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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Evolution of the earth - which is hypothesized to have been formed over 4.6 billion years ago.






2. Even if the gametes of the two species meet - fertilization does not occur






3. Organisms with a similar underlying structure - but different function. Example: bird - bat and dolphin 'arm'. Shows a common ancestral link.






4. The molecules responsible for bringing amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis are






5. A DNA double helix is held together in the center by between nitrogenous bases






6. A limb with five digits (fingers)






7. DNA that is coiled around proteins






8. Structures in different but related species that are derived from the same ancestral structure but now serve different purposes.






9. Physical characteristics of an organism based on its genotype. e.g. Plant that has a genotype of TT will have a phenotype of Tall.






10. A model for the evolution of different froms over a long period of time but with only slight chchanges occring between successive generations






11. The complete genetic material contained in an individual






12. A combining of genes or characters different from what they were in the parents






13. The comparison of the structures of different organisms






14. Middle life (245-144 million years ago); rise of mammals and dinosaurs; the rise of birds; extinction of dinosaurs - rise of flowering plants






15. Situation in which allele frequencies remain constant






16. Science dealing with DNA and protein synthesis of living organisms. Manipulation of DNA.






17. The evolutionary process by which a species becomes better suited to its niche.






18. Actual remains of an organism such as bones - teeth - shells - etc.






19. T or F a codon consist of three nucleotides






20. A fossil known to have lived in a particular geologic age that can be used to date the rock layer in which it is found






21. The capacity of an individual of certain genotype to reproduce. It is usually equal to the proportion of the individual's genes in all the genes of the next generation






22. Individual that is heterozygous for two traits; shows the phenotype governed by the dominant alleles but carries the recessive alleles






23. When a few individuals become isolated from a larger population - this smaller group may establish a new population whose gene pool is different from their source population.






24. Form of reproductive isolation in which tere are differences in species courtship behavior






25. Trait evolves overtime; NO common ancestry






26. Describes a cell - nucleus - or organism that has only one set of unpaired chromosomes






27. Movement of alleles into or out of a population due to the migration of individuals to or from the population






28. Process by which one species gives rise to two or more species






29. Method of replication that implies that each new strand of DNA is half original and half new






30. The specific location of a gene on a chromosome






31. A geographic gradient in the extent to which a character is developed in a species






32. The adaptive increase in pigmentation as a result of human - induced pollutants






33. Determined the complete double helical structure of DNA






34. When F1 is fully fertile but F2 has low fertility (rice - cotton)






35. The study of the structures of different organisms - looking at homologous parts






36. T or F A cloned organism has the same proteins as another organism






37. Is a base found in DNA and RNA. In DNA its partner is Thymine. In RNA its partner is Uracil






38. Organisms with similar functions - but different underlying structure. Example: bird and insect wing. These structures do NOT show a common ancestral link.






39. Human - like species that existed millions of years ago as witnessed through fossil evidence.






40. An organism that has characteristics resulting from chromosomal alteration. This is a result of crossing over of the chromosomes during Meiosis - mutations and random segregation.






41. Similar embryological structures in different species - such as gill slits - may demonstrate that these species share a common ancestor.






42. Are noncoding sequences in the gene that are removed from RNA after transcription






43. A mutation in which one nucleotide is replaced by another nucleotide






44. How often a form of a gene appears in a gene pool






45. Populations that can interbreed with neighboring populations but not with populations separated by larger geographical distances






46. A trait that masks the expression of another trait






47. The banding pattern of a persons DNA after being cut and run on gel is called






48. Process by which individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully; also called survival of the fittest






49. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events






50. When competition causes two closely related species to become more different in regions where their ranges overlap