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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Relatively rapid proliferation from an ancestral type into new types which fill a diversity of ecological niches






2. shape of a DNA molecule formed when two twisted DNA strands are coiled into a springlike structure and held together by hydrogen bonds between the bases.






3. Speciation preceded by a period of geographical isolation






4. A pairing where the parent plants differ in only one character.






5. The study relating the evolution of new charateristics to changes in the genes controlling development






6. Consists of all genes - including all the different alleles - that are present in a population






7. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events






8. How many codons are needed to specify three amino acids






9. Copying the code from DNA onto mRNA






10. Human - like species that existed millions of years ago as witnessed through fossil evidence.






11. The region of the chromosome that holds the two sister chromatids together during mitosis






12. Organisms with a similar underlying structure - but different function. Example: bird - bat and dolphin 'arm'. Shows a common ancestral link.






13. Structure present in an organism however does NOT have a known function. May link organisms with similar vestigial structures. Example: appendix - coccyx bone - whale leg bones.






14. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events






15. The molecules responsible for bringing amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis are






16. Method of replication that implies that each new strand of DNA is half original and half new






17. Geologic period that followed the Precambrian;means 'ancient life' - early life (570-286 million years ago); single cell organisms - shells - mollusks - rise of first vertebrates - rise of land plants - amphibians - insects - seed plants - and trees






18. Organ that serves no useful function in an organism






19. T or F a codon consist of three nucleotides






20. Because of base pairing in DNA the amount of






21. Type of rock made from small pieces of other rocks and organisms pressed together. Source of fossil preservation. Limited radioactive or absolute dating potential.






22. One of the identical rods of a chromosome.






23. Is the genetic makeup of an organism (TT or Tt) ; All the combinations of genes you have for a certain trait.






24. Term used to refer to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait. e.g TT is the homozygous genotype for Tall.






25. Identical alleles for a gene






26. The signal on a mRNA molecule that designates the end of the coding sequence is called the...






27. Building block of a nucleic acid (DNA and RNA)






28. DNA that is coiled around proteins






29. Organ no longer serves a function






30. Form of reproductive isolation in which tere are differences in species courtship behavior






31. Natural disaster eliminates most of the population - members left contribute the alleles for the new population.






32. Disappearance of a species from all parts of its geographical range






33. Selection for the ability to obtain a mate






34. Trait where heterozygous is a blending of two alleles






35. Process by which a ribosome uses the code on mRNA to make proteins






36. Is a trait that is more expressed than another trait. Is written in capital letters for Genotype. E.g Tall genotype is TT or Tt where T is the allele for tall trait and t is the trait for small. T will be expressed more.






37. Layers of compressed sedimentary rock demonstrate the order or sequence at which events occurred. Cannot delineate the exact point of time - but is able to distinguish the order of events.






38. The inherited characteristic often masked by the dominant characteristic and not seen in an organism. e.g. Tt plant will still be tall. Where T is the dominant trait for tall and t is the recessive trait for small.






39. Predicts the possible outcome of a genetic cross.






40. Are noncoding sequences in the gene that are removed from RNA after transcription






41. Transfer RNA; type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome






42. The sum total of an organism's requirements; its way of life






43. Is any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome.






44. Form of reproductive isolation in which structural differences in the anatomy of reproductive organs prevent sperm transfer between individuals of different species






45. Found only in that country






46. The offspring of a cross between two inbred lines within a single species. May also refer to the offspring of across between two species






47. The formation of new species as a result of evolution






48. In the event of a sperm fertilizing an egg of another species - mechanisms that prevent result being fruitful






49. When zygote does not complete development or is physically weaker than normal






50. A change or error in the DNA sequence