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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2
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Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. According to the Individuals with disabilities Act or IDEA all children with disabilities are guaranteed a free - appropriate publec education.
Growth and Development - Adolescence
Games with Rules
Centration
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
2. Initiative vs. Guilt (3-5 years - preschool years) - - As challenges occur - initiative is needed for purposeful behavior - responsibility for body - behavior - toys - pets - etc...The child may feel like anything he does may dissappoint people aroun
Animism
Perceptual Motor Disability
Erikson stage three
Bobo doll experiment
3. Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - ______________ are mandated reporters of child abuse
Diet - poor
Teachers
begining of imagination
B.F. Skinner
4. Remember Zone of Proximal Development - what can they do on their own - what can they do with help
When assessing a child
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
Dyslexia
Schemas
5. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. he is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a
B.F. Skinner
Educational Implications of Moral Development
Characteristics of neglect
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
6. Considerable interest in - Struggle with eating disorders possible
Influences on Development
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
Bobo doll experiment
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
7. Transformation of symbols into make - believe play - Pretending helps to build a child's imagination - Imagination boundless at this time - Preschool years
Temperament
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
Pretend or Imaginative play
8. The temporary support system from a teacher or older peer to support the child until the task can be mastered alone
Scaffolding
Pretend or Imaginative play
Erikson stage one
Audtory Perceptural Disability
9. Children mentally connect specific experiences whether or not there is a logical casual relationship
Conservation
Transducive reasoning
Constructive play
Temperament
10. Children with a perceptual - motor disability have difficult with coordination and may often appear clumsy or disoriented - Sometimes their hands are in constant motion and may get in the way of their activity
Teachers
Perceptual Motor Disability
Assimilation
basis of temperament
11. Using objects to make something - Combines sensorimotor movements and creation/construction of something - Toddlers & preschoolers
Constructive play
Transitive Inference
Zone of proximal development
Language Development
12. Think about thinking occurs in the concrete operations period - a child;s awareness of knowing about one's own knowledge
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
Metacognition
Erikson stage three
Cognitive Development
13. Temporary support system to support child until task can be mastered alone
Metacognition
Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development
Scaffolding
How to help an abused child cope
14. ____ theorists agree that ____ activities serve a valuable function in the development of important ____ and ____ skills in children.
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
Some causes of child maltreatment
play - social - emotional
Characteristics of neglect
15. A learning disability characterized by substandard reading achievement due to the inability of the brain to process symbols; also known as a developmental reading disorder. Skip or reverse words. Confuses left and right reading.
1
basis of temperament
Dyslexia
Child's reaction to abuse
16. Occurs when children take existing schemes and adjust them to fit their experience piano/keyboard
Cognitive
Play therapy
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
Accomodation
17. Child becomes upset when caregiver leaves - is upset during absence
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
Piaget's Contributions
Functional play
Mixed temperaments
18. Language development; disagreed with Skinner about language acquisition - stated there is an infinite # of sentences in a language - humans have an inborn native ability to develop language
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
Noam Chomsky
Dyslexia
19. Child uses caregiver as secure base from which to explore environment - example - Child freely separates from parent to play
BMI (body mass index)
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Secure Attachment
20. Sensorimotor movements manipulating objects in order to receive pleasure - Begins during infancy - Involves repetition of behavior/muscle movement - Can be engaged in throughout life
Characteristics of sexual abuse
Functional play
Accomodation
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
21. Ages 4 to 10 in which children obey because they're parents tell them to and fear consequences - Kohlberg's stage of moral development in which rewards and punishments dominate moral thinking
Play therapy
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
Preconventional
Pretend or Imaginative play
22. Often during elementary school - Have rules - are competitive - pleasurable - Preschool games more about taking turns - Replace around age 12 by practice play and organized sports - Can be engaged in throughout life
Behavior modification
Bobo doll experiment
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
Games with Rules
23. The tendency of the child to focus on only one piece of information at a time while disregarding all others
3 essential elements of scaffolding
Centration
1
Erikson stage two
24. 1. Secure Attachment 2. Anxious - Resistant Attachment 3. Anxious - Avoidant Attachment 4. Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
Patterns of attachment
Erikson stage two
Mixed temperaments
25. Autonomy vs. Shame and doubt (1-3yrs) - virtue - Will - Central issue: Can I act on my own? toddler learns how to explore - experiment - make mistakes and test limits to gain self independence of self reliance -
Erikson stage two
Behavior modification
Conceptual - learning process
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
26. Vygotsky believed _____ is an essential aspect of cultural development and that _____ growth and language are _____ based
Its own sake
Language - cognitive - socially
Mental Retardation
Transducive reasoning
27. Birth defects - Premature birth - Low birth weight - Neurological disturbances - High startle rate - Learning disabilities - Slowed motor development
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development
Preconventional
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
28. Children observe adult repeatedly punching & knocking down inflated doll - Later - children imitated aggressive behavior in classroom
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
Bobo doll experiment
Rough - and - Tumble
Gardner's Multiple Intelligence
29. Difficulty paying attention - Easily distracted - Show hyperactivity - Become frustrated easily - Difficulty controlling muscle or motor activity (constantly moving) - Difficulty staying on task - succumbing to whatever attracts their attention - Sho
Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory
play - social - emotional
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
30. Child readily separates from parent - Actively avoids parent upon reunion
Erikson stage one
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
Growth and Development - Adolescence
31. 1. Teachers can use behavior modification in the classroom as a learning tool (altering the environment or situation to produce a more favorable outcome) 2. Teachers can reinforce positive behavior to produce subsequent desirable behaviors (e.g. - po
