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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2
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Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Initiative vs. Guilt (3-5 years - preschool years) - - As challenges occur - initiative is needed for purposeful behavior - responsibility for body - behavior - toys - pets - etc...The child may feel like anything he does may dissappoint people aroun
Erikson stage three
When assessing a child
Disorganized disoriented attachment
Classical conditioning
2. 1. Use of mediators for learning - A connection/intermediary between the child and that which is to be learned - E.g. - an adult or older child 2. Emphasis of language and shared activity for learning 3. Shared activity
Equilibrium
Goodness of fit
Categories of Abuse
3 essential elements of scaffolding
3. Think about thinking occurs in the concrete operations period - a child;s awareness of knowing about one's own knowledge
Stage 4- Formal operations period
Metacognition
Zone of proximal development
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
4. Mother's age - Birth complications for younger & older mothers - Mother's nutrition
Self - efficacy
begining of imagination
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
5. Trust vs. Mistrust - infancy to 1st year - Physical comfort - minimal fear and low apprehension about the future. Sets stage for life long expectation that world is good. The absence of trust can result in eaving the infant feeeling suspicious - guar
fat - sugar
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
Erikson stage one
Irreversibility
6. This is the ability of a child to arrange objects in logical progression
Seriation
basis of temperament
Object permanence
basic groups of temperament
7. Infant shows - Insecurity - Signs of being disoriented
Centration
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Patterns of attachment
8. Children transform symbols into make believe play also pretending
Erikson stage four
Bandura's beliefs
Pretend or Imaginative play
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
9. The distance between a child's actual performance and a child's potential performance
Perceptual Motor Disability
Symbolic function substage
Characteristics of sexual abuse
Zone of proximal development
10. The temporary support system from a teacher or older peer to support the child until the task can be mastered alone
Postconventional
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
Scaffolding
11. The purposeful process by which a person generates logical and coherent ideas - evaluates situations - and reaches conclusions.
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
Reasoning
Intelligence
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
12. While 1 or 2 symptoms do not necessarily mean a child is abused - some common signs are...
Its own sake
basis of temperament
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
Pretend or Imaginative play
13. Difficulty paying attention - Easily distracted - Show hyperactivity - Become frustrated easily - Difficulty controlling muscle or motor activity (constantly moving) - Difficulty staying on task - succumbing to whatever attracts their attention - Sho
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
Pretend or Imaginative play
14. Most children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) show symptoms of both inattention and hyperactivity - but there are some children who are inattentive and do not show signs of hyperactivity; these children have Attention Deficit Dis
Audtory Perceptural Disability
Centration
Dyslexia
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
15. Refers to children believing that non - living objects have lifelike qualities
Characteristics of sexual abuse
Animism
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
Value of shared activity?
16. Tag - chase - wrestling - Begins about the end of early childhood - Most popular during middle childhood
Rough - and - Tumble
Some causes of child maltreatment
Temperament
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
17. WISC. IQ test designed for school - age children. Test assesses potential in many areas - including vocabulary - knowledge - memory - spatial comprehension
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - IQ Test
How to help an abused child cope
Functional play
Growth and Development - Adolescence
18. Through repetition (and based upon the child's experience) - learning is predictable - Teachers can help children be successful by making their world more orderly and predictable - Teachers will recognize that a child's learned experiences can accou
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
basic groups of temperament
Goodness of fit
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
19. Children with a perceptual - motor disability have difficult with coordination and may often appear clumsy or disoriented - Sometimes their hands are in constant motion and may get in the way of their activity
Perceptual Motor Disability
Conventional
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
begining of imagination
20. Drawing conclusions from specific examples to make a general conclusion - even when the conclusion is not accurate
Influences on Development
Seriation
Inductive reasoning
types of play
21. Language development; disagreed with Skinner about language acquisition - stated there is an infinite # of sentences in a language - humans have an inborn native ability to develop language
Transducive reasoning
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
Noam Chomsky
Some causes of child maltreatment
22. Involves a given set of rules and declines around age 12 usually replaced with organized sports
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
Inductive reasoning
Games with rules play
23. According to the Individuals with disabilities Act or IDEA all children with disabilities are guaranteed a free - appropriate publec education.
