Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A warm - water current that carries warm water from the Tropics to the Arctic regions of the North Atlantic Ocean - This accounts for higher temperatures and higher humidity on the Eastern Seaboard during the summer






2. Gas giants Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus and Neptune have diameters far larger than Earth's and have far greater masses






3. The movement of rainwater as it filters through soil and rocks into the ground - becoming groundwater






4. Cause pressure differences - A hot surface heats the air above it and the air expands - lowering the air pressure and its density






5. Typically the tidal mouths of rivers and are often characterized by _____________ or silt carried in from terrestrial runoff - frequently from offshore






6. The science that describes and interprets the earth Fields: - Geomorphology (land forms) - Petrology (rocks) - Stratigraphy (layered rocks) - Paleontology (fossils)






7. Natural chemical compounds that are the crystals that make up rocks - Each has a specific composition or narrow range of composition






8. Cirrus - Stratus - Cumulonimbus - Altostratus






9. The farther from the tropics you are positioned - the ________ the angle of the sun - This causes those locations to be cooler due to the indirect sunlight






10. The major mountains tend to occur in __________ - indicating tectonic plate boundaries and activity






11. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes






12. Occur when two plates pull away from each other - Such faults are generally weak and shallow Example: the Mid - Atlantic Range in the Atlantic Ocean






13. Center: 3000

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14. The best determiner of climate - as it is consistently and directly correlated with temperature - other factors: Rain shadows - as well as water currents - elevation and so forth






15. Two feldspars (orthoclase and plagioclase) - quartz - olivine - and augite - These five minerals are silicates - built from interlocking silicon and oxygen atoms






16. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000






17. Ancient astronomers found that eclipses occurred periodically and learned to predict them accurately - Lunar and solar






18. Volcanoes can be caused by '____________'; these so - called hotspots - as in Hawaii - can occur far from plate boundaries






19. Some infiltration stays close to the land surface and can seep back into surface - water bodies (and the ocean) as...






20. The precipitation that is intercepted by plant foliage and eventually evaporates back to the atmosphere rather than falling to the ground






21. The earth is believed to be about ___ billion years old






22. A semi - closed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it - and with a free connection to the open sea - Often associated with high levels of biological diversity - They are made up of brackish water - Often given names






23. Stars with the highest ___________ appear blue - while stars with the lowest surface temperature appear red






24. Travels in an orbit that is slightly elliptical (oval) - and so the distance from the sun ranges from 91.5 to 94.5 million miles - Its daily rotation deforms the earth to a flattened spheroid - with a polar radius slightly less than the equatorial ra






25. Oceans cover __ of the earth's surface






26. A huge ball of incandescent gases - Its mass is more than 300000 times that of the earth - Principal constituents are the lightest elements - hydrogen and helium






27. Loose collections of ice - dust - and small rocky particles - measuring a few kilometers or tens of kilometers across






28. Erosion in many places is increased by human land use - Poor land - use practices include deforestation - overgrazing - unmanaged construction activity - and road building






29. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an






30. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years






31. When the moon is at first quarter or third quarter - the sun - earth and moon form a 90- degree (right) angle with the earth at the vertex - The combined effect of this alignment of the sun - earth - and moon results in tidal ranges on the earth - Wh






32. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune






33. The fossiliferous strata record is only the last __% of the earth's history






34. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)






35. The process in which one type of rock changes into another






36. The degrees north or south of the equator






37. Volcanoes are also found in __________ - where the denser oceanic plates are forced under continental plates; this adds massive volumes of water to the mantle - allowing magma to melt more readily and rise to the surface to form volcanoes






38. Continental polar (dry - cold air)






39. Sun heats water in the oceans - Water evaporates as vapor into the air - Ice and snow can sublimate directly into water vapor...- Over time - the water reenters the ocean - where the water cycle started






40. The tendency of a moving object to stay in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place - Without _______ - a planet would be pulled into the sun






41. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods






42. Not all runoff flows into rivers; much of it infiltrates into the ground through...






43. Take up about 1/3 of the earth's land surface - many are formed by rain shadows - Usually have a large diurnal (day) and seasonal temperature range - with high daytime temperatures






44. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone






45. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away






46. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert






47. Occurs at the instant when the sun's position in the sky is at its greatest angular distance on the other side of the equatorial plane from the observer's hemisphere - Depending on the shift of the calendar - the winter solstice occurs some time betw






48. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________






49. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms






50. The source of energy for evaporation is primarily through ___________