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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2
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Subjects
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cset
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teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Language development; disagreed with Skinner about language acquisition - stated there is an infinite # of sentences in a language - humans have an inborn native ability to develop language
Noam Chomsky
Patterns of attachment
Child's cognitive ability
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
2. Match between a child's temperament and environment or demands on child - Ex: quiet child in boisterous family - Ex: active child in scholarly family >
Goodness of fit
Scaffolding
Games with rules play
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
3. Poor hygiene - E.g. - soiled clothes - dirty hair - body odor - Poor nutrition - E.g. - excessive hunger - weight loss
Characteristics of neglect
Zone of proximal development
Categories of Abuse
Effect of play
4. Children mentally connect specific experiences whether or not there is a logical casual relationship
Goodness of fit
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
Transducive reasoning
Anger - sadness
5. The ability to draw conclusions about a relationship between two objects by knowing the relationship to a third object
Pretend or Imaginative play
Transitive Inference
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
Operant conditioning
6. Children actively construct their knowledge through society
Audtory Perceptural Disability
Stage 4- Formal operations period
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - IQ Test
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
7. Behaviorism; emphasis on external behaviors of people and their reactions on a given situation; famous for Little Albert study in which baby was taught to fear a white rat
John Watson
Intelligence
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
8. Altering the environment or situation to produce a more favorable outcome
Behavior modification
Rough - and - Tumble
Object permanence
Characteristics of neglect
9. 12-18 years old - Puberty - Growth spurts and concomitant clumsiness
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
Operant conditioning
Erikson stage five
Growth and Development - Adolescence
10. Piaget suggested that a child's mind seeks a ________________. At each stage - children form a new way to operate and adapt to the world.
State of equilibrium
Bobo doll experiment
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
Animism
11. Children with a perceptual - motor disability have difficult with coordination and may often appear clumsy or disoriented - Sometimes their hands are in constant motion and may get in the way of their activity
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Effect of play
Perceptual Motor Disability
12. Through repetition (and based upon the child's experience) - learning is predictable - Teachers can help children be successful by making their world more orderly and predictable - Teachers will recognize that a child's learned experiences can accou
Stage 4- Formal operations period
Operant conditioning
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
Goodness of fit
13. Environmental agents that can cause abnormalities in a fetus - Prevent or modify normal cell division - Danger - thus - greatest during embryonic stage (2-8 weeks)
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Gardner's Multiple Intelligence
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
14. The temporary support system from a teacher or older peer to support the child until the task can be mastered alone
Pretend or Imaginative play
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
Scaffolding
15. 1. Provides an alternative to behavior theorists' belief that children are merely passive learners. Children actively move through operational stages.
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16. Children observe adult repeatedly punching & knocking down inflated doll - Later - children imitated aggressive behavior in classroom
Bobo doll experiment
Irreversibility
Accomodation
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
17. Formation of: body parts - major organs
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Operant conditioning
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
Animism
18. 1. release physical energy 2. gain mastery over their bodies 3. acquire new motor skills 4. form better relationships among peers 5. try out new social rules 6. advance cognitive development 7. practice and explore new competencies
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
fat - sugar
Effect of play
Piaget's Contributions
19. Development is motivated by the search for a stable balance toward effective adaptations
Equilibrium
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
Why teachers must familiar with signs and symptoms of child abuse
Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory
20. ____ theorists agree that ____ activities serve a valuable function in the development of important ____ and ____ skills in children.
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
play - social - emotional
Rough - and - Tumble
Bobo doll experiment
21. Personality develops through a series of conflicts that are influenced by society. Eight Stages of age specific crisis we pass through in order to create an equilibrium between our self and society. Turning Points.
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22. Strongly improves child's problem - solving abilities - E.g. reading buddies
Functional play
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - IQ Test
Value of shared activity?
Pretend or Imaginative play
23. Birth defects - Premature birth - Low birth weight - Neurological disturbances - High startle rate - Learning disabilities - Slowed motor development
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
Intelligence
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
24. Allow them to work through whatever range of feelings they have
Why teachers must familiar with signs and symptoms of child abuse
How to help an abused child cope
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
Stage 4- Formal operations period
25. 1. Secure Attachment 2. Anxious - Resistant Attachment 3. Anxious - Avoidant Attachment 4. Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Anxious resistant attachment
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
basis of temperament
Patterns of attachment
26. The infant shows insecurity and signs of being disoriented
Seriation
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
When assessing a child
Disorganized disoriented attachment
27. Bruises - Sores - Burns & Child's vague or reluctant response about where they originated
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Kohlberg's three stages of moral development
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
Characteristics of physical abuse
28. Condition of significantly sub - average intelligence combined with deficiencies in adaptive behavior; implies an inability to perform at least some of the ordinary tasks of daily living skills; IQ of 0-70 in categories of mild - moderate - severe -
Intelligence
Erikson stage five
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Mental Retardation
29. Tag - chasing - wrestling
Patterns of attachment
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
Rough and tumble play
basic groups of temperament
30. An internalized set of rules influencing the feelings - thoughts and behavior of an individual in deciding what is right and wrong.
