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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The best determiner of climate - as it is consistently and directly correlated with temperature - other factors: Rain shadows - as well as water currents - elevation and so forth
Long linear arcs
Latitude
Solar System
Mantle plumes
2. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths
Intrusive
- cP
Climate
Mohs' scale of hardness
3. Maritime polar (wet - cold air)
- mP
Continental air
Comet nuclei
Venus
4. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Time zone
Photosphere
Why weather occurs
5. A land form that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area - with a peak - Usually produced by the movement of lithospheric plates
Full moon
Mountain
Why weather occurs
lower elevation
6. Characterized by similar temperatures and moisture levels
Air mass
Rain shadow
Groundwater
Stratus clouds
7. Faulting and folding
Mineral color
Latitude
Styles of rock deformation
Parallax
8. The process in which one type of rock changes into another
Cumulonibus clouds
Divergent plate movements
The geological time scale
The rock cycle
9. Different visual appearance; when discovered - comets show a perceptible coma while asteroids do not
Parallax
The distinction between asteroids and comets
lower
Comet
10. Maritime tropical (wet - warm air)
Inertia
- mT
Lunar eclipse
lower
11. 4 terrestrials: Mercury - Venus - Mars - Earth 4 gas giants: Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune At least 5 dwarf planets: Ceres - Pluto - Makemake - Haumea - Eris
Solar System
Colder
Latitude
Tectonic plates
12. One tidal cycle per day
percolation
Diurnal
- cP
Gravity and inertia
13. Travels in an orbit that is slightly elliptical (oval) - and so the distance from the sun ranges from 91.5 to 94.5 million miles - Its daily rotation deforms the earth to a flattened spheroid - with a polar radius slightly less than the equatorial ra
Mantle
15
Earth
Estuary
14. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England
Comet
Weathering
Longitude
Erosion and land use
15. Some precipitation falls as ____ and can accumulate as ice caps and glaciers - which can store water for thousands of years
Planets
snow
Types of galaxies
Altostratus clouds
16. 1 hour of time
Mohs' scale of hardness
Cirrus clouds
15
Styles of rock deformation
17. Forms over the Tropics and is warm
Tropical air
Long linear arcs
Chaotic system
46%
18. The strength of gravity in our solar system depends on both the masses of the celestial objects and the _______ between them
Chaotic system
lower elevation
Distance
Valley breeze
19. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth
Plate tectonics
Weather phenomena on earth
Moon
Convergent plate movements
20. Occur when two plates pull away from each other - Such faults are generally weak and shallow Example: the Mid - Atlantic Range in the Atlantic Ocean
Solar System
Divergent plate movements
The Gulf - Stream
Spring tide
21. Loose collections of ice - dust - and small rocky particles - measuring a few kilometers or tens of kilometers across
Subsurface flow
Smaller regions of the oceans
Plate tectonics
Comet nuclei
22. The degrees north or south of the equator
Time zone
New moon
Speed of light
Latitude
23. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy
Mohs' scale of hardness
larger planet
Nuclear fusion
lower elevation
24. Cirrus - Stratus - Cumulonimbus - Altostratus
Types of clouds
Surface ocean temperature
Seasons
Troposhere
25. Erosion in many places is increased by human land use - Poor land - use practices include deforestation - overgrazing - unmanaged construction activity - and road building
Moon
Erosion and land use
Solar System
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
26. Bodies similar to the sun but immensely distant - Closest stars are 4 light - years away
Mantle
Evaporation
Stars
Ways magma can form
27. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________
- cT
3/4
5.6
Galactic center
28. Precipitation - Canopy interception - Snowmelt - Runoff - Percolation - Subsurface flow- Evaporation - Sublimation - Condensation
Condensation
Hydrologic concepts
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Styles of rock deformation
29. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...
Opposite seasons
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
46%
Scratch test
30. Seasons are marked by changes in the amount of sunlight - which in turn often cause cycles of dormancy in plants and hibernation in animals - These effects vary with latitude and with proximity to bodies of water
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Plate tectonics
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
Tides
31. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th
Venus
El Nino
Divergent plate movements
The Gulf - Stream
32. Large - scale movements of the earth's lithosphere - - The theory encompasses the older concepts of continental drift (first half of 20th century) and seafloor spreading (1960s)
Crustal rocks
Semidiurnal
Plate tectonics
Continental drift
33. Rocks are placed into groups according to how they form...
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
Moon
Diurnal
The equator
34. Occur when two plates slip past each other - Such faults are generally moderate and are relatively shallow Example: The San Andreas Fault
Transform plate movements
Colder
Differential heating
Canopy interception
35. The difference between levels of ocean water at high and low tides
11
Tidal range
Law of superposition
Plate tectonics
36. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line
Long - period comets
Climate
Orogenic zones
Gravity and inertia
37. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Canopy interception
Rain shadow
Types of clouds
38. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration
Erosion
Convergent plate movements
Mantle
Transpiration
39. Occurs when the moon sets at sunset - Then the moon is between the earth and the sun - so we see only the dark half of the moon
Rain shadow
Surface temperature differences
Uniformitarianism
New moon
40. Texture is important in classifying ______ sedimentary rocks
Clastic
Air mass
Long linear arcs
Opposite seasons
41. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years
10000
Strata
Snow packs
River
42. Affected by factors such as weathering and impurities
Condensation
Sedimentary rocks
Mineral color
Solar System
43. The farther from the tropics you are positioned - the ________ the angle of the sun - This causes those locations to be cooler due to the indirect sunlight
Volcano
lower
Neap tide/neaps
World/global ocean
44. A continuous drill would find gas - oil - and water in that order - The three substances occur in their order of density - with the lightest substance on top and the heaviest on the bottom
- mT
Petroleum exploration
Longitude
Standard time zones
45. Giant masses of solid rock that float upon the earth's mantle - These plates move in relation to one another at one of three types of plate boundaries...
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Transpiration
El Nino
Snow packs
46. The atmosphere is a __________ - and so small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole - This makes it difficult to accurately predict weather more than a few days in advance
Chaotic system
Surface temperature
Tides
Winter solstice
47. The science that describes and interprets the earth Fields: - Geomorphology (land forms) - Petrology (rocks) - Stratigraphy (layered rocks) - Paleontology (fossils)
- cP
Neap tide/neaps
Styles of rock deformation
Geology
48. The strong temperature contrast between polar and tropical air gives rise to the ________
jet stream
Subduction zones
Pacific Ring of Fire
Percolation
49. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic
Polar air
Clastic
Pacific Ring of Fire
clouds
50. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
Evaporation
Metamorphic rocks
Solar radiation