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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Era of recent life that began about 66 million years ago and continues today; includes the first appearance Hominids






2. The enzyme that binds to the promoter region of a gene during transcription is called...






3. Earth's history organized into four eras: Precambrian - Paleozoic - Mesozoic - and Cenozoic






4. Any indirect evidence of life preserved as an impression in rock; trails - footprints - tracks - burrows - and bite marks






5. Nucleotides that control which amino acids are added during protein synthesis






6. Movement of alleles into or out of a population due to the migration of individuals to or from the population






7. Similar embryological structures in different species - such as gill slits - may demonstrate that these species share a common ancestor.






8. The study of the past and present distribution of species.






9. Cell division that produces reproductive cells or gamates.This occurs in the gonads (testicle and ovaries in animals) Here the chromosome number is halved the original amount. (each new cell has a haploid number = n) All daughter cells are not geneti






10. Is any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome.






11. A pairing where the parent plants differ in only one character.






12. Change in allele frequencies as a result of the migration of a small subgroup of a population






13. Mating of an individual of unknown genotype but dominant phenotype w/ a homozygous recessive individual






14. Two alternative forms of a gene e.g Tall vs Short






15. Determined the complete double helical structure of DNA






16. DNA that is coiled around proteins






17. Which type of Rna functions as a blue print of the genetic code






18. Type of rock made from small pieces of other rocks and organisms pressed together. Source of fossil preservation. Limited radioactive or absolute dating potential.






19. Individual that is heterozygous for two traits; shows the phenotype governed by the dominant alleles but carries the recessive alleles






20. Situation in which allele frequencies remain constant






21. Natural selection that causes the frequency of a particular allele to move in one direction






22. A taxon originating from and including a single common ancestor






23. Describes the isolation of a physical barrier e.g. body of water (ocean) or mountains






24. The evolutionary process by which a species becomes better suited to its niche.






25. Speciation preceded by a period of geographical isolation






26. The final product of transcription is...






27. Periods of rapid evolution punctuated by periods of little change






28. Geologic period that followed the Precambrian;means 'ancient life' - early life (570-286 million years ago); single cell organisms - shells - mollusks - rise of first vertebrates - rise of land plants - amphibians - insects - seed plants - and trees






29. Found only in that country






30. Layers of compressed sedimentary rock demonstrate the order or sequence at which events occurred. Cannot delineate the exact point of time - but is able to distinguish the order of events.






31. Mutation where an extra base is added






32. Innate trait; shared ancestry






33. A type of protein molecule found in the chromosomes of eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic cells






34. Predicts the possible outcome of a genetic cross.






35. Trait where heterozygous is a blending of two alleles






36. Features of different species tat are similar in function but not necessarily in structure and in which the similarity is not the result of common ancestry






37. Structures in different but related species that are derived from the same ancestral structure but now serve different purposes.






38. All the genes in a population. genes are added by reproduction and immigration and lost by death and emigration






39. Relatively rapid proliferation from an ancestral type into new types which fill a diversity of ecological niches






40. Term used to refer to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait. e.g TT is the homozygous genotype for Tall.






41. Selection acting against the middle of a range of variation






42. Evolution of superficial phenotypic similarity of form as a result of similar selection pressures






43. The type of environment in which an organism or group normally lives or occurs






44. Impression made from a organism in soft material such as sand or mud.






45. Any preserved remains of an organism from the past. Usually found in sedimentary rock.






46. A point of overlap of paired chromatids at which fusion and exchange of genetic material (crossing over) occurs during prophase I of meiosis.






47. Used radioactive sulfur and radioactive phosphorus to determine that DNA is the genetic material - by demonstrating that it is DNA that is injected by bacteriophages into bacterial cells during infection






48. Three mRNA nucleotides that code for a specific amino acid






49. Determined the concept of complementary base pairing






50. An evolutionary 'branch' and its daughter 'twigs'