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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. How often a form of a gene appears in a gene pool






2. Consists of all genes - including all the different alleles - that are present in a population






3. Is a base found in DNA and RNA. Cytosine pairs with Guanine in DNA






4. Middle life (245-144 million years ago); rise of mammals and dinosaurs; the rise of birds; extinction of dinosaurs - rise of flowering plants






5. Evolution of the earth - which is hypothesized to have been formed over 4.6 billion years ago.






6. Ribosomes are made of...






7. A unique combination of traits that are passed down from one generation to another.






8. The backbone of DNA consist of...






9. Geologic period that followed the Precambrian;means 'ancient life' - early life (570-286 million years ago); single cell organisms - shells - mollusks - rise of first vertebrates - rise of land plants - amphibians - insects - seed plants - and trees






10. Mutation where an extra base is added






11. Separation of species or populations so that they cannot interbreed and produce fertile offspring






12. Selection against one end of a range of variation - resulting in a progressive change in allele frequency






13. Trait where heterozygous is a blending of two alleles






14. It is the time from when the Earth formed and simple life - forms evolved (and it is the longest era)






15. Any preserved remains of an organism from the past. Usually found in sedimentary rock.






16. T or F a codon consist of three nucleotides






17. A process that results in an allele having a different probability of remaining in the gene pool compared with that of another allele






18. Selection acting against the extremes of a range of variation - resulting in resistance to change in allele frequencies






19. Is the genetic makeup of an organism (TT or Tt) ; All the combinations of genes you have for a certain trait.






20. Proteins are made of...






21. Condition in which an organism has extra sets of chromosomes






22. Is found in DNA






23. An organism that has characteristics resulting from chromosomal alteration. This is a result of crossing over of the chromosomes during Meiosis - mutations and random segregation.






24. Periods of little adaptive change






25. Synonym for protein; chain of amino acids






26. During transcription an RNA molecule is formed






27. Organisms with a similar underlying structure - but different function. Example: bird - bat and dolphin 'arm'. Shows a common ancestral link.






28. Earth's history organized into four eras: Precambrian - Paleozoic - Mesozoic - and Cenozoic






29. Structures in different but related species that are derived from the same ancestral structure but now serve different purposes.






30. Organism is preserved at very low temperatures. Preservation of both hard and soft parts can occur.






31. Change in allele frequencies as a result of the migration of a small subgroup of a population






32. The sum total of an organism's requirements; its way of life






33. A distinct population of a species that varies from other populations of the same species.






34. The movement of individuals into an area






35. Science dealing with DNA and protein synthesis of living organisms. Manipulation of DNA.






36. Deoxyribonucleic acid carries the genetic code for the proper functioning of an organism. It is composed of 5 carbon sugar (deoxyribose) four bases Adenine - Thymine - Cytosine and Guanine. the sugar is bonded to a phosphate group. This forms a long






37. Mating of 2 oism that differ in 2 characters






38. The comparison of the structures of different organisms






39. Which type of Rna functions as a blue print of the genetic code






40. Ribosomal RNA; type of RNA that makes up part of the ribosome






41. Selection acting against the middle of a range of variation






42. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of one chromosome attaches to a nonhomologous chromosome






43. Term used to refer to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait. e.g TT is the homozygous genotype for Tall.






44. Large - scale evolutionary changes that take place over long periods of time






45. Organisms with similar functions - but different underlying structure. Example: bird and insect wing. These structures do NOT show a common ancestral link.






46. A genetic crosses that involve one trait. e.g TT plant crossed with tt plant has offspring who are heterozygous Tt.






47. Determined the complete double helical structure of DNA






48. The adaptive increase in pigmentation as a result of human - induced pollutants






49. A copy of a gene is made during a process called this






50. A population partially isolated from other populations of the same species