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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2
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Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Sensorimotor movements manipulating objects in order to receive pleasure - Begins during infancy - Involves repetition of behavior/muscle movement - Can be engaged in throughout life
Behavior modification
Functional play
Pretend or Imaginative play
basis of temperament
2. Sternberg's theory that intelligence consists of analytical intelligence - creative intelligence - and practical intelligence
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
fat - sugar
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
3. Educational Implications of Language Development: Teachers must be aware that the process of language development is multifaceted - including...
Irreversibility
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
Anger - sadness
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
4. Allow them to work through whatever range of feelings they have
Language Development
Characteristics of neglect
How to help an abused child cope
John Watson
5. Vygotsky believed _____ is an essential aspect of cultural development and that _____ growth and language are _____ based
Reasoning
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
Transitive Inference
Language - cognitive - socially
6. A collective set of inborn traits that help to construct a child's approach to the world
Behavior modification
Temperament
Erikson stage one
Social Development
7. Tag - chase - wrestling - Begins about the end of early childhood - Most popular during middle childhood
Conceptual - learning process
Rough - and - Tumble
Scaffolding
Educational Implications of Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
8. Children actively construct their knowledge through society
Zone of proximal development
Characteristics of neglect
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
begining of imagination
9. Children mentally connect specific experiences whether or not there is a logical casual relationship
Transducive reasoning
Language - cognitive - socially
Bandura's beliefs
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
10. Child uses caregiver as secure base from which to explore environment - example - Child freely separates from parent to play
Secure Attachment
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
Zone of proximal development
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
11. Mood - generally - Environment - Activity - Threshold for reacting to stimulation
play - social - emotional
basis of temperament
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
Erikson stage five
12. The way children incorporate new information with existing schemes in order to form a new cognitive structure - fitting the new knowledge into a template of existing schemes
Influences on Development
Assimilation
Functional play
Cognitive Development
13. Children make errors in their thinking because they cannot understand that an operation moves in more than one direction
Erikson stage one
Irreversibility
play - social - emotional
Patterns of attachment
14. Refers to children believing that non - living objects have lifelike qualities
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
Animism
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
Preconventional
15. Varies greatly depending upon these factors: 1. The child 2. The experience 3. Its frequency 4. What is done about it
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16. Estimates indicate ___% of children in US follow all the dietary guidelines.
Moral Development or Morality
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
1
Goodness of fit
17. Difficulty paying attention - Easily distracted - Show hyperactivity - Become frustrated easily - Difficulty controlling muscle or motor activity (constantly moving) - Difficulty staying on task - succumbing to whatever attracts their attention - Sho
Anger - sadness
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
Moral Development or Morality
Growth and Development - Infancy
18. The purposeful process by which a person generates logical and coherent ideas - evaluates situations - and reaches conclusions.
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
Reasoning
Language Development
19. Transformation of symbols into make - believe play - Pretending helps to build a child's imagination - Imagination boundless at this time - Preschool years
Pretend or Imaginative play
Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory
Piaget's Contributions
Stage 2- Preoperational period
20. Easy (flexible) - Difficult (active or feisty) - Slow- to - warm - up (cautious)
Secure attachment
basic groups of temperament
1
Scaffolding
21. The tendency of the child to focus on only one piece of information at a time while disregarding all others
Centration
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
Goodness of fit
22. A successful childhood counseling treatment b/c it allows children to feel less threatened while working out conflicts and expressing their unresolved feelings
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Object permanence
Play therapy
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
23. 1. Teachers can use behavior modification in the classroom as a learning tool (altering the environment or situation to produce a more favorable outcome) 2. Teachers can reinforce positive behavior to produce subsequent desirable behaviors (e.g. - po
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Erikson stage three
Scaffolding
Zone of proximal development
24. Girls more fatty tissue than boys - Boys more muscle tissue - Height/weight about same - just distributed differently - Boys might tend to be slightly taller/heavier
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
Scaffolding
Constructive play
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
25. Children transform symbols into make believe play also pretending
fat - sugar
Pretend or Imaginative play
Characteristics of physical abuse
Goodness of fit
26. The temporary support system from a teacher or older peer to support the child until the task can be mastered alone
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
Operant conditioning
Patterns of attachment
Scaffolding
27. Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - ______________ are mandated reporters of child abuse
Audtory Perceptural Disability
When assessing a child
Teachers
Postconventional
28. Ages 13 to adult in which morality is judged by abstract principles rather than existing rules that govern society and looking into oneself - Involves working out a personal code of ethics. Allows for the possibility of noncompliance with society's r
Postconventional
fat - sugar
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
Characteristics of physical abuse
29. Identity vs. Identity Confusion (10-20 years - adolescence) - Finding out who they are - what they are all about - where they are going in life. - Confronted with new roles and adult statuses (vocational and romantic) - Identity confusion occurs when
Erikson stage five
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
Educational Implications of Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
30. Home environment influences much of a child's _____. Diets of minority families and socioeconomically deprived children are especially ____.
