Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p






2. Scientists theorize that massive volcanic eruptions on a global scale contributed to the earth's cooling - resulting in the onset of the...






3. Form when magma or lava cools and solidifies - Depending on the rate of cooling - can contain visible crystals - while others can appear glassy






4. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone






5. The source of energy for evaporation is primarily through ___________






6. Takes approx. seven and a half earth months to revolve around the sun - Takes approx. eight earth months to rotate on its axis - a day on ________ is longer than a year






7. Center: 3000

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8. 186000 miles/second






9. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic






10. This upslope wind is called a...






11. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler

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12. The strong temperature contrast between polar and tropical air gives rise to the ________






13. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune






14. 4 terrestrials: Mercury - Venus - Mars - Earth 4 gas giants: Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune At least 5 dwarf planets: Ceres - Pluto - Makemake - Haumea - Eris






15. Spiral - elliptical - and irregular form are speckled throughout the visible universe - Largest telescope has detected galaxies to its limit of several billion light - years






16. The spectra of distant objects display a red shift - which is interpreted as meaning that they are rapidly receding from us - This apparent expansion of the universe has given rise to the big bang theory of cosmology - in which one primeval mass expl






17. The best determiner of climate - as it is consistently and directly correlated with temperature - other factors: Rain shadows - as well as water currents - elevation and so forth






18. Temperature - pressure - and composition






19. On maps - the characteristics of an air mass are represented by two letters: The lowercase letter represents ________ - and the uppercase letter represents temperature






20. The Pacific Ring of Fire has examples of volcanoes caused by ___________ coming together






21. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures






22. Theory that the earth's continents were originally united as a supercontinent - Pangaea - Established by Alfred Wegener in the early 1900s






23. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans






24. Some water infiltrates deep into the ground and replenishes ________ - which store huge amounts of freshwater for long periods of time






25. A region of the earth that has uniform standard time - usually referred to as the local time - divided into standard and daylight saving (or summer)






26. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000






27. Huge systems of stars - Milky Way is estimated to have 100 billion stars arranged in a great disk






28. A major determiner of coastal climate






29. Some precipitation falls as ____ and can accumulate as ice caps and glaciers - which can store water for thousands of years






30. There are approx. _____ days between each lunar cycle






31. Largest zone of the planet (68%); crystalline silicates - rich in magnesium - calcium - and iron; very hot and mainly solid - but local melting to magma is the source of volcanic eruptions






32. After the moon has waxed through crescent - quarter - and gibbous phases - a ________ appears - At that time - the moon rises at sunset - and we see all of its illuminated side - Then the phase wanes gradually to another new moon






33. Different visual appearance; when discovered - comets show a perceptible coma while asteroids do not






34. 1 hour of time






35. Forms over water and is associated with wet air






36. Method of using the present to interpret the past - Processes occurring today are observed carefully and their effects are measured - Then - geologists assume that similar effects in ancient rocks were caused by processes similar to those of the pres






37. A semi - closed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it - and with a free connection to the open sea - Often associated with high levels of biological diversity - They are made up of brackish water - Often given names






38. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e






39. Igneous rock that forms on the earth's surface - Examples obsidian - basalt - and pumice






40. A warm - water current that carries warm water from the Tropics to the Arctic regions of the North Atlantic Ocean - This accounts for higher temperatures and higher humidity on the Eastern Seaboard during the summer






41. Precipitation - Canopy interception - Snowmelt - Runoff - Percolation - Subsurface flow- Evaporation - Sublimation - Condensation






42. How much matter is in the object






43. Younger beds were originally deposited above older beds






44. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert






45. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...






46. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________






47. Rocks are placed into groups according to how they form...






48. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms






49. Can influence climate by sending tremendous volumes of dust - ash - and smoke into the atmosphere






50. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog