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CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2
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cset
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teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Toddlers and preschoolers use objects to make something
Constructive play
Play therapy
Cognitive Development
Secure attachment
2. Age - inappropriate sexual behavior or knowledge - Difficulty walking or sitting - Sudden onset of wetting or inflicted self - harm
BMI (body mass index)
Characteristics of sexual abuse
When assessing a child
1
3. Developed with Physical structures to produce sounds - cognitive structures to produce thought process - and social structures to experience language through learning and practicing.
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
Transitive Inference
Influences on Development
Language Development
4. Play is critical to _____ advancement in children
Cognitive
Kohlberg's three stages of moral development
play - social - emotional
Egocentrism
5. 12-18 years old - Puberty - Growth spurts and concomitant clumsiness
Growth and Development - Adolescence
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
Goodness of fit
6. Child readily separates from parent - Actively avoids parent upon reunion
Irreversibility
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
Teachers
basis of temperament
7. Preconventional - conventional - postconventional
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8. Most children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) show symptoms of both inattention and hyperactivity - but there are some children who are inattentive and do not show signs of hyperactivity; these children have Attention Deficit Dis
When assessing a child
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
Mental Retardation
Perceptual Motor Disability
9. 1. Use of mediators for learning - A connection/intermediary between the child and that which is to be learned - E.g. - an adult or older child 2. Emphasis of language and shared activity for learning 3. Shared activity
Constructive play
3 essential elements of scaffolding
Stage 2- Preoperational period
Ivan Pavlov
10. Home environment influences much of a child's _____. Diets of minority families and socioeconomically deprived children are especially ____.
Categories of Abuse
Diet - poor
Irreversibility
basic groups of temperament
11. Allow them to work through whatever range of feelings they have
fat - sugar
How to help an abused child cope
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
Games with rules play
12. Transformations in a child's thought - language - and intelligence. Theories: 1. Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development 2. Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Development 3. Multi - theoretical perspectives of language - intelligence - and children with spe
Temperament
Cognitive Development
Noam Chomsky
Erikson stage three
13. Mother's age - Birth complications for younger & older mothers - Mother's nutrition
Behavior modification
Scaffolding
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
14. Birth to 2 years old - Grow faster in this period than any other
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
Growth and Development - Infancy
Equilibrium
Erikson stage two
15. Come from both heredity and environment. Many typical changes during childhood are related to maturation. Individual differences tend to increase with age
Child's cognitive ability
Influences on Development
Goodness of fit
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
16. ndustry vs. Inferiority (6 years - puberty) - Mastering knowledge and intellectual skills - enthusiastic about learning - imagination - Inferiority if feelings of incompetence and unproductiveness arise. If inferiority out weights industry - low self
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
Erikson stage four
Characteristics of sexual abuse
Kohlberg's three stages of moral development
17. Lack of parenting skills - Economic stressors - Lack of education - Repetition of generational family abuse
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
Self - efficacy
Animism
Some causes of child maltreatment
18. Children learn from operating in the environment
Operant conditioning
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
play - social - emotional
Influences on Development
19. 1. Child is physically injured by other than accidental means 2. child is subjected to willful cruelty or unjustifiable punishment 3. child is abused or exploited sexually 4. child is neglected by a parent or caretaker who fails to provide adequate f
Scaffolding
Growth and Development - Infancy
Metacognition
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
20. 1. Physical Abuse 2. Physical Neglect 3. Sexual Abuse 4. Emotional Maltreatment
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
Categories of Abuse
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
Scaffolding
21. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning through the salvation of dogs on the ringing of a bell.
