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CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2
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cset
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teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A successful childhood counseling treatment b/c it allows children to feel less threatened while working out conflicts and expressing their unresolved feelings
Secure Attachment
Scaffolding
Play therapy
Anger - sadness
2. The tendency of the child to focus on only one piece of information at a time while disregarding all others
begining of imagination
Anxious avoidant attachment
Educational Implications of Moral Development
Centration
3. Ages 13 to adult in which morality is judged by abstract principles rather than existing rules that govern society and looking into oneself - Involves working out a personal code of ethics. Allows for the possibility of noncompliance with society's r
Postconventional
Anger - sadness
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
4. Children learn from operating in the environment
Operant conditioning
Erikson stage one
Goodness of fit
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
5. 12: girls taller/boys weigh more - 13/14: boys taller & weigh more - 18: boys 4' taller 20 lbs heavier - Acceleration large motor physical strength in boys - Clumsy initially -- fast growth arms/legs - Quickly acquire ease of movement
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Centration
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
Educational Implications of Moral Development
6. Early childhood - 2 to 7 years - Egocentric focus on symbolic thought and imagination - This stage lasts from about two to seven years of age. During this stage - children get better at symbolic thought - but they can't yet reason. According to Piage
Stage 2- Preoperational period
Postconventional
Constructive play
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
7. Lack of parenting skills - Economic stressors - Lack of education - Repetition of generational family abuse
Growth and Development - Adolescence
Some causes of child maltreatment
Intelligence
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
8. While 1 or 2 symptoms do not necessarily mean a child is abused - some common signs are...
Anxious resistant attachment
Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
9. The temporary support system from a teacher or older peer to support the child until the task can be mastered alone
Scaffolding
Seriation
Kohlberg's three stages of moral development
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
10. 12-18 years old - Puberty - Growth spurts and concomitant clumsiness
Rough and tumble play
Growth and Development - Adolescence
Value of shared activity?
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
11. By 10-12 girls/boys same height/weight - Vast differences gross fine motor skills - Boys' leg/arm muscle coordination stronger - Run faster; jump - catch - throw - kick farther - Girls: stronger fine motor skills - More coordinated hand - manipulatio
Transducive reasoning
fat - sugar
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Constructive play
12. Piaget suggested that a child's mind seeks a ________________. At each stage - children form a new way to operate and adapt to the world.
State of equilibrium
Intelligence
Some causes of child maltreatment
Constructive play
13. Stresses importance of advancing learning via observing & modeling the: behaviors - attitudes - emotional reactions of others
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14. The child uses words and images to form mental representations to remember objects without being physically present
Assimilation
Symbolic function substage
Pretend or Imaginative play
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
15. Age - inappropriate sexual behavior or knowledge - Difficulty walking or sitting - Sudden onset of wetting or inflicted self - harm
Rough - and - Tumble
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
Characteristics of sexual abuse
Pretend or Imaginative play
16. The infant readily separates from the caregiver and actively avoids the parent upon return
Anxious avoidant attachment
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
Transducive reasoning
Language - cognitive - socially
17. Using objects to make something - Combines sensorimotor movements and creation/construction of something - Toddlers & preschoolers
Effect of play
Constructive play
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
18. 7-11 years old - Many children grow about 2'/year
When assessing a child
Ivan Pavlov
Cognitive
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
19. The distance between a child's actual performance and a child's potential performance
Zone of proximal development
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
Stage 2- Preoperational period
Erikson stage four
20. Preconventional - conventional - postconventional
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21. Language development; disagreed with Skinner about language acquisition - stated there is an infinite # of sentences in a language - humans have an inborn native ability to develop language
Noam Chomsky
Goodness of fit
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
22. Come from both heredity and environment. Many typical changes during childhood are related to maturation. Individual differences tend to increase with age
Influences on Development
Effect of play
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
Egocentrism
23. 8 intelligences - intelligence and talent are two different things. Eight intelligences are linguistic - musical - logical - mathematical - spatial - bodily - kinesthetic - interpersonal - naturalistic - existential
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24. Children are not equipped: physically - emotionally - socially - compared to adult caregivers
Rough - and - Tumble
Why teachers must familiar with signs and symptoms of child abuse
Perceptual Motor Disability
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
25. Strongly improves child's problem - solving abilities - E.g. reading buddies
Behavior modification
Inductive reasoning
Animism
Value of shared activity?
