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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Loose collections of ice - dust - and small rocky particles - measuring a few kilometers or tens of kilometers across
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Longitude
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
Comet nuclei
2. Continental tropical (dry - warm air)
- cT
Standard time zones
World/global ocean
Pacific Ring of Fire
3. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate
Intrusive
Seasons
Metamorphic rocks
Mid - oceanic ridge
4. The fossiliferous strata record is only the last __% of the earth's history
Lunar eclipse
Estuary
Mechanical/physical weathering
11
5. Due to a combination of differential heating and geometry - hen the sun rises - it is the tops of the mountain peaks which receive first light - and as the day progresses - the mountain slopes take on a greater heat load than the valleys - This resul
Stars
Lunar eclipse
Cumulonibus clouds
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
6. Continental polar (dry - cold air)
Speed of light
Longitude
Mineral color
- cP
7. The movement of rainwater as it filters through soil and rocks into the ground - becoming groundwater
Long linear arcs
Solar radiation
Strata
Percolation
8. The best determiner of climate - as it is consistently and directly correlated with temperature - other factors: Rain shadows - as well as water currents - elevation and so forth
Colder
Transform plate movements
Latitude
cooling
9. Earth movements - The result of forces within the earth - where temperature and pressure differences lead to instability
Cleavage
freshwater springs
Crustal rocks
Polar air
10. The North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean - and thus its temperature extremes are buffered by the water - The result is that the South Pole is consistently _______ during the southern winter than the North Pole during the northern winter
Colder
Runoff
Stratus clouds
Daylight saving time zones
11. Igneous rock that forms on the earth's surface - Examples obsidian - basalt - and pumice
The rock cycle
Diurnal
Extrusive
River
12. The evaporation of these oceans is how we get most of our __________ - and their temperature determines our climate and wind patterns
Ice Age
aquifers
Galaxies
Rainfall
13. The outermost part of the earth's interior is made up of two layers...
lower elevation
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Weight and mass
14. Volcanoes are also found in __________ - where the denser oceanic plates are forced under continental plates; this adds massive volumes of water to the mantle - allowing magma to melt more readily and rise to the surface to form volcanoes
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Stars
Subduction zones
World/global ocean
15. Weather occurs primarily due to density (temperature and moisture) differences between one location and another - These differences can occur due to the angle of the sun at any particular spot - which varies by latitude from the tropics
Why weather occurs
- mP
The big bang theory of cosmology
Volcano
16. Different visual appearance; when discovered - comets show a perceptible coma while asteroids do not
The rock cycle
Eclipses
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Convergent plate movements
17. Formed by sodium chloride
Clastic
Divergent plate movements
Rock salt
Chaotic system
18. The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air - producing clouds and fog
- mT
Condensation
Geology
Mountain breezes and valley breezes
19. Volcanoes are generally found where ________ are diverging or converging
Tectonic plates
Transpiration
Percolation
Inertia
20. The earth is believed to be about ___ billion years old
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
Differential heating
Troposhere
5.6
21. Somewhat cooler disturbances in the photosphere
Tectonic plates
Long - period comets
Sunspots
Sun
22. After the moon has waxed through crescent - quarter - and gibbous phases - a ________ appears - At that time - the moon rises at sunset - and we see all of its illuminated side - Then the phase wanes gradually to another new moon
Longitude
Full moon
La Nina
River
23. Hotspot volcanoes are also found elsewhere in the Solar System - especially on...
World/global ocean
Solar eclipse
Rocky planets and moons
Tectonic plates
24. The cold - water current that flows north to south off the _____________ keeps the West Coast fairly cool during the summer - Cold - water currents create cooler temperatures in areas that would otherwise be much warmer
The Gulf - Stream
California coast
Major oceans
11
25. Sun heats water in the oceans - Water evaporates as vapor into the air - Ice and snow can sublimate directly into water vapor...- Over time - the water reenters the ocean - where the water cycle started
Pacific Ring of Fire
Limestone
Rock salt
Hydrologic cycle
26. Theory that the earth's continents were originally united as a supercontinent - Pangaea - Established by Alfred Wegener in the early 1900s
Continental drift
Volcano
Smaller regions of the oceans
Convergent plate movements
27. Solar Atmosphere is divided into the inner chromosphere with explosive prominences and the outer corona - a glowing halo visible only during a total eclipse - Constantly emitting particles as a...
Parallax
Smaller regions of the oceans
Solar wind
Distance
28. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5
El Nino and La Nina
Petroleum exploration
Hydrologic cycle
46%
29. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone
Conglomerates
Diurnal
Comet nuclei
Standard time zones
30. Air currents move clouds around the globe and cloud particles collide - grow - and fall out of the sky as ________ - Most of it falls back into the oceans or onto land - where the precipitation flows over the ground as surface runoff - portion of run
Photosphere
Transform plate movements
Surface temperature differences
precipitation
31. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted
Condensation
Pacific Ring of Fire
Stars
Runoff
32. The precipitation that is intercepted by plant foliage and eventually evaporates back to the atmosphere rather than falling to the ground
Transform plate movements
Ice Age
Canopy interception
Nuclear fusion
33. The atmosphere is a __________ - and so small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole - This makes it difficult to accurately predict weather more than a few days in advance
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Plate tectonics
Pacific Ring of Fire
Chaotic system
34. On maps - the characteristics of an air mass are represented by two letters: The lowercase letter represents ________ - and the uppercase letter represents temperature
moisture
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Types of galaxies
Rocky planets and moons
35. Runoff and groundwater are stored as ________ in lakes
Surface temperature
Tides
freshwater
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
36. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun
- cP
Opposite seasons
Sublimation
Parallax
37. A region of the earth that has uniform standard time - usually referred to as the local time - divided into standard and daylight saving (or summer)
Hydrologic cycle
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Fossils
Time zone
38. Volcanoes can be caused by '____________'; these so - called hotspots - as in Hawaii - can occur far from plate boundaries
Parallax
Mantle plumes
Air mass
cooling
39. The degrees east or west of the prime meridian through Greenwich - England
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
29.5
Longitude
Crust
40. The Pacific Ring of Fire has examples of volcanoes caused by ___________ coming together
Opposite seasons
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
The geological time scale
Convergent tectonic plates
41. Not all runoff flows into rivers; much of it infiltrates into the ground through...
Hydrologic concepts
Lunar eclipse
percolation
Estuary
42. 1 hour of time
15
Hydrologic concepts
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
cooling
43. Can thaw and melt - and the ensuing water flows overland as snowmelt
Snow packs
clouds
The rock cycle
Opposite seasons
44. (or summer time zones) include an offset (typically +1 hour) for daylight saving time
Daylight saving time zones
Estuary
Surface temperature
The most abundant minerals in the crust
45. Maritime tropical (wet - warm air)
- mT
lower
Evaporation
California coast
46. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)
Diurnal
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
Sublimation
Standard time zones
47. Characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific - warm current of nutrient - poor tropical water - heated by its eastward passage in the Equatorial Current - replaces the cold - nutrient - rich surface water of th
lower
Hydrologic concepts
El Nino
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
48. Forms over land and is associated with dry air
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Continental air
Andromeda galaxy
Cumulonibus clouds
49. Some infiltration stays close to the land surface and can seep back into surface - water bodies (and the ocean) as...
Axis tilt
Orogenic zones
The rock cycle
groundwater discharge
50. Further caused by the elliptical orbit of the earth - Earth reaches perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the sun) in January - and it reaches aphelion (farthest point from the sun) in July - Also depend on factors such as proximity to oceans
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Weight and mass
lower elevation
Law of superposition