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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The science of the atmosphere and weather
Altostratus clouds
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
aquifers
Meteorology
2. Precipitation - Canopy interception - Snowmelt - Runoff - Percolation - Subsurface flow- Evaporation - Sublimation - Condensation
Why weather occurs
Plate tectonics
Hydrologic concepts
Colder
3. A region of the earth that has uniform standard time - usually referred to as the local time - divided into standard and daylight saving (or summer)
Time zone
El Nino
Types of clouds
percolation
4. Temperature - pressure - and composition
Surface ocean temperature
Seasons
Comet nuclei
Ways magma can form
5. The evaporation of these oceans is how we get most of our __________ - and their temperature determines our climate and wind patterns
Andromeda galaxy
Rainfall
cooling
Solar radiation
6. Refers to the long - term weather patterns of a large geographical area and takes into account temperature - humidity - and precipitation
Latitude
Climate
Mohs' scale of hardness
Mid - oceanic ridge
7. Darkens the moon as the earth passes between it and the sun - casting a shadow on the moon - may be seen from anywhere the moon is visible - about half of the earth
Lunar eclipse
50-100
Sedimentation
Conglomerates
8. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e
Lunar eclipse
Equinoxes
Altostratus clouds
Chemical sedimentary rocks
9. Spiral - elliptical - and irregular form are speckled throughout the visible universe - Largest telescope has detected galaxies to its limit of several billion light - years
Condensation
Snowmelt
Types of galaxies
Lunar eclipse
10. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods
Surface ocean temperature
- cP
Metamorphic rocks
Comet
11. Cirrus - Stratus - Cumulonimbus - Altostratus
Convergent tectonic plates
Types of clouds
Eclipses
Metamorphic rocks
12. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted
Comet nuclei
Runoff
- mT
Percolation
13. Texture is important in classifying ______ sedimentary rocks
Sunspots
New moon
Pacific Ring of Fire
Clastic
14. Seas - gulfs - bays - and other names
Moon
3/4
Smaller regions of the oceans
Ice Age
15. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Groundwater
Galactic center
- cT
16. The motive force behind land breezes and sea/lake breezes - also known as on - or off - shore winds - Land absorbs and radiates heat faster than water - but water releases heat over a longer period of time
Ice Age
Solar System
Differential heating
Percolation
17. Runoff and groundwater are stored as ________ in lakes
freshwater
Pacific Ring of Fire
Long - period comets
Diurnal
18. The lateral movement of the plates is typically at speeds of ___ mm annually
50-100
freshwater springs
Limestone
Crust
19. The atmosphere is a __________ - and so small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole - This makes it difficult to accurately predict weather more than a few days in advance
Earth's crust
Weight and mass
Air mass
Chaotic system
20. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals (also known as biological weathering)
Latitude
Equinoxes
El Nino and La Nina
Chemical weathering
21. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans
Runoff
Solar wind
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Subduction zones
22. A continuous drill would find gas - oil - and water in that order - The three substances occur in their order of density - with the lightest substance on top and the heaviest on the bottom
Petroleum exploration
11
Tidal range
Law of original horizontality
23. Hotspot volcanoes are also found elsewhere in the Solar System - especially on...
Rocky planets and moons
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Chaotic system
Photosphere
24. The farther from the tropics you are positioned - the ________ the angle of the sun - This causes those locations to be cooler due to the indirect sunlight
lower
- cT
Plate tectonics
Planets
25. The transformation of water from liquid to gas phases as it moves from the ground or bodies of water into the overlying atmosphere
Andromeda galaxy
Mantle
Evaporation
Semidiurnal
26. Theory that the earth's continents were originally united as a supercontinent - Pangaea - Established by Alfred Wegener in the early 1900s
Cumulonibus clouds
Convergent plate movements
Continental drift
Troposhere
27. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
Examples to support Continental drift theory
snow
Sublimation
28. Large - dark clouds that indicate thunderstorms
Law of original horizontality
The equator
Cumulonibus clouds
The distinction between asteroids and comets
29. The difference between levels of ocean water at high and low tides
Tidal range
Gravity and inertia
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
Nuclear fusion
30. There are approx. _____ days between each lunar cycle
29.5
World/global ocean
- mT
Law of superposition
31. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years
Igneous rocks
Differential heating
Venus
10000
32. Smooth layers of low clouds that indicate a chance of drizzle or snow
Surface temperature
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Stratus clouds
Mantle
33. Method of using the present to interpret the past - Processes occurring today are observed carefully and their effects are measured - Then - geologists assume that similar effects in ancient rocks were caused by processes similar to those of the pres
Valley breeze
Earth
Uniformitarianism
World/global ocean
34. Occurs at the instant when the sun's position in the sky is at its greatest angular distance on the other side of the equatorial plane from the observer's hemisphere - Depending on the shift of the calendar - the winter solstice occurs some time betw
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
Volcano
Winter solstice
Rock salt
35. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic
Surface ocean temperature
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Ice Age
Pacific Ring of Fire
36. Maritime polar (wet - cold air)
Rock salt
Venus
- mP
Conglomerates
37. Classified as warm - water or cold - water currents
Surface ocean currents
Eclipses
Deserts
Hydrologic cycle
38. Two types of mountains are formed - depending on how the rock reacts to the tectonic forces
Transpiration
Block mountains or fold mountains
Short - period comets
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
39. A huge ball of incandescent gases - Its mass is more than 300000 times that of the earth - Principal constituents are the lightest elements - hydrogen and helium
Axis tilt
The big bang theory of cosmology
freshwater springs
Sun
40. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy
Latitude
Nuclear fusion
Long linear arcs
Galaxies
41. Largest zone of the planet (68%); crystalline silicates - rich in magnesium - calcium - and iron; very hot and mainly solid - but local melting to magma is the source of volcanic eruptions
Snow packs
El Nino and La Nina
Rocky planets and moons
Mantle
42. A semi - closed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it - and with a free connection to the open sea - Often associated with high levels of biological diversity - They are made up of brackish water - Often given names
Estuary
The Gulf - Stream
Mohs' scale of hardness
Earth's crust
43. Different visual appearance; when discovered - comets show a perceptible coma while asteroids do not
Diurnal
The equator
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Polar air
44. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift
- mT
jet stream
Orogenic zones
Latitude
45. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed
The geological time scale
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Estuary
Maritime air
46. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the
Uniformitarianism
Seasons
Short - period comets
Limestone
47. The spectra of distant objects display a red shift - which is interpreted as meaning that they are rapidly receding from us - This apparent expansion of the universe has given rise to the big bang theory of cosmology - in which one primeval mass expl
River
Rocky planets and moons
- cT
The big bang theory of cosmology
48. Sometimes called minor planets or planetoids - Bodies
Inertia
Rainfall
Asteroids
Types of galaxies
49. Deviates by an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees - Thus - at any given time during summer or winter - one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the sun - This exposure alternates as the earth revolves in its orbit
Tropical air
Axis tilt
Snowmelt
Opposite seasons
50. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow
Winter solstice
precipitation
Altostratus clouds
Surface temperature
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