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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Scientists theorize that massive volcanic eruptions on a global scale contributed to the earth's cooling - resulting in the onset of the...
Ice Age
Sedimentation
- mP
Condensation
2. The cold - water current that flows north to south off the _____________ keeps the West Coast fairly cool during the summer - Cold - water currents create cooler temperatures in areas that would otherwise be much warmer
Parallax
California coast
Mountain
Law of superposition
3. Occurs at the instant when the sun's position in the sky is at its greatest angular distance on the other side of the equatorial plane from the observer's hemisphere - Depending on the shift of the calendar - the winter solstice occurs some time betw
Planets
Maritime air
Winter solstice
Orogenic zones
4. Forms over land and is associated with dry air
Fossils
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
Continental air
Altostratus clouds
5. Condensed water vapor that falls to the earth's surface - Most precipitation occurs as rain - but also includes snow - hail - fog drip - graupel - and sleet
Neap tide/neaps
Colder
Continental drift
Precipitation
6. The difference between levels of ocean water at high and low tides
Tidal range
Inertia
Cirrus clouds
Small islands
7. Divided into two main types: large - low- density gas giants and smaller - rocky terrestrials - There are at least 341 identified _______ - 8 of which are in the Solar System
Inertia
Planets
Altostratus clouds
Mohs' scale of hardness
8. Runoff and groundwater are stored as ________ in lakes
clouds
Mineral color
Polar air
freshwater
9. Earth movements - The result of forces within the earth - where temperature and pressure differences lead to instability
Mountain
- cP
Crustal rocks
Photosphere
10. Comprised of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle - broken up into tectonic plates (7 major and many minor) - ride on the asthenosphere
La Nina
Comet nuclei
Lithosphere
Condensation
11. The spectra of distant objects display a red shift - which is interpreted as meaning that they are rapidly receding from us - This apparent expansion of the universe has given rise to the big bang theory of cosmology - in which one primeval mass expl
Pacific Ring of Fire
groundwater discharge
Conglomerates
The big bang theory of cosmology
12. An individual weighing 200 lbs on Earth would weigh more on a _______________ - Weight is a function of gravity
larger planet
Petroleum exploration
lower
Lithosphere
13. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths
- mP
California coast
Intrusive
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
14. Takes approx. seven and a half earth months to revolve around the sun - Takes approx. eight earth months to rotate on its axis - a day on ________ is longer than a year
Venus
The rock cycle
Differential heating
Long linear arcs
15. The fossiliferous strata record is only the last __% of the earth's history
11
snow
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
Pacific Ring of Fire
16. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow
Evaporation
Axis tilt
Altostratus clouds
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
17. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p
Volcano
Minerals
Continental drift
Intrusive
18. Typically the tidal mouths of rivers and are often characterized by _____________ or silt carried in from terrestrial runoff - frequently from offshore
Rain shadow
Nuclear fusion
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Sedimentation
19. Forms south of the Arctic and is cold
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Polar air
Nuclear fusion
The earth's structure
20. A natural flow of water - usually freshwater - traveling toward an ocean - a lake - or another stream
River
Cleavage
freshwater
Types of galaxies
21. The motive force behind land breezes and sea/lake breezes - also known as on - or off - shore winds - Land absorbs and radiates heat faster than water - but water releases heat over a longer period of time
Tidal range
Differential heating
Canopy interception
Convergent plate movements
22. The science that describes and interprets the earth Fields: - Geomorphology (land forms) - Petrology (rocks) - Stratigraphy (layered rocks) - Paleontology (fossils)
Geology
snow
Cirrus clouds
Earth's crust
23. Bodies similar to the sun but immensely distant - Closest stars are 4 light - years away
Stars
Semidiurnal
Axis tilt
lower elevation
24. Two types of mountains are formed - depending on how the rock reacts to the tectonic forces
Block mountains or fold mountains
Surface temperature
Venus
Conglomerates
25. Believed to originate at a much greater distance from the Sun - in a cloud (the Oort cloud) consisting of debris left over from the condensation of solar nebula - Comets are thrown from the outer planets or nearby stars - or as a result of collisions
Uniformitarianism
Eclipses
Long - period comets
Mohs' scale of hardness
26. Spiral - elliptical - and irregular form are speckled throughout the visible universe - Largest telescope has detected galaxies to its limit of several billion light - years
Condensation
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Types of galaxies
percolation
27. The result of the buildup of once - living things
Coral reef
Small islands
Full moon
Meteorology
28. Further caused by the elliptical orbit of the earth - Earth reaches perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the sun) in January - and it reaches aphelion (farthest point from the sun) in July - Also depend on factors such as proximity to oceans
New moon
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Latitude
Geology
29. The tendency of a moving object to stay in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place - Without _______ - a planet would be pulled into the sun
The Gulf - Stream
Inertia
cooling
Earth
30. Oceans cover __ of the earth's surface
lower
Sunspots
3/4
Sublimation
31. Faulting and folding
29.5
Styles of rock deformation
Sun's gravity
Igneous rocks
32. This scale assigns a fixed number to 10 reference materials. Talc (1) is the softest and diamond (10) is the hardest
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33. The movement of rainwater as it filters through soil and rocks into the ground - becoming groundwater
aquifers
Distance
Evapotranspiration
Percolation
34. Seas - gulfs - bays - and other names
Rainfall
Smaller regions of the oceans
Climate
Sunspots
35. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth
Solar System
Subsurface flow
Moon
Comet
36. Form when magma or lava cools and solidifies - Depending on the rate of cooling - can contain visible crystals - while others can appear glassy
Igneous rocks
Neap tide/neaps
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
50-100
37. Pulls the planets toward the sun - while their inertia keeps them moving forward in an elliptical orbit around the sun
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38. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line
Mineral color
The Gulf - Stream
Gravity and inertia
Air mass
39. Volcanoes can be caused by '____________'; these so - called hotspots - as in Hawaii - can occur far from plate boundaries
Surface temperature differences
Cirrus clouds
Mineral color
Mantle plumes
40. Seasons are marked by changes in the amount of sunlight - which in turn often cause cycles of dormancy in plants and hibernation in animals - These effects vary with latitude and with proximity to bodies of water
Pacific Ring of Fire
Erosion
Strata
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
41. Maritime polar (wet - cold air)
Scratch test
- mP
Solar System
Gravity and inertia
42. The evaporation of these oceans is how we get most of our __________ - and their temperature determines our climate and wind patterns
lower elevation
Continental drift
Rainfall
Diurnal
43. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)
Longitude
precipitation
Sublimation
The Gulf - Stream
44. Igneous rock that forms on the earth's surface - Examples obsidian - basalt - and pumice
Ways magma can form
Daylight saving time zones
Convergent tectonic plates
Extrusive
45. Occur when two plates slip past each other - Such faults are generally moderate and are relatively shallow Example: The San Andreas Fault
Uniformitarianism
Surface ocean currents
Transform plate movements
- cP
46. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog
Air mass
freshwater
Crust
Condensation
47. The movement (carrying away or displacement) of solids (sediment - soil - rock - and other particles) - usually by the agents of currents such as wind - water - or ice by downward or down - slope movement in response to gravity
Styles of rock deformation
Ice Age
Diurnal
Erosion
48. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes
Climate
Long linear arcs
Crust
Surface ocean currents
49. Characterized by similar temperatures and moisture levels
Seasons
Air mass
Conglomerates
Eclipses
50. (in descending order of size) the Pacific Ocean - the Atlantic Ocean - the Indian Ocean - the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean
Rock salt
Major oceans
Long - period comets
15