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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Transformation of symbols into make - believe play - Pretending helps to build a child's imagination - Imagination boundless at this time - Preschool years
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Pretend or Imaginative play
Dyslexia
How to help an abused child cope
2. Estimates indicate ___% of children in US follow all the dietary guidelines.
Centration
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
1
basic groups of temperament
3. The distance between a child's actual performance and a child's potential performance
Metacognition
Goodness of fit
Zone of proximal development
basis of temperament
4. Condition of significantly sub - average intelligence combined with deficiencies in adaptive behavior; implies an inability to perform at least some of the ordinary tasks of daily living skills; IQ of 0-70 in categories of mild - moderate - severe -
Dyslexia
Mental Retardation
Preconventional
Metacognition
5. Children observe adult repeatedly punching & knocking down inflated doll - Later - children imitated aggressive behavior in classroom
Rough - and - Tumble
Bobo doll experiment
Piaget's Contributions
Educational Implications of Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
6. Match between a child's temperament and environment or demands on child - Ex: quiet child in boisterous family - Ex: active child in scholarly family >
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
Goodness of fit
play - social - emotional
7. Children in the US consume excess ____ and ____.
fat - sugar
Rough and tumble play
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
Intelligence
8. Bruises - Sores - Burns & Child's vague or reluctant response about where they originated
Mental Retardation
Scaffolding
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
Characteristics of physical abuse
9. Transformations in a child's thought - language - and intelligence. Theories: 1. Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development 2. Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Development 3. Multi - theoretical perspectives of language - intelligence - and children with spe
Conceptual - learning process
Cognitive Development
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Language Development
10. The infant readily separates from the caregiver and actively avoids the parent upon return
Secure Attachment
basic groups of temperament
Anxious avoidant attachment
Growth and Development - Infancy
11. Middle childhood - 7 to 11 years - mastery of conservation the child begins to think logically - (7-11 yrs) Children understand conservation - less egocentrism - understand hierarchal classification - can focus on multiple aspects at a time. Children
Symbolic function substage
Value of shared activity?
Stage 4- Formal operations period
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
12. The purposeful process by which a person generates logical and coherent ideas - evaluates situations - and reaches conclusions.
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
Reasoning
Intelligence
Symbolic function substage
13. Sensorimotor - preoperational - concrete operations - formal operations
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14. 12: girls taller/boys weigh more - 13/14: boys taller & weigh more - 18: boys 4' taller 20 lbs heavier - Acceleration large motor physical strength in boys - Clumsy initially -- fast growth arms/legs - Quickly acquire ease of movement
Erikson stage two
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
Play therapy
Diet - poor
15. Involves a given set of rules and declines around age 12 usually replaced with organized sports
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
BMI (body mass index)
Games with rules play
Irreversibility
16. Initiative vs. Guilt (3-5 years - preschool years) - - As challenges occur - initiative is needed for purposeful behavior - responsibility for body - behavior - toys - pets - etc...The child may feel like anything he does may dissappoint people aroun
Teachers
Stage 2- Preoperational period
Scaffolding
Erikson stage three
17. Home environment influences much of a child's _____. Diets of minority families and socioeconomically deprived children are especially ____.
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
Diet - poor
B.F. Skinner
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
18. 1. Provides an alternative to behavior theorists' belief that children are merely passive learners. Children actively move through operational stages.
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19. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. he is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a
Goodness of fit
Language Development
B.F. Skinner
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
20. Children imitate behavior through: socialization - by learning gender roles - by self - reinforcement - by self - efficacy - and - via other aspects of personality
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21. 8 intelligences - intelligence and talent are two different things. Eight intelligences are linguistic - musical - logical - mathematical - spatial - bodily - kinesthetic - interpersonal - naturalistic - existential
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22. 2-6 years old - Much of baby fat disappears as arms/legs grow longer - Pot belly disappears - internal organs no longer growing faster than body cavity - Decrease in weight is attributed to - walking - fatty tissues start growing at slower rate
Categories of Abuse
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
Conceptual - learning process
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
23. Stresses importance of advancing learning via observing & modeling the: behaviors - attitudes - emotional reactions of others
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24. Young children cannot differentiate between their own perspectives and feelings and someone elses
Egocentrism
fat - sugar
Kohlberg's three stages of moral development
Behavior modification
25. Children transform symbols into make believe play also pretending
Pretend or Imaginative play
Goodness of fit
Reasoning
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
26. By 10-12 girls/boys same height/weight - Vast differences gross fine motor skills - Boys' leg/arm muscle coordination stronger - Run faster; jump - catch - throw - kick farther - Girls: stronger fine motor skills - More coordinated hand - manipulatio
Object permanence
Effect of play
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Pretend or Imaginative play
27. Drawing conclusions from specific examples to make a general conclusion - even when the conclusion is not accurate
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
Transducive reasoning
Inductive reasoning
28. ndustry vs. Inferiority (6 years - puberty) - Mastering knowledge and intellectual skills - enthusiastic about learning - imagination - Inferiority if feelings of incompetence and unproductiveness arise. If inferiority out weights industry - low self
Erikson stage four
Stage 2- Preoperational period
Mixed temperaments
Preconventional
29. The way children incorporate new information with existing schemes in order to form a new cognitive structure - fitting the new knowledge into a template of existing schemes
Kohlberg's three stages of moral development
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
Transitive Inference
Assimilation
30. 1. Teachers can use behavior modification in the classroom as a learning tool (altering the environment or situation to produce a more favorable outcome) 2. Teachers can reinforce positive behavior to produce subsequent desirable behaviors (e.g. - po
Goodness of fit
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Transitive Inference
Behavior modification
31. Developed with Physical structures to produce sounds - cognitive structures to produce thought process - and social structures to experience language through learning and practicing.
Piaget's Contributions
Language Development
Stage 4- Formal operations period
Influences on Development
32. Type of play begins during infancy with sensorimotor movements manipulating objects on order to receive pleasure
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
Casual Reasoning
Functional play
33. Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - ______________ are mandated reporters of child abuse
Preconventional
Teachers
Value of shared activity?
Conventional
34. Birth defects - Premature birth - Low birth weight - Neurological disturbances - High startle rate - Learning disabilities - Slowed motor development
Postconventional
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
35. Personality develops through a series of conflicts that are influenced by society. Eight Stages of age specific crisis we pass through in order to create an equilibrium between our self and society. Turning Points.
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36. Occurs when children take existing schemes and adjust them to fit their experience piano/keyboard
Accomodation
play - social - emotional
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - IQ Test
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
37. Secure attachment is fundamental to a child's ability to emotionally and biologically self - regulate
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
Piaget's Contributions
38. Ages 4 to 10 in which children obey because they're parents tell them to and fear consequences - Kohlberg's stage of moral development in which rewards and punishments dominate moral thinking
Why teachers must familiar with signs and symptoms of child abuse
Child's cognitive ability
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
Preconventional
39. Belief in the ability to do things on one's own
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
Self - efficacy
Audtory Perceptural Disability
Cognitive
40. A collective set of inborn traits that help to construct a child's approach to the world
Temperament
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
Conservation
41. 2 most common feelings a child presents surrounding abuse
Ivan Pavlov
Anger - sadness
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Diet - poor
42. A conceptual tool that allows a child to recognize that when altering the appearance of an object the basic properties do not change
Conservation
Anxious avoidant attachment
Patterns of attachment
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
43. 1. Secure Attachment 2. Anxious - Resistant Attachment 3. Anxious - Avoidant Attachment 4. Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Patterns of attachment
Audtory Perceptural Disability
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
44. Trust vs. Mistrust - infancy to 1st year - Physical comfort - minimal fear and low apprehension about the future. Sets stage for life long expectation that world is good. The absence of trust can result in eaving the infant feeeling suspicious - guar
Functional play
basis of temperament
Erikson stage one
Patterns of attachment
45. Most children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) show symptoms of both inattention and hyperactivity - but there are some children who are inattentive and do not show signs of hyperactivity; these children have Attention Deficit Dis
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
Categories of Abuse
Noam Chomsky
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
46. Temporary support system to support child until task can be mastered alone
Scaffolding
Piaget's Contributions
Pretend or Imaginative play
Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development
47. Behaviorism; emphasis on external behaviors of people and their reactions on a given situation; famous for Little Albert study in which baby was taught to fear a white rat
Accomodation
Bandura's beliefs
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
John Watson
48. Vygotsky - Every function in a child's cultural development appears twice -- when?
Value of shared activity?
Ivan Pavlov
Stage 4- Formal operations period
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
49. 1. Child is physically injured by other than accidental means 2. child is subjected to willful cruelty or unjustifiable punishment 3. child is abused or exploited sexually 4. child is neglected by a parent or caretaker who fails to provide adequate f
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
Transducive reasoning
Transitive Inference
Piaget's Contributions
50. Mother's age - Birth complications for younger & older mothers - Mother's nutrition
Equilibrium
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development