Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The atmosphere is a __________ - and so small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole - This makes it difficult to accurately predict weather more than a few days in advance






2. - The materials left over after the rock breaks down combine with organic material - The mineral content is determined by the parent material; thus - a soil derived from a single rock type can often be deficient in one or more minerals for good ferti






3. Travels in an orbit that is slightly elliptical (oval) - and so the distance from the sun ranges from 91.5 to 94.5 million miles - Its daily rotation deforms the earth to a flattened spheroid - with a polar radius slightly less than the equatorial ra






4. Two types of mountains are formed - depending on how the rock reacts to the tectonic forces






5. Deviates by an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees - Thus - at any given time during summer or winter - one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the sun - This exposure alternates as the earth revolves in its orbit






6. Temperature - pressure - and composition






7. A region of the earth that has uniform standard time - usually referred to as the local time - divided into standard and daylight saving (or summer)






8. Affected by factors such as weathering and impurities






9. The process in which one type of rock changes into another






10. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone






11. A warm - water current that carries warm water from the Tropics to the Arctic regions of the North Atlantic Ocean - This accounts for higher temperatures and higher humidity on the Eastern Seaboard during the summer






12. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years






13. Due to a combination of differential heating and geometry - hen the sun rises - it is the tops of the mountain peaks which receive first light - and as the day progresses - the mountain slopes take on a greater heat load than the valleys - This resul






14. Smooth layers of low clouds that indicate a chance of drizzle or snow






15. A ______________ - such as the Mid - Atlantic Ridge - has examples of volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates pulling apart






16. The resulting dust layer would act as a shield - blocking out much of the sun's rays - This would result in lower global temperatures and a general _____ of the earth






17. The runoff produced by melting snow






18. The strong temperature contrast between polar and tropical air gives rise to the ________






19. Tides may be...






20. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England






21. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the same area - Atlanta tropical cyclone activity is generally enhanced during La Nina - Often follows the El Nino - especially when the latter is strong






22. Forms over water and is associated with wet air






23. The rising of the earth's ocean surface caused by the tidal forces of the moon and the sun acting on the oceans






24. Hotspot volcanoes are also found elsewhere in the Solar System - especially on...






25. Continental tropical (dry - warm air)






26. Huge systems of stars - Milky Way is estimated to have 100 billion stars arranged in a great disk






27. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler

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28. Some groundwater finds openings in the land surface and emerges as...






29. Natural chemical compounds that are the crystals that make up rocks - Each has a specific composition or narrow range of composition






30. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon






31. An individual weighing 200 lbs on Earth would weigh more on a _______________ - Weight is a function of gravity






32. Occur when two plates slip past each other - Such faults are generally moderate and are relatively shallow Example: The San Andreas Fault






33. How much matter is in the object






34. A continuous drill would find gas - oil - and water in that order - The three substances occur in their order of density - with the lightest substance on top and the heaviest on the bottom






35. Somewhat cooler disturbances in the photosphere






36. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures






37. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate






38. (or summer time zones) include an offset (typically +1 hour) for daylight saving time






39. Method of using the present to interpret the past - Processes occurring today are observed carefully and their effects are measured - Then - geologists assume that similar effects in ancient rocks were caused by processes similar to those of the pres






40. Typically the tidal mouths of rivers and are often characterized by _____________ or silt carried in from terrestrial runoff - frequently from offshore






41. Form when magma or lava cools and solidifies - Depending on the rate of cooling - can contain visible crystals - while others can appear glassy






42. Continental polar (dry - cold air)






43. Comprises one global - interconnected body of salt water often (though generally recognized as several separate oceans) - A continuous body of water with relatively free interchange among its parts






44. Darkens the moon as the earth passes between it and the sun - casting a shadow on the moon - may be seen from anywhere the moon is visible - about half of the earth






45. Around a new or full moon - when the sun - moon - and the earth form a line - the tidal forces due to the sun reinforce those of the moon - The tide's range is at a maximum and is called a spring tide (spring as in 'to jump/leap -' not the season)






46. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...






47. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans






48. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun






49. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow






50. Forms south of the Arctic and is cold