Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Large - scale movements of the earth's lithosphere - - The theory encompasses the older concepts of continental drift (first half of 20th century) and seafloor spreading (1960s)






2. Test the item against materials of known hardness; for example - use your fingernail or the graphite in a pencil to attempt to scratch the items. This process should result in assigning a relative hardness to the unknown items.






3. Condensed water vapor that falls to the earth's surface - Most precipitation occurs as rain - but also includes snow - hail - fog drip - graupel - and sleet






4. Sometimes called minor planets or planetoids - Bodies






5. Huge systems of stars - Milky Way is estimated to have 100 billion stars arranged in a great disk






6. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an






7. Theory that the earth's continents were originally united as a supercontinent - Pangaea - Established by Alfred Wegener in the early 1900s






8. Two types of mountains are formed - depending on how the rock reacts to the tectonic forces






9. A major determiner of coastal climate






10. Ancient astronomers found that eclipses occurred periodically and learned to predict them accurately - Lunar and solar






11. A huge ball of incandescent gases - Its mass is more than 300000 times that of the earth - Principal constituents are the lightest elements - hydrogen and helium






12. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away






13. Form when magma or lava cools and solidifies - Depending on the rate of cooling - can contain visible crystals - while others can appear glassy






14. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted






15. A region of the earth that has uniform standard time - usually referred to as the local time - divided into standard and daylight saving (or summer)






16. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy






17. Divided into two main types: large - low- density gas giants and smaller - rocky terrestrials - There are at least 341 identified _______ - 8 of which are in the Solar System






18. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic






19. A semi - closed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it - and with a free connection to the open sea - Often associated with high levels of biological diversity - They are made up of brackish water - Often given names






20. Forms south of the Arctic and is cold






21. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth






22. Deviates by an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees - Thus - at any given time during summer or winter - one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the sun - This exposure alternates as the earth revolves in its orbit






23. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...

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24. Believed to originate at a much greater distance from the Sun - in a cloud (the Oort cloud) consisting of debris left over from the condensation of solar nebula - Comets are thrown from the outer planets or nearby stars - or as a result of collisions






25. The resulting dust layer would act as a shield - blocking out much of the sun's rays - This would result in lower global temperatures and a general _____ of the earth






26. Affected by factors such as weathering and impurities






27. Solar Atmosphere is divided into the inner chromosphere with explosive prominences and the outer corona - a glowing halo visible only during a total eclipse - Constantly emitting particles as a...






28. The tendency of a moving object to stay in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place - Without _______ - a planet would be pulled into the sun






29. Traces of ancient life preserved in the strata as shells - footprints - and the like - Soft plant and animal tissues decompose quickly in the presence of decay bacteria - which exist wherever oxygen exists






30. The outermost part of the earth's interior is made up of two layers...






31. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes






32. Maritime polar (wet - cold air)






33. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone






34. The evaporation of these oceans is how we get most of our __________ - and their temperature determines our climate and wind patterns






35. Stars with the highest ___________ appear blue - while stars with the lowest surface temperature appear red






36. Volcanoes are also found in __________ - where the denser oceanic plates are forced under continental plates; this adds massive volumes of water to the mantle - allowing magma to melt more readily and rise to the surface to form volcanoes






37. A ______________ - such as the Mid - Atlantic Ridge - has examples of volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates pulling apart






38. A natural flow of water - usually freshwater - traveling toward an ocean - a lake - or another stream






39. The atmosphere is a __________ - and so small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole - This makes it difficult to accurately predict weather more than a few days in advance






40. The rising of the earth's ocean surface caused by the tidal forces of the moon and the sun acting on the oceans






41. This scale assigns a fixed number to 10 reference materials. Talc (1) is the softest and diamond (10) is the hardest

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42. Forms over water and is associated with wet air






43. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000






44. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune






45. Rising air currents take the vapor up into the atmopshere where cooler temperatures cause it to condense into ____






46. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration






47. The layers of sediment deposited in a quiet environment - Common sites of deposition are lakes - deltas at the mouths of rivers - beaches and sandbars along the coast - and (most important) the marine environment






48. The North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean - and thus its temperature extremes are buffered by the water - The result is that the South Pole is consistently _______ during the southern winter than the North Pole during the northern winter






49. Water transpired from plants and evaporated from the soil






50. The major mountains tend to occur in __________ - indicating tectonic plate boundaries and activity