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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual. These are X for female and Y for male. The female egg is an X while the male sperm can be X or Y






2. Method of replication that implies that each new strand of DNA is half original and half new






3. Of a cell or organism having two sets of homologous chromosomes or twice the haploid number






4. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events






5. Determined the concept of complementary base pairing






6. The movement of genes between populations as a result of mating of migration






7. Populations that can interbreed with neighboring populations but not with populations separated by larger geographical distances






8. The structure on a tRNA molecule that allows it interact with an mRNA molecule






9. The environmental factors that favour certain phenotypes






10. Building block of a protein






11. A taxon originating from and including a single common ancestor






12. A mutation in which one nucleotide is replaced by another nucleotide






13. Is a trait that is more expressed than another trait. Is written in capital letters for Genotype. E.g Tall genotype is TT or Tt where T is the allele for tall trait and t is the trait for small. T will be expressed more.






14. Closely related species occupying different habitats - niches preventing them from interbreeding






15. A distinct population of a species that varies from other populations of the same species.






16. The evolutionary process by which a species becomes better suited to its niche.






17. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of one chromosome attaches to a nonhomologous chromosome






18. Speciation preceded by a period of geographical isolation






19. Group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring






20. A pairing where the parent plants differ in only one character.






21. Separation of species or populations so that they cannot interbreed and produce fertile offspring






22. Ribosomes are made of...






23. Form of reproductive isolation in which two populations reproduce at different times






24. Any indirect evidence of life preserved as an impression in rock; trails - footprints - tracks - burrows - and bite marks






25. Gene

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26. Identical alleles for a gene






27. Shows how the embryos of different groups resemble each other at particular stages. Similarities indicate groups may share a common ancestor






28. Reciprocal evolution in two species as a result of the selection pressure each imposes upon the other






29. A DNA strand that has the bases CTAATGT forms a complete complementary double helix with






30. You mate the unknown genotype with an organism showing the recessive trait. If any of the offspring show the recessive trait - the original unknown parent was heterozygous. If no recessive trats show up - the original parent was homozygous.






31. Change in a DNA sequence that affects genetic information






32. Mating of an individual of unknown genotype but dominant phenotype w/ a homozygous recessive individual






33. Messenger RNA; type of RNA that carries instructions from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome






34. When zygote does not complete development or is physically weaker than normal






35. Describes the isolation of a physical barrier e.g. body of water (ocean) or mountains






36. All the factors in an organism's surroundings that can potentially affect it






37. Mating of 2 oism that differ in 2 characters






38. Earth's history organized into four eras: Precambrian - Paleozoic - Mesozoic - and Cenozoic






39. Types of rocks formed after exposure to very high heat. Because of the high temperatures - fossils are not able to be recovered from these types of rocks. Absolute or radioactive dating is possible - however.






40. Type of rock made from small pieces of other rocks and organisms pressed together. Source of fossil preservation. Limited radioactive or absolute dating potential.






41. Term used to refer to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait. e.g TT is the homozygous genotype for Tall.






42. A change or error in the DNA sequence






43. T or F If a nucleic acid contain uracil it is DNA






44. Speciation which does not involve a period of geographical separation






45. 2 alleles for a character separate during the formation of gametes - so that each gamete only carriers one allele for each character

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46. Organisms with similar functions - but different underlying structure. Example: bird and insect wing. These structures do NOT show a common ancestral link.






47. The movement of individuals into an area






48. Natural disaster eliminates most of the population - members left contribute the alleles for the new population.






49. When competition causes two closely related species to become more different in regions where their ranges overlap






50. T or F a codon consist of three nucleotides