Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The major mountains tend to occur in __________ - indicating tectonic plate boundaries and activity






2. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune






3. Somewhat cooler disturbances in the photosphere






4. Occurs at the instant when the sun's position in the sky is at its greatest angular distance on the other side of the equatorial plane from the observer's hemisphere - Depending on the shift of the calendar - the winter solstice occurs some time betw






5. Stars with the highest ___________ appear blue - while stars with the lowest surface temperature appear red






6. Seasons are marked by changes in the amount of sunlight - which in turn often cause cycles of dormancy in plants and hibernation in animals - These effects vary with latitude and with proximity to bodies of water






7. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th






8. The sun and oceans can also affect the weather of land - If the sun heats ocean waters for a period of time - water can evaporate - Once evaporated into the air - the moisture can spread over nearby land - thus making it cooler

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9. Some isolated mountains were produced by volcanoes - including many apparently ________ that reach a great height above the ocean floor






10. The layers of sediment deposited in a quiet environment - Common sites of deposition are lakes - deltas at the mouths of rivers - beaches and sandbars along the coast - and (most important) the marine environment






11. The earth is believed to be about ___ billion years old






12. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted






13. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...






14. The resulting dust layer would act as a shield - blocking out much of the sun's rays - This would result in lower global temperatures and a general _____ of the earth






15. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy






16. Characterized by similar temperatures and moisture levels






17. Loose collections of ice - dust - and small rocky particles - measuring a few kilometers or tens of kilometers across






18. Faulting and folding






19. Some groundwater finds openings in the land surface and emerges as...






20. A land form that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area - with a peak - Usually produced by the movement of lithospheric plates






21. Maritime tropical (wet - warm air)






22. 1 hour of time






23. The fossiliferous strata record is only the last __% of the earth's history






24. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths






25. Take up about 1/3 of the earth's land surface - many are formed by rain shadows - Usually have a large diurnal (day) and seasonal temperature range - with high daytime temperatures






26. The movement of rainwater as it filters through soil and rocks into the ground - becoming groundwater






27. Comprised of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle - broken up into tectonic plates (7 major and many minor) - ride on the asthenosphere






28. Largest zone of the planet (68%); crystalline silicates - rich in magnesium - calcium - and iron; very hot and mainly solid - but local melting to magma is the source of volcanic eruptions






29. The lateral movement of the plates is typically at speeds of ___ mm annually






30. The process in which one type of rock changes into another






31. Takes place when the moon passes between the earth and the sun - with the moon blocking the sunlight for about two minutes - A total ___________ may be seen only from a small zone on the earth






32. Some water infiltrates deep into the ground and replenishes ________ - which store huge amounts of freshwater for long periods of time






33. The North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean - and thus its temperature extremes are buffered by the water - The result is that the South Pole is consistently _______ during the southern winter than the North Pole during the northern winter






34. Continental polar (dry - cold air)






35. The science of the atmosphere and weather






36. The farther from the tropics you are positioned - the ________ the angle of the sun - This causes those locations to be cooler due to the indirect sunlight






37. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)






38. The degrees north or south of the equator






39. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics






40. Forms over the Tropics and is warm






41. Rising air currents take the vapor up into the atmopshere where cooler temperatures cause it to condense into ____






42. 4 terrestrials: Mercury - Venus - Mars - Earth 4 gas giants: Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune At least 5 dwarf planets: Ceres - Pluto - Makemake - Haumea - Eris






43. Earth movements - The result of forces within the earth - where temperature and pressure differences lead to instability






44. Scientists theorize that massive volcanic eruptions on a global scale contributed to the earth's cooling - resulting in the onset of the...






45. Air currents move clouds around the globe and cloud particles collide - grow - and fall out of the sky as ________ - Most of it falls back into the oceans or onto land - where the precipitation flows over the ground as surface runoff - portion of run






46. An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions associated with the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean - In a 40000 km horseshoe shape - associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches - volcanic arcs - and volcanic






47. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)






48. Seas - gulfs - bays - and other names






49. The tendency of a moving object to stay in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place - Without _______ - a planet would be pulled into the sun






50. Temperature - pressure - and composition