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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A distinct population of a species that varies from other populations of the same species.






2. An evolutionary 'branch' and its daughter 'twigs'






3. The study of the past and present distribution of species.






4. Which type of Rna functions as a blue print of the genetic code






5. Process by which an organism is slowly turned to stone as the body is replaced by minerals.






6. How often a particular gene occurs in the population






7. Recognize and cut DNA at specific sequences usually palindromes






8. Describes a cell - nucleus - or organism that has only one set of unpaired chromosomes






9. shape of a DNA molecule formed when two twisted DNA strands are coiled into a springlike structure and held together by hydrogen bonds between the bases.






10. Organ that serves no useful function in an organism






11. Breeding organisms with specific traits in order to produce offspring with identical traits






12. Threadlike structure within the nucleus containing the genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next






13. Used radioactive sulfur and radioactive phosphorus to determine that DNA is the genetic material - by demonstrating that it is DNA that is injected by bacteriophages into bacterial cells during infection






14. Structures in different but related species that are derived from the same ancestral structure but now serve different purposes.






15. A base found in DNA (but not in RNA). This base pairs with Adenine.






16. process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis.






17. A process where the organisms that have traits that aid in its survival (adaptive traits) will reproduce to pass that trait to futher generations thus increasing the frequency of that trait in the population. Vice versa traits that reduce the chance






18. Selection for the ability to obtain a mate






19. Because of base pairing in DNA the amount of






20. When zygote does not complete development or is physically weaker than normal






21. Evolution resulting from small specific genetic changes that can lead to a new subspecies






22. A model for the evolution of different froms over a long period of time but with only slight chchanges occring between successive generations






23. Evolution of living things - based on evidence from the past and present.






24. Geologic period that followed the Precambrian;means 'ancient life' - early life (570-286 million years ago); single cell organisms - shells - mollusks - rise of first vertebrates - rise of land plants - amphibians - insects - seed plants - and trees






25. Any preserved remains of an organism from the past. Usually found in sedimentary rock.






26. A taxon originating from and including a single common ancestor






27. Even if the gametes of the two species meet - fertilization does not occur






28. Predicts the possible outcome of a genetic cross.






29. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of one chromosome attaches to a nonhomologous chromosome






30. Are noncoding sequences in the gene that are removed from RNA after transcription






31. A pairing where the parent plants differ in only one character.






32. The movement of individuals into an area






33. T or F A cloned organism has the same proteins as another organism






34. Different alleles for a gene






35. Messenger RNA; type of RNA that carries instructions from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome






36. Chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual. These are X for female and Y for male. The female egg is an X while the male sperm can be X or Y






37. Organ no longer serves a function






38. It is the time from when the Earth formed and simple life - forms evolved (and it is the longest era)






39. Individual that is heterozygous for two traits; shows the phenotype governed by the dominant alleles but carries the recessive alleles






40. The movement of genes between populations as a result of mating of migration






41. The independant evolution of similar traits - starting from a similar ancestral condition






42. Form of reproductive isolation in which structural differences in the anatomy of reproductive organs prevent sperm transfer between individuals of different species






43. Is a sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait. This is because the sequence of bases code for certain proteins.






44. The evolutionary history/geneology of a group of organisms (a tree thingy)






45. Impression made from a organism in soft material such as sand or mud.






46. All the factors in an organism's surroundings that can potentially affect it






47. Describes the existence of a prezygotic reproductive barrier between two species as a result of them occupying or breeding in different habitats within the same general geographical area






48. Movement of alleles into or out of a population due to the migration of individuals to or from the population






49. Group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring






50. Deoxyribonucleic acid carries the genetic code for the proper functioning of an organism. It is composed of 5 carbon sugar (deoxyribose) four bases Adenine - Thymine - Cytosine and Guanine. the sugar is bonded to a phosphate group. This forms a long