Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Term used to refer to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait. e.g TT is the homozygous genotype for Tall.






2. Type of sympatric speciation that occurs when a new species is formed because of a change in microhabitats






3. The evolutionary process by which a species becomes better suited to its niche.






4. Actual remains of an organism such as bones - teeth - shells - etc.






5. The region of the chromosome that holds the two sister chromatids together during mitosis






6. A process that results in an allele having a different probability of remaining in the gene pool compared with that of another allele






7. T or F A cloned organism has the same proteins as another organism






8. Type of rock made from small pieces of other rocks and organisms pressed together. Source of fossil preservation. Limited radioactive or absolute dating potential.






9. Proteins are made of...






10. A DNA double helix is held together in the center by between nitrogenous bases






11. Chromosomes are collections of many






12. Innate trait; shared ancestry






13. Pea plants






14. When zygote does not complete development or is physically weaker than normal






15. Term used to refer to an organism that has two different alleles for the same trait. e.g Tt is the heterozygous genotype for Tall.






16. Nucleotides that control which amino acids are added during protein synthesis






17. Evolution of living things - based on evidence from the past and present.






18. Populations that can interbreed with neighboring populations but not with populations separated by larger geographical distances






19. Organ no longer serves a function






20. You mate the unknown genotype with an organism showing the recessive trait. If any of the offspring show the recessive trait - the original unknown parent was heterozygous. If no recessive trats show up - the original parent was homozygous.






21. Evolution of superficial phenotypic similarity of form as a result of similar selection pressures






22. Evolution resulting from small specific genetic changes that can lead to a new subspecies






23. A body cell






24. An equilibrium in the occurence of two or more different froms within the same population usually caused by different allele combiinations of a gene






25. Describes a cell - nucleus - or organism that has only one set of unpaired chromosomes






26. Are noncoding sequences in the gene that are removed from RNA after transcription






27. A process where the organisms that have traits that aid in its survival (adaptive traits) will reproduce to pass that trait to futher generations thus increasing the frequency of that trait in the population. Vice versa traits that reduce the chance






28. Uses metamorphic or igneous rock - calculates the age of an object by assessing the amount of radioactive element still present in the organism. Radioactive elements are slowly lost over time because of decay.






29. Natural selection that causes the frequency of a particular allele to move in one direction






30. How often a form of a gene appears in a gene pool






31. An evolutionary 'branch' and its daughter 'twigs'






32. Selection against one end of a range of variation - resulting in a progressive change in allele frequency






33. T or F a codon consist of three nucleotides






34. Types of rocks formed after exposure to very high heat. Because of the high temperatures - fossils are not able to be recovered from these types of rocks. Absolute or radioactive dating is possible - however.






35. Structure present in an organism however does NOT have a known function. May link organisms with similar vestigial structures. Example: appendix - coccyx bone - whale leg bones.






36. Transcrition occurs in the...






37. One of the identical rods of a chromosome.






38. The final product of transcription is...






39. Any preserved remains of an organism from the past. Usually found in sedimentary rock.






40. A mutation in which one nucleotide is replaced by another nucleotide






41. Separates DNA by size






42. A type of natural selection in which genetic diversity decreases as the population stabilises on a particular trait value






43. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events






44. Messenger RNA; type of RNA that carries instructions from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome






45. Inherited feature that tends to prevent species from interbreeding with other species






46. A base found in DNA (but not in RNA). This base pairs with Adenine.






47. The number of times an allele appears in a population






48. All the factors in an organism's surroundings that can potentially affect it






49. Condition in which an organism has extra sets of chromosomes






50. Method of replication that implies that each new strand of DNA is half original and half new