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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. DNA is made of...






2. Process by which an organism is slowly turned to stone as the body is replaced by minerals.






3. shape of a DNA molecule formed when two twisted DNA strands are coiled into a springlike structure and held together by hydrogen bonds between the bases.






4. Describes the existence of a prezygotic reproductive barrier between two species as a result of them occupying or breeding in different habitats within the same general geographical area






5. T or F a codon consist of three nucleotides






6. Large - scale evolutionary changes that take place over long periods of time






7. A unique combination of traits that are passed down from one generation to another.






8. 2 alleles for a character separate during the formation of gametes - so that each gamete only carriers one allele for each character

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9. Identical alleles for a gene






10. How often a particular gene occurs in the population






11. Movement of organisms ro of from a population






12. Visual expression of a trait






13. It is the time from when the Earth formed and simple life - forms evolved (and it is the longest era)






14. Selection acting against the extremes of a range of variation - resulting in resistance to change in allele frequencies






15. Evolution of superficial phenotypic similarity of form as a result of similar selection pressures






16. Deoxyribonucleic acid carries the genetic code for the proper functioning of an organism. It is composed of 5 carbon sugar (deoxyribose) four bases Adenine - Thymine - Cytosine and Guanine. the sugar is bonded to a phosphate group. This forms a long






17. A point of overlap of paired chromatids at which fusion and exchange of genetic material (crossing over) occurs during prophase I of meiosis.






18. Recognize and cut DNA at specific sequences usually palindromes






19. Different alleles for a gene






20. The capacity of an individual of certain genotype to reproduce. It is usually equal to the proportion of the individual's genes in all the genes of the next generation






21. Type of rock made from small pieces of other rocks and organisms pressed together. Source of fossil preservation. Limited radioactive or absolute dating potential.






22. What is one benefit for having two strands of DNA?






23. Speciation preceded by a period of geographical isolation






24. Inherited feature that tends to prevent species from interbreeding with other species






25. Three dimensional shape of organism made from a mold. May be created with plaster or over time with minerals.






26. One of the identical rods of a chromosome.






27. The structure on a tRNA molecule that allows it interact with an mRNA molecule






28. The study of the structures of different organisms - looking at homologous parts






29. Structure present in an organism however does NOT have a known function. May link organisms with similar vestigial structures. Example: appendix - coccyx bone - whale leg bones.






30. A DNA double helix is held together in the center by between nitrogenous bases






31. Any indirect evidence of life preserved as an impression in rock; trails - footprints - tracks - burrows - and bite marks






32. The sum total of an organism's requirements; its way of life






33. Innate trait; shared ancestry






34. A genetic crosses that involve one trait. e.g TT plant crossed with tt plant has offspring who are heterozygous Tt.






35. Evolutionary process in which a species or related species folllow different evolutionary paths to eventually become less related






36. Messenger RNA; type of RNA that carries instructions from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome






37. Type of sympatric speciation that occurs when a new species is formed because of a change in microhabitats






38. Earth's history organized into four eras: Precambrian - Paleozoic - Mesozoic - and Cenozoic






39. Selection against one end of a range of variation - resulting in a progressive change in allele frequency






40. A trait that masks the expression of another trait






41. Movement of alleles into or out of a population due to the migration of individuals to or from the population






42. Used x ray cyrstallography to create an image of DNA






43. Hybrid is sterile so biologically unfit






44. The condition in which there is no change in allele frequencies from generation to generation (i.e. no evolution)






45. Reciprocal evolution in two species as a result of the selection pressure each imposes upon the other






46. Molecules that join together to form DNA and RNA. Monomers that make up a nucleic acid






47. All the genes in a population. genes are added by reproduction and immigration and lost by death and emigration






48. The adaptive increase in pigmentation as a result of human - induced pollutants






49. Chromosomes are collections of many






50. Mating of 2 oism that differ in 2 characters