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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Gradual evolution within a lineage






2. How many codons are needed to specify three amino acids






3. Similar embryological structures in different species - such as gill slits - may demonstrate that these species share a common ancestor.






4. The capacity of an individual of certain genotype to reproduce. It is usually equal to the proportion of the individual's genes in all the genes of the next generation






5. An ancestor that two or more descendants have in common






6. A type of protein molecule found in the chromosomes of eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic cells






7. Selection against one end of a range of variation - resulting in a progressive change in allele frequency






8. Change to a chromosome in which part of the chromosome is repeated






9. One of the identical rods of a chromosome.






10. Mating of an individual of unknown genotype but dominant phenotype w/ a homozygous recessive individual






11. A pairing where the parent plants differ in only one character.






12. Change in a DNA sequence that affects genetic information






13. When chromosome is changed by radiation and chemicals - results a permanent structural change in the chromosome - which will no longer be able to pair with its homologous pair. Eg - deletion - duplication - inversion and translocation.






14. Describes a cell - nucleus - or organism that has only one set of unpaired chromosomes






15. Inherited feature that tends to prevent species from interbreeding with other species






16. Science dealing with DNA and protein synthesis of living organisms. Manipulation of DNA.






17. Trait where heterozygous is a blending of two alleles






18. The banding pattern of a persons DNA after being cut and run on gel is called






19. Form of reproductive isolation in which structural differences in the anatomy of reproductive organs prevent sperm transfer between individuals of different species






20. The condition in which there is no change in allele frequencies from generation to generation (i.e. no evolution)






21. Organism is preserved at very low temperatures. Preservation of both hard and soft parts can occur.






22. The adaptive increase in pigmentation as a result of human - induced pollutants






23. Evolutionary process in which a species or related species folllow different evolutionary paths to eventually become less related






24. Separation of species or populations so that they cannot interbreed and produce fertile offspring






25. The sum total of an organism's requirements; its way of life






26. A limb with five digits (fingers)






27. Two alternative forms of a gene e.g Tall vs Short






28. Middle life (245-144 million years ago); rise of mammals and dinosaurs; the rise of birds; extinction of dinosaurs - rise of flowering plants






29. Predicts the possible outcome of a genetic cross.






30. Threadlike structure within the nucleus containing the genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next






31. Features that are superficially similar but have different modes of development






32. Transcrition occurs in the...






33. Earth's history organized into four eras: Precambrian - Paleozoic - Mesozoic - and Cenozoic






34. The enzyme that binds to the promoter region of a gene during transcription is called...






35. Change in allele frequencies as a result of the migration of a small subgroup of a population






36. The study of the past and present distribution of species.






37. Ribosomes are made of...






38. Type of sympatric speciation that occurs when a new species is formed because of a change in microhabitats






39. Independent segregation of genes during the formation of gametes






40. Any preserved remains of an organism from the past. Usually found in sedimentary rock.






41. Structure present in an organism however does NOT have a known function. May link organisms with similar vestigial structures. Example: appendix - coccyx bone - whale leg bones.






42. One of the types of fossils made from hardened tree resin. Preserves both hard and soft parts.






43. Used radioactive sulfur and radioactive phosphorus to determine that DNA is the genetic material - by demonstrating that it is DNA that is injected by bacteriophages into bacterial cells during infection






44. Another term for pure breeding






45. A process that results in an allele having a different probability of remaining in the gene pool compared with that of another allele






46. Is found in DNA






47. Is a sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait. This is because the sequence of bases code for certain proteins.






48. Of a cell or organism having two sets of homologous chromosomes or twice the haploid number






49. Determined the complete double helical structure of DNA






50. Is a base found in DNA and RNA. This base pairs with Cytosine in DNA