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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Some groundwater finds openings in the land surface and emerges as...
Runoff
Deserts
Igneous rocks
freshwater springs
2. A major determiner of coastal climate
Surface ocean temperature
Weathering
Continental air
Earth's crust
3. This upslope wind is called a...
Rain shadow
precipitation
Intrusive
Valley breeze
4. Seas - gulfs - bays - and other names
Smaller regions of the oceans
Precipitation
Planets
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
5. Bbreaking along flat surfaces
Earth
Valley breeze
La Nina
Cleavage
6. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e
Troposhere
Small islands
Equinoxes
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
7. (in descending order of size) the Pacific Ocean - the Atlantic Ocean - the Indian Ocean - the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean
Major oceans
Meteorology
freshwater springs
The rock cycle
8. Occurs at the instant when the sun's position in the sky is at its greatest angular distance on the other side of the equatorial plane from the observer's hemisphere - Depending on the shift of the calendar - the winter solstice occurs some time betw
Intrusive
Block mountains or fold mountains
Photosphere
Winter solstice
9. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p
Volcano
Speed of light
Styles of rock deformation
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
10. Faulting and folding
Rain shadow
Styles of rock deformation
Asteroids
Semidiurnal or diurnal
11. Huge systems of stars - Milky Way is estimated to have 100 billion stars arranged in a great disk
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
moisture
aquifers
Galaxies
12. Center: 3000
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13. Occur when two plates push together - Such faults are strong and relatively deep - Where the strongest earthquakes occur Example: mountain building in the Himalayas and the Andes
Styles of rock deformation
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
Convergent plate movements
14. The flow of water underground - in the vadose zone and aquifers - Subsurface water may return to the surface (as a spring or by being pumped) or eventually seep into the oceans
Full moon
Solar eclipse
Subsurface flow
Winter solstice
15. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________
Galactic center
10000
River
15
16. The tendency of a moving object to stay in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place - Without _______ - a planet would be pulled into the sun
Inertia
Long linear arcs
Clastic
Daylight saving time zones
17. The movement of rainwater as it filters through soil and rocks into the ground - becoming groundwater
Spring tide
Valley breeze
Transpiration
Percolation
18. Erosion in many places is increased by human land use - Poor land - use practices include deforestation - overgrazing - unmanaged construction activity - and road building
Pacific Ring of Fire
Erosion and land use
percolation
Weight and mass
19. The science that describes and interprets the earth Fields: - Geomorphology (land forms) - Petrology (rocks) - Stratigraphy (layered rocks) - Paleontology (fossils)
Sedimentary rocks
Distance
Geology
moisture
20. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures
lower elevation
Evapotranspiration
Ice Age
Tidal range
21. The cold - water current that flows north to south off the _____________ keeps the West Coast fairly cool during the summer - Cold - water currents create cooler temperatures in areas that would otherwise be much warmer
California coast
Climate
precipitation
Longitude
22. 1 hour of time
15
Distance
moisture
Law of original horizontality
23. Maritime tropical (wet - warm air)
Extrusive
Mantle
Latitude
- mT
24. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone
Conglomerates
Mineral color
larger planet
Hydrologic cycle
25. One tidal cycle per day
Mountain
Diurnal
Troposhere
Weathering
26. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through direct contact with atmospheric conditions such as heat - water - ice - and pressure
jet stream
Long linear arcs
Mechanical/physical weathering
Winter solstice
27. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes
California coast
Crust
Divergent plate movements
Speed of light
28. Loose collections of ice - dust - and small rocky particles - measuring a few kilometers or tens of kilometers across
Nuclear fusion
Solar radiation
Surface ocean temperature
Comet nuclei
29. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line
Air mass
Gravity and inertia
Chemical weathering
3/4
30. Most sediments were deposited in beds that were originally horizontal - and any tilting is due to later earth movements
50-100
Estuary
Law of original horizontality
Standard time zones
31. Can thaw and melt - and the ensuing water flows overland as snowmelt
Snow packs
Equinoxes
Solar radiation
Lithosphere
32. The process in which one type of rock changes into another
Convergent tectonic plates
11
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
The rock cycle
33. The precipitation that is intercepted by plant foliage and eventually evaporates back to the atmosphere rather than falling to the ground
Ways magma can form
Conglomerates
Earth's crust
Canopy interception
34. Air currents move clouds around the globe and cloud particles collide - grow - and fall out of the sky as ________ - Most of it falls back into the oceans or onto land - where the precipitation flows over the ground as surface runoff - portion of run
Long linear arcs
precipitation
Stars
Extrusive
35. On maps - the characteristics of an air mass are represented by two letters: The lowercase letter represents ________ - and the uppercase letter represents temperature
Tides
Lithosphere
Transform plate movements
moisture
36. Sun heats water in the oceans - Water evaporates as vapor into the air - Ice and snow can sublimate directly into water vapor...- Over time - the water reenters the ocean - where the water cycle started
Surface temperature
- cT
Mantle
Hydrologic cycle
37. Travels in an orbit that is slightly elliptical (oval) - and so the distance from the sun ranges from 91.5 to 94.5 million miles - Its daily rotation deforms the earth to a flattened spheroid - with a polar radius slightly less than the equatorial ra
Seasons
Winter solstice
Earth
Soil
38. 186000 miles/second
Minerals
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
Speed of light
cooling
39. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Snowmelt
Rain shadow
Stars
40. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate
Soil
Metamorphic rocks
Erosion and land use
Daylight saving time zones
41. The degrees north or south of the equator
Latitude
Cirrus clouds
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Subsurface flow
42. Condensed water vapor that falls to the earth's surface - Most precipitation occurs as rain - but also includes snow - hail - fog drip - graupel - and sleet
Precipitation
California coast
Ice Age
Crustal rocks
43. The transformation of water from liquid to gas phases as it moves from the ground or bodies of water into the overlying atmosphere
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Evaporation
Tropical air
cooling
44. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an
Geology
Sedimentary rocks
Weight and mass
- cT
45. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed
Latitude
Mountain
Full moon
The geological time scale
46. The rising of the earth's ocean surface caused by the tidal forces of the moon and the sun acting on the oceans
Conglomerates
New moon
Earth
Tides
47. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away
Intrusive
moisture
3/4
Andromeda galaxy
48. Smooth layers of low clouds that indicate a chance of drizzle or snow
Stars
Galactic center
Stratus clouds
Deserts
49. A continuous drill would find gas - oil - and water in that order - The three substances occur in their order of density - with the lightest substance on top and the heaviest on the bottom
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Condensation
groundwater discharge
Petroleum exploration
50. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune
Gravity and inertia
Short - period comets
Eclipses
Rain shadow