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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Organism is preserved at very low temperatures. Preservation of both hard and soft parts can occur.






2. Gene

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3. Of a cell or organism having two sets of homologous chromosomes or twice the haploid number






4. Type of sympatric speciation that occurs when a new species is formed because of a change in microhabitats






5. Different alleles for a gene






6. Natural disaster eliminates most of the population - members left contribute the alleles for the new population.






7. Method of replication that implies that each new strand of DNA is half original and half new






8. An ancestor that two or more descendants have in common






9. Cell division that produces reproductive cells or gamates.This occurs in the gonads (testicle and ovaries in animals) Here the chromosome number is halved the original amount. (each new cell has a haploid number = n) All daughter cells are not geneti






10. How often a form of a gene appears in a gene pool






11. Middle life (245-144 million years ago); rise of mammals and dinosaurs; the rise of birds; extinction of dinosaurs - rise of flowering plants






12. Evolution of superficial phenotypic similarity of form as a result of similar selection pressures






13. When zygote does not complete development or is physically weaker than normal






14. Three mRNA nucleotides that code for a specific amino acid






15. A process where the organisms that have traits that aid in its survival (adaptive traits) will reproduce to pass that trait to futher generations thus increasing the frequency of that trait in the population. Vice versa traits that reduce the chance






16. The comparison of the structures of different organisms






17. Group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area






18. A change in the base sequence of a gene






19. Impression made from a organism in soft material such as sand or mud.






20. A type of barrier between species; the species remain isolated because male and femal gametes of the different species cannot fuse - or they die before they unite.






21. When chromosome is changed by radiation and chemicals - results a permanent structural change in the chromosome - which will no longer be able to pair with its homologous pair. Eg - deletion - duplication - inversion and translocation.






22. How many codons are needed to specify three amino acids






23. Change in a DNA sequence that affects genetic information






24. In the event of a sperm fertilizing an egg of another species - mechanisms that prevent result being fruitful






25. The individuals choice of which mate they will choose. The choice is dependant on what traits the individual finds attractive. e.g some people will want their mates to be smart or pretty.






26. Periods of rapid evolution punctuated by periods of little change






27. A combining of genes or characters different from what they were in the parents






28. The final product of transcription is...






29. Breeding organisms with specific traits in order to produce offspring with identical traits






30. The offspring of a cross between two inbred lines within a single species. May also refer to the offspring of across between two species






31. The movement of genes between populations as a result of mating of migration






32. Identical alleles for a gene






33. Selection against one end of a range of variation - resulting in a progressive change in allele frequency






34. The preserved remains or traces of an organism that lived in the past






35. Pea plants






36. The movement of individuals into an area






37. Condition in which an organism has extra sets of chromosomes






38. These prevent fertilization between species e.g. diff breeding season - mating behaviour






39. Human - like species that existed millions of years ago as witnessed through fossil evidence.






40. A process that results in an allele having a different probability of remaining in the gene pool compared with that of another allele






41. Uses metamorphic or igneous rock - calculates the age of an object by assessing the amount of radioactive element still present in the organism. Radioactive elements are slowly lost over time because of decay.






42. Process in which DNA is duplicated






43. Types of rocks formed after exposure to very high heat. Because of the high temperatures - fossils are not able to be recovered from these types of rocks. Absolute or radioactive dating is possible - however.






44. When a few individuals become isolated from a larger population - this smaller group may establish a new population whose gene pool is different from their source population.






45. The independant evolution of similar traits - starting from a similar ancestral condition






46. T or F a codon consist of three nucleotides






47. Mating of 2 oism that differ in 2 characters






48. Process by which individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully; also called survival of the fittest






49. The sum total of an organism's requirements; its way of life






50. Selection acting against the extremes of a range of variation - resulting in resistance to change in allele frequencies