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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. How often a particular gene occurs in the population






2. Relatively rapid proliferation from an ancestral type into new types which fill a diversity of ecological niches






3. Copying the code from DNA onto mRNA






4. The complete genetic material contained in an individual






5. Similar DNA sequences or protein structures (such as hemoglobin) may link different species to a similar ancestor.






6. The formation of new species as a result of evolution






7. Organ no longer serves a function






8. Is active during transcription






9. The study of the past and present distribution of species.






10. The movement of individuals into an area






11. Describes a cell - nucleus - or organism that has only one set of unpaired chromosomes






12. Organ that serves no useful function in an organism






13. Physical characteristics of an organism based on its genotype. e.g. Plant that has a genotype of TT will have a phenotype of Tall.






14. Translation occurs in the...






15. Consists of all genes - including all the different alleles - that are present in a population






16. Is any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome.






17. A taxon originating from and including a single common ancestor






18. Form of reproductive isolation in which structural differences in the anatomy of reproductive organs prevent sperm transfer between individuals of different species






19. A change in the base sequence of DNA; the ultimate source of new alleles






20. Determined the concept of complementary base pairing






21. Natural selection that causes the frequency of a particular allele to move in one direction






22. Innate trait; shared ancestry






23. Any indirect evidence of life preserved as an impression in rock; trails - footprints - tracks - burrows - and bite marks






24. Heteros have a phenotype tintertmediate b/t phenotypes of the 2 homoz






25. Structures in different but related species that are derived from the same ancestral structure but now serve different purposes.






26. To create a recombinant DNA molecule - one would have to first cut two DNAs with creating before pasting them together






27. A change or error in the DNA sequence






28. A process where the organisms that have traits that aid in its survival (adaptive traits) will reproduce to pass that trait to futher generations thus increasing the frequency of that trait in the population. Vice versa traits that reduce the chance






29. Transfer RNA; type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome






30. What is one benefit for having two strands of DNA?






31. Separates DNA by size






32. Pea plants






33. Ribosomal RNA; type of RNA that makes up part of the ribosome






34. Cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number of chromosomes. Mitosis involves growth and repair and occurs in the body cells.






35. Geologic period that followed the Precambrian;means 'ancient life' - early life (570-286 million years ago); single cell organisms - shells - mollusks - rise of first vertebrates - rise of land plants - amphibians - insects - seed plants - and trees






36. A DNA double helix is held together in the center by between nitrogenous bases






37. T or F If a nucleic acid contain uracil it is DNA






38. Organisms with similar functions - but different underlying structure. Example: bird and insect wing. These structures do NOT show a common ancestral link.






39. T or F A cloned organism has the same proteins as another organism






40. How many codons are needed to specify three amino acids






41. Type of rock made from small pieces of other rocks and organisms pressed together. Source of fossil preservation. Limited radioactive or absolute dating potential.






42. Is a trait that is more expressed than another trait. Is written in capital letters for Genotype. E.g Tall genotype is TT or Tt where T is the allele for tall trait and t is the trait for small. T will be expressed more.






43. A process that results in an allele having a different probability of remaining in the gene pool compared with that of another allele






44. Process in which DNA is duplicated






45. What does DNA stand for...






46. The offspring of a cross between two inbred lines within a single species. May also refer to the offspring of across between two species






47. Selection acting against the extremes of a range of variation - resulting in resistance to change in allele frequencies






48. The evolutionary process by which a species becomes better suited to its niche.






49. Ribosomes are made of...






50. It means chromosomes are paired. One of each chromosome in a pair originates from the father and one from the mother. They affect the same trait - but don't necessarily cause the same expression of the trait.