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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The science of the atmosphere and weather
Limestone
Estuary
Meteorology
11
2. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift
Orogenic zones
Altostratus clouds
- cT
Moon
3. Sometimes called minor planets or planetoids - Bodies
Asteroids
Mechanical/physical weathering
- cT
freshwater springs
4. The precipitation that is intercepted by plant foliage and eventually evaporates back to the atmosphere rather than falling to the ground
World/global ocean
Mid - oceanic ridge
Canopy interception
Mechanical/physical weathering
5. The cold - water current that flows north to south off the _____________ keeps the West Coast fairly cool during the summer - Cold - water currents create cooler temperatures in areas that would otherwise be much warmer
Distance
Sedimentary rocks
California coast
Time zone
6. A natural flow of water - usually freshwater - traveling toward an ocean - a lake - or another stream
Crustal rocks
California coast
Mountain
River
7. Earth movements - The result of forces within the earth - where temperature and pressure differences lead to instability
Asteroids
Crustal rocks
California coast
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
8. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________
Photosphere
Galactic center
Strata
Parallax
9. Continental tropical (dry - warm air)
Surface ocean currents
- cT
Examples to support Continental drift theory
Styles of rock deformation
10. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years
- cP
Sublimation
10000
Deserts
11. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes
Time zone
Tectonic plates
Crust
Short - period comets
12. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics
Why weather occurs
Rain shadow
El Nino
lower elevation
13. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods
The geological time scale
Solar System
Comet
Plate tectonics
14. Some precipitation falls as ____ and can accumulate as ice caps and glaciers - which can store water for thousands of years
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Rocky planets and moons
snow
46%
15. Largest zone of the planet (68%); crystalline silicates - rich in magnesium - calcium - and iron; very hot and mainly solid - but local melting to magma is the source of volcanic eruptions
Mantle
The equator
3/4
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
16. Deviates by an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees - Thus - at any given time during summer or winter - one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the sun - This exposure alternates as the earth revolves in its orbit
Igneous rocks
Latitude
Axis tilt
clouds
17. Occur when two plates slip past each other - Such faults are generally moderate and are relatively shallow Example: The San Andreas Fault
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Transform plate movements
The equator
Cumulonibus clouds
18. Two feldspars (orthoclase and plagioclase) - quartz - olivine - and augite - These five minerals are silicates - built from interlocking silicon and oxygen atoms
groundwater discharge
Tropical air
Snow packs
The most abundant minerals in the crust
19. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000
Tectonic plates
50-100
Photosphere
Evapotranspiration
20. 4 terrestrials: Mercury - Venus - Mars - Earth 4 gas giants: Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune At least 5 dwarf planets: Ceres - Pluto - Makemake - Haumea - Eris
Galaxies
El Nino
Minerals
Solar System
21. On maps - the characteristics of an air mass are represented by two letters: The lowercase letter represents ________ - and the uppercase letter represents temperature
Coral reef
moisture
Sunspots
10000
22. 186000 miles/second
Rocky planets and moons
Polar air
Planets
Speed of light
23. A major determiner of coastal climate
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Igneous rocks
Surface ocean temperature
10000
24. Around a new or full moon - when the sun - moon - and the earth form a line - the tidal forces due to the sun reinforce those of the moon - The tide's range is at a maximum and is called a spring tide (spring as in 'to jump/leap -' not the season)
Planets
Spring tide
jet stream
Mohs' scale of hardness
25. Not all runoff flows into rivers; much of it infiltrates into the ground through...
Short - period comets
Longitude
percolation
Convergent tectonic plates
26. Due to a combination of differential heating and geometry - hen the sun rises - it is the tops of the mountain peaks which receive first light - and as the day progresses - the mountain slopes take on a greater heat load than the valleys - This resul
Latitude
Solar wind
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Tropical air
27. Refers to the long - term weather patterns of a large geographical area and takes into account temperature - humidity - and precipitation
Seasons
Climate
- mP
Sunspots
28. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
Tectonic plates
Pacific Ring of Fire
29. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England
Coral reef
Andromeda galaxy
Longitude
Long - period comets
30. The North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean - and thus its temperature extremes are buffered by the water - The result is that the South Pole is consistently _______ during the southern winter than the North Pole during the northern winter
Intrusive
moisture
Colder
Clastic
31. Occurs at the instant when the sun's position in the sky is at its greatest angular distance on the other side of the equatorial plane from the observer's hemisphere - Depending on the shift of the calendar - the winter solstice occurs some time betw
Winter solstice
5.6
46%
Latitude
32. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms
Subsurface flow
Stars
Weather phenomena on earth
lower elevation
33. Continental polar (dry - cold air)
El Nino and La Nina
Eclipses
- cP
Snowmelt
34. The tendency of a moving object to stay in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place - Without _______ - a planet would be pulled into the sun
Hydrologic concepts
Air mass
Inertia
Plate tectonics
35. Affected by factors such as weathering and impurities
Sun
Solar radiation
Daylight saving time zones
Mineral color
36. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals (also known as biological weathering)
Mohs' scale of hardness
Snowmelt
Chemical weathering
Sun's gravity
37. The degrees north or south of the equator
The equator
Geology
Sunspots
Latitude
38. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Moon
Rocky planets and moons
Sun
39. The science that describes and interprets the earth Fields: - Geomorphology (land forms) - Petrology (rocks) - Stratigraphy (layered rocks) - Paleontology (fossils)
11
Convergent plate movements
Geology
Mineral color
40. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune
Altostratus clouds
Diurnal
Short - period comets
Long linear arcs
41. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone
Speed of light
Canopy interception
Rainfall
Conglomerates
42. Some isolated mountains were produced by volcanoes - including many apparently ________ that reach a great height above the ocean floor
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
Convergent tectonic plates
Galactic center
Small islands
43. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...
groundwater discharge
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Longitude
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
44. Theory that the earth's continents were originally united as a supercontinent - Pangaea - Established by Alfred Wegener in the early 1900s
Block mountains or fold mountains
Spring tide
Examples to support Continental drift theory
Continental drift
45. Smooth layers of low clouds that indicate a chance of drizzle or snow
Stratus clouds
Andromeda galaxy
- cP
Surface temperature
46. The strength of gravity in our solar system depends on both the masses of the celestial objects and the _______ between them
Rocky planets and moons
Galactic center
Distance
Troposhere
47. Characterized by similar temperatures and moisture levels
Inertia
10000
Air mass
Conglomerates
48. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an
Hydrologic concepts
Coral reef
The geological time scale
Sedimentary rocks
49. The evaporation of these oceans is how we get most of our __________ - and their temperature determines our climate and wind patterns
Continental drift
Longitude
Rainfall
Convergent tectonic plates
50. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths
Nuclear fusion
Latitude
Semidiurnal
Intrusive