26. Formation of: body parts - major organs
Conceptual - learning process
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Functional play
27. 1. Teachers can use behavior modification in the classroom as a learning tool (altering the environment or situation to produce a more favorable outcome) 2. Teachers can reinforce positive behavior to produce subsequent desirable behaviors (e.g. - po
Schemas
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Anxious resistant attachment
28. Recognition that objects and events continue to exist even when they are not visible
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
Noam Chomsky
Erikson stage five
Object permanence
29. Formulating a specific hypothesis from any given general theory - what might be
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
Transitive Inference
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
Value of shared activity?
30. Ages 10 -13 in which children are more concerned about the opinions of their peers. Second level of Kohlberg's stages of moral development in which the child's behavior is governed by conforming to the society's norms of behavior
Influences on Development
Scaffolding
Conventional
Behavior modification
31. Girls more fatty tissue than boys - Boys more muscle tissue - Height/weight about same - just distributed differently - Boys might tend to be slightly taller/heavier
Schemas
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
Educational Implications of Moral Development
Transitive Inference
32. Toddlers and preschoolers use objects to make something
Erikson stage four
Constructive play
play - social - emotional
Gardner's Multiple Intelligence
33. A study found that children could be described with 9 characteristics they then grouped into 3
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
Why teachers must familiar with signs and symptoms of child abuse
Value of shared activity?
34. Condition of significantly sub - average intelligence combined with deficiencies in adaptive behavior; implies an inability to perform at least some of the ordinary tasks of daily living skills; IQ of 0-70 in categories of mild - moderate - severe -
Child's cognitive ability
Mental Retardation
Functional play
Its own sake
35. The purposeful process by which a person generates logical and coherent ideas - evaluates situations - and reaches conclusions.
Reasoning
Ivan Pavlov
Transducive reasoning
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
36. 1. Child is physically injured by other than accidental means 2. child is subjected to willful cruelty or unjustifiable punishment 3. child is abused or exploited sexually 4. child is neglected by a parent or caretaker who fails to provide adequate f
Patterns of attachment
Conventional
play - social - emotional
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
37. Sensorimotor - preoperational - concrete operations - formal operations
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38. Much of what we know about how children think feel and respond to the world come from him. His theory states that children predictable and orderly stages of cognitive development and at each stage they form a new way to operate and adapt to the world
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39. Autonomy vs. Shame and doubt (1-3yrs) - virtue - Will - Central issue: Can I act on my own? toddler learns how to explore - experiment - make mistakes and test limits to gain self independence of self reliance -
Audtory Perceptural Disability
B.F. Skinner
Erikson stage two
Disorganized disoriented attachment
40. Vygotsky - Every function in a child's cultural development appears twice -- when?
Characteristics of sexual abuse
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
John Watson
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
41. The infant becomes anxious before the caregiver leaves and is upset during their absence
Anxious resistant attachment
Object permanence
Scaffolding
3 essential elements of scaffolding
42. Ages 4 to 10 in which children obey because they're parents tell them to and fear consequences - Kohlberg's stage of moral development in which rewards and punishments dominate moral thinking
Influential - personality - emotional
Preconventional
Postconventional
Educational Implications of Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
43. 1. Functional 2. Constructive 3. Pretend or Imaginative 4. Rough - and - Tumble 5. Games with Rules
types of play
Cognitive Development
Erikson stage one
Value of shared activity?
44. Match between a child's temperament and environment or demands on child - Ex: quiet child in boisterous family - Ex: active child in scholarly family >
Goodness of fit
Functional play
Constructive play
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
45. Occurs when children take existing schemes and adjust them to fit their experience piano/keyboard
Animism
Influential - personality - emotional
Accomodation
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
46. Mother's age - Birth complications for younger & older mothers - Mother's nutrition
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
Language - cognitive - socially
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
Noam Chomsky
47. Collective set of inborn traits help to construct a child's approach to the world
Temperament
basic groups of temperament
Pretend or Imaginative play
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
48. Often during elementary school - Have rules - are competitive - pleasurable - Preschool games more about taking turns - Replace around age 12 by practice play and organized sports - Can be engaged in throughout life
Constructive play
Games with Rules
Classical conditioning
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
49. Modern descendent of the first successful intelligence test that measures general intelligence and four factors verbal reasoning - quantitative reasoning - spatial reasoning - and short - term memory.
Diet - poor
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
Play therapy
50. Tag - chasing - wrestling
types of play
Erikson stage four
Rough and tumble play
fat - sugar
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