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CSET Genetics And Evolution

Subjects : cset, science, genetics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of the chromosome is removed






2. All the genes in a population. genes are added by reproduction and immigration and lost by death and emigration






3. Movement of organisms ro of from a population






4. Used radioactive sulfur and radioactive phosphorus to determine that DNA is the genetic material - by demonstrating that it is DNA that is injected by bacteriophages into bacterial cells during infection






5. Reciprocal evolution in two species as a result of the selection pressure each imposes upon the other






6. Pea plants






7. A change or error in the DNA sequence






8. An equilibrium in the occurence of two or more different froms within the same population usually caused by different allele combiinations of a gene






9. Any preserved remains of an organism from the past. Usually found in sedimentary rock.






10. 2 alleles for a character separate during the formation of gametes - so that each gamete only carriers one allele for each character

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11. A nucleotide of RNA is made of...






12. Gene

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13. Term used to refer to an organism that has two different alleles for the same trait. e.g Tt is the heterozygous genotype for Tall.






14. Nucleotides that control which amino acids are added during protein synthesis






15. The environmental factors that favour certain phenotypes






16. Geologic period that followed the Precambrian;means 'ancient life' - early life (570-286 million years ago); single cell organisms - shells - mollusks - rise of first vertebrates - rise of land plants - amphibians - insects - seed plants - and trees






17. Evolutionary process in which a species or related species folllow different evolutionary paths to eventually become less related






18. When a few individuals become isolated from a larger population - this smaller group may establish a new population whose gene pool is different from their source population.






19. The backbone of DNA consist of...






20. Organism is preserved at very low temperatures. Preservation of both hard and soft parts can occur.






21. Term used to refer to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait. e.g TT is the homozygous genotype for Tall.






22. The sum total of an organism's requirements; its way of life






23. Chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual. These are X for female and Y for male. The female egg is an X while the male sperm can be X or Y






24. T or F A cloned organism has the same proteins as another organism






25. A process where the organisms that have traits that aid in its survival (adaptive traits) will reproduce to pass that trait to futher generations thus increasing the frequency of that trait in the population. Vice versa traits that reduce the chance






26. A mutation in which one nucleotide is replaced by another nucleotide






27. A type of natural selection in which genetic diversity decreases as the population stabilises on a particular trait value






28. Predicts the possible outcome of a genetic cross.






29. Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of one chromosome attaches to a nonhomologous chromosome






30. The condition in which there is no change in allele frequencies from generation to generation (i.e. no evolution)






31. Change to a chromosome in which part of the chromosome is repeated






32. Determined the complete double helical structure of DNA






33. The number of times an allele appears in a population






34. Even if the gametes of the two species meet - fertilization does not occur






35. Shows how the embryos of different groups resemble each other at particular stages. Similarities indicate groups may share a common ancestor






36. process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis.






37. A limb with five digits (fingers)






38. The region of the chromosome that holds the two sister chromatids together during mitosis






39. A type of barrier between species; the species remain isolated because male and femal gametes of the different species cannot fuse - or they die before they unite.






40. A type of protein molecule found in the chromosomes of eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic cells






41. Change in a DNA sequence that affects genetic information






42. In the event of a sperm fertilizing an egg of another species - mechanisms that prevent result being fruitful






43. The final product of transcription is...






44. Threadlike structure within the nucleus containing the genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next






45. Describes the existence of a prezygotic reproductive barrier between two species as a result of them occupying or breeding in different habitats within the same general geographical area






46. Form of reproductive isolation in which structural differences in the anatomy of reproductive organs prevent sperm transfer between individuals of different species






47. Is the evolutionary process whereby a population becomes better suited to its habitat






48. Deoxyribonucleic acid carries the genetic code for the proper functioning of an organism. It is composed of 5 carbon sugar (deoxyribose) four bases Adenine - Thymine - Cytosine and Guanine. the sugar is bonded to a phosphate group. This forms a long






49. It is the time from when the Earth formed and simple life - forms evolved (and it is the longest era)






50. Features that are superficially similar but have different modes of development