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Perceptual Motor Disability
Language Development
John Watson
32. Play is a social activity children engage in just for...
Preconventional
Play therapy
Its own sake
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
33. Ages 13 to adult in which morality is judged by abstract principles rather than existing rules that govern society and looking into oneself - Involves working out a personal code of ethics. Allows for the possibility of noncompliance with society's r
Postconventional
Games with Rules
Audtory Perceptural Disability
Effect of play
34. The child uses words and images to form mental representations to remember objects without being physically present
Piaget's Contributions
Preconventional
Symbolic function substage
Functional play
35. Developed with Physical structures to produce sounds - cognitive structures to produce thought process - and social structures to experience language through learning and practicing.
How to help an abused child cope
Noam Chomsky
Language Development
Centration
36. 7-11 years old - Many children grow about 2'/year
Schemas
Irreversibility
Rough and tumble play
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
37. 12: girls taller/boys weigh more - 13/14: boys taller & weigh more - 18: boys 4' taller 20 lbs heavier - Acceleration large motor physical strength in boys - Clumsy initially -- fast growth arms/legs - Quickly acquire ease of movement
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
Rough and tumble play
Characteristics of sexual abuse
Zone of proximal development
38. Mood - generally - Environment - Activity - Threshold for reacting to stimulation
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
Some causes of child maltreatment
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
basis of temperament
39. Most children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) show symptoms of both inattention and hyperactivity - but there are some children who are inattentive and do not show signs of hyperactivity; these children have Attention Deficit Dis
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
Diet - poor
Erikson stage two
Educational Implications of Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
40. Environmental agents that can cause abnormalities in a fetus - Prevent or modify normal cell division - Danger - thus - greatest during embryonic stage (2-8 weeks)
Zone of proximal development
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Kohlberg's three stages of moral development
41. Formation of: body parts - major organs
Moral Development or Morality
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Conventional
Metacognition
42. This is the ability of a child to arrange objects in logical progression
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
3 essential elements of scaffolding
Seriation
43. Refers to the match between a child's temperament and environmental demands the child must deal with
Goodness of fit
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
Social Development
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
44. The ability to draw conclusions about a relationship between two objects by knowing the relationship to a third object
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
Transitive Inference
Rough - and - Tumble
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
45. Easy (flexible) - Difficult (active or feisty) - Slow- to - warm - up (cautious)
1
Conventional
basic groups of temperament
Child's cognitive ability
46. A collective set of inborn traits that help to construct a child's approach to the world
Influences on Development
Moral Development or Morality
Temperament
Language - cognitive - socially
47. Temperament traits are _____ in development of _____ and way a child shows _____ responses.
Language Development
Dyslexia
Ivan Pavlov
Influential - personality - emotional
48. The infant uses the caregiver as the secure base to explore the environment
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
Inductive reasoning
Secure attachment
49. Infancy - Birth to 2 years - infants physical response to the immediate surroundings - Infants learn of their environments through sensation and movement. Egocentrism - infants are the center of their universe.
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
Kohlberg's three stages of moral development
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
50. Through repetition (and based upon the child's experience) - learning is predictable - Teachers can help children be successful by making their world more orderly and predictable - Teachers will recognize that a child's learned experiences can accou
Social Development
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine