Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Featherlike clouds that indicate fair weather






2. Ancient astronomers found that eclipses occurred periodically and learned to predict them accurately - Lunar and solar






3. Forms over land and is associated with dry air






4. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods






5. Some infiltration stays close to the land surface and can seep back into surface - water bodies (and the ocean) as...






6. Formed by sodium chloride






7. A continuous drill would find gas - oil - and water in that order - The three substances occur in their order of density - with the lightest substance on top and the heaviest on the bottom






8. Bbreaking along flat surfaces






9. The outermost part of the earth's interior is made up of two layers...






10. The North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean - and thus its temperature extremes are buffered by the water - The result is that the South Pole is consistently _______ during the southern winter than the North Pole during the northern winter






11. Refers to the long - term weather patterns of a large geographical area and takes into account temperature - humidity - and precipitation






12. Zero degrees latitude - generally has a tropical climate (warm and wet); at the extreme northern and southern latitudes (polar regions) - the climate is very cold and dry






13. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an






14. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog






15. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler

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16. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon






17. Occur when two plates slip past each other - Such faults are generally moderate and are relatively shallow Example: The San Andreas Fault






18. Takes approx. seven and a half earth months to revolve around the sun - Takes approx. eight earth months to rotate on its axis - a day on ________ is longer than a year






19. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic






20. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5






21. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...






22. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths






23. One tidal cycle per day






24. Occur when two plates push together - Such faults are strong and relatively deep - Where the strongest earthquakes occur Example: mountain building in the Himalayas and the Andes






25. Further caused by the elliptical orbit of the earth - Earth reaches perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the sun) in January - and it reaches aphelion (farthest point from the sun) in July - Also depend on factors such as proximity to oceans






26. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years






27. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes






28. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000






29. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures






30. 4 terrestrials: Mercury - Venus - Mars - Earth 4 gas giants: Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune At least 5 dwarf planets: Ceres - Pluto - Makemake - Haumea - Eris






31. Texture is important in classifying ______ sedimentary rocks






32. The fossiliferous strata record is only the last __% of the earth's history






33. The science of the atmosphere and weather






34. The cold - water current that flows north to south off the _____________ keeps the West Coast fairly cool during the summer - Cold - water currents create cooler temperatures in areas that would otherwise be much warmer






35. Tides may be...






36. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________






37. The transformation of water from liquid to gas phases as it moves from the ground or bodies of water into the overlying atmosphere






38. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p






39. How much matter is in the object






40. Some groundwater finds openings in the land surface and emerges as...






41. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)






42. After the moon has waxed through crescent - quarter - and gibbous phases - a ________ appears - At that time - the moon rises at sunset - and we see all of its illuminated side - Then the phase wanes gradually to another new moon






43. The layers of sediment deposited in a quiet environment - Common sites of deposition are lakes - deltas at the mouths of rivers - beaches and sandbars along the coast - and (most important) the marine environment






44. Divided into two main types: large - low- density gas giants and smaller - rocky terrestrials - There are at least 341 identified _______ - 8 of which are in the Solar System






45. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune






46. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted






47. Erosion in many places is increased by human land use - Poor land - use practices include deforestation - overgrazing - unmanaged construction activity - and road building






48. Igneous rock that forms on the earth's surface - Examples obsidian - basalt - and pumice






49. Form when magma or lava cools and solidifies - Depending on the rate of cooling - can contain visible crystals - while others can appear glassy






50. A region of the earth that has uniform standard time - usually referred to as the local time - divided into standard and daylight saving (or summer)