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CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy






2. Defined by geometrically subdividing the earth's spheroid into 24 lunes (wedge - shaped sections) - bordered by meridians - each 15






3. The process in which one type of rock changes into another






4. The evaporation of these oceans is how we get most of our __________ - and their temperature determines our climate and wind patterns






5. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift






6. Paleontology: Fossil evidence indicates the similarity of fossils on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean - Continental 'jigsaw puzzle': The outlines of the continents seem to fit together






7. The spectra of distant objects display a red shift - which is interpreted as meaning that they are rapidly receding from us - This apparent expansion of the universe has given rise to the big bang theory of cosmology - in which one primeval mass expl






8. Maritime tropical (wet - warm air)






9. The runoff produced by melting snow






10. The Pacific Ring of Fire has examples of volcanoes caused by ___________ coming together






11. Takes approx. seven and a half earth months to revolve around the sun - Takes approx. eight earth months to rotate on its axis - a day on ________ is longer than a year






12. Bodies similar to the sun but immensely distant - Closest stars are 4 light - years away






13. Erosion in many places is increased by human land use - Poor land - use practices include deforestation - overgrazing - unmanaged construction activity - and road building






14. (or summer time zones) include an offset (typically +1 hour) for daylight saving time






15. Some groundwater finds openings in the land surface and emerges as...






16. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals (also known as biological weathering)






17. Loose collections of ice - dust - and small rocky particles - measuring a few kilometers or tens of kilometers across






18. Scientists theorize that massive volcanic eruptions on a global scale contributed to the earth's cooling - resulting in the onset of the...






19. Can thaw and melt - and the ensuing water flows overland as snowmelt






20. Typically the tidal mouths of rivers and are often characterized by _____________ or silt carried in from terrestrial runoff - frequently from offshore






21. Faulting and folding






22. Rising air currents take the vapor up into the atmopshere where cooler temperatures cause it to condense into ____






23. Continental tropical (dry - warm air)






24. Featherlike clouds that indicate fair weather






25. Air currents move clouds around the globe and cloud particles collide - grow - and fall out of the sky as ________ - Most of it falls back into the oceans or onto land - where the precipitation flows over the ground as surface runoff - portion of run






26. The flow of water underground - in the vadose zone and aquifers - Subsurface water may return to the surface (as a spring or by being pumped) or eventually seep into the oceans






27. Igneous rock that forms on the earth's surface - Examples obsidian - basalt - and pumice






28. The strength of gravity in our solar system depends on both the masses of the celestial objects and the _______ between them






29. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes






30. The atmosphere is a __________ - and so small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole - This makes it difficult to accurately predict weather more than a few days in advance






31. A warm - water current that carries warm water from the Tropics to the Arctic regions of the North Atlantic Ocean - This accounts for higher temperatures and higher humidity on the Eastern Seaboard during the summer






32. Ancient astronomers found that eclipses occurred periodically and learned to predict them accurately - Lunar and solar






33. Condensed water vapor that falls to the earth's surface - Most precipitation occurs as rain - but also includes snow - hail - fog drip - graupel - and sleet






34. 4 terrestrials: Mercury - Venus - Mars - Earth 4 gas giants: Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune At least 5 dwarf planets: Ceres - Pluto - Makemake - Haumea - Eris






35. When the moon is at first quarter or third quarter - the sun - earth and moon form a 90- degree (right) angle with the earth at the vertex - The combined effect of this alignment of the sun - earth - and moon results in tidal ranges on the earth - Wh






36. Rocks are placed into groups according to how they form...






37. (in descending order of size) the Pacific Ocean - the Atlantic Ocean - the Indian Ocean - the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean






38. A ______________ - such as the Mid - Atlantic Ridge - has examples of volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates pulling apart






39. The layers of sediment deposited in a quiet environment - Common sites of deposition are lakes - deltas at the mouths of rivers - beaches and sandbars along the coast - and (most important) the marine environment






40. One tidal cycle per day






41. Characterized by similar temperatures and moisture levels






42. Formed by sodium chloride






43. The best determiner of climate - as it is consistently and directly correlated with temperature - other factors: Rain shadows - as well as water currents - elevation and so forth






44. The major mountains tend to occur in __________ - indicating tectonic plate boundaries and activity






45. Divided into two main types: large - low- density gas giants and smaller - rocky terrestrials - There are at least 341 identified _______ - 8 of which are in the Solar System






46. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone






47. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate






48. This scale assigns a fixed number to 10 reference materials. Talc (1) is the softest and diamond (10) is the hardest

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49. A semi - closed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it - and with a free connection to the open sea - Often associated with high levels of biological diversity - They are made up of brackish water - Often given names






50. Affected by factors such as weathering and impurities







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