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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Ancient astronomers found that eclipses occurred periodically and learned to predict them accurately - Lunar and solar
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
Runoff
Eclipses
Solar radiation
2. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th
Ice Age
Altostratus clouds
El Nino
Venus
3. Solar Atmosphere is divided into the inner chromosphere with explosive prominences and the outer corona - a glowing halo visible only during a total eclipse - Constantly emitting particles as a...
Strata
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
Solar wind
River
4. An individual weighing 200 lbs on Earth would weigh more on a _______________ - Weight is a function of gravity
Stratus clouds
Chemical weathering
- mP
larger planet
5. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans
groundwater discharge
clouds
Short - period comets
Chemical sedimentary rocks
6. Volcanoes are also found in __________ - where the denser oceanic plates are forced under continental plates; this adds massive volumes of water to the mantle - allowing magma to melt more readily and rise to the surface to form volcanoes
Subduction zones
moisture
Geology
Continental drift
7. Refers to the long - term weather patterns of a large geographical area and takes into account temperature - humidity - and precipitation
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
Differential heating
Photosphere
Climate
8. Comprises one global - interconnected body of salt water often (though generally recognized as several separate oceans) - A continuous body of water with relatively free interchange among its parts
Comet nuclei
Earth's crust
The distinction between asteroids and comets
World/global ocean
9. Divided into two main types: large - low- density gas giants and smaller - rocky terrestrials - There are at least 341 identified _______ - 8 of which are in the Solar System
Long linear arcs
Climate
Law of superposition
Planets
10. The science of the atmosphere and weather
Clastic
Solar wind
Meteorology
Chemical sedimentary rocks
11. Formed by sodium chloride
freshwater springs
Rock salt
Rainfall
Lithosphere
12. The spectra of distant objects display a red shift - which is interpreted as meaning that they are rapidly receding from us - This apparent expansion of the universe has given rise to the big bang theory of cosmology - in which one primeval mass expl
Mid - oceanic ridge
Solar System
Seasons
The big bang theory of cosmology
13. Large - scale movements of the earth's lithosphere - - The theory encompasses the older concepts of continental drift (first half of 20th century) and seafloor spreading (1960s)
Volcano
Igneous rocks
Continental drift
Plate tectonics
14. The layers of sediment deposited in a quiet environment - Common sites of deposition are lakes - deltas at the mouths of rivers - beaches and sandbars along the coast - and (most important) the marine environment
Mantle
Strata
Axis tilt
The distinction between asteroids and comets
15. Center: 3000
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16. Stars with the highest ___________ appear blue - while stars with the lowest surface temperature appear red
- mP
Surface temperature
The earth's structure
Rock salt
17. The tendency of a moving object to stay in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place - Without _______ - a planet would be pulled into the sun
Inertia
Ways magma can form
Divergent plate movements
Sun's gravity
18. Condensed water vapor that falls to the earth's surface - Most precipitation occurs as rain - but also includes snow - hail - fog drip - graupel - and sleet
Crust
Precipitation
El Nino and La Nina
Limestone
19. The major mountains tend to occur in __________ - indicating tectonic plate boundaries and activity
Tides
Opposite seasons
Long linear arcs
Block mountains or fold mountains
20. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England
Neap tide/neaps
Types of galaxies
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Longitude
21. The movement of rainwater as it filters through soil and rocks into the ground - becoming groundwater
Long linear arcs
Tides
Percolation
Volcano
22. Theory that the earth's continents were originally united as a supercontinent - Pangaea - Established by Alfred Wegener in the early 1900s
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Long linear arcs
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
Continental drift
23. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an
Continental drift
Sedimentary rocks
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
Evapotranspiration
24. Formed from calcium carbonate - also an example of chemical sedimentary rocks - like roock salt - can contain organic or once - living matter and can record the history of that matter's formation in features such as strata - fossil evidence - and rip
