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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Predicts the possible outcome of a genetic cross.






2. T or F a codon consist of three nucleotides






3. Process in which DNA is duplicated






4. Is any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome.






5. Type of sympatric speciation that occurs when a new species is formed because of a change in microhabitats






6. How many codons are needed to specify three amino acids






7. The type of environment in which an organism or group normally lives or occurs






8. Middle life (245-144 million years ago); rise of mammals and dinosaurs; the rise of birds; extinction of dinosaurs - rise of flowering plants






9. A change in the base sequence of a gene






10. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of one chromosome attaches to a nonhomologous chromosome






11. Process by which one species gives rise to two or more species






12. It is the time from when the Earth formed and simple life - forms evolved (and it is the longest era)






13. Cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number of chromosomes. Mitosis involves growth and repair and occurs in the body cells.






14. The banding pattern of a persons DNA after being cut and run on gel is called






15. DNA is made of...






16. Transcrition occurs in the...






17. Shows how the embryos of different groups resemble each other at particular stages. Similarities indicate groups may share a common ancestor






18. A copy of a gene is made during a process called this






19. The comparison of the structures of different organisms






20. All the factors in an organism's surroundings that can potentially affect it






21. Individual that is heterozygous for two traits; shows the phenotype governed by the dominant alleles but carries the recessive alleles






22. An episode of large - scale extinction affecting many different groups of organisms within a short period of time






23. Physical characteristics of an organism based on its genotype. e.g. Plant that has a genotype of TT will have a phenotype of Tall.






24. The inherited characteristic often masked by the dominant characteristic and not seen in an organism. e.g. Tt plant will still be tall. Where T is the dominant trait for tall and t is the recessive trait for small.






25. A change in the base sequence of DNA; the ultimate source of new alleles






26. Mating of 2 oism that differ in 2 characters






27. The study relating the evolution of new charateristics to changes in the genes controlling development






28. When a few individuals become isolated from a larger population - this smaller group may establish a new population whose gene pool is different from their source population.






29. Molecules that join together to form DNA and RNA. Monomers that make up a nucleic acid






30. Periods of rapid evolution punctuated by periods of little change






31. During transcription an RNA molecule is formed






32. Types of rocks formed after exposure to very high heat. Because of the high temperatures - fossils are not able to be recovered from these types of rocks. Absolute or radioactive dating is possible - however.






33. A process where the organisms that have traits that aid in its survival (adaptive traits) will reproduce to pass that trait to futher generations thus increasing the frequency of that trait in the population. Vice versa traits that reduce the chance






34. Ribosomes are made of...






35. Is the genetic makeup of an organism (TT or Tt) ; All the combinations of genes you have for a certain trait.






36. An evolutionary 'branch' and its daughter 'twigs'






37. When chromosome is changed by radiation and chemicals - results a permanent structural change in the chromosome - which will no longer be able to pair with its homologous pair. Eg - deletion - duplication - inversion and translocation.






38. Impression made from a organism in soft material such as sand or mud.






39. Pea plants






40. Used radioactive sulfur and radioactive phosphorus to determine that DNA is the genetic material - by demonstrating that it is DNA that is injected by bacteriophages into bacterial cells during infection






41. The independant evolution of similar traits - starting from a similar ancestral condition






42. Change to a chromosome in which part of the chromosome is repeated






43. Condition in which an organism has extra sets of chromosomes






44. What is one benefit for having two strands of DNA?






45. A limb with five digits (fingers)






46. How often a particular gene occurs in the population






47. These prevent fertilization between species e.g. diff breeding season - mating behaviour






48. Synonym for protein; chain of amino acids






49. A process that results in an allele having a different probability of remaining in the gene pool compared with that of another allele






50. The capacity of an individual of certain genotype to reproduce. It is usually equal to the proportion of the individual's genes in all the genes of the next generation