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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A body cell






2. Recognize and cut DNA at specific sequences usually palindromes






3. 2 alleles for a character separate during the formation of gametes - so that each gamete only carriers one allele for each character

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4. To create a recombinant DNA molecule - one would have to first cut two DNAs with creating before pasting them together






5. One of the types of fossils made from hardened tree resin. Preserves both hard and soft parts.






6. Organisms with similar functions - but different underlying structure. Example: bird and insect wing. These structures do NOT show a common ancestral link.






7. Uses metamorphic or igneous rock - calculates the age of an object by assessing the amount of radioactive element still present in the organism. Radioactive elements are slowly lost over time because of decay.






8. Copying the code from DNA onto mRNA






9. Deoxyribonucleic acid carries the genetic code for the proper functioning of an organism. It is composed of 5 carbon sugar (deoxyribose) four bases Adenine - Thymine - Cytosine and Guanine. the sugar is bonded to a phosphate group. This forms a long






10. Nucleotides that control which amino acids are added during protein synthesis






11. The molecules responsible for bringing amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis are






12. Change in allele frequencies as a result of the migration of a small subgroup of a population






13. The complete genetic material contained in an individual






14. Identical alleles for a gene






15. Disappearance of a species from all parts of its geographical range






16. Embryos of similar organisms have very similar early development indicating similar DNA at work






17. An episode of large - scale extinction affecting many different groups of organisms within a short period of time






18. The capacity of an individual of certain genotype to reproduce. It is usually equal to the proportion of the individual's genes in all the genes of the next generation






19. A DNA strand that has the bases CTAATGT forms a complete complementary double helix with






20. One of the identical rods of a chromosome.






21. A unique combination of traits that are passed down from one generation to another.






22. Type of sympatric speciation that occurs when a new species is formed because of a change in microhabitats






23. Building block of a nucleic acid (DNA and RNA)






24. A taxon originating from and including a single common ancestor






25. Layers of compressed sedimentary rock demonstrate the order or sequence at which events occurred. Cannot delineate the exact point of time - but is able to distinguish the order of events.






26. A type of protein molecule found in the chromosomes of eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic cells






27. The comparison of the structures of different organisms






28. A geographic gradient in the extent to which a character is developed in a species






29. A point of overlap of paired chromatids at which fusion and exchange of genetic material (crossing over) occurs during prophase I of meiosis.






30. The individuals choice of which mate they will choose. The choice is dependant on what traits the individual finds attractive. e.g some people will want their mates to be smart or pretty.






31. A model for the evolution of different froms over a long period of time but with only slight chchanges occring between successive generations






32. Human - like species that existed millions of years ago as witnessed through fossil evidence.






33. A limb with five digits (fingers)






34. Physical characteristics of an organism based on its genotype. e.g. Plant that has a genotype of TT will have a phenotype of Tall.






35. The sum total of an organism's requirements; its way of life






36. Group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring






37. Predicts the possible outcome of a genetic cross.






38. A process that results in an allele having a different probability of remaining in the gene pool compared with that of another allele






39. Selection against one end of a range of variation - resulting in a progressive change in allele frequency






40. Gene

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41. Similar DNA sequences or protein structures (such as hemoglobin) may link different species to a similar ancestor.






42. Synonym for protein; chain of amino acids






43. Evolution of superficial phenotypic similarity of form as a result of similar selection pressures






44. These prevent fertilization between species e.g. diff breeding season - mating behaviour






45. An equilibrium in the occurence of two or more different froms within the same population usually caused by different allele combiinations of a gene






46. A change or error in the DNA sequence






47. Is a sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait. This is because the sequence of bases code for certain proteins.






48. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events






49. Organ that serves no useful function in an organism






50. Transcrition occurs in the...