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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2
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Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Involves a given set of rules and declines around age 12 usually replaced with organized sports
Pretend or Imaginative play
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
Games with rules play
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
2. Tag - chase - wrestling - Begins about the end of early childhood - Most popular during middle childhood
Rough - and - Tumble
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
State of equilibrium
Kohlberg's three stages of moral development
3. 1. Teachers must recognize that children internalize what is right and wrong based upon their basic values and sense of self. 2. Teachers must recognize the sequential foundation upon which higher moral principles are based. 3. Teachers must recogniz
Noam Chomsky
Anger - sadness
Educational Implications of Moral Development
play - social - emotional
4. Children mentally connect specific experiences whether or not there is a logical casual relationship
Influential - personality - emotional
Postconventional
Transducive reasoning
Patterns of attachment
5. Middle childhood - 7 to 11 years - mastery of conservation the child begins to think logically - (7-11 yrs) Children understand conservation - less egocentrism - understand hierarchal classification - can focus on multiple aspects at a time. Children
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Secure attachment
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
6. Children make errors in their thinking because they cannot understand that an operation moves in more than one direction
Influential - personality - emotional
types of play
Irreversibility
How to help an abused child cope
7. Through repetition (and based upon the child's experience) - learning is predictable - Teachers can help children be successful by making their world more orderly and predictable - Teachers will recognize that a child's learned experiences can accou
Perceptual Motor Disability
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
Cognitive Development
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
8. Developed with Physical structures to produce sounds - cognitive structures to produce thought process - and social structures to experience language through learning and practicing.
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
Erikson stage one
Language Development
Conservation
9. Children learn from operating in the environment
Intelligence
Operant conditioning
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
10. Behaviorism; emphasis on external behaviors of people and their reactions on a given situation; famous for Little Albert study in which baby was taught to fear a white rat
John Watson
Bandura's beliefs
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Dyslexia
11. Preconventional - conventional - postconventional
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12. This is the ability of a child to arrange objects in logical progression
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
Erikson stage four
Seriation
Operant conditioning
13. Children in the US consume excess ____ and ____.
Growth and Development - Infancy
fat - sugar
Pretend or Imaginative play
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
14. At about 18 months
Social Development
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
begining of imagination
Transitive Inference
15. 2-6 years old - Much of baby fat disappears as arms/legs grow longer - Pot belly disappears - internal organs no longer growing faster than body cavity - Decrease in weight is attributed to - walking - fatty tissues start growing at slower rate
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
Zone of proximal development
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
Self - efficacy
16. Language development; disagreed with Skinner about language acquisition - stated there is an infinite # of sentences in a language - humans have an inborn native ability to develop language
Noam Chomsky
Influential - personality - emotional
Characteristics of neglect
Metacognition
17. A learning disability characterized by substandard reading achievement due to the inability of the brain to process symbols; also known as a developmental reading disorder. Skip or reverse words. Confuses left and right reading.
Some causes of child maltreatment
Pretend or Imaginative play
Teachers
Dyslexia
18. 1. Functional 2. Constructive 3. Pretend or Imaginative 4. Rough - and - Tumble 5. Games with Rules
Categories of Abuse
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
types of play
19. Formulating a specific hypothesis from any given general theory - what might be
fat - sugar
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
Piaget's Contributions
20. The distance between a child's actual performance and a child's potential performance
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Zone of proximal development
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
Influences on Development
21. A conceptual tool that allows a child to recognize that when altering the appearance of an object the basic properties do not change
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
Conservation
Metacognition
Characteristics of sexual abuse
22. Come from both heredity and environment. Many typical changes during childhood are related to maturation. Individual differences tend to increase with age
Characteristics of sexual abuse
Child's cognitive ability
basic groups of temperament
Influences on Development
23. Boys/girls about same weight/height - Girls growing only slightly slower than boys
Effect of play
Functional play
Scaffolding
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
24. Varies greatly depending upon these factors: 1. The child 2. The experience 3. Its frequency 4. What is done about it
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25. Children observe adult repeatedly punching & knocking down inflated doll - Later - children imitated aggressive behavior in classroom
