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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Process by which an organism is slowly turned to stone as the body is replaced by minerals.






2. Is a sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait. This is because the sequence of bases code for certain proteins.






3. Another name for a gene






4. Nucleotides that control which amino acids are added during protein synthesis






5. Condition in which an organism has extra sets of chromosomes






6. In the event of a sperm fertilizing an egg of another species - mechanisms that prevent result being fruitful






7. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events






8. Organisms with a similar underlying structure - but different function. Example: bird - bat and dolphin 'arm'. Shows a common ancestral link.






9. A change or error in the DNA sequence






10. Cross where you cross unknown genotype with a recessive






11. Describes a cell - nucleus - or organism that has only one set of unpaired chromosomes






12. The condition in which there is no change in allele frequencies from generation to generation (i.e. no evolution)






13. Any indirect evidence of life preserved as an impression in rock; trails - footprints - tracks - burrows - and bite marks






14. To create a recombinant DNA molecule - one would have to first cut two DNAs with creating before pasting them together






15. T or F A cloned organism has the same proteins as another organism






16. These prevent fertilization between species e.g. diff breeding season - mating behaviour






17. Different alleles for a gene






18. Movement of organisms ro of from a population






19. Types of rocks formed after exposure to very high heat. Because of the high temperatures - fossils are not able to be recovered from these types of rocks. Absolute or radioactive dating is possible - however.






20. A group of organisms of the same species occupying a given area.






21. When zygote does not complete development or is physically weaker than normal






22. The offspring of a cross between two inbred lines within a single species. May also refer to the offspring of across between two species






23. Heteros have a phenotype tintertmediate b/t phenotypes of the 2 homoz






24. The banding pattern of a persons DNA after being cut and run on gel is called






25. Evolution of superficial phenotypic similarity of form as a result of similar selection pressures






26. The evolutionary process by which a species becomes better suited to its niche.






27. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of the chromosome is removed






28. process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis.






29. Geologic period that followed the Precambrian;means 'ancient life' - early life (570-286 million years ago); single cell organisms - shells - mollusks - rise of first vertebrates - rise of land plants - amphibians - insects - seed plants - and trees






30. Transcrition occurs in the...






31. Which type of Rna functions as a blue print of the genetic code






32. You mate the unknown genotype with an organism showing the recessive trait. If any of the offspring show the recessive trait - the original unknown parent was heterozygous. If no recessive trats show up - the original parent was homozygous.






33. Synonym for protein; chain of amino acids






34. Cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number of chromosomes. Mitosis involves growth and repair and occurs in the body cells.






35. A type of protein molecule found in the chromosomes of eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic cells






36. When a few individuals become isolated from a larger population - this smaller group may establish a new population whose gene pool is different from their source population.






37. Change to a chromosome in which part of the chromosome is repeated






38. Change in allele frequencies as a result of the migration of a small subgroup of a population






39. Three mRNA nucleotides that code for a specific amino acid






40. Is the evolutionary process whereby a population becomes better suited to its habitat






41. Because of base pairing in DNA the amount of






42. 2 alleles for a character separate during the formation of gametes - so that each gamete only carriers one allele for each character

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43. Organ that serves no useful function in an organism






44. What is one benefit for having two strands of DNA?






45. The movement of individuals into an area






46. Structure present in an organism however does NOT have a known function. May link organisms with similar vestigial structures. Example: appendix - coccyx bone - whale leg bones.






47. Layers of compressed sedimentary rock demonstrate the order or sequence at which events occurred. Cannot delineate the exact point of time - but is able to distinguish the order of events.






48. Independent segregation of genes during the formation of gametes






49. A process where the organisms that have traits that aid in its survival (adaptive traits) will reproduce to pass that trait to futher generations thus increasing the frequency of that trait in the population. Vice versa traits that reduce the chance






50. Features of different species tat are similar in function but not necessarily in structure and in which the similarity is not the result of common ancestry