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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Genetics And Evolution
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
,
genetics
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area
amino acids
Population
RNA polymerase
Vestigial structure
2. A unique combination of traits that are passed down from one generation to another.
Heritable variation
Adaptation
Genetic Drift
tRNA
3. Of a cell or organism having two sets of homologous chromosomes or twice the haploid number
Phyletic Gradualism (anagenesis)
Mate Selection
Igneous and metamorphic rock
Diploid
4. Change to a chromosome in which part of the chromosome is repeated
Monophyletic
Microevolution
Punctuated Equilibrium
Duplication
5. The adaptive increase in pigmentation as a result of human - induced pollutants
Industrial Melanism
Homozygous
transcription
Phenotype
6. The study of the structures of different organisms - looking at homologous parts
Chargaff
Independent assortment
Chiasma
Comparative Anatomy
7. Building block of a nucleic acid (DNA and RNA)
Microevolution
transcription
nucleotide
Sex Chromosomes
8. Cross where you cross unknown genotype with a recessive
Recessive
Test Cross
Fossil
Polyploidy
9. Are noncoding sequences in the gene that are removed from RNA after transcription
Variation
Nucleotide
introns
codon
10. Ribosomal RNA; type of RNA that makes up part of the ribosome
Sequential Evolution
Homologous structures
rRNA
amino acid
11. Era of recent life that began about 66 million years ago and continues today; includes the first appearance Hominids
Codon
watson and crick
Cenozoic era
Mechanical (morphological) Isolation
12. Organ that serves no useful function in an organism
Mass Extinction
vestigial (Evolution Evidence)
Vestigial organs
Divergent Evolution
13. Human - like species that existed millions of years ago as witnessed through fossil evidence.
Hominid
Pentadactyl limb
Homozygous
Adaptation
14. Form of reproductive isolation in which structural differences in the anatomy of reproductive organs prevent sperm transfer between individuals of different species
Biogeography
Hybrid Breakdown
Mechanical (morphological) Isolation
Gene Flow
15. Is a base found in DNA and RNA. In DNA its partner is Thymine. In RNA its partner is Uracil
Mass Extinction
Adenine
Post -zygotic Mechanisms
Monohybrid
16. Individual that is heterozygous for two traits; shows the phenotype governed by the dominant alleles but carries the recessive alleles
Sedimentary Rock
Hybrid Inviability
Deletion
Dihybrid
17. The comparison of the structures of different organisms
Comparative anatomy
Selection pressure
Gene
RNA polymerase
18. A point of overlap of paired chromatids at which fusion and exchange of genetic material (crossing over) occurs during prophase I of meiosis.
RNA polymerase
Meiosis
Adaptation
Chiasma
19. When a few individuals become isolated from a larger population - this smaller group may establish a new population whose gene pool is different from their source population.
rRNA
Isolating Mechanism
False RNA
Founder effect
20. Pea plants
Industrial Melanism
Speciation
Absolute dating
Medel worked with _____
21. Uses metamorphic or igneous rock - calculates the age of an object by assessing the amount of radioactive element still present in the organism. Radioactive elements are slowly lost over time because of decay.
Monohybrid Cross
deoxyribose and phosphate
Absolute dating
Behavioral (ethological) Isolation
22. process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis.
Allele Frequency
stop codon
Crossing over
hydrogen bonds
23. Embryos of similar organisms have very similar early development indicating similar DNA at work
Allele Frequency
Genotype
Translocation
Comparative Embryology
24. Situation in which allele frequencies remain constant
Fossils
Germ
Genetic Equilibrium
Homozygous
25. Is found in DNA
nucleotide
thymine
mRNA
Guanine
26. Natural disaster eliminates most of the population - members left contribute the alleles for the new population.
deoxyribose and phosphate
body fossils
Bottle neck effect
Gene flow
27. Visual expression of a trait
Variation
Phenotype
Bottleneck Effect
Pre -zygotic Mechanisms
28. A change in the base sequence of DNA; the ultimate source of new alleles
DNA fingerprint
Comparative anatomy
Rosalind Franklin
Mutation
29. Selection for the ability to obtain a mate
Post -zygotic Mechanisms
Sexual Selection
Adenine
proteins
30. In the event of a sperm fertilizing an egg of another species - mechanisms that prevent result being fruitful
Post -zygotic Mechanisms
ribose - phosphate - and a base
Polyploidy
Species
31. How often a particular gene occurs in the population
Pentadactyl limb
Gene frequency
Mutation
mRNA
32. Mutation where an extra base is added
Relative dating
Clade
Insertion
Allele Frequency
33. When zygote does not complete development or is physically weaker than normal
Gamete Isolation
Hybrid Inviability
Amber
Adenine
34. A process where the organisms that have traits that aid in its survival (adaptive traits) will reproduce to pass that trait to futher generations thus increasing the frequency of that trait in the population. Vice versa traits that reduce the chance
gel electrophoresis
Natural Selection
Heterozygous
Petrification
35. Two alternative forms of a gene e.g Tall vs Short
Chiasma
Alleles
Allele
Directional Selection
36. Proteins are made of...
Industrial Melanism
amino acids
Insertion
Mendel's traits are now called _____ found on DNA
37. Gradual evolution within a lineage
codon
transcription
Common Ancestor
Sequential Evolution
38. When competition causes two closely related species to become more different in regions where their ranges overlap
Analogous Structures (analogies)
Homozygote
Autosomes
Character Displacement
39. A base found in DNA (but not in RNA). This base pairs with Adenine.
Thymine
Analogous Structures (analogies)
cytoplasm
Bottle neck effect
40. A type of natural selection in which genetic diversity decreases as the population stabilises on a particular trait value
Stabilising selection
Mass Extinction
index fossil
Translocation
41. All the factors in an organism's surroundings that can potentially affect it
Directional Selection
Environment
Sexual Selection
Chargaff
42. Types of rocks formed after exposure to very high heat. Because of the high temperatures - fossils are not able to be recovered from these types of rocks. Absolute or radioactive dating is possible - however.
Precambrian era
Igneous and metamorphic rock
Industrial Melanism
Environment
43. When F1 is fully fertile but F2 has low fertility (rice - cotton)
Hybrid Breakdown
Post -zygotic Mechanisms
Meiosis
Industrial Melanism
44. The signal on a mRNA molecule that designates the end of the coding sequence is called the...
Absolute dating
true
Monophyletic
stop codon
45. The number of times an allele appears in a population
Analogous Features
Allele Frequency
mRNA
Species
46. Organisms with similar functions - but different underlying structure. Example: bird and insect wing. These structures do NOT show a common ancestral link.
Heterozygote
Locus
Dominant
Analogous structures
47. Large - scale evolutionary changes that take place over long periods of time
Natural Selection
Amber
Macroevolution
Gene Pool
48. Describes the isolation of a physical barrier e.g. body of water (ocean) or mountains
Geographical Isolation
Ice
Divergent Evolution
Population
49. Process by which an organism is slowly turned to stone as the body is replaced by minerals.
Petrification
NIche Isolation
Analogous Features
Semi - conservative replication
50. Determined the concept of complementary base pairing
Population
gel electrophoresis
Allele Frequency
Chargaff