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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2
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Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Varies greatly depending upon these factors: 1. The child 2. The experience 3. Its frequency 4. What is done about it
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2. Often during elementary school - Have rules - are competitive - pleasurable - Preschool games more about taking turns - Replace around age 12 by practice play and organized sports - Can be engaged in throughout life
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
Erikson stage five
Behavior modification
Games with Rules
3. Children learn from operating in the environment
Operant conditioning
play - social - emotional
Metacognition
Constructive play
4. Developed with Physical structures to produce sounds - cognitive structures to produce thought process - and social structures to experience language through learning and practicing.
Dyslexia
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
Cognitive
Language Development
5. Birth to 2 years old - Grow faster in this period than any other
Growth and Development - Infancy
play - social - emotional
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
Noam Chomsky
6. ndustry vs. Inferiority (6 years - puberty) - Mastering knowledge and intellectual skills - enthusiastic about learning - imagination - Inferiority if feelings of incompetence and unproductiveness arise. If inferiority out weights industry - low self
Zone of proximal development
John Watson
Erikson stage four
Equilibrium
7. Mental structure in which childrens knowledge is ordered into
Schemas
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
Language - cognitive - socially
types of play
8. Children believe that their thoughts can cause actions whether or not the experiences have a casual relationship - when I move the clouds move - god moves - sun moves - wind currents move
Piaget's Contributions
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
Behavior modification
Casual Reasoning
9. Piaget suggested that a child's mind seeks a ________________. At each stage - children form a new way to operate and adapt to the world.
State of equilibrium
Conventional
Constructive play
Goodness of fit
10. Easy (flexible) - Difficult (active or feisty) - Slow- to - warm - up (cautious)
basic groups of temperament
Equilibrium
fat - sugar
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
11. Infancy - Birth to 2 years - infants physical response to the immediate surroundings - Infants learn of their environments through sensation and movement. Egocentrism - infants are the center of their universe.
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
Equilibrium
12. Recognition that objects and events continue to exist even when they are not visible
fat - sugar
Object permanence
Stage 4- Formal operations period
Goodness of fit
13. Birth defects - Premature birth - Low birth weight - Neurological disturbances - High startle rate - Learning disabilities - Slowed motor development
Scaffolding
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
Moral Development or Morality
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
14. Tag - chasing - wrestling
Kohlberg's three stages of moral development
Rough and tumble play
Functional play
basic groups of temperament
15. Environmental agents that can cause abnormalities in a fetus - Prevent or modify normal cell division - Danger - thus - greatest during embryonic stage (2-8 weeks)
How to help an abused child cope
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Classical conditioning
Schemas
16. Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - ______________ are mandated reporters of child abuse
Teachers
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
Constructive play
17. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning through the salvation of dogs on the ringing of a bell.
Constructive play
Cognitive
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
Ivan Pavlov
18. Early childhood - 2 to 7 years - Egocentric focus on symbolic thought and imagination - This stage lasts from about two to seven years of age. During this stage - children get better at symbolic thought - but they can't yet reason. According to Piage
BMI (body mass index)
Language Development
Stage 2- Preoperational period
Gardner's Multiple Intelligence
19. Through repetition (and based upon the child's experience) - learning is predictable - Teachers can help children be successful by making their world more orderly and predictable - Teachers will recognize that a child's learned experiences can accou
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
Effect of play
Transitive Inference
Rough - and - Tumble
20. Temperament traits are _____ in development of _____ and way a child shows _____ responses.
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
Influential - personality - emotional
Erikson stage five
21. Piaget quantified the __________________ - suggesting that there are predictable and orderly developmental accomplishments. Children can be tested at each stage to verify their level of cognitive understanding.
Transducive reasoning
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
Temperament
Conceptual - learning process
22. Boys/girls about same weight/height - Girls growing only slightly slower than boys
Reasoning
Characteristics of physical abuse
Gardner's Multiple Intelligence
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
23. Young children cannot differentiate between their own perspectives and feelings and someone elses
Some causes of child maltreatment
Schemas
3 essential elements of scaffolding
Egocentrism
24. Allow them to work through whatever range of feelings they have
Anxious avoidant attachment
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
Educational Implications of Moral Development
How to help an abused child cope
25. Belief in the ability to do things on one's own
Accomodation
Self - efficacy
Piaget's Contributions
Egocentrism
26. Vygotsky - Every function in a child's cultural development appears twice -- when?
Secure attachment
Functional play
Influential - personality - emotional
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
27. Based on what can be observed and learned through experience in the child's environment. Learning behavior theories: Ivan Pavlov's and John Watson's classical conditioning B.F. Skinner's operant conditioning. Social theories in understanding child de
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
Social Development
Temperament
Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development
28. A successful childhood counseling treatment b/c it allows children to feel less threatened while working out conflicts and expressing their unresolved feelings
Accomodation
Play therapy
Schemas
Cognitive
29. ____ theorists agree that ____ activities serve a valuable function in the development of important ____ and ____ skills in children.
