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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Genetics And Evolution
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
,
genetics
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Organisms with similar functions - but different underlying structure. Example: bird and insect wing. These structures do NOT show a common ancestral link.
Analogous Features
Rosalind Franklin
Analogous structures
Speciation
2. The structure on a tRNA molecule that allows it interact with an mRNA molecule
analogous (Evolution Evidence)
Chargaff
Genetic Equilibrium
anticodon
3. A taxon originating from and including a single common ancestor
ribose - phosphate - and a base
Monophyletic
Niche
Duplication
4. The evolutionary process by which a species becomes better suited to its niche.
Adaptation
Rosalind Franklin
its negative charge
Phenotype
5. Evolution resulting from small specific genetic changes that can lead to a new subspecies
Mendel's traits are now called _____ found on DNA
Microevolution
homologous (Evolution Evidence)
Substitution
6. Cross where you cross unknown genotype with a recessive
Natural Selection
Phyletic Gradualism (anagenesis)
mRNA
Test Cross
7. Shows how the embryos of different groups resemble each other at particular stages. Similarities indicate groups may share a common ancestor
False genes
genes
RNA polymerase
Comparative embryology
8. Chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual. These are X for female and Y for male. The female egg is an X while the male sperm can be X or Y
Parallel Evolution
Sex Chromosomes
Thymine
Endemic
9. The adaptive increase in pigmentation as a result of human - induced pollutants
Industrial Melanism
deoxyribose and phosphate
Gene
Igneous and metamorphic rock
10. The preserved remains or traces of an organism that lived in the past
molecular evidence
Microevolution
Fossil
Population
11. It is the time from when the Earth formed and simple life - forms evolved (and it is the longest era)
DNA
Precambrian era
Stabilising selection
Sedimentary Rock
12. Evolution of living things - based on evidence from the past and present.
Organic Evolution
False genes
Phyletic Gradualism (anagenesis)
Clade
13. The complete genetic material contained in an individual
Homologous structures
Recessive
Temporal Isolation
Genome
14. When zygote does not complete development or is physically weaker than normal
Crossing over
Mendel's Principle of Segregation
Hybrid Inviability
Disruptive Selection
15. A geographic gradient in the extent to which a character is developed in a species
clinC
Sedimentary Rock
Autosomes
Medel worked with _____
16. Populations that can interbreed with neighboring populations but not with populations separated by larger geographical distances
Phenotype
Extinction
Natural Selection
Ring Species
17. Transfer RNA; type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome
Mesozoic era
tRNA
Absolute dating
embryological evidence
18. Middle life (245-144 million years ago); rise of mammals and dinosaurs; the rise of birds; extinction of dinosaurs - rise of flowering plants
Mesozoic era
False genes
Species
DNA fingerprint
19. Hybrid is sterile so biologically unfit
Genetic Equilibrium
Sequential Evolution
Balanced Polymorphism
Hybrid Infertility
20. Organisms with a similar underlying structure - but different function. Example: bird - bat and dolphin 'arm'. Shows a common ancestral link.
true
Homologous structures
Substitution
Comparative Embryology
21. Determined the complete double helical structure of DNA
watson and crick
False RNA
Testcross
restriction enzyme
22. Gradual evolution within a lineage
Nucleotide
Sequential Evolution
cytoplasm
Pentadactyl limb
23. Copying the code from DNA onto mRNA
transcription
Homozygous
Allele
Bottle neck effect
24. Relatively rapid proliferation from an ancestral type into new types which fill a diversity of ecological niches
Microevolution
Adaptive Radiation
index fossil
Selection pressure
25. Recognize and cut DNA at specific sequences usually palindromes
restriction enzyme
Variation
trace fossils
Adaptive Radiation
26. Three mRNA nucleotides that code for a specific amino acid
codon
Incomplete Dominance
Macroevolution
Selection
27. Two alternative forms of a gene e.g Tall vs Short
Sub - species
Alleles
its negative charge
Mendel's Principle of Segregation
28. Building block of a nucleic acid (DNA and RNA)
amino acids
nucleotide
Dihybrid
Sub - species
29. Is the genetic makeup of an organism (TT or Tt) ; All the combinations of genes you have for a certain trait.
Allopatric Speciation
Genotype
Hominid
Chargaff
30. A change in the base sequence of DNA; the ultimate source of new alleles
Double Helix
Allele Frequency
Dihybrid Cross
Mutation
31. The backbone of DNA consist of...
Allopatric Speciation
Population
deoxyribose and phosphate
Gametic
32. Physical characteristics of an organism based on its genotype. e.g. Plant that has a genotype of TT will have a phenotype of Tall.
ribose - phosphate - and a base
Phenotype
Fossil
Mitosis
33. How many codons are needed to specify three amino acids
three
Industrial Melanism
Duplication
Insertion
34. One of the types of fossils made from hardened tree resin. Preserves both hard and soft parts.
Microevolution
Amber
Adaptation
Punctuated Equilibrium
35. Is a sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait. This is because the sequence of bases code for certain proteins.
Gene
Isolating Mechanism
NIche Isolation
Semi - conservative replication
36. The offspring of a cross between two inbred lines within a single species. May also refer to the offspring of across between two species
Clade
Hybrid
Mechanical (morphological) Isolation
Selection
37. The comparison of the structures of different organisms
Comparative anatomy
Population
Translocation
Bottle neck effect
38. Mating of 2 oism that differ in 2 characters
Sub - species
Stasis
Common Ancestor
Dihybrid Cross
39. Trait where heterozygous is a blending of two alleles
Genotype
Rosalind Franklin
Homologous structures
Ecological (habitat) Isolation
40. Disappearance of a species from all parts of its geographical range
transcription
Extinction
Organic Evolution
Geographical Isolation
41. Evolution of superficial phenotypic similarity of form as a result of similar selection pressures
homologous (Evolution Evidence)
Crossing over
Convergent Evolution
genes
42. Mating of an individual of unknown genotype but dominant phenotype w/ a homozygous recessive individual
Duplication
Testcross
transcription
Population
43. Is the evolutionary process whereby a population becomes better suited to its habitat
Adaptation
Chromatid
ribose - phosphate - and a base
Character Displacement
44. Reciprocal evolution in two species as a result of the selection pressure each imposes upon the other
Post -zygotic Mechanisms
Coevolution
clinC
Deletion
45. A point of overlap of paired chromatids at which fusion and exchange of genetic material (crossing over) occurs during prophase I of meiosis.
Temporal Isolation
Chiasma
anticodon
Vestigial organs
46. Is any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome.
Gene
Autosomes
Hybrid Breakdown
Species
47. Similar DNA sequences or protein structures (such as hemoglobin) may link different species to a similar ancestor.
DNA fingerprint
Sympatric Speciation
molecular evidence
watson and crick
48. Threadlike structure within the nucleus containing the genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next
Chromosomes
Microevolution
tRNA
Stabilising selection
49. Condition in which an organism has extra sets of chromosomes
Polyploidy
Monohybrid
Genetic Equilibrium
deoxyribonucleic acid
50. shape of a DNA molecule formed when two twisted DNA strands are coiled into a springlike structure and held together by hydrogen bonds between the bases.
deoxyribonucleic acid
Cast
Double Helix
Extinction