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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 2-6 years old - Much of baby fat disappears as arms/legs grow longer - Pot belly disappears - internal organs no longer growing faster than body cavity - Decrease in weight is attributed to - walking - fatty tissues start growing at slower rate
Perceptual Motor Disability
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
Pretend or Imaginative play
Animism
2. Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - ______________ are mandated reporters of child abuse
Teachers
Object permanence
Self - efficacy
Mental Retardation
3. Tag - chasing - wrestling
When assessing a child
Rough and tumble play
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
BMI (body mass index)
4. The infant becomes anxious before the caregiver leaves and is upset during their absence
Effect of play
Anxious resistant attachment
BMI (body mass index)
Postconventional
5. The infant shows insecurity and signs of being disoriented
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Effect of play
Disorganized disoriented attachment
6. Easy (flexible) - Difficult (active or feisty) - Slow- to - warm - up (cautious)
Rough and tumble play
Moral Development or Morality
basic groups of temperament
John Watson
7. Personality develops through a series of conflicts that are influenced by society. Eight Stages of age specific crisis we pass through in order to create an equilibrium between our self and society. Turning Points.
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8. Mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience - solve problems - and use knowledge to adapt to new situations Traditional IQ - Gardners's Multiple Intelligence and Sternberg's Triarchic Theory of Intelligence.
Intelligence
Erikson stage five
Pretend or Imaginative play
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
9. Birth defects - Premature birth - Low birth weight - Neurological disturbances - High startle rate - Learning disabilities - Slowed motor development
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
Moral Development or Morality
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
10. Children with a perceptual - motor disability have difficult with coordination and may often appear clumsy or disoriented - Sometimes their hands are in constant motion and may get in the way of their activity
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
Metacognition
Perceptual Motor Disability
11. Through repetition (and based upon the child's experience) - learning is predictable - Teachers can help children be successful by making their world more orderly and predictable - Teachers will recognize that a child's learned experiences can accou
types of play
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
Child's cognitive ability
Erikson stage four
12. Sternberg's theory that intelligence consists of analytical intelligence - creative intelligence - and practical intelligence
Growth and Development - Infancy
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
Educational Implications of Moral Development
Metacognition
13. Type of play begins during infancy with sensorimotor movements manipulating objects on order to receive pleasure
How to help an abused child cope
Play therapy
Functional play
Gardner's Multiple Intelligence
14. Belief in the ability to do things on one's own
Growth and Development - Infancy
Self - efficacy
Growth and Development - Adolescence
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
15. 1. Provides an alternative to behavior theorists' belief that children are merely passive learners. Children actively move through operational stages.
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16. Trust vs. Mistrust - infancy to 1st year - Physical comfort - minimal fear and low apprehension about the future. Sets stage for life long expectation that world is good. The absence of trust can result in eaving the infant feeeling suspicious - guar
Pretend or Imaginative play
Erikson stage one
Self - efficacy
Child's cognitive ability
17. Condition of significantly sub - average intelligence combined with deficiencies in adaptive behavior; implies an inability to perform at least some of the ordinary tasks of daily living skills; IQ of 0-70 in categories of mild - moderate - severe -
