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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Forms south of the Arctic and is cold
5.6
Soil
Polar air
Cumulonibus clouds
2. The resulting dust layer would act as a shield - blocking out much of the sun's rays - This would result in lower global temperatures and a general _____ of the earth
cooling
3/4
Parallax
Neap tide/neaps
3. The cold - water current that flows north to south off the _____________ keeps the West Coast fairly cool during the summer - Cold - water currents create cooler temperatures in areas that would otherwise be much warmer
California coast
Comet nuclei
Troposhere
Nuclear fusion
4. The motive force behind land breezes and sea/lake breezes - also known as on - or off - shore winds - Land absorbs and radiates heat faster than water - but water releases heat over a longer period of time
Transform plate movements
New moon
Differential heating
Conglomerates
5. Sun heats water in the oceans - Water evaporates as vapor into the air - Ice and snow can sublimate directly into water vapor...- Over time - the water reenters the ocean - where the water cycle started
Hydrologic cycle
Estuary
Continental drift
larger planet
6. The outermost part of the earth's interior is made up of two layers...
Erosion and land use
Sun's gravity
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
groundwater discharge
7. Due to a combination of differential heating and geometry - hen the sun rises - it is the tops of the mountain peaks which receive first light - and as the day progresses - the mountain slopes take on a greater heat load than the valleys - This resul
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Convergent tectonic plates
freshwater
Moon
8. Huge systems of stars - Milky Way is estimated to have 100 billion stars arranged in a great disk
Evapotranspiration
Lithosphere
Galaxies
River
9. Defined by geometrically subdividing the earth's spheroid into 24 lunes (wedge - shaped sections) - bordered by meridians - each 15
Winter solstice
Daylight saving time zones
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Standard time zones
10. Different visual appearance; when discovered - comets show a perceptible coma while asteroids do not
Igneous rocks
Climate
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Soil
11. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics
Why weather occurs
Continental drift
Stratus clouds
Comet
12. Temperature - pressure - and composition
Ways magma can form
Sublimation
precipitation
Igneous rocks
13. Pulls the planets toward the sun - while their inertia keeps them moving forward in an elliptical orbit around the sun
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14. One tidal cycle per day
Diurnal
Planets
Air mass
Gravity and inertia
15. (in descending order of size) the Pacific Ocean - the Atlantic Ocean - the Indian Ocean - the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean
Polar air
Major oceans
- mP
Transpiration
16. Affected by factors such as weathering and impurities
Long linear arcs
Mineral color
Solar System
Colder
17. Forms over the Tropics and is warm
Tropical air
11
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
3/4
18. A warm - water current that carries warm water from the Tropics to the Arctic regions of the North Atlantic Ocean - This accounts for higher temperatures and higher humidity on the Eastern Seaboard during the summer
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
The Gulf - Stream
Venus
Styles of rock deformation
19. A continuous drill would find gas - oil - and water in that order - The three substances occur in their order of density - with the lightest substance on top and the heaviest on the bottom
River
15
Long linear arcs
Petroleum exploration
20. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
freshwater
10000
freshwater springs
21. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away
Andromeda galaxy
Tidal range
lower
Plate tectonics
22. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through direct contact with atmospheric conditions such as heat - water - ice - and pressure
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
Mechanical/physical weathering
Meteorology
lower elevation
23. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert
Rain shadow
Surface ocean temperature
Transform plate movements
Earth
24. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods
Full moon
29.5
Comet
Long - period comets
25. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)
Precipitation
Volcano
precipitation
Sublimation
26. Tides may be...
Valley breeze
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Soil
27. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon
Daylight saving time zones
Convergent tectonic plates
Sun
46%
28. Further caused by the elliptical orbit of the earth - Earth reaches perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the sun) in January - and it reaches aphelion (farthest point from the sun) in July - Also depend on factors such as proximity to oceans
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Volcano
precipitation
Tidal range
29. Spiral - elliptical - and irregular form are speckled throughout the visible universe - Largest telescope has detected galaxies to its limit of several billion light - years
Condensation
Short - period comets
The geological time scale
Types of galaxies
30. A land form that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area - with a peak - Usually produced by the movement of lithospheric plates
Estuary
Ways magma can form
Coral reef
Mountain
31. Two types of mountains are formed - depending on how the rock reacts to the tectonic forces
Equinoxes
Semidiurnal
11
Block mountains or fold mountains
32. Hotspot volcanoes are also found elsewhere in the Solar System - especially on...
Rock salt
Venus
Rocky planets and moons
Minerals
33. This upslope wind is called a...
Short - period comets
Valley breeze
Cleavage
Intrusive
34. Occur when two plates pull away from each other - Such faults are generally weak and shallow Example: the Mid - Atlantic Range in the Atlantic Ocean
Divergent plate movements
aquifers
Weight and mass
moisture
35. The science that describes and interprets the earth Fields: - Geomorphology (land forms) - Petrology (rocks) - Stratigraphy (layered rocks) - Paleontology (fossils)
Geology
46%
Sun's gravity
Long - period comets
36. The science of the atmosphere and weather
Precipitation
La Nina
Altostratus clouds
Meteorology
37. Runoff and groundwater are stored as ________ in lakes
Eclipses
freshwater
Groundwater
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
38. Comprised of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle - broken up into tectonic plates (7 major and many minor) - ride on the asthenosphere
Mantle
Latitude
Lithosphere
Evapotranspiration
39. The degrees north or south of the equator
Weathering
El Nino and La Nina
Latitude
Smaller regions of the oceans
40. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted
Why weather occurs
Types of clouds
Runoff
Orogenic zones
41. Not all runoff flows into rivers; much of it infiltrates into the ground through...
Stratus clouds
larger planet
Metamorphic rocks
percolation
42. Divided into two main types: large - low- density gas giants and smaller - rocky terrestrials - There are at least 341 identified _______ - 8 of which are in the Solar System
clouds
Planets
Erosion
Snowmelt
43. Can influence climate by sending tremendous volumes of dust - ash - and smoke into the atmosphere
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
Neap tide/neaps
11
Photosphere
44. The lateral movement of the plates is typically at speeds of ___ mm annually
Sun's gravity
Mechanical/physical weathering
- cP
50-100
45. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...
Latitude
Ice Age
Lunar eclipse
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
46. Two feldspars (orthoclase and plagioclase) - quartz - olivine - and augite - These five minerals are silicates - built from interlocking silicon and oxygen atoms
lower
Law of superposition
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Crust
47. The evaporation of these oceans is how we get most of our __________ - and their temperature determines our climate and wind patterns
Rainfall
Igneous rocks
Solar radiation
Seasons
48. Oceans cover __ of the earth's surface
Stratus clouds
Estuary
Limestone
3/4
49. Natural chemical compounds that are the crystals that make up rocks - Each has a specific composition or narrow range of composition
Moon
Tides
Asteroids
Minerals
50. Occurs at the instant when the sun's position in the sky is at its greatest angular distance on the other side of the equatorial plane from the observer's hemisphere - Depending on the shift of the calendar - the winter solstice occurs some time betw
Hydrologic concepts
Winter solstice
- mT
Rocky planets and moons