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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2
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Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. This is the ability of a child to arrange objects in logical progression
Seriation
Effect of play
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
Influences on Development
2. 1. Use of mediators for learning - A connection/intermediary between the child and that which is to be learned - E.g. - an adult or older child 2. Emphasis of language and shared activity for learning 3. Shared activity
Scaffolding
3 essential elements of scaffolding
Scaffolding
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
3. Children transform symbols into make believe play also pretending
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development
Pretend or Imaginative play
4. Children actively construct their knowledge through society
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Behavior modification
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
5. Development is motivated by the search for a stable balance toward effective adaptations
Characteristics of neglect
Equilibrium
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
6. Remember Zone of Proximal Development - what can they do on their own - what can they do with help
Erikson stage one
Postconventional
When assessing a child
3 essential elements of scaffolding
7. Toddlers and preschoolers use objects to make something
Constructive play
Moral Development or Morality
Reasoning
Perceptual Motor Disability
8. Children with a perceptual - motor disability have difficult with coordination and may often appear clumsy or disoriented - Sometimes their hands are in constant motion and may get in the way of their activity
Pretend or Imaginative play
Piaget's Contributions
Perceptual Motor Disability
Categories of Abuse
9. Come from both heredity and environment. Many typical changes during childhood are related to maturation. Individual differences tend to increase with age
Influences on Development
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
Classical conditioning
Mixed temperaments
10. The temporary support system from a teacher or older peer to support the child until the task can be mastered alone
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
Centration
Scaffolding
Classical conditioning
11. Match between a child's temperament and environment or demands on child - Ex: quiet child in boisterous family - Ex: active child in scholarly family >
Cognitive
Conservation
Mixed temperaments
Goodness of fit
12. Ages 10 -13 in which children are more concerned about the opinions of their peers. Second level of Kohlberg's stages of moral development in which the child's behavior is governed by conforming to the society's norms of behavior
Conventional
Assimilation
Classical conditioning
Stage 2- Preoperational period
13. 1. Child is physically injured by other than accidental means 2. child is subjected to willful cruelty or unjustifiable punishment 3. child is abused or exploited sexually 4. child is neglected by a parent or caretaker who fails to provide adequate f
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
Schemas
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
14. Lack of parenting skills - Economic stressors - Lack of education - Repetition of generational family abuse
Rough and tumble play
Noam Chomsky
Some causes of child maltreatment
Scaffolding
15. The infant readily separates from the caregiver and actively avoids the parent upon return
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Patterns of attachment
BMI (body mass index)
Anxious avoidant attachment
16. Child becomes upset when caregiver leaves - is upset during absence
Temperament
Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development
Schemas
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
17. While 1 or 2 symptoms do not necessarily mean a child is abused - some common signs are...
Operant conditioning
Educational Implications of Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
Growth and Development - Adolescence
18. Sternberg's theory that intelligence consists of analytical intelligence - creative intelligence - and practical intelligence
Bobo doll experiment
Goodness of fit
types of play
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
19. A learning disability characterized by substandard reading achievement due to the inability of the brain to process symbols; also known as a developmental reading disorder. Skip or reverse words. Confuses left and right reading.
Conservation
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
Dyslexia
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
20. By understanding Piaget's stages of cognitive development - teachers can avoid presenting material in the classroom that is beyond the...
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21. A conceptual tool that allows a child to recognize that when altering the appearance of an object the basic properties do not change
Operant conditioning
Conservation
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
1
22. Easy (flexible) - Difficult (active or feisty) - Slow- to - warm - up (cautious)
Goodness of fit
basic groups of temperament
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
Temperament
23. Ages 4 to 10 in which children obey because they're parents tell them to and fear consequences - Kohlberg's stage of moral development in which rewards and punishments dominate moral thinking
1
Games with Rules
Preconventional
basis of temperament
24. Infancy - Birth to 2 years - infants physical response to the immediate surroundings - Infants learn of their environments through sensation and movement. Egocentrism - infants are the center of their universe.
