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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Occur when two plates push together - Such faults are strong and relatively deep - Where the strongest earthquakes occur Example: mountain building in the Himalayas and the Andes
The Gulf - Stream
Convergent plate movements
Spring tide
Long linear arcs
2. Occurs when the moon sets at sunset - Then the moon is between the earth and the sun - so we see only the dark half of the moon
Mohs' scale of hardness
Latitude
Asteroids
New moon
3. There are approx. _____ days between each lunar cycle
29.5
Time zone
Mechanical/physical weathering
Extrusive
4. (in descending order of size) the Pacific Ocean - the Atlantic Ocean - the Indian Ocean - the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean
La Nina
Major oceans
Estuary
El Nino
5. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e
precipitation
Comet nuclei
Equinoxes
Density
6. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years
10000
Diurnal
Hydrologic cycle
Weight and mass
7. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...
Spring tide
Opposite seasons
freshwater springs
Tides
8. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an
Galactic center
Sedimentary rocks
Tidal range
Ice Age
9. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow
The earth's structure
Chemical weathering
Altostratus clouds
California coast
10. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths
Density
Long - period comets
Intrusive
Limestone
11. Oceans cover __ of the earth's surface
3/4
11
Sun
Types of galaxies
12. The transformation of water from liquid to gas phases as it moves from the ground or bodies of water into the overlying atmosphere
Evaporation
aquifers
clouds
Sun
13. The outermost part of the earth's interior is made up of two layers...
Time zone
Crustal rocks
Major oceans
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
14. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the same area - Atlanta tropical cyclone activity is generally enhanced during La Nina - Often follows the El Nino - especially when the latter is strong
Estuary
La Nina
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
Surface ocean currents
15. Test the item against materials of known hardness; for example - use your fingernail or the graphite in a pencil to attempt to scratch the items. This process should result in assigning a relative hardness to the unknown items.
Scratch test
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Crust
moisture
16. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans
The earth's structure
Weathering
Planets
Chemical sedimentary rocks
17. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Evaporation
- cP
El Nino
18. Solar Atmosphere is divided into the inner chromosphere with explosive prominences and the outer corona - a glowing halo visible only during a total eclipse - Constantly emitting particles as a...
Sunspots
Crust
Small islands
Solar wind
19. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler
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20. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift
World/global ocean
Climate
Surface temperature
Orogenic zones
21. Large - scale movements of the earth's lithosphere - - The theory encompasses the older concepts of continental drift (first half of 20th century) and seafloor spreading (1960s)
Asteroids
Plate tectonics
Inertia
Weight and mass
22. Huge systems of stars - Milky Way is estimated to have 100 billion stars arranged in a great disk
Tropical air
- cT
Galaxies
clouds
23. The strong temperature contrast between polar and tropical air gives rise to the ________
jet stream
Major oceans
Strata
Long - period comets
24. The runoff produced by melting snow
Hydrologic concepts
Snowmelt
lower
Law of superposition
25. Some isolated mountains were produced by volcanoes - including many apparently ________ that reach a great height above the ocean floor
Sedimentary rocks
Time zone
Small islands
groundwater discharge
26. Comprised of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle - broken up into tectonic plates (7 major and many minor) - ride on the asthenosphere
clouds
Lithosphere
Latitude
El Nino
27. Erosion in many places is increased by human land use - Poor land - use practices include deforestation - overgrazing - unmanaged construction activity - and road building
Erosion and land use
Weight and mass
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
California coast
28. Continental polar (dry - cold air)
- cP
Planets
Sedimentary rocks
Snowmelt
29. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5
El Nino and La Nina
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Differential heating
Mantle plumes
30. A huge ball of incandescent gases - Its mass is more than 300000 times that of the earth - Principal constituents are the lightest elements - hydrogen and helium
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Rain shadow
Mineral color
Sun
31. Bodies similar to the sun but immensely distant - Closest stars are 4 light - years away
Stars
Groundwater
Precipitation
Moon
32. Zero degrees latitude - generally has a tropical climate (warm and wet); at the extreme northern and southern latitudes (polar regions) - the climate is very cold and dry
Tidal range
The equator
Cumulonibus clouds
Lithosphere
33. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy
Solar System
Percolation
Nuclear fusion
Long linear arcs
34. Two feldspars (orthoclase and plagioclase) - quartz - olivine - and augite - These five minerals are silicates - built from interlocking silicon and oxygen atoms
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Pacific Ring of Fire
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
11
35. Refers to the long - term weather patterns of a large geographical area and takes into account temperature - humidity - and precipitation
Asteroids
Rain shadow
Climate
Mineral color
36. Takes place when the moon passes between the earth and the sun - with the moon blocking the sunlight for about two minutes - A total ___________ may be seen only from a small zone on the earth
Mountain
Solar eclipse
Uniformitarianism
Block mountains or fold mountains
37. A semi - closed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it - and with a free connection to the open sea - Often associated with high levels of biological diversity - They are made up of brackish water - Often given names
Estuary
Longitude
Speed of light
Inertia
38. Volcanoes can be caused by '____________'; these so - called hotspots - as in Hawaii - can occur far from plate boundaries
Mantle plumes
The geological time scale
Small islands
Galactic center
39. Volcanoes are generally found where ________ are diverging or converging
Tectonic plates
Snowmelt
Styles of rock deformation
Planets
40. The spectra of distant objects display a red shift - which is interpreted as meaning that they are rapidly receding from us - This apparent expansion of the universe has given rise to the big bang theory of cosmology - in which one primeval mass expl
Photosphere
The big bang theory of cosmology
jet stream
Rock salt
41. Deviates by an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees - Thus - at any given time during summer or winter - one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the sun - This exposure alternates as the earth revolves in its orbit
Axis tilt
Types of clouds
aquifers
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
42. Different visual appearance; when discovered - comets show a perceptible coma while asteroids do not
cooling
Daylight saving time zones
Semidiurnal or diurnal
The distinction between asteroids and comets
43. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Convergent tectonic plates
Convergent plate movements
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
44. The precipitation that is intercepted by plant foliage and eventually evaporates back to the atmosphere rather than falling to the ground
3/4
Canopy interception
Tides
Speed of light
45. Paleontology: Fossil evidence indicates the similarity of fossils on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean - Continental 'jigsaw puzzle': The outlines of the continents seem to fit together
Metamorphic rocks
Mantle plumes
Ice Age
Examples to support Continental drift theory
46. Gas giants Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus and Neptune have diameters far larger than Earth's and have far greater masses
Weight and mass
Styles of rock deformation
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
Runoff
47. Darkens the moon as the earth passes between it and the sun - casting a shadow on the moon - may be seen from anywhere the moon is visible - about half of the earth
precipitation
Maritime air
Lunar eclipse
Parallax
48. The source of energy for evaporation is primarily through ___________
Fossils
Standard time zones
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Solar radiation
49. Formed by sodium chloride
World/global ocean
Rock salt
15
Examples to support Continental drift theory
50. A land form that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area - with a peak - Usually produced by the movement of lithospheric plates
Mountain
Valley breeze
Equinoxes
Diurnal