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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2
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Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The way children incorporate new information with existing schemes in order to form a new cognitive structure - fitting the new knowledge into a template of existing schemes
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
fat - sugar
Assimilation
types of play
2. Much of what we know about how children think feel and respond to the world come from him. His theory states that children predictable and orderly stages of cognitive development and at each stage they form a new way to operate and adapt to the world
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3. Children who don't fall into an easy/difficult/cautious category have...
Temperament
Growth and Development - Adolescence
Rough and tumble play
Mixed temperaments
4. Mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience - solve problems - and use knowledge to adapt to new situations Traditional IQ - Gardners's Multiple Intelligence and Sternberg's Triarchic Theory of Intelligence.
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Intelligence
Pretend or Imaginative play
Classical conditioning
5. Type of play begins during infancy with sensorimotor movements manipulating objects on order to receive pleasure
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
Functional play
Seriation
Some causes of child maltreatment
6. Refers to the match between a child's temperament and environmental demands the child must deal with
Mixed temperaments
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
Goodness of fit
7. Language development; disagreed with Skinner about language acquisition - stated there is an infinite # of sentences in a language - humans have an inborn native ability to develop language
Noam Chomsky
Equilibrium
Influences on Development
Characteristics of sexual abuse
8. A collective set of inborn traits that help to construct a child's approach to the world
Temperament
Pretend or Imaginative play
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
Goodness of fit
9. Toddlers and preschoolers use objects to make something
Characteristics of physical abuse
Erikson stage two
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
Constructive play
10. Identity vs. Identity Confusion (10-20 years - adolescence) - Finding out who they are - what they are all about - where they are going in life. - Confronted with new roles and adult statuses (vocational and romantic) - Identity confusion occurs when
Schemas
Erikson stage five
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
When assessing a child
11. Come from both heredity and environment. Many typical changes during childhood are related to maturation. Individual differences tend to increase with age
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
Gardner's Multiple Intelligence
Influences on Development
12. Initiative vs. Guilt (3-5 years - preschool years) - - As challenges occur - initiative is needed for purposeful behavior - responsibility for body - behavior - toys - pets - etc...The child may feel like anything he does may dissappoint people aroun
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
Erikson stage three
Effect of play
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
13. Mental retardation via FAS - FAS: Fetal Alcohol Syndrome - Low birth weight - Unusual facial characteristics
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
Categories of Abuse
Accomodation
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
14. Age - inappropriate sexual behavior or knowledge - Difficulty walking or sitting - Sudden onset of wetting or inflicted self - harm
Teachers
Characteristics of sexual abuse
Seriation
Functional play
15. A learning disability characterized by substandard reading achievement due to the inability of the brain to process symbols; also known as a developmental reading disorder. Skip or reverse words. Confuses left and right reading.
Dyslexia
Anxious resistant attachment
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
Characteristics of physical abuse
16. Formulating a specific hypothesis from any given general theory - what might be
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
Cognitive Development
Rough and tumble play
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
17. Vygotsky believed _____ is an essential aspect of cultural development and that _____ growth and language are _____ based
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
Language - cognitive - socially
Object permanence
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
18. While 1 or 2 symptoms do not necessarily mean a child is abused - some common signs are...
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
Anger - sadness
19. 1. Physical Abuse 2. Physical Neglect 3. Sexual Abuse 4. Emotional Maltreatment
Why teachers must familiar with signs and symptoms of child abuse
Categories of Abuse
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
Value of shared activity?
20. Poor hygiene - E.g. - soiled clothes - dirty hair - body odor - Poor nutrition - E.g. - excessive hunger - weight loss
Child's reaction to abuse
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
Characteristics of neglect
21. According to the Individuals with disabilities Act or IDEA all children with disabilities are guaranteed a free - appropriate publec education.
Temperament
Mixed temperaments
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
22. Think about thinking occurs in the concrete operations period - a child;s awareness of knowing about one's own knowledge
Teachers
Metacognition
Characteristics of physical abuse
Perceptual Motor Disability
23. 12-18 years old - Puberty - Growth spurts and concomitant clumsiness
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Growth and Development - Adolescence
Gardner's Multiple Intelligence
Functional play
24. Allow them to work through whatever range of feelings they have
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
How to help an abused child cope
25. A study found that children could be described with 9 characteristics they then grouped into 3
Its own sake
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
Teachers
Kohlberg's three stages of moral development
26. Children in the US consume excess ____ and ____.
fat - sugar
Child's reaction to abuse
Zone of proximal development
Goodness of fit
27. Environmental agents that can cause abnormalities in a fetus - Prevent or modify normal cell division - Danger - thus - greatest during embryonic stage (2-8 weeks)
Characteristics of sexual abuse
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Preconventional
28. 1. Child is physically injured by other than accidental means 2. child is subjected to willful cruelty or unjustifiable punishment 3. child is abused or exploited sexually 4. child is neglected by a parent or caretaker who fails to provide adequate f
Gardner's Multiple Intelligence
Schemas
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
29. The purposeful process by which a person generates logical and coherent ideas - evaluates situations - and reaches conclusions.
