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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The region of the chromosome that holds the two sister chromatids together during mitosis






2. The independant evolution of similar traits - starting from a similar ancestral condition






3. The structure on a tRNA molecule that allows it interact with an mRNA molecule






4. A change in the base sequence of DNA; the ultimate source of new alleles






5. The complete genetic material contained in an individual






6. Messenger RNA; type of RNA that carries instructions from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome






7. Proteins are made of...






8. Reciprocal evolution in two species as a result of the selection pressure each imposes upon the other






9. Method of replication that implies that each new strand of DNA is half original and half new






10. The molecules responsible for bringing amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis are






11. Group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area






12. Change to a chromosome in which part of the chromosome is repeated






13. Change in a DNA sequence that affects genetic information






14. Populations that can interbreed with neighboring populations but not with populations separated by larger geographical distances






15. DNA is made of...






16. The individuals choice of which mate they will choose. The choice is dependant on what traits the individual finds attractive. e.g some people will want their mates to be smart or pretty.






17. When competition causes two closely related species to become more different in regions where their ranges overlap






18. A limb with five digits (fingers)






19. The environmental factors that favour certain phenotypes






20. Genes contain instructions for assembling






21. Organ that serves no useful function in an organism






22. Process by which individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully; also called survival of the fittest






23. Mating of 2 oism that differ in 2 characters






24. How many codons are needed to specify three amino acids






25. Mating of an individual of unknown genotype but dominant phenotype w/ a homozygous recessive individual






26. Similar DNA sequences or protein structures (such as hemoglobin) may link different species to a similar ancestor.






27. A group of organisms of the same species occupying a given area.






28. Selection acting against the extremes of a range of variation - resulting in resistance to change in allele frequencies






29. Transfer RNA; type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome






30. How often a particular gene occurs in the population






31. One of the types of fossils made from hardened tree resin. Preserves both hard and soft parts.






32. Because of base pairing in DNA the amount of






33. Selection acting against the middle of a range of variation






34. Large - scale evolutionary changes that take place over long periods of time






35. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of the chromosome is removed






36. An evolutionary 'branch' and its daughter 'twigs'






37. A group of organisms whose members are sufficiently alike to be able to reproduce and produce fertile offspring and who are unable to reproduce with other such groups






38. Used x ray cyrstallography to create an image of DNA






39. Selection against one end of a range of variation - resulting in a progressive change in allele frequency






40. An ancestor that two or more descendants have in common






41. Term used to refer to an organism that has two different alleles for the same trait. e.g Tt is the heterozygous genotype for Tall.






42. Science dealing with DNA and protein synthesis of living organisms. Manipulation of DNA.






43. process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis.






44. Transcrition occurs in the...






45. Organisms with a similar underlying structure - but different function. Example: bird - bat and dolphin 'arm'. Shows a common ancestral link.






46. Form of reproductive isolation in which structural differences in the anatomy of reproductive organs prevent sperm transfer between individuals of different species






47. When chromosome is changed by radiation and chemicals - results a permanent structural change in the chromosome - which will no longer be able to pair with its homologous pair. Eg - deletion - duplication - inversion and translocation.






48. A process that results in an allele having a different probability of remaining in the gene pool compared with that of another allele






49. Types of rocks formed after exposure to very high heat. Because of the high temperatures - fossils are not able to be recovered from these types of rocks. Absolute or radioactive dating is possible - however.






50. The condition in which there is no change in allele frequencies from generation to generation (i.e. no evolution)