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CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2
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teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Ages 13 to adult in which morality is judged by abstract principles rather than existing rules that govern society and looking into oneself - Involves working out a personal code of ethics. Allows for the possibility of noncompliance with society's r
Functional play
Postconventional
Intelligence
Effect of play
2. Infant shows - Insecurity - Signs of being disoriented
Accomodation
Effect of play
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Metacognition
3. Preconventional - conventional - postconventional
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4. Formulating a specific hypothesis from any given general theory - what might be
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
Influential - personality - emotional
Gardner's Multiple Intelligence
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
5. Involves a given set of rules and declines around age 12 usually replaced with organized sports
Functional play
Games with rules play
Social Development
Pretend or Imaginative play
6. Much of what we know about how children think feel and respond to the world come from him. His theory states that children predictable and orderly stages of cognitive development and at each stage they form a new way to operate and adapt to the world
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7. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning through the salvation of dogs on the ringing of a bell.
Seriation
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
Ivan Pavlov
8. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. he is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a
State of equilibrium
Inductive reasoning
basic groups of temperament
B.F. Skinner
9. Mental structure in which childrens knowledge is ordered into
Transducive reasoning
Constructive play
Schemas
Dyslexia
10. Miscarriage - Low birth weight - Poor respiratory functioning
Transducive reasoning
Piaget's Contributions
Seriation
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
11. The infant readily separates from the caregiver and actively avoids the parent upon return
Centration
Object permanence
Anxious avoidant attachment
Stage 2- Preoperational period
12. By understanding Piaget's stages of cognitive development - teachers can avoid presenting material in the classroom that is beyond the...
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13. Mental retardation via FAS - FAS: Fetal Alcohol Syndrome - Low birth weight - Unusual facial characteristics
fat - sugar
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
Scaffolding
14. 8 intelligences - intelligence and talent are two different things. Eight intelligences are linguistic - musical - logical - mathematical - spatial - bodily - kinesthetic - interpersonal - naturalistic - existential
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15. Belief in the ability to do things on one's own
Self - efficacy
Characteristics of sexual abuse
Constructive play
Object permanence
16. Collective set of inborn traits help to construct a child's approach to the world
Classical conditioning
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
Temperament
17. 1. release physical energy 2. gain mastery over their bodies 3. acquire new motor skills 4. form better relationships among peers 5. try out new social rules 6. advance cognitive development 7. practice and explore new competencies
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
Piaget's Contributions
Child's reaction to abuse
Effect of play
18. Play is a social activity children engage in just for...
Noam Chomsky
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
Its own sake
Constructive play
19. Birth defects - Premature birth - Low birth weight - Neurological disturbances - High startle rate - Learning disabilities - Slowed motor development
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
Object permanence
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
20. Language development; disagreed with Skinner about language acquisition - stated there is an infinite # of sentences in a language - humans have an inborn native ability to develop language
Noam Chomsky
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
Assimilation
Why teachers must familiar with signs and symptoms of child abuse
21. Alcohol - Nicotine - Drugs
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Why teachers must familiar with signs and symptoms of child abuse
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
22. Tag - chase - wrestling - Begins about the end of early childhood - Most popular during middle childhood
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
Metacognition
Rough - and - Tumble
Rough and tumble play
23. Children transform symbols into make believe play also pretending
Pretend or Imaginative play
Irreversibility
Educational Implications of Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
24. Children learn from operating in the environment
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
Operant conditioning
Transitive Inference
Social Development
25. Altering the environment or situation to produce a more favorable outcome
Behavior modification
Zone of proximal development
Language Development
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
26. A successful childhood counseling treatment b/c it allows children to feel less threatened while working out conflicts and expressing their unresolved feelings
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
Play therapy
Assimilation
27. Vygotsky believed _____ is an essential aspect of cultural development and that _____ growth and language are _____ based
begining of imagination
Language - cognitive - socially
Gardner's Multiple Intelligence
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
28. Good way to evaluate child's body fat is to review their...
Centration
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
BMI (body mass index)
29. 1. Teachers can use behavior modification in the classroom as a learning tool (altering the environment or situation to produce a more favorable outcome) 2. Teachers can reinforce positive behavior to produce subsequent desirable behaviors (e.g. - po
Language - cognitive - socially
Erikson stage five
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
30. Transformation of symbols into make - believe play - Pretending helps to build a child's imagination - Imagination boundless at this time - Preschool years
Pretend or Imaginative play
Anxious resistant attachment
Temperament
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
31. Secure attachment is fundamental to a child's ability to emotionally and biologically self - regulate
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
Scaffolding
basis of temperament
When assessing a child
32. Home environment influences much of a child's _____. Diets of minority families and socioeconomically deprived children are especially ____.
Diet - poor
Equilibrium
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
Zone of proximal development
33. The distance between a child's actual performance and a child's potential performance
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
Zone of proximal development
1
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
34. Sensorimotor movements manipulating objects in order to receive pleasure - Begins during infancy - Involves repetition of behavior/muscle movement - Can be engaged in throughout life
Mixed temperaments
Patterns of attachment
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
Functional play
35. Refers to the match between a child's temperament and environmental demands the child must deal with
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
Secure Attachment
1
Goodness of fit
36. Drawing conclusions from specific examples to make a general conclusion - even when the conclusion is not accurate
Secure attachment
Inductive reasoning
State of equilibrium
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
37. 1. Provides an alternative to behavior theorists' belief that children are merely passive learners. Children actively move through operational stages.
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38. Recognition that objects and events continue to exist even when they are not visible
Reasoning
Object permanence
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - IQ Test
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
39. Toddlers and preschoolers use objects to make something
Constructive play
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
basic groups of temperament
BMI (body mass index)
40. Children mentally connect specific experiences whether or not there is a logical casual relationship
Anxious avoidant attachment
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
Transducive reasoning
Language - cognitive - socially
41. Transformations in a child's thought - language - and intelligence. Theories: 1. Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development 2. Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Development 3. Multi - theoretical perspectives of language - intelligence - and children with spe
Cognitive Development
Anger - sadness
Goodness of fit
Mixed temperaments
42. By 10-12 girls/boys same height/weight - Vast differences gross fine motor skills - Boys' leg/arm muscle coordination stronger - Run faster; jump - catch - throw - kick farther - Girls: stronger fine motor skills - More coordinated hand - manipulatio
Characteristics of neglect
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
43. Lack of parenting skills - Economic stressors - Lack of education - Repetition of generational family abuse
Constructive play
Some causes of child maltreatment
Characteristics of physical abuse
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
44. Infancy - Birth to 2 years - infants physical response to the immediate surroundings - Infants learn of their environments through sensation and movement. Egocentrism - infants are the center of their universe.
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Transducive reasoning
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
45. The purposeful process by which a person generates logical and coherent ideas - evaluates situations - and reaches conclusions.
Characteristics of sexual abuse
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Reasoning
Constructive play
46. Children in the US consume excess ____ and ____.
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
fat - sugar
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - IQ Test
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
47. Educational Implications of Language Development: Teachers must be aware that the process of language development is multifaceted - including...
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
Bobo doll experiment
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
48. Through repetition (and based upon the child's experience) - learning is predictable - Teachers can help children be successful by making their world more orderly and predictable - Teachers will recognize that a child's learned experiences can accou
Characteristics of neglect
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory
Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development
49. The child uses words and images to form mental representations to remember objects without being physically present
When assessing a child
Educational Implications of Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
Symbolic function substage
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
50. At about 18 months
Functional play
Child's reaction to abuse
Its own sake
begining of imagination
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