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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift
California coast
Erosion and land use
Surface ocean currents
Orogenic zones
2. Ancient astronomers found that eclipses occurred periodically and learned to predict them accurately - Lunar and solar
Cleavage
Solar System
moisture
Eclipses
3. This upslope wind is called a...
New moon
Comet nuclei
Valley breeze
Mantle plumes
4. Formed from calcium carbonate - also an example of chemical sedimentary rocks - like roock salt - can contain organic or once - living matter and can record the history of that matter's formation in features such as strata - fossil evidence - and rip
Equinoxes
Limestone
Valley breeze
5.6
5. Form when magma or lava cools and solidifies - Depending on the rate of cooling - can contain visible crystals - while others can appear glassy
Block mountains or fold mountains
Igneous rocks
lower elevation
Major oceans
6. - The materials left over after the rock breaks down combine with organic material - The mineral content is determined by the parent material; thus - a soil derived from a single rock type can often be deficient in one or more minerals for good ferti
Density
Petroleum exploration
Soil
Mantle plumes
7. (or summer time zones) include an offset (typically +1 hour) for daylight saving time
Daylight saving time zones
jet stream
Parallax
Comet
8. Temperature - pressure - and composition
Tectonic plates
Ways magma can form
lower
Distance
9. Natural chemical compounds that are the crystals that make up rocks - Each has a specific composition or narrow range of composition
Semidiurnal
Stratus clouds
Minerals
Axis tilt
10. Occurs when the moon sets at sunset - Then the moon is between the earth and the sun - so we see only the dark half of the moon
New moon
Seasons
Metamorphic rocks
freshwater springs
11. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)
Hydrologic concepts
Andromeda galaxy
Sublimation
Sedimentation
12. The major mountains tend to occur in __________ - indicating tectonic plate boundaries and activity
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Long linear arcs
Venus
New moon
13. Featherlike clouds that indicate fair weather
Solar wind
Stratus clouds
Cirrus clouds
Transform plate movements
14. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate
Uniformitarianism
Metamorphic rocks
Minerals
Latitude
15. Spiral - elliptical - and irregular form are speckled throughout the visible universe - Largest telescope has detected galaxies to its limit of several billion light - years
Surface ocean currents
Estuary
Types of galaxies
Rain shadow
16. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the same area - Atlanta tropical cyclone activity is generally enhanced during La Nina - Often follows the El Nino - especially when the latter is strong
Solar System
La Nina
Latitude
Small islands
17. The process of chemical or physical breakdown of earth rocks - soils - and their minerals
El Nino and La Nina
Weight and mass
Continental drift
Weathering
18. Test the item against materials of known hardness; for example - use your fingernail or the graphite in a pencil to attempt to scratch the items. This process should result in assigning a relative hardness to the unknown items.
Scratch test
Diurnal
California coast
Differential heating
19. Forms over land and is associated with dry air
Continental air
Rain shadow
Hydrologic cycle
Styles of rock deformation
20. Typically the tidal mouths of rivers and are often characterized by _____________ or silt carried in from terrestrial runoff - frequently from offshore
Sedimentation
Polar air
Smaller regions of the oceans
California coast
21. A ______________ - such as the Mid - Atlantic Ridge - has examples of volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates pulling apart
Conglomerates
Mid - oceanic ridge
New moon
- mT
22. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)
Weathering
Distance
Troposhere
Solar eclipse
23. The resulting dust layer would act as a shield - blocking out much of the sun's rays - This would result in lower global temperatures and a general _____ of the earth
Divergent plate movements
Sedimentary rocks
Spring tide
cooling
24. Volcanoes are generally found where ________ are diverging or converging
Tectonic plates
Galaxies
- cT
Rainfall
25. Some precipitation falls as ____ and can accumulate as ice caps and glaciers - which can store water for thousands of years
Distance
snow
Types of clouds
Cirrus clouds
26. Takes place when the moon passes between the earth and the sun - with the moon blocking the sunlight for about two minutes - A total ___________ may be seen only from a small zone on the earth
Long - period comets
Differential heating
Solar eclipse
Hydrologic cycle
27. Different visual appearance; when discovered - comets show a perceptible coma while asteroids do not
The distinction between asteroids and comets
10000
- cP
Air mass
28. Most sediments were deposited in beds that were originally horizontal - and any tilting is due to later earth movements
Law of original horizontality
Minerals
Volcano
Mid - oceanic ridge
29. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals (also known as biological weathering)
Andromeda galaxy
Chemical weathering
El Nino
29.5
30. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans
aquifers
Full moon
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Standard time zones
31. Rocks are placed into groups according to how they form...
Lithosphere
Conglomerates
Weather phenomena on earth
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
32. The tendency of a moving object to stay in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place - Without _______ - a planet would be pulled into the sun
Inertia
Deserts
Divergent plate movements
Strata
33. The layers of sediment deposited in a quiet environment - Common sites of deposition are lakes - deltas at the mouths of rivers - beaches and sandbars along the coast - and (most important) the marine environment
Venus
New moon
Strata
Continental air
34. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow
Convergent tectonic plates
Lunar eclipse
Mid - oceanic ridge
Altostratus clouds
35. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed
Ways magma can form
larger planet
The geological time scale
Solar eclipse
36. The motive force behind land breezes and sea/lake breezes - also known as on - or off - shore winds - Land absorbs and radiates heat faster than water - but water releases heat over a longer period of time
Differential heating
10000
Condensation
Density
37. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Continental drift
Weathering
Short - period comets
38. The science of the atmosphere and weather
Longitude
Meteorology
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Diurnal
39. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths
Intrusive
Spring tide
Scratch test
Comet nuclei
40. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone
Estuary
Conglomerates
Divergent plate movements
Erosion and land use
41. Continental tropical (dry - warm air)
Hydrologic cycle
Time zone
- cT
Runoff
42. The lateral movement of the plates is typically at speeds of ___ mm annually
Sedimentary rocks
Stratus clouds
50-100
Colder
43. The Pacific Ring of Fire has examples of volcanoes caused by ___________ coming together
Divergent plate movements
Convergent tectonic plates
Altostratus clouds
Groundwater
44. There are approx. _____ days between each lunar cycle
Polar air
Coral reef
Sublimation
29.5
45. This scale assigns a fixed number to 10 reference materials. Talc (1) is the softest and diamond (10) is the hardest
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46. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert
Rain shadow
Why weather occurs
Density
Long - period comets
47. Giant masses of solid rock that float upon the earth's mantle - These plates move in relation to one another at one of three types of plate boundaries...
Mantle
Short - period comets
Crustal rocks
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
48. Affected by factors such as weathering and impurities
Rocky planets and moons
Sun
The geological time scale
Mineral color
49. Earth movements - The result of forces within the earth - where temperature and pressure differences lead to instability
groundwater discharge
Hydrologic cycle
cooling
Crustal rocks
50. Younger beds were originally deposited above older beds
Volcano
Weight and mass
46%
Law of superposition