Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Large - dark clouds that indicate thunderstorms






2. The evaporation of these oceans is how we get most of our __________ - and their temperature determines our climate and wind patterns






3. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans






4. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy






5. The process in which one type of rock changes into another






6. The process of chemical or physical breakdown of earth rocks - soils - and their minerals






7. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog






8. Believed to originate at a much greater distance from the Sun - in a cloud (the Oort cloud) consisting of debris left over from the condensation of solar nebula - Comets are thrown from the outer planets or nearby stars - or as a result of collisions






9. Further caused by the elliptical orbit of the earth - Earth reaches perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the sun) in January - and it reaches aphelion (farthest point from the sun) in July - Also depend on factors such as proximity to oceans






10. Center: 3000

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11. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th






12. Formed from calcium carbonate - also an example of chemical sedimentary rocks - like roock salt - can contain organic or once - living matter and can record the history of that matter's formation in features such as strata - fossil evidence - and rip






13. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England






14. When the moon is at first quarter or third quarter - the sun - earth and moon form a 90- degree (right) angle with the earth at the vertex - The combined effect of this alignment of the sun - earth - and moon results in tidal ranges on the earth - Wh






15. Some water infiltrates deep into the ground and replenishes ________ - which store huge amounts of freshwater for long periods of time






16. The farther from the tropics you are positioned - the ________ the angle of the sun - This causes those locations to be cooler due to the indirect sunlight






17. Largest zone of the planet (68%); crystalline silicates - rich in magnesium - calcium - and iron; very hot and mainly solid - but local melting to magma is the source of volcanic eruptions






18. 186000 miles/second






19. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal






20. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...

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21. How much matter is in the object






22. The North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean - and thus its temperature extremes are buffered by the water - The result is that the South Pole is consistently _______ during the southern winter than the North Pole during the northern winter






23. The resulting dust layer would act as a shield - blocking out much of the sun's rays - This would result in lower global temperatures and a general _____ of the earth






24. Two types of mountains are formed - depending on how the rock reacts to the tectonic forces






25. 1 hour of time






26. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line






27. Most sediments were deposited in beds that were originally horizontal - and any tilting is due to later earth movements






28. The best determiner of climate - as it is consistently and directly correlated with temperature - other factors: Rain shadows - as well as water currents - elevation and so forth






29. The result of the buildup of once - living things






30. Refers to the long - term weather patterns of a large geographical area and takes into account temperature - humidity - and precipitation






31. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow






32. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths






33. The spectra of distant objects display a red shift - which is interpreted as meaning that they are rapidly receding from us - This apparent expansion of the universe has given rise to the big bang theory of cosmology - in which one primeval mass expl






34. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)






35. Oceans cover __ of the earth's surface






36. Zero degrees latitude - generally has a tropical climate (warm and wet); at the extreme northern and southern latitudes (polar regions) - the climate is very cold and dry






37. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes






38. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler

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39. The layers of sediment deposited in a quiet environment - Common sites of deposition are lakes - deltas at the mouths of rivers - beaches and sandbars along the coast - and (most important) the marine environment






40. The major mountains tend to occur in __________ - indicating tectonic plate boundaries and activity






41. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through direct contact with atmospheric conditions such as heat - water - ice - and pressure






42. Giant masses of solid rock that float upon the earth's mantle - These plates move in relation to one another at one of three types of plate boundaries...






43. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures






44. Occur when two plates pull away from each other - Such faults are generally weak and shallow Example: the Mid - Atlantic Range in the Atlantic Ocean






45. The strong temperature contrast between polar and tropical air gives rise to the ________






46. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift






47. Typically the tidal mouths of rivers and are often characterized by _____________ or silt carried in from terrestrial runoff - frequently from offshore






48. Due to a combination of differential heating and geometry - hen the sun rises - it is the tops of the mountain peaks which receive first light - and as the day progresses - the mountain slopes take on a greater heat load than the valleys - This resul






49. Igneous rock that forms on the earth's surface - Examples obsidian - basalt - and pumice






50. A continuous drill would find gas - oil - and water in that order - The three substances occur in their order of density - with the lightest substance on top and the heaviest on the bottom