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Reasoning
30. Formation of: body parts - major organs
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
basic groups of temperament
B.F. Skinner
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
31. Birth defects - Premature birth - Low birth weight - Neurological disturbances - High startle rate - Learning disabilities - Slowed motor development
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
How to help an abused child cope
Scaffolding
32. Modern descendent of the first successful intelligence test that measures general intelligence and four factors verbal reasoning - quantitative reasoning - spatial reasoning - and short - term memory.
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Cognitive
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
Categories of Abuse
33. Children transform symbols into make believe play also pretending
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
Pretend or Imaginative play
How to help an abused child cope
Operant conditioning
34. Children actively construct their knowledge through society
Disorganized disoriented attachment
Transducive reasoning
Value of shared activity?
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
35. The ability to draw conclusions about a relationship between two objects by knowing the relationship to a third object
Pretend or Imaginative play
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Transitive Inference
When assessing a child
36. 1. Provides an alternative to behavior theorists' belief that children are merely passive learners. Children actively move through operational stages.
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37. 12: girls taller/boys weigh more - 13/14: boys taller & weigh more - 18: boys 4' taller 20 lbs heavier - Acceleration large motor physical strength in boys - Clumsy initially -- fast growth arms/legs - Quickly acquire ease of movement
Functional play
B.F. Skinner
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
Growth and Development - Infancy
38. Middle childhood - 7 to 11 years - mastery of conservation the child begins to think logically - (7-11 yrs) Children understand conservation - less egocentrism - understand hierarchal classification - can focus on multiple aspects at a time. Children
Goodness of fit
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
39. Ages 13 to adult in which morality is judged by abstract principles rather than existing rules that govern society and looking into oneself - Involves working out a personal code of ethics. Allows for the possibility of noncompliance with society's r
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
1
Postconventional
Secure attachment
40. Estimates indicate ___% of children in US follow all the dietary guidelines.
1
Classical conditioning
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
BMI (body mass index)
41. Educational Implications of Language Development: Teachers must be aware that the process of language development is multifaceted - including...
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
Effect of play
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
42. Infancy - Birth to 2 years - infants physical response to the immediate surroundings - Infants learn of their environments through sensation and movement. Egocentrism - infants are the center of their universe.
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
Influences on Development
Mixed temperaments
43. Children believe that their thoughts can cause actions whether or not the experiences have a casual relationship - when I move the clouds move - god moves - sun moves - wind currents move
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
Why teachers must familiar with signs and symptoms of child abuse
Casual Reasoning
Growth and Development - Adolescence
44. The tendency of the child to focus on only one piece of information at a time while disregarding all others
Audtory Perceptural Disability
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - IQ Test
Centration
Educational Implications of Moral Development
45. ndustry vs. Inferiority (6 years - puberty) - Mastering knowledge and intellectual skills - enthusiastic about learning - imagination - Inferiority if feelings of incompetence and unproductiveness arise. If inferiority out weights industry - low self
Constructive play
begining of imagination
Audtory Perceptural Disability
Erikson stage four
46. 1. release physical energy 2. gain mastery over their bodies 3. acquire new motor skills 4. form better relationships among peers 5. try out new social rules 6. advance cognitive development 7. practice and explore new competencies
Effect of play
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Constructive play
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
47. 1. Teachers must recognize that children internalize what is right and wrong based upon their basic values and sense of self. 2. Teachers must recognize the sequential foundation upon which higher moral principles are based. 3. Teachers must recogniz
When assessing a child
Educational Implications of Moral Development
Mixed temperaments
Secure attachment
48. An internalized set of rules influencing the feelings - thoughts and behavior of an individual in deciding what is right and wrong.
Piaget's Contributions
Moral Development or Morality
Secure attachment
Mixed temperaments
49. 1. Use of mediators for learning - A connection/intermediary between the child and that which is to be learned - E.g. - an adult or older child 2. Emphasis of language and shared activity for learning 3. Shared activity
Schemas
Functional play
Child's reaction to abuse
3 essential elements of scaffolding
50. Lack of parenting skills - Economic stressors - Lack of education - Repetition of generational family abuse
Educational Implications of Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
Object permanence
Some causes of child maltreatment
Schemas