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CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Volcanoes are also found in __________ - where the denser oceanic plates are forced under continental plates; this adds massive volumes of water to the mantle - allowing magma to melt more readily and rise to the surface to form volcanoes






2. Air currents move clouds around the globe and cloud particles collide - grow - and fall out of the sky as ________ - Most of it falls back into the oceans or onto land - where the precipitation flows over the ground as surface runoff - portion of run






3. The spectra of distant objects display a red shift - which is interpreted as meaning that they are rapidly receding from us - This apparent expansion of the universe has given rise to the big bang theory of cosmology - in which one primeval mass expl






4. Giant masses of solid rock that float upon the earth's mantle - These plates move in relation to one another at one of three types of plate boundaries...






5. Oceans cover __ of the earth's surface






6. Forms over the Tropics and is warm






7. Smooth layers of low clouds that indicate a chance of drizzle or snow






8. Occur when two plates pull away from each other - Such faults are generally weak and shallow Example: the Mid - Atlantic Range in the Atlantic Ocean






9. Volcanoes can be caused by '____________'; these so - called hotspots - as in Hawaii - can occur far from plate boundaries






10. Defined by geometrically subdividing the earth's spheroid into 24 lunes (wedge - shaped sections) - bordered by meridians - each 15






11. Sun heats water in the oceans - Water evaporates as vapor into the air - Ice and snow can sublimate directly into water vapor...- Over time - the water reenters the ocean - where the water cycle started






12. The difference between levels of ocean water at high and low tides






13. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog






14. Some groundwater finds openings in the land surface and emerges as...






15. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics






16. Sometimes called minor planets or planetoids - Bodies






17. Large - scale movements of the earth's lithosphere - - The theory encompasses the older concepts of continental drift (first half of 20th century) and seafloor spreading (1960s)






18. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)






19. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years






20. Form when magma or lava cools and solidifies - Depending on the rate of cooling - can contain visible crystals - while others can appear glassy






21. Occurs when the moon sets at sunset - Then the moon is between the earth and the sun - so we see only the dark half of the moon






22. The evaporation of these oceans is how we get most of our __________ - and their temperature determines our climate and wind patterns






23. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures






24. Affected by factors such as weathering and impurities






25. A natural flow of water - usually freshwater - traveling toward an ocean - a lake - or another stream






26. The transformation of water from liquid to gas phases as it moves from the ground or bodies of water into the overlying atmosphere






27. Zero degrees latitude - generally has a tropical climate (warm and wet); at the extreme northern and southern latitudes (polar regions) - the climate is very cold and dry






28. Large - dark clouds that indicate thunderstorms






29. The earth is believed to be about ___ billion years old






30. Characterized by similar temperatures and moisture levels






31. How much matter is in the object






32. Occur when two plates slip past each other - Such faults are generally moderate and are relatively shallow Example: The San Andreas Fault






33. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years






34. Earth movements - The result of forces within the earth - where temperature and pressure differences lead to instability






35. Paleontology: Fossil evidence indicates the similarity of fossils on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean - Continental 'jigsaw puzzle': The outlines of the continents seem to fit together






36. Volcanoes are generally found where ________ are diverging or converging






37. The flow of water underground - in the vadose zone and aquifers - Subsurface water may return to the surface (as a spring or by being pumped) or eventually seep into the oceans






38. Scientists theorize that massive volcanic eruptions on a global scale contributed to the earth's cooling - resulting in the onset of the...






39. The strength of gravity in our solar system depends on both the masses of the celestial objects and the _______ between them






40. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an






41. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)






42. Occurs at the instant when the sun's position in the sky is at its greatest angular distance on the other side of the equatorial plane from the observer's hemisphere - Depending on the shift of the calendar - the winter solstice occurs some time betw






43. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e






44. Huge systems of stars - Milky Way is estimated to have 100 billion stars arranged in a great disk






45. Forms over water and is associated with wet air






46. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone






47. A land form that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area - with a peak - Usually produced by the movement of lithospheric plates






48. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted






49. The strong temperature contrast between polar and tropical air gives rise to the ________






50. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths







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