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CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Some infiltration stays close to the land surface and can seep back into surface - water bodies (and the ocean) as...






2. The movement (carrying away or displacement) of solids (sediment - soil - rock - and other particles) - usually by the agents of currents such as wind - water - or ice by downward or down - slope movement in response to gravity






3. Temperature - pressure - and composition






4. Rising air currents take the vapor up into the atmopshere where cooler temperatures cause it to condense into ____






5. Occur when two plates pull away from each other - Such faults are generally weak and shallow Example: the Mid - Atlantic Range in the Atlantic Ocean






6. Cirrus - Stratus - Cumulonimbus - Altostratus






7. Characterized by similar temperatures and moisture levels






8. Occur when two plates push together - Such faults are strong and relatively deep - Where the strongest earthquakes occur Example: mountain building in the Himalayas and the Andes






9. Paleontology: Fossil evidence indicates the similarity of fossils on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean - Continental 'jigsaw puzzle': The outlines of the continents seem to fit together






10. Largest zone of the planet (68%); crystalline silicates - rich in magnesium - calcium - and iron; very hot and mainly solid - but local melting to magma is the source of volcanic eruptions






11. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the






12. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th






13. The Pacific Ring of Fire has examples of volcanoes caused by ___________ coming together






14. The transformation of water from liquid to gas phases as it moves from the ground or bodies of water into the overlying atmosphere






15. Different visual appearance; when discovered - comets show a perceptible coma while asteroids do not






16. The process in which one type of rock changes into another






17. An individual weighing 200 lbs on Earth would weigh more on a _______________ - Weight is a function of gravity






18. The rising of the earth's ocean surface caused by the tidal forces of the moon and the sun acting on the oceans






19. Two types of mountains are formed - depending on how the rock reacts to the tectonic forces






20. (or summer time zones) include an offset (typically +1 hour) for daylight saving time






21. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals (also known as biological weathering)






22. The motive force behind land breezes and sea/lake breezes - also known as on - or off - shore winds - Land absorbs and radiates heat faster than water - but water releases heat over a longer period of time






23. Occur when two plates slip past each other - Such faults are generally moderate and are relatively shallow Example: The San Andreas Fault






24. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e






25. Sometimes called minor planets or planetoids - Bodies






26. A land form that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area - with a peak - Usually produced by the movement of lithospheric plates






27. Gas giants Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus and Neptune have diameters far larger than Earth's and have far greater masses






28. Spiral - elliptical - and irregular form are speckled throughout the visible universe - Largest telescope has detected galaxies to its limit of several billion light - years






29. The resulting dust layer would act as a shield - blocking out much of the sun's rays - This would result in lower global temperatures and a general _____ of the earth






30. Runoff and groundwater are stored as ________ in lakes






31. Water transpired from plants and evaporated from the soil






32. Two feldspars (orthoclase and plagioclase) - quartz - olivine - and augite - These five minerals are silicates - built from interlocking silicon and oxygen atoms






33. Some precipitation falls as ____ and can accumulate as ice caps and glaciers - which can store water for thousands of years






34. Pulls the planets toward the sun - while their inertia keeps them moving forward in an elliptical orbit around the sun

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35. Large - scale movements of the earth's lithosphere - - The theory encompasses the older concepts of continental drift (first half of 20th century) and seafloor spreading (1960s)






36. Comprised of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle - broken up into tectonic plates (7 major and many minor) - ride on the asthenosphere






37. Texture is important in classifying ______ sedimentary rocks






38. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans






39. Form when magma or lava cools and solidifies - Depending on the rate of cooling - can contain visible crystals - while others can appear glassy






40. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog






41. Earth movements - The result of forces within the earth - where temperature and pressure differences lead to instability






42. Hotspot volcanoes are also found elsewhere in the Solar System - especially on...






43. This upslope wind is called a...






44. Scientists theorize that massive volcanic eruptions on a global scale contributed to the earth's cooling - resulting in the onset of the...






45. Maritime polar (wet - cold air)






46. Take up about 1/3 of the earth's land surface - many are formed by rain shadows - Usually have a large diurnal (day) and seasonal temperature range - with high daytime temperatures






47. The evaporation of these oceans is how we get most of our __________ - and their temperature determines our climate and wind patterns






48. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes






49. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths






50. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)







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