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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2
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cset
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teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Environmental agents that can cause abnormalities in a fetus - Prevent or modify normal cell division - Danger - thus - greatest during embryonic stage (2-8 weeks)
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Language - cognitive - socially
Bandura's beliefs
2. Language development; disagreed with Skinner about language acquisition - stated there is an infinite # of sentences in a language - humans have an inborn native ability to develop language
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
Noam Chomsky
begining of imagination
Play therapy
3. 12: girls taller/boys weigh more - 13/14: boys taller & weigh more - 18: boys 4' taller 20 lbs heavier - Acceleration large motor physical strength in boys - Clumsy initially -- fast growth arms/legs - Quickly acquire ease of movement
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
State of equilibrium
Reasoning
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
4. Identity vs. Identity Confusion (10-20 years - adolescence) - Finding out who they are - what they are all about - where they are going in life. - Confronted with new roles and adult statuses (vocational and romantic) - Identity confusion occurs when
Anxious avoidant attachment
Goodness of fit
Erikson stage five
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
5. Preconventional - conventional - postconventional
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6. Temporary support system to support child until task can be mastered alone
Conventional
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Scaffolding
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
7. Refers to children believing that non - living objects have lifelike qualities
Preconventional
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
Animism
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
8. Piaget quantified the __________________ - suggesting that there are predictable and orderly developmental accomplishments. Children can be tested at each stage to verify their level of cognitive understanding.
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Conceptual - learning process
Gardner's Multiple Intelligence
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
9. Sensorimotor movements manipulating objects in order to receive pleasure - Begins during infancy - Involves repetition of behavior/muscle movement - Can be engaged in throughout life
Schemas
Educational Implications of Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
Functional play
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - IQ Test
10. Children make errors in their thinking because they cannot understand that an operation moves in more than one direction
Conceptual - learning process
Equilibrium
Irreversibility
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
11. 1. Functional 2. Constructive 3. Pretend or Imaginative 4. Rough - and - Tumble 5. Games with Rules
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
fat - sugar
types of play
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
12. Bruises - Sores - Burns & Child's vague or reluctant response about where they originated
Functional play
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
Educational Implications of Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
Characteristics of physical abuse
13. Play is critical to _____ advancement in children
Cognitive
Classical conditioning
Transducive reasoning
Symbolic function substage
14. Child becomes upset when caregiver leaves - is upset during absence
How to help an abused child cope
Anxious avoidant attachment
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
fat - sugar
15. 7-11 years old - Many children grow about 2'/year
Classical conditioning
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Influences on Development
16. Using objects to make something - Combines sensorimotor movements and creation/construction of something - Toddlers & preschoolers
Constructive play
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
Gardner's Multiple Intelligence
begining of imagination
17. Infant shows - Insecurity - Signs of being disoriented
Bandura's beliefs
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
fat - sugar
18. By 10-12 girls/boys same height/weight - Vast differences gross fine motor skills - Boys' leg/arm muscle coordination stronger - Run faster; jump - catch - throw - kick farther - Girls: stronger fine motor skills - More coordinated hand - manipulatio
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Moral Development or Morality
Diet - poor
Growth and Development - Adolescence
19. Involves a given set of rules and declines around age 12 usually replaced with organized sports
Games with rules play
Erikson stage one
Seriation
State of equilibrium
20. Altering the environment or situation to produce a more favorable outcome
Games with rules play
Behavior modification
Anxious avoidant attachment
B.F. Skinner
21. Think about thinking occurs in the concrete operations period - a child;s awareness of knowing about one's own knowledge
