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CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2
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Subjects
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cset
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teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Children learn from operating in the environment
Operant conditioning
Erikson stage two
Why teachers must familiar with signs and symptoms of child abuse
Diet - poor
2. 1. Secure Attachment 2. Anxious - Resistant Attachment 3. Anxious - Avoidant Attachment 4. Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
Behavior modification
Patterns of attachment
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
3. Mother's age - Birth complications for younger & older mothers - Mother's nutrition
Centration
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
B.F. Skinner
Pretend or Imaginative play
4. Birth to 2 years old - Grow faster in this period than any other
Growth and Development - Infancy
fat - sugar
Self - efficacy
Constructive play
5. According to the Individuals with disabilities Act or IDEA all children with disabilities are guaranteed a free - appropriate publec education.
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
Assimilation
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
Postconventional
6. Estimates indicate ___% of children in US follow all the dietary guidelines.
Cognitive Development
1
Educational Implications of Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
Categories of Abuse
7. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning through the salvation of dogs on the ringing of a bell.
Ivan Pavlov
Audtory Perceptural Disability
Patterns of attachment
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
8. Vygotsky believed _____ is an essential aspect of cultural development and that _____ growth and language are _____ based
Goodness of fit
Language - cognitive - socially
Gardner's Multiple Intelligence
Scaffolding
9. Children mentally connect specific experiences whether or not there is a logical casual relationship
Centration
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
Piaget's Contributions
Transducive reasoning
10. Child uses caregiver as secure base from which to explore environment - example - Child freely separates from parent to play
Classical conditioning
Secure Attachment
Patterns of attachment
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
11. The child uses words and images to form mental representations to remember objects without being physically present
Anxious avoidant attachment
BMI (body mass index)
Functional play
Symbolic function substage
12. Language development; disagreed with Skinner about language acquisition - stated there is an infinite # of sentences in a language - humans have an inborn native ability to develop language
Noam Chomsky
Postconventional
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - IQ Test
Erikson stage four
13. 8 intelligences - intelligence and talent are two different things. Eight intelligences are linguistic - musical - logical - mathematical - spatial - bodily - kinesthetic - interpersonal - naturalistic - existential
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14. Play is a social activity children engage in just for...
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Teachers
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
Its own sake
15. Children believe that their thoughts can cause actions whether or not the experiences have a casual relationship - when I move the clouds move - god moves - sun moves - wind currents move
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
Goodness of fit
Influences on Development
Casual Reasoning
16. Refers to children believing that non - living objects have lifelike qualities
Piaget's Contributions
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
Animism
Zone of proximal development
17. The infant becomes anxious before the caregiver leaves and is upset during their absence
Anxious resistant attachment
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
Educational Implications of Moral Development
Cognitive Development
18. Children in the US consume excess ____ and ____.
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
Moral Development or Morality
Child's reaction to abuse
fat - sugar
19. Through repetition (and based upon the child's experience) - learning is predictable - Teachers can help children be successful by making their world more orderly and predictable - Teachers will recognize that a child's learned experiences can accou
Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
Assimilation
Patterns of attachment
20. Refers to the match between a child's temperament and environmental demands the child must deal with
Erikson stage one
Operant conditioning
Goodness of fit
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
21. The tendency of the child to focus on only one piece of information at a time while disregarding all others
Games with rules play
Erikson stage four
Centration
Constructive play
22. Mood - generally - Environment - Activity - Threshold for reacting to stimulation
Symbolic function substage
basis of temperament
Constructive play
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
23. Often during elementary school - Have rules - are competitive - pleasurable - Preschool games more about taking turns - Replace around age 12 by practice play and organized sports - Can be engaged in throughout life
Games with Rules
Child's cognitive ability
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
Constructive play
24. Match between a child's temperament and environment or demands on child - Ex: quiet child in boisterous family - Ex: active child in scholarly family >
Piaget's Contributions
B.F. Skinner
Goodness of fit
Equilibrium
25. Mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience - solve problems - and use knowledge to adapt to new situations Traditional IQ - Gardners's Multiple Intelligence and Sternberg's Triarchic Theory of Intelligence.
