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CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Occur when two plates pull away from each other - Such faults are generally weak and shallow Example: the Mid - Atlantic Range in the Atlantic Ocean






2. Further caused by the elliptical orbit of the earth - Earth reaches perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the sun) in January - and it reaches aphelion (farthest point from the sun) in July - Also depend on factors such as proximity to oceans






3. Different visual appearance; when discovered - comets show a perceptible coma while asteroids do not






4. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted






5. Faulting and folding






6. Around a new or full moon - when the sun - moon - and the earth form a line - the tidal forces due to the sun reinforce those of the moon - The tide's range is at a maximum and is called a spring tide (spring as in 'to jump/leap -' not the season)






7. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...

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8. Sun heats water in the oceans - Water evaporates as vapor into the air - Ice and snow can sublimate directly into water vapor...- Over time - the water reenters the ocean - where the water cycle started






9. Younger beds were originally deposited above older beds






10. Takes place when the moon passes between the earth and the sun - with the moon blocking the sunlight for about two minutes - A total ___________ may be seen only from a small zone on the earth






11. Earth movements - The result of forces within the earth - where temperature and pressure differences lead to instability






12. Some infiltration stays close to the land surface and can seep back into surface - water bodies (and the ocean) as...






13. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)






14. A natural flow of water - usually freshwater - traveling toward an ocean - a lake - or another stream






15. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths






16. Large - dark clouds that indicate thunderstorms






17. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000






18. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an






19. Spiral - elliptical - and irregular form are speckled throughout the visible universe - Largest telescope has detected galaxies to its limit of several billion light - years






20. Oceans cover __ of the earth's surface






21. This upslope wind is called a...






22. Somewhat cooler disturbances in the photosphere






23. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5






24. Erosion in many places is increased by human land use - Poor land - use practices include deforestation - overgrazing - unmanaged construction activity - and road building






25. The result of the buildup of once - living things






26. Most sediments were deposited in beds that were originally horizontal - and any tilting is due to later earth movements






27. The outermost part of the earth's interior is made up of two layers...






28. Seasons are marked by changes in the amount of sunlight - which in turn often cause cycles of dormancy in plants and hibernation in animals - These effects vary with latitude and with proximity to bodies of water






29. The tendency of a moving object to stay in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place - Without _______ - a planet would be pulled into the sun






30. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun






31. The precipitation that is intercepted by plant foliage and eventually evaporates back to the atmosphere rather than falling to the ground






32. Can influence climate by sending tremendous volumes of dust - ash - and smoke into the atmosphere






33. Ancient astronomers found that eclipses occurred periodically and learned to predict them accurately - Lunar and solar






34. On maps - the characteristics of an air mass are represented by two letters: The lowercase letter represents ________ - and the uppercase letter represents temperature






35. There are approx. _____ days between each lunar cycle






36. Two types of mountains are formed - depending on how the rock reacts to the tectonic forces






37. Maritime polar (wet - cold air)






38. Comprised of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle - broken up into tectonic plates (7 major and many minor) - ride on the asthenosphere






39. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert






40. Takes approx. seven and a half earth months to revolve around the sun - Takes approx. eight earth months to rotate on its axis - a day on ________ is longer than a year






41. Temperature - pressure - and composition






42. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms






43. Occurs at the instant when the sun's position in the sky is at its greatest angular distance on the other side of the equatorial plane from the observer's hemisphere - Depending on the shift of the calendar - the winter solstice occurs some time betw






44. The degrees north or south of the equator






45. After the moon has waxed through crescent - quarter - and gibbous phases - a ________ appears - At that time - the moon rises at sunset - and we see all of its illuminated side - Then the phase wanes gradually to another new moon






46. The motive force behind land breezes and sea/lake breezes - also known as on - or off - shore winds - Land absorbs and radiates heat faster than water - but water releases heat over a longer period of time






47. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics






48. (or summer time zones) include an offset (typically +1 hour) for daylight saving time






49. Take up about 1/3 of the earth's land surface - many are formed by rain shadows - Usually have a large diurnal (day) and seasonal temperature range - with high daytime temperatures






50. A huge ball of incandescent gases - Its mass is more than 300000 times that of the earth - Principal constituents are the lightest elements - hydrogen and helium







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