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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. When the moon is at first quarter or third quarter - the sun - earth and moon form a 90- degree (right) angle with the earth at the vertex - The combined effect of this alignment of the sun - earth - and moon results in tidal ranges on the earth - Wh
Mid - oceanic ridge
Neap tide/neaps
The rock cycle
Coral reef
2. A ______________ - such as the Mid - Atlantic Ridge - has examples of volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates pulling apart
Mid - oceanic ridge
Seasons
Snowmelt
Subsurface flow
3. The resulting dust layer would act as a shield - blocking out much of the sun's rays - This would result in lower global temperatures and a general _____ of the earth
Transpiration
cooling
Mohs' scale of hardness
snow
4. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration
Mineral color
- mP
Asteroids
Transpiration
5. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through direct contact with atmospheric conditions such as heat - water - ice - and pressure
Groundwater
Mechanical/physical weathering
Plate tectonics
Sublimation
6. Younger beds were originally deposited above older beds
Law of superposition
Latitude
California coast
Surface ocean currents
7. Bodies similar to the sun but immensely distant - Closest stars are 4 light - years away
The Gulf - Stream
Rocky planets and moons
lower elevation
Stars
8. The outermost part of the earth's interior is made up of two layers...
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Tidal range
Earth
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
9. Some water infiltrates deep into the ground and replenishes ________ - which store huge amounts of freshwater for long periods of time
Block mountains or fold mountains
Photosphere
29.5
aquifers
10. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e
Equinoxes
Rocky planets and moons
Erosion and land use
Mineral color
11. Somewhat cooler disturbances in the photosphere
Sunspots
Chaotic system
Types of clouds
Rock salt
12. Takes place when the moon passes between the earth and the sun - with the moon blocking the sunlight for about two minutes - A total ___________ may be seen only from a small zone on the earth
Why weather occurs
3/4
Sun
Solar eclipse
13. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years
Asteroids
Groundwater
Mechanical/physical weathering
10000
14. The cold - water current that flows north to south off the _____________ keeps the West Coast fairly cool during the summer - Cold - water currents create cooler temperatures in areas that would otherwise be much warmer
California coast
Diurnal
Law of superposition
Small islands
15. Two types of mountains are formed - depending on how the rock reacts to the tectonic forces
Block mountains or fold mountains
lower
Convergent tectonic plates
Distance
16. A warm - water current that carries warm water from the Tropics to the Arctic regions of the North Atlantic Ocean - This accounts for higher temperatures and higher humidity on the Eastern Seaboard during the summer
50-100
Petroleum exploration
Latitude
The Gulf - Stream
17. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Gravity and inertia
Strata
Metamorphic rocks
18. The source of energy for evaporation is primarily through ___________
Solar wind
Winter solstice
freshwater
Solar radiation
19. The rising of the earth's ocean surface caused by the tidal forces of the moon and the sun acting on the oceans
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
Continental drift
Earth's crust
Tides
20. Occur when two plates push together - Such faults are strong and relatively deep - Where the strongest earthquakes occur Example: mountain building in the Himalayas and the Andes
Convergent plate movements
Clastic
46%
Lunar eclipse
21. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Time zone
Transform plate movements
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
22. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans
Climate
Subsurface flow
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Full moon
23. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England
Hydrologic concepts
lower elevation
Extrusive
Longitude
24. Rocks are placed into groups according to how they form...
cooling
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
Convergent plate movements
larger planet
25. This upslope wind is called a...
29.5
El Nino
Major oceans
Valley breeze
26. Comprises one global - interconnected body of salt water often (though generally recognized as several separate oceans) - A continuous body of water with relatively free interchange among its parts
World/global ocean
Limestone
Plate tectonics
Cumulonibus clouds
27. Form when magma or lava cools and solidifies - Depending on the rate of cooling - can contain visible crystals - while others can appear glassy
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Igneous rocks
Time zone
Tectonic plates
28. The result of the buildup of once - living things
Smaller regions of the oceans
Density
Metamorphic rocks
Coral reef
29. The major mountains tend to occur in __________ - indicating tectonic plate boundaries and activity
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Long linear arcs
River
Time zone
30. A semi - closed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it - and with a free connection to the open sea - Often associated with high levels of biological diversity - They are made up of brackish water - Often given names
Crustal rocks
Standard time zones
Estuary
Climate
31. Theory that the earth's continents were originally united as a supercontinent - Pangaea - Established by Alfred Wegener in the early 1900s
Air mass
Mineral color
Continental drift
- cT
32. Some precipitation falls as ____ and can accumulate as ice caps and glaciers - which can store water for thousands of years
Air mass
Eclipses
Moon
snow
33. Method of using the present to interpret the past - Processes occurring today are observed carefully and their effects are measured - Then - geologists assume that similar effects in ancient rocks were caused by processes similar to those of the pres
Cumulonibus clouds
Uniformitarianism
Types of galaxies
Tectonic plates
34. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed
Types of clouds
Divergent plate movements
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
The geological time scale
35. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun
Cirrus clouds
50-100
Parallax
Winter solstice
36. The process of chemical or physical breakdown of earth rocks - soils - and their minerals
Crust
freshwater
Snowmelt
Weathering
37. Forms over the Tropics and is warm
California coast
Why weather occurs
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Tropical air
38. A land form that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area - with a peak - Usually produced by the movement of lithospheric plates
Convergent tectonic plates
Mantle
percolation
Mountain
39. Gas giants Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus and Neptune have diameters far larger than Earth's and have far greater masses
Axis tilt
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Rocky planets and moons
Weight and mass
40. Runoff and groundwater are stored as ________ in lakes
Tides
Igneous rocks
freshwater
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
41. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal
Intrusive
Speed of light
Gravity and inertia
Semidiurnal
42. Natural chemical compounds that are the crystals that make up rocks - Each has a specific composition or narrow range of composition
Minerals
Standard time zones
Lithosphere
Metamorphic rocks
43. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy
Small islands
Nuclear fusion
Subduction zones
Polar air
44. Tides may be...
Semidiurnal or diurnal
The geological time scale
aquifers
Limestone
45. The farther from the tropics you are positioned - the ________ the angle of the sun - This causes those locations to be cooler due to the indirect sunlight
lower
Erosion and land use
aquifers
Intrusive
46. Different visual appearance; when discovered - comets show a perceptible coma while asteroids do not
Minerals
Andromeda galaxy
Tidal range
The distinction between asteroids and comets
47. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert
Percolation
Crust
Evaporation
Rain shadow
48. Most sediments were deposited in beds that were originally horizontal - and any tilting is due to later earth movements
The earth's structure
Law of original horizontality
Mid - oceanic ridge
Smaller regions of the oceans
49. Huge systems of stars - Milky Way is estimated to have 100 billion stars arranged in a great disk
snow
Short - period comets
Continental air
Galaxies
50. Characterized by similar temperatures and moisture levels
Tides
Air mass
Law of original horizontality
Cleavage