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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
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Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
Longitude
Block mountains or fold mountains
Law of original horizontality
2. Method of using the present to interpret the past - Processes occurring today are observed carefully and their effects are measured - Then - geologists assume that similar effects in ancient rocks were caused by processes similar to those of the pres
World/global ocean
Uniformitarianism
Ice Age
Standard time zones
3. Some groundwater finds openings in the land surface and emerges as...
freshwater springs
freshwater
Rocky planets and moons
Sedimentary rocks
4. Sun heats water in the oceans - Water evaporates as vapor into the air - Ice and snow can sublimate directly into water vapor...- Over time - the water reenters the ocean - where the water cycle started
The equator
Hydrologic cycle
Semidiurnal
Solar radiation
5. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert
Smaller regions of the oceans
Rain shadow
Continental air
5.6
6. Believed to originate at a much greater distance from the Sun - in a cloud (the Oort cloud) consisting of debris left over from the condensation of solar nebula - Comets are thrown from the outer planets or nearby stars - or as a result of collisions
Surface ocean currents
Cleavage
Surface temperature differences
Long - period comets
7. The flow of water underground - in the vadose zone and aquifers - Subsurface water may return to the surface (as a spring or by being pumped) or eventually seep into the oceans
Chemical weathering
Subsurface flow
lower
Metamorphic rocks
8. Occurs when the moon sets at sunset - Then the moon is between the earth and the sun - so we see only the dark half of the moon
New moon
Ways magma can form
Parallax
Troposhere
9. Water transpired from plants and evaporated from the soil
Evapotranspiration
Cleavage
The big bang theory of cosmology
- cP
10. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures
Asteroids
Pacific Ring of Fire
The most abundant minerals in the crust
lower elevation
11. On maps - the characteristics of an air mass are represented by two letters: The lowercase letter represents ________ - and the uppercase letter represents temperature
New moon
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
Law of superposition
moisture
12. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5
Uniformitarianism
Volcano
El Nino and La Nina
Hydrologic cycle
13. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal
The geological time scale
Semidiurnal
Small islands
Soil
14. Erosion in many places is increased by human land use - Poor land - use practices include deforestation - overgrazing - unmanaged construction activity - and road building
Precipitation
Crust
3/4
Erosion and land use
15. Air currents move clouds around the globe and cloud particles collide - grow - and fall out of the sky as ________ - Most of it falls back into the oceans or onto land - where the precipitation flows over the ground as surface runoff - portion of run
precipitation
Types of galaxies
Earth
Galaxies
16. Two feldspars (orthoclase and plagioclase) - quartz - olivine - and augite - These five minerals are silicates - built from interlocking silicon and oxygen atoms
La Nina
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
jet stream
The most abundant minerals in the crust
17. Seas - gulfs - bays - and other names
Stars
Types of galaxies
Smaller regions of the oceans
- cT
18. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans
Deserts
Daylight saving time zones
Solar wind
Chemical sedimentary rocks
19. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years
Erosion
Solar radiation
10000
Petroleum exploration
20. Two types of mountains are formed - depending on how the rock reacts to the tectonic forces
Continental drift
Block mountains or fold mountains
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
Polar air
21. Bbreaking along flat surfaces
Long - period comets
Sun's gravity
Cleavage
Altostratus clouds
22. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy
Nuclear fusion
Metamorphic rocks
percolation
La Nina
23. The strength of gravity in our solar system depends on both the masses of the celestial objects and the _______ between them
Solar radiation
Distance
Uniformitarianism
World/global ocean
24. Texture is important in classifying ______ sedimentary rocks
Subduction zones
El Nino
Clastic
Tropical air
25. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away
Andromeda galaxy
Fossils
Standard time zones
29.5
26. Most sediments were deposited in beds that were originally horizontal - and any tilting is due to later earth movements
Block mountains or fold mountains
Differential heating
Evaporation
Law of original horizontality
27. The atmosphere is a __________ - and so small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole - This makes it difficult to accurately predict weather more than a few days in advance
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
Chaotic system
Sun's gravity
Semidiurnal
28. Deviates by an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees - Thus - at any given time during summer or winter - one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the sun - This exposure alternates as the earth revolves in its orbit
lower
Lithosphere
Coral reef
Axis tilt
29. The lateral movement of the plates is typically at speeds of ___ mm annually
Metamorphic rocks
- mP
Latitude
50-100
30. Large - dark clouds that indicate thunderstorms
Condensation
Cumulonibus clouds
Maritime air
freshwater springs
31. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow
Altostratus clouds
Igneous rocks
Mountain
Crust
32. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift
cooling
Orogenic zones
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Earth's crust
33. The earth is believed to be about ___ billion years old
5.6
Mantle
Longitude
Sedimentary rocks
34. Formed by sodium chloride
Meteorology
Condensation
Rock salt
46%
35. The movement (carrying away or displacement) of solids (sediment - soil - rock - and other particles) - usually by the agents of currents such as wind - water - or ice by downward or down - slope movement in response to gravity
Erosion
Weather phenomena on earth
Opposite seasons
Long - period comets
36. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune
Short - period comets
cooling
Earth's crust
Geology
37. The result of the buildup of once - living things
Canopy interception
Coral reef
Weathering
Surface temperature
38. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Conglomerates
Daylight saving time zones
River
39. The outermost part of the earth's interior is made up of two layers...
Metamorphic rocks
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
5.6
Solar wind
40. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years
5.6
The rock cycle
Subsurface flow
Groundwater
41. Large - scale movements of the earth's lithosphere - - The theory encompasses the older concepts of continental drift (first half of 20th century) and seafloor spreading (1960s)
Distance
Snow packs
Plate tectonics
Law of original horizontality
42. Condensed water vapor that falls to the earth's surface - Most precipitation occurs as rain - but also includes snow - hail - fog drip - graupel - and sleet
Block mountains or fold mountains
Precipitation
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Pacific Ring of Fire
43. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate
Metamorphic rocks
Subsurface flow
Lunar eclipse
Hydrologic cycle
44. Smooth layers of low clouds that indicate a chance of drizzle or snow
Stratus clouds
Evapotranspiration
Mineral color
Crust
45. An individual weighing 200 lbs on Earth would weigh more on a _______________ - Weight is a function of gravity
Solar System
larger planet
Photosphere
Coral reef
46. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000
lower
Gravity and inertia
5.6
Photosphere
47. Form when magma or lava cools and solidifies - Depending on the rate of cooling - can contain visible crystals - while others can appear glassy
Igneous rocks
Latitude
California coast
Metamorphic rocks
48. Paleontology: Fossil evidence indicates the similarity of fossils on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean - Continental 'jigsaw puzzle': The outlines of the continents seem to fit together
Surface ocean currents
Solar wind
Latitude
Examples to support Continental drift theory
49. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through direct contact with atmospheric conditions such as heat - water - ice - and pressure
The rock cycle
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Mechanical/physical weathering
Precipitation
50. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes
Block mountains or fold mountains
lower elevation
El Nino and La Nina
Crust
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