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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Physical characteristics of an organism based on its genotype. e.g. Plant that has a genotype of TT will have a phenotype of Tall.






2. Dna moves during electrophoresis because of...






3. When zygote does not complete development or is physically weaker than normal






4. An organism that has characteristics resulting from chromosomal alteration. This is a result of crossing over of the chromosomes during Meiosis - mutations and random segregation.






5. Mating of an individual of unknown genotype but dominant phenotype w/ a homozygous recessive individual






6. Structure present in an organism however does NOT have a known function. May link organisms with similar vestigial structures. Example: appendix - coccyx bone - whale leg bones.






7. A taxon originating from and including a single common ancestor






8. Determined the complete double helical structure of DNA






9. The molecules responsible for bringing amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis are






10. The signal on a mRNA molecule that designates the end of the coding sequence is called the...






11. Transfer RNA; type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome






12. All the factors in an organism's surroundings that can potentially affect it






13. A change in the base sequence of DNA; the ultimate source of new alleles






14. Deoxyribonucleic acid carries the genetic code for the proper functioning of an organism. It is composed of 5 carbon sugar (deoxyribose) four bases Adenine - Thymine - Cytosine and Guanine. the sugar is bonded to a phosphate group. This forms a long






15. A copy of a gene is made during a process called this






16. When a few individuals become isolated from a larger population - this smaller group may establish a new population whose gene pool is different from their source population.






17. Closely related species occupying different habitats - niches preventing them from interbreeding






18. Even if the gametes of the two species meet - fertilization does not occur






19. Identical alleles for a gene






20. Any agent that can cause a change in DNA






21. Any indirect evidence of life preserved as an impression in rock; trails - footprints - tracks - burrows - and bite marks






22. Two alternative forms of a gene e.g Tall vs Short






23. Similar embryological structures in different species - such as gill slits - may demonstrate that these species share a common ancestor.






24. Natural disaster eliminates most of the population - members left contribute the alleles for the new population.






25. Ribosomal RNA; type of RNA that makes up part of the ribosome






26. During transcription an RNA molecule is formed






27. Ribosomes are made of...






28. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events






29. 2 alleles for a character separate during the formation of gametes - so that each gamete only carriers one allele for each character

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30. Any preserved remains of an organism from the past. Usually found in sedimentary rock.






31. Process by which individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully; also called survival of the fittest






32. Which type of Rna functions as a blue print of the genetic code






33. Transcrition occurs in the...






34. Gradual evolution within a lineage






35. When chromosome is changed by radiation and chemicals - results a permanent structural change in the chromosome - which will no longer be able to pair with its homologous pair. Eg - deletion - duplication - inversion and translocation.






36. Threadlike structure within the nucleus containing the genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next






37. Another name for a gene






38. A distinct population of a species that varies from other populations of the same species.






39. The enzyme that binds to the promoter region of a gene during transcription is called...






40. Actual remains of an organism such as bones - teeth - shells - etc.






41. Nucleotides that control which amino acids are added during protein synthesis






42. Breeding organisms with specific traits in order to produce offspring with identical traits






43. Is found in DNA






44. One of the types of fossils made from hardened tree resin. Preserves both hard and soft parts.






45. Natural selection that causes the frequency of a particular allele to move in one direction






46. How many codons are needed to specify three amino acids






47. All the genes in a population. genes are added by reproduction and immigration and lost by death and emigration






48. Process by which an organism is slowly turned to stone as the body is replaced by minerals.






49. Human - like species that existed millions of years ago as witnessed through fossil evidence.






50. The preserved remains or traces of an organism that lived in the past