Test your basic knowledge |

CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Selection acting against the middle of a range of variation






2. Because of base pairing in DNA the amount of






3. A copy of a gene is made during a process called this






4. Types of rocks formed after exposure to very high heat. Because of the high temperatures - fossils are not able to be recovered from these types of rocks. Absolute or radioactive dating is possible - however.






5. Method of replication that implies that each new strand of DNA is half original and half new






6. Mutation where an extra base is added






7. It means chromosomes are paired. One of each chromosome in a pair originates from the father and one from the mother. They affect the same trait - but don't necessarily cause the same expression of the trait.






8. An equilibrium in the occurence of two or more different froms within the same population usually caused by different allele combiinations of a gene






9. A point of overlap of paired chromatids at which fusion and exchange of genetic material (crossing over) occurs during prophase I of meiosis.






10. Different alleles for a gene






11. Closely related species occupying different habitats - niches preventing them from interbreeding






12. An episode of large - scale extinction affecting many different groups of organisms within a short period of time






13. When chromosome is changed by radiation and chemicals - results a permanent structural change in the chromosome - which will no longer be able to pair with its homologous pair. Eg - deletion - duplication - inversion and translocation.






14. Relatively rapid proliferation from an ancestral type into new types which fill a diversity of ecological niches






15. The capacity of an individual of certain genotype to reproduce. It is usually equal to the proportion of the individual's genes in all the genes of the next generation






16. The reduction of a population - typically by a natural disaster - such that the surviving population is no longer genetically representative of the original population.






17. Shows how the embryos of different groups resemble each other at particular stages. Similarities indicate groups may share a common ancestor






18. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of the chromosome is removed






19. When competition causes two closely related species to become more different in regions where their ranges overlap






20. Change in allele frequencies as a result of the migration of a small subgroup of a population






21. Individual that is heterozygous for two traits; shows the phenotype governed by the dominant alleles but carries the recessive alleles






22. Layers of compressed sedimentary rock demonstrate the order or sequence at which events occurred. Cannot delineate the exact point of time - but is able to distinguish the order of events.






23. Impression made from a organism in soft material such as sand or mud.






24. Organ no longer serves a function






25. Form of reproductive isolation in which tere are differences in species courtship behavior






26. All the genes in a population. genes are added by reproduction and immigration and lost by death and emigration






27. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events






28. Features that are superficially similar but have different modes of development






29. The condition in which there is no change in allele frequencies from generation to generation (i.e. no evolution)






30. The comparison of the structures of different organisms






31. Selection acting against the extremes of a range of variation - resulting in resistance to change in allele frequencies






32. Human - like species that existed millions of years ago as witnessed through fossil evidence.






33. Is a base found in DNA and RNA. This base pairs with Cytosine in DNA






34. The inherited characteristic often masked by the dominant characteristic and not seen in an organism. e.g. Tt plant will still be tall. Where T is the dominant trait for tall and t is the recessive trait for small.






35. Large - scale evolutionary changes that take place over long periods of time






36. Is a trait that is more expressed than another trait. Is written in capital letters for Genotype. E.g Tall genotype is TT or Tt where T is the allele for tall trait and t is the trait for small. T will be expressed more.






37. Used radioactive sulfur and radioactive phosphorus to determine that DNA is the genetic material - by demonstrating that it is DNA that is injected by bacteriophages into bacterial cells during infection






38. The evolutionary process by which a species becomes better suited to its niche.






39. A model for the evolution of different froms over a long period of time but with only slight chchanges occring between successive generations






40. A distinct population of a species that varies from other populations of the same species.






41. A limb with five digits (fingers)






42. How many codons are needed to specify three amino acids






43. The study of the past and present distribution of species.






44. A process that results in an allele having a different probability of remaining in the gene pool compared with that of another allele






45. DNA is made of...






46. A population partially isolated from other populations of the same species






47. A taxon originating from and including a single common ancestor






48. When zygote does not complete development or is physically weaker than normal






49. T or F a codon consist of three nucleotides






50. The banding pattern of a persons DNA after being cut and run on gel is called