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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2
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Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Children believe that their thoughts can cause actions whether or not the experiences have a casual relationship - when I move the clouds move - god moves - sun moves - wind currents move
Characteristics of physical abuse
Constructive play
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
Casual Reasoning
2. Child readily separates from parent - Actively avoids parent upon reunion
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
Categories of Abuse
Temperament
Functional play
3. Boys/girls about same weight/height - Girls growing only slightly slower than boys
Characteristics of neglect
Functional play
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
Erikson stage three
4. Children mentally connect specific experiences whether or not there is a logical casual relationship
basis of temperament
Some causes of child maltreatment
Games with rules play
Transducive reasoning
5. Behaviorism; emphasis on external behaviors of people and their reactions on a given situation; famous for Little Albert study in which baby was taught to fear a white rat
play - social - emotional
John Watson
BMI (body mass index)
Language Development
6. Trust vs. Mistrust - infancy to 1st year - Physical comfort - minimal fear and low apprehension about the future. Sets stage for life long expectation that world is good. The absence of trust can result in eaving the infant feeeling suspicious - guar
How to help an abused child cope
Educational Implications of Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
Irreversibility
Erikson stage one
7. Birth defects - Premature birth - Low birth weight - Neurological disturbances - High startle rate - Learning disabilities - Slowed motor development
types of play
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
Piaget's Contributions
8. 1. Teachers must recognize that children internalize what is right and wrong based upon their basic values and sense of self. 2. Teachers must recognize the sequential foundation upon which higher moral principles are based. 3. Teachers must recogniz
Mental Retardation
Pretend or Imaginative play
Influences on Development
Educational Implications of Moral Development
9. The distance between a child's actual performance and a child's potential performance
basic groups of temperament
Zone of proximal development
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
types of play
10. Refers to children believing that non - living objects have lifelike qualities
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
Animism
Games with Rules
Erikson stage four
11. Children imitate behavior through: socialization - by learning gender roles - by self - reinforcement - by self - efficacy - and - via other aspects of personality
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12. Environmental agents that can cause abnormalities in a fetus - Prevent or modify normal cell division - Danger - thus - greatest during embryonic stage (2-8 weeks)
How to help an abused child cope
Growth and Development - Adolescence
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
13. Formulating a specific hypothesis from any given general theory - what might be
Pretend or Imaginative play
Assimilation
Influential - personality - emotional
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
14. Children respond automatically since they have formed an association between a stimulus and the response
Classical conditioning
When assessing a child
Metacognition
Erikson stage five
15. Think about thinking occurs in the concrete operations period - a child;s awareness of knowing about one's own knowledge
Pretend or Imaginative play
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
Metacognition
Functional play
16. Come from both heredity and environment. Many typical changes during childhood are related to maturation. Individual differences tend to increase with age
Influences on Development
Noam Chomsky
play - social - emotional
State of equilibrium
17. The purposeful process by which a person generates logical and coherent ideas - evaluates situations - and reaches conclusions.
Centration
Inductive reasoning
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
Reasoning
18. Much of what we know about how children think feel and respond to the world come from him. His theory states that children predictable and orderly stages of cognitive development and at each stage they form a new way to operate and adapt to the world
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19. Using objects to make something - Combines sensorimotor movements and creation/construction of something - Toddlers & preschoolers
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
Constructive play
20. Initiative vs. Guilt (3-5 years - preschool years) - - As challenges occur - initiative is needed for purposeful behavior - responsibility for body - behavior - toys - pets - etc...The child may feel like anything he does may dissappoint people aroun
Seriation
Erikson stage three
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
Operant conditioning
21. Tag - chasing - wrestling
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - IQ Test
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
Rough and tumble play
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
22. A successful childhood counseling treatment b/c it allows children to feel less threatened while working out conflicts and expressing their unresolved feelings
Cognitive Development
Transitive Inference
Play therapy
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
23. Vygotsky - Every function in a child's cultural development appears twice -- when?
Influences on Development
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
24. An internalized set of rules influencing the feelings - thoughts and behavior of an individual in deciding what is right and wrong.
