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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...
Rain shadow
Sedimentary rocks
Opposite seasons
El Nino
2. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures
lower elevation
Limestone
New moon
- cP
3. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun
Opposite seasons
Weathering
Parallax
Petroleum exploration
4. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon
Smaller regions of the oceans
Solar wind
Lunar eclipse
46%
5. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th
Cleavage
Weight and mass
El Nino
Cirrus clouds
6. Pulls the planets toward the sun - while their inertia keeps them moving forward in an elliptical orbit around the sun
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7. This upslope wind is called a...
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
Surface temperature differences
Valley breeze
Lunar eclipse
8. Takes place when the moon passes between the earth and the sun - with the moon blocking the sunlight for about two minutes - A total ___________ may be seen only from a small zone on the earth
Solar radiation
Air mass
Solar eclipse
Runoff
9. Travels in an orbit that is slightly elliptical (oval) - and so the distance from the sun ranges from 91.5 to 94.5 million miles - Its daily rotation deforms the earth to a flattened spheroid - with a polar radius slightly less than the equatorial ra
Scratch test
Neap tide/neaps
Galaxies
Earth
10. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Transpiration
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Air mass
11. Ancient astronomers found that eclipses occurred periodically and learned to predict them accurately - Lunar and solar
Eclipses
Planets
Rocky planets and moons
Mountain
12. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics
Precipitation
Why weather occurs
Pacific Ring of Fire
Snow packs
13. The strong temperature contrast between polar and tropical air gives rise to the ________
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Tectonic plates
3/4
jet stream
14. Forms over land and is associated with dry air
50-100
Continental air
Axis tilt
Neap tide/neaps
15. Large - scale movements of the earth's lithosphere - - The theory encompasses the older concepts of continental drift (first half of 20th century) and seafloor spreading (1960s)
aquifers
- mT
Plate tectonics
Subsurface flow
16. This scale assigns a fixed number to 10 reference materials. Talc (1) is the softest and diamond (10) is the hardest
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17. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years
Estuary
The Gulf - Stream
Surface temperature differences
10000
18. Stars with the highest ___________ appear blue - while stars with the lowest surface temperature appear red
Sun
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Galaxies
Surface temperature
19. After the moon has waxed through crescent - quarter - and gibbous phases - a ________ appears - At that time - the moon rises at sunset - and we see all of its illuminated side - Then the phase wanes gradually to another new moon
Short - period comets
Parallax
Earth's crust
Full moon
20. Bodies similar to the sun but immensely distant - Closest stars are 4 light - years away
Runoff
Stars
Soil
freshwater springs
21. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away
Andromeda galaxy
Metamorphic rocks
Transpiration
Earth's crust
22. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal
Galaxies
Deserts
Air mass
Semidiurnal
23. A region of the earth that has uniform standard time - usually referred to as the local time - divided into standard and daylight saving (or summer)
freshwater springs
El Nino
Time zone
Hydrologic cycle
24. The major mountains tend to occur in __________ - indicating tectonic plate boundaries and activity
The Gulf - Stream
Winter solstice
Long linear arcs
Crustal rocks
25. Defined by geometrically subdividing the earth's spheroid into 24 lunes (wedge - shaped sections) - bordered by meridians - each 15
Diurnal
Standard time zones
Long - period comets
Troposhere
26. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals (also known as biological weathering)
Mohs' scale of hardness
Surface temperature
Hydrologic cycle
Chemical weathering
27. A ______________ - such as the Mid - Atlantic Ridge - has examples of volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates pulling apart
Latitude
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
Mid - oceanic ridge
Transpiration
28. How much matter is in the object
Distance
Long - period comets
Density
aquifers
29. A semi - closed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it - and with a free connection to the open sea - Often associated with high levels of biological diversity - They are made up of brackish water - Often given names
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Diurnal
Tidal range
Estuary
30. Sometimes called minor planets or planetoids - Bodies
snow
Asteroids
Colder
Fossils
31. Believed to originate at a much greater distance from the Sun - in a cloud (the Oort cloud) consisting of debris left over from the condensation of solar nebula - Comets are thrown from the outer planets or nearby stars - or as a result of collisions
Long - period comets
Rocky planets and moons
Galaxies
Sun's gravity
32. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
Seasons
Minerals
Nuclear fusion
33. Forms over water and is associated with wet air
freshwater
Maritime air
Sublimation
The Gulf - Stream
34. The difference between levels of ocean water at high and low tides
Equinoxes
Rain shadow
Tidal range
Andromeda galaxy
35. Smooth layers of low clouds that indicate a chance of drizzle or snow
Stratus clouds
Time zone
Parallax
Density
36. The earth is believed to be about ___ billion years old
5.6
Surface ocean temperature
Distance
Troposhere
37. Refers to the long - term weather patterns of a large geographical area and takes into account temperature - humidity - and precipitation
Sun
Geology
Deserts
Climate
38. Takes approx. seven and a half earth months to revolve around the sun - Takes approx. eight earth months to rotate on its axis - a day on ________ is longer than a year
Rock salt
Law of superposition
Venus
El Nino and La Nina
39. Center: 3000
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40. Faulting and folding
Sun's gravity
Smaller regions of the oceans
11
Styles of rock deformation
41. Younger beds were originally deposited above older beds
California coast
29.5
Stars
Law of superposition
42. The rising of the earth's ocean surface caused by the tidal forces of the moon and the sun acting on the oceans
46%
Tides
Pacific Ring of Fire
Examples to support Continental drift theory
43. The source of energy for evaporation is primarily through ___________
Air mass
jet stream
Solar radiation
Full moon
44. The movement (carrying away or displacement) of solids (sediment - soil - rock - and other particles) - usually by the agents of currents such as wind - water - or ice by downward or down - slope movement in response to gravity
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Axis tilt
Runoff
Erosion
45. Two feldspars (orthoclase and plagioclase) - quartz - olivine - and augite - These five minerals are silicates - built from interlocking silicon and oxygen atoms
El Nino and La Nina
Igneous rocks
The most abundant minerals in the crust
groundwater discharge
46. Around a new or full moon - when the sun - moon - and the earth form a line - the tidal forces due to the sun reinforce those of the moon - The tide's range is at a maximum and is called a spring tide (spring as in 'to jump/leap -' not the season)
Mechanical/physical weathering
Groundwater
Spring tide
Solar radiation
47. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5
Mantle
El Nino and La Nina
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
- mP
48. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000
Precipitation
Mineral color
Climate
Photosphere
49. The resulting dust layer would act as a shield - blocking out much of the sun's rays - This would result in lower global temperatures and a general _____ of the earth
cooling
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Estuary
Weight and mass
50. Igneous rock that forms on the earth's surface - Examples obsidian - basalt - and pumice
Chemical weathering
Extrusive
El Nino
Evapotranspiration