Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000






2. Volcanoes can be caused by '____________'; these so - called hotspots - as in Hawaii - can occur far from plate boundaries






3. Classified as warm - water or cold - water currents






4. Cirrus - Stratus - Cumulonimbus - Altostratus






5. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed






6. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate






7. This upslope wind is called a...






8. This scale assigns a fixed number to 10 reference materials. Talc (1) is the softest and diamond (10) is the hardest

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9. (or summer time zones) include an offset (typically +1 hour) for daylight saving time






10. The degrees north or south of the equator






11. Continental polar (dry - cold air)






12. Younger beds were originally deposited above older beds






13. Natural chemical compounds that are the crystals that make up rocks - Each has a specific composition or narrow range of composition






14. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5






15. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p






16. Faulting and folding






17. The rising of the earth's ocean surface caused by the tidal forces of the moon and the sun acting on the oceans






18. Spiral - elliptical - and irregular form are speckled throughout the visible universe - Largest telescope has detected galaxies to its limit of several billion light - years






19. 1 hour of time






20. The lateral movement of the plates is typically at speeds of ___ mm annually






21. Bodies similar to the sun but immensely distant - Closest stars are 4 light - years away






22. Earth movements - The result of forces within the earth - where temperature and pressure differences lead to instability






23. Seasons are marked by changes in the amount of sunlight - which in turn often cause cycles of dormancy in plants and hibernation in animals - These effects vary with latitude and with proximity to bodies of water






24. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years






25. Take up about 1/3 of the earth's land surface - many are formed by rain shadows - Usually have a large diurnal (day) and seasonal temperature range - with high daytime temperatures






26. Smooth layers of low clouds that indicate a chance of drizzle or snow






27. Gas giants Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus and Neptune have diameters far larger than Earth's and have far greater masses






28. Hotspot volcanoes are also found elsewhere in the Solar System - especially on...






29. The movement of rainwater as it filters through soil and rocks into the ground - becoming groundwater






30. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures






31. Forms south of the Arctic and is cold






32. Deviates by an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees - Thus - at any given time during summer or winter - one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the sun - This exposure alternates as the earth revolves in its orbit






33. Takes place when the moon passes between the earth and the sun - with the moon blocking the sunlight for about two minutes - A total ___________ may be seen only from a small zone on the earth






34. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy






35. The transformation of water from liquid to gas phases as it moves from the ground or bodies of water into the overlying atmosphere






36. Condensed water vapor that falls to the earth's surface - Most precipitation occurs as rain - but also includes snow - hail - fog drip - graupel - and sleet






37. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths






38. 186000 miles/second






39. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e






40. A region of the earth that has uniform standard time - usually referred to as the local time - divided into standard and daylight saving (or summer)






41. The precipitation that is intercepted by plant foliage and eventually evaporates back to the atmosphere rather than falling to the ground






42. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals (also known as biological weathering)






43. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England






44. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics






45. Travels in an orbit that is slightly elliptical (oval) - and so the distance from the sun ranges from 91.5 to 94.5 million miles - Its daily rotation deforms the earth to a flattened spheroid - with a polar radius slightly less than the equatorial ra






46. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th






47. Can thaw and melt - and the ensuing water flows overland as snowmelt






48. Large - dark clouds that indicate thunderstorms






49. Cause pressure differences - A hot surface heats the air above it and the air expands - lowering the air pressure and its density






50. Seas - gulfs - bays - and other names