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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p
Earth
Galaxies
Sedimentation
Volcano
2. Scientists theorize that massive volcanic eruptions on a global scale contributed to the earth's cooling - resulting in the onset of the...
lower
Ice Age
Scratch test
Hydrologic concepts
3. Form when magma or lava cools and solidifies - Depending on the rate of cooling - can contain visible crystals - while others can appear glassy
Why weather occurs
Igneous rocks
Snowmelt
moisture
4. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone
Types of clouds
Major oceans
Conglomerates
Eclipses
5. The source of energy for evaporation is primarily through ___________
The equator
The geological time scale
Solar radiation
Deserts
6. Takes approx. seven and a half earth months to revolve around the sun - Takes approx. eight earth months to rotate on its axis - a day on ________ is longer than a year
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Snow packs
The equator
Venus
7. Center: 3000
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8. 186000 miles/second
Precipitation
Speed of light
Seasons
Time zone
9. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic
Soil
Pacific Ring of Fire
Petroleum exploration
Andromeda galaxy
10. This upslope wind is called a...
Law of superposition
The big bang theory of cosmology
Valley breeze
Moon
11. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler
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12. The strong temperature contrast between polar and tropical air gives rise to the ________
Galaxies
Solar System
freshwater springs
jet stream
13. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune
Distance
Galactic center
aquifers
Short - period comets
14. 4 terrestrials: Mercury - Venus - Mars - Earth 4 gas giants: Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune At least 5 dwarf planets: Ceres - Pluto - Makemake - Haumea - Eris
Weight and mass
Major oceans
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Solar System
15. Spiral - elliptical - and irregular form are speckled throughout the visible universe - Largest telescope has detected galaxies to its limit of several billion light - years
The rock cycle
Types of galaxies
Axis tilt
Evapotranspiration
16. The spectra of distant objects display a red shift - which is interpreted as meaning that they are rapidly receding from us - This apparent expansion of the universe has given rise to the big bang theory of cosmology - in which one primeval mass expl
The big bang theory of cosmology
Semidiurnal
freshwater
Surface ocean currents
17. The best determiner of climate - as it is consistently and directly correlated with temperature - other factors: Rain shadows - as well as water currents - elevation and so forth
Spring tide
Latitude
Transform plate movements
Opposite seasons
18. Temperature - pressure - and composition
Ways magma can form
Air mass
Crustal rocks
Daylight saving time zones
19. On maps - the characteristics of an air mass are represented by two letters: The lowercase letter represents ________ - and the uppercase letter represents temperature
Canopy interception
Rock salt
moisture
Semidiurnal
20. The Pacific Ring of Fire has examples of volcanoes caused by ___________ coming together
Sublimation
Convergent tectonic plates
Styles of rock deformation
Tectonic plates
21. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures
Rain shadow
Soil
lower elevation
Standard time zones
22. Theory that the earth's continents were originally united as a supercontinent - Pangaea - Established by Alfred Wegener in the early 1900s
larger planet
Canopy interception
Continental drift
Runoff
23. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans
precipitation
Minerals
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Convergent tectonic plates
24. Some water infiltrates deep into the ground and replenishes ________ - which store huge amounts of freshwater for long periods of time
Sun
Maritime air
aquifers
Rain shadow
25. A region of the earth that has uniform standard time - usually referred to as the local time - divided into standard and daylight saving (or summer)
Percolation
Nuclear fusion
Time zone
El Nino
26. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000
Tectonic plates
Divergent plate movements
Photosphere
Meteorology
27. Huge systems of stars - Milky Way is estimated to have 100 billion stars arranged in a great disk
- mP
Surface ocean currents
Conglomerates
Galaxies
28. A major determiner of coastal climate
Density
Surface ocean temperature
Latitude
Uniformitarianism
29. Some precipitation falls as ____ and can accumulate as ice caps and glaciers - which can store water for thousands of years
Polar air
snow
Solar System
Types of galaxies
30. There are approx. _____ days between each lunar cycle
The Gulf - Stream
29.5
Subduction zones
Neap tide/neaps
31. Largest zone of the planet (68%); crystalline silicates - rich in magnesium - calcium - and iron; very hot and mainly solid - but local melting to magma is the source of volcanic eruptions
Mantle
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Hydrologic cycle
The rock cycle
32. After the moon has waxed through crescent - quarter - and gibbous phases - a ________ appears - At that time - the moon rises at sunset - and we see all of its illuminated side - Then the phase wanes gradually to another new moon
Major oceans
Types of galaxies
Transform plate movements
Full moon
33. Different visual appearance; when discovered - comets show a perceptible coma while asteroids do not
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Earth
freshwater springs
Cumulonibus clouds
34. 1 hour of time
Rock salt
15
Snow packs
groundwater discharge
35. Forms over water and is associated with wet air
Canopy interception
Maritime air
Equinoxes
River
36. Method of using the present to interpret the past - Processes occurring today are observed carefully and their effects are measured - Then - geologists assume that similar effects in ancient rocks were caused by processes similar to those of the pres
Daylight saving time zones
Uniformitarianism
Hydrologic cycle
Tropical air
37. A semi - closed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it - and with a free connection to the open sea - Often associated with high levels of biological diversity - They are made up of brackish water - Often given names
Estuary
10000
Comet nuclei
- cP
38. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e
New moon
Precipitation
Equinoxes
Surface ocean currents
39. Igneous rock that forms on the earth's surface - Examples obsidian - basalt - and pumice
Smaller regions of the oceans
La Nina
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Extrusive
40. A warm - water current that carries warm water from the Tropics to the Arctic regions of the North Atlantic Ocean - This accounts for higher temperatures and higher humidity on the Eastern Seaboard during the summer
Solar radiation
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
Block mountains or fold mountains
The Gulf - Stream
41. Precipitation - Canopy interception - Snowmelt - Runoff - Percolation - Subsurface flow- Evaporation - Sublimation - Condensation
Crust
Full moon
Hydrologic concepts
Ice Age
42. How much matter is in the object
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
Metamorphic rocks
Stratus clouds
Density
43. Younger beds were originally deposited above older beds
Law of superposition
Coral reef
The Gulf - Stream
Scratch test
44. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert
Plate tectonics
Tropical air
Rain shadow
Sublimation
45. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...
Mohs' scale of hardness
Minerals
Opposite seasons
Gravity and inertia
46. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________
Eclipses
Galactic center
Polar air
Cumulonibus clouds
47. Rocks are placed into groups according to how they form...
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
Longitude
Stars
48. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms
Stratus clouds
- mT
Weather phenomena on earth
Estuary
49. Can influence climate by sending tremendous volumes of dust - ash - and smoke into the atmosphere
Chemical sedimentary rocks
snow
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
Solar radiation
50. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog
Condensation
11
Coral reef
Metamorphic rocks