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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The signal on a mRNA molecule that designates the end of the coding sequence is called the...






2. Describes the existence of a prezygotic reproductive barrier between two species as a result of them occupying or breeding in different habitats within the same general geographical area






3. Types of rocks formed after exposure to very high heat. Because of the high temperatures - fossils are not able to be recovered from these types of rocks. Absolute or radioactive dating is possible - however.






4. Term used to refer to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait. e.g TT is the homozygous genotype for Tall.






5. Physical characteristics of an organism based on its genotype. e.g. Plant that has a genotype of TT will have a phenotype of Tall.






6. Organism is preserved at very low temperatures. Preservation of both hard and soft parts can occur.






7. Hybrid is sterile so biologically unfit






8. A model for the evolution of different froms over a long period of time but with only slight chchanges occring between successive generations






9. Ribosomes are made of...






10. Trait evolves overtime; NO common ancestry






11. Form of reproductive isolation in which structural differences in the anatomy of reproductive organs prevent sperm transfer between individuals of different species






12. The structure on a tRNA molecule that allows it interact with an mRNA molecule






13. A genetic crosses that involve one trait. e.g TT plant crossed with tt plant has offspring who are heterozygous Tt.






14. Independent segregation of genes during the formation of gametes






15. How many codons are needed to specify three amino acids






16. Used radioactive sulfur and radioactive phosphorus to determine that DNA is the genetic material - by demonstrating that it is DNA that is injected by bacteriophages into bacterial cells during infection






17. An episode of large - scale extinction affecting many different groups of organisms within a short period of time






18. Structures in different but related species that are derived from the same ancestral structure but now serve different purposes.






19. Cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number of chromosomes. Mitosis involves growth and repair and occurs in the body cells.






20. Natural disaster eliminates most of the population - members left contribute the alleles for the new population.






21. The individuals choice of which mate they will choose. The choice is dependant on what traits the individual finds attractive. e.g some people will want their mates to be smart or pretty.






22. Geologic period that followed the Precambrian;means 'ancient life' - early life (570-286 million years ago); single cell organisms - shells - mollusks - rise of first vertebrates - rise of land plants - amphibians - insects - seed plants - and trees






23. Used x ray cyrstallography to create an image of DNA






24. The capacity of an individual of certain genotype to reproduce. It is usually equal to the proportion of the individual's genes in all the genes of the next generation






25. Determined the complete double helical structure of DNA






26. A body cell






27. Predicts the possible outcome of a genetic cross.






28. Process by which a ribosome uses the code on mRNA to make proteins






29. Earth's history organized into four eras: Precambrian - Paleozoic - Mesozoic - and Cenozoic






30. Evolution of the earth - which is hypothesized to have been formed over 4.6 billion years ago.






31. Reciprocal evolution in two species as a result of the selection pressure each imposes upon the other






32. Threadlike structure within the nucleus containing the genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next






33. Any indirect evidence of life preserved as an impression in rock; trails - footprints - tracks - burrows - and bite marks






34. Features of different species tat are similar in function but not necessarily in structure and in which the similarity is not the result of common ancestry






35. An evolutionary 'branch' and its daughter 'twigs'






36. Breeding organisms with specific traits in order to produce offspring with identical traits






37. Is a sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait. This is because the sequence of bases code for certain proteins.






38. Transfer RNA; type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome






39. Innate trait; shared ancestry






40. Is the genetic makeup of an organism (TT or Tt) ; All the combinations of genes you have for a certain trait.






41. A change in the base sequence of DNA; the ultimate source of new alleles






42. A limb with five digits (fingers)






43. Determined the concept of complementary base pairing






44. Group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring






45. When zygote does not complete development or is physically weaker than normal






46. The movement of individuals into an area






47. A pairing where the parent plants differ in only one character.






48. Describes the isolation of a physical barrier e.g. body of water (ocean) or mountains






49. Deoxyribonucleic acid carries the genetic code for the proper functioning of an organism. It is composed of 5 carbon sugar (deoxyribose) four bases Adenine - Thymine - Cytosine and Guanine. the sugar is bonded to a phosphate group. This forms a long






50. Pea plants