Rough - and - Tumble
play - social - emotional
Teachers
Temperament
30. Child becomes upset when caregiver leaves - is upset during absence
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
Behavior modification
Value of shared activity?
Cognitive Development
31. Remember Zone of Proximal Development - what can they do on their own - what can they do with help
When assessing a child
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Kohlberg's three stages of moral development
Symbolic function substage
32. Development is motivated by the search for a stable balance toward effective adaptations
Teachers
Postconventional
Play therapy
Equilibrium
33. Allow the student to sit behind others so that the student won't disturb others - and teach the student to tap his pencil on a sleeve or leg instead of the table
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
Diet - poor
basic groups of temperament
Object permanence
34. Using objects to make something - Combines sensorimotor movements and creation/construction of something - Toddlers & preschoolers
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
Dyslexia
Stage 2- Preoperational period
Constructive play
35. Children observe adult repeatedly punching & knocking down inflated doll - Later - children imitated aggressive behavior in classroom
Anxious avoidant attachment
Dyslexia
Bobo doll experiment
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
36. 1. Functional 2. Constructive 3. Pretend or Imaginative 4. Rough - and - Tumble 5. Games with Rules
Animism
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development
types of play
37. Much of what we know about how children think feel and respond to the world come from him. His theory states that children predictable and orderly stages of cognitive development and at each stage they form a new way to operate and adapt to the world
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38. While 1 or 2 symptoms do not necessarily mean a child is abused - some common signs are...
Child's cognitive ability
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
Rough and tumble play
basis of temperament
39. Involves a given set of rules and declines around age 12 usually replaced with organized sports
Games with rules play
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
40. 1. Physical Abuse 2. Physical Neglect 3. Sexual Abuse 4. Emotional Maltreatment
Games with rules play
Categories of Abuse
Mixed temperaments
begining of imagination
41. Mood - generally - Environment - Activity - Threshold for reacting to stimulation
Goodness of fit
How to help an abused child cope
basis of temperament
Constructive play
42. 1. Teachers can use behavior modification in the classroom as a learning tool (altering the environment or situation to produce a more favorable outcome) 2. Teachers can reinforce positive behavior to produce subsequent desirable behaviors (e.g. - po
1
Goodness of fit
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Postconventional
43. The way children incorporate new information with existing schemes in order to form a new cognitive structure - fitting the new knowledge into a template of existing schemes
Some causes of child maltreatment
Accomodation
Preconventional
Assimilation
44. Come from both heredity and environment. Many typical changes during childhood are related to maturation. Individual differences tend to increase with age
Egocentrism
Anxious avoidant attachment
Influences on Development
Secure Attachment
45. Be consistent and write down predictable outlines - schedules - and deadlines - Demonstrate and model appropriate behavior - giving positive reinforcement - Talk slowly - making eye contact when possible - and keep conversations brief - Keep peripher
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
Mixed temperaments
Behavior modification
Animism
46. Children are not equipped: physically - emotionally - socially - compared to adult caregivers
Its own sake
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
Why teachers must familiar with signs and symptoms of child abuse
Classical conditioning
47. The purposeful process by which a person generates logical and coherent ideas - evaluates situations - and reaches conclusions.
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
Goodness of fit
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
Reasoning
48. Altering the environment or situation to produce a more favorable outcome
Behavior modification
Games with Rules
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Object permanence
49. 1. Secure Attachment 2. Anxious - Resistant Attachment 3. Anxious - Avoidant Attachment 4. Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Patterns of attachment
Its own sake
Anxious resistant attachment
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - IQ Test
50. Transformation of symbols into make - believe play - Pretending helps to build a child's imagination - Imagination boundless at this time - Preschool years
Disorganized disoriented attachment
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Pretend or Imaginative play