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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Three dimensional shape of organism made from a mold. May be created with plaster or over time with minerals.






2. A limb with five digits (fingers)






3. Name for oism with one dominant and one recessive allele






4. Is a trait that is more expressed than another trait. Is written in capital letters for Genotype. E.g Tall genotype is TT or Tt where T is the allele for tall trait and t is the trait for small. T will be expressed more.






5. A type of natural selection in which genetic diversity decreases as the population stabilises on a particular trait value






6. A process where the organisms that have traits that aid in its survival (adaptive traits) will reproduce to pass that trait to futher generations thus increasing the frequency of that trait in the population. Vice versa traits that reduce the chance






7. Three mRNA nucleotides that code for a specific amino acid






8. Geologic period that followed the Precambrian;means 'ancient life' - early life (570-286 million years ago); single cell organisms - shells - mollusks - rise of first vertebrates - rise of land plants - amphibians - insects - seed plants - and trees






9. Selection for the ability to obtain a mate






10. Group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area






11. An episode of large - scale extinction affecting many different groups of organisms within a short period of time






12. Gene

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13. Chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual. These are X for female and Y for male. The female egg is an X while the male sperm can be X or Y






14. A process that results in an allele having a different probability of remaining in the gene pool compared with that of another allele






15. Similar embryological structures in different species - such as gill slits - may demonstrate that these species share a common ancestor.






16. Even if the gametes of the two species meet - fertilization does not occur






17. When a few individuals become isolated from a larger population - this smaller group may establish a new population whose gene pool is different from their source population.






18. The complete genetic material contained in an individual






19. Different alleles for a gene






20. Gradual evolution within a lineage






21. The study relating the evolution of new charateristics to changes in the genes controlling development






22. A model for the evolution of different froms over a long period of time but with only slight chchanges occring between successive generations






23. The final product of transcription is...






24. The reduction of a population - typically by a natural disaster - such that the surviving population is no longer genetically representative of the original population.






25. Process in which DNA is duplicated






26. Layers of compressed sedimentary rock demonstrate the order or sequence at which events occurred. Cannot delineate the exact point of time - but is able to distinguish the order of events.






27. 2 alleles for a character separate during the formation of gametes - so that each gamete only carriers one allele for each character

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28. Type of rock made from small pieces of other rocks and organisms pressed together. Source of fossil preservation. Limited radioactive or absolute dating potential.






29. Uses metamorphic or igneous rock - calculates the age of an object by assessing the amount of radioactive element still present in the organism. Radioactive elements are slowly lost over time because of decay.






30. Any agent that can cause a change in DNA






31. Used radioactive sulfur and radioactive phosphorus to determine that DNA is the genetic material - by demonstrating that it is DNA that is injected by bacteriophages into bacterial cells during infection






32. Pea plants






33. A genetic crosses that involve one trait. e.g TT plant crossed with tt plant has offspring who are heterozygous Tt.






34. Describes a cell - nucleus - or organism that has only one set of unpaired chromosomes






35. Evolution resulting from small specific genetic changes that can lead to a new subspecies






36. A small simple structure (as a fertilized egg) from which new tissue can develop into a complete organism. It is also a cell






37. Which type of Rna functions as a blue print of the genetic code






38. The type of environment in which an organism or group normally lives or occurs






39. DNA is made of...






40. A body cell






41. Mutation where an extra base is added






42. You mate the unknown genotype with an organism showing the recessive trait. If any of the offspring show the recessive trait - the original unknown parent was heterozygous. If no recessive trats show up - the original parent was homozygous.






43. Consists of all genes - including all the different alleles - that are present in a population






44. Ribosomes are made of...






45. One of the types of fossils made from hardened tree resin. Preserves both hard and soft parts.






46. A taxon originating from and including a single common ancestor






47. The backbone of DNA consist of...






48. An ancestor that two or more descendants have in common






49. How often a particular gene occurs in the population






50. The movement of genes between populations as a result of mating of migration







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