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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Forms over the Tropics and is warm
Conglomerates
Latitude
Tropical air
Standard time zones
2. Maritime polar (wet - cold air)
Equinoxes
Conglomerates
Sedimentary rocks
- mP
3. A land form that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area - with a peak - Usually produced by the movement of lithospheric plates
World/global ocean
Block mountains or fold mountains
Mountain
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
4. The movement of rainwater as it filters through soil and rocks into the ground - becoming groundwater
Metamorphic rocks
Weather phenomena on earth
Percolation
Standard time zones
5. After the moon has waxed through crescent - quarter - and gibbous phases - a ________ appears - At that time - the moon rises at sunset - and we see all of its illuminated side - Then the phase wanes gradually to another new moon
Latitude
Conglomerates
Solar eclipse
Full moon
6. Comprised of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle - broken up into tectonic plates (7 major and many minor) - ride on the asthenosphere
Altostratus clouds
Lithosphere
- mP
Mountain
7. The fossiliferous strata record is only the last __% of the earth's history
larger planet
11
Opposite seasons
Snowmelt
8. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods
Styles of rock deformation
Sedimentary rocks
Equinoxes
Comet
9. Temperature - pressure - and composition
Distance
Stratus clouds
Ways magma can form
World/global ocean
10. Some water infiltrates deep into the ground and replenishes ________ - which store huge amounts of freshwater for long periods of time
Law of superposition
Long - period comets
aquifers
Ways magma can form
11. The Pacific Ring of Fire has examples of volcanoes caused by ___________ coming together
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Convergent tectonic plates
Clastic
Inertia
12. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)
Law of original horizontality
Groundwater
Coral reef
Troposhere
13. Hotspot volcanoes are also found elsewhere in the Solar System - especially on...
Types of clouds
Rocky planets and moons
The big bang theory of cosmology
larger planet
14. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert
Uniformitarianism
Erosion and land use
Rain shadow
Opposite seasons
15. Sun heats water in the oceans - Water evaporates as vapor into the air - Ice and snow can sublimate directly into water vapor...- Over time - the water reenters the ocean - where the water cycle started
- cP
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Hydrologic cycle
River
16. Believed to originate at a much greater distance from the Sun - in a cloud (the Oort cloud) consisting of debris left over from the condensation of solar nebula - Comets are thrown from the outer planets or nearby stars - or as a result of collisions
Long - period comets
Limestone
Sedimentation
Equinoxes
17. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an
Strata
Transform plate movements
Sedimentary rocks
Petroleum exploration
18. On maps - the characteristics of an air mass are represented by two letters: The lowercase letter represents ________ - and the uppercase letter represents temperature
moisture
Sunspots
Longitude
Axis tilt
19. The lateral movement of the plates is typically at speeds of ___ mm annually
California coast
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Rock salt
50-100
20. The layers of sediment deposited in a quiet environment - Common sites of deposition are lakes - deltas at the mouths of rivers - beaches and sandbars along the coast - and (most important) the marine environment
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
Strata
Opposite seasons
Hydrologic cycle
21. The flow of water underground - in the vadose zone and aquifers - Subsurface water may return to the surface (as a spring or by being pumped) or eventually seep into the oceans
50-100
Transpiration
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Subsurface flow
22. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic
The distinction between asteroids and comets
- mP
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Pacific Ring of Fire
23. The runoff produced by melting snow
Long linear arcs
Snowmelt
The equator
clouds
24. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...
Chemical weathering
Surface ocean currents
Major oceans
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
25. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through direct contact with atmospheric conditions such as heat - water - ice - and pressure
Surface temperature differences
The rock cycle
Continental drift
Mechanical/physical weathering
26. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years
10000
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Hydrologic cycle
The rock cycle
27. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Law of original horizontality
Comet nuclei
Nuclear fusion
28. Form when magma or lava cools and solidifies - Depending on the rate of cooling - can contain visible crystals - while others can appear glassy
percolation
Continental air
Chaotic system
Igneous rocks
29. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________
Galactic center
cooling
Meteorology
Continental drift
30. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the
Pacific Ring of Fire
Seasons
Daylight saving time zones
Continental air
31. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration
Transpiration
jet stream
Sedimentation
Examples to support Continental drift theory
32. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away
Andromeda galaxy
Colder
Runoff
Chemical sedimentary rocks
33. Scientists theorize that massive volcanic eruptions on a global scale contributed to the earth's cooling - resulting in the onset of the...
groundwater discharge
Styles of rock deformation
Ice Age
Solar radiation
34. Cirrus - Stratus - Cumulonimbus - Altostratus
Types of clouds
Axis tilt
groundwater discharge
Meteorology
35. Continental polar (dry - cold air)
Mountain
- cP
Petroleum exploration
Runoff
36. The spectra of distant objects display a red shift - which is interpreted as meaning that they are rapidly receding from us - This apparent expansion of the universe has given rise to the big bang theory of cosmology - in which one primeval mass expl
The most abundant minerals in the crust
The big bang theory of cosmology
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Eclipses
37. Further caused by the elliptical orbit of the earth - Earth reaches perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the sun) in January - and it reaches aphelion (farthest point from the sun) in July - Also depend on factors such as proximity to oceans
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
The geological time scale
Strata
Standard time zones
38. How much matter is in the object
- cP
New moon
Snow packs
Density
39. The resulting dust layer would act as a shield - blocking out much of the sun's rays - This would result in lower global temperatures and a general _____ of the earth
cooling
Earth
Rocky planets and moons
El Nino and La Nina
40. Largest zone of the planet (68%); crystalline silicates - rich in magnesium - calcium - and iron; very hot and mainly solid - but local melting to magma is the source of volcanic eruptions
Tectonic plates
Mantle
World/global ocean
Igneous rocks
41. Most sediments were deposited in beds that were originally horizontal - and any tilting is due to later earth movements
Galactic center
Petroleum exploration
Erosion and land use
Law of original horizontality
42. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e
Equinoxes
Evapotranspiration
Hydrologic concepts
Solar radiation
43. Formed by sodium chloride
Rock salt
Styles of rock deformation
Rain shadow
The rock cycle
44. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the same area - Atlanta tropical cyclone activity is generally enhanced during La Nina - Often follows the El Nino - especially when the latter is strong
La Nina
Block mountains or fold mountains
moisture
Subduction zones
45. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun
Parallax
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
Convergent plate movements
Comet nuclei
46. Runoff and groundwater are stored as ________ in lakes
freshwater
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Surface temperature
Solar System
47. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon
Surface ocean currents
Planets
New moon
46%
48. Occur along plate boundaries
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
Moon
groundwater discharge
El Nino
49. The motive force behind land breezes and sea/lake breezes - also known as on - or off - shore winds - Land absorbs and radiates heat faster than water - but water releases heat over a longer period of time
Volcano
15
Differential heating
Sun's gravity
50. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England
Parallax
Subsurface flow
Longitude
Hydrologic cycle