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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Genetics And Evolution
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
,
genetics
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Term used to refer to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait. e.g TT is the homozygous genotype for Tall.
replication
Selection pressure
transcription
Homozygous
2. Type of sympatric speciation that occurs when a new species is formed because of a change in microhabitats
nucleotide
Codon
NIche Isolation
Phylogeny
3. The evolutionary process by which a species becomes better suited to its niche.
Petrification
Punnett Square
Adaptation
tRNA
4. Actual remains of an organism such as bones - teeth - shells - etc.
Founder Effect
body fossils
Stabilising selection
nucleus
5. The region of the chromosome that holds the two sister chromatids together during mitosis
Immigration
Centromere
nucleotides
Gene Flow
6. A process that results in an allele having a different probability of remaining in the gene pool compared with that of another allele
Selection
nucleus
Chiasma
Geologic Evolution
7. T or F A cloned organism has the same proteins as another organism
Alleles
Guanine
False genes
Mass Extinction
8. Type of rock made from small pieces of other rocks and organisms pressed together. Source of fossil preservation. Limited radioactive or absolute dating potential.
Directional Selection
Genetic Drift
Sedimentary Rock
Geographical Isolation
9. Proteins are made of...
Ecological (habitat) Isolation
Hybrid
amino acids
Heterozygote
10. A DNA double helix is held together in the center by between nitrogenous bases
polypeptide
Substitution
hydrogen bonds
Directional Selection
11. Chromosomes are collections of many
Natural Selection
Codon
genes
The cell uses information from mRNA to produce proteins
12. Innate trait; shared ancestry
Alleles
codon
Adaptation
homologous (Evolution Evidence)
13. Pea plants
Deme
Medel worked with _____
Analogous Structures (analogies)
Mesozoic era
14. When zygote does not complete development or is physically weaker than normal
The cell uses information from mRNA to produce proteins
Hybrid Inviability
Analogous Features
amino acids
15. Term used to refer to an organism that has two different alleles for the same trait. e.g Tt is the heterozygous genotype for Tall.
nucleotides
Codon
Genotype
Heterozygous
16. Nucleotides that control which amino acids are added during protein synthesis
Gene pool
Codon
Chromatid
Convergent Evolution
17. Evolution of living things - based on evidence from the past and present.
Founder effect
Organic Evolution
Mechanical (morphological) Isolation
amino acid
18. Populations that can interbreed with neighboring populations but not with populations separated by larger geographical distances
Homologous structures
Comparative embryology
Ring Species
index fossil
19. Organ no longer serves a function
NIche Isolation
Mass Extinction
Geographical Isolation
vestigial (Evolution Evidence)
20. You mate the unknown genotype with an organism showing the recessive trait. If any of the offspring show the recessive trait - the original unknown parent was heterozygous. If no recessive trats show up - the original parent was homozygous.
Balanced Polymorphism
its negative charge
Test Cross
Codon
21. Evolution of superficial phenotypic similarity of form as a result of similar selection pressures
Speciation
Industrial Melanism
Convergent Evolution
Stabilising
22. Evolution resulting from small specific genetic changes that can lead to a new subspecies
Vestigial organs
Microevolution
Allopatric Speciation
Mendel's traits are now called _____ found on DNA
23. A body cell
Somatic
Deme
Reproductive Isolation
Cytosine
24. An equilibrium in the occurence of two or more different froms within the same population usually caused by different allele combiinations of a gene
Balanced Polymorphism
Genetic Equilibrium
Punctuated Equilibrium
nucleotides
25. Describes a cell - nucleus - or organism that has only one set of unpaired chromosomes
Mass Extinction
Haploid/Monoploid
Mutation
Independent assortment
26. Are noncoding sequences in the gene that are removed from RNA after transcription
introns
Macroevolution
Reproductive Isolation
Deme
27. A process where the organisms that have traits that aid in its survival (adaptive traits) will reproduce to pass that trait to futher generations thus increasing the frequency of that trait in the population. Vice versa traits that reduce the chance
Bottleneck Effect
Natural Selection
Geographical Isolation
Mesozoic era
28. Uses metamorphic or igneous rock - calculates the age of an object by assessing the amount of radioactive element still present in the organism. Radioactive elements are slowly lost over time because of decay.
Duplication
Absolute dating
tRNA
Population
29. Natural selection that causes the frequency of a particular allele to move in one direction
Testcross
Directional Selection
cytoplasm
Species
30. How often a form of a gene appears in a gene pool
Crossing over
Allele Frequency
Homozygote
nucleus
31. An evolutionary 'branch' and its daughter 'twigs'
deoxyribonucleic acid
Clade
Molecular biology
Gene frequency
32. Selection against one end of a range of variation - resulting in a progressive change in allele frequency
Directional Selection
Chromosomes
Founder effect
The cell uses information from mRNA to produce proteins
33. T or F a codon consist of three nucleotides
transcription
restriction enzyme
true
Chargaff
34. Types of rocks formed after exposure to very high heat. Because of the high temperatures - fossils are not able to be recovered from these types of rocks. Absolute or radioactive dating is possible - however.
Recombination
Mate Selection
Mendel's traits are now called _____ found on DNA
Igneous and metamorphic rock
35. Structure present in an organism however does NOT have a known function. May link organisms with similar vestigial structures. Example: appendix - coccyx bone - whale leg bones.
Vestigial structure
Chromatid
The cell uses information from mRNA to produce proteins
Hershey and Chase
36. Transcrition occurs in the...
Phenotype
nucleus
Thymine
Variation
37. One of the identical rods of a chromosome.
Semi - conservative replication
Chromatid
Genetic Drift
Mendel's traits are now called _____ found on DNA
38. The final product of transcription is...
mRNA
nucleus
Evo Devo
mutation
39. Any preserved remains of an organism from the past. Usually found in sedimentary rock.
Heterozygote
Fossils
true
deoxyribose and phosphate
40. A mutation in which one nucleotide is replaced by another nucleotide
Genotype
replication
Substitution
translation
41. Separates DNA by size
Common Ancestor
gel electrophoresis
Igneous and metamorphic rock
geologic time scale
42. A type of natural selection in which genetic diversity decreases as the population stabilises on a particular trait value
Amber
Stabilising selection
Alleles
Molecular biology
43. The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events
Thymine
proteins
Genetic Drift
true
44. Messenger RNA; type of RNA that carries instructions from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome
trace fossils
Heterozygous
Microevolution
mRNA
45. Inherited feature that tends to prevent species from interbreeding with other species
Somatic
Isolating Mechanism
Heterozygous
Hybrid Breakdown
46. A base found in DNA (but not in RNA). This base pairs with Adenine.
true
Sexual Selection
Semi - conservative replication
Thymine
47. The number of times an allele appears in a population
Pre -zygotic Mechanisms
Heterozygote
Allele Frequency
Population
48. All the factors in an organism's surroundings that can potentially affect it
Locus
Recessive
Macroevolution
Environment
49. Condition in which an organism has extra sets of chromosomes
Allele Frequency
Dihybrid Cross
Polyploidy
Monophyletic
50. Method of replication that implies that each new strand of DNA is half original and half new
Semi - conservative replication
Gene flow
Stabilising
cytosine in DNA is about equal to the percentage of guanine molecules