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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Synonym for protein; chain of amino acids






2. A change or error in the DNA sequence






3. The structure on a tRNA molecule that allows it interact with an mRNA molecule






4. Process by which individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully; also called survival of the fittest






5. An evolutionary 'branch' and its daughter 'twigs'






6. Are noncoding sequences in the gene that are removed from RNA after transcription






7. Is a base found in DNA and RNA. Cytosine pairs with Guanine in DNA






8. In the event of a sperm fertilizing an egg of another species - mechanisms that prevent result being fruitful






9. Cell division that produces reproductive cells or gamates.This occurs in the gonads (testicle and ovaries in animals) Here the chromosome number is halved the original amount. (each new cell has a haploid number = n) All daughter cells are not geneti






10. Features that are superficially similar but have different modes of development






11. You mate the unknown genotype with an organism showing the recessive trait. If any of the offspring show the recessive trait - the original unknown parent was heterozygous. If no recessive trats show up - the original parent was homozygous.






12. Gene

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13. Determined the complete double helical structure of DNA






14. Condition in which an organism has extra sets of chromosomes






15. A trait that masks the expression of another trait






16. When zygote does not complete development or is physically weaker than normal






17. The complete genetic material contained in an individual






18. Change in a DNA sequence that affects genetic information






19. Because of base pairing in DNA the amount of






20. Science dealing with DNA and protein synthesis of living organisms. Manipulation of DNA.






21. Organisms with a similar underlying structure - but different function. Example: bird - bat and dolphin 'arm'. Shows a common ancestral link.






22. Structure present in an organism however does NOT have a known function. May link organisms with similar vestigial structures. Example: appendix - coccyx bone - whale leg bones.






23. Group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area






24. Breeding organisms with specific traits in order to produce offspring with identical traits






25. Change in allele frequencies as a result of the migration of a small subgroup of a population






26. The study of the structures of different organisms - looking at homologous parts






27. Speciation which does not involve a period of geographical separation






28. A mutation in which one nucleotide is replaced by another nucleotide






29. Any indirect evidence of life preserved as an impression in rock; trails - footprints - tracks - burrows - and bite marks






30. The reduction of a population - typically by a natural disaster - such that the surviving population is no longer genetically representative of the original population.






31. The evolutionary history/geneology of a group of organisms (a tree thingy)






32. Is active during transcription






33. Ribosomal RNA; type of RNA that makes up part of the ribosome






34. Middle life (245-144 million years ago); rise of mammals and dinosaurs; the rise of birds; extinction of dinosaurs - rise of flowering plants






35. Used radioactive sulfur and radioactive phosphorus to determine that DNA is the genetic material - by demonstrating that it is DNA that is injected by bacteriophages into bacterial cells during infection






36. Which structure contains anticodons






37. Natural disaster eliminates most of the population - members left contribute the alleles for the new population.






38. DNA that is coiled around proteins






39. Is the evolutionary process whereby a population becomes better suited to its habitat






40. Another term for pure breeding






41. Copying the code from DNA onto mRNA






42. Predicts the possible outcome of a genetic cross.






43. One of the types of fossils made from hardened tree resin. Preserves both hard and soft parts.






44. The preserved remains or traces of an organism that lived in the past






45. Physical characteristics of an organism based on its genotype. e.g. Plant that has a genotype of TT will have a phenotype of Tall.






46. Evolution of living things - based on evidence from the past and present.






47. A unique combination of traits that are passed down from one generation to another.






48. Three mRNA nucleotides that code for a specific amino acid






49. Selection acting against the extremes of a range of variation - resulting in resistance to change in allele frequencies






50. Human - like species that existed millions of years ago as witnessed through fossil evidence.