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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Condition in which an organism has extra sets of chromosomes






2. It means chromosomes are paired. One of each chromosome in a pair originates from the father and one from the mother. They affect the same trait - but don't necessarily cause the same expression of the trait.






3. Used radioactive sulfur and radioactive phosphorus to determine that DNA is the genetic material - by demonstrating that it is DNA that is injected by bacteriophages into bacterial cells during infection






4. Describes the existence of a prezygotic reproductive barrier between two species as a result of them occupying or breeding in different habitats within the same general geographical area






5. Innate trait; shared ancestry






6. Process by which an organism is slowly turned to stone as the body is replaced by minerals.






7. The region of the chromosome that holds the two sister chromatids together during mitosis






8. A body cell






9. Shows how the embryos of different groups resemble each other at particular stages. Similarities indicate groups may share a common ancestor






10. Identical alleles for a gene






11. Predicts the possible outcome of a genetic cross.






12. Features of different species tat are similar in function but not necessarily in structure and in which the similarity is not the result of common ancestry






13. 2 alleles for a character separate during the formation of gametes - so that each gamete only carriers one allele for each character

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14. Transfer RNA; type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome






15. Group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area






16. The environmental factors that favour certain phenotypes






17. When F1 is fully fertile but F2 has low fertility (rice - cotton)






18. Inherited feature that tends to prevent species from interbreeding with other species






19. A type of natural selection in which genetic diversity decreases as the population stabilises on a particular trait value






20. Separates DNA by size






21. The reduction of a population - typically by a natural disaster - such that the surviving population is no longer genetically representative of the original population.






22. T or F If a nucleic acid contain uracil it is DNA






23. The preserved remains or traces of an organism that lived in the past






24. Era of recent life that began about 66 million years ago and continues today; includes the first appearance Hominids






25. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of one chromosome attaches to a nonhomologous chromosome






26. Dna moves during electrophoresis because of...






27. Organ that serves no useful function in an organism






28. A DNA strand that has the bases CTAATGT forms a complete complementary double helix with






29. An episode of large - scale extinction affecting many different groups of organisms within a short period of time






30. Determined the complete double helical structure of DNA






31. When chromosome is changed by radiation and chemicals - results a permanent structural change in the chromosome - which will no longer be able to pair with its homologous pair. Eg - deletion - duplication - inversion and translocation.






32. Science dealing with DNA and protein synthesis of living organisms. Manipulation of DNA.






33. The offspring of a cross between two inbred lines within a single species. May also refer to the offspring of across between two species






34. Uses metamorphic or igneous rock - calculates the age of an object by assessing the amount of radioactive element still present in the organism. Radioactive elements are slowly lost over time because of decay.






35. A type of barrier between species; the species remain isolated because male and femal gametes of the different species cannot fuse - or they die before they unite.






36. Molecules that join together to form DNA and RNA. Monomers that make up a nucleic acid






37. Form of reproductive isolation in which two populations reproduce at different times






38. Consists of all genes - including all the different alleles - that are present in a population






39. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events






40. Organisms with similar functions - but different underlying structure. Example: bird and insect wing. These structures do NOT show a common ancestral link.






41. Organ no longer serves a function






42. The enzyme that binds to the promoter region of a gene during transcription is called...






43. An organism that has characteristics resulting from chromosomal alteration. This is a result of crossing over of the chromosomes during Meiosis - mutations and random segregation.






44. Organism is preserved at very low temperatures. Preservation of both hard and soft parts can occur.






45. Geologic period that followed the Precambrian;means 'ancient life' - early life (570-286 million years ago); single cell organisms - shells - mollusks - rise of first vertebrates - rise of land plants - amphibians - insects - seed plants - and trees






46. Process by which a ribosome uses the code on mRNA to make proteins






47. process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis.






48. Movement of organisms ro of from a population






49. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events






50. Is a base found in DNA and RNA. In DNA its partner is Thymine. In RNA its partner is Uracil