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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Large - dark clouds that indicate thunderstorms
Mantle
Erosion and land use
Uniformitarianism
Cumulonibus clouds
2. The evaporation of these oceans is how we get most of our __________ - and their temperature determines our climate and wind patterns
Chaotic system
- cP
Rainfall
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
3. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans
Runoff
Tectonic plates
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Cirrus clouds
4. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy
Nuclear fusion
larger planet
precipitation
Mantle plumes
5. The process in which one type of rock changes into another
Altostratus clouds
The rock cycle
Precipitation
Inertia
6. The process of chemical or physical breakdown of earth rocks - soils - and their minerals
Small islands
moisture
Weathering
Earth's crust
7. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog
Evaporation
Condensation
Stars
Mantle plumes
8. Believed to originate at a much greater distance from the Sun - in a cloud (the Oort cloud) consisting of debris left over from the condensation of solar nebula - Comets are thrown from the outer planets or nearby stars - or as a result of collisions
Planets
5.6
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Long - period comets
9. Further caused by the elliptical orbit of the earth - Earth reaches perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the sun) in January - and it reaches aphelion (farthest point from the sun) in July - Also depend on factors such as proximity to oceans
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Colder
Mechanical/physical weathering
World/global ocean
10. Center: 3000
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11. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th
Sunspots
El Nino
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
- cT
12. Formed from calcium carbonate - also an example of chemical sedimentary rocks - like roock salt - can contain organic or once - living matter and can record the history of that matter's formation in features such as strata - fossil evidence - and rip
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Meteorology
Semidiurnal
Limestone
13. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Longitude
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
Mohs' scale of hardness
14. When the moon is at first quarter or third quarter - the sun - earth and moon form a 90- degree (right) angle with the earth at the vertex - The combined effect of this alignment of the sun - earth - and moon results in tidal ranges on the earth - Wh
Uniformitarianism
Rainfall
Neap tide/neaps
Solar wind
15. Some water infiltrates deep into the ground and replenishes ________ - which store huge amounts of freshwater for long periods of time
Chemical weathering
aquifers
Sun's gravity
Limestone
16. The farther from the tropics you are positioned - the ________ the angle of the sun - This causes those locations to be cooler due to the indirect sunlight
lower
Weather phenomena on earth
Tides
Metamorphic rocks
17. Largest zone of the planet (68%); crystalline silicates - rich in magnesium - calcium - and iron; very hot and mainly solid - but local melting to magma is the source of volcanic eruptions
Transform plate movements
Mechanical/physical weathering
Semidiurnal
Mantle
18. 186000 miles/second
Long linear arcs
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
New moon
Speed of light
19. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal
Types of clouds
Mineral color
Semidiurnal
Scratch test
20. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...
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21. How much matter is in the object
Hydrologic cycle
Seasons
moisture
Density
22. The North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean - and thus its temperature extremes are buffered by the water - The result is that the South Pole is consistently _______ during the southern winter than the North Pole during the northern winter
Earth
Latitude
Colder
Gravity and inertia
23. The resulting dust layer would act as a shield - blocking out much of the sun's rays - This would result in lower global temperatures and a general _____ of the earth
Continental air
Galaxies
cooling
Sedimentary rocks
24. Two types of mountains are formed - depending on how the rock reacts to the tectonic forces
Block mountains or fold mountains
Convergent tectonic plates
Equinoxes
Rocky planets and moons
25. 1 hour of time
Longitude
15
aquifers
Galactic center
26. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line
Long - period comets
Winter solstice
Gravity and inertia
Meteorology
27. Most sediments were deposited in beds that were originally horizontal - and any tilting is due to later earth movements
New moon
Law of original horizontality
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
lower
28. The best determiner of climate - as it is consistently and directly correlated with temperature - other factors: Rain shadows - as well as water currents - elevation and so forth
Latitude
Differential heating
Troposhere
larger planet
29. The result of the buildup of once - living things
El Nino and La Nina
Coral reef
Types of clouds
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
30. Refers to the long - term weather patterns of a large geographical area and takes into account temperature - humidity - and precipitation
Types of galaxies
Rain shadow
Solar eclipse
Climate
31. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow
Scratch test
Small islands
Mechanical/physical weathering
Altostratus clouds
32. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths
Seasons
Intrusive
Chemical weathering
Distance
33. The spectra of distant objects display a red shift - which is interpreted as meaning that they are rapidly receding from us - This apparent expansion of the universe has given rise to the big bang theory of cosmology - in which one primeval mass expl
Venus
The big bang theory of cosmology
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
50-100
34. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)
46%
Earth's crust
Troposhere
Nuclear fusion
35. Oceans cover __ of the earth's surface
3/4
Rock salt
Density
- cT
36. Zero degrees latitude - generally has a tropical climate (warm and wet); at the extreme northern and southern latitudes (polar regions) - the climate is very cold and dry
The equator
Sun
The earth's structure
Soil
37. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes
lower elevation
La Nina
Crust
Valley breeze
38. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler
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39. The layers of sediment deposited in a quiet environment - Common sites of deposition are lakes - deltas at the mouths of rivers - beaches and sandbars along the coast - and (most important) the marine environment
Eclipses
New moon
Strata
Cleavage
40. The major mountains tend to occur in __________ - indicating tectonic plate boundaries and activity
Styles of rock deformation
larger planet
The earth's structure
Long linear arcs
41. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through direct contact with atmospheric conditions such as heat - water - ice - and pressure
Chaotic system
Latitude
Asteroids
Mechanical/physical weathering
42. Giant masses of solid rock that float upon the earth's mantle - These plates move in relation to one another at one of three types of plate boundaries...
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Earth
15
Planets
43. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
lower elevation
Ice Age
Neap tide/neaps
44. Occur when two plates pull away from each other - Such faults are generally weak and shallow Example: the Mid - Atlantic Range in the Atlantic Ocean
Divergent plate movements
Solar eclipse
The big bang theory of cosmology
Intrusive
45. The strong temperature contrast between polar and tropical air gives rise to the ________
Equinoxes
Solar radiation
jet stream
Daylight saving time zones
46. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift
Orogenic zones
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
Eclipses
11
47. Typically the tidal mouths of rivers and are often characterized by _____________ or silt carried in from terrestrial runoff - frequently from offshore
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
Sedimentation
Solar System
48. Due to a combination of differential heating and geometry - hen the sun rises - it is the tops of the mountain peaks which receive first light - and as the day progresses - the mountain slopes take on a greater heat load than the valleys - This resul
10000
groundwater discharge
Crustal rocks
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
49. Igneous rock that forms on the earth's surface - Examples obsidian - basalt - and pumice
Law of original horizontality
Mohs' scale of hardness
Extrusive
Semidiurnal or diurnal
50. A continuous drill would find gas - oil - and water in that order - The three substances occur in their order of density - with the lightest substance on top and the heaviest on the bottom
Petroleum exploration
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Chaotic system
Orogenic zones