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CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. One tidal cycle per day






2. The tendency of a moving object to stay in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place - Without _______ - a planet would be pulled into the sun






3. Occurs at the instant when the sun's position in the sky is at its greatest angular distance on the other side of the equatorial plane from the observer's hemisphere - Depending on the shift of the calendar - the winter solstice occurs some time betw






4. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...






5. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p






6. Some infiltration stays close to the land surface and can seep back into surface - water bodies (and the ocean) as...






7. The degrees north or south of the equator






8. Not all runoff flows into rivers; much of it infiltrates into the ground through...






9. Occur along plate boundaries






10. The atmosphere is a __________ - and so small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole - This makes it difficult to accurately predict weather more than a few days in advance






11. A continuous drill would find gas - oil - and water in that order - The three substances occur in their order of density - with the lightest substance on top and the heaviest on the bottom






12. Seasons are marked by changes in the amount of sunlight - which in turn often cause cycles of dormancy in plants and hibernation in animals - These effects vary with latitude and with proximity to bodies of water






13. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed






14. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift






15. Around a new or full moon - when the sun - moon - and the earth form a line - the tidal forces due to the sun reinforce those of the moon - The tide's range is at a maximum and is called a spring tide (spring as in 'to jump/leap -' not the season)






16. Smooth layers of low clouds that indicate a chance of drizzle or snow






17. Faulting and folding






18. The process in which one type of rock changes into another






19. Earth movements - The result of forces within the earth - where temperature and pressure differences lead to instability






20. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years






21. On maps - the characteristics of an air mass are represented by two letters: The lowercase letter represents ________ - and the uppercase letter represents temperature






22. Air currents move clouds around the globe and cloud particles collide - grow - and fall out of the sky as ________ - Most of it falls back into the oceans or onto land - where the precipitation flows over the ground as surface runoff - portion of run






23. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration






24. Comprises one global - interconnected body of salt water often (though generally recognized as several separate oceans) - A continuous body of water with relatively free interchange among its parts






25. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...






26. Seas - gulfs - bays - and other names






27. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic






28. The cold - water current that flows north to south off the _____________ keeps the West Coast fairly cool during the summer - Cold - water currents create cooler temperatures in areas that would otherwise be much warmer






29. Tides may be...






30. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)






31. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an






32. Form when magma or lava cools and solidifies - Depending on the rate of cooling - can contain visible crystals - while others can appear glassy






33. A natural flow of water - usually freshwater - traveling toward an ocean - a lake - or another stream






34. The strength of gravity in our solar system depends on both the masses of the celestial objects and the _______ between them






35. The resulting dust layer would act as a shield - blocking out much of the sun's rays - This would result in lower global temperatures and a general _____ of the earth






36. Some isolated mountains were produced by volcanoes - including many apparently ________ that reach a great height above the ocean floor






37. After the moon has waxed through crescent - quarter - and gibbous phases - a ________ appears - At that time - the moon rises at sunset - and we see all of its illuminated side - Then the phase wanes gradually to another new moon






38. Runoff and groundwater are stored as ________ in lakes






39. 4 terrestrials: Mercury - Venus - Mars - Earth 4 gas giants: Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune At least 5 dwarf planets: Ceres - Pluto - Makemake - Haumea - Eris






40. The lateral movement of the plates is typically at speeds of ___ mm annually






41. This scale assigns a fixed number to 10 reference materials. Talc (1) is the softest and diamond (10) is the hardest

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42. The strong temperature contrast between polar and tropical air gives rise to the ________






43. Occur when two plates slip past each other - Such faults are generally moderate and are relatively shallow Example: The San Andreas Fault






44. Precipitation - Canopy interception - Snowmelt - Runoff - Percolation - Subsurface flow- Evaporation - Sublimation - Condensation






45. Large - scale movements of the earth's lithosphere - - The theory encompasses the older concepts of continental drift (first half of 20th century) and seafloor spreading (1960s)






46. Rising air currents take the vapor up into the atmopshere where cooler temperatures cause it to condense into ____






47. The North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean - and thus its temperature extremes are buffered by the water - The result is that the South Pole is consistently _______ during the southern winter than the North Pole during the northern winter






48. Characterized by similar temperatures and moisture levels






49. Forms over the Tropics and is warm






50. The fossiliferous strata record is only the last __% of the earth's history







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