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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A major determiner of coastal climate
Surface ocean temperature
moisture
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Tides
2. Some water infiltrates deep into the ground and replenishes ________ - which store huge amounts of freshwater for long periods of time
Percolation
Plate tectonics
aquifers
snow
3. Faulting and folding
Minerals
Surface temperature
Styles of rock deformation
Density
4. Around a new or full moon - when the sun - moon - and the earth form a line - the tidal forces due to the sun reinforce those of the moon - The tide's range is at a maximum and is called a spring tide (spring as in 'to jump/leap -' not the season)
Spring tide
Clastic
lower
Law of original horizontality
5. Seasons are marked by changes in the amount of sunlight - which in turn often cause cycles of dormancy in plants and hibernation in animals - These effects vary with latitude and with proximity to bodies of water
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
46%
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Long - period comets
6. 1 hour of time
Rain shadow
15
Surface temperature differences
Winter solstice
7. Most sediments were deposited in beds that were originally horizontal - and any tilting is due to later earth movements
Law of original horizontality
- mT
The geological time scale
Crustal rocks
8. A natural flow of water - usually freshwater - traveling toward an ocean - a lake - or another stream
Eclipses
Examples to support Continental drift theory
River
Transform plate movements
9. Solar Atmosphere is divided into the inner chromosphere with explosive prominences and the outer corona - a glowing halo visible only during a total eclipse - Constantly emitting particles as a...
precipitation
Solar wind
percolation
Intrusive
10. Volcanoes are also found in __________ - where the denser oceanic plates are forced under continental plates; this adds massive volumes of water to the mantle - allowing magma to melt more readily and rise to the surface to form volcanoes
Evaporation
Cleavage
snow
Subduction zones
11. The fossiliferous strata record is only the last __% of the earth's history
- cT
46%
11
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
12. The spectra of distant objects display a red shift - which is interpreted as meaning that they are rapidly receding from us - This apparent expansion of the universe has given rise to the big bang theory of cosmology - in which one primeval mass expl
Continental air
Rock salt
The big bang theory of cosmology
29.5
13. Seas - gulfs - bays - and other names
Minerals
Estuary
Smaller regions of the oceans
Sun
14. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow
Maritime air
- cT
Altostratus clouds
Types of clouds
15. Zero degrees latitude - generally has a tropical climate (warm and wet); at the extreme northern and southern latitudes (polar regions) - the climate is very cold and dry
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
moisture
Fossils
The equator
16. After the moon has waxed through crescent - quarter - and gibbous phases - a ________ appears - At that time - the moon rises at sunset - and we see all of its illuminated side - Then the phase wanes gradually to another new moon
percolation
Full moon
Cumulonibus clouds
Geology
17. Travels in an orbit that is slightly elliptical (oval) - and so the distance from the sun ranges from 91.5 to 94.5 million miles - Its daily rotation deforms the earth to a flattened spheroid - with a polar radius slightly less than the equatorial ra
Meteorology
Erosion
Valley breeze
Earth
18. The North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean - and thus its temperature extremes are buffered by the water - The result is that the South Pole is consistently _______ during the southern winter than the North Pole during the northern winter
Colder
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
El Nino and La Nina
El Nino
19. Forms over land and is associated with dry air
Standard time zones
The geological time scale
Continental air
Uniformitarianism
20. Defined by geometrically subdividing the earth's spheroid into 24 lunes (wedge - shaped sections) - bordered by meridians - each 15
Standard time zones
Eclipses
percolation
Soil
21. Can influence climate by sending tremendous volumes of dust - ash - and smoke into the atmosphere
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
Photosphere
Surface temperature
22. Some groundwater finds openings in the land surface and emerges as...
Subsurface flow
Sun
freshwater springs
Axis tilt
23. Igneous rock that forms on the earth's surface - Examples obsidian - basalt - and pumice
Estuary
Galactic center
Extrusive
46%
24. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone
Galactic center
Conglomerates
The Gulf - Stream
- cT
25. Characterized by similar temperatures and moisture levels
Lunar eclipse
aquifers
Stars
Air mass
26. Some precipitation falls as ____ and can accumulate as ice caps and glaciers - which can store water for thousands of years
Parallax
Clastic
46%
snow
27. The result of the buildup of once - living things
Coral reef
Types of clouds
Sedimentary rocks
Types of galaxies
28. The science of the atmosphere and weather
Igneous rocks
Cirrus clouds
Rainfall
Meteorology
29. Smooth layers of low clouds that indicate a chance of drizzle or snow
New moon
Stratus clouds
Estuary
jet stream
30. The process in which one type of rock changes into another
The rock cycle
La Nina
Mantle
Uniformitarianism
31. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Short - period comets
Solar wind
Ways magma can form
32. Forms south of the Arctic and is cold
Polar air
5.6
larger planet
freshwater
33. This scale assigns a fixed number to 10 reference materials. Talc (1) is the softest and diamond (10) is the hardest
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34. - The materials left over after the rock breaks down combine with organic material - The mineral content is determined by the parent material; thus - a soil derived from a single rock type can often be deficient in one or more minerals for good ferti
World/global ocean
Weight and mass
Chaotic system
Soil
35. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal
California coast
29.5
- cT
Semidiurnal
36. The outermost part of the earth's interior is made up of two layers...
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Solar System
Transform plate movements
Air mass
37. Texture is important in classifying ______ sedimentary rocks
Solar System
Minerals
Tidal range
Clastic
38. The source of energy for evaporation is primarily through ___________
Law of superposition
Speed of light
Tidal range
Solar radiation
39. Traces of ancient life preserved in the strata as shells - footprints - and the like - Soft plant and animal tissues decompose quickly in the presence of decay bacteria - which exist wherever oxygen exists
Parallax
Fossils
Photosphere
Air mass
40. Deviates by an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees - Thus - at any given time during summer or winter - one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the sun - This exposure alternates as the earth revolves in its orbit
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
Sublimation
Axis tilt
Neap tide/neaps
41. Loose collections of ice - dust - and small rocky particles - measuring a few kilometers or tens of kilometers across
Transform plate movements
Clastic
- cP
Comet nuclei
42. A land form that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area - with a peak - Usually produced by the movement of lithospheric plates
Mountain
Erosion and land use
Colder
The rock cycle
43. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth
Moon
clouds
Small islands
Ice Age
44. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift
Rain shadow
Earth's crust
Orogenic zones
Surface ocean temperature
45. Center: 3000
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46. Runoff and groundwater are stored as ________ in lakes
freshwater
groundwater discharge
Stars
11
47. Pulls the planets toward the sun - while their inertia keeps them moving forward in an elliptical orbit around the sun
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48. On maps - the characteristics of an air mass are represented by two letters: The lowercase letter represents ________ - and the uppercase letter represents temperature
Plate tectonics
moisture
Rock salt
Conglomerates
49. A huge ball of incandescent gases - Its mass is more than 300000 times that of the earth - Principal constituents are the lightest elements - hydrogen and helium
Planets
Sun
California coast
5.6
50. Precipitation - Canopy interception - Snowmelt - Runoff - Percolation - Subsurface flow- Evaporation - Sublimation - Condensation
Types of clouds
Pacific Ring of Fire
Hydrologic concepts
Seasons
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