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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 2 alleles for a character separate during the formation of gametes - so that each gamete only carriers one allele for each character

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2. Organ that serves no useful function in an organism






3. Name for oism with one dominant and one recessive allele






4. When zygote does not complete development or is physically weaker than normal






5. The study of the structures of different organisms - looking at homologous parts






6. Term used to refer to an organism that has two different alleles for the same trait. e.g Tt is the heterozygous genotype for Tall.






7. A unique combination of traits that are passed down from one generation to another.






8. Evolution of the earth - which is hypothesized to have been formed over 4.6 billion years ago.






9. Chromosomes are collections of many






10. Natural selection that causes the frequency of a particular allele to move in one direction






11. Process in which DNA is duplicated






12. An ancestor that two or more descendants have in common






13. Evolution of living things - based on evidence from the past and present.






14. Era of recent life that began about 66 million years ago and continues today; includes the first appearance Hominids






15. Term used to refer to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait. e.g TT is the homozygous genotype for Tall.






16. Is a base found in DNA and RNA. Cytosine pairs with Guanine in DNA






17. Form of reproductive isolation in which tere are differences in species courtship behavior






18. Selection against one end of a range of variation - resulting in a progressive change in allele frequency






19. Individual that is heterozygous for two traits; shows the phenotype governed by the dominant alleles but carries the recessive alleles






20. Process by which a ribosome uses the code on mRNA to make proteins






21. Selection acting against the extremes of a range of variation - resulting in resistance to change in allele frequencies






22. Condition in which an organism has extra sets of chromosomes






23. Change in a DNA sequence that affects genetic information






24. A type of natural selection in which genetic diversity decreases as the population stabilises on a particular trait value






25. An episode of large - scale extinction affecting many different groups of organisms within a short period of time






26. Evolution of superficial phenotypic similarity of form as a result of similar selection pressures






27. Any agent that can cause a change in DNA






28. Change in allele frequencies as a result of the migration of a small subgroup of a population






29. Movement of organisms ro of from a population






30. A change in the base sequence of a gene






31. Any preserved remains of an organism from the past. Usually found in sedimentary rock.






32. Is found in DNA






33. When chromosome is changed by radiation and chemicals - results a permanent structural change in the chromosome - which will no longer be able to pair with its homologous pair. Eg - deletion - duplication - inversion and translocation.






34. Organ no longer serves a function






35. A genetic crosses that involve one trait. e.g TT plant crossed with tt plant has offspring who are heterozygous Tt.






36. A group of organisms of the same species occupying a given area.






37. A type of barrier between species; the species remain isolated because male and femal gametes of the different species cannot fuse - or they die before they unite.






38. When a few individuals become isolated from a larger population - this smaller group may establish a new population whose gene pool is different from their source population.






39. The independant evolution of similar traits - starting from a similar ancestral condition






40. A trait that masks the expression of another trait






41. A process where the organisms that have traits that aid in its survival (adaptive traits) will reproduce to pass that trait to futher generations thus increasing the frequency of that trait in the population. Vice versa traits that reduce the chance






42. Describes the existence of a prezygotic reproductive barrier between two species as a result of them occupying or breeding in different habitats within the same general geographical area






43. Process by which individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully; also called survival of the fittest






44. Mutation where an extra base is added






45. The enzyme that binds to the promoter region of a gene during transcription is called...






46. Organisms with similar functions - but different underlying structure. Example: bird and insect wing. These structures do NOT show a common ancestral link.






47. Nucleotides that control which amino acids are added during protein synthesis






48. Cell division that produces reproductive cells or gamates.This occurs in the gonads (testicle and ovaries in animals) Here the chromosome number is halved the original amount. (each new cell has a haploid number = n) All daughter cells are not geneti






49. Used x ray cyrstallography to create an image of DNA






50. A change in the base sequence of DNA; the ultimate source of new alleles