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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift
Clastic
Groundwater
Continental air
Orogenic zones
2. Takes place when the moon passes between the earth and the sun - with the moon blocking the sunlight for about two minutes - A total ___________ may be seen only from a small zone on the earth
Tropical air
Sublimation
Solar eclipse
3/4
3. The fossiliferous strata record is only the last __% of the earth's history
Coral reef
11
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Surface temperature differences
4. On maps - the characteristics of an air mass are represented by two letters: The lowercase letter represents ________ - and the uppercase letter represents temperature
moisture
Seasons
The equator
Cumulonibus clouds
5. Occurs when the moon sets at sunset - Then the moon is between the earth and the sun - so we see only the dark half of the moon
Orogenic zones
New moon
Seasons
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
6. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line
Climate
15
Gravity and inertia
Igneous rocks
7. Erosion in many places is increased by human land use - Poor land - use practices include deforestation - overgrazing - unmanaged construction activity - and road building
Erosion and land use
Transform plate movements
Chaotic system
10000
8. Cause pressure differences - A hot surface heats the air above it and the air expands - lowering the air pressure and its density
Percolation
groundwater discharge
Precipitation
Surface temperature differences
9. Bbreaking along flat surfaces
New moon
Cleavage
Solar wind
Law of original horizontality
10. A natural flow of water - usually freshwater - traveling toward an ocean - a lake - or another stream
Latitude
- cT
Colder
River
11. Continental polar (dry - cold air)
Conglomerates
The distinction between asteroids and comets
- cP
Law of original horizontality
12. Take up about 1/3 of the earth's land surface - many are formed by rain shadows - Usually have a large diurnal (day) and seasonal temperature range - with high daytime temperatures
Winter solstice
Deserts
Estuary
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
13. Largest zone of the planet (68%); crystalline silicates - rich in magnesium - calcium - and iron; very hot and mainly solid - but local melting to magma is the source of volcanic eruptions
El Nino
River
Types of clouds
Mantle
14. Some isolated mountains were produced by volcanoes - including many apparently ________ that reach a great height above the ocean floor
Sedimentation
Small islands
Surface temperature
Solar wind
15. Bodies similar to the sun but immensely distant - Closest stars are 4 light - years away
Standard time zones
Stars
Altostratus clouds
Geology
16. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans
Lithosphere
Earth
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Igneous rocks
17. Can thaw and melt - and the ensuing water flows overland as snowmelt
Strata
Snow packs
Sunspots
Precipitation
18. A semi - closed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it - and with a free connection to the open sea - Often associated with high levels of biological diversity - They are made up of brackish water - Often given names
Block mountains or fold mountains
Comet nuclei
Snow packs
Estuary
19. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed
The geological time scale
Full moon
Why weather occurs
Petroleum exploration
20. The atmosphere is a __________ - and so small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole - This makes it difficult to accurately predict weather more than a few days in advance
Chaotic system
World/global ocean
Comet nuclei
Block mountains or fold mountains
21. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert
Rain shadow
Mineral color
Standard time zones
Groundwater
22. Theory that the earth's continents were originally united as a supercontinent - Pangaea - Established by Alfred Wegener in the early 1900s
Sedimentary rocks
Scratch test
Continental drift
Limestone
23. Most sediments were deposited in beds that were originally horizontal - and any tilting is due to later earth movements
11
Law of original horizontality
Latitude
El Nino
24. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods
Small islands
Comet
Equinoxes
11
25. Classified as warm - water or cold - water currents
Semidiurnal
Andromeda galaxy
Surface ocean currents
Igneous rocks
26. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p
The big bang theory of cosmology
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
Types of clouds
Volcano
27. 186000 miles/second
Long linear arcs
Sedimentary rocks
Speed of light
Estuary
28. Some groundwater finds openings in the land surface and emerges as...
freshwater springs
The earth's structure
Igneous rocks
Geology
29. Volcanoes can be caused by '____________'; these so - called hotspots - as in Hawaii - can occur far from plate boundaries
Mechanical/physical weathering
Seasons
Mantle plumes
Convergent tectonic plates
30. Volcanoes are generally found where ________ are diverging or converging
percolation
Tectonic plates
Surface ocean currents
La Nina
31. Comprises one global - interconnected body of salt water often (though generally recognized as several separate oceans) - A continuous body of water with relatively free interchange among its parts
The equator
World/global ocean
Solar System
The geological time scale
32. The farther from the tropics you are positioned - the ________ the angle of the sun - This causes those locations to be cooler due to the indirect sunlight
Pacific Ring of Fire
Orogenic zones
lower
Sun's gravity
33. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic
Igneous rocks
15
Subsurface flow
Pacific Ring of Fire
34. The flow of water underground - in the vadose zone and aquifers - Subsurface water may return to the surface (as a spring or by being pumped) or eventually seep into the oceans
Subsurface flow
precipitation
Continental air
Parallax
35. Rocks are placed into groups according to how they form...
Estuary
California coast
Groundwater
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
36. How much matter is in the object
Subduction zones
Density
Continental drift
Ways magma can form
37. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms
Ways magma can form
Weather phenomena on earth
Rocky planets and moons
Eclipses
38. Loose collections of ice - dust - and small rocky particles - measuring a few kilometers or tens of kilometers across
Major oceans
Comet nuclei
The rock cycle
Crustal rocks
39. Paleontology: Fossil evidence indicates the similarity of fossils on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean - Continental 'jigsaw puzzle': The outlines of the continents seem to fit together
Long - period comets
Chemical weathering
Examples to support Continental drift theory
Coral reef
40. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy
Nuclear fusion
freshwater springs
Valley breeze
Ice Age
41. Traces of ancient life preserved in the strata as shells - footprints - and the like - Soft plant and animal tissues decompose quickly in the presence of decay bacteria - which exist wherever oxygen exists
Fossils
Weathering
clouds
Latitude
42. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth
Moon
Stratus clouds
Solar wind
Latitude
43. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog
Condensation
Deserts
Mineral color
Estuary
44. Occur when two plates slip past each other - Such faults are generally moderate and are relatively shallow Example: The San Andreas Fault
lower elevation
Transform plate movements
Rock salt
Weather phenomena on earth
45. Can influence climate by sending tremendous volumes of dust - ash - and smoke into the atmosphere
Inertia
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
lower elevation
Galactic center
46. (or summer time zones) include an offset (typically +1 hour) for daylight saving time
aquifers
Diurnal
Daylight saving time zones
Inertia
47. A land form that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area - with a peak - Usually produced by the movement of lithospheric plates
Venus
freshwater springs
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Mountain
48. One tidal cycle per day
Diurnal
50-100
groundwater discharge
freshwater
49. The source of energy for evaporation is primarily through ___________
Solar radiation
Rock salt
Galaxies
Soil
50. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals (also known as biological weathering)
Chemical weathering
Latitude
Solar wind
Earth