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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An episode of large - scale extinction affecting many different groups of organisms within a short period of time






2. A mutation in which one nucleotide is replaced by another nucleotide






3. Different alleles for a gene






4. The signal on a mRNA molecule that designates the end of the coding sequence is called the...






5. Embryos of similar organisms have very similar early development indicating similar DNA at work






6. Organisms with a similar underlying structure - but different function. Example: bird - bat and dolphin 'arm'. Shows a common ancestral link.






7. Term used to refer to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait. e.g TT is the homozygous genotype for Tall.






8. How many codons are needed to specify three amino acids






9. Copying the code from DNA onto mRNA






10. Cross where you cross unknown genotype with a recessive






11. Any indirect evidence of life preserved as an impression in rock; trails - footprints - tracks - burrows - and bite marks






12. Transfer RNA; type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome






13. The study relating the evolution of new charateristics to changes in the genes controlling development






14. What is one benefit for having two strands of DNA?






15. Types of rocks formed after exposure to very high heat. Because of the high temperatures - fossils are not able to be recovered from these types of rocks. Absolute or radioactive dating is possible - however.






16. Deoxyribonucleic acid carries the genetic code for the proper functioning of an organism. It is composed of 5 carbon sugar (deoxyribose) four bases Adenine - Thymine - Cytosine and Guanine. the sugar is bonded to a phosphate group. This forms a long






17. Chromosomes are collections of many






18. Identical alleles for a gene






19. Type of rock made from small pieces of other rocks and organisms pressed together. Source of fossil preservation. Limited radioactive or absolute dating potential.






20. The comparison of the structures of different organisms






21. Evolution of superficial phenotypic similarity of form as a result of similar selection pressures






22. Change to a chromosome in which part of the chromosome is repeated






23. Separates DNA by size






24. Era of recent life that began about 66 million years ago and continues today; includes the first appearance Hominids






25. Process by which an organism is slowly turned to stone as the body is replaced by minerals.






26. Organ no longer serves a function






27. The condition in which there is no change in allele frequencies from generation to generation (i.e. no evolution)






28. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of one chromosome attaches to a nonhomologous chromosome






29. Mutation where an extra base is added






30. A fossil known to have lived in a particular geologic age that can be used to date the rock layer in which it is found






31. Independent segregation of genes during the formation of gametes






32. Recognize and cut DNA at specific sequences usually palindromes






33. The type of environment in which an organism or group normally lives or occurs






34. A type of natural selection in which genetic diversity decreases as the population stabilises on a particular trait value






35. Because of base pairing in DNA the amount of






36. Synonym for protein; chain of amino acids






37. Inherited feature that tends to prevent species from interbreeding with other species






38. When competition causes two closely related species to become more different in regions where their ranges overlap






39. Cell division that produces reproductive cells or gamates.This occurs in the gonads (testicle and ovaries in animals) Here the chromosome number is halved the original amount. (each new cell has a haploid number = n) All daughter cells are not geneti






40. Middle life (245-144 million years ago); rise of mammals and dinosaurs; the rise of birds; extinction of dinosaurs - rise of flowering plants






41. Structures in different but related species that are derived from the same ancestral structure but now serve different purposes.






42. Evolution of living things - based on evidence from the past and present.






43. Visual expression of a trait






44. Is a base found in DNA and RNA. In DNA its partner is Thymine. In RNA its partner is Uracil






45. Threadlike structure within the nucleus containing the genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next






46. Mating of an individual of unknown genotype but dominant phenotype w/ a homozygous recessive individual






47. The backbone of DNA consist of...






48. The study of the structures of different organisms - looking at homologous parts






49. Another name for a gene






50. The independant evolution of similar traits - starting from a similar ancestral condition