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Cognitive Development
Ivan Pavlov
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
22. Remember Zone of Proximal Development - what can they do on their own - what can they do with help
When assessing a child
Schemas
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
Rough - and - Tumble
23. Boys/girls about same weight/height - Girls growing only slightly slower than boys
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
24. Children respond automatically since they have formed an association between a stimulus and the response
Classical conditioning
John Watson
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Schemas
25. Birth defects - Premature birth - Low birth weight - Neurological disturbances - High startle rate - Learning disabilities - Slowed motor development
Some causes of child maltreatment
Dyslexia
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
26. Hard of Hearing. Appear lost or confused.
Audtory Perceptural Disability
Pretend or Imaginative play
Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
27. Vygotsky - Every function in a child's cultural development appears twice -- when?
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
Classical conditioning
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Goodness of fit
28. Altering the environment or situation to produce a more favorable outcome
Language - cognitive - socially
Scaffolding
Audtory Perceptural Disability
Behavior modification
29. Mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience - solve problems - and use knowledge to adapt to new situations Traditional IQ - Gardners's Multiple Intelligence and Sternberg's Triarchic Theory of Intelligence.
Reasoning
Symbolic function substage
Functional play
Intelligence
30. Secure attachment is fundamental to a child's ability to emotionally and biologically self - regulate
Categories of Abuse
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - IQ Test
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
begining of imagination
31. Match between a child's temperament and environment or demands on child - Ex: quiet child in boisterous family - Ex: active child in scholarly family >
Operant conditioning
Goodness of fit
Categories of Abuse
Cognitive
32. Piaget suggested that a child's mind seeks a ________________. At each stage - children form a new way to operate and adapt to the world.
Ivan Pavlov
Erikson stage five
State of equilibrium
Pretend or Imaginative play
33. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. he is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a
Games with Rules
Operant conditioning
Secure Attachment
B.F. Skinner
34. Miscarriage - Low birth weight - Poor respiratory functioning
play - social - emotional
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
Goodness of fit
Child's cognitive ability
35. This is the ability of a child to arrange objects in logical progression
Teachers
Seriation
fat - sugar
Preconventional
36. While 1 or 2 symptoms do not necessarily mean a child is abused - some common signs are...
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
Educational Implications of Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
Stage 2- Preoperational period
37. Identity vs. Identity Confusion (10-20 years - adolescence) - Finding out who they are - what they are all about - where they are going in life. - Confronted with new roles and adult statuses (vocational and romantic) - Identity confusion occurs when
Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory
Piaget's Contributions
types of play
Erikson stage five
38. 1. Secure Attachment 2. Anxious - Resistant Attachment 3. Anxious - Avoidant Attachment 4. Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Conceptual - learning process
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Patterns of attachment
39. Strongly improves child's problem - solving abilities - E.g. reading buddies
Teachers
Erikson stage four
Value of shared activity?
Moral Development or Morality
40. Children who don't fall into an easy/difficult/cautious category have...
Mixed temperaments
Audtory Perceptural Disability
Transitive Inference
Erikson stage five
41. Be consistent and write down predictable outlines - schedules - and deadlines - Demonstrate and model appropriate behavior - giving positive reinforcement - Talk slowly - making eye contact when possible - and keep conversations brief - Keep peripher
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
Constructive play
Egocentrism
Operant conditioning
42. Varies greatly depending upon these factors: 1. The child 2. The experience 3. Its frequency 4. What is done about it
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43. Refers to the match between a child's temperament and environmental demands the child must deal with
Growth and Development - Infancy
Goodness of fit
Anger - sadness
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
44. Vygotsky believed _____ is an essential aspect of cultural development and that _____ growth and language are _____ based
Anger - sadness
basis of temperament
Pretend or Imaginative play
Language - cognitive - socially
45. The ability to draw conclusions about a relationship between two objects by knowing the relationship to a third object
Transitive Inference
Cognitive
Its own sake
When assessing a child
46. Refers to children believing that non - living objects have lifelike qualities
Animism
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
Scaffolding
Reasoning
47. The distance between a child's actual performance and a child's potential performance
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
Secure attachment
Zone of proximal development
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
48. Bruises - Sores - Burns & Child's vague or reluctant response about where they originated
Egocentrism
Characteristics of physical abuse
Reasoning
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
49. Children transform symbols into make believe play also pretending
Pretend or Imaginative play
Erikson stage one
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
Functional play
50. Tag - chase - wrestling - Begins about the end of early childhood - Most popular during middle childhood
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Ivan Pavlov
Rough - and - Tumble
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