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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Around a new or full moon - when the sun - moon - and the earth form a line - the tidal forces due to the sun reinforce those of the moon - The tide's range is at a maximum and is called a spring tide (spring as in 'to jump/leap -' not the season)
Eclipses
Spring tide
Colder
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
2. Darkens the moon as the earth passes between it and the sun - casting a shadow on the moon - may be seen from anywhere the moon is visible - about half of the earth
larger planet
Lunar eclipse
El Nino and La Nina
Why weather occurs
3. Occur along plate boundaries
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
Neap tide/neaps
Stars
Meteorology
4. Air currents move clouds around the globe and cloud particles collide - grow - and fall out of the sky as ________ - Most of it falls back into the oceans or onto land - where the precipitation flows over the ground as surface runoff - portion of run
precipitation
Clastic
Geology
Crustal rocks
5. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...
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6. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal
Semidiurnal
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
cooling
7. Faulting and folding
moisture
Ice Age
Styles of rock deformation
jet stream
8. Giant masses of solid rock that float upon the earth's mantle - These plates move in relation to one another at one of three types of plate boundaries...
The rock cycle
Mantle plumes
Time zone
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
9. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog
Earth
Condensation
Time zone
lower
10. Stars with the highest ___________ appear blue - while stars with the lowest surface temperature appear red
Latitude
Surface temperature
Small islands
Percolation
11. The movement of rainwater as it filters through soil and rocks into the ground - becoming groundwater
Evaporation
Percolation
El Nino and La Nina
Photosphere
12. Take up about 1/3 of the earth's land surface - many are formed by rain shadows - Usually have a large diurnal (day) and seasonal temperature range - with high daytime temperatures
Deserts
Plate tectonics
Comet nuclei
lower
13. A land form that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area - with a peak - Usually produced by the movement of lithospheric plates
Solar wind
Valley breeze
Mountain
Chemical weathering
14. Ancient astronomers found that eclipses occurred periodically and learned to predict them accurately - Lunar and solar
Eclipses
freshwater springs
Galactic center
lower
15. Comprised of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle - broken up into tectonic plates (7 major and many minor) - ride on the asthenosphere
Types of clouds
Sun
Petroleum exploration
Lithosphere
16. This scale assigns a fixed number to 10 reference materials. Talc (1) is the softest and diamond (10) is the hardest
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17. Featherlike clouds that indicate fair weather
moisture
Solar System
Runoff
Cirrus clouds
18. 4 terrestrials: Mercury - Venus - Mars - Earth 4 gas giants: Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune At least 5 dwarf planets: Ceres - Pluto - Makemake - Haumea - Eris
Erosion
Maritime air
Solar System
Meteorology
19. There are approx. _____ days between each lunar cycle
29.5
Evapotranspiration
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Clastic
20. Cause pressure differences - A hot surface heats the air above it and the air expands - lowering the air pressure and its density
Surface temperature differences
Tidal range
Groundwater
larger planet
21. The rising of the earth's ocean surface caused by the tidal forces of the moon and the sun acting on the oceans
aquifers
Earth
Tides
precipitation
22. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000
Photosphere
clouds
Plate tectonics
Eclipses
23. Precipitation - Canopy interception - Snowmelt - Runoff - Percolation - Subsurface flow- Evaporation - Sublimation - Condensation
Hydrologic concepts
Mantle
Galactic center
Differential heating
24. Two feldspars (orthoclase and plagioclase) - quartz - olivine - and augite - These five minerals are silicates - built from interlocking silicon and oxygen atoms
Clastic
Intrusive
Types of clouds
The most abundant minerals in the crust
25. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler
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26. Affected by factors such as weathering and impurities
Venus
Mineral color
Diurnal
lower
27. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5
- mP
Semidiurnal or diurnal
El Nino and La Nina
Tectonic plates
28. After the moon has waxed through crescent - quarter - and gibbous phases - a ________ appears - At that time - the moon rises at sunset - and we see all of its illuminated side - Then the phase wanes gradually to another new moon
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
Intrusive
Full moon
Longitude
29. Forms over land and is associated with dry air
Continental air
Continental drift
Axis tilt
Smaller regions of the oceans
30. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration
3/4
Transpiration
lower elevation
Cleavage
31. Two types of mountains are formed - depending on how the rock reacts to the tectonic forces
Galactic center
Solar System
Block mountains or fold mountains
Transpiration
32. Occur when two plates push together - Such faults are strong and relatively deep - Where the strongest earthquakes occur Example: mountain building in the Himalayas and the Andes
Igneous rocks
Convergent plate movements
3/4
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
33. Sun heats water in the oceans - Water evaporates as vapor into the air - Ice and snow can sublimate directly into water vapor...- Over time - the water reenters the ocean - where the water cycle started
La Nina
Lunar eclipse
Hydrologic cycle
Time zone
34. A major determiner of coastal climate
Maritime air
Surface ocean temperature
Standard time zones
Orogenic zones
35. The fossiliferous strata record is only the last __% of the earth's history
11
Soil
46%
Sun
36. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow
Polar air
moisture
Stratus clouds
Altostratus clouds
37. The spectra of distant objects display a red shift - which is interpreted as meaning that they are rapidly receding from us - This apparent expansion of the universe has given rise to the big bang theory of cosmology - in which one primeval mass expl
Axis tilt
Moon
The big bang theory of cosmology
Chaotic system
38. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun
Parallax
Tropical air
Latitude
Crust
39. Somewhat cooler disturbances in the photosphere
Stratus clouds
Smaller regions of the oceans
Sunspots
Diurnal
40. Occurs when the moon sets at sunset - Then the moon is between the earth and the sun - so we see only the dark half of the moon
Fossils
New moon
El Nino and La Nina
Sunspots
41. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________
Seasons
Galactic center
Distance
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
42. Can thaw and melt - and the ensuing water flows overland as snowmelt
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
Crust
Snow packs
Andromeda galaxy
43. How much matter is in the object
Density
Lunar eclipse
Estuary
Small islands
44. Traces of ancient life preserved in the strata as shells - footprints - and the like - Soft plant and animal tissues decompose quickly in the presence of decay bacteria - which exist wherever oxygen exists
Daylight saving time zones
larger planet
Cumulonibus clouds
Fossils
45. Classified as warm - water or cold - water currents
Surface ocean currents
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
Extrusive
Minerals
46. Some isolated mountains were produced by volcanoes - including many apparently ________ that reach a great height above the ocean floor
Small islands
Lithosphere
Andromeda galaxy
Stratus clouds
47. Some infiltration stays close to the land surface and can seep back into surface - water bodies (and the ocean) as...
Scratch test
snow
World/global ocean
groundwater discharge
48. Rising air currents take the vapor up into the atmopshere where cooler temperatures cause it to condense into ____
46%
Divergent plate movements
clouds
The most abundant minerals in the crust
49. A warm - water current that carries warm water from the Tropics to the Arctic regions of the North Atlantic Ocean - This accounts for higher temperatures and higher humidity on the Eastern Seaboard during the summer
El Nino
precipitation
Minerals
The Gulf - Stream
50. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...
The equator
Tectonic plates
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Earth