Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Pulls the planets toward the sun - while their inertia keeps them moving forward in an elliptical orbit around the sun

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2. There are approx. _____ days between each lunar cycle






3. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)






4. Volcanoes are also found in __________ - where the denser oceanic plates are forced under continental plates; this adds massive volumes of water to the mantle - allowing magma to melt more readily and rise to the surface to form volcanoes






5. Forms over the Tropics and is warm






6. One tidal cycle per day






7. Occur when two plates slip past each other - Such faults are generally moderate and are relatively shallow Example: The San Andreas Fault






8. Two types of mountains are formed - depending on how the rock reacts to the tectonic forces






9. Can thaw and melt - and the ensuing water flows overland as snowmelt






10. Forms over water and is associated with wet air






11. Two feldspars (orthoclase and plagioclase) - quartz - olivine - and augite - These five minerals are silicates - built from interlocking silicon and oxygen atoms






12. This scale assigns a fixed number to 10 reference materials. Talc (1) is the softest and diamond (10) is the hardest

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13. On maps - the characteristics of an air mass are represented by two letters: The lowercase letter represents ________ - and the uppercase letter represents temperature






14. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e






15. Forms over land and is associated with dry air






16. 4 terrestrials: Mercury - Venus - Mars - Earth 4 gas giants: Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune At least 5 dwarf planets: Ceres - Pluto - Makemake - Haumea - Eris






17. Characterized by similar temperatures and moisture levels






18. Typically the tidal mouths of rivers and are often characterized by _____________ or silt carried in from terrestrial runoff - frequently from offshore






19. Oceans cover __ of the earth's surface






20. Traces of ancient life preserved in the strata as shells - footprints - and the like - Soft plant and animal tissues decompose quickly in the presence of decay bacteria - which exist wherever oxygen exists






21. Some groundwater finds openings in the land surface and emerges as...






22. The farther from the tropics you are positioned - the ________ the angle of the sun - This causes those locations to be cooler due to the indirect sunlight






23. Cause pressure differences - A hot surface heats the air above it and the air expands - lowering the air pressure and its density






24. The difference between levels of ocean water at high and low tides






25. Natural chemical compounds that are the crystals that make up rocks - Each has a specific composition or narrow range of composition






26. Stars with the highest ___________ appear blue - while stars with the lowest surface temperature appear red






27. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods






28. The science that describes and interprets the earth Fields: - Geomorphology (land forms) - Petrology (rocks) - Stratigraphy (layered rocks) - Paleontology (fossils)






29. The outermost part of the earth's interior is made up of two layers...






30. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years






31. Occur when two plates pull away from each other - Such faults are generally weak and shallow Example: the Mid - Atlantic Range in the Atlantic Ocean






32. A natural flow of water - usually freshwater - traveling toward an ocean - a lake - or another stream






33. Air currents move clouds around the globe and cloud particles collide - grow - and fall out of the sky as ________ - Most of it falls back into the oceans or onto land - where the precipitation flows over the ground as surface runoff - portion of run






34. Refers to the long - term weather patterns of a large geographical area and takes into account temperature - humidity - and precipitation






35. Temperature - pressure - and composition






36. The evaporation of these oceans is how we get most of our __________ - and their temperature determines our climate and wind patterns






37. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift






38. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures






39. The transformation of water from liquid to gas phases as it moves from the ground or bodies of water into the overlying atmosphere






40. The movement (carrying away or displacement) of solids (sediment - soil - rock - and other particles) - usually by the agents of currents such as wind - water - or ice by downward or down - slope movement in response to gravity






41. A warm - water current that carries warm water from the Tropics to the Arctic regions of the North Atlantic Ocean - This accounts for higher temperatures and higher humidity on the Eastern Seaboard during the summer






42. Method of using the present to interpret the past - Processes occurring today are observed carefully and their effects are measured - Then - geologists assume that similar effects in ancient rocks were caused by processes similar to those of the pres






43. Erosion in many places is increased by human land use - Poor land - use practices include deforestation - overgrazing - unmanaged construction activity - and road building






44. Most sediments were deposited in beds that were originally horizontal - and any tilting is due to later earth movements






45. Formed from calcium carbonate - also an example of chemical sedimentary rocks - like roock salt - can contain organic or once - living matter and can record the history of that matter's formation in features such as strata - fossil evidence - and rip






46. The result of the buildup of once - living things






47. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted






48. Forms south of the Arctic and is cold






49. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans






50. The motive force behind land breezes and sea/lake breezes - also known as on - or off - shore winds - Land absorbs and radiates heat faster than water - but water releases heat over a longer period of time