Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Refers to the long - term weather patterns of a large geographical area and takes into account temperature - humidity - and precipitation






2. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)






3. Cirrus - Stratus - Cumulonimbus - Altostratus






4. Center: 3000

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5. Not all runoff flows into rivers; much of it infiltrates into the ground through...






6. A continuous drill would find gas - oil - and water in that order - The three substances occur in their order of density - with the lightest substance on top and the heaviest on the bottom






7. The fossiliferous strata record is only the last __% of the earth's history






8. Form when magma or lava cools and solidifies - Depending on the rate of cooling - can contain visible crystals - while others can appear glassy






9. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...






10. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune






11. The outermost part of the earth's interior is made up of two layers...






12. Occurs at the instant when the sun's position in the sky is at its greatest angular distance on the other side of the equatorial plane from the observer's hemisphere - Depending on the shift of the calendar - the winter solstice occurs some time betw






13. A major determiner of coastal climate






14. Deviates by an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees - Thus - at any given time during summer or winter - one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the sun - This exposure alternates as the earth revolves in its orbit






15. A semi - closed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it - and with a free connection to the open sea - Often associated with high levels of biological diversity - They are made up of brackish water - Often given names






16. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed






17. 1 hour of time






18. Method of using the present to interpret the past - Processes occurring today are observed carefully and their effects are measured - Then - geologists assume that similar effects in ancient rocks were caused by processes similar to those of the pres






19. Precipitation - Canopy interception - Snowmelt - Runoff - Percolation - Subsurface flow- Evaporation - Sublimation - Condensation






20. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone






21. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate






22. A region of the earth that has uniform standard time - usually referred to as the local time - divided into standard and daylight saving (or summer)






23. Volcanoes are also found in __________ - where the denser oceanic plates are forced under continental plates; this adds massive volumes of water to the mantle - allowing magma to melt more readily and rise to the surface to form volcanoes






24. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)






25. Some isolated mountains were produced by volcanoes - including many apparently ________ that reach a great height above the ocean floor






26. Runoff and groundwater are stored as ________ in lakes






27. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy






28. Seas - gulfs - bays - and other names






29. The layers of sediment deposited in a quiet environment - Common sites of deposition are lakes - deltas at the mouths of rivers - beaches and sandbars along the coast - and (most important) the marine environment






30. Takes approx. seven and a half earth months to revolve around the sun - Takes approx. eight earth months to rotate on its axis - a day on ________ is longer than a year






31. How much matter is in the object






32. Loose collections of ice - dust - and small rocky particles - measuring a few kilometers or tens of kilometers across






33. Around a new or full moon - when the sun - moon - and the earth form a line - the tidal forces due to the sun reinforce those of the moon - The tide's range is at a maximum and is called a spring tide (spring as in 'to jump/leap -' not the season)






34. Traces of ancient life preserved in the strata as shells - footprints - and the like - Soft plant and animal tissues decompose quickly in the presence of decay bacteria - which exist wherever oxygen exists






35. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an






36. Pulls the planets toward the sun - while their inertia keeps them moving forward in an elliptical orbit around the sun

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37. Occur when two plates push together - Such faults are strong and relatively deep - Where the strongest earthquakes occur Example: mountain building in the Himalayas and the Andes






38. The spectra of distant objects display a red shift - which is interpreted as meaning that they are rapidly receding from us - This apparent expansion of the universe has given rise to the big bang theory of cosmology - in which one primeval mass expl






39. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms






40. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years






41. Occur when two plates pull away from each other - Such faults are generally weak and shallow Example: the Mid - Atlantic Range in the Atlantic Ocean






42. Forms over water and is associated with wet air






43. The atmosphere is a __________ - and so small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole - This makes it difficult to accurately predict weather more than a few days in advance






44. Can thaw and melt - and the ensuing water flows overland as snowmelt






45. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes






46. Igneous rock that forms on the earth's surface - Examples obsidian - basalt - and pumice






47. The science that describes and interprets the earth Fields: - Geomorphology (land forms) - Petrology (rocks) - Stratigraphy (layered rocks) - Paleontology (fossils)






48. Ancient astronomers found that eclipses occurred periodically and learned to predict them accurately - Lunar and solar






49. Rocks are placed into groups according to how they form...






50. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________