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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Involves a given set of rules and declines around age 12 usually replaced with organized sports
Games with rules play
How to help an abused child cope
Classical conditioning
Growth and Development - Adolescence
2. Using objects to make something - Combines sensorimotor movements and creation/construction of something - Toddlers & preschoolers
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
Constructive play
Patterns of attachment
Temperament
3. ____ theorists agree that ____ activities serve a valuable function in the development of important ____ and ____ skills in children.
play - social - emotional
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
Mental Retardation
Piaget's Contributions
4. A collective set of inborn traits that help to construct a child's approach to the world
Operant conditioning
Audtory Perceptural Disability
Temperament
basic groups of temperament
5. Be consistent and write down predictable outlines - schedules - and deadlines - Demonstrate and model appropriate behavior - giving positive reinforcement - Talk slowly - making eye contact when possible - and keep conversations brief - Keep peripher
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
Assimilation
Value of shared activity?
Object permanence
6. Child uses caregiver as secure base from which to explore environment - example - Child freely separates from parent to play
Dyslexia
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
When assessing a child
Secure Attachment
7. Improves physical strength & coordination - If successful then self - esteem can be highly boosted via approval of peers
B.F. Skinner
Erikson stage three
types of play
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
8. 12-18 years old - Puberty - Growth spurts and concomitant clumsiness
Growth and Development - Adolescence
Pretend or Imaginative play
types of play
basis of temperament
9. Poor hygiene - E.g. - soiled clothes - dirty hair - body odor - Poor nutrition - E.g. - excessive hunger - weight loss
Transitive Inference
Casual Reasoning
Characteristics of neglect
Mental Retardation
10. Easy (flexible) - Difficult (active or feisty) - Slow- to - warm - up (cautious)
basic groups of temperament
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Educational Implications of Moral Development
3 essential elements of scaffolding
11. Sensorimotor movements manipulating objects in order to receive pleasure - Begins during infancy - Involves repetition of behavior/muscle movement - Can be engaged in throughout life
John Watson
Casual Reasoning
Functional play
Influential - personality - emotional
12. Estimates indicate ___% of children in US follow all the dietary guidelines.
Accomodation
Conventional
1
Social Development
13. Through repetition (and based upon the child's experience) - learning is predictable - Teachers can help children be successful by making their world more orderly and predictable - Teachers will recognize that a child's learned experiences can accou
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
Egocentrism
14. Children observe adult repeatedly punching & knocking down inflated doll - Later - children imitated aggressive behavior in classroom
John Watson
Bobo doll experiment
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
When assessing a child
15. Tag - chase - wrestling - Begins about the end of early childhood - Most popular during middle childhood
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
Growth and Development - Adolescence
Rough - and - Tumble
Some causes of child maltreatment
16. Vygotsky believed _____ is an essential aspect of cultural development and that _____ growth and language are _____ based
Behavior modification
Language Development
Value of shared activity?
Language - cognitive - socially
17. 1. Functional 2. Constructive 3. Pretend or Imaginative 4. Rough - and - Tumble 5. Games with Rules
fat - sugar
Animism
Intelligence
types of play
18. Development is motivated by the search for a stable balance toward effective adaptations
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
Equilibrium
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
basis of temperament
19. Alcohol - Nicotine - Drugs
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
Conceptual - learning process
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
Stage 4- Formal operations period
20. Condition of significantly sub - average intelligence combined with deficiencies in adaptive behavior; implies an inability to perform at least some of the ordinary tasks of daily living skills; IQ of 0-70 in categories of mild - moderate - severe -
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Conservation
Mental Retardation
Kohlberg's three stages of moral development
21. Mood - generally - Environment - Activity - Threshold for reacting to stimulation
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
Scaffolding
basis of temperament
Influential - personality - emotional
22. Educational Implications of Language Development: Teachers must be aware that the process of language development is multifaceted - including...
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
Stage 2- Preoperational period
basic groups of temperament
Patterns of attachment
23. 1. Secure Attachment 2. Anxious - Resistant Attachment 3. Anxious - Avoidant Attachment 4. Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Patterns of attachment
Rough - and - Tumble
Constructive play
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
24. Children in the US consume excess ____ and ____.
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
Conceptual - learning process
fat - sugar
Zone of proximal development
25. 8 intelligences - intelligence and talent are two different things. Eight intelligences are linguistic - musical - logical - mathematical - spatial - bodily - kinesthetic - interpersonal - naturalistic - existential
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26. Good way to evaluate child's body fat is to review their...
