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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed
15
Convergent plate movements
The geological time scale
Axis tilt
2. Test the item against materials of known hardness; for example - use your fingernail or the graphite in a pencil to attempt to scratch the items. This process should result in assigning a relative hardness to the unknown items.
Scratch test
The big bang theory of cosmology
Sublimation
Runoff
3. When the moon is at first quarter or third quarter - the sun - earth and moon form a 90- degree (right) angle with the earth at the vertex - The combined effect of this alignment of the sun - earth - and moon results in tidal ranges on the earth - Wh
Erosion
clouds
Geology
Neap tide/neaps
4. The farther from the tropics you are positioned - the ________ the angle of the sun - This causes those locations to be cooler due to the indirect sunlight
Tidal range
Evapotranspiration
lower
Gravity and inertia
5. Around a new or full moon - when the sun - moon - and the earth form a line - the tidal forces due to the sun reinforce those of the moon - The tide's range is at a maximum and is called a spring tide (spring as in 'to jump/leap -' not the season)
Meteorology
Transpiration
New moon
Spring tide
6. A land form that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area - with a peak - Usually produced by the movement of lithospheric plates
Mountain
Mohs' scale of hardness
Rock salt
Photosphere
7. The degrees north or south of the equator
The earth's structure
clouds
Latitude
Types of clouds
8. The science of the atmosphere and weather
Solar eclipse
Rock salt
Mohs' scale of hardness
Meteorology
9. Hotspot volcanoes are also found elsewhere in the Solar System - especially on...
Rocky planets and moons
Polar air
Continental air
The distinction between asteroids and comets
10. Loose collections of ice - dust - and small rocky particles - measuring a few kilometers or tens of kilometers across
Weather phenomena on earth
The equator
Comet nuclei
Igneous rocks
11. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...
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12. Featherlike clouds that indicate fair weather
Photosphere
Mantle
Cirrus clouds
Solar radiation
13. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)
Earth's crust
Troposhere
- cT
Neap tide/neaps
14. Two types of mountains are formed - depending on how the rock reacts to the tectonic forces
Troposhere
Latitude
Stars
Block mountains or fold mountains
15. Occurs when the moon sets at sunset - Then the moon is between the earth and the sun - so we see only the dark half of the moon
Time zone
aquifers
Chemical sedimentary rocks
New moon
16. Condensed water vapor that falls to the earth's surface - Most precipitation occurs as rain - but also includes snow - hail - fog drip - graupel - and sleet
Precipitation
Surface temperature
World/global ocean
Standard time zones
17. The rising of the earth's ocean surface caused by the tidal forces of the moon and the sun acting on the oceans
Volcano
Tides
Photosphere
Runoff
18. Igneous rock that forms on the earth's surface - Examples obsidian - basalt - and pumice
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Cumulonibus clouds
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Extrusive
19. The fossiliferous strata record is only the last __% of the earth's history
lower
Igneous rocks
11
Polar air
20. Different visual appearance; when discovered - comets show a perceptible coma while asteroids do not
Subsurface flow
Distance
Examples to support Continental drift theory
The distinction between asteroids and comets
21. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic
Earth's crust
Pacific Ring of Fire
Winter solstice
percolation
22. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics
Why weather occurs
Intrusive
Chemical weathering
Rain shadow
23. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years
Clastic
Crustal rocks
Rocky planets and moons
10000
24. The atmosphere is a __________ - and so small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole - This makes it difficult to accurately predict weather more than a few days in advance
Limestone
Meteorology
Chaotic system
Comet nuclei
25. Earth movements - The result of forces within the earth - where temperature and pressure differences lead to instability
Moon
Solar wind
El Nino and La Nina
Crustal rocks
26. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000
Sedimentary rocks
Photosphere
Block mountains or fold mountains
Evaporation
27. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through direct contact with atmospheric conditions such as heat - water - ice - and pressure
The big bang theory of cosmology
clouds
Andromeda galaxy
Mechanical/physical weathering
28. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert
Rain shadow
3/4
Differential heating
Cleavage
29. Stars with the highest ___________ appear blue - while stars with the lowest surface temperature appear red
Semidiurnal
Surface temperature
freshwater
Strata
30. Occur along plate boundaries
Weathering
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
29.5
Climate
31. Cause pressure differences - A hot surface heats the air above it and the air expands - lowering the air pressure and its density
Petroleum exploration
Sublimation
Intrusive
Surface temperature differences
32. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the
La Nina
Ways magma can form
Seasons
Snow packs
33. Seas - gulfs - bays - and other names
Smaller regions of the oceans
Galactic center
Intrusive
percolation
34. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler
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35. Solar Atmosphere is divided into the inner chromosphere with explosive prominences and the outer corona - a glowing halo visible only during a total eclipse - Constantly emitting particles as a...
Solar wind
Tectonic plates
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
Lithosphere
36. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Semidiurnal
Sunspots
15
37. Rising air currents take the vapor up into the atmopshere where cooler temperatures cause it to condense into ____
clouds
freshwater
Full moon
Cirrus clouds
38. The best determiner of climate - as it is consistently and directly correlated with temperature - other factors: Rain shadows - as well as water currents - elevation and so forth
Pacific Ring of Fire
Coral reef
Planets
Latitude
39. The flow of water underground - in the vadose zone and aquifers - Subsurface water may return to the surface (as a spring or by being pumped) or eventually seep into the oceans
Subsurface flow
Seasons
California coast
Deserts
40. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________
Evaporation
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Galactic center
Stratus clouds
41. On maps - the characteristics of an air mass are represented by two letters: The lowercase letter represents ________ - and the uppercase letter represents temperature
Weight and mass
moisture
Extrusive
Andromeda galaxy
42. Some infiltration stays close to the land surface and can seep back into surface - water bodies (and the ocean) as...
Altostratus clouds
groundwater discharge
Troposhere
Tectonic plates
43. Bodies similar to the sun but immensely distant - Closest stars are 4 light - years away
Cumulonibus clouds
Colder
Stars
Snow packs
44. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
Plate tectonics
Standard time zones
Crust
45. The major mountains tend to occur in __________ - indicating tectonic plate boundaries and activity
Geology
River
Snow packs
Long linear arcs
46. Volcanoes can be caused by '____________'; these so - called hotspots - as in Hawaii - can occur far from plate boundaries
Eclipses
Smaller regions of the oceans
Mid - oceanic ridge
Mantle plumes
47. Sometimes called minor planets or planetoids - Bodies
Mechanical/physical weathering
Maritime air
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Asteroids
48. The transformation of water from liquid to gas phases as it moves from the ground or bodies of water into the overlying atmosphere
Evaporation
cooling
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Rainfall
49. A region of the earth that has uniform standard time - usually referred to as the local time - divided into standard and daylight saving (or summer)
Limestone
Plate tectonics
Mohs' scale of hardness
Time zone
50. Gas giants Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus and Neptune have diameters far larger than Earth's and have far greater masses
Comet
Semidiurnal
Rocky planets and moons
Weight and mass
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