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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A small simple structure (as a fertilized egg) from which new tissue can develop into a complete organism. It is also a cell






2. DNA is made of...






3. Form of reproductive isolation in which two populations reproduce at different times






4. Identical alleles for a gene






5. A type of barrier between species; the species remain isolated because male and femal gametes of the different species cannot fuse - or they die before they unite.






6. Is found in DNA






7. Nucleotides that control which amino acids are added during protein synthesis






8. Trait evolves overtime; NO common ancestry






9. Gradual evolution within a lineage






10. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of one chromosome attaches to a nonhomologous chromosome






11. Name for oism with one dominant and one recessive allele






12. Two alternative forms of a gene e.g Tall vs Short






13. The evolutionary process by which a species becomes better suited to its niche.






14. The specific location of a gene on a chromosome






15. Selection against one end of a range of variation - resulting in a progressive change in allele frequency






16. The final product of transcription is...






17. A change in the base sequence of a gene






18. The study of the structures of different organisms - looking at homologous parts






19. Which type of Rna functions as a blue print of the genetic code






20. A process that results in an allele having a different probability of remaining in the gene pool compared with that of another allele






21. Selection for the ability to obtain a mate






22. Cell division that produces reproductive cells or gamates.This occurs in the gonads (testicle and ovaries in animals) Here the chromosome number is halved the original amount. (each new cell has a haploid number = n) All daughter cells are not geneti






23. Uses metamorphic or igneous rock - calculates the age of an object by assessing the amount of radioactive element still present in the organism. Radioactive elements are slowly lost over time because of decay.






24. Three dimensional shape of organism made from a mold. May be created with plaster or over time with minerals.






25. Ribosomes are made of...






26. Earth's history organized into four eras: Precambrian - Paleozoic - Mesozoic - and Cenozoic






27. Trait where heterozygous is a blending of two alleles






28. All the genes in a population. genes are added by reproduction and immigration and lost by death and emigration






29. Large - scale evolutionary changes that take place over long periods of time






30. Term used to refer to an organism that has two different alleles for the same trait. e.g Tt is the heterozygous genotype for Tall.






31. What is one benefit for having two strands of DNA?






32. The banding pattern of a persons DNA after being cut and run on gel is called






33. Selection acting against the extremes of a range of variation - resulting in resistance to change in allele frequencies






34. A point of overlap of paired chromatids at which fusion and exchange of genetic material (crossing over) occurs during prophase I of meiosis.






35. T or F If a nucleic acid contain uracil it is DNA






36. Chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual. These are X for female and Y for male. The female egg is an X while the male sperm can be X or Y






37. Transcrition occurs in the...






38. The type of environment in which an organism or group normally lives or occurs






39. Deoxyribonucleic acid carries the genetic code for the proper functioning of an organism. It is composed of 5 carbon sugar (deoxyribose) four bases Adenine - Thymine - Cytosine and Guanine. the sugar is bonded to a phosphate group. This forms a long






40. The capacity of an individual of certain genotype to reproduce. It is usually equal to the proportion of the individual's genes in all the genes of the next generation






41. Evolution of living things - based on evidence from the past and present.






42. Breeding organisms with specific traits in order to produce offspring with identical traits






43. Structures in different but related species that are derived from the same ancestral structure but now serve different purposes.






44. One of the identical rods of a chromosome.






45. It is the time from when the Earth formed and simple life - forms evolved (and it is the longest era)






46. Evolution of superficial phenotypic similarity of form as a result of similar selection pressures






47. When competition causes two closely related species to become more different in regions where their ranges overlap






48. The reduction of a population - typically by a natural disaster - such that the surviving population is no longer genetically representative of the original population.






49. Speciation preceded by a period of geographical isolation






50. Innate trait; shared ancestry