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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Theory that the earth's continents were originally united as a supercontinent - Pangaea - Established by Alfred Wegener in the early 1900s
Groundwater
Andromeda galaxy
Photosphere
Continental drift
2. Runoff and groundwater are stored as ________ in lakes
Tides
freshwater
Smaller regions of the oceans
Types of clouds
3. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics
Earth's crust
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Galactic center
Why weather occurs
4. Bbreaking along flat surfaces
Seasons
Cleavage
New moon
lower elevation
5. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun
freshwater
Law of original horizontality
Air mass
Parallax
6. The science of the atmosphere and weather
Meteorology
Evapotranspiration
Mountain
15
7. Large - dark clouds that indicate thunderstorms
Seasons
Lithosphere
Cumulonibus clouds
Full moon
8. Precipitation - Canopy interception - Snowmelt - Runoff - Percolation - Subsurface flow- Evaporation - Sublimation - Condensation
Parallax
Troposhere
Hydrologic concepts
Sedimentary rocks
9. 186000 miles/second
Scratch test
Chaotic system
Soil
Speed of light
10. Somewhat cooler disturbances in the photosphere
Climate
lower elevation
10000
Sunspots
11. Comprised of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle - broken up into tectonic plates (7 major and many minor) - ride on the asthenosphere
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Lithosphere
Snow packs
Meteorology
12. Seas - gulfs - bays - and other names
Smaller regions of the oceans
Differential heating
Sun
Inertia
13. The result of the buildup of once - living things
Coral reef
snow
Planets
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
14. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line
Gravity and inertia
Speed of light
Sublimation
Mineral color
15. Different visual appearance; when discovered - comets show a perceptible coma while asteroids do not
Why weather occurs
Earth's crust
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
The distinction between asteroids and comets
16. Most sediments were deposited in beds that were originally horizontal - and any tilting is due to later earth movements
Coral reef
New moon
- mP
Law of original horizontality
17. The motive force behind land breezes and sea/lake breezes - also known as on - or off - shore winds - Land absorbs and radiates heat faster than water - but water releases heat over a longer period of time
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Metamorphic rocks
- cP
Differential heating
18. Cause pressure differences - A hot surface heats the air above it and the air expands - lowering the air pressure and its density
Major oceans
Surface temperature differences
Troposhere
Equinoxes
19. Comprises one global - interconnected body of salt water often (though generally recognized as several separate oceans) - A continuous body of water with relatively free interchange among its parts
World/global ocean
Tides
Chaotic system
Solar System
20. Seasons are marked by changes in the amount of sunlight - which in turn often cause cycles of dormancy in plants and hibernation in animals - These effects vary with latitude and with proximity to bodies of water
Planets
Chemical weathering
Soil
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
21. The process in which one type of rock changes into another
clouds
The rock cycle
- cT
Lunar eclipse
22. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through direct contact with atmospheric conditions such as heat - water - ice - and pressure
Types of clouds
Mechanical/physical weathering
Axis tilt
freshwater
23. This upslope wind is called a...
Mountain
Valley breeze
Nuclear fusion
- cP
24. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate
Metamorphic rocks
Types of clouds
Crust
Continental air
25. Sun heats water in the oceans - Water evaporates as vapor into the air - Ice and snow can sublimate directly into water vapor...- Over time - the water reenters the ocean - where the water cycle started
Hydrologic cycle
Sedimentary rocks
Types of clouds
freshwater
26. A ______________ - such as the Mid - Atlantic Ridge - has examples of volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates pulling apart
Galaxies
Subduction zones
Mid - oceanic ridge
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
27. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years
Groundwater
Law of superposition
Moon
Small islands
28. Temperature - pressure - and composition
- mT
Ways magma can form
Divergent plate movements
Intrusive
29. Rising air currents take the vapor up into the atmopshere where cooler temperatures cause it to condense into ____
Daylight saving time zones
Chaotic system
clouds
Ways magma can form
30. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal
Solar wind
Semidiurnal
Sedimentation
Conglomerates
31. Igneous rock that forms on the earth's surface - Examples obsidian - basalt - and pumice
larger planet
Extrusive
Chemical weathering
Semidiurnal
32. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years
Semidiurnal or diurnal
10000
- mT
Weight and mass
33. Some water infiltrates deep into the ground and replenishes ________ - which store huge amounts of freshwater for long periods of time
Soil
aquifers
- cP
Gravity and inertia
34. The strong temperature contrast between polar and tropical air gives rise to the ________
Pacific Ring of Fire
jet stream
Time zone
Minerals
35. Some isolated mountains were produced by volcanoes - including many apparently ________ that reach a great height above the ocean floor
Sunspots
Mantle plumes
Plate tectonics
Small islands
36. Center: 3000
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37. Refers to the long - term weather patterns of a large geographical area and takes into account temperature - humidity - and precipitation
Climate
Density
Inertia
World/global ocean
38. Spiral - elliptical - and irregular form are speckled throughout the visible universe - Largest telescope has detected galaxies to its limit of several billion light - years
Types of galaxies
Differential heating
Minerals
Earth
39. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted
Neap tide/neaps
Galactic center
Runoff
cooling
40. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration
Erosion and land use
Lithosphere
Seasons
Transpiration
41. Deviates by an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees - Thus - at any given time during summer or winter - one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the sun - This exposure alternates as the earth revolves in its orbit
Strata
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Axis tilt
Opposite seasons
42. The difference between levels of ocean water at high and low tides
Stratus clouds
Tidal range
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Seasons
43. A warm - water current that carries warm water from the Tropics to the Arctic regions of the North Atlantic Ocean - This accounts for higher temperatures and higher humidity on the Eastern Seaboard during the summer
Mohs' scale of hardness
snow
The Gulf - Stream
Troposhere
44. Erosion in many places is increased by human land use - Poor land - use practices include deforestation - overgrazing - unmanaged construction activity - and road building
Evapotranspiration
Erosion and land use
Mohs' scale of hardness
Plate tectonics
45. Not all runoff flows into rivers; much of it infiltrates into the ground through...
Spring tide
Surface ocean currents
percolation
Galactic center
46. Classified as warm - water or cold - water currents
Latitude
clouds
Surface ocean currents
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
47. The rising of the earth's ocean surface caused by the tidal forces of the moon and the sun acting on the oceans
Tides
California coast
cooling
Venus
48. The spectra of distant objects display a red shift - which is interpreted as meaning that they are rapidly receding from us - This apparent expansion of the universe has given rise to the big bang theory of cosmology - in which one primeval mass expl
The big bang theory of cosmology
El Nino
Runoff
Coral reef
49. Occur when two plates slip past each other - Such faults are generally moderate and are relatively shallow Example: The San Andreas Fault
Geology
Transform plate movements
Latitude
Distance
50. Some infiltration stays close to the land surface and can seep back into surface - water bodies (and the ocean) as...
Fossils
groundwater discharge
Scratch test
Cirrus clouds