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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The runoff produced by melting snow
11
Snowmelt
Altostratus clouds
Crustal rocks
2. Gas giants Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus and Neptune have diameters far larger than Earth's and have far greater masses
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
Sedimentation
Weight and mass
Law of original horizontality
3. Air currents move clouds around the globe and cloud particles collide - grow - and fall out of the sky as ________ - Most of it falls back into the oceans or onto land - where the precipitation flows over the ground as surface runoff - portion of run
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
precipitation
Daylight saving time zones
Seasons
4. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Subsurface flow
Inertia
Ways magma can form
5. Temperature - pressure - and composition
Ways magma can form
Examples to support Continental drift theory
Soil
Stars
6. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th
Altostratus clouds
Fossils
Neap tide/neaps
El Nino
7. Different visual appearance; when discovered - comets show a perceptible coma while asteroids do not
The distinction between asteroids and comets
- mT
Plate tectonics
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
8. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone
Pacific Ring of Fire
Latitude
Conglomerates
The earth's structure
9. One tidal cycle per day
The geological time scale
Sun
Diurnal
Erosion
10. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune
Strata
Short - period comets
Solar radiation
Photosphere
11. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy
Mantle plumes
Chemical weathering
Nuclear fusion
Small islands
12. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes
Tidal range
Crust
Gravity and inertia
5.6
13. Pulls the planets toward the sun - while their inertia keeps them moving forward in an elliptical orbit around the sun
14. Erosion in many places is increased by human land use - Poor land - use practices include deforestation - overgrazing - unmanaged construction activity - and road building
Erosion and land use
Runoff
Mountain
Stratus clouds
15. Formed by sodium chloride
New moon
The Gulf - Stream
Sunspots
Rock salt
16. Younger beds were originally deposited above older beds
Photosphere
Block mountains or fold mountains
3/4
Law of superposition
17. This scale assigns a fixed number to 10 reference materials. Talc (1) is the softest and diamond (10) is the hardest
18. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Pacific Ring of Fire
Surface ocean temperature
Chemical sedimentary rocks
19. Can influence climate by sending tremendous volumes of dust - ash - and smoke into the atmosphere
clouds
Seasons
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
Comet nuclei
20. Volcanoes are also found in __________ - where the denser oceanic plates are forced under continental plates; this adds massive volumes of water to the mantle - allowing magma to melt more readily and rise to the surface to form volcanoes
Styles of rock deformation
Subduction zones
Solar wind
Valley breeze
21. Occur when two plates push together - Such faults are strong and relatively deep - Where the strongest earthquakes occur Example: mountain building in the Himalayas and the Andes
Convergent plate movements
Percolation
Stratus clouds
Distance
22. Earth movements - The result of forces within the earth - where temperature and pressure differences lead to instability
Crustal rocks
Chemical weathering
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Inertia
23. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods
Comet
Uniformitarianism
Gravity and inertia
Minerals
24. Formed from calcium carbonate - also an example of chemical sedimentary rocks - like roock salt - can contain organic or once - living matter and can record the history of that matter's formation in features such as strata - fossil evidence - and rip
15
Asteroids
Limestone
Small islands
25. The best determiner of climate - as it is consistently and directly correlated with temperature - other factors: Rain shadows - as well as water currents - elevation and so forth
Latitude
The big bang theory of cosmology
Parallax
Ice Age
26. Oceans cover __ of the earth's surface
3/4
Orogenic zones
Conglomerates
Tides
27. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures
Cumulonibus clouds
Limestone
lower elevation
snow
28. The resulting dust layer would act as a shield - blocking out much of the sun's rays - This would result in lower global temperatures and a general _____ of the earth
- cP
Scratch test
cooling
Photosphere
29. Occurs when the moon sets at sunset - Then the moon is between the earth and the sun - so we see only the dark half of the moon
New moon
Subsurface flow
Lithosphere
percolation
30. Faulting and folding
Parallax
larger planet
Styles of rock deformation
Valley breeze
31. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...
32. Some water infiltrates deep into the ground and replenishes ________ - which store huge amounts of freshwater for long periods of time
aquifers
50-100
Winter solstice
California coast
33. A semi - closed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it - and with a free connection to the open sea - Often associated with high levels of biological diversity - They are made up of brackish water - Often given names
- mP
Eclipses
Estuary
Long - period comets
34. Seas - gulfs - bays - and other names
lower
Smaller regions of the oceans
Snow packs
Intrusive
35. Due to a combination of differential heating and geometry - hen the sun rises - it is the tops of the mountain peaks which receive first light - and as the day progresses - the mountain slopes take on a greater heat load than the valleys - This resul
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
The earth's structure
Gravity and inertia
- mT
36. Ancient astronomers found that eclipses occurred periodically and learned to predict them accurately - Lunar and solar
Stars
Limestone
Eclipses
Evapotranspiration
37. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon
46%
The earth's structure
Plate tectonics
Sun
38. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5
Earth's crust
Inertia
Condensation
El Nino and La Nina
39. Travels in an orbit that is slightly elliptical (oval) - and so the distance from the sun ranges from 91.5 to 94.5 million miles - Its daily rotation deforms the earth to a flattened spheroid - with a polar radius slightly less than the equatorial ra
Polar air
Surface temperature
Earth
Divergent plate movements
40. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert
Rain shadow
moisture
Pacific Ring of Fire
Percolation
41. Occurs at the instant when the sun's position in the sky is at its greatest angular distance on the other side of the equatorial plane from the observer's hemisphere - Depending on the shift of the calendar - the winter solstice occurs some time betw
Solar radiation
Winter solstice
freshwater springs
Deserts
42. The process of chemical or physical breakdown of earth rocks - soils - and their minerals
Clastic
clouds
Weathering
Transpiration
43. Forms over the Tropics and is warm
Solar wind
Surface ocean currents
Tropical air
Crustal rocks
44. Takes approx. seven and a half earth months to revolve around the sun - Takes approx. eight earth months to rotate on its axis - a day on ________ is longer than a year
Neap tide/neaps
Mineral color
Meteorology
Venus
45. Condensed water vapor that falls to the earth's surface - Most precipitation occurs as rain - but also includes snow - hail - fog drip - graupel - and sleet
Asteroids
Precipitation
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
percolation
46. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...
Opposite seasons
aquifers
Lithosphere
Mineral color
47. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the
snow
Weight and mass
Smaller regions of the oceans
Seasons
48. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow
El Nino and La Nina
29.5
Altostratus clouds
Semidiurnal
49. Take up about 1/3 of the earth's land surface - many are formed by rain shadows - Usually have a large diurnal (day) and seasonal temperature range - with high daytime temperatures
Deserts
Metamorphic rocks
Surface ocean currents
Erosion
50. When the moon is at first quarter or third quarter - the sun - earth and moon form a 90- degree (right) angle with the earth at the vertex - The combined effect of this alignment of the sun - earth - and moon results in tidal ranges on the earth - Wh
Neap tide/neaps
lower elevation
Plate tectonics
Why weather occurs