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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Any agent that can cause a change in DNA






2. Organ no longer serves a function






3. Name for oism with one dominant and one recessive allele






4. An organism that has characteristics resulting from chromosomal alteration. This is a result of crossing over of the chromosomes during Meiosis - mutations and random segregation.






5. Genes contain instructions for assembling






6. When a few individuals become isolated from a larger population - this smaller group may establish a new population whose gene pool is different from their source population.






7. A taxon originating from and including a single common ancestor






8. Change of an organism over time. This can be caused by changes in in habitat or need to adapt for survival.






9. An equilibrium in the occurence of two or more different froms within the same population usually caused by different allele combiinations of a gene






10. A small simple structure (as a fertilized egg) from which new tissue can develop into a complete organism. It is also a cell






11. Embryos of similar organisms have very similar early development indicating similar DNA at work






12. A type of barrier between species; the species remain isolated because male and femal gametes of the different species cannot fuse - or they die before they unite.






13. Natural selection that causes the frequency of a particular allele to move in one direction






14. One of the types of fossils made from hardened tree resin. Preserves both hard and soft parts.






15. Earth's history organized into four eras: Precambrian - Paleozoic - Mesozoic - and Cenozoic






16. All the factors in an organism's surroundings that can potentially affect it






17. Used radioactive sulfur and radioactive phosphorus to determine that DNA is the genetic material - by demonstrating that it is DNA that is injected by bacteriophages into bacterial cells during infection






18. Cross where you cross unknown genotype with a recessive






19. Disappearance of a species from all parts of its geographical range






20. Separation of species or populations so that they cannot interbreed and produce fertile offspring






21. The individuals choice of which mate they will choose. The choice is dependant on what traits the individual finds attractive. e.g some people will want their mates to be smart or pretty.






22. process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis.






23. Even if the gametes of the two species meet - fertilization does not occur






24. The banding pattern of a persons DNA after being cut and run on gel is called






25. A nucleotide of RNA is made of...






26. The complete genetic material contained in an individual






27. It means chromosomes are paired. One of each chromosome in a pair originates from the father and one from the mother. They affect the same trait - but don't necessarily cause the same expression of the trait.






28. Of a cell or organism having two sets of homologous chromosomes or twice the haploid number






29. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of one chromosome attaches to a nonhomologous chromosome






30. Evolution of the earth - which is hypothesized to have been formed over 4.6 billion years ago.






31. Periods of little adaptive change






32. The signal on a mRNA molecule that designates the end of the coding sequence is called the...






33. Form of reproductive isolation in which structural differences in the anatomy of reproductive organs prevent sperm transfer between individuals of different species






34. Transfer RNA; type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome






35. Reciprocal evolution in two species as a result of the selection pressure each imposes upon the other






36. Impression made from a organism in soft material such as sand or mud.






37. Building block of a nucleic acid (DNA and RNA)






38. How many codons are needed to specify three amino acids






39. Is a trait that is more expressed than another trait. Is written in capital letters for Genotype. E.g Tall genotype is TT or Tt where T is the allele for tall trait and t is the trait for small. T will be expressed more.






40. Building block of a protein






41. Mating of an individual of unknown genotype but dominant phenotype w/ a homozygous recessive individual






42. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events






43. Populations that can interbreed with neighboring populations but not with populations separated by larger geographical distances






44. The offspring of a cross between two inbred lines within a single species. May also refer to the offspring of across between two species






45. Used x ray cyrstallography to create an image of DNA






46. Selection acting against the middle of a range of variation






47. Form of reproductive isolation in which two populations reproduce at different times






48. An ancestor that two or more descendants have in common






49. Which type of Rna functions as a blue print of the genetic code






50. Is a sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait. This is because the sequence of bases code for certain proteins.