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CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2

Subjects : cset, teaching
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Come from both heredity and environment. Many typical changes during childhood are related to maturation. Individual differences tend to increase with age






2. Much of what we know about how children think feel and respond to the world come from him. His theory states that children predictable and orderly stages of cognitive development and at each stage they form a new way to operate and adapt to the world

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3. Young children cannot differentiate between their own perspectives and feelings and someone elses






4. Toddlers and preschoolers use objects to make something






5. Play is a social activity children engage in just for...






6. At about 18 months






7. Child uses caregiver as secure base from which to explore environment - example - Child freely separates from parent to play






8. Language development; disagreed with Skinner about language acquisition - stated there is an infinite # of sentences in a language - humans have an inborn native ability to develop language






9. Match between a child's temperament and environment or demands on child - Ex: quiet child in boisterous family - Ex: active child in scholarly family >






10. 12-18 years old - Puberty - Growth spurts and concomitant clumsiness






11. The distance between a child's actual performance and a child's potential performance






12. The purposeful process by which a person generates logical and coherent ideas - evaluates situations - and reaches conclusions.






13. Children imitate behavior through: socialization - by learning gender roles - by self - reinforcement - by self - efficacy - and - via other aspects of personality

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14. Mental structure in which childrens knowledge is ordered into






15. 1. release physical energy 2. gain mastery over their bodies 3. acquire new motor skills 4. form better relationships among peers 5. try out new social rules 6. advance cognitive development 7. practice and explore new competencies






16. Occurs when children take existing schemes and adjust them to fit their experience piano/keyboard






17. Initiative vs. Guilt (3-5 years - preschool years) - - As challenges occur - initiative is needed for purposeful behavior - responsibility for body - behavior - toys - pets - etc...The child may feel like anything he does may dissappoint people aroun






18. Infant shows - Insecurity - Signs of being disoriented






19. Vygotsky believed _____ is an essential aspect of cultural development and that _____ growth and language are _____ based






20. Infancy - Birth to 2 years - infants physical response to the immediate surroundings - Infants learn of their environments through sensation and movement. Egocentrism - infants are the center of their universe.






21. Formation of: body parts - major organs






22. Birth defects - Premature birth - Low birth weight - Neurological disturbances - High startle rate - Learning disabilities - Slowed motor development






23. 1. Functional 2. Constructive 3. Pretend or Imaginative 4. Rough - and - Tumble 5. Games with Rules






24. The way children incorporate new information with existing schemes in order to form a new cognitive structure - fitting the new knowledge into a template of existing schemes






25. 1. Teachers must recognize that children internalize what is right and wrong based upon their basic values and sense of self. 2. Teachers must recognize the sequential foundation upon which higher moral principles are based. 3. Teachers must recogniz






26. Difficulty paying attention - Easily distracted - Show hyperactivity - Become frustrated easily - Difficulty controlling muscle or motor activity (constantly moving) - Difficulty staying on task - succumbing to whatever attracts their attention - Sho






27. Children observe adult repeatedly punching & knocking down inflated doll - Later - children imitated aggressive behavior in classroom






28. Boys/girls about same weight/height - Girls growing only slightly slower than boys






29. Age - inappropriate sexual behavior or knowledge - Difficulty walking or sitting - Sudden onset of wetting or inflicted self - harm






30. Stresses importance of advancing learning via observing & modeling the: behaviors - attitudes - emotional reactions of others

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31. Recognition that objects and events continue to exist even when they are not visible






32. Condition of significantly sub - average intelligence combined with deficiencies in adaptive behavior; implies an inability to perform at least some of the ordinary tasks of daily living skills; IQ of 0-70 in categories of mild - moderate - severe -






33. Secure attachment is fundamental to a child's ability to emotionally and biologically self - regulate






34. Hard of Hearing. Appear lost or confused.






35. Piaget suggested that a child's mind seeks a ________________. At each stage - children form a new way to operate and adapt to the world.






36. Child readily separates from parent - Actively avoids parent upon reunion






37. Temperament traits are _____ in development of _____ and way a child shows _____ responses.






38. Type of play begins during infancy with sensorimotor movements manipulating objects on order to receive pleasure






39. A collective set of inborn traits that help to construct a child's approach to the world






40. Sensorimotor movements manipulating objects in order to receive pleasure - Begins during infancy - Involves repetition of behavior/muscle movement - Can be engaged in throughout life






41. The temporary support system from a teacher or older peer to support the child until the task can be mastered alone






42. The infant shows insecurity and signs of being disoriented






43. Transformations in a child's thought - language - and intelligence. Theories: 1. Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development 2. Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Development 3. Multi - theoretical perspectives of language - intelligence - and children with spe






44. Behaviorism; emphasis on external behaviors of people and their reactions on a given situation; famous for Little Albert study in which baby was taught to fear a white rat






45. By 10-12 girls/boys same height/weight - Vast differences gross fine motor skills - Boys' leg/arm muscle coordination stronger - Run faster; jump - catch - throw - kick farther - Girls: stronger fine motor skills - More coordinated hand - manipulatio






46. ____ theorists agree that ____ activities serve a valuable function in the development of important ____ and ____ skills in children.






47. 12: girls taller/boys weigh more - 13/14: boys taller & weigh more - 18: boys 4' taller 20 lbs heavier - Acceleration large motor physical strength in boys - Clumsy initially -- fast growth arms/legs - Quickly acquire ease of movement






48. Ages 10 -13 in which children are more concerned about the opinions of their peers. Second level of Kohlberg's stages of moral development in which the child's behavior is governed by conforming to the society's norms of behavior






49. Girls more fatty tissue than boys - Boys more muscle tissue - Height/weight about same - just distributed differently - Boys might tend to be slightly taller/heavier






50. Children transform symbols into make believe play also pretending