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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Features of different species tat are similar in function but not necessarily in structure and in which the similarity is not the result of common ancestry






2. Used radioactive sulfur and radioactive phosphorus to determine that DNA is the genetic material - by demonstrating that it is DNA that is injected by bacteriophages into bacterial cells during infection






3. Proteins are made of...






4. DNA that is coiled around proteins






5. The environmental factors that favour certain phenotypes






6. Ribosomal RNA; type of RNA that makes up part of the ribosome






7. A trait that masks the expression of another trait






8. An episode of large - scale extinction affecting many different groups of organisms within a short period of time






9. Hybrid is sterile so biologically unfit






10. All the genes in a population. genes are added by reproduction and immigration and lost by death and emigration






11. Found only in that country






12. A group of organisms whose members are sufficiently alike to be able to reproduce and produce fertile offspring and who are unable to reproduce with other such groups






13. Natural selection that causes the frequency of a particular allele to move in one direction






14. Term used to refer to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait. e.g TT is the homozygous genotype for Tall.






15. Cell division that produces reproductive cells or gamates.This occurs in the gonads (testicle and ovaries in animals) Here the chromosome number is halved the original amount. (each new cell has a haploid number = n) All daughter cells are not geneti






16. Another term for pure breeding






17. The specific location of a gene on a chromosome






18. An evolutionary 'branch' and its daughter 'twigs'






19. The capacity of an individual of certain genotype to reproduce. It is usually equal to the proportion of the individual's genes in all the genes of the next generation






20. When chromosome is changed by radiation and chemicals - results a permanent structural change in the chromosome - which will no longer be able to pair with its homologous pair. Eg - deletion - duplication - inversion and translocation.






21. Selection acting against the extremes of a range of variation - resulting in resistance to change in allele frequencies






22. Method of replication that implies that each new strand of DNA is half original and half new






23. The region of the chromosome that holds the two sister chromatids together during mitosis






24. The study relating the evolution of new charateristics to changes in the genes controlling development






25. Is any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome.






26. Types of rocks formed after exposure to very high heat. Because of the high temperatures - fossils are not able to be recovered from these types of rocks. Absolute or radioactive dating is possible - however.






27. Is found in DNA






28. Cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number of chromosomes. Mitosis involves growth and repair and occurs in the body cells.






29. A pairing where the parent plants differ in only one character.






30. An ancestor that two or more descendants have in common






31. The reduction of a population - typically by a natural disaster - such that the surviving population is no longer genetically representative of the original population.






32. A base found in DNA (but not in RNA). This base pairs with Adenine.






33. The study of the past and present distribution of species.






34. Group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area






35. Synonym for protein; chain of amino acids






36. Building block of a nucleic acid (DNA and RNA)






37. Is a sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait. This is because the sequence of bases code for certain proteins.






38. Visual expression of a trait






39. Dna moves during electrophoresis because of...






40. Inherited feature that tends to prevent species from interbreeding with other species






41. A nucleotide of RNA is made of...






42. Closely related species occupying different habitats - niches preventing them from interbreeding






43. Earth's history organized into four eras: Precambrian - Paleozoic - Mesozoic - and Cenozoic






44. The movement of individuals into an area






45. Geologic period that followed the Precambrian;means 'ancient life' - early life (570-286 million years ago); single cell organisms - shells - mollusks - rise of first vertebrates - rise of land plants - amphibians - insects - seed plants - and trees






46. Recognize and cut DNA at specific sequences usually palindromes






47. Group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring






48. How often a particular gene occurs in the population






49. A type of natural selection in which genetic diversity decreases as the population stabilises on a particular trait value






50. Periods of rapid evolution punctuated by periods of little change







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