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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Ribosomal RNA; type of RNA that makes up part of the ribosome






2. Middle life (245-144 million years ago); rise of mammals and dinosaurs; the rise of birds; extinction of dinosaurs - rise of flowering plants






3. Form of reproductive isolation in which tere are differences in species courtship behavior






4. Natural disaster eliminates most of the population - members left contribute the alleles for the new population.






5. Even if the gametes of the two species meet - fertilization does not occur






6. Used radioactive sulfur and radioactive phosphorus to determine that DNA is the genetic material - by demonstrating that it is DNA that is injected by bacteriophages into bacterial cells during infection






7. Group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area






8. Mutation where an extra base is added






9. Form of reproductive isolation in which two populations reproduce at different times






10. A change in the base sequence of a gene






11. Disappearance of a species from all parts of its geographical range






12. A process where the organisms that have traits that aid in its survival (adaptive traits) will reproduce to pass that trait to futher generations thus increasing the frequency of that trait in the population. Vice versa traits that reduce the chance






13. Trait evolves overtime; NO common ancestry






14. When F1 is fully fertile but F2 has low fertility (rice - cotton)






15. It means chromosomes are paired. One of each chromosome in a pair originates from the father and one from the mother. They affect the same trait - but don't necessarily cause the same expression of the trait.






16. A limb with five digits (fingers)






17. Method of replication that implies that each new strand of DNA is half original and half new






18. Closely related species occupying different habitats - niches preventing them from interbreeding






19. All the factors in an organism's surroundings that can potentially affect it






20. Similar DNA sequences or protein structures (such as hemoglobin) may link different species to a similar ancestor.






21. Identical alleles for a gene






22. The structure on a tRNA molecule that allows it interact with an mRNA molecule






23. The study of the structures of different organisms - looking at homologous parts






24. Found only in that country






25. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of one chromosome attaches to a nonhomologous chromosome






26. Which type of Rna functions as a blue print of the genetic code






27. Independent segregation of genes during the formation of gametes






28. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of the chromosome is removed






29. An equilibrium in the occurence of two or more different froms within the same population usually caused by different allele combiinations of a gene






30. Heteros have a phenotype tintertmediate b/t phenotypes of the 2 homoz






31. Uses metamorphic or igneous rock - calculates the age of an object by assessing the amount of radioactive element still present in the organism. Radioactive elements are slowly lost over time because of decay.






32. Is active during transcription






33. Evolution resulting from small specific genetic changes that can lead to a new subspecies






34. A point of overlap of paired chromatids at which fusion and exchange of genetic material (crossing over) occurs during prophase I of meiosis.






35. Is a sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait. This is because the sequence of bases code for certain proteins.






36. An organism that has characteristics resulting from chromosomal alteration. This is a result of crossing over of the chromosomes during Meiosis - mutations and random segregation.






37. These prevent fertilization between species e.g. diff breeding season - mating behaviour






38. Cross where you cross unknown genotype with a recessive






39. Speciation preceded by a period of geographical isolation






40. Mating of 2 oism that differ in 2 characters






41. Structure present in an organism however does NOT have a known function. May link organisms with similar vestigial structures. Example: appendix - coccyx bone - whale leg bones.






42. The reduction of a population - typically by a natural disaster - such that the surviving population is no longer genetically representative of the original population.






43. Periods of little adaptive change






44. The specific location of a gene on a chromosome






45. Selection against one end of a range of variation - resulting in a progressive change in allele frequency






46. Movement of organisms ro of from a population






47. Deoxyribonucleic acid carries the genetic code for the proper functioning of an organism. It is composed of 5 carbon sugar (deoxyribose) four bases Adenine - Thymine - Cytosine and Guanine. the sugar is bonded to a phosphate group. This forms a long






48. A distinct population of a species that varies from other populations of the same species.






49. When a few individuals become isolated from a larger population - this smaller group may establish a new population whose gene pool is different from their source population.






50. Is the evolutionary process whereby a population becomes better suited to its habitat







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