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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2
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Subjects
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cset
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teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Development is motivated by the search for a stable balance toward effective adaptations
Constructive play
Growth and Development - Adolescence
Equilibrium
Symbolic function substage
2. Recognition that objects and events continue to exist even when they are not visible
Inductive reasoning
Stage 4- Formal operations period
Object permanence
Centration
3. Girls more fatty tissue than boys - Boys more muscle tissue - Height/weight about same - just distributed differently - Boys might tend to be slightly taller/heavier
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
Functional play
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
Accomodation
4. 1. Provides an alternative to behavior theorists' belief that children are merely passive learners. Children actively move through operational stages.
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5. Preconventional - conventional - postconventional
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6. 1. Functional 2. Constructive 3. Pretend or Imaginative 4. Rough - and - Tumble 5. Games with Rules
types of play
Animism
Play therapy
Gardner's Multiple Intelligence
7. Formation of: body parts - major organs
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Postconventional
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
8. 8 intelligences - intelligence and talent are two different things. Eight intelligences are linguistic - musical - logical - mathematical - spatial - bodily - kinesthetic - interpersonal - naturalistic - existential
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9. Piaget suggested that a child's mind seeks a ________________. At each stage - children form a new way to operate and adapt to the world.
Secure Attachment
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
State of equilibrium
10. Drawing conclusions from specific examples to make a general conclusion - even when the conclusion is not accurate
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
Inductive reasoning
Functional play
Behavior modification
11. 1. Teachers can use behavior modification in the classroom as a learning tool (altering the environment or situation to produce a more favorable outcome) 2. Teachers can reinforce positive behavior to produce subsequent desirable behaviors (e.g. - po
John Watson
B.F. Skinner
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
12. According to the Individuals with disabilities Act or IDEA all children with disabilities are guaranteed a free - appropriate publec education.
Casual Reasoning
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
begining of imagination
13. Condition of significantly sub - average intelligence combined with deficiencies in adaptive behavior; implies an inability to perform at least some of the ordinary tasks of daily living skills; IQ of 0-70 in categories of mild - moderate - severe -
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
Kohlberg's three stages of moral development
Mental Retardation
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
14. Be consistent and write down predictable outlines - schedules - and deadlines - Demonstrate and model appropriate behavior - giving positive reinforcement - Talk slowly - making eye contact when possible - and keep conversations brief - Keep peripher
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
Anxious avoidant attachment
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
15. Children in the US consume excess ____ and ____.
Centration
Teachers
fat - sugar
Kohlberg's three stages of moral development
16. The 4th of Piaget's periods: beginning from 11 years. Form of intelligence in which higher level mental operations make possible logical reasoning with respect to abstract and hypothetical events and not merely concrete objects. Hypothetical Deductiv
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
Erikson stage four
Assimilation
Stage 4- Formal operations period
17. Easy (flexible) - Difficult (active or feisty) - Slow- to - warm - up (cautious)
Secure attachment
basic groups of temperament
Casual Reasoning
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
18. At about 18 months
Functional play
begining of imagination
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - IQ Test
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
19. Collective set of inborn traits help to construct a child's approach to the world
Temperament
Erikson stage five
Effect of play
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
20. Allow them to work through whatever range of feelings they have
Growth and Development - Infancy
John Watson
How to help an abused child cope
Equilibrium
21. WISC. IQ test designed for school - age children. Test assesses potential in many areas - including vocabulary - knowledge - memory - spatial comprehension
Mixed temperaments
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - IQ Test
22. Children observe adult repeatedly punching & knocking down inflated doll - Later - children imitated aggressive behavior in classroom
Bobo doll experiment
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
Child's cognitive ability
23. The tendency of the child to focus on only one piece of information at a time while disregarding all others
How to help an abused child cope
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Centration
Value of shared activity?
24. 2-6 years old - Much of baby fat disappears as arms/legs grow longer - Pot belly disappears - internal organs no longer growing faster than body cavity - Decrease in weight is attributed to - walking - fatty tissues start growing at slower rate
Casual Reasoning
Categories of Abuse
Metacognition
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
25. Strongly improves child's problem - solving abilities - E.g. reading buddies
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
Value of shared activity?
