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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures
Continental air
lower elevation
Moon
Continental drift
2. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow
Differential heating
- mP
29.5
Altostratus clouds
3. The best determiner of climate - as it is consistently and directly correlated with temperature - other factors: Rain shadows - as well as water currents - elevation and so forth
Latitude
Weight and mass
Deserts
Comet
4. Huge systems of stars - Milky Way is estimated to have 100 billion stars arranged in a great disk
Galaxies
- mP
Weather phenomena on earth
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
5. Younger beds were originally deposited above older beds
Plate tectonics
15
Law of superposition
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
6. A warm - water current that carries warm water from the Tropics to the Arctic regions of the North Atlantic Ocean - This accounts for higher temperatures and higher humidity on the Eastern Seaboard during the summer
The Gulf - Stream
Sedimentation
Why weather occurs
Short - period comets
7. The major mountains tend to occur in __________ - indicating tectonic plate boundaries and activity
Planets
Solar radiation
Rocky planets and moons
Long linear arcs
8. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted
Runoff
Andromeda galaxy
Axis tilt
Evaporation
9. - The materials left over after the rock breaks down combine with organic material - The mineral content is determined by the parent material; thus - a soil derived from a single rock type can often be deficient in one or more minerals for good ferti
Chemical weathering
Soil
Standard time zones
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
10. Defined by geometrically subdividing the earth's spheroid into 24 lunes (wedge - shaped sections) - bordered by meridians - each 15
Longitude
Climate
Semidiurnal
Standard time zones
11. Faulting and folding
46%
larger planet
Sublimation
Styles of rock deformation
12. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune
Distance
Short - period comets
Mohs' scale of hardness
11
13. The tendency of a moving object to stay in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place - Without _______ - a planet would be pulled into the sun
- cT
Inertia
Geology
Stratus clouds
14. The earth is believed to be about ___ billion years old
5.6
Mid - oceanic ridge
Transpiration
Estuary
15. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line
Sublimation
- mP
Gravity and inertia
15
16. Air currents move clouds around the globe and cloud particles collide - grow - and fall out of the sky as ________ - Most of it falls back into the oceans or onto land - where the precipitation flows over the ground as surface runoff - portion of run
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
precipitation
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
- mP
17. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone
Surface ocean temperature
Latitude
Conglomerates
Maritime air
18. Pulls the planets toward the sun - while their inertia keeps them moving forward in an elliptical orbit around the sun
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19. A huge ball of incandescent gases - Its mass is more than 300000 times that of the earth - Principal constituents are the lightest elements - hydrogen and helium
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Continental drift
Clastic
Sun
20. Can influence climate by sending tremendous volumes of dust - ash - and smoke into the atmosphere
The big bang theory of cosmology
Sun
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
21. Further caused by the elliptical orbit of the earth - Earth reaches perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the sun) in January - and it reaches aphelion (farthest point from the sun) in July - Also depend on factors such as proximity to oceans
Subduction zones
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Climate
Types of galaxies
22. Darkens the moon as the earth passes between it and the sun - casting a shadow on the moon - may be seen from anywhere the moon is visible - about half of the earth
Lunar eclipse
groundwater discharge
Crustal rocks
Law of original horizontality
23. Occur when two plates push together - Such faults are strong and relatively deep - Where the strongest earthquakes occur Example: mountain building in the Himalayas and the Andes
World/global ocean
- mP
Strata
Convergent plate movements
24. Gas giants Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus and Neptune have diameters far larger than Earth's and have far greater masses
Geology
Strata
Weight and mass
precipitation
25. Temperature - pressure - and composition
Intrusive
Ways magma can form
Evapotranspiration
Speed of light
26. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms
Mechanical/physical weathering
Earth
River
Weather phenomena on earth
27. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal
Soil
Semidiurnal
El Nino
Crust
28. The flow of water underground - in the vadose zone and aquifers - Subsurface water may return to the surface (as a spring or by being pumped) or eventually seep into the oceans
Subsurface flow
Weight and mass
Small islands
Rain shadow
29. How much matter is in the object
Density
Divergent plate movements
Sublimation
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
30. (in descending order of size) the Pacific Ocean - the Atlantic Ocean - the Indian Ocean - the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Weathering
Smaller regions of the oceans
Major oceans
31. The process of chemical or physical breakdown of earth rocks - soils - and their minerals
Weathering
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
El Nino and La Nina
Inertia
32. Some water infiltrates deep into the ground and replenishes ________ - which store huge amounts of freshwater for long periods of time
aquifers
Clastic
Galactic center
Smaller regions of the oceans
33. The North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean - and thus its temperature extremes are buffered by the water - The result is that the South Pole is consistently _______ during the southern winter than the North Pole during the northern winter
Continental air
Colder
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Snowmelt
34. Center: 3000
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35. Some isolated mountains were produced by volcanoes - including many apparently ________ that reach a great height above the ocean floor
Erosion
Small islands
Orogenic zones
freshwater springs
36. Volcanoes are also found in __________ - where the denser oceanic plates are forced under continental plates; this adds massive volumes of water to the mantle - allowing magma to melt more readily and rise to the surface to form volcanoes
New moon
Spring tide
Subduction zones
Solar System
37. Continental polar (dry - cold air)
Sedimentary rocks
Gravity and inertia
Clastic
- cP
38. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...
Estuary
Opposite seasons
Chemical weathering
Convergent tectonic plates
39. Two feldspars (orthoclase and plagioclase) - quartz - olivine - and augite - These five minerals are silicates - built from interlocking silicon and oxygen atoms
10000
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Differential heating
lower elevation
40. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun
Uniformitarianism
Opposite seasons
Parallax
Convergent plate movements
41. Refers to the long - term weather patterns of a large geographical area and takes into account temperature - humidity - and precipitation
Climate
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
lower elevation
Earth's crust
42. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e
Soil
Smaller regions of the oceans
Air mass
Equinoxes
43. Volcanoes are generally found where ________ are diverging or converging
Troposhere
Tectonic plates
Stratus clouds
Precipitation
44. The movement of rainwater as it filters through soil and rocks into the ground - becoming groundwater
Percolation
Planets
Hydrologic cycle
Geology
45. Around a new or full moon - when the sun - moon - and the earth form a line - the tidal forces due to the sun reinforce those of the moon - The tide's range is at a maximum and is called a spring tide (spring as in 'to jump/leap -' not the season)
Tectonic plates
Spring tide
Major oceans
Minerals
46. Comprises one global - interconnected body of salt water often (though generally recognized as several separate oceans) - A continuous body of water with relatively free interchange among its parts
Eclipses
50-100
World/global ocean
moisture
47. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans
Precipitation
15
Chemical sedimentary rocks
The earth's structure
48. The strength of gravity in our solar system depends on both the masses of the celestial objects and the _______ between them
Tectonic plates
Venus
Distance
Maritime air
49. After the moon has waxed through crescent - quarter - and gibbous phases - a ________ appears - At that time - the moon rises at sunset - and we see all of its illuminated side - Then the phase wanes gradually to another new moon
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Mantle plumes
Moon
Full moon
50. Precipitation - Canopy interception - Snowmelt - Runoff - Percolation - Subsurface flow- Evaporation - Sublimation - Condensation
Hydrologic concepts
Evapotranspiration
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Sublimation