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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2
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Study First
Subjects
:
cset
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teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Refers to the match between a child's temperament and environmental demands the child must deal with
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
Goodness of fit
begining of imagination
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
2. Children respond automatically since they have formed an association between a stimulus and the response
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
Language Development
Classical conditioning
Equilibrium
3. Improves physical strength & coordination - If successful then self - esteem can be highly boosted via approval of peers
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
Influential - personality - emotional
Cognitive Development
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
4. 1. Child is physically injured by other than accidental means 2. child is subjected to willful cruelty or unjustifiable punishment 3. child is abused or exploited sexually 4. child is neglected by a parent or caretaker who fails to provide adequate f
Transducive reasoning
Educational Implications of Moral Development
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
Characteristics of neglect
5. Modern descendent of the first successful intelligence test that measures general intelligence and four factors verbal reasoning - quantitative reasoning - spatial reasoning - and short - term memory.
Scaffolding
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Some causes of child maltreatment
6. Recognition that objects and events continue to exist even when they are not visible
Object permanence
Stage 4- Formal operations period
Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory
Conventional
7. Ages 13 to adult in which morality is judged by abstract principles rather than existing rules that govern society and looking into oneself - Involves working out a personal code of ethics. Allows for the possibility of noncompliance with society's r
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
Pretend or Imaginative play
Object permanence
Postconventional
8. At about 18 months
begining of imagination
3 essential elements of scaffolding
B.F. Skinner
play - social - emotional
9. Transformations in a child's thought - language - and intelligence. Theories: 1. Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development 2. Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Development 3. Multi - theoretical perspectives of language - intelligence - and children with spe
Cognitive Development
How to help an abused child cope
play - social - emotional
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
10. Good way to evaluate child's body fat is to review their...
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
BMI (body mass index)
Conservation
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
11. Mental structure in which childrens knowledge is ordered into
Schemas
Patterns of attachment
Ivan Pavlov
Secure Attachment
12. Hard of Hearing. Appear lost or confused.
Conceptual - learning process
Piaget's Contributions
Audtory Perceptural Disability
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
13. Vygotsky believed _____ is an essential aspect of cultural development and that _____ growth and language are _____ based
Growth and Development - Infancy
Noam Chomsky
basis of temperament
Language - cognitive - socially
14. Birth defects - Premature birth - Low birth weight - Neurological disturbances - High startle rate - Learning disabilities - Slowed motor development
Rough and tumble play
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
Postconventional
Centration
15. Boys/girls about same weight/height - Girls growing only slightly slower than boys
Categories of Abuse
Constructive play
Stage 2- Preoperational period
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
16. Piaget quantified the __________________ - suggesting that there are predictable and orderly developmental accomplishments. Children can be tested at each stage to verify their level of cognitive understanding.
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
Conceptual - learning process
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
Cognitive
17. Alcohol - Nicotine - Drugs
Goodness of fit
Mixed temperaments
Diet - poor
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
18. The ability to draw conclusions about a relationship between two objects by knowing the relationship to a third object
Zone of proximal development
Transitive Inference
Games with rules play
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
19. Estimates indicate ___% of children in US follow all the dietary guidelines.
1
Object permanence
Its own sake
Pretend or Imaginative play
20. Child uses caregiver as secure base from which to explore environment - example - Child freely separates from parent to play
Audtory Perceptural Disability
B.F. Skinner
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
Secure Attachment
21. Children make errors in their thinking because they cannot understand that an operation moves in more than one direction
Bandura's beliefs
Assimilation
Irreversibility
Audtory Perceptural Disability
22. Home environment influences much of a child's _____. Diets of minority families and socioeconomically deprived children are especially ____.
Diet - poor
Secure Attachment
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
Gardner's Multiple Intelligence
23. 12: girls taller/boys weigh more - 13/14: boys taller & weigh more - 18: boys 4' taller 20 lbs heavier - Acceleration large motor physical strength in boys - Clumsy initially -- fast growth arms/legs - Quickly acquire ease of movement
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
Preconventional
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
24. Educational Implications of Language Development: Teachers must be aware that the process of language development is multifaceted - including...
Functional play
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
25. Personality develops through a series of conflicts that are influenced by society. Eight Stages of age specific crisis we pass through in order to create an equilibrium between our self and society. Turning Points.
26. Sensorimotor - preoperational - concrete operations - formal operations
27. 1. Teachers can use behavior modification in the classroom as a learning tool (altering the environment or situation to produce a more favorable outcome) 2. Teachers can reinforce positive behavior to produce subsequent desirable behaviors (e.g. - po
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
Transitive Inference
Casual Reasoning
28. Refers to children believing that non - living objects have lifelike qualities
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
Animism
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
Erikson stage four
29. Involves a given set of rules and declines around age 12 usually replaced with organized sports
Social Development
Transitive Inference
Games with rules play
Anger - sadness
30. Vygotsky - Every function in a child's cultural development appears twice -- when?
Educational Implications of Moral Development
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Transitive Inference
31. Behaviorism; emphasis on external behaviors of people and their reactions on a given situation; famous for Little Albert study in which baby was taught to fear a white rat
Preconventional
Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development
John Watson
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
32. Play is a social activity children engage in just for...
Its own sake
Equilibrium
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
begining of imagination
33. Autonomy vs. Shame and doubt (1-3yrs) - virtue - Will - Central issue: Can I act on my own? toddler learns how to explore - experiment - make mistakes and test limits to gain self independence of self reliance -
Erikson stage two
Play therapy
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - IQ Test
Language Development
34. Language development; disagreed with Skinner about language acquisition - stated there is an infinite # of sentences in a language - humans have an inborn native ability to develop language
Noam Chomsky
Value of shared activity?
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - IQ Test
Stage 2- Preoperational period
35. Children transform symbols into make believe play also pretending
Pretend or Imaginative play
When assessing a child
State of equilibrium
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
36. Secure attachment is fundamental to a child's ability to emotionally and biologically self - regulate
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
Inductive reasoning
Functional play
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
37. Early childhood - 2 to 7 years - Egocentric focus on symbolic thought and imagination - This stage lasts from about two to seven years of age. During this stage - children get better at symbolic thought - but they can't yet reason. According to Piage
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
Constructive play
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
Stage 2- Preoperational period
38. Miscarriage - Low birth weight - Poor respiratory functioning
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
Some causes of child maltreatment
Conceptual - learning process
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
39. Formation of: body parts - major organs
Effect of play
Value of shared activity?
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Erikson stage two
40. Children imitate behavior through: socialization - by learning gender roles - by self - reinforcement - by self - efficacy - and - via other aspects of personality
41. Birth to 2 years old - Grow faster in this period than any other
Growth and Development - Adolescence
Growth and Development - Infancy
BMI (body mass index)
Erikson stage one
42. The tendency of the child to focus on only one piece of information at a time while disregarding all others
Postconventional
Centration
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
B.F. Skinner
43. Sensorimotor movements manipulating objects in order to receive pleasure - Begins during infancy - Involves repetition of behavior/muscle movement - Can be engaged in throughout life
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Functional play
Language Development
Object permanence
44. Match between a child's temperament and environment or demands on child - Ex: quiet child in boisterous family - Ex: active child in scholarly family >
Goodness of fit
Anxious resistant attachment
When assessing a child
Secure Attachment
45. The infant shows insecurity and signs of being disoriented
Erikson stage one
Disorganized disoriented attachment
Erikson stage two
Erikson stage three
46. Be consistent and write down predictable outlines - schedules - and deadlines - Demonstrate and model appropriate behavior - giving positive reinforcement - Talk slowly - making eye contact when possible - and keep conversations brief - Keep peripher
Cognitive Development
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
Social Development
Rough - and - Tumble
47. Trust vs. Mistrust - infancy to 1st year - Physical comfort - minimal fear and low apprehension about the future. Sets stage for life long expectation that world is good. The absence of trust can result in eaving the infant feeeling suspicious - guar
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
Erikson stage one
Mixed temperaments
Inductive reasoning
48. Young children cannot differentiate between their own perspectives and feelings and someone elses
Transitive Inference
Scaffolding
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
Egocentrism
49. The child uses words and images to form mental representations to remember objects without being physically present
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Symbolic function substage
Seriation
B.F. Skinner
50. Drawing conclusions from specific examples to make a general conclusion - even when the conclusion is not accurate
Teachers
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Child's reaction to abuse
Inductive reasoning