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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Genetics And Evolution
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
,
genetics
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Structures in different but related species that are derived from the same ancestral structure but now serve different purposes.
Nucleotide
Genetic Equilibrium
Homologous Structures
Punctuated Equilibrium
2. Different alleles for a gene
Isolating Mechanism
Heterozygous
Heterozygote
Locus
3. Is any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome.
Genome
Geographical Isolation
Autosomes
nucleotide
4. When F1 is fully fertile but F2 has low fertility (rice - cotton)
polypeptide
Histone
Hybrid Breakdown
Analogous Structures (analogies)
5. A mutation in which one nucleotide is replaced by another nucleotide
stop codon
genes
Substitution
Monohybrid Cross
6. Similar DNA sequences or protein structures (such as hemoglobin) may link different species to a similar ancestor.
Genome
molecular evidence
Stasis
tRNA
7. Ribosomes are made of...
Recombination
Centromere
rRNA
mRNA
8. Periods of little adaptive change
Stasis
nucleotides
DNA fingerprint
Mitosis
9. Evolution resulting from small specific genetic changes that can lead to a new subspecies
Microevolution
Crossing over
Sub - species
mutation
10. The adaptive increase in pigmentation as a result of human - induced pollutants
Monohybrid
Industrial Melanism
Guanine
Thymine
11. Is the genetic makeup of an organism (TT or Tt) ; All the combinations of genes you have for a certain trait.
Natural Selection
Genotype
Behavioral (ethological) Isolation
The cell uses information from mRNA to produce proteins
12. Another name for a gene
RNA polymerase
Allele
Adaptation
Bottleneck Effect
13. Selection acting against the middle of a range of variation
Disruptive Selection
nucleus
introns
polypeptide
14. Term used to refer to an organism that has two different alleles for the same trait. e.g Tt is the heterozygous genotype for Tall.
Heterozygous
Sympatric Speciation
Recombination
Genetic Drift
15. The molecules responsible for bringing amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis are
Niche
Insertion
tRNA
Species
16. The study of the past and present distribution of species.
Duplication
mRNA
Biogeography
Geologic Evolution
17. Building block of a nucleic acid (DNA and RNA)
Autosomes
Crossing over
nucleotide
GATTACA
18. Describes a cell - nucleus - or organism that has only one set of unpaired chromosomes
Haploid/Monoploid
Behavioral (ethological) Isolation
Species
Bottle neck effect
19. Chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual. These are X for female and Y for male. The female egg is an X while the male sperm can be X or Y
proteins
Sex Chromosomes
Chromosomes
rRNA
20. A pairing where the parent plants differ in only one character.
Monohybrid Cross
Histone
Pre -zygotic Mechanisms
Allele
21. The inherited characteristic often masked by the dominant characteristic and not seen in an organism. e.g. Tt plant will still be tall. Where T is the dominant trait for tall and t is the recessive trait for small.
Recessive
deoxyribonucleic acid
Genotype
Guanine
22. Name for oism with one dominant and one recessive allele
Heterozygous
Adenine
Common Ancestor
Analogous structures
23. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of one chromosome attaches to a nonhomologous chromosome
watson and crick
Translocation
Hybrid Breakdown
Bottleneck Effect
24. Structure present in an organism however does NOT have a known function. May link organisms with similar vestigial structures. Example: appendix - coccyx bone - whale leg bones.
Stasis
transcription
rRNA
Vestigial structure
25. The preserved remains or traces of an organism that lived in the past
Temporal Isolation
Monohybrid
Fossil
Phenotype
26. Used x ray cyrstallography to create an image of DNA
Genotype
Rosalind Franklin
gel electrophoresis
Phenotype
27. Reciprocal evolution in two species as a result of the selection pressure each imposes upon the other
Natural Selection
Coevolution
Hershey and Chase
tRNA
28. The evolutionary process by which a species becomes better suited to its niche.
Test Cross
Mechanical (morphological) Isolation
Adaptation
Directional Selection
29. The enzyme that binds to the promoter region of a gene during transcription is called...
index fossil
Selection pressure
RNA polymerase
vestigial (Evolution Evidence)
30. An equilibrium in the occurence of two or more different froms within the same population usually caused by different allele combiinations of a gene
Balanced Polymorphism
Testcross
Natural Selection
3 nucleotides
31. You mate the unknown genotype with an organism showing the recessive trait. If any of the offspring show the recessive trait - the original unknown parent was heterozygous. If no recessive trats show up - the original parent was homozygous.
Test Cross
amino acid
Coevolution
cytoplasm
32. Is active during transcription
Germ
Homologous structures
RNA polymerase
cytosine in DNA is about equal to the percentage of guanine molecules
33. Is a sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait. This is because the sequence of bases code for certain proteins.
Gene
Locus
amino acid
Gene Pool
34. A point of overlap of paired chromatids at which fusion and exchange of genetic material (crossing over) occurs during prophase I of meiosis.
Allele
Autosomes
Chiasma
gel electrophoresis
35. Process in which DNA is duplicated
geologic time scale
DNA fingerprint
replication
Founder effect
36. Features of different species tat are similar in function but not necessarily in structure and in which the similarity is not the result of common ancestry
Clade
Analogous Structures (analogies)
Chromatid
Organic Evolution
37. Describes the existence of a prezygotic reproductive barrier between two species as a result of them occupying or breeding in different habitats within the same general geographical area
Allopatric Speciation
Phenotype
Ecological (habitat) Isolation
Macroevolution
38. Found only in that country
Bottle neck effect
Endemic
Evolution
DNA fingerprint
39. A type of barrier between species; the species remain isolated because male and femal gametes of the different species cannot fuse - or they die before they unite.
restriction enzyme
Medel worked with _____
Ecological (habitat) Isolation
Gametic
40. During transcription an RNA molecule is formed
transcription
Gamete Isolation
that is complementary to a single strand of DNA
Clade
41. Features that are superficially similar but have different modes of development
Analogous Features
Diploid
true
Bottleneck Effect
42. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events
Population
three
Genetic Drift
Common Ancestor
43. Used radioactive sulfur and radioactive phosphorus to determine that DNA is the genetic material - by demonstrating that it is DNA that is injected by bacteriophages into bacterial cells during infection
Mendel's Principle of Segregation
Stasis
Punnett Square
Hershey and Chase
44. A group of organisms of the same species occupying a given area.
Precambrian era
Population
Guanine
Crossing over
45. Any agent that can cause a change in DNA
Vestigial organs
mutation
Testcross
Mutagen
46. An episode of large - scale extinction affecting many different groups of organisms within a short period of time
polypeptide
Cytosine
Mass Extinction
tRNA
47. A geographic gradient in the extent to which a character is developed in a species
Codon
clinC
Ecological (habitat) Isolation
Allele
48. Threadlike structure within the nucleus containing the genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next
Dominant
rRNA
Duplication
Chromosomes
49. The backbone of DNA consist of...
Post -zygotic Mechanisms
Fitness
deoxyribose and phosphate
Microevolution
50. Method of replication that implies that each new strand of DNA is half original and half new
Semi - conservative replication
nucleotides
geologic time scale
Cytosine