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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2
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cset
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teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Based on what can be observed and learned through experience in the child's environment. Learning behavior theories: Ivan Pavlov's and John Watson's classical conditioning B.F. Skinner's operant conditioning. Social theories in understanding child de
Erikson stage five
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
Transducive reasoning
Social Development
2. Mental retardation via FAS - FAS: Fetal Alcohol Syndrome - Low birth weight - Unusual facial characteristics
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
Games with rules play
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
3. The way children incorporate new information with existing schemes in order to form a new cognitive structure - fitting the new knowledge into a template of existing schemes
types of play
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
Assimilation
Piaget's Contributions
4. Vygotsky believed _____ is an essential aspect of cultural development and that _____ growth and language are _____ based
Language - cognitive - socially
When assessing a child
Intelligence
Gardner's Multiple Intelligence
5. Preconventional - conventional - postconventional
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6. Children observe adult repeatedly punching & knocking down inflated doll - Later - children imitated aggressive behavior in classroom
Constructive play
BMI (body mass index)
Bobo doll experiment
1
7. Children who don't fall into an easy/difficult/cautious category have...
Mixed temperaments
Conventional
Self - efficacy
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
8. Most children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) show symptoms of both inattention and hyperactivity - but there are some children who are inattentive and do not show signs of hyperactivity; these children have Attention Deficit Dis
Child's cognitive ability
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
Characteristics of physical abuse
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
9. The infant shows insecurity and signs of being disoriented
basis of temperament
Disorganized disoriented attachment
Cognitive
Egocentrism
10. Recognition that objects and events continue to exist even when they are not visible
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
Object permanence
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
11. Boys/girls about same weight/height - Girls growing only slightly slower than boys
Operant conditioning
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Erikson stage four
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
12. Through repetition (and based upon the child's experience) - learning is predictable - Teachers can help children be successful by making their world more orderly and predictable - Teachers will recognize that a child's learned experiences can accou
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Disorganized disoriented attachment
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
Self - efficacy
13. Temperament traits are _____ in development of _____ and way a child shows _____ responses.
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
Influential - personality - emotional
Play therapy
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
14. Easy (flexible) - Difficult (active or feisty) - Slow- to - warm - up (cautious)
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
types of play
basic groups of temperament
Object permanence
15. Miscarriage - Low birth weight - Poor respiratory functioning
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
Its own sake
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
How to help an abused child cope
16. Toddlers and preschoolers use objects to make something
Anger - sadness
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
Patterns of attachment
Constructive play
17. Children transform symbols into make believe play also pretending
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Growth and Development - Infancy
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
Pretend or Imaginative play
18. Formation of: body parts - major organs
Animism
Growth and Development - Infancy
Child's reaction to abuse
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
19. The child uses words and images to form mental representations to remember objects without being physically present
Symbolic function substage
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
Value of shared activity?
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
20. Allow them to work through whatever range of feelings they have
basis of temperament
Mental Retardation
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
How to help an abused child cope
21. The tendency of the child to focus on only one piece of information at a time while disregarding all others
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
Mixed temperaments
Centration
Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory
22. Children believe that their thoughts can cause actions whether or not the experiences have a casual relationship - when I move the clouds move - god moves - sun moves - wind currents move
Casual Reasoning
Goodness of fit
Temperament
types of play
23. 12-18 years old - Puberty - Growth spurts and concomitant clumsiness
Conventional
Audtory Perceptural Disability
Growth and Development - Adolescence
Scaffolding
24. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. he is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Educational Implications of Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
B.F. Skinner
25. Middle childhood - 7 to 11 years - mastery of conservation the child begins to think logically - (7-11 yrs) Children understand conservation - less egocentrism - understand hierarchal classification - can focus on multiple aspects at a time. Children
Self - efficacy
Metacognition
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
Constructive play
26. Modern descendent of the first successful intelligence test that measures general intelligence and four factors verbal reasoning - quantitative reasoning - spatial reasoning - and short - term memory.
