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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A model for the evolution of different froms over a long period of time but with only slight chchanges occring between successive generations






2. The formation of new species as a result of evolution






3. The sum total of an organism's requirements; its way of life






4. Copying the code from DNA onto mRNA






5. Used radioactive sulfur and radioactive phosphorus to determine that DNA is the genetic material - by demonstrating that it is DNA that is injected by bacteriophages into bacterial cells during infection






6. Group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring






7. Natural selection that causes the frequency of a particular allele to move in one direction






8. When F1 is fully fertile but F2 has low fertility (rice - cotton)






9. Describes a cell - nucleus - or organism that has only one set of unpaired chromosomes






10. Disappearance of a species from all parts of its geographical range






11. A fossil known to have lived in a particular geologic age that can be used to date the rock layer in which it is found






12. An organism that has characteristics resulting from chromosomal alteration. This is a result of crossing over of the chromosomes during Meiosis - mutations and random segregation.






13. Geologic period that followed the Precambrian;means 'ancient life' - early life (570-286 million years ago); single cell organisms - shells - mollusks - rise of first vertebrates - rise of land plants - amphibians - insects - seed plants - and trees






14. Mating of 2 oism that differ in 2 characters






15. Deoxyribonucleic acid carries the genetic code for the proper functioning of an organism. It is composed of 5 carbon sugar (deoxyribose) four bases Adenine - Thymine - Cytosine and Guanine. the sugar is bonded to a phosphate group. This forms a long






16. The environmental factors that favour certain phenotypes






17. The capacity of an individual of certain genotype to reproduce. It is usually equal to the proportion of the individual's genes in all the genes of the next generation






18. Heteros have a phenotype tintertmediate b/t phenotypes of the 2 homoz






19. Cross where you cross unknown genotype with a recessive






20. It is the time from when the Earth formed and simple life - forms evolved (and it is the longest era)






21. Group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area






22. Middle life (245-144 million years ago); rise of mammals and dinosaurs; the rise of birds; extinction of dinosaurs - rise of flowering plants






23. Selection against one end of a range of variation - resulting in a progressive change in allele frequency






24. A type of natural selection in which genetic diversity decreases as the population stabilises on a particular trait value






25. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events






26. T or F If a nucleic acid contain uracil it is DNA






27. Form of reproductive isolation in which two populations reproduce at different times






28. Selection acting against the middle of a range of variation






29. Dna moves during electrophoresis because of...






30. The enzyme that binds to the promoter region of a gene during transcription is called...






31. Transfer RNA; type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome






32. A change in the base sequence of a gene






33. A population partially isolated from other populations of the same species






34. Type of sympatric speciation that occurs when a new species is formed because of a change in microhabitats






35. The specific location of a gene on a chromosome






36. Structures in different but related species that are derived from the same ancestral structure but now serve different purposes.






37. Is a trait that is more expressed than another trait. Is written in capital letters for Genotype. E.g Tall genotype is TT or Tt where T is the allele for tall trait and t is the trait for small. T will be expressed more.






38. An evolutionary 'branch' and its daughter 'twigs'






39. A DNA strand that has the bases CTAATGT forms a complete complementary double helix with






40. Synonym for protein; chain of amino acids






41. Nucleotides that control which amino acids are added during protein synthesis






42. The study of the structures of different organisms - looking at homologous parts






43. Change of an organism over time. This can be caused by changes in in habitat or need to adapt for survival.






44. Molecules that join together to form DNA and RNA. Monomers that make up a nucleic acid






45. A copy of a gene is made during a process called this






46. Human - like species that existed millions of years ago as witnessed through fossil evidence.






47. Shows how the embryos of different groups resemble each other at particular stages. Similarities indicate groups may share a common ancestor






48. When chromosome is changed by radiation and chemicals - results a permanent structural change in the chromosome - which will no longer be able to pair with its homologous pair. Eg - deletion - duplication - inversion and translocation.






49. Predicts the possible outcome of a genetic cross.






50. The final product of transcription is...