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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2
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Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Lack of parenting skills - Economic stressors - Lack of education - Repetition of generational family abuse
Social Development
Some causes of child maltreatment
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
Piaget's Contributions
2. 12: girls taller/boys weigh more - 13/14: boys taller & weigh more - 18: boys 4' taller 20 lbs heavier - Acceleration large motor physical strength in boys - Clumsy initially -- fast growth arms/legs - Quickly acquire ease of movement
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
Schemas
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
3. By 10-12 girls/boys same height/weight - Vast differences gross fine motor skills - Boys' leg/arm muscle coordination stronger - Run faster; jump - catch - throw - kick farther - Girls: stronger fine motor skills - More coordinated hand - manipulatio
3 essential elements of scaffolding
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Piaget's Contributions
4. Environmental agents that can cause abnormalities in a fetus - Prevent or modify normal cell division - Danger - thus - greatest during embryonic stage (2-8 weeks)
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Language - cognitive - socially
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Scaffolding
5. A conceptual tool that allows a child to recognize that when altering the appearance of an object the basic properties do not change
Conservation
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
3 essential elements of scaffolding
Constructive play
6. Middle childhood - 7 to 11 years - mastery of conservation the child begins to think logically - (7-11 yrs) Children understand conservation - less egocentrism - understand hierarchal classification - can focus on multiple aspects at a time. Children
Stage 4- Formal operations period
Reasoning
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
Noam Chomsky
7. Mental retardation via FAS - FAS: Fetal Alcohol Syndrome - Low birth weight - Unusual facial characteristics
Anger - sadness
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
Goodness of fit
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
8. Children observe adult repeatedly punching & knocking down inflated doll - Later - children imitated aggressive behavior in classroom
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
Bobo doll experiment
Bandura's beliefs
Temperament
9. The infant uses the caregiver as the secure base to explore the environment
fat - sugar
Secure attachment
Noam Chomsky
Patterns of attachment
10. Vygotsky - Every function in a child's cultural development appears twice -- when?
Egocentrism
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Erikson stage three
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
11. Behaviorism; emphasis on external behaviors of people and their reactions on a given situation; famous for Little Albert study in which baby was taught to fear a white rat
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
John Watson
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
Kohlberg's three stages of moral development
12. Children imitate behavior through: socialization - by learning gender roles - by self - reinforcement - by self - efficacy - and - via other aspects of personality
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13. Young children cannot differentiate between their own perspectives and feelings and someone elses
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
Egocentrism
14. Think about thinking occurs in the concrete operations period - a child;s awareness of knowing about one's own knowledge
Metacognition
Social Development
Stage 2- Preoperational period
Patterns of attachment
15. Transformations in a child's thought - language - and intelligence. Theories: 1. Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development 2. Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Development 3. Multi - theoretical perspectives of language - intelligence - and children with spe
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
Ivan Pavlov
Cognitive Development
Conservation
16. ____ theorists agree that ____ activities serve a valuable function in the development of important ____ and ____ skills in children.
play - social - emotional
Why teachers must familiar with signs and symptoms of child abuse
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
17. Through repetition (and based upon the child's experience) - learning is predictable - Teachers can help children be successful by making their world more orderly and predictable - Teachers will recognize that a child's learned experiences can accou
Erikson stage two
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
Seriation
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
18. Children transform symbols into make believe play also pretending
BMI (body mass index)
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
Educational Implications of Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
Pretend or Imaginative play
19. 8 intelligences - intelligence and talent are two different things. Eight intelligences are linguistic - musical - logical - mathematical - spatial - bodily - kinesthetic - interpersonal - naturalistic - existential
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20. The way children incorporate new information with existing schemes in order to form a new cognitive structure - fitting the new knowledge into a template of existing schemes
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
Operant conditioning
Assimilation
Intelligence
21. Identity vs. Identity Confusion (10-20 years - adolescence) - Finding out who they are - what they are all about - where they are going in life. - Confronted with new roles and adult statuses (vocational and romantic) - Identity confusion occurs when
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
Erikson stage five
Centration
Stage 4- Formal operations period
22. Alcohol - Nicotine - Drugs
Erikson stage two
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
Zone of proximal development
Stage 2- Preoperational period
23. A collective set of inborn traits that help to construct a child's approach to the world
Ivan Pavlov
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - IQ Test
Temperament
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
24. Easy (flexible) - Difficult (active or feisty) - Slow- to - warm - up (cautious)
Educational Implications of Moral Development
Growth and Development - Infancy
basic groups of temperament
Conservation
25. Children respond automatically since they have formed an association between a stimulus and the response
Classical conditioning
Seriation
Moral Development or Morality
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
26. Be consistent and write down predictable outlines - schedules - and deadlines - Demonstrate and model appropriate behavior - giving positive reinforcement - Talk slowly - making eye contact when possible - and keep conversations brief - Keep peripher
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
basic groups of temperament
Mental Retardation
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
27. Mother's age - Birth complications for younger & older mothers - Mother's nutrition
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
Ivan Pavlov
Characteristics of neglect
Anxious avoidant attachment
28. Most children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) show symptoms of both inattention and hyperactivity - but there are some children who are inattentive and do not show signs of hyperactivity; these children have Attention Deficit Dis
Influential - personality - emotional
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
Characteristics of sexual abuse
B.F. Skinner
29. Developed with Physical structures to produce sounds - cognitive structures to produce thought process - and social structures to experience language through learning and practicing.
