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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line
Troposhere
Density
Latitude
Gravity and inertia
2. Classified as warm - water or cold - water currents
Precipitation
Surface ocean currents
jet stream
Transform plate movements
3. Affected by factors such as weathering and impurities
Latitude
Continental air
Asteroids
Mineral color
4. A land form that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area - with a peak - Usually produced by the movement of lithospheric plates
Mountain
- cP
Photosphere
Surface ocean temperature
5. Believed to originate at a much greater distance from the Sun - in a cloud (the Oort cloud) consisting of debris left over from the condensation of solar nebula - Comets are thrown from the outer planets or nearby stars - or as a result of collisions
Long - period comets
Intrusive
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
Conglomerates
6. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)
Altostratus clouds
Weathering
Mantle plumes
Sublimation
7. The resulting dust layer would act as a shield - blocking out much of the sun's rays - This would result in lower global temperatures and a general _____ of the earth
Asteroids
Galaxies
cooling
Tectonic plates
8. Typically the tidal mouths of rivers and are often characterized by _____________ or silt carried in from terrestrial runoff - frequently from offshore
Solar radiation
Earth
Sedimentation
Sun
9. Cirrus - Stratus - Cumulonimbus - Altostratus
The earth's structure
Uniformitarianism
Types of clouds
Valley breeze
10. Around a new or full moon - when the sun - moon - and the earth form a line - the tidal forces due to the sun reinforce those of the moon - The tide's range is at a maximum and is called a spring tide (spring as in 'to jump/leap -' not the season)
Spring tide
Conglomerates
Gravity and inertia
Chemical sedimentary rocks
11. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune
Short - period comets
freshwater springs
Limestone
New moon
12. Erosion in many places is increased by human land use - Poor land - use practices include deforestation - overgrazing - unmanaged construction activity - and road building
Erosion and land use
groundwater discharge
Examples to support Continental drift theory
Igneous rocks
13. Characterized by similar temperatures and moisture levels
El Nino and La Nina
larger planet
Diurnal
Air mass
14. Sun heats water in the oceans - Water evaporates as vapor into the air - Ice and snow can sublimate directly into water vapor...- Over time - the water reenters the ocean - where the water cycle started
Venus
Tides
Hydrologic cycle
Axis tilt
15. The major mountains tend to occur in __________ - indicating tectonic plate boundaries and activity
Long linear arcs
Erosion
Weight and mass
Solar radiation
16. Due to a combination of differential heating and geometry - hen the sun rises - it is the tops of the mountain peaks which receive first light - and as the day progresses - the mountain slopes take on a greater heat load than the valleys - This resul
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Block mountains or fold mountains
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
Soil
17. Travels in an orbit that is slightly elliptical (oval) - and so the distance from the sun ranges from 91.5 to 94.5 million miles - Its daily rotation deforms the earth to a flattened spheroid - with a polar radius slightly less than the equatorial ra
Venus
Subduction zones
Earth
The big bang theory of cosmology
18. Loose collections of ice - dust - and small rocky particles - measuring a few kilometers or tens of kilometers across
Comet nuclei
- mP
Law of original horizontality
Weight and mass
19. There are approx. _____ days between each lunar cycle
Snow packs
larger planet
29.5
Air mass
20. Forms south of the Arctic and is cold
Galactic center
Surface ocean temperature
Ice Age
Polar air
21. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away
Standard time zones
Andromeda galaxy
Subduction zones
Distance
22. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon
Deserts
46%
Groundwater
29.5
23. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted
Convergent tectonic plates
Cirrus clouds
Runoff
The distinction between asteroids and comets
24. Formed by sodium chloride
The equator
Daylight saving time zones
Rock salt
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
25. The transformation of water from liquid to gas phases as it moves from the ground or bodies of water into the overlying atmosphere
Why weather occurs
Evaporation
Opposite seasons
Standard time zones
26. The fossiliferous strata record is only the last __% of the earth's history
Polar air
11
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
Major oceans
27. Forms over the Tropics and is warm
Rainfall
Tropical air
Evapotranspiration
precipitation
28. Condensed water vapor that falls to the earth's surface - Most precipitation occurs as rain - but also includes snow - hail - fog drip - graupel - and sleet
Surface ocean temperature
Precipitation
Troposhere
Tides
29. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e
Equinoxes
New moon
lower elevation
Erosion
30. The precipitation that is intercepted by plant foliage and eventually evaporates back to the atmosphere rather than falling to the ground
lower elevation
Geology
Asteroids
Canopy interception
31. Pulls the planets toward the sun - while their inertia keeps them moving forward in an elliptical orbit around the sun
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32. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals (also known as biological weathering)
- cP
Altostratus clouds
Chemical weathering
Ways magma can form
33. A semi - closed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it - and with a free connection to the open sea - Often associated with high levels of biological diversity - They are made up of brackish water - Often given names
Galactic center
Estuary
California coast
Colder
34. Theory that the earth's continents were originally united as a supercontinent - Pangaea - Established by Alfred Wegener in the early 1900s
Continental drift
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
- mP
Sedimentary rocks
35. Occurs at the instant when the sun's position in the sky is at its greatest angular distance on the other side of the equatorial plane from the observer's hemisphere - Depending on the shift of the calendar - the winter solstice occurs some time betw
River
Geology
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Winter solstice
36. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog
Eclipses
Condensation
Hydrologic cycle
Galactic center
37. A continuous drill would find gas - oil - and water in that order - The three substances occur in their order of density - with the lightest substance on top and the heaviest on the bottom
Convergent plate movements
Orogenic zones
Nuclear fusion
Petroleum exploration
38. The North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean - and thus its temperature extremes are buffered by the water - The result is that the South Pole is consistently _______ during the southern winter than the North Pole during the northern winter
precipitation
World/global ocean
Colder
Types of galaxies
39. (or summer time zones) include an offset (typically +1 hour) for daylight saving time
Lunar eclipse
Daylight saving time zones
Comet
Geology
40. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler
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41. Can thaw and melt - and the ensuing water flows overland as snowmelt
New moon
Metamorphic rocks
Snow packs
Andromeda galaxy
42. A ______________ - such as the Mid - Atlantic Ridge - has examples of volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates pulling apart
Mid - oceanic ridge
Semidiurnal
Axis tilt
Law of superposition
43. Some precipitation falls as ____ and can accumulate as ice caps and glaciers - which can store water for thousands of years
precipitation
Mohs' scale of hardness
snow
Solar wind
44. Ancient astronomers found that eclipses occurred periodically and learned to predict them accurately - Lunar and solar
Divergent plate movements
Eclipses
Precipitation
Rainfall
45. Refers to the long - term weather patterns of a large geographical area and takes into account temperature - humidity - and precipitation
groundwater discharge
freshwater
Climate
River
46. The layers of sediment deposited in a quiet environment - Common sites of deposition are lakes - deltas at the mouths of rivers - beaches and sandbars along the coast - and (most important) the marine environment
Condensation
The equator
Estuary
Strata
47. Earth movements - The result of forces within the earth - where temperature and pressure differences lead to instability
Weight and mass
Metamorphic rocks
Crustal rocks
15
48. Divided into two main types: large - low- density gas giants and smaller - rocky terrestrials - There are at least 341 identified _______ - 8 of which are in the Solar System
46%
Mantle plumes
Planets
El Nino
49. The best determiner of climate - as it is consistently and directly correlated with temperature - other factors: Rain shadows - as well as water currents - elevation and so forth
aquifers
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
The earth's structure
Latitude
50. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)
Rain shadow
Neap tide/neaps
Lunar eclipse
Troposhere