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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Forms over the Tropics and is warm
Earth's crust
El Nino and La Nina
Tropical air
percolation
2. Largest zone of the planet (68%); crystalline silicates - rich in magnesium - calcium - and iron; very hot and mainly solid - but local melting to magma is the source of volcanic eruptions
Deserts
Convergent plate movements
Limestone
Mantle
3. Travels in an orbit that is slightly elliptical (oval) - and so the distance from the sun ranges from 91.5 to 94.5 million miles - Its daily rotation deforms the earth to a flattened spheroid - with a polar radius slightly less than the equatorial ra
Rain shadow
Earth
Pacific Ring of Fire
Comet
4. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert
Rain shadow
Scratch test
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Rock salt
5. 186000 miles/second
Speed of light
Latitude
Solar wind
Smaller regions of the oceans
6. Further caused by the elliptical orbit of the earth - Earth reaches perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the sun) in January - and it reaches aphelion (farthest point from the sun) in July - Also depend on factors such as proximity to oceans
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Asteroids
Standard time zones
Types of galaxies
7. Some infiltration stays close to the land surface and can seep back into surface - water bodies (and the ocean) as...
Mid - oceanic ridge
groundwater discharge
Sun's gravity
Clastic
8. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away
Andromeda galaxy
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Crust
El Nino and La Nina
9. Forms over water and is associated with wet air
Maritime air
Long - period comets
Axis tilt
Eclipses
10. Some groundwater finds openings in the land surface and emerges as...
larger planet
freshwater springs
Subsurface flow
Transform plate movements
11. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the
Extrusive
Seasons
Short - period comets
The distinction between asteroids and comets
12. Large - scale movements of the earth's lithosphere - - The theory encompasses the older concepts of continental drift (first half of 20th century) and seafloor spreading (1960s)
Plate tectonics
Sedimentary rocks
Orogenic zones
Rocky planets and moons
13. Large - dark clouds that indicate thunderstorms
Semidiurnal
Solar System
precipitation
Cumulonibus clouds
14. The difference between levels of ocean water at high and low tides
Tidal range
Sun
Petroleum exploration
Surface temperature differences
15. Erosion in many places is increased by human land use - Poor land - use practices include deforestation - overgrazing - unmanaged construction activity - and road building
Erosion and land use
Comet nuclei
Fossils
Nuclear fusion
16. - The materials left over after the rock breaks down combine with organic material - The mineral content is determined by the parent material; thus - a soil derived from a single rock type can often be deficient in one or more minerals for good ferti
cooling
Chemical weathering
Conglomerates
Soil
17. Two feldspars (orthoclase and plagioclase) - quartz - olivine - and augite - These five minerals are silicates - built from interlocking silicon and oxygen atoms
Solar wind
Speed of light
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Meteorology
18. Center: 3000
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19. Earth movements - The result of forces within the earth - where temperature and pressure differences lead to instability
Stars
Scratch test
Earth's crust
Crustal rocks
20. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________
Short - period comets
Cumulonibus clouds
Galactic center
Estuary
21. Somewhat cooler disturbances in the photosphere
15
Sunspots
Smaller regions of the oceans
Surface temperature differences
22. 4 terrestrials: Mercury - Venus - Mars - Earth 4 gas giants: Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune At least 5 dwarf planets: Ceres - Pluto - Makemake - Haumea - Eris
Stratus clouds
Solar System
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Crust
23. A huge ball of incandescent gases - Its mass is more than 300000 times that of the earth - Principal constituents are the lightest elements - hydrogen and helium
Speed of light
Sun
Tectonic plates
lower elevation
24. Due to a combination of differential heating and geometry - hen the sun rises - it is the tops of the mountain peaks which receive first light - and as the day progresses - the mountain slopes take on a greater heat load than the valleys - This resul
World/global ocean
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Sublimation
Latitude
25. Paleontology: Fossil evidence indicates the similarity of fossils on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean - Continental 'jigsaw puzzle': The outlines of the continents seem to fit together
The big bang theory of cosmology
Examples to support Continental drift theory
Subsurface flow
Types of galaxies
26. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted
Runoff
Rocky planets and moons
Stars
Air mass
27. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths
Intrusive
5.6
Differential heating
cooling
28. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years
Types of galaxies
Surface ocean temperature
Examples to support Continental drift theory
10000
29. Precipitation - Canopy interception - Snowmelt - Runoff - Percolation - Subsurface flow- Evaporation - Sublimation - Condensation
Ways magma can form
Climate
Solar radiation
Hydrologic concepts
30. Volcanoes are generally found where ________ are diverging or converging
Tectonic plates
11
Sedimentary rocks
Chaotic system
31. The degrees north or south of the equator
larger planet
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
Comet nuclei
Latitude
32. This scale assigns a fixed number to 10 reference materials. Talc (1) is the softest and diamond (10) is the hardest
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33. The atmosphere is a __________ - and so small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole - This makes it difficult to accurately predict weather more than a few days in advance
Chaotic system
Opposite seasons
percolation
Mid - oceanic ridge
34. 1 hour of time
15
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
Semidiurnal
Crust
35. The science that describes and interprets the earth Fields: - Geomorphology (land forms) - Petrology (rocks) - Stratigraphy (layered rocks) - Paleontology (fossils)
El Nino
Spring tide
Cirrus clouds
Geology
36. Volcanoes are also found in __________ - where the denser oceanic plates are forced under continental plates; this adds massive volumes of water to the mantle - allowing magma to melt more readily and rise to the surface to form volcanoes
Weathering
Diurnal
Scratch test
Subduction zones
37. Affected by factors such as weathering and impurities
freshwater
Axis tilt
Mineral color
Solar wind
38. Oceans cover __ of the earth's surface
Percolation
3/4
World/global ocean
Sedimentation
39. The fossiliferous strata record is only the last __% of the earth's history
Mechanical/physical weathering
Clastic
11
Meteorology
40. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler
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41. The best determiner of climate - as it is consistently and directly correlated with temperature - other factors: Rain shadows - as well as water currents - elevation and so forth
Latitude
Igneous rocks
Moon
Mantle plumes
42. The evaporation of these oceans is how we get most of our __________ - and their temperature determines our climate and wind patterns
Pacific Ring of Fire
Rainfall
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Styles of rock deformation
43. Some precipitation falls as ____ and can accumulate as ice caps and glaciers - which can store water for thousands of years
Chemical weathering
The Gulf - Stream
snow
Strata
44. Tides may be...
- mP
Asteroids
29.5
Semidiurnal or diurnal
45. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the same area - Atlanta tropical cyclone activity is generally enhanced during La Nina - Often follows the El Nino - especially when the latter is strong
Types of galaxies
The equator
La Nina
Convergent tectonic plates
46. The North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean - and thus its temperature extremes are buffered by the water - The result is that the South Pole is consistently _______ during the southern winter than the North Pole during the northern winter
Colder
3/4
cooling
Subsurface flow
47. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone
- cP
Conglomerates
Examples to support Continental drift theory
Major oceans
48. Giant masses of solid rock that float upon the earth's mantle - These plates move in relation to one another at one of three types of plate boundaries...
larger planet
Mid - oceanic ridge
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Canopy interception
49. Defined by geometrically subdividing the earth's spheroid into 24 lunes (wedge - shaped sections) - bordered by meridians - each 15
Standard time zones
El Nino and La Nina
Venus
Erosion
50. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England
- cT
Transform plate movements
Longitude
Nuclear fusion
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