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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Term used to refer to an organism that has two different alleles for the same trait. e.g Tt is the heterozygous genotype for Tall.






2. Name for oism with one dominant and one recessive allele






3. Translation occurs in the...






4. A body cell






5. The complete genetic material contained in an individual






6. Group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring






7. Change to a chromosome in which part of the chromosome is repeated






8. A group of organisms whose members are sufficiently alike to be able to reproduce and produce fertile offspring and who are unable to reproduce with other such groups






9. Similar embryological structures in different species - such as gill slits - may demonstrate that these species share a common ancestor.






10. Is the genetic makeup of an organism (TT or Tt) ; All the combinations of genes you have for a certain trait.






11. One of the identical rods of a chromosome.






12. An ancestor that two or more descendants have in common






13. A DNA double helix is held together in the center by between nitrogenous bases






14. A type of barrier between species; the species remain isolated because male and femal gametes of the different species cannot fuse - or they die before they unite.






15. Shows how the embryos of different groups resemble each other at particular stages. Similarities indicate groups may share a common ancestor






16. You mate the unknown genotype with an organism showing the recessive trait. If any of the offspring show the recessive trait - the original unknown parent was heterozygous. If no recessive trats show up - the original parent was homozygous.






17. What is one benefit for having two strands of DNA?






18. Mutation where an extra base is added






19. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of the chromosome is removed






20. A distinct population of a species that varies from other populations of the same species.






21. The inherited characteristic often masked by the dominant characteristic and not seen in an organism. e.g. Tt plant will still be tall. Where T is the dominant trait for tall and t is the recessive trait for small.






22. Even if the gametes of the two species meet - fertilization does not occur






23. Breeding organisms with specific traits in order to produce offspring with identical traits






24. Natural disaster eliminates most of the population - members left contribute the alleles for the new population.






25. Similar DNA sequences or protein structures (such as hemoglobin) may link different species to a similar ancestor.






26. The sum total of an organism's requirements; its way of life






27. Another term for pure breeding






28. DNA that is coiled around proteins






29. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events






30. Selection for the ability to obtain a mate






31. The study relating the evolution of new charateristics to changes in the genes controlling development






32. Messenger RNA; type of RNA that carries instructions from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome






33. Gene

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34. Organisms with similar functions - but different underlying structure. Example: bird and insect wing. These structures do NOT show a common ancestral link.






35. Consists of all genes - including all the different alleles - that are present in a population






36. Innate trait; shared ancestry






37. How often a form of a gene appears in a gene pool






38. The evolutionary history/geneology of a group of organisms (a tree thingy)






39. Earth's history organized into four eras: Precambrian - Paleozoic - Mesozoic - and Cenozoic






40. Natural selection that causes the frequency of a particular allele to move in one direction






41. Evolutionary process in which a species or related species folllow different evolutionary paths to eventually become less related






42. A model for the evolution of different froms over a long period of time but with only slight chchanges occring between successive generations






43. The individuals choice of which mate they will choose. The choice is dependant on what traits the individual finds attractive. e.g some people will want their mates to be smart or pretty.






44. An organism that has characteristics resulting from chromosomal alteration. This is a result of crossing over of the chromosomes during Meiosis - mutations and random segregation.






45. Reciprocal evolution in two species as a result of the selection pressure each imposes upon the other






46. Speciation which does not involve a period of geographical separation






47. It is the time from when the Earth formed and simple life - forms evolved (and it is the longest era)






48. A pairing where the parent plants differ in only one character.






49. A mutation in which one nucleotide is replaced by another nucleotide






50. Describes the existence of a prezygotic reproductive barrier between two species as a result of them occupying or breeding in different habitats within the same general geographical area