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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The source of energy for evaporation is primarily through ___________
Eclipses
- mT
Meteorology
Solar radiation
2. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans
Mohs' scale of hardness
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Galaxies
Altostratus clouds
3. A huge ball of incandescent gases - Its mass is more than 300000 times that of the earth - Principal constituents are the lightest elements - hydrogen and helium
Rock salt
Galaxies
46%
Sun
4. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration
Transpiration
moisture
Solar System
Erosion and land use
5. Stars with the highest ___________ appear blue - while stars with the lowest surface temperature appear red
Surface temperature
Law of original horizontality
Speed of light
Percolation
6. Forms south of the Arctic and is cold
snow
Polar air
Igneous rocks
Snow packs
7. Travels in an orbit that is slightly elliptical (oval) - and so the distance from the sun ranges from 91.5 to 94.5 million miles - Its daily rotation deforms the earth to a flattened spheroid - with a polar radius slightly less than the equatorial ra
Chemical weathering
Earth
Block mountains or fold mountains
El Nino and La Nina
8. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line
Gravity and inertia
Sun
Rainfall
Sublimation
9. Rising air currents take the vapor up into the atmopshere where cooler temperatures cause it to condense into ____
clouds
5.6
50-100
snow
10. The difference between levels of ocean water at high and low tides
Earth's crust
Tidal range
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
11. Occurs at the instant when the sun's position in the sky is at its greatest angular distance on the other side of the equatorial plane from the observer's hemisphere - Depending on the shift of the calendar - the winter solstice occurs some time betw
Winter solstice
Scratch test
Asteroids
Nuclear fusion
12. 4 terrestrials: Mercury - Venus - Mars - Earth 4 gas giants: Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune At least 5 dwarf planets: Ceres - Pluto - Makemake - Haumea - Eris
Types of galaxies
Evaporation
Solar System
Tropical air
13. The tendency of a moving object to stay in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place - Without _______ - a planet would be pulled into the sun
World/global ocean
Inertia
Maritime air
Equinoxes
14. Deviates by an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees - Thus - at any given time during summer or winter - one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the sun - This exposure alternates as the earth revolves in its orbit
Winter solstice
Axis tilt
Law of superposition
Evapotranspiration
15. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)
Mohs' scale of hardness
Sublimation
Equinoxes
Scratch test
16. This upslope wind is called a...
46%
Gravity and inertia
Mineral color
Valley breeze
17. The fossiliferous strata record is only the last __% of the earth's history
11
Erosion and land use
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
New moon
18. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the same area - Atlanta tropical cyclone activity is generally enhanced during La Nina - Often follows the El Nino - especially when the latter is strong
La Nina
Major oceans
3/4
The big bang theory of cosmology
19. Two types of mountains are formed - depending on how the rock reacts to the tectonic forces
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Inertia
Block mountains or fold mountains
Subduction zones
20. Giant masses of solid rock that float upon the earth's mantle - These plates move in relation to one another at one of three types of plate boundaries...
moisture
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Metamorphic rocks
Subduction zones
21. Formed from calcium carbonate - also an example of chemical sedimentary rocks - like roock salt - can contain organic or once - living matter and can record the history of that matter's formation in features such as strata - fossil evidence - and rip
Limestone
Weight and mass
Short - period comets
Speed of light
22. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5
Meteorology
Erosion and land use
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
El Nino and La Nina
23. The outermost part of the earth's interior is made up of two layers...
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Condensation
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Continental drift
24. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e
Longitude
- cT
Equinoxes
Crust
25. The resulting dust layer would act as a shield - blocking out much of the sun's rays - This would result in lower global temperatures and a general _____ of the earth
Igneous rocks
cooling
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Differential heating
26. Occurs when the moon sets at sunset - Then the moon is between the earth and the sun - so we see only the dark half of the moon
precipitation
Solar wind
Inertia
New moon
27. Forms over land and is associated with dry air
Snow packs
Continental air
Moon
Sun's gravity
28. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years
Convergent plate movements
Comet nuclei
10000
Minerals
29. Erosion in many places is increased by human land use - Poor land - use practices include deforestation - overgrazing - unmanaged construction activity - and road building
Snowmelt
jet stream
Erosion and land use
Mid - oceanic ridge
30. Occur when two plates pull away from each other - Such faults are generally weak and shallow Example: the Mid - Atlantic Range in the Atlantic Ocean
Sunspots
Orogenic zones
Divergent plate movements
Distance
31. A land form that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area - with a peak - Usually produced by the movement of lithospheric plates
Ice Age
Mountain
Standard time zones
Troposhere
32. Natural chemical compounds that are the crystals that make up rocks - Each has a specific composition or narrow range of composition
15
Minerals
Convergent tectonic plates
- cT
33. Pulls the planets toward the sun - while their inertia keeps them moving forward in an elliptical orbit around the sun
34. Test the item against materials of known hardness; for example - use your fingernail or the graphite in a pencil to attempt to scratch the items. This process should result in assigning a relative hardness to the unknown items.
Erosion and land use
Scratch test
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
35. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog
Condensation
Convergent plate movements
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
Intrusive
36. Some infiltration stays close to the land surface and can seep back into surface - water bodies (and the ocean) as...
Semidiurnal
Subsurface flow
Mineral color
groundwater discharge
37. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)
15
Troposhere
larger planet
Soil
38. (in descending order of size) the Pacific Ocean - the Atlantic Ocean - the Indian Ocean - the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean
Major oceans
Snowmelt
Stars
Photosphere
39. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed
Long - period comets
The geological time scale
Intrusive
Mechanical/physical weathering
40. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...
41. Takes approx. seven and a half earth months to revolve around the sun - Takes approx. eight earth months to rotate on its axis - a day on ________ is longer than a year
Minerals
precipitation
Venus
Small islands
42. Continental tropical (dry - warm air)
- cT
Transform plate movements
Hydrologic concepts
Types of galaxies
43. Formed by sodium chloride
Rock salt
Clastic
Canopy interception
Weight and mass
44. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics
Eclipses
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
World/global ocean
Why weather occurs
45. Theory that the earth's continents were originally united as a supercontinent - Pangaea - Established by Alfred Wegener in the early 1900s
Continental drift
Ways magma can form
Deserts
Metamorphic rocks
46. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal
5.6
Chaotic system
10000
Semidiurnal
47. Sometimes called minor planets or planetoids - Bodies
Asteroids
Ways magma can form
Maritime air
Rain shadow
48. Water transpired from plants and evaporated from the soil
freshwater springs
Mohs' scale of hardness
Soil
Evapotranspiration
49. Takes place when the moon passes between the earth and the sun - with the moon blocking the sunlight for about two minutes - A total ___________ may be seen only from a small zone on the earth
Cumulonibus clouds
Major oceans
Solar eclipse
The distinction between asteroids and comets
50. A semi - closed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it - and with a free connection to the open sea - Often associated with high levels of biological diversity - They are made up of brackish water - Often given names
Meteorology
Estuary
Tidal range
Sun