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CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2
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Subjects
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cset
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teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 1. Physical Abuse 2. Physical Neglect 3. Sexual Abuse 4. Emotional Maltreatment
Kohlberg's three stages of moral development
basic groups of temperament
Categories of Abuse
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
2. Temperament traits are _____ in development of _____ and way a child shows _____ responses.
Influential - personality - emotional
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
Games with Rules
Pretend or Imaginative play
3. 1. release physical energy 2. gain mastery over their bodies 3. acquire new motor skills 4. form better relationships among peers 5. try out new social rules 6. advance cognitive development 7. practice and explore new competencies
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
Characteristics of neglect
Constructive play
Effect of play
4. Poor hygiene - E.g. - soiled clothes - dirty hair - body odor - Poor nutrition - E.g. - excessive hunger - weight loss
Characteristics of neglect
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
1
Casual Reasoning
5. The child uses words and images to form mental representations to remember objects without being physically present
Erikson stage three
Assimilation
Noam Chomsky
Symbolic function substage
6. Bruises - Sores - Burns & Child's vague or reluctant response about where they originated
Pretend or Imaginative play
Animism
Metacognition
Characteristics of physical abuse
7. The tendency of the child to focus on only one piece of information at a time while disregarding all others
Influential - personality - emotional
Centration
Constructive play
Stage 2- Preoperational period
8. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning through the salvation of dogs on the ringing of a bell.
basic groups of temperament
Egocentrism
Ivan Pavlov
Rough - and - Tumble
9. Temporary support system to support child until task can be mastered alone
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
Intelligence
Scaffolding
Seriation
10. Refers to the match between a child's temperament and environmental demands the child must deal with
Animism
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
Goodness of fit
Seriation
11. Refers to children believing that non - living objects have lifelike qualities
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
Conceptual - learning process
Seriation
Animism
12. Considerable interest in - Struggle with eating disorders possible
Temperament
Mixed temperaments
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
Classical conditioning
13. Varies greatly depending upon these factors: 1. The child 2. The experience 3. Its frequency 4. What is done about it
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14. Mood - generally - Environment - Activity - Threshold for reacting to stimulation
basis of temperament
Centration
How to help an abused child cope
Games with Rules
15. Age - inappropriate sexual behavior or knowledge - Difficulty walking or sitting - Sudden onset of wetting or inflicted self - harm
Characteristics of sexual abuse
Stage 4- Formal operations period
Seriation
Goodness of fit
16. The infant uses the caregiver as the secure base to explore the environment
Transducive reasoning
Secure attachment
Constructive play
Erikson stage four
17. Tag - chasing - wrestling
Rough and tumble play
Why teachers must familiar with signs and symptoms of child abuse
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
18. Mother's age - Birth complications for younger & older mothers - Mother's nutrition
Rough and tumble play
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
19. Ages 10 -13 in which children are more concerned about the opinions of their peers. Second level of Kohlberg's stages of moral development in which the child's behavior is governed by conforming to the society's norms of behavior
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
Piaget's Contributions
Conventional
Classical conditioning
20. A study found that children could be described with 9 characteristics they then grouped into 3
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
basis of temperament
Object permanence
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
21. 1. Teachers must recognize that children internalize what is right and wrong based upon their basic values and sense of self. 2. Teachers must recognize the sequential foundation upon which higher moral principles are based. 3. Teachers must recogniz
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
Educational Implications of Moral Development
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
22. Children make errors in their thinking because they cannot understand that an operation moves in more than one direction
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
Characteristics of sexual abuse
Centration
Irreversibility
23. Transformations in a child's thought - language - and intelligence. Theories: 1. Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development 2. Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Development 3. Multi - theoretical perspectives of language - intelligence - and children with spe
Functional play
Self - efficacy
Cognitive Development
Teachers
24. Early childhood - 2 to 7 years - Egocentric focus on symbolic thought and imagination - This stage lasts from about two to seven years of age. During this stage - children get better at symbolic thought - but they can't yet reason. According to Piage
Stage 2- Preoperational period
Ivan Pavlov
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Inductive reasoning
25. Autonomy vs. Shame and doubt (1-3yrs) - virtue - Will - Central issue: Can I act on my own? toddler learns how to explore - experiment - make mistakes and test limits to gain self independence of self reliance -
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
Erikson stage two
Kohlberg's three stages of moral development
Diet - poor
26. 2 most common feelings a child presents surrounding abuse
play - social - emotional
Audtory Perceptural Disability
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
Anger - sadness
27. Difficulty paying attention - Easily distracted - Show hyperactivity - Become frustrated easily - Difficulty controlling muscle or motor activity (constantly moving) - Difficulty staying on task - succumbing to whatever attracts their attention - Sho
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Audtory Perceptural Disability
Influences on Development
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
28. 1. Teachers can use behavior modification in the classroom as a learning tool (altering the environment or situation to produce a more favorable outcome) 2. Teachers can reinforce positive behavior to produce subsequent desirable behaviors (e.g. - po
Play therapy
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
29. This is the ability of a child to arrange objects in logical progression
Bobo doll experiment
Ivan Pavlov
Seriation
Conceptual - learning process
30. Children imitate behavior through: socialization - by learning gender roles - by self - reinforcement - by self - efficacy - and - via other aspects of personality
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31. Involves a given set of rules and declines around age 12 usually replaced with organized sports
