Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Occur when two plates push together - Such faults are strong and relatively deep - Where the strongest earthquakes occur Example: mountain building in the Himalayas and the Andes






2. Occurs when the moon sets at sunset - Then the moon is between the earth and the sun - so we see only the dark half of the moon






3. There are approx. _____ days between each lunar cycle






4. (in descending order of size) the Pacific Ocean - the Atlantic Ocean - the Indian Ocean - the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean






5. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e






6. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years






7. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...






8. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an






9. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow






10. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths






11. Oceans cover __ of the earth's surface






12. The transformation of water from liquid to gas phases as it moves from the ground or bodies of water into the overlying atmosphere






13. The outermost part of the earth's interior is made up of two layers...






14. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the same area - Atlanta tropical cyclone activity is generally enhanced during La Nina - Often follows the El Nino - especially when the latter is strong






15. Test the item against materials of known hardness; for example - use your fingernail or the graphite in a pencil to attempt to scratch the items. This process should result in assigning a relative hardness to the unknown items.






16. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans






17. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th






18. Solar Atmosphere is divided into the inner chromosphere with explosive prominences and the outer corona - a glowing halo visible only during a total eclipse - Constantly emitting particles as a...






19. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler

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20. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift






21. Large - scale movements of the earth's lithosphere - - The theory encompasses the older concepts of continental drift (first half of 20th century) and seafloor spreading (1960s)






22. Huge systems of stars - Milky Way is estimated to have 100 billion stars arranged in a great disk






23. The strong temperature contrast between polar and tropical air gives rise to the ________






24. The runoff produced by melting snow






25. Some isolated mountains were produced by volcanoes - including many apparently ________ that reach a great height above the ocean floor






26. Comprised of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle - broken up into tectonic plates (7 major and many minor) - ride on the asthenosphere






27. Erosion in many places is increased by human land use - Poor land - use practices include deforestation - overgrazing - unmanaged construction activity - and road building






28. Continental polar (dry - cold air)






29. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5






30. A huge ball of incandescent gases - Its mass is more than 300000 times that of the earth - Principal constituents are the lightest elements - hydrogen and helium






31. Bodies similar to the sun but immensely distant - Closest stars are 4 light - years away






32. Zero degrees latitude - generally has a tropical climate (warm and wet); at the extreme northern and southern latitudes (polar regions) - the climate is very cold and dry






33. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy






34. Two feldspars (orthoclase and plagioclase) - quartz - olivine - and augite - These five minerals are silicates - built from interlocking silicon and oxygen atoms






35. Refers to the long - term weather patterns of a large geographical area and takes into account temperature - humidity - and precipitation






36. Takes place when the moon passes between the earth and the sun - with the moon blocking the sunlight for about two minutes - A total ___________ may be seen only from a small zone on the earth






37. A semi - closed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it - and with a free connection to the open sea - Often associated with high levels of biological diversity - They are made up of brackish water - Often given names






38. Volcanoes can be caused by '____________'; these so - called hotspots - as in Hawaii - can occur far from plate boundaries






39. Volcanoes are generally found where ________ are diverging or converging






40. The spectra of distant objects display a red shift - which is interpreted as meaning that they are rapidly receding from us - This apparent expansion of the universe has given rise to the big bang theory of cosmology - in which one primeval mass expl






41. Deviates by an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees - Thus - at any given time during summer or winter - one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the sun - This exposure alternates as the earth revolves in its orbit






42. Different visual appearance; when discovered - comets show a perceptible coma while asteroids do not






43. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...






44. The precipitation that is intercepted by plant foliage and eventually evaporates back to the atmosphere rather than falling to the ground






45. Paleontology: Fossil evidence indicates the similarity of fossils on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean - Continental 'jigsaw puzzle': The outlines of the continents seem to fit together






46. Gas giants Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus and Neptune have diameters far larger than Earth's and have far greater masses






47. Darkens the moon as the earth passes between it and the sun - casting a shadow on the moon - may be seen from anywhere the moon is visible - about half of the earth






48. The source of energy for evaporation is primarily through ___________






49. Formed by sodium chloride






50. A land form that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area - with a peak - Usually produced by the movement of lithospheric plates