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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Huge systems of stars - Milky Way is estimated to have 100 billion stars arranged in a great disk
Evaporation
Galaxies
Axis tilt
Rock salt
2. Air currents move clouds around the globe and cloud particles collide - grow - and fall out of the sky as ________ - Most of it falls back into the oceans or onto land - where the precipitation flows over the ground as surface runoff - portion of run
precipitation
Subsurface flow
Subduction zones
Colder
3. Take up about 1/3 of the earth's land surface - many are formed by rain shadows - Usually have a large diurnal (day) and seasonal temperature range - with high daytime temperatures
Deserts
Neap tide/neaps
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
4. Paleontology: Fossil evidence indicates the similarity of fossils on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean - Continental 'jigsaw puzzle': The outlines of the continents seem to fit together
Canopy interception
Examples to support Continental drift theory
Rainfall
Tidal range
5. The tendency of a moving object to stay in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place - Without _______ - a planet would be pulled into the sun
Weight and mass
Inertia
Long - period comets
Conglomerates
6. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line
moisture
Density
Convergent tectonic plates
Gravity and inertia
7. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e
Equinoxes
World/global ocean
Sun's gravity
Law of original horizontality
8. The layers of sediment deposited in a quiet environment - Common sites of deposition are lakes - deltas at the mouths of rivers - beaches and sandbars along the coast - and (most important) the marine environment
The earth's structure
Petroleum exploration
Strata
Igneous rocks
9. Travels in an orbit that is slightly elliptical (oval) - and so the distance from the sun ranges from 91.5 to 94.5 million miles - Its daily rotation deforms the earth to a flattened spheroid - with a polar radius slightly less than the equatorial ra
clouds
Snow packs
Earth
Transpiration
10. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Chemical weathering
Photosphere
Chemical sedimentary rocks
11. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal
Coral reef
clouds
Semidiurnal
Geology
12. Featherlike clouds that indicate fair weather
Cirrus clouds
Distance
Colder
- mT
13. Pulls the planets toward the sun - while their inertia keeps them moving forward in an elliptical orbit around the sun
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14. Takes approx. seven and a half earth months to revolve around the sun - Takes approx. eight earth months to rotate on its axis - a day on ________ is longer than a year
Igneous rocks
Venus
aquifers
Surface ocean temperature
15. Due to a combination of differential heating and geometry - hen the sun rises - it is the tops of the mountain peaks which receive first light - and as the day progresses - the mountain slopes take on a greater heat load than the valleys - This resul
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Evaporation
Comet
Comet nuclei
16. Giant masses of solid rock that float upon the earth's mantle - These plates move in relation to one another at one of three types of plate boundaries...
5.6
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
- mP
Air mass
17. Large - scale movements of the earth's lithosphere - - The theory encompasses the older concepts of continental drift (first half of 20th century) and seafloor spreading (1960s)
Continental air
Sublimation
Plate tectonics
Short - period comets
18. How much matter is in the object
larger planet
Density
Cirrus clouds
- cT
19. The science of the atmosphere and weather
Meteorology
World/global ocean
snow
lower elevation
20. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate
Metamorphic rocks
Hydrologic cycle
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
The geological time scale
21. Divided into two main types: large - low- density gas giants and smaller - rocky terrestrials - There are at least 341 identified _______ - 8 of which are in the Solar System
Law of superposition
La Nina
Planets
Polar air
22. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th
Long linear arcs
Sun's gravity
aquifers
El Nino
23. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through direct contact with atmospheric conditions such as heat - water - ice - and pressure
lower elevation
moisture
Mechanical/physical weathering
Plate tectonics
24. The resulting dust layer would act as a shield - blocking out much of the sun's rays - This would result in lower global temperatures and a general _____ of the earth
