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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Genetics And Evolution
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
,
genetics
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The signal on a mRNA molecule that designates the end of the coding sequence is called the...
stop codon
Bottleneck Effect
index fossil
Mendel's Principle of Segregation
2. Describes the existence of a prezygotic reproductive barrier between two species as a result of them occupying or breeding in different habitats within the same general geographical area
tRNA
Chiasma
Ecological (habitat) Isolation
Evo Devo
3. Types of rocks formed after exposure to very high heat. Because of the high temperatures - fossils are not able to be recovered from these types of rocks. Absolute or radioactive dating is possible - however.
Igneous and metamorphic rock
Mitosis
The cell uses information from mRNA to produce proteins
Guanine
4. Term used to refer to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait. e.g TT is the homozygous genotype for Tall.
Homozygous
False genes
Heterozygote
Behavioral (ethological) Isolation
5. Physical characteristics of an organism based on its genotype. e.g. Plant that has a genotype of TT will have a phenotype of Tall.
Dihybrid
body fossils
Artificial selection
Phenotype
6. Organism is preserved at very low temperatures. Preservation of both hard and soft parts can occur.
Evo Devo
Hershey and Chase
Ring Species
Ice
7. Hybrid is sterile so biologically unfit
Mesozoic era
Hybrid Infertility
Disruptive Selection
Divergent Evolution
8. A model for the evolution of different froms over a long period of time but with only slight chchanges occring between successive generations
Phyletic Gradualism (anagenesis)
Mechanical (morphological) Isolation
three
Genetic Drift
9. Ribosomes are made of...
Gametic
body fossils
Heritable variation
rRNA
10. Trait evolves overtime; NO common ancestry
Evolution
watson and crick
clinC
analogous (Evolution Evidence)
11. Form of reproductive isolation in which structural differences in the anatomy of reproductive organs prevent sperm transfer between individuals of different species
Mechanical (morphological) Isolation
Comparative Embryology
stop codon
Homozygous
12. The structure on a tRNA molecule that allows it interact with an mRNA molecule
anticodon
Divergent Evolution
Fitness
Dihybrid Cross
13. A genetic crosses that involve one trait. e.g TT plant crossed with tt plant has offspring who are heterozygous Tt.
clinC
Monohybrid
Sympatric Speciation
Homozygous
14. Independent segregation of genes during the formation of gametes
Balanced Polymorphism
DNA fingerprint
Independent assortment
Mutation
15. How many codons are needed to specify three amino acids
Adenine
nucleotide
three
Recombination
16. Used radioactive sulfur and radioactive phosphorus to determine that DNA is the genetic material - by demonstrating that it is DNA that is injected by bacteriophages into bacterial cells during infection
Deletion
Heterozygous
Hershey and Chase
Niche
17. An episode of large - scale extinction affecting many different groups of organisms within a short period of time
Double Helix
Punctuated Equilibrium
Dihybrid
Mass Extinction
18. Structures in different but related species that are derived from the same ancestral structure but now serve different purposes.
Homologous Structures
Sex Chromosomes
homologous (Evolution Evidence)
genes
19. Cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number of chromosomes. Mitosis involves growth and repair and occurs in the body cells.
Environment
Mitosis
body fossils
Stabilising
20. Natural disaster eliminates most of the population - members left contribute the alleles for the new population.
Petrification
NIche Isolation
Codon
Bottle neck effect
21. The individuals choice of which mate they will choose. The choice is dependant on what traits the individual finds attractive. e.g some people will want their mates to be smart or pretty.
