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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The atmosphere is a __________ - and so small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole - This makes it difficult to accurately predict weather more than a few days in advance
Chaotic system
Conglomerates
Semidiurnal
The earth's structure
2. - The materials left over after the rock breaks down combine with organic material - The mineral content is determined by the parent material; thus - a soil derived from a single rock type can often be deficient in one or more minerals for good ferti
Soil
Spring tide
Cleavage
Earth's crust
3. Travels in an orbit that is slightly elliptical (oval) - and so the distance from the sun ranges from 91.5 to 94.5 million miles - Its daily rotation deforms the earth to a flattened spheroid - with a polar radius slightly less than the equatorial ra
Earth
Tides
Igneous rocks
- mP
4. Two types of mountains are formed - depending on how the rock reacts to the tectonic forces
Surface temperature
Chaotic system
Speed of light
Block mountains or fold mountains
5. Deviates by an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees - Thus - at any given time during summer or winter - one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the sun - This exposure alternates as the earth revolves in its orbit
Axis tilt
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Hydrologic concepts
El Nino and La Nina
6. Temperature - pressure - and composition
Percolation
Speed of light
Rocky planets and moons
Ways magma can form
7. A region of the earth that has uniform standard time - usually referred to as the local time - divided into standard and daylight saving (or summer)
Rocky planets and moons
29.5
Time zone
Sublimation
8. Affected by factors such as weathering and impurities
Scratch test
Mineral color
Eclipses
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
9. The process in which one type of rock changes into another
Metamorphic rocks
The rock cycle
Cumulonibus clouds
Igneous rocks
10. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone
Tides
Percolation
Surface ocean currents
Conglomerates
11. A warm - water current that carries warm water from the Tropics to the Arctic regions of the North Atlantic Ocean - This accounts for higher temperatures and higher humidity on the Eastern Seaboard during the summer
The Gulf - Stream
Weather phenomena on earth
Comet nuclei
El Nino and La Nina
12. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years
Law of original horizontality
10000
Parallax
Mohs' scale of hardness
13. Due to a combination of differential heating and geometry - hen the sun rises - it is the tops of the mountain peaks which receive first light - and as the day progresses - the mountain slopes take on a greater heat load than the valleys - This resul
5.6
Evaporation
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Volcano
14. Smooth layers of low clouds that indicate a chance of drizzle or snow
Sedimentation
Stratus clouds
Long - period comets
Climate
15. A ______________ - such as the Mid - Atlantic Ridge - has examples of volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates pulling apart
Solar wind
Eclipses
Mid - oceanic ridge
Polar air
16. The resulting dust layer would act as a shield - blocking out much of the sun's rays - This would result in lower global temperatures and a general _____ of the earth
cooling
Mountain
Seasons
Spring tide
17. The runoff produced by melting snow
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Galactic center
Snowmelt
Geology
18. The strong temperature contrast between polar and tropical air gives rise to the ________
jet stream
Convergent tectonic plates
The Gulf - Stream
precipitation
19. Tides may be...
Examples to support Continental drift theory
Convergent tectonic plates
Hydrologic concepts
Semidiurnal or diurnal
20. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Longitude
Rock salt
Scratch test
21. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the same area - Atlanta tropical cyclone activity is generally enhanced during La Nina - Often follows the El Nino - especially when the latter is strong
Solar wind
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
La Nina
Distance
22. Forms over water and is associated with wet air
Coral reef
Precipitation
Solar eclipse
Maritime air
23. The rising of the earth's ocean surface caused by the tidal forces of the moon and the sun acting on the oceans
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Tides
Evaporation
Inertia
24. Hotspot volcanoes are also found elsewhere in the Solar System - especially on...
Igneous rocks
River
Rocky planets and moons
Moon
25. Continental tropical (dry - warm air)
Distance
Equinoxes
- cT
Diurnal
26. Huge systems of stars - Milky Way is estimated to have 100 billion stars arranged in a great disk
Clastic
Galaxies
Limestone
Why weather occurs
27. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler
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28. Some groundwater finds openings in the land surface and emerges as...
Intrusive
- mT
Distance
freshwater springs
29. Natural chemical compounds that are the crystals that make up rocks - Each has a specific composition or narrow range of composition
Minerals
50-100
Opposite seasons
Surface temperature
30. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon
46%
Groundwater
Full moon
Density
31. An individual weighing 200 lbs on Earth would weigh more on a _______________ - Weight is a function of gravity
Lithosphere
The equator
5.6
larger planet
32. Occur when two plates slip past each other - Such faults are generally moderate and are relatively shallow Example: The San Andreas Fault
Maritime air
Transform plate movements
Nuclear fusion
Petroleum exploration
33. How much matter is in the object
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Density
Long - period comets
Why weather occurs
34. A continuous drill would find gas - oil - and water in that order - The three substances occur in their order of density - with the lightest substance on top and the heaviest on the bottom
Petroleum exploration
Solar wind
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
jet stream
35. Somewhat cooler disturbances in the photosphere
Density
Sunspots
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
Canopy interception
36. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures
Percolation
Time zone
Intrusive
lower elevation
37. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate
Mid - oceanic ridge
Sedimentation
Metamorphic rocks
Snowmelt
38. (or summer time zones) include an offset (typically +1 hour) for daylight saving time
Continental air
Weathering
Volcano
Daylight saving time zones
39. Method of using the present to interpret the past - Processes occurring today are observed carefully and their effects are measured - Then - geologists assume that similar effects in ancient rocks were caused by processes similar to those of the pres
3/4
Tectonic plates
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
Uniformitarianism
40. Typically the tidal mouths of rivers and are often characterized by _____________ or silt carried in from terrestrial runoff - frequently from offshore
Sedimentation
Chemical weathering
Mountain
Latitude
41. Form when magma or lava cools and solidifies - Depending on the rate of cooling - can contain visible crystals - while others can appear glassy
Canopy interception
Igneous rocks
Percolation
New moon
42. Continental polar (dry - cold air)
lower elevation
Time zone
- cP
Diurnal
43. Comprises one global - interconnected body of salt water often (though generally recognized as several separate oceans) - A continuous body of water with relatively free interchange among its parts
5.6
Examples to support Continental drift theory
World/global ocean
Geology
44. Darkens the moon as the earth passes between it and the sun - casting a shadow on the moon - may be seen from anywhere the moon is visible - about half of the earth
Lunar eclipse
El Nino and La Nina
Volcano
- mT
45. Around a new or full moon - when the sun - moon - and the earth form a line - the tidal forces due to the sun reinforce those of the moon - The tide's range is at a maximum and is called a spring tide (spring as in 'to jump/leap -' not the season)
Galaxies
5.6
Spring tide
Subduction zones
46. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...
Pacific Ring of Fire
Latitude
Sunspots
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
47. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans
freshwater
Full moon
Continental air
Chemical sedimentary rocks
48. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun
Climate
Parallax
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Spring tide
49. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow
Altostratus clouds
Differential heating
Troposhere
The distinction between asteroids and comets
50. Forms south of the Arctic and is cold
Rainfall
Types of clouds
Polar air
Troposhere