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CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Characterized by similar temperatures and moisture levels






2. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone






3. Maritime polar (wet - cold air)






4. Natural chemical compounds that are the crystals that make up rocks - Each has a specific composition or narrow range of composition






5. Form when magma or lava cools and solidifies - Depending on the rate of cooling - can contain visible crystals - while others can appear glassy






6. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e






7. How much matter is in the object






8. Texture is important in classifying ______ sedimentary rocks






9. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)






10. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures






11. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate






12. Deviates by an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees - Thus - at any given time during summer or winter - one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the sun - This exposure alternates as the earth revolves in its orbit






13. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the same area - Atlanta tropical cyclone activity is generally enhanced during La Nina - Often follows the El Nino - especially when the latter is strong






14. The North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean - and thus its temperature extremes are buffered by the water - The result is that the South Pole is consistently _______ during the southern winter than the North Pole during the northern winter






15. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics






16. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration






17. Around a new or full moon - when the sun - moon - and the earth form a line - the tidal forces due to the sun reinforce those of the moon - The tide's range is at a maximum and is called a spring tide (spring as in 'to jump/leap -' not the season)






18. (in descending order of size) the Pacific Ocean - the Atlantic Ocean - the Indian Ocean - the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean






19. Large - dark clouds that indicate thunderstorms






20. Sometimes called minor planets or planetoids - Bodies






21. The strength of gravity in our solar system depends on both the masses of the celestial objects and the _______ between them






22. The transformation of water from liquid to gas phases as it moves from the ground or bodies of water into the overlying atmosphere






23. Refers to the long - term weather patterns of a large geographical area and takes into account temperature - humidity - and precipitation






24. Paleontology: Fossil evidence indicates the similarity of fossils on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean - Continental 'jigsaw puzzle': The outlines of the continents seem to fit together






25. Volcanoes are also found in __________ - where the denser oceanic plates are forced under continental plates; this adds massive volumes of water to the mantle - allowing magma to melt more readily and rise to the surface to form volcanoes






26. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms






27. The process of chemical or physical breakdown of earth rocks - soils - and their minerals






28. Comprises one global - interconnected body of salt water often (though generally recognized as several separate oceans) - A continuous body of water with relatively free interchange among its parts






29. Defined by geometrically subdividing the earth's spheroid into 24 lunes (wedge - shaped sections) - bordered by meridians - each 15






30. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon






31. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth






32. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted






33. The process in which one type of rock changes into another






34. Different visual appearance; when discovered - comets show a perceptible coma while asteroids do not






35. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5






36. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans






37. An individual weighing 200 lbs on Earth would weigh more on a _______________ - Weight is a function of gravity






38. Faulting and folding






39. The rising of the earth's ocean surface caused by the tidal forces of the moon and the sun acting on the oceans






40. Erosion in many places is increased by human land use - Poor land - use practices include deforestation - overgrazing - unmanaged construction activity - and road building






41. Spiral - elliptical - and irregular form are speckled throughout the visible universe - Largest telescope has detected galaxies to its limit of several billion light - years






42. Divided into two main types: large - low- density gas giants and smaller - rocky terrestrials - There are at least 341 identified _______ - 8 of which are in the Solar System






43. Not all runoff flows into rivers; much of it infiltrates into the ground through...






44. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the






45. The cold - water current that flows north to south off the _____________ keeps the West Coast fairly cool during the summer - Cold - water currents create cooler temperatures in areas that would otherwise be much warmer






46. The outermost part of the earth's interior is made up of two layers...






47. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic






48. Occurs when the moon sets at sunset - Then the moon is between the earth and the sun - so we see only the dark half of the moon






49. Runoff and groundwater are stored as ________ in lakes






50. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog







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