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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Genetics And Evolution
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Subjects
:
cset
,
science
,
genetics
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A process where the organisms that have traits that aid in its survival (adaptive traits) will reproduce to pass that trait to futher generations thus increasing the frequency of that trait in the population. Vice versa traits that reduce the chance
Adaptive Radiation
Homozygote
Natural Selection
Genome
2. Used radioactive sulfur and radioactive phosphorus to determine that DNA is the genetic material - by demonstrating that it is DNA that is injected by bacteriophages into bacterial cells during infection
vestigial (Evolution Evidence)
thymine
Hershey and Chase
clinC
3. Change in allele frequencies as a result of the migration of a small subgroup of a population
Heterozygous
Deme
Precambrian era
Founder Effect
4. A base found in DNA (but not in RNA). This base pairs with Adenine.
Gene flow
Founder effect
Thymine
Recessive
5. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events
Analogous structures
Geographical Isolation
Deletion
Genetic Drift
6. An organism that has characteristics resulting from chromosomal alteration. This is a result of crossing over of the chromosomes during Meiosis - mutations and random segregation.
Analogous Features
Variation
Ring Species
stop codon
7. You mate the unknown genotype with an organism showing the recessive trait. If any of the offspring show the recessive trait - the original unknown parent was heterozygous. If no recessive trats show up - the original parent was homozygous.
Chargaff
deoxyribonucleic acid
Test Cross
Directional Selection
8. Chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual. These are X for female and Y for male. The female egg is an X while the male sperm can be X or Y
Gene frequency
Homologous pair
analogous (Evolution Evidence)
Sex Chromosomes
9. Which structure contains anticodons
molecular evidence
Temporal Isolation
Duplication
tRNA
10. The inherited characteristic often masked by the dominant characteristic and not seen in an organism. e.g. Tt plant will still be tall. Where T is the dominant trait for tall and t is the recessive trait for small.
Recessive
hydrogen bonds
Somatic
Adenine
11. Cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number of chromosomes. Mitosis involves growth and repair and occurs in the body cells.
3 nucleotides
Macroevolution
that is complementary to a single strand of DNA
Mitosis
12. Is the evolutionary process whereby a population becomes better suited to its habitat
Selection pressure
Incomplete Dominance
Adaptation
Genetic Equilibrium
13. The adaptive increase in pigmentation as a result of human - induced pollutants
Coevolution
Duplication
Chromatid
Industrial Melanism
14. Embryos of similar organisms have very similar early development indicating similar DNA at work
Comparative anatomy
Comparative Embryology
Chromatid
Deme
15. The environmental factors that favour certain phenotypes
its negative charge
Evolution
Selection pressure
transcription
16. Science dealing with DNA and protein synthesis of living organisms. Manipulation of DNA.
Molecular biology
tRNA
Pre -zygotic Mechanisms
Variation
17. Inherited feature that tends to prevent species from interbreeding with other species
Isolating Mechanism
homologous (Evolution Evidence)
Biogeography
Industrial Melanism
18. Translation occurs in the...
Autosomes
translation
Sedimentary Rock
cytoplasm
19. The study of the structures of different organisms - looking at homologous parts
Post -zygotic Mechanisms
Comparative Anatomy
Coevolution
Variation
20. DNA that is coiled around proteins
Species
Gene pool
chromatin
Heterozygous
21. The enzyme that binds to the promoter region of a gene during transcription is called...
RNA polymerase
Comparative anatomy
The cell uses information from mRNA to produce proteins
Insertion
22. Form of reproductive isolation in which tere are differences in species courtship behavior
RNA polymerase
Behavioral (ethological) Isolation
Somatic
rRNA
23. T or F If a nucleic acid contain uracil it is DNA
False RNA
Heterozygous
Cenozoic era
Stabilising
24. The structure on a tRNA molecule that allows it interact with an mRNA molecule
Polyploidy
Dominant
anticodon
Homozygous
25. Gene
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26. The independant evolution of similar traits - starting from a similar ancestral condition
Parallel Evolution
hydrogen bonds
Vestigial structure
Absolute dating
27. Messenger RNA; type of RNA that carries instructions from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome
Evo Devo
Petrification
mRNA
Vestigial organs
28. Identical alleles for a gene
RNA polymerase
Deletion
transcription
Homozygote
29. Three dimensional shape of organism made from a mold. May be created with plaster or over time with minerals.
genes
homologous (Evolution Evidence)
Recessive
Cast
30. Which type of Rna functions as a blue print of the genetic code
genes
Coevolution
3 nucleotides
mRNA
31. Found only in that country
Phylogeny
Migration
Analogous Structures (analogies)
Endemic
32. 2 alleles for a character separate during the formation of gametes - so that each gamete only carriers one allele for each character
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33. All the genes in a population. genes are added by reproduction and immigration and lost by death and emigration
Population
Alleles
Gene Pool
Temporal Isolation
34. Reciprocal evolution in two species as a result of the selection pressure each imposes upon the other
Allele
Vestigial structure
Coevolution
anticodon
35. Is a base found in DNA and RNA. In DNA its partner is Thymine. In RNA its partner is Uracil
Monohybrid
chromatin
Adenine
Sex Chromosomes
36. Is a base found in DNA and RNA. Cytosine pairs with Guanine in DNA
Medel worked with _____
embryological evidence
Cytosine
Gene
37. Process by which one species gives rise to two or more species
Ecological Barrier
Speciation
Fitness
amino acids
38. Proteins are made of...
amino acids
restriction enzyme
tRNA
Dominant
39. Impression made from a organism in soft material such as sand or mud.
Mold
Niche
tRNA
Allele
40. How often a form of a gene appears in a gene pool
Heterozygous
polypeptide
Nucleotide
Allele Frequency
41. Mating of an individual of unknown genotype but dominant phenotype w/ a homozygous recessive individual
mRNA
Testcross
DNA fingerprint
nucleotides
42. One of the types of fossils made from hardened tree resin. Preserves both hard and soft parts.
mRNA
Crossing over
Amber
Ecological Barrier
43. Selection acting against the middle of a range of variation
Disruptive Selection
Homozygous
Monophyletic
Gene frequency
44. The movement of individuals into an area
Immigration
Comparative anatomy
Phyletic Gradualism (anagenesis)
Double Helix
45. The capacity of an individual of certain genotype to reproduce. It is usually equal to the proportion of the individual's genes in all the genes of the next generation
Common Ancestor
rRNA
Mendel's Principle of Segregation
Fitness
46. Form of reproductive isolation in which structural differences in the anatomy of reproductive organs prevent sperm transfer between individuals of different species
Rosalind Franklin
Sub - species
Mechanical (morphological) Isolation
gel electrophoresis
47. How often a particular gene occurs in the population
Allele Frequency
Hybrid Inviability
that is complementary to a single strand of DNA
Gene frequency
48. Cross where you cross unknown genotype with a recessive
Dominant
Test Cross
body fossils
Behavioral (ethological) Isolation
49. Visual expression of a trait
Biogeography
Sexual Selection
Phenotype
Precambrian era
50. Process by which individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully; also called survival of the fittest
Balanced Polymorphism
Heterozygous
Heritable variation
Natural Selection
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