Niche
Mate Selection
Monohybrid
trace fossils
22. Geologic period that followed the Precambrian;means 'ancient life' - early life (570-286 million years ago); single cell organisms - shells - mollusks - rise of first vertebrates - rise of land plants - amphibians - insects - seed plants - and trees
Gene pool
Punctuated Equilibrium
Paleozoic era
polypeptide
23. Used x ray cyrstallography to create an image of DNA
Germ
Rosalind Franklin
Selection
Homologous pair
24. The capacity of an individual of certain genotype to reproduce. It is usually equal to the proportion of the individual's genes in all the genes of the next generation
Natural Selection
Fitness
Deme
Bottleneck Effect
25. Determined the complete double helical structure of DNA
watson and crick
Evo Devo
nucleotide
Mutagen
26. A body cell
Gene frequency
Somatic
Sub - species
Chargaff
27. Predicts the possible outcome of a genetic cross.
Punnett Square
thymine
Substitution
deoxyribonucleic acid
28. Process by which a ribosome uses the code on mRNA to make proteins
translation
Heterozygous
Dihybrid Cross
clinC
29. Earth's history organized into four eras: Precambrian - Paleozoic - Mesozoic - and Cenozoic
Vestigial structure
geologic time scale
transcription
Heterozygous
30. Evolution of the earth - which is hypothesized to have been formed over 4.6 billion years ago.
Geologic Evolution
Mendel's Principle of Segregation
that is complementary to a single strand of DNA
homologous (Evolution Evidence)
31. Reciprocal evolution in two species as a result of the selection pressure each imposes upon the other
Coevolution
Hominid
Comparative embryology
Centromere
32. Threadlike structure within the nucleus containing the genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next
Chromosomes
DNA fingerprint
RNA polymerase
nucleotides
33. Any indirect evidence of life preserved as an impression in rock; trails - footprints - tracks - burrows - and bite marks
Adaptive Radiation
Relative dating
trace fossils
Common Ancestor
34. Features of different species tat are similar in function but not necessarily in structure and in which the similarity is not the result of common ancestry
Gametic
Analogous Structures (analogies)
Ecological Barrier
Species
35. An evolutionary 'branch' and its daughter 'twigs'
cytosine in DNA is about equal to the percentage of guanine molecules
Selection
Clade
Fitness
36. Breeding organisms with specific traits in order to produce offspring with identical traits
Extinction
False RNA
Artificial selection
Sedimentary Rock
37. Is a sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait. This is because the sequence of bases code for certain proteins.
Gene
Allele
body fossils
Gene mutation
38. Transfer RNA; type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome
Gametic
transcription
tRNA
Phylogeny
39. Innate trait; shared ancestry
Guanine
Founder Effect
homologous (Evolution Evidence)
Chargaff
40. Is the genetic makeup of an organism (TT or Tt) ; All the combinations of genes you have for a certain trait.
Genotype
Substitution
Heritable variation
Coevolution
41. A change in the base sequence of DNA; the ultimate source of new alleles
Mutation
Dihybrid
Recombination
Isolating Mechanism
42. A limb with five digits (fingers)
Comparative Anatomy
Dominant
Sexual Selection
Pentadactyl limb
43. Determined the concept of complementary base pairing
Chargaff
Meiosis
False genes
Diploid
44. Group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring
Adaptation
Founder Effect
analogous (Evolution Evidence)
Species
45. When zygote does not complete development or is physically weaker than normal
Hybrid Inviability
Double Helix
Parallel Evolution
Chargaff
46. The movement of individuals into an area
Homologous structures
Mutation
Immigration
ribose - phosphate - and a base
47. A pairing where the parent plants differ in only one character.
Gene mutation
Monohybrid Cross
Analogous structures
transcription
48. Describes the isolation of a physical barrier e.g. body of water (ocean) or mountains
gel electrophoresis
Sex Chromosomes
Geographical Isolation
Heterozygote
49. Deoxyribonucleic acid carries the genetic code for the proper functioning of an organism. It is composed of 5 carbon sugar (deoxyribose) four bases Adenine - Thymine - Cytosine and Guanine. the sugar is bonded to a phosphate group. This forms a long
Analogous Structures (analogies)
Adaptation
DNA
Ice
50. Pea plants
Medel worked with _____
Coevolution
polypeptide
Centromere