Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Volcanoes are also found in __________ - where the denser oceanic plates are forced under continental plates; this adds massive volumes of water to the mantle - allowing magma to melt more readily and rise to the surface to form volcanoes






2. Formed by sodium chloride






3. Some groundwater finds openings in the land surface and emerges as...






4. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog






5. The process in which one type of rock changes into another






6. How much matter is in the object






7. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted






8. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th






9. Theory that the earth's continents were originally united as a supercontinent - Pangaea - Established by Alfred Wegener in the early 1900s






10. The best determiner of climate - as it is consistently and directly correlated with temperature - other factors: Rain shadows - as well as water currents - elevation and so forth






11. The cold - water current that flows north to south off the _____________ keeps the West Coast fairly cool during the summer - Cold - water currents create cooler temperatures in areas that would otherwise be much warmer






12. Occur when two plates slip past each other - Such faults are generally moderate and are relatively shallow Example: The San Andreas Fault






13. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone






14. Bodies similar to the sun but immensely distant - Closest stars are 4 light - years away






15. Faulting and folding






16. Condensed water vapor that falls to the earth's surface - Most precipitation occurs as rain - but also includes snow - hail - fog drip - graupel - and sleet






17. Earth movements - The result of forces within the earth - where temperature and pressure differences lead to instability






18. Somewhat cooler disturbances in the photosphere






19. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy






20. Characterized by similar temperatures and moisture levels






21. Occur along plate boundaries






22. Takes approx. seven and a half earth months to revolve around the sun - Takes approx. eight earth months to rotate on its axis - a day on ________ is longer than a year






23. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)






24. Texture is important in classifying ______ sedimentary rocks






25. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler

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26. Ancient astronomers found that eclipses occurred periodically and learned to predict them accurately - Lunar and solar






27. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line






28. The difference between levels of ocean water at high and low tides






29. The strong temperature contrast between polar and tropical air gives rise to the ________






30. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...

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31. Believed to originate at a much greater distance from the Sun - in a cloud (the Oort cloud) consisting of debris left over from the condensation of solar nebula - Comets are thrown from the outer planets or nearby stars - or as a result of collisions






32. (or summer time zones) include an offset (typically +1 hour) for daylight saving time






33. Some infiltration stays close to the land surface and can seep back into surface - water bodies (and the ocean) as...






34. Bbreaking along flat surfaces






35. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert






36. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)






37. There are approx. _____ days between each lunar cycle






38. Deviates by an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees - Thus - at any given time during summer or winter - one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the sun - This exposure alternates as the earth revolves in its orbit






39. Defined by geometrically subdividing the earth's spheroid into 24 lunes (wedge - shaped sections) - bordered by meridians - each 15






40. Most sediments were deposited in beds that were originally horizontal - and any tilting is due to later earth movements






41. Method of using the present to interpret the past - Processes occurring today are observed carefully and their effects are measured - Then - geologists assume that similar effects in ancient rocks were caused by processes similar to those of the pres






42. A warm - water current that carries warm water from the Tropics to the Arctic regions of the North Atlantic Ocean - This accounts for higher temperatures and higher humidity on the Eastern Seaboard during the summer






43. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune






44. (in descending order of size) the Pacific Ocean - the Atlantic Ocean - the Indian Ocean - the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean






45. Sometimes called minor planets or planetoids - Bodies






46. Zero degrees latitude - generally has a tropical climate (warm and wet); at the extreme northern and southern latitudes (polar regions) - the climate is very cold and dry






47. Classified as warm - water or cold - water currents






48. Occurs at the instant when the sun's position in the sky is at its greatest angular distance on the other side of the equatorial plane from the observer's hemisphere - Depending on the shift of the calendar - the winter solstice occurs some time betw






49. Volcanoes can be caused by '____________'; these so - called hotspots - as in Hawaii - can occur far from plate boundaries






50. The motive force behind land breezes and sea/lake breezes - also known as on - or off - shore winds - Land absorbs and radiates heat faster than water - but water releases heat over a longer period of time