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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Large - scale movements of the earth's lithosphere - - The theory encompasses the older concepts of continental drift (first half of 20th century) and seafloor spreading (1960s)
Chemical weathering
Plate tectonics
Galactic center
Small islands
2. The result of the buildup of once - living things
Photosphere
Coral reef
Inertia
El Nino
3. Take up about 1/3 of the earth's land surface - many are formed by rain shadows - Usually have a large diurnal (day) and seasonal temperature range - with high daytime temperatures
Axis tilt
Opposite seasons
Deserts
Continental drift
4. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy
Law of original horizontality
Small islands
Nuclear fusion
Maritime air
5. Spiral - elliptical - and irregular form are speckled throughout the visible universe - Largest telescope has detected galaxies to its limit of several billion light - years
Cumulonibus clouds
Types of galaxies
Cleavage
Chemical weathering
6. The degrees north or south of the equator
Surface ocean temperature
Cirrus clouds
Spring tide
Latitude
7. Volcanoes can be caused by '____________'; these so - called hotspots - as in Hawaii - can occur far from plate boundaries
Weathering
Differential heating
Solar radiation
Mantle plumes
8. The runoff produced by melting snow
Snowmelt
Latitude
Lunar eclipse
Air mass
9. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes
Runoff
Cumulonibus clouds
Volcano
Crust
10. A natural flow of water - usually freshwater - traveling toward an ocean - a lake - or another stream
Hydrologic concepts
River
Tectonic plates
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
11. Faulting and folding
groundwater discharge
Examples to support Continental drift theory
Crustal rocks
Styles of rock deformation
12. Believed to originate at a much greater distance from the Sun - in a cloud (the Oort cloud) consisting of debris left over from the condensation of solar nebula - Comets are thrown from the outer planets or nearby stars - or as a result of collisions
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
Small islands
Long - period comets
World/global ocean
13. Cause pressure differences - A hot surface heats the air above it and the air expands - lowering the air pressure and its density
clouds
Surface temperature differences
Short - period comets
Neap tide/neaps
14. Some isolated mountains were produced by volcanoes - including many apparently ________ that reach a great height above the ocean floor
Lithosphere
Small islands
Mineral color
Daylight saving time zones
15. One tidal cycle per day
freshwater springs
5.6
Diurnal
Lithosphere
16. A huge ball of incandescent gases - Its mass is more than 300000 times that of the earth - Principal constituents are the lightest elements - hydrogen and helium
Sun
Continental air
Coral reef
Metamorphic rocks
17. Two types of mountains are formed - depending on how the rock reacts to the tectonic forces
Tropical air
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Block mountains or fold mountains
River
18. The layers of sediment deposited in a quiet environment - Common sites of deposition are lakes - deltas at the mouths of rivers - beaches and sandbars along the coast - and (most important) the marine environment
Strata
Mantle plumes
Meteorology
Opposite seasons
19. Some water infiltrates deep into the ground and replenishes ________ - which store huge amounts of freshwater for long periods of time
aquifers
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Clastic
Chemical sedimentary rocks
20. The atmosphere is a __________ - and so small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole - This makes it difficult to accurately predict weather more than a few days in advance
Rock salt
- cT
Smaller regions of the oceans
Chaotic system
21. Air currents move clouds around the globe and cloud particles collide - grow - and fall out of the sky as ________ - Most of it falls back into the oceans or onto land - where the precipitation flows over the ground as surface runoff - portion of run
Continental drift
Asteroids
Mineral color
precipitation
22. Some precipitation falls as ____ and can accumulate as ice caps and glaciers - which can store water for thousands of years
- cP
snow
Continental air
Earth
23. Takes place when the moon passes between the earth and the sun - with the moon blocking the sunlight for about two minutes - A total ___________ may be seen only from a small zone on the earth
50-100
Solar eclipse
Clastic
- mP
24. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow
The earth's structure
Altostratus clouds
Long - period comets
The rock cycle
25. Seasons are marked by changes in the amount of sunlight - which in turn often cause cycles of dormancy in plants and hibernation in animals - These effects vary with latitude and with proximity to bodies of water
Neap tide/neaps
Styles of rock deformation
Inertia
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
26. Seas - gulfs - bays - and other names
Ways magma can form
Meteorology
Smaller regions of the oceans
Geology
27. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone
Stars
Orogenic zones
The big bang theory of cosmology
Conglomerates
28. Form when magma or lava cools and solidifies - Depending on the rate of cooling - can contain visible crystals - while others can appear glassy
Igneous rocks
Tides
Strata
Scratch test
29. Occurs at the instant when the sun's position in the sky is at its greatest angular distance on the other side of the equatorial plane from the observer's hemisphere - Depending on the shift of the calendar - the winter solstice occurs some time betw
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Examples to support Continental drift theory
Winter solstice
Earth's crust
30. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...
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31. The precipitation that is intercepted by plant foliage and eventually evaporates back to the atmosphere rather than falling to the ground
Canopy interception
Ice Age
Nuclear fusion
Mantle
32. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate
freshwater
Mechanical/physical weathering
Rainfall
Metamorphic rocks
33. At any given time - regardless of season - the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience...
Snow packs
Troposhere
snow
Opposite seasons
34. Occur when two plates push together - Such faults are strong and relatively deep - Where the strongest earthquakes occur Example: mountain building in the Himalayas and the Andes
Convergent plate movements
Ways magma can form
Transform plate movements
Solar System
35. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
Valley breeze
World/global ocean
El Nino
36. Rocks are placed into groups according to how they form...
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Seasons
Sun
37. Affected by factors such as weathering and impurities
Mineral color
The rock cycle
Rock salt
Soil
38. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods
New moon
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
Comet
World/global ocean
39. Two feldspars (orthoclase and plagioclase) - quartz - olivine - and augite - These five minerals are silicates - built from interlocking silicon and oxygen atoms
Solar System
California coast
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Distance
40. The farther from the tropics you are positioned - the ________ the angle of the sun - This causes those locations to be cooler due to the indirect sunlight
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
lower
Earth
clouds
41. Occur when two plates slip past each other - Such faults are generally moderate and are relatively shallow Example: The San Andreas Fault
Small islands
Transform plate movements
Nuclear fusion
aquifers
42. The Pacific Ring of Fire has examples of volcanoes caused by ___________ coming together
Short - period comets
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
Tectonic plates
Convergent tectonic plates
43. Continental tropical (dry - warm air)
- cT
Intrusive
Why weather occurs
Sunspots
44. Can thaw and melt - and the ensuing water flows overland as snowmelt
Types of galaxies
Density
Snow packs
Semidiurnal or diurnal
45. Refers to the long - term weather patterns of a large geographical area and takes into account temperature - humidity - and precipitation
Subsurface flow
Climate
Long linear arcs
Tectonic plates
46. Cirrus - Stratus - Cumulonimbus - Altostratus
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Types of clouds
La Nina
47. A land form that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area - with a peak - Usually produced by the movement of lithospheric plates
Block mountains or fold mountains
Weather phenomena on earth
The geological time scale
Mountain
48. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p
Volcano
Limestone
Pacific Ring of Fire
Clastic
49. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away
groundwater discharge
Andromeda galaxy
Evaporation
Conglomerates
50. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...
Earth
Plate tectonics
Sunspots
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting