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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A distinct population of a species that varies from other populations of the same species.






2. Separates DNA by size






3. The environmental factors that favour certain phenotypes






4. It means chromosomes are paired. One of each chromosome in a pair originates from the father and one from the mother. They affect the same trait - but don't necessarily cause the same expression of the trait.






5. A pairing where the parent plants differ in only one character.






6. A base found in DNA (but not in RNA). This base pairs with Adenine.






7. Name for oism with one dominant and one recessive allele






8. Change to a chromosome in which part of the chromosome is repeated






9. The offspring of a cross between two inbred lines within a single species. May also refer to the offspring of across between two species






10. The enzyme that binds to the promoter region of a gene during transcription is called...






11. It is the time from when the Earth formed and simple life - forms evolved (and it is the longest era)






12. Is a base found in DNA and RNA. In DNA its partner is Thymine. In RNA its partner is Uracil






13. An evolutionary 'branch' and its daughter 'twigs'






14. Genes contain instructions for assembling






15. Determined the complete double helical structure of DNA






16. Method of replication that implies that each new strand of DNA is half original and half new






17. You mate the unknown genotype with an organism showing the recessive trait. If any of the offspring show the recessive trait - the original unknown parent was heterozygous. If no recessive trats show up - the original parent was homozygous.






18. Is found in DNA






19. Uses metamorphic or igneous rock - calculates the age of an object by assessing the amount of radioactive element still present in the organism. Radioactive elements are slowly lost over time because of decay.






20. Is any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome.






21. A trait that masks the expression of another trait






22. The study relating the evolution of new charateristics to changes in the genes controlling development






23. Selection acting against the middle of a range of variation






24. Selection for the ability to obtain a mate






25. Threadlike structure within the nucleus containing the genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next






26. Building block of a nucleic acid (DNA and RNA)






27. Another term for pure breeding






28. Reciprocal evolution in two species as a result of the selection pressure each imposes upon the other






29. A taxon originating from and including a single common ancestor






30. The sum total of an organism's requirements; its way of life






31. Gradual evolution within a lineage






32. A codon is made of...






33. Process by which a ribosome uses the code on mRNA to make proteins






34. The type of environment in which an organism or group normally lives or occurs






35. When competition causes two closely related species to become more different in regions where their ranges overlap






36. The formation of new species as a result of evolution






37. Features that are superficially similar but have different modes of development






38. These prevent fertilization between species e.g. diff breeding season - mating behaviour






39. A type of natural selection in which genetic diversity decreases as the population stabilises on a particular trait value






40. Selection acting against the extremes of a range of variation - resulting in resistance to change in allele frequencies






41. Physical characteristics of an organism based on its genotype. e.g. Plant that has a genotype of TT will have a phenotype of Tall.






42. The movement of genes between populations as a result of mating of migration






43. Organ no longer serves a function






44. In the event of a sperm fertilizing an egg of another species - mechanisms that prevent result being fruitful






45. A model for the evolution of different froms over a long period of time but with only slight chchanges occring between successive generations






46. Process by which individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully; also called survival of the fittest






47. Evolutionary process in which a species or related species folllow different evolutionary paths to eventually become less related






48. Form of reproductive isolation in which structural differences in the anatomy of reproductive organs prevent sperm transfer between individuals of different species






49. Periods of little adaptive change






50. Cell division that produces reproductive cells or gamates.This occurs in the gonads (testicle and ovaries in animals) Here the chromosome number is halved the original amount. (each new cell has a haploid number = n) All daughter cells are not geneti