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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Some groundwater finds openings in the land surface and emerges as...
Winter solstice
freshwater springs
Condensation
Geology
2. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy
Speed of light
Canopy interception
Subduction zones
Nuclear fusion
3. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5
Longitude
El Nino and La Nina
Types of clouds
Evaporation
4. Sometimes called minor planets or planetoids - Bodies
The big bang theory of cosmology
Asteroids
Snowmelt
15
5. Volcanoes can be caused by '____________'; these so - called hotspots - as in Hawaii - can occur far from plate boundaries
Earth
Rocky planets and moons
Mantle plumes
percolation
6. Occurs when the moon sets at sunset - Then the moon is between the earth and the sun - so we see only the dark half of the moon
Limestone
New moon
Igneous rocks
Mountain
7. Darkens the moon as the earth passes between it and the sun - casting a shadow on the moon - may be seen from anywhere the moon is visible - about half of the earth
Lunar eclipse
Solar wind
World/global ocean
Intrusive
8. Take up about 1/3 of the earth's land surface - many are formed by rain shadows - Usually have a large diurnal (day) and seasonal temperature range - with high daytime temperatures
46%
Examples to support Continental drift theory
Styles of rock deformation
Deserts
9. The science that describes and interprets the earth Fields: - Geomorphology (land forms) - Petrology (rocks) - Stratigraphy (layered rocks) - Paleontology (fossils)
snow
Crust
Soil
Geology
10. Igneous rock that forms on the earth's surface - Examples obsidian - basalt - and pumice
Extrusive
Percolation
Mineral color
Longitude
11. Zero degrees latitude - generally has a tropical climate (warm and wet); at the extreme northern and southern latitudes (polar regions) - the climate is very cold and dry
Equinoxes
Igneous rocks
Seasons
The equator
12. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away
Uniformitarianism
Andromeda galaxy
Planets
Igneous rocks
13. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics
Why weather occurs
Transform plate movements
Speed of light
Asteroids
14. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert
Sublimation
larger planet
Rain shadow
Minerals
15. Some water infiltrates deep into the ground and replenishes ________ - which store huge amounts of freshwater for long periods of time
Equinoxes
The equator
aquifers
Erosion and land use
16. The motive force behind land breezes and sea/lake breezes - also known as on - or off - shore winds - Land absorbs and radiates heat faster than water - but water releases heat over a longer period of time
Weight and mass
Differential heating
Continental drift
The most abundant minerals in the crust
17. The cold - water current that flows north to south off the _____________ keeps the West Coast fairly cool during the summer - Cold - water currents create cooler temperatures in areas that would otherwise be much warmer
Convergent plate movements
Igneous rocks
California coast
- cT
18. Believed to originate at a much greater distance from the Sun - in a cloud (the Oort cloud) consisting of debris left over from the condensation of solar nebula - Comets are thrown from the outer planets or nearby stars - or as a result of collisions
Long - period comets
Inertia
Long linear arcs
Smaller regions of the oceans
19. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon
Weathering
46%
The rock cycle
Mineral color
20. The source of energy for evaporation is primarily through ___________
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Weather phenomena on earth
Solar radiation
Runoff
21. Two types of mountains are formed - depending on how the rock reacts to the tectonic forces
Winter solstice
Law of superposition
Major oceans
Block mountains or fold mountains
22. When the moon is at first quarter or third quarter - the sun - earth and moon form a 90- degree (right) angle with the earth at the vertex - The combined effect of this alignment of the sun - earth - and moon results in tidal ranges on the earth - Wh
Neap tide/neaps
Cumulonibus clouds
Snowmelt
Weathering
23. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods
Comet
Precipitation
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
Lunar eclipse
24. Air currents move clouds around the globe and cloud particles collide - grow - and fall out of the sky as ________ - Most of it falls back into the oceans or onto land - where the precipitation flows over the ground as surface runoff - portion of run
precipitation
Evaporation
Sun's gravity
Metamorphic rocks
25. A huge ball of incandescent gases - Its mass is more than 300000 times that of the earth - Principal constituents are the lightest elements - hydrogen and helium
29.5
Rainfall
Time zone
Sun
26. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Comet nuclei
Metamorphic rocks
Cleavage
27. A semi - closed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it - and with a free connection to the open sea - Often associated with high levels of biological diversity - They are made up of brackish water - Often given names
lower elevation
Convergent plate movements
Tides
Estuary
28. The flow of water underground - in the vadose zone and aquifers - Subsurface water may return to the surface (as a spring or by being pumped) or eventually seep into the oceans
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Mid - oceanic ridge
Subsurface flow
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
29. Theory that the earth's continents were originally united as a supercontinent - Pangaea - Established by Alfred Wegener in the early 1900s
Stratus clouds
5.6
Continental drift
Major oceans
30. Smooth layers of low clouds that indicate a chance of drizzle or snow
Stratus clouds
Mechanical/physical weathering
Smaller regions of the oceans
Mantle
31. Huge systems of stars - Milky Way is estimated to have 100 billion stars arranged in a great disk
Snowmelt
Comet
Galaxies
Ice Age
32. The precipitation that is intercepted by plant foliage and eventually evaporates back to the atmosphere rather than falling to the ground
Convergent tectonic plates
Photosphere
Canopy interception
Surface temperature differences
33. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...
Asteroids
Opposite seasons
Longitude
Stratus clouds
34. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals (also known as biological weathering)
Convergent tectonic plates
Photosphere
Surface temperature
Chemical weathering
35. Travels in an orbit that is slightly elliptical (oval) - and so the distance from the sun ranges from 91.5 to 94.5 million miles - Its daily rotation deforms the earth to a flattened spheroid - with a polar radius slightly less than the equatorial ra
Opposite seasons
Conglomerates
Surface ocean currents
Earth
36. Forms over water and is associated with wet air
Altostratus clouds
cooling
Maritime air
Snow packs
37. 4 terrestrials: Mercury - Venus - Mars - Earth 4 gas giants: Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune At least 5 dwarf planets: Ceres - Pluto - Makemake - Haumea - Eris
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
La Nina
lower elevation
Solar System
38. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow
Earth's crust
Altostratus clouds
Troposhere
The most abundant minerals in the crust
39. This upslope wind is called a...
Sun
Solar radiation
Law of original horizontality
Valley breeze
40. Forms south of the Arctic and is cold
Igneous rocks
Intrusive
Polar air
Types of clouds
41. Seas - gulfs - bays - and other names
Smaller regions of the oceans
Subduction zones
Asteroids
Petroleum exploration
42. An individual weighing 200 lbs on Earth would weigh more on a _______________ - Weight is a function of gravity
Maritime air
Altostratus clouds
larger planet
precipitation
43. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p
Minerals
Asteroids
Groundwater
Volcano
44. Center: 3000
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45. Maritime tropical (wet - warm air)
Diurnal
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
- mT
Divergent plate movements
46. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line
Gravity and inertia
29.5
Asteroids
lower elevation
47. Some precipitation falls as ____ and can accumulate as ice caps and glaciers - which can store water for thousands of years
Density
Moon
Stars
snow
48. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)
Lunar eclipse
World/global ocean
Sublimation
Mantle plumes
49. Further caused by the elliptical orbit of the earth - Earth reaches perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the sun) in January - and it reaches aphelion (farthest point from the sun) in July - Also depend on factors such as proximity to oceans
Colder
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Galaxies
Surface ocean currents
50. Occur along plate boundaries
Weathering
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
La Nina
Evapotranspiration