Limestone
- mP
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Galaxies
25. A ______________ - such as the Mid - Atlantic Ridge - has examples of volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates pulling apart
Speed of light
Convergent plate movements
Mid - oceanic ridge
Solar wind
26. Large - dark clouds that indicate thunderstorms
Cumulonibus clouds
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Subduction zones
Minerals
27. Believed to originate at a much greater distance from the Sun - in a cloud (the Oort cloud) consisting of debris left over from the condensation of solar nebula - Comets are thrown from the outer planets or nearby stars - or as a result of collisions
Examples to support Continental drift theory
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Snow packs
Long - period comets
28. The evaporation of these oceans is how we get most of our __________ - and their temperature determines our climate and wind patterns
Volcano
Solar radiation
The earth's structure
Rainfall
29. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)
Spring tide
New moon
Gravity and inertia
Troposhere
30. - The materials left over after the rock breaks down combine with organic material - The mineral content is determined by the parent material; thus - a soil derived from a single rock type can often be deficient in one or more minerals for good ferti
Sedimentary rocks
Soil
Maritime air
Strata
31. The strong temperature contrast between polar and tropical air gives rise to the ________
Opposite seasons
Weathering
jet stream
snow
32. There are approx. _____ days between each lunar cycle
Latitude
Coral reef
Earth's crust
29.5
33. A huge ball of incandescent gases - Its mass is more than 300000 times that of the earth - Principal constituents are the lightest elements - hydrogen and helium
Percolation
Seasons
Sun
Strata
34. A region of the earth that has uniform standard time - usually referred to as the local time - divided into standard and daylight saving (or summer)
Time zone
precipitation
Altostratus clouds
Valley breeze
35. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures
aquifers
The most abundant minerals in the crust
lower elevation
The rock cycle
36. A natural flow of water - usually freshwater - traveling toward an ocean - a lake - or another stream
Climate
Nuclear fusion
15
River
37. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth
Hydrologic cycle
Mineral color
Moon
Latitude
38. (in descending order of size) the Pacific Ocean - the Atlantic Ocean - the Indian Ocean - the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean
Major oceans
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
Cirrus clouds
The geological time scale
39. Occurs at the instant when the sun's position in the sky is at its greatest angular distance on the other side of the equatorial plane from the observer's hemisphere - Depending on the shift of the calendar - the winter solstice occurs some time betw
Winter solstice
Rainfall
Comet
Nuclear fusion
40. Affected by factors such as weathering and impurities
Rain shadow
29.5
Stratus clouds
Mineral color
41. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the same area - Atlanta tropical cyclone activity is generally enhanced during La Nina - Often follows the El Nino - especially when the latter is strong
La Nina
Pacific Ring of Fire
Erosion and land use
Rocky planets and moons
42. Runoff and groundwater are stored as ________ in lakes
Crust
freshwater
5.6
Neap tide/neaps
43. Take up about 1/3 of the earth's land surface - many are formed by rain shadows - Usually have a large diurnal (day) and seasonal temperature range - with high daytime temperatures
Extrusive
Planets
Deserts
- cP
44. Can thaw and melt - and the ensuing water flows overland as snowmelt
Limestone
Earth
Density
Snow packs
45. Travels in an orbit that is slightly elliptical (oval) - and so the distance from the sun ranges from 91.5 to 94.5 million miles - Its daily rotation deforms the earth to a flattened spheroid - with a polar radius slightly less than the equatorial ra
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
Earth
46. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy
Nuclear fusion
Neap tide/neaps
The Gulf - Stream
Types of galaxies
47. Forms over the Tropics and is warm
Galaxies
Tropical air
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Subsurface flow
48. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p
Latitude
Volcano
Time zone
World/global ocean
49. The process in which one type of rock changes into another
Plate tectonics
The rock cycle
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Condensation
50. The difference between levels of ocean water at high and low tides
Eclipses
Surface temperature differences
Tidal range
Mechanical/physical weathering