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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Infancy - Birth to 2 years - infants physical response to the immediate surroundings - Infants learn of their environments through sensation and movement. Egocentrism - infants are the center of their universe.
Conventional
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
Stage 2- Preoperational period
BMI (body mass index)
2. Home environment influences much of a child's _____. Diets of minority families and socioeconomically deprived children are especially ____.
Diet - poor
Metacognition
Seriation
Games with Rules
3. This is the ability of a child to arrange objects in logical progression
Accomodation
Patterns of attachment
Seriation
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
4. Toddlers and preschoolers use objects to make something
Constructive play
Erikson stage four
Secure attachment
Symbolic function substage
5. Environmental agents that can cause abnormalities in a fetus - Prevent or modify normal cell division - Danger - thus - greatest during embryonic stage (2-8 weeks)
Cognitive Development
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
fat - sugar
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
6. 12: girls taller/boys weigh more - 13/14: boys taller & weigh more - 18: boys 4' taller 20 lbs heavier - Acceleration large motor physical strength in boys - Clumsy initially -- fast growth arms/legs - Quickly acquire ease of movement
Some causes of child maltreatment
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
Diet - poor
7. Birth to 2 years old - Grow faster in this period than any other
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Constructive play
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
Growth and Development - Infancy
8. 1. Functional 2. Constructive 3. Pretend or Imaginative 4. Rough - and - Tumble 5. Games with Rules
types of play
Operant conditioning
B.F. Skinner
Inductive reasoning
9. The purposeful process by which a person generates logical and coherent ideas - evaluates situations - and reaches conclusions.
Noam Chomsky
Reasoning
Classical conditioning
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
10. Temporary support system to support child until task can be mastered alone
Schemas
Dyslexia
Scaffolding
Noam Chomsky
11. Ages 10 -13 in which children are more concerned about the opinions of their peers. Second level of Kohlberg's stages of moral development in which the child's behavior is governed by conforming to the society's norms of behavior
play - social - emotional
Conventional
Cognitive Development
Stage 2- Preoperational period
12. Collective set of inborn traits help to construct a child's approach to the world
basis of temperament
Temperament
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
Value of shared activity?
13. Preconventional - conventional - postconventional
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14. 8 intelligences - intelligence and talent are two different things. Eight intelligences are linguistic - musical - logical - mathematical - spatial - bodily - kinesthetic - interpersonal - naturalistic - existential
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15. The temporary support system from a teacher or older peer to support the child until the task can be mastered alone
Scaffolding
Cognitive
Rough and tumble play
basis of temperament
16. Mental structure in which childrens knowledge is ordered into
Inductive reasoning
Schemas
Egocentrism
Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory
17. Mental retardation via FAS - FAS: Fetal Alcohol Syndrome - Low birth weight - Unusual facial characteristics
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
Piaget's Contributions
Cognitive
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
18. 1. Provides an alternative to behavior theorists' belief that children are merely passive learners. Children actively move through operational stages.
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19. Personality develops through a series of conflicts that are influenced by society. Eight Stages of age specific crisis we pass through in order to create an equilibrium between our self and society. Turning Points.
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20. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. he is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a
Mixed temperaments
1
B.F. Skinner
Rough and tumble play
21. Piaget suggested that a child's mind seeks a ________________. At each stage - children form a new way to operate and adapt to the world.
Functional play
State of equilibrium
Growth and Development - Infancy
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
22. Allow the student to sit behind others so that the student won't disturb others - and teach the student to tap his pencil on a sleeve or leg instead of the table
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
Moral Development or Morality
Value of shared activity?
Why teachers must familiar with signs and symptoms of child abuse
23. A study found that children could be described with 9 characteristics they then grouped into 3
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
Egocentrism
types of play
24. 7-11 years old - Many children grow about 2'/year
Language - cognitive - socially
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Audtory Perceptural Disability
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
25. By understanding Piaget's stages of cognitive development - teachers can avoid presenting material in the classroom that is beyond the...
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26. Be consistent and write down predictable outlines - schedules - and deadlines - Demonstrate and model appropriate behavior - giving positive reinforcement - Talk slowly - making eye contact when possible - and keep conversations brief - Keep peripher
Educational Implications of Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
Anxious avoidant attachment
27. A successful childhood counseling treatment b/c it allows children to feel less threatened while working out conflicts and expressing their unresolved feelings
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Play therapy
Functional play
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
28. Good way to evaluate child's body fat is to review their...
BMI (body mass index)
Erikson stage three
How to help an abused child cope
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
29. The infant becomes anxious before the caregiver leaves and is upset during their absence
Educational Implications of Moral Development
Transitive Inference
Audtory Perceptural Disability
Anxious resistant attachment
30. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning through the salvation of dogs on the ringing of a bell.
Casual Reasoning
Ivan Pavlov
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
Pretend or Imaginative play
31. At about 18 months
B.F. Skinner
begining of imagination
Mixed temperaments
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
32. By 10-12 girls/boys same height/weight - Vast differences gross fine motor skills - Boys' leg/arm muscle coordination stronger - Run faster; jump - catch - throw - kick farther - Girls: stronger fine motor skills - More coordinated hand - manipulatio
Goodness of fit
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - IQ Test
BMI (body mass index)
33. Play is critical to _____ advancement in children
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
Goodness of fit
Noam Chomsky
Cognitive
34. Formation of: body parts - major organs
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
Goodness of fit
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
35. ____ theorists agree that ____ activities serve a valuable function in the development of important ____ and ____ skills in children.
3 essential elements of scaffolding
Irreversibility
Secure attachment
play - social - emotional
36. Recognition that objects and events continue to exist even when they are not visible
Object permanence
Centration
Metacognition
Pretend or Imaginative play
37. Young children cannot differentiate between their own perspectives and feelings and someone elses
Egocentrism
Piaget's Contributions
Some causes of child maltreatment
Accomodation
38. Child uses caregiver as secure base from which to explore environment - example - Child freely separates from parent to play
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Secure Attachment
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
39. A conceptual tool that allows a child to recognize that when altering the appearance of an object the basic properties do not change
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
Conservation
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
Influences on Development
40. Age - inappropriate sexual behavior or knowledge - Difficulty walking or sitting - Sudden onset of wetting or inflicted self - harm
Kohlberg's three stages of moral development
Characteristics of sexual abuse
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
Categories of Abuse
41. An internalized set of rules influencing the feelings - thoughts and behavior of an individual in deciding what is right and wrong.
Moral Development or Morality
Self - efficacy
Irreversibility
basis of temperament
42. Children make errors in their thinking because they cannot understand that an operation moves in more than one direction
Irreversibility
State of equilibrium
Some causes of child maltreatment
Mixed temperaments
43. Child becomes upset when caregiver leaves - is upset during absence
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
Influences on Development
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Cognitive Development
44. Involves a given set of rules and declines around age 12 usually replaced with organized sports
Categories of Abuse
Games with rules play
Characteristics of neglect
fat - sugar
45. Children with a perceptual - motor disability have difficult with coordination and may often appear clumsy or disoriented - Sometimes their hands are in constant motion and may get in the way of their activity
Seriation
Characteristics of physical abuse
Perceptual Motor Disability
Growth and Development - Infancy
46. Modern descendent of the first successful intelligence test that measures general intelligence and four factors verbal reasoning - quantitative reasoning - spatial reasoning - and short - term memory.
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
Functional play
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Temperament
47. Children imitate behavior through: socialization - by learning gender roles - by self - reinforcement - by self - efficacy - and - via other aspects of personality
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48. The way children incorporate new information with existing schemes in order to form a new cognitive structure - fitting the new knowledge into a template of existing schemes
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Assimilation
Transducive reasoning
Effect of play
49. Formulating a specific hypothesis from any given general theory - what might be
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
Categories of Abuse
3 essential elements of scaffolding
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
50. The infant shows insecurity and signs of being disoriented
Disorganized disoriented attachment
Functional play
Patterns of attachment
Influential - personality - emotional