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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Genetics And Evolution
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
,
genetics
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Process by which individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully; also called survival of the fittest
Gene
Reproductive Isolation
Rosalind Franklin
Natural Selection
2. Change of an organism over time. This can be caused by changes in in habitat or need to adapt for survival.
Cast
amino acids
Evolution
Mutation
3. What happens during the process of translation
The cell uses information from mRNA to produce proteins
Phenotype
restriction enzymes - sticky ends
Heterozygote
4. It is the time from when the Earth formed and simple life - forms evolved (and it is the longest era)
genes
Precambrian era
embryological evidence
nucleotide
5. Embryos of similar organisms have very similar early development indicating similar DNA at work
NIche Isolation
Comparative Embryology
proteins
watson and crick
6. Describes a cell - nucleus - or organism that has only one set of unpaired chromosomes
codon
Haploid/Monoploid
thymine
Analogous Structures (analogies)
7. The movement of individuals into an area
Recessive
Immigration
codon
Test Cross
8. Ribosomes are made of...
Recessive
rRNA
polypeptide
Coevolution
9. Because of base pairing in DNA the amount of
cytosine in DNA is about equal to the percentage of guanine molecules
Bottleneck Effect
tRNA
homologous (Evolution Evidence)
10. Used radioactive sulfur and radioactive phosphorus to determine that DNA is the genetic material - by demonstrating that it is DNA that is injected by bacteriophages into bacterial cells during infection
Comparative anatomy
Hershey and Chase
Stabilising selection
Heterozygote
11. Era of recent life that began about 66 million years ago and continues today; includes the first appearance Hominids
Vestigial organs
Cenozoic era
cytosine in DNA is about equal to the percentage of guanine molecules
Histone
12. A DNA double helix is held together in the center by between nitrogenous bases
hydrogen bonds
geologic time scale
Natural Selection
Germ
13. Deoxyribonucleic acid carries the genetic code for the proper functioning of an organism. It is composed of 5 carbon sugar (deoxyribose) four bases Adenine - Thymine - Cytosine and Guanine. the sugar is bonded to a phosphate group. This forms a long
Genetic Equilibrium
DNA
Mendel's Principle of Segregation
Directional Selection
14. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of one chromosome attaches to a nonhomologous chromosome
Vestigial structure
clinC
Biogeography
Translocation
15. 2 alleles for a character separate during the formation of gametes - so that each gamete only carriers one allele for each character
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16. A distinct population of a species that varies from other populations of the same species.
Natural Selection
Punctuated Equilibrium
Amber
Sub - species
17. One of the identical rods of a chromosome.
Chromatid
Analogous structures
Homologous structures
Petrification
18. A type of natural selection in which genetic diversity decreases as the population stabilises on a particular trait value
Crossing over
Ring Species
Absolute dating
Stabilising selection
19. You mate the unknown genotype with an organism showing the recessive trait. If any of the offspring show the recessive trait - the original unknown parent was heterozygous. If no recessive trats show up - the original parent was homozygous.
Test Cross
Cytosine
Mendel's Principle of Segregation
Pre -zygotic Mechanisms
20. Transfer RNA; type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome
Speciation
tRNA
Adaptation
body fossils
21. How many codons are needed to specify three amino acids
Genotype
Allopatric Speciation
Genetic Equilibrium
three
22. Translation occurs in the...
Comparative anatomy
cytoplasm
Fitness
Founder effect
23. Group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area
Vestigial organs
Speciation
Population
Gene frequency
24. Periods of little adaptive change
Stasis
RNA polymerase
3 nucleotides
Thymine
25. Layers of compressed sedimentary rock demonstrate the order or sequence at which events occurred. Cannot delineate the exact point of time - but is able to distinguish the order of events.
Relative dating
Sexual Selection
Medel worked with _____
deoxyribonucleic acid
26. Evolution of the earth - which is hypothesized to have been formed over 4.6 billion years ago.
Evo Devo
Hershey and Chase
Analogous Structures (analogies)
Geologic Evolution
27. Mutation where an extra base is added
Sequential Evolution
Natural Selection
Post -zygotic Mechanisms
Insertion
28. Any preserved remains of an organism from the past. Usually found in sedimentary rock.
Character Displacement
Stabilising selection
Fossils
Comparative Embryology
29. Selection against one end of a range of variation - resulting in a progressive change in allele frequency
true
Hybrid Infertility
Directional Selection
Ring Species
30. Disappearance of a species from all parts of its geographical range
Parallel Evolution
Heterozygous
Extinction
translation
31. Shows how the embryos of different groups resemble each other at particular stages. Similarities indicate groups may share a common ancestor
Analogous Structures (analogies)
chromatin
vestigial (Evolution Evidence)
Comparative embryology
32. Three mRNA nucleotides that code for a specific amino acid
Mutation
codon
Dihybrid Cross
Chargaff
33. A process that results in an allele having a different probability of remaining in the gene pool compared with that of another allele
Diploid
Speciation
anticodon
Selection
34. Trait evolves overtime; NO common ancestry
Sequential Evolution
analogous (Evolution Evidence)
Sex Chromosomes
Chromatid
35. Process by which an organism is slowly turned to stone as the body is replaced by minerals.
Nucleotide
Petrification
cytoplasm
thymine
36. Is found in DNA
Genotype
rRNA
thymine
three
37. A point of overlap of paired chromatids at which fusion and exchange of genetic material (crossing over) occurs during prophase I of meiosis.
Chiasma
mutation
amino acid
Homozygote
38. Is a base found in DNA and RNA. In DNA its partner is Thymine. In RNA its partner is Uracil
cytosine in DNA is about equal to the percentage of guanine molecules
Chargaff
Mold
Adenine
39. Any indirect evidence of life preserved as an impression in rock; trails - footprints - tracks - burrows - and bite marks
Sympatric Speciation
Genetic Equilibrium
trace fossils
that is complementary to a single strand of DNA
40. A type of protein molecule found in the chromosomes of eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic cells
NIche Isolation
Stabilising selection
Histone
Genome
41. Building block of a nucleic acid (DNA and RNA)
Chargaff
Organic Evolution
gel electrophoresis
nucleotide
42. Name for oism with one dominant and one recessive allele
Fitness
Heterozygous
Mass Extinction
Amber
43. Is any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome.
Absolute dating
Autosomes
Adaptive Radiation
Locus
44. Selection acting against the extremes of a range of variation - resulting in resistance to change in allele frequencies
Species
Stabilising
Deletion
amino acids
45. Earth's history organized into four eras: Precambrian - Paleozoic - Mesozoic - and Cenozoic
genes
Mitosis
Hybrid Breakdown
geologic time scale
46. Independent segregation of genes during the formation of gametes
Independent assortment
Pre -zygotic Mechanisms
proteins
index fossil
47. A model for the evolution of different froms over a long period of time but with only slight chchanges occring between successive generations
Phyletic Gradualism (anagenesis)
deoxyribose and phosphate
Thymine
anticodon
48. Form of reproductive isolation in which structural differences in the anatomy of reproductive organs prevent sperm transfer between individuals of different species
Mechanical (morphological) Isolation
Speciation
ribose - phosphate - and a base
Medel worked with _____
49. Selection for the ability to obtain a mate
Sexual Selection
Genetic Equilibrium
Comparative embryology
Hominid
50. When zygote does not complete development or is physically weaker than normal
Relative dating
Deme
Pentadactyl limb
Hybrid Inviability