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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Evolutionary process in which a species or related species folllow different evolutionary paths to eventually become less related






2. Chromosomes are collections of many






3. The specific location of a gene on a chromosome






4. Populations that can interbreed with neighboring populations but not with populations separated by larger geographical distances






5. Transfer RNA; type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome






6. Molecules that join together to form DNA and RNA. Monomers that make up a nucleic acid






7. Middle life (245-144 million years ago); rise of mammals and dinosaurs; the rise of birds; extinction of dinosaurs - rise of flowering plants






8. Nucleotides that control which amino acids are added during protein synthesis






9. A DNA double helix is held together in the center by between nitrogenous bases






10. Evolution of living things - based on evidence from the past and present.






11. The signal on a mRNA molecule that designates the end of the coding sequence is called the...






12. The formation of new species as a result of evolution






13. All the factors in an organism's surroundings that can potentially affect it






14. The final product of transcription is...






15. What does DNA stand for...






16. Relatively rapid proliferation from an ancestral type into new types which fill a diversity of ecological niches






17. Organ no longer serves a function






18. Is found in DNA






19. Uses metamorphic or igneous rock - calculates the age of an object by assessing the amount of radioactive element still present in the organism. Radioactive elements are slowly lost over time because of decay.






20. Building block of a nucleic acid (DNA and RNA)






21. Change of an organism over time. This can be caused by changes in in habitat or need to adapt for survival.






22. Form of reproductive isolation in which structural differences in the anatomy of reproductive organs prevent sperm transfer between individuals of different species






23. Human - like species that existed millions of years ago as witnessed through fossil evidence.






24. Movement of alleles into or out of a population due to the migration of individuals to or from the population






25. Building block of a protein






26. Chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual. These are X for female and Y for male. The female egg is an X while the male sperm can be X or Y






27. Deoxyribonucleic acid carries the genetic code for the proper functioning of an organism. It is composed of 5 carbon sugar (deoxyribose) four bases Adenine - Thymine - Cytosine and Guanine. the sugar is bonded to a phosphate group. This forms a long






28. It means chromosomes are paired. One of each chromosome in a pair originates from the father and one from the mother. They affect the same trait - but don't necessarily cause the same expression of the trait.






29. Determined the concept of complementary base pairing






30. Change to a chromosome in which part of the chromosome is repeated






31. Describes the isolation of a physical barrier e.g. body of water (ocean) or mountains






32. Is a base found in DNA and RNA. In DNA its partner is Thymine. In RNA its partner is Uracil






33. The banding pattern of a persons DNA after being cut and run on gel is called






34. Evolution resulting from small specific genetic changes that can lead to a new subspecies






35. Individual that is heterozygous for two traits; shows the phenotype governed by the dominant alleles but carries the recessive alleles






36. Is a sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait. This is because the sequence of bases code for certain proteins.






37. When competition causes two closely related species to become more different in regions where their ranges overlap






38. Science dealing with DNA and protein synthesis of living organisms. Manipulation of DNA.






39. Of a cell or organism having two sets of homologous chromosomes or twice the haploid number






40. A fossil known to have lived in a particular geologic age that can be used to date the rock layer in which it is found






41. The complete genetic material contained in an individual






42. These prevent fertilization between species e.g. diff breeding season - mating behaviour






43. Process by which an organism is slowly turned to stone as the body is replaced by minerals.






44. The molecules responsible for bringing amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis are






45. Ribosomes are made of...






46. What happens during the process of translation






47. How often a particular gene occurs in the population






48. The individuals choice of which mate they will choose. The choice is dependant on what traits the individual finds attractive. e.g some people will want their mates to be smart or pretty.






49. The environmental factors that favour certain phenotypes






50. A change or error in the DNA sequence