Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The process in which one type of rock changes into another






2. (or summer time zones) include an offset (typically +1 hour) for daylight saving time






3. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p






4. Defined by geometrically subdividing the earth's spheroid into 24 lunes (wedge - shaped sections) - bordered by meridians - each 15






5. 186000 miles/second






6. Oceans cover __ of the earth's surface






7. Ancient astronomers found that eclipses occurred periodically and learned to predict them accurately - Lunar and solar






8. Hotspot volcanoes are also found elsewhere in the Solar System - especially on...






9. Bodies similar to the sun but immensely distant - Closest stars are 4 light - years away






10. The layers of sediment deposited in a quiet environment - Common sites of deposition are lakes - deltas at the mouths of rivers - beaches and sandbars along the coast - and (most important) the marine environment






11. The farther from the tropics you are positioned - the ________ the angle of the sun - This causes those locations to be cooler due to the indirect sunlight






12. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England






13. The fossiliferous strata record is only the last __% of the earth's history






14. After the moon has waxed through crescent - quarter - and gibbous phases - a ________ appears - At that time - the moon rises at sunset - and we see all of its illuminated side - Then the phase wanes gradually to another new moon






15. The transformation of water from liquid to gas phases as it moves from the ground or bodies of water into the overlying atmosphere






16. Test the item against materials of known hardness; for example - use your fingernail or the graphite in a pencil to attempt to scratch the items. This process should result in assigning a relative hardness to the unknown items.






17. The cold - water current that flows north to south off the _____________ keeps the West Coast fairly cool during the summer - Cold - water currents create cooler temperatures in areas that would otherwise be much warmer






18. 1 hour of time






19. Giant masses of solid rock that float upon the earth's mantle - These plates move in relation to one another at one of three types of plate boundaries...






20. The resulting dust layer would act as a shield - blocking out much of the sun's rays - This would result in lower global temperatures and a general _____ of the earth






21. Further caused by the elliptical orbit of the earth - Earth reaches perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the sun) in January - and it reaches aphelion (farthest point from the sun) in July - Also depend on factors such as proximity to oceans






22. The best determiner of climate - as it is consistently and directly correlated with temperature - other factors: Rain shadows - as well as water currents - elevation and so forth






23. One tidal cycle per day






24. The degrees north or south of the equator






25. Deviates by an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees - Thus - at any given time during summer or winter - one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the sun - This exposure alternates as the earth revolves in its orbit






26. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans






27. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon






28. A ______________ - such as the Mid - Atlantic Ridge - has examples of volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates pulling apart






29. Forms over the Tropics and is warm






30. The strength of gravity in our solar system depends on both the masses of the celestial objects and the _______ between them






31. A warm - water current that carries warm water from the Tropics to the Arctic regions of the North Atlantic Ocean - This accounts for higher temperatures and higher humidity on the Eastern Seaboard during the summer






32. Comprises one global - interconnected body of salt water often (though generally recognized as several separate oceans) - A continuous body of water with relatively free interchange among its parts






33. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an






34. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler

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35. Erosion in many places is increased by human land use - Poor land - use practices include deforestation - overgrazing - unmanaged construction activity - and road building






36. Some isolated mountains were produced by volcanoes - including many apparently ________ that reach a great height above the ocean floor






37. Takes place when the moon passes between the earth and the sun - with the moon blocking the sunlight for about two minutes - A total ___________ may be seen only from a small zone on the earth






38. Formed from calcium carbonate - also an example of chemical sedimentary rocks - like roock salt - can contain organic or once - living matter and can record the history of that matter's formation in features such as strata - fossil evidence - and rip






39. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune






40. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert






41. Refers to the long - term weather patterns of a large geographical area and takes into account temperature - humidity - and precipitation






42. The strong temperature contrast between polar and tropical air gives rise to the ________






43. Most sediments were deposited in beds that were originally horizontal - and any tilting is due to later earth movements






44. The earth is believed to be about ___ billion years old






45. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes






46. The evaporation of these oceans is how we get most of our __________ - and their temperature determines our climate and wind patterns






47. Take up about 1/3 of the earth's land surface - many are formed by rain shadows - Usually have a large diurnal (day) and seasonal temperature range - with high daytime temperatures






48. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years






49. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy






50. The science of the atmosphere and weather