Goodness of fit
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
25. Allow the student to sit behind others so that the student won't disturb others - and teach the student to tap his pencil on a sleeve or leg instead of the table
Noam Chomsky
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
Operant conditioning
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
26. The way children incorporate new information with existing schemes in order to form a new cognitive structure - fitting the new knowledge into a template of existing schemes
Assimilation
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
Educational Implications of Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
27. Children mentally connect specific experiences whether or not there is a logical casual relationship
Erikson stage four
Transducive reasoning
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Postconventional
28. Initiative vs. Guilt (3-5 years - preschool years) - - As challenges occur - initiative is needed for purposeful behavior - responsibility for body - behavior - toys - pets - etc...The child may feel like anything he does may dissappoint people aroun
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
Erikson stage three
Games with Rules
Goodness of fit
29. Children in the US consume excess ____ and ____.
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
fat - sugar
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
30. The infant shows insecurity and signs of being disoriented
Self - efficacy
Disorganized disoriented attachment
Constructive play
Mixed temperaments
31. An internalized set of rules influencing the feelings - thoughts and behavior of an individual in deciding what is right and wrong.
Moral Development or Morality
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
Educational Implications of Moral Development
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
32. Personality develops through a series of conflicts that are influenced by society. Eight Stages of age specific crisis we pass through in order to create an equilibrium between our self and society. Turning Points.
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33. By 10-12 girls/boys same height/weight - Vast differences gross fine motor skills - Boys' leg/arm muscle coordination stronger - Run faster; jump - catch - throw - kick farther - Girls: stronger fine motor skills - More coordinated hand - manipulatio
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
3 essential elements of scaffolding
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
Behavior modification
34. Mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience - solve problems - and use knowledge to adapt to new situations Traditional IQ - Gardners's Multiple Intelligence and Sternberg's Triarchic Theory of Intelligence.
Intelligence
Temperament
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
Disorganized disoriented attachment
35. WISC. IQ test designed for school - age children. Test assesses potential in many areas - including vocabulary - knowledge - memory - spatial comprehension
John Watson
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - IQ Test
Functional play
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
36. Strongly improves child's problem - solving abilities - E.g. reading buddies
State of equilibrium
Value of shared activity?
Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory
Conventional
37. Allow them to work through whatever range of feelings they have
Effect of play
How to help an abused child cope
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
Constructive play
38. Birth to 2 years old - Grow faster in this period than any other
Mixed temperaments
Growth and Development - Infancy
State of equilibrium
Functional play
39. Hard of Hearing. Appear lost or confused.
Audtory Perceptural Disability
Object permanence
Equilibrium
Preconventional
40. Environmental agents that can cause abnormalities in a fetus - Prevent or modify normal cell division - Danger - thus - greatest during embryonic stage (2-8 weeks)
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Scaffolding
Mixed temperaments
Some causes of child maltreatment
41. A study found that children could be described with 9 characteristics they then grouped into 3
Educational Implications of Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
Egocentrism
Inductive reasoning
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
42. Temperament traits are _____ in development of _____ and way a child shows _____ responses.
Behavior modification
Influential - personality - emotional
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
43. Sensorimotor movements manipulating objects in order to receive pleasure - Begins during infancy - Involves repetition of behavior/muscle movement - Can be engaged in throughout life
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Functional play
Object permanence
State of equilibrium
44. Alcohol - Nicotine - Drugs
Bandura's beliefs
Secure attachment
Effect of play
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
45. 1. Functional 2. Constructive 3. Pretend or Imaginative 4. Rough - and - Tumble 5. Games with Rules
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
types of play
Diet - poor
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
46. Young children cannot differentiate between their own perspectives and feelings and someone elses
Egocentrism
Teachers
Educational Implications of Moral Development
Goodness of fit
47. Language development; disagreed with Skinner about language acquisition - stated there is an infinite # of sentences in a language - humans have an inborn native ability to develop language
Conservation
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
fat - sugar
Noam Chomsky
48. Children make errors in their thinking because they cannot understand that an operation moves in more than one direction
Irreversibility
Inductive reasoning
When assessing a child
Transducive reasoning
49. ndustry vs. Inferiority (6 years - puberty) - Mastering knowledge and intellectual skills - enthusiastic about learning - imagination - Inferiority if feelings of incompetence and unproductiveness arise. If inferiority out weights industry - low self
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
Erikson stage four
Cognitive Development
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
50. Piaget quantified the __________________ - suggesting that there are predictable and orderly developmental accomplishments. Children can be tested at each stage to verify their level of cognitive understanding.
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
1
Constructive play
Conceptual - learning process