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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The movement of genes between populations as a result of mating of migration






2. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events






3. Used radioactive sulfur and radioactive phosphorus to determine that DNA is the genetic material - by demonstrating that it is DNA that is injected by bacteriophages into bacterial cells during infection






4. A mutation in which one nucleotide is replaced by another nucleotide






5. Mating of 2 oism that differ in 2 characters






6. Populations that can interbreed with neighboring populations but not with populations separated by larger geographical distances






7. Separation of species or populations so that they cannot interbreed and produce fertile offspring






8. Organisms with a similar underlying structure - but different function. Example: bird - bat and dolphin 'arm'. Shows a common ancestral link.






9. The final product of transcription is...






10. Threadlike structure within the nucleus containing the genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next






11. An evolutionary 'branch' and its daughter 'twigs'






12. Deoxyribonucleic acid carries the genetic code for the proper functioning of an organism. It is composed of 5 carbon sugar (deoxyribose) four bases Adenine - Thymine - Cytosine and Guanine. the sugar is bonded to a phosphate group. This forms a long






13. During transcription an RNA molecule is formed






14. shape of a DNA molecule formed when two twisted DNA strands are coiled into a springlike structure and held together by hydrogen bonds between the bases.






15. Is the evolutionary process whereby a population becomes better suited to its habitat






16. Speciation preceded by a period of geographical isolation






17. Organism is preserved at very low temperatures. Preservation of both hard and soft parts can occur.






18. How often a particular gene occurs in the population






19. Process by which one species gives rise to two or more species






20. Innate trait; shared ancestry






21. Science dealing with DNA and protein synthesis of living organisms. Manipulation of DNA.






22. Independent segregation of genes during the formation of gametes






23. Messenger RNA; type of RNA that carries instructions from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome






24. You mate the unknown genotype with an organism showing the recessive trait. If any of the offspring show the recessive trait - the original unknown parent was heterozygous. If no recessive trats show up - the original parent was homozygous.






25. An equilibrium in the occurence of two or more different froms within the same population usually caused by different allele combiinations of a gene






26. Impression made from a organism in soft material such as sand or mud.






27. When F1 is fully fertile but F2 has low fertility (rice - cotton)






28. What is one benefit for having two strands of DNA?






29. Change in allele frequencies as a result of the migration of a small subgroup of a population






30. Change to a chromosome in which part of the chromosome is repeated






31. Disappearance of a species from all parts of its geographical range






32. The individuals choice of which mate they will choose. The choice is dependant on what traits the individual finds attractive. e.g some people will want their mates to be smart or pretty.






33. A group of organisms whose members are sufficiently alike to be able to reproduce and produce fertile offspring and who are unable to reproduce with other such groups






34. When zygote does not complete development or is physically weaker than normal






35. Molecules that join together to form DNA and RNA. Monomers that make up a nucleic acid






36. A fossil known to have lived in a particular geologic age that can be used to date the rock layer in which it is found






37. A change in the base sequence of DNA; the ultimate source of new alleles






38. An organism that has characteristics resulting from chromosomal alteration. This is a result of crossing over of the chromosomes during Meiosis - mutations and random segregation.






39. DNA that is coiled around proteins






40. Heteros have a phenotype tintertmediate b/t phenotypes of the 2 homoz






41. A combining of genes or characters different from what they were in the parents






42. A geographic gradient in the extent to which a character is developed in a species






43. Features that are superficially similar but have different modes of development






44. A type of barrier between species; the species remain isolated because male and femal gametes of the different species cannot fuse - or they die before they unite.






45. Evolutionary process in which a species or related species folllow different evolutionary paths to eventually become less related






46. Recognize and cut DNA at specific sequences usually palindromes






47. The structure on a tRNA molecule that allows it interact with an mRNA molecule






48. 2 alleles for a character separate during the formation of gametes - so that each gamete only carriers one allele for each character

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49. The inherited characteristic often masked by the dominant characteristic and not seen in an organism. e.g. Tt plant will still be tall. Where T is the dominant trait for tall and t is the recessive trait for small.






50. Cross where you cross unknown genotype with a recessive