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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Because of base pairing in DNA the amount of






2. Evolution of superficial phenotypic similarity of form as a result of similar selection pressures






3. A base found in DNA (but not in RNA). This base pairs with Adenine.






4. Term used to refer to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait. e.g TT is the homozygous genotype for Tall.






5. Building block of a nucleic acid (DNA and RNA)






6. Trait where heterozygous is a blending of two alleles






7. How often a particular gene occurs in the population






8. The comparison of the structures of different organisms






9. Separation of species or populations so that they cannot interbreed and produce fertile offspring






10. Are noncoding sequences in the gene that are removed from RNA after transcription






11. Middle life (245-144 million years ago); rise of mammals and dinosaurs; the rise of birds; extinction of dinosaurs - rise of flowering plants






12. Evolutionary process in which a species or related species folllow different evolutionary paths to eventually become less related






13. Relatively rapid proliferation from an ancestral type into new types which fill a diversity of ecological niches






14. Change of an organism over time. This can be caused by changes in in habitat or need to adapt for survival.






15. In the event of a sperm fertilizing an egg of another species - mechanisms that prevent result being fruitful






16. An organism that has characteristics resulting from chromosomal alteration. This is a result of crossing over of the chromosomes during Meiosis - mutations and random segregation.






17. Is any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome.






18. Physical characteristics of an organism based on its genotype. e.g. Plant that has a genotype of TT will have a phenotype of Tall.






19. Selection against one end of a range of variation - resulting in a progressive change in allele frequency






20. Is a sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait. This is because the sequence of bases code for certain proteins.






21. Group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring






22. Predicts the possible outcome of a genetic cross.






23. Is a trait that is more expressed than another trait. Is written in capital letters for Genotype. E.g Tall genotype is TT or Tt where T is the allele for tall trait and t is the trait for small. T will be expressed more.






24. Threadlike structure within the nucleus containing the genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next






25. DNA that is coiled around proteins






26. A change or error in the DNA sequence






27. Trait evolves overtime; NO common ancestry






28. A distinct population of a species that varies from other populations of the same species.






29. The study of the structures of different organisms - looking at homologous parts






30. A mutation in which one nucleotide is replaced by another nucleotide






31. The number of times an allele appears in a population






32. Another name for a gene






33. T or F If a nucleic acid contain uracil it is DNA






34. When zygote does not complete development or is physically weaker than normal






35. Three mRNA nucleotides that code for a specific amino acid






36. A unique combination of traits that are passed down from one generation to another.






37. Process by which individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully; also called survival of the fittest






38. Two alternative forms of a gene e.g Tall vs Short






39. DNA is made of...






40. The evolutionary process by which a species becomes better suited to its niche.






41. Visual expression of a trait






42. Describes a cell - nucleus - or organism that has only one set of unpaired chromosomes






43. Uses metamorphic or igneous rock - calculates the age of an object by assessing the amount of radioactive element still present in the organism. Radioactive elements are slowly lost over time because of decay.






44. An equilibrium in the occurence of two or more different froms within the same population usually caused by different allele combiinations of a gene






45. A type of protein molecule found in the chromosomes of eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic cells






46. Any agent that can cause a change in DNA






47. A model for the evolution of different froms over a long period of time but with only slight chchanges occring between successive generations






48. Science dealing with DNA and protein synthesis of living organisms. Manipulation of DNA.






49. An evolutionary 'branch' and its daughter 'twigs'






50. Form of reproductive isolation in which two populations reproduce at different times







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