15
Air mass
cooling
Weather phenomena on earth
25. The rising of the earth's ocean surface caused by the tidal forces of the moon and the sun acting on the oceans
Rainfall
Tides
Block mountains or fold mountains
Major oceans
26. Rocks are placed into groups according to how they form...
Evaporation
Solar eclipse
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
15
27. A natural flow of water - usually freshwater - traveling toward an ocean - a lake - or another stream
Erosion and land use
River
Gravity and inertia
Sedimentary rocks
28. The science that describes and interprets the earth Fields: - Geomorphology (land forms) - Petrology (rocks) - Stratigraphy (layered rocks) - Paleontology (fossils)
Geology
percolation
Winter solstice
Solar radiation
29. Ancient astronomers found that eclipses occurred periodically and learned to predict them accurately - Lunar and solar
Moon
Snowmelt
Eclipses
Nuclear fusion
30. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an
Air mass
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
Moon
Sedimentary rocks
31. Cirrus - Stratus - Cumulonimbus - Altostratus
Types of clouds
The earth's structure
Andromeda galaxy
The distinction between asteroids and comets
32. Temperature - pressure - and composition
Small islands
Galactic center
Ways magma can form
Gravity and inertia
33. Believed to originate at a much greater distance from the Sun - in a cloud (the Oort cloud) consisting of debris left over from the condensation of solar nebula - Comets are thrown from the outer planets or nearby stars - or as a result of collisions
Long - period comets
larger planet
Convergent plate movements
Rocky planets and moons
34. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths
Crustal rocks
El Nino and La Nina
Photosphere
Intrusive
35. Natural chemical compounds that are the crystals that make up rocks - Each has a specific composition or narrow range of composition
Plate tectonics
Continental air
Deserts
Minerals
36. Stars with the highest ___________ appear blue - while stars with the lowest surface temperature appear red
Surface temperature
Mantle plumes
Hydrologic concepts
10000
37. The precipitation that is intercepted by plant foliage and eventually evaporates back to the atmosphere rather than falling to the ground
World/global ocean
Canopy interception
Colder
The geological time scale
38. Darkens the moon as the earth passes between it and the sun - casting a shadow on the moon - may be seen from anywhere the moon is visible - about half of the earth
Minerals
Short - period comets
Mantle plumes
Lunar eclipse
39. Large - dark clouds that indicate thunderstorms
Cumulonibus clouds
Minerals
aquifers
Colder
40. The strength of gravity in our solar system depends on both the masses of the celestial objects and the _______ between them
Distance
cooling
Evapotranspiration
Mantle
41. Typically the tidal mouths of rivers and are often characterized by _____________ or silt carried in from terrestrial runoff - frequently from offshore
Petroleum exploration
Axis tilt
Sedimentation
Tropical air
42. Around a new or full moon - when the sun - moon - and the earth form a line - the tidal forces due to the sun reinforce those of the moon - The tide's range is at a maximum and is called a spring tide (spring as in 'to jump/leap -' not the season)
Spring tide
Stratus clouds
Air mass
Solar radiation
43. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)
The geological time scale
Troposhere
Evapotranspiration
Smaller regions of the oceans
44. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes
Planets
Sun's gravity
Crust
Sun
45. The difference between levels of ocean water at high and low tides
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
50-100
Tidal range
World/global ocean
46. A warm - water current that carries warm water from the Tropics to the Arctic regions of the North Atlantic Ocean - This accounts for higher temperatures and higher humidity on the Eastern Seaboard during the summer
cooling
Transform plate movements
The Gulf - Stream
Speed of light
47. The evaporation of these oceans is how we get most of our __________ - and their temperature determines our climate and wind patterns
Differential heating
5.6
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Rainfall
48. The spectra of distant objects display a red shift - which is interpreted as meaning that they are rapidly receding from us - This apparent expansion of the universe has given rise to the big bang theory of cosmology - in which one primeval mass expl
Rocky planets and moons
Convergent plate movements
The big bang theory of cosmology
precipitation
49. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow
Scratch test
Altostratus clouds
World/global ocean
Equinoxes
50. A ______________ - such as the Mid - Atlantic Ridge - has examples of volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates pulling apart
Comet
Maritime air
Mid - oceanic ridge
Planets