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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Genetics And Evolution
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Subjects
:
cset
,
science
,
genetics
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. How many codons are needed to specify three amino acids
Codon
cytosine in DNA is about equal to the percentage of guanine molecules
three
Extinction
2. Separates DNA by size
Recombination
Duplication
Monohybrid Cross
gel electrophoresis
3. The study relating the evolution of new charateristics to changes in the genes controlling development
Hybrid Infertility
Evo Devo
Population
tRNA
4. Identical alleles for a gene
Fitness
Homozygote
RNA polymerase
Gamete Isolation
5. Describes a cell - nucleus - or organism that has only one set of unpaired chromosomes
Haploid/Monoploid
Cenozoic era
mRNA
Stasis
6. Embryos of similar organisms have very similar early development indicating similar DNA at work
Comparative Embryology
restriction enzyme
Fossils
stop codon
7. An organism that has characteristics resulting from chromosomal alteration. This is a result of crossing over of the chromosomes during Meiosis - mutations and random segregation.
Variation
Nucleotide
nucleotide
ribose - phosphate - and a base
8. A population partially isolated from other populations of the same species
Amber
Deme
geologic time scale
Gene flow
9. Reciprocal evolution in two species as a result of the selection pressure each imposes upon the other
Coevolution
Meiosis
Molecular biology
Alleles
10. An episode of large - scale extinction affecting many different groups of organisms within a short period of time
Molecular biology
Mass Extinction
Comparative anatomy
Habitat
11. Building block of a nucleic acid (DNA and RNA)
nucleotide
Mechanical (morphological) Isolation
Sedimentary Rock
Bottleneck Effect
12. Structure present in an organism however does NOT have a known function. May link organisms with similar vestigial structures. Example: appendix - coccyx bone - whale leg bones.
Ring Species
Vestigial structure
Balanced Polymorphism
Alleles
13. Deoxyribonucleic acid carries the genetic code for the proper functioning of an organism. It is composed of 5 carbon sugar (deoxyribose) four bases Adenine - Thymine - Cytosine and Guanine. the sugar is bonded to a phosphate group. This forms a long
DNA
Chromosome mutation
embryological evidence
Variation
14. Three dimensional shape of organism made from a mold. May be created with plaster or over time with minerals.
nucleotide
restriction enzymes - sticky ends
Cast
Behavioral (ethological) Isolation
15. Structures in different but related species that are derived from the same ancestral structure but now serve different purposes.
Deme
Homologous Structures
Test Cross
Mate Selection
16. The backbone of DNA consist of...
that is complementary to a single strand of DNA
Mutation
deoxyribose and phosphate
Sub - species
17. Ribosomes are made of...
RNA polymerase
rRNA
analogous (Evolution Evidence)
Rosalind Franklin
18. The signal on a mRNA molecule that designates the end of the coding sequence is called the...
Gametic
Artificial selection
true
stop codon
19. It is the time from when the Earth formed and simple life - forms evolved (and it is the longest era)
Igneous and metamorphic rock
mRNA
Precambrian era
Analogous Structures (analogies)
20. Trait evolves overtime; NO common ancestry
analogous (Evolution Evidence)
Heterozygous
Autosomes
Testcross
21. Different alleles for a gene
Heterozygote
Genetic Drift
Guanine
Vestigial organs
22. Visual expression of a trait
Vestigial structure
Analogous Features
Phenotype
Parallel Evolution
23. Transcrition occurs in the...
Gametic
Extinction
Comparative anatomy
nucleus
24. T or F a codon consist of three nucleotides
Translocation
Hybrid Breakdown
true
Evo Devo
25. Predicts the possible outcome of a genetic cross.
Industrial Melanism
watson and crick
Semi - conservative replication
Punnett Square
26. The formation of new species as a result of evolution
Speciation
geologic time scale
Allopatric Speciation
Gene flow
27. The type of environment in which an organism or group normally lives or occurs
Sex Chromosomes
Genotype
Environment
Habitat
28. The environmental factors that favour certain phenotypes
Mold
Ring Species
Centromere
Selection pressure
29. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events
Precambrian era
Organic Evolution
transcription
Genetic Drift
30. A DNA strand that has the bases CTAATGT forms a complete complementary double helix with
GATTACA
Allele
False RNA
Founder Effect
31. Individual that is heterozygous for two traits; shows the phenotype governed by the dominant alleles but carries the recessive alleles
Heterozygous
rRNA
Dihybrid
Post -zygotic Mechanisms
32. Group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring
Chiasma
Hybrid Breakdown
Species
Hershey and Chase
33. T or F A cloned organism has the same proteins as another organism
gel electrophoresis
False genes
Phenotype
RNA polymerase
34. A pairing where the parent plants differ in only one character.
Independent assortment
Selection pressure
Homologous pair
Monohybrid Cross
35. The evolutionary history/geneology of a group of organisms (a tree thingy)
Macroevolution
Fossil
Phylogeny
Homozygote
36. Shows how the embryos of different groups resemble each other at particular stages. Similarities indicate groups may share a common ancestor
Genome
Comparative embryology
Vestigial structure
Mutation
37. Organisms with similar functions - but different underlying structure. Example: bird and insect wing. These structures do NOT show a common ancestral link.
deoxyribose and phosphate
Fossils
Analogous structures
Guanine
38. These prevent fertilization between species e.g. diff breeding season - mating behaviour
rRNA
Pre -zygotic Mechanisms
Ecological Barrier
Bottleneck Effect
39. A genetic crosses that involve one trait. e.g TT plant crossed with tt plant has offspring who are heterozygous Tt.
Centromere
nucleotide
Monohybrid
trace fossils
40. Cell division that produces reproductive cells or gamates.This occurs in the gonads (testicle and ovaries in animals) Here the chromosome number is halved the original amount. (each new cell has a haploid number = n) All daughter cells are not geneti
Meiosis
Selection pressure
mRNA
Absolute dating
41. The region of the chromosome that holds the two sister chromatids together during mitosis
Allopatric Speciation
Centromere
Test Cross
tRNA
42. The study of the structures of different organisms - looking at homologous parts
deoxyribose and phosphate
Comparative Anatomy
Rosalind Franklin
Adenine
43. Similar DNA sequences or protein structures (such as hemoglobin) may link different species to a similar ancestor.
Fossils
Independent assortment
Relative dating
molecular evidence
44. The capacity of an individual of certain genotype to reproduce. It is usually equal to the proportion of the individual's genes in all the genes of the next generation
Fitness
Genotype
Monohybrid
Comparative anatomy
45. Geologic period that followed the Precambrian;means 'ancient life' - early life (570-286 million years ago); single cell organisms - shells - mollusks - rise of first vertebrates - rise of land plants - amphibians - insects - seed plants - and trees
codon
amino acids
Gene Flow
Paleozoic era
46. The molecules responsible for bringing amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis are
replication
tRNA
Population
Incomplete Dominance
47. Impression made from a organism in soft material such as sand or mud.
Mold
Fossils
Hominid
Bottleneck Effect
48. Consists of all genes - including all the different alleles - that are present in a population
Pre -zygotic Mechanisms
Selection pressure
Gene pool
Sympatric Speciation
49. Nucleotides that control which amino acids are added during protein synthesis
Allele Frequency
Artificial selection
Amber
Codon
50. Uses metamorphic or igneous rock - calculates the age of an object by assessing the amount of radioactive element still present in the organism. Radioactive elements are slowly lost over time because of decay.
Absolute dating
Stasis
tRNA
Variation
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