Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Sun heats water in the oceans - Water evaporates as vapor into the air - Ice and snow can sublimate directly into water vapor...- Over time - the water reenters the ocean - where the water cycle started






2. The strong temperature contrast between polar and tropical air gives rise to the ________






3. Forms over the Tropics and is warm






4. Comprised of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle - broken up into tectonic plates (7 major and many minor) - ride on the asthenosphere






5. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert






6. Precipitation - Canopy interception - Snowmelt - Runoff - Percolation - Subsurface flow- Evaporation - Sublimation - Condensation






7. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms






8. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5






9. The resulting dust layer would act as a shield - blocking out much of the sun's rays - This would result in lower global temperatures and a general _____ of the earth






10. Some groundwater finds openings in the land surface and emerges as...






11. The tendency of a moving object to stay in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place - Without _______ - a planet would be pulled into the sun






12. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal






13. Occurs at the instant when the sun's position in the sky is at its greatest angular distance on the other side of the equatorial plane from the observer's hemisphere - Depending on the shift of the calendar - the winter solstice occurs some time betw






14. Some isolated mountains were produced by volcanoes - including many apparently ________ that reach a great height above the ocean floor






15. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e






16. Largest zone of the planet (68%); crystalline silicates - rich in magnesium - calcium - and iron; very hot and mainly solid - but local melting to magma is the source of volcanic eruptions






17. Pulls the planets toward the sun - while their inertia keeps them moving forward in an elliptical orbit around the sun

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18. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000






19. Some infiltration stays close to the land surface and can seep back into surface - water bodies (and the ocean) as...






20. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years






21. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line






22. Oceans cover __ of the earth's surface






23. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow






24. 186000 miles/second






25. Tides may be...






26. Center: 3000

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27. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes






28. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted






29. Natural chemical compounds that are the crystals that make up rocks - Each has a specific composition or narrow range of composition






30. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth






31. The science of the atmosphere and weather






32. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift






33. Takes approx. seven and a half earth months to revolve around the sun - Takes approx. eight earth months to rotate on its axis - a day on ________ is longer than a year






34. The motive force behind land breezes and sea/lake breezes - also known as on - or off - shore winds - Land absorbs and radiates heat faster than water - but water releases heat over a longer period of time






35. Occur when two plates push together - Such faults are strong and relatively deep - Where the strongest earthquakes occur Example: mountain building in the Himalayas and the Andes






36. The science that describes and interprets the earth Fields: - Geomorphology (land forms) - Petrology (rocks) - Stratigraphy (layered rocks) - Paleontology (fossils)






37. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...

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38. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the






39. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________






40. Ancient astronomers found that eclipses occurred periodically and learned to predict them accurately - Lunar and solar






41. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler

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42. The layers of sediment deposited in a quiet environment - Common sites of deposition are lakes - deltas at the mouths of rivers - beaches and sandbars along the coast - and (most important) the marine environment






43. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans






44. The major mountains tend to occur in __________ - indicating tectonic plate boundaries and activity






45. The process in which one type of rock changes into another






46. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune






47. Most sediments were deposited in beds that were originally horizontal - and any tilting is due to later earth movements






48. The degrees north or south of the equator






49. The cold - water current that flows north to south off the _____________ keeps the West Coast fairly cool during the summer - Cold - water currents create cooler temperatures in areas that would otherwise be much warmer






50. The strength of gravity in our solar system depends on both the masses of the celestial objects and the _______ between them