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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Used x ray cyrstallography to create an image of DNA






2. A limb with five digits (fingers)






3. Disappearance of a species from all parts of its geographical range






4. Another term for pure breeding






5. Form of reproductive isolation in which structural differences in the anatomy of reproductive organs prevent sperm transfer between individuals of different species






6. Organ no longer serves a function






7. The formation of new species as a result of evolution






8. Earth's history organized into four eras: Precambrian - Paleozoic - Mesozoic - and Cenozoic






9. Closely related species occupying different habitats - niches preventing them from interbreeding






10. Messenger RNA; type of RNA that carries instructions from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome






11. Geologic period that followed the Precambrian;means 'ancient life' - early life (570-286 million years ago); single cell organisms - shells - mollusks - rise of first vertebrates - rise of land plants - amphibians - insects - seed plants - and trees






12. Type of rock made from small pieces of other rocks and organisms pressed together. Source of fossil preservation. Limited radioactive or absolute dating potential.






13. Cell division that produces reproductive cells or gamates.This occurs in the gonads (testicle and ovaries in animals) Here the chromosome number is halved the original amount. (each new cell has a haploid number = n) All daughter cells are not geneti






14. Similar embryological structures in different species - such as gill slits - may demonstrate that these species share a common ancestor.






15. Gene

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16. Populations that can interbreed with neighboring populations but not with populations separated by larger geographical distances






17. Chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual. These are X for female and Y for male. The female egg is an X while the male sperm can be X or Y






18. A trait that masks the expression of another trait






19. A taxon originating from and including a single common ancestor






20. An ancestor that two or more descendants have in common






21. Evolution of superficial phenotypic similarity of form as a result of similar selection pressures






22. An organism that has characteristics resulting from chromosomal alteration. This is a result of crossing over of the chromosomes during Meiosis - mutations and random segregation.






23. It means chromosomes are paired. One of each chromosome in a pair originates from the father and one from the mother. They affect the same trait - but don't necessarily cause the same expression of the trait.






24. Chromosomes are collections of many






25. The specific location of a gene on a chromosome






26. Is a base found in DNA and RNA. Cytosine pairs with Guanine in DNA






27. The reduction of a population - typically by a natural disaster - such that the surviving population is no longer genetically representative of the original population.






28. Layers of compressed sedimentary rock demonstrate the order or sequence at which events occurred. Cannot delineate the exact point of time - but is able to distinguish the order of events.






29. Features of different species tat are similar in function but not necessarily in structure and in which the similarity is not the result of common ancestry






30. Is the genetic makeup of an organism (TT or Tt) ; All the combinations of genes you have for a certain trait.






31. Three dimensional shape of organism made from a mold. May be created with plaster or over time with minerals.






32. A process that results in an allele having a different probability of remaining in the gene pool compared with that of another allele






33. Organism is preserved at very low temperatures. Preservation of both hard and soft parts can occur.






34. Speciation preceded by a period of geographical isolation






35. Describes the existence of a prezygotic reproductive barrier between two species as a result of them occupying or breeding in different habitats within the same general geographical area






36. Dna moves during electrophoresis because of...






37. Mating of an individual of unknown genotype but dominant phenotype w/ a homozygous recessive individual






38. A type of barrier between species; the species remain isolated because male and femal gametes of the different species cannot fuse - or they die before they unite.






39. Movement of organisms ro of from a population






40. The study of the structures of different organisms - looking at homologous parts






41. Large - scale evolutionary changes that take place over long periods of time






42. A change or error in the DNA sequence






43. What does DNA stand for...






44. Used radioactive sulfur and radioactive phosphorus to determine that DNA is the genetic material - by demonstrating that it is DNA that is injected by bacteriophages into bacterial cells during infection






45. A small simple structure (as a fertilized egg) from which new tissue can develop into a complete organism. It is also a cell






46. Features that are superficially similar but have different modes of development






47. Movement of alleles into or out of a population due to the migration of individuals to or from the population






48. Synonym for protein; chain of amino acids






49. A group of organisms whose members are sufficiently alike to be able to reproduce and produce fertile offspring and who are unable to reproduce with other such groups






50. Hybrid is sterile so biologically unfit