Influential - personality - emotional
Moral Development or Morality
State of equilibrium
Functional play
25. Language development; disagreed with Skinner about language acquisition - stated there is an infinite # of sentences in a language - humans have an inborn native ability to develop language
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
Object permanence
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
Noam Chomsky
26. Child becomes upset when caregiver leaves - is upset during absence
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
Stage 2- Preoperational period
Operant conditioning
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
27. Be consistent and write down predictable outlines - schedules - and deadlines - Demonstrate and model appropriate behavior - giving positive reinforcement - Talk slowly - making eye contact when possible - and keep conversations brief - Keep peripher
Diet - poor
Characteristics of physical abuse
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
Irreversibility
28. Occurs when children take existing schemes and adjust them to fit their experience piano/keyboard
Accomodation
Moral Development or Morality
Animism
Goodness of fit
29. Sensorimotor - preoperational - concrete operations - formal operations
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30. Transformation of symbols into make - believe play - Pretending helps to build a child's imagination - Imagination boundless at this time - Preschool years
Secure Attachment
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
Pretend or Imaginative play
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
31. 12-18 years old - Puberty - Growth spurts and concomitant clumsiness
Mental Retardation
Functional play
Self - efficacy
Growth and Development - Adolescence
32. 1. Physical Abuse 2. Physical Neglect 3. Sexual Abuse 4. Emotional Maltreatment
Piaget's Contributions
Categories of Abuse
Mental Retardation
Language Development
33. Piaget quantified the __________________ - suggesting that there are predictable and orderly developmental accomplishments. Children can be tested at each stage to verify their level of cognitive understanding.
Conceptual - learning process
Bobo doll experiment
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
Pretend or Imaginative play
34. Children learn from operating in the environment
B.F. Skinner
Accomodation
Operant conditioning
Equilibrium
35. Secure attachment is fundamental to a child's ability to emotionally and biologically self - regulate
Social Development
Educational Implications of Moral Development
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
36. Play is critical to _____ advancement in children
Cognitive
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
State of equilibrium
Perceptual Motor Disability
37. WISC. IQ test designed for school - age children. Test assesses potential in many areas - including vocabulary - knowledge - memory - spatial comprehension
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - IQ Test
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
Games with Rules
Temperament
38. Match between a child's temperament and environment or demands on child - Ex: quiet child in boisterous family - Ex: active child in scholarly family >
Goodness of fit
Anxious avoidant attachment
Postconventional
Irreversibility
39. Child uses caregiver as secure base from which to explore environment - example - Child freely separates from parent to play
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
basis of temperament
Anger - sadness
Secure Attachment
40. Tag - chase - wrestling - Begins about the end of early childhood - Most popular during middle childhood
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
Categories of Abuse
Noam Chomsky
Rough - and - Tumble
41. Ages 10 -13 in which children are more concerned about the opinions of their peers. Second level of Kohlberg's stages of moral development in which the child's behavior is governed by conforming to the society's norms of behavior
Characteristics of physical abuse
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Anger - sadness
Conventional
42. Children actively construct their knowledge through society
Rough - and - Tumble
Stage 2- Preoperational period
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
fat - sugar
43. A study found that children could be described with 9 characteristics they then grouped into 3
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
Conventional
Cognitive
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
44. Strongly improves child's problem - solving abilities - E.g. reading buddies
Value of shared activity?
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
Its own sake
Animism
45. Mental retardation via FAS - FAS: Fetal Alcohol Syndrome - Low birth weight - Unusual facial characteristics
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
Casual Reasoning
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
46. 1. Teachers can use behavior modification in the classroom as a learning tool (altering the environment or situation to produce a more favorable outcome) 2. Teachers can reinforce positive behavior to produce subsequent desirable behaviors (e.g. - po
Language - cognitive - socially
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
47. Young children cannot differentiate between their own perspectives and feelings and someone elses
John Watson
Egocentrism
Stage 4- Formal operations period
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
48. Sternberg's theory that intelligence consists of analytical intelligence - creative intelligence - and practical intelligence
Functional play
Functional play
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
Object permanence
49. Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - ______________ are mandated reporters of child abuse
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
Teachers
Growth and Development - Infancy
Dyslexia
50. Bruises - Sores - Burns & Child's vague or reluctant response about where they originated
1
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
Disorganized disoriented attachment
Characteristics of physical abuse