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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Used x ray cyrstallography to create an image of DNA






2. Natural disaster eliminates most of the population - members left contribute the alleles for the new population.






3. Selection for the ability to obtain a mate






4. A combining of genes or characters different from what they were in the parents






5. Describes the isolation of a physical barrier e.g. body of water (ocean) or mountains






6. Relatively rapid proliferation from an ancestral type into new types which fill a diversity of ecological niches






7. Is any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome.






8. How often a form of a gene appears in a gene pool






9. Separates DNA by size






10. Translation occurs in the...






11. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of the chromosome is removed






12. A group of organisms whose members are sufficiently alike to be able to reproduce and produce fertile offspring and who are unable to reproduce with other such groups






13. Innate trait; shared ancestry






14. Term used to refer to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait. e.g TT is the homozygous genotype for Tall.






15. The final product of transcription is...






16. Types of rocks formed after exposure to very high heat. Because of the high temperatures - fossils are not able to be recovered from these types of rocks. Absolute or radioactive dating is possible - however.






17. Structure present in an organism however does NOT have a known function. May link organisms with similar vestigial structures. Example: appendix - coccyx bone - whale leg bones.






18. A trait that masks the expression of another trait






19. Any indirect evidence of life preserved as an impression in rock; trails - footprints - tracks - burrows - and bite marks






20. A change or error in the DNA sequence






21. Impression made from a organism in soft material such as sand or mud.






22. Populations that can interbreed with neighboring populations but not with populations separated by larger geographical distances






23. Individual that is heterozygous for two traits; shows the phenotype governed by the dominant alleles but carries the recessive alleles






24. Proteins are made of...






25. Reciprocal evolution in two species as a result of the selection pressure each imposes upon the other






26. A fossil known to have lived in a particular geologic age that can be used to date the rock layer in which it is found






27. Is a sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait. This is because the sequence of bases code for certain proteins.






28. A codon is made of...






29. Organisms with similar functions - but different underlying structure. Example: bird and insect wing. These structures do NOT show a common ancestral link.






30. Molecules that join together to form DNA and RNA. Monomers that make up a nucleic acid






31. DNA that is coiled around proteins






32. When a few individuals become isolated from a larger population - this smaller group may establish a new population whose gene pool is different from their source population.






33. Type of rock made from small pieces of other rocks and organisms pressed together. Source of fossil preservation. Limited radioactive or absolute dating potential.






34. Human - like species that existed millions of years ago as witnessed through fossil evidence.






35. A type of natural selection in which genetic diversity decreases as the population stabilises on a particular trait value






36. An ancestor that two or more descendants have in common






37. Mutation where an extra base is added






38. Pea plants






39. Is active during transcription






40. Earth's history organized into four eras: Precambrian - Paleozoic - Mesozoic - and Cenozoic






41. Is a trait that is more expressed than another trait. Is written in capital letters for Genotype. E.g Tall genotype is TT or Tt where T is the allele for tall trait and t is the trait for small. T will be expressed more.






42. Two alternative forms of a gene e.g Tall vs Short






43. The condition in which there is no change in allele frequencies from generation to generation (i.e. no evolution)






44. Selection against one end of a range of variation - resulting in a progressive change in allele frequency






45. Synonym for protein; chain of amino acids






46. Another term for pure breeding






47. Consists of all genes - including all the different alleles - that are present in a population






48. The inherited characteristic often masked by the dominant characteristic and not seen in an organism. e.g. Tt plant will still be tall. Where T is the dominant trait for tall and t is the recessive trait for small.






49. Form of reproductive isolation in which two populations reproduce at different times






50. An evolutionary 'branch' and its daughter 'twigs'