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CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2
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Subjects
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cset
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teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Home environment influences much of a child's _____. Diets of minority families and socioeconomically deprived children are especially ____.
Diet - poor
Goodness of fit
Categories of Abuse
Anxious resistant attachment
2. Early childhood - 2 to 7 years - Egocentric focus on symbolic thought and imagination - This stage lasts from about two to seven years of age. During this stage - children get better at symbolic thought - but they can't yet reason. According to Piage
Postconventional
Stage 2- Preoperational period
Equilibrium
Teachers
3. At about 18 months
Games with Rules
Play therapy
begining of imagination
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
4. Ages 13 to adult in which morality is judged by abstract principles rather than existing rules that govern society and looking into oneself - Involves working out a personal code of ethics. Allows for the possibility of noncompliance with society's r
3 essential elements of scaffolding
Postconventional
Secure Attachment
Stage 4- Formal operations period
5. ____ theorists agree that ____ activities serve a valuable function in the development of important ____ and ____ skills in children.
play - social - emotional
Behavior modification
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
6. The ability to draw conclusions about a relationship between two objects by knowing the relationship to a third object
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
Mental Retardation
Self - efficacy
Transitive Inference
7. Formation of: body parts - major organs
Noam Chomsky
Growth and Development - Adolescence
play - social - emotional
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
8. Child uses caregiver as secure base from which to explore environment - example - Child freely separates from parent to play
Schemas
Secure Attachment
basis of temperament
Mental Retardation
9. Modern descendent of the first successful intelligence test that measures general intelligence and four factors verbal reasoning - quantitative reasoning - spatial reasoning - and short - term memory.
Casual Reasoning
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
Functional play
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
10. Secure attachment is fundamental to a child's ability to emotionally and biologically self - regulate
types of play
Animism
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
Erikson stage five
11. 12-18 years old - Puberty - Growth spurts and concomitant clumsiness
Schemas
Growth and Development - Adolescence
Mental Retardation
Intelligence
12. Boys/girls about same weight/height - Girls growing only slightly slower than boys
Transducive reasoning
Some causes of child maltreatment
Educational Implications of Moral Development
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
13. Children believe that their thoughts can cause actions whether or not the experiences have a casual relationship - when I move the clouds move - god moves - sun moves - wind currents move
Goodness of fit
Transducive reasoning
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
Casual Reasoning
14. 2-6 years old - Much of baby fat disappears as arms/legs grow longer - Pot belly disappears - internal organs no longer growing faster than body cavity - Decrease in weight is attributed to - walking - fatty tissues start growing at slower rate
Operant conditioning
Zone of proximal development
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
begining of imagination
15. Condition of significantly sub - average intelligence combined with deficiencies in adaptive behavior; implies an inability to perform at least some of the ordinary tasks of daily living skills; IQ of 0-70 in categories of mild - moderate - severe -
Mental Retardation
types of play
Games with Rules
Seriation
16. A study found that children could be described with 9 characteristics they then grouped into 3
Operant conditioning
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
Conservation
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
17. Mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience - solve problems - and use knowledge to adapt to new situations Traditional IQ - Gardners's Multiple Intelligence and Sternberg's Triarchic Theory of Intelligence.
Child's cognitive ability
Temperament
Intelligence
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
18. Hard of Hearing. Appear lost or confused.
Gardner's Multiple Intelligence
Moral Development or Morality
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
Audtory Perceptural Disability
19. Varies greatly depending upon these factors: 1. The child 2. The experience 3. Its frequency 4. What is done about it
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20. Easy (flexible) - Difficult (active or feisty) - Slow- to - warm - up (cautious)
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
Child's cognitive ability
basic groups of temperament
Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development
21. Sensorimotor - preoperational - concrete operations - formal operations
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22. Come from both heredity and environment. Many typical changes during childhood are related to maturation. Individual differences tend to increase with age
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
Seriation
Symbolic function substage
Influences on Development
23. Ages 10 -13 in which children are more concerned about the opinions of their peers. Second level of Kohlberg's stages of moral development in which the child's behavior is governed by conforming to the society's norms of behavior
