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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Difficulty paying attention - Easily distracted - Show hyperactivity - Become frustrated easily - Difficulty controlling muscle or motor activity (constantly moving) - Difficulty staying on task - succumbing to whatever attracts their attention - Sho
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Language - cognitive - socially
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
Object permanence
2. Alcohol - Nicotine - Drugs
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
Ivan Pavlov
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
Anger - sadness
3. Hard of Hearing. Appear lost or confused.
Metacognition
Audtory Perceptural Disability
Play therapy
Secure Attachment
4. Remember Zone of Proximal Development - what can they do on their own - what can they do with help
When assessing a child
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
3 essential elements of scaffolding
5. Easy (flexible) - Difficult (active or feisty) - Slow- to - warm - up (cautious)
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
Mixed temperaments
Influences on Development
basic groups of temperament
6. Collective set of inborn traits help to construct a child's approach to the world
Temperament
Educational Implications of Moral Development
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
How to help an abused child cope
7. ____ theorists agree that ____ activities serve a valuable function in the development of important ____ and ____ skills in children.
Casual Reasoning
play - social - emotional
Erikson stage five
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
8. A collective set of inborn traits that help to construct a child's approach to the world
Temperament
Patterns of attachment
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
Anger - sadness
9. Stresses importance of advancing learning via observing & modeling the: behaviors - attitudes - emotional reactions of others
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10. Varies greatly depending upon these factors: 1. The child 2. The experience 3. Its frequency 4. What is done about it
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11. Autonomy vs. Shame and doubt (1-3yrs) - virtue - Will - Central issue: Can I act on my own? toddler learns how to explore - experiment - make mistakes and test limits to gain self independence of self reliance -
Scaffolding
Erikson stage two
Temperament
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
12. The distance between a child's actual performance and a child's potential performance
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
Animism
Zone of proximal development
How to help an abused child cope
13. Refers to children believing that non - living objects have lifelike qualities
Anxious avoidant attachment
Erikson stage one
Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory
Animism
14. Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - ______________ are mandated reporters of child abuse
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
Object permanence
Teachers
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
15. Age - inappropriate sexual behavior or knowledge - Difficulty walking or sitting - Sudden onset of wetting or inflicted self - harm
Effect of play
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
Characteristics of sexual abuse
Rough and tumble play
16. 2 most common feelings a child presents surrounding abuse
Anger - sadness
Patterns of attachment
Piaget's Contributions
Accomodation
17. A study found that children could be described with 9 characteristics they then grouped into 3
Disorganized disoriented attachment
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
18. 1. Functional 2. Constructive 3. Pretend or Imaginative 4. Rough - and - Tumble 5. Games with Rules
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
basis of temperament
types of play
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
19. Children in the US consume excess ____ and ____.
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
fat - sugar
Bobo doll experiment
Play therapy
20. 1. Use of mediators for learning - A connection/intermediary between the child and that which is to be learned - E.g. - an adult or older child 2. Emphasis of language and shared activity for learning 3. Shared activity
Stage 2- Preoperational period
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
Anxious resistant attachment
3 essential elements of scaffolding
21. Tag - chase - wrestling - Begins about the end of early childhood - Most popular during middle childhood
Rough - and - Tumble
Goodness of fit
3 essential elements of scaffolding
Erikson stage two
22. Children imitate behavior through: socialization - by learning gender roles - by self - reinforcement - by self - efficacy - and - via other aspects of personality
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23. Through repetition (and based upon the child's experience) - learning is predictable - Teachers can help children be successful by making their world more orderly and predictable - Teachers will recognize that a child's learned experiences can accou
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
Bobo doll experiment
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
Effect of play
24. The infant readily separates from the caregiver and actively avoids the parent upon return
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
Anxious avoidant attachment
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
25. Child becomes upset when caregiver leaves - is upset during absence
Conceptual - learning process
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
Mental Retardation
26. The way children incorporate new information with existing schemes in order to form a new cognitive structure - fitting the new knowledge into a template of existing schemes
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
Assimilation
Intelligence
27. 1. Physical Abuse 2. Physical Neglect 3. Sexual Abuse 4. Emotional Maltreatment
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
Transducive reasoning
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
Categories of Abuse
28. Miscarriage - Low birth weight - Poor respiratory functioning
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
Zone of proximal development
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
29. A conceptual tool that allows a child to recognize that when altering the appearance of an object the basic properties do not change
Conservation
Erikson stage four
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
basis of temperament
30. Infancy - Birth to 2 years - infants physical response to the immediate surroundings - Infants learn of their environments through sensation and movement. Egocentrism - infants are the center of their universe.
