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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Uses metamorphic or igneous rock - calculates the age of an object by assessing the amount of radioactive element still present in the organism. Radioactive elements are slowly lost over time because of decay.






2. 2 alleles for a character separate during the formation of gametes - so that each gamete only carriers one allele for each character

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3. One of the types of fossils made from hardened tree resin. Preserves both hard and soft parts.






4. What is one benefit for having two strands of DNA?






5. Individual that is heterozygous for two traits; shows the phenotype governed by the dominant alleles but carries the recessive alleles






6. It is the time from when the Earth formed and simple life - forms evolved (and it is the longest era)






7. When chromosome is changed by radiation and chemicals - results a permanent structural change in the chromosome - which will no longer be able to pair with its homologous pair. Eg - deletion - duplication - inversion and translocation.






8. Reciprocal evolution in two species as a result of the selection pressure each imposes upon the other






9. Heteros have a phenotype tintertmediate b/t phenotypes of the 2 homoz






10. Which structure contains anticodons






11. Innate trait; shared ancestry






12. Speciation preceded by a period of geographical isolation






13. Change in allele frequencies as a result of the migration of a small subgroup of a population






14. All the genes in a population. genes are added by reproduction and immigration and lost by death and emigration






15. The condition in which there is no change in allele frequencies from generation to generation (i.e. no evolution)






16. Features of different species tat are similar in function but not necessarily in structure and in which the similarity is not the result of common ancestry






17. A mutation in which one nucleotide is replaced by another nucleotide






18. Layers of compressed sedimentary rock demonstrate the order or sequence at which events occurred. Cannot delineate the exact point of time - but is able to distinguish the order of events.






19. The structure on a tRNA molecule that allows it interact with an mRNA molecule






20. Three dimensional shape of organism made from a mold. May be created with plaster or over time with minerals.






21. A process where the organisms that have traits that aid in its survival (adaptive traits) will reproduce to pass that trait to futher generations thus increasing the frequency of that trait in the population. Vice versa traits that reduce the chance






22. Embryos of similar organisms have very similar early development indicating similar DNA at work






23. T or F a codon consist of three nucleotides






24. Mutation where an extra base is added






25. Type of rock made from small pieces of other rocks and organisms pressed together. Source of fossil preservation. Limited radioactive or absolute dating potential.






26. Describes the existence of a prezygotic reproductive barrier between two species as a result of them occupying or breeding in different habitats within the same general geographical area






27. Similar DNA sequences or protein structures (such as hemoglobin) may link different species to a similar ancestor.






28. T or F A cloned organism has the same proteins as another organism






29. Which type of Rna functions as a blue print of the genetic code






30. Is a base found in DNA and RNA. Cytosine pairs with Guanine in DNA






31. Selection acting against the middle of a range of variation






32. Geologic period that followed the Precambrian;means 'ancient life' - early life (570-286 million years ago); single cell organisms - shells - mollusks - rise of first vertebrates - rise of land plants - amphibians - insects - seed plants - and trees






33. Hybrid is sterile so biologically unfit






34. The capacity of an individual of certain genotype to reproduce. It is usually equal to the proportion of the individual's genes in all the genes of the next generation






35. It means chromosomes are paired. One of each chromosome in a pair originates from the father and one from the mother. They affect the same trait - but don't necessarily cause the same expression of the trait.






36. A change or error in the DNA sequence






37. Evolution of living things - based on evidence from the past and present.






38. Condition in which an organism has extra sets of chromosomes






39. Process in which DNA is duplicated






40. The independant evolution of similar traits - starting from a similar ancestral condition






41. A base found in DNA (but not in RNA). This base pairs with Adenine.






42. A DNA double helix is held together in the center by between nitrogenous bases






43. Similar embryological structures in different species - such as gill slits - may demonstrate that these species share a common ancestor.






44. Transfer RNA; type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome






45. An organism that has characteristics resulting from chromosomal alteration. This is a result of crossing over of the chromosomes during Meiosis - mutations and random segregation.






46. The study relating the evolution of new charateristics to changes in the genes controlling development






47. A combining of genes or characters different from what they were in the parents






48. Organ that serves no useful function in an organism






49. The number of times an allele appears in a population






50. What does DNA stand for...