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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Comprises one global - interconnected body of salt water often (though generally recognized as several separate oceans) - A continuous body of water with relatively free interchange among its parts
Density
Solar eclipse
World/global ocean
Daylight saving time zones
2. A warm - water current that carries warm water from the Tropics to the Arctic regions of the North Atlantic Ocean - This accounts for higher temperatures and higher humidity on the Eastern Seaboard during the summer
Continental drift
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
The Gulf - Stream
Differential heating
3. Occurs at the instant when the sun's position in the sky is at its greatest angular distance on the other side of the equatorial plane from the observer's hemisphere - Depending on the shift of the calendar - the winter solstice occurs some time betw
Weathering
Mantle plumes
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Winter solstice
4. Smooth layers of low clouds that indicate a chance of drizzle or snow
Stratus clouds
Eclipses
Meteorology
The earth's structure
5. The strong temperature contrast between polar and tropical air gives rise to the ________
Lunar eclipse
Conglomerates
jet stream
Erosion and land use
6. Bbreaking along flat surfaces
Sunspots
Snowmelt
Scratch test
Cleavage
7. Affected by factors such as weathering and impurities
Mineral color
Sublimation
Solar wind
Examples to support Continental drift theory
8. Hotspot volcanoes are also found elsewhere in the Solar System - especially on...
Surface temperature differences
Rocky planets and moons
10000
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
9. Tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly - and so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years
Groundwater
Speed of light
Continental air
Nuclear fusion
10. The process in which one type of rock changes into another
The rock cycle
Crustal rocks
29.5
groundwater discharge
11. A semi - closed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it - and with a free connection to the open sea - Often associated with high levels of biological diversity - They are made up of brackish water - Often given names
Hydrologic concepts
Tides
Continental drift
Estuary
12. Rocks are placed into groups according to how they form...
Coral reef
Erosion
Sun's gravity
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
13. Some groundwater finds openings in the land surface and emerges as...
freshwater springs
Altostratus clouds
Clastic
clouds
14. Theory that the earth's continents were originally united as a supercontinent - Pangaea - Established by Alfred Wegener in the early 1900s
Continental drift
World/global ocean
Gravity and inertia
Coral reef
15. The movement of rainwater as it filters through soil and rocks into the ground - becoming groundwater
Percolation
Semidiurnal
Estuary
Deserts
16. Divided into two main types: large - low- density gas giants and smaller - rocky terrestrials - There are at least 341 identified _______ - 8 of which are in the Solar System
Sedimentary rocks
Planets
Smaller regions of the oceans
- mT
17. The resulting dust layer would act as a shield - blocking out much of the sun's rays - This would result in lower global temperatures and a general _____ of the earth
Cleavage
Speed of light
cooling
Maritime air
18. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes
Snow packs
Continental drift
Divergent plate movements
Crust
19. There are approx. _____ days between each lunar cycle
Galaxies
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Chaotic system
29.5
20. Occur when two plates pull away from each other - Such faults are generally weak and shallow Example: the Mid - Atlantic Range in the Atlantic Ocean
Solar wind
Divergent plate movements
cooling
Density
21. Featherlike clouds that indicate fair weather
Mohs' scale of hardness
cooling
Cirrus clouds
Lunar eclipse
22. Faulting and folding
Groundwater
La Nina
Longitude
Styles of rock deformation
23. Temperature - pressure - and composition
Transform plate movements
Ways magma can form
Canopy interception
Sedimentary rocks
24. Stars with the highest ___________ appear blue - while stars with the lowest surface temperature appear red
Surface temperature
Law of superposition
Density
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
25. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics
Why weather occurs
Surface temperature
Speed of light
Density
26. When the moon is at first quarter or third quarter - the sun - earth and moon form a 90- degree (right) angle with the earth at the vertex - The combined effect of this alignment of the sun - earth - and moon results in tidal ranges on the earth - Wh
Solar wind
Percolation
29.5
Neap tide/neaps
27. Forms over land and is associated with dry air
Solar eclipse
Law of superposition
Continental air
Subsurface flow
28. Not all runoff flows into rivers; much of it infiltrates into the ground through...
Semidiurnal
percolation
Cumulonibus clouds
Mohs' scale of hardness
29. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an
Smaller regions of the oceans
Sedimentary rocks
Evapotranspiration
Mineral color
30. (in descending order of size) the Pacific Ocean - the Atlantic Ocean - the Indian Ocean - the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean
Snowmelt
Planets
Major oceans
Comet
31. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years
Axis tilt
10000
Geology
Seasons
32. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5
Erosion and land use
El Nino and La Nina
Rain shadow
Plate tectonics
33. The center of the sun may have a temperature of millions of degrees; the visible surface - the ______ - is about 6000
Clastic
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
Sun's gravity
Photosphere
34. A major determiner of coastal climate
Cleavage
World/global ocean
New moon
Surface ocean temperature
35. Maritime polar (wet - cold air)
Neap tide/neaps
Galaxies
Block mountains or fold mountains
- mP
36. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the
River
Coral reef
Seasons
Polar air
37. A natural flow of water - usually freshwater - traveling toward an ocean - a lake - or another stream
The Gulf - Stream
River
Mid - oceanic ridge
Mineral color
38. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...
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39. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals (also known as biological weathering)
Long linear arcs
Percolation
Latitude
Chemical weathering
40. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England
Longitude
Spring tide
29.5
The geological time scale
41. The best determiner of climate - as it is consistently and directly correlated with temperature - other factors: Rain shadows - as well as water currents - elevation and so forth
Spring tide
California coast
Weight and mass
Latitude
42. The process of chemical or physical breakdown of earth rocks - soils - and their minerals
Deserts
Snowmelt
Climate
Weathering
43. The spectra of distant objects display a red shift - which is interpreted as meaning that they are rapidly receding from us - This apparent expansion of the universe has given rise to the big bang theory of cosmology - in which one primeval mass expl
Snowmelt
Hydrologic concepts
Venus
The big bang theory of cosmology
44. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
Neap tide/neaps
Equinoxes
Metamorphic rocks
45. How much matter is in the object
Density
Tidal range
Law of original horizontality
Why weather occurs
46. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog
Surface temperature differences
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Condensation
Troposhere
47. The major mountains tend to occur in __________ - indicating tectonic plate boundaries and activity
Subsurface flow
Long linear arcs
Deserts
Chaotic system
48. Some infiltration stays close to the land surface and can seep back into surface - water bodies (and the ocean) as...
groundwater discharge
Speed of light
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
Winter solstice
49. Earth movements - The result of forces within the earth - where temperature and pressure differences lead to instability
Crustal rocks
Full moon
46%
moisture
50. The runoff produced by melting snow
- cP
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
Snowmelt
Rain shadow