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
Erikson stage one
26. Children are not equipped: physically - emotionally - socially - compared to adult caregivers
Metacognition
Anger - sadness
Why teachers must familiar with signs and symptoms of child abuse
How to help an abused child cope
27. 12: girls taller/boys weigh more - 13/14: boys taller & weigh more - 18: boys 4' taller 20 lbs heavier - Acceleration large motor physical strength in boys - Clumsy initially -- fast growth arms/legs - Quickly acquire ease of movement
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - IQ Test
Reasoning
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development
28. A collective set of inborn traits that help to construct a child's approach to the world
Temperament
Egocentrism
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
play - social - emotional
29. Allow the student to sit behind others so that the student won't disturb others - and teach the student to tap his pencil on a sleeve or leg instead of the table
John Watson
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Functional play
30. Lack of parenting skills - Economic stressors - Lack of education - Repetition of generational family abuse
Some causes of child maltreatment
Rough - and - Tumble
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
Erikson stage four
31. Environmental agents that can cause abnormalities in a fetus - Prevent or modify normal cell division - Danger - thus - greatest during embryonic stage (2-8 weeks)
Value of shared activity?
Goodness of fit
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
32. Estimates indicate ___% of children in US follow all the dietary guidelines.
1
Intelligence
Anxious avoidant attachment
Erikson stage five
33. Formulating a specific hypothesis from any given general theory - what might be
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
Erikson stage two
Ivan Pavlov
34. Difficulty paying attention - Easily distracted - Show hyperactivity - Become frustrated easily - Difficulty controlling muscle or motor activity (constantly moving) - Difficulty staying on task - succumbing to whatever attracts their attention - Sho
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
Play therapy
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
Characteristics of sexual abuse
35. Personality develops through a series of conflicts that are influenced by society. Eight Stages of age specific crisis we pass through in order to create an equilibrium between our self and society. Turning Points.
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36. Hard of Hearing. Appear lost or confused.
Growth and Development - Adolescence
Audtory Perceptural Disability
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
37. Mood - generally - Environment - Activity - Threshold for reacting to stimulation
B.F. Skinner
basis of temperament
Scaffolding
Temperament
38. Match between a child's temperament and environment or demands on child - Ex: quiet child in boisterous family - Ex: active child in scholarly family >
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
Goodness of fit
Classical conditioning
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
39. Much of what we know about how children think feel and respond to the world come from him. His theory states that children predictable and orderly stages of cognitive development and at each stage they form a new way to operate and adapt to the world
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40. Infant shows - Insecurity - Signs of being disoriented
Play therapy
Anxious avoidant attachment
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
How to help an abused child cope
41. Varies greatly depending upon these factors: 1. The child 2. The experience 3. Its frequency 4. What is done about it
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42. By understanding Piaget's stages of cognitive development - teachers can avoid presenting material in the classroom that is beyond the...
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43. The infant uses the caregiver as the secure base to explore the environment
Growth and Development - Infancy
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
Dyslexia
Secure attachment
44. By 10-12 girls/boys same height/weight - Vast differences gross fine motor skills - Boys' leg/arm muscle coordination stronger - Run faster; jump - catch - throw - kick farther - Girls: stronger fine motor skills - More coordinated hand - manipulatio
Social Development
Scaffolding
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
basic groups of temperament
45. Secure attachment is fundamental to a child's ability to emotionally and biologically self - regulate
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
Reasoning
Characteristics of neglect
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
46. 1. Use of mediators for learning - A connection/intermediary between the child and that which is to be learned - E.g. - an adult or older child 2. Emphasis of language and shared activity for learning 3. Shared activity
3 essential elements of scaffolding
Scaffolding
basis of temperament
Bobo doll experiment
47. 1. Secure Attachment 2. Anxious - Resistant Attachment 3. Anxious - Avoidant Attachment 4. Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
Patterns of attachment
Growth and Development - Infancy
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
48. Middle childhood - 7 to 11 years - mastery of conservation the child begins to think logically - (7-11 yrs) Children understand conservation - less egocentrism - understand hierarchal classification - can focus on multiple aspects at a time. Children
Piaget's Contributions
Rough and tumble play
Rough - and - Tumble
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
49. Transformation of symbols into make - believe play - Pretending helps to build a child's imagination - Imagination boundless at this time - Preschool years
Egocentrism
Bandura's beliefs
Anxious avoidant attachment
Pretend or Imaginative play
50. 1. Teachers must recognize that children internalize what is right and wrong based upon their basic values and sense of self. 2. Teachers must recognize the sequential foundation upon which higher moral principles are based. 3. Teachers must recogniz
Zone of proximal development
Educational Implications of Moral Development
Teachers
3 essential elements of scaffolding
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