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CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Formed from calcium carbonate - also an example of chemical sedimentary rocks - like roock salt - can contain organic or once - living matter and can record the history of that matter's formation in features such as strata - fossil evidence - and rip






2. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...

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3. A continuous drill would find gas - oil - and water in that order - The three substances occur in their order of density - with the lightest substance on top and the heaviest on the bottom






4. Sun heats water in the oceans - Water evaporates as vapor into the air - Ice and snow can sublimate directly into water vapor...- Over time - the water reenters the ocean - where the water cycle started






5. Occur when two plates push together - Such faults are strong and relatively deep - Where the strongest earthquakes occur Example: mountain building in the Himalayas and the Andes






6. The movement (carrying away or displacement) of solids (sediment - soil - rock - and other particles) - usually by the agents of currents such as wind - water - or ice by downward or down - slope movement in response to gravity






7. When the moon is at first quarter or third quarter - the sun - earth and moon form a 90- degree (right) angle with the earth at the vertex - The combined effect of this alignment of the sun - earth - and moon results in tidal ranges on the earth - Wh






8. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e






9. Seasons are marked by changes in the amount of sunlight - which in turn often cause cycles of dormancy in plants and hibernation in animals - These effects vary with latitude and with proximity to bodies of water






10. The rising of the earth's ocean surface caused by the tidal forces of the moon and the sun acting on the oceans






11. Huge systems of stars - Milky Way is estimated to have 100 billion stars arranged in a great disk






12. Air currents move clouds around the globe and cloud particles collide - grow - and fall out of the sky as ________ - Most of it falls back into the oceans or onto land - where the precipitation flows over the ground as surface runoff - portion of run






13. Occur along plate boundaries






14. Traces of ancient life preserved in the strata as shells - footprints - and the like - Soft plant and animal tissues decompose quickly in the presence of decay bacteria - which exist wherever oxygen exists






15. Center: 3000

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16. Natural chemical compounds that are the crystals that make up rocks - Each has a specific composition or narrow range of composition






17. Large - dark clouds that indicate thunderstorms






18. Maritime polar (wet - cold air)






19. Deviates by an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees - Thus - at any given time during summer or winter - one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the sun - This exposure alternates as the earth revolves in its orbit






20. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away






21. Continental tropical (dry - warm air)






22. Volcanoes can be caused by '____________'; these so - called hotspots - as in Hawaii - can occur far from plate boundaries






23. Some precipitation falls as ____ and can accumulate as ice caps and glaciers - which can store water for thousands of years






24. 186000 miles/second






25. Scientists theorize that massive volcanic eruptions on a global scale contributed to the earth's cooling - resulting in the onset of the...






26. Precipitation - Canopy interception - Snowmelt - Runoff - Percolation - Subsurface flow- Evaporation - Sublimation - Condensation






27. Featherlike clouds that indicate fair weather






28. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000






29. Zero degrees latitude - generally has a tropical climate (warm and wet); at the extreme northern and southern latitudes (polar regions) - the climate is very cold and dry






30. Volcanoes are generally found where ________ are diverging or converging






31. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods






32. 4 terrestrials: Mercury - Venus - Mars - Earth 4 gas giants: Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune At least 5 dwarf planets: Ceres - Pluto - Makemake - Haumea - Eris






33. Affected by factors such as weathering and impurities






34. Somewhat cooler disturbances in the photosphere






35. Further caused by the elliptical orbit of the earth - Earth reaches perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the sun) in January - and it reaches aphelion (farthest point from the sun) in July - Also depend on factors such as proximity to oceans






36. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted






37. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics






38. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)






39. Temperature - pressure - and composition






40. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line






41. The process of chemical or physical breakdown of earth rocks - soils - and their minerals






42. The strong temperature contrast between polar and tropical air gives rise to the ________






43. Theory that the earth's continents were originally united as a supercontinent - Pangaea - Established by Alfred Wegener in the early 1900s






44. Some groundwater finds openings in the land surface and emerges as...






45. The difference between levels of ocean water at high and low tides






46. Faulting and folding






47. The atmosphere is a __________ - and so small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole - This makes it difficult to accurately predict weather more than a few days in advance






48. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________






49. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)






50. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon







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