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CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...






2. Stars with the highest ___________ appear blue - while stars with the lowest surface temperature appear red






3. After the moon has waxed through crescent - quarter - and gibbous phases - a ________ appears - At that time - the moon rises at sunset - and we see all of its illuminated side - Then the phase wanes gradually to another new moon






4. Occurs when the moon sets at sunset - Then the moon is between the earth and the sun - so we see only the dark half of the moon






5. Different visual appearance; when discovered - comets show a perceptible coma while asteroids do not






6. Condensed water vapor that falls to the earth's surface - Most precipitation occurs as rain - but also includes snow - hail - fog drip - graupel - and sleet






7. Temperature - pressure - and composition






8. The layers of sediment deposited in a quiet environment - Common sites of deposition are lakes - deltas at the mouths of rivers - beaches and sandbars along the coast - and (most important) the marine environment






9. A huge ball of incandescent gases - Its mass is more than 300000 times that of the earth - Principal constituents are the lightest elements - hydrogen and helium






10. Spiral - elliptical - and irregular form are speckled throughout the visible universe - Largest telescope has detected galaxies to its limit of several billion light - years






11. Sun heats water in the oceans - Water evaporates as vapor into the air - Ice and snow can sublimate directly into water vapor...- Over time - the water reenters the ocean - where the water cycle started






12. How much matter is in the object






13. The farther from the tropics you are positioned - the ________ the angle of the sun - This causes those locations to be cooler due to the indirect sunlight






14. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone






15. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an






16. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow






17. One tidal cycle per day






18. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes






19. The precipitation that is intercepted by plant foliage and eventually evaporates back to the atmosphere rather than falling to the ground






20. A major determiner of coastal climate






21. Formed from calcium carbonate - also an example of chemical sedimentary rocks - like roock salt - can contain organic or once - living matter and can record the history of that matter's formation in features such as strata - fossil evidence - and rip






22. The movement of rainwater as it filters through soil and rocks into the ground - becoming groundwater






23. Volcanoes can be caused by '____________'; these so - called hotspots - as in Hawaii - can occur far from plate boundaries






24. Somewhat cooler disturbances in the photosphere






25. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e






26. Occurs at the instant when the sun's position in the sky is at its greatest angular distance on the other side of the equatorial plane from the observer's hemisphere - Depending on the shift of the calendar - the winter solstice occurs some time betw






27. Texture is important in classifying ______ sedimentary rocks






28. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms






29. Some groundwater finds openings in the land surface and emerges as...






30. The evaporation of these oceans is how we get most of our __________ - and their temperature determines our climate and wind patterns






31. Typically the tidal mouths of rivers and are often characterized by _____________ or silt carried in from terrestrial runoff - frequently from offshore






32. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal






33. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the






34. The North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean - and thus its temperature extremes are buffered by the water - The result is that the South Pole is consistently _______ during the southern winter than the North Pole during the northern winter






35. Some water infiltrates deep into the ground and replenishes ________ - which store huge amounts of freshwater for long periods of time






36. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away






37. The atmosphere is a __________ - and so small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole - This makes it difficult to accurately predict weather more than a few days in advance






38. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift






39. Huge systems of stars - Milky Way is estimated to have 100 billion stars arranged in a great disk






40. Forms over water and is associated with wet air






41. Most sediments were deposited in beds that were originally horizontal - and any tilting is due to later earth movements






42. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...






43. Occur along plate boundaries






44. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000






45. Tides may be...






46. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures






47. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)






48. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler

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49. 186000 miles/second






50. Further caused by the elliptical orbit of the earth - Earth reaches perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the sun) in January - and it reaches aphelion (farthest point from the sun) in July - Also depend on factors such as proximity to oceans







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