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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Threadlike structure within the nucleus containing the genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next






2. Dna moves during electrophoresis because of...






3. Trait evolves overtime; NO common ancestry






4. Era of recent life that began about 66 million years ago and continues today; includes the first appearance Hominids






5. The enzyme that binds to the promoter region of a gene during transcription is called...






6. Chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual. These are X for female and Y for male. The female egg is an X while the male sperm can be X or Y






7. A combining of genes or characters different from what they were in the parents






8. Relatively rapid proliferation from an ancestral type into new types which fill a diversity of ecological niches






9. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events






10. Independent segregation of genes during the formation of gametes






11. The evolutionary history/geneology of a group of organisms (a tree thingy)






12. Types of rocks formed after exposure to very high heat. Because of the high temperatures - fossils are not able to be recovered from these types of rocks. Absolute or radioactive dating is possible - however.






13. Structure present in an organism however does NOT have a known function. May link organisms with similar vestigial structures. Example: appendix - coccyx bone - whale leg bones.






14. Pea plants






15. Organ that serves no useful function in an organism






16. process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis.






17. A group of organisms of the same species occupying a given area.






18. Movement of organisms ro of from a population






19. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of the chromosome is removed






20. A type of protein molecule found in the chromosomes of eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic cells






21. Copying the code from DNA onto mRNA






22. Features that are superficially similar but have different modes of development






23. Is a trait that is more expressed than another trait. Is written in capital letters for Genotype. E.g Tall genotype is TT or Tt where T is the allele for tall trait and t is the trait for small. T will be expressed more.






24. Selection against one end of a range of variation - resulting in a progressive change in allele frequency






25. Organ no longer serves a function






26. How often a form of a gene appears in a gene pool






27. A point of overlap of paired chromatids at which fusion and exchange of genetic material (crossing over) occurs during prophase I of meiosis.






28. Similar DNA sequences or protein structures (such as hemoglobin) may link different species to a similar ancestor.






29. Chromosomes are collections of many






30. Organisms with similar functions - but different underlying structure. Example: bird and insect wing. These structures do NOT show a common ancestral link.






31. The environmental factors that favour certain phenotypes






32. When chromosome is changed by radiation and chemicals - results a permanent structural change in the chromosome - which will no longer be able to pair with its homologous pair. Eg - deletion - duplication - inversion and translocation.






33. When zygote does not complete development or is physically weaker than normal






34. The adaptive increase in pigmentation as a result of human - induced pollutants






35. Breeding organisms with specific traits in order to produce offspring with identical traits






36. A model for the evolution of different froms over a long period of time but with only slight chchanges occring between successive generations






37. Separates DNA by size






38. A type of barrier between species; the species remain isolated because male and femal gametes of the different species cannot fuse - or they die before they unite.






39. Synonym for protein; chain of amino acids






40. Cross where you cross unknown genotype with a recessive






41. Deoxyribonucleic acid carries the genetic code for the proper functioning of an organism. It is composed of 5 carbon sugar (deoxyribose) four bases Adenine - Thymine - Cytosine and Guanine. the sugar is bonded to a phosphate group. This forms a long






42. Form of reproductive isolation in which structural differences in the anatomy of reproductive organs prevent sperm transfer between individuals of different species






43. Messenger RNA; type of RNA that carries instructions from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome






44. Different alleles for a gene






45. A body cell






46. Describes a cell - nucleus - or organism that has only one set of unpaired chromosomes






47. The individuals choice of which mate they will choose. The choice is dependant on what traits the individual finds attractive. e.g some people will want their mates to be smart or pretty.






48. Group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring






49. Name for oism with one dominant and one recessive allele






50. Organism is preserved at very low temperatures. Preservation of both hard and soft parts can occur.