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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. After the moon has waxed through crescent - quarter - and gibbous phases - a ________ appears - At that time - the moon rises at sunset - and we see all of its illuminated side - Then the phase wanes gradually to another new moon
Fossils
Weathering
Differential heating
Full moon
2. Ancient astronomers found that eclipses occurred periodically and learned to predict them accurately - Lunar and solar
Planets
Eclipses
Conglomerates
Lunar eclipse
3. Bodies similar to the sun but immensely distant - Closest stars are 4 light - years away
Fossils
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Stars
Law of superposition
4. Defined by geometrically subdividing the earth's spheroid into 24 lunes (wedge - shaped sections) - bordered by meridians - each 15
Coral reef
Standard time zones
Daylight saving time zones
larger planet
5. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert
Valley breeze
Stratus clouds
Rain shadow
- cT
6. A land form that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area - with a peak - Usually produced by the movement of lithospheric plates
Andromeda galaxy
Stars
Nuclear fusion
Mountain
7. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Tectonic plates
Maritime air
8. Condensed water vapor that falls to the earth's surface - Most precipitation occurs as rain - but also includes snow - hail - fog drip - graupel - and sleet
Hydrologic cycle
Scratch test
Precipitation
Lithosphere
9. Method of using the present to interpret the past - Processes occurring today are observed carefully and their effects are measured - Then - geologists assume that similar effects in ancient rocks were caused by processes similar to those of the pres
Meteorology
Uniformitarianism
Differential heating
Cirrus clouds
10. Somewhat cooler disturbances in the photosphere
Sunspots
Law of superposition
Mid - oceanic ridge
Surface temperature
11. The process of chemical or physical breakdown of earth rocks - soils - and their minerals
Density
Igneous rocks
Planets
Weathering
12. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years
Climate
Time zone
10000
Sedimentary rocks
13. Smooth layers of low clouds that indicate a chance of drizzle or snow
Standard time zones
Stratus clouds
Equinoxes
Small islands
14. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the same area - Atlanta tropical cyclone activity is generally enhanced during La Nina - Often follows the El Nino - especially when the latter is strong
Galactic center
Long linear arcs
La Nina
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
15. How much matter is in the object
Density
Altostratus clouds
Convergent tectonic plates
Photosphere
16. On maps - the characteristics of an air mass are represented by two letters: The lowercase letter represents ________ - and the uppercase letter represents temperature
Estuary
Earth's crust
moisture
Fossils
17. The best determiner of climate - as it is consistently and directly correlated with temperature - other factors: Rain shadows - as well as water currents - elevation and so forth
Styles of rock deformation
Mechanical/physical weathering
Latitude
Solar eclipse
18. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth
Moon
Intrusive
Mid - oceanic ridge
29.5
19. Seasons are marked by changes in the amount of sunlight - which in turn often cause cycles of dormancy in plants and hibernation in animals - These effects vary with latitude and with proximity to bodies of water
Crust
Stars
Cirrus clouds
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
20. The rising of the earth's ocean surface caused by the tidal forces of the moon and the sun acting on the oceans
Examples to support Continental drift theory
Nuclear fusion
Galactic center
Tides
21. Gas giants Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus and Neptune have diameters far larger than Earth's and have far greater masses
larger planet
Smaller regions of the oceans
Weight and mass
lower elevation
22. Maritime tropical (wet - warm air)
Climate
- mT
Surface ocean currents
Precipitation
23. Takes place when the moon passes between the earth and the sun - with the moon blocking the sunlight for about two minutes - A total ___________ may be seen only from a small zone on the earth
- mP
Solar eclipse
Coral reef
The most abundant minerals in the crust
24. Tides may be...
freshwater
Transform plate movements
46%
Semidiurnal or diurnal
25. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms
Evapotranspiration
Tidal range
Weather phenomena on earth
Divergent plate movements
26. Occur when two plates slip past each other - Such faults are generally moderate and are relatively shallow Example: The San Andreas Fault
Transform plate movements
Moon
Equinoxes
Types of clouds
27. Zero degrees latitude - generally has a tropical climate (warm and wet); at the extreme northern and southern latitudes (polar regions) - the climate is very cold and dry
The equator
Andromeda galaxy
5.6
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
28. Classified as warm - water or cold - water currents
snow
Petroleum exploration
Surface ocean currents
Convergent tectonic plates
29. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years
Groundwater
Solar wind
Axis tilt
Erosion
30. The cold - water current that flows north to south off the _____________ keeps the West Coast fairly cool during the summer - Cold - water currents create cooler temperatures in areas that would otherwise be much warmer
California coast
Examples to support Continental drift theory
Deserts
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
31. The precipitation that is intercepted by plant foliage and eventually evaporates back to the atmosphere rather than falling to the ground
Mid - oceanic ridge
Canopy interception
Metamorphic rocks
Continental air
32. The flow of water underground - in the vadose zone and aquifers - Subsurface water may return to the surface (as a spring or by being pumped) or eventually seep into the oceans
Short - period comets
Sublimation
Subsurface flow
Divergent plate movements
33. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods
Rock salt
Comet
Longitude
Cumulonibus clouds
34. Texture is important in classifying ______ sedimentary rocks
Clastic
Hydrologic concepts
The big bang theory of cosmology
Eclipses
35. Volcanoes are generally found where ________ are diverging or converging
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Plate tectonics
Longitude
Tectonic plates
36. This scale assigns a fixed number to 10 reference materials. Talc (1) is the softest and diamond (10) is the hardest
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37. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through direct contact with atmospheric conditions such as heat - water - ice - and pressure
Evapotranspiration
Mechanical/physical weathering
Longitude
freshwater springs
38. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow
Igneous rocks
Valley breeze
Altostratus clouds
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
39. There are approx. _____ days between each lunar cycle
lower
11
29.5
Earth's crust
40. Continental tropical (dry - warm air)
- cT
Air mass
Minerals
Coral reef
41. Further caused by the elliptical orbit of the earth - Earth reaches perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the sun) in January - and it reaches aphelion (farthest point from the sun) in July - Also depend on factors such as proximity to oceans
- mP
Sun's gravity
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Evapotranspiration
42. A warm - water current that carries warm water from the Tropics to the Arctic regions of the North Atlantic Ocean - This accounts for higher temperatures and higher humidity on the Eastern Seaboard during the summer
The Gulf - Stream
Sun
Rock salt
Stars
43. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted
Stars
Sun
Runoff
Neap tide/neaps
44. An individual weighing 200 lbs on Earth would weigh more on a _______________ - Weight is a function of gravity
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
10000
Divergent plate movements
larger planet
45. Believed to originate at a much greater distance from the Sun - in a cloud (the Oort cloud) consisting of debris left over from the condensation of solar nebula - Comets are thrown from the outer planets or nearby stars - or as a result of collisions
jet stream
Long - period comets
Comet nuclei
moisture
46. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e
Seasons
clouds
lower
Equinoxes
47. Occurs when the moon sets at sunset - Then the moon is between the earth and the sun - so we see only the dark half of the moon
Scratch test
New moon
Daylight saving time zones
freshwater springs
48. Giant masses of solid rock that float upon the earth's mantle - These plates move in relation to one another at one of three types of plate boundaries...
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Extrusive
Latitude
Rock salt
49. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the
Seasons
Tropical air
Subsurface flow
Block mountains or fold mountains
50. Some water infiltrates deep into the ground and replenishes ________ - which store huge amounts of freshwater for long periods of time
Stratus clouds
Troposhere
Latitude
aquifers