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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Used radioactive sulfur and radioactive phosphorus to determine that DNA is the genetic material - by demonstrating that it is DNA that is injected by bacteriophages into bacterial cells during infection






2. Is the genetic makeup of an organism (TT or Tt) ; All the combinations of genes you have for a certain trait.






3. An episode of large - scale extinction affecting many different groups of organisms within a short period of time






4. Organism is preserved at very low temperatures. Preservation of both hard and soft parts can occur.






5. Describes the isolation of a physical barrier e.g. body of water (ocean) or mountains






6. A type of natural selection in which genetic diversity decreases as the population stabilises on a particular trait value






7. The inherited characteristic often masked by the dominant characteristic and not seen in an organism. e.g. Tt plant will still be tall. Where T is the dominant trait for tall and t is the recessive trait for small.






8. Natural selection that causes the frequency of a particular allele to move in one direction






9. A point of overlap of paired chromatids at which fusion and exchange of genetic material (crossing over) occurs during prophase I of meiosis.






10. Process by which a ribosome uses the code on mRNA to make proteins






11. Form of reproductive isolation in which structural differences in the anatomy of reproductive organs prevent sperm transfer between individuals of different species






12. Is found in DNA






13. Features of different species tat are similar in function but not necessarily in structure and in which the similarity is not the result of common ancestry






14. Is a base found in DNA and RNA. This base pairs with Cytosine in DNA






15. Organisms with similar functions - but different underlying structure. Example: bird and insect wing. These structures do NOT show a common ancestral link.






16. DNA is made of...






17. Ribosomes are made of...






18. When competition causes two closely related species to become more different in regions where their ranges overlap






19. Innate trait; shared ancestry






20. An evolutionary 'branch' and its daughter 'twigs'






21. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of one chromosome attaches to a nonhomologous chromosome






22. Recognize and cut DNA at specific sequences usually palindromes






23. How often a form of a gene appears in a gene pool






24. A copy of a gene is made during a process called this






25. Trait evolves overtime; NO common ancestry






26. Different alleles for a gene






27. Inherited feature that tends to prevent species from interbreeding with other species






28. Term used to refer to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait. e.g TT is the homozygous genotype for Tall.






29. Translation occurs in the...






30. Determined the complete double helical structure of DNA






31. Relatively rapid proliferation from an ancestral type into new types which fill a diversity of ecological niches






32. Change to a chromosome in which part of the chromosome is repeated






33. Mutation where an extra base is added






34. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of the chromosome is removed






35. Visual expression of a trait






36. A codon is made of...






37. Messenger RNA; type of RNA that carries instructions from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome






38. What is one benefit for having two strands of DNA?






39. When F1 is fully fertile but F2 has low fertility (rice - cotton)






40. A type of protein molecule found in the chromosomes of eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic cells






41. Molecules that join together to form DNA and RNA. Monomers that make up a nucleic acid






42. The capacity of an individual of certain genotype to reproduce. It is usually equal to the proportion of the individual's genes in all the genes of the next generation






43. A taxon originating from and including a single common ancestor






44. A model for the evolution of different froms over a long period of time but with only slight chchanges occring between successive generations






45. T or F A cloned organism has the same proteins as another organism






46. The study of the past and present distribution of species.






47. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events






48. Earth's history organized into four eras: Precambrian - Paleozoic - Mesozoic - and Cenozoic






49. Periods of little adaptive change






50. Is the evolutionary process whereby a population becomes better suited to its habitat