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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Structure present in an organism however does NOT have a known function. May link organisms with similar vestigial structures. Example: appendix - coccyx bone - whale leg bones.






2. Form of reproductive isolation in which structural differences in the anatomy of reproductive organs prevent sperm transfer between individuals of different species






3. It is the time from when the Earth formed and simple life - forms evolved (and it is the longest era)






4. Middle life (245-144 million years ago); rise of mammals and dinosaurs; the rise of birds; extinction of dinosaurs - rise of flowering plants






5. A process that results in an allele having a different probability of remaining in the gene pool compared with that of another allele






6. A unique combination of traits that are passed down from one generation to another.






7. Type of sympatric speciation that occurs when a new species is formed because of a change in microhabitats






8. T or F a codon consist of three nucleotides






9. Separates DNA by size






10. Selection against one end of a range of variation - resulting in a progressive change in allele frequency






11. Cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number of chromosomes. Mitosis involves growth and repair and occurs in the body cells.






12. Two alternative forms of a gene e.g Tall vs Short






13. The independant evolution of similar traits - starting from a similar ancestral condition






14. Periods of little adaptive change






15. Visual expression of a trait






16. To create a recombinant DNA molecule - one would have to first cut two DNAs with creating before pasting them together






17. Genes contain instructions for assembling






18. How many codons are needed to specify three amino acids






19. A pairing where the parent plants differ in only one character.






20. Layers of compressed sedimentary rock demonstrate the order or sequence at which events occurred. Cannot delineate the exact point of time - but is able to distinguish the order of events.






21. Selection acting against the middle of a range of variation






22. Of a cell or organism having two sets of homologous chromosomes or twice the haploid number






23. Organ that serves no useful function in an organism






24. Used x ray cyrstallography to create an image of DNA






25. A change in the base sequence of DNA; the ultimate source of new alleles






26. The movement of genes between populations as a result of mating of migration






27. Is active during transcription






28. Recognize and cut DNA at specific sequences usually palindromes






29. The study of the past and present distribution of species.






30. The environmental factors that favour certain phenotypes






31. Innate trait; shared ancestry






32. A process where the organisms that have traits that aid in its survival (adaptive traits) will reproduce to pass that trait to futher generations thus increasing the frequency of that trait in the population. Vice versa traits that reduce the chance






33. The offspring of a cross between two inbred lines within a single species. May also refer to the offspring of across between two species






34. Closely related species occupying different habitats - niches preventing them from interbreeding






35. DNA is made of...






36. Science dealing with DNA and protein synthesis of living organisms. Manipulation of DNA.






37. Organisms with a similar underlying structure - but different function. Example: bird - bat and dolphin 'arm'. Shows a common ancestral link.






38. The region of the chromosome that holds the two sister chromatids together during mitosis






39. Method of replication that implies that each new strand of DNA is half original and half new






40. Natural disaster eliminates most of the population - members left contribute the alleles for the new population.






41. A geographic gradient in the extent to which a character is developed in a species






42. Cross where you cross unknown genotype with a recessive






43. The backbone of DNA consist of...






44. Gradual evolution within a lineage






45. Describes the existence of a prezygotic reproductive barrier between two species as a result of them occupying or breeding in different habitats within the same general geographical area






46. Geologic period that followed the Precambrian;means 'ancient life' - early life (570-286 million years ago); single cell organisms - shells - mollusks - rise of first vertebrates - rise of land plants - amphibians - insects - seed plants - and trees






47. The adaptive increase in pigmentation as a result of human - induced pollutants






48. A point of overlap of paired chromatids at which fusion and exchange of genetic material (crossing over) occurs during prophase I of meiosis.






49. Copying the code from DNA onto mRNA






50. Pea plants







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