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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Center: 3000
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2. Volcanoes are also found in __________ - where the denser oceanic plates are forced under continental plates; this adds massive volumes of water to the mantle - allowing magma to melt more readily and rise to the surface to form volcanoes
Subduction zones
The earth's structure
Precipitation
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
3. The result of the buildup of once - living things
Rock salt
Evaporation
Coral reef
Nuclear fusion
4. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert
Runoff
Rain shadow
Maritime air
Surface temperature
5. Oceans cover __ of the earth's surface
Mechanical/physical weathering
Long linear arcs
3/4
Deserts
6. A semi - closed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it - and with a free connection to the open sea - Often associated with high levels of biological diversity - They are made up of brackish water - Often given names
Estuary
Semidiurnal
Convergent tectonic plates
Venus
7. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th
El Nino
Snow packs
Photosphere
46%
8. Zero degrees latitude - generally has a tropical climate (warm and wet); at the extreme northern and southern latitudes (polar regions) - the climate is very cold and dry
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Surface temperature differences
The equator
Plate tectonics
9. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth
15
Moon
3/4
Mineral color
10. An individual weighing 200 lbs on Earth would weigh more on a _______________ - Weight is a function of gravity
larger planet
Solar System
Limestone
Axis tilt
11. The tendency of a moving object to stay in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place - Without _______ - a planet would be pulled into the sun
Inertia
Coral reef
Volcano
Mid - oceanic ridge
12. Condensed water vapor that falls to the earth's surface - Most precipitation occurs as rain - but also includes snow - hail - fog drip - graupel - and sleet
Semidiurnal
Ways magma can form
Subduction zones
Precipitation
13. Faulting and folding
The earth's structure
Mid - oceanic ridge
New moon
Styles of rock deformation
14. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms
Precipitation
Galactic center
Weather phenomena on earth
Sun's gravity
15. This upslope wind is called a...
- mP
Valley breeze
Percolation
Estuary
16. Solar Atmosphere is divided into the inner chromosphere with explosive prominences and the outer corona - a glowing halo visible only during a total eclipse - Constantly emitting particles as a...
Sun
Uniformitarianism
Solar wind
10000
17. The lateral movement of the plates is typically at speeds of ___ mm annually
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
Minerals
Crustal rocks
50-100
18. Takes approx. seven and a half earth months to revolve around the sun - Takes approx. eight earth months to rotate on its axis - a day on ________ is longer than a year
Full moon
Sun
percolation
Venus
19. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000
Sunspots
Transpiration
Photosphere
lower
20. Huge systems of stars - Milky Way is estimated to have 100 billion stars arranged in a great disk
Tectonic plates
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Galaxies
Gravity and inertia
21. Formed by sodium chloride
lower elevation
Orogenic zones
Surface ocean temperature
Rock salt
22. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England
cooling
Sun
Latitude
Longitude
23. The flow of water underground - in the vadose zone and aquifers - Subsurface water may return to the surface (as a spring or by being pumped) or eventually seep into the oceans
Tides
Subsurface flow
46%
3/4
24. Takes place when the moon passes between the earth and the sun - with the moon blocking the sunlight for about two minutes - A total ___________ may be seen only from a small zone on the earth
Solar eclipse
Inertia
Earth
Surface temperature differences
25. On maps - the characteristics of an air mass are represented by two letters: The lowercase letter represents ________ - and the uppercase letter represents temperature
moisture
Styles of rock deformation
Weather phenomena on earth
15
26. (or summer time zones) include an offset (typically +1 hour) for daylight saving time
percolation
Parallax
Surface temperature differences
Daylight saving time zones
27. This scale assigns a fixed number to 10 reference materials. Talc (1) is the softest and diamond (10) is the hardest
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28. Around a new or full moon - when the sun - moon - and the earth form a line - the tidal forces due to the sun reinforce those of the moon - The tide's range is at a maximum and is called a spring tide (spring as in 'to jump/leap -' not the season)
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
Spring tide
Mantle
larger planet
29. Different visual appearance; when discovered - comets show a perceptible coma while asteroids do not
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Convergent tectonic plates
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Why weather occurs
30. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal
aquifers
Semidiurnal
moisture
Opposite seasons
31. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line
Gravity and inertia
Sedimentary rocks
Pacific Ring of Fire
Comet nuclei
32. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon
46%
Galactic center
Full moon
Troposhere
33. Two types of mountains are formed - depending on how the rock reacts to the tectonic forces
Semidiurnal
Evapotranspiration
Rain shadow
Block mountains or fold mountains
34. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an
Sedimentary rocks
Maritime air
Diurnal
Earth
35. Occurs at the instant when the sun's position in the sky is at its greatest angular distance on the other side of the equatorial plane from the observer's hemisphere - Depending on the shift of the calendar - the winter solstice occurs some time betw
Mountain
lower
Tectonic plates
Winter solstice
36. 4 terrestrials: Mercury - Venus - Mars - Earth 4 gas giants: Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune At least 5 dwarf planets: Ceres - Pluto - Makemake - Haumea - Eris
5.6
Stars
Solar System
Standard time zones
37. The North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean - and thus its temperature extremes are buffered by the water - The result is that the South Pole is consistently _______ during the southern winter than the North Pole during the northern winter
Spring tide
Runoff
Colder
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
38. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through direct contact with atmospheric conditions such as heat - water - ice - and pressure
50-100
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Longitude
Mechanical/physical weathering
39. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years
Fossils
Cirrus clouds
Why weather occurs
Groundwater
40. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes
Crust
Sunspots
Galaxies
freshwater springs
41. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals (also known as biological weathering)
Examples to support Continental drift theory
Speed of light
Clastic
Chemical weathering
42. The transformation of water from liquid to gas phases as it moves from the ground or bodies of water into the overlying atmosphere
Gravity and inertia
Evaporation
Extrusive
Weathering
43. A warm - water current that carries warm water from the Tropics to the Arctic regions of the North Atlantic Ocean - This accounts for higher temperatures and higher humidity on the Eastern Seaboard during the summer
Weight and mass
Photosphere
The Gulf - Stream
Density
44. Tides may be...
Condensation
Continental drift
Density
Semidiurnal or diurnal
45. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths
Sedimentary rocks
Smaller regions of the oceans
Meteorology
Intrusive
46. The layers of sediment deposited in a quiet environment - Common sites of deposition are lakes - deltas at the mouths of rivers - beaches and sandbars along the coast - and (most important) the marine environment
Continental drift
Geology
Strata
Galactic center
47. Affected by factors such as weathering and impurities
Rock salt
Chemical weathering
Mineral color
Longitude
48. Some water infiltrates deep into the ground and replenishes ________ - which store huge amounts of freshwater for long periods of time
Planets
Cumulonibus clouds
aquifers
Comet nuclei
49. The process in which one type of rock changes into another
Transform plate movements
Types of galaxies
Rocky planets and moons
The rock cycle
50. The process of chemical or physical breakdown of earth rocks - soils - and their minerals
Weathering
Clastic
- cT
clouds