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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2
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Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Boys/girls about same weight/height - Girls growing only slightly slower than boys
types of play
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - IQ Test
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
2. This is the ability of a child to arrange objects in logical progression
Postconventional
Pretend or Imaginative play
Rough - and - Tumble
Seriation
3. Considerable interest in - Struggle with eating disorders possible
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
Child's cognitive ability
Temperament
Educational Implications of Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
4. Easy (flexible) - Difficult (active or feisty) - Slow- to - warm - up (cautious)
Conventional
Growth and Development - Infancy
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
basic groups of temperament
5. Estimates indicate ___% of children in US follow all the dietary guidelines.
1
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
Constructive play
play - social - emotional
6. 2-6 years old - Much of baby fat disappears as arms/legs grow longer - Pot belly disappears - internal organs no longer growing faster than body cavity - Decrease in weight is attributed to - walking - fatty tissues start growing at slower rate
Erikson stage one
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
Rough and tumble play
7. Identity vs. Identity Confusion (10-20 years - adolescence) - Finding out who they are - what they are all about - where they are going in life. - Confronted with new roles and adult statuses (vocational and romantic) - Identity confusion occurs when
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
Erikson stage five
Postconventional
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
8. Involves a given set of rules and declines around age 12 usually replaced with organized sports
Piaget's Contributions
Anxious avoidant attachment
Games with rules play
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
9. Children with a perceptual - motor disability have difficult with coordination and may often appear clumsy or disoriented - Sometimes their hands are in constant motion and may get in the way of their activity
Perceptual Motor Disability
Irreversibility
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
Rough and tumble play
10. Piaget quantified the __________________ - suggesting that there are predictable and orderly developmental accomplishments. Children can be tested at each stage to verify their level of cognitive understanding.
Stage 4- Formal operations period
Child's cognitive ability
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
Conceptual - learning process
11. 1. release physical energy 2. gain mastery over their bodies 3. acquire new motor skills 4. form better relationships among peers 5. try out new social rules 6. advance cognitive development 7. practice and explore new competencies
Educational Implications of Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
Effect of play
Inductive reasoning
Cognitive Development
12. Ages 10 -13 in which children are more concerned about the opinions of their peers. Second level of Kohlberg's stages of moral development in which the child's behavior is governed by conforming to the society's norms of behavior
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
Disorganized disoriented attachment
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
Conventional
13. Children make errors in their thinking because they cannot understand that an operation moves in more than one direction
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
Pretend or Imaginative play
Moral Development or Morality
Irreversibility
14. Early childhood - 2 to 7 years - Egocentric focus on symbolic thought and imagination - This stage lasts from about two to seven years of age. During this stage - children get better at symbolic thought - but they can't yet reason. According to Piage
Child's reaction to abuse
Zone of proximal development
Secure Attachment
Stage 2- Preoperational period
15. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning through the salvation of dogs on the ringing of a bell.
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Anxious avoidant attachment
BMI (body mass index)
Ivan Pavlov
16. Match between a child's temperament and environment or demands on child - Ex: quiet child in boisterous family - Ex: active child in scholarly family >
Goodness of fit
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
Stage 2- Preoperational period
Mental Retardation
17. Collective set of inborn traits help to construct a child's approach to the world
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
Temperament
Egocentrism
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - IQ Test
18. Modern descendent of the first successful intelligence test that measures general intelligence and four factors verbal reasoning - quantitative reasoning - spatial reasoning - and short - term memory.
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
Growth and Development - Adolescence
Rough and tumble play
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
19. Remember Zone of Proximal Development - what can they do on their own - what can they do with help
Erikson stage three
When assessing a child
B.F. Skinner
Symbolic function substage
20. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. he is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a
Scaffolding
Language - cognitive - socially
B.F. Skinner
basic groups of temperament
21. Children imitate behavior through: socialization - by learning gender roles - by self - reinforcement - by self - efficacy - and - via other aspects of personality
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22. Child becomes upset when caregiver leaves - is upset during absence
Influences on Development
Egocentrism
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
23. Much of what we know about how children think feel and respond to the world come from him. His theory states that children predictable and orderly stages of cognitive development and at each stage they form a new way to operate and adapt to the world
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24. By understanding Piaget's stages of cognitive development - teachers can avoid presenting material in the classroom that is beyond the...
