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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Take up about 1/3 of the earth's land surface - many are formed by rain shadows - Usually have a large diurnal (day) and seasonal temperature range - with high daytime temperatures
Small islands
5.6
Rock salt
Deserts
2. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures
Axis tilt
lower elevation
Intrusive
Galactic center
3. The process of chemical or physical breakdown of earth rocks - soils - and their minerals
Weathering
Galactic center
Venus
El Nino and La Nina
4. The flow of water underground - in the vadose zone and aquifers - Subsurface water may return to the surface (as a spring or by being pumped) or eventually seep into the oceans
Chemical weathering
Subsurface flow
precipitation
Asteroids
5. Oceans cover __ of the earth's surface
Rain shadow
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
3/4
The most abundant minerals in the crust
6. Bbreaking along flat surfaces
Surface temperature
Cleavage
Divergent plate movements
Full moon
7. The movement of rainwater as it filters through soil and rocks into the ground - becoming groundwater
Percolation
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
Geology
Comet nuclei
8. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods
Winter solstice
Comet
Diurnal
Comet nuclei
9. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes
- mT
Crust
Nuclear fusion
clouds
10. The layers of sediment deposited in a quiet environment - Common sites of deposition are lakes - deltas at the mouths of rivers - beaches and sandbars along the coast - and (most important) the marine environment
Weather phenomena on earth
Conglomerates
Surface temperature
Strata
11. 186000 miles/second
freshwater springs
Weight and mass
Speed of light
The equator
12. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted
Sedimentary rocks
Stratus clouds
5.6
Runoff
13. Tides may be...
Planets
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Comet nuclei
The big bang theory of cosmology
14. The earth is believed to be about ___ billion years old
Neap tide/neaps
5.6
Surface ocean currents
Comet
15. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________
Galactic center
World/global ocean
Estuary
Long - period comets
16. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun
El Nino
Coral reef
Conglomerates
Parallax
17. Bodies similar to the sun but immensely distant - Closest stars are 4 light - years away
Stars
Petroleum exploration
Gravity and inertia
freshwater springs
18. Further caused by the elliptical orbit of the earth - Earth reaches perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the sun) in January - and it reaches aphelion (farthest point from the sun) in July - Also depend on factors such as proximity to oceans
Clastic
Major oceans
Petroleum exploration
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
19. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e
Equinoxes
lower elevation
Tectonic plates
Meteorology
20. Forms south of the Arctic and is cold
Mechanical/physical weathering
Ways magma can form
Polar air
The geological time scale
21. The North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean - and thus its temperature extremes are buffered by the water - The result is that the South Pole is consistently _______ during the southern winter than the North Pole during the northern winter
15
Colder
Solar eclipse
Troposhere
22. Smooth layers of low clouds that indicate a chance of drizzle or snow
World/global ocean
Tides
precipitation
Stratus clouds
23. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift
aquifers
Inertia
Coral reef
Orogenic zones
24. There are approx. _____ days between each lunar cycle
Lunar eclipse
29.5
- mT
Rain shadow
25. When the moon is at first quarter or third quarter - the sun - earth and moon form a 90- degree (right) angle with the earth at the vertex - The combined effect of this alignment of the sun - earth - and moon results in tidal ranges on the earth - Wh
- mP
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
Ways magma can form
Neap tide/neaps
26. The movement (carrying away or displacement) of solids (sediment - soil - rock - and other particles) - usually by the agents of currents such as wind - water - or ice by downward or down - slope movement in response to gravity
Geology
Erosion
Time zone
Plate tectonics
27. One tidal cycle per day
Crustal rocks
Earth's crust
The rock cycle
Diurnal
28. A natural flow of water - usually freshwater - traveling toward an ocean - a lake - or another stream
The equator
Solar System
River
Longitude
29. Occurs at the instant when the sun's position in the sky is at its greatest angular distance on the other side of the equatorial plane from the observer's hemisphere - Depending on the shift of the calendar - the winter solstice occurs some time betw
Smaller regions of the oceans
Meteorology
Convergent tectonic plates
Winter solstice
30. After the moon has waxed through crescent - quarter - and gibbous phases - a ________ appears - At that time - the moon rises at sunset - and we see all of its illuminated side - Then the phase wanes gradually to another new moon
Differential heating
Long linear arcs
Full moon
Winter solstice
31. Some precipitation falls as ____ and can accumulate as ice caps and glaciers - which can store water for thousands of years
Equinoxes
Speed of light
snow
The most abundant minerals in the crust
32. A land form that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area - with a peak - Usually produced by the movement of lithospheric plates
Groundwater
Precipitation
Mountain
Law of superposition
33. Ancient astronomers found that eclipses occurred periodically and learned to predict them accurately - Lunar and solar
Scratch test
Eclipses
Latitude
46%
34. Cirrus - Stratus - Cumulonimbus - Altostratus
freshwater
Convergent plate movements
Types of clouds
Hydrologic concepts
35. 1 hour of time
Percolation
Orogenic zones
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
15
36. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed
The geological time scale
New moon
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
Pacific Ring of Fire
37. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years
Subsurface flow
10000
Chemical weathering
- mP
38. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away
Andromeda galaxy
La Nina
Snowmelt
The equator
39. Stars with the highest ___________ appear blue - while stars with the lowest surface temperature appear red
Surface temperature
The geological time scale
Sedimentation
Erosion and land use
40. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...
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42. Volcanoes are generally found where ________ are diverging or converging
Condensation
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Tectonic plates
Why weather occurs
43. Forms over the Tropics and is warm
Tropical air
Surface temperature differences
Galactic center
Axis tilt
44. The lateral movement of the plates is typically at speeds of ___ mm annually
Time zone
Weather phenomena on earth
50-100
Standard time zones
45. Paleontology: Fossil evidence indicates the similarity of fossils on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean - Continental 'jigsaw puzzle': The outlines of the continents seem to fit together
50-100
Examples to support Continental drift theory
Canopy interception
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
46. Takes approx. seven and a half earth months to revolve around the sun - Takes approx. eight earth months to rotate on its axis - a day on ________ is longer than a year
Venus
clouds
Erosion
Clastic
47. The precipitation that is intercepted by plant foliage and eventually evaporates back to the atmosphere rather than falling to the ground
Subduction zones
- cP
El Nino
Canopy interception
48. The motive force behind land breezes and sea/lake breezes - also known as on - or off - shore winds - Land absorbs and radiates heat faster than water - but water releases heat over a longer period of time
Condensation
Differential heating
Meteorology
Geology
49. Traces of ancient life preserved in the strata as shells - footprints - and the like - Soft plant and animal tissues decompose quickly in the presence of decay bacteria - which exist wherever oxygen exists
Fossils
Why weather occurs
Condensation
Speed of light
50. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through direct contact with atmospheric conditions such as heat - water - ice - and pressure
Chemical weathering
46%
Deserts
Mechanical/physical weathering