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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Mantle
Solar eclipse
Pacific Ring of Fire
2. 1 hour of time
El Nino
Clastic
15
The rock cycle
3. On maps - the characteristics of an air mass are represented by two letters: The lowercase letter represents ________ - and the uppercase letter represents temperature
Comet
moisture
Cumulonibus clouds
Snowmelt
4. The farther from the tropics you are positioned - the ________ the angle of the sun - This causes those locations to be cooler due to the indirect sunlight
Smaller regions of the oceans
lower
World/global ocean
Diurnal
5. Cause pressure differences - A hot surface heats the air above it and the air expands - lowering the air pressure and its density
Law of superposition
29.5
Surface temperature differences
Mid - oceanic ridge
6. Younger beds were originally deposited above older beds
lower
Law of superposition
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
46%
7. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert
larger planet
Rock salt
Gravity and inertia
Rain shadow
8. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...
Opposite seasons
Subduction zones
Stratus clouds
Valley breeze
9. Some water infiltrates deep into the ground and replenishes ________ - which store huge amounts of freshwater for long periods of time
aquifers
Solar System
Sun
Tides
10. Temperature - pressure - and composition
Density
Erosion and land use
Ways magma can form
Stars
11. The fossiliferous strata record is only the last __% of the earth's history
11
percolation
Volcano
- mP
12. Can influence climate by sending tremendous volumes of dust - ash - and smoke into the atmosphere
- cT
Parallax
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
13. Solar Atmosphere is divided into the inner chromosphere with explosive prominences and the outer corona - a glowing halo visible only during a total eclipse - Constantly emitting particles as a...
Solar wind
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
Axis tilt
Petroleum exploration
14. Darkens the moon as the earth passes between it and the sun - casting a shadow on the moon - may be seen from anywhere the moon is visible - about half of the earth
Weathering
Nuclear fusion
15
Lunar eclipse
15. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...
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16. The transformation of water from liquid to gas phases as it moves from the ground or bodies of water into the overlying atmosphere
Evaporation
Erosion
Opposite seasons
Solar radiation
17. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p
Volcano
Density
Law of original horizontality
Latitude
18. Different visual appearance; when discovered - comets show a perceptible coma while asteroids do not
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Planets
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Minerals
19. Rocks are placed into groups according to how they form...
Geology
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
Sunspots
Minerals
20. The strength of gravity in our solar system depends on both the masses of the celestial objects and the _______ between them
Longitude
Examples to support Continental drift theory
Geology
Distance
21. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth
Moon
Sedimentary rocks
Opposite seasons
Geology
22. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
Axis tilt
Sublimation
Small islands
23. Seasons are marked by changes in the amount of sunlight - which in turn often cause cycles of dormancy in plants and hibernation in animals - These effects vary with latitude and with proximity to bodies of water
The earth's structure
Subsurface flow
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
Venus
24. Most sediments were deposited in beds that were originally horizontal - and any tilting is due to later earth movements
Tides
Law of original horizontality
La Nina
Why weather occurs
25. Zero degrees latitude - generally has a tropical climate (warm and wet); at the extreme northern and southern latitudes (polar regions) - the climate is very cold and dry
Canopy interception
Erosion
The equator
Weathering
26. A semi - closed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it - and with a free connection to the open sea - Often associated with high levels of biological diversity - They are made up of brackish water - Often given names
Cumulonibus clouds
Winter solstice
Limestone
Estuary
27. A land form that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area - with a peak - Usually produced by the movement of lithospheric plates
Mountain
Parallax
Axis tilt
Chaotic system
28. Air currents move clouds around the globe and cloud particles collide - grow - and fall out of the sky as ________ - Most of it falls back into the oceans or onto land - where the precipitation flows over the ground as surface runoff - portion of run
Sun
Solar System
precipitation
La Nina
29. When the moon is at first quarter or third quarter - the sun - earth and moon form a 90- degree (right) angle with the earth at the vertex - The combined effect of this alignment of the sun - earth - and moon results in tidal ranges on the earth - Wh
Evapotranspiration
Neap tide/neaps
Galaxies
Precipitation
30. Rising air currents take the vapor up into the atmopshere where cooler temperatures cause it to condense into ____
Pacific Ring of Fire
Latitude
Planets
clouds
31. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5
Earth's crust
Rainfall
Plate tectonics
El Nino and La Nina
32. The Pacific Ring of Fire has examples of volcanoes caused by ___________ coming together
Transpiration
Neap tide/neaps
Convergent tectonic plates
Climate
33. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years
Groundwater
Continental drift
Sun
moisture
34. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals (also known as biological weathering)
Asteroids
Rain shadow
Small islands
Chemical weathering
35. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift
Orogenic zones
Strata
Ice Age
La Nina
36. - The materials left over after the rock breaks down combine with organic material - The mineral content is determined by the parent material; thus - a soil derived from a single rock type can often be deficient in one or more minerals for good ferti
Transform plate movements
Mechanical/physical weathering
New moon
Soil
37. A huge ball of incandescent gases - Its mass is more than 300000 times that of the earth - Principal constituents are the lightest elements - hydrogen and helium
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Sun
Examples to support Continental drift theory
Pacific Ring of Fire
38. Takes approx. seven and a half earth months to revolve around the sun - Takes approx. eight earth months to rotate on its axis - a day on ________ is longer than a year
Law of original horizontality
Solar System
Venus
Distance
39. Some infiltration stays close to the land surface and can seep back into surface - water bodies (and the ocean) as...
groundwater discharge
Maritime air
Weight and mass
Groundwater
40. Believed to originate at a much greater distance from the Sun - in a cloud (the Oort cloud) consisting of debris left over from the condensation of solar nebula - Comets are thrown from the outer planets or nearby stars - or as a result of collisions
Law of superposition
Surface ocean temperature
50-100
Long - period comets
41. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone
Planets
Conglomerates
Stratus clouds
Solar eclipse
42. Spiral - elliptical - and irregular form are speckled throughout the visible universe - Largest telescope has detected galaxies to its limit of several billion light - years
Types of galaxies
Short - period comets
Maritime air
Tropical air
43. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line
Solar radiation
Gravity and inertia
New moon
Tectonic plates
44. Formed by sodium chloride
Photosphere
Long - period comets
Rock salt
Neap tide/neaps
45. Test the item against materials of known hardness; for example - use your fingernail or the graphite in a pencil to attempt to scratch the items. This process should result in assigning a relative hardness to the unknown items.
Mid - oceanic ridge
Scratch test
Full moon
The geological time scale
46. Erosion in many places is increased by human land use - Poor land - use practices include deforestation - overgrazing - unmanaged construction activity - and road building
Mantle plumes
Erosion and land use
Andromeda galaxy
Petroleum exploration
47. Deviates by an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees - Thus - at any given time during summer or winter - one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the sun - This exposure alternates as the earth revolves in its orbit
California coast
Sun's gravity
Erosion and land use
Axis tilt
48. The layers of sediment deposited in a quiet environment - Common sites of deposition are lakes - deltas at the mouths of rivers - beaches and sandbars along the coast - and (most important) the marine environment
Strata
Petroleum exploration
Full moon
Long linear arcs
49. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics
Percolation
Crust
Why weather occurs
Surface ocean temperature
50. The earth is believed to be about ___ billion years old
Estuary
5.6
Convergent tectonic plates
Types of galaxies