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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The reduction of a population - typically by a natural disaster - such that the surviving population is no longer genetically representative of the original population.






2. Relatively rapid proliferation from an ancestral type into new types which fill a diversity of ecological niches






3. Evolution resulting from small specific genetic changes that can lead to a new subspecies






4. Change in allele frequencies as a result of the migration of a small subgroup of a population






5. Any indirect evidence of life preserved as an impression in rock; trails - footprints - tracks - burrows - and bite marks






6. Individual that is heterozygous for two traits; shows the phenotype governed by the dominant alleles but carries the recessive alleles






7. The movement of genes between populations as a result of mating of migration






8. A base found in DNA (but not in RNA). This base pairs with Adenine.






9. A DNA double helix is held together in the center by between nitrogenous bases






10. The movement of individuals into an area






11. How often a particular gene occurs in the population






12. Dna moves during electrophoresis because of...






13. Geologic period that followed the Precambrian;means 'ancient life' - early life (570-286 million years ago); single cell organisms - shells - mollusks - rise of first vertebrates - rise of land plants - amphibians - insects - seed plants - and trees






14. Evolution of living things - based on evidence from the past and present.






15. Populations that can interbreed with neighboring populations but not with populations separated by larger geographical distances






16. Ribosomes are made of...






17. The inherited characteristic often masked by the dominant characteristic and not seen in an organism. e.g. Tt plant will still be tall. Where T is the dominant trait for tall and t is the recessive trait for small.






18. Is a sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait. This is because the sequence of bases code for certain proteins.






19. The signal on a mRNA molecule that designates the end of the coding sequence is called the...






20. Identical alleles for a gene






21. You mate the unknown genotype with an organism showing the recessive trait. If any of the offspring show the recessive trait - the original unknown parent was heterozygous. If no recessive trats show up - the original parent was homozygous.






22. All the genes in a population. genes are added by reproduction and immigration and lost by death and emigration






23. A DNA strand that has the bases CTAATGT forms a complete complementary double helix with






24. Describes a cell - nucleus - or organism that has only one set of unpaired chromosomes






25. Process by which a ribosome uses the code on mRNA to make proteins






26. Deoxyribonucleic acid carries the genetic code for the proper functioning of an organism. It is composed of 5 carbon sugar (deoxyribose) four bases Adenine - Thymine - Cytosine and Guanine. the sugar is bonded to a phosphate group. This forms a long






27. Breeding organisms with specific traits in order to produce offspring with identical traits






28. Science dealing with DNA and protein synthesis of living organisms. Manipulation of DNA.






29. Nucleotides that control which amino acids are added during protein synthesis






30. Recognize and cut DNA at specific sequences usually palindromes






31. Genes contain instructions for assembling






32. Two alternative forms of a gene e.g Tall vs Short






33. The molecules responsible for bringing amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis are






34. Cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number of chromosomes. Mitosis involves growth and repair and occurs in the body cells.






35. The condition in which there is no change in allele frequencies from generation to generation (i.e. no evolution)






36. Condition in which an organism has extra sets of chromosomes






37. Speciation which does not involve a period of geographical separation






38. The region of the chromosome that holds the two sister chromatids together during mitosis






39. A genetic crosses that involve one trait. e.g TT plant crossed with tt plant has offspring who are heterozygous Tt.






40. The banding pattern of a persons DNA after being cut and run on gel is called






41. Organisms with similar functions - but different underlying structure. Example: bird and insect wing. These structures do NOT show a common ancestral link.






42. Cell division that produces reproductive cells or gamates.This occurs in the gonads (testicle and ovaries in animals) Here the chromosome number is halved the original amount. (each new cell has a haploid number = n) All daughter cells are not geneti






43. Group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring






44. A group of organisms of the same species occupying a given area.






45. Process by which individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully; also called survival of the fittest






46. Movement of organisms ro of from a population






47. Reciprocal evolution in two species as a result of the selection pressure each imposes upon the other






48. A combining of genes or characters different from what they were in the parents






49. Evolution of superficial phenotypic similarity of form as a result of similar selection pressures






50. Is a base found in DNA and RNA. This base pairs with Cytosine in DNA