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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. shape of a DNA molecule formed when two twisted DNA strands are coiled into a springlike structure and held together by hydrogen bonds between the bases.






2. During transcription an RNA molecule is formed






3. A type of barrier between species; the species remain isolated because male and femal gametes of the different species cannot fuse - or they die before they unite.






4. Structures in different but related species that are derived from the same ancestral structure but now serve different purposes.






5. The banding pattern of a persons DNA after being cut and run on gel is called






6. Reciprocal evolution in two species as a result of the selection pressure each imposes upon the other






7. Trait evolves overtime; NO common ancestry






8. An evolutionary 'branch' and its daughter 'twigs'






9. Type of sympatric speciation that occurs when a new species is formed because of a change in microhabitats






10. The movement of genes between populations as a result of mating of migration






11. Human - like species that existed millions of years ago as witnessed through fossil evidence.






12. Features of different species tat are similar in function but not necessarily in structure and in which the similarity is not the result of common ancestry






13. Hybrid is sterile so biologically unfit






14. When zygote does not complete development or is physically weaker than normal






15. Impression made from a organism in soft material such as sand or mud.






16. Selection against one end of a range of variation - resulting in a progressive change in allele frequency






17. Is any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome.






18. In the event of a sperm fertilizing an egg of another species - mechanisms that prevent result being fruitful






19. Organ no longer serves a function






20. Chromosomes are collections of many






21. When F1 is fully fertile but F2 has low fertility (rice - cotton)






22. Form of reproductive isolation in which structural differences in the anatomy of reproductive organs prevent sperm transfer between individuals of different species






23. Group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area






24. All the genes in a population. genes are added by reproduction and immigration and lost by death and emigration






25. A point of overlap of paired chromatids at which fusion and exchange of genetic material (crossing over) occurs during prophase I of meiosis.






26. Any indirect evidence of life preserved as an impression in rock; trails - footprints - tracks - burrows - and bite marks






27. Of a cell or organism having two sets of homologous chromosomes or twice the haploid number






28. The offspring of a cross between two inbred lines within a single species. May also refer to the offspring of across between two species






29. A type of protein molecule found in the chromosomes of eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic cells






30. Physical characteristics of an organism based on its genotype. e.g. Plant that has a genotype of TT will have a phenotype of Tall.






31. Evolution of the earth - which is hypothesized to have been formed over 4.6 billion years ago.






32. Building block of a protein






33. Layers of compressed sedimentary rock demonstrate the order or sequence at which events occurred. Cannot delineate the exact point of time - but is able to distinguish the order of events.






34. The study relating the evolution of new charateristics to changes in the genes controlling development






35. Inherited feature that tends to prevent species from interbreeding with other species






36. Is active during transcription






37. A change in the base sequence of DNA; the ultimate source of new alleles






38. The inherited characteristic often masked by the dominant characteristic and not seen in an organism. e.g. Tt plant will still be tall. Where T is the dominant trait for tall and t is the recessive trait for small.






39. Deoxyribonucleic acid carries the genetic code for the proper functioning of an organism. It is composed of 5 carbon sugar (deoxyribose) four bases Adenine - Thymine - Cytosine and Guanine. the sugar is bonded to a phosphate group. This forms a long






40. A change or error in the DNA sequence






41. The specific location of a gene on a chromosome






42. Term used to refer to an organism that has two different alleles for the same trait. e.g Tt is the heterozygous genotype for Tall.






43. A process where the organisms that have traits that aid in its survival (adaptive traits) will reproduce to pass that trait to futher generations thus increasing the frequency of that trait in the population. Vice versa traits that reduce the chance






44. Periods of rapid evolution punctuated by periods of little change






45. Used x ray cyrstallography to create an image of DNA






46. Ribosomal RNA; type of RNA that makes up part of the ribosome






47. Individual that is heterozygous for two traits; shows the phenotype governed by the dominant alleles but carries the recessive alleles






48. The region of the chromosome that holds the two sister chromatids together during mitosis






49. Gene

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50. Nucleotides that control which amino acids are added during protein synthesis