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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Genetics And Evolution
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
,
genetics
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Method of replication that implies that each new strand of DNA is half original and half new
Semi - conservative replication
Recombination
Absolute dating
Translocation
2. Physical characteristics of an organism based on its genotype. e.g. Plant that has a genotype of TT will have a phenotype of Tall.
Gene frequency
Locus
Phenotype
Homozygous
3. Form of reproductive isolation in which structural differences in the anatomy of reproductive organs prevent sperm transfer between individuals of different species
Chromatid
mRNA
Recessive
Mechanical (morphological) Isolation
4. Different alleles for a gene
Founder Effect
Habitat
Heterozygote
clinC
5. A nucleotide of RNA is made of...
ribose - phosphate - and a base
Igneous and metamorphic rock
The cell uses information from mRNA to produce proteins
Allopatric Speciation
6. Chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual. These are X for female and Y for male. The female egg is an X while the male sperm can be X or Y
Adaptive Radiation
Sex Chromosomes
Adaptation
Incomplete Dominance
7. The study of the past and present distribution of species.
vestigial (Evolution Evidence)
Semi - conservative replication
Biogeography
Parallel Evolution
8. When F1 is fully fertile but F2 has low fertility (rice - cotton)
transcription
nucleotide
Hybrid Breakdown
Fitness
9. Cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number of chromosomes. Mitosis involves growth and repair and occurs in the body cells.
Recessive
mRNA
Analogous Features
Mitosis
10. 2 alleles for a character separate during the formation of gametes - so that each gamete only carriers one allele for each character
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11. Three mRNA nucleotides that code for a specific amino acid
Precambrian era
Petrification
Sex Chromosomes
codon
12. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of the chromosome is removed
restriction enzyme
Gene Pool
Deletion
Microevolution
13. Molecules that join together to form DNA and RNA. Monomers that make up a nucleic acid
Geologic Evolution
Selection
Directional Selection
Nucleotide
14. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events
Species
Gene pool
Genetic Drift
polypeptide
15. Messenger RNA; type of RNA that carries instructions from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome
mRNA
restriction enzyme
Geologic Evolution
False RNA
16. Condition in which an organism has extra sets of chromosomes
homologous (Evolution Evidence)
Polyploidy
mRNA
Genotype
17. Is a base found in DNA and RNA. Cytosine pairs with Guanine in DNA
Cytosine
Gene frequency
Ecological (habitat) Isolation
Gamete Isolation
18. The reduction of a population - typically by a natural disaster - such that the surviving population is no longer genetically representative of the original population.
Allele Frequency
watson and crick
Bottleneck Effect
Igneous and metamorphic rock
19. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of one chromosome attaches to a nonhomologous chromosome
molecular evidence
Geographical Isolation
chromatin
Translocation
20. Earth's history organized into four eras: Precambrian - Paleozoic - Mesozoic - and Cenozoic
ribose - phosphate - and a base
geologic time scale
DNA fingerprint
trace fossils
21. Term used to refer to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait. e.g TT is the homozygous genotype for Tall.
Heritable variation
Genotype
Homozygous
Gene mutation
22. A taxon originating from and including a single common ancestor
Monophyletic
Monohybrid
mRNA
clinC
23. It is the time from when the Earth formed and simple life - forms evolved (and it is the longest era)
transcription
Adaptation
Precambrian era
Homozygous
24. Process by which individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully; also called survival of the fittest
Guanine
3 nucleotides
Fitness
Natural Selection
25. Genes contain instructions for assembling
proteins
Test Cross
Semi - conservative replication
Mold
26. Two alternative forms of a gene e.g Tall vs Short
Speciation
Dihybrid
mutation
Alleles
27. The comparison of the structures of different organisms
Allopatric Speciation
Comparative anatomy
False genes
Hybrid Infertility
28. Evolution resulting from small specific genetic changes that can lead to a new subspecies
Cenozoic era
Microevolution
Ecological Barrier
Selection pressure
29. Hybrid is sterile so biologically unfit
clinC
nucleotides
Population
Hybrid Infertility
30. One of the types of fossils made from hardened tree resin. Preserves both hard and soft parts.
Mendel's traits are now called _____ found on DNA
Amber
Allele Frequency
Sequential Evolution
31. During transcription an RNA molecule is formed
mRNA
that is complementary to a single strand of DNA
Deletion
Testcross
32. Reciprocal evolution in two species as a result of the selection pressure each imposes upon the other
homologous (Evolution Evidence)
Coevolution
Vestigial structure
DNA
33. Is a base found in DNA and RNA. This base pairs with Cytosine in DNA
Deletion
Guanine
Gene
NIche Isolation
34. Innate trait; shared ancestry
Mesozoic era
Homozygous
homologous (Evolution Evidence)
Histone
35. Trait where heterozygous is a blending of two alleles
Ecological Barrier
Genotype
watson and crick
tRNA
36. Change in allele frequencies as a result of the migration of a small subgroup of a population
Founder Effect
Dihybrid Cross
Chargaff
restriction enzyme
37. The structure on a tRNA molecule that allows it interact with an mRNA molecule
anticodon
Selection pressure
Meiosis
Mold
38. The offspring of a cross between two inbred lines within a single species. May also refer to the offspring of across between two species
true
Chromosomes
Hybrid
Gene
39. Organism is preserved at very low temperatures. Preservation of both hard and soft parts can occur.
NIche Isolation
Substitution
Ice
Petrification
40. Change of an organism over time. This can be caused by changes in in habitat or need to adapt for survival.
translation
Evolution
homologous (Evolution Evidence)
Insertion
41. Mutation where an extra base is added
Sex Chromosomes
Insertion
cytosine in DNA is about equal to the percentage of guanine molecules
Translocation
42. Geologic period that followed the Precambrian;means 'ancient life' - early life (570-286 million years ago); single cell organisms - shells - mollusks - rise of first vertebrates - rise of land plants - amphibians - insects - seed plants - and trees
Microevolution
Incomplete Dominance
Mesozoic era
Paleozoic era
43. Proteins are made of...
amino acids
Gene
Deletion
Industrial Melanism
44. Human - like species that existed millions of years ago as witnessed through fossil evidence.
Hominid
Directional Selection
Ecological (habitat) Isolation
Chromatid
45. Organisms with similar functions - but different underlying structure. Example: bird and insect wing. These structures do NOT show a common ancestral link.
Analogous structures
Convergent Evolution
Meiosis
Geologic Evolution
46. Copying the code from DNA onto mRNA
Temporal Isolation
Hybrid Infertility
transcription
Mold
47. Relatively rapid proliferation from an ancestral type into new types which fill a diversity of ecological niches
Amber
Adaptive Radiation
Dihybrid
Chargaff
48. A model for the evolution of different froms over a long period of time but with only slight chchanges occring between successive generations
Petrification
Cytosine
Phyletic Gradualism (anagenesis)
proteins
49. A change in the base sequence of DNA; the ultimate source of new alleles
Mutation
RNA polymerase
tRNA
Adaptive Radiation
50. The capacity of an individual of certain genotype to reproduce. It is usually equal to the proportion of the individual's genes in all the genes of the next generation
Fitness
Heterozygote
Allele
Population