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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Large - scale evolutionary changes that take place over long periods of time






2. Deoxyribonucleic acid carries the genetic code for the proper functioning of an organism. It is composed of 5 carbon sugar (deoxyribose) four bases Adenine - Thymine - Cytosine and Guanine. the sugar is bonded to a phosphate group. This forms a long






3. The capacity of an individual of certain genotype to reproduce. It is usually equal to the proportion of the individual's genes in all the genes of the next generation






4. A mutation in which one nucleotide is replaced by another nucleotide






5. The sum total of an organism's requirements; its way of life






6. A type of protein molecule found in the chromosomes of eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic cells






7. Features that are superficially similar but have different modes of development






8. Cross where you cross unknown genotype with a recessive






9. The offspring of a cross between two inbred lines within a single species. May also refer to the offspring of across between two species






10. When F1 is fully fertile but F2 has low fertility (rice - cotton)






11. Two alternative forms of a gene e.g Tall vs Short






12. Relatively rapid proliferation from an ancestral type into new types which fill a diversity of ecological niches






13. Recognize and cut DNA at specific sequences usually palindromes






14. Another term for pure breeding






15. Term used to refer to an organism that has two different alleles for the same trait. e.g Tt is the heterozygous genotype for Tall.






16. Evolution of superficial phenotypic similarity of form as a result of similar selection pressures






17. All the factors in an organism's surroundings that can potentially affect it






18. An organism that has characteristics resulting from chromosomal alteration. This is a result of crossing over of the chromosomes during Meiosis - mutations and random segregation.






19. Any indirect evidence of life preserved as an impression in rock; trails - footprints - tracks - burrows - and bite marks






20. An ancestor that two or more descendants have in common






21. Visual expression of a trait






22. An episode of large - scale extinction affecting many different groups of organisms within a short period of time






23. Structures in different but related species that are derived from the same ancestral structure but now serve different purposes.






24. Building block of a nucleic acid (DNA and RNA)






25. Form of reproductive isolation in which tere are differences in species courtship behavior






26. Earth's history organized into four eras: Precambrian - Paleozoic - Mesozoic - and Cenozoic






27. An equilibrium in the occurence of two or more different froms within the same population usually caused by different allele combiinations of a gene






28. Shows how the embryos of different groups resemble each other at particular stages. Similarities indicate groups may share a common ancestor






29. Separation of species or populations so that they cannot interbreed and produce fertile offspring






30. Method of replication that implies that each new strand of DNA is half original and half new






31. Form of reproductive isolation in which two populations reproduce at different times






32. How often a form of a gene appears in a gene pool






33. Is any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome.






34. Periods of little adaptive change






35. Used x ray cyrstallography to create an image of DNA






36. The preserved remains or traces of an organism that lived in the past






37. Three mRNA nucleotides that code for a specific amino acid






38. Speciation preceded by a period of geographical isolation






39. Cell division that produces reproductive cells or gamates.This occurs in the gonads (testicle and ovaries in animals) Here the chromosome number is halved the original amount. (each new cell has a haploid number = n) All daughter cells are not geneti






40. Evolution of living things - based on evidence from the past and present.






41. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events






42. Dna moves during electrophoresis because of...






43. Evolution resulting from small specific genetic changes that can lead to a new subspecies






44. A base found in DNA (but not in RNA). This base pairs with Adenine.






45. The condition in which there is no change in allele frequencies from generation to generation (i.e. no evolution)






46. The region of the chromosome that holds the two sister chromatids together during mitosis






47. Describes a cell - nucleus - or organism that has only one set of unpaired chromosomes






48. Actual remains of an organism such as bones - teeth - shells - etc.






49. Organ no longer serves a function






50. Trait where heterozygous is a blending of two alleles