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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. You mate the unknown genotype with an organism showing the recessive trait. If any of the offspring show the recessive trait - the original unknown parent was heterozygous. If no recessive trats show up - the original parent was homozygous.






2. Chromosomes are collections of many






3. Periods of little adaptive change






4. Nucleotides that control which amino acids are added during protein synthesis






5. A unique combination of traits that are passed down from one generation to another.






6. Is active during transcription






7. Term used to refer to an organism that has two different alleles for the same trait. e.g Tt is the heterozygous genotype for Tall.






8. When a few individuals become isolated from a larger population - this smaller group may establish a new population whose gene pool is different from their source population.






9. An equilibrium in the occurence of two or more different froms within the same population usually caused by different allele combiinations of a gene






10. How often a particular gene occurs in the population






11. Movement of alleles into or out of a population due to the migration of individuals to or from the population






12. The study of the past and present distribution of species.






13. The preserved remains or traces of an organism that lived in the past






14. Condition in which an organism has extra sets of chromosomes






15. Structure present in an organism however does NOT have a known function. May link organisms with similar vestigial structures. Example: appendix - coccyx bone - whale leg bones.






16. The structure on a tRNA molecule that allows it interact with an mRNA molecule






17. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events






18. Cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number of chromosomes. Mitosis involves growth and repair and occurs in the body cells.






19. Visual expression of a trait






20. DNA is made of...






21. Because of base pairing in DNA the amount of






22. A limb with five digits (fingers)






23. Molecules that join together to form DNA and RNA. Monomers that make up a nucleic acid






24. Process in which DNA is duplicated






25. Evolution of the earth - which is hypothesized to have been formed over 4.6 billion years ago.






26. The independant evolution of similar traits - starting from a similar ancestral condition






27. A change in the base sequence of DNA; the ultimate source of new alleles






28. The capacity of an individual of certain genotype to reproduce. It is usually equal to the proportion of the individual's genes in all the genes of the next generation






29. The condition in which there is no change in allele frequencies from generation to generation (i.e. no evolution)






30. A codon is made of...






31. Any indirect evidence of life preserved as an impression in rock; trails - footprints - tracks - burrows - and bite marks






32. The formation of new species as a result of evolution






33. Translation occurs in the...






34. Is the genetic makeup of an organism (TT or Tt) ; All the combinations of genes you have for a certain trait.






35. Is a sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait. This is because the sequence of bases code for certain proteins.






36. A model for the evolution of different froms over a long period of time but with only slight chchanges occring between successive generations






37. Breeding organisms with specific traits in order to produce offspring with identical traits






38. Organisms with a similar underlying structure - but different function. Example: bird - bat and dolphin 'arm'. Shows a common ancestral link.






39. All the factors in an organism's surroundings that can potentially affect it






40. Cell division that produces reproductive cells or gamates.This occurs in the gonads (testicle and ovaries in animals) Here the chromosome number is halved the original amount. (each new cell has a haploid number = n) All daughter cells are not geneti






41. Situation in which allele frequencies remain constant






42. Determined the complete double helical structure of DNA






43. Ribosomal RNA; type of RNA that makes up part of the ribosome






44. The offspring of a cross between two inbred lines within a single species. May also refer to the offspring of across between two species






45. The complete genetic material contained in an individual






46. What is one benefit for having two strands of DNA?






47. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of the chromosome is removed






48. shape of a DNA molecule formed when two twisted DNA strands are coiled into a springlike structure and held together by hydrogen bonds between the bases.






49. Method of replication that implies that each new strand of DNA is half original and half new






50. Any agent that can cause a change in DNA