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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Structures in different but related species that are derived from the same ancestral structure but now serve different purposes.






2. When a few individuals become isolated from a larger population - this smaller group may establish a new population whose gene pool is different from their source population.






3. Describes the existence of a prezygotic reproductive barrier between two species as a result of them occupying or breeding in different habitats within the same general geographical area






4. Mating of an individual of unknown genotype but dominant phenotype w/ a homozygous recessive individual






5. Features of different species tat are similar in function but not necessarily in structure and in which the similarity is not the result of common ancestry






6. Similar DNA sequences or protein structures (such as hemoglobin) may link different species to a similar ancestor.






7. How often a form of a gene appears in a gene pool






8. How often a particular gene occurs in the population






9. A fossil known to have lived in a particular geologic age that can be used to date the rock layer in which it is found






10. You mate the unknown genotype with an organism showing the recessive trait. If any of the offspring show the recessive trait - the original unknown parent was heterozygous. If no recessive trats show up - the original parent was homozygous.






11. Selection acting against the extremes of a range of variation - resulting in resistance to change in allele frequencies






12. Building block of a protein






13. Change of an organism over time. This can be caused by changes in in habitat or need to adapt for survival.






14. Is a base found in DNA and RNA. In DNA its partner is Thymine. In RNA its partner is Uracil






15. The region of the chromosome that holds the two sister chromatids together during mitosis






16. Individual that is heterozygous for two traits; shows the phenotype governed by the dominant alleles but carries the recessive alleles






17. Process by which an organism is slowly turned to stone as the body is replaced by minerals.






18. Dna moves during electrophoresis because of...






19. When chromosome is changed by radiation and chemicals - results a permanent structural change in the chromosome - which will no longer be able to pair with its homologous pair. Eg - deletion - duplication - inversion and translocation.






20. Movement of organisms ro of from a population






21. A DNA double helix is held together in the center by between nitrogenous bases






22. When F1 is fully fertile but F2 has low fertility (rice - cotton)






23. Shows how the embryos of different groups resemble each other at particular stages. Similarities indicate groups may share a common ancestor






24. A DNA strand that has the bases CTAATGT forms a complete complementary double helix with






25. Form of reproductive isolation in which tere are differences in species courtship behavior






26. Genes contain instructions for assembling






27. Selection acting against the middle of a range of variation






28. When zygote does not complete development or is physically weaker than normal






29. A model for the evolution of different froms over a long period of time but with only slight chchanges occring between successive generations






30. The comparison of the structures of different organisms






31. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of the chromosome is removed






32. Type of rock made from small pieces of other rocks and organisms pressed together. Source of fossil preservation. Limited radioactive or absolute dating potential.






33. Which type of Rna functions as a blue print of the genetic code






34. An ancestor that two or more descendants have in common






35. When competition causes two closely related species to become more different in regions where their ranges overlap






36. A point of overlap of paired chromatids at which fusion and exchange of genetic material (crossing over) occurs during prophase I of meiosis.






37. A change or error in the DNA sequence






38. Evolution of superficial phenotypic similarity of form as a result of similar selection pressures






39. The backbone of DNA consist of...






40. The study of the past and present distribution of species.






41. Movement of alleles into or out of a population due to the migration of individuals to or from the population






42. Is any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome.






43. T or F a codon consist of three nucleotides






44. Describes a cell - nucleus - or organism that has only one set of unpaired chromosomes






45. Type of sympatric speciation that occurs when a new species is formed because of a change in microhabitats






46. Threadlike structure within the nucleus containing the genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next






47. A small simple structure (as a fertilized egg) from which new tissue can develop into a complete organism. It is also a cell






48. Is a trait that is more expressed than another trait. Is written in capital letters for Genotype. E.g Tall genotype is TT or Tt where T is the allele for tall trait and t is the trait for small. T will be expressed more.






49. 2 alleles for a character separate during the formation of gametes - so that each gamete only carriers one allele for each character

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50. A taxon originating from and including a single common ancestor