Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Form when magma or lava cools and solidifies - Depending on the rate of cooling - can contain visible crystals - while others can appear glassy






2. Occur when two plates pull away from each other - Such faults are generally weak and shallow Example: the Mid - Atlantic Range in the Atlantic Ocean






3. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon






4. A region of the earth that has uniform standard time - usually referred to as the local time - divided into standard and daylight saving (or summer)






5. Solar Atmosphere is divided into the inner chromosphere with explosive prominences and the outer corona - a glowing halo visible only during a total eclipse - Constantly emitting particles as a...






6. The lateral movement of the plates is typically at speeds of ___ mm annually






7. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed






8. Zero degrees latitude - generally has a tropical climate (warm and wet); at the extreme northern and southern latitudes (polar regions) - the climate is very cold and dry






9. Rising air currents take the vapor up into the atmopshere where cooler temperatures cause it to condense into ____






10. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone






11. Earth movements - The result of forces within the earth - where temperature and pressure differences lead to instability






12. Refers to the long - term weather patterns of a large geographical area and takes into account temperature - humidity - and precipitation






13. Some infiltration stays close to the land surface and can seep back into surface - water bodies (and the ocean) as...






14. The rising of the earth's ocean surface caused by the tidal forces of the moon and the sun acting on the oceans






15. Forms over the Tropics and is warm






16. 1 hour of time






17. Somewhat cooler disturbances in the photosphere






18. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)






19. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration






20. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years






21. Scientists theorize that massive volcanic eruptions on a global scale contributed to the earth's cooling - resulting in the onset of the...






22. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5






23. (in descending order of size) the Pacific Ocean - the Atlantic Ocean - the Indian Ocean - the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean






24. Bbreaking along flat surfaces






25. Takes approx. seven and a half earth months to revolve around the sun - Takes approx. eight earth months to rotate on its axis - a day on ________ is longer than a year






26. Method of using the present to interpret the past - Processes occurring today are observed carefully and their effects are measured - Then - geologists assume that similar effects in ancient rocks were caused by processes similar to those of the pres






27. Forms over land and is associated with dry air






28. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line






29. A continuous drill would find gas - oil - and water in that order - The three substances occur in their order of density - with the lightest substance on top and the heaviest on the bottom






30. - The materials left over after the rock breaks down combine with organic material - The mineral content is determined by the parent material; thus - a soil derived from a single rock type can often be deficient in one or more minerals for good ferti






31. There are approx. _____ days between each lunar cycle






32. Loose collections of ice - dust - and small rocky particles - measuring a few kilometers or tens of kilometers across






33. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the






34. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000






35. Two feldspars (orthoclase and plagioclase) - quartz - olivine - and augite - These five minerals are silicates - built from interlocking silicon and oxygen atoms






36. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th






37. The flow of water underground - in the vadose zone and aquifers - Subsurface water may return to the surface (as a spring or by being pumped) or eventually seep into the oceans






38. Volcanoes are generally found where ________ are diverging or converging






39. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift






40. Typically the tidal mouths of rivers and are often characterized by _____________ or silt carried in from terrestrial runoff - frequently from offshore






41. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler

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42. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog






43. Different visual appearance; when discovered - comets show a perceptible coma while asteroids do not






44. Hotspot volcanoes are also found elsewhere in the Solar System - especially on...






45. Seasons are marked by changes in the amount of sunlight - which in turn often cause cycles of dormancy in plants and hibernation in animals - These effects vary with latitude and with proximity to bodies of water






46. Characterized by similar temperatures and moisture levels






47. The outermost part of the earth's interior is made up of two layers...






48. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an






49. Some water infiltrates deep into the ground and replenishes ________ - which store huge amounts of freshwater for long periods of time






50. On maps - the characteristics of an air mass are represented by two letters: The lowercase letter represents ________ - and the uppercase letter represents temperature