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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Earth
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Water transpired from plants and evaporated from the soil
Evapotranspiration
Petroleum exploration
Clastic
Troposhere
2. Pulls the planets toward the sun - while their inertia keeps them moving forward in an elliptical orbit around the sun
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3. This upslope wind is called a...
Chaotic system
Valley breeze
Long - period comets
- cT
4. Center: 3000
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5. Forms south of the Arctic and is cold
Seasonal weather differences between hemispheres
Polar air
The rock cycle
Density
6. A small Solar System body that orbits the Sun - When close enough to the sun - exhibits a visible coma (atmosphere) or a tail - both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus - Have a variety of different orbital periods
Opposite seasons
World/global ocean
Estuary
Comet
7. Not all runoff flows into rivers; much of it infiltrates into the ground through...
The equator
Sublimation
Sedimentary rocks
percolation
8. Two high waters and two low waters each day - in most locations - tides are semidiurnal
Gravity and inertia
larger planet
Semidiurnal
Maritime air
9. One tidal cycle per day
Neap tide/neaps
moisture
Diurnal
Limestone
10. Igneous rock that cools beneath the earth's surface - Examples: plutons - dikes - and batholiths
Maritime air
Latitude
Lunar eclipse
Intrusive
11. The motive force behind land breezes and sea/lake breezes - also known as on - or off - shore winds - Land absorbs and radiates heat faster than water - but water releases heat over a longer period of time
Opposite seasons
Differential heating
Continental air
El Nino
12. Continental tropical (dry - warm air)
Winter solstice
- cT
Snow packs
Andromeda galaxy
13. The science of the atmosphere and weather
Mechanical/physical weathering
The distinction between asteroids and comets
Major oceans
Meteorology
14. Travels around the earth each month - - Distance from the earth averages 237000 miles - Has rugged topography formed billions of years ago by volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts - Mass is 1/6th that of Earth
Moon
precipitation
Snowmelt
Solar wind
15. Around a new or full moon - when the sun - moon - and the earth form a line - the tidal forces due to the sun reinforce those of the moon - The tide's range is at a maximum and is called a spring tide (spring as in 'to jump/leap -' not the season)
Spring tide
Planets
Asteroids
jet stream
16. Result from the earth's axis being tilted to its orbital plane - NOT the result of the variation in the earth's distance to the sun (Because of its elliptical orbit - the earth as a whole is slightly warmer when away from the sun; this is because the
Seasons
The earth's structure
Eclipses
Maritime air
17. Divided into two main types: large - low- density gas giants and smaller - rocky terrestrials - There are at least 341 identified _______ - 8 of which are in the Solar System
Solar System
Planets
Lunar eclipse
Stratus clouds
18. Composed of the fragments of other types of rocks - Cover 75 to 80% of the earth's land area - Often deposited in distinct parallel layers - Weather and erosion break down other rock types into sediments - Over time - the sediments become cemented an