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
Bobo doll experiment
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
26. Play is a social activity children engage in just for...
Conservation
Centration
Its own sake
Stage 4- Formal operations period
27. Allow them to work through whatever range of feelings they have
How to help an abused child cope
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
Metacognition
Audtory Perceptural Disability
28. Match between a child's temperament and environment or demands on child - Ex: quiet child in boisterous family - Ex: active child in scholarly family >
basic groups of temperament
Moral Development or Morality
Goodness of fit
Games with Rules
29. The way children incorporate new information with existing schemes in order to form a new cognitive structure - fitting the new knowledge into a template of existing schemes
Ivan Pavlov
Games with rules play
1
Assimilation
30. Child uses caregiver as secure base from which to explore environment - example - Child freely separates from parent to play
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
Schemas
Secure Attachment
Ivan Pavlov
31. By understanding Piaget's stages of cognitive development - teachers can avoid presenting material in the classroom that is beyond the...
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32. Toddlers and preschoolers use objects to make something
Accomodation
Constructive play
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
play - social - emotional
33. Mental structure in which childrens knowledge is ordered into
Behavior modification
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
Scaffolding
Schemas
34. The infant becomes anxious before the caregiver leaves and is upset during their absence
Anxious resistant attachment
Social Development
Metacognition
Disorganized disoriented attachment
35. 8 intelligences - intelligence and talent are two different things. Eight intelligences are linguistic - musical - logical - mathematical - spatial - bodily - kinesthetic - interpersonal - naturalistic - existential
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36. 1. Secure Attachment 2. Anxious - Resistant Attachment 3. Anxious - Avoidant Attachment 4. Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
John Watson
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
Temperament
Patterns of attachment
37. 1. Child is physically injured by other than accidental means 2. child is subjected to willful cruelty or unjustifiable punishment 3. child is abused or exploited sexually 4. child is neglected by a parent or caretaker who fails to provide adequate f
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
State of equilibrium
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
38. Play is critical to _____ advancement in children
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
Cognitive
Language Development
Bandura's beliefs
39. The ability to draw conclusions about a relationship between two objects by knowing the relationship to a third object
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Transitive Inference
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
40. Refers to the match between a child's temperament and environmental demands the child must deal with
Classical conditioning
Equilibrium
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
Goodness of fit
41. 1. release physical energy 2. gain mastery over their bodies 3. acquire new motor skills 4. form better relationships among peers 5. try out new social rules 6. advance cognitive development 7. practice and explore new competencies
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
Characteristics of sexual abuse
Effect of play
begining of imagination
42. Much of what we know about how children think feel and respond to the world come from him. His theory states that children predictable and orderly stages of cognitive development and at each stage they form a new way to operate and adapt to the world
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43. Initiative vs. Guilt (3-5 years - preschool years) - - As challenges occur - initiative is needed for purposeful behavior - responsibility for body - behavior - toys - pets - etc...The child may feel like anything he does may dissappoint people aroun
Goodness of fit
Erikson stage three
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
Constructive play
44. The child uses words and images to form mental representations to remember objects without being physically present
Reasoning
Stage 2- Preoperational period
Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory
Symbolic function substage
45. Ages 4 to 10 in which children obey because they're parents tell them to and fear consequences - Kohlberg's stage of moral development in which rewards and punishments dominate moral thinking
Mental Retardation
Preconventional
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
Cognitive
46. Age - inappropriate sexual behavior or knowledge - Difficulty walking or sitting - Sudden onset of wetting or inflicted self - harm
Characteristics of sexual abuse
Bandura's beliefs
1
begining of imagination
47. Child becomes upset when caregiver leaves - is upset during absence
Goodness of fit
Self - efficacy
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
Ivan Pavlov
48. Educational Implications of Language Development: Teachers must be aware that the process of language development is multifaceted - including...
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
Erikson stage three
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
Inductive reasoning
49. The tendency of the child to focus on only one piece of information at a time while disregarding all others
Cognitive Development
Casual Reasoning
Centration
Accomodation
50. An internalized set of rules influencing the feelings - thoughts and behavior of an individual in deciding what is right and wrong.
Moral Development or Morality
Rough and tumble play
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment