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CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A ______________ - such as the Mid - Atlantic Ridge - has examples of volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates pulling apart






2. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)






3. Two feldspars (orthoclase and plagioclase) - quartz - olivine - and augite - These five minerals are silicates - built from interlocking silicon and oxygen atoms






4. Takes approx. seven and a half earth months to revolve around the sun - Takes approx. eight earth months to rotate on its axis - a day on ________ is longer than a year






5. 186000 miles/second






6. When the moon is at first quarter or third quarter - the sun - earth and moon form a 90- degree (right) angle with the earth at the vertex - The combined effect of this alignment of the sun - earth - and moon results in tidal ranges on the earth - Wh






7. Tides may be...






8. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th






9. Some precipitation falls as ____ and can accumulate as ice caps and glaciers - which can store water for thousands of years






10. The North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean - and thus its temperature extremes are buffered by the water - The result is that the South Pole is consistently _______ during the southern winter than the North Pole during the northern winter






11. Sometimes called minor planets or planetoids - Bodies






12. Loose collections of ice - dust - and small rocky particles - measuring a few kilometers or tens of kilometers across






13. Volcanoes are also found in __________ - where the denser oceanic plates are forced under continental plates; this adds massive volumes of water to the mantle - allowing magma to melt more readily and rise to the surface to form volcanoes






14. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms






15. The degrees north or south of the equator






16. Darkens the moon as the earth passes between it and the sun - casting a shadow on the moon - may be seen from anywhere the moon is visible - about half of the earth






17. The precipitation that is intercepted by plant foliage and eventually evaporates back to the atmosphere rather than falling to the ground






18. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic






19. The Pacific Ring of Fire has examples of volcanoes caused by ___________ coming together






20. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...






21. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes






22. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog






23. A land form that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area - with a peak - Usually produced by the movement of lithospheric plates






24. Refers to the long - term weather patterns of a large geographical area and takes into account temperature - humidity - and precipitation






25. Bbreaking along flat surfaces






26. The rising of the earth's ocean surface caused by the tidal forces of the moon and the sun acting on the oceans






27. Water transpired from plants and evaporated from the soil






28. Condensed water vapor that falls to the earth's surface - Most precipitation occurs as rain - but also includes snow - hail - fog drip - graupel - and sleet






29. Younger beds were originally deposited above older beds






30. Continental polar (dry - cold air)






31. The process of chemical or physical breakdown of earth rocks - soils - and their minerals






32. Can thaw and melt - and the ensuing water flows overland as snowmelt






33. The spectra of distant objects display a red shift - which is interpreted as meaning that they are rapidly receding from us - This apparent expansion of the universe has given rise to the big bang theory of cosmology - in which one primeval mass expl






34. - The materials left over after the rock breaks down combine with organic material - The mineral content is determined by the parent material; thus - a soil derived from a single rock type can often be deficient in one or more minerals for good ferti






35. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________






36. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration






37. Can influence climate by sending tremendous volumes of dust - ash - and smoke into the atmosphere






38. The layers of sediment deposited in a quiet environment - Common sites of deposition are lakes - deltas at the mouths of rivers - beaches and sandbars along the coast - and (most important) the marine environment






39. Believed to originate at a much greater distance from the Sun - in a cloud (the Oort cloud) consisting of debris left over from the condensation of solar nebula - Comets are thrown from the outer planets or nearby stars - or as a result of collisions






40. Not all runoff flows into rivers; much of it infiltrates into the ground through...






41. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy






42. The flow of water underground - in the vadose zone and aquifers - Subsurface water may return to the surface (as a spring or by being pumped) or eventually seep into the oceans






43. A region of the earth that has uniform standard time - usually referred to as the local time - divided into standard and daylight saving (or summer)






44. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods






45. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away






46. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years






47. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone






48. The fossiliferous strata record is only the last __% of the earth's history






49. Huge systems of stars - Milky Way is estimated to have 100 billion stars arranged in a great disk






50. A major determiner of coastal climate







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