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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. One of the identical rods of a chromosome.






2. Middle life (245-144 million years ago); rise of mammals and dinosaurs; the rise of birds; extinction of dinosaurs - rise of flowering plants






3. Earth's history organized into four eras: Precambrian - Paleozoic - Mesozoic - and Cenozoic






4. A small simple structure (as a fertilized egg) from which new tissue can develop into a complete organism. It is also a cell






5. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events






6. The study of the structures of different organisms - looking at homologous parts






7. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of one chromosome attaches to a nonhomologous chromosome






8. Embryos of similar organisms have very similar early development indicating similar DNA at work






9. Is a trait that is more expressed than another trait. Is written in capital letters for Genotype. E.g Tall genotype is TT or Tt where T is the allele for tall trait and t is the trait for small. T will be expressed more.






10. A model for the evolution of different froms over a long period of time but with only slight chchanges occring between successive generations






11. Populations that can interbreed with neighboring populations but not with populations separated by larger geographical distances






12. Closely related species occupying different habitats - niches preventing them from interbreeding






13. shape of a DNA molecule formed when two twisted DNA strands are coiled into a springlike structure and held together by hydrogen bonds between the bases.






14. A taxon originating from and including a single common ancestor






15. Any agent that can cause a change in DNA






16. What does DNA stand for...






17. All the genes in a population. genes are added by reproduction and immigration and lost by death and emigration






18. Describes the isolation of a physical barrier e.g. body of water (ocean) or mountains






19. An equilibrium in the occurence of two or more different froms within the same population usually caused by different allele combiinations of a gene






20. Dna moves during electrophoresis because of...






21. Consists of all genes - including all the different alleles - that are present in a population






22. A geographic gradient in the extent to which a character is developed in a species






23. During transcription an RNA molecule is formed






24. The condition in which there is no change in allele frequencies from generation to generation (i.e. no evolution)






25. Is a base found in DNA and RNA. In DNA its partner is Thymine. In RNA its partner is Uracil






26. A group of organisms of the same species occupying a given area.






27. One of the types of fossils made from hardened tree resin. Preserves both hard and soft parts.






28. Three mRNA nucleotides that code for a specific amino acid






29. Is any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome.






30. Organ that serves no useful function in an organism






31. Features of different species tat are similar in function but not necessarily in structure and in which the similarity is not the result of common ancestry






32. The individuals choice of which mate they will choose. The choice is dependant on what traits the individual finds attractive. e.g some people will want their mates to be smart or pretty.






33. Science dealing with DNA and protein synthesis of living organisms. Manipulation of DNA.






34. Evolution resulting from small specific genetic changes that can lead to a new subspecies






35. A process where the organisms that have traits that aid in its survival (adaptive traits) will reproduce to pass that trait to futher generations thus increasing the frequency of that trait in the population. Vice versa traits that reduce the chance






36. Is a sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait. This is because the sequence of bases code for certain proteins.






37. Organism is preserved at very low temperatures. Preservation of both hard and soft parts can occur.






38. Hybrid is sterile so biologically unfit






39. Periods of rapid evolution punctuated by periods of little change






40. Ribosomes are made of...






41. Mating of 2 oism that differ in 2 characters






42. Change in a DNA sequence that affects genetic information






43. A group of organisms whose members are sufficiently alike to be able to reproduce and produce fertile offspring and who are unable to reproduce with other such groups






44. Another name for a gene






45. T or F A cloned organism has the same proteins as another organism






46. The environmental factors that favour certain phenotypes






47. A unique combination of traits that are passed down from one generation to another.






48. The region of the chromosome that holds the two sister chromatids together during mitosis






49. Mutation where an extra base is added






50. Genes contain instructions for assembling







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