Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Characterized by similar temperatures and moisture levels






2. Refers to the long - term weather patterns of a large geographical area and takes into account temperature - humidity - and precipitation






3. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths






4. Pulls the planets toward the sun - while their inertia keeps them moving forward in an elliptical orbit around the sun

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5. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal






6. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures






7. 186000 miles/second






8. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals (also known as biological weathering)






9. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away






10. Spiral - elliptical - and irregular form are speckled throughout the visible universe - Largest telescope has detected galaxies to its limit of several billion light - years






11. Earth movements - The result of forces within the earth - where temperature and pressure differences lead to instability






12. Around a new or full moon - when the sun - moon - and the earth form a line - the tidal forces due to the sun reinforce those of the moon - The tide's range is at a maximum and is called a spring tide (spring as in 'to jump/leap -' not the season)






13. The difference between levels of ocean water at high and low tides






14. Comprises one global - interconnected body of salt water often (though generally recognized as several separate oceans) - A continuous body of water with relatively free interchange among its parts






15. A warm - water current that carries warm water from the Tropics to the Arctic regions of the North Atlantic Ocean - This accounts for higher temperatures and higher humidity on the Eastern Seaboard during the summer






16. The North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean - and thus its temperature extremes are buffered by the water - The result is that the South Pole is consistently _______ during the southern winter than the North Pole during the northern winter






17. Sun heats water in the oceans - Water evaporates as vapor into the air - Ice and snow can sublimate directly into water vapor...- Over time - the water reenters the ocean - where the water cycle started






18. A land form that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area - with a peak - Usually produced by the movement of lithospheric plates






19. Different visual appearance; when discovered - comets show a perceptible coma while asteroids do not






20. The spectra of distant objects display a red shift - which is interpreted as meaning that they are rapidly receding from us - This apparent expansion of the universe has given rise to the big bang theory of cosmology - in which one primeval mass expl






21. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon






22. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the same area - Atlanta tropical cyclone activity is generally enhanced during La Nina - Often follows the El Nino - especially when the latter is strong






23. The movement of rainwater as it filters through soil and rocks into the ground - becoming groundwater






24. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun






25. The strong temperature contrast between polar and tropical air gives rise to the ________






26. - The materials left over after the rock breaks down combine with organic material - The mineral content is determined by the parent material; thus - a soil derived from a single rock type can often be deficient in one or more minerals for good ferti






27. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog






28. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th






29. A major determiner of coastal climate






30. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000






31. Takes place when the moon passes between the earth and the sun - with the moon blocking the sunlight for about two minutes - A total ___________ may be seen only from a small zone on the earth






32. Sometimes called minor planets or planetoids - Bodies






33. Younger beds were originally deposited above older beds






34. The result of the buildup of once - living things






35. Some infiltration stays close to the land surface and can seep back into surface - water bodies (and the ocean) as...






36. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p






37. Further caused by the elliptical orbit of the earth - Earth reaches perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the sun) in January - and it reaches aphelion (farthest point from the sun) in July - Also depend on factors such as proximity to oceans






38. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes






39. Some precipitation falls as ____ and can accumulate as ice caps and glaciers - which can store water for thousands of years






40. Water transpired from plants and evaporated from the soil






41. The process of chemical or physical breakdown of earth rocks - soils - and their minerals






42. The outermost part of the earth's interior is made up of two layers...






43. Seas - gulfs - bays - and other names






44. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...






45. The science of the atmosphere and weather






46. Forms over water and is associated with wet air






47. There are approx. _____ days between each lunar cycle






48. Cause pressure differences - A hot surface heats the air above it and the air expands - lowering the air pressure and its density






49. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted






50. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5