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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Genetics And Evolution
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Subjects
:
cset
,
science
,
genetics
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Features of different species tat are similar in function but not necessarily in structure and in which the similarity is not the result of common ancestry
Analogous Features
Analogous Structures (analogies)
Mass Extinction
index fossil
2. A process that results in an allele having a different probability of remaining in the gene pool compared with that of another allele
Selection
true
The cell uses information from mRNA to produce proteins
body fossils
3. When F1 is fully fertile but F2 has low fertility (rice - cotton)
Test Cross
Analogous Features
Crossing over
Hybrid Breakdown
4. The specific location of a gene on a chromosome
genes
Population
Locus
Artificial selection
5. DNA that is coiled around proteins
Relative dating
Test Cross
chromatin
Natural Selection
6. A limb with five digits (fingers)
Pentadactyl limb
Artificial selection
Divergent Evolution
Sexual Selection
7. The type of environment in which an organism or group normally lives or occurs
Germ
Analogous structures
Genotype
Habitat
8. Predicts the possible outcome of a genetic cross.
Analogous structures
anticodon
vestigial (Evolution Evidence)
Punnett Square
9. Form of reproductive isolation in which tere are differences in species courtship behavior
Species
Behavioral (ethological) Isolation
Deme
Gene pool
10. Independent segregation of genes during the formation of gametes
Homozygous
Population
Gene pool
Independent assortment
11. Uses metamorphic or igneous rock - calculates the age of an object by assessing the amount of radioactive element still present in the organism. Radioactive elements are slowly lost over time because of decay.
Niche
Absolute dating
Guanine
Polyploidy
12. A copy of a gene is made during a process called this
Recombination
transcription
RNA polymerase
Adaptation
13. All the factors in an organism's surroundings that can potentially affect it
Environment
homologous (Evolution Evidence)
introns
Duplication
14. Structure present in an organism however does NOT have a known function. May link organisms with similar vestigial structures. Example: appendix - coccyx bone - whale leg bones.
Sedimentary Rock
Autosomes
Semi - conservative replication
Vestigial structure
15. The movement of individuals into an area
Directional Selection
Immigration
Vestigial organs
DNA fingerprint
16. Two alternative forms of a gene e.g Tall vs Short
Alleles
Comparative Anatomy
analogous (Evolution Evidence)
Test Cross
17. What is one benefit for having two strands of DNA?
Dominant
Founder effect
Geographical Isolation
If you lose one then you will still have one to back you up.
18. Because of base pairing in DNA the amount of
Translocation
Haploid/Monoploid
vestigial (Evolution Evidence)
cytosine in DNA is about equal to the percentage of guanine molecules
19. It means chromosomes are paired. One of each chromosome in a pair originates from the father and one from the mother. They affect the same trait - but don't necessarily cause the same expression of the trait.
that is complementary to a single strand of DNA
Common Ancestor
Homologous pair
Directional Selection
20. A process where the organisms that have traits that aid in its survival (adaptive traits) will reproduce to pass that trait to futher generations thus increasing the frequency of that trait in the population. Vice versa traits that reduce the chance
Natural Selection
transcription
Ring Species
Homologous Structures
21. Another term for pure breeding
Phyletic Gradualism (anagenesis)
Homozygous
Substitution
Homologous structures
22. Layers of compressed sedimentary rock demonstrate the order or sequence at which events occurred. Cannot delineate the exact point of time - but is able to distinguish the order of events.
Monohybrid Cross
Phyletic Gradualism (anagenesis)
Precambrian era
Relative dating
23. During transcription an RNA molecule is formed
Meiosis
that is complementary to a single strand of DNA
homologous (Evolution Evidence)
Analogous structures
24. A type of natural selection in which genetic diversity decreases as the population stabilises on a particular trait value
Macroevolution
Stabilising selection
Mate Selection
Natural Selection
25. Selection against one end of a range of variation - resulting in a progressive change in allele frequency
RNA polymerase
Ice
Directional Selection
tRNA
26. Impression made from a organism in soft material such as sand or mud.
Monohybrid
that is complementary to a single strand of DNA
Sexual Selection
Mold
27. An ancestor that two or more descendants have in common
Common Ancestor
Genome
Comparative Embryology
geologic time scale
28. Similar DNA sequences or protein structures (such as hemoglobin) may link different species to a similar ancestor.
Parallel Evolution
nucleotides
molecular evidence
Stasis
29. Found only in that country
Dominant
Endemic
Punnett Square
Substitution
30. Organisms with similar functions - but different underlying structure. Example: bird and insect wing. These structures do NOT show a common ancestral link.
Centromere
Behavioral (ethological) Isolation
Analogous structures
mRNA
31. A point of overlap of paired chromatids at which fusion and exchange of genetic material (crossing over) occurs during prophase I of meiosis.
deoxyribonucleic acid
vestigial (Evolution Evidence)
Test Cross
Chiasma
32. Is any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome.
Autosomes
Sequential Evolution
thymine
Phenotype
33. Building block of a nucleic acid (DNA and RNA)
Analogous structures
Guanine
nucleotide
Natural Selection
34. A body cell
transcription
Phylogeny
Somatic
Geologic Evolution
35. The complete genetic material contained in an individual
Pre -zygotic Mechanisms
Genome
Allopatric Speciation
Organic Evolution
36. Evolution of the earth - which is hypothesized to have been formed over 4.6 billion years ago.
Geologic Evolution
Coevolution
Pentadactyl limb
Disruptive Selection
37. Movement of alleles into or out of a population due to the migration of individuals to or from the population
Common Ancestor
Paleozoic era
mRNA
Gene flow
38. A trait that masks the expression of another trait
Homozygous
Clade
Dominant
Bottle neck effect
39. Process by which an organism is slowly turned to stone as the body is replaced by minerals.
Chargaff
Genotype
Petrification
Chromatid
40. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of the chromosome is removed
Deletion
Homozygous
Allopatric Speciation
Endemic
41. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of one chromosome attaches to a nonhomologous chromosome
Dominant
clinC
vestigial (Evolution Evidence)
Translocation
42. Shows how the embryos of different groups resemble each other at particular stages. Similarities indicate groups may share a common ancestor
Balanced Polymorphism
Analogous Structures (analogies)
Fossils
Comparative embryology
43. Genes contain instructions for assembling
Diploid
Biogeography
Natural Selection
proteins
44. Used radioactive sulfur and radioactive phosphorus to determine that DNA is the genetic material - by demonstrating that it is DNA that is injected by bacteriophages into bacterial cells during infection
codon
Pentadactyl limb
Hershey and Chase
Selection pressure
45. Selection acting against the middle of a range of variation
Extinction
Mendel's Principle of Segregation
Disruptive Selection
mRNA
46. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events
Mesozoic era
Allele Frequency
Gene
Genetic Drift
47. Chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual. These are X for female and Y for male. The female egg is an X while the male sperm can be X or Y
Chiasma
introns
tRNA
Sex Chromosomes
48. One of the identical rods of a chromosome.
Gene
Chromatid
Incomplete Dominance
The cell uses information from mRNA to produce proteins
49. Innate trait; shared ancestry
Gene Flow
mRNA
homologous (Evolution Evidence)
Genetic Drift
50. Organisms with a similar underlying structure - but different function. Example: bird - bat and dolphin 'arm'. Shows a common ancestral link.
Evo Devo
molecular evidence
Homologous structures
Fossil
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