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CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2
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cset
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teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. According to the Individuals with disabilities Act or IDEA all children with disabilities are guaranteed a free - appropriate publec education.
Dyslexia
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
2. Considerable interest in - Struggle with eating disorders possible
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
Disorganized disoriented attachment
Classical conditioning
3. By understanding Piaget's stages of cognitive development - teachers can avoid presenting material in the classroom that is beyond the...
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4. At about 18 months
begining of imagination
Games with Rules
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Mixed temperaments
5. 8 intelligences - intelligence and talent are two different things. Eight intelligences are linguistic - musical - logical - mathematical - spatial - bodily - kinesthetic - interpersonal - naturalistic - existential
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6. Child becomes upset when caregiver leaves - is upset during absence
Scaffolding
Moral Development or Morality
Self - efficacy
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
7. A study found that children could be described with 9 characteristics they then grouped into 3
Symbolic function substage
Disorganized disoriented attachment
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
Ivan Pavlov
8. 2 most common feelings a child presents surrounding abuse
Transducive reasoning
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Anger - sadness
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
9. 1. release physical energy 2. gain mastery over their bodies 3. acquire new motor skills 4. form better relationships among peers 5. try out new social rules 6. advance cognitive development 7. practice and explore new competencies
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development
Effect of play
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
10. Middle childhood - 7 to 11 years - mastery of conservation the child begins to think logically - (7-11 yrs) Children understand conservation - less egocentrism - understand hierarchal classification - can focus on multiple aspects at a time. Children
Egocentrism
Animism
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
11. Transformation of symbols into make - believe play - Pretending helps to build a child's imagination - Imagination boundless at this time - Preschool years
Assimilation
Ivan Pavlov
Constructive play
Pretend or Imaginative play
12. Recognition that objects and events continue to exist even when they are not visible
Scaffolding
Growth and Development - Adolescence
Object permanence
Gardner's Multiple Intelligence
13. Sensorimotor movements manipulating objects in order to receive pleasure - Begins during infancy - Involves repetition of behavior/muscle movement - Can be engaged in throughout life
Temperament
Metacognition
Preconventional
Functional play
14. Vygotsky believed _____ is an essential aspect of cultural development and that _____ growth and language are _____ based
Some causes of child maltreatment
Conventional
Language - cognitive - socially
Constructive play
15. Behaviorism; emphasis on external behaviors of people and their reactions on a given situation; famous for Little Albert study in which baby was taught to fear a white rat
John Watson
BMI (body mass index)
Cognitive Development
When assessing a child
16. Autonomy vs. Shame and doubt (1-3yrs) - virtue - Will - Central issue: Can I act on my own? toddler learns how to explore - experiment - make mistakes and test limits to gain self independence of self reliance -
Erikson stage two
Mixed temperaments
Assimilation
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
17. Altering the environment or situation to produce a more favorable outcome
Language Development
Metacognition
Piaget's Contributions
Behavior modification
18. Age - inappropriate sexual behavior or knowledge - Difficulty walking or sitting - Sudden onset of wetting or inflicted self - harm
Stage 2- Preoperational period
Erikson stage two
Characteristics of sexual abuse
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
19. 1. Provides an alternative to behavior theorists' belief that children are merely passive learners. Children actively move through operational stages.
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20. A learning disability characterized by substandard reading achievement due to the inability of the brain to process symbols; also known as a developmental reading disorder. Skip or reverse words. Confuses left and right reading.
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
Dyslexia
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - IQ Test
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
21. ____ theorists agree that ____ activities serve a valuable function in the development of important ____ and ____ skills in children.
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Language - cognitive - socially
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
play - social - emotional
22. Remember Zone of Proximal Development - what can they do on their own - what can they do with help
Disorganized disoriented attachment
Noam Chomsky
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
When assessing a child
23. Alcohol - Nicotine - Drugs
Scaffolding
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
Its own sake
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
24. Refers to children believing that non - living objects have lifelike qualities
Animism
Transducive reasoning
Constructive play
Secure Attachment
25. Piaget quantified the __________________ - suggesting that there are predictable and orderly developmental accomplishments. Children can be tested at each stage to verify their level of cognitive understanding.
Patterns of attachment
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Conceptual - learning process
Transducive reasoning
26. ndustry vs. Inferiority (6 years - puberty) - Mastering knowledge and intellectual skills - enthusiastic about learning - imagination - Inferiority if feelings of incompetence and unproductiveness arise. If inferiority out weights industry - low self
Pretend or Imaginative play
B.F. Skinner
Rough and tumble play
Erikson stage four
27. The ability to draw conclusions about a relationship between two objects by knowing the relationship to a third object
Transitive Inference
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
Transducive reasoning
Language - cognitive - socially
28. Ages 4 to 10 in which children obey because they're parents tell them to and fear consequences - Kohlberg's stage of moral development in which rewards and punishments dominate moral thinking
Cognitive Development
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
Preconventional
Goodness of fit
29. Temperament traits are _____ in development of _____ and way a child shows _____ responses.
Characteristics of physical abuse
basis of temperament
begining of imagination
Influential - personality - emotional
30. Hard of Hearing. Appear lost or confused.
begining of imagination
Audtory Perceptural Disability
Temperament
Scaffolding
31. 2-6 years old - Much of baby fat disappears as arms/legs grow longer - Pot belly disappears - internal organs no longer growing faster than body cavity - Decrease in weight is attributed to - walking - fatty tissues start growing at slower rate
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
Functional play
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
32. Formulating a specific hypothesis from any given general theory - what might be
When assessing a child
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
types of play
33. 7-11 years old - Many children grow about 2'/year
Transitive Inference
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
B.F. Skinner
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
34. Children in the US consume excess ____ and ____.
fat - sugar
Piaget's Contributions
Its own sake
Categories of Abuse
35. Mental retardation via FAS - FAS: Fetal Alcohol Syndrome - Low birth weight - Unusual facial characteristics
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
State of equilibrium
Influential - personality - emotional
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
36. 1. Child is physically injured by other than accidental means 2. child is subjected to willful cruelty or unjustifiable punishment 3. child is abused or exploited sexually 4. child is neglected by a parent or caretaker who fails to provide adequate f
Piaget's Contributions
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
Postconventional
37. Stresses importance of advancing learning via observing & modeling the: behaviors - attitudes - emotional reactions of others
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38. Children who don't fall into an easy/difficult/cautious category have...
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Mixed temperaments
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
39. 12: girls taller/boys weigh more - 13/14: boys taller & weigh more - 18: boys 4' taller 20 lbs heavier - Acceleration large motor physical strength in boys - Clumsy initially -- fast growth arms/legs - Quickly acquire ease of movement
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
Pretend or Imaginative play
Mental Retardation
40. Children believe that their thoughts can cause actions whether or not the experiences have a casual relationship - when I move the clouds move - god moves - sun moves - wind currents move
Erikson stage four
Effect of play
Casual Reasoning
Audtory Perceptural Disability
41. Vygotsky - Every function in a child's cultural development appears twice -- when?
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Audtory Perceptural Disability
Transducive reasoning
types of play
42. Bruises - Sores - Burns & Child's vague or reluctant response about where they originated
Value of shared activity?
Influences on Development
Characteristics of physical abuse
Characteristics of neglect
43. Early childhood - 2 to 7 years - Egocentric focus on symbolic thought and imagination - This stage lasts from about two to seven years of age. During this stage - children get better at symbolic thought - but they can't yet reason. According to Piage
Secure Attachment
Mixed temperaments
Stage 2- Preoperational period
Classical conditioning
44. Based on what can be observed and learned through experience in the child's environment. Learning behavior theories: Ivan Pavlov's and John Watson's classical conditioning B.F. Skinner's operant conditioning. Social theories in understanding child de
Functional play
Intelligence
Social Development
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
45. Children transform symbols into make believe play also pretending
Erikson stage five
Zone of proximal development
Games with Rules
Pretend or Imaginative play
46. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning through the salvation of dogs on the ringing of a bell.
Categories of Abuse
Transducive reasoning
Ivan Pavlov
Conservation
47. 1. Functional 2. Constructive 3. Pretend or Imaginative 4. Rough - and - Tumble 5. Games with Rules
Anxious avoidant attachment
Secure attachment
types of play
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
48. Be consistent and write down predictable outlines - schedules - and deadlines - Demonstrate and model appropriate behavior - giving positive reinforcement - Talk slowly - making eye contact when possible - and keep conversations brief - Keep peripher
Gardner's Multiple Intelligence
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Why teachers must familiar with signs and symptoms of child abuse
49. Collective set of inborn traits help to construct a child's approach to the world
Temperament
basis of temperament
Moral Development or Morality
Operant conditioning
50. Trust vs. Mistrust - infancy to 1st year - Physical comfort - minimal fear and low apprehension about the future. Sets stage for life long expectation that world is good. The absence of trust can result in eaving the infant feeeling suspicious - guar
fat - sugar
Animism
Behavior modification
Erikson stage one
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