Language Development
Play therapy
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
Its own sake
30. Trust vs. Mistrust - infancy to 1st year - Physical comfort - minimal fear and low apprehension about the future. Sets stage for life long expectation that world is good. The absence of trust can result in eaving the infant feeeling suspicious - guar
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
Bobo doll experiment
Erikson stage one
Mixed temperaments
31. 1. Functional 2. Constructive 3. Pretend or Imaginative 4. Rough - and - Tumble 5. Games with Rules
Games with Rules
types of play
Child's reaction to abuse
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
32. Bruises - Sores - Burns & Child's vague or reluctant response about where they originated
Characteristics of physical abuse
Irreversibility
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
John Watson
33. Formation of: body parts - major organs
Dyslexia
Its own sake
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
34. The ability to draw conclusions about a relationship between two objects by knowing the relationship to a third object
Intelligence
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
Scaffolding
Transitive Inference
35. Mental structure in which childrens knowledge is ordered into
Self - efficacy
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
Social Development
Schemas
36. Ages 13 to adult in which morality is judged by abstract principles rather than existing rules that govern society and looking into oneself - Involves working out a personal code of ethics. Allows for the possibility of noncompliance with society's r
Growth and Development - Adolescence
Value of shared activity?
Casual Reasoning
Postconventional
37. A study found that children could be described with 9 characteristics they then grouped into 3
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
Educational Implications of Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
Egocentrism
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
38. The temporary support system from a teacher or older peer to support the child until the task can be mastered alone
Intelligence
Scaffolding
Seriation
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
39. Transformation of symbols into make - believe play - Pretending helps to build a child's imagination - Imagination boundless at this time - Preschool years
Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory
Pretend or Imaginative play
Schemas
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
40. Match between a child's temperament and environment or demands on child - Ex: quiet child in boisterous family - Ex: active child in scholarly family >
Teachers
Goodness of fit
Educational Implications of Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
Inductive reasoning
41. Development is motivated by the search for a stable balance toward effective adaptations
Classical conditioning
Equilibrium
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - IQ Test
42. Children actively construct their knowledge through society
Accomodation
How to help an abused child cope
Games with Rules
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
43. Strongly improves child's problem - solving abilities - E.g. reading buddies
Value of shared activity?
Postconventional
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
Casual Reasoning
44. Condition of significantly sub - average intelligence combined with deficiencies in adaptive behavior; implies an inability to perform at least some of the ordinary tasks of daily living skills; IQ of 0-70 in categories of mild - moderate - severe -
Mental Retardation
Secure Attachment
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
Inductive reasoning
45. Vygotsky believed _____ is an essential aspect of cultural development and that _____ growth and language are _____ based
Language - cognitive - socially
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
Characteristics of physical abuse
Symbolic function substage
46. Temperament traits are _____ in development of _____ and way a child shows _____ responses.
Influential - personality - emotional
Moral Development or Morality
Child's cognitive ability
Stage 2- Preoperational period
47. Children with a perceptual - motor disability have difficult with coordination and may often appear clumsy or disoriented - Sometimes their hands are in constant motion and may get in the way of their activity
Perceptual Motor Disability
Language - cognitive - socially
Audtory Perceptural Disability
Equilibrium
48. 1. Provides an alternative to behavior theorists' belief that children are merely passive learners. Children actively move through operational stages.
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49. 1. Use of mediators for learning - A connection/intermediary between the child and that which is to be learned - E.g. - an adult or older child 2. Emphasis of language and shared activity for learning 3. Shared activity
3 essential elements of scaffolding
Child's reaction to abuse
Games with rules play
Assimilation
50. Children make errors in their thinking because they cannot understand that an operation moves in more than one direction
Goodness of fit
3 essential elements of scaffolding
Irreversibility
Patterns of attachment