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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Take up about 1/3 of the earth's land surface - many are formed by rain shadows - Usually have a large diurnal (day) and seasonal temperature range - with high daytime temperatures
Soil
Deserts
Erosion
Erosion and land use
2. (in descending order of size) the Pacific Ocean - the Atlantic Ocean - the Indian Ocean - the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean
Sun's gravity
Tides
Major oceans
Igneous rocks
3. Comprised of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle - broken up into tectonic plates (7 major and many minor) - ride on the asthenosphere
Percolation
Lithosphere
Sedimentary rocks
Inertia
4. The tendency of a moving object to stay in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place - Without _______ - a planet would be pulled into the sun
Inertia
Surface temperature differences
Sedimentary - igneous - metamorphic
Andromeda galaxy
5. Occurs when the moon sets at sunset - Then the moon is between the earth and the sun - so we see only the dark half of the moon
Subduction zones
New moon
Mechanical/physical weathering
Meteorology
6. Volcanoes can be caused by '____________'; these so - called hotspots - as in Hawaii - can occur far from plate boundaries
Sedimentary rocks
Mantle plumes
Earth's crust
Opposite seasons
7. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths
Intrusive
Maritime air
Weight and mass
freshwater springs
8. Runoff and groundwater are stored as ________ in lakes
Differential heating
freshwater
Continental air
Photosphere
9. The lateral movement of the plates is typically at speeds of ___ mm annually
Parallax
29.5
50-100
Igneous rocks
10. Test the item against materials of known hardness; for example - use your fingernail or the graphite in a pencil to attempt to scratch the items. This process should result in assigning a relative hardness to the unknown items.
Igneous rocks
Scratch test
Mantle plumes
Soil
11. Can influence climate by sending tremendous volumes of dust - ash - and smoke into the atmosphere
11
Cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
3/4
freshwater
12. Cause pressure differences - A hot surface heats the air above it and the air expands - lowering the air pressure and its density
Rainfall
Surface temperature differences
World/global ocean
Solar wind
13. Common: wind - clouds - rain - snow - fog - dust storms - Less common: natural disasters such as tornadoes - hurricanes - and ice storms
Why weather occurs
Weathering
Transform plate movements
Weather phenomena on earth
14. Typically the tidal mouths of rivers and are often characterized by _____________ or silt carried in from terrestrial runoff - frequently from offshore
Surface ocean temperature
Sedimentation
Continental drift
Latitude
15. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon
Earth's crust
Groundwater
Runoff
46%
16. Continental tropical (dry - warm air)
Cirrus clouds
- cT
Asteroids
Earthquakes - volcanic activity - mountain - building - and oceanic trench formation
17. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Clastic
Extrusive
Altostratus clouds
18. Rising air currents take the vapor up into the atmopshere where cooler temperatures cause it to condense into ____
Metamorphic rocks
clouds
Differential heating
- cT
19. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years
El Nino and La Nina
El Nino
Semidiurnal or diurnal
10000
20. Occur when two plates push together - Such faults are strong and relatively deep - Where the strongest earthquakes occur Example: mountain building in the Himalayas and the Andes
Ways magma can form
Convergent plate movements
Spring tide
Mineral color
21. Solar Atmosphere is divided into the inner chromosphere with explosive prominences and the outer corona - a glowing halo visible only during a total eclipse - Constantly emitting particles as a...
Troposhere
Solar wind
freshwater
Gravity and inertia
22. Deviates by an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees - Thus - at any given time during summer or winter - one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the sun - This exposure alternates as the earth revolves in its orbit
The Gulf - Stream
Axis tilt
- mT
percolation
23. The movement (carrying away or displacement) of solids (sediment - soil - rock - and other particles) - usually by the agents of currents such as wind - water - or ice by downward or down - slope movement in response to gravity
46%
Evapotranspiration
Erosion
Minerals
24. Largest zone of the planet (68%); crystalline silicates - rich in magnesium - calcium - and iron; very hot and mainly solid - but local melting to magma is the source of volcanic eruptions
The earth's structure
Major oceans
Mantle
The rock cycle
25. 186000 miles/second
Speed of light
Latitude
groundwater discharge
Law of superposition
26. Tides may be...
Time zone
Semidiurnal or diurnal
Canopy interception
Mohs' scale of hardness
27. When the moon is at first quarter or third quarter - the sun - earth and moon form a 90- degree (right) angle with the earth at the vertex - The combined effect of this alignment of the sun - earth - and moon results in tidal ranges on the earth - Wh
Nuclear fusion
Ice Age
groundwater discharge
Neap tide/neaps
28. Refers to the long - term weather patterns of a large geographical area and takes into account temperature - humidity - and precipitation
Climate
Crust
Evaporation
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
29. The atmosphere is a __________ - and so small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole - This makes it difficult to accurately predict weather more than a few days in advance
Weight and mass
Chaotic system
Subsurface flow
Scratch test
30. Affected by factors such as weathering and impurities
Sunspots
Mineral color
percolation
Mountain
31. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate
Lunar eclipse
15
Block mountains or fold mountains
Metamorphic rocks
32. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away
Semidiurnal
World/global ocean
Andromeda galaxy
precipitation
33. Distance to closest stars can be calculated by measuring the _________ - a slight shift in apparent position against the background of more distant stars as the earth travels around the sun
clouds
Parallax
Surface temperature
Tropical air
34. Bbreaking along flat surfaces
snow
Surface ocean temperature
Cleavage
Limestone
35. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5
El Nino and La Nina
The earth's structure
Igneous rocks
Subsurface flow
36. Takes approx. seven and a half earth months to revolve around the sun - Takes approx. eight earth months to rotate on its axis - a day on ________ is longer than a year
Comet
Venus
The rock cycle
snow
37. Defined by geometrically subdividing the earth's spheroid into 24 lunes (wedge - shaped sections) - bordered by meridians - each 15
Evapotranspiration
percolation
Standard time zones
Full moon
38. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
Lunar eclipse
Volcano
3/4
39. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow
Altostratus clouds
Earth's crust
Solar radiation
Sun's gravity
40. Erosion in many places is increased by human land use - Poor land - use practices include deforestation - overgrazing - unmanaged construction activity - and road building
New moon
Erosion and land use
freshwater springs
Evaporation
41. Giant masses of solid rock that float upon the earth's mantle - These plates move in relation to one another at one of three types of plate boundaries...
Neap tide/neaps
Long linear arcs
Precipitation
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
42. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)
larger planet
3/4
Troposhere
Canopy interception
43. Some infiltration stays close to the land surface and can seep back into surface - water bodies (and the ocean) as...
Pacific Ring of Fire
groundwater discharge
Solar wind
Limestone
44. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes
Percolation
Geology
Limestone
Crust
45. Forms over the Tropics and is warm
Tectonic plates
Erosion and land use
Moon
Tropical air
46. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)
Sublimation
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Types of galaxies
Deserts
47. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted
Coral reef
Mantle plumes
Types of galaxies
Runoff
48. The process of chemical or physical breakdown of earth rocks - soils - and their minerals
Weathering
Long - period comets
Rocky planets and moons
Subsurface flow
49. Some isolated mountains were produced by volcanoes - including many apparently ________ that reach a great height above the ocean floor
15
Small islands
Scratch test
Cumulonibus clouds
50. The result of the buildup of once - living things
Coral reef
Condensation
Sun and oceans' affect on weather
The big bang theory of cosmology
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