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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The environmental factors that favour certain phenotypes






2. The evolutionary process by which a species becomes better suited to its niche.






3. Structure present in an organism however does NOT have a known function. May link organisms with similar vestigial structures. Example: appendix - coccyx bone - whale leg bones.






4. Pea plants






5. Speciation which does not involve a period of geographical separation






6. Evolution of living things - based on evidence from the past and present.






7. Is a sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait. This is because the sequence of bases code for certain proteins.






8. A process where the organisms that have traits that aid in its survival (adaptive traits) will reproduce to pass that trait to futher generations thus increasing the frequency of that trait in the population. Vice versa traits that reduce the chance






9. Gene

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10. A process that results in an allele having a different probability of remaining in the gene pool compared with that of another allele






11. The inherited characteristic often masked by the dominant characteristic and not seen in an organism. e.g. Tt plant will still be tall. Where T is the dominant trait for tall and t is the recessive trait for small.






12. A copy of a gene is made during a process called this






13. Era of recent life that began about 66 million years ago and continues today; includes the first appearance Hominids






14. Change of an organism over time. This can be caused by changes in in habitat or need to adapt for survival.






15. Science dealing with DNA and protein synthesis of living organisms. Manipulation of DNA.






16. Process by which a ribosome uses the code on mRNA to make proteins






17. Transfer RNA; type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome






18. Term used to refer to an organism that has two different alleles for the same trait. e.g Tt is the heterozygous genotype for Tall.






19. The number of times an allele appears in a population






20. A change in the base sequence of a gene






21. Selection against one end of a range of variation - resulting in a progressive change in allele frequency






22. What does DNA stand for...






23. During transcription an RNA molecule is formed






24. The final product of transcription is...






25. A limb with five digits (fingers)






26. Form of reproductive isolation in which two populations reproduce at different times






27. Form of reproductive isolation in which tere are differences in species courtship behavior






28. Actual remains of an organism such as bones - teeth - shells - etc.






29. Geologic period that followed the Precambrian;means 'ancient life' - early life (570-286 million years ago); single cell organisms - shells - mollusks - rise of first vertebrates - rise of land plants - amphibians - insects - seed plants - and trees






30. Impression made from a organism in soft material such as sand or mud.






31. When competition causes two closely related species to become more different in regions where their ranges overlap






32. Evolution of the earth - which is hypothesized to have been formed over 4.6 billion years ago.






33. You mate the unknown genotype with an organism showing the recessive trait. If any of the offspring show the recessive trait - the original unknown parent was heterozygous. If no recessive trats show up - the original parent was homozygous.






34. Features that are superficially similar but have different modes of development






35. One of the identical rods of a chromosome.






36. Group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area






37. The independant evolution of similar traits - starting from a similar ancestral condition






38. Organisms with similar functions - but different underlying structure. Example: bird and insect wing. These structures do NOT show a common ancestral link.






39. A group of organisms whose members are sufficiently alike to be able to reproduce and produce fertile offspring and who are unable to reproduce with other such groups






40. Trait where heterozygous is a blending of two alleles






41. The adaptive increase in pigmentation as a result of human - induced pollutants






42. T or F a codon consist of three nucleotides






43. Messenger RNA; type of RNA that carries instructions from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome






44. Inherited feature that tends to prevent species from interbreeding with other species






45. The preserved remains or traces of an organism that lived in the past






46. Describes a cell - nucleus - or organism that has only one set of unpaired chromosomes






47. Gradual evolution within a lineage






48. Copying the code from DNA onto mRNA






49. A base found in DNA (but not in RNA). This base pairs with Adenine.






50. Cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number of chromosomes. Mitosis involves growth and repair and occurs in the body cells.