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CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Defined by geometrically subdividing the earth's spheroid into 24 lunes (wedge - shaped sections) - bordered by meridians - each 15






2. Occurs at the instant when the sun's position in the sky is at its greatest angular distance on the other side of the equatorial plane from the observer's hemisphere - Depending on the shift of the calendar - the winter solstice occurs some time betw






3. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5






4. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away






5. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th






6. A ______________ - such as the Mid - Atlantic Ridge - has examples of volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates pulling apart






7. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an






8. Takes place when the moon passes between the earth and the sun - with the moon blocking the sunlight for about two minutes - A total ___________ may be seen only from a small zone on the earth






9. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)






10. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the same area - Atlanta tropical cyclone activity is generally enhanced during La Nina - Often follows the El Nino - especially when the latter is strong






11. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures






12. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy






13. The movement of rainwater as it filters through soil and rocks into the ground - becoming groundwater






14. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune






15. Precipitation - Canopy interception - Snowmelt - Runoff - Percolation - Subsurface flow- Evaporation - Sublimation - Condensation






16. Continental tropical (dry - warm air)






17. Water transpired from plants and evaporated from the soil






18. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog






19. Texture is important in classifying ______ sedimentary rocks






20. Forms over water and is associated with wet air






21. After the moon has waxed through crescent - quarter - and gibbous phases - a ________ appears - At that time - the moon rises at sunset - and we see all of its illuminated side - Then the phase wanes gradually to another new moon






22. Temperature - pressure - and composition






23. Travels in an orbit that is slightly elliptical (oval) - and so the distance from the sun ranges from 91.5 to 94.5 million miles - Its daily rotation deforms the earth to a flattened spheroid - with a polar radius slightly less than the equatorial ra






24. One tidal cycle per day






25. Due to a combination of differential heating and geometry - hen the sun rises - it is the tops of the mountain peaks which receive first light - and as the day progresses - the mountain slopes take on a greater heat load than the valleys - This resul






26. The evaporation of these oceans is how we get most of our __________ - and their temperature determines our climate and wind patterns






27. Loose collections of ice - dust - and small rocky particles - measuring a few kilometers or tens of kilometers across






28. Giant masses of solid rock that float upon the earth's mantle - These plates move in relation to one another at one of three types of plate boundaries...






29. There are approx. _____ days between each lunar cycle






30. The rising of the earth's ocean surface caused by the tidal forces of the moon and the sun acting on the oceans






31. Typically the tidal mouths of rivers and are often characterized by _____________ or silt carried in from terrestrial runoff - frequently from offshore






32. Some precipitation falls as ____ and can accumulate as ice caps and glaciers - which can store water for thousands of years






33. Some isolated mountains were produced by volcanoes - including many apparently ________ that reach a great height above the ocean floor






34. Refers to the long - term weather patterns of a large geographical area and takes into account temperature - humidity - and precipitation






35. A natural flow of water - usually freshwater - traveling toward an ocean - a lake - or another stream






36. This scale assigns a fixed number to 10 reference materials. Talc (1) is the softest and diamond (10) is the hardest

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37. Continental polar (dry - cold air)






38. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed






39. Different visual appearance; when discovered - comets show a perceptible coma while asteroids do not






40. Zero degrees latitude - generally has a tropical climate (warm and wet); at the extreme northern and southern latitudes (polar regions) - the climate is very cold and dry






41. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods






42. Rising air currents take the vapor up into the atmopshere where cooler temperatures cause it to condense into ____






43. Condensed water vapor that falls to the earth's surface - Most precipitation occurs as rain - but also includes snow - hail - fog drip - graupel - and sleet






44. (in descending order of size) the Pacific Ocean - the Atlantic Ocean - the Indian Ocean - the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean






45. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England






46. Volcanoes are generally found where ________ are diverging or converging






47. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e






48. The outermost part of the earth's interior is made up of two layers...






49. The runoff produced by melting snow






50. The transformation of water from liquid to gas phases as it moves from the ground or bodies of water into the overlying atmosphere







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