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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. By understanding Piaget's stages of cognitive development - teachers can avoid presenting material in the classroom that is beyond the...
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2. Poor hygiene - E.g. - soiled clothes - dirty hair - body odor - Poor nutrition - E.g. - excessive hunger - weight loss
Mixed temperaments
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
Equilibrium
Characteristics of neglect
3. Sensorimotor - preoperational - concrete operations - formal operations
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4. Remember Zone of Proximal Development - what can they do on their own - what can they do with help
When assessing a child
Ivan Pavlov
basis of temperament
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
5. Infant shows - Insecurity - Signs of being disoriented
Erikson stage one
Mental Retardation
Anger - sadness
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
6. The infant uses the caregiver as the secure base to explore the environment
Stage 4- Formal operations period
Bandura's beliefs
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
Secure attachment
7. Autonomy vs. Shame and doubt (1-3yrs) - virtue - Will - Central issue: Can I act on my own? toddler learns how to explore - experiment - make mistakes and test limits to gain self independence of self reliance -
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
Erikson stage two
Pretend or Imaginative play
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
8. Vygotsky believed _____ is an essential aspect of cultural development and that _____ growth and language are _____ based
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
Mental Retardation
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
Language - cognitive - socially
9. At about 18 months
begining of imagination
Transitive Inference
Functional play
Educational Implications of Moral Development
10. Developed with Physical structures to produce sounds - cognitive structures to produce thought process - and social structures to experience language through learning and practicing.
Anger - sadness
Language Development
Goodness of fit
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
11. Girls more fatty tissue than boys - Boys more muscle tissue - Height/weight about same - just distributed differently - Boys might tend to be slightly taller/heavier
Postconventional
Casual Reasoning
Some causes of child maltreatment
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
12. Ages 4 to 10 in which children obey because they're parents tell them to and fear consequences - Kohlberg's stage of moral development in which rewards and punishments dominate moral thinking
Accomodation
Preconventional
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
Irreversibility
13. 1. Provides an alternative to behavior theorists' belief that children are merely passive learners. Children actively move through operational stages.
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14. A study found that children could be described with 9 characteristics they then grouped into 3
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
basic groups of temperament
How to help an abused child cope
Constructive play
15. Alcohol - Nicotine - Drugs
Secure Attachment
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
16. Identity vs. Identity Confusion (10-20 years - adolescence) - Finding out who they are - what they are all about - where they are going in life. - Confronted with new roles and adult statuses (vocational and romantic) - Identity confusion occurs when
Constructive play
Erikson stage five
Growth and Development - Adolescence
Pretend or Imaginative play
17. By 10-12 girls/boys same height/weight - Vast differences gross fine motor skills - Boys' leg/arm muscle coordination stronger - Run faster; jump - catch - throw - kick farther - Girls: stronger fine motor skills - More coordinated hand - manipulatio
