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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A pairing where the parent plants differ in only one character.






2. A distinct population of a species that varies from other populations of the same species.






3. An equilibrium in the occurence of two or more different froms within the same population usually caused by different allele combiinations of a gene






4. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events






5. Transfer RNA; type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome






6. Human - like species that existed millions of years ago as witnessed through fossil evidence.






7. Cell division that produces reproductive cells or gamates.This occurs in the gonads (testicle and ovaries in animals) Here the chromosome number is halved the original amount. (each new cell has a haploid number = n) All daughter cells are not geneti






8. Three mRNA nucleotides that code for a specific amino acid






9. Separates DNA by size






10. Speciation preceded by a period of geographical isolation






11. Is a sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait. This is because the sequence of bases code for certain proteins.






12. Speciation which does not involve a period of geographical separation






13. When chromosome is changed by radiation and chemicals - results a permanent structural change in the chromosome - which will no longer be able to pair with its homologous pair. Eg - deletion - duplication - inversion and translocation.






14. The molecules responsible for bringing amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis are






15. The independant evolution of similar traits - starting from a similar ancestral condition






16. Dna moves during electrophoresis because of...






17. Structure present in an organism however does NOT have a known function. May link organisms with similar vestigial structures. Example: appendix - coccyx bone - whale leg bones.






18. Selection acting against the middle of a range of variation






19. How often a form of a gene appears in a gene pool






20. Form of reproductive isolation in which two populations reproduce at different times






21. Geologic period that followed the Precambrian;means 'ancient life' - early life (570-286 million years ago); single cell organisms - shells - mollusks - rise of first vertebrates - rise of land plants - amphibians - insects - seed plants - and trees






22. A nucleotide of RNA is made of...






23. Organisms with a similar underlying structure - but different function. Example: bird - bat and dolphin 'arm'. Shows a common ancestral link.






24. Heteros have a phenotype tintertmediate b/t phenotypes of the 2 homoz






25. Selection against one end of a range of variation - resulting in a progressive change in allele frequency






26. Physical characteristics of an organism based on its genotype. e.g. Plant that has a genotype of TT will have a phenotype of Tall.






27. T or F a codon consist of three nucleotides






28. Change in allele frequencies as a result of the migration of a small subgroup of a population






29. Organism is preserved at very low temperatures. Preservation of both hard and soft parts can occur.






30. Term used to refer to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait. e.g TT is the homozygous genotype for Tall.






31. The inherited characteristic often masked by the dominant characteristic and not seen in an organism. e.g. Tt plant will still be tall. Where T is the dominant trait for tall and t is the recessive trait for small.






32. Different alleles for a gene






33. Situation in which allele frequencies remain constant






34. Used radioactive sulfur and radioactive phosphorus to determine that DNA is the genetic material - by demonstrating that it is DNA that is injected by bacteriophages into bacterial cells during infection






35. Molecules that join together to form DNA and RNA. Monomers that make up a nucleic acid






36. A genetic crosses that involve one trait. e.g TT plant crossed with tt plant has offspring who are heterozygous Tt.






37. Three dimensional shape of organism made from a mold. May be created with plaster or over time with minerals.






38. T or F If a nucleic acid contain uracil it is DNA






39. Building block of a nucleic acid (DNA and RNA)






40. Are noncoding sequences in the gene that are removed from RNA after transcription






41. Recognize and cut DNA at specific sequences usually palindromes






42. Term used to refer to an organism that has two different alleles for the same trait. e.g Tt is the heterozygous genotype for Tall.






43. Natural selection that causes the frequency of a particular allele to move in one direction






44. When zygote does not complete development or is physically weaker than normal






45. Even if the gametes of the two species meet - fertilization does not occur






46. Found only in that country






47. A change in the base sequence of a gene






48. The movement of genes between populations as a result of mating of migration






49. Change in a DNA sequence that affects genetic information






50. A codon is made of...