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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Darkens the moon as the earth passes between it and the sun - casting a shadow on the moon - may be seen from anywhere the moon is visible - about half of the earth
El Nino
Lunar eclipse
50-100
New moon
2. The process of chemical or physical breakdown of earth rocks - soils - and their minerals
Eclipses
Hydrologic concepts
Weathering
Geology
3. Giant masses of solid rock that float upon the earth's mantle - These plates move in relation to one another at one of three types of plate boundaries...
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Winter solstice
The big bang theory of cosmology
Small islands
4. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed
Block mountains or fold mountains
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Galactic center
The geological time scale
5. An individual weighing 200 lbs on Earth would weigh more on a _______________ - Weight is a function of gravity
larger planet
Scratch test
Chaotic system
Sedimentary rocks
6. The precipitation that is intercepted by plant foliage and eventually evaporates back to the atmosphere rather than falling to the ground
Canopy interception
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Precipitation
freshwater
7. Air currents move clouds around the globe and cloud particles collide - grow - and fall out of the sky as ________ - Most of it falls back into the oceans or onto land - where the precipitation flows over the ground as surface runoff - portion of run
Law of superposition
precipitation
California coast
Comet
8. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow
clouds
Altostratus clouds
cooling
Stratus clouds
9. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms
Major oceans
Pacific Ring of Fire
Weather phenomena on earth
Seasons
10. - The materials left over after the rock breaks down combine with organic material - The mineral content is determined by the parent material; thus - a soil derived from a single rock type can often be deficient in one or more minerals for good ferti
- mT
Rock salt
Soil
Density
11. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune
Rain shadow
Short - period comets
- mP
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
12. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals (also known as biological weathering)
Rainfall
Minerals
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Chemical weathering
13. Younger beds were originally deposited above older beds
Air mass
Transpiration
Law of superposition
Nuclear fusion
14. Earth movements - The result of forces within the earth - where temperature and pressure differences lead to instability
Crustal rocks
Inertia
Sedimentation
Cumulonibus clouds
15. Stars with the highest ___________ appear blue - while stars with the lowest surface temperature appear red
Inertia
Surface temperature
groundwater discharge
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
16. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away
Erosion and land use
larger planet
Andromeda galaxy
Convergent tectonic plates
17. Some groundwater finds openings in the land surface and emerges as...
El Nino and La Nina
freshwater springs
Surface temperature
Altostratus clouds
18. Gas giants Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus and Neptune have diameters far larger than Earth's and have far greater masses
Weight and mass
precipitation
Hydrologic concepts
Mid - oceanic ridge
19. Cirrus - Stratus - Cumulonimbus - Altostratus
Types of clouds
Mechanical/physical weathering
New moon
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
20. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5
El Nino and La Nina
Block mountains or fold mountains
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
Mechanical/physical weathering
21. Volcanoes can be caused by '____________'; these so - called hotspots - as in Hawaii - can occur far from plate boundaries
The rock cycle
Weight and mass
Limestone
Mantle plumes
22. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth
Latitude
Moon
Crust
Solar radiation
23. Travels in an orbit that is slightly elliptical (oval) - and so the distance from the sun ranges from 91.5 to 94.5 million miles - Its daily rotation deforms the earth to a flattened spheroid - with a polar radius slightly less than the equatorial ra
lower elevation
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
Earth
Longitude
24. The fossiliferous strata record is only the last __% of the earth's history
Law of original horizontality
Why weather occurs
Gravity and inertia
11
25. The atmosphere is a __________ - and so small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole - This makes it difficult to accurately predict weather more than a few days in advance
Cirrus clouds
Chaotic system
Snow packs
Convergent tectonic plates
26. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________
Galactic center
Cirrus clouds
Transform plate movements
Axis tilt
27. Forms over the Tropics and is warm
Convergent plate movements
Tropical air
Why weather occurs
The earth's structure
28. Large - scale movements of the earth's lithosphere - - The theory encompasses the older concepts of continental drift (first half of 20th century) and seafloor spreading (1960s)
Plate tectonics
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
Precipitation
Short - period comets
29. Some isolated mountains were produced by volcanoes - including many apparently ________ that reach a great height above the ocean floor
Weight and mass
Parallax
Smaller regions of the oceans
Small islands
30. The movement (carrying away or displacement) of solids (sediment - soil - rock - and other particles) - usually by the agents of currents such as wind - water - or ice by downward or down - slope movement in response to gravity
Metamorphic rocks
El Nino
11
Erosion
31. Method of using the present to interpret the past - Processes occurring today are observed carefully and their effects are measured - Then - geologists assume that similar effects in ancient rocks were caused by processes similar to those of the pres
Comet nuclei
Uniformitarianism
World/global ocean
Galaxies
32. Texture is important in classifying ______ sedimentary rocks
Density
Hydrologic cycle
Clastic
Comet
33. Seasons are marked by changes in the amount of sunlight - which in turn often cause cycles of dormancy in plants and hibernation in animals - These effects vary with latitude and with proximity to bodies of water
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
Law of superposition
Orogenic zones
Deserts
34. Natural chemical compounds that are the crystals that make up rocks - Each has a specific composition or narrow range of composition
Minerals
Hydrologic concepts
Surface temperature
Styles of rock deformation
35. How much matter is in the object
Erosion
Continental air
Mineral color
Density
36. Spiral - elliptical - and irregular form are speckled throughout the visible universe - Largest telescope has detected galaxies to its limit of several billion light - years
Geology
Opposite seasons
Neap tide/neaps
Types of galaxies
37. The movement of rainwater as it filters through soil and rocks into the ground - becoming groundwater
Percolation
Standard time zones
Density
Cleavage
38. Bodies similar to the sun but immensely distant - Closest stars are 4 light - years away
larger planet
Transform plate movements
California coast
Stars
39. Comprised of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle - broken up into tectonic plates (7 major and many minor) - ride on the asthenosphere
Comet nuclei
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Lithosphere
Erosion and land use
40. Loose collections of ice - dust - and small rocky particles - measuring a few kilometers or tens of kilometers across
Estuary
Comet nuclei
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
Mineral color
41. Forms over land and is associated with dry air
Ways magma can form
Neap tide/neaps
Continental air
Climate
42. Divided into two main types: large - low- density gas giants and smaller - rocky terrestrials - There are at least 341 identified _______ - 8 of which are in the Solar System
Types of clouds
Evaporation
Planets
clouds
43. This upslope wind is called a...
Valley breeze
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
lower
3/4
44. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000
Gravity and inertia
La Nina
Weathering
Photosphere
45. Refers to the long - term weather patterns of a large geographical area and takes into account temperature - humidity - and precipitation
Distance
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Climate
Types of clouds
46. Large - dark clouds that indicate thunderstorms
Solar wind
Subduction zones
Semidiurnal
Cumulonibus clouds
47. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal
Cleavage
Orogenic zones
Semidiurnal
Maritime air
48. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration
Petroleum exploration
Transpiration
Transform plate movements
Igneous rocks
49. Defined by geometrically subdividing the earth's spheroid into 24 lunes (wedge - shaped sections) - bordered by meridians - each 15
Standard time zones
Earth's crust
Daylight saving time zones
Rainfall
50. The evaporation of these oceans is how we get most of our __________ - and their temperature determines our climate and wind patterns
The Gulf - Stream
groundwater discharge
Earth
Rainfall