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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Genetics And Evolution
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
,
genetics
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Condition in which an organism has extra sets of chromosomes
Fitness
Mechanical (morphological) Isolation
tRNA
Polyploidy
2. It means chromosomes are paired. One of each chromosome in a pair originates from the father and one from the mother. They affect the same trait - but don't necessarily cause the same expression of the trait.
tRNA
Homologous pair
Organic Evolution
Mitosis
3. Used radioactive sulfur and radioactive phosphorus to determine that DNA is the genetic material - by demonstrating that it is DNA that is injected by bacteriophages into bacterial cells during infection
rRNA
Hershey and Chase
molecular evidence
Migration
4. Describes the existence of a prezygotic reproductive barrier between two species as a result of them occupying or breeding in different habitats within the same general geographical area
Gene frequency
Petrification
Cenozoic era
Ecological (habitat) Isolation
5. Innate trait; shared ancestry
Comparative anatomy
homologous (Evolution Evidence)
Cytosine
Hominid
6. Process by which an organism is slowly turned to stone as the body is replaced by minerals.
Petrification
Molecular biology
Microevolution
Coevolution
7. The region of the chromosome that holds the two sister chromatids together during mitosis
Mitosis
Centromere
index fossil
replication
8. A body cell
Microevolution
Somatic
Dominant
Gene pool
9. Shows how the embryos of different groups resemble each other at particular stages. Similarities indicate groups may share a common ancestor
Comparative embryology
Ecological Barrier
its negative charge
Hybrid Infertility
10. Identical alleles for a gene
Natural Selection
Homologous pair
Species
Homozygote
11. Predicts the possible outcome of a genetic cross.
Geographical Isolation
Migration
Niche
Punnett Square
12. Features of different species tat are similar in function but not necessarily in structure and in which the similarity is not the result of common ancestry
Analogous Structures (analogies)
Gene
Translocation
Microevolution
13. 2 alleles for a character separate during the formation of gametes - so that each gamete only carriers one allele for each character
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14. Transfer RNA; type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome
Diploid
mutation
tRNA
Igneous and metamorphic rock
15. Group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area
Heritable variation
Population
thymine
replication
16. The environmental factors that favour certain phenotypes
deoxyribose and phosphate
Petrification
Selection pressure
Codon
17. When F1 is fully fertile but F2 has low fertility (rice - cotton)
Phylogeny
restriction enzymes - sticky ends
Hybrid Breakdown
Gametic
18. Inherited feature that tends to prevent species from interbreeding with other species
Double Helix
Isolating Mechanism
rRNA
Phenotype
19. A type of natural selection in which genetic diversity decreases as the population stabilises on a particular trait value
Phylogeny
Stabilising selection
Adenine
Genetic Drift
20. Separates DNA by size
gel electrophoresis
Adaptive Radiation
homologous (Evolution Evidence)
Gametic
21. The reduction of a population - typically by a natural disaster - such that the surviving population is no longer genetically representative of the original population.
Bottleneck Effect
Immigration
Heterozygous
Analogous Features
22. T or F If a nucleic acid contain uracil it is DNA
Heterozygous
False RNA
Gene Flow
Punnett Square
23. The preserved remains or traces of an organism that lived in the past
Deme
introns
Fossil
thymine
24. Era of recent life that began about 66 million years ago and continues today; includes the first appearance Hominids
Bottle neck effect
Recombination
Stabilising
Cenozoic era
25. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of one chromosome attaches to a nonhomologous chromosome
Mate Selection
geologic time scale
Translocation
homologous (Evolution Evidence)
26. Dna moves during electrophoresis because of...
Pre -zygotic Mechanisms
index fossil
its negative charge
Niche
27. Organ that serves no useful function in an organism
Vestigial organs
Homozygous
body fossils
Genetic Drift
28. A DNA strand that has the bases CTAATGT forms a complete complementary double helix with
GATTACA
Hybrid
Population
Species
29. An episode of large - scale extinction affecting many different groups of organisms within a short period of time
Mass Extinction
Insertion
Mate Selection
Population
30. Determined the complete double helical structure of DNA
watson and crick
Heterozygote
codon
Haploid/Monoploid
31. When chromosome is changed by radiation and chemicals - results a permanent structural change in the chromosome - which will no longer be able to pair with its homologous pair. Eg - deletion - duplication - inversion and translocation.
Chromosome mutation
codon
Divergent Evolution
Absolute dating
32. Science dealing with DNA and protein synthesis of living organisms. Manipulation of DNA.
Coevolution
Molecular biology
Deme
nucleotides
33. The offspring of a cross between two inbred lines within a single species. May also refer to the offspring of across between two species
Cenozoic era
Locus
Hybrid
Genetic Equilibrium
34. Uses metamorphic or igneous rock - calculates the age of an object by assessing the amount of radioactive element still present in the organism. Radioactive elements are slowly lost over time because of decay.
Alleles
Absolute dating
proteins
clinC
35. A type of barrier between species; the species remain isolated because male and femal gametes of the different species cannot fuse - or they die before they unite.
Stabilising
Gametic
Adaptation
3 nucleotides
36. Molecules that join together to form DNA and RNA. Monomers that make up a nucleic acid
Nucleotide
tRNA
Precambrian era
Allele Frequency
37. Form of reproductive isolation in which two populations reproduce at different times
Temporal Isolation
Heritable variation
Recombination
Ecological (habitat) Isolation
38. Consists of all genes - including all the different alleles - that are present in a population
Germ
Gene pool
Amber
Substitution
39. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events
Speciation
Mate Selection
Homologous Structures
Genetic Drift
40. Organisms with similar functions - but different underlying structure. Example: bird and insect wing. These structures do NOT show a common ancestral link.
replication
Analogous structures
Cast
translation
41. Organ no longer serves a function
Cast
vestigial (Evolution Evidence)
molecular evidence
Chargaff
42. The enzyme that binds to the promoter region of a gene during transcription is called...
Vestigial organs
homologous (Evolution Evidence)
Histone
RNA polymerase
43. An organism that has characteristics resulting from chromosomal alteration. This is a result of crossing over of the chromosomes during Meiosis - mutations and random segregation.
Habitat
Phenotype
Hybrid Breakdown
Variation
44. Organism is preserved at very low temperatures. Preservation of both hard and soft parts can occur.
Heterozygote
Convergent Evolution
Ice
Stasis
45. Geologic period that followed the Precambrian;means 'ancient life' - early life (570-286 million years ago); single cell organisms - shells - mollusks - rise of first vertebrates - rise of land plants - amphibians - insects - seed plants - and trees
Paleozoic era
Gene flow
Mass Extinction
trace fossils
46. Process by which a ribosome uses the code on mRNA to make proteins
Relative dating
Hybrid
translation
Ring Species
47. process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis.
cytoplasm
Crossing over
Meiosis
Mendel's traits are now called _____ found on DNA
48. Movement of organisms ro of from a population
Duplication
Migration
Centromere
rRNA
49. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events
Genetic Drift
Substitution
Deletion
Mass Extinction
50. Is a base found in DNA and RNA. In DNA its partner is Thymine. In RNA its partner is Uracil
Stasis
Fitness
transcription
Adenine