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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An episode of large - scale extinction affecting many different groups of organisms within a short period of time






2. Term used to refer to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait. e.g TT is the homozygous genotype for Tall.






3. During transcription an RNA molecule is formed






4. Trait evolves overtime; NO common ancestry






5. DNA is made of...






6. Is a trait that is more expressed than another trait. Is written in capital letters for Genotype. E.g Tall genotype is TT or Tt where T is the allele for tall trait and t is the trait for small. T will be expressed more.






7. Change in a DNA sequence that affects genetic information






8. Synonym for protein; chain of amino acids






9. A type of natural selection in which genetic diversity decreases as the population stabilises on a particular trait value






10. These prevent fertilization between species e.g. diff breeding season - mating behaviour






11. An equilibrium in the occurence of two or more different froms within the same population usually caused by different allele combiinations of a gene






12. Any preserved remains of an organism from the past. Usually found in sedimentary rock.






13. A distinct population of a species that varies from other populations of the same species.






14. Group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring






15. Populations that can interbreed with neighboring populations but not with populations separated by larger geographical distances






16. Determined the complete double helical structure of DNA






17. A genetic crosses that involve one trait. e.g TT plant crossed with tt plant has offspring who are heterozygous Tt.






18. The inherited characteristic often masked by the dominant characteristic and not seen in an organism. e.g. Tt plant will still be tall. Where T is the dominant trait for tall and t is the recessive trait for small.






19. The individuals choice of which mate they will choose. The choice is dependant on what traits the individual finds attractive. e.g some people will want their mates to be smart or pretty.






20. Is the genetic makeup of an organism (TT or Tt) ; All the combinations of genes you have for a certain trait.






21. A geographic gradient in the extent to which a character is developed in a species






22. Trait where heterozygous is a blending of two alleles






23. Evolution of living things - based on evidence from the past and present.






24. Any indirect evidence of life preserved as an impression in rock; trails - footprints - tracks - burrows - and bite marks






25. The banding pattern of a persons DNA after being cut and run on gel is called






26. Type of sympatric speciation that occurs when a new species is formed because of a change in microhabitats






27. A process where the organisms that have traits that aid in its survival (adaptive traits) will reproduce to pass that trait to futher generations thus increasing the frequency of that trait in the population. Vice versa traits that reduce the chance






28. Form of reproductive isolation in which two populations reproduce at different times






29. Form of reproductive isolation in which structural differences in the anatomy of reproductive organs prevent sperm transfer between individuals of different species






30. The specific location of a gene on a chromosome






31. Earth's history organized into four eras: Precambrian - Paleozoic - Mesozoic - and Cenozoic






32. Hybrid is sterile so biologically unfit






33. A population partially isolated from other populations of the same species






34. What happens during the process of translation






35. Three mRNA nucleotides that code for a specific amino acid






36. Chromosomes are collections of many






37. A change in the base sequence of a gene






38. The evolutionary process by which a species becomes better suited to its niche.






39. Is a base found in DNA and RNA. Cytosine pairs with Guanine in DNA






40. Organisms with similar functions - but different underlying structure. Example: bird and insect wing. These structures do NOT show a common ancestral link.






41. Two alternative forms of a gene e.g Tall vs Short






42. Process by which a ribosome uses the code on mRNA to make proteins






43. Recognize and cut DNA at specific sequences usually palindromes






44. An evolutionary 'branch' and its daughter 'twigs'






45. Evolution of the earth - which is hypothesized to have been formed over 4.6 billion years ago.






46. Is a sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait. This is because the sequence of bases code for certain proteins.






47. Process in which DNA is duplicated






48. The reduction of a population - typically by a natural disaster - such that the surviving population is no longer genetically representative of the original population.






49. What does DNA stand for...






50. Heteros have a phenotype tintertmediate b/t phenotypes of the 2 homoz