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
Temperament
Scaffolding
Games with rules play
32. Children who don't fall into an easy/difficult/cautious category have...
Educational Implications of Moral Development
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
Mixed temperaments
Conservation
33. Initiative vs. Guilt (3-5 years - preschool years) - - As challenges occur - initiative is needed for purposeful behavior - responsibility for body - behavior - toys - pets - etc...The child may feel like anything he does may dissappoint people aroun
Anxious resistant attachment
Its own sake
Erikson stage three
Influences on Development
34. ____ theorists agree that ____ activities serve a valuable function in the development of important ____ and ____ skills in children.
Functional play
play - social - emotional
Influential - personality - emotional
Inductive reasoning
35. Ages 4 to 10 in which children obey because they're parents tell them to and fear consequences - Kohlberg's stage of moral development in which rewards and punishments dominate moral thinking
Scaffolding
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
Preconventional
Rough - and - Tumble
36. Sensorimotor - preoperational - concrete operations - formal operations
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37. 1. Child is physically injured by other than accidental means 2. child is subjected to willful cruelty or unjustifiable punishment 3. child is abused or exploited sexually 4. child is neglected by a parent or caretaker who fails to provide adequate f
Scaffolding
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
begining of imagination
When assessing a child
38. Children learn from operating in the environment
Temperament
Perceptual Motor Disability
Conventional
Operant conditioning
39. The temporary support system from a teacher or older peer to support the child until the task can be mastered alone
Scaffolding
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
Patterns of attachment
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
40. Allow them to work through whatever range of feelings they have
How to help an abused child cope
Symbolic function substage
Animism
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
41. Children observe adult repeatedly punching & knocking down inflated doll - Later - children imitated aggressive behavior in classroom
Bobo doll experiment
Audtory Perceptural Disability
Secure attachment
Conceptual - learning process
42. Alcohol - Nicotine - Drugs
Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
When assessing a child
43. A conceptual tool that allows a child to recognize that when altering the appearance of an object the basic properties do not change
Gardner's Multiple Intelligence
Conservation
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
44. Easy (flexible) - Difficult (active or feisty) - Slow- to - warm - up (cautious)
Play therapy
basic groups of temperament
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
types of play
45. Birth defects - Premature birth - Low birth weight - Neurological disturbances - High startle rate - Learning disabilities - Slowed motor development
BMI (body mass index)
Postconventional
begining of imagination
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
46. Sensorimotor movements manipulating objects in order to receive pleasure - Begins during infancy - Involves repetition of behavior/muscle movement - Can be engaged in throughout life
Functional play
Stage 2- Preoperational period
Play therapy
Dyslexia
47. Birth to 2 years old - Grow faster in this period than any other
Erikson stage four
Erikson stage three
Growth and Development - Infancy
Erikson stage two
48. 7-11 years old - Many children grow about 2'/year
Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
Transitive Inference
49. At about 18 months
Educational Implications of Moral Development
begining of imagination
Anxious resistant attachment
Temperament
50. 1. Provides an alternative to behavior theorists' belief that children are merely passive learners. Children actively move through operational stages.
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