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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Genetics And Evolution
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
,
genetics
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Form of reproductive isolation in which structural differences in the anatomy of reproductive organs prevent sperm transfer between individuals of different species
Gene flow
transcription
Mechanical (morphological) Isolation
nucleus
2. The environmental factors that favour certain phenotypes
Selection pressure
proteins
Germ
If you lose one then you will still have one to back you up.
3. Change in a DNA sequence that affects genetic information
RNA polymerase
Habitat
Cast
Mutation
4. The capacity of an individual of certain genotype to reproduce. It is usually equal to the proportion of the individual's genes in all the genes of the next generation
Fitness
polypeptide
Centromere
thymine
5. Visual expression of a trait
trace fossils
Common Ancestor
Phenotype
Comparative Embryology
6. Is the genetic makeup of an organism (TT or Tt) ; All the combinations of genes you have for a certain trait.
Test Cross
RNA polymerase
Genotype
Genome
7. All the genes in a population. genes are added by reproduction and immigration and lost by death and emigration
DNA fingerprint
Gene frequency
anticodon
Gene Pool
8. What is one benefit for having two strands of DNA?
Sexual Selection
If you lose one then you will still have one to back you up.
Fitness
RNA polymerase
9. A type of barrier between species; the species remain isolated because male and femal gametes of the different species cannot fuse - or they die before they unite.
Gametic
Stasis
Cytosine
If you lose one then you will still have one to back you up.
10. Another term for pure breeding
Homozygous
Fitness
Dihybrid Cross
nucleotides
11. Is found in DNA
Dihybrid Cross
nucleus
thymine
anticodon
12. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events
Genetic Drift
cytosine in DNA is about equal to the percentage of guanine molecules
nucleotides
Recombination
13. All the factors in an organism's surroundings that can potentially affect it
Endemic
Environment
Species
Habitat
14. Structures in different but related species that are derived from the same ancestral structure but now serve different purposes.
cytoplasm
trace fossils
Homologous Structures
deoxyribose and phosphate
15. A taxon originating from and including a single common ancestor
Chiasma
Monophyletic
Population
replication
16. Building block of a nucleic acid (DNA and RNA)
Bottle neck effect
nucleotide
Pentadactyl limb
Paleozoic era
17. Genes contain instructions for assembling
Directional Selection
proteins
Hershey and Chase
RNA polymerase
18. The complete genetic material contained in an individual
Organic Evolution
Semi - conservative replication
thymine
Genome
19. Era of recent life that began about 66 million years ago and continues today; includes the first appearance Hominids
Cenozoic era
Duplication
transcription
Adaptation
20. shape of a DNA molecule formed when two twisted DNA strands are coiled into a springlike structure and held together by hydrogen bonds between the bases.
Diploid
Double Helix
Histone
Sequential Evolution
21. Organisms with a similar underlying structure - but different function. Example: bird - bat and dolphin 'arm'. Shows a common ancestral link.
Sexual Selection
Adaptive Radiation
Homologous structures
Environment
22. The evolutionary history/geneology of a group of organisms (a tree thingy)
Natural Selection
Phylogeny
amino acids
Substitution
23. Relatively rapid proliferation from an ancestral type into new types which fill a diversity of ecological niches
amino acid
Parallel Evolution
proteins
Adaptive Radiation
24. Middle life (245-144 million years ago); rise of mammals and dinosaurs; the rise of birds; extinction of dinosaurs - rise of flowering plants
Centromere
Mesozoic era
Mechanical (morphological) Isolation
Amber
25. Pea plants
Divergent Evolution
Medel worked with _____
Genetic Drift
Ecological Barrier
26. Term used to refer to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait. e.g TT is the homozygous genotype for Tall.
Mendel's traits are now called _____ found on DNA
The cell uses information from mRNA to produce proteins
Homozygous
Microevolution
27. process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis.
Mate Selection
Dominant
mRNA
Crossing over
28. A copy of a gene is made during a process called this
transcription
Punnett Square
Directional Selection
Dominant
29. Speciation preceded by a period of geographical isolation
Allopatric Speciation
Post -zygotic Mechanisms
ribose - phosphate - and a base
Gene Flow
30. Evolutionary process in which a species or related species folllow different evolutionary paths to eventually become less related
Divergent Evolution
Insertion
nucleus
mRNA
31. Describes a cell - nucleus - or organism that has only one set of unpaired chromosomes
Coevolution
Genetic Equilibrium
Haploid/Monoploid
Directional Selection
32. You mate the unknown genotype with an organism showing the recessive trait. If any of the offspring show the recessive trait - the original unknown parent was heterozygous. If no recessive trats show up - the original parent was homozygous.
molecular evidence
Recombination
Test Cross
Thymine
33. An organism that has characteristics resulting from chromosomal alteration. This is a result of crossing over of the chromosomes during Meiosis - mutations and random segregation.
Stabilising
DNA
Variation
Dihybrid
34. Natural disaster eliminates most of the population - members left contribute the alleles for the new population.
Bottle neck effect
nucleus
Pentadactyl limb
Meiosis
35. Copying the code from DNA onto mRNA
Endemic
anticodon
Temporal Isolation
transcription
36. Actual remains of an organism such as bones - teeth - shells - etc.
gel electrophoresis
Genetic Equilibrium
body fossils
Adaptive Radiation
37. When a few individuals become isolated from a larger population - this smaller group may establish a new population whose gene pool is different from their source population.
Founder effect
Codon
Genotype
Hybrid
38. The specific location of a gene on a chromosome
Locus
Phylogeny
Niche
Selection pressure
39. Earth's history organized into four eras: Precambrian - Paleozoic - Mesozoic - and Cenozoic
geologic time scale
Hybrid
Mass Extinction
Stabilising
40. Gene
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41. Describes the isolation of a physical barrier e.g. body of water (ocean) or mountains
Double Helix
Mutation
Geologic Evolution
Geographical Isolation
42. Change in allele frequencies as a result of the migration of a small subgroup of a population
Mendel's traits are now called _____ found on DNA
Monophyletic
Allele Frequency
Founder Effect
43. Features that are superficially similar but have different modes of development
Sequential Evolution
Analogous Features
Balanced Polymorphism
Speciation
44. Reciprocal evolution in two species as a result of the selection pressure each imposes upon the other
Sexual Selection
Mate Selection
Coevolution
Habitat
45. Impression made from a organism in soft material such as sand or mud.
Mold
Immigration
nucleotides
Sympatric Speciation
46. A codon is made of...
3 nucleotides
genes
Testcross
replication
47. Condition in which an organism has extra sets of chromosomes
Sympatric Speciation
Fossil
Absolute dating
Polyploidy
48. Identical alleles for a gene
False RNA
restriction enzymes - sticky ends
Homozygote
Allele Frequency
49. The structure on a tRNA molecule that allows it interact with an mRNA molecule
Guanine
polypeptide
anticodon
gel electrophoresis
50. A distinct population of a species that varies from other populations of the same species.
Thymine
Sub - species
Dihybrid Cross
Adenine