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CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2
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Subjects
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cset
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teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The infant uses the caregiver as the secure base to explore the environment
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
Secure attachment
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
2. Infancy - Birth to 2 years - infants physical response to the immediate surroundings - Infants learn of their environments through sensation and movement. Egocentrism - infants are the center of their universe.
Characteristics of sexual abuse
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Equilibrium
3. Stresses importance of advancing learning via observing & modeling the: behaviors - attitudes - emotional reactions of others
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4. Occurs when children take existing schemes and adjust them to fit their experience piano/keyboard
Conventional
Accomodation
Conceptual - learning process
Schemas
5. Vygotsky - Every function in a child's cultural development appears twice -- when?
Moral Development or Morality
Goodness of fit
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Anxious avoidant attachment
6. The ability to draw conclusions about a relationship between two objects by knowing the relationship to a third object
Transitive Inference
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - IQ Test
Patterns of attachment
Educational Implications of Moral Development
7. Birth defects - Premature birth - Low birth weight - Neurological disturbances - High startle rate - Learning disabilities - Slowed motor development
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
Centration
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
play - social - emotional
8. 12-18 years old - Puberty - Growth spurts and concomitant clumsiness
Growth and Development - Adolescence
Games with Rules
Irreversibility
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
9. Temperament traits are _____ in development of _____ and way a child shows _____ responses.
Accomodation
Influential - personality - emotional
Bobo doll experiment
Postconventional
10. Initiative vs. Guilt (3-5 years - preschool years) - - As challenges occur - initiative is needed for purposeful behavior - responsibility for body - behavior - toys - pets - etc...The child may feel like anything he does may dissappoint people aroun
Characteristics of sexual abuse
Functional play
Erikson stage three
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
11. 8 intelligences - intelligence and talent are two different things. Eight intelligences are linguistic - musical - logical - mathematical - spatial - bodily - kinesthetic - interpersonal - naturalistic - existential
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12. By understanding Piaget's stages of cognitive development - teachers can avoid presenting material in the classroom that is beyond the...
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13. Personality develops through a series of conflicts that are influenced by society. Eight Stages of age specific crisis we pass through in order to create an equilibrium between our self and society. Turning Points.
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14. Sensorimotor movements manipulating objects in order to receive pleasure - Begins during infancy - Involves repetition of behavior/muscle movement - Can be engaged in throughout life
Functional play
Diet - poor
Moral Development or Morality
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
15. Condition of significantly sub - average intelligence combined with deficiencies in adaptive behavior; implies an inability to perform at least some of the ordinary tasks of daily living skills; IQ of 0-70 in categories of mild - moderate - severe -
Animism
Dyslexia
Classical conditioning
Mental Retardation
16. Middle childhood - 7 to 11 years - mastery of conservation the child begins to think logically - (7-11 yrs) Children understand conservation - less egocentrism - understand hierarchal classification - can focus on multiple aspects at a time. Children
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
Erikson stage four
17. Allow them to work through whatever range of feelings they have
How to help an abused child cope
basic groups of temperament
BMI (body mass index)
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
18. By 10-12 girls/boys same height/weight - Vast differences gross fine motor skills - Boys' leg/arm muscle coordination stronger - Run faster; jump - catch - throw - kick farther - Girls: stronger fine motor skills - More coordinated hand - manipulatio
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
19. Children in the US consume excess ____ and ____.
Perceptual Motor Disability
Conceptual - learning process
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
fat - sugar
20. Children actively construct their knowledge through society
Child's reaction to abuse
3 essential elements of scaffolding
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
21. Tag - chase - wrestling - Begins about the end of early childhood - Most popular during middle childhood
Erikson stage five
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Rough - and - Tumble
Erikson stage one
22. The infant readily separates from the caregiver and actively avoids the parent upon return
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
Anxious avoidant attachment
Erikson stage two
Educational Implications of Moral Development
23. Collective set of inborn traits help to construct a child's approach to the world
Temperament
Erikson stage three
Functional play
Child's cognitive ability
24. Age - inappropriate sexual behavior or knowledge - Difficulty walking or sitting - Sudden onset of wetting or inflicted self - harm
Centration
Characteristics of sexual abuse
Conceptual - learning process
Erikson stage three
25. Involves a given set of rules and declines around age 12 usually replaced with organized sports
Irreversibility
Games with rules play
Centration
Stage 2- Preoperational period
26. Mental structure in which childrens knowledge is ordered into
Functional play
Inductive reasoning
Schemas
Operant conditioning
27. A collective set of inborn traits that help to construct a child's approach to the world
Temperament
Gardner's Multiple Intelligence
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
Transitive Inference
28. Piaget quantified the __________________ - suggesting that there are predictable and orderly developmental accomplishments. Children can be tested at each stage to verify their level of cognitive understanding.
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
Conceptual - learning process
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Gardner's Multiple Intelligence
29. 1. Use of mediators for learning - A connection/intermediary between the child and that which is to be learned - E.g. - an adult or older child 2. Emphasis of language and shared activity for learning 3. Shared activity
types of play
3 essential elements of scaffolding
Scaffolding
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
30. Children learn from operating in the environment
Operant conditioning
Gardner's Multiple Intelligence
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
3 essential elements of scaffolding
31. Temporary support system to support child until task can be mastered alone
Scaffolding
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
Mental Retardation
Patterns of attachment
32. Play is a social activity children engage in just for...
Moral Development or Morality
Its own sake
Play therapy
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
33. Improves physical strength & coordination - If successful then self - esteem can be highly boosted via approval of peers
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
Animism
Its own sake
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
34. Mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience - solve problems - and use knowledge to adapt to new situations Traditional IQ - Gardners's Multiple Intelligence and Sternberg's Triarchic Theory of Intelligence.
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
Intelligence
Games with rules play
Accomodation
35. Much of what we know about how children think feel and respond to the world come from him. His theory states that children predictable and orderly stages of cognitive development and at each stage they form a new way to operate and adapt to the world
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36. A conceptual tool that allows a child to recognize that when altering the appearance of an object the basic properties do not change
Animism
Conservation
Zone of proximal development
Pretend or Imaginative play
37. Educational Implications of Language Development: Teachers must be aware that the process of language development is multifaceted - including...
Egocentrism
Anxious avoidant attachment
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
Conceptual - learning process
38. The tendency of the child to focus on only one piece of information at a time while disregarding all others
Secure attachment
Centration
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
Constructive play
39. Children with a perceptual - motor disability have difficult with coordination and may often appear clumsy or disoriented - Sometimes their hands are in constant motion and may get in the way of their activity
Bandura's beliefs
Patterns of attachment
Perceptual Motor Disability
begining of imagination
40. A successful childhood counseling treatment b/c it allows children to feel less threatened while working out conflicts and expressing their unresolved feelings
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Play therapy
Centration
Rough - and - Tumble
41. Young children cannot differentiate between their own perspectives and feelings and someone elses
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Temperament
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
Egocentrism
42. Varies greatly depending upon these factors: 1. The child 2. The experience 3. Its frequency 4. What is done about it
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43. The 4th of Piaget's periods: beginning from 11 years. Form of intelligence in which higher level mental operations make possible logical reasoning with respect to abstract and hypothetical events and not merely concrete objects. Hypothetical Deductiv
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
Stage 4- Formal operations period
types of play
Anger - sadness
44. Think about thinking occurs in the concrete operations period - a child;s awareness of knowing about one's own knowledge
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
Assimilation
Scaffolding
Metacognition
45. Altering the environment or situation to produce a more favorable outcome
3 essential elements of scaffolding
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Behavior modification
Audtory Perceptural Disability
46. Mother's age - Birth complications for younger & older mothers - Mother's nutrition
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
Characteristics of neglect
Self - efficacy
Growth and Development - Adolescence
47. Behaviorism; emphasis on external behaviors of people and their reactions on a given situation; famous for Little Albert study in which baby was taught to fear a white rat
Accomodation
Value of shared activity?
Animism
John Watson
48. Environmental agents that can cause abnormalities in a fetus - Prevent or modify normal cell division - Danger - thus - greatest during embryonic stage (2-8 weeks)
Games with Rules
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Play therapy
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
49. Most children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) show symptoms of both inattention and hyperactivity - but there are some children who are inattentive and do not show signs of hyperactivity; these children have Attention Deficit Dis
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
3 essential elements of scaffolding
B.F. Skinner
50. Secure attachment is fundamental to a child's ability to emotionally and biologically self - regulate
Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory
Erikson stage two
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
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