Anxious avoidant attachment
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
31. 2-6 years old - Much of baby fat disappears as arms/legs grow longer - Pot belly disappears - internal organs no longer growing faster than body cavity - Decrease in weight is attributed to - walking - fatty tissues start growing at slower rate
Pretend or Imaginative play
Assimilation
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
32. Be consistent and write down predictable outlines - schedules - and deadlines - Demonstrate and model appropriate behavior - giving positive reinforcement - Talk slowly - making eye contact when possible - and keep conversations brief - Keep peripher
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
Social Development
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
Influences on Development
33. Most children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) show symptoms of both inattention and hyperactivity - but there are some children who are inattentive and do not show signs of hyperactivity; these children have Attention Deficit Dis
Value of shared activity?
Conceptual - learning process
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
Symbolic function substage
34. A successful childhood counseling treatment b/c it allows children to feel less threatened while working out conflicts and expressing their unresolved feelings
Stage 4- Formal operations period
Erikson stage one
Play therapy
Irreversibility
35. Ages 4 to 10 in which children obey because they're parents tell them to and fear consequences - Kohlberg's stage of moral development in which rewards and punishments dominate moral thinking
Cognitive
Object permanence
Preconventional
Educational Implications of Moral Development
36. While 1 or 2 symptoms do not necessarily mean a child is abused - some common signs are...
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Postconventional
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
37. Mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience - solve problems - and use knowledge to adapt to new situations Traditional IQ - Gardners's Multiple Intelligence and Sternberg's Triarchic Theory of Intelligence.
Audtory Perceptural Disability
Anxious avoidant attachment
Egocentrism
Intelligence
38. Occurs when children take existing schemes and adjust them to fit their experience piano/keyboard
Influences on Development
Accomodation
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
Conventional
39. Sensorimotor - preoperational - concrete operations - formal operations
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40. Type of play begins during infancy with sensorimotor movements manipulating objects on order to receive pleasure
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
Educational Implications of Moral Development
Functional play
Reasoning
41. Children actively construct their knowledge through society
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
Seriation
42. Girls more fatty tissue than boys - Boys more muscle tissue - Height/weight about same - just distributed differently - Boys might tend to be slightly taller/heavier
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
Egocentrism
Growth and Development - Infancy
43. Piaget quantified the __________________ - suggesting that there are predictable and orderly developmental accomplishments. Children can be tested at each stage to verify their level of cognitive understanding.
Erikson stage one
Conceptual - learning process
Pretend or Imaginative play
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
44. Come from both heredity and environment. Many typical changes during childhood are related to maturation. Individual differences tend to increase with age
Influences on Development
Patterns of attachment
Anger - sadness
Piaget's Contributions
45. Involves a given set of rules and declines around age 12 usually replaced with organized sports
Disorganized disoriented attachment
Erikson stage two
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
Games with rules play
46. By 10-12 girls/boys same height/weight - Vast differences gross fine motor skills - Boys' leg/arm muscle coordination stronger - Run faster; jump - catch - throw - kick farther - Girls: stronger fine motor skills - More coordinated hand - manipulatio
Classical conditioning
Metacognition
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
47. The infant becomes anxious before the caregiver leaves and is upset during their absence
Cognitive Development
Anxious resistant attachment
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
Goodness of fit
48. Behaviorism; emphasis on external behaviors of people and their reactions on a given situation; famous for Little Albert study in which baby was taught to fear a white rat
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
John Watson
Child's reaction to abuse
49. ndustry vs. Inferiority (6 years - puberty) - Mastering knowledge and intellectual skills - enthusiastic about learning - imagination - Inferiority if feelings of incompetence and unproductiveness arise. If inferiority out weights industry - low self
How to help an abused child cope
types of play
Influential - personality - emotional
Erikson stage four
50. Middle childhood - 7 to 11 years - mastery of conservation the child begins to think logically - (7-11 yrs) Children understand conservation - less egocentrism - understand hierarchal classification - can focus on multiple aspects at a time. Children
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
Erikson stage four
basic groups of temperament