Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Typically the tidal mouths of rivers and are often characterized by _____________ or silt carried in from terrestrial runoff - frequently from offshore






2. Air currents move clouds around the globe and cloud particles collide - grow - and fall out of the sky as ________ - Most of it falls back into the oceans or onto land - where the precipitation flows over the ground as surface runoff - portion of run






3. The movement (carrying away or displacement) of solids (sediment - soil - rock - and other particles) - usually by the agents of currents such as wind - water - or ice by downward or down - slope movement in response to gravity






4. Maritime tropical (wet - warm air)






5. Take up about 1/3 of the earth's land surface - many are formed by rain shadows - Usually have a large diurnal (day) and seasonal temperature range - with high daytime temperatures






6. On maps - the characteristics of an air mass are represented by two letters: The lowercase letter represents ________ - and the uppercase letter represents temperature






7. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow






8. Characterized by similar temperatures and moisture levels






9. This scale assigns a fixed number to 10 reference materials. Talc (1) is the softest and diamond (10) is the hardest

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10. Forms over water and is associated with wet air






11. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...






12. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth






13. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years






14. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes






15. Ancient astronomers found that eclipses occurred periodically and learned to predict them accurately - Lunar and solar






16. Volcanoes can be caused by '____________'; these so - called hotspots - as in Hawaii - can occur far from plate boundaries






17. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms






18. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)






19. Some groundwater finds openings in the land surface and emerges as...






20. Large - dark clouds that indicate thunderstorms






21. - The materials left over after the rock breaks down combine with organic material - The mineral content is determined by the parent material; thus - a soil derived from a single rock type can often be deficient in one or more minerals for good ferti






22. Can influence climate by sending tremendous volumes of dust - ash - and smoke into the atmosphere






23. The lateral movement of the plates is typically at speeds of ___ mm annually






24. Water transpired from plants and evaporated from the soil






25. The North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean - and thus its temperature extremes are buffered by the water - The result is that the South Pole is consistently _______ during the southern winter than the North Pole during the northern winter






26. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the






27. Scientists theorize that massive volcanic eruptions on a global scale contributed to the earth's cooling - resulting in the onset of the...






28. Forms over land and is associated with dry air






29. Zero degrees latitude - generally has a tropical climate (warm and wet); at the extreme northern and southern latitudes (polar regions) - the climate is very cold and dry






30. Classified as warm - water or cold - water currents






31. Paleontology: Fossil evidence indicates the similarity of fossils on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean - Continental 'jigsaw puzzle': The outlines of the continents seem to fit together






32. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals (also known as biological weathering)






33. Bodies similar to the sun but immensely distant - Closest stars are 4 light - years away






34. Cirrus - Stratus - Cumulonimbus - Altostratus






35. Formed from calcium carbonate - also an example of chemical sedimentary rocks - like roock salt - can contain organic or once - living matter and can record the history of that matter's formation in features such as strata - fossil evidence - and rip






36. Largest zone of the planet (68%); crystalline silicates - rich in magnesium - calcium - and iron; very hot and mainly solid - but local melting to magma is the source of volcanic eruptions






37. Affected by factors such as weathering and impurities






38. The layers of sediment deposited in a quiet environment - Common sites of deposition are lakes - deltas at the mouths of rivers - beaches and sandbars along the coast - and (most important) the marine environment






39. One tidal cycle per day






40. The precipitation that is intercepted by plant foliage and eventually evaporates back to the atmosphere rather than falling to the ground






41. Travels in an orbit that is slightly elliptical (oval) - and so the distance from the sun ranges from 91.5 to 94.5 million miles - Its daily rotation deforms the earth to a flattened spheroid - with a polar radius slightly less than the equatorial ra






42. Occur when two plates push together - Such faults are strong and relatively deep - Where the strongest earthquakes occur Example: mountain building in the Himalayas and the Andes






43. The movement of rainwater as it filters through soil and rocks into the ground - becoming groundwater






44. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal






45. The process in which one type of rock changes into another






46. Sun heats water in the oceans - Water evaporates as vapor into the air - Ice and snow can sublimate directly into water vapor...- Over time - the water reenters the ocean - where the water cycle started






47. Some infiltration stays close to the land surface and can seep back into surface - water bodies (and the ocean) as...






48. The Pacific Ring of Fire has examples of volcanoes caused by ___________ coming together






49. There are approx. _____ days between each lunar cycle






50. The difference between levels of ocean water at high and low tides