Its own sake
Moral Development or Morality
Games with Rules
Anxious resistant attachment
31. Young children cannot differentiate between their own perspectives and feelings and someone elses
Transitive Inference
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
Egocentrism
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - IQ Test
32. A conceptual tool that allows a child to recognize that when altering the appearance of an object the basic properties do not change
Conservation
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Influences on Development
basis of temperament
33. 1. Teachers can use behavior modification in the classroom as a learning tool (altering the environment or situation to produce a more favorable outcome) 2. Teachers can reinforce positive behavior to produce subsequent desirable behaviors (e.g. - po
B.F. Skinner
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
types of play
Moral Development or Morality
34. Infancy - Birth to 2 years - infants physical response to the immediate surroundings - Infants learn of their environments through sensation and movement. Egocentrism - infants are the center of their universe.
Scaffolding
Language - cognitive - socially
Bobo doll experiment
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
35. Refers to children believing that non - living objects have lifelike qualities
1
Egocentrism
Inductive reasoning
Animism
36. 1. Physical Abuse 2. Physical Neglect 3. Sexual Abuse 4. Emotional Maltreatment
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
Categories of Abuse
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
Erikson stage two
37. A successful childhood counseling treatment b/c it allows children to feel less threatened while working out conflicts and expressing their unresolved feelings
B.F. Skinner
Play therapy
Stage 2- Preoperational period
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
38. Children are not equipped: physically - emotionally - socially - compared to adult caregivers
Erikson stage four
BMI (body mass index)
Why teachers must familiar with signs and symptoms of child abuse
Operant conditioning
39. Sensorimotor movements manipulating objects in order to receive pleasure - Begins during infancy - Involves repetition of behavior/muscle movement - Can be engaged in throughout life
Functional play
Centration
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
How to help an abused child cope
40. Lack of parenting skills - Economic stressors - Lack of education - Repetition of generational family abuse
Some causes of child maltreatment
Egocentrism
Moral Development or Morality
Educational Implications of Moral Development
41. Allow the student to sit behind others so that the student won't disturb others - and teach the student to tap his pencil on a sleeve or leg instead of the table
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
Characteristics of neglect
When assessing a child
42. Early childhood - 2 to 7 years - Egocentric focus on symbolic thought and imagination - This stage lasts from about two to seven years of age. During this stage - children get better at symbolic thought - but they can't yet reason. According to Piage
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Postconventional
Stage 2- Preoperational period
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
43. Mental retardation via FAS - FAS: Fetal Alcohol Syndrome - Low birth weight - Unusual facial characteristics
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
Erikson stage one
Why teachers must familiar with signs and symptoms of child abuse
Scaffolding
44. Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - ______________ are mandated reporters of child abuse
Teachers
Characteristics of neglect
Games with rules play
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
45. Most children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) show symptoms of both inattention and hyperactivity - but there are some children who are inattentive and do not show signs of hyperactivity; these children have Attention Deficit Dis
Secure attachment
Animism
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
46. Stresses importance of advancing learning via observing & modeling the: behaviors - attitudes - emotional reactions of others
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47. 1. Use of mediators for learning - A connection/intermediary between the child and that which is to be learned - E.g. - an adult or older child 2. Emphasis of language and shared activity for learning 3. Shared activity
Cognitive Development
Erikson stage one
3 essential elements of scaffolding
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
48. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. he is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a
B.F. Skinner
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
49. The infant becomes anxious before the caregiver leaves and is upset during their absence
Effect of play
Zone of proximal development
Anxious resistant attachment
Patterns of attachment
50. Be consistent and write down predictable outlines - schedules - and deadlines - Demonstrate and model appropriate behavior - giving positive reinforcement - Talk slowly - making eye contact when possible - and keep conversations brief - Keep peripher
Influences on Development
Social Development
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
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