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CSET Genetics And Evolution
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Subjects
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cset
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science
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genetics
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A group of organisms of the same species occupying a given area.
index fossil
Geologic Evolution
Convergent Evolution
Population
2. A model for the evolution of different froms over a long period of time but with only slight chchanges occring between successive generations
Phyletic Gradualism (anagenesis)
clinC
Allele Frequency
Petrification
3. The movement of individuals into an area
Immigration
Codon
DNA
Haploid/Monoploid
4. Any preserved remains of an organism from the past. Usually found in sedimentary rock.
Fossil
Chargaff
Fossils
Cenozoic era
5. A nucleotide of RNA is made of...
ribose - phosphate - and a base
Cenozoic era
molecular evidence
Microevolution
6. Different alleles for a gene
Isolating Mechanism
mRNA
Heterozygote
Population
7. Three dimensional shape of organism made from a mold. May be created with plaster or over time with minerals.
Cast
Monophyletic
Dihybrid
Ecological Barrier
8. The individuals choice of which mate they will choose. The choice is dependant on what traits the individual finds attractive. e.g some people will want their mates to be smart or pretty.
Hershey and Chase
Mate Selection
Chromosomes
tRNA
9. Group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring
Common Ancestor
Genetic Drift
Absolute dating
Species
10. Group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area
mRNA
proteins
Population
Centromere
11. The study of the structures of different organisms - looking at homologous parts
Alleles
Population
Stasis
Comparative Anatomy
12. Relatively rapid proliferation from an ancestral type into new types which fill a diversity of ecological niches
rRNA
Adaptive Radiation
Hominid
mRNA
13. Independent segregation of genes during the formation of gametes
Absolute dating
Sub - species
cytosine in DNA is about equal to the percentage of guanine molecules
Independent assortment
14. Evolution of the earth - which is hypothesized to have been formed over 4.6 billion years ago.
watson and crick
Igneous and metamorphic rock
Geologic Evolution
Pentadactyl limb
15. Another term for pure breeding
codon
that is complementary to a single strand of DNA
Homozygous
Phenotype
16. An evolutionary 'branch' and its daughter 'twigs'
Bottle neck effect
Clade
Codon
Evo Devo
17. Similar DNA sequences or protein structures (such as hemoglobin) may link different species to a similar ancestor.
Hershey and Chase
Hybrid
true
molecular evidence
18. Science dealing with DNA and protein synthesis of living organisms. Manipulation of DNA.
Directional Selection
Relative dating
Molecular biology
Temporal Isolation
19. A codon is made of...
Mutation
mRNA
Genetic Equilibrium
3 nucleotides
20. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events
Genetic Drift
rRNA
geologic time scale
Histone
21. DNA that is coiled around proteins
Homologous Structures
Population
stop codon
chromatin
22. Term used to refer to an organism that has two different alleles for the same trait. e.g Tt is the heterozygous genotype for Tall.
Reproductive Isolation
Relative dating
Heterozygous
Phenotype
23. Building block of a protein
amino acid
Sequential Evolution
Ice
Heritable variation
24. Selection acting against the middle of a range of variation
Disruptive Selection
Mendel's Principle of Segregation
transcription
Mitosis
25. Chromosomes are collections of many
genes
Parallel Evolution
Stabilising
Isolating Mechanism
26. Is any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome.
Autosomes
Coevolution
introns
Mendel's traits are now called _____ found on DNA
27. Building block of a nucleic acid (DNA and RNA)
Mechanical (morphological) Isolation
Hybrid
nucleotide
If you lose one then you will still have one to back you up.
28. Is the genetic makeup of an organism (TT or Tt) ; All the combinations of genes you have for a certain trait.
Dihybrid Cross
Gene Flow
Testcross
Genotype
29. A distinct population of a species that varies from other populations of the same species.
mRNA
Sub - species
nucleotides
Monophyletic
30. Breeding organisms with specific traits in order to produce offspring with identical traits
restriction enzymes - sticky ends
Genotype
Evo Devo
Artificial selection
31. Describes the isolation of a physical barrier e.g. body of water (ocean) or mountains
index fossil
Mutation
Hybrid Infertility
Geographical Isolation
32. A genetic crosses that involve one trait. e.g TT plant crossed with tt plant has offspring who are heterozygous Tt.
Mutation
Monohybrid
thymine
Phenotype
33. Any agent that can cause a change in DNA
Gene frequency
Fossils
Vestigial organs
Mutagen
34. When F1 is fully fertile but F2 has low fertility (rice - cotton)
Mendel's Principle of Segregation
Dihybrid
Hybrid Breakdown
Comparative Anatomy
35. Era of recent life that began about 66 million years ago and continues today; includes the first appearance Hominids
Natural Selection
Balanced Polymorphism
Cenozoic era
Gametic
36. The adaptive increase in pigmentation as a result of human - induced pollutants
Paleozoic era
Divergent Evolution
Industrial Melanism
Ecological Barrier
37. T or F a codon consist of three nucleotides
Sedimentary Rock
Gene flow
Phenotype
true
38. A trait that masks the expression of another trait
embryological evidence
Dominant
Ring Species
its negative charge
39. Describes a cell - nucleus - or organism that has only one set of unpaired chromosomes
Haploid/Monoploid
DNA fingerprint
Comparative anatomy
Mutation
40. The final product of transcription is...
Genotype
mRNA
Recombination
Environment
41. Physical characteristics of an organism based on its genotype. e.g. Plant that has a genotype of TT will have a phenotype of Tall.
Absolute dating
Allele Frequency
3 nucleotides
Phenotype
42. Geologic period that followed the Precambrian;means 'ancient life' - early life (570-286 million years ago); single cell organisms - shells - mollusks - rise of first vertebrates - rise of land plants - amphibians - insects - seed plants - and trees
Chromosomes
Paleozoic era
Gene Flow
Bottleneck Effect
43. A unique combination of traits that are passed down from one generation to another.
Precambrian era
Germ
Geographical Isolation
Heritable variation
44. Trait evolves overtime; NO common ancestry
Migration
Stasis
analogous (Evolution Evidence)
Homologous Structures
45. A body cell
Hybrid Infertility
Somatic
Biogeography
Allele
46. Cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number of chromosomes. Mitosis involves growth and repair and occurs in the body cells.
Mitosis
Mutation
Allopatric Speciation
Independent assortment
47. A change or error in the DNA sequence
Genotype
Analogous Features
mutation
Double Helix
48. When a few individuals become isolated from a larger population - this smaller group may establish a new population whose gene pool is different from their source population.
Founder effect
trace fossils
Monohybrid Cross
Monohybrid
49. A type of barrier between species; the species remain isolated because male and femal gametes of the different species cannot fuse - or they die before they unite.
Germ
Gametic
Evo Devo
Insertion
50. Innate trait; shared ancestry
Ecological Barrier
Selection pressure
Sympatric Speciation
homologous (Evolution Evidence)
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