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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Determined the complete double helical structure of DNA






2. Chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual. These are X for female and Y for male. The female egg is an X while the male sperm can be X or Y






3. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of the chromosome is removed






4. When F1 is fully fertile but F2 has low fertility (rice - cotton)






5. What happens during the process of translation






6. A population partially isolated from other populations of the same species






7. Ribosomes are made of...






8. Shows how the embryos of different groups resemble each other at particular stages. Similarities indicate groups may share a common ancestor






9. The study relating the evolution of new charateristics to changes in the genes controlling development






10. Impression made from a organism in soft material such as sand or mud.






11. A type of natural selection in which genetic diversity decreases as the population stabilises on a particular trait value






12. An evolutionary 'branch' and its daughter 'twigs'






13. A genetic crosses that involve one trait. e.g TT plant crossed with tt plant has offspring who are heterozygous Tt.






14. Consists of all genes - including all the different alleles - that are present in a population






15. Inherited feature that tends to prevent species from interbreeding with other species






16. T or F a codon consist of three nucleotides






17. The inherited characteristic often masked by the dominant characteristic and not seen in an organism. e.g. Tt plant will still be tall. Where T is the dominant trait for tall and t is the recessive trait for small.






18. A limb with five digits (fingers)






19. Three mRNA nucleotides that code for a specific amino acid






20. Trait evolves overtime; NO common ancestry






21. A base found in DNA (but not in RNA). This base pairs with Adenine.






22. Structure present in an organism however does NOT have a known function. May link organisms with similar vestigial structures. Example: appendix - coccyx bone - whale leg bones.






23. Geologic period that followed the Precambrian;means 'ancient life' - early life (570-286 million years ago); single cell organisms - shells - mollusks - rise of first vertebrates - rise of land plants - amphibians - insects - seed plants - and trees






24. The evolutionary process by which a species becomes better suited to its niche.






25. Mating of an individual of unknown genotype but dominant phenotype w/ a homozygous recessive individual






26. Similar embryological structures in different species - such as gill slits - may demonstrate that these species share a common ancestor.






27. It is the time from when the Earth formed and simple life - forms evolved (and it is the longest era)






28. Middle life (245-144 million years ago); rise of mammals and dinosaurs; the rise of birds; extinction of dinosaurs - rise of flowering plants






29. A DNA double helix is held together in the center by between nitrogenous bases






30. Organ no longer serves a function






31. A distinct population of a species that varies from other populations of the same species.






32. The sum total of an organism's requirements; its way of life






33. The number of times an allele appears in a population






34. Change in a DNA sequence that affects genetic information






35. Layers of compressed sedimentary rock demonstrate the order or sequence at which events occurred. Cannot delineate the exact point of time - but is able to distinguish the order of events.






36. Form of reproductive isolation in which structural differences in the anatomy of reproductive organs prevent sperm transfer between individuals of different species






37. The independant evolution of similar traits - starting from a similar ancestral condition






38. Periods of little adaptive change






39. Disappearance of a species from all parts of its geographical range






40. Group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring






41. DNA that is coiled around proteins






42. Reciprocal evolution in two species as a result of the selection pressure each imposes upon the other






43. Change to a chromosome in which part of the chromosome is repeated






44. Independent segregation of genes during the formation of gametes






45. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of one chromosome attaches to a nonhomologous chromosome






46. Process in which DNA is duplicated






47. Used radioactive sulfur and radioactive phosphorus to determine that DNA is the genetic material - by demonstrating that it is DNA that is injected by bacteriophages into bacterial cells during infection






48. Is active during transcription






49. Is a base found in DNA and RNA. Cytosine pairs with Guanine in DNA






50. A type of barrier between species; the species remain isolated because male and femal gametes of the different species cannot fuse - or they die before they unite.