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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler
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2. The runoff produced by melting snow
50-100
10000
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Snowmelt
3. Further caused by the elliptical orbit of the earth - Earth reaches perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the sun) in January - and it reaches aphelion (farthest point from the sun) in July - Also depend on factors such as proximity to oceans
Percolation
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Standard time zones
Differential heating
4. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun
Parallax
precipitation
Altostratus clouds
Standard time zones
5. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms
Air mass
Weather phenomena on earth
Orogenic zones
Sedimentation
6. This scale assigns a fixed number to 10 reference materials. Talc (1) is the softest and diamond (10) is the hardest
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7. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures
Crust
Gravity and inertia
lower elevation
The distinction between asteroids and comets
8. Forms over water and is associated with wet air
Sedimentation
Surface temperature
Maritime air
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
9. Cause pressure differences - A hot surface heats the air above it and the air expands - lowering the air pressure and its density
Weather phenomena on earth
Scratch test
Surface temperature differences
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
10. A land form that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area - with a peak - Usually produced by the movement of lithospheric plates
moisture
Evaporation
The geological time scale
Mountain
11. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the same area - Atlanta tropical cyclone activity is generally enhanced during La Nina - Often follows the El Nino - especially when the latter is strong
Transform plate movements
Surface ocean currents
La Nina
Block mountains or fold mountains
12. Two types of mountains are formed - depending on how the rock reacts to the tectonic forces
Andromeda galaxy
Solar radiation
Block mountains or fold mountains
Chemical weathering
13. Continental polar (dry - cold air)
Speed of light
Lithosphere
groundwater discharge
- cP
14. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes
Solar radiation
Maritime air
Crust
Long linear arcs
15. After the moon has waxed through crescent - quarter - and gibbous phases - a ________ appears - At that time - the moon rises at sunset - and we see all of its illuminated side - Then the phase wanes gradually to another new moon
Plate tectonics
Full moon
Law of superposition
The most abundant minerals in the crust
16. Characterized by similar temperatures and moisture levels
Opposite seasons
Plate tectonics
percolation
Air mass
17. When the moon is at first quarter or third quarter - the sun - earth and moon form a 90- degree (right) angle with the earth at the vertex - The combined effect of this alignment of the sun - earth - and moon results in tidal ranges on the earth - Wh
Neap tide/neaps
Mantle
Sedimentary rocks
Maritime air
18. The source of energy for evaporation is primarily through ___________
Solar radiation
Ways magma can form
Neap tide/neaps
Lunar eclipse
19. The strength of gravity in our solar system depends on both the masses of the celestial objects and the _______ between them
jet stream
Orogenic zones
precipitation
Distance
20. Traces of ancient life preserved in the strata as shells - footprints - and the like - Soft plant and animal tissues decompose quickly in the presence of decay bacteria - which exist wherever oxygen exists
Rocky planets and moons
Fossils
Plate tectonics
Rainfall
21. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the
Precipitation
Seasons
Convergent tectonic plates
Andromeda galaxy
22. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line
Gravity and inertia
Precipitation
groundwater discharge
Igneous rocks
23. Can thaw and melt - and the ensuing water flows overland as snowmelt
Mantle plumes
Snow packs
Stars
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
24. A continuous drill would find gas - oil - and water in that order - The three substances occur in their order of density - with the lightest substance on top and the heaviest on the bottom
Fossils
Tropical air
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
Petroleum exploration
25. Different visual appearance; when discovered - comets show a perceptible coma while asteroids do not
Petroleum exploration
29.5
Estuary
The distinction between asteroids and comets
26. Test the item against materials of known hardness; for example - use your fingernail or the graphite in a pencil to attempt to scratch the items. This process should result in assigning a relative hardness to the unknown items.
Plate tectonics
The distinction between asteroids and comets
The Gulf - Stream
Scratch test
27. Earth movements - The result of forces within the earth - where temperature and pressure differences lead to instability
Scratch test
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
Andromeda galaxy
Crustal rocks
28. Tides may be...
Metamorphic rocks
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Weather phenomena on earth
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
29. Not all runoff flows into rivers; much of it infiltrates into the ground through...
Continental drift
percolation
Diurnal
La Nina
30. Believed to originate at a much greater distance from the Sun - in a cloud (the Oort cloud) consisting of debris left over from the condensation of solar nebula - Comets are thrown from the outer planets or nearby stars - or as a result of collisions
Rocky planets and moons
Hydrologic concepts
Sedimentation
Long - period comets
31. The motive force behind land breezes and sea/lake breezes - also known as on - or off - shore winds - Land absorbs and radiates heat faster than water - but water releases heat over a longer period of time
- mT
Differential heating
Earth
Moon
32. This upslope wind is called a...
Law of superposition
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
- cP
Valley breeze
33. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p
Continental drift
Solar eclipse
percolation
Volcano
34. Typically the tidal mouths of rivers and are often characterized by _____________ or silt carried in from terrestrial runoff - frequently from offshore
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Transform plate movements
Sedimentation
Latitude
35. Large - dark clouds that indicate thunderstorms
- cT
Lithosphere
Cumulonibus clouds
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
36. Huge systems of stars - Milky Way is estimated to have 100 billion stars arranged in a great disk
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
Estuary
Galaxies
Parallax
37. Classified as warm - water or cold - water currents
Density
Clastic
5.6
Surface ocean currents
38. The lateral movement of the plates is typically at speeds of ___ mm annually
Axis tilt
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
50-100
Erosion and land use
39. Deviates by an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees - Thus - at any given time during summer or winter - one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the sun - This exposure alternates as the earth revolves in its orbit
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Snowmelt
Sun
Axis tilt
40. Water transpired from plants and evaporated from the soil
Evapotranspiration
Parallax
Moon
Semidiurnal or diurnal
41. 186000 miles/second
Geology
Speed of light
Troposhere
Weight and mass
42. Around a new or full moon - when the sun - moon - and the earth form a line - the tidal forces due to the sun reinforce those of the moon - The tide's range is at a maximum and is called a spring tide (spring as in 'to jump/leap -' not the season)
Petroleum exploration
Spring tide
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Types of clouds
43. Spiral - elliptical - and irregular form are speckled throughout the visible universe - Largest telescope has detected galaxies to its limit of several billion light - years
Types of galaxies
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Altostratus clouds
Pacific Ring of Fire
44. Occur when two plates push together - Such faults are strong and relatively deep - Where the strongest earthquakes occur Example: mountain building in the Himalayas and the Andes
29.5
Convergent plate movements
Galaxies
lower elevation
45. Forms south of the Arctic and is cold
Polar air
Maritime air
Subduction zones
Scratch test
46. Somewhat cooler disturbances in the photosphere
Sunspots
Ice Age
Subduction zones
Equinoxes
47. Faulting and folding
Styles of rock deformation
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Convergent tectonic plates
Differential heating
48. The Pacific Ring of Fire has examples of volcanoes caused by ___________ coming together
Uniformitarianism
Evapotranspiration
Limestone
Convergent tectonic plates
49. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through direct contact with atmospheric conditions such as heat - water - ice - and pressure
larger planet
Clastic
Subduction zones
Mechanical/physical weathering
50. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog
- mP
Earth's crust
Condensation
Stratus clouds