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25. 1. Use of mediators for learning - A connection/intermediary between the child and that which is to be learned - E.g. - an adult or older child 2. Emphasis of language and shared activity for learning 3. Shared activity
Erikson stage two
3 essential elements of scaffolding
When assessing a child
Assimilation
26. Sensorimotor movements manipulating objects in order to receive pleasure - Begins during infancy - Involves repetition of behavior/muscle movement - Can be engaged in throughout life
Functional play
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
Conventional
Characteristics of physical abuse
27. Play is a social activity children engage in just for...
Educational Implications of Moral Development
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
Its own sake
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
28. Difficulty paying attention - Easily distracted - Show hyperactivity - Become frustrated easily - Difficulty controlling muscle or motor activity (constantly moving) - Difficulty staying on task - succumbing to whatever attracts their attention - Sho
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
Erikson stage two
Constructive play
Stage 2- Preoperational period
29. 1. Secure Attachment 2. Anxious - Resistant Attachment 3. Anxious - Avoidant Attachment 4. Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Value of shared activity?
How to help an abused child cope
Patterns of attachment
Educational Implications of Moral Development
30. Lack of parenting skills - Economic stressors - Lack of education - Repetition of generational family abuse
Some causes of child maltreatment
Irreversibility
Constructive play
3 essential elements of scaffolding
31. By 10-12 girls/boys same height/weight - Vast differences gross fine motor skills - Boys' leg/arm muscle coordination stronger - Run faster; jump - catch - throw - kick farther - Girls: stronger fine motor skills - More coordinated hand - manipulatio
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Language - cognitive - socially
Preconventional
Anxious avoidant attachment
32. 7-11 years old - Many children grow about 2'/year
Influences on Development
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
Bobo doll experiment
Inductive reasoning
33. 1. Functional 2. Constructive 3. Pretend or Imaginative 4. Rough - and - Tumble 5. Games with Rules
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Behavior modification
types of play
Constructive play
34. Infancy - Birth to 2 years - infants physical response to the immediate surroundings - Infants learn of their environments through sensation and movement. Egocentrism - infants are the center of their universe.
Diet - poor
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
Pretend or Imaginative play
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
35. Developed with Physical structures to produce sounds - cognitive structures to produce thought process - and social structures to experience language through learning and practicing.
Language Development
types of play
Social Development
How to help an abused child cope
36. Using objects to make something - Combines sensorimotor movements and creation/construction of something - Toddlers & preschoolers
Child's reaction to abuse
Constructive play
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
Rough and tumble play
37. Allow the student to sit behind others so that the student won't disturb others - and teach the student to tap his pencil on a sleeve or leg instead of the table
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
Perceptual Motor Disability
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
38. Belief in the ability to do things on one's own
Some causes of child maltreatment
Schemas
basic groups of temperament
Self - efficacy
39. Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - ______________ are mandated reporters of child abuse
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
Teachers
Assimilation
How to help an abused child cope
40. Think about thinking occurs in the concrete operations period - a child;s awareness of knowing about one's own knowledge
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
B.F. Skinner
State of equilibrium
Metacognition
41. Infant shows - Insecurity - Signs of being disoriented
Classical conditioning
Constructive play
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
fat - sugar
42. Girls more fatty tissue than boys - Boys more muscle tissue - Height/weight about same - just distributed differently - Boys might tend to be slightly taller/heavier
Influential - personality - emotional
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
Language - cognitive - socially
Ivan Pavlov
43. The tendency of the child to focus on only one piece of information at a time while disregarding all others
Erikson stage one
Centration
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
Conservation
44. A successful childhood counseling treatment b/c it allows children to feel less threatened while working out conflicts and expressing their unresolved feelings
John Watson
Classical conditioning
Play therapy
Transitive Inference
45. 1. Provides an alternative to behavior theorists' belief that children are merely passive learners. Children actively move through operational stages.
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46. Most children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) show symptoms of both inattention and hyperactivity - but there are some children who are inattentive and do not show signs of hyperactivity; these children have Attention Deficit Dis
Symbolic function substage
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
Goodness of fit
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
47. 1. Teachers can use behavior modification in the classroom as a learning tool (altering the environment or situation to produce a more favorable outcome) 2. Teachers can reinforce positive behavior to produce subsequent desirable behaviors (e.g. - po
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
How to help an abused child cope
Value of shared activity?
48. Refers to the match between a child's temperament and environmental demands the child must deal with
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
Goodness of fit
Constructive play
49. 12: girls taller/boys weigh more - 13/14: boys taller & weigh more - 18: boys 4' taller 20 lbs heavier - Acceleration large motor physical strength in boys - Clumsy initially -- fast growth arms/legs - Quickly acquire ease of movement
Educational Implications of Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
Animism
BMI (body mass index)
50. Ages 4 to 10 in which children obey because they're parents tell them to and fear consequences - Kohlberg's stage of moral development in which rewards and punishments dominate moral thinking
Child's cognitive ability
Diet - poor
Preconventional
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment