. Precipitation - Canopy interception - Snowmelt - Runoff - Percolation - Subsurface flow- Evaporation - Sublimation - Condensation
Hydrologic concepts
Axis tilt
Surface ocean temperature
The most abundant minerals in the crust
47. The lateral movement of the plates is typically at speeds of ___ mm annually
Lunar eclipse
50-100
freshwater springs
Hydrologic cycle
48. Divided into two main types: large - low- density gas giants and smaller - rocky terrestrials - There are at least 341 identified _______ - 8 of which are in the Solar System
Planets
Diurnal
Runoff
Galactic center
49. Water transpired from plants and evaporated from the soil
Small islands
Evapotranspiration
The big bang theory of cosmology
Galactic center
50. 186000 miles/second
Speed of light
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Distance
Petroleum exploration