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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Describes the existence of a prezygotic reproductive barrier between two species as a result of them occupying or breeding in different habitats within the same general geographical area






2. The capacity of an individual of certain genotype to reproduce. It is usually equal to the proportion of the individual's genes in all the genes of the next generation






3. Organism is preserved at very low temperatures. Preservation of both hard and soft parts can occur.






4. Organisms with a similar underlying structure - but different function. Example: bird - bat and dolphin 'arm'. Shows a common ancestral link.






5. Similar embryological structures in different species - such as gill slits - may demonstrate that these species share a common ancestor.






6. Even if the gametes of the two species meet - fertilization does not occur






7. A unique combination of traits that are passed down from one generation to another.






8. The evolutionary process by which a species becomes better suited to its niche.






9. The condition in which there is no change in allele frequencies from generation to generation (i.e. no evolution)






10. Structures in different but related species that are derived from the same ancestral structure but now serve different purposes.






11. Used x ray cyrstallography to create an image of DNA






12. Physical characteristics of an organism based on its genotype. e.g. Plant that has a genotype of TT will have a phenotype of Tall.






13. Any agent that can cause a change in DNA






14. In the event of a sperm fertilizing an egg of another species - mechanisms that prevent result being fruitful






15. The reduction of a population - typically by a natural disaster - such that the surviving population is no longer genetically representative of the original population.






16. Describes the isolation of a physical barrier e.g. body of water (ocean) or mountains






17. Gradual evolution within a lineage






18. A small simple structure (as a fertilized egg) from which new tissue can develop into a complete organism. It is also a cell






19. A DNA double helix is held together in the center by between nitrogenous bases






20. Structure present in an organism however does NOT have a known function. May link organisms with similar vestigial structures. Example: appendix - coccyx bone - whale leg bones.






21. Selection for the ability to obtain a mate






22. Movement of organisms ro of from a population






23. The enzyme that binds to the promoter region of a gene during transcription is called...






24. A process that results in an allele having a different probability of remaining in the gene pool compared with that of another allele






25. Transcrition occurs in the...






26. It is the time from when the Earth formed and simple life - forms evolved (and it is the longest era)






27. How many codons are needed to specify three amino acids






28. The individuals choice of which mate they will choose. The choice is dependant on what traits the individual finds attractive. e.g some people will want their mates to be smart or pretty.






29. The inherited characteristic often masked by the dominant characteristic and not seen in an organism. e.g. Tt plant will still be tall. Where T is the dominant trait for tall and t is the recessive trait for small.






30. What happens during the process of translation






31. Change of an organism over time. This can be caused by changes in in habitat or need to adapt for survival.






32. Which structure contains anticodons






33. Gene

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34. Are noncoding sequences in the gene that are removed from RNA after transcription






35. Process by which an organism is slowly turned to stone as the body is replaced by minerals.






36. Is a trait that is more expressed than another trait. Is written in capital letters for Genotype. E.g Tall genotype is TT or Tt where T is the allele for tall trait and t is the trait for small. T will be expressed more.






37. Translation occurs in the...






38. The region of the chromosome that holds the two sister chromatids together during mitosis






39. Predicts the possible outcome of a genetic cross.






40. Any preserved remains of an organism from the past. Usually found in sedimentary rock.






41. When a few individuals become isolated from a larger population - this smaller group may establish a new population whose gene pool is different from their source population.






42. Any indirect evidence of life preserved as an impression in rock; trails - footprints - tracks - burrows - and bite marks






43. A nucleotide of RNA is made of...






44. Form of reproductive isolation in which two populations reproduce at different times






45. Dna moves during electrophoresis because of...






46. The specific location of a gene on a chromosome






47. Another name for a gene






48. process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis.






49. The movement of genes between populations as a result of mating of migration






50. All the factors in an organism's surroundings that can potentially affect it