Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Large - scale movements of the earth's lithosphere - - The theory encompasses the older concepts of continental drift (first half of 20th century) and seafloor spreading (1960s)






2. The source of energy for evaporation is primarily through ___________






3. Huge systems of stars - Milky Way is estimated to have 100 billion stars arranged in a great disk






4. Method of using the present to interpret the past - Processes occurring today are observed carefully and their effects are measured - Then - geologists assume that similar effects in ancient rocks were caused by processes similar to those of the pres






5. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line






6. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an






7. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th






8. Takes approx. seven and a half earth months to revolve around the sun - Takes approx. eight earth months to rotate on its axis - a day on ________ is longer than a year






9. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune






10. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow






11. Some infiltration stays close to the land surface and can seep back into surface - water bodies (and the ocean) as...






12. Runoff and groundwater are stored as ________ in lakes






13. Volcanoes are generally found where ________ are diverging or converging






14. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the






15. Travels in an orbit that is slightly elliptical (oval) - and so the distance from the sun ranges from 91.5 to 94.5 million miles - Its daily rotation deforms the earth to a flattened spheroid - with a polar radius slightly less than the equatorial ra






16. Loose collections of ice - dust - and small rocky particles - measuring a few kilometers or tens of kilometers across






17. Forms over the Tropics and is warm






18. Tides may be...






19. A semi - closed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it - and with a free connection to the open sea - Often associated with high levels of biological diversity - They are made up of brackish water - Often given names






20. Air currents move clouds around the globe and cloud particles collide - grow - and fall out of the sky as ________ - Most of it falls back into the oceans or onto land - where the precipitation flows over the ground as surface runoff - portion of run






21. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5






22. Can thaw and melt - and the ensuing water flows overland as snowmelt






23. The degrees north or south of the equator






24. Can influence climate by sending tremendous volumes of dust - ash - and smoke into the atmosphere






25. Different visual appearance; when discovered - comets show a perceptible coma while asteroids do not






26. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes






27. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________






28. The process in which one type of rock changes into another






29. Defined by geometrically subdividing the earth's spheroid into 24 lunes (wedge - shaped sections) - bordered by meridians - each 15






30. The spectra of distant objects display a red shift - which is interpreted as meaning that they are rapidly receding from us - This apparent expansion of the universe has given rise to the big bang theory of cosmology - in which one primeval mass expl






31. Spiral - elliptical - and irregular form are speckled throughout the visible universe - Largest telescope has detected galaxies to its limit of several billion light - years






32. Temperature - pressure - and composition






33. The atmosphere is a __________ - and so small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole - This makes it difficult to accurately predict weather more than a few days in advance






34. The process of chemical or physical breakdown of earth rocks - soils - and their minerals






35. This upslope wind is called a...






36. Faulting and folding






37. The Pacific Ring of Fire has examples of volcanoes caused by ___________ coming together






38. Giant masses of solid rock that float upon the earth's mantle - These plates move in relation to one another at one of three types of plate boundaries...






39. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration






40. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted






41. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...






42. Cirrus - Stratus - Cumulonimbus - Altostratus






43. A major determiner of coastal climate






44. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...

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45. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals (also known as biological weathering)






46. Occur when two plates pull away from each other - Such faults are generally weak and shallow Example: the Mid - Atlantic Range in the Atlantic Ocean






47. - The materials left over after the rock breaks down combine with organic material - The mineral content is determined by the parent material; thus - a soil derived from a single rock type can often be deficient in one or more minerals for good ferti






48. Due to a combination of differential heating and geometry - hen the sun rises - it is the tops of the mountain peaks which receive first light - and as the day progresses - the mountain slopes take on a greater heat load than the valleys - This resul






49. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England






50. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed