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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Trait where heterozygous is a blending of two alleles






2. Nucleotides that control which amino acids are added during protein synthesis






3. Change in a DNA sequence that affects genetic information






4. Impression made from a organism in soft material such as sand or mud.






5. Actual remains of an organism such as bones - teeth - shells - etc.






6. Form of reproductive isolation in which tere are differences in species courtship behavior






7. Evolution of the earth - which is hypothesized to have been formed over 4.6 billion years ago.






8. Type of sympatric speciation that occurs when a new species is formed because of a change in microhabitats






9. Is a trait that is more expressed than another trait. Is written in capital letters for Genotype. E.g Tall genotype is TT or Tt where T is the allele for tall trait and t is the trait for small. T will be expressed more.






10. It is the time from when the Earth formed and simple life - forms evolved (and it is the longest era)






11. Pea plants






12. Types of rocks formed after exposure to very high heat. Because of the high temperatures - fossils are not able to be recovered from these types of rocks. Absolute or radioactive dating is possible - however.






13. Used radioactive sulfur and radioactive phosphorus to determine that DNA is the genetic material - by demonstrating that it is DNA that is injected by bacteriophages into bacterial cells during infection






14. Messenger RNA; type of RNA that carries instructions from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome






15. Term used to refer to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait. e.g TT is the homozygous genotype for Tall.






16. Selection acting against the extremes of a range of variation - resulting in resistance to change in allele frequencies






17. Structure present in an organism however does NOT have a known function. May link organisms with similar vestigial structures. Example: appendix - coccyx bone - whale leg bones.






18. A DNA strand that has the bases CTAATGT forms a complete complementary double helix with






19. Physical characteristics of an organism based on its genotype. e.g. Plant that has a genotype of TT will have a phenotype of Tall.






20. A process that results in an allele having a different probability of remaining in the gene pool compared with that of another allele






21. A point of overlap of paired chromatids at which fusion and exchange of genetic material (crossing over) occurs during prophase I of meiosis.






22. How often a particular gene occurs in the population






23. Movement of organisms ro of from a population






24. Structures in different but related species that are derived from the same ancestral structure but now serve different purposes.






25. The study of the structures of different organisms - looking at homologous parts






26. Chromosomes are collections of many






27. shape of a DNA molecule formed when two twisted DNA strands are coiled into a springlike structure and held together by hydrogen bonds between the bases.






28. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of the chromosome is removed






29. Building block of a nucleic acid (DNA and RNA)






30. The specific location of a gene on a chromosome






31. The number of times an allele appears in a population






32. Of a cell or organism having two sets of homologous chromosomes or twice the haploid number






33. Two alternative forms of a gene e.g Tall vs Short






34. Describes the existence of a prezygotic reproductive barrier between two species as a result of them occupying or breeding in different habitats within the same general geographical area






35. Is active during transcription






36. It means chromosomes are paired. One of each chromosome in a pair originates from the father and one from the mother. They affect the same trait - but don't necessarily cause the same expression of the trait.






37. Middle life (245-144 million years ago); rise of mammals and dinosaurs; the rise of birds; extinction of dinosaurs - rise of flowering plants






38. A model for the evolution of different froms over a long period of time but with only slight chchanges occring between successive generations






39. Molecules that join together to form DNA and RNA. Monomers that make up a nucleic acid






40. The final product of transcription is...






41. Dna moves during electrophoresis because of...






42. Process by which one species gives rise to two or more species






43. Change in allele frequencies as a result of the migration of a small subgroup of a population






44. Determined the concept of complementary base pairing






45. Type of rock made from small pieces of other rocks and organisms pressed together. Source of fossil preservation. Limited radioactive or absolute dating potential.






46. Trait evolves overtime; NO common ancestry






47. Visual expression of a trait






48. Are noncoding sequences in the gene that are removed from RNA after transcription






49. Term used to refer to an organism that has two different alleles for the same trait. e.g Tt is the heterozygous genotype for Tall.






50. T or F a codon consist of three nucleotides