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CSET Earth

Subjects : cset, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The state change where a solid (ice or snow) changes directly to a gas (water vapor)






2. Around a new or full moon - when the sun - moon - and the earth form a line - the tidal forces due to the sun reinforce those of the moon - The tide's range is at a maximum and is called a spring tide (spring as in 'to jump/leap -' not the season)






3. Sun heats water in the oceans - Water evaporates as vapor into the air - Ice and snow can sublimate directly into water vapor...- Over time - the water reenters the ocean - where the water cycle started






4. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the __________ (the lower part of the atmosphere)






5. Water returns to the land surface at __________ than where it entered - under the force of gravity or gravity - induced pressures






6. Sedimentary rocks containing large fragments of other rock material - e.g. Sandstone






7. Defined by geometrically subdividing the earth's spheroid into 24 lunes (wedge - shaped sections) - bordered by meridians - each 15






8. Occurs at the instant when the sun's position in the sky is at its greatest angular distance on the other side of the equatorial plane from the observer's hemisphere - Depending on the shift of the calendar - the winter solstice occurs some time betw






9. Cause pressure differences - A hot surface heats the air above it and the air expands - lowering the air pressure and its density






10. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth






11. Gas giants Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus and Neptune have diameters far larger than Earth's and have far greater masses






12. 1 hour of time






13. Form when magma or lava cools and solidifies - Depending on the rate of cooling - can contain visible crystals - while others can appear glassy






14. Occur along plate boundaries






15. Temperature - pressure - and composition






16. The breakdown of rocks - soils and minerals through atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals (also known as biological weathering)






17. Mountains blocking the path of precipitation to the desert






18. A natural flow of water - usually freshwater - traveling toward an ocean - a lake - or another stream






19. The outermost part of the earth's interior is made up of two layers...






20. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the






21. Characterized by similar temperatures and moisture levels






22. Under solar conditions - gases are undergoing _____ to heavier elements with the increase of prodigious quantities of energy






23. Form when dissolved mineral solutions crystalize out of lakes and oceans






24. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...

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25. Some groundwater finds openings in the land surface and emerges as...






26. The earth is believed to be about ___ billion years old






27. Generally forms deep in the mantle as one type of rock changes into another - Due to intense pressure - can show signs of bending and distortion - Examples: schist - marble - gneiss - and slate






28. The major mountains tend to occur in __________ - indicating tectonic plate boundaries and activity






29. 186000 miles/second






30. How much matter is in the object






31. Volcanoes are also found in __________ - where the denser oceanic plates are forced under continental plates; this adds massive volumes of water to the mantle - allowing magma to melt more readily and rise to the surface to form volcanoes






32. Method of using the present to interpret the past - Processes occurring today are observed carefully and their effects are measured - Then - geologists assume that similar effects in ancient rocks were caused by processes similar to those of the pres






33. The evaporation of these oceans is how we get most of our __________ - and their temperature determines our climate and wind patterns






34. Spiral - elliptical - and irregular form are speckled throughout the visible universe - Largest telescope has detected galaxies to its limit of several billion light - years






35. Occur twice a year - when the tilt of the earth's axis is oriented neither from nor to the sun - causing the sun to be located vertically above a point on the equator - The name derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox (night) - because at the e






36. Large - scale movements of the earth's lithosphere - - The theory encompasses the older concepts of continental drift (first half of 20th century) and seafloor spreading (1960s)






37. This upslope wind is called a...






38. Occur when two plates slip past each other - Such faults are generally moderate and are relatively shallow Example: The San Andreas Fault






39. Piled in waves and indicate rain or snow






40. Two types of mountains are formed - depending on how the rock reacts to the tectonic forces






41. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths






42. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away






43. The source of energy for evaporation is primarily through ___________






44. The tidal force produced by the sun is ____ as large as that produced by the moon






45. Some infiltration stays close to the land surface and can seep back into surface - water bodies (and the ocean) as...






46. Featherlike clouds that indicate fair weather






47. Formed by sodium chloride






48. Tides may be...






49. The spectra of distant objects display a red shift - which is interpreted as meaning that they are rapidly receding from us - This apparent expansion of the universe has given rise to the big bang theory of cosmology - in which one primeval mass expl






50. One tidal cycle per day







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