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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an
Sedimentary rocks
Diurnal
Limestone
Surface temperature
2. Water transpired from plants and evaporated from the soil
Galaxies
Stars
Limestone
Evapotranspiration
3. Maritime polar (wet - cold air)
- mP
Nuclear fusion
Runoff
Tectonic plates
4. A natural flow of water - usually freshwater - traveling toward an ocean - a lake - or another stream
Comet
Earth
River
Types of galaxies
5. The spectra of distant objects display a red shift - which is interpreted as meaning that they are rapidly receding from us - This apparent expansion of the universe has given rise to the big bang theory of cosmology - in which one primeval mass expl
Mechanical/physical weathering
Canopy interception
The big bang theory of cosmology
Comet nuclei
6. Bodies similar to the sun but immensely distant - Closest stars are 4 light - years away
Stars
Convergent tectonic plates
Crust
Cirrus clouds
7. Some precipitation falls as ____ and can accumulate as ice caps and glaciers - which can store water for thousands of years
snow
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Climate
Hydrologic concepts
8. The runoff produced by melting snow
Sedimentary rocks
Snowmelt
Orogenic zones
Rainfall
9. Faulting and folding
Maritime air
Comet
Sedimentary rocks
Styles of rock deformation
10. Spiral - elliptical - and irregular form are speckled throughout the visible universe - Largest telescope has detected galaxies to its limit of several billion light - years
Volcano
Transform plate movements
Chemical weathering
Types of galaxies
11. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the same area - Atlanta tropical cyclone activity is generally enhanced during La Nina - Often follows the El Nino - especially when the latter is strong
The earth's structure
15
La Nina
Rocky planets and moons
12. Condensed water vapor that falls to the earth's surface - Most precipitation occurs as rain - but also includes snow - hail - fog drip - graupel - and sleet
Orogenic zones
Solar radiation
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Precipitation
13. Around a new or full moon - when the sun - moon - and the earth form a line - the tidal forces due to the sun reinforce those of the moon - The tide's range is at a maximum and is called a spring tide (spring as in 'to jump/leap -' not the season)
Spring tide
Limestone
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Lithosphere
14. A land form that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area - with a peak - Usually produced by the movement of lithospheric plates
Mountain
Winter solstice
Examples to support Continental drift theory
Limestone
15. Stars with the highest ___________ appear blue - while stars with the lowest surface temperature appear red
Surface temperature
Mohs' scale of hardness
Time zone
Tropical air
16. How much matter is in the object
Smaller regions of the oceans
Canopy interception
El Nino
Density
17. Largest zone of the planet (68%); crystalline silicates - rich in magnesium - calcium - and iron; very hot and mainly solid - but local melting to magma is the source of volcanic eruptions
Mantle
Colder
Cleavage
Troposhere
18. An individual weighing 200 lbs on Earth would weigh more on a _______________ - Weight is a function of gravity
Crust
Time zone
larger planet
Snowmelt
19. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years
Maritime air
Tides
Groundwater
Divergent plate movements
20. The flow of water underground - in the vadose zone and aquifers - Subsurface water may return to the surface (as a spring or by being pumped) or eventually seep into the oceans
Subsurface flow
groundwater discharge
Clastic
Scratch test
21. Tides may be...
Photosphere
Why weather occurs
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Equinoxes
22. The Pacific Ring of Fire has examples of volcanoes caused by ___________ coming together
Lunar eclipse
Convergent tectonic plates
Strata
Venus
23. Take up about 1/3 of the earth's land surface - many are formed by rain shadows - Usually have a large diurnal (day) and seasonal temperature range - with high daytime temperatures
Crust
3/4
Sedimentation
Deserts
24. One tidal cycle per day
Solar wind
Fossils
Diurnal
Law of original horizontality
25. Travels in an orbit that is slightly elliptical (oval) - and so the distance from the sun ranges from 91.5 to 94.5 million miles - Its daily rotation deforms the earth to a flattened spheroid - with a polar radius slightly less than the equatorial ra
Surface temperature differences
Earth
freshwater springs
Subduction zones
26. The rising of the earth's ocean surface caused by the tidal forces of the moon and the sun acting on the oceans
Subduction zones
Tides
Sedimentation
Continental drift
27. The North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean - and thus its temperature extremes are buffered by the water - The result is that the South Pole is consistently _______ during the southern winter than the North Pole during the northern winter
Colder
Deserts
The earth's structure
Lunar eclipse
28. Forms over land and is associated with dry air
Tropical air
The Gulf - Stream
Continental air
Extrusive
29. Hotspot volcanoes are also found elsewhere in the Solar System - especially on...
5.6
The big bang theory of cosmology
Rocky planets and moons
Surface ocean temperature
30. Cause pressure differences - A hot surface heats the air above it and the air expands - lowering the air pressure and its density
Surface temperature differences
Mechanical/physical weathering
Equinoxes
Nuclear fusion
31. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England
freshwater
Longitude
Uniformitarianism
Mineral color
32. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon
Continental air
Cirrus clouds
46%
Evaporation
33. Comprises one global - interconnected body of salt water often (though generally recognized as several separate oceans) - A continuous body of water with relatively free interchange among its parts
Sun
World/global ocean
Types of galaxies
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
34. Rising air currents take the vapor up into the atmopshere where cooler temperatures cause it to condense into ____
Soil
clouds
Law of original horizontality
Block mountains or fold mountains
35. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth
Extrusive
Moon
Ice Age
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
36. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune
Canopy interception
freshwater
Comet nuclei
Short - period comets
37. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed
Sedimentation
Precipitation
The geological time scale
50-100
38. Refers to the long - term weather patterns of a large geographical area and takes into account temperature - humidity - and precipitation
Comet
Winter solstice
Climate
El Nino
39. Large - dark clouds that indicate thunderstorms
Earth's crust
Cumulonibus clouds
Mountain
Minerals
40. A major determiner of coastal climate
Surface ocean temperature
- cT
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
Spring tide
41. The layers of sediment deposited in a quiet environment - Common sites of deposition are lakes - deltas at the mouths of rivers - beaches and sandbars along the coast - and (most important) the marine environment
Strata
Mantle
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
Examples to support Continental drift theory
42. Not all runoff flows into rivers; much of it infiltrates into the ground through...
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Earth's crust
percolation
Ways magma can form
43. Sometimes called minor planets or planetoids - Bodies
Asteroids
New moon
Standard time zones
Axis tilt
44. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years
10000
Latitude
Earth's crust
Sun
45. Younger beds were originally deposited above older beds
Law of superposition
The Gulf - Stream
Sedimentation
Weathering
46. Due to a combination of differential heating and geometry - hen the sun rises - it is the tops of the mountain peaks which receive first light - and as the day progresses - the mountain slopes take on a greater heat load than the valleys - This resul
Mineral color
Solar radiation
Gravity and inertia
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
47. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes
Crust
Time zone
Mantle
Types of galaxies
48. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals (also known as biological weathering)
Examples to support Continental drift theory
Chemical weathering
Styles of rock deformation
Surface ocean temperature
49. The movement of rainwater as it filters through soil and rocks into the ground - becoming groundwater
Percolation
Sedimentary rocks
46%
The Gulf - Stream
50. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e
Comet
Latitude
Equinoxes
50-100