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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Name for oism with one dominant and one recessive allele






2. Populations that can interbreed with neighboring populations but not with populations separated by larger geographical distances






3. Three dimensional shape of organism made from a mold. May be created with plaster or over time with minerals.






4. Structure present in an organism however does NOT have a known function. May link organisms with similar vestigial structures. Example: appendix - coccyx bone - whale leg bones.






5. An evolutionary 'branch' and its daughter 'twigs'






6. Which type of Rna functions as a blue print of the genetic code






7. Any agent that can cause a change in DNA






8. Different alleles for a gene






9. Organism is preserved at very low temperatures. Preservation of both hard and soft parts can occur.






10. Determined the complete double helical structure of DNA






11. Speciation which does not involve a period of geographical separation






12. Describes the existence of a prezygotic reproductive barrier between two species as a result of them occupying or breeding in different habitats within the same general geographical area






13. Genes contain instructions for assembling






14. The individuals choice of which mate they will choose. The choice is dependant on what traits the individual finds attractive. e.g some people will want their mates to be smart or pretty.






15. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of the chromosome is removed






16. A change in the base sequence of a gene






17. Three mRNA nucleotides that code for a specific amino acid






18. Is a base found in DNA and RNA. This base pairs with Cytosine in DNA






19. Similar DNA sequences or protein structures (such as hemoglobin) may link different species to a similar ancestor.






20. Organisms with similar functions - but different underlying structure. Example: bird and insect wing. These structures do NOT show a common ancestral link.






21. Evolution of the earth - which is hypothesized to have been formed over 4.6 billion years ago.






22. A type of protein molecule found in the chromosomes of eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic cells






23. A trait that masks the expression of another trait






24. Shows how the embryos of different groups resemble each other at particular stages. Similarities indicate groups may share a common ancestor






25. Transcrition occurs in the...






26. Evolution of superficial phenotypic similarity of form as a result of similar selection pressures






27. Process by which one species gives rise to two or more species






28. Geologic period that followed the Precambrian;means 'ancient life' - early life (570-286 million years ago); single cell organisms - shells - mollusks - rise of first vertebrates - rise of land plants - amphibians - insects - seed plants - and trees






29. The offspring of a cross between two inbred lines within a single species. May also refer to the offspring of across between two species






30. The study of the structures of different organisms - looking at homologous parts






31. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events






32. Threadlike structure within the nucleus containing the genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next






33. How many codons are needed to specify three amino acids






34. Form of reproductive isolation in which two populations reproduce at different times






35. It is the time from when the Earth formed and simple life - forms evolved (and it is the longest era)






36. Determined the concept of complementary base pairing






37. Disappearance of a species from all parts of its geographical range






38. The study relating the evolution of new charateristics to changes in the genes controlling development






39. Organisms with a similar underlying structure - but different function. Example: bird - bat and dolphin 'arm'. Shows a common ancestral link.






40. Cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number of chromosomes. Mitosis involves growth and repair and occurs in the body cells.






41. Change in allele frequencies as a result of the migration of a small subgroup of a population






42. Mutation where an extra base is added






43. Middle life (245-144 million years ago); rise of mammals and dinosaurs; the rise of birds; extinction of dinosaurs - rise of flowering plants






44. A copy of a gene is made during a process called this






45. Any indirect evidence of life preserved as an impression in rock; trails - footprints - tracks - burrows - and bite marks






46. What is one benefit for having two strands of DNA?






47. T or F A cloned organism has the same proteins as another organism






48. A genetic crosses that involve one trait. e.g TT plant crossed with tt plant has offspring who are heterozygous Tt.






49. Proteins are made of...






50. Consists of all genes - including all the different alleles - that are present in a population