Metacognition
1
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Categories of Abuse
22. Children who don't fall into an easy/difficult/cautious category have...
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
Erikson stage five
Mixed temperaments
Schemas
23. Children learn from operating in the environment
Conventional
Characteristics of physical abuse
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
Operant conditioning
24. The ability to draw conclusions about a relationship between two objects by knowing the relationship to a third object
Some causes of child maltreatment
Transitive Inference
B.F. Skinner
Stage 4- Formal operations period
25. The child uses words and images to form mental representations to remember objects without being physically present
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
Symbolic function substage
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
26. Vygotsky believed _____ is an essential aspect of cultural development and that _____ growth and language are _____ based
Transducive reasoning
Conservation
Rough - and - Tumble
Language - cognitive - socially
27. Hard of Hearing. Appear lost or confused.
Educational Implications of Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
Audtory Perceptural Disability
Pretend or Imaginative play
BMI (body mass index)
28. Mental retardation via FAS - FAS: Fetal Alcohol Syndrome - Low birth weight - Unusual facial characteristics
Some causes of child maltreatment
Erikson stage three
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
29. Alcohol - Nicotine - Drugs
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
Bandura's beliefs
Dyslexia
30. Estimates indicate ___% of children in US follow all the dietary guidelines.
Characteristics of physical abuse
1
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
Postconventional
31. Sternberg's theory that intelligence consists of analytical intelligence - creative intelligence - and practical intelligence
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
Pretend or Imaginative play
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Its own sake
32. Mother's age - Birth complications for younger & older mothers - Mother's nutrition
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
Gardner's Multiple Intelligence
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
33. The infant uses the caregiver as the secure base to explore the environment
B.F. Skinner
Equilibrium
Secure attachment
Influential - personality - emotional
34. Personality develops through a series of conflicts that are influenced by society. Eight Stages of age specific crisis we pass through in order to create an equilibrium between our self and society. Turning Points.
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35. Children respond automatically since they have formed an association between a stimulus and the response
Classical conditioning
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
Language Development
36. This is the ability of a child to arrange objects in logical progression
Why teachers must familiar with signs and symptoms of child abuse
Seriation
Growth and Development - Adolescence
Functional play
37. Most children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) show symptoms of both inattention and hyperactivity - but there are some children who are inattentive and do not show signs of hyperactivity; these children have Attention Deficit Dis
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
Educational Implications of Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
38. The tendency of the child to focus on only one piece of information at a time while disregarding all others
Schemas
Anxious resistant attachment
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
Centration
39. According to the Individuals with disabilities Act or IDEA all children with disabilities are guaranteed a free - appropriate publec education.
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Influential - personality - emotional
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
1
40. Formation of: body parts - major organs
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
Child's reaction to abuse
Anxious avoidant attachment
41. Play is a social activity children engage in just for...
Its own sake
Influences on Development
Schemas
basis of temperament
42. While 1 or 2 symptoms do not necessarily mean a child is abused - some common signs are...
Piaget's Contributions
Accomodation
Rough and tumble play
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
43. Refers to the match between a child's temperament and environmental demands the child must deal with
Pretend or Imaginative play
B.F. Skinner
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
Goodness of fit
44. Birth defects - Premature birth - Low birth weight - Neurological disturbances - High startle rate - Learning disabilities - Slowed motor development
Temperament
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
BMI (body mass index)
45. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning through the salvation of dogs on the ringing of a bell.
Play therapy
Metacognition
Ivan Pavlov
Perceptual Motor Disability
46. At about 18 months
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
Erikson stage one
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
begining of imagination
47. Be consistent and write down predictable outlines - schedules - and deadlines - Demonstrate and model appropriate behavior - giving positive reinforcement - Talk slowly - making eye contact when possible - and keep conversations brief - Keep peripher
Dyslexia
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
Reasoning
Patterns of attachment
48. Modern descendent of the first successful intelligence test that measures general intelligence and four factors verbal reasoning - quantitative reasoning - spatial reasoning - and short - term memory.
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
Transitive Inference
types of play
49. Good way to evaluate child's body fat is to review their...
Ivan Pavlov
Influential - personality - emotional
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
BMI (body mass index)
50. The way children incorporate new information with existing schemes in order to form a new cognitive structure - fitting the new knowledge into a template of existing schemes
Its own sake
Why teachers must familiar with signs and symptoms of child abuse
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
Assimilation
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