Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Occurs when the moon sets at sunset - Then the moon is between the earth and the sun - so we see only the dark half of the moon






2. The layers of sediment deposited in a quiet environment - Common sites of deposition are lakes - deltas at the mouths of rivers - beaches and sandbars along the coast - and (most important) the marine environment






3. Volcanoes are generally found where ________ are diverging or converging






4. A land form that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area - with a peak - Usually produced by the movement of lithospheric plates






5. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods






6. A natural flow of water - usually freshwater - traveling toward an ocean - a lake - or another stream






7. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England






8. Occur when two plates pull away from each other - Such faults are generally weak and shallow Example: the Mid - Atlantic Range in the Atlantic Ocean






9. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________






10. Spiral - elliptical - and irregular form are speckled throughout the visible universe - Largest telescope has detected galaxies to its limit of several billion light - years






11. A continuous drill would find gas - oil - and water in that order - The three substances occur in their order of density - with the lightest substance on top and the heaviest on the bottom






12. Some water infiltrates deep into the ground and replenishes ________ - which store huge amounts of freshwater for long periods of time






13. The North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean - and thus its temperature extremes are buffered by the water - The result is that the South Pole is consistently _______ during the southern winter than the North Pole during the northern winter






14. Sometimes called minor planets or planetoids - Bodies






15. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)






16. An individual weighing 200 lbs on Earth would weigh more on a _______________ - Weight is a function of gravity






17. Temperature - pressure - and composition






18. Volcanoes are also found in __________ - where the denser oceanic plates are forced under continental plates; this adds massive volumes of water to the mantle - allowing magma to melt more readily and rise to the surface to form volcanoes






19. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures






20. Two feldspars (orthoclase and plagioclase) - quartz - olivine - and augite - These five minerals are silicates - built from interlocking silicon and oxygen atoms






21. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon






22. Method of using the present to interpret the past - Processes occurring today are observed carefully and their effects are measured - Then - geologists assume that similar effects in ancient rocks were caused by processes similar to those of the pres






23. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e






24. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift






25. 186000 miles/second






26. The rising of the earth's ocean surface caused by the tidal forces of the moon and the sun acting on the oceans






27. A warm - water current that carries warm water from the Tropics to the Arctic regions of the North Atlantic Ocean - This accounts for higher temperatures and higher humidity on the Eastern Seaboard during the summer






28. - The materials left over after the rock breaks down combine with organic material - The mineral content is determined by the parent material; thus - a soil derived from a single rock type can often be deficient in one or more minerals for good ferti






29. The motive force behind land breezes and sea/lake breezes - also known as on - or off - shore winds - Land absorbs and radiates heat faster than water - but water releases heat over a longer period of time






30. Divided into two main types: large - low- density gas giants and smaller - rocky terrestrials - There are at least 341 identified _______ - 8 of which are in the Solar System






31. Continental polar (dry - cold air)






32. Texture is important in classifying ______ sedimentary rocks






33. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years






34. Comprises one global - interconnected body of salt water often (though generally recognized as several separate oceans) - A continuous body of water with relatively free interchange among its parts






35. Defined by geometrically subdividing the earth's spheroid into 24 lunes (wedge - shaped sections) - bordered by meridians - each 15






36. Occur when two plates slip past each other - Such faults are generally moderate and are relatively shallow Example: The San Andreas Fault






37. Due to a combination of differential heating and geometry - hen the sun rises - it is the tops of the mountain peaks which receive first light - and as the day progresses - the mountain slopes take on a greater heat load than the valleys - This resul






38. The farther from the tropics you are positioned - the ________ the angle of the sun - This causes those locations to be cooler due to the indirect sunlight






39. Condensed water vapor that falls to the earth's surface - Most precipitation occurs as rain - but also includes snow - hail - fog drip - graupel - and sleet






40. This scale assigns a fixed number to 10 reference materials. Talc (1) is the softest and diamond (10) is the hardest

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41. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler

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42. The process of chemical or physical breakdown of earth rocks - soils - and their minerals






43. Take up about 1/3 of the earth's land surface - many are formed by rain shadows - Usually have a large diurnal (day) and seasonal temperature range - with high daytime temperatures






44. Precipitation - Canopy interception - Snowmelt - Runoff - Percolation - Subsurface flow- Evaporation - Sublimation - Condensation






45. Volcanoes can be caused by '____________'; these so - called hotspots - as in Hawaii - can occur far from plate boundaries






46. How much matter is in the object






47. Smooth layers of low clouds that indicate a chance of drizzle or snow






48. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...

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49. Some precipitation falls as ____ and can accumulate as ice caps and glaciers - which can store water for thousands of years






50. Ancient astronomers found that eclipses occurred periodically and learned to predict them accurately - Lunar and solar