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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Genetics And Evolution
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
science
,
genetics
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Trait where heterozygous is a blending of two alleles
Locus
Dihybrid Cross
Genotype
Haploid/Monoploid
2. Individual that is heterozygous for two traits; shows the phenotype governed by the dominant alleles but carries the recessive alleles
Gene
embryological evidence
Locus
Dihybrid
3. A small simple structure (as a fertilized egg) from which new tissue can develop into a complete organism. It is also a cell
Bottle neck effect
Crossing over
Germ
Sub - species
4. Is found in DNA
Allele Frequency
Gene Pool
true
thymine
5. Type of rock made from small pieces of other rocks and organisms pressed together. Source of fossil preservation. Limited radioactive or absolute dating potential.
Hybrid Breakdown
Phyletic Gradualism (anagenesis)
Cast
Sedimentary Rock
6. Evolutionary process in which a species or related species folllow different evolutionary paths to eventually become less related
Divergent Evolution
cytoplasm
Genetic Drift
restriction enzyme
7. Building block of a protein
amino acid
Petrification
Homozygous
Recessive
8. Evolution of superficial phenotypic similarity of form as a result of similar selection pressures
Geologic Evolution
Convergent Evolution
Bottle neck effect
Punctuated Equilibrium
9. A group of organisms whose members are sufficiently alike to be able to reproduce and produce fertile offspring and who are unable to reproduce with other such groups
Recessive
Absolute dating
molecular evidence
Species
10. A codon is made of...
3 nucleotides
Autosomes
true
stop codon
11. The capacity of an individual of certain genotype to reproduce. It is usually equal to the proportion of the individual's genes in all the genes of the next generation
molecular evidence
Environment
Fitness
Sequential Evolution
12. A fossil known to have lived in a particular geologic age that can be used to date the rock layer in which it is found
index fossil
Paleozoic era
Ecological (habitat) Isolation
Hominid
13. Change in a DNA sequence that affects genetic information
Vestigial structure
Evo Devo
Mutation
genes
14. The inherited characteristic often masked by the dominant characteristic and not seen in an organism. e.g. Tt plant will still be tall. Where T is the dominant trait for tall and t is the recessive trait for small.
Recessive
Phenotype
hydrogen bonds
Genetic Equilibrium
15. Change in allele frequencies as a result of the migration of a small subgroup of a population
Founder Effect
Ecological (habitat) Isolation
Meiosis
Natural Selection
16. Process by which individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully; also called survival of the fittest
RNA polymerase
Mutation
Natural Selection
molecular evidence
17. Era of recent life that began about 66 million years ago and continues today; includes the first appearance Hominids
Cenozoic era
molecular evidence
Stasis
Thymine
18. T or F A cloned organism has the same proteins as another organism
Sedimentary Rock
Medel worked with _____
False genes
anticodon
19. The study relating the evolution of new charateristics to changes in the genes controlling development
tRNA
Adaptive Radiation
Evo Devo
homologous (Evolution Evidence)
20. Organisms with similar functions - but different underlying structure. Example: bird and insect wing. These structures do NOT show a common ancestral link.
Comparative Embryology
Pentadactyl limb
Analogous structures
Selection
21. Independent segregation of genes during the formation of gametes
Genetic Drift
Mass Extinction
Punctuated Equilibrium
Independent assortment
22. Natural selection that causes the frequency of a particular allele to move in one direction
Stabilising
Gene
Directional Selection
Heterozygous
23. Any preserved remains of an organism from the past. Usually found in sedimentary rock.
Diploid
Fossils
Directional Selection
Duplication
24. The sum total of an organism's requirements; its way of life
index fossil
Disruptive Selection
Niche
Coevolution
25. Features that are superficially similar but have different modes of development
RNA polymerase
Ecological (habitat) Isolation
Analogous Features
Molecular biology
26. Organ that serves no useful function in an organism
Geologic Evolution
true
Vestigial organs
Ice
27. Nucleotides that control which amino acids are added during protein synthesis
Homozygous
Codon
Mendel's traits are now called _____ found on DNA
Post -zygotic Mechanisms
28. Any agent that can cause a change in DNA
Mutagen
mRNA
Meiosis
nucleotide
29. Natural disaster eliminates most of the population - members left contribute the alleles for the new population.
Bottle neck effect
Deme
Fitness
Hybrid Inviability
30. Types of rocks formed after exposure to very high heat. Because of the high temperatures - fossils are not able to be recovered from these types of rocks. Absolute or radioactive dating is possible - however.
anticodon
geologic time scale
Igneous and metamorphic rock
proteins
31. One of the identical rods of a chromosome.
Centromere
Genetic Equilibrium
Character Displacement
Chromatid
32. Consists of all genes - including all the different alleles - that are present in a population
Heterozygote
nucleotide
Gene pool
codon
33. Is active during transcription
RNA polymerase
Heterozygous
Adaptation
trace fossils
34. Molecules that join together to form DNA and RNA. Monomers that make up a nucleic acid
Nucleotide
Locus
Vestigial organs
Autosomes
35. Threadlike structure within the nucleus containing the genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next
NIche Isolation
nucleus
Relative dating
Chromosomes
36. Actual remains of an organism such as bones - teeth - shells - etc.
Test Cross
body fossils
true
Endemic
37. Chromosomes are collections of many
Thymine
codon
genes
Allele Frequency
38. A group of organisms of the same species occupying a given area.
Population
true
Mitosis
Mass Extinction
39. A unique combination of traits that are passed down from one generation to another.
mRNA
Heritable variation
Directional Selection
Cytosine
40. Situation in which allele frequencies remain constant
Industrial Melanism
Genetic Equilibrium
polypeptide
three
41. When F1 is fully fertile but F2 has low fertility (rice - cotton)
Locus
Hybrid Breakdown
Ecological (habitat) Isolation
Bottleneck Effect
42. Populations that can interbreed with neighboring populations but not with populations separated by larger geographical distances
Ecological (habitat) Isolation
Paleozoic era
Migration
Ring Species
43. Gene
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44. Breeding organisms with specific traits in order to produce offspring with identical traits
chromatin
Germ
Insertion
Artificial selection
45. The evolutionary history/geneology of a group of organisms (a tree thingy)
Phylogeny
Heritable variation
Genome
replication
46. Trait evolves overtime; NO common ancestry
Selection
Hybrid Breakdown
Migration
analogous (Evolution Evidence)
47. Deoxyribonucleic acid carries the genetic code for the proper functioning of an organism. It is composed of 5 carbon sugar (deoxyribose) four bases Adenine - Thymine - Cytosine and Guanine. the sugar is bonded to a phosphate group. This forms a long
transcription
DNA
Microevolution
Meiosis
48. All the genes in a population. genes are added by reproduction and immigration and lost by death and emigration
Gene Pool
true
restriction enzymes - sticky ends
tRNA
49. A type of natural selection in which genetic diversity decreases as the population stabilises on a particular trait value
Sympatric Speciation
Nucleotide
Stabilising selection
Immigration
50. The final product of transcription is...
mRNA
Gene pool
analogous (Evolution Evidence)
Temporal Isolation