Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Cirrus - Stratus - Cumulonimbus - Altostratus






2. Sun heats water in the oceans - Water evaporates as vapor into the air - Ice and snow can sublimate directly into water vapor...- Over time - the water reenters the ocean - where the water cycle started






3. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes






4. A major determiner of coastal climate






5. Takes place when the moon passes between the earth and the sun - with the moon blocking the sunlight for about two minutes - A total ___________ may be seen only from a small zone on the earth






6. An individual weighing 200 lbs on Earth would weigh more on a _______________ - Weight is a function of gravity






7. Comprised of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle - broken up into tectonic plates (7 major and many minor) - ride on the asthenosphere






8. This scale assigns a fixed number to 10 reference materials. Talc (1) is the softest and diamond (10) is the hardest

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9. Maritime tropical (wet - warm air)






10. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift






11. Method of using the present to interpret the past - Processes occurring today are observed carefully and their effects are measured - Then - geologists assume that similar effects in ancient rocks were caused by processes similar to those of the pres






12. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths






13. Occurs when the moon sets at sunset - Then the moon is between the earth and the sun - so we see only the dark half of the moon






14. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun






15. Scientists theorize that massive volcanic eruptions on a global scale contributed to the earth's cooling - resulting in the onset of the...






16. The evaporation of these oceans is how we get most of our __________ - and their temperature determines our climate and wind patterns






17. Somewhat cooler disturbances in the photosphere






18. Air currents move clouds around the globe and cloud particles collide - grow - and fall out of the sky as ________ - Most of it falls back into the oceans or onto land - where the precipitation flows over the ground as surface runoff - portion of run






19. Theory that the earth's continents were originally united as a supercontinent - Pangaea - Established by Alfred Wegener in the early 1900s






20. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e






21. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune






22. Seasons are marked by changes in the amount of sunlight - which in turn often cause cycles of dormancy in plants and hibernation in animals - These effects vary with latitude and with proximity to bodies of water






23. Ancient astronomers found that eclipses occurred periodically and learned to predict them accurately - Lunar and solar






24. Hotspot volcanoes are also found elsewhere in the Solar System - especially on...






25. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th






26. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration






27. A continuous drill would find gas - oil - and water in that order - The three substances occur in their order of density - with the lightest substance on top and the heaviest on the bottom






28. The spectra of distant objects display a red shift - which is interpreted as meaning that they are rapidly receding from us - This apparent expansion of the universe has given rise to the big bang theory of cosmology - in which one primeval mass expl






29. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the same area - Atlanta tropical cyclone activity is generally enhanced during La Nina - Often follows the El Nino - especially when the latter is strong






30. Divided into two main types: large - low- density gas giants and smaller - rocky terrestrials - There are at least 341 identified _______ - 8 of which are in the Solar System






31. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...






32. When the moon is at first quarter or third quarter - the sun - earth and moon form a 90- degree (right) angle with the earth at the vertex - The combined effect of this alignment of the sun - earth - and moon results in tidal ranges on the earth - Wh






33. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000






34. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5






35. The flow of water underground - in the vadose zone and aquifers - Subsurface water may return to the surface (as a spring or by being pumped) or eventually seep into the oceans






36. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler

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37. Believed to originate at a much greater distance from the Sun - in a cloud (the Oort cloud) consisting of debris left over from the condensation of solar nebula - Comets are thrown from the outer planets or nearby stars - or as a result of collisions






38. Take up about 1/3 of the earth's land surface - many are formed by rain shadows - Usually have a large diurnal (day) and seasonal temperature range - with high daytime temperatures






39. Cause pressure differences - A hot surface heats the air above it and the air expands - lowering the air pressure and its density






40. Oceans cover __ of the earth's surface






41. The best determiner of climate - as it is consistently and directly correlated with temperature - other factors: Rain shadows - as well as water currents - elevation and so forth






42. Water transpired from plants and evaporated from the soil






43. Defined by geometrically subdividing the earth's spheroid into 24 lunes (wedge - shaped sections) - bordered by meridians - each 15






44. Some infiltration stays close to the land surface and can seep back into surface - water bodies (and the ocean) as...






45. Maritime polar (wet - cold air)






46. This upslope wind is called a...






47. Further caused by the elliptical orbit of the earth - Earth reaches perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the sun) in January - and it reaches aphelion (farthest point from the sun) in July - Also depend on factors such as proximity to oceans






48. A natural flow of water - usually freshwater - traveling toward an ocean - a lake - or another stream






49. The fossiliferous strata record is only the last __% of the earth's history






50. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow