Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Comprises one global - interconnected body of salt water often (though generally recognized as several separate oceans) - A continuous body of water with relatively free interchange among its parts






2. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy






3. Loose collections of ice - dust - and small rocky particles - measuring a few kilometers or tens of kilometers across






4. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun






5. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p






6. The result of the buildup of once - living things






7. The fossiliferous strata record is only the last __% of the earth's history






8. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog






9. Bodies similar to the sun but immensely distant - Closest stars are 4 light - years away






10. Darkens the moon as the earth passes between it and the sun - casting a shadow on the moon - may be seen from anywhere the moon is visible - about half of the earth






11. Forms over the Tropics and is warm






12. Earth movements - The result of forces within the earth - where temperature and pressure differences lead to instability






13. Cirrus - Stratus - Cumulonimbus - Altostratus






14. The outermost part of the earth's interior is made up of two layers...






15. Large - scale movements of the earth's lithosphere - - The theory encompasses the older concepts of continental drift (first half of 20th century) and seafloor spreading (1960s)






16. The movement of rainwater as it filters through soil and rocks into the ground - becoming groundwater






17. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals (also known as biological weathering)






18. The runoff produced by melting snow






19. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e






20. The transformation of water from liquid to gas phases as it moves from the ground or bodies of water into the overlying atmosphere






21. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the






22. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate






23. Form when magma or lava cools and solidifies - Depending on the rate of cooling - can contain visible crystals - while others can appear glassy






24. An individual weighing 200 lbs on Earth would weigh more on a _______________ - Weight is a function of gravity






25. How much matter is in the object






26. Refers to the long - term weather patterns of a large geographical area and takes into account temperature - humidity - and precipitation






27. Gas giants Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus and Neptune have diameters far larger than Earth's and have far greater masses






28. Comprised of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle - broken up into tectonic plates (7 major and many minor) - ride on the asthenosphere






29. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics






30. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)






31. The degrees north or south of the equator






32. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)






33. The strong temperature contrast between polar and tropical air gives rise to the ________






34. The evaporation of these oceans is how we get most of our __________ - and their temperature determines our climate and wind patterns






35. The strength of gravity in our solar system depends on both the masses of the celestial objects and the _______ between them






36. The source of energy for evaporation is primarily through ___________






37. Seasons are marked by changes in the amount of sunlight - which in turn often cause cycles of dormancy in plants and hibernation in animals - These effects vary with latitude and with proximity to bodies of water






38. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years






39. Tides may be...






40. Different visual appearance; when discovered - comets show a perceptible coma while asteroids do not






41. Erosion in many places is increased by human land use - Poor land - use practices include deforestation - overgrazing - unmanaged construction activity - and road building






42. The science that describes and interprets the earth Fields: - Geomorphology (land forms) - Petrology (rocks) - Stratigraphy (layered rocks) - Paleontology (fossils)






43. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler

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44. The motive force behind land breezes and sea/lake breezes - also known as on - or off - shore winds - Land absorbs and radiates heat faster than water - but water releases heat over a longer period of time






45. Formed from calcium carbonate - also an example of chemical sedimentary rocks - like roock salt - can contain organic or once - living matter and can record the history of that matter's formation in features such as strata - fossil evidence - and rip






46. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods






47. Two feldspars (orthoclase and plagioclase) - quartz - olivine - and augite - These five minerals are silicates - built from interlocking silicon and oxygen atoms






48. Cause pressure differences - A hot surface heats the air above it and the air expands - lowering the air pressure and its density






49. A continuous drill would find gas - oil - and water in that order - The three substances occur in their order of density - with the lightest substance on top and the heaviest on the bottom






50. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...