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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Method of replication that implies that each new strand of DNA is half original and half new






2. Transfer RNA; type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome






3. Similar embryological structures in different species - such as gill slits - may demonstrate that these species share a common ancestor.






4. The region of the chromosome that holds the two sister chromatids together during mitosis






5. Name for oism with one dominant and one recessive allele






6. Relatively rapid proliferation from an ancestral type into new types which fill a diversity of ecological niches






7. During transcription an RNA molecule is formed






8. Copying the code from DNA onto mRNA






9. Features that are superficially similar but have different modes of development






10. The inherited characteristic often masked by the dominant characteristic and not seen in an organism. e.g. Tt plant will still be tall. Where T is the dominant trait for tall and t is the recessive trait for small.






11. T or F a codon consist of three nucleotides






12. A group of organisms whose members are sufficiently alike to be able to reproduce and produce fertile offspring and who are unable to reproduce with other such groups






13. Natural disaster eliminates most of the population - members left contribute the alleles for the new population.






14. Dna moves during electrophoresis because of...






15. Impression made from a organism in soft material such as sand or mud.






16. Group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area






17. An evolutionary 'branch' and its daughter 'twigs'






18. Describes a cell - nucleus - or organism that has only one set of unpaired chromosomes






19. Natural selection that causes the frequency of a particular allele to move in one direction






20. Is any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome.






21. The sum total of an organism's requirements; its way of life






22. Any agent that can cause a change in DNA






23. The backbone of DNA consist of...






24. To create a recombinant DNA molecule - one would have to first cut two DNAs with creating before pasting them together






25. A change or error in the DNA sequence






26. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of the chromosome is removed






27. Is a base found in DNA and RNA. Cytosine pairs with Guanine in DNA






28. A model for the evolution of different froms over a long period of time but with only slight chchanges occring between successive generations






29. Organisms with a similar underlying structure - but different function. Example: bird - bat and dolphin 'arm'. Shows a common ancestral link.






30. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events






31. Earth's history organized into four eras: Precambrian - Paleozoic - Mesozoic - and Cenozoic






32. How often a form of a gene appears in a gene pool






33. Large - scale evolutionary changes that take place over long periods of time






34. One of the types of fossils made from hardened tree resin. Preserves both hard and soft parts.






35. Another name for a gene






36. shape of a DNA molecule formed when two twisted DNA strands are coiled into a springlike structure and held together by hydrogen bonds between the bases.






37. Determined the complete double helical structure of DNA






38. The reduction of a population - typically by a natural disaster - such that the surviving population is no longer genetically representative of the original population.






39. A population partially isolated from other populations of the same species






40. A body cell






41. When chromosome is changed by radiation and chemicals - results a permanent structural change in the chromosome - which will no longer be able to pair with its homologous pair. Eg - deletion - duplication - inversion and translocation.






42. The individuals choice of which mate they will choose. The choice is dependant on what traits the individual finds attractive. e.g some people will want their mates to be smart or pretty.






43. Similar DNA sequences or protein structures (such as hemoglobin) may link different species to a similar ancestor.






44. Term used to refer to an organism that has two different alleles for the same trait. e.g Tt is the heterozygous genotype for Tall.






45. What is one benefit for having two strands of DNA?






46. 2 alleles for a character separate during the formation of gametes - so that each gamete only carriers one allele for each character


47. Is a base found in DNA and RNA. This base pairs with Cytosine in DNA






48. Of a cell or organism having two sets of homologous chromosomes or twice the haploid number






49. A small simple structure (as a fertilized egg) from which new tissue can develop into a complete organism. It is also a cell






50. Mating of an individual of unknown genotype but dominant phenotype w/ a homozygous recessive individual