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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2
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Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Formation of: body parts - major organs
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Reasoning
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
2. Developed with Physical structures to produce sounds - cognitive structures to produce thought process - and social structures to experience language through learning and practicing.
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
Language Development
Erikson stage two
Cognitive Development
3. Children transform symbols into make believe play also pretending
Intelligence
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
Stage 2- Preoperational period
Pretend or Imaginative play
4. Considerable interest in - Struggle with eating disorders possible
When assessing a child
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
Conventional
Perceptual Motor Disability
5. Children make errors in their thinking because they cannot understand that an operation moves in more than one direction
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
Rough and tumble play
Irreversibility
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
6. Educational Implications of Language Development: Teachers must be aware that the process of language development is multifaceted - including...
types of play
Stage 2- Preoperational period
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
Moral Development or Morality
7. Through repetition (and based upon the child's experience) - learning is predictable - Teachers can help children be successful by making their world more orderly and predictable - Teachers will recognize that a child's learned experiences can accou
Scaffolding
Moral Development or Morality
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
8. Modern descendent of the first successful intelligence test that measures general intelligence and four factors verbal reasoning - quantitative reasoning - spatial reasoning - and short - term memory.
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
Games with rules play
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
B.F. Skinner
9. Infant shows - Insecurity - Signs of being disoriented
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Object permanence
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
10. The way children incorporate new information with existing schemes in order to form a new cognitive structure - fitting the new knowledge into a template of existing schemes
Assimilation
Teachers
Equilibrium
Bobo doll experiment
11. Hard of Hearing. Appear lost or confused.
Secure Attachment
Audtory Perceptural Disability
Casual Reasoning
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
12. Children are not equipped: physically - emotionally - socially - compared to adult caregivers
Growth and Development - Adolescence
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
Why teachers must familiar with signs and symptoms of child abuse
13. Poor hygiene - E.g. - soiled clothes - dirty hair - body odor - Poor nutrition - E.g. - excessive hunger - weight loss
Influences on Development
Dyslexia
Characteristics of neglect
Secure Attachment
14. Child readily separates from parent - Actively avoids parent upon reunion
Stage 4- Formal operations period
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
Accomodation
Centration
15. Strongly improves child's problem - solving abilities - E.g. reading buddies
Value of shared activity?
Rough and tumble play
Scaffolding
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
16. Come from both heredity and environment. Many typical changes during childhood are related to maturation. Individual differences tend to increase with age
Influences on Development
Growth and Development - Adolescence
Anxious avoidant attachment
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
17. An internalized set of rules influencing the feelings - thoughts and behavior of an individual in deciding what is right and wrong.
Moral Development or Morality
Characteristics of sexual abuse
Centration
Pretend or Imaginative play
18. Refers to the match between a child's temperament and environmental demands the child must deal with
Object permanence
Animism
Postconventional
Goodness of fit
19. Drawing conclusions from specific examples to make a general conclusion - even when the conclusion is not accurate
Teachers
Transitive Inference
Inductive reasoning
Animism
20. Initiative vs. Guilt (3-5 years - preschool years) - - As challenges occur - initiative is needed for purposeful behavior - responsibility for body - behavior - toys - pets - etc...The child may feel like anything he does may dissappoint people aroun
Characteristics of sexual abuse
Erikson stage three
Object permanence
begining of imagination
21. Child becomes upset when caregiver leaves - is upset during absence
basic groups of temperament
Preconventional
Dyslexia
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
22. Sternberg's theory that intelligence consists of analytical intelligence - creative intelligence - and practical intelligence
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Anxious resistant attachment
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
basis of temperament
23. Altering the environment or situation to produce a more favorable outcome
Temperament
Behavior modification
Symbolic function substage
Constructive play
24. Middle childhood - 7 to 11 years - mastery of conservation the child begins to think logically - (7-11 yrs) Children understand conservation - less egocentrism - understand hierarchal classification - can focus on multiple aspects at a time. Children
Audtory Perceptural Disability
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
Influences on Development
Erikson stage one
25. The distance between a child's actual performance and a child's potential performance
Why teachers must familiar with signs and symptoms of child abuse
Educational Implications of Moral Development
Language - cognitive - socially
Zone of proximal development
26. Easy (flexible) - Difficult (active or feisty) - Slow- to - warm - up (cautious)
Secure Attachment
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
Bandura's beliefs
basic groups of temperament
27. Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - ______________ are mandated reporters of child abuse
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
Some causes of child maltreatment
Anger - sadness
Teachers
28. Development is motivated by the search for a stable balance toward effective adaptations
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
Mixed temperaments
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
Equilibrium
29. Improves physical strength & coordination - If successful then self - esteem can be highly boosted via approval of peers
Stage 2- Preoperational period
Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
Conventional
30. While 1 or 2 symptoms do not necessarily mean a child is abused - some common signs are...
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
B.F. Skinner
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
Object permanence
31. The infant readily separates from the caregiver and actively avoids the parent upon return
Anxious avoidant attachment
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Educational Implications of Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
begining of imagination
32. Children imitate behavior through: socialization - by learning gender roles - by self - reinforcement - by self - efficacy - and - via other aspects of personality
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33. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. he is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
basis of temperament
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
B.F. Skinner
34. The child uses words and images to form mental representations to remember objects without being physically present
Categories of Abuse
Symbolic function substage
begining of imagination
Disorganized disoriented attachment
35. 1. Use of mediators for learning - A connection/intermediary between the child and that which is to be learned - E.g. - an adult or older child 2. Emphasis of language and shared activity for learning 3. Shared activity
Child's reaction to abuse
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
Rough - and - Tumble
3 essential elements of scaffolding
36. Trust vs. Mistrust - infancy to 1st year - Physical comfort - minimal fear and low apprehension about the future. Sets stage for life long expectation that world is good. The absence of trust can result in eaving the infant feeeling suspicious - guar
Erikson stage five
Preconventional
Erikson stage one
Secure Attachment
37. Allow the student to sit behind others so that the student won't disturb others - and teach the student to tap his pencil on a sleeve or leg instead of the table
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
Scaffolding
Preconventional
Play therapy
38. Formulating a specific hypothesis from any given general theory - what might be
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
Functional play
39. Behaviorism; emphasis on external behaviors of people and their reactions on a given situation; famous for Little Albert study in which baby was taught to fear a white rat
Effect of play
John Watson
Stage 4- Formal operations period
Object permanence
40. A learning disability characterized by substandard reading achievement due to the inability of the brain to process symbols; also known as a developmental reading disorder. Skip or reverse words. Confuses left and right reading.
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
Rough and tumble play
Dyslexia
Cognitive
41. Children with a perceptual - motor disability have difficult with coordination and may often appear clumsy or disoriented - Sometimes their hands are in constant motion and may get in the way of their activity
Centration
Conceptual - learning process
Secure attachment
Perceptual Motor Disability
42. Involves a given set of rules and declines around age 12 usually replaced with organized sports
Anxious avoidant attachment
Noam Chomsky
Games with rules play
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
43. 1. release physical energy 2. gain mastery over their bodies 3. acquire new motor skills 4. form better relationships among peers 5. try out new social rules 6. advance cognitive development 7. practice and explore new competencies
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
Secure Attachment
Effect of play
44. Boys/girls about same weight/height - Girls growing only slightly slower than boys
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Transducive reasoning
45. Children believe that their thoughts can cause actions whether or not the experiences have a casual relationship - when I move the clouds move - god moves - sun moves - wind currents move
Casual Reasoning
Irreversibility
Pretend or Imaginative play
Goodness of fit
46. 1. Child is physically injured by other than accidental means 2. child is subjected to willful cruelty or unjustifiable punishment 3. child is abused or exploited sexually 4. child is neglected by a parent or caretaker who fails to provide adequate f
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
Noam Chomsky
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
47. Identity vs. Identity Confusion (10-20 years - adolescence) - Finding out who they are - what they are all about - where they are going in life. - Confronted with new roles and adult statuses (vocational and romantic) - Identity confusion occurs when
Functional play
Equilibrium
Erikson stage five
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
48. Using objects to make something - Combines sensorimotor movements and creation/construction of something - Toddlers & preschoolers
Language Development
Egocentrism
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Constructive play
49. Vygotsky believed _____ is an essential aspect of cultural development and that _____ growth and language are _____ based
Language - cognitive - socially
Intelligence
Conceptual - learning process
Kohlberg's three stages of moral development
50. 1. Teachers can use behavior modification in the classroom as a learning tool (altering the environment or situation to produce a more favorable outcome) 2. Teachers can reinforce positive behavior to produce subsequent desirable behaviors (e.g. - po
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
1
Ivan Pavlov
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning