Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000






2. The strength of gravity in our solar system depends on both the masses of the celestial objects and the _______ between them






3. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals (also known as biological weathering)






4. 4 terrestrials: Mercury - Venus - Mars - Earth 4 gas giants: Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune At least 5 dwarf planets: Ceres - Pluto - Makemake - Haumea - Eris






5. The layers of sediment deposited in a quiet environment - Common sites of deposition are lakes - deltas at the mouths of rivers - beaches and sandbars along the coast - and (most important) the marine environment






6. Giant masses of solid rock that float upon the earth's mantle - These plates move in relation to one another at one of three types of plate boundaries...






7. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an






8. Igneous rock that forms on the earth's surface - Examples obsidian - basalt - and pumice






9. A huge ball of incandescent gases - Its mass is more than 300000 times that of the earth - Principal constituents are the lightest elements - hydrogen and helium






10. Forms south of the Arctic and is cold






11. Paleontology: Fossil evidence indicates the similarity of fossils on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean - Continental 'jigsaw puzzle': The outlines of the continents seem to fit together






12. Natural chemical compounds that are the crystals that make up rocks - Each has a specific composition or narrow range of composition






13. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed






14. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...






15. Air currents move clouds around the globe and cloud particles collide - grow - and fall out of the sky as ________ - Most of it falls back into the oceans or onto land - where the precipitation flows over the ground as surface runoff - portion of run






16. Large - dark clouds that indicate thunderstorms






17. One tidal cycle per day






18. A continuous drill would find gas - oil - and water in that order - The three substances occur in their order of density - with the lightest substance on top and the heaviest on the bottom






19. Characterized by similar temperatures and moisture levels






20. Faulting and folding






21. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic






22. Continental polar (dry - cold air)






23. (in descending order of size) the Pacific Ocean - the Atlantic Ocean - the Indian Ocean - the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean






24. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________






25. Theory that the earth's continents were originally united as a supercontinent - Pangaea - Established by Alfred Wegener in the early 1900s






26. The motive force behind land breezes and sea/lake breezes - also known as on - or off - shore winds - Land absorbs and radiates heat faster than water - but water releases heat over a longer period of time






27. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans






28. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune






29. Water transpired from plants and evaporated from the soil






30. Younger beds were originally deposited above older beds






31. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow






32. Takes approx. seven and a half earth months to revolve around the sun - Takes approx. eight earth months to rotate on its axis - a day on ________ is longer than a year






33. The difference between levels of ocean water at high and low tides






34. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p






35. Scientists theorize that massive volcanic eruptions on a global scale contributed to the earth's cooling - resulting in the onset of the...






36. The movement of rainwater as it filters through soil and rocks into the ground - becoming groundwater






37. Seas - gulfs - bays - and other names






38. Forms over water and is associated with wet air






39. Forms over the Tropics and is warm






40. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy






41. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...






42. Formed by sodium chloride






43. Large - scale movements of the earth's lithosphere - - The theory encompasses the older concepts of continental drift (first half of 20th century) and seafloor spreading (1960s)






44. Condensed water vapor that falls to the earth's surface - Most precipitation occurs as rain - but also includes snow - hail - fog drip - graupel - and sleet






45. Stars with the highest ___________ appear blue - while stars with the lowest surface temperature appear red






46. Some water infiltrates deep into the ground and replenishes ________ - which store huge amounts of freshwater for long periods of time






47. 1 hour of time






48. Center: 3000

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49. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the






50. Maritime polar (wet - cold air)