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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A type of natural selection in which genetic diversity decreases as the population stabilises on a particular trait value






2. The offspring of a cross between two inbred lines within a single species. May also refer to the offspring of across between two species






3. The type of environment in which an organism or group normally lives or occurs






4. A small simple structure (as a fertilized egg) from which new tissue can develop into a complete organism. It is also a cell






5. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events






6. Another name for a gene






7. The inherited characteristic often masked by the dominant characteristic and not seen in an organism. e.g. Tt plant will still be tall. Where T is the dominant trait for tall and t is the recessive trait for small.






8. The evolutionary history/geneology of a group of organisms (a tree thingy)






9. Type of sympatric speciation that occurs when a new species is formed because of a change in microhabitats






10. A unique combination of traits that are passed down from one generation to another.






11. A model for the evolution of different froms over a long period of time but with only slight chchanges occring between successive generations






12. It is the time from when the Earth formed and simple life - forms evolved (and it is the longest era)






13. Molecules that join together to form DNA and RNA. Monomers that make up a nucleic acid






14. T or F If a nucleic acid contain uracil it is DNA






15. Human - like species that existed millions of years ago as witnessed through fossil evidence.






16. A codon is made of...






17. Proteins are made of...






18. Change in a DNA sequence that affects genetic information






19. Movement of organisms ro of from a population






20. Closely related species occupying different habitats - niches preventing them from interbreeding






21. Evolution resulting from small specific genetic changes that can lead to a new subspecies






22. The independant evolution of similar traits - starting from a similar ancestral condition






23. process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis.






24. Gene

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25. Breeding organisms with specific traits in order to produce offspring with identical traits






26. Predicts the possible outcome of a genetic cross.






27. Change in allele frequencies as a result of the migration of a small subgroup of a population






28. A fossil known to have lived in a particular geologic age that can be used to date the rock layer in which it is found






29. A geographic gradient in the extent to which a character is developed in a species






30. Physical characteristics of an organism based on its genotype. e.g. Plant that has a genotype of TT will have a phenotype of Tall.






31. An evolutionary 'branch' and its daughter 'twigs'






32. A process where the organisms that have traits that aid in its survival (adaptive traits) will reproduce to pass that trait to futher generations thus increasing the frequency of that trait in the population. Vice versa traits that reduce the chance






33. Three dimensional shape of organism made from a mold. May be created with plaster or over time with minerals.






34. Reciprocal evolution in two species as a result of the selection pressure each imposes upon the other






35. A DNA double helix is held together in the center by between nitrogenous bases






36. A copy of a gene is made during a process called this






37. The condition in which there is no change in allele frequencies from generation to generation (i.e. no evolution)






38. Determined the concept of complementary base pairing






39. Change of an organism over time. This can be caused by changes in in habitat or need to adapt for survival.






40. A change in the base sequence of DNA; the ultimate source of new alleles






41. The final product of transcription is...






42. Organisms with a similar underlying structure - but different function. Example: bird - bat and dolphin 'arm'. Shows a common ancestral link.






43. Evolution of the earth - which is hypothesized to have been formed over 4.6 billion years ago.






44. Movement of alleles into or out of a population due to the migration of individuals to or from the population






45. Gradual evolution within a lineage






46. A taxon originating from and including a single common ancestor






47. An ancestor that two or more descendants have in common






48. The individuals choice of which mate they will choose. The choice is dependant on what traits the individual finds attractive. e.g some people will want their mates to be smart or pretty.






49. Organ no longer serves a function






50. A combining of genes or characters different from what they were in the parents