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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Solar Atmosphere is divided into the inner chromosphere with explosive prominences and the outer corona - a glowing halo visible only during a total eclipse - Constantly emitting particles as a...
Parallax
Scratch test
Sun
Solar wind
2. Cause pressure differences - A hot surface heats the air above it and the air expands - lowering the air pressure and its density
Surface temperature differences
Cirrus clouds
Hydrologic cycle
The big bang theory of cosmology
3. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th
El Nino
Gravity and inertia
Moon
Groundwater
4. Texture is important in classifying ______ sedimentary rocks
Solar System
Clastic
Scratch test
Small islands
5. The motive force behind land breezes and sea/lake breezes - also known as on - or off - shore winds - Land absorbs and radiates heat faster than water - but water releases heat over a longer period of time
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Differential heating
Equinoxes
Weather phenomena on earth
6. The science that describes and interprets the earth Fields: - Geomorphology (land forms) - Petrology (rocks) - Stratigraphy (layered rocks) - Paleontology (fossils)
lower elevation
Sun's gravity
Geology
Groundwater
7. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration
Uniformitarianism
Transpiration
Mantle
Parallax
8. Precipitation - Canopy interception - Snowmelt - Runoff - Percolation - Subsurface flow- Evaporation - Sublimation - Condensation
lower elevation
Hydrologic concepts
Divergent plate movements
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
9. Air currents move clouds around the globe and cloud particles collide - grow - and fall out of the sky as ________ - Most of it falls back into the oceans or onto land - where the precipitation flows over the ground as surface runoff - portion of run
50-100
Petroleum exploration
The Gulf - Stream
precipitation
10. A ______________ - such as the Mid - Atlantic Ridge - has examples of volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates pulling apart
Mid - oceanic ridge
Tropical air
Troposhere
Surface temperature differences
11. The strength of gravity in our solar system depends on both the masses of the celestial objects and the _______ between them
Small islands
Distance
El Nino
Tidal range
12. Can influence climate by sending tremendous volumes of dust - ash - and smoke into the atmosphere
Tidal range
Distance
3/4
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
13. Some water infiltrates deep into the ground and replenishes ________ - which store huge amounts of freshwater for long periods of time
Chemical weathering
Metamorphic rocks
Plate tectonics
aquifers
14. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone
Solar wind
Orogenic zones
Conglomerates
Evaporation
15. Huge systems of stars - Milky Way is estimated to have 100 billion stars arranged in a great disk
Tectonic plates
Photosphere
Hydrologic cycle
Galaxies
16. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the
Seasons
El Nino
Crust
Neap tide/neaps
17. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths
Photosphere
Law of superposition
Intrusive
River
18. The North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean - and thus its temperature extremes are buffered by the water - The result is that the South Pole is consistently _______ during the southern winter than the North Pole during the northern winter
Colder
Mantle plumes
Air mass
clouds
19. Seasons are marked by changes in the amount of sunlight - which in turn often cause cycles of dormancy in plants and hibernation in animals - These effects vary with latitude and with proximity to bodies of water
Surface temperature
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
larger planet
Earth's crust
20. Takes approx. seven and a half earth months to revolve around the sun - Takes approx. eight earth months to rotate on its axis - a day on ________ is longer than a year
Pacific Ring of Fire
Comet
Venus
lower elevation
21. Forms south of the Arctic and is cold
Canopy interception
Stratus clouds
Density
Polar air
22. The tendency of a moving object to stay in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place - Without _______ - a planet would be pulled into the sun
Types of galaxies
Inertia
Axis tilt
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
23. The degrees north or south of the equator
Canopy interception
Latitude
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Asteroids
24. Ancient astronomers found that eclipses occurred periodically and learned to predict them accurately - Lunar and solar
Eclipses
moisture
Soil
Colder
25. Largest zone of the planet (68%); crystalline silicates - rich in magnesium - calcium - and iron; very hot and mainly solid - but local melting to magma is the source of volcanic eruptions
Semidiurnal
Mantle
lower elevation
Canopy interception
26. Igneous rock that forms on the earth's surface - Examples obsidian - basalt - and pumice
Plate tectonics
Extrusive
Diurnal
5.6
27. On maps - the characteristics of an air mass are represented by two letters: The lowercase letter represents ________ - and the uppercase letter represents temperature
moisture
Solar eclipse
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
28. Occur when two plates slip past each other - Such faults are generally moderate and are relatively shallow Example: The San Andreas Fault
Equinoxes
Solar System
Earth
Transform plate movements
29. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e
Equinoxes
Surface ocean currents
Small islands
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
30. Forms over the Tropics and is warm
Tropical air
Continental air
Rocky planets and moons
Canopy interception
31. Natural chemical compounds that are the crystals that make up rocks - Each has a specific composition or narrow range of composition
California coast
Sunspots
Minerals
Hydrologic concepts
32. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________
Estuary
Galactic center
Sedimentation
The equator
33. Traces of ancient life preserved in the strata as shells - footprints - and the like - Soft plant and animal tissues decompose quickly in the presence of decay bacteria - which exist wherever oxygen exists
Deserts
Surface temperature
Troposhere
Fossils
34. Occurs when the moon sets at sunset - Then the moon is between the earth and the sun - so we see only the dark half of the moon
Diurnal
Plate tectonics
New moon
Law of original horizontality
35. Volcanoes are also found in __________ - where the denser oceanic plates are forced under continental plates; this adds massive volumes of water to the mantle - allowing magma to melt more readily and rise to the surface to form volcanoes
Clastic
Mineral color
Subduction zones
Types of galaxies
36. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy
Nuclear fusion
Sun
Deserts
Limestone
37. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms
Coral reef
Weather phenomena on earth
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Mid - oceanic ridge
38. Believed to originate at a much greater distance from the Sun - in a cloud (the Oort cloud) consisting of debris left over from the condensation of solar nebula - Comets are thrown from the outer planets or nearby stars - or as a result of collisions
Climate
Metamorphic rocks
Density
Long - period comets
39. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...
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40. Forms over water and is associated with wet air
Rocky planets and moons
Earth
Snowmelt
Maritime air
41. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes
cooling
Crust
11
Igneous rocks
42. An individual weighing 200 lbs on Earth would weigh more on a _______________ - Weight is a function of gravity
5.6
29.5
larger planet
New moon
43. - The materials left over after the rock breaks down combine with organic material - The mineral content is determined by the parent material; thus - a soil derived from a single rock type can often be deficient in one or more minerals for good ferti
Why weather occurs
Soil
Extrusive
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
44. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog
Subsurface flow
Igneous rocks
Limestone
Condensation
45. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...
freshwater
Planets
Limestone
Opposite seasons
46. Volcanoes are generally found where ________ are diverging or converging
Tectonic plates
The equator
Clastic
Solar radiation
47. When the moon is at first quarter or third quarter - the sun - earth and moon form a 90- degree (right) angle with the earth at the vertex - The combined effect of this alignment of the sun - earth - and moon results in tidal ranges on the earth - Wh
lower
Neap tide/neaps
cooling
Erosion and land use
48. Sometimes called minor planets or planetoids - Bodies
Asteroids
Standard time zones
Plate tectonics
Ways magma can form
49. Loose collections of ice - dust - and small rocky particles - measuring a few kilometers or tens of kilometers across
Comet nuclei
Small islands
Solar System
Mechanical/physical weathering
50. Featherlike clouds that indicate fair weather
Solar System
Law of original horizontality
Cirrus clouds
The distinction between asteroids and comets