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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The earth is believed to be about ___ billion years old
Asteroids
Continental air
5.6
Semidiurnal
2. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years
Transpiration
California coast
Groundwater
Eclipses
3. Occur along plate boundaries
Law of original horizontality
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
Tropical air
4. Not all runoff flows into rivers; much of it infiltrates into the ground through...
California coast
Surface temperature
percolation
Venus
5. Occurs at the instant when the sun's position in the sky is at its greatest angular distance on the other side of the equatorial plane from the observer's hemisphere - Depending on the shift of the calendar - the winter solstice occurs some time betw
Long - period comets
Lunar eclipse
Winter solstice
Erosion and land use
6. Comprises one global - interconnected body of salt water often (though generally recognized as several separate oceans) - A continuous body of water with relatively free interchange among its parts
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Sublimation
World/global ocean
Minerals
7. Faulting and folding
- mP
Earth's crust
5.6
Styles of rock deformation
8. Traces of ancient life preserved in the strata as shells - footprints - and the like - Soft plant and animal tissues decompose quickly in the presence of decay bacteria - which exist wherever oxygen exists
46%
Mechanical/physical weathering
Spring tide
Fossils
9. Formed from calcium carbonate - also an example of chemical sedimentary rocks - like roock salt - can contain organic or once - living matter and can record the history of that matter's formation in features such as strata - fossil evidence - and rip
lower elevation
Comet nuclei
Limestone
Daylight saving time zones
10. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate
Metamorphic rocks
Galaxies
Volcano
Sedimentation
11. Forms over land and is associated with dry air
Continental air
11
Stratus clouds
freshwater
12. (in descending order of size) the Pacific Ocean - the Atlantic Ocean - the Indian Ocean - the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean
Plate tectonics
Major oceans
clouds
Mantle plumes
13. Most sediments were deposited in beds that were originally horizontal - and any tilting is due to later earth movements
Law of original horizontality
Winter solstice
Block mountains or fold mountains
Comet
14. Igneous rock that forms on the earth's surface - Examples obsidian - basalt - and pumice
Moon
Semidiurnal
Extrusive
lower elevation
15. Due to a combination of differential heating and geometry - hen the sun rises - it is the tops of the mountain peaks which receive first light - and as the day progresses - the mountain slopes take on a greater heat load than the valleys - This resul
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Long linear arcs
moisture
Subduction zones
16. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e
Fossils
Differential heating
Photosphere
Equinoxes
17. Rising air currents take the vapor up into the atmopshere where cooler temperatures cause it to condense into ____
clouds
El Nino and La Nina
Differential heating
Earth
18. Sun heats water in the oceans - Water evaporates as vapor into the air - Ice and snow can sublimate directly into water vapor...- Over time - the water reenters the ocean - where the water cycle started
Petroleum exploration
Hydrologic cycle
Sublimation
Sedimentary rocks
19. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods
Latitude
Mohs' scale of hardness
Stratus clouds
Comet
20. Test the item against materials of known hardness; for example - use your fingernail or the graphite in a pencil to attempt to scratch the items. This process should result in assigning a relative hardness to the unknown items.
Hydrologic concepts
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
Scratch test
- mT
21. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...
Earth's crust
Opposite seasons
Full moon
The Gulf - Stream
22. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Photosphere
Continental drift
Opposite seasons
23. Gas giants Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus and Neptune have diameters far larger than Earth's and have far greater masses
cooling
Weight and mass
Opposite seasons
Comet
24. Largest zone of the planet (68%); crystalline silicates - rich in magnesium - calcium - and iron; very hot and mainly solid - but local melting to magma is the source of volcanic eruptions
- mT
Axis tilt
Mantle
Climate
25. How much matter is in the object
Daylight saving time zones
The earth's structure
Density
Plate tectonics
26. The spectra of distant objects display a red shift - which is interpreted as meaning that they are rapidly receding from us - This apparent expansion of the universe has given rise to the big bang theory of cosmology - in which one primeval mass expl
The big bang theory of cosmology
Neap tide/neaps
Galactic center
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
27. 186000 miles/second
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Scratch test
Speed of light
28. Deviates by an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees - Thus - at any given time during summer or winter - one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the sun - This exposure alternates as the earth revolves in its orbit
The big bang theory of cosmology
Axis tilt
Mantle
Volcano
29. Defined by geometrically subdividing the earth's spheroid into 24 lunes (wedge - shaped sections) - bordered by meridians - each 15
Tidal range
- mP
Standard time zones
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
30. Seas - gulfs - bays - and other names
Solar eclipse
Styles of rock deformation
Hydrologic cycle
Smaller regions of the oceans
31. - The materials left over after the rock breaks down combine with organic material - The mineral content is determined by the parent material; thus - a soil derived from a single rock type can often be deficient in one or more minerals for good ferti
freshwater springs
Neap tide/neaps
La Nina
Soil
32. Classified as warm - water or cold - water currents
Diurnal
Pacific Ring of Fire
Strata
Surface ocean currents
33. Cirrus - Stratus - Cumulonimbus - Altostratus
Types of clouds
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
World/global ocean
Erosion and land use
34. The rising of the earth's ocean surface caused by the tidal forces of the moon and the sun acting on the oceans
Law of original horizontality
Tides
Winter solstice
Long - period comets
35. Further caused by the elliptical orbit of the earth - Earth reaches perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the sun) in January - and it reaches aphelion (farthest point from the sun) in July - Also depend on factors such as proximity to oceans
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Coral reef
River
Long - period comets
36. The cold - water current that flows north to south off the _____________ keeps the West Coast fairly cool during the summer - Cold - water currents create cooler temperatures in areas that would otherwise be much warmer
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
California coast
Distance
Chemical sedimentary rocks
37. Giant masses of solid rock that float upon the earth's mantle - These plates move in relation to one another at one of three types of plate boundaries...
Law of superposition
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
3/4
38. A warm - water current that carries warm water from the Tropics to the Arctic regions of the North Atlantic Ocean - This accounts for higher temperatures and higher humidity on the Eastern Seaboard during the summer
Surface ocean temperature
Why weather occurs
The Gulf - Stream
46%
39. The fossiliferous strata record is only the last __% of the earth's history
11
Lithosphere
lower elevation
Rain shadow
40. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth
River
Moon
Types of galaxies
Coral reef
41. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted
Hydrologic cycle
Transform plate movements
Runoff
Precipitation
42. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy
Tides
Petroleum exploration
Inertia
Nuclear fusion
43. Comprised of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle - broken up into tectonic plates (7 major and many minor) - ride on the asthenosphere
Scratch test
Earth
Lithosphere
Orogenic zones
44. Large - scale movements of the earth's lithosphere - - The theory encompasses the older concepts of continental drift (first half of 20th century) and seafloor spreading (1960s)
Solar radiation
Snow packs
Seasons
Plate tectonics
45. Tides may be...
clouds
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Deserts
Nuclear fusion
46. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration
Solar System
3/4
Transpiration
Conglomerates
47. Temperature - pressure - and composition
moisture
Weathering
Ways magma can form
Limestone
48. Hotspot volcanoes are also found elsewhere in the Solar System - especially on...
Neap tide/neaps
Mountain
Rocky planets and moons
Snowmelt
49. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes
Igneous rocks
Intrusive
snow
Crust
50. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler
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