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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Bodies similar to the sun but immensely distant - Closest stars are 4 light - years away
Stars
Crustal rocks
Troposhere
Andromeda galaxy
2. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)
aquifers
Speed of light
Density
Troposhere
3. Take up about 1/3 of the earth's land surface - many are formed by rain shadows - Usually have a large diurnal (day) and seasonal temperature range - with high daytime temperatures
Time zone
Eclipses
Deserts
freshwater
4. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate
Tectonic plates
Metamorphic rocks
Altostratus clouds
Coral reef
5. Deviates by an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees - Thus - at any given time during summer or winter - one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the sun - This exposure alternates as the earth revolves in its orbit
Minerals
Axis tilt
Convergent tectonic plates
Seasons
6. The source of energy for evaporation is primarily through ___________
La Nina
Seasons
Solar radiation
lower elevation
7. Cause pressure differences - A hot surface heats the air above it and the air expands - lowering the air pressure and its density
Surface temperature differences
Why weather occurs
Precipitation
The rock cycle
8. Spiral - elliptical - and irregular form are speckled throughout the visible universe - Largest telescope has detected galaxies to its limit of several billion light - years
Inertia
Convergent plate movements
The big bang theory of cosmology
Types of galaxies
9. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals (also known as biological weathering)
Types of clouds
Andromeda galaxy
Extrusive
Chemical weathering
10. Condensed water vapor that falls to the earth's surface - Most precipitation occurs as rain - but also includes snow - hail - fog drip - graupel - and sleet
Crustal rocks
Time zone
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Precipitation
11. Characterized by similar temperatures and moisture levels
Speed of light
Asteroids
Air mass
Winter solstice
12. Occur when two plates push together - Such faults are strong and relatively deep - Where the strongest earthquakes occur Example: mountain building in the Himalayas and the Andes
Evapotranspiration
Comet
cooling
Convergent plate movements
13. Formed by sodium chloride
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Chaotic system
Rock salt
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
14. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert
Ice Age
Lunar eclipse
Metamorphic rocks
Rain shadow
15. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift
Subduction zones
Orogenic zones
Sublimation
Mountain
16. Igneous rock that forms on the earth's surface - Examples obsidian - basalt - and pumice
Longitude
Winter solstice
Long - period comets
Extrusive
17. Can influence climate by sending tremendous volumes of dust - ash - and smoke into the atmosphere
The rock cycle
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
10000
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
18. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures
lower elevation
Small islands
Sublimation
Groundwater
19. Texture is important in classifying ______ sedimentary rocks
Types of clouds
Photosphere
Clastic
Erosion
20. Runoff and groundwater are stored as ________ in lakes
freshwater
Rocky planets and moons
Clastic
larger planet
21. Younger beds were originally deposited above older beds
Surface temperature
Law of superposition
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
Differential heating
22. A huge ball of incandescent gases - Its mass is more than 300000 times that of the earth - Principal constituents are the lightest elements - hydrogen and helium
Distance
Sun
Mohs' scale of hardness
Mineral color
23. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths
Opposite seasons
Short - period comets
Intrusive
Tides
24. After the moon has waxed through crescent - quarter - and gibbous phases - a ________ appears - At that time - the moon rises at sunset - and we see all of its illuminated side - Then the phase wanes gradually to another new moon
Full moon
Convergent plate movements
Surface temperature
Snow packs
25. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________
Long linear arcs
Cumulonibus clouds
Galactic center
Types of galaxies
26. The difference between levels of ocean water at high and low tides
Tidal range
Orogenic zones
Sunspots
Canopy interception
27. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics
Cleavage
Convergent tectonic plates
Why weather occurs
Polar air
28. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun
Climate
Parallax
Cumulonibus clouds
Opposite seasons
29. Occur when two plates pull away from each other - Such faults are generally weak and shallow Example: the Mid - Atlantic Range in the Atlantic Ocean
Divergent plate movements
Differential heating
15
Rock salt
30. Large - dark clouds that indicate thunderstorms
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Equinoxes
Cumulonibus clouds
aquifers
31. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through direct contact with atmospheric conditions such as heat - water - ice - and pressure
Mechanical/physical weathering
Sedimentary rocks
Extrusive
Strata
32. The atmosphere is a __________ - and so small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole - This makes it difficult to accurately predict weather more than a few days in advance
Evaporation
moisture
Opposite seasons
Chaotic system
33. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000
Photosphere
Snowmelt
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
Semidiurnal or diurnal
34. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Earth's crust
El Nino and La Nina
World/global ocean
35. Somewhat cooler disturbances in the photosphere
Petroleum exploration
Groundwater
Sunspots
Erosion
36. Center: 3000
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37. Sometimes called minor planets or planetoids - Bodies
El Nino and La Nina
Asteroids
Time zone
The most abundant minerals in the crust
38. Believed to originate at a much greater distance from the Sun - in a cloud (the Oort cloud) consisting of debris left over from the condensation of solar nebula - Comets are thrown from the outer planets or nearby stars - or as a result of collisions
Soil
Galactic center
Earth's crust
Long - period comets
39. Featherlike clouds that indicate fair weather
Lunar eclipse
Cirrus clouds
Time zone
Transform plate movements
40. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years
Groundwater
Cumulonibus clouds
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Speed of light
41. Volcanoes can be caused by '____________'; these so - called hotspots - as in Hawaii - can occur far from plate boundaries
Canopy interception
Parallax
New moon
Mantle plumes
42. Rocks are placed into groups according to how they form...
Hydrologic cycle
Long linear arcs
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
Full moon
43. Cirrus - Stratus - Cumulonimbus - Altostratus
Density
Types of clouds
Earth's crust
Eclipses
44. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...
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45. The strength of gravity in our solar system depends on both the masses of the celestial objects and the _______ between them
Latitude
Distance
Sun's gravity
Divergent plate movements
46. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England
Evaporation
Differential heating
Longitude
Chaotic system
47. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms
Subsurface flow
Uniformitarianism
Earth
Weather phenomena on earth
48. The process of chemical or physical breakdown of earth rocks - soils - and their minerals
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
Mohs' scale of hardness
Weathering
Convergent plate movements
49. Test the item against materials of known hardness; for example - use your fingernail or the graphite in a pencil to attempt to scratch the items. This process should result in assigning a relative hardness to the unknown items.
Scratch test
Solar System
Polar air
clouds
50. Precipitation - Canopy interception - Snowmelt - Runoff - Percolation - Subsurface flow- Evaporation - Sublimation - Condensation
Hydrologic concepts
Continental drift
Solar eclipse
Spring tide
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