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CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The cold - water current that flows north to south off the _____________ keeps the West Coast fairly cool during the summer - Cold - water currents create cooler temperatures in areas that would otherwise be much warmer






2. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods






3. The rising of the earth's ocean surface caused by the tidal forces of the moon and the sun acting on the oceans






4. Bbreaking along flat surfaces






5. Occur when two plates pull away from each other - Such faults are generally weak and shallow Example: the Mid - Atlantic Range in the Atlantic Ocean






6. Large - dark clouds that indicate thunderstorms






7. Formed from calcium carbonate - also an example of chemical sedimentary rocks - like roock salt - can contain organic or once - living matter and can record the history of that matter's formation in features such as strata - fossil evidence - and rip






8. Forms over land and is associated with dry air






9. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone






10. Oceans cover __ of the earth's surface






11. Further caused by the elliptical orbit of the earth - Earth reaches perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the sun) in January - and it reaches aphelion (farthest point from the sun) in July - Also depend on factors such as proximity to oceans






12. A ______________ - such as the Mid - Atlantic Ridge - has examples of volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates pulling apart






13. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals (also known as biological weathering)






14. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration






15. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics






16. The result of the buildup of once - living things






17. Scientists theorize that massive volcanic eruptions on a global scale contributed to the earth's cooling - resulting in the onset of the...






18. Travels in an orbit that is slightly elliptical (oval) - and so the distance from the sun ranges from 91.5 to 94.5 million miles - Its daily rotation deforms the earth to a flattened spheroid - with a polar radius slightly less than the equatorial ra






19. The layers of sediment deposited in a quiet environment - Common sites of deposition are lakes - deltas at the mouths of rivers - beaches and sandbars along the coast - and (most important) the marine environment






20. Tides may be...






21. Runoff and groundwater are stored as ________ in lakes






22. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic






23. Deviates by an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees - Thus - at any given time during summer or winter - one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the sun - This exposure alternates as the earth revolves in its orbit






24. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)






25. The source of energy for evaporation is primarily through ___________






26. Believed to originate at a much greater distance from the Sun - in a cloud (the Oort cloud) consisting of debris left over from the condensation of solar nebula - Comets are thrown from the outer planets or nearby stars - or as a result of collisions






27. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000






28. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy






29. Some infiltration stays close to the land surface and can seep back into surface - water bodies (and the ocean) as...






30. On maps - the characteristics of an air mass are represented by two letters: The lowercase letter represents ________ - and the uppercase letter represents temperature






31. The resulting dust layer would act as a shield - blocking out much of the sun's rays - This would result in lower global temperatures and a general _____ of the earth






32. The movement (carrying away or displacement) of solids (sediment - soil - rock - and other particles) - usually by the agents of currents such as wind - water - or ice by downward or down - slope movement in response to gravity






33. Rising air currents take the vapor up into the atmopshere where cooler temperatures cause it to condense into ____






34. Rocks are placed into groups according to how they form...






35. Comprises one global - interconnected body of salt water often (though generally recognized as several separate oceans) - A continuous body of water with relatively free interchange among its parts






36. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________






37. Traces of ancient life preserved in the strata as shells - footprints - and the like - Soft plant and animal tissues decompose quickly in the presence of decay bacteria - which exist wherever oxygen exists






38. The major mountains tend to occur in __________ - indicating tectonic plate boundaries and activity






39. There are approx. _____ days between each lunar cycle






40. Two feldspars (orthoclase and plagioclase) - quartz - olivine - and augite - These five minerals are silicates - built from interlocking silicon and oxygen atoms






41. Temperature - pressure - and composition






42. Continental polar (dry - cold air)






43. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift






44. Somewhat cooler disturbances in the photosphere






45. Darkens the moon as the earth passes between it and the sun - casting a shadow on the moon - may be seen from anywhere the moon is visible - about half of the earth






46. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line






47. One tidal cycle per day






48. The best determiner of climate - as it is consistently and directly correlated with temperature - other factors: Rain shadows - as well as water currents - elevation and so forth






49. The movement of rainwater as it filters through soil and rocks into the ground - becoming groundwater






50. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal







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