Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An individual weighing 200 lbs on Earth would weigh more on a _______________ - Weight is a function of gravity






2. The cold - water current that flows north to south off the _____________ keeps the West Coast fairly cool during the summer - Cold - water currents create cooler temperatures in areas that would otherwise be much warmer






3. Travels in an orbit that is slightly elliptical (oval) - and so the distance from the sun ranges from 91.5 to 94.5 million miles - Its daily rotation deforms the earth to a flattened spheroid - with a polar radius slightly less than the equatorial ra






4. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the same area - Atlanta tropical cyclone activity is generally enhanced during La Nina - Often follows the El Nino - especially when the latter is strong






5. Ancient astronomers found that eclipses occurred periodically and learned to predict them accurately - Lunar and solar






6. The strong temperature contrast between polar and tropical air gives rise to the ________






7. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...






8. Forms south of the Arctic and is cold






9. Affected by factors such as weathering and impurities






10. Forms over the Tropics and is warm






11. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler

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12. Comprises one global - interconnected body of salt water often (though generally recognized as several separate oceans) - A continuous body of water with relatively free interchange among its parts






13. Occurs when the moon sets at sunset - Then the moon is between the earth and the sun - so we see only the dark half of the moon






14. Some infiltration stays close to the land surface and can seep back into surface - water bodies (and the ocean) as...






15. Large - scale movements of the earth's lithosphere - - The theory encompasses the older concepts of continental drift (first half of 20th century) and seafloor spreading (1960s)






16. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate






17. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog






18. Further caused by the elliptical orbit of the earth - Earth reaches perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the sun) in January - and it reaches aphelion (farthest point from the sun) in July - Also depend on factors such as proximity to oceans






19. The major mountains tend to occur in __________ - indicating tectonic plate boundaries and activity






20. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms






21. Form when magma or lava cools and solidifies - Depending on the rate of cooling - can contain visible crystals - while others can appear glassy






22. Earth movements - The result of forces within the earth - where temperature and pressure differences lead to instability






23. Gas giants Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus and Neptune have diameters far larger than Earth's and have far greater masses






24. 186000 miles/second






25. A natural flow of water - usually freshwater - traveling toward an ocean - a lake - or another stream






26. Huge systems of stars - Milky Way is estimated to have 100 billion stars arranged in a great disk






27. Two types of mountains are formed - depending on how the rock reacts to the tectonic forces






28. Cause pressure differences - A hot surface heats the air above it and the air expands - lowering the air pressure and its density






29. Bbreaking along flat surfaces






30. The flow of water underground - in the vadose zone and aquifers - Subsurface water may return to the surface (as a spring or by being pumped) or eventually seep into the oceans






31. Occurs at the instant when the sun's position in the sky is at its greatest angular distance on the other side of the equatorial plane from the observer's hemisphere - Depending on the shift of the calendar - the winter solstice occurs some time betw






32. Maritime tropical (wet - warm air)






33. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert






34. A semi - closed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it - and with a free connection to the open sea - Often associated with high levels of biological diversity - They are made up of brackish water - Often given names






35. Igneous rock that forms on the earth's surface - Examples obsidian - basalt - and pumice






36. Some groundwater finds openings in the land surface and emerges as...






37. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e






38. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures






39. Occur when two plates push together - Such faults are strong and relatively deep - Where the strongest earthquakes occur Example: mountain building in the Himalayas and the Andes






40. The tendency of a moving object to stay in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place - Without _______ - a planet would be pulled into the sun






41. Center: 3000

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42. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years






43. The strength of gravity in our solar system depends on both the masses of the celestial objects and the _______ between them






44. Scientists theorize that massive volcanic eruptions on a global scale contributed to the earth's cooling - resulting in the onset of the...






45. The layers of sediment deposited in a quiet environment - Common sites of deposition are lakes - deltas at the mouths of rivers - beaches and sandbars along the coast - and (most important) the marine environment






46. Hotspot volcanoes are also found elsewhere in the Solar System - especially on...






47. Due to a combination of differential heating and geometry - hen the sun rises - it is the tops of the mountain peaks which receive first light - and as the day progresses - the mountain slopes take on a greater heat load than the valleys - This resul






48. Occur when two plates pull away from each other - Such faults are generally weak and shallow Example: the Mid - Atlantic Range in the Atlantic Ocean






49. Runoff and groundwater are stored as ________ in lakes






50. The science that describes and interprets the earth Fields: - Geomorphology (land forms) - Petrology (rocks) - Stratigraphy (layered rocks) - Paleontology (fossils)