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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Genetics And Evolution
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
,
genetics
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Large - scale evolutionary changes that take place over long periods of time
Macroevolution
Selection pressure
Population
Comparative anatomy
2. Deoxyribonucleic acid carries the genetic code for the proper functioning of an organism. It is composed of 5 carbon sugar (deoxyribose) four bases Adenine - Thymine - Cytosine and Guanine. the sugar is bonded to a phosphate group. This forms a long
DNA
deoxyribose and phosphate
Comparative Anatomy
Stabilising
3. The capacity of an individual of certain genotype to reproduce. It is usually equal to the proportion of the individual's genes in all the genes of the next generation
Fitness
Dominant
Mate Selection
Comparative anatomy
4. A mutation in which one nucleotide is replaced by another nucleotide
Dominant
molecular evidence
Substitution
Phylogeny
5. The sum total of an organism's requirements; its way of life
Niche
Balanced Polymorphism
mutation
Artificial selection
6. A type of protein molecule found in the chromosomes of eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic cells
Dihybrid Cross
Genetic Equilibrium
Temporal Isolation
Histone
7. Features that are superficially similar but have different modes of development
Analogous Features
Histone
Chromosomes
Comparative Anatomy
8. Cross where you cross unknown genotype with a recessive
geologic time scale
Test Cross
Mutagen
Selection
9. The offspring of a cross between two inbred lines within a single species. May also refer to the offspring of across between two species
Hybrid
Disruptive Selection
Genotype
Allele Frequency
10. When F1 is fully fertile but F2 has low fertility (rice - cotton)
Autosomes
Hybrid Breakdown
replication
Mendel's traits are now called _____ found on DNA
11. Two alternative forms of a gene e.g Tall vs Short
Habitat
Immigration
Alleles
Convergent Evolution
12. Relatively rapid proliferation from an ancestral type into new types which fill a diversity of ecological niches
NIche Isolation
Industrial Melanism
Adaptive Radiation
Ice
13. Recognize and cut DNA at specific sequences usually palindromes
Allele Frequency
trace fossils
ribose - phosphate - and a base
restriction enzyme
14. Another term for pure breeding
Genetic Equilibrium
Homozygous
Population
cytoplasm
15. Term used to refer to an organism that has two different alleles for the same trait. e.g Tt is the heterozygous genotype for Tall.
Directional Selection
Heterozygous
genes
Somatic
16. Evolution of superficial phenotypic similarity of form as a result of similar selection pressures
Directional Selection
Analogous structures
Convergent Evolution
Heterozygote
17. All the factors in an organism's surroundings that can potentially affect it
Environment
Extinction
Gene Flow
three
18. An organism that has characteristics resulting from chromosomal alteration. This is a result of crossing over of the chromosomes during Meiosis - mutations and random segregation.
Comparative embryology
Allele
Genetic Equilibrium
Variation
19. Any indirect evidence of life preserved as an impression in rock; trails - footprints - tracks - burrows - and bite marks
molecular evidence
Species
trace fossils
Mold
20. An ancestor that two or more descendants have in common
Common Ancestor
Ice
False RNA
Extinction
21. Visual expression of a trait
Comparative Anatomy
Phenotype
Industrial Melanism
chromatin
22. An episode of large - scale extinction affecting many different groups of organisms within a short period of time
Nucleotide
ribose - phosphate - and a base
Mass Extinction
Founder Effect
23. Structures in different but related species that are derived from the same ancestral structure but now serve different purposes.
If you lose one then you will still have one to back you up.
Homologous Structures
that is complementary to a single strand of DNA
Sex Chromosomes
24. Building block of a nucleic acid (DNA and RNA)
nucleotide
amino acid
gel electrophoresis
Petrification
25. Form of reproductive isolation in which tere are differences in species courtship behavior
Divergent Evolution
Chiasma
Behavioral (ethological) Isolation
Precambrian era
26. Earth's history organized into four eras: Precambrian - Paleozoic - Mesozoic - and Cenozoic
Gametic
Macroevolution
geologic time scale
Mutation
27. An equilibrium in the occurence of two or more different froms within the same population usually caused by different allele combiinations of a gene
Parallel Evolution
Genetic Equilibrium
Balanced Polymorphism
Sexual Selection
28. Shows how the embryos of different groups resemble each other at particular stages. Similarities indicate groups may share a common ancestor
Comparative embryology
transcription
Absolute dating
Crossing over
29. Separation of species or populations so that they cannot interbreed and produce fertile offspring
Reproductive Isolation
Mutation
Haploid/Monoploid
Amber
30. Method of replication that implies that each new strand of DNA is half original and half new
Speciation
Mitosis
Semi - conservative replication
Monohybrid Cross
31. Form of reproductive isolation in which two populations reproduce at different times
Geologic Evolution
Comparative Anatomy
Temporal Isolation
RNA polymerase
32. How often a form of a gene appears in a gene pool
Allele Frequency
Fitness
Heterozygous
Adenine
33. Is any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome.
Autosomes
Natural Selection
Phyletic Gradualism (anagenesis)
Geologic Evolution
34. Periods of little adaptive change
Habitat
Stasis
Genetic Equilibrium
Monohybrid
35. Used x ray cyrstallography to create an image of DNA
Molecular biology
Test Cross
Rosalind Franklin
Hybrid Infertility
36. The preserved remains or traces of an organism that lived in the past
Germ
Migration
Fossil
Comparative embryology
37. Three mRNA nucleotides that code for a specific amino acid
Gene pool
Independent assortment
Comparative Anatomy
codon
38. Speciation preceded by a period of geographical isolation
Allele Frequency
Extinction
Allopatric Speciation
Deletion
39. Cell division that produces reproductive cells or gamates.This occurs in the gonads (testicle and ovaries in animals) Here the chromosome number is halved the original amount. (each new cell has a haploid number = n) All daughter cells are not geneti
Allele
Meiosis
Gene flow
Test Cross
40. Evolution of living things - based on evidence from the past and present.
Ring Species
Organic Evolution
Molecular biology
DNA fingerprint
41. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events
Genetic Drift
Ecological (habitat) Isolation
Pentadactyl limb
Gamete Isolation
42. Dna moves during electrophoresis because of...
Industrial Melanism
its negative charge
Convergent Evolution
Homozygote
43. Evolution resulting from small specific genetic changes that can lead to a new subspecies
Microevolution
Mendel's Principle of Segregation
mRNA
Mutation
44. A base found in DNA (but not in RNA). This base pairs with Adenine.
Stabilising
Thymine
rRNA
Dominant
45. The condition in which there is no change in allele frequencies from generation to generation (i.e. no evolution)
Guanine
Thymine
Genetic Equilibrium
Ring Species
46. The region of the chromosome that holds the two sister chromatids together during mitosis
Directional Selection
Gene pool
Centromere
anticodon
47. Describes a cell - nucleus - or organism that has only one set of unpaired chromosomes
Haploid/Monoploid
Analogous structures
Fossil
Extinction
48. Actual remains of an organism such as bones - teeth - shells - etc.
Stasis
Germ
body fossils
Phyletic Gradualism (anagenesis)
49. Organ no longer serves a function
False genes
Convergent Evolution
vestigial (Evolution Evidence)
Genetic Drift
50. Trait where heterozygous is a blending of two alleles
Genotype
Somatic
trace fossils
Nucleotide