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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Genetics And Evolution
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Subjects
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cset
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science
,
genetics
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Type of rock made from small pieces of other rocks and organisms pressed together. Source of fossil preservation. Limited radioactive or absolute dating potential.
its negative charge
Mitosis
Founder Effect
Sedimentary Rock
2. Term used to refer to an organism that has two different alleles for the same trait. e.g Tt is the heterozygous genotype for Tall.
Analogous Features
Cenozoic era
False RNA
Heterozygous
3. Are noncoding sequences in the gene that are removed from RNA after transcription
Monophyletic
anticodon
Heterozygous
introns
4. Process in which DNA is duplicated
Species
Deme
replication
Comparative anatomy
5. One of the identical rods of a chromosome.
Variation
mutation
Mechanical (morphological) Isolation
Chromatid
6. Gene
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7. What is one benefit for having two strands of DNA?
Thymine
If you lose one then you will still have one to back you up.
Founder Effect
restriction enzyme
8. How often a form of a gene appears in a gene pool
Homologous structures
Codon
Allele Frequency
Gene Pool
9. A base found in DNA (but not in RNA). This base pairs with Adenine.
Thymine
Founder effect
mRNA
Sedimentary Rock
10. The capacity of an individual of certain genotype to reproduce. It is usually equal to the proportion of the individual's genes in all the genes of the next generation
Guanine
Medel worked with _____
tRNA
Fitness
11. A copy of a gene is made during a process called this
Hybrid Inviability
genes
Coevolution
transcription
12. An episode of large - scale extinction affecting many different groups of organisms within a short period of time
Mass Extinction
Vestigial organs
Fossils
Founder Effect
13. Change in allele frequencies as a result of the migration of a small subgroup of a population
gel electrophoresis
Hybrid Infertility
Founder Effect
Gene mutation
14. Mutation where an extra base is added
Adaptive Radiation
nucleus
Insertion
GATTACA
15. A population partially isolated from other populations of the same species
Somatic
Deme
Punnett Square
Hershey and Chase
16. Threadlike structure within the nucleus containing the genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next
Deme
Amber
Population
Chromosomes
17. Evolutionary process in which a species or related species folllow different evolutionary paths to eventually become less related
Divergent Evolution
Ecological Barrier
Stasis
Cytosine
18. Pea plants
Medel worked with _____
Organic Evolution
stop codon
Substitution
19. Is a trait that is more expressed than another trait. Is written in capital letters for Genotype. E.g Tall genotype is TT or Tt where T is the allele for tall trait and t is the trait for small. T will be expressed more.
three
Directional Selection
Dominant
Centromere
20. The molecules responsible for bringing amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis are
stop codon
Thymine
tRNA
Punctuated Equilibrium
21. Of a cell or organism having two sets of homologous chromosomes or twice the haploid number
Hominid
Mass Extinction
Diploid
nucleotides
22. You mate the unknown genotype with an organism showing the recessive trait. If any of the offspring show the recessive trait - the original unknown parent was heterozygous. If no recessive trats show up - the original parent was homozygous.
Test Cross
Phenotype
Mold
Ecological (habitat) Isolation
23. Features of different species tat are similar in function but not necessarily in structure and in which the similarity is not the result of common ancestry
Sympatric Speciation
RNA polymerase
Analogous Structures (analogies)
Mendel's traits are now called _____ found on DNA
24. The preserved remains or traces of an organism that lived in the past
Phylogeny
Fossil
cytoplasm
Dihybrid Cross
25. Impression made from a organism in soft material such as sand or mud.
Mesozoic era
Ice
Vestigial organs
Mold
26. A trait that masks the expression of another trait
Fossil
Population
Dominant
Haploid/Monoploid
27. The individuals choice of which mate they will choose. The choice is dependant on what traits the individual finds attractive. e.g some people will want their mates to be smart or pretty.
Founder Effect
translation
Phylogeny
Mate Selection
28. A process where the organisms that have traits that aid in its survival (adaptive traits) will reproduce to pass that trait to futher generations thus increasing the frequency of that trait in the population. Vice versa traits that reduce the chance
Gene mutation
Comparative anatomy
Natural Selection
three
29. Another term for pure breeding
Homozygous
gel electrophoresis
Centromere
Molecular biology
30. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of one chromosome attaches to a nonhomologous chromosome
False RNA
Translocation
Homozygous
Ice
31. Is any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome.
Autosomes
Divergent Evolution
Test Cross
The cell uses information from mRNA to produce proteins
32. Process by which individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully; also called survival of the fittest
Natural Selection
Heritable variation
Monohybrid
Testcross
33. Form of reproductive isolation in which two populations reproduce at different times
Speciation
Divergent Evolution
Variation
Temporal Isolation
34. The type of environment in which an organism or group normally lives or occurs
Immigration
Habitat
Alleles
Fitness
35. T or F If a nucleic acid contain uracil it is DNA
tRNA
False RNA
Pentadactyl limb
Speciation
36. Human - like species that existed millions of years ago as witnessed through fossil evidence.
mRNA
3 nucleotides
Hominid
transcription
37. Form of reproductive isolation in which tere are differences in species courtship behavior
Behavioral (ethological) Isolation
Gene Pool
DNA fingerprint
Immigration
38. Speciation preceded by a period of geographical isolation
Allopatric Speciation
stop codon
Sub - species
index fossil
39. Which structure contains anticodons
3 nucleotides
Petrification
tRNA
Hominid
40. Genes contain instructions for assembling
molecular evidence
clinC
mutation
proteins
41. Individual that is heterozygous for two traits; shows the phenotype governed by the dominant alleles but carries the recessive alleles
Dihybrid
Homologous structures
Environment
Gene frequency
42. Found only in that country
Mendel's traits are now called _____ found on DNA
Endemic
nucleotides
index fossil
43. Is active during transcription
Punctuated Equilibrium
Gene
Gametic
RNA polymerase
44. Any agent that can cause a change in DNA
Mutagen
restriction enzymes - sticky ends
watson and crick
Precambrian era
45. A type of protein molecule found in the chromosomes of eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic cells
Pre -zygotic Mechanisms
Directional Selection
Histone
Speciation
46. Speciation which does not involve a period of geographical separation
Post -zygotic Mechanisms
Industrial Melanism
3 nucleotides
Sympatric Speciation
47. Similar DNA sequences or protein structures (such as hemoglobin) may link different species to a similar ancestor.
molecular evidence
Microevolution
rRNA
Mutation
48. Selection acting against the middle of a range of variation
mRNA
Natural Selection
Mendel's traits are now called _____ found on DNA
Disruptive Selection
49. When a few individuals become isolated from a larger population - this smaller group may establish a new population whose gene pool is different from their source population.
Mate Selection
deoxyribose and phosphate
replication
Founder effect
50. A pairing where the parent plants differ in only one character.
Centromere
Mesozoic era
Haploid/Monoploid
Monohybrid Cross
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