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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The environmental factors that favour certain phenotypes






2. One of the identical rods of a chromosome.






3. An evolutionary 'branch' and its daughter 'twigs'






4. Types of rocks formed after exposure to very high heat. Because of the high temperatures - fossils are not able to be recovered from these types of rocks. Absolute or radioactive dating is possible - however.






5. When competition causes two closely related species to become more different in regions where their ranges overlap






6. Organisms with similar functions - but different underlying structure. Example: bird and insect wing. These structures do NOT show a common ancestral link.






7. Movement of alleles into or out of a population due to the migration of individuals to or from the population






8. Process by which an organism is slowly turned to stone as the body is replaced by minerals.






9. Hybrid is sterile so biologically unfit






10. Embryos of similar organisms have very similar early development indicating similar DNA at work






11. Consists of all genes - including all the different alleles - that are present in a population






12. Translation occurs in the...






13. Group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area






14. T or F a codon consist of three nucleotides






15. Geologic period that followed the Precambrian;means 'ancient life' - early life (570-286 million years ago); single cell organisms - shells - mollusks - rise of first vertebrates - rise of land plants - amphibians - insects - seed plants - and trees






16. The capacity of an individual of certain genotype to reproduce. It is usually equal to the proportion of the individual's genes in all the genes of the next generation






17. Periods of rapid evolution punctuated by periods of little change






18. A distinct population of a species that varies from other populations of the same species.






19. Gradual evolution within a lineage






20. The region of the chromosome that holds the two sister chromatids together during mitosis






21. It means chromosomes are paired. One of each chromosome in a pair originates from the father and one from the mother. They affect the same trait - but don't necessarily cause the same expression of the trait.






22. A fossil known to have lived in a particular geologic age that can be used to date the rock layer in which it is found






23. Found only in that country






24. Determined the complete double helical structure of DNA






25. Messenger RNA; type of RNA that carries instructions from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome






26. 2 alleles for a character separate during the formation of gametes - so that each gamete only carriers one allele for each character

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27. Cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number of chromosomes. Mitosis involves growth and repair and occurs in the body cells.






28. Used x ray cyrstallography to create an image of DNA






29. The final product of transcription is...






30. Evolution of superficial phenotypic similarity of form as a result of similar selection pressures






31. Copying the code from DNA onto mRNA






32. Identical alleles for a gene






33. Three dimensional shape of organism made from a mold. May be created with plaster or over time with minerals.






34. Evolution resulting from small specific genetic changes that can lead to a new subspecies






35. Visual expression of a trait






36. Trait evolves overtime; NO common ancestry






37. Selection against one end of a range of variation - resulting in a progressive change in allele frequency






38. The structure on a tRNA molecule that allows it interact with an mRNA molecule






39. A trait that masks the expression of another trait






40. Is found in DNA






41. A limb with five digits (fingers)






42. Term used to refer to an organism that has two different alleles for the same trait. e.g Tt is the heterozygous genotype for Tall.






43. The study of the structures of different organisms - looking at homologous parts






44. Natural disaster eliminates most of the population - members left contribute the alleles for the new population.






45. Similar embryological structures in different species - such as gill slits - may demonstrate that these species share a common ancestor.






46. A base found in DNA (but not in RNA). This base pairs with Adenine.






47. When a few individuals become isolated from a larger population - this smaller group may establish a new population whose gene pool is different from their source population.






48. Actual remains of an organism such as bones - teeth - shells - etc.






49. How many codons are needed to specify three amino acids






50. Which type of Rna functions as a blue print of the genetic code