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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Volcanoes are also found in __________ - where the denser oceanic plates are forced under continental plates; this adds massive volumes of water to the mantle - allowing magma to melt more readily and rise to the surface to form volcanoes
Snow packs
Subduction zones
Types of galaxies
Planets
2. The North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean - and thus its temperature extremes are buffered by the water - The result is that the South Pole is consistently _______ during the southern winter than the North Pole during the northern winter
Mantle
Full moon
Tidal range
Colder
3. A major determiner of coastal climate
Gravity and inertia
Surface ocean temperature
46%
Troposhere
4. Earth movements - The result of forces within the earth - where temperature and pressure differences lead to instability
Troposhere
Diurnal
Polar air
Crustal rocks
5. Faulting and folding
Weather phenomena on earth
Styles of rock deformation
Galaxies
Small islands
6. The motive force behind land breezes and sea/lake breezes - also known as on - or off - shore winds - Land absorbs and radiates heat faster than water - but water releases heat over a longer period of time
Differential heating
California coast
Rain shadow
Latitude
7. Form when magma or lava cools and solidifies - Depending on the rate of cooling - can contain visible crystals - while others can appear glassy
El Nino
Mid - oceanic ridge
Igneous rocks
Photosphere
8. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years
Surface ocean currents
jet stream
Groundwater
Smaller regions of the oceans
9. The degrees north or south of the equator
Latitude
Opposite seasons
Fossils
The equator
10. The layers of sediment deposited in a quiet environment - Common sites of deposition are lakes - deltas at the mouths of rivers - beaches and sandbars along the coast - and (most important) the marine environment
Ice Age
The geological time scale
Strata
Sedimentary rocks
11. Continental polar (dry - cold air)
- cP
Orogenic zones
El Nino
Hydrologic concepts
12. A warm - water current that carries warm water from the Tropics to the Arctic regions of the North Atlantic Ocean - This accounts for higher temperatures and higher humidity on the Eastern Seaboard during the summer
Rainfall
The Gulf - Stream
Chemical weathering
Sun's gravity
13. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted
Runoff
Intrusive
The Gulf - Stream
Erosion
14. The major mountains tend to occur in __________ - indicating tectonic plate boundaries and activity
Rain shadow
Mantle plumes
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Long linear arcs
15. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes
Geology
Crust
Earth
Maritime air
16. Affected by factors such as weathering and impurities
Extrusive
Cirrus clouds
Scratch test
Mineral color
17. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration
aquifers
Transpiration
Time zone
Meteorology
18. The earth is believed to be about ___ billion years old
lower
Density
Nuclear fusion
5.6
19. Cause pressure differences - A hot surface heats the air above it and the air expands - lowering the air pressure and its density
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
Meteorology
Percolation
Surface temperature differences
20. The transformation of water from liquid to gas phases as it moves from the ground or bodies of water into the overlying atmosphere
29.5
Coral reef
Rocky planets and moons
Evaporation
21. The outermost part of the earth's interior is made up of two layers...
Latitude
Meteorology
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Earth
22. The spectra of distant objects display a red shift - which is interpreted as meaning that they are rapidly receding from us - This apparent expansion of the universe has given rise to the big bang theory of cosmology - in which one primeval mass expl
Erosion and land use
Subduction zones
Transform plate movements
The big bang theory of cosmology
23. Largest zone of the planet (68%); crystalline silicates - rich in magnesium - calcium - and iron; very hot and mainly solid - but local melting to magma is the source of volcanic eruptions
Long - period comets
Rain shadow
The rock cycle
Mantle
24. Refers to the long - term weather patterns of a large geographical area and takes into account temperature - humidity - and precipitation
Full moon
Time zone
Rock salt
Climate
25. Occur when two plates push together - Such faults are strong and relatively deep - Where the strongest earthquakes occur Example: mountain building in the Himalayas and the Andes
Evapotranspiration
Nuclear fusion
Convergent plate movements
Examples to support Continental drift theory
26. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy
Igneous rocks
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Nuclear fusion
Seasons
27. The best determiner of climate - as it is consistently and directly correlated with temperature - other factors: Rain shadows - as well as water currents - elevation and so forth
Latitude
Small islands
Troposhere
29.5
28. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________
Convergent plate movements
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Galactic center
Precipitation
29. Paleontology: Fossil evidence indicates the similarity of fossils on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean - Continental 'jigsaw puzzle': The outlines of the continents seem to fit together
Differential heating
Examples to support Continental drift theory
Longitude
Cumulonibus clouds
30. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow
Altostratus clouds
cooling
Stars
Canopy interception
31. Seas - gulfs - bays - and other names
Smaller regions of the oceans
Solar eclipse
- mT
Earth's crust
32. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...
33. How much matter is in the object
Long - period comets
Density
Air mass
New moon
34. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics
Weathering
Rock salt
Why weather occurs
Density
35. Center: 3000
36. Giant masses of solid rock that float upon the earth's mantle - These plates move in relation to one another at one of three types of plate boundaries...
El Nino
29.5
Air mass
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
37. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England
Longitude
Long linear arcs
percolation
Meteorology
38. Smooth layers of low clouds that indicate a chance of drizzle or snow
Stratus clouds
Surface ocean temperature
Strata
Block mountains or fold mountains
39. Take up about 1/3 of the earth's land surface - many are formed by rain shadows - Usually have a large diurnal (day) and seasonal temperature range - with high daytime temperatures
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
New moon
Air mass
Deserts
40. A ______________ - such as the Mid - Atlantic Ridge - has examples of volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates pulling apart
Rain shadow
Minerals
Types of galaxies
Mid - oceanic ridge
41. The rising of the earth's ocean surface caused by the tidal forces of the moon and the sun acting on the oceans
Altostratus clouds
Tides
Earth
Crustal rocks
42. Tides may be...
- cP
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
Ice Age
Semidiurnal or diurnal
43. Somewhat cooler disturbances in the photosphere
Standard time zones
Conglomerates
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
Sunspots
44. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms
River
Subsurface flow
Weather phenomena on earth
Maritime air
45. Stars with the highest ___________ appear blue - while stars with the lowest surface temperature appear red
Surface temperature
Chaotic system
Semidiurnal
Surface ocean temperature
46. Typically the tidal mouths of rivers and are often characterized by _____________ or silt carried in from terrestrial runoff - frequently from offshore
Solar wind
Clastic
Nuclear fusion
Sedimentation
47. A semi - closed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it - and with a free connection to the open sea - Often associated with high levels of biological diversity - They are made up of brackish water - Often given names
Estuary
Chemical weathering
Altostratus clouds
Extrusive
48. Not all runoff flows into rivers; much of it infiltrates into the ground through...
percolation
lower
Evaporation
Comet
49. The difference between levels of ocean water at high and low tides
Cumulonibus clouds
Tidal range
Meteorology
Diurnal
50. The cold - water current that flows north to south off the _____________ keeps the West Coast fairly cool during the summer - Cold - water currents create cooler temperatures in areas that would otherwise be much warmer
California coast
Orogenic zones
The big bang theory of cosmology
Petroleum exploration