Schemas
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
Conventional
begining of imagination
24. Good way to evaluate child's body fat is to review their...
Moral Development or Morality
Casual Reasoning
Games with rules play
BMI (body mass index)
25. A successful childhood counseling treatment b/c it allows children to feel less threatened while working out conflicts and expressing their unresolved feelings
Some causes of child maltreatment
Play therapy
Secure Attachment
Erikson stage five
26. Alcohol - Nicotine - Drugs
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
John Watson
Bobo doll experiment
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
27. Allow them to work through whatever range of feelings they have
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
Metacognition
Characteristics of sexual abuse
How to help an abused child cope
28. The child uses words and images to form mental representations to remember objects without being physically present
Erikson stage one
Symbolic function substage
Growth and Development - Infancy
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
29. Children learn from operating in the environment
State of equilibrium
Operant conditioning
Play therapy
Conventional
30. Considerable interest in - Struggle with eating disorders possible
play - social - emotional
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
Centration
Behavior modification
31. 12: girls taller/boys weigh more - 13/14: boys taller & weigh more - 18: boys 4' taller 20 lbs heavier - Acceleration large motor physical strength in boys - Clumsy initially -- fast growth arms/legs - Quickly acquire ease of movement
Preconventional
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
1
Erikson stage four
32. Allow the student to sit behind others so that the student won't disturb others - and teach the student to tap his pencil on a sleeve or leg instead of the table
Categories of Abuse
3 essential elements of scaffolding
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
33. The infant shows insecurity and signs of being disoriented
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
Disorganized disoriented attachment
How to help an abused child cope
Goodness of fit
34. 1. Use of mediators for learning - A connection/intermediary between the child and that which is to be learned - E.g. - an adult or older child 2. Emphasis of language and shared activity for learning 3. Shared activity
Effect of play
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
3 essential elements of scaffolding
Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory
35. Girls more fatty tissue than boys - Boys more muscle tissue - Height/weight about same - just distributed differently - Boys might tend to be slightly taller/heavier
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
Anger - sadness
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
36. A conceptual tool that allows a child to recognize that when altering the appearance of an object the basic properties do not change
Conservation
Operant conditioning
Transitive Inference
Erikson stage one
37. Estimates indicate ___% of children in US follow all the dietary guidelines.
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
How to help an abused child cope
Games with Rules
1
38. Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - ______________ are mandated reporters of child abuse
Bobo doll experiment
Teachers
Casual Reasoning
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
39. Play is a social activity children engage in just for...
Pretend or Imaginative play
Erikson stage one
Object permanence
Its own sake
40. Temperament traits are _____ in development of _____ and way a child shows _____ responses.
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
Influential - personality - emotional
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
Classical conditioning
41. Tag - chase - wrestling - Begins about the end of early childhood - Most popular during middle childhood
Secure attachment
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
Rough - and - Tumble
42. Refers to children believing that non - living objects have lifelike qualities
Anxious avoidant attachment
Animism
Erikson stage five
Dyslexia
43. Young children cannot differentiate between their own perspectives and feelings and someone elses
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Egocentrism
44. Vygotsky - Every function in a child's cultural development appears twice -- when?
Seriation
Preconventional
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
45. This is the ability of a child to arrange objects in logical progression
Conservation
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
Seriation
46. Much of what we know about how children think feel and respond to the world come from him. His theory states that children predictable and orderly stages of cognitive development and at each stage they form a new way to operate and adapt to the world
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47. Often during elementary school - Have rules - are competitive - pleasurable - Preschool games more about taking turns - Replace around age 12 by practice play and organized sports - Can be engaged in throughout life
Games with Rules
Conservation
Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development
Schemas
48. Stresses importance of advancing learning via observing & modeling the: behaviors - attitudes - emotional reactions of others
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49. Refers to the match between a child's temperament and environmental demands the child must deal with
Goodness of fit
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Anxious resistant attachment
50. Development is motivated by the search for a stable balance toward effective adaptations
Erikson stage three
Characteristics of physical abuse
Equilibrium
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
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