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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The major mountains tend to occur in __________ - indicating tectonic plate boundaries and activity
freshwater
Rocky planets and moons
El Nino
Long linear arcs
2. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune
Altostratus clouds
46%
Short - period comets
Mantle plumes
3. Somewhat cooler disturbances in the photosphere
Sunspots
Maritime air
Earth's crust
Galactic center
4. Occurs at the instant when the sun's position in the sky is at its greatest angular distance on the other side of the equatorial plane from the observer's hemisphere - Depending on the shift of the calendar - the winter solstice occurs some time betw
Small islands
Winter solstice
Sun
Sun's gravity
5. Stars with the highest ___________ appear blue - while stars with the lowest surface temperature appear red
Surface temperature
Canopy interception
Rock salt
Parallax
6. Seasons are marked by changes in the amount of sunlight - which in turn often cause cycles of dormancy in plants and hibernation in animals - These effects vary with latitude and with proximity to bodies of water
Mineral color
Transform plate movements
The earth's structure
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
7. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th
Comet
- cP
Sun
El Nino
8. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler
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9. Some isolated mountains were produced by volcanoes - including many apparently ________ that reach a great height above the ocean floor
Stars
Small islands
Types of clouds
Law of original horizontality
10. The layers of sediment deposited in a quiet environment - Common sites of deposition are lakes - deltas at the mouths of rivers - beaches and sandbars along the coast - and (most important) the marine environment
Sun
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Clastic
Strata
11. The earth is believed to be about ___ billion years old
clouds
Styles of rock deformation
Surface ocean currents
5.6
12. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted
Runoff
Mountain
Axis tilt
Nuclear fusion
13. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...
Opposite seasons
Igneous rocks
Orogenic zones
Full moon
14. The resulting dust layer would act as a shield - blocking out much of the sun's rays - This would result in lower global temperatures and a general _____ of the earth
Andromeda galaxy
Igneous rocks
cooling
Limestone
15. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy
- mT
Nuclear fusion
Orogenic zones
lower
16. Characterized by similar temperatures and moisture levels
Air mass
Sunspots
Mechanical/physical weathering
Speed of light
17. Loose collections of ice - dust - and small rocky particles - measuring a few kilometers or tens of kilometers across
Nuclear fusion
Weathering
- mT
Comet nuclei
18. Faulting and folding
- cT
Styles of rock deformation
snow
- mP
19. Some groundwater finds openings in the land surface and emerges as...
Estuary
Sedimentary rocks
freshwater springs
Pacific Ring of Fire
20. A land form that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area - with a peak - Usually produced by the movement of lithospheric plates
Erosion and land use
Igneous rocks
Mountain
Sun's gravity
21. Maritime tropical (wet - warm air)
- mT
Stars
Ice Age
Subsurface flow
22. 1 hour of time
Tidal range
15
El Nino
Rain shadow
23. The fossiliferous strata record is only the last __% of the earth's history
Eclipses
50-100
11
Weathering
24. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths
precipitation
Intrusive
The rock cycle
Percolation
25. Take up about 1/3 of the earth's land surface - many are formed by rain shadows - Usually have a large diurnal (day) and seasonal temperature range - with high daytime temperatures
Lithosphere
Types of galaxies
Deserts
Weight and mass
26. The movement of rainwater as it filters through soil and rocks into the ground - becoming groundwater
Troposhere
Canopy interception
Percolation
River
27. Comprised of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle - broken up into tectonic plates (7 major and many minor) - ride on the asthenosphere
Lithosphere
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Longitude
Tides
28. Largest zone of the planet (68%); crystalline silicates - rich in magnesium - calcium - and iron; very hot and mainly solid - but local melting to magma is the source of volcanic eruptions
Subsurface flow
Pacific Ring of Fire
Mantle
lower
29. The lateral movement of the plates is typically at speeds of ___ mm annually
cooling
The most abundant minerals in the crust
50-100
Density
30. The process in which one type of rock changes into another
The rock cycle
Smaller regions of the oceans
Maritime air
3/4
31. Takes place when the moon passes between the earth and the sun - with the moon blocking the sunlight for about two minutes - A total ___________ may be seen only from a small zone on the earth
Evapotranspiration
Moon
Solar eclipse
Solar System
32. Some water infiltrates deep into the ground and replenishes ________ - which store huge amounts of freshwater for long periods of time
Sublimation
Longitude
aquifers
The distinction between asteroids and comets
33. The North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean - and thus its temperature extremes are buffered by the water - The result is that the South Pole is consistently _______ during the southern winter than the North Pole during the northern winter
Colder
River
Surface temperature differences
3/4
34. Continental polar (dry - cold air)
- cP
Limestone
Daylight saving time zones
Extrusive
35. The science of the atmosphere and weather
Groundwater
Differential heating
Maritime air
Meteorology
36. The farther from the tropics you are positioned - the ________ the angle of the sun - This causes those locations to be cooler due to the indirect sunlight
lower
El Nino and La Nina
Snowmelt
10000
37. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)
Latitude
Sublimation
Opposite seasons
Earth
38. The degrees north or south of the equator
Latitude
Planets
Nuclear fusion
Semidiurnal or diurnal
39. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics
Mechanical/physical weathering
Why weather occurs
Lithosphere
The equator
40. Forms over the Tropics and is warm
Tropical air
Seasons
Asteroids
Divergent plate movements
41. Rising air currents take the vapor up into the atmopshere where cooler temperatures cause it to condense into ____
Law of superposition
moisture
El Nino
clouds
42. 4 terrestrials: Mercury - Venus - Mars - Earth 4 gas giants: Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune At least 5 dwarf planets: Ceres - Pluto - Makemake - Haumea - Eris
Types of clouds
Spring tide
Solar System
Tectonic plates
43. Earth movements - The result of forces within the earth - where temperature and pressure differences lead to instability
Ways magma can form
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Evaporation
Crustal rocks
44. Scientists theorize that massive volcanic eruptions on a global scale contributed to the earth's cooling - resulting in the onset of the...
Tidal range
Lithosphere
Runoff
Ice Age
45. Air currents move clouds around the globe and cloud particles collide - grow - and fall out of the sky as ________ - Most of it falls back into the oceans or onto land - where the precipitation flows over the ground as surface runoff - portion of run
World/global ocean
precipitation
Tropical air
Comet nuclei
46. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic
Major oceans
Andromeda galaxy
Pacific Ring of Fire
Opposite seasons
47. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
Volcano
Troposhere
Canopy interception
48. Seas - gulfs - bays - and other names
Seasons
Types of clouds
Smaller regions of the oceans
Limestone
49. The tendency of a moving object to stay in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place - Without _______ - a planet would be pulled into the sun
Pacific Ring of Fire
New moon
Strata
Inertia
50. Temperature - pressure - and composition
Ways magma can form
Differential heating
percolation
Nuclear fusion