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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Messenger RNA; type of RNA that carries instructions from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome






2. Term used to refer to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait. e.g TT is the homozygous genotype for Tall.






3. An evolutionary 'branch' and its daughter 'twigs'






4. A codon is made of...






5. Method of replication that implies that each new strand of DNA is half original and half new






6. Even if the gametes of the two species meet - fertilization does not occur






7. The inherited characteristic often masked by the dominant characteristic and not seen in an organism. e.g. Tt plant will still be tall. Where T is the dominant trait for tall and t is the recessive trait for small.






8. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of the chromosome is removed






9. Disappearance of a species from all parts of its geographical range






10. 2 alleles for a character separate during the formation of gametes - so that each gamete only carriers one allele for each character

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11. Structures in different but related species that are derived from the same ancestral structure but now serve different purposes.






12. The complete genetic material contained in an individual






13. Transfer RNA; type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome






14. A DNA strand that has the bases CTAATGT forms a complete complementary double helix with






15. A change in the base sequence of a gene






16. Mutation where an extra base is added






17. A combining of genes or characters different from what they were in the parents






18. A base found in DNA (but not in RNA). This base pairs with Adenine.






19. Describes the existence of a prezygotic reproductive barrier between two species as a result of them occupying or breeding in different habitats within the same general geographical area






20. Similar embryological structures in different species - such as gill slits - may demonstrate that these species share a common ancestor.






21. What happens during the process of translation






22. A group of organisms of the same species occupying a given area.






23. Selection against one end of a range of variation - resulting in a progressive change in allele frequency






24. An equilibrium in the occurence of two or more different froms within the same population usually caused by different allele combiinations of a gene






25. In the event of a sperm fertilizing an egg of another species - mechanisms that prevent result being fruitful






26. Three mRNA nucleotides that code for a specific amino acid






27. Organ that serves no useful function in an organism






28. Middle life (245-144 million years ago); rise of mammals and dinosaurs; the rise of birds; extinction of dinosaurs - rise of flowering plants






29. A body cell






30. Cell division that produces reproductive cells or gamates.This occurs in the gonads (testicle and ovaries in animals) Here the chromosome number is halved the original amount. (each new cell has a haploid number = n) All daughter cells are not geneti






31. The adaptive increase in pigmentation as a result of human - induced pollutants






32. How often a particular gene occurs in the population






33. Another term for pure breeding






34. shape of a DNA molecule formed when two twisted DNA strands are coiled into a springlike structure and held together by hydrogen bonds between the bases.






35. Is any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome.






36. The molecules responsible for bringing amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis are






37. Dna moves during electrophoresis because of...






38. The comparison of the structures of different organisms






39. When chromosome is changed by radiation and chemicals - results a permanent structural change in the chromosome - which will no longer be able to pair with its homologous pair. Eg - deletion - duplication - inversion and translocation.






40. Determined the complete double helical structure of DNA






41. Evolution of the earth - which is hypothesized to have been formed over 4.6 billion years ago.






42. The enzyme that binds to the promoter region of a gene during transcription is called...






43. Process by which one species gives rise to two or more species






44. A small simple structure (as a fertilized egg) from which new tissue can develop into a complete organism. It is also a cell






45. Cross where you cross unknown genotype with a recessive






46. A mutation in which one nucleotide is replaced by another nucleotide






47. It is the time from when the Earth formed and simple life - forms evolved (and it is the longest era)






48. Innate trait; shared ancestry






49. Science dealing with DNA and protein synthesis of living organisms. Manipulation of DNA.






50. Periods of rapid evolution punctuated by periods of little change