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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Cirrus - Stratus - Cumulonimbus - Altostratus
Law of original horizontality
Types of clouds
Examples to support Continental drift theory
Mantle plumes
2. Sun heats water in the oceans - Water evaporates as vapor into the air - Ice and snow can sublimate directly into water vapor...- Over time - the water reenters the ocean - where the water cycle started
Stratus clouds
Soil
Surface temperature
Hydrologic cycle
3. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes
Scratch test
Crust
Erosion and land use
Time zone
4. A major determiner of coastal climate
Surface ocean temperature
lower elevation
Law of original horizontality
Law of superposition
5. Takes place when the moon passes between the earth and the sun - with the moon blocking the sunlight for about two minutes - A total ___________ may be seen only from a small zone on the earth
Solar eclipse
Polar air
Mohs' scale of hardness
Chaotic system
6. An individual weighing 200 lbs on Earth would weigh more on a _______________ - Weight is a function of gravity
larger planet
freshwater springs
Differential heating
Tidal range
7. Comprised of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle - broken up into tectonic plates (7 major and many minor) - ride on the asthenosphere
Semidiurnal
Condensation
Lithosphere
Hydrologic cycle
8. This scale assigns a fixed number to 10 reference materials. Talc (1) is the softest and diamond (10) is the hardest
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9. Maritime tropical (wet - warm air)
- mT
Full moon
Lunar eclipse
Subsurface flow
10. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift
Orogenic zones
Weather phenomena on earth
- cP
Smaller regions of the oceans
11. Method of using the present to interpret the past - Processes occurring today are observed carefully and their effects are measured - Then - geologists assume that similar effects in ancient rocks were caused by processes similar to those of the pres
29.5
Planets
Cleavage
Uniformitarianism
12. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths
Density
Intrusive
Conglomerates
Nuclear fusion
13. Occurs when the moon sets at sunset - Then the moon is between the earth and the sun - so we see only the dark half of the moon
New moon
The rock cycle
Mohs' scale of hardness
Sunspots
14. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun
Sun's gravity
percolation
La Nina
Parallax
15. Scientists theorize that massive volcanic eruptions on a global scale contributed to the earth's cooling - resulting in the onset of the...
5.6
Ice Age
Solar wind
Canopy interception
16. The evaporation of these oceans is how we get most of our __________ - and their temperature determines our climate and wind patterns
Gravity and inertia
Transform plate movements
Rainfall
Solar eclipse
17. Somewhat cooler disturbances in the photosphere
Sunspots
Crust
Petroleum exploration
Rain shadow
18. Air currents move clouds around the globe and cloud particles collide - grow - and fall out of the sky as ________ - Most of it falls back into the oceans or onto land - where the precipitation flows over the ground as surface runoff - portion of run
Soil
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Orogenic zones
precipitation
19. Theory that the earth's continents were originally united as a supercontinent - Pangaea - Established by Alfred Wegener in the early 1900s
Continental drift
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Colder
20. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e
Styles of rock deformation
Equinoxes
Surface temperature
Tropical air
21. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune
El Nino
The Gulf - Stream
Venus
Short - period comets
22. Seasons are marked by changes in the amount of sunlight - which in turn often cause cycles of dormancy in plants and hibernation in animals - These effects vary with latitude and with proximity to bodies of water
Deserts
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
Venus
Cirrus clouds
23. Ancient astronomers found that eclipses occurred periodically and learned to predict them accurately - Lunar and solar
Crust
Surface temperature differences
Eclipses
Continental drift
24. Hotspot volcanoes are also found elsewhere in the Solar System - especially on...
Rocky planets and moons
Latitude
Lunar eclipse
Surface temperature
25. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th
Daylight saving time zones
The rock cycle
The equator
El Nino
26. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration
Transpiration
Strata
15
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
27. A continuous drill would find gas - oil - and water in that order - The three substances occur in their order of density - with the lightest substance on top and the heaviest on the bottom
Petroleum exploration
Deserts
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
aquifers
28. The spectra of distant objects display a red shift - which is interpreted as meaning that they are rapidly receding from us - This apparent expansion of the universe has given rise to the big bang theory of cosmology - in which one primeval mass expl
La Nina
The big bang theory of cosmology
Deserts
Polar air
29. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the same area - Atlanta tropical cyclone activity is generally enhanced during La Nina - Often follows the El Nino - especially when the latter is strong
Air mass
La Nina
Tidal range
Lunar eclipse
30. Divided into two main types: large - low- density gas giants and smaller - rocky terrestrials - There are at least 341 identified _______ - 8 of which are in the Solar System
Snow packs
Planets
Tides
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
31. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...
Subsurface flow
10000
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Sun's gravity
32. When the moon is at first quarter or third quarter - the sun - earth and moon form a 90- degree (right) angle with the earth at the vertex - The combined effect of this alignment of the sun - earth - and moon results in tidal ranges on the earth - Wh
Valley breeze
cooling
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Neap tide/neaps
33. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000
Comet
Photosphere
Deserts
Meteorology
34. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5
Latitude
El Nino and La Nina
Mohs' scale of hardness
Neap tide/neaps
35. The flow of water underground - in the vadose zone and aquifers - Subsurface water may return to the surface (as a spring or by being pumped) or eventually seep into the oceans
Mantle
lower
Sedimentary rocks
Subsurface flow
36. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler
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37. Believed to originate at a much greater distance from the Sun - in a cloud (the Oort cloud) consisting of debris left over from the condensation of solar nebula - Comets are thrown from the outer planets or nearby stars - or as a result of collisions
freshwater
moisture
Long - period comets
Sedimentation
38. Take up about 1/3 of the earth's land surface - many are formed by rain shadows - Usually have a large diurnal (day) and seasonal temperature range - with high daytime temperatures
Deserts
Mechanical/physical weathering
Galaxies
50-100
39. Cause pressure differences - A hot surface heats the air above it and the air expands - lowering the air pressure and its density
cooling
Major oceans
Stratus clouds
Surface temperature differences
40. Oceans cover __ of the earth's surface
3/4
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Long - period comets
Comet
41. The best determiner of climate - as it is consistently and directly correlated with temperature - other factors: Rain shadows - as well as water currents - elevation and so forth
Maritime air
Axis tilt
Latitude
Time zone
42. Water transpired from plants and evaporated from the soil
Condensation
Evapotranspiration
Limestone
Solar wind
43. Defined by geometrically subdividing the earth's spheroid into 24 lunes (wedge - shaped sections) - bordered by meridians - each 15
Standard time zones
11
Comet
Continental air
44. Some infiltration stays close to the land surface and can seep back into surface - water bodies (and the ocean) as...
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
groundwater discharge
Deserts
Sunspots
45. Maritime polar (wet - cold air)
Tides
- mP
Mountain
Asteroids
46. This upslope wind is called a...
Valley breeze
lower elevation
Latitude
Equinoxes
47. Further caused by the elliptical orbit of the earth - Earth reaches perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the sun) in January - and it reaches aphelion (farthest point from the sun) in July - Also depend on factors such as proximity to oceans
Continental air
La Nina
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Types of galaxies
48. A natural flow of water - usually freshwater - traveling toward an ocean - a lake - or another stream
Diurnal
Transform plate movements
Stars
River
49. The fossiliferous strata record is only the last __% of the earth's history
11
Galactic center
Mohs' scale of hardness
lower
50. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow
Law of original horizontality
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
Tidal range
Altostratus clouds