Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Hotspot volcanoes are also found elsewhere in the Solar System - especially on...






2. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000






3. Around a new or full moon - when the sun - moon - and the earth form a line - the tidal forces due to the sun reinforce those of the moon - The tide's range is at a maximum and is called a spring tide (spring as in 'to jump/leap -' not the season)






4. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow






5. The flow of water underground - in the vadose zone and aquifers - Subsurface water may return to the surface (as a spring or by being pumped) or eventually seep into the oceans






6. The science of the atmosphere and weather






7. Typically the tidal mouths of rivers and are often characterized by _____________ or silt carried in from terrestrial runoff - frequently from offshore






8. Travels in an orbit that is slightly elliptical (oval) - and so the distance from the sun ranges from 91.5 to 94.5 million miles - Its daily rotation deforms the earth to a flattened spheroid - with a polar radius slightly less than the equatorial ra






9. Maritime polar (wet - cold air)






10. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog






11. 186000 miles/second






12. The lateral movement of the plates is typically at speeds of ___ mm annually






13. 1 hour of time






14. Igneous rock that forms on the earth's surface - Examples obsidian - basalt - and pumice






15. Form when magma or lava cools and solidifies - Depending on the rate of cooling - can contain visible crystals - while others can appear glassy






16. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes






17. Takes place when the moon passes between the earth and the sun - with the moon blocking the sunlight for about two minutes - A total ___________ may be seen only from a small zone on the earth






18. A ______________ - such as the Mid - Atlantic Ridge - has examples of volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates pulling apart






19. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)






20. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals (also known as biological weathering)






21. The major mountains tend to occur in __________ - indicating tectonic plate boundaries and activity






22. Large - scale movements of the earth's lithosphere - - The theory encompasses the older concepts of continental drift (first half of 20th century) and seafloor spreading (1960s)






23. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England






24. The outermost part of the earth's interior is made up of two layers...






25. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone






26. Pulls the planets toward the sun - while their inertia keeps them moving forward in an elliptical orbit around the sun

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27. The strength of gravity in our solar system depends on both the masses of the celestial objects and the _______ between them






28. Precipitation - Canopy interception - Snowmelt - Runoff - Percolation - Subsurface flow- Evaporation - Sublimation - Condensation






29. The process in which one type of rock changes into another






30. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5






31. Cause pressure differences - A hot surface heats the air above it and the air expands - lowering the air pressure and its density






32. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration






33. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun






34. Smooth layers of low clouds that indicate a chance of drizzle or snow






35. The process of chemical or physical breakdown of earth rocks - soils - and their minerals






36. The difference between levels of ocean water at high and low tides






37. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths






38. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an






39. Most sediments were deposited in beds that were originally horizontal - and any tilting is due to later earth movements






40. Largest zone of the planet (68%); crystalline silicates - rich in magnesium - calcium - and iron; very hot and mainly solid - but local melting to magma is the source of volcanic eruptions






41. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...

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42. The evaporation of these oceans is how we get most of our __________ - and their temperature determines our climate and wind patterns






43. Texture is important in classifying ______ sedimentary rocks






44. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p






45. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years






46. Bbreaking along flat surfaces






47. Darkens the moon as the earth passes between it and the sun - casting a shadow on the moon - may be seen from anywhere the moon is visible - about half of the earth






48. The result of the buildup of once - living things






49. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)






50. The precipitation that is intercepted by plant foliage and eventually evaporates back to the atmosphere rather than falling to the ground