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CSET Genetics And Evolution
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Subjects
:
cset
,
science
,
genetics
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Movement of alleles into or out of a population due to the migration of individuals to or from the population
index fossil
Heritable variation
Centromere
Gene flow
2. The study of the past and present distribution of species.
Biogeography
deoxyribose and phosphate
Guanine
Chargaff
3. Three dimensional shape of organism made from a mold. May be created with plaster or over time with minerals.
Ring Species
Cast
Stabilising
Stasis
4. Reciprocal evolution in two species as a result of the selection pressure each imposes upon the other
Allele
Coevolution
Species
restriction enzymes - sticky ends
5. You mate the unknown genotype with an organism showing the recessive trait. If any of the offspring show the recessive trait - the original unknown parent was heterozygous. If no recessive trats show up - the original parent was homozygous.
Test Cross
Mechanical (morphological) Isolation
Allopatric Speciation
Evolution
6. The signal on a mRNA molecule that designates the end of the coding sequence is called the...
stop codon
polypeptide
Temporal Isolation
Analogous Features
7. Different alleles for a gene
geologic time scale
Heterozygote
Sequential Evolution
Homozygous
8. Evolutionary process in which a species or related species folllow different evolutionary paths to eventually become less related
Divergent Evolution
Stabilising selection
analogous (Evolution Evidence)
geologic time scale
9. Shows how the embryos of different groups resemble each other at particular stages. Similarities indicate groups may share a common ancestor
Comparative embryology
Test Cross
Artificial selection
RNA polymerase
10. Condition in which an organism has extra sets of chromosomes
Allele Frequency
Species
Polyploidy
RNA polymerase
11. A trait that masks the expression of another trait
Crossing over
Cast
deoxyribonucleic acid
Dominant
12. During transcription an RNA molecule is formed
Mendel's Principle of Segregation
Species
rRNA
that is complementary to a single strand of DNA
13. Inherited feature that tends to prevent species from interbreeding with other species
Isolating Mechanism
Allele Frequency
Clade
Ecological Barrier
14. Used radioactive sulfur and radioactive phosphorus to determine that DNA is the genetic material - by demonstrating that it is DNA that is injected by bacteriophages into bacterial cells during infection
Chromosome mutation
Codon
Hershey and Chase
Mitosis
15. The adaptive increase in pigmentation as a result of human - induced pollutants
Industrial Melanism
restriction enzymes - sticky ends
Balanced Polymorphism
Insertion
16. Structures in different but related species that are derived from the same ancestral structure but now serve different purposes.
Comparative Anatomy
Genetic Equilibrium
Homologous Structures
chromatin
17. Organisms with a similar underlying structure - but different function. Example: bird - bat and dolphin 'arm'. Shows a common ancestral link.
Homologous structures
clinC
molecular evidence
hydrogen bonds
18. Individual that is heterozygous for two traits; shows the phenotype governed by the dominant alleles but carries the recessive alleles
amino acids
Dihybrid
watson and crick
Extinction
19. Situation in which allele frequencies remain constant
Gametic
Isolating Mechanism
Testcross
Genetic Equilibrium
20. Another name for a gene
Allele
Common Ancestor
Adaptive Radiation
Paleozoic era
21. Determined the complete double helical structure of DNA
Gene frequency
Disruptive Selection
Microevolution
watson and crick
22. The capacity of an individual of certain genotype to reproduce. It is usually equal to the proportion of the individual's genes in all the genes of the next generation
body fossils
Adenine
Fitness
mRNA
23. Visual expression of a trait
Absolute dating
Crossing over
Phenotype
Mutation
24. A base found in DNA (but not in RNA). This base pairs with Adenine.
Histone
Selection pressure
that is complementary to a single strand of DNA
Thymine
25. A nucleotide of RNA is made of...
ribose - phosphate - and a base
Temporal Isolation
Sympatric Speciation
Bottle neck effect
26. It means chromosomes are paired. One of each chromosome in a pair originates from the father and one from the mother. They affect the same trait - but don't necessarily cause the same expression of the trait.
Rosalind Franklin
Homologous pair
anticodon
Selection
27. Natural selection that causes the frequency of a particular allele to move in one direction
Directional Selection
Comparative embryology
Deme
Convergent Evolution
28. Any agent that can cause a change in DNA
Clade
Dihybrid Cross
Selection
Mutagen
29. Geologic period that followed the Precambrian;means 'ancient life' - early life (570-286 million years ago); single cell organisms - shells - mollusks - rise of first vertebrates - rise of land plants - amphibians - insects - seed plants - and trees
its negative charge
restriction enzyme
Chiasma
Paleozoic era
30. The type of environment in which an organism or group normally lives or occurs
Geographical Isolation
Habitat
Deme
Genetic Drift
31. The region of the chromosome that holds the two sister chromatids together during mitosis
Natural Selection
Centromere
Gene flow
rRNA
32. Is a sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait. This is because the sequence of bases code for certain proteins.
Macroevolution
Homologous Structures
Gene
Temporal Isolation
33. Is found in DNA
Evolution
Allele Frequency
thymine
Gene Pool
34. Transcrition occurs in the...
nucleus
Adaptation
Disruptive Selection
Ice
35. Copying the code from DNA onto mRNA
transcription
Codon
Pentadactyl limb
Medel worked with _____
36. DNA is made of...
nucleotides
Recessive
Sedimentary Rock
analogous (Evolution Evidence)
37. Change to a chromosome in which part of the chromosome is repeated
genes
Duplication
Allele
Punnett Square
38. The individuals choice of which mate they will choose. The choice is dependant on what traits the individual finds attractive. e.g some people will want their mates to be smart or pretty.
Sedimentary Rock
Vestigial structure
Mendel's traits are now called _____ found on DNA
Mate Selection
39. Change of an organism over time. This can be caused by changes in in habitat or need to adapt for survival.
deoxyribonucleic acid
Niche
Evolution
Meiosis
40. Populations that can interbreed with neighboring populations but not with populations separated by larger geographical distances
Chiasma
Ring Species
Independent assortment
Guanine
41. A pairing where the parent plants differ in only one character.
Monohybrid Cross
Mutation
Balanced Polymorphism
Meiosis
42. Impression made from a organism in soft material such as sand or mud.
Niche
Population
Testcross
Mold
43. Selection acting against the extremes of a range of variation - resulting in resistance to change in allele frequencies
Gene mutation
Monohybrid
replication
Stabilising
44. Genes contain instructions for assembling
proteins
Extinction
deoxyribonucleic acid
Species
45. The banding pattern of a persons DNA after being cut and run on gel is called
DNA fingerprint
Somatic
Hybrid Infertility
Migration
46. The environmental factors that favour certain phenotypes
mRNA
Selection pressure
Mutation
Reproductive Isolation
47. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events
true
Haploid/Monoploid
Genetic Drift
Test Cross
48. The independant evolution of similar traits - starting from a similar ancestral condition
gel electrophoresis
Parallel Evolution
Monophyletic
Rosalind Franklin
49. The inherited characteristic often masked by the dominant characteristic and not seen in an organism. e.g. Tt plant will still be tall. Where T is the dominant trait for tall and t is the recessive trait for small.
Endemic
Recessive
Mesozoic era
deoxyribose and phosphate
50. Periods of rapid evolution punctuated by periods of little change
Punctuated Equilibrium
body fossils
Nucleotide
translation
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