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
When assessing a child
Casual Reasoning
24. ndustry vs. Inferiority (6 years - puberty) - Mastering knowledge and intellectual skills - enthusiastic about learning - imagination - Inferiority if feelings of incompetence and unproductiveness arise. If inferiority out weights industry - low self
Influences on Development
Disorganized disoriented attachment
Erikson stage four
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
25. Allow the student to sit behind others so that the student won't disturb others - and teach the student to tap his pencil on a sleeve or leg instead of the table
Kohlberg's three stages of moral development
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
Educational Implications of Moral Development
Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development
26. Vygotsky - Every function in a child's cultural development appears twice -- when?
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
Language Development
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
27. Birth to 2 years old - Grow faster in this period than any other
Reasoning
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
Growth and Development - Infancy
28. Middle childhood - 7 to 11 years - mastery of conservation the child begins to think logically - (7-11 yrs) Children understand conservation - less egocentrism - understand hierarchal classification - can focus on multiple aspects at a time. Children
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
play - social - emotional
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Rough and tumble play
29. Children in the US consume excess ____ and ____.
Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory
Zone of proximal development
fat - sugar
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
30. Young children cannot differentiate between their own perspectives and feelings and someone elses
Games with Rules
Piaget's Contributions
Egocentrism
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
31. Easy (flexible) - Difficult (active or feisty) - Slow- to - warm - up (cautious)
basic groups of temperament
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
Effect of play
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
32. Early childhood - 2 to 7 years - Egocentric focus on symbolic thought and imagination - This stage lasts from about two to seven years of age. During this stage - children get better at symbolic thought - but they can't yet reason. According to Piage
Rough and tumble play
Stage 2- Preoperational period
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
33. Child uses caregiver as secure base from which to explore environment - example - Child freely separates from parent to play
Animism
Bobo doll experiment
Bandura's beliefs
Secure Attachment
34. Recognition that objects and events continue to exist even when they are not visible
Object permanence
Assimilation
Scaffolding
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
35. Much of what we know about how children think feel and respond to the world come from him. His theory states that children predictable and orderly stages of cognitive development and at each stage they form a new way to operate and adapt to the world
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36. Improves physical strength & coordination - If successful then self - esteem can be highly boosted via approval of peers
Some causes of child maltreatment
Characteristics of sexual abuse
Accomodation
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
37. A collective set of inborn traits that help to construct a child's approach to the world
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Temperament
38. Educational Implications of Language Development: Teachers must be aware that the process of language development is multifaceted - including...
Games with rules play
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
Symbolic function substage
Patterns of attachment
39. Vygotsky believed _____ is an essential aspect of cultural development and that _____ growth and language are _____ based
Irreversibility
When assessing a child
Piaget's Contributions
Language - cognitive - socially
40. Preconventional - conventional - postconventional
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41. The infant readily separates from the caregiver and actively avoids the parent upon return
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
Transitive Inference
Characteristics of physical abuse
Anxious avoidant attachment
42. Mood - generally - Environment - Activity - Threshold for reacting to stimulation
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
Noam Chomsky
basis of temperament
Disorganized disoriented attachment
43. 1. Functional 2. Constructive 3. Pretend or Imaginative 4. Rough - and - Tumble 5. Games with Rules
Operant conditioning
types of play
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
begining of imagination
44. Development is motivated by the search for a stable balance toward effective adaptations
Erikson stage three
Equilibrium
Classical conditioning
Behavior modification
45. Stresses importance of advancing learning via observing & modeling the: behaviors - attitudes - emotional reactions of others
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46. The ability to draw conclusions about a relationship between two objects by knowing the relationship to a third object
Secure attachment
Transitive Inference
Erikson stage one
Stage 2- Preoperational period
47. Secure attachment is fundamental to a child's ability to emotionally and biologically self - regulate
Effect of play
Erikson stage three
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
48. Children who don't fall into an easy/difficult/cautious category have...
Accomodation
Mixed temperaments
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Erikson stage three
49. At about 18 months
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
Kohlberg's three stages of moral development
begining of imagination
50. Infancy - Birth to 2 years - infants physical response to the immediate surroundings - Infants learn of their environments through sensation and movement. Egocentrism - infants are the center of their universe.
begining of imagination
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
Metacognition
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens