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CSET Genetics And Evolution
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Subjects
:
cset
,
science
,
genetics
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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1. Determined the concept of complementary base pairing
Codon
Adaptation
Organic Evolution
Chargaff
2. A change in the base sequence of DNA; the ultimate source of new alleles
Stabilising
Medel worked with _____
Mutation
Dihybrid Cross
3. All the genes in a population. genes are added by reproduction and immigration and lost by death and emigration
Variation
Temporal Isolation
Gene Pool
Cytosine
4. Even if the gametes of the two species meet - fertilization does not occur
mRNA
Gamete Isolation
Adaptation
Hybrid Inviability
5. Is the genetic makeup of an organism (TT or Tt) ; All the combinations of genes you have for a certain trait.
Genotype
Species
NIche Isolation
Directional Selection
6. A geographic gradient in the extent to which a character is developed in a species
Test Cross
Genetic Drift
Somatic
clinC
7. Periods of little adaptive change
Phyletic Gradualism (anagenesis)
Deme
Stasis
Comparative anatomy
8. Form of reproductive isolation in which tere are differences in species courtship behavior
Diploid
Behavioral (ethological) Isolation
Phyletic Gradualism (anagenesis)
Paleozoic era
9. Nucleotides that control which amino acids are added during protein synthesis
Codon
Allele Frequency
Nucleotide
trace fossils
10. Is a trait that is more expressed than another trait. Is written in capital letters for Genotype. E.g Tall genotype is TT or Tt where T is the allele for tall trait and t is the trait for small. T will be expressed more.
Dominant
Evo Devo
Dihybrid Cross
Codon
11. Geologic period that followed the Precambrian;means 'ancient life' - early life (570-286 million years ago); single cell organisms - shells - mollusks - rise of first vertebrates - rise of land plants - amphibians - insects - seed plants - and trees
Stabilising
Genetic Equilibrium
Paleozoic era
Testcross
12. The number of times an allele appears in a population
Recessive
Allele Frequency
Translocation
Disruptive Selection
13. One of the identical rods of a chromosome.
Chromatid
mutation
Homologous structures
Artificial selection
14. Process by which a ribosome uses the code on mRNA to make proteins
Molecular biology
Paleozoic era
translation
Gene flow
15. Three mRNA nucleotides that code for a specific amino acid
codon
Chromosome mutation
gel electrophoresis
Punnett Square
16. The inherited characteristic often masked by the dominant characteristic and not seen in an organism. e.g. Tt plant will still be tall. Where T is the dominant trait for tall and t is the recessive trait for small.
Habitat
Recessive
If you lose one then you will still have one to back you up.
Diploid
17. 2 alleles for a character separate during the formation of gametes - so that each gamete only carriers one allele for each character
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18. Heteros have a phenotype tintertmediate b/t phenotypes of the 2 homoz
Sexual Selection
Incomplete Dominance
Recombination
Organic Evolution
19. A unique combination of traits that are passed down from one generation to another.
Mendel's Principle of Segregation
Heritable variation
Nucleotide
geologic time scale
20. A nucleotide of RNA is made of...
cytoplasm
Insertion
vestigial (Evolution Evidence)
ribose - phosphate - and a base
21. Process by which an organism is slowly turned to stone as the body is replaced by minerals.
Population
Geologic Evolution
Petrification
stop codon
22. DNA is made of...
Homozygous
Cast
nucleotides
three
23. Change to a chromosome in which part of the chromosome is repeated
Heritable variation
Gamete Isolation
Duplication
Hominid
24. Separation of species or populations so that they cannot interbreed and produce fertile offspring
Dihybrid
Reproductive Isolation
Vestigial organs
gel electrophoresis
25. Ribosomal RNA; type of RNA that makes up part of the ribosome
rRNA
deoxyribonucleic acid
Chromosomes
Habitat
26. Form of reproductive isolation in which structural differences in the anatomy of reproductive organs prevent sperm transfer between individuals of different species
Monophyletic
RNA polymerase
Mechanical (morphological) Isolation
Gene Pool
27. Any indirect evidence of life preserved as an impression in rock; trails - footprints - tracks - burrows - and bite marks
Founder Effect
Chromosomes
trace fossils
genes
28. When F1 is fully fertile but F2 has low fertility (rice - cotton)
Autosomes
Hybrid Breakdown
watson and crick
Industrial Melanism
29. Building block of a protein
Genetic Equilibrium
codon
Punctuated Equilibrium
amino acid
30. Messenger RNA; type of RNA that carries instructions from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome
The cell uses information from mRNA to produce proteins
mRNA
vestigial (Evolution Evidence)
Character Displacement
31. Deoxyribonucleic acid carries the genetic code for the proper functioning of an organism. It is composed of 5 carbon sugar (deoxyribose) four bases Adenine - Thymine - Cytosine and Guanine. the sugar is bonded to a phosphate group. This forms a long
Evolution
DNA
cytoplasm
Monohybrid
32. Building block of a nucleic acid (DNA and RNA)
Semi - conservative replication
Analogous Features
Chromosome mutation
nucleotide
33. Any agent that can cause a change in DNA
Adaptive Radiation
Alleles
Mutagen
Petrification
34. Method of replication that implies that each new strand of DNA is half original and half new
genes
Semi - conservative replication
Mutation
Mutation
35. The evolutionary history/geneology of a group of organisms (a tree thingy)
tRNA
Coevolution
Phylogeny
nucleotides
36. The type of environment in which an organism or group normally lives or occurs
nucleus
Translocation
Habitat
Geographical Isolation
37. The backbone of DNA consist of...
nucleus
deoxyribose and phosphate
Dominant
Incomplete Dominance
38. Gene
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39. Trait where heterozygous is a blending of two alleles
Hybrid Inviability
body fossils
Mesozoic era
Genotype
40. The evolutionary process by which a species becomes better suited to its niche.
Adaptation
Duplication
Germ
Chargaff
41. A mutation in which one nucleotide is replaced by another nucleotide
Substitution
mRNA
False RNA
Sub - species
42. The reduction of a population - typically by a natural disaster - such that the surviving population is no longer genetically representative of the original population.
Rosalind Franklin
Genetic Equilibrium
Bottleneck Effect
Test Cross
43. Term used to refer to an organism that has two different alleles for the same trait. e.g Tt is the heterozygous genotype for Tall.
False genes
Heterozygous
that is complementary to a single strand of DNA
gel electrophoresis
44. Evolution of living things - based on evidence from the past and present.
Organic Evolution
Mendel's Principle of Segregation
Isolating Mechanism
tRNA
45. A population partially isolated from other populations of the same species
Comparative Anatomy
Behavioral (ethological) Isolation
introns
Deme
46. Is the evolutionary process whereby a population becomes better suited to its habitat
Genetic Drift
proteins
Adaptation
Stabilising
47. Inherited feature that tends to prevent species from interbreeding with other species
Fossils
Allele
NIche Isolation
Isolating Mechanism
48. Describes the existence of a prezygotic reproductive barrier between two species as a result of them occupying or breeding in different habitats within the same general geographical area
Sympatric Speciation
Mendel's Principle of Segregation
Ecological (habitat) Isolation
replication
49. Molecules that join together to form DNA and RNA. Monomers that make up a nucleic acid
codon
Nucleotide
Cenozoic era
restriction enzymes - sticky ends
50. The independant evolution of similar traits - starting from a similar ancestral condition
Heterozygote
Gene Flow
anticodon
Parallel Evolution
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