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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Building block of a nucleic acid (DNA and RNA)






2. Mating of 2 oism that differ in 2 characters






3. It is the time from when the Earth formed and simple life - forms evolved (and it is the longest era)






4. A limb with five digits (fingers)






5. Another term for pure breeding






6. Mating of an individual of unknown genotype but dominant phenotype w/ a homozygous recessive individual






7. The evolutionary process by which a species becomes better suited to its niche.






8. An organism that has characteristics resulting from chromosomal alteration. This is a result of crossing over of the chromosomes during Meiosis - mutations and random segregation.






9. 2 alleles for a character separate during the formation of gametes - so that each gamete only carriers one allele for each character

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10. Visual expression of a trait






11. Is a sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait. This is because the sequence of bases code for certain proteins.






12. Determined the complete double helical structure of DNA






13. Predicts the possible outcome of a genetic cross.






14. Earth's history organized into four eras: Precambrian - Paleozoic - Mesozoic - and Cenozoic






15. Periods of little adaptive change






16. The study relating the evolution of new charateristics to changes in the genes controlling development






17. Form of reproductive isolation in which structural differences in the anatomy of reproductive organs prevent sperm transfer between individuals of different species






18. The environmental factors that favour certain phenotypes






19. Relatively rapid proliferation from an ancestral type into new types which fill a diversity of ecological niches






20. A body cell






21. The reduction of a population - typically by a natural disaster - such that the surviving population is no longer genetically representative of the original population.






22. Process by which one species gives rise to two or more species






23. Type of rock made from small pieces of other rocks and organisms pressed together. Source of fossil preservation. Limited radioactive or absolute dating potential.






24. A change or error in the DNA sequence






25. A fossil known to have lived in a particular geologic age that can be used to date the rock layer in which it is found






26. Shows how the embryos of different groups resemble each other at particular stages. Similarities indicate groups may share a common ancestor






27. Organism is preserved at very low temperatures. Preservation of both hard and soft parts can occur.






28. T or F A cloned organism has the same proteins as another organism






29. shape of a DNA molecule formed when two twisted DNA strands are coiled into a springlike structure and held together by hydrogen bonds between the bases.






30. A base found in DNA (but not in RNA). This base pairs with Adenine.






31. Molecules that join together to form DNA and RNA. Monomers that make up a nucleic acid






32. Describes the existence of a prezygotic reproductive barrier between two species as a result of them occupying or breeding in different habitats within the same general geographical area






33. Hybrid is sterile so biologically unfit






34. A distinct population of a species that varies from other populations of the same species.






35. Independent segregation of genes during the formation of gametes






36. Physical characteristics of an organism based on its genotype. e.g. Plant that has a genotype of TT will have a phenotype of Tall.






37. A geographic gradient in the extent to which a character is developed in a species






38. The capacity of an individual of certain genotype to reproduce. It is usually equal to the proportion of the individual's genes in all the genes of the next generation






39. Proteins are made of...






40. How many codons are needed to specify three amino acids






41. Movement of alleles into or out of a population due to the migration of individuals to or from the population






42. What does DNA stand for...






43. A unique combination of traits that are passed down from one generation to another.






44. When chromosome is changed by radiation and chemicals - results a permanent structural change in the chromosome - which will no longer be able to pair with its homologous pair. Eg - deletion - duplication - inversion and translocation.






45. Era of recent life that began about 66 million years ago and continues today; includes the first appearance Hominids






46. You mate the unknown genotype with an organism showing the recessive trait. If any of the offspring show the recessive trait - the original unknown parent was heterozygous. If no recessive trats show up - the original parent was homozygous.






47. When a few individuals become isolated from a larger population - this smaller group may establish a new population whose gene pool is different from their source population.






48. Name for oism with one dominant and one recessive allele






49. Situation in which allele frequencies remain constant






50. Speciation which does not involve a period of geographical separation