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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line
Precipitation
Estuary
Chaotic system
Gravity and inertia
2. Air currents move clouds around the globe and cloud particles collide - grow - and fall out of the sky as ________ - Most of it falls back into the oceans or onto land - where the precipitation flows over the ground as surface runoff - portion of run
clouds
precipitation
Surface temperature differences
Chemical weathering
3. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert
- mP
Minerals
Igneous rocks
Rain shadow
4. A huge ball of incandescent gases - Its mass is more than 300000 times that of the earth - Principal constituents are the lightest elements - hydrogen and helium
Mountain
Differential heating
Sun
Deserts
5. Refers to the long - term weather patterns of a large geographical area and takes into account temperature - humidity - and precipitation
Troposhere
lower
Climate
Smaller regions of the oceans
6. Continental tropical (dry - warm air)
Latitude
Photosphere
Rain shadow
- cT
7. Continental polar (dry - cold air)
Intrusive
Types of clouds
- cP
Comet nuclei
8. A warm - water current that carries warm water from the Tropics to the Arctic regions of the North Atlantic Ocean - This accounts for higher temperatures and higher humidity on the Eastern Seaboard during the summer
Earth
The Gulf - Stream
clouds
Metamorphic rocks
9. Due to a combination of differential heating and geometry - hen the sun rises - it is the tops of the mountain peaks which receive first light - and as the day progresses - the mountain slopes take on a greater heat load than the valleys - This resul
50-100
Continental air
Differential heating
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
10. The result of the buildup of once - living things
Deserts
Erosion and land use
Mid - oceanic ridge
Coral reef
11. Maritime polar (wet - cold air)
Law of superposition
Snow packs
Density
- mP
12. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic
11
Petroleum exploration
Pacific Ring of Fire
Orogenic zones
13. Sun heats water in the oceans - Water evaporates as vapor into the air - Ice and snow can sublimate directly into water vapor...- Over time - the water reenters the ocean - where the water cycle started
Sun's gravity
Coral reef
Latitude
Hydrologic cycle
14. Two feldspars (orthoclase and plagioclase) - quartz - olivine - and augite - These five minerals are silicates - built from interlocking silicon and oxygen atoms
3/4
Evaporation
Canopy interception
The most abundant minerals in the crust
15. The flow of water underground - in the vadose zone and aquifers - Subsurface water may return to the surface (as a spring or by being pumped) or eventually seep into the oceans
Comet nuclei
Subsurface flow
Ice Age
Coral reef
16. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p
Volcano
Mantle
Igneous rocks
Uniformitarianism
17. Younger beds were originally deposited above older beds
Asteroids
Soil
Law of superposition
Rainfall
18. Occurs when the moon sets at sunset - Then the moon is between the earth and the sun - so we see only the dark half of the moon
Cirrus clouds
Rainfall
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
New moon
19. Center: 3000
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20. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration
Transpiration
Crustal rocks
Rocky planets and moons
Law of superposition
21. Forms over water and is associated with wet air
Comet nuclei
Maritime air
Law of original horizontality
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
22. Defined by geometrically subdividing the earth's spheroid into 24 lunes (wedge - shaped sections) - bordered by meridians - each 15
Sublimation
Chemical weathering
Standard time zones
Divergent plate movements
23. The motive force behind land breezes and sea/lake breezes - also known as on - or off - shore winds - Land absorbs and radiates heat faster than water - but water releases heat over a longer period of time
Surface temperature
Continental drift
Differential heating
Chemical sedimentary rocks
24. Huge systems of stars - Milky Way is estimated to have 100 billion stars arranged in a great disk
The big bang theory of cosmology
Mechanical/physical weathering
Runoff
Galaxies
25. The spectra of distant objects display a red shift - which is interpreted as meaning that they are rapidly receding from us - This apparent expansion of the universe has given rise to the big bang theory of cosmology - in which one primeval mass expl
Maritime air
Intrusive
The big bang theory of cosmology
Earth's crust
26. Around a new or full moon - when the sun - moon - and the earth form a line - the tidal forces due to the sun reinforce those of the moon - The tide's range is at a maximum and is called a spring tide (spring as in 'to jump/leap -' not the season)
Spring tide
percolation
clouds
Why weather occurs
27. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate
Metamorphic rocks
Fossils
Equinoxes
Mid - oceanic ridge
28. A land form that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area - with a peak - Usually produced by the movement of lithospheric plates
groundwater discharge
Mountain
Galaxies
Latitude
29. Condensed water vapor that falls to the earth's surface - Most precipitation occurs as rain - but also includes snow - hail - fog drip - graupel - and sleet
Precipitation
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Altostratus clouds
Mid - oceanic ridge
30. Ancient astronomers found that eclipses occurred periodically and learned to predict them accurately - Lunar and solar
Climate
Convergent plate movements
Eclipses
10000
31. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler
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32. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths
Divergent plate movements
Pacific Ring of Fire
Runoff
Intrusive
33. Largest zone of the planet (68%); crystalline silicates - rich in magnesium - calcium - and iron; very hot and mainly solid - but local melting to magma is the source of volcanic eruptions
Uniformitarianism
Mantle
Conglomerates
Maritime air
34. Volcanoes are also found in __________ - where the denser oceanic plates are forced under continental plates; this adds massive volumes of water to the mantle - allowing magma to melt more readily and rise to the surface to form volcanoes
Subduction zones
percolation
World/global ocean
Diurnal
35. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e
The big bang theory of cosmology
Soil
Equinoxes
Chemical sedimentary rocks
36. (or summer time zones) include an offset (typically +1 hour) for daylight saving time
Cirrus clouds
Differential heating
Daylight saving time zones
Andromeda galaxy
37. Can influence climate by sending tremendous volumes of dust - ash - and smoke into the atmosphere
Transform plate movements
Weathering
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
Surface temperature
38. Sometimes called minor planets or planetoids - Bodies
Spring tide
Long linear arcs
Asteroids
snow
39. Travels in an orbit that is slightly elliptical (oval) - and so the distance from the sun ranges from 91.5 to 94.5 million miles - Its daily rotation deforms the earth to a flattened spheroid - with a polar radius slightly less than the equatorial ra
Troposhere
Earth
Continental air
Rock salt
40. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...
Mantle plumes
Opposite seasons
Major oceans
jet stream
41. Darkens the moon as the earth passes between it and the sun - casting a shadow on the moon - may be seen from anywhere the moon is visible - about half of the earth
freshwater
Lunar eclipse
Long - period comets
Sublimation
42. Not all runoff flows into rivers; much of it infiltrates into the ground through...
Styles of rock deformation
Longitude
percolation
Nuclear fusion
43. Water transpired from plants and evaporated from the soil
Weight and mass
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
Evapotranspiration
Mineral color
44. The evaporation of these oceans is how we get most of our __________ - and their temperature determines our climate and wind patterns
Neap tide/neaps
Tropical air
Rainfall
Mantle
45. 4 terrestrials: Mercury - Venus - Mars - Earth 4 gas giants: Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune At least 5 dwarf planets: Ceres - Pluto - Makemake - Haumea - Eris
Andromeda galaxy
Surface ocean temperature
Law of original horizontality
Solar System
46. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years
Solar radiation
Groundwater
Galaxies
Types of clouds
47. The process of chemical or physical breakdown of earth rocks - soils - and their minerals
Convergent tectonic plates
Igneous rocks
Weathering
Evaporation
48. Some water infiltrates deep into the ground and replenishes ________ - which store huge amounts of freshwater for long periods of time
aquifers
Estuary
Comet
Law of superposition
49. Volcanoes are generally found where ________ are diverging or converging
Polar air
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Tectonic plates
Planets
50. Formed from calcium carbonate - also an example of chemical sedimentary rocks - like roock salt - can contain organic or once - living matter and can record the history of that matter's formation in features such as strata - fossil evidence - and rip
Weathering
Cleavage
Limestone
Canopy interception