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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans
freshwater springs
Eclipses
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Asteroids
2. The cold - water current that flows north to south off the _____________ keeps the West Coast fairly cool during the summer - Cold - water currents create cooler temperatures in areas that would otherwise be much warmer
California coast
Moon
Metamorphic rocks
Mantle plumes
3. Some water infiltrates deep into the ground and replenishes ________ - which store huge amounts of freshwater for long periods of time
Distance
aquifers
Cleavage
Asteroids
4. The tendency of a moving object to stay in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place - Without _______ - a planet would be pulled into the sun
- cT
46%
Tropical air
Inertia
5. Runoff and groundwater are stored as ________ in lakes
Earth's crust
Styles of rock deformation
Igneous rocks
freshwater
6. 4 terrestrials: Mercury - Venus - Mars - Earth 4 gas giants: Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune At least 5 dwarf planets: Ceres - Pluto - Makemake - Haumea - Eris
- mP
Solar System
Continental air
Short - period comets
7. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England
Nuclear fusion
Convergent plate movements
Standard time zones
Longitude
8. Some groundwater finds openings in the land surface and emerges as...
Transpiration
New moon
freshwater springs
Conglomerates
9. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes
Block mountains or fold mountains
Eclipses
Types of clouds
Crust
10. Typically the tidal mouths of rivers and are often characterized by _____________ or silt carried in from terrestrial runoff - frequently from offshore
Polar air
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
Sedimentation
Cleavage
11. Classified as warm - water or cold - water currents
Surface temperature differences
Extrusive
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
Surface ocean currents
12. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate
Standard time zones
Continental air
46%
Metamorphic rocks
13. Most sediments were deposited in beds that were originally horizontal - and any tilting is due to later earth movements
Law of original horizontality
Groundwater
Estuary
Density
14. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line
Gravity and inertia
Standard time zones
The most abundant minerals in the crust
The distinction between asteroids and comets
15. Scientists theorize that massive volcanic eruptions on a global scale contributed to the earth's cooling - resulting in the onset of the...
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Crustal rocks
Ice Age
16. The runoff produced by melting snow
Runoff
Scratch test
Snowmelt
Evaporation
17. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years
Groundwater
Surface temperature differences
Earth's crust
Parallax
18. Travels in an orbit that is slightly elliptical (oval) - and so the distance from the sun ranges from 91.5 to 94.5 million miles - Its daily rotation deforms the earth to a flattened spheroid - with a polar radius slightly less than the equatorial ra
Crustal rocks
precipitation
Earth
New moon
19. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration
Parallax
Estuary
Transpiration
Latitude
20. The movement (carrying away or displacement) of solids (sediment - soil - rock - and other particles) - usually by the agents of currents such as wind - water - or ice by downward or down - slope movement in response to gravity
Law of original horizontality
Fossils
Solar eclipse
Erosion
21. Gas giants Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus and Neptune have diameters far larger than Earth's and have far greater masses
El Nino
Weight and mass
Snowmelt
Fossils
22. Tides may be...
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
Conglomerates
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Standard time zones
23. Maritime tropical (wet - warm air)
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
precipitation
- mT
jet stream
24. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow
Transform plate movements
Surface temperature differences
Altostratus clouds
Evaporation
25. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e
Short - period comets
Equinoxes
Metamorphic rocks
Sedimentation
26. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics
Galaxies
Why weather occurs
Long - period comets
Surface ocean temperature
27. A semi - closed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it - and with a free connection to the open sea - Often associated with high levels of biological diversity - They are made up of brackish water - Often given names
Conglomerates
Runoff
Eclipses
Estuary
28. Different visual appearance; when discovered - comets show a perceptible coma while asteroids do not
Solar eclipse
- mT
Igneous rocks
The distinction between asteroids and comets
29. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...
Parallax
Erosion and land use
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Colder
30. Can thaw and melt - and the ensuing water flows overland as snowmelt
Snow packs
Chaotic system
Weathering
Diurnal
31. The motive force behind land breezes and sea/lake breezes - also known as on - or off - shore winds - Land absorbs and radiates heat faster than water - but water releases heat over a longer period of time
Maritime air
Weather phenomena on earth
Rainfall
Differential heating
32. The process in which one type of rock changes into another
clouds
Colder
Rain shadow
The rock cycle
33. The strong temperature contrast between polar and tropical air gives rise to the ________
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
River
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
jet stream
34. Refers to the long - term weather patterns of a large geographical area and takes into account temperature - humidity - and precipitation
Climate
Intrusive
Snowmelt
Lithosphere
35. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths
Surface temperature differences
Uniformitarianism
Intrusive
Percolation
36. Ancient astronomers found that eclipses occurred periodically and learned to predict them accurately - Lunar and solar
- cT
Eclipses
Estuary
Ice Age
37. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth
Semidiurnal
Moon
Types of galaxies
Daylight saving time zones
38. Solar Atmosphere is divided into the inner chromosphere with explosive prominences and the outer corona - a glowing halo visible only during a total eclipse - Constantly emitting particles as a...
Scratch test
Spring tide
Coral reef
Solar wind
39. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift
Latitude
River
Axis tilt
Orogenic zones
40. Continental tropical (dry - warm air)
- cT
Mountain
Pacific Ring of Fire
Venus
41. Occur when two plates slip past each other - Such faults are generally moderate and are relatively shallow Example: The San Andreas Fault
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Transform plate movements
Semidiurnal
Extrusive
42. Method of using the present to interpret the past - Processes occurring today are observed carefully and their effects are measured - Then - geologists assume that similar effects in ancient rocks were caused by processes similar to those of the pres
Types of clouds
Law of original horizontality
Uniformitarianism
Surface temperature
43. Believed to originate at a much greater distance from the Sun - in a cloud (the Oort cloud) consisting of debris left over from the condensation of solar nebula - Comets are thrown from the outer planets or nearby stars - or as a result of collisions
Comet
Subduction zones
Chemical weathering
Long - period comets
44. Some infiltration stays close to the land surface and can seep back into surface - water bodies (and the ocean) as...
Condensation
50-100
Sun
groundwater discharge
45. Rocks are placed into groups according to how they form...
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
Transpiration
Subduction zones
Hydrologic concepts
46. A major determiner of coastal climate
Geology
Surface ocean temperature
Planets
Clastic
47. The rising of the earth's ocean surface caused by the tidal forces of the moon and the sun acting on the oceans
Tides
Major oceans
Small islands
Sunspots
48. A land form that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area - with a peak - Usually produced by the movement of lithospheric plates
Hydrologic concepts
3/4
Mountain
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
49. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert
lower elevation
Chaotic system
Rain shadow
Extrusive
50. Zero degrees latitude - generally has a tropical climate (warm and wet); at the extreme northern and southern latitudes (polar regions) - the climate is very cold and dry
The equator
moisture
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
Mountain breezes and valley breezes