BMI (body mass index)
Ivan Pavlov
Diet - poor
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
31. 8 intelligences - intelligence and talent are two different things. Eight intelligences are linguistic - musical - logical - mathematical - spatial - bodily - kinesthetic - interpersonal - naturalistic - existential
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32. Tag - chasing - wrestling
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Rough and tumble play
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
Games with rules play
33. Good way to evaluate child's body fat is to review their...
3 essential elements of scaffolding
BMI (body mass index)
When assessing a child
Moral Development or Morality
34. Refers to the match between a child's temperament and environmental demands the child must deal with
Categories of Abuse
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Cognitive Development
Goodness of fit
35. 1. Child is physically injured by other than accidental means 2. child is subjected to willful cruelty or unjustifiable punishment 3. child is abused or exploited sexually 4. child is neglected by a parent or caretaker who fails to provide adequate f
Bandura's beliefs
State of equilibrium
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
Characteristics of physical abuse
36. Developed with Physical structures to produce sounds - cognitive structures to produce thought process - and social structures to experience language through learning and practicing.
Audtory Perceptural Disability
Scaffolding
Language Development
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
37. Formulating a specific hypothesis from any given general theory - what might be
Erikson stage one
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
Self - efficacy
How to help an abused child cope
38. Ages 4 to 10 in which children obey because they're parents tell them to and fear consequences - Kohlberg's stage of moral development in which rewards and punishments dominate moral thinking
BMI (body mass index)
Anxious resistant attachment
Pretend or Imaginative play
Preconventional
39. 12: girls taller/boys weigh more - 13/14: boys taller & weigh more - 18: boys 4' taller 20 lbs heavier - Acceleration large motor physical strength in boys - Clumsy initially -- fast growth arms/legs - Quickly acquire ease of movement
Language Development
Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development
Seriation
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
40. Often during elementary school - Have rules - are competitive - pleasurable - Preschool games more about taking turns - Replace around age 12 by practice play and organized sports - Can be engaged in throughout life
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
Scaffolding
Preconventional
Games with Rules
41. The distance between a child's actual performance and a child's potential performance
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
Zone of proximal development
Accomodation
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
42. The child uses words and images to form mental representations to remember objects without being physically present
Audtory Perceptural Disability
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
Play therapy
Symbolic function substage
43. Preconventional - conventional - postconventional
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44. ndustry vs. Inferiority (6 years - puberty) - Mastering knowledge and intellectual skills - enthusiastic about learning - imagination - Inferiority if feelings of incompetence and unproductiveness arise. If inferiority out weights industry - low self
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
Mixed temperaments
Audtory Perceptural Disability
Erikson stage four
45. Children respond automatically since they have formed an association between a stimulus and the response
Classical conditioning
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Educational Implications of Moral Development
Transitive Inference
46. Think about thinking occurs in the concrete operations period - a child;s awareness of knowing about one's own knowledge
Postconventional
Metacognition
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
Object permanence
47. A conceptual tool that allows a child to recognize that when altering the appearance of an object the basic properties do not change
Effect of play
Conservation
Growth and Development - Adolescence
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
48. Miscarriage - Low birth weight - Poor respiratory functioning
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
Postconventional
When assessing a child
49. The infant uses the caregiver as the secure base to explore the environment
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
Secure attachment
Erikson stage four
Transducive reasoning
50. 1. Use of mediators for learning - A connection/intermediary between the child and that which is to be learned - E.g. - an adult or older child 2. Emphasis of language and shared activity for learning 3. Shared activity
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
Temperament
3 essential elements of scaffolding
Play therapy