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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line
Gravity and inertia
Mantle
The big bang theory of cosmology
Tropical air
2. Further caused by the elliptical orbit of the earth - Earth reaches perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the sun) in January - and it reaches aphelion (farthest point from the sun) in July - Also depend on factors such as proximity to oceans
The distinction between asteroids and comets
- mP
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
River
3. Loose collections of ice - dust - and small rocky particles - measuring a few kilometers or tens of kilometers across
Photosphere
Comet nuclei
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
The earth's structure
4. Form when magma or lava cools and solidifies - Depending on the rate of cooling - can contain visible crystals - while others can appear glassy
Chemical weathering
Scratch test
Intrusive
Igneous rocks
5. Test the item against materials of known hardness; for example - use your fingernail or the graphite in a pencil to attempt to scratch the items. This process should result in assigning a relative hardness to the unknown items.
Stratus clouds
Scratch test
Fossils
Diurnal
6. The farther from the tropics you are positioned - the ________ the angle of the sun - This causes those locations to be cooler due to the indirect sunlight
lower
Stratus clouds
Solar System
Mineral color
7. After the moon has waxed through crescent - quarter - and gibbous phases - a ________ appears - At that time - the moon rises at sunset - and we see all of its illuminated side - Then the phase wanes gradually to another new moon
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
15
Petroleum exploration
Full moon
8. Scientists theorize that massive volcanic eruptions on a global scale contributed to the earth's cooling - resulting in the onset of the...
Ice Age
Estuary
Chaotic system
The distinction between asteroids and comets
9. The North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean - and thus its temperature extremes are buffered by the water - The result is that the South Pole is consistently _______ during the southern winter than the North Pole during the northern winter
Winter solstice
Colder
Chaotic system
Estuary
10. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000
Rainfall
freshwater springs
Photosphere
Colder
11. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration
Scratch test
Pacific Ring of Fire
Solar wind
Transpiration
12. The Pacific Ring of Fire has examples of volcanoes caused by ___________ coming together
Convergent tectonic plates
Canopy interception
Evapotranspiration
jet stream
13. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...
Surface temperature
Types of clouds
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Subsurface flow
14. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog
Mechanical/physical weathering
Condensation
Crustal rocks
aquifers
15. Continental tropical (dry - warm air)
- cT
Coral reef
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
16. The process of chemical or physical breakdown of earth rocks - soils - and their minerals
Neap tide/neaps
Parallax
Weathering
Condensation
17. A continuous drill would find gas - oil - and water in that order - The three substances occur in their order of density - with the lightest substance on top and the heaviest on the bottom
Solar radiation
Photosphere
Troposhere
Petroleum exploration
18. Giant masses of solid rock that float upon the earth's mantle - These plates move in relation to one another at one of three types of plate boundaries...
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Earth
Strata
19. Occurs when the moon sets at sunset - Then the moon is between the earth and the sun - so we see only the dark half of the moon
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
New moon
Longitude
Sun's gravity
20. Oceans cover __ of the earth's surface
3/4
Altostratus clouds
Galactic center
Rain shadow
21. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate
Metamorphic rocks
aquifers
Rocky planets and moons
Tectonic plates
22. Around a new or full moon - when the sun - moon - and the earth form a line - the tidal forces due to the sun reinforce those of the moon - The tide's range is at a maximum and is called a spring tide (spring as in 'to jump/leap -' not the season)
Semidiurnal
10000
Moon
Spring tide
23. On maps - the characteristics of an air mass are represented by two letters: The lowercase letter represents ________ - and the uppercase letter represents temperature
Valley breeze
Why weather occurs
moisture
Latitude
24. Occur when two plates push together - Such faults are strong and relatively deep - Where the strongest earthquakes occur Example: mountain building in the Himalayas and the Andes
Sunspots
Convergent plate movements
Moon
Igneous rocks
25. The movement of rainwater as it filters through soil and rocks into the ground - becoming groundwater
Weather phenomena on earth
Percolation
Deserts
The earth's structure
26. Affected by factors such as weathering and impurities
Lithosphere
Mohs' scale of hardness
Solar System
Mineral color
27. Earth movements - The result of forces within the earth - where temperature and pressure differences lead to instability
Clastic
Crustal rocks
Weathering
clouds
28. The earth is believed to be about ___ billion years old
5.6
Stars
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
The most abundant minerals in the crust
29. Occur when two plates pull away from each other - Such faults are generally weak and shallow Example: the Mid - Atlantic Range in the Atlantic Ocean
precipitation
Divergent plate movements
groundwater discharge
Long linear arcs
30. Occur when two plates slip past each other - Such faults are generally moderate and are relatively shallow Example: The San Andreas Fault
Transform plate movements
Inertia
Semidiurnal
Runoff
31. The source of energy for evaporation is primarily through ___________
Solar radiation
Intrusive
Crustal rocks
Volcano
32. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
Spring tide
Styles of rock deformation
33. Classified as warm - water or cold - water currents
Evaporation
Surface ocean currents
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
- mP
34. The strong temperature contrast between polar and tropical air gives rise to the ________
jet stream
Cirrus clouds
Equinoxes
Cleavage
35. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p
Block mountains or fold mountains
Comet nuclei
3/4
Volcano
36. Water transpired from plants and evaporated from the soil
Block mountains or fold mountains
50-100
Evapotranspiration
La Nina
37. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed
The geological time scale
Meteorology
Hydrologic concepts
Cleavage
38. An individual weighing 200 lbs on Earth would weigh more on a _______________ - Weight is a function of gravity
Solar wind
larger planet
Mechanical/physical weathering
Orogenic zones
39. Some water infiltrates deep into the ground and replenishes ________ - which store huge amounts of freshwater for long periods of time
3/4
Convergent plate movements
Altostratus clouds
aquifers
40. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the same area - Atlanta tropical cyclone activity is generally enhanced during La Nina - Often follows the El Nino - especially when the latter is strong
Coral reef
La Nina
Condensation
El Nino and La Nina
41. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal
Andromeda galaxy
Subsurface flow
Semidiurnal
Law of original horizontality
42. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon
Plate tectonics
Surface ocean temperature
46%
Semidiurnal
43. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th
Cirrus clouds
New moon
Law of superposition
El Nino
44. This scale assigns a fixed number to 10 reference materials. Talc (1) is the softest and diamond (10) is the hardest
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45. Bodies similar to the sun but immensely distant - Closest stars are 4 light - years away
Stars
Mantle plumes
Crustal rocks
Latitude
46. The motive force behind land breezes and sea/lake breezes - also known as on - or off - shore winds - Land absorbs and radiates heat faster than water - but water releases heat over a longer period of time
Intrusive
Differential heating
Types of galaxies
Transpiration
47. The transformation of water from liquid to gas phases as it moves from the ground or bodies of water into the overlying atmosphere
lower
Groundwater
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
Evaporation
48. The science of the atmosphere and weather
Subsurface flow
Meteorology
Neap tide/neaps
Distance
49. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler
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50. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow
Volcano
Tidal range
Block mountains or fold mountains
Altostratus clouds
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