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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Process by which an organism is slowly turned to stone as the body is replaced by minerals.






2. A type of barrier between species; the species remain isolated because male and femal gametes of the different species cannot fuse - or they die before they unite.






3. Organism is preserved at very low temperatures. Preservation of both hard and soft parts can occur.






4. The comparison of the structures of different organisms






5. One of the types of fossils made from hardened tree resin. Preserves both hard and soft parts.






6. Mating of an individual of unknown genotype but dominant phenotype w/ a homozygous recessive individual






7. A process where the organisms that have traits that aid in its survival (adaptive traits) will reproduce to pass that trait to futher generations thus increasing the frequency of that trait in the population. Vice versa traits that reduce the chance






8. Organ no longer serves a function






9. The movement of genes between populations as a result of mating of migration






10. Selection acting against the extremes of a range of variation - resulting in resistance to change in allele frequencies






11. Cell division that produces reproductive cells or gamates.This occurs in the gonads (testicle and ovaries in animals) Here the chromosome number is halved the original amount. (each new cell has a haploid number = n) All daughter cells are not geneti






12. Science dealing with DNA and protein synthesis of living organisms. Manipulation of DNA.






13. How often a form of a gene appears in a gene pool






14. Describes the existence of a prezygotic reproductive barrier between two species as a result of them occupying or breeding in different habitats within the same general geographical area






15. Is a base found in DNA and RNA. Cytosine pairs with Guanine in DNA






16. All the genes in a population. genes are added by reproduction and immigration and lost by death and emigration






17. Era of recent life that began about 66 million years ago and continues today; includes the first appearance Hominids






18. Is active during transcription






19. Separation of species or populations so that they cannot interbreed and produce fertile offspring






20. A fossil known to have lived in a particular geologic age that can be used to date the rock layer in which it is found






21. Messenger RNA; type of RNA that carries instructions from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome






22. The region of the chromosome that holds the two sister chromatids together during mitosis






23. Individual that is heterozygous for two traits; shows the phenotype governed by the dominant alleles but carries the recessive alleles






24. Type of sympatric speciation that occurs when a new species is formed because of a change in microhabitats






25. Selection against one end of a range of variation - resulting in a progressive change in allele frequency






26. Evolution of superficial phenotypic similarity of form as a result of similar selection pressures






27. An equilibrium in the occurence of two or more different froms within the same population usually caused by different allele combiinations of a gene






28. Cross where you cross unknown genotype with a recessive






29. The signal on a mRNA molecule that designates the end of the coding sequence is called the...






30. Cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number of chromosomes. Mitosis involves growth and repair and occurs in the body cells.






31. Similar DNA sequences or protein structures (such as hemoglobin) may link different species to a similar ancestor.






32. Determined the complete double helical structure of DNA






33. One of the identical rods of a chromosome.






34. When F1 is fully fertile but F2 has low fertility (rice - cotton)






35. Threadlike structure within the nucleus containing the genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next






36. Structure present in an organism however does NOT have a known function. May link organisms with similar vestigial structures. Example: appendix - coccyx bone - whale leg bones.






37. Is a trait that is more expressed than another trait. Is written in capital letters for Genotype. E.g Tall genotype is TT or Tt where T is the allele for tall trait and t is the trait for small. T will be expressed more.






38. Is the genetic makeup of an organism (TT or Tt) ; All the combinations of genes you have for a certain trait.






39. The movement of individuals into an area






40. Group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area






41. Features of different species tat are similar in function but not necessarily in structure and in which the similarity is not the result of common ancestry






42. It means chromosomes are paired. One of each chromosome in a pair originates from the father and one from the mother. They affect the same trait - but don't necessarily cause the same expression of the trait.






43. Change in allele frequencies as a result of the migration of a small subgroup of a population






44. Predicts the possible outcome of a genetic cross.






45. Proteins are made of...






46. Ribosomes are made of...






47. Mutation where an extra base is added






48. A combining of genes or characters different from what they were in the parents






49. T or F If a nucleic acid contain uracil it is DNA






50. Any preserved remains of an organism from the past. Usually found in sedimentary rock.