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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Structure present in an organism however does NOT have a known function. May link organisms with similar vestigial structures. Example: appendix - coccyx bone - whale leg bones.






2. Selection acting against the extremes of a range of variation - resulting in resistance to change in allele frequencies






3. Is found in DNA






4. Group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring






5. The type of environment in which an organism or group normally lives or occurs






6. Trait where heterozygous is a blending of two alleles






7. Evolution resulting from small specific genetic changes that can lead to a new subspecies






8. Disappearance of a species from all parts of its geographical range






9. Chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual. These are X for female and Y for male. The female egg is an X while the male sperm can be X or Y






10. When competition causes two closely related species to become more different in regions where their ranges overlap






11. Term used to refer to an organism that has two different alleles for the same trait. e.g Tt is the heterozygous genotype for Tall.






12. A geographic gradient in the extent to which a character is developed in a species






13. Organisms with a similar underlying structure - but different function. Example: bird - bat and dolphin 'arm'. Shows a common ancestral link.






14. Mating of an individual of unknown genotype but dominant phenotype w/ a homozygous recessive individual






15. Determined the concept of complementary base pairing






16. Proteins are made of...






17. Physical characteristics of an organism based on its genotype. e.g. Plant that has a genotype of TT will have a phenotype of Tall.






18. Chromosomes are collections of many






19. Situation in which allele frequencies remain constant






20. Copying the code from DNA onto mRNA






21. Change of an organism over time. This can be caused by changes in in habitat or need to adapt for survival.






22. Process by which an organism is slowly turned to stone as the body is replaced by minerals.






23. Is active during transcription






24. Messenger RNA; type of RNA that carries instructions from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome






25. Pea plants






26. The environmental factors that favour certain phenotypes






27. Geologic period that followed the Precambrian;means 'ancient life' - early life (570-286 million years ago); single cell organisms - shells - mollusks - rise of first vertebrates - rise of land plants - amphibians - insects - seed plants - and trees






28. A type of protein molecule found in the chromosomes of eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic cells






29. The adaptive increase in pigmentation as a result of human - induced pollutants






30. Process by which individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully; also called survival of the fittest






31. One of the identical rods of a chromosome.






32. A DNA double helix is held together in the center by between nitrogenous bases






33. Is any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome.






34. A process that results in an allele having a different probability of remaining in the gene pool compared with that of another allele






35. Natural selection that causes the frequency of a particular allele to move in one direction






36. Different alleles for a gene






37. A population partially isolated from other populations of the same species






38. The study relating the evolution of new charateristics to changes in the genes controlling development






39. In the event of a sperm fertilizing an egg of another species - mechanisms that prevent result being fruitful






40. A genetic crosses that involve one trait. e.g TT plant crossed with tt plant has offspring who are heterozygous Tt.






41. A small simple structure (as a fertilized egg) from which new tissue can develop into a complete organism. It is also a cell






42. Inherited feature that tends to prevent species from interbreeding with other species






43. Form of reproductive isolation in which tere are differences in species courtship behavior






44. Condition in which an organism has extra sets of chromosomes






45. Structures in different but related species that are derived from the same ancestral structure but now serve different purposes.






46. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of one chromosome attaches to a nonhomologous chromosome






47. A copy of a gene is made during a process called this






48. Ribosomal RNA; type of RNA that makes up part of the ribosome






49. Process by which a ribosome uses the code on mRNA to make proteins






50. Of a cell or organism having two sets of homologous chromosomes or twice the haploid number