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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)
Sublimation
Rainfall
Seasons
Clastic
2. Some precipitation falls as ____ and can accumulate as ice caps and glaciers - which can store water for thousands of years
lower
Mountain
snow
Solar radiation
3. - The materials left over after the rock breaks down combine with organic material - The mineral content is determined by the parent material; thus - a soil derived from a single rock type can often be deficient in one or more minerals for good ferti
Diurnal
El Nino and La Nina
Smaller regions of the oceans
Soil
4. The spectra of distant objects display a red shift - which is interpreted as meaning that they are rapidly receding from us - This apparent expansion of the universe has given rise to the big bang theory of cosmology - in which one primeval mass expl
clouds
Coral reef
Sun's gravity
The big bang theory of cosmology
5. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000
Condensation
Sun's gravity
Altostratus clouds
Photosphere
6. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)
Asteroids
Troposhere
Surface temperature differences
Continental air
7. The science of the atmosphere and weather
Daylight saving time zones
Continental air
Meteorology
Chemical sedimentary rocks
8. Two feldspars (orthoclase and plagioclase) - quartz - olivine - and augite - These five minerals are silicates - built from interlocking silicon and oxygen atoms
precipitation
Sublimation
The most abundant minerals in the crust
46%
9. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth
Canopy interception
Neap tide/neaps
Equinoxes
Moon
10. Water transpired from plants and evaporated from the soil
Axis tilt
Evapotranspiration
Lithosphere
3/4
11. On maps - the characteristics of an air mass are represented by two letters: The lowercase letter represents ________ - and the uppercase letter represents temperature
moisture
The distinction between asteroids and comets
46%
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
12. Maritime polar (wet - cold air)
The distinction between asteroids and comets
moisture
- mP
46%
13. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line
Air mass
Semidiurnal
The geological time scale
Gravity and inertia
14. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through direct contact with atmospheric conditions such as heat - water - ice - and pressure
Parallax
Snow packs
Mechanical/physical weathering
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
15. Formed by sodium chloride
Nuclear fusion
Comet
Igneous rocks
Rock salt
16. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration
5.6
Altostratus clouds
Transpiration
Scratch test
17. Takes place when the moon passes between the earth and the sun - with the moon blocking the sunlight for about two minutes - A total ___________ may be seen only from a small zone on the earth
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Solar eclipse
Crustal rocks
Cirrus clouds
18. The resulting dust layer would act as a shield - blocking out much of the sun's rays - This would result in lower global temperatures and a general _____ of the earth
Comet nuclei
percolation
Crust
cooling
19. 4 terrestrials: Mercury - Venus - Mars - Earth 4 gas giants: Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune At least 5 dwarf planets: Ceres - Pluto - Makemake - Haumea - Eris
Meteorology
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Solar System
Smaller regions of the oceans
20. The difference between levels of ocean water at high and low tides
Tidal range
Diurnal
The rock cycle
Spring tide
21. Forms south of the Arctic and is cold
Polar air
Rocky planets and moons
Petroleum exploration
Law of original horizontality
22. Affected by factors such as weathering and impurities
Mineral color
Metamorphic rocks
Semidiurnal
Sunspots
23. Can thaw and melt - and the ensuing water flows overland as snowmelt
Eclipses
Solar eclipse
Snow packs
Sunspots
24. The movement (carrying away or displacement) of solids (sediment - soil - rock - and other particles) - usually by the agents of currents such as wind - water - or ice by downward or down - slope movement in response to gravity
Erosion
Solar System
- cT
groundwater discharge
25. The flow of water underground - in the vadose zone and aquifers - Subsurface water may return to the surface (as a spring or by being pumped) or eventually seep into the oceans
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Orogenic zones
Subsurface flow
Small islands
26. The evaporation of these oceans is how we get most of our __________ - and their temperature determines our climate and wind patterns
Air mass
Surface ocean temperature
Rainfall
Solar eclipse
27. Bodies similar to the sun but immensely distant - Closest stars are 4 light - years away
Stars
Full moon
Stratus clouds
Meteorology
28. Some water infiltrates deep into the ground and replenishes ________ - which store huge amounts of freshwater for long periods of time
larger planet
Pacific Ring of Fire
aquifers
Erosion
29. Not all runoff flows into rivers; much of it infiltrates into the ground through...
percolation
Soil
Weight and mass
Condensation
30. The movement of rainwater as it filters through soil and rocks into the ground - becoming groundwater
Percolation
Time zone
Rocky planets and moons
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
31. The North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean - and thus its temperature extremes are buffered by the water - The result is that the South Pole is consistently _______ during the southern winter than the North Pole during the northern winter
Igneous rocks
Photosphere
- mP
Colder
32. Cause pressure differences - A hot surface heats the air above it and the air expands - lowering the air pressure and its density
29.5
Latitude
Climate
Surface temperature differences
33. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Nuclear fusion
Hydrologic concepts
Evaporation
34. The best determiner of climate - as it is consistently and directly correlated with temperature - other factors: Rain shadows - as well as water currents - elevation and so forth
Estuary
Runoff
Law of original horizontality
Latitude
35. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...
Law of original horizontality
Weather phenomena on earth
Tropical air
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
36. A semi - closed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it - and with a free connection to the open sea - Often associated with high levels of biological diversity - They are made up of brackish water - Often given names
Rainfall
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Estuary
Divergent plate movements
37. The result of the buildup of once - living things
Surface temperature differences
Types of clouds
Coral reef
Long - period comets
38. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon
46%
Crustal rocks
moisture
Tidal range
39. The atmosphere is a __________ - and so small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole - This makes it difficult to accurately predict weather more than a few days in advance
Continental air
Chaotic system
- mP
aquifers
40. Darkens the moon as the earth passes between it and the sun - casting a shadow on the moon - may be seen from anywhere the moon is visible - about half of the earth
Lunar eclipse
Snowmelt
Crustal rocks
Solar radiation
41. Travels in an orbit that is slightly elliptical (oval) - and so the distance from the sun ranges from 91.5 to 94.5 million miles - Its daily rotation deforms the earth to a flattened spheroid - with a polar radius slightly less than the equatorial ra
Evaporation
Earth
Valley breeze
Cleavage
42. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures
Moon
lower elevation
Ways magma can form
snow
43. Comprised of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle - broken up into tectonic plates (7 major and many minor) - ride on the asthenosphere
- cP
15
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Lithosphere
44. A continuous drill would find gas - oil - and water in that order - The three substances occur in their order of density - with the lightest substance on top and the heaviest on the bottom
Petroleum exploration
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Styles of rock deformation
Equinoxes
45. A major determiner of coastal climate
Surface ocean temperature
Snowmelt
Continental air
clouds
46. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an
Sedimentary rocks
New moon
Erosion
Galaxies
47. Precipitation - Canopy interception - Snowmelt - Runoff - Percolation - Subsurface flow- Evaporation - Sublimation - Condensation
Types of galaxies
29.5
Mantle
Hydrologic concepts
48. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths
El Nino
Neap tide/neaps
5.6
Intrusive
49. The degrees north or south of the equator
snow
Percolation
Latitude
Lithosphere
50. Some isolated mountains were produced by volcanoes - including many apparently ________ that reach a great height above the ocean floor
freshwater
moisture
Small islands
Long linear arcs