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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Layers of compressed sedimentary rock demonstrate the order or sequence at which events occurred. Cannot delineate the exact point of time - but is able to distinguish the order of events.






2. A copy of a gene is made during a process called this






3. A fossil known to have lived in a particular geologic age that can be used to date the rock layer in which it is found






4. Nucleotides that control which amino acids are added during protein synthesis






5. Reciprocal evolution in two species as a result of the selection pressure each imposes upon the other






6. Change of an organism over time. This can be caused by changes in in habitat or need to adapt for survival.






7. Determined the complete double helical structure of DNA






8. Populations that can interbreed with neighboring populations but not with populations separated by larger geographical distances






9. A DNA strand that has the bases CTAATGT forms a complete complementary double helix with






10. Recognize and cut DNA at specific sequences usually palindromes






11. Building block of a nucleic acid (DNA and RNA)






12. Organisms with similar functions - but different underlying structure. Example: bird and insect wing. These structures do NOT show a common ancestral link.






13. All the genes in a population. genes are added by reproduction and immigration and lost by death and emigration






14. Change to a chromosome in which part of the chromosome is repeated






15. An organism that has characteristics resulting from chromosomal alteration. This is a result of crossing over of the chromosomes during Meiosis - mutations and random segregation.






16. A genetic crosses that involve one trait. e.g TT plant crossed with tt plant has offspring who are heterozygous Tt.






17. A change in the base sequence of DNA; the ultimate source of new alleles






18. T or F a codon consist of three nucleotides






19. 2 alleles for a character separate during the formation of gametes - so that each gamete only carriers one allele for each character

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20. Is the genetic makeup of an organism (TT or Tt) ; All the combinations of genes you have for a certain trait.






21. Another term for pure breeding






22. Term used to refer to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait. e.g TT is the homozygous genotype for Tall.






23. Selection against one end of a range of variation - resulting in a progressive change in allele frequency






24. Disappearance of a species from all parts of its geographical range






25. Used radioactive sulfur and radioactive phosphorus to determine that DNA is the genetic material - by demonstrating that it is DNA that is injected by bacteriophages into bacterial cells during infection






26. The independant evolution of similar traits - starting from a similar ancestral condition






27. An episode of large - scale extinction affecting many different groups of organisms within a short period of time






28. Any indirect evidence of life preserved as an impression in rock; trails - footprints - tracks - burrows - and bite marks






29. Is the evolutionary process whereby a population becomes better suited to its habitat






30. Similar embryological structures in different species - such as gill slits - may demonstrate that these species share a common ancestor.






31. The number of times an allele appears in a population






32. The formation of new species as a result of evolution






33. What does DNA stand for...






34. An ancestor that two or more descendants have in common






35. Movement of organisms ro of from a population






36. Any agent that can cause a change in DNA






37. Ribosomal RNA; type of RNA that makes up part of the ribosome






38. Group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring






39. A body cell






40. Deoxyribonucleic acid carries the genetic code for the proper functioning of an organism. It is composed of 5 carbon sugar (deoxyribose) four bases Adenine - Thymine - Cytosine and Guanine. the sugar is bonded to a phosphate group. This forms a long






41. A combining of genes or characters different from what they were in the parents






42. Process by which a ribosome uses the code on mRNA to make proteins






43. Process by which an organism is slowly turned to stone as the body is replaced by minerals.






44. Movement of alleles into or out of a population due to the migration of individuals to or from the population






45. Proteins are made of...






46. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of one chromosome attaches to a nonhomologous chromosome






47. You mate the unknown genotype with an organism showing the recessive trait. If any of the offspring show the recessive trait - the original unknown parent was heterozygous. If no recessive trats show up - the original parent was homozygous.






48. These prevent fertilization between species e.g. diff breeding season - mating behaviour






49. Evolution resulting from small specific genetic changes that can lead to a new subspecies






50. It means chromosomes are paired. One of each chromosome in a pair originates from the father and one from the mother. They affect the same trait - but don't necessarily cause the same expression of the trait.