Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5






2. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e






3. Large - dark clouds that indicate thunderstorms






4. Characterized by similar temperatures and moisture levels






5. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted






6. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon






7. Solar Atmosphere is divided into the inner chromosphere with explosive prominences and the outer corona - a glowing halo visible only during a total eclipse - Constantly emitting particles as a...






8. 4 terrestrials: Mercury - Venus - Mars - Earth 4 gas giants: Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune At least 5 dwarf planets: Ceres - Pluto - Makemake - Haumea - Eris






9. The stress is particularly severe in _________ - which are characterized by volcanism - metamorphism - deformation - and uplift






10. The rising of the earth's ocean surface caused by the tidal forces of the moon and the sun acting on the oceans






11. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic






12. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away






13. Largest zone of the planet (68%); crystalline silicates - rich in magnesium - calcium - and iron; very hot and mainly solid - but local melting to magma is the source of volcanic eruptions






14. Formed from calcium carbonate - also an example of chemical sedimentary rocks - like roock salt - can contain organic or once - living matter and can record the history of that matter's formation in features such as strata - fossil evidence - and rip






15. The fossiliferous strata record is only the last __% of the earth's history






16. Typically the tidal mouths of rivers and are often characterized by _____________ or silt carried in from terrestrial runoff - frequently from offshore






17. Forms south of the Arctic and is cold






18. The farther from the tropics you are positioned - the ________ the angle of the sun - This causes those locations to be cooler due to the indirect sunlight






19. Method of using the present to interpret the past - Processes occurring today are observed carefully and their effects are measured - Then - geologists assume that similar effects in ancient rocks were caused by processes similar to those of the pres






20. Stars with the highest ___________ appear blue - while stars with the lowest surface temperature appear red






21. Scientists theorize that massive volcanic eruptions on a global scale contributed to the earth's cooling - resulting in the onset of the...






22. The best determiner of climate - as it is consistently and directly correlated with temperature - other factors: Rain shadows - as well as water currents - elevation and so forth






23. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England






24. Comprised of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle - broken up into tectonic plates (7 major and many minor) - ride on the asthenosphere






25. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line






26. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert






27. Two types of mountains are formed - depending on how the rock reacts to the tectonic forces






28. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate






29. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms






30. After the moon has waxed through crescent - quarter - and gibbous phases - a ________ appears - At that time - the moon rises at sunset - and we see all of its illuminated side - Then the phase wanes gradually to another new moon






31. The major mountains tend to occur in __________ - indicating tectonic plate boundaries and activity






32. Some isolated mountains were produced by volcanoes - including many apparently ________ that reach a great height above the ocean floor






33. This scale assigns a fixed number to 10 reference materials. Talc (1) is the softest and diamond (10) is the hardest

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34. There are approx. _____ days between each lunar cycle






35. Forms over land and is associated with dry air






36. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans






37. On maps - the characteristics of an air mass are represented by two letters: The lowercase letter represents ________ - and the uppercase letter represents temperature






38. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through direct contact with atmospheric conditions such as heat - water - ice - and pressure






39. The process in which one type of rock changes into another






40. The outermost part of the earth's interior is made up of two layers...






41. Occurs when the moon sets at sunset - Then the moon is between the earth and the sun - so we see only the dark half of the moon






42. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an






43. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________






44. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...

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45. Two feldspars (orthoclase and plagioclase) - quartz - olivine - and augite - These five minerals are silicates - built from interlocking silicon and oxygen atoms






46. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)






47. The flow of water underground - in the vadose zone and aquifers - Subsurface water may return to the surface (as a spring or by being pumped) or eventually seep into the oceans






48. A continuous drill would find gas - oil - and water in that order - The three substances occur in their order of density - with the lightest substance on top and the heaviest on the bottom






49. The strength of gravity in our solar system depends on both the masses of the celestial objects and the _______ between them






50. Zero degrees latitude - generally has a tropical climate (warm and wet); at the extreme northern and southern latitudes (polar regions) - the climate is very cold and dry