Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures






2. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow






3. The best determiner of climate - as it is consistently and directly correlated with temperature - other factors: Rain shadows - as well as water currents - elevation and so forth






4. Huge systems of stars - Milky Way is estimated to have 100 billion stars arranged in a great disk






5. Younger beds were originally deposited above older beds






6. A warm - water current that carries warm water from the Tropics to the Arctic regions of the North Atlantic Ocean - This accounts for higher temperatures and higher humidity on the Eastern Seaboard during the summer






7. The major mountains tend to occur in __________ - indicating tectonic plate boundaries and activity






8. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted






9. - The materials left over after the rock breaks down combine with organic material - The mineral content is determined by the parent material; thus - a soil derived from a single rock type can often be deficient in one or more minerals for good ferti






10. Defined by geometrically subdividing the earth's spheroid into 24 lunes (wedge - shaped sections) - bordered by meridians - each 15






11. Faulting and folding






12. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune






13. The tendency of a moving object to stay in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place - Without _______ - a planet would be pulled into the sun






14. The earth is believed to be about ___ billion years old






15. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line






16. Air currents move clouds around the globe and cloud particles collide - grow - and fall out of the sky as ________ - Most of it falls back into the oceans or onto land - where the precipitation flows over the ground as surface runoff - portion of run






17. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone






18. Pulls the planets toward the sun - while their inertia keeps them moving forward in an elliptical orbit around the sun

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19. A huge ball of incandescent gases - Its mass is more than 300000 times that of the earth - Principal constituents are the lightest elements - hydrogen and helium






20. Can influence climate by sending tremendous volumes of dust - ash - and smoke into the atmosphere






21. Further caused by the elliptical orbit of the earth - Earth reaches perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the sun) in January - and it reaches aphelion (farthest point from the sun) in July - Also depend on factors such as proximity to oceans






22. Darkens the moon as the earth passes between it and the sun - casting a shadow on the moon - may be seen from anywhere the moon is visible - about half of the earth






23. Occur when two plates push together - Such faults are strong and relatively deep - Where the strongest earthquakes occur Example: mountain building in the Himalayas and the Andes






24. Gas giants Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus and Neptune have diameters far larger than Earth's and have far greater masses






25. Temperature - pressure - and composition






26. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms






27. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal






28. The flow of water underground - in the vadose zone and aquifers - Subsurface water may return to the surface (as a spring or by being pumped) or eventually seep into the oceans






29. How much matter is in the object






30. (in descending order of size) the Pacific Ocean - the Atlantic Ocean - the Indian Ocean - the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean






31. The process of chemical or physical breakdown of earth rocks - soils - and their minerals






32. Some water infiltrates deep into the ground and replenishes ________ - which store huge amounts of freshwater for long periods of time






33. The North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean - and thus its temperature extremes are buffered by the water - The result is that the South Pole is consistently _______ during the southern winter than the North Pole during the northern winter






34. Center: 3000

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35. Some isolated mountains were produced by volcanoes - including many apparently ________ that reach a great height above the ocean floor






36. Volcanoes are also found in __________ - where the denser oceanic plates are forced under continental plates; this adds massive volumes of water to the mantle - allowing magma to melt more readily and rise to the surface to form volcanoes






37. Continental polar (dry - cold air)






38. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...






39. Two feldspars (orthoclase and plagioclase) - quartz - olivine - and augite - These five minerals are silicates - built from interlocking silicon and oxygen atoms






40. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun






41. Refers to the long - term weather patterns of a large geographical area and takes into account temperature - humidity - and precipitation






42. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e






43. Volcanoes are generally found where ________ are diverging or converging






44. The movement of rainwater as it filters through soil and rocks into the ground - becoming groundwater






45. Around a new or full moon - when the sun - moon - and the earth form a line - the tidal forces due to the sun reinforce those of the moon - The tide's range is at a maximum and is called a spring tide (spring as in 'to jump/leap -' not the season)






46. Comprises one global - interconnected body of salt water often (though generally recognized as several separate oceans) - A continuous body of water with relatively free interchange among its parts






47. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans






48. The strength of gravity in our solar system depends on both the masses of the celestial objects and the _______ between them






49. After the moon has waxed through crescent - quarter - and gibbous phases - a ________ appears - At that time - the moon rises at sunset - and we see all of its illuminated side - Then the phase wanes gradually to another new moon






50. Precipitation - Canopy interception - Snowmelt - Runoff - Percolation - Subsurface flow- Evaporation - Sublimation - Condensation