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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Characterized by similar temperatures and moisture levels
Maritime air
Air mass
Photosphere
Erosion and land use
2. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone
Conglomerates
50-100
Time zone
The earth's structure
3. Maritime polar (wet - cold air)
- mP
lower
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Continental air
4. Natural chemical compounds that are the crystals that make up rocks - Each has a specific composition or narrow range of composition
Coral reef
Crust
Minerals
Rain shadow
5. Form when magma or lava cools and solidifies - Depending on the rate of cooling - can contain visible crystals - while others can appear glassy
El Nino and La Nina
Equinoxes
Precipitation
Igneous rocks
6. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e
Block mountains or fold mountains
Tectonic plates
Equinoxes
Small islands
7. How much matter is in the object
Density
Planets
Weather phenomena on earth
Small islands
8. Texture is important in classifying ______ sedimentary rocks
Maritime air
Sun
El Nino and La Nina
Clastic
9. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)
- mP
Troposhere
Neap tide/neaps
Law of original horizontality
10. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures
Continental air
Troposhere
lower elevation
Semidiurnal
11. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate
Sedimentary rocks
Metamorphic rocks
Andromeda galaxy
Sun's gravity
12. Deviates by an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees - Thus - at any given time during summer or winter - one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the sun - This exposure alternates as the earth revolves in its orbit
Moon
Axis tilt
Precipitation
Speed of light
13. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the same area - Atlanta tropical cyclone activity is generally enhanced during La Nina - Often follows the El Nino - especially when the latter is strong
Erosion
Rocky planets and moons
La Nina
New moon
14. The North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean - and thus its temperature extremes are buffered by the water - The result is that the South Pole is consistently _______ during the southern winter than the North Pole during the northern winter
Snow packs
New moon
50-100
Colder
15. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics
groundwater discharge
The geological time scale
Precipitation
Why weather occurs
16. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration
Snowmelt
Transpiration
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Mechanical/physical weathering
17. Around a new or full moon - when the sun - moon - and the earth form a line - the tidal forces due to the sun reinforce those of the moon - The tide's range is at a maximum and is called a spring tide (spring as in 'to jump/leap -' not the season)
Spring tide
jet stream
The big bang theory of cosmology
Hydrologic cycle
18. (in descending order of size) the Pacific Ocean - the Atlantic Ocean - the Indian Ocean - the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean
River
Major oceans
Mantle plumes
- mP
19. Large - dark clouds that indicate thunderstorms
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Cumulonibus clouds
Evapotranspiration
Tectonic plates
20. Sometimes called minor planets or planetoids - Bodies
Rocky planets and moons
Asteroids
Law of original horizontality
5.6
21. The strength of gravity in our solar system depends on both the masses of the celestial objects and the _______ between them
The geological time scale
Distance
Galactic center
freshwater
22. The transformation of water from liquid to gas phases as it moves from the ground or bodies of water into the overlying atmosphere
Full moon
Evaporation
clouds
Geology
23. Refers to the long - term weather patterns of a large geographical area and takes into account temperature - humidity - and precipitation
Mantle plumes
Surface temperature differences
lower
Climate
24. Paleontology: Fossil evidence indicates the similarity of fossils on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean - Continental 'jigsaw puzzle': The outlines of the continents seem to fit together
Examples to support Continental drift theory
Solar System
Mountain
aquifers
25. Volcanoes are also found in __________ - where the denser oceanic plates are forced under continental plates; this adds massive volumes of water to the mantle - allowing magma to melt more readily and rise to the surface to form volcanoes
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
Continental drift
The Gulf - Stream
Subduction zones
26. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms
Latitude
Erosion
Weather phenomena on earth
The rock cycle
27. The process of chemical or physical breakdown of earth rocks - soils - and their minerals
Weathering
Small islands
The earth's structure
Smaller regions of the oceans
28. Comprises one global - interconnected body of salt water often (though generally recognized as several separate oceans) - A continuous body of water with relatively free interchange among its parts
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
World/global ocean
Andromeda galaxy
lower
29. Defined by geometrically subdividing the earth's spheroid into 24 lunes (wedge - shaped sections) - bordered by meridians - each 15
The Gulf - Stream
Standard time zones
Climate
Mechanical/physical weathering
30. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon
Weather phenomena on earth
Mid - oceanic ridge
Estuary
46%
31. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth
Moon
- cP
Snow packs
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
32. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted
Runoff
World/global ocean
clouds
Daylight saving time zones
33. The process in which one type of rock changes into another
Equinoxes
The rock cycle
larger planet
Petroleum exploration
34. Different visual appearance; when discovered - comets show a perceptible coma while asteroids do not
Surface ocean temperature
Spring tide
The distinction between asteroids and comets
aquifers
35. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5
El Nino and La Nina
Surface ocean currents
Solar radiation
Meteorology
36. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans
larger planet
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Nuclear fusion
Mountain
37. An individual weighing 200 lbs on Earth would weigh more on a _______________ - Weight is a function of gravity
aquifers
Conglomerates
Divergent plate movements
larger planet
38. Faulting and folding
aquifers
Styles of rock deformation
Earth
Opposite seasons
39. The rising of the earth's ocean surface caused by the tidal forces of the moon and the sun acting on the oceans
Tides
Meteorology
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
The rock cycle
40. Erosion in many places is increased by human land use - Poor land - use practices include deforestation - overgrazing - unmanaged construction activity - and road building
Orogenic zones
Erosion and land use
Mineral color
Tropical air
41. Spiral - elliptical - and irregular form are speckled throughout the visible universe - Largest telescope has detected galaxies to its limit of several billion light - years
Full moon
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
Ice Age
Types of galaxies
42. Divided into two main types: large - low- density gas giants and smaller - rocky terrestrials - There are at least 341 identified _______ - 8 of which are in the Solar System
Pacific Ring of Fire
Planets
- mT
Equinoxes
43. Not all runoff flows into rivers; much of it infiltrates into the ground through...
Surface temperature differences
Equinoxes
3/4
percolation
44. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the
Distance
Seasons
Hydrologic cycle
Orogenic zones
45. The cold - water current that flows north to south off the _____________ keeps the West Coast fairly cool during the summer - Cold - water currents create cooler temperatures in areas that would otherwise be much warmer
Mountain
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
California coast
Pacific Ring of Fire
46. The outermost part of the earth's interior is made up of two layers...
Sun
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Fossils
3/4
47. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic
Mohs' scale of hardness
Pacific Ring of Fire
Surface temperature
Block mountains or fold mountains
48. Occurs when the moon sets at sunset - Then the moon is between the earth and the sun - so we see only the dark half of the moon
Types of clouds
Rainfall
Extrusive
New moon
49. Runoff and groundwater are stored as ________ in lakes
Cirrus clouds
Igneous rocks
Evaporation
freshwater
50. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog
Major oceans
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Condensation
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