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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area






2. A unique combination of traits that are passed down from one generation to another.






3. Of a cell or organism having two sets of homologous chromosomes or twice the haploid number






4. Change to a chromosome in which part of the chromosome is repeated






5. The adaptive increase in pigmentation as a result of human - induced pollutants






6. The study of the structures of different organisms - looking at homologous parts






7. Building block of a nucleic acid (DNA and RNA)






8. Cross where you cross unknown genotype with a recessive






9. Are noncoding sequences in the gene that are removed from RNA after transcription






10. Ribosomal RNA; type of RNA that makes up part of the ribosome






11. Era of recent life that began about 66 million years ago and continues today; includes the first appearance Hominids






12. Organ that serves no useful function in an organism






13. Human - like species that existed millions of years ago as witnessed through fossil evidence.






14. Form of reproductive isolation in which structural differences in the anatomy of reproductive organs prevent sperm transfer between individuals of different species






15. Is a base found in DNA and RNA. In DNA its partner is Thymine. In RNA its partner is Uracil






16. Individual that is heterozygous for two traits; shows the phenotype governed by the dominant alleles but carries the recessive alleles






17. The comparison of the structures of different organisms






18. A point of overlap of paired chromatids at which fusion and exchange of genetic material (crossing over) occurs during prophase I of meiosis.






19. When a few individuals become isolated from a larger population - this smaller group may establish a new population whose gene pool is different from their source population.






20. Pea plants






21. Uses metamorphic or igneous rock - calculates the age of an object by assessing the amount of radioactive element still present in the organism. Radioactive elements are slowly lost over time because of decay.






22. process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis.






23. Embryos of similar organisms have very similar early development indicating similar DNA at work






24. Situation in which allele frequencies remain constant






25. Is found in DNA






26. Natural disaster eliminates most of the population - members left contribute the alleles for the new population.






27. Visual expression of a trait






28. A change in the base sequence of DNA; the ultimate source of new alleles






29. Selection for the ability to obtain a mate






30. In the event of a sperm fertilizing an egg of another species - mechanisms that prevent result being fruitful






31. How often a particular gene occurs in the population






32. Mutation where an extra base is added






33. When zygote does not complete development or is physically weaker than normal






34. A process where the organisms that have traits that aid in its survival (adaptive traits) will reproduce to pass that trait to futher generations thus increasing the frequency of that trait in the population. Vice versa traits that reduce the chance






35. Two alternative forms of a gene e.g Tall vs Short






36. Proteins are made of...






37. Gradual evolution within a lineage






38. When competition causes two closely related species to become more different in regions where their ranges overlap






39. A base found in DNA (but not in RNA). This base pairs with Adenine.






40. A type of natural selection in which genetic diversity decreases as the population stabilises on a particular trait value






41. All the factors in an organism's surroundings that can potentially affect it






42. Types of rocks formed after exposure to very high heat. Because of the high temperatures - fossils are not able to be recovered from these types of rocks. Absolute or radioactive dating is possible - however.






43. When F1 is fully fertile but F2 has low fertility (rice - cotton)






44. The signal on a mRNA molecule that designates the end of the coding sequence is called the...






45. The number of times an allele appears in a population






46. Organisms with similar functions - but different underlying structure. Example: bird and insect wing. These structures do NOT show a common ancestral link.






47. Large - scale evolutionary changes that take place over long periods of time






48. Describes the isolation of a physical barrier e.g. body of water (ocean) or mountains






49. Process by which an organism is slowly turned to stone as the body is replaced by minerals.






50. Determined the concept of complementary base pairing