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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. These prevent fertilization between species e.g. diff breeding season - mating behaviour






2. Type of sympatric speciation that occurs when a new species is formed because of a change in microhabitats






3. Is a sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait. This is because the sequence of bases code for certain proteins.






4. Independent segregation of genes during the formation of gametes






5. When zygote does not complete development or is physically weaker than normal






6. Features of different species tat are similar in function but not necessarily in structure and in which the similarity is not the result of common ancestry






7. A type of protein molecule found in the chromosomes of eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic cells






8. Another name for a gene






9. Is a base found in DNA and RNA. In DNA its partner is Thymine. In RNA its partner is Uracil






10. Similar embryological structures in different species - such as gill slits - may demonstrate that these species share a common ancestor.






11. A distinct population of a species that varies from other populations of the same species.






12. Heteros have a phenotype tintertmediate b/t phenotypes of the 2 homoz






13. Era of recent life that began about 66 million years ago and continues today; includes the first appearance Hominids






14. Process by which one species gives rise to two or more species






15. A combining of genes or characters different from what they were in the parents






16. Evolution of superficial phenotypic similarity of form as a result of similar selection pressures






17. Recognize and cut DNA at specific sequences usually palindromes






18. Any preserved remains of an organism from the past. Usually found in sedimentary rock.






19. Shows how the embryos of different groups resemble each other at particular stages. Similarities indicate groups may share a common ancestor






20. To create a recombinant DNA molecule - one would have to first cut two DNAs with creating before pasting them together






21. Is a trait that is more expressed than another trait. Is written in capital letters for Genotype. E.g Tall genotype is TT or Tt where T is the allele for tall trait and t is the trait for small. T will be expressed more.






22. A geographic gradient in the extent to which a character is developed in a species






23. A codon is made of...






24. Individual that is heterozygous for two traits; shows the phenotype governed by the dominant alleles but carries the recessive alleles






25. T or F a codon consist of three nucleotides






26. It means chromosomes are paired. One of each chromosome in a pair originates from the father and one from the mother. They affect the same trait - but don't necessarily cause the same expression of the trait.






27. Chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual. These are X for female and Y for male. The female egg is an X while the male sperm can be X or Y






28. All the genes in a population. genes are added by reproduction and immigration and lost by death and emigration






29. Describes a cell - nucleus - or organism that has only one set of unpaired chromosomes






30. A group of organisms whose members are sufficiently alike to be able to reproduce and produce fertile offspring and who are unable to reproduce with other such groups






31. Two alternative forms of a gene e.g Tall vs Short






32. The adaptive increase in pigmentation as a result of human - induced pollutants






33. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events






34. Organisms with a similar underlying structure - but different function. Example: bird - bat and dolphin 'arm'. Shows a common ancestral link.






35. Separates DNA by size






36. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of one chromosome attaches to a nonhomologous chromosome






37. Situation in which allele frequencies remain constant






38. Movement of organisms ro of from a population






39. When F1 is fully fertile but F2 has low fertility (rice - cotton)






40. You mate the unknown genotype with an organism showing the recessive trait. If any of the offspring show the recessive trait - the original unknown parent was heterozygous. If no recessive trats show up - the original parent was homozygous.






41. The banding pattern of a persons DNA after being cut and run on gel is called






42. Used radioactive sulfur and radioactive phosphorus to determine that DNA is the genetic material - by demonstrating that it is DNA that is injected by bacteriophages into bacterial cells during infection






43. Is found in DNA






44. Geologic period that followed the Precambrian;means 'ancient life' - early life (570-286 million years ago); single cell organisms - shells - mollusks - rise of first vertebrates - rise of land plants - amphibians - insects - seed plants - and trees






45. Evolution resulting from small specific genetic changes that can lead to a new subspecies






46. The preserved remains or traces of an organism that lived in the past






47. How often a particular gene occurs in the population






48. The backbone of DNA consist of...






49. A fossil known to have lived in a particular geologic age that can be used to date the rock layer in which it is found






50. A change in the base sequence of DNA; the ultimate source of new alleles







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