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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A copy of a gene is made during a process called this






2. An organism that has characteristics resulting from chromosomal alteration. This is a result of crossing over of the chromosomes during Meiosis - mutations and random segregation.






3. The structure on a tRNA molecule that allows it interact with an mRNA molecule






4. Selection against one end of a range of variation - resulting in a progressive change in allele frequency






5. Organisms with similar functions - but different underlying structure. Example: bird and insect wing. These structures do NOT show a common ancestral link.






6. Separates DNA by size






7. Similar embryological structures in different species - such as gill slits - may demonstrate that these species share a common ancestor.






8. Describes a cell - nucleus - or organism that has only one set of unpaired chromosomes






9. The individuals choice of which mate they will choose. The choice is dependant on what traits the individual finds attractive. e.g some people will want their mates to be smart or pretty.






10. Movement of alleles into or out of a population due to the migration of individuals to or from the population






11. To create a recombinant DNA molecule - one would have to first cut two DNAs with creating before pasting them together






12. Cell division that produces reproductive cells or gamates.This occurs in the gonads (testicle and ovaries in animals) Here the chromosome number is halved the original amount. (each new cell has a haploid number = n) All daughter cells are not geneti






13. Change in allele frequencies as a result of the migration of a small subgroup of a population






14. Transfer RNA; type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome






15. Independent segregation of genes during the formation of gametes






16. Speciation which does not involve a period of geographical separation






17. The molecules responsible for bringing amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis are






18. Because of base pairing in DNA the amount of






19. A point of overlap of paired chromatids at which fusion and exchange of genetic material (crossing over) occurs during prophase I of meiosis.






20. Evolution of superficial phenotypic similarity of form as a result of similar selection pressures






21. Threadlike structure within the nucleus containing the genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next






22. Selection acting against the extremes of a range of variation - resulting in resistance to change in allele frequencies






23. Cross where you cross unknown genotype with a recessive






24. Chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual. These are X for female and Y for male. The female egg is an X while the male sperm can be X or Y






25. Group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring






26. Three mRNA nucleotides that code for a specific amino acid






27. A model for the evolution of different froms over a long period of time but with only slight chchanges occring between successive generations






28. A group of organisms whose members are sufficiently alike to be able to reproduce and produce fertile offspring and who are unable to reproduce with other such groups






29. DNA is made of...






30. Evolution of living things - based on evidence from the past and present.






31. Closely related species occupying different habitats - niches preventing them from interbreeding






32. It means chromosomes are paired. One of each chromosome in a pair originates from the father and one from the mother. They affect the same trait - but don't necessarily cause the same expression of the trait.






33. Evolution of the earth - which is hypothesized to have been formed over 4.6 billion years ago.






34. Visual expression of a trait






35. You mate the unknown genotype with an organism showing the recessive trait. If any of the offspring show the recessive trait - the original unknown parent was heterozygous. If no recessive trats show up - the original parent was homozygous.






36. Mutation where an extra base is added






37. Any preserved remains of an organism from the past. Usually found in sedimentary rock.






38. Translation occurs in the...






39. Geologic period that followed the Precambrian;means 'ancient life' - early life (570-286 million years ago); single cell organisms - shells - mollusks - rise of first vertebrates - rise of land plants - amphibians - insects - seed plants - and trees






40. Organ no longer serves a function






41. The evolutionary process by which a species becomes better suited to its niche.






42. Term used to refer to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait. e.g TT is the homozygous genotype for Tall.






43. An ancestor that two or more descendants have in common






44. Is a base found in DNA and RNA. In DNA its partner is Thymine. In RNA its partner is Uracil






45. When a few individuals become isolated from a larger population - this smaller group may establish a new population whose gene pool is different from their source population.






46. Science dealing with DNA and protein synthesis of living organisms. Manipulation of DNA.






47. 2 alleles for a character separate during the formation of gametes - so that each gamete only carriers one allele for each character

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48. Which structure contains anticodons






49. A DNA strand that has the bases CTAATGT forms a complete complementary double helix with






50. The number of times an allele appears in a population