Eclipses
Sedimentary rocks
3/4
Stratus clouds
19. Forms over the Tropics and is warm
The most abundant minerals in the crust
Tropical air
jet stream
29.5
20. Improved land - use practices can limit erosion by using techniques such as...
Sublimation
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Diurnal
Rainfall
21. Seasons are marked by changes in the amount of sunlight - which in turn often cause cycles of dormancy in plants and hibernation in animals - These effects vary with latitude and with proximity to bodies of water
Mechanical/physical weathering
Semidiurnal
Subduction zones
Seasons in the temperate and polar regions
22. An opening - or rupture - in a planet's surface or crust - which allows hot molten rock - ash - and gases to escape from below the surface - Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a p
Erosion
Long - period comets
Volcano
Troposhere
23. Human civilization has lasted only _____ years
Sun
10000
Latitude
Igneous rocks
24. The layers of sediment deposited in a quiet environment - Common sites of deposition are lakes - deltas at the mouths of rivers - beaches and sandbars along the coast - and (most important) the marine environment
Full moon
Strata
Galactic center
Tectonic plates
25. Method of using the present to interpret the past - Processes occurring today are observed carefully and their effects are measured - Then - geologists assume that similar effects in ancient rocks were caused by processes similar to those of the pres
Convergent/collision boundaries - divergent/spreading boundaries - and transform boundaries
Examples to support Continental drift theory
Uniformitarianism
Inertia
26. A huge ball of incandescent gases - Its mass is more than 300000 times that of the earth - Principal constituents are the lightest elements - hydrogen and helium
Sun
Scratch test
Time zone
Chemical sedimentary rocks
27. The variety of ways by which water moves across the land - This includes both surface runoff and channel runoff - As it flows - the water may percolate into the ground - evaporate into the air - become stored in lakes or reservoirs - or be extracted
Why weather occurs
Deserts
Solar System
Runoff
28. Smooth layers of low clouds that indicate a chance of drizzle or snow
Stratus clouds
Transpiration
Weathering
Lunar eclipse
29. A major determiner of coastal climate
50-100
- mT
Earth's crust
Surface ocean temperature
30. Texture is important in classifying ______ sedimentary rocks
Clastic
Continental drift
Types of galaxies
Subduction zones
31. The farther from the tropics you are positioned - the ________ the angle of the sun - This causes those locations to be cooler due to the indirect sunlight
Short - period comets
Intrusive
Rock salt
lower
32. Nearest galaxy - about 20 million light - years away
Chaotic system
Small islands
Andromeda galaxy
Lithosphere and the asthenosphere
33. Used to arrange strata in a standard order - Used to measure the amount of radioactive decay in minerals and calculate the time at which the rock formed
10000
The geological time scale
Soil
Weather phenomena on earth
34. Formed from calcium carbonate - also an example of chemical sedimentary rocks - like roock salt - can contain organic or once - living matter and can record the history of that matter's formation in features such as strata - fossil evidence - and rip
The equator
Ice Age
Hydrologic concepts
Limestone
35. Volcanoes can be caused by '____________'; these so - called hotspots - as in Hawaii - can occur far from plate boundaries
Terrace building - conservation tillage practices - and tree planting
Cumulonibus clouds
Mantle plumes
World/global ocean
36. Cirrus - Stratus - Cumulonimbus - Altostratus
California coast
Types of clouds
Photosphere
Sedimentation
37. Temperature - pressure - and composition
Ways magma can form
moisture
Coral reef
El Nino and La Nina
38. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the...
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39. A land form that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area - with a peak - Usually produced by the movement of lithospheric plates
Mountain
The equator
jet stream
The rock cycle
40. Believed to originate at a much greater distance from the Sun - in a cloud (the Oort cloud) consisting of debris left over from the condensation of solar nebula - Comets are thrown from the outer planets or nearby stars - or as a result of collisions
Snow packs
Groundwater
Long - period comets
Latitude
41. Maritime polar (wet - cold air)
Petroleum exploration
Solar eclipse
- mP
Smaller regions of the oceans
42. The result of the buildup of once - living things
Geology
Coral reef
Cumulonibus clouds
Eclipses
43. The lateral movement of the plates is typically at speeds of ___ mm annually
50-100
Longitude
Rain shadow
Semidiurnal or diurnal
44. Officially defined as sustained sea surface temperature anomalies of magnitude greater than 0.5
El Nino and La Nina
Axis tilt
The equator
moisture
45. Less than 1% of the earth; this relatively thin zone (5 to 25 miles) contains the only rocks we can study - even in the deepest mines or drill holes
Seasons
Distance
Crust
snow
46. Oceans cover __ of the earth's surface
- cT
Density
Rocky planets and moons
3/4
47. Test the item against materials of known hardness; for example - use your fingernail or the graphite in a pencil to attempt to scratch the items. This process should result in assigning a relative hardness to the unknown items.
Crust
Differential heating
Weight and mass
Scratch test
48. The atmosphere is a __________ - and so small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole - This makes it difficult to accurately predict weather more than a few days in advance
Extrusive
Winter solstice
Chaotic system
Pacific Ring of Fire
49. Takes approx. seven and a half earth months to revolve around the sun - Takes approx. eight earth months to rotate on its axis - a day on ________ is longer than a year
Distance
Continental drift
Venus
Igneous rocks
50. Hotspot volcanoes are also found elsewhere in the Solar System - especially on...
Latitude
Moon
Rocky planets and moons
Sun's gravity