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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The inherited characteristic often masked by the dominant characteristic and not seen in an organism. e.g. Tt plant will still be tall. Where T is the dominant trait for tall and t is the recessive trait for small.






2. The number of times an allele appears in a population






3. These prevent fertilization between species e.g. diff breeding season - mating behaviour






4. Separation of species or populations so that they cannot interbreed and produce fertile offspring






5. When competition causes two closely related species to become more different in regions where their ranges overlap






6. Closely related species occupying different habitats - niches preventing them from interbreeding






7. Selection acting against the extremes of a range of variation - resulting in resistance to change in allele frequencies






8. An ancestor that two or more descendants have in common






9. Selection acting against the middle of a range of variation






10. Selection against one end of a range of variation - resulting in a progressive change in allele frequency






11. When chromosome is changed by radiation and chemicals - results a permanent structural change in the chromosome - which will no longer be able to pair with its homologous pair. Eg - deletion - duplication - inversion and translocation.






12. The enzyme that binds to the promoter region of a gene during transcription is called...






13. Cell division that produces reproductive cells or gamates.This occurs in the gonads (testicle and ovaries in animals) Here the chromosome number is halved the original amount. (each new cell has a haploid number = n) All daughter cells are not geneti






14. The capacity of an individual of certain genotype to reproduce. It is usually equal to the proportion of the individual's genes in all the genes of the next generation






15. Recognize and cut DNA at specific sequences usually palindromes






16. The individuals choice of which mate they will choose. The choice is dependant on what traits the individual finds attractive. e.g some people will want their mates to be smart or pretty.






17. Breeding organisms with specific traits in order to produce offspring with identical traits






18. Trait where heterozygous is a blending of two alleles






19. What happens during the process of translation






20. A distinct population of a species that varies from other populations of the same species.






21. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events






22. Selection for the ability to obtain a mate






23. Deoxyribonucleic acid carries the genetic code for the proper functioning of an organism. It is composed of 5 carbon sugar (deoxyribose) four bases Adenine - Thymine - Cytosine and Guanine. the sugar is bonded to a phosphate group. This forms a long






24. Threadlike structure within the nucleus containing the genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next






25. DNA is made of...






26. Process by which one species gives rise to two or more species






27. Geologic period that followed the Precambrian;means 'ancient life' - early life (570-286 million years ago); single cell organisms - shells - mollusks - rise of first vertebrates - rise of land plants - amphibians - insects - seed plants - and trees






28. Large - scale evolutionary changes that take place over long periods of time






29. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of the chromosome is removed






30. Reciprocal evolution in two species as a result of the selection pressure each imposes upon the other






31. Type of rock made from small pieces of other rocks and organisms pressed together. Source of fossil preservation. Limited radioactive or absolute dating potential.






32. The comparison of the structures of different organisms






33. A mutation in which one nucleotide is replaced by another nucleotide






34. T or F If a nucleic acid contain uracil it is DNA






35. Form of reproductive isolation in which structural differences in the anatomy of reproductive organs prevent sperm transfer between individuals of different species






36. A nucleotide of RNA is made of...






37. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events






38. How often a particular gene occurs in the population






39. You mate the unknown genotype with an organism showing the recessive trait. If any of the offspring show the recessive trait - the original unknown parent was heterozygous. If no recessive trats show up - the original parent was homozygous.






40. A DNA strand that has the bases CTAATGT forms a complete complementary double helix with






41. Cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number of chromosomes. Mitosis involves growth and repair and occurs in the body cells.






42. Process in which DNA is duplicated






43. Individual that is heterozygous for two traits; shows the phenotype governed by the dominant alleles but carries the recessive alleles






44. Form of reproductive isolation in which tere are differences in species courtship behavior






45. Features that are superficially similar but have different modes of development






46. Embryos of similar organisms have very similar early development indicating similar DNA at work






47. Building block of a protein






48. Actual remains of an organism such as bones - teeth - shells - etc.






49. Populations that can interbreed with neighboring populations but not with populations separated by larger geographical distances






50. A copy of a gene is made during a process called this