Erikson stage four
John Watson
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
18. Children actively construct their knowledge through society
Conceptual - learning process
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
Erikson stage four
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
19. Good way to evaluate child's body fat is to review their...
Operant conditioning
BMI (body mass index)
Games with Rules
Preconventional
20. Involves a given set of rules and declines around age 12 usually replaced with organized sports
Games with rules play
fat - sugar
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
Goodness of fit
21. Allow the student to sit behind others so that the student won't disturb others - and teach the student to tap his pencil on a sleeve or leg instead of the table
Mixed temperaments
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
Postconventional
Cognitive
22. Ages 10 -13 in which children are more concerned about the opinions of their peers. Second level of Kohlberg's stages of moral development in which the child's behavior is governed by conforming to the society's norms of behavior
Ivan Pavlov
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
fat - sugar
Conventional
23. Difficulty paying attention - Easily distracted - Show hyperactivity - Become frustrated easily - Difficulty controlling muscle or motor activity (constantly moving) - Difficulty staying on task - succumbing to whatever attracts their attention - Sho
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
Behavior modification
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
24. Collective set of inborn traits help to construct a child's approach to the world
Temperament
Characteristics of sexual abuse
State of equilibrium
fat - sugar
25. Language development; disagreed with Skinner about language acquisition - stated there is an infinite # of sentences in a language - humans have an inborn native ability to develop language
Bandura's beliefs
Noam Chomsky
Categories of Abuse
Animism
26. Boys/girls about same weight/height - Girls growing only slightly slower than boys
Conventional
Centration
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
Bobo doll experiment
27. Refers to children believing that non - living objects have lifelike qualities
Influential - personality - emotional
Anxious resistant attachment
Animism
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
28. Birth to 2 years old - Grow faster in this period than any other
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - IQ Test
Pretend or Imaginative play
Growth and Development - Infancy
How to help an abused child cope
29. The infant becomes anxious before the caregiver leaves and is upset during their absence
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
Anxious resistant attachment
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
30. The infant shows insecurity and signs of being disoriented
Goodness of fit
Child's reaction to abuse
Scaffolding
Disorganized disoriented attachment
31. 12-18 years old - Puberty - Growth spurts and concomitant clumsiness
Transitive Inference
Growth and Development - Adolescence
Dyslexia
Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development
32. Considerable interest in - Struggle with eating disorders possible
Assimilation
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
Social Development
Equilibrium
33. Child uses caregiver as secure base from which to explore environment - example - Child freely separates from parent to play
Erikson stage four
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
Secure Attachment
Its own sake
34. Children transform symbols into make believe play also pretending
basis of temperament
Pretend or Imaginative play
Intelligence
Operant conditioning
35. Transformations in a child's thought - language - and intelligence. Theories: 1. Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development 2. Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Development 3. Multi - theoretical perspectives of language - intelligence - and children with spe
Inductive reasoning
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
Cognitive Development
Secure Attachment
36. Estimates indicate ___% of children in US follow all the dietary guidelines.
Mixed temperaments
1
Growth and Development - Infancy
Mental Retardation
37. 1. Functional 2. Constructive 3. Pretend or Imaginative 4. Rough - and - Tumble 5. Games with Rules
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
Growth and Development - Adolescence
types of play
Irreversibility
38. Mental structure in which childrens knowledge is ordered into
Games with Rules
basis of temperament
Schemas
Audtory Perceptural Disability
39. 8 intelligences - intelligence and talent are two different things. Eight intelligences are linguistic - musical - logical - mathematical - spatial - bodily - kinesthetic - interpersonal - naturalistic - existential
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40. Varies greatly depending upon these factors: 1. The child 2. The experience 3. Its frequency 4. What is done about it
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41. Using objects to make something - Combines sensorimotor movements and creation/construction of something - Toddlers & preschoolers
Cognitive
Constructive play
Pretend or Imaginative play
Characteristics of neglect
42. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. he is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a
Intelligence
begining of imagination
B.F. Skinner
Characteristics of neglect
43. Children believe that their thoughts can cause actions whether or not the experiences have a casual relationship - when I move the clouds move - god moves - sun moves - wind currents move
Casual Reasoning
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
44. Birth defects - Premature birth - Low birth weight - Neurological disturbances - High startle rate - Learning disabilities - Slowed motor development
State of equilibrium
Self - efficacy
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
Temperament
45. The purposeful process by which a person generates logical and coherent ideas - evaluates situations - and reaches conclusions.
Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
Reasoning
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
46. 1. Child is physically injured by other than accidental means 2. child is subjected to willful cruelty or unjustifiable punishment 3. child is abused or exploited sexually 4. child is neglected by a parent or caretaker who fails to provide adequate f
Scaffolding
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
Casual Reasoning
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
47. Vygotsky - Every function in a child's cultural development appears twice -- when?
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Categories of Abuse
48. Trust vs. Mistrust - infancy to 1st year - Physical comfort - minimal fear and low apprehension about the future. Sets stage for life long expectation that world is good. The absence of trust can result in eaving the infant feeeling suspicious - guar
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - IQ Test
Language Development
Erikson stage one
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
49. Sternberg's theory that intelligence consists of analytical intelligence - creative intelligence - and practical intelligence
Diet - poor
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
Seriation
Bobo doll experiment
50. 2-6 years old - Much of baby fat disappears as arms/legs grow longer - Pot belly disappears - internal organs no longer growing faster than body cavity - Decrease in weight is attributed to - walking - fatty tissues start growing at slower rate
Anxious avoidant attachment
Play therapy
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
Growth and Development - Early Childhood