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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Take up about 1/3 of the earth's land surface - many are formed by rain shadows - Usually have a large diurnal (day) and seasonal temperature range - with high daytime temperatures
aquifers
Minerals
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Deserts
2. Characterized by similar temperatures and moisture levels
Hydrologic cycle
Inertia
Air mass
Transform plate movements
3. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic
Mechanical/physical weathering
Pacific Ring of Fire
Moon
Solar System
4. Takes place when the moon passes between the earth and the sun - with the moon blocking the sunlight for about two minutes - A total ___________ may be seen only from a small zone on the earth
Solar eclipse
Photosphere
Orogenic zones
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
5. After the moon has waxed through crescent - quarter - and gibbous phases - a ________ appears - At that time - the moon rises at sunset - and we see all of its illuminated side - Then the phase wanes gradually to another new moon
Lunar eclipse
Full moon
Snowmelt
Long linear arcs
6. Some isolated mountains were produced by volcanoes - including many apparently ________ that reach a great height above the ocean floor
lower
Sun
Surface temperature
Small islands
7. Water transpired from plants and evaporated from the soil
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Distance
Evapotranspiration
Coral reef
8. (in descending order of size) the Pacific Ocean - the Atlantic Ocean - the Indian Ocean - the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean
Longitude
Standard time zones
Major oceans
Runoff
9. The tendency of a moving object to stay in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place - Without _______ - a planet would be pulled into the sun
Latitude
La Nina
Solar wind
Inertia
10. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals (also known as biological weathering)
Solar wind
Hydrologic concepts
New moon
Chemical weathering
11. On maps - the characteristics of an air mass are represented by two letters: The lowercase letter represents ________ - and the uppercase letter represents temperature
Photosphere
Mantle
Small islands
moisture
12. Due to a combination of differential heating and geometry - hen the sun rises - it is the tops of the mountain peaks which receive first light - and as the day progresses - the mountain slopes take on a greater heat load than the valleys - This resul
Moon
Tectonic plates
cooling
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
13. Method of using the present to interpret the past - Processes occurring today are observed carefully and their effects are measured - Then - geologists assume that similar effects in ancient rocks were caused by processes similar to those of the pres
clouds
Uniformitarianism
Tidal range
Cirrus clouds
14. The major mountains tend to occur in __________ - indicating tectonic plate boundaries and activity
Venus
Long linear arcs
Galactic center
freshwater
15. Zero degrees latitude - generally has a tropical climate (warm and wet); at the extreme northern and southern latitudes (polar regions) - the climate is very cold and dry
Earth
Full moon
Spring tide
The equator
16. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans
Latitude
Mantle plumes
- mP
Chemical sedimentary rocks
17. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy
Mountain
Condensation
Nuclear fusion
World/global ocean
18. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th
El Nino
Continental drift
Extrusive
Photosphere
19. Rising air currents take the vapor up into the atmopshere where cooler temperatures cause it to condense into ____
Maritime air
Solar wind
Mineral color
clouds
20. The resulting dust layer would act as a shield - blocking out much of the sun's rays - This would result in lower global temperatures and a general _____ of the earth
Divergent plate movements
cooling
Moon
Petroleum exploration
21. Occur along plate boundaries
Plate tectonics
precipitation
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
Pacific Ring of Fire
22. Different visual appearance; when discovered - comets show a perceptible coma while asteroids do not
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Weathering
15
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
23. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler
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24. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone
Differential heating
Coral reef
Conglomerates
Long - period comets
25. Cirrus - Stratus - Cumulonimbus - Altostratus
Types of clouds
Long linear arcs
Distance
Subsurface flow
26. Bodies similar to the sun but immensely distant - Closest stars are 4 light - years away
Stars
Comet nuclei
Estuary
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
27. Occur when two plates slip past each other - Such faults are generally moderate and are relatively shallow Example: The San Andreas Fault
Transform plate movements
Sedimentary rocks
Daylight saving time zones
3/4
28. Solar Atmosphere is divided into the inner chromosphere with explosive prominences and the outer corona - a glowing halo visible only during a total eclipse - Constantly emitting particles as a...
Sedimentation
Estuary
Scratch test
Solar wind
29. A semi - closed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it - and with a free connection to the open sea - Often associated with high levels of biological diversity - They are made up of brackish water - Often given names
Rocky planets and moons
Fossils
Continental drift
Estuary
30. Spiral - elliptical - and irregular form are speckled throughout the visible universe - Largest telescope has detected galaxies to its limit of several billion light - years
Types of galaxies
Long linear arcs
Earth
Venus
31. Paleontology: Fossil evidence indicates the similarity of fossils on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean - Continental 'jigsaw puzzle': The outlines of the continents seem to fit together
El Nino and La Nina
Igneous rocks
11
Examples to support Continental drift theory
32. The degrees north or south of the equator
Latitude
Runoff
Divergent plate movements
- cT
33. The cold - water current that flows north to south off the _____________ keeps the West Coast fairly cool during the summer - Cold - water currents create cooler temperatures in areas that would otherwise be much warmer
- mT
The big bang theory of cosmology
California coast
Subduction zones
34. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...
Mantle plumes
Asteroids
Solar wind
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
35. Some precipitation falls as ____ and can accumulate as ice caps and glaciers - which can store water for thousands of years
snow
Transpiration
moisture
The geological time scale
36. A warm - water current that carries warm water from the Tropics to the Arctic regions of the North Atlantic Ocean - This accounts for higher temperatures and higher humidity on the Eastern Seaboard during the summer
Stars
Tidal range
The Gulf - Stream
Tides
37. Pulls the planets toward the sun - while their inertia keeps them moving forward in an elliptical orbit around the sun
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38. Two feldspars (orthoclase and plagioclase) - quartz - olivine - and augite - These five minerals are silicates - built from interlocking silicon and oxygen atoms
La Nina
15
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Mineral color
39. Large - scale movements of the earth's lithosphere - - The theory encompasses the older concepts of continental drift (first half of 20th century) and seafloor spreading (1960s)
Axis tilt
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Deserts
Plate tectonics
40. Somewhat cooler disturbances in the photosphere
clouds
Sunspots
Eclipses
Long linear arcs
41. Some water infiltrates deep into the ground and replenishes ________ - which store huge amounts of freshwater for long periods of time
Air mass
Cleavage
Troposhere
aquifers
42. A land form that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area - with a peak - Usually produced by the movement of lithospheric plates
Types of clouds
Mountain
Plate tectonics
Law of superposition
43. Deviates by an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees - Thus - at any given time during summer or winter - one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the sun - This exposure alternates as the earth revolves in its orbit
Axis tilt
- cP
- mP
cooling
44. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert
Why weather occurs
Intrusive
Uniformitarianism
Rain shadow
45. Occur when two plates push together - Such faults are strong and relatively deep - Where the strongest earthquakes occur Example: mountain building in the Himalayas and the Andes
Transform plate movements
Convergent plate movements
Meteorology
Subduction zones
46. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal
Mountain
Semidiurnal
Transform plate movements
Tides
47. 186000 miles/second
Photosphere
Snowmelt
Speed of light
Snow packs
48. Forms over water and is associated with wet air
Law of original horizontality
Equinoxes
Mantle
Maritime air
49. Forms south of the Arctic and is cold
Differential heating
50-100
Polar air
Ice Age
50. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5
Distance
El Nino and La Nina
Continental drift
Solar radiation
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