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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A copy of a gene is made during a process called this






2. The study relating the evolution of new charateristics to changes in the genes controlling development






3. An equilibrium in the occurence of two or more different froms within the same population usually caused by different allele combiinations of a gene






4. The signal on a mRNA molecule that designates the end of the coding sequence is called the...






5. A group of organisms of the same species occupying a given area.






6. Another term for pure breeding






7. Used radioactive sulfur and radioactive phosphorus to determine that DNA is the genetic material - by demonstrating that it is DNA that is injected by bacteriophages into bacterial cells during infection






8. Is active during transcription






9. The study of the past and present distribution of species.






10. Condition in which an organism has extra sets of chromosomes






11. Transfer RNA; type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome






12. Recognize and cut DNA at specific sequences usually palindromes






13. The number of times an allele appears in a population






14. Building block of a protein






15. Structures in different but related species that are derived from the same ancestral structure but now serve different purposes.






16. Pea plants






17. Which structure contains anticodons






18. Three mRNA nucleotides that code for a specific amino acid






19. How many codons are needed to specify three amino acids






20. When zygote does not complete development or is physically weaker than normal






21. It means chromosomes are paired. One of each chromosome in a pair originates from the father and one from the mother. They affect the same trait - but don't necessarily cause the same expression of the trait.






22. Speciation preceded by a period of geographical isolation






23. Cell division that produces reproductive cells or gamates.This occurs in the gonads (testicle and ovaries in animals) Here the chromosome number is halved the original amount. (each new cell has a haploid number = n) All daughter cells are not geneti






24. A DNA strand that has the bases CTAATGT forms a complete complementary double helix with






25. The preserved remains or traces of an organism that lived in the past






26. Form of reproductive isolation in which tere are differences in species courtship behavior






27. DNA is made of...






28. The individuals choice of which mate they will choose. The choice is dependant on what traits the individual finds attractive. e.g some people will want their mates to be smart or pretty.






29. Earth's history organized into four eras: Precambrian - Paleozoic - Mesozoic - and Cenozoic






30. A trait that masks the expression of another trait






31. Populations that can interbreed with neighboring populations but not with populations separated by larger geographical distances






32. Messenger RNA; type of RNA that carries instructions from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome






33. Molecules that join together to form DNA and RNA. Monomers that make up a nucleic acid






34. Visual expression of a trait






35. Mutation where an extra base is added






36. Type of sympatric speciation that occurs when a new species is formed because of a change in microhabitats






37. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events






38. Evolution resulting from small specific genetic changes that can lead to a new subspecies






39. Term used to refer to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait. e.g TT is the homozygous genotype for Tall.






40. Change of an organism over time. This can be caused by changes in in habitat or need to adapt for survival.






41. The environmental factors that favour certain phenotypes






42. Breeding organisms with specific traits in order to produce offspring with identical traits






43. A type of protein molecule found in the chromosomes of eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic cells






44. The condition in which there is no change in allele frequencies from generation to generation (i.e. no evolution)






45. Reciprocal evolution in two species as a result of the selection pressure each imposes upon the other






46. Is a trait that is more expressed than another trait. Is written in capital letters for Genotype. E.g Tall genotype is TT or Tt where T is the allele for tall trait and t is the trait for small. T will be expressed more.






47. A geographic gradient in the extent to which a character is developed in a species






48. process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis.






49. A point of overlap of paired chromatids at which fusion and exchange of genetic material (crossing over) occurs during prophase I of meiosis.






50. Individual that is heterozygous for two traits; shows the phenotype governed by the dominant alleles but carries the recessive alleles