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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Further caused by the elliptical orbit of the earth - Earth reaches perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the sun) in January - and it reaches aphelion (farthest point from the sun) in July - Also depend on factors such as proximity to oceans
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Convergent tectonic plates
Mountain
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
2. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal
Solar System
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Semidiurnal
Differential heating
3. This scale assigns a fixed number to 10 reference materials. Talc (1) is the softest and diamond (10) is the hardest
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4. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...
Opposite seasons
Evapotranspiration
Divergent plate movements
Intrusive
5. Deviates by an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees - Thus - at any given time during summer or winter - one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the sun - This exposure alternates as the earth revolves in its orbit
Snowmelt
lower elevation
Block mountains or fold mountains
Axis tilt
6. The farther from the tropics you are positioned - the ________ the angle of the sun - This causes those locations to be cooler due to the indirect sunlight
Meteorology
15
Solar radiation
lower
7. Most sediments were deposited in beds that were originally horizontal - and any tilting is due to later earth movements
Planets
Law of original horizontality
Lunar eclipse
Scratch test
8. Divided into two main types: large - low- density gas giants and smaller - rocky terrestrials - There are at least 341 identified _______ - 8 of which are in the Solar System
Planets
The big bang theory of cosmology
Galaxies
River
9. Travels in an orbit that is slightly elliptical (oval) - and so the distance from the sun ranges from 91.5 to 94.5 million miles - Its daily rotation deforms the earth to a flattened spheroid - with a polar radius slightly less than the equatorial ra
Earth
Erosion
Andromeda galaxy
freshwater
10. Volcanoes can be caused by '____________'; these so - called hotspots - as in Hawaii - can occur far from plate boundaries
Mantle plumes
Weight and mass
Speed of light
5.6
11. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone
Air mass
Longitude
Cumulonibus clouds
Conglomerates
12. Can influence climate by sending tremendous volumes of dust - ash - and smoke into the atmosphere
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
Mohs' scale of hardness
Solar eclipse
Long linear arcs
13. The process of chemical or physical breakdown of earth rocks - soils - and their minerals
Subsurface flow
Weathering
Surface ocean temperature
Chemical sedimentary rocks
14. Some groundwater finds openings in the land surface and emerges as...
Cumulonibus clouds
freshwater springs
Intrusive
El Nino and La Nina
15. The source of energy for evaporation is primarily through ___________
lower elevation
Speed of light
Solar radiation
Latitude
16. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate
Mantle
Latitude
Cirrus clouds
Metamorphic rocks
17. Smooth layers of low clouds that indicate a chance of drizzle or snow
Air mass
Rainfall
Stratus clouds
Transform plate movements
18. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years
Opposite seasons
Mantle
Coral reef
Groundwater
19. Sometimes called minor planets or planetoids - Bodies
Asteroids
Chemical weathering
Inertia
Clastic
20. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune
freshwater springs
Solar System
Short - period comets
Erosion and land use
21. Cirrus - Stratus - Cumulonimbus - Altostratus
Polar air
Distance
Types of clouds
Smaller regions of the oceans
22. Continental polar (dry - cold air)
- cP
11
Cirrus clouds
Metamorphic rocks
23. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an
lower
46%
Sedimentary rocks
Moon
24. Volcanoes are also found in __________ - where the denser oceanic plates are forced under continental plates; this adds massive volumes of water to the mantle - allowing magma to melt more readily and rise to the surface to form volcanoes
Troposhere
Altostratus clouds
Polar air
Subduction zones
25. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...
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26. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic
River
Smaller regions of the oceans
Pacific Ring of Fire
Neap tide/neaps
27. 4 terrestrials: Mercury - Venus - Mars - Earth 4 gas giants: Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune At least 5 dwarf planets: Ceres - Pluto - Makemake - Haumea - Eris
Differential heating
Gravity and inertia
Solar System
The big bang theory of cosmology
28. Solar Atmosphere is divided into the inner chromosphere with explosive prominences and the outer corona - a glowing halo visible only during a total eclipse - Constantly emitting particles as a...
Comet
Opposite seasons
Lithosphere
Solar wind
29. How much matter is in the object
- cT
Transform plate movements
Density
Evapotranspiration
30. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert
The Gulf - Stream
Evapotranspiration
Solar eclipse
Rain shadow
31. Temperature - pressure - and composition
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
Ways magma can form
Hydrologic cycle
World/global ocean
32. The process in which one type of rock changes into another
The rock cycle
larger planet
Precipitation
Convergent tectonic plates
33. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p
- cP
Volcano
Earth
Photosphere
34. The movement (carrying away or displacement) of solids (sediment - soil - rock - and other particles) - usually by the agents of currents such as wind - water - or ice by downward or down - slope movement in response to gravity
Erosion
Tides
Major oceans
Maritime air
35. Characterized by similar temperatures and moisture levels
Law of superposition
Pacific Ring of Fire
Inertia
Air mass
36. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals (also known as biological weathering)
New moon
Chemical weathering
moisture
Sublimation
37. Test the item against materials of known hardness; for example - use your fingernail or the graphite in a pencil to attempt to scratch the items. This process should result in assigning a relative hardness to the unknown items.
Scratch test
Winter solstice
The big bang theory of cosmology
Uniformitarianism
38. Takes place when the moon passes between the earth and the sun - with the moon blocking the sunlight for about two minutes - A total ___________ may be seen only from a small zone on the earth
Rain shadow
Solar eclipse
Air mass
New moon
39. The outermost part of the earth's interior is made up of two layers...
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
cooling
Seasons
Evapotranspiration
40. The motive force behind land breezes and sea/lake breezes - also known as on - or off - shore winds - Land absorbs and radiates heat faster than water - but water releases heat over a longer period of time
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Comet nuclei
Transform plate movements
Differential heating
41. Paleontology: Fossil evidence indicates the similarity of fossils on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean - Continental 'jigsaw puzzle': The outlines of the continents seem to fit together
Lunar eclipse
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Examples to support Continental drift theory
Sunspots
42. The atmosphere is a __________ - and so small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole - This makes it difficult to accurately predict weather more than a few days in advance
Chaotic system
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Plate tectonics
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
43. Zero degrees latitude - generally has a tropical climate (warm and wet); at the extreme northern and southern latitudes (polar regions) - the climate is very cold and dry
The equator
Canopy interception
Chaotic system
Petroleum exploration
44. Take up about 1/3 of the earth's land surface - many are formed by rain shadows - Usually have a large diurnal (day) and seasonal temperature range - with high daytime temperatures
Climate
Deserts
Extrusive
Tectonic plates
45. Precipitation - Canopy interception - Snowmelt - Runoff - Percolation - Subsurface flow- Evaporation - Sublimation - Condensation
Runoff
Groundwater
Condensation
Hydrologic concepts
46. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms
Weather phenomena on earth
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
Climate
Erosion and land use
47. The strength of gravity in our solar system depends on both the masses of the celestial objects and the _______ between them
Distance
Uniformitarianism
Opposite seasons
Full moon
48. The rising of the earth's ocean surface caused by the tidal forces of the moon and the sun acting on the oceans
Major oceans
Air mass
Tides
Opposite seasons
49. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away
Andromeda galaxy
Solar wind
Neap tide/neaps
Earth's crust
50. 1 hour of time
15
Seasons
Solar wind
5.6
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