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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Formed from calcium carbonate - also an example of chemical sedimentary rocks - like roock salt - can contain organic or once - living matter and can record the history of that matter's formation in features such as strata - fossil evidence - and rip
Limestone
The geological time scale
Speed of light
Earth's crust
2. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...
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3. A continuous drill would find gas - oil - and water in that order - The three substances occur in their order of density - with the lightest substance on top and the heaviest on the bottom
Runoff
10000
Petroleum exploration
Parallax
4. Sun heats water in the oceans - Water evaporates as vapor into the air - Ice and snow can sublimate directly into water vapor...- Over time - the water reenters the ocean - where the water cycle started
Hydrologic cycle
The equator
Sublimation
Intrusive
5. Occur when two plates push together - Such faults are strong and relatively deep - Where the strongest earthquakes occur Example: mountain building in the Himalayas and the Andes
Moon
Convergent plate movements
Differential heating
Diurnal
6. The movement (carrying away or displacement) of solids (sediment - soil - rock - and other particles) - usually by the agents of currents such as wind - water - or ice by downward or down - slope movement in response to gravity
Erosion
Why weather occurs
groundwater discharge
The earth's structure
7. When the moon is at first quarter or third quarter - the sun - earth and moon form a 90- degree (right) angle with the earth at the vertex - The combined effect of this alignment of the sun - earth - and moon results in tidal ranges on the earth - Wh
Andromeda galaxy
Neap tide/neaps
Valley breeze
Semidiurnal or diurnal
8. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e
Equinoxes
Crustal rocks
Earth's crust
Rain shadow
9. Seasons are marked by changes in the amount of sunlight - which in turn often cause cycles of dormancy in plants and hibernation in animals - These effects vary with latitude and with proximity to bodies of water
Opposite seasons
Hydrologic concepts
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
Stars
10. The rising of the earth's ocean surface caused by the tidal forces of the moon and the sun acting on the oceans
Latitude
Transpiration
Polar air
Tides
11. Huge systems of stars - Milky Way is estimated to have 100 billion stars arranged in a great disk
Long - period comets
Minerals
Differential heating
Galaxies
12. Air currents move clouds around the globe and cloud particles collide - grow - and fall out of the sky as ________ - Most of it falls back into the oceans or onto land - where the precipitation flows over the ground as surface runoff - portion of run
Stars
- cT
Meteorology
precipitation
13. Occur along plate boundaries
Mohs' scale of hardness
Chemical weathering
Conglomerates
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
14. Traces of ancient life preserved in the strata as shells - footprints - and the like - Soft plant and animal tissues decompose quickly in the presence of decay bacteria - which exist wherever oxygen exists
Canopy interception
Eclipses
Fossils
Long - period comets
15. Center: 3000
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16. Natural chemical compounds that are the crystals that make up rocks - Each has a specific composition or narrow range of composition
Comet nuclei
Minerals
Solar eclipse
Photosphere
17. Large - dark clouds that indicate thunderstorms
Cumulonibus clouds
Venus
Divergent plate movements
clouds
18. Maritime polar (wet - cold air)
Altostratus clouds
Mountain
- mP
Speed of light
19. Deviates by an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees - Thus - at any given time during summer or winter - one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the sun - This exposure alternates as the earth revolves in its orbit
Solar eclipse
El Nino
Axis tilt
Photosphere
20. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away
percolation
clouds
Venus
Andromeda galaxy
21. Continental tropical (dry - warm air)
Asteroids
Estuary
Orogenic zones
- cT
22. Volcanoes can be caused by '____________'; these so - called hotspots - as in Hawaii - can occur far from plate boundaries
Long linear arcs
Full moon
Continental drift
Mantle plumes
23. Some precipitation falls as ____ and can accumulate as ice caps and glaciers - which can store water for thousands of years
snow
Polar air
Chemical sedimentary rocks
River
24. 186000 miles/second
Surface ocean temperature
Galactic center
Speed of light
jet stream
25. Scientists theorize that massive volcanic eruptions on a global scale contributed to the earth's cooling - resulting in the onset of the...
Latitude
Tidal range
Ice Age
snow
26. Precipitation - Canopy interception - Snowmelt - Runoff - Percolation - Subsurface flow- Evaporation - Sublimation - Condensation
Metamorphic rocks
Hydrologic concepts
Weight and mass
groundwater discharge
27. Featherlike clouds that indicate fair weather
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Neap tide/neaps
Divergent plate movements
Cirrus clouds
28. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000
Nuclear fusion
- mT
aquifers
Photosphere
29. Zero degrees latitude - generally has a tropical climate (warm and wet); at the extreme northern and southern latitudes (polar regions) - the climate is very cold and dry
The equator
Opposite seasons
Latitude
Evapotranspiration
30. Volcanoes are generally found where ________ are diverging or converging
Evaporation
freshwater
Scratch test
Tectonic plates
31. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods
Comet
Surface temperature differences
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
River
32. 4 terrestrials: Mercury - Venus - Mars - Earth 4 gas giants: Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune At least 5 dwarf planets: Ceres - Pluto - Makemake - Haumea - Eris
Solar System
Cirrus clouds
Orogenic zones
moisture
33. Affected by factors such as weathering and impurities
Igneous rocks
Tropical air
Mineral color
Neap tide/neaps
34. Somewhat cooler disturbances in the photosphere
Ice Age
Sunspots
Scratch test
percolation
35. Further caused by the elliptical orbit of the earth - Earth reaches perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the sun) in January - and it reaches aphelion (farthest point from the sun) in July - Also depend on factors such as proximity to oceans
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Plate tectonics
Groundwater
Density
36. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted
lower
Runoff
Weathering
Law of superposition
37. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics
Pacific Ring of Fire
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
Why weather occurs
Photosphere
38. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)
Short - period comets
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Differential heating
Sublimation
39. Temperature - pressure - and composition
Tropical air
Distance
Ways magma can form
Earth's crust
40. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line
Igneous rocks
Solar eclipse
freshwater
Gravity and inertia
41. The process of chemical or physical breakdown of earth rocks - soils - and their minerals
Long linear arcs
Sunspots
Weathering
Earth's crust
42. The strong temperature contrast between polar and tropical air gives rise to the ________
Geology
jet stream
Weight and mass
Cumulonibus clouds
43. Theory that the earth's continents were originally united as a supercontinent - Pangaea - Established by Alfred Wegener in the early 1900s
jet stream
Continental drift
Daylight saving time zones
Parallax
44. Some groundwater finds openings in the land surface and emerges as...
Density
Speed of light
freshwater springs
Valley breeze
45. The difference between levels of ocean water at high and low tides
freshwater springs
Venus
Solar System
Tidal range
46. Faulting and folding
Snowmelt
Styles of rock deformation
Crustal rocks
Long - period comets
47. The atmosphere is a __________ - and so small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole - This makes it difficult to accurately predict weather more than a few days in advance
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Chaotic system
Deserts
Inertia
48. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________
Snow packs
Galactic center
- cP
Inertia
49. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)
Troposhere
Types of galaxies
Earth
Chemical sedimentary rocks
50. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon
The big bang theory of cosmology
Intrusive
46%
Why weather occurs
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