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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Occur when two plates slip past each other - Such faults are generally moderate and are relatively shallow Example: The San Andreas Fault
- mP
Transform plate movements
Galaxies
Pacific Ring of Fire
2. Large - scale movements of the earth's lithosphere - - The theory encompasses the older concepts of continental drift (first half of 20th century) and seafloor spreading (1960s)
Geology
Rock salt
Plate tectonics
Types of galaxies
3. Formed from calcium carbonate - also an example of chemical sedimentary rocks - like roock salt - can contain organic or once - living matter and can record the history of that matter's formation in features such as strata - fossil evidence - and rip
Convergent plate movements
Ice Age
Limestone
The distinction between asteroids and comets
4. Center: 3000
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5. Cause pressure differences - A hot surface heats the air above it and the air expands - lowering the air pressure and its density
Surface temperature differences
Photosphere
Estuary
New moon
6. Evaporation often implicitly includes ___________ from plants - although together they are specifically referred to as evapotranspiration
Equinoxes
Limestone
Sunspots
Transpiration
7. The fossiliferous strata record is only the last __% of the earth's history
lower
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
Minerals
11
8. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
Stars
Transform plate movements
Weather phenomena on earth
9. After the moon has waxed through crescent - quarter - and gibbous phases - a ________ appears - At that time - the moon rises at sunset - and we see all of its illuminated side - Then the phase wanes gradually to another new moon
groundwater discharge
Erosion and land use
Full moon
Volcano
10. One tidal cycle per day
- mP
Types of clouds
Crust
Diurnal
11. Huge systems of stars - Milky Way is estimated to have 100 billion stars arranged in a great disk
Galaxies
Photosphere
Percolation
Climate
12. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Block mountains or fold mountains
Semidiurnal
Subduction zones
13. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5
Metamorphic rocks
groundwater discharge
El Nino and La Nina
Ways magma can form
14. Stars with the highest ___________ appear blue - while stars with the lowest surface temperature appear red
Weathering
Surface temperature
The equator
Crust
15. Rising air currents take the vapor up into the atmopshere where cooler temperatures cause it to condense into ____
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
clouds
Block mountains or fold mountains
5.6
16. Zero degrees latitude - generally has a tropical climate (warm and wet); at the extreme northern and southern latitudes (polar regions) - the climate is very cold and dry
Transpiration
snow
The equator
Cleavage
17. Both gravity and inertia work together to keep planets in orbit around the sun - Inertia makes a planet travel in a straight line
Tidal range
Divergent plate movements
Stars
Gravity and inertia
18. The difference between levels of ocean water at high and low tides
Parallax
Altostratus clouds
Tidal range
Precipitation
19. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes
Mechanical/physical weathering
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Crust
Comet
20. The lateral movement of the plates is typically at speeds of ___ mm annually
50-100
Colder
Precipitation
Solar wind
21. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun
Parallax
Smaller regions of the oceans
California coast
Comet nuclei
22. An individual weighing 200 lbs on Earth would weigh more on a _______________ - Weight is a function of gravity
larger planet
Condensation
Hydrologic concepts
Galaxies
23. Takes place when the moon passes between the earth and the sun - with the moon blocking the sunlight for about two minutes - A total ___________ may be seen only from a small zone on the earth
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
- mP
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Solar eclipse
24. Volcanoes can be caused by '____________'; these so - called hotspots - as in Hawaii - can occur far from plate boundaries
Crustal rocks
Mantle plumes
Surface ocean temperature
Convergent plate movements
25. Occurs at the instant when the sun's position in the sky is at its greatest angular distance on the other side of the equatorial plane from the observer's hemisphere - Depending on the shift of the calendar - the winter solstice occurs some time betw
Winter solstice
Convergent tectonic plates
The big bang theory of cosmology
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
26. The sun is not at the center of the disk - but out toward the perimeter - and is revolving around the ________
Snowmelt
snow
Mountain
Galactic center
27. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p
Earth's crust
11
Volcano
Types of galaxies
28. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog
- mT
Condensation
Mechanical/physical weathering
Sedimentary rocks
29. The result of the buildup of once - living things
Crustal rocks
Divergent plate movements
Stratus clouds
Coral reef
30. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone
3/4
lower
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Conglomerates
31. - The materials left over after the rock breaks down combine with organic material - The mineral content is determined by the parent material; thus - a soil derived from a single rock type can often be deficient in one or more minerals for good ferti
Solar eclipse
Rain shadow
Soil
La Nina
32. The major mountains tend to occur in __________ - indicating tectonic plate boundaries and activity
Long linear arcs
3/4
Neap tide/neaps
The geological time scale
33. Defined by geometrically subdividing the earth's spheroid into 24 lunes (wedge - shaped sections) - bordered by meridians - each 15
Sublimation
Strata
Standard time zones
Sun
34. Runoff and groundwater are stored as ________ in lakes
freshwater
Valley breeze
Sun's gravity
Density
35. Featherlike clouds that indicate fair weather
Cirrus clouds
Gravity and inertia
lower elevation
Rocky planets and moons
36. Thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt - or associated scattered discs - which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune
The geological time scale
Mantle plumes
Short - period comets
Geology
37. Bbreaking along flat surfaces
Cleavage
Chemical sedimentary rocks
10000
Solar System
38. Natural chemical compounds that are the crystals that make up rocks - Each has a specific composition or narrow range of composition
Crustal rocks
Minerals
Types of galaxies
- cT
39. Classified as warm - water or cold - water currents
Tides
Weather phenomena on earth
Surface ocean currents
Venus
40. The flow of water underground - in the vadose zone and aquifers - Subsurface water may return to the surface (as a spring or by being pumped) or eventually seep into the oceans
Sunspots
Subsurface flow
Lunar eclipse
Uniformitarianism
41. Forms over the Tropics and is warm
46%
Tropical air
Weight and mass
Erosion and land use
42. On maps - the characteristics of an air mass are represented by two letters: The lowercase letter represents ________ - and the uppercase letter represents temperature
moisture
Semidiurnal
Mantle plumes
Andromeda galaxy
43. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...
Diurnal
larger planet
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Lunar eclipse
44. Tides may be...
Precipitation
3/4
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Full moon
45. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e
Rainfall
Equinoxes
Standard time zones
Neap tide/neaps
46. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth
Diurnal
Moon
Lithosphere
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
47. Some precipitation falls as ____ and can accumulate as ice caps and glaciers - which can store water for thousands of years
- cP
jet stream
snow
Transform plate movements
48. (in descending order of size) the Pacific Ocean - the Atlantic Ocean - the Indian Ocean - the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean
Major oceans
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
Comet
Conglomerates
49. The earth is believed to be about ___ billion years old
Axis tilt
5.6
Opposite seasons
Stratus clouds
50. 1 hour of time
Speed of light
snow
5.6
15