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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Secure attachment is fundamental to a child's ability to emotionally and biologically self - regulate
types of play
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
Its own sake
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
2. Children imitate behavior through: socialization - by learning gender roles - by self - reinforcement - by self - efficacy - and - via other aspects of personality
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3. Children learn from operating in the environment
Operant conditioning
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
Bobo doll experiment
Its own sake
4. Temperament traits are _____ in development of _____ and way a child shows _____ responses.
Influential - personality - emotional
Seriation
Symbolic function substage
Object permanence
5. Bruises - Sores - Burns & Child's vague or reluctant response about where they originated
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
Characteristics of physical abuse
Goodness of fit
6. Tag - chase - wrestling - Begins about the end of early childhood - Most popular during middle childhood
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
Teachers
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Rough - and - Tumble
7. Children observe adult repeatedly punching & knocking down inflated doll - Later - children imitated aggressive behavior in classroom
Bobo doll experiment
Stage 2- Preoperational period
Erikson stage one
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
8. The infant becomes anxious before the caregiver leaves and is upset during their absence
Growth and Development - Adolescence
Anxious resistant attachment
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
Piaget's Contributions
9. Improves physical strength & coordination - If successful then self - esteem can be highly boosted via approval of peers
Its own sake
Categories of Abuse
play - social - emotional
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
10. Girls more fatty tissue than boys - Boys more muscle tissue - Height/weight about same - just distributed differently - Boys might tend to be slightly taller/heavier
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
Its own sake
Operant conditioning
11. 2-6 years old - Much of baby fat disappears as arms/legs grow longer - Pot belly disappears - internal organs no longer growing faster than body cavity - Decrease in weight is attributed to - walking - fatty tissues start growing at slower rate
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development
Its own sake
Goodness of fit
12. While 1 or 2 symptoms do not necessarily mean a child is abused - some common signs are...
Zone of proximal development
Pretend or Imaginative play
basis of temperament
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
13. The way children incorporate new information with existing schemes in order to form a new cognitive structure - fitting the new knowledge into a template of existing schemes
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
Influences on Development
Assimilation
14. 8 intelligences - intelligence and talent are two different things. Eight intelligences are linguistic - musical - logical - mathematical - spatial - bodily - kinesthetic - interpersonal - naturalistic - existential
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15. Environmental agents that can cause abnormalities in a fetus - Prevent or modify normal cell division - Danger - thus - greatest during embryonic stage (2-8 weeks)
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - IQ Test
Behavior modification
Patterns of attachment
16. Educational Implications of Language Development: Teachers must be aware that the process of language development is multifaceted - including...
Educational Implications of Moral Development
Preconventional
Operant conditioning
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
17. Child readily separates from parent - Actively avoids parent upon reunion
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
Moral Development or Morality
Games with Rules
18. Transformation of symbols into make - believe play - Pretending helps to build a child's imagination - Imagination boundless at this time - Preschool years
Transducive reasoning
Anger - sadness
Pretend or Imaginative play
Erikson stage two
19. The 4th of Piaget's periods: beginning from 11 years. Form of intelligence in which higher level mental operations make possible logical reasoning with respect to abstract and hypothetical events and not merely concrete objects. Hypothetical Deductiv
Constructive play
Stage 4- Formal operations period
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
20. 7-11 years old - Many children grow about 2'/year
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
Piaget's Contributions
Influences on Development
Language - cognitive - socially
21. The purposeful process by which a person generates logical and coherent ideas - evaluates situations - and reaches conclusions.
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
fat - sugar
Irreversibility
Reasoning
22. Mental structure in which childrens knowledge is ordered into
Constructive play
Growth and Development - Infancy
Schemas
Social Development
23. Mental retardation via FAS - FAS: Fetal Alcohol Syndrome - Low birth weight - Unusual facial characteristics
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
3 essential elements of scaffolding
Centration
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
24. Infancy - Birth to 2 years - infants physical response to the immediate surroundings - Infants learn of their environments through sensation and movement. Egocentrism - infants are the center of their universe.
Audtory Perceptural Disability
Functional play
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
25. Children respond automatically since they have formed an association between a stimulus and the response
Classical conditioning
Functional play
Games with rules play
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
26. Sensorimotor - preoperational - concrete operations - formal operations
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27. Drawing conclusions from specific examples to make a general conclusion - even when the conclusion is not accurate
Play therapy
Inductive reasoning
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
28. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning through the salvation of dogs on the ringing of a bell.
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
Ivan Pavlov
Egocentrism
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
29. Miscarriage - Low birth weight - Poor respiratory functioning
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
Pretend or Imaginative play
30. 1. Teachers can use behavior modification in the classroom as a learning tool (altering the environment or situation to produce a more favorable outcome) 2. Teachers can reinforce positive behavior to produce subsequent desirable behaviors (e.g. - po
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
BMI (body mass index)
Mixed temperaments
Erikson stage three
31. Infant shows - Insecurity - Signs of being disoriented
Operant conditioning
Its own sake
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Diet - poor
32. 12-18 years old - Puberty - Growth spurts and concomitant clumsiness
Cognitive
Characteristics of sexual abuse
Growth and Development - Adolescence
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
33. Ages 4 to 10 in which children obey because they're parents tell them to and fear consequences - Kohlberg's stage of moral development in which rewards and punishments dominate moral thinking
Preconventional
Centration
Egocentrism
Equilibrium
34. Age - inappropriate sexual behavior or knowledge - Difficulty walking or sitting - Sudden onset of wetting or inflicted self - harm
Characteristics of sexual abuse
Influences on Development
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
35. Piaget quantified the __________________ - suggesting that there are predictable and orderly developmental accomplishments. Children can be tested at each stage to verify their level of cognitive understanding.
Child's cognitive ability
Teachers
Erikson stage three
Conceptual - learning process
36. Hard of Hearing. Appear lost or confused.
Audtory Perceptural Disability
Conventional
Behavior modification
Value of shared activity?
37. Children with a perceptual - motor disability have difficult with coordination and may often appear clumsy or disoriented - Sometimes their hands are in constant motion and may get in the way of their activity
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
basic groups of temperament
Perceptual Motor Disability
Erikson stage three
38. Play is a social activity children engage in just for...
Preconventional
Metacognition
Its own sake
Rough and tumble play
39. Difficulty paying attention - Easily distracted - Show hyperactivity - Become frustrated easily - Difficulty controlling muscle or motor activity (constantly moving) - Difficulty staying on task - succumbing to whatever attracts their attention - Sho
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
Moral Development or Morality
40. Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - ______________ are mandated reporters of child abuse
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
Teachers
Zone of proximal development
Rough - and - Tumble
41. Behaviorism; emphasis on external behaviors of people and their reactions on a given situation; famous for Little Albert study in which baby was taught to fear a white rat
Assimilation
Cognitive Development
John Watson
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
42. Ages 10 -13 in which children are more concerned about the opinions of their peers. Second level of Kohlberg's stages of moral development in which the child's behavior is governed by conforming to the society's norms of behavior
Conservation
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
Seriation
Conventional
43. Development is motivated by the search for a stable balance toward effective adaptations
Gardner's Multiple Intelligence
Centration
Temperament
Equilibrium
44. Initiative vs. Guilt (3-5 years - preschool years) - - As challenges occur - initiative is needed for purposeful behavior - responsibility for body - behavior - toys - pets - etc...The child may feel like anything he does may dissappoint people aroun
Language - cognitive - socially
Diet - poor
Erikson stage three
Effect of play
45. 1. Physical Abuse 2. Physical Neglect 3. Sexual Abuse 4. Emotional Maltreatment
Social Development
Value of shared activity?
Play therapy
Categories of Abuse
46. Refers to the match between a child's temperament and environmental demands the child must deal with
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
Gardner's Multiple Intelligence
Goodness of fit
47. 1. release physical energy 2. gain mastery over their bodies 3. acquire new motor skills 4. form better relationships among peers 5. try out new social rules 6. advance cognitive development 7. practice and explore new competencies
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
Rough and tumble play
Effect of play
Perceptual Motor Disability
48. 1. Provides an alternative to behavior theorists' belief that children are merely passive learners. Children actively move through operational stages.
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49. Easy (flexible) - Difficult (active or feisty) - Slow- to - warm - up (cautious)
Egocentrism
Educational Implications of Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
basic groups of temperament
Behavior modification
50. The distance between a child's actual performance and a child's potential performance
Classical conditioning
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
Zone of proximal development
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities