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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The resulting dust layer would act as a shield - blocking out much of the sun's rays - This would result in lower global temperatures and a general _____ of the earth
Precipitation
Smaller regions of the oceans
Evaporation
cooling
2. Runoff and groundwater are stored as ________ in lakes
Metamorphic rocks
Weather phenomena on earth
freshwater
Earth's crust
3. Occur when two plates pull away from each other - Such faults are generally weak and shallow Example: the Mid - Atlantic Range in the Atlantic Ocean
Sedimentary rocks
Metamorphic rocks
Divergent plate movements
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
4. Believed to originate at a much greater distance from the Sun - in a cloud (the Oort cloud) consisting of debris left over from the condensation of solar nebula - Comets are thrown from the outer planets or nearby stars - or as a result of collisions
Long - period comets
Rainfall
Evaporation
Seasons
5. One tidal cycle per day
Canopy interception
Axis tilt
Diurnal
10000
6. Comprises one global - interconnected body of salt water often (though generally recognized as several separate oceans) - A continuous body of water with relatively free interchange among its parts
World/global ocean
Cirrus clouds
Meteorology
- mP
7. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods
Asteroids
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Comet
aquifers
8. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5
Mohs' scale of hardness
El Nino and La Nina
5.6
Rock salt
9. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p
Ways magma can form
Volcano
Comet nuclei
Fossils
10. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...
5.6
Erosion
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
La Nina
11. Different visual appearance; when discovered - comets show a perceptible coma while asteroids do not
Distance
Venus
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Snowmelt
12. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal
15
Rainfall
Rock salt
Semidiurnal
13. Cirrus - Stratus - Cumulonimbus - Altostratus
cooling
Crustal rocks
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Types of clouds
14. The runoff produced by melting snow
Evaporation
Snow packs
Sublimation
Snowmelt
15. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the same area - Atlanta tropical cyclone activity is generally enhanced during La Nina - Often follows the El Nino - especially when the latter is strong
California coast
Comet
Surface ocean currents
La Nina
16. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)
lower
Geology
15
Troposhere
17. The transformation of water from liquid to gas phases as it moves from the ground or bodies of water into the overlying atmosphere
Continental drift
Evaporation
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Nuclear fusion
18. The rising of the earth's ocean surface caused by the tidal forces of the moon and the sun acting on the oceans
Types of clouds
Tides
Surface ocean currents
The distinction between asteroids and comets
19. Featherlike clouds that indicate fair weather
Hydrologic cycle
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
Cirrus clouds
World/global ocean
20. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years
Styles of rock deformation
lower
Mantle
10000
21. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon
Valley breeze
46%
Styles of rock deformation
The distinction between asteroids and comets
22. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e
46%
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Equinoxes
Sedimentary rocks
23. The science of the atmosphere and weather
Meteorology
Subsurface flow
Short - period comets
Polar air
24. Comprised of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle - broken up into tectonic plates (7 major and many minor) - ride on the asthenosphere
Types of galaxies
Mechanical/physical weathering
Cumulonibus clouds
Lithosphere
25. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Soil
Orogenic zones
Moon
26. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms
Volcano
Sublimation
Weather phenomena on earth
Stars
27. Defined by geometrically subdividing the earth's spheroid into 24 lunes (wedge - shaped sections) - bordered by meridians - each 15
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Standard time zones
Smaller regions of the oceans
Rock salt
28. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)
Clastic
Sublimation
Mineral color
Groundwater
29. Pulls the planets toward the sun - while their inertia keeps them moving forward in an elliptical orbit around the sun
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30. Condensed water vapor that falls to the earth's surface - Most precipitation occurs as rain - but also includes snow - hail - fog drip - graupel - and sleet
clouds
Precipitation
Climate
Weight and mass
31. The process in which one type of rock changes into another
The rock cycle
Subduction zones
Galaxies
11
32. Maritime polar (wet - cold air)
Opposite seasons
- mP
Chemical weathering
Tides
33. Volcanoes are generally found where ________ are diverging or converging
El Nino and La Nina
Tectonic plates
groundwater discharge
Types of galaxies
34. Further caused by the elliptical orbit of the earth - Earth reaches perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the sun) in January - and it reaches aphelion (farthest point from the sun) in July - Also depend on factors such as proximity to oceans
Rocky planets and moons
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Climate
Planets
35. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune
Latitude
Weather phenomena on earth
Short - period comets
Plate tectonics
36. 4 terrestrials: Mercury - Venus - Mars - Earth 4 gas giants: Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune At least 5 dwarf planets: Ceres - Pluto - Makemake - Haumea - Eris
Moon
Solar System
Distance
Semidiurnal or diurnal
37. Continental tropical (dry - warm air)
Nuclear fusion
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
- cT
Opposite seasons
38. Hotspot volcanoes are also found elsewhere in the Solar System - especially on...
Air mass
Transpiration
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Rocky planets and moons
39. The farther from the tropics you are positioned - the ________ the angle of the sun - This causes those locations to be cooler due to the indirect sunlight
Canopy interception
Mechanical/physical weathering
lower
Weather phenomena on earth
40. Form when magma or lava cools and solidifies - Depending on the rate of cooling - can contain visible crystals - while others can appear glassy
Density
Sublimation
Igneous rocks
Distance
41. The outermost part of the earth's interior is made up of two layers...
Erosion and land use
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
29.5
Winter solstice
42. Take up about 1/3 of the earth's land surface - many are formed by rain shadows - Usually have a large diurnal (day) and seasonal temperature range - with high daytime temperatures
Deserts
Weather phenomena on earth
Solar eclipse
The Gulf - Stream
43. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away
- cT
Chaotic system
Andromeda galaxy
Snow packs
44. How much matter is in the object
Troposhere
Clastic
Density
Continental air
45. Volcanoes can be caused by '____________'; these so - called hotspots - as in Hawaii - can occur far from plate boundaries
Mantle plumes
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
Sublimation
Semidiurnal
46. Smooth layers of low clouds that indicate a chance of drizzle or snow
Sunspots
Limestone
freshwater
Stratus clouds
47. There are approx. _____ days between each lunar cycle
Groundwater
Types of clouds
Galaxies
29.5
48. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th
El Nino
Petroleum exploration
3/4
Orogenic zones
49. Loose collections of ice - dust - and small rocky particles - measuring a few kilometers or tens of kilometers across
Comet nuclei
Mineral color
Minerals
Ways magma can form
50. Volcanoes are also found in __________ - where the denser oceanic plates are forced under continental plates; this adds massive volumes of water to the mantle - allowing magma to melt more readily and rise to the surface to form volcanoes
Tropical air
La Nina
- mT
Subduction zones