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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Ribosomal RNA; type of RNA that makes up part of the ribosome






2. A group of organisms of the same species occupying a given area.






3. The evolutionary process by which a species becomes better suited to its niche.






4. Form of reproductive isolation in which two populations reproduce at different times






5. A mutation in which one nucleotide is replaced by another nucleotide






6. shape of a DNA molecule formed when two twisted DNA strands are coiled into a springlike structure and held together by hydrogen bonds between the bases.






7. A fossil known to have lived in a particular geologic age that can be used to date the rock layer in which it is found






8. Geologic period that followed the Precambrian;means 'ancient life' - early life (570-286 million years ago); single cell organisms - shells - mollusks - rise of first vertebrates - rise of land plants - amphibians - insects - seed plants - and trees






9. When F1 is fully fertile but F2 has low fertility (rice - cotton)






10. Change of an organism over time. This can be caused by changes in in habitat or need to adapt for survival.






11. An episode of large - scale extinction affecting many different groups of organisms within a short period of time






12. Is a base found in DNA and RNA. This base pairs with Cytosine in DNA






13. Physical characteristics of an organism based on its genotype. e.g. Plant that has a genotype of TT will have a phenotype of Tall.






14. Era of recent life that began about 66 million years ago and continues today; includes the first appearance Hominids






15. A population partially isolated from other populations of the same species






16. Which type of Rna functions as a blue print of the genetic code






17. An organism that has characteristics resulting from chromosomal alteration. This is a result of crossing over of the chromosomes during Meiosis - mutations and random segregation.






18. Type of sympatric speciation that occurs when a new species is formed because of a change in microhabitats






19. An ancestor that two or more descendants have in common






20. The enzyme that binds to the promoter region of a gene during transcription is called...






21. Relatively rapid proliferation from an ancestral type into new types which fill a diversity of ecological niches






22. Heteros have a phenotype tintertmediate b/t phenotypes of the 2 homoz






23. Cross where you cross unknown genotype with a recessive






24. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of the chromosome is removed






25. The adaptive increase in pigmentation as a result of human - induced pollutants






26. Change to a chromosome in which part of the chromosome is repeated






27. Is a base found in DNA and RNA. In DNA its partner is Thymine. In RNA its partner is Uracil






28. Mutation where an extra base is added






29. The specific location of a gene on a chromosome






30. Another term for pure breeding






31. When chromosome is changed by radiation and chemicals - results a permanent structural change in the chromosome - which will no longer be able to pair with its homologous pair. Eg - deletion - duplication - inversion and translocation.






32. Selection acting against the extremes of a range of variation - resulting in resistance to change in allele frequencies






33. Impression made from a organism in soft material such as sand or mud.






34. Dna moves during electrophoresis because of...






35. Features that are superficially similar but have different modes of development






36. Natural disaster eliminates most of the population - members left contribute the alleles for the new population.






37. Evolution of the earth - which is hypothesized to have been formed over 4.6 billion years ago.






38. Condition in which an organism has extra sets of chromosomes






39. Is a trait that is more expressed than another trait. Is written in capital letters for Genotype. E.g Tall genotype is TT or Tt where T is the allele for tall trait and t is the trait for small. T will be expressed more.






40. The reduction of a population - typically by a natural disaster - such that the surviving population is no longer genetically representative of the original population.






41. Describes the isolation of a physical barrier e.g. body of water (ocean) or mountains






42. Because of base pairing in DNA the amount of






43. Trait evolves overtime; NO common ancestry






44. Layers of compressed sedimentary rock demonstrate the order or sequence at which events occurred. Cannot delineate the exact point of time - but is able to distinguish the order of events.






45. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of one chromosome attaches to a nonhomologous chromosome






46. The study of the structures of different organisms - looking at homologous parts






47. Is the genetic makeup of an organism (TT or Tt) ; All the combinations of genes you have for a certain trait.






48. Similar DNA sequences or protein structures (such as hemoglobin) may link different species to a similar ancestor.






49. Cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number of chromosomes. Mitosis involves growth and repair and occurs in the body cells.






50. Change in allele frequencies as a result of the migration of a small subgroup of a population