Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Forms over water and is associated with wet air






2. Form when magma or lava cools and solidifies - Depending on the rate of cooling - can contain visible crystals - while others can appear glassy






3. The flow of water underground - in the vadose zone and aquifers - Subsurface water may return to the surface (as a spring or by being pumped) or eventually seep into the oceans






4. Condensed water vapor that falls to the earth's surface - Most precipitation occurs as rain - but also includes snow - hail - fog drip - graupel - and sleet






5. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift






6. Takes place when the moon passes between the earth and the sun - with the moon blocking the sunlight for about two minutes - A total ___________ may be seen only from a small zone on the earth






7. How much matter is in the object






8. Some groundwater finds openings in the land surface and emerges as...






9. Seasons are marked by changes in the amount of sunlight - which in turn often cause cycles of dormancy in plants and hibernation in animals - These effects vary with latitude and with proximity to bodies of water






10. Igneous rock that forms on the earth's surface - Examples obsidian - basalt - and pumice






11. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration






12. Large - dark clouds that indicate thunderstorms






13. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate






14. Two feldspars (orthoclase and plagioclase) - quartz - olivine - and augite - These five minerals are silicates - built from interlocking silicon and oxygen atoms






15. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths






16. Classified as warm - water or cold - water currents






17. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals (also known as biological weathering)






18. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth






19. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England






20. The North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean - and thus its temperature extremes are buffered by the water - The result is that the South Pole is consistently _______ during the southern winter than the North Pole during the northern winter






21. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune






22. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...

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23. (or summer time zones) include an offset (typically +1 hour) for daylight saving time






24. The degrees north or south of the equator






25. The fossiliferous strata record is only the last __% of the earth's history






26. Sun heats water in the oceans - Water evaporates as vapor into the air - Ice and snow can sublimate directly into water vapor...- Over time - the water reenters the ocean - where the water cycle started






27. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed






28. The result of the buildup of once - living things






29. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the






30. Occur along plate boundaries






31. A major determiner of coastal climate






32. The resulting dust layer would act as a shield - blocking out much of the sun's rays - This would result in lower global temperatures and a general _____ of the earth






33. Occurs when the moon sets at sunset - Then the moon is between the earth and the sun - so we see only the dark half of the moon






34. Most sediments were deposited in beds that were originally horizontal - and any tilting is due to later earth movements






35. There are approx. _____ days between each lunar cycle






36. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...






37. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic






38. The lateral movement of the plates is typically at speeds of ___ mm annually






39. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p






40. Some water infiltrates deep into the ground and replenishes ________ - which store huge amounts of freshwater for long periods of time






41. Sometimes called minor planets or planetoids - Bodies






42. (in descending order of size) the Pacific Ocean - the Atlantic Ocean - the Indian Ocean - the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean






43. Faulting and folding






44. Occur when two plates slip past each other - Such faults are generally moderate and are relatively shallow Example: The San Andreas Fault






45. Travels in an orbit that is slightly elliptical (oval) - and so the distance from the sun ranges from 91.5 to 94.5 million miles - Its daily rotation deforms the earth to a flattened spheroid - with a polar radius slightly less than the equatorial ra






46. Occur when two plates pull away from each other - Such faults are generally weak and shallow Example: the Mid - Atlantic Range in the Atlantic Ocean






47. Ancient astronomers found that eclipses occurred periodically and learned to predict them accurately - Lunar and solar






48. The runoff produced by melting snow






49. Defined by geometrically subdividing the earth's spheroid into 24 lunes (wedge - shaped sections) - bordered by meridians - each 15






50. Seas - gulfs - bays - and other names