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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Process by which individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully; also called survival of the fittest






2. Change of an organism over time. This can be caused by changes in in habitat or need to adapt for survival.






3. What happens during the process of translation






4. It is the time from when the Earth formed and simple life - forms evolved (and it is the longest era)






5. Embryos of similar organisms have very similar early development indicating similar DNA at work






6. Describes a cell - nucleus - or organism that has only one set of unpaired chromosomes






7. The movement of individuals into an area






8. Ribosomes are made of...






9. Because of base pairing in DNA the amount of






10. Used radioactive sulfur and radioactive phosphorus to determine that DNA is the genetic material - by demonstrating that it is DNA that is injected by bacteriophages into bacterial cells during infection






11. Era of recent life that began about 66 million years ago and continues today; includes the first appearance Hominids






12. A DNA double helix is held together in the center by between nitrogenous bases






13. Deoxyribonucleic acid carries the genetic code for the proper functioning of an organism. It is composed of 5 carbon sugar (deoxyribose) four bases Adenine - Thymine - Cytosine and Guanine. the sugar is bonded to a phosphate group. This forms a long






14. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of one chromosome attaches to a nonhomologous chromosome






15. 2 alleles for a character separate during the formation of gametes - so that each gamete only carriers one allele for each character

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16. A distinct population of a species that varies from other populations of the same species.






17. One of the identical rods of a chromosome.






18. A type of natural selection in which genetic diversity decreases as the population stabilises on a particular trait value






19. You mate the unknown genotype with an organism showing the recessive trait. If any of the offspring show the recessive trait - the original unknown parent was heterozygous. If no recessive trats show up - the original parent was homozygous.






20. Transfer RNA; type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome






21. How many codons are needed to specify three amino acids






22. Translation occurs in the...






23. Group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area






24. Periods of little adaptive change






25. Layers of compressed sedimentary rock demonstrate the order or sequence at which events occurred. Cannot delineate the exact point of time - but is able to distinguish the order of events.






26. Evolution of the earth - which is hypothesized to have been formed over 4.6 billion years ago.






27. Mutation where an extra base is added






28. Any preserved remains of an organism from the past. Usually found in sedimentary rock.






29. Selection against one end of a range of variation - resulting in a progressive change in allele frequency






30. Disappearance of a species from all parts of its geographical range






31. Shows how the embryos of different groups resemble each other at particular stages. Similarities indicate groups may share a common ancestor






32. Three mRNA nucleotides that code for a specific amino acid






33. A process that results in an allele having a different probability of remaining in the gene pool compared with that of another allele






34. Trait evolves overtime; NO common ancestry






35. Process by which an organism is slowly turned to stone as the body is replaced by minerals.






36. Is found in DNA






37. A point of overlap of paired chromatids at which fusion and exchange of genetic material (crossing over) occurs during prophase I of meiosis.






38. Is a base found in DNA and RNA. In DNA its partner is Thymine. In RNA its partner is Uracil






39. Any indirect evidence of life preserved as an impression in rock; trails - footprints - tracks - burrows - and bite marks






40. A type of protein molecule found in the chromosomes of eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic cells






41. Building block of a nucleic acid (DNA and RNA)






42. Name for oism with one dominant and one recessive allele






43. Is any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome.






44. Selection acting against the extremes of a range of variation - resulting in resistance to change in allele frequencies






45. Earth's history organized into four eras: Precambrian - Paleozoic - Mesozoic - and Cenozoic






46. Independent segregation of genes during the formation of gametes






47. A model for the evolution of different froms over a long period of time but with only slight chchanges occring between successive generations






48. Form of reproductive isolation in which structural differences in the anatomy of reproductive organs prevent sperm transfer between individuals of different species






49. Selection for the ability to obtain a mate






50. When zygote does not complete development or is physically weaker than normal