Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The best determiner of climate - as it is consistently and directly correlated with temperature - other factors: Rain shadows - as well as water currents - elevation and so forth






2. Stars with the highest ___________ appear blue - while stars with the lowest surface temperature appear red






3. Volcanoes are also found in __________ - where the denser oceanic plates are forced under continental plates; this adds massive volumes of water to the mantle - allowing magma to melt more readily and rise to the surface to form volcanoes






4. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...






5. Earth movements - The result of forces within the earth - where temperature and pressure differences lead to instability






6. The process of chemical or physical breakdown of earth rocks - soils - and their minerals






7. Not all runoff flows into rivers; much of it infiltrates into the ground through...






8. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic






9. Around a new or full moon - when the sun - moon - and the earth form a line - the tidal forces due to the sun reinforce those of the moon - The tide's range is at a maximum and is called a spring tide (spring as in 'to jump/leap -' not the season)






10. Travels in an orbit that is slightly elliptical (oval) - and so the distance from the sun ranges from 91.5 to 94.5 million miles - Its daily rotation deforms the earth to a flattened spheroid - with a polar radius slightly less than the equatorial ra






11. A land form that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area - with a peak - Usually produced by the movement of lithospheric plates






12. Pulls the planets toward the sun - while their inertia keeps them moving forward in an elliptical orbit around the sun

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13. Smooth layers of low clouds that indicate a chance of drizzle or snow






14. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures






15. Scientists theorize that massive volcanic eruptions on a global scale contributed to the earth's cooling - resulting in the onset of the...






16. The rising of the earth's ocean surface caused by the tidal forces of the moon and the sun acting on the oceans






17. Some precipitation falls as ____ and can accumulate as ice caps and glaciers - which can store water for thousands of years






18. 4 terrestrials: Mercury - Venus - Mars - Earth 4 gas giants: Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune At least 5 dwarf planets: Ceres - Pluto - Makemake - Haumea - Eris






19. When the moon is at first quarter or third quarter - the sun - earth and moon form a 90- degree (right) angle with the earth at the vertex - The combined effect of this alignment of the sun - earth - and moon results in tidal ranges on the earth - Wh






20. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy






21. The result of the buildup of once - living things






22. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...






23. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the






24. Defined by geometrically subdividing the earth's spheroid into 24 lunes (wedge - shaped sections) - bordered by meridians - each 15






25. Forms over the Tropics and is warm






26. The atmosphere is a __________ - and so small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole - This makes it difficult to accurately predict weather more than a few days in advance






27. Water transpired from plants and evaporated from the soil






28. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)






29. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years






30. The tendency of a moving object to stay in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place - Without _______ - a planet would be pulled into the sun






31. Featherlike clouds that indicate fair weather






32. Take up about 1/3 of the earth's land surface - many are formed by rain shadows - Usually have a large diurnal (day) and seasonal temperature range - with high daytime temperatures






33. Rising air currents take the vapor up into the atmopshere where cooler temperatures cause it to condense into ____






34. Two feldspars (orthoclase and plagioclase) - quartz - olivine - and augite - These five minerals are silicates - built from interlocking silicon and oxygen atoms






35. (in descending order of size) the Pacific Ocean - the Atlantic Ocean - the Indian Ocean - the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean






36. Some infiltration stays close to the land surface and can seep back into surface - water bodies (and the ocean) as...






37. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate






38. Formed by sodium chloride






39. Formed from calcium carbonate - also an example of chemical sedimentary rocks - like roock salt - can contain organic or once - living matter and can record the history of that matter's formation in features such as strata - fossil evidence - and rip






40. Giant masses of solid rock that float upon the earth's mantle - These plates move in relation to one another at one of three types of plate boundaries...






41. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an






42. Refers to the long - term weather patterns of a large geographical area and takes into account temperature - humidity - and precipitation






43. Most sediments were deposited in beds that were originally horizontal - and any tilting is due to later earth movements






44. - The materials left over after the rock breaks down combine with organic material - The mineral content is determined by the parent material; thus - a soil derived from a single rock type can often be deficient in one or more minerals for good ferti






45. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line






46. Characterized by similar temperatures and moisture levels






47. Typically the tidal mouths of rivers and are often characterized by _____________ or silt carried in from terrestrial runoff - frequently from offshore






48. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e






49. Theory that the earth's continents were originally united as a supercontinent - Pangaea - Established by Alfred Wegener in the early 1900s






50. Younger beds were originally deposited above older beds