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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Genetics And Evolution
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
,
genetics
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Describes the existence of a prezygotic reproductive barrier between two species as a result of them occupying or breeding in different habitats within the same general geographical area
Comparative Anatomy
Fossil
Mutagen
Ecological (habitat) Isolation
2. The capacity of an individual of certain genotype to reproduce. It is usually equal to the proportion of the individual's genes in all the genes of the next generation
nucleotides
Phylogeny
Fitness
Allopatric Speciation
3. Organism is preserved at very low temperatures. Preservation of both hard and soft parts can occur.
Common Ancestor
Homologous structures
Cenozoic era
Ice
4. Organisms with a similar underlying structure - but different function. Example: bird - bat and dolphin 'arm'. Shows a common ancestral link.
amino acids
Crossing over
Homologous structures
Allopatric Speciation
5. Similar embryological structures in different species - such as gill slits - may demonstrate that these species share a common ancestor.
Industrial Melanism
Hybrid Inviability
embryological evidence
Independent assortment
6. Even if the gametes of the two species meet - fertilization does not occur
molecular evidence
Gamete Isolation
Somatic
Comparative embryology
7. A unique combination of traits that are passed down from one generation to another.
replication
Heritable variation
Industrial Melanism
tRNA
8. The evolutionary process by which a species becomes better suited to its niche.
Adaptation
Hershey and Chase
deoxyribose and phosphate
The cell uses information from mRNA to produce proteins
9. The condition in which there is no change in allele frequencies from generation to generation (i.e. no evolution)
Diploid
deoxyribonucleic acid
Genetic Equilibrium
Punctuated Equilibrium
10. Structures in different but related species that are derived from the same ancestral structure but now serve different purposes.
Homologous Structures
Mesozoic era
cytoplasm
Centromere
11. Used x ray cyrstallography to create an image of DNA
Sex Chromosomes
Stabilising
Heterozygote
Rosalind Franklin
12. Physical characteristics of an organism based on its genotype. e.g. Plant that has a genotype of TT will have a phenotype of Tall.
Vestigial organs
Phenotype
Mesozoic era
Mutation
13. Any agent that can cause a change in DNA
Mate Selection
Mutagen
Translocation
rRNA
14. In the event of a sperm fertilizing an egg of another species - mechanisms that prevent result being fruitful
index fossil
Mass Extinction
Post -zygotic Mechanisms
Sub - species
15. The reduction of a population - typically by a natural disaster - such that the surviving population is no longer genetically representative of the original population.
Sympatric Speciation
Bottleneck Effect
Mechanical (morphological) Isolation
geologic time scale
16. Describes the isolation of a physical barrier e.g. body of water (ocean) or mountains
Homologous Structures
Alleles
Geographical Isolation
Comparative anatomy
17. Gradual evolution within a lineage
Sexual Selection
Directional Selection
restriction enzyme
Sequential Evolution
18. A small simple structure (as a fertilized egg) from which new tissue can develop into a complete organism. It is also a cell
Meiosis
Germ
Genome
Homozygote
19. A DNA double helix is held together in the center by between nitrogenous bases
codon
Immigration
hydrogen bonds
mutation
20. Structure present in an organism however does NOT have a known function. May link organisms with similar vestigial structures. Example: appendix - coccyx bone - whale leg bones.
Selection pressure
Habitat
Vestigial structure
mRNA
21. Selection for the ability to obtain a mate
that is complementary to a single strand of DNA
Test Cross
replication
Sexual Selection
22. Movement of organisms ro of from a population
trace fossils
Ice
Migration
Diploid
23. The enzyme that binds to the promoter region of a gene during transcription is called...
Mate Selection
Polyploidy
Hybrid Breakdown
RNA polymerase
24. A process that results in an allele having a different probability of remaining in the gene pool compared with that of another allele
Selection
ribose - phosphate - and a base
Gene Flow
body fossils
25. Transcrition occurs in the...
Test Cross
nucleus
Natural Selection
Substitution
26. It is the time from when the Earth formed and simple life - forms evolved (and it is the longest era)
Substitution
Precambrian era
Comparative embryology
Organic Evolution
27. How many codons are needed to specify three amino acids
Immigration
three
Fitness
Haploid/Monoploid
28. The individuals choice of which mate they will choose. The choice is dependant on what traits the individual finds attractive. e.g some people will want their mates to be smart or pretty.
Dihybrid
Nucleotide
Mate Selection
Sympatric Speciation
29. The inherited characteristic often masked by the dominant characteristic and not seen in an organism. e.g. Tt plant will still be tall. Where T is the dominant trait for tall and t is the recessive trait for small.
Recessive
Ecological (habitat) Isolation
Vestigial organs
mRNA
30. What happens during the process of translation
Dominant
The cell uses information from mRNA to produce proteins
mRNA
If you lose one then you will still have one to back you up.
31. Change of an organism over time. This can be caused by changes in in habitat or need to adapt for survival.
Codon
Mesozoic era
Evolution
Chiasma
32. Which structure contains anticodons
DNA
stop codon
Chargaff
tRNA
33. Gene
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34. Are noncoding sequences in the gene that are removed from RNA after transcription
Environment
Germ
introns
Test Cross
35. Process by which an organism is slowly turned to stone as the body is replaced by minerals.
Deme
Petrification
Disruptive Selection
Sub - species
36. Is a trait that is more expressed than another trait. Is written in capital letters for Genotype. E.g Tall genotype is TT or Tt where T is the allele for tall trait and t is the trait for small. T will be expressed more.
trace fossils
Hershey and Chase
Dominant
nucleotides
37. Translation occurs in the...
true
cytoplasm
Thymine
Gene
38. The region of the chromosome that holds the two sister chromatids together during mitosis
False genes
Centromere
Allele Frequency
Directional Selection
39. Predicts the possible outcome of a genetic cross.
true
nucleotide
Punnett Square
Hybrid Infertility
40. Any preserved remains of an organism from the past. Usually found in sedimentary rock.
translation
Sex Chromosomes
Fossils
molecular evidence
41. When a few individuals become isolated from a larger population - this smaller group may establish a new population whose gene pool is different from their source population.
Founder effect
Fossils
Homozygous
its negative charge
42. Any indirect evidence of life preserved as an impression in rock; trails - footprints - tracks - burrows - and bite marks
Hybrid
Mendel's traits are now called _____ found on DNA
tRNA
trace fossils
43. A nucleotide of RNA is made of...
watson and crick
Phyletic Gradualism (anagenesis)
Stabilising
ribose - phosphate - and a base
44. Form of reproductive isolation in which two populations reproduce at different times
Environment
Temporal Isolation
Double Helix
Haploid/Monoploid
45. Dna moves during electrophoresis because of...
Monohybrid Cross
true
deoxyribose and phosphate
its negative charge
46. The specific location of a gene on a chromosome
Locus
Disruptive Selection
Allele Frequency
Analogous structures
47. Another name for a gene
Selection
its negative charge
anticodon
Allele
48. process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis.
Cast
Crossing over
The cell uses information from mRNA to produce proteins
Analogous Features
49. The movement of genes between populations as a result of mating of migration
mRNA
its negative charge
mRNA
Gene Flow
50. All the factors in an organism's surroundings that can potentially affect it
Environment
Mesozoic era
Mendel's Principle of Segregation
mRNA