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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2
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Subjects
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cset
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teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 2-6 years old - Much of baby fat disappears as arms/legs grow longer - Pot belly disappears - internal organs no longer growing faster than body cavity - Decrease in weight is attributed to - walking - fatty tissues start growing at slower rate
Goodness of fit
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
Why teachers must familiar with signs and symptoms of child abuse
2. Young children cannot differentiate between their own perspectives and feelings and someone elses
How to help an abused child cope
Games with rules play
Egocentrism
Anxious avoidant attachment
3. 1. Functional 2. Constructive 3. Pretend or Imaginative 4. Rough - and - Tumble 5. Games with Rules
Language - cognitive - socially
types of play
Bandura's beliefs
Schemas
4. Age - inappropriate sexual behavior or knowledge - Difficulty walking or sitting - Sudden onset of wetting or inflicted self - harm
Animism
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
Functional play
Characteristics of sexual abuse
5. 1. Child is physically injured by other than accidental means 2. child is subjected to willful cruelty or unjustifiable punishment 3. child is abused or exploited sexually 4. child is neglected by a parent or caretaker who fails to provide adequate f
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
Characteristics of neglect
John Watson
Secure Attachment
6. Much of what we know about how children think feel and respond to the world come from him. His theory states that children predictable and orderly stages of cognitive development and at each stage they form a new way to operate and adapt to the world
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7. Piaget suggested that a child's mind seeks a ________________. At each stage - children form a new way to operate and adapt to the world.
Anger - sadness
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
Language Development
State of equilibrium
8. Mental retardation via FAS - FAS: Fetal Alcohol Syndrome - Low birth weight - Unusual facial characteristics
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory
Pretend or Imaginative play
Anxious avoidant attachment
9. Child uses caregiver as secure base from which to explore environment - example - Child freely separates from parent to play
Secure Attachment
Erikson stage four
When assessing a child
Child's reaction to abuse
10. Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - ______________ are mandated reporters of child abuse
Child's cognitive ability
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
Teachers
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
11. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning through the salvation of dogs on the ringing of a bell.
Piaget's Contributions
Erikson stage one
Ivan Pavlov
Conventional
12. ndustry vs. Inferiority (6 years - puberty) - Mastering knowledge and intellectual skills - enthusiastic about learning - imagination - Inferiority if feelings of incompetence and unproductiveness arise. If inferiority out weights industry - low self
Functional play
Erikson stage four
Erikson stage one
Play therapy
13. Often during elementary school - Have rules - are competitive - pleasurable - Preschool games more about taking turns - Replace around age 12 by practice play and organized sports - Can be engaged in throughout life
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Games with Rules
Transducive reasoning
Ivan Pavlov
14. Personality develops through a series of conflicts that are influenced by society. Eight Stages of age specific crisis we pass through in order to create an equilibrium between our self and society. Turning Points.
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15. Mood - generally - Environment - Activity - Threshold for reacting to stimulation
Kohlberg's three stages of moral development
basis of temperament
Goodness of fit
Object permanence
16. 2 most common feelings a child presents surrounding abuse
Effect of play
Conventional
Anger - sadness
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
17. Think about thinking occurs in the concrete operations period - a child;s awareness of knowing about one's own knowledge
Intelligence
Irreversibility
Metacognition
Transitive Inference
18. Sensorimotor - preoperational - concrete operations - formal operations
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19. Autonomy vs. Shame and doubt (1-3yrs) - virtue - Will - Central issue: Can I act on my own? toddler learns how to explore - experiment - make mistakes and test limits to gain self independence of self reliance -
Characteristics of physical abuse
Play therapy
Casual Reasoning
Erikson stage two
20. Based on what can be observed and learned through experience in the child's environment. Learning behavior theories: Ivan Pavlov's and John Watson's classical conditioning B.F. Skinner's operant conditioning. Social theories in understanding child de
Cognitive
Social Development
Irreversibility
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
21. Come from both heredity and environment. Many typical changes during childhood are related to maturation. Individual differences tend to increase with age
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Influences on Development
Pretend or Imaginative play
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
22. Children observe adult repeatedly punching & knocking down inflated doll - Later - children imitated aggressive behavior in classroom
Influences on Development
Transitive Inference
Bobo doll experiment
Casual Reasoning
23. Improves physical strength & coordination - If successful then self - esteem can be highly boosted via approval of peers
Influences on Development
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
Constructive play
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
24. Sternberg's theory that intelligence consists of analytical intelligence - creative intelligence - and practical intelligence