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
Influences on Development
Centration
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
27. The distance between a child's actual performance and a child's potential performance
Schemas
Zone of proximal development
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
28. Altering the environment or situation to produce a more favorable outcome
Behavior modification
Goodness of fit
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
Secure attachment
29. Refers to children believing that non - living objects have lifelike qualities
Animism
Anxious resistant attachment
Functional play
State of equilibrium
30. According to the Individuals with disabilities Act or IDEA all children with disabilities are guaranteed a free - appropriate publec education.
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
Perceptual Motor Disability
Schemas
Erikson stage five
31. The temporary support system from a teacher or older peer to support the child until the task can be mastered alone
Anxious resistant attachment
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
Scaffolding
Inductive reasoning
32. Trust vs. Mistrust - infancy to 1st year - Physical comfort - minimal fear and low apprehension about the future. Sets stage for life long expectation that world is good. The absence of trust can result in eaving the infant feeeling suspicious - guar
John Watson
Stage 2- Preoperational period
Erikson stage one
Gardner's Multiple Intelligence
33. Bruises - Sores - Burns & Child's vague or reluctant response about where they originated
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
Characteristics of physical abuse
Secure Attachment
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
34. Ages 4 to 10 in which children obey because they're parents tell them to and fear consequences - Kohlberg's stage of moral development in which rewards and punishments dominate moral thinking
Preconventional
Temperament
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
Operant conditioning
35. Young children cannot differentiate between their own perspectives and feelings and someone elses
Intelligence
Egocentrism
Preconventional
Constructive play
36. Belief in the ability to do things on one's own
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
Mental Retardation
Self - efficacy
Reasoning
37. ndustry vs. Inferiority (6 years - puberty) - Mastering knowledge and intellectual skills - enthusiastic about learning - imagination - Inferiority if feelings of incompetence and unproductiveness arise. If inferiority out weights industry - low self
Schemas
Erikson stage four
Rough - and - Tumble
Why teachers must familiar with signs and symptoms of child abuse
38. Drawing conclusions from specific examples to make a general conclusion - even when the conclusion is not accurate
Pretend or Imaginative play
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
Inductive reasoning
Constructive play
39. Lack of parenting skills - Economic stressors - Lack of education - Repetition of generational family abuse
Moral Development or Morality
Functional play
Some causes of child maltreatment
Secure Attachment
40. Hard of Hearing. Appear lost or confused.
Rough and tumble play
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
Audtory Perceptural Disability
41. Considerable interest in - Struggle with eating disorders possible
Growth and Development - Adolescence
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
42. Tag - chasing - wrestling
Functional play
Assimilation
Rough and tumble play
When assessing a child
43. Varies greatly depending upon these factors: 1. The child 2. The experience 3. Its frequency 4. What is done about it
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44. Initiative vs. Guilt (3-5 years - preschool years) - - As challenges occur - initiative is needed for purposeful behavior - responsibility for body - behavior - toys - pets - etc...The child may feel like anything he does may dissappoint people aroun
Erikson stage three
Equilibrium
Irreversibility
Perceptual Motor Disability
45. Ages 13 to adult in which morality is judged by abstract principles rather than existing rules that govern society and looking into oneself - Involves working out a personal code of ethics. Allows for the possibility of noncompliance with society's r
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Postconventional
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Stage 2- Preoperational period
46. Piaget quantified the __________________ - suggesting that there are predictable and orderly developmental accomplishments. Children can be tested at each stage to verify their level of cognitive understanding.
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
Effect of play
Conceptual - learning process
47. By understanding Piaget's stages of cognitive development - teachers can avoid presenting material in the classroom that is beyond the...
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48. Girls more fatty tissue than boys - Boys more muscle tissue - Height/weight about same - just distributed differently - Boys might tend to be slightly taller/heavier
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
John Watson
Pretend or Imaginative play
Cognitive Development
49. Refers to the match between a child's temperament and environmental demands the child must deal with
Stage 2- Preoperational period
Goodness of fit
begining of imagination
Symbolic function substage
50. Sensorimotor - preoperational - concrete operations - formal operations
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