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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Describes a cell - nucleus - or organism that has only one set of unpaired chromosomes






2. Mating of an individual of unknown genotype but dominant phenotype w/ a homozygous recessive individual






3. Ribosomes are made of...






4. Found only in that country






5. Determined the concept of complementary base pairing






6. Ribosomal RNA; type of RNA that makes up part of the ribosome






7. Science dealing with DNA and protein synthesis of living organisms. Manipulation of DNA.






8. Organisms with a similar underlying structure - but different function. Example: bird - bat and dolphin 'arm'. Shows a common ancestral link.






9. Mutation where an extra base is added






10. Any agent that can cause a change in DNA






11. Three mRNA nucleotides that code for a specific amino acid






12. Era of recent life that began about 66 million years ago and continues today; includes the first appearance Hominids






13. The offspring of a cross between two inbred lines within a single species. May also refer to the offspring of across between two species






14. Evolution of superficial phenotypic similarity of form as a result of similar selection pressures






15. Organism is preserved at very low temperatures. Preservation of both hard and soft parts can occur.






16. A limb with five digits (fingers)






17. shape of a DNA molecule formed when two twisted DNA strands are coiled into a springlike structure and held together by hydrogen bonds between the bases.






18. Populations that can interbreed with neighboring populations but not with populations separated by larger geographical distances






19. Molecules that join together to form DNA and RNA. Monomers that make up a nucleic acid






20. You mate the unknown genotype with an organism showing the recessive trait. If any of the offspring show the recessive trait - the original unknown parent was heterozygous. If no recessive trats show up - the original parent was homozygous.






21. A point of overlap of paired chromatids at which fusion and exchange of genetic material (crossing over) occurs during prophase I of meiosis.






22. Chromosomes are collections of many






23. The signal on a mRNA molecule that designates the end of the coding sequence is called the...






24. A taxon originating from and including a single common ancestor






25. Change in a DNA sequence that affects genetic information






26. Any preserved remains of an organism from the past. Usually found in sedimentary rock.






27. The adaptive increase in pigmentation as a result of human - induced pollutants






28. Threadlike structure within the nucleus containing the genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next






29. Building block of a nucleic acid (DNA and RNA)






30. Speciation which does not involve a period of geographical separation






31. Middle life (245-144 million years ago); rise of mammals and dinosaurs; the rise of birds; extinction of dinosaurs - rise of flowering plants






32. Uses metamorphic or igneous rock - calculates the age of an object by assessing the amount of radioactive element still present in the organism. Radioactive elements are slowly lost over time because of decay.






33. Recognize and cut DNA at specific sequences usually palindromes






34. T or F A cloned organism has the same proteins as another organism






35. The preserved remains or traces of an organism that lived in the past






36. Translation occurs in the...






37. What is one benefit for having two strands of DNA?






38. Transcrition occurs in the...






39. To create a recombinant DNA molecule - one would have to first cut two DNAs with creating before pasting them together






40. Similar embryological structures in different species - such as gill slits - may demonstrate that these species share a common ancestor.






41. A trait that masks the expression of another trait






42. Nucleotides that control which amino acids are added during protein synthesis






43. A mutation in which one nucleotide is replaced by another nucleotide






44. Selection acting against the extremes of a range of variation - resulting in resistance to change in allele frequencies






45. Geologic period that followed the Precambrian;means 'ancient life' - early life (570-286 million years ago); single cell organisms - shells - mollusks - rise of first vertebrates - rise of land plants - amphibians - insects - seed plants - and trees






46. The structure on a tRNA molecule that allows it interact with an mRNA molecule






47. All the genes in a population. genes are added by reproduction and immigration and lost by death and emigration






48. Movement of organisms ro of from a population






49. Reciprocal evolution in two species as a result of the selection pressure each imposes upon the other






50. When a few individuals become isolated from a larger population - this smaller group may establish a new population whose gene pool is different from their source population.