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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2
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cset
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teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The infant readily separates from the caregiver and actively avoids the parent upon return
Anxious avoidant attachment
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
Egocentrism
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
2. Sensorimotor movements manipulating objects in order to receive pleasure - Begins during infancy - Involves repetition of behavior/muscle movement - Can be engaged in throughout life
Characteristics of neglect
Functional play
Mixed temperaments
Symbolic function substage
3. Development is motivated by the search for a stable balance toward effective adaptations
Equilibrium
Characteristics of neglect
Its own sake
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
4. 1. Physical Abuse 2. Physical Neglect 3. Sexual Abuse 4. Emotional Maltreatment
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
Categories of Abuse
Goodness of fit
Why teachers must familiar with signs and symptoms of child abuse
5. Miscarriage - Low birth weight - Poor respiratory functioning
basis of temperament
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
Temperament
Rough and tumble play
6. The infant becomes anxious before the caregiver leaves and is upset during their absence
Categories of Abuse
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
Anxious resistant attachment
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
7. The infant uses the caregiver as the secure base to explore the environment
Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory
Operant conditioning
Secure attachment
Conservation
8. Behaviorism; emphasis on external behaviors of people and their reactions on a given situation; famous for Little Albert study in which baby was taught to fear a white rat
Categories of Abuse
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
John Watson
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
9. The temporary support system from a teacher or older peer to support the child until the task can be mastered alone
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
Scaffolding
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
10. Home environment influences much of a child's _____. Diets of minority families and socioeconomically deprived children are especially ____.
Preconventional
Disorganized disoriented attachment
Constructive play
Diet - poor
11. 1. Child is physically injured by other than accidental means 2. child is subjected to willful cruelty or unjustifiable punishment 3. child is abused or exploited sexually 4. child is neglected by a parent or caretaker who fails to provide adequate f
Rough - and - Tumble
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
Mental Retardation
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
12. The tendency of the child to focus on only one piece of information at a time while disregarding all others
Centration
3 essential elements of scaffolding
Object permanence
Anger - sadness
13. Identity vs. Identity Confusion (10-20 years - adolescence) - Finding out who they are - what they are all about - where they are going in life. - Confronted with new roles and adult statuses (vocational and romantic) - Identity confusion occurs when
Erikson stage five
Stage 4- Formal operations period
Dyslexia
types of play
14. 7-11 years old - Many children grow about 2'/year
BMI (body mass index)
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory
15. A learning disability characterized by substandard reading achievement due to the inability of the brain to process symbols; also known as a developmental reading disorder. Skip or reverse words. Confuses left and right reading.
Kohlberg's three stages of moral development
basic groups of temperament
Games with Rules
Dyslexia
16. 1. Teachers can use behavior modification in the classroom as a learning tool (altering the environment or situation to produce a more favorable outcome) 2. Teachers can reinforce positive behavior to produce subsequent desirable behaviors (e.g. - po
play - social - emotional
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
17. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning through the salvation of dogs on the ringing of a bell.
basis of temperament
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Ivan Pavlov
types of play
18. Children mentally connect specific experiences whether or not there is a logical casual relationship
Characteristics of physical abuse
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
Transducive reasoning
19. ndustry vs. Inferiority (6 years - puberty) - Mastering knowledge and intellectual skills - enthusiastic about learning - imagination - Inferiority if feelings of incompetence and unproductiveness arise. If inferiority out weights industry - low self
Erikson stage four
Temperament
Kohlberg's three stages of moral development
Audtory Perceptural Disability
20. Trust vs. Mistrust - infancy to 1st year - Physical comfort - minimal fear and low apprehension about the future. Sets stage for life long expectation that world is good. The absence of trust can result in eaving the infant feeeling suspicious - guar
Educational Implications of Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
Equilibrium
Erikson stage one
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
21. Formation of: body parts - major organs
Temperament
Animism
Stage 2- Preoperational period
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
22. Refers to children believing that non - living objects have lifelike qualities
Equilibrium
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
Conservation
Animism
23. Birth defects - Premature birth - Low birth weight - Neurological disturbances - High startle rate - Learning disabilities - Slowed motor development
Metacognition
Categories of Abuse
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
24. At about 18 months
Audtory Perceptural Disability
Constructive play
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
begining of imagination
25. Sensorimotor - preoperational - concrete operations - formal operations
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26. Tag - chase - wrestling - Begins about the end of early childhood - Most popular during middle childhood
Rough - and - Tumble
Equilibrium
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
27. Initiative vs. Guilt (3-5 years - preschool years) - - As challenges occur - initiative is needed for purposeful behavior - responsibility for body - behavior - toys - pets - etc...The child may feel like anything he does may dissappoint people aroun
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Stage 4- Formal operations period
Erikson stage three
Bandura's beliefs
28. Ages 10 -13 in which children are more concerned about the opinions of their peers. Second level of Kohlberg's stages of moral development in which the child's behavior is governed by conforming to the society's norms of behavior
Characteristics of physical abuse
Intelligence
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
Conventional
29. 1. Functional 2. Constructive 3. Pretend or Imaginative 4. Rough - and - Tumble 5. Games with Rules
Diet - poor
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
types of play
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
30. Good way to evaluate child's body fat is to review their...
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
BMI (body mass index)
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
Anxious avoidant attachment
31. Much of what we know about how children think feel and respond to the world come from him. His theory states that children predictable and orderly stages of cognitive development and at each stage they form a new way to operate and adapt to the world
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32. By 10-12 girls/boys same height/weight - Vast differences gross fine motor skills - Boys' leg/arm muscle coordination stronger - Run faster; jump - catch - throw - kick farther - Girls: stronger fine motor skills - More coordinated hand - manipulatio
Seriation
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Anxious resistant attachment
Educational Implications of Moral Development
33. Tag - chasing - wrestling
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
Intelligence
Rough and tumble play
34. Remember Zone of Proximal Development - what can they do on their own - what can they do with help
Intelligence
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
When assessing a child
Conservation
35. The distance between a child's actual performance and a child's potential performance
play - social - emotional
Rough - and - Tumble
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
Zone of proximal development
36. 2 most common feelings a child presents surrounding abuse
Irreversibility
Anger - sadness
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
types of play
37. Children imitate behavior through: socialization - by learning gender roles - by self - reinforcement - by self - efficacy - and - via other aspects of personality
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38. Most children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) show symptoms of both inattention and hyperactivity - but there are some children who are inattentive and do not show signs of hyperactivity; these children have Attention Deficit Dis
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
Value of shared activity?
Effect of play
Operant conditioning
39. Secure attachment is fundamental to a child's ability to emotionally and biologically self - regulate
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
Anger - sadness
Casual Reasoning
Characteristics of sexual abuse
40. Considerable interest in - Struggle with eating disorders possible
Ivan Pavlov
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
41. Personality develops through a series of conflicts that are influenced by society. Eight Stages of age specific crisis we pass through in order to create an equilibrium between our self and society. Turning Points.
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42. Children respond automatically since they have formed an association between a stimulus and the response
Classical conditioning
Educational Implications of Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
43. Birth to 2 years old - Grow faster in this period than any other
Temperament
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
Growth and Development - Infancy
Disorganized disoriented attachment
44. Children observe adult repeatedly punching & knocking down inflated doll - Later - children imitated aggressive behavior in classroom
BMI (body mass index)
Pretend or Imaginative play
Bobo doll experiment
Teachers
45. 1. Secure Attachment 2. Anxious - Resistant Attachment 3. Anxious - Avoidant Attachment 4. Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Erikson stage two
Bandura's beliefs
Equilibrium
Patterns of attachment
46. Children believe that their thoughts can cause actions whether or not the experiences have a casual relationship - when I move the clouds move - god moves - sun moves - wind currents move
Casual Reasoning
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
Egocentrism
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
47. Children with a perceptual - motor disability have difficult with coordination and may often appear clumsy or disoriented - Sometimes their hands are in constant motion and may get in the way of their activity
Teachers
Rough - and - Tumble
Perceptual Motor Disability
Goodness of fit
48. Boys/girls about same weight/height - Girls growing only slightly slower than boys
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
Moral Development or Morality
Play therapy
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
49. Easy (flexible) - Difficult (active or feisty) - Slow- to - warm - up (cautious)
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
basic groups of temperament
Temperament
Child's reaction to abuse
50. Condition of significantly sub - average intelligence combined with deficiencies in adaptive behavior; implies an inability to perform at least some of the ordinary tasks of daily living skills; IQ of 0-70 in categories of mild - moderate - severe -
Child's reaction to abuse
Mental Retardation
Games with rules play
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
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