Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Large - scale movements of the earth's lithosphere - - The theory encompasses the older concepts of continental drift (first half of 20th century) and seafloor spreading (1960s)






2. The result of the buildup of once - living things






3. Take up about 1/3 of the earth's land surface - many are formed by rain shadows - Usually have a large diurnal (day) and seasonal temperature range - with high daytime temperatures






4. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy






5. Spiral - elliptical - and irregular form are speckled throughout the visible universe - Largest telescope has detected galaxies to its limit of several billion light - years






6. The degrees north or south of the equator






7. Volcanoes can be caused by '____________'; these so - called hotspots - as in Hawaii - can occur far from plate boundaries






8. The runoff produced by melting snow






9. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes






10. A natural flow of water - usually freshwater - traveling toward an ocean - a lake - or another stream






11. Faulting and folding






12. Believed to originate at a much greater distance from the Sun - in a cloud (the Oort cloud) consisting of debris left over from the condensation of solar nebula - Comets are thrown from the outer planets or nearby stars - or as a result of collisions






13. Cause pressure differences - A hot surface heats the air above it and the air expands - lowering the air pressure and its density






14. Some isolated mountains were produced by volcanoes - including many apparently ________ that reach a great height above the ocean floor






15. One tidal cycle per day






16. A huge ball of incandescent gases - Its mass is more than 300000 times that of the earth - Principal constituents are the lightest elements - hydrogen and helium






17. Two types of mountains are formed - depending on how the rock reacts to the tectonic forces






18. The layers of sediment deposited in a quiet environment - Common sites of deposition are lakes - deltas at the mouths of rivers - beaches and sandbars along the coast - and (most important) the marine environment






19. Some water infiltrates deep into the ground and replenishes ________ - which store huge amounts of freshwater for long periods of time






20. The atmosphere is a __________ - and so small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole - This makes it difficult to accurately predict weather more than a few days in advance






21. Air currents move clouds around the globe and cloud particles collide - grow - and fall out of the sky as ________ - Most of it falls back into the oceans or onto land - where the precipitation flows over the ground as surface runoff - portion of run






22. Some precipitation falls as ____ and can accumulate as ice caps and glaciers - which can store water for thousands of years






23. Takes place when the moon passes between the earth and the sun - with the moon blocking the sunlight for about two minutes - A total ___________ may be seen only from a small zone on the earth






24. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow






25. Seasons are marked by changes in the amount of sunlight - which in turn often cause cycles of dormancy in plants and hibernation in animals - These effects vary with latitude and with proximity to bodies of water






26. Seas - gulfs - bays - and other names






27. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone






28. Form when magma or lava cools and solidifies - Depending on the rate of cooling - can contain visible crystals - while others can appear glassy






29. Occurs at the instant when the sun's position in the sky is at its greatest angular distance on the other side of the equatorial plane from the observer's hemisphere - Depending on the shift of the calendar - the winter solstice occurs some time betw






30. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...

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31. The precipitation that is intercepted by plant foliage and eventually evaporates back to the atmosphere rather than falling to the ground






32. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate






33. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...






34. Occur when two plates push together - Such faults are strong and relatively deep - Where the strongest earthquakes occur Example: mountain building in the Himalayas and the Andes






35. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th






36. Rocks are placed into groups according to how they form...






37. Affected by factors such as weathering and impurities






38. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods






39. Two feldspars (orthoclase and plagioclase) - quartz - olivine - and augite - These five minerals are silicates - built from interlocking silicon and oxygen atoms






40. The farther from the tropics you are positioned - the ________ the angle of the sun - This causes those locations to be cooler due to the indirect sunlight






41. Occur when two plates slip past each other - Such faults are generally moderate and are relatively shallow Example: The San Andreas Fault






42. The Pacific Ring of Fire has examples of volcanoes caused by ___________ coming together






43. Continental tropical (dry - warm air)






44. Can thaw and melt - and the ensuing water flows overland as snowmelt






45. Refers to the long - term weather patterns of a large geographical area and takes into account temperature - humidity - and precipitation






46. Cirrus - Stratus - Cumulonimbus - Altostratus






47. A land form that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area - with a peak - Usually produced by the movement of lithospheric plates






48. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p






49. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away






50. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...