Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Occur when two plates slip past each other - Such faults are generally moderate and are relatively shallow Example: The San Andreas Fault






2. Large - scale movements of the earth's lithosphere - - The theory encompasses the older concepts of continental drift (first half of 20th century) and seafloor spreading (1960s)






3. Formed from calcium carbonate - also an example of chemical sedimentary rocks - like roock salt - can contain organic or once - living matter and can record the history of that matter's formation in features such as strata - fossil evidence - and rip






4. Center: 3000

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5. Cause pressure differences - A hot surface heats the air above it and the air expands - lowering the air pressure and its density






6. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration






7. The fossiliferous strata record is only the last __% of the earth's history






8. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms






9. After the moon has waxed through crescent - quarter - and gibbous phases - a ________ appears - At that time - the moon rises at sunset - and we see all of its illuminated side - Then the phase wanes gradually to another new moon






10. One tidal cycle per day






11. Huge systems of stars - Milky Way is estimated to have 100 billion stars arranged in a great disk






12. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans






13. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5






14. Stars with the highest ___________ appear blue - while stars with the lowest surface temperature appear red






15. Rising air currents take the vapor up into the atmopshere where cooler temperatures cause it to condense into ____






16. Zero degrees latitude - generally has a tropical climate (warm and wet); at the extreme northern and southern latitudes (polar regions) - the climate is very cold and dry






17. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line






18. The difference between levels of ocean water at high and low tides






19. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes






20. The lateral movement of the plates is typically at speeds of ___ mm annually






21. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun






22. An individual weighing 200 lbs on Earth would weigh more on a _______________ - Weight is a function of gravity






23. Takes place when the moon passes between the earth and the sun - with the moon blocking the sunlight for about two minutes - A total ___________ may be seen only from a small zone on the earth






24. Volcanoes can be caused by '____________'; these so - called hotspots - as in Hawaii - can occur far from plate boundaries






25. Occurs at the instant when the sun's position in the sky is at its greatest angular distance on the other side of the equatorial plane from the observer's hemisphere - Depending on the shift of the calendar - the winter solstice occurs some time betw






26. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________






27. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p






28. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog






29. The result of the buildup of once - living things






30. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone






31. - The materials left over after the rock breaks down combine with organic material - The mineral content is determined by the parent material; thus - a soil derived from a single rock type can often be deficient in one or more minerals for good ferti






32. The major mountains tend to occur in __________ - indicating tectonic plate boundaries and activity






33. Defined by geometrically subdividing the earth's spheroid into 24 lunes (wedge - shaped sections) - bordered by meridians - each 15






34. Runoff and groundwater are stored as ________ in lakes






35. Featherlike clouds that indicate fair weather






36. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune






37. Bbreaking along flat surfaces






38. Natural chemical compounds that are the crystals that make up rocks - Each has a specific composition or narrow range of composition






39. Classified as warm - water or cold - water currents






40. The flow of water underground - in the vadose zone and aquifers - Subsurface water may return to the surface (as a spring or by being pumped) or eventually seep into the oceans






41. Forms over the Tropics and is warm






42. On maps - the characteristics of an air mass are represented by two letters: The lowercase letter represents ________ - and the uppercase letter represents temperature






43. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...






44. Tides may be...






45. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e






46. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth






47. Some precipitation falls as ____ and can accumulate as ice caps and glaciers - which can store water for thousands of years






48. (in descending order of size) the Pacific Ocean - the Atlantic Ocean - the Indian Ocean - the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean






49. The earth is believed to be about ___ billion years old






50. 1 hour of time