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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Three mRNA nucleotides that code for a specific amino acid






2. Large - scale evolutionary changes that take place over long periods of time






3. Translation occurs in the...






4. The environmental factors that favour certain phenotypes






5. A codon is made of...






6. Describes the existence of a prezygotic reproductive barrier between two species as a result of them occupying or breeding in different habitats within the same general geographical area






7. A distinct population of a species that varies from other populations of the same species.






8. Movement of organisms ro of from a population






9. Used radioactive sulfur and radioactive phosphorus to determine that DNA is the genetic material - by demonstrating that it is DNA that is injected by bacteriophages into bacterial cells during infection






10. Breeding organisms with specific traits in order to produce offspring with identical traits






11. All the genes in a population. genes are added by reproduction and immigration and lost by death and emigration






12. The independant evolution of similar traits - starting from a similar ancestral condition






13. A small simple structure (as a fertilized egg) from which new tissue can develop into a complete organism. It is also a cell






14. Form of reproductive isolation in which tere are differences in species courtship behavior






15. Proteins are made of...






16. Individual that is heterozygous for two traits; shows the phenotype governed by the dominant alleles but carries the recessive alleles






17. It means chromosomes are paired. One of each chromosome in a pair originates from the father and one from the mother. They affect the same trait - but don't necessarily cause the same expression of the trait.






18. Reciprocal evolution in two species as a result of the selection pressure each imposes upon the other






19. Organisms with similar functions - but different underlying structure. Example: bird and insect wing. These structures do NOT show a common ancestral link.






20. A fossil known to have lived in a particular geologic age that can be used to date the rock layer in which it is found






21. Embryos of similar organisms have very similar early development indicating similar DNA at work






22. What does DNA stand for...






23. Change in a DNA sequence that affects genetic information






24. The adaptive increase in pigmentation as a result of human - induced pollutants






25. How often a form of a gene appears in a gene pool






26. Three dimensional shape of organism made from a mold. May be created with plaster or over time with minerals.






27. A trait that masks the expression of another trait






28. A pairing where the parent plants differ in only one character.






29. An episode of large - scale extinction affecting many different groups of organisms within a short period of time






30. Selection against one end of a range of variation - resulting in a progressive change in allele frequency






31. DNA that is coiled around proteins






32. Condition in which an organism has extra sets of chromosomes






33. A model for the evolution of different froms over a long period of time but with only slight chchanges occring between successive generations






34. Method of replication that implies that each new strand of DNA is half original and half new






35. Building block of a protein






36. Building block of a nucleic acid (DNA and RNA)






37. Transfer RNA; type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome






38. Chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual. These are X for female and Y for male. The female egg is an X while the male sperm can be X or Y






39. Synonym for protein; chain of amino acids






40. Evolution of superficial phenotypic similarity of form as a result of similar selection pressures






41. The complete genetic material contained in an individual






42. Cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number of chromosomes. Mitosis involves growth and repair and occurs in the body cells.






43. One of the types of fossils made from hardened tree resin. Preserves both hard and soft parts.






44. Organisms with a similar underlying structure - but different function. Example: bird - bat and dolphin 'arm'. Shows a common ancestral link.






45. Organ that serves no useful function in an organism






46. Physical characteristics of an organism based on its genotype. e.g. Plant that has a genotype of TT will have a phenotype of Tall.






47. Separation of species or populations so that they cannot interbreed and produce fertile offspring






48. Threadlike structure within the nucleus containing the genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next






49. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events






50. How many codons are needed to specify three amino acids







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