basic groups of temperament
Erikson stage three
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
Intelligence
26. Varies greatly depending upon these factors: 1. The child 2. The experience 3. Its frequency 4. What is done about it
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27. Initiative vs. Guilt (3-5 years - preschool years) - - As challenges occur - initiative is needed for purposeful behavior - responsibility for body - behavior - toys - pets - etc...The child may feel like anything he does may dissappoint people aroun
Growth and Development - Adolescence
Educational Implications of Moral Development
Erikson stage three
Constructive play
28. Miscarriage - Low birth weight - Poor respiratory functioning
Mental Retardation
Some causes of child maltreatment
Constructive play
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
29. Mental structure in which childrens knowledge is ordered into
begining of imagination
Scaffolding
Dyslexia
Schemas
30. Child becomes upset when caregiver leaves - is upset during absence
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
Mixed temperaments
Social Development
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
31. 1. release physical energy 2. gain mastery over their bodies 3. acquire new motor skills 4. form better relationships among peers 5. try out new social rules 6. advance cognitive development 7. practice and explore new competencies
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Effect of play
When assessing a child
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
32. A study found that children could be described with 9 characteristics they then grouped into 3
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
BMI (body mass index)
Preconventional
Functional play
33. Tag - chase - wrestling - Begins about the end of early childhood - Most popular during middle childhood
Its own sake
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
Categories of Abuse
Rough - and - Tumble
34. Developed with Physical structures to produce sounds - cognitive structures to produce thought process - and social structures to experience language through learning and practicing.
Language Development
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Temperament
Effect of play
35. Altering the environment or situation to produce a more favorable outcome
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
Centration
Behavior modification
Some causes of child maltreatment
36. Using objects to make something - Combines sensorimotor movements and creation/construction of something - Toddlers & preschoolers
Erikson stage four
Constructive play
Mental Retardation
basic groups of temperament
37. Ages 10 -13 in which children are more concerned about the opinions of their peers. Second level of Kohlberg's stages of moral development in which the child's behavior is governed by conforming to the society's norms of behavior
Conventional
basic groups of temperament
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
38. Recognition that objects and events continue to exist even when they are not visible
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
Language - cognitive - socially
Object permanence
B.F. Skinner
39. Children observe adult repeatedly punching & knocking down inflated doll - Later - children imitated aggressive behavior in classroom
Bobo doll experiment
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
Secure Attachment
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
40. The way children incorporate new information with existing schemes in order to form a new cognitive structure - fitting the new knowledge into a template of existing schemes
Mental Retardation
fat - sugar
Pretend or Imaginative play
Assimilation
41. Modern descendent of the first successful intelligence test that measures general intelligence and four factors verbal reasoning - quantitative reasoning - spatial reasoning - and short - term memory.
Symbolic function substage
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
Social Development
Cognitive Development
42. Tag - chasing - wrestling
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
Rough and tumble play
Conceptual - learning process
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
43. Trust vs. Mistrust - infancy to 1st year - Physical comfort - minimal fear and low apprehension about the future. Sets stage for life long expectation that world is good. The absence of trust can result in eaving the infant feeeling suspicious - guar
Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development
Conventional
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
Erikson stage one
44. Ages 13 to adult in which morality is judged by abstract principles rather than existing rules that govern society and looking into oneself - Involves working out a personal code of ethics. Allows for the possibility of noncompliance with society's r
Postconventional
fat - sugar
Language - cognitive - socially
Functional play
45. Ages 4 to 10 in which children obey because they're parents tell them to and fear consequences - Kohlberg's stage of moral development in which rewards and punishments dominate moral thinking
Child's reaction to abuse
Educational Implications of Moral Development
Goodness of fit
Preconventional
46. The 4th of Piaget's periods: beginning from 11 years. Form of intelligence in which higher level mental operations make possible logical reasoning with respect to abstract and hypothetical events and not merely concrete objects. Hypothetical Deductiv
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
Characteristics of sexual abuse
Stage 4- Formal operations period
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
47. The distance between a child's actual performance and a child's potential performance
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
Perceptual Motor Disability
Zone of proximal development
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
48. Children who don't fall into an easy/difficult/cautious category have...
Moral Development or Morality
Erikson stage five
Goodness of fit
Mixed temperaments
49. Bruises - Sores - Burns & Child's vague or reluctant response about where they originated
Irreversibility
Stage 4- Formal operations period
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
Characteristics of physical abuse
50. Much of what we know about how children think feel and respond to the world come from him. His theory states that children predictable and orderly stages of cognitive development and at each stage they form a new way to operate and adapt to the world
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