Temperament
BMI (body mass index)
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Characteristics of sexual abuse
27. Sternberg's theory that intelligence consists of analytical intelligence - creative intelligence - and practical intelligence
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Casual Reasoning
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
28. Children learn from operating in the environment
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
Operant conditioning
Self - efficacy
Anger - sadness
29. Birth defects - Premature birth - Low birth weight - Neurological disturbances - High startle rate - Learning disabilities - Slowed motor development
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
Some causes of child maltreatment
Games with Rules
30. Infant shows - Insecurity - Signs of being disoriented
Bobo doll experiment
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
31. Drawing conclusions from specific examples to make a general conclusion - even when the conclusion is not accurate
Mental Retardation
Inductive reasoning
John Watson
Growth and Development - Adolescence
32. Most children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) show symptoms of both inattention and hyperactivity - but there are some children who are inattentive and do not show signs of hyperactivity; these children have Attention Deficit Dis
Child's reaction to abuse
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
Play therapy
Cognitive
33. Environmental agents that can cause abnormalities in a fetus - Prevent or modify normal cell division - Danger - thus - greatest during embryonic stage (2-8 weeks)
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Perceptual Motor Disability
Cognitive
34. Difficulty paying attention - Easily distracted - Show hyperactivity - Become frustrated easily - Difficulty controlling muscle or motor activity (constantly moving) - Difficulty staying on task - succumbing to whatever attracts their attention - Sho
Intelligence
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
Why teachers must familiar with signs and symptoms of child abuse
Pretend or Imaginative play
35. Transformations in a child's thought - language - and intelligence. Theories: 1. Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development 2. Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Development 3. Multi - theoretical perspectives of language - intelligence - and children with spe
Cognitive Development
Play therapy
1
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
36. Mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience - solve problems - and use knowledge to adapt to new situations Traditional IQ - Gardners's Multiple Intelligence and Sternberg's Triarchic Theory of Intelligence.
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
Intelligence
Dyslexia
Casual Reasoning
37. Hard of Hearing. Appear lost or confused.
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
Audtory Perceptural Disability
Stage 4- Formal operations period
Games with Rules
38. Autonomy vs. Shame and doubt (1-3yrs) - virtue - Will - Central issue: Can I act on my own? toddler learns how to explore - experiment - make mistakes and test limits to gain self independence of self reliance -
Classical conditioning
Erikson stage two
Growth and Development - Adolescence
Assimilation
39. The tendency of the child to focus on only one piece of information at a time while disregarding all others
Object permanence
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
Characteristics of neglect
Centration
40. Ages 13 to adult in which morality is judged by abstract principles rather than existing rules that govern society and looking into oneself - Involves working out a personal code of ethics. Allows for the possibility of noncompliance with society's r
Mental Retardation
Postconventional
Some causes of child maltreatment
Bobo doll experiment
41. Lack of parenting skills - Economic stressors - Lack of education - Repetition of generational family abuse
Some causes of child maltreatment
Categories of Abuse
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - IQ Test
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
42. The way children incorporate new information with existing schemes in order to form a new cognitive structure - fitting the new knowledge into a template of existing schemes
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
Characteristics of neglect
Assimilation
43. Early childhood - 2 to 7 years - Egocentric focus on symbolic thought and imagination - This stage lasts from about two to seven years of age. During this stage - children get better at symbolic thought - but they can't yet reason. According to Piage
basis of temperament
Cognitive
Stage 2- Preoperational period
Object permanence
44. Preconventional - conventional - postconventional
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45. Much of what we know about how children think feel and respond to the world come from him. His theory states that children predictable and orderly stages of cognitive development and at each stage they form a new way to operate and adapt to the world
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46. At about 18 months
Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development
Influences on Development
begining of imagination
Why teachers must familiar with signs and symptoms of child abuse
47. A learning disability characterized by substandard reading achievement due to the inability of the brain to process symbols; also known as a developmental reading disorder. Skip or reverse words. Confuses left and right reading.
Dyslexia
Egocentrism
Ivan Pavlov
Games with rules play
48. Often during elementary school - Have rules - are competitive - pleasurable - Preschool games more about taking turns - Replace around age 12 by practice play and organized sports - Can be engaged in throughout life
Inductive reasoning
Zone of proximal development
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Games with Rules
49. Mental structure in which childrens knowledge is ordered into
Schemas
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
50. Strongly improves child's problem - solving abilities - E.g. reading buddies
Zone of proximal development
Value of shared activity?
Goodness of fit
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood