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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events






2. A trait that masks the expression of another trait






3. An evolutionary 'branch' and its daughter 'twigs'






4. An episode of large - scale extinction affecting many different groups of organisms within a short period of time






5. Process by which individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully; also called survival of the fittest






6. The final product of transcription is...






7. A point of overlap of paired chromatids at which fusion and exchange of genetic material (crossing over) occurs during prophase I of meiosis.






8. The banding pattern of a persons DNA after being cut and run on gel is called






9. A DNA double helix is held together in the center by between nitrogenous bases






10. Speciation preceded by a period of geographical isolation






11. During transcription an RNA molecule is formed






12. A nucleotide of RNA is made of...






13. Used radioactive sulfur and radioactive phosphorus to determine that DNA is the genetic material - by demonstrating that it is DNA that is injected by bacteriophages into bacterial cells during infection






14. A group of organisms whose members are sufficiently alike to be able to reproduce and produce fertile offspring and who are unable to reproduce with other such groups






15. It means chromosomes are paired. One of each chromosome in a pair originates from the father and one from the mother. They affect the same trait - but don't necessarily cause the same expression of the trait.






16. Selection acting against the middle of a range of variation






17. Organ that serves no useful function in an organism






18. Closely related species occupying different habitats - niches preventing them from interbreeding






19. A group of organisms of the same species occupying a given area.






20. Embryos of similar organisms have very similar early development indicating similar DNA at work






21. Speciation which does not involve a period of geographical separation






22. Natural selection that causes the frequency of a particular allele to move in one direction






23. The formation of new species as a result of evolution






24. The study relating the evolution of new charateristics to changes in the genes controlling development






25. It is the time from when the Earth formed and simple life - forms evolved (and it is the longest era)






26. Another term for pure breeding






27. The molecules responsible for bringing amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis are






28. Method of replication that implies that each new strand of DNA is half original and half new






29. Types of rocks formed after exposure to very high heat. Because of the high temperatures - fossils are not able to be recovered from these types of rocks. Absolute or radioactive dating is possible - however.






30. Which type of Rna functions as a blue print of the genetic code






31. In the event of a sperm fertilizing an egg of another species - mechanisms that prevent result being fruitful






32. A geographic gradient in the extent to which a character is developed in a species






33. Gradual evolution within a lineage






34. Another name for a gene






35. Different alleles for a gene






36. Describes a cell - nucleus - or organism that has only one set of unpaired chromosomes






37. Threadlike structure within the nucleus containing the genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next






38. Found only in that country






39. Process by which a ribosome uses the code on mRNA to make proteins






40. An equilibrium in the occurence of two or more different froms within the same population usually caused by different allele combiinations of a gene






41. An organism that has characteristics resulting from chromosomal alteration. This is a result of crossing over of the chromosomes during Meiosis - mutations and random segregation.






42. Evolution of living things - based on evidence from the past and present.






43. All the genes in a population. genes are added by reproduction and immigration and lost by death and emigration






44. Is a trait that is more expressed than another trait. Is written in capital letters for Genotype. E.g Tall genotype is TT or Tt where T is the allele for tall trait and t is the trait for small. T will be expressed more.






45. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of one chromosome attaches to a nonhomologous chromosome






46. How many codons are needed to specify three amino acids






47. The inherited characteristic often masked by the dominant characteristic and not seen in an organism. e.g. Tt plant will still be tall. Where T is the dominant trait for tall and t is the recessive trait for small.






48. A change or error in the DNA sequence






49. Visual expression of a trait






50. Is the genetic makeup of an organism (TT or Tt) ; All the combinations of genes you have for a certain trait.