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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Genetics And Evolution
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Subjects
:
cset
,
science
,
genetics
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Name for oism with one dominant and one recessive allele
Heterozygous
nucleus
Translocation
Artificial selection
2. Gene
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3. Describes the isolation of a physical barrier e.g. body of water (ocean) or mountains
Geographical Isolation
Chromatid
Environment
introns
4. Form of reproductive isolation in which two populations reproduce at different times
Bottleneck Effect
Gene frequency
Temporal Isolation
Mate Selection
5. A pairing where the parent plants differ in only one character.
Monohybrid Cross
body fossils
Population
Mold
6. DNA that is coiled around proteins
Fitness
Polyploidy
Fossils
chromatin
7. Dna moves during electrophoresis because of...
Sequential Evolution
Genetic Drift
its negative charge
Adenine
8. Is a sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait. This is because the sequence of bases code for certain proteins.
Heritable variation
Cenozoic era
Gene
Relative dating
9. A type of barrier between species; the species remain isolated because male and femal gametes of the different species cannot fuse - or they die before they unite.
Gametic
tRNA
Sex Chromosomes
Species
10. A point of overlap of paired chromatids at which fusion and exchange of genetic material (crossing over) occurs during prophase I of meiosis.
Punctuated Equilibrium
Gene frequency
hydrogen bonds
Chiasma
11. A nucleotide of RNA is made of...
Clade
ribose - phosphate - and a base
Stabilising selection
Gamete Isolation
12. The enzyme that binds to the promoter region of a gene during transcription is called...
RNA polymerase
Allele Frequency
Directional Selection
Test Cross
13. The number of times an allele appears in a population
Chargaff
Allele Frequency
rRNA
Double Helix
14. Organisms with a similar underlying structure - but different function. Example: bird - bat and dolphin 'arm'. Shows a common ancestral link.
restriction enzymes - sticky ends
Polyploidy
Sexual Selection
Homologous structures
15. Molecules that join together to form DNA and RNA. Monomers that make up a nucleic acid
Nucleotide
Polyploidy
Sex Chromosomes
Industrial Melanism
16. Separates DNA by size
gel electrophoresis
introns
Convergent Evolution
Sedimentary Rock
17. The individuals choice of which mate they will choose. The choice is dependant on what traits the individual finds attractive. e.g some people will want their mates to be smart or pretty.
Mate Selection
Gametic
Gene frequency
true
18. Movement of organisms ro of from a population
Endemic
Migration
Natural Selection
Vestigial structure
19. Change to a chromosome in which part of the chromosome is repeated
Cytosine
Evolution
Duplication
Nucleotide
20. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events
Dominant
Testcross
Cast
Genetic Drift
21. One of the identical rods of a chromosome.
Chromatid
vestigial (Evolution Evidence)
Industrial Melanism
Incomplete Dominance
22. A model for the evolution of different froms over a long period of time but with only slight chchanges occring between successive generations
that is complementary to a single strand of DNA
mRNA
Mutation
Phyletic Gradualism (anagenesis)
23. Messenger RNA; type of RNA that carries instructions from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome
mRNA
Monohybrid Cross
Ecological Barrier
watson and crick
24. Cross where you cross unknown genotype with a recessive
3 nucleotides
mRNA
Test Cross
Meiosis
25. Group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area
index fossil
Population
Adaptation
Speciation
26. A trait that masks the expression of another trait
mRNA
Dominant
gel electrophoresis
Chargaff
27. The environmental factors that favour certain phenotypes
Diploid
Selection pressure
chromatin
index fossil
28. Term used to refer to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait. e.g TT is the homozygous genotype for Tall.
Comparative anatomy
Homozygous
nucleus
vestigial (Evolution Evidence)
29. The movement of individuals into an area
If you lose one then you will still have one to back you up.
Deletion
Immigration
Gene flow
30. Natural disaster eliminates most of the population - members left contribute the alleles for the new population.
Bottle neck effect
three
Fossils
Stasis
31. Movement of alleles into or out of a population due to the migration of individuals to or from the population
The cell uses information from mRNA to produce proteins
trace fossils
Gene flow
Convergent Evolution
32. Is a base found in DNA and RNA. This base pairs with Cytosine in DNA
mRNA
Gene pool
Independent assortment
Guanine
33. The inherited characteristic often masked by the dominant characteristic and not seen in an organism. e.g. Tt plant will still be tall. Where T is the dominant trait for tall and t is the recessive trait for small.
Recessive
Nucleotide
Gametic
index fossil
34. Change of an organism over time. This can be caused by changes in in habitat or need to adapt for survival.
Mold
ribose - phosphate - and a base
cytosine in DNA is about equal to the percentage of guanine molecules
Evolution
35. How often a form of a gene appears in a gene pool
cytoplasm
Independent assortment
Sequential Evolution
Allele Frequency
36. Relatively rapid proliferation from an ancestral type into new types which fill a diversity of ecological niches
Adaptive Radiation
Temporal Isolation
Gene
Stasis
37. Human - like species that existed millions of years ago as witnessed through fossil evidence.
Allele Frequency
restriction enzyme
Hominid
Disruptive Selection
38. The movement of genes between populations as a result of mating of migration
Dominant
Gene Flow
Mold
Cast
39. A mutation in which one nucleotide is replaced by another nucleotide
Vestigial organs
Substitution
Mutation
Genetic Equilibrium
40. Form of reproductive isolation in which structural differences in the anatomy of reproductive organs prevent sperm transfer between individuals of different species
Founder effect
Somatic
Mechanical (morphological) Isolation
Testcross
41. Evolution resulting from small specific genetic changes that can lead to a new subspecies
Microevolution
Hybrid Infertility
Substitution
Genetic Drift
42. Individual that is heterozygous for two traits; shows the phenotype governed by the dominant alleles but carries the recessive alleles
Phenotype
Dihybrid
stop codon
Genetic Equilibrium
43. Populations that can interbreed with neighboring populations but not with populations separated by larger geographical distances
Amber
Ring Species
tRNA
Sympatric Speciation
44. Nucleotides that control which amino acids are added during protein synthesis
Codon
rRNA
Genetic Equilibrium
Mate Selection
45. A codon is made of...
Pre -zygotic Mechanisms
3 nucleotides
Hybrid
Niche
46. Change in allele frequencies as a result of the migration of a small subgroup of a population
Recessive
Phenotype
Founder Effect
Allele Frequency
47. Type of rock made from small pieces of other rocks and organisms pressed together. Source of fossil preservation. Limited radioactive or absolute dating potential.
Evo Devo
Sedimentary Rock
Temporal Isolation
Deletion
48. A process where the organisms that have traits that aid in its survival (adaptive traits) will reproduce to pass that trait to futher generations thus increasing the frequency of that trait in the population. Vice versa traits that reduce the chance
Homozygous
Natural Selection
Hybrid Infertility
Mitosis
49. Another name for a gene
Environment
Founder Effect
Absolute dating
Allele
50. Large - scale evolutionary changes that take place over long periods of time
Evo Devo
Founder effect
Macroevolution
Gene Flow
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