Educational Implications of Moral Development
Stage 2- Preoperational period
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
Preconventional
25. Allow them to work through whatever range of feelings they have
Secure Attachment
Piaget's Contributions
begining of imagination
How to help an abused child cope
26. Play is a social activity children engage in just for...
Disorganized disoriented attachment
Intelligence
Kohlberg's three stages of moral development
Its own sake
27. Children learn from operating in the environment
Kohlberg's three stages of moral development
basic groups of temperament
Operant conditioning
Stage 4- Formal operations period
28. Remember Zone of Proximal Development - what can they do on their own - what can they do with help
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
Mixed temperaments
Conservation
When assessing a child
29. A learning disability characterized by substandard reading achievement due to the inability of the brain to process symbols; also known as a developmental reading disorder. Skip or reverse words. Confuses left and right reading.
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
Transducive reasoning
Language Development
Dyslexia
30. Strongly improves child's problem - solving abilities - E.g. reading buddies
Assimilation
Value of shared activity?
Anxious avoidant attachment
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
31. Children mentally connect specific experiences whether or not there is a logical casual relationship
Temperament
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
Assimilation
Transducive reasoning
32. Developed with Physical structures to produce sounds - cognitive structures to produce thought process - and social structures to experience language through learning and practicing.
Erikson stage four
Language Development
Conventional
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
33. At about 18 months
Schemas
Characteristics of neglect
Stage 2- Preoperational period
begining of imagination
34. Vygotsky - Every function in a child's cultural development appears twice -- when?
Self - efficacy
Games with rules play
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Metacognition
35. Birth to 2 years old - Grow faster in this period than any other
Conservation
Its own sake
Growth and Development - Infancy
Effect of play
36. 1. Physical Abuse 2. Physical Neglect 3. Sexual Abuse 4. Emotional Maltreatment
Language Development
Categories of Abuse
Preconventional
Growth and Development - Adolescence
37. Type of play begins during infancy with sensorimotor movements manipulating objects on order to receive pleasure
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
Schemas
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
Functional play
38. Toddlers and preschoolers use objects to make something
Rough - and - Tumble
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
Constructive play
39. Stresses importance of advancing learning via observing & modeling the: behaviors - attitudes - emotional reactions of others
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40. Occurs when children take existing schemes and adjust them to fit their experience piano/keyboard
Temperament
Accomodation
Conventional
Erikson stage three
41. WISC. IQ test designed for school - age children. Test assesses potential in many areas - including vocabulary - knowledge - memory - spatial comprehension
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - IQ Test
Centration
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
42. Mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience - solve problems - and use knowledge to adapt to new situations Traditional IQ - Gardners's Multiple Intelligence and Sternberg's Triarchic Theory of Intelligence.
Assimilation
Centration
Intelligence
Gardner's Multiple Intelligence
43. 1. Secure Attachment 2. Anxious - Resistant Attachment 3. Anxious - Avoidant Attachment 4. Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
Moral Development or Morality
Conventional
Patterns of attachment
44. Allow the student to sit behind others so that the student won't disturb others - and teach the student to tap his pencil on a sleeve or leg instead of the table
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
When assessing a child
Perceptual Motor Disability
B.F. Skinner
45. This is the ability of a child to arrange objects in logical progression
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
Seriation
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
Games with Rules
46. Bruises - Sores - Burns & Child's vague or reluctant response about where they originated
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
Characteristics of physical abuse
Erikson stage five
Intelligence
47. Involves a given set of rules and declines around age 12 usually replaced with organized sports
B.F. Skinner
Games with rules play
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
48. Infant shows - Insecurity - Signs of being disoriented
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Goodness of fit
Self - efficacy
Stage 2- Preoperational period
49. Refers to the match between a child's temperament and environmental demands the child must deal with
Disorganized disoriented attachment
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
Goodness of fit
Child's cognitive ability
50. Collective set of inborn traits help to construct a child's approach to the world
Child's cognitive ability
Transitive Inference
Temperament
Language Development
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