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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Form of reproductive isolation in which structural differences in the anatomy of reproductive organs prevent sperm transfer between individuals of different species






2. The environmental factors that favour certain phenotypes






3. Change in a DNA sequence that affects genetic information






4. The capacity of an individual of certain genotype to reproduce. It is usually equal to the proportion of the individual's genes in all the genes of the next generation






5. Visual expression of a trait






6. Is the genetic makeup of an organism (TT or Tt) ; All the combinations of genes you have for a certain trait.






7. All the genes in a population. genes are added by reproduction and immigration and lost by death and emigration






8. What is one benefit for having two strands of DNA?






9. A type of barrier between species; the species remain isolated because male and femal gametes of the different species cannot fuse - or they die before they unite.






10. Another term for pure breeding






11. Is found in DNA






12. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events






13. All the factors in an organism's surroundings that can potentially affect it






14. Structures in different but related species that are derived from the same ancestral structure but now serve different purposes.






15. A taxon originating from and including a single common ancestor






16. Building block of a nucleic acid (DNA and RNA)






17. Genes contain instructions for assembling






18. The complete genetic material contained in an individual






19. Era of recent life that began about 66 million years ago and continues today; includes the first appearance Hominids






20. shape of a DNA molecule formed when two twisted DNA strands are coiled into a springlike structure and held together by hydrogen bonds between the bases.






21. Organisms with a similar underlying structure - but different function. Example: bird - bat and dolphin 'arm'. Shows a common ancestral link.






22. The evolutionary history/geneology of a group of organisms (a tree thingy)






23. Relatively rapid proliferation from an ancestral type into new types which fill a diversity of ecological niches






24. Middle life (245-144 million years ago); rise of mammals and dinosaurs; the rise of birds; extinction of dinosaurs - rise of flowering plants






25. Pea plants






26. Term used to refer to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait. e.g TT is the homozygous genotype for Tall.






27. process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis.






28. A copy of a gene is made during a process called this






29. Speciation preceded by a period of geographical isolation






30. Evolutionary process in which a species or related species folllow different evolutionary paths to eventually become less related






31. Describes a cell - nucleus - or organism that has only one set of unpaired chromosomes






32. You mate the unknown genotype with an organism showing the recessive trait. If any of the offspring show the recessive trait - the original unknown parent was heterozygous. If no recessive trats show up - the original parent was homozygous.






33. An organism that has characteristics resulting from chromosomal alteration. This is a result of crossing over of the chromosomes during Meiosis - mutations and random segregation.






34. Natural disaster eliminates most of the population - members left contribute the alleles for the new population.






35. Copying the code from DNA onto mRNA






36. Actual remains of an organism such as bones - teeth - shells - etc.






37. When a few individuals become isolated from a larger population - this smaller group may establish a new population whose gene pool is different from their source population.






38. The specific location of a gene on a chromosome






39. Earth's history organized into four eras: Precambrian - Paleozoic - Mesozoic - and Cenozoic






40. Gene

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41. Describes the isolation of a physical barrier e.g. body of water (ocean) or mountains






42. Change in allele frequencies as a result of the migration of a small subgroup of a population






43. Features that are superficially similar but have different modes of development






44. Reciprocal evolution in two species as a result of the selection pressure each imposes upon the other






45. Impression made from a organism in soft material such as sand or mud.






46. A codon is made of...






47. Condition in which an organism has extra sets of chromosomes






48. Identical alleles for a gene






49. The structure on a tRNA molecule that allows it interact with an mRNA molecule






50. A distinct population of a species that varies from other populations of the same species.