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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Refers to the long - term weather patterns of a large geographical area and takes into account temperature - humidity - and precipitation
Uniformitarianism
Ways magma can form
Climate
Chaotic system
2. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)
Standard time zones
Distance
Clastic
Sublimation
3. Cirrus - Stratus - Cumulonimbus - Altostratus
Types of clouds
Climate
Evaporation
Lithosphere
4. Center: 3000
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5. Not all runoff flows into rivers; much of it infiltrates into the ground through...
Long - period comets
percolation
Erosion and land use
Soil
6. A continuous drill would find gas - oil - and water in that order - The three substances occur in their order of density - with the lightest substance on top and the heaviest on the bottom
California coast
Petroleum exploration
Styles of rock deformation
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
7. The fossiliferous strata record is only the last __% of the earth's history
El Nino and La Nina
Pacific Ring of Fire
Crustal rocks
11
8. Form when magma or lava cools and solidifies - Depending on the rate of cooling - can contain visible crystals - while others can appear glassy
Groundwater
Surface temperature
Lunar eclipse
Igneous rocks
9. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Polar air
Mountain
freshwater springs
10. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune
Percolation
Climate
River
Short - period comets
11. The outermost part of the earth's interior is made up of two layers...
Styles of rock deformation
Longitude
Short - period comets
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
12. Occurs at the instant when the sun's position in the sky is at its greatest angular distance on the other side of the equatorial plane from the observer's hemisphere - Depending on the shift of the calendar - the winter solstice occurs some time betw
freshwater
Winter solstice
- mP
Mohs' scale of hardness
13. A major determiner of coastal climate
Coral reef
Uniformitarianism
Styles of rock deformation
Surface ocean temperature
14. Deviates by an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees - Thus - at any given time during summer or winter - one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the sun - This exposure alternates as the earth revolves in its orbit
Law of original horizontality
Fossils
- cP
Axis tilt
15. A semi - closed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it - and with a free connection to the open sea - Often associated with high levels of biological diversity - They are made up of brackish water - Often given names
15
Snowmelt
Tropical air
Estuary
16. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed
The geological time scale
Comet nuclei
Plate tectonics
Air mass
17. 1 hour of time
Divergent plate movements
Conglomerates
15
Examples to support Continental drift theory
18. Method of using the present to interpret the past - Processes occurring today are observed carefully and their effects are measured - Then - geologists assume that similar effects in ancient rocks were caused by processes similar to those of the pres
Uniformitarianism
Law of original horizontality
groundwater discharge
Volcano
19. Precipitation - Canopy interception - Snowmelt - Runoff - Percolation - Subsurface flow- Evaporation - Sublimation - Condensation
Mantle
Rocky planets and moons
Hydrologic concepts
freshwater springs
20. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone
moisture
Canopy interception
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
Conglomerates
21. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate
Metamorphic rocks
Differential heating
snow
Surface temperature
22. A region of the earth that has uniform standard time - usually referred to as the local time - divided into standard and daylight saving (or summer)
Time zone
Subduction zones
Extrusive
El Nino and La Nina
23. Volcanoes are also found in __________ - where the denser oceanic plates are forced under continental plates; this adds massive volumes of water to the mantle - allowing magma to melt more readily and rise to the surface to form volcanoes
Meteorology
Small islands
Chaotic system
Subduction zones
24. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)
Troposhere
Earth's crust
cooling
Long - period comets
25. Some isolated mountains were produced by volcanoes - including many apparently ________ that reach a great height above the ocean floor
Small islands
Convergent tectonic plates
Solar System
Gravity and inertia
26. Runoff and groundwater are stored as ________ in lakes
Longitude
Clastic
The distinction between asteroids and comets
freshwater
27. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy
Nuclear fusion
Pacific Ring of Fire
Asteroids
Galactic center
28. Seas - gulfs - bays - and other names
moisture
Stratus clouds
- mT
Smaller regions of the oceans
29. The layers of sediment deposited in a quiet environment - Common sites of deposition are lakes - deltas at the mouths of rivers - beaches and sandbars along the coast - and (most important) the marine environment
Scratch test
Continental air
Strata
Tropical air
30. Takes approx. seven and a half earth months to revolve around the sun - Takes approx. eight earth months to rotate on its axis - a day on ________ is longer than a year
Venus
Minerals
Metamorphic rocks
Long linear arcs
31. How much matter is in the object
Density
Venus
Sedimentary rocks
Runoff
32. Loose collections of ice - dust - and small rocky particles - measuring a few kilometers or tens of kilometers across
Parallax
Comet nuclei
Moon
jet stream
33. Around a new or full moon - when the sun - moon - and the earth form a line - the tidal forces due to the sun reinforce those of the moon - The tide's range is at a maximum and is called a spring tide (spring as in 'to jump/leap -' not the season)
- cT
Plate tectonics
Asteroids
Spring tide
34. Traces of ancient life preserved in the strata as shells - footprints - and the like - Soft plant and animal tissues decompose quickly in the presence of decay bacteria - which exist wherever oxygen exists
Rocky planets and moons
Fossils
Orogenic zones
Petroleum exploration
35. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an
Sedimentary rocks
Strata
Surface temperature
larger planet
36. Pulls the planets toward the sun - while their inertia keeps them moving forward in an elliptical orbit around the sun
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37. Occur when two plates push together - Such faults are strong and relatively deep - Where the strongest earthquakes occur Example: mountain building in the Himalayas and the Andes
Tropical air
Opposite seasons
Convergent plate movements
11
38. The spectra of distant objects display a red shift - which is interpreted as meaning that they are rapidly receding from us - This apparent expansion of the universe has given rise to the big bang theory of cosmology - in which one primeval mass expl
The big bang theory of cosmology
Neap tide/neaps
Deserts
Solar System
39. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms
Earth's crust
Weather phenomena on earth
Gravity and inertia
Ways magma can form
40. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years
11
Groundwater
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
Semidiurnal or diurnal
41. Occur when two plates pull away from each other - Such faults are generally weak and shallow Example: the Mid - Atlantic Range in the Atlantic Ocean
Divergent plate movements
Cleavage
Major oceans
El Nino
42. Forms over water and is associated with wet air
Subsurface flow
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
Igneous rocks
Maritime air
43. The atmosphere is a __________ - and so small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole - This makes it difficult to accurately predict weather more than a few days in advance
Chaotic system
Nuclear fusion
Sedimentation
Transpiration
44. Can thaw and melt - and the ensuing water flows overland as snowmelt
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Surface ocean currents
Parallax
Snow packs
45. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes
Stars
Fossils
Spring tide
Crust
46. Igneous rock that forms on the earth's surface - Examples obsidian - basalt - and pumice
Extrusive
Mid - oceanic ridge
Solar eclipse
Plate tectonics
47. The science that describes and interprets the earth Fields: - Geomorphology (land forms) - Petrology (rocks) - Stratigraphy (layered rocks) - Paleontology (fossils)
Surface ocean currents
Metamorphic rocks
Geology
Hydrologic concepts
48. Ancient astronomers found that eclipses occurred periodically and learned to predict them accurately - Lunar and solar
Sublimation
Snow packs
Subsurface flow
Eclipses
49. Rocks are placed into groups according to how they form...
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
10000
Venus
groundwater discharge
50. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________
Plate tectonics
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
The geological time scale
Galactic center