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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Center: 3000
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2. Runoff and groundwater are stored as ________ in lakes
Fossils
freshwater
snow
Tropical air
3. Cause pressure differences - A hot surface heats the air above it and the air expands - lowering the air pressure and its density
Surface temperature differences
Standard time zones
Uniformitarianism
Ways magma can form
4. Typically the tidal mouths of rivers and are often characterized by _____________ or silt carried in from terrestrial runoff - frequently from offshore
Weight and mass
Sedimentation
Rain shadow
El Nino and La Nina
5. Faulting and folding
Styles of rock deformation
Parallax
Mountain
El Nino
6. Ancient astronomers found that eclipses occurred periodically and learned to predict them accurately - Lunar and solar
Weathering
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
Eclipses
29.5
7. The best determiner of climate - as it is consistently and directly correlated with temperature - other factors: Rain shadows - as well as water currents - elevation and so forth
Pacific Ring of Fire
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
Latitude
Standard time zones
8. The movement (carrying away or displacement) of solids (sediment - soil - rock - and other particles) - usually by the agents of currents such as wind - water - or ice by downward or down - slope movement in response to gravity
Planets
Short - period comets
Mineral color
Erosion
9. Some water infiltrates deep into the ground and replenishes ________ - which store huge amounts of freshwater for long periods of time
Diurnal
snow
aquifers
Galactic center
10. The tendency of a moving object to stay in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place - Without _______ - a planet would be pulled into the sun
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
Tidal range
Inertia
Igneous rocks
11. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England
Law of original horizontality
Mountain
Minerals
Longitude
12. One tidal cycle per day
California coast
The big bang theory of cosmology
Diurnal
Sun's gravity
13. The lateral movement of the plates is typically at speeds of ___ mm annually
Extrusive
percolation
The earth's structure
50-100
14. Theory that the earth's continents were originally united as a supercontinent - Pangaea - Established by Alfred Wegener in the early 1900s
Continental drift
Maritime air
Limestone
Law of original horizontality
15. Comprised of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle - broken up into tectonic plates (7 major and many minor) - ride on the asthenosphere
Comet
Lithosphere
percolation
Stratus clouds
16. Can thaw and melt - and the ensuing water flows overland as snowmelt
Geology
Snow packs
freshwater springs
Differential heating
17. Some isolated mountains were produced by volcanoes - including many apparently ________ that reach a great height above the ocean floor
Small islands
Geology
Comet nuclei
Orogenic zones
18. 1 hour of time
15
Neap tide/neaps
The equator
freshwater springs
19. Two types of mountains are formed - depending on how the rock reacts to the tectonic forces
Tectonic plates
Mineral color
Extrusive
Block mountains or fold mountains
20. Continental tropical (dry - warm air)
Comet
Transform plate movements
Long - period comets
- cT
21. Younger beds were originally deposited above older beds
Equinoxes
Law of superposition
Crust
Meteorology
22. Paleontology: Fossil evidence indicates the similarity of fossils on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean - Continental 'jigsaw puzzle': The outlines of the continents seem to fit together
Examples to support Continental drift theory
Small islands
Geology
The distinction between asteroids and comets
23. Forms over land and is associated with dry air
Stars
11
Climate
Continental air
24. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)
Solar radiation
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
Troposhere
Surface ocean currents
25. The major mountains tend to occur in __________ - indicating tectonic plate boundaries and activity
Long linear arcs
Inertia
Earth's crust
Evaporation
26. Some precipitation falls as ____ and can accumulate as ice caps and glaciers - which can store water for thousands of years
Neap tide/neaps
Plate tectonics
Major oceans
snow
27. A natural flow of water - usually freshwater - traveling toward an ocean - a lake - or another stream
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
Neap tide/neaps
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
River
28. The North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean - and thus its temperature extremes are buffered by the water - The result is that the South Pole is consistently _______ during the southern winter than the North Pole during the northern winter
Evapotranspiration
Colder
Uniformitarianism
Petroleum exploration
29. The source of energy for evaporation is primarily through ___________
Subsurface flow
Rainfall
Solar radiation
Photosphere
30. Sun heats water in the oceans - Water evaporates as vapor into the air - Ice and snow can sublimate directly into water vapor...- Over time - the water reenters the ocean - where the water cycle started
Hydrologic cycle
Continental drift
lower elevation
Rain shadow
31. Precipitation - Canopy interception - Snowmelt - Runoff - Percolation - Subsurface flow- Evaporation - Sublimation - Condensation
Hydrologic concepts
Orogenic zones
Stars
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
32. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun
Continental drift
Diurnal
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Parallax
33. On maps - the characteristics of an air mass are represented by two letters: The lowercase letter represents ________ - and the uppercase letter represents temperature
Stratus clouds
moisture
Snowmelt
Standard time zones
34. The transformation of water from liquid to gas phases as it moves from the ground or bodies of water into the overlying atmosphere
Short - period comets
Law of original horizontality
Evaporation
The geological time scale
35. Test the item against materials of known hardness; for example - use your fingernail or the graphite in a pencil to attempt to scratch the items. This process should result in assigning a relative hardness to the unknown items.
Plate tectonics
Semidiurnal
Scratch test
Convergent plate movements
36. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000
Photosphere
Weathering
Rain shadow
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
37. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures
larger planet
10000
Photosphere
lower elevation
38. Can influence climate by sending tremendous volumes of dust - ash - and smoke into the atmosphere
Weathering
The equator
Speed of light
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
39. The result of the buildup of once - living things
Maritime air
The equator
Convergent tectonic plates
Coral reef
40. A semi - closed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it - and with a free connection to the open sea - Often associated with high levels of biological diversity - They are made up of brackish water - Often given names
Weathering
Rock salt
Hydrologic concepts
Estuary
41. The resulting dust layer would act as a shield - blocking out much of the sun's rays - This would result in lower global temperatures and a general _____ of the earth
cooling
Erosion and land use
Diurnal
Weathering
42. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
El Nino
Intrusive
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
43. Formed by sodium chloride
Rock salt
Hydrologic concepts
Mantle plumes
Orogenic zones
44. When the moon is at first quarter or third quarter - the sun - earth and moon form a 90- degree (right) angle with the earth at the vertex - The combined effect of this alignment of the sun - earth - and moon results in tidal ranges on the earth - Wh
Neap tide/neaps
Small islands
29.5
Standard time zones
45. Water transpired from plants and evaporated from the soil
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
lower elevation
Sedimentary rocks
Evapotranspiration
46. The motive force behind land breezes and sea/lake breezes - also known as on - or off - shore winds - Land absorbs and radiates heat faster than water - but water releases heat over a longer period of time
Styles of rock deformation
Rocky planets and moons
Differential heating
Intrusive
47. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths
15
Snowmelt
Pacific Ring of Fire
Intrusive
48. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration
Rainfall
Speed of light
Transpiration
Mechanical/physical weathering
49. Bbreaking along flat surfaces
Solar eclipse
Surface ocean temperature
Surface ocean currents
Cleavage
50. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler
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