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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Genetics And Evolution
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
,
genetics
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Messenger RNA; type of RNA that carries instructions from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome
amino acid
mRNA
If you lose one then you will still have one to back you up.
Founder Effect
2. Term used to refer to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait. e.g TT is the homozygous genotype for Tall.
Chromatid
Homozygous
Directional Selection
Heterozygous
3. An evolutionary 'branch' and its daughter 'twigs'
Reproductive Isolation
deoxyribose and phosphate
Clade
Petrification
4. A codon is made of...
body fossils
3 nucleotides
Punnett Square
Homologous Structures
5. Method of replication that implies that each new strand of DNA is half original and half new
ribose - phosphate - and a base
Semi - conservative replication
rRNA
watson and crick
6. Even if the gametes of the two species meet - fertilization does not occur
Gamete Isolation
Analogous Structures (analogies)
Genetic Drift
Mutagen
7. The inherited characteristic often masked by the dominant characteristic and not seen in an organism. e.g. Tt plant will still be tall. Where T is the dominant trait for tall and t is the recessive trait for small.
Geographical Isolation
Dihybrid
Chromosome mutation
Recessive
8. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of the chromosome is removed
analogous (Evolution Evidence)
Speciation
Deletion
Paleozoic era
9. Disappearance of a species from all parts of its geographical range
polypeptide
Bottle neck effect
Gene Flow
Extinction
10. 2 alleles for a character separate during the formation of gametes - so that each gamete only carriers one allele for each character
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11. Structures in different but related species that are derived from the same ancestral structure but now serve different purposes.
Pentadactyl limb
Selection pressure
Disruptive Selection
Homologous Structures
12. The complete genetic material contained in an individual
Genome
Ice
Dihybrid
Allopatric Speciation
13. Transfer RNA; type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome
Polyploidy
Phylogeny
False RNA
tRNA
14. A DNA strand that has the bases CTAATGT forms a complete complementary double helix with
GATTACA
Diploid
three
body fossils
15. A change in the base sequence of a gene
Endemic
Gene mutation
Mechanical (morphological) Isolation
Migration
16. Mutation where an extra base is added
Common Ancestor
polypeptide
Endemic
Insertion
17. A combining of genes or characters different from what they were in the parents
Heritable variation
Molecular biology
DNA fingerprint
Recombination
18. A base found in DNA (but not in RNA). This base pairs with Adenine.
Thymine
Heterozygous
Speciation
Sub - species
19. Describes the existence of a prezygotic reproductive barrier between two species as a result of them occupying or breeding in different habitats within the same general geographical area
False genes
Ecological (habitat) Isolation
Selection pressure
Monohybrid
20. Similar embryological structures in different species - such as gill slits - may demonstrate that these species share a common ancestor.
embryological evidence
Polyploidy
stop codon
Test Cross
21. What happens during the process of translation
Comparative Anatomy
Divergent Evolution
Analogous Features
The cell uses information from mRNA to produce proteins
22. A group of organisms of the same species occupying a given area.
polypeptide
Balanced Polymorphism
Population
Adaptation
23. Selection against one end of a range of variation - resulting in a progressive change in allele frequency
Phenotype
Deme
Directional Selection
Variation
24. An equilibrium in the occurence of two or more different froms within the same population usually caused by different allele combiinations of a gene
homologous (Evolution Evidence)
Balanced Polymorphism
introns
Chargaff
25. In the event of a sperm fertilizing an egg of another species - mechanisms that prevent result being fruitful
that is complementary to a single strand of DNA
Post -zygotic Mechanisms
Phyletic Gradualism (anagenesis)
hydrogen bonds
26. Three mRNA nucleotides that code for a specific amino acid
Translocation
codon
hydrogen bonds
Insertion
27. Organ that serves no useful function in an organism
DNA fingerprint
Adaptive Radiation
Vestigial organs
Habitat
28. Middle life (245-144 million years ago); rise of mammals and dinosaurs; the rise of birds; extinction of dinosaurs - rise of flowering plants
Phenotype
Testcross
chromatin
Mesozoic era
29. A body cell
Artificial selection
Somatic
Adaptation
anticodon
30. Cell division that produces reproductive cells or gamates.This occurs in the gonads (testicle and ovaries in animals) Here the chromosome number is halved the original amount. (each new cell has a haploid number = n) All daughter cells are not geneti
Meiosis
Testcross
Histone
Ring Species
31. The adaptive increase in pigmentation as a result of human - induced pollutants
Industrial Melanism
Selection pressure
tRNA
Double Helix
32. How often a particular gene occurs in the population
restriction enzyme
Gene frequency
Duplication
genes
33. Another term for pure breeding
Allopatric Speciation
Gene Flow
Homozygous
Genetic Drift
34. shape of a DNA molecule formed when two twisted DNA strands are coiled into a springlike structure and held together by hydrogen bonds between the bases.
Character Displacement
Gene Flow
that is complementary to a single strand of DNA
Double Helix
35. Is any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome.
Autosomes
Sequential Evolution
Pentadactyl limb
anticodon
36. The molecules responsible for bringing amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis are
Speciation
If you lose one then you will still have one to back you up.
Deletion
tRNA
37. Dna moves during electrophoresis because of...
its negative charge
Species
clinC
Adaptive Radiation
38. The comparison of the structures of different organisms
DNA fingerprint
Comparative anatomy
Genetic Equilibrium
Hybrid Inviability
39. When chromosome is changed by radiation and chemicals - results a permanent structural change in the chromosome - which will no longer be able to pair with its homologous pair. Eg - deletion - duplication - inversion and translocation.
amino acids
Environment
its negative charge
Chromosome mutation
40. Determined the complete double helical structure of DNA
Bottleneck Effect
watson and crick
Mesozoic era
restriction enzyme
41. Evolution of the earth - which is hypothesized to have been formed over 4.6 billion years ago.
Geologic Evolution
Natural Selection
Founder effect
Stabilising selection
42. The enzyme that binds to the promoter region of a gene during transcription is called...
RNA polymerase
Microevolution
Vestigial organs
Alleles
43. Process by which one species gives rise to two or more species
Punnett Square
Sedimentary Rock
Speciation
Ring Species
44. A small simple structure (as a fertilized egg) from which new tissue can develop into a complete organism. It is also a cell
Vestigial organs
Germ
Autosomes
deoxyribonucleic acid
45. Cross where you cross unknown genotype with a recessive
Test Cross
Genetic Equilibrium
Speciation
Habitat
46. A mutation in which one nucleotide is replaced by another nucleotide
Cenozoic era
Substitution
Allopatric Speciation
Species
47. It is the time from when the Earth formed and simple life - forms evolved (and it is the longest era)
Phenotype
Habitat
Precambrian era
Founder Effect
48. Innate trait; shared ancestry
Punctuated Equilibrium
homologous (Evolution Evidence)
Chiasma
Cytosine
49. Science dealing with DNA and protein synthesis of living organisms. Manipulation of DNA.
Molecular biology
Punctuated Equilibrium
Incomplete Dominance
Reproductive Isolation
50. Periods of rapid evolution punctuated by periods of little change
Evolution
Punctuated Equilibrium
Cast
Adenine