Erikson stage two
Erikson stage four
Mental Retardation
basic groups of temperament
18. Good way to evaluate child's body fat is to review their...
B.F. Skinner
Stage 2- Preoperational period
BMI (body mass index)
Casual Reasoning
19. Refers to children believing that non - living objects have lifelike qualities
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
Characteristics of neglect
Animism
Pretend or Imaginative play
20. Recognition that objects and events continue to exist even when they are not visible
Object permanence
Mixed temperaments
begining of imagination
Behavior modification
21. 12-18 years old - Puberty - Growth spurts and concomitant clumsiness
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
Cognitive
Growth and Development - Adolescence
Postconventional
22. Environmental agents that can cause abnormalities in a fetus - Prevent or modify normal cell division - Danger - thus - greatest during embryonic stage (2-8 weeks)
1
Temperament
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Pretend or Imaginative play
23. The infant uses the caregiver as the secure base to explore the environment
Secure attachment
Play therapy
Rough - and - Tumble
Cognitive Development
24. Children are not equipped: physically - emotionally - socially - compared to adult caregivers
Piaget's Contributions
Stage 2- Preoperational period
Why teachers must familiar with signs and symptoms of child abuse
Stage 4- Formal operations period
25. Middle childhood - 7 to 11 years - mastery of conservation the child begins to think logically - (7-11 yrs) Children understand conservation - less egocentrism - understand hierarchal classification - can focus on multiple aspects at a time. Children
Accomodation
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
3 essential elements of scaffolding
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
26. 1. Secure Attachment 2. Anxious - Resistant Attachment 3. Anxious - Avoidant Attachment 4. Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Language Development
Constructive play
Patterns of attachment
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
27. Toddlers and preschoolers use objects to make something
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Casual Reasoning
Constructive play
Secure attachment
28. Children actively construct their knowledge through society
Erikson stage two
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
Disorganized disoriented attachment
29. Mental retardation via FAS - FAS: Fetal Alcohol Syndrome - Low birth weight - Unusual facial characteristics
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
Some causes of child maltreatment
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
30. Remember Zone of Proximal Development - what can they do on their own - what can they do with help
When assessing a child
Pretend or Imaginative play
Assimilation
Intelligence
31. 1. Use of mediators for learning - A connection/intermediary between the child and that which is to be learned - E.g. - an adult or older child 2. Emphasis of language and shared activity for learning 3. Shared activity
3 essential elements of scaffolding
Centration
Schemas
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
32. Transformation of symbols into make - believe play - Pretending helps to build a child's imagination - Imagination boundless at this time - Preschool years
Stage 2- Preoperational period
How to help an abused child cope
Pretend or Imaginative play
Reasoning
33. Children make errors in their thinking because they cannot understand that an operation moves in more than one direction
Irreversibility
Value of shared activity?
Secure attachment
fat - sugar
34. The distance between a child's actual performance and a child's potential performance
BMI (body mass index)
Categories of Abuse
Functional play
Zone of proximal development
35. 8 intelligences - intelligence and talent are two different things. Eight intelligences are linguistic - musical - logical - mathematical - spatial - bodily - kinesthetic - interpersonal - naturalistic - existential
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36. Sensorimotor movements manipulating objects in order to receive pleasure - Begins during infancy - Involves repetition of behavior/muscle movement - Can be engaged in throughout life
Self - efficacy
Mixed temperaments
Functional play
How to help an abused child cope
37. Temperament traits are _____ in development of _____ and way a child shows _____ responses.
Bobo doll experiment
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
Influential - personality - emotional
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
38. Think about thinking occurs in the concrete operations period - a child;s awareness of knowing about one's own knowledge
Preconventional
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - IQ Test
Metacognition
Zone of proximal development
39. By understanding Piaget's stages of cognitive development - teachers can avoid presenting material in the classroom that is beyond the...
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40. Poor hygiene - E.g. - soiled clothes - dirty hair - body odor - Poor nutrition - E.g. - excessive hunger - weight loss
Characteristics of neglect
Why teachers must familiar with signs and symptoms of child abuse
Constructive play
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
41. Vygotsky - Every function in a child's cultural development appears twice -- when?
Behavior modification
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Disorganized disoriented attachment
basis of temperament
42. Age - inappropriate sexual behavior or knowledge - Difficulty walking or sitting - Sudden onset of wetting or inflicted self - harm
Erikson stage five
Conventional
Characteristics of sexual abuse
Animism
43. Estimates indicate ___% of children in US follow all the dietary guidelines.
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
1
Erikson stage one
Dyslexia
44. Varies greatly depending upon these factors: 1. The child 2. The experience 3. Its frequency 4. What is done about it
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45. Children in the US consume excess ____ and ____.
Some causes of child maltreatment
Anxious resistant attachment
fat - sugar
Growth and Development - Adolescence
46. The temporary support system from a teacher or older peer to support the child until the task can be mastered alone
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
basis of temperament
Scaffolding
Its own sake
47. A collective set of inborn traits that help to construct a child's approach to the world
3 essential elements of scaffolding
Preconventional
Temperament
Language - cognitive - socially
48. Be consistent and write down predictable outlines - schedules - and deadlines - Demonstrate and model appropriate behavior - giving positive reinforcement - Talk slowly - making eye contact when possible - and keep conversations brief - Keep peripher
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
Value of shared activity?
Rough and tumble play
49. Development is motivated by the search for a stable balance toward effective adaptations
Some causes of child maltreatment
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
Equilibrium
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
50. Often during elementary school - Have rules - are competitive - pleasurable - Preschool games more about taking turns - Replace around age 12 by practice play and organized sports - Can be engaged in throughout life
Games with Rules
Constructive play
Zone of proximal development
Conceptual - learning process