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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Structure present in an organism however does NOT have a known function. May link organisms with similar vestigial structures. Example: appendix - coccyx bone - whale leg bones.






2. Is the genetic makeup of an organism (TT or Tt) ; All the combinations of genes you have for a certain trait.






3. The backbone of DNA consist of...






4. Features of different species tat are similar in function but not necessarily in structure and in which the similarity is not the result of common ancestry






5. An episode of large - scale extinction affecting many different groups of organisms within a short period of time






6. The number of times an allele appears in a population






7. Process by which one species gives rise to two or more species






8. The movement of genes between populations as a result of mating of migration






9. The movement of individuals into an area






10. Messenger RNA; type of RNA that carries instructions from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome






11. Similar DNA sequences or protein structures (such as hemoglobin) may link different species to a similar ancestor.






12. Evolution of superficial phenotypic similarity of form as a result of similar selection pressures






13. shape of a DNA molecule formed when two twisted DNA strands are coiled into a springlike structure and held together by hydrogen bonds between the bases.






14. Natural disaster eliminates most of the population - members left contribute the alleles for the new population.






15. Any preserved remains of an organism from the past. Usually found in sedimentary rock.






16. Evolution resulting from small specific genetic changes that can lead to a new subspecies






17. Is any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome.






18. The region of the chromosome that holds the two sister chromatids together during mitosis






19. Form of reproductive isolation in which two populations reproduce at different times






20. Group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring






21. The comparison of the structures of different organisms






22. Selection for the ability to obtain a mate






23. Dna moves during electrophoresis because of...






24. Shows how the embryos of different groups resemble each other at particular stages. Similarities indicate groups may share a common ancestor






25. The formation of new species as a result of evolution






26. Change in allele frequencies as a result of the migration of a small subgroup of a population






27. A trait that masks the expression of another trait






28. An evolutionary 'branch' and its daughter 'twigs'






29. An organism that has characteristics resulting from chromosomal alteration. This is a result of crossing over of the chromosomes during Meiosis - mutations and random segregation.






30. Is a base found in DNA and RNA. This base pairs with Cytosine in DNA






31. The study of the past and present distribution of species.






32. A codon is made of...






33. The study relating the evolution of new charateristics to changes in the genes controlling development






34. Threadlike structure within the nucleus containing the genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next






35. What does DNA stand for...






36. Building block of a protein






37. Organ that serves no useful function in an organism






38. A taxon originating from and including a single common ancestor






39. Is a base found in DNA and RNA. In DNA its partner is Thymine. In RNA its partner is Uracil






40. Deoxyribonucleic acid carries the genetic code for the proper functioning of an organism. It is composed of 5 carbon sugar (deoxyribose) four bases Adenine - Thymine - Cytosine and Guanine. the sugar is bonded to a phosphate group. This forms a long






41. The study of the structures of different organisms - looking at homologous parts






42. Selection against one end of a range of variation - resulting in a progressive change in allele frequency






43. Which type of Rna functions as a blue print of the genetic code






44. A type of natural selection in which genetic diversity decreases as the population stabilises on a particular trait value






45. Are noncoding sequences in the gene that are removed from RNA after transcription






46. A genetic crosses that involve one trait. e.g TT plant crossed with tt plant has offspring who are heterozygous Tt.






47. Speciation which does not involve a period of geographical separation






48. Independent segregation of genes during the formation of gametes






49. Gradual evolution within a lineage






50. Process by which individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully; also called survival of the fittest







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