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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Is active during transcription






2. Different alleles for a gene






3. What does DNA stand for...






4. Dna moves during electrophoresis because of...






5. Evolution of superficial phenotypic similarity of form as a result of similar selection pressures






6. A geographic gradient in the extent to which a character is developed in a species






7. An organism that has characteristics resulting from chromosomal alteration. This is a result of crossing over of the chromosomes during Meiosis - mutations and random segregation.






8. Process by which one species gives rise to two or more species






9. process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis.






10. Hybrid is sterile so biologically unfit






11. A process where the organisms that have traits that aid in its survival (adaptive traits) will reproduce to pass that trait to futher generations thus increasing the frequency of that trait in the population. Vice versa traits that reduce the chance






12. The formation of new species as a result of evolution






13. T or F a codon consist of three nucleotides






14. Similar embryological structures in different species - such as gill slits - may demonstrate that these species share a common ancestor.






15. A change or error in the DNA sequence






16. Type of sympatric speciation that occurs when a new species is formed because of a change in microhabitats






17. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of one chromosome attaches to a nonhomologous chromosome






18. Form of reproductive isolation in which structural differences in the anatomy of reproductive organs prevent sperm transfer between individuals of different species






19. Populations that can interbreed with neighboring populations but not with populations separated by larger geographical distances






20. Term used to refer to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait. e.g TT is the homozygous genotype for Tall.






21. The comparison of the structures of different organisms






22. Embryos of similar organisms have very similar early development indicating similar DNA at work






23. Evolution of the earth - which is hypothesized to have been formed over 4.6 billion years ago.






24. Change in allele frequencies as a result of the migration of a small subgroup of a population






25. Type of rock made from small pieces of other rocks and organisms pressed together. Source of fossil preservation. Limited radioactive or absolute dating potential.






26. Translation occurs in the...






27. How many codons are needed to specify three amino acids






28. Term used to refer to an organism that has two different alleles for the same trait. e.g Tt is the heterozygous genotype for Tall.






29. One of the identical rods of a chromosome.






30. Cell division that produces reproductive cells or gamates.This occurs in the gonads (testicle and ovaries in animals) Here the chromosome number is halved the original amount. (each new cell has a haploid number = n) All daughter cells are not geneti






31. Is a base found in DNA and RNA. In DNA its partner is Thymine. In RNA its partner is Uracil






32. DNA is made of...






33. Actual remains of an organism such as bones - teeth - shells - etc.






34. Change in a DNA sequence that affects genetic information






35. Periods of rapid evolution punctuated by periods of little change






36. Describes the isolation of a physical barrier e.g. body of water (ocean) or mountains






37. Trait where heterozygous is a blending of two alleles






38. What happens during the process of translation






39. A small simple structure (as a fertilized egg) from which new tissue can develop into a complete organism. It is also a cell






40. Process by which a ribosome uses the code on mRNA to make proteins






41. You mate the unknown genotype with an organism showing the recessive trait. If any of the offspring show the recessive trait - the original unknown parent was heterozygous. If no recessive trats show up - the original parent was homozygous.






42. Three dimensional shape of organism made from a mold. May be created with plaster or over time with minerals.






43. Individual that is heterozygous for two traits; shows the phenotype governed by the dominant alleles but carries the recessive alleles






44. When competition causes two closely related species to become more different in regions where their ranges overlap






45. Middle life (245-144 million years ago); rise of mammals and dinosaurs; the rise of birds; extinction of dinosaurs - rise of flowering plants






46. Another term for pure breeding






47. Proteins are made of...






48. A population partially isolated from other populations of the same species






49. When chromosome is changed by radiation and chemicals - results a permanent structural change in the chromosome - which will no longer be able to pair with its homologous pair. Eg - deletion - duplication - inversion and translocation.






50. Evolutionary process in which a species or related species folllow different evolutionary paths to eventually become less related