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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2
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teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Development is motivated by the search for a stable balance toward effective adaptations
Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory
Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development
Rough - and - Tumble
Equilibrium
2. Children respond automatically since they have formed an association between a stimulus and the response
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Classical conditioning
Accomodation
3. Boys/girls about same weight/height - Girls growing only slightly slower than boys
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
Characteristics of neglect
When assessing a child
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
4. Children learn from operating in the environment
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
Anxious avoidant attachment
Operant conditioning
Social Development
5. Identity vs. Identity Confusion (10-20 years - adolescence) - Finding out who they are - what they are all about - where they are going in life. - Confronted with new roles and adult statuses (vocational and romantic) - Identity confusion occurs when
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
Erikson stage five
Its own sake
Equilibrium
6. Child becomes upset when caregiver leaves - is upset during absence
Anxious avoidant attachment
Ivan Pavlov
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
Audtory Perceptural Disability
7. Altering the environment or situation to produce a more favorable outcome
Pretend or Imaginative play
Cognitive Development
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
Behavior modification
8. Temporary support system to support child until task can be mastered alone
Goodness of fit
Characteristics of sexual abuse
Scaffolding
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
9. 12: girls taller/boys weigh more - 13/14: boys taller & weigh more - 18: boys 4' taller 20 lbs heavier - Acceleration large motor physical strength in boys - Clumsy initially -- fast growth arms/legs - Quickly acquire ease of movement
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
John Watson
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Functional play
10. Involves a given set of rules and declines around age 12 usually replaced with organized sports
Dyslexia
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
State of equilibrium
Games with rules play
11. While 1 or 2 symptoms do not necessarily mean a child is abused - some common signs are...
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
Preconventional
Symbolic function substage
Secure attachment
12. Environmental agents that can cause abnormalities in a fetus - Prevent or modify normal cell division - Danger - thus - greatest during embryonic stage (2-8 weeks)
Piaget's Contributions
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Functional play
Bobo doll experiment
13. Tag - chasing - wrestling
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
Centration
Rough and tumble play
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
14. Children make errors in their thinking because they cannot understand that an operation moves in more than one direction
Irreversibility
Temperament
Anger - sadness
Transducive reasoning
15. Children transform symbols into make believe play also pretending
Pretend or Imaginative play
Postconventional
Assimilation
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
16. Based on what can be observed and learned through experience in the child's environment. Learning behavior theories: Ivan Pavlov's and John Watson's classical conditioning B.F. Skinner's operant conditioning. Social theories in understanding child de
Erikson stage two
Characteristics of physical abuse
Social Development
Rough - and - Tumble
17. The infant uses the caregiver as the secure base to explore the environment
Constructive play
Self - efficacy
Secure attachment
Anxious avoidant attachment
18. Occurs when children take existing schemes and adjust them to fit their experience piano/keyboard
Symbolic function substage
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
Accomodation
19. Girls more fatty tissue than boys - Boys more muscle tissue - Height/weight about same - just distributed differently - Boys might tend to be slightly taller/heavier
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
Rough and tumble play
Intelligence
20. Mental structure in which childrens knowledge is ordered into
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
Schemas
Language - cognitive - socially
21. Lack of parenting skills - Economic stressors - Lack of education - Repetition of generational family abuse
Some causes of child maltreatment
Conservation
Moral Development or Morality
Value of shared activity?
22. At about 18 months
Intelligence
Why teachers must familiar with signs and symptoms of child abuse
Gardner's Multiple Intelligence
begining of imagination
23. Personality develops through a series of conflicts that are influenced by society. Eight Stages of age specific crisis we pass through in order to create an equilibrium between our self and society. Turning Points.
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24. Children actively construct their knowledge through society
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
Ivan Pavlov
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Rough - and - Tumble
25. Formation of: body parts - major organs
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Some causes of child maltreatment
Erikson stage four
Cognitive
26. According to the Individuals with disabilities Act or IDEA all children with disabilities are guaranteed a free - appropriate publec education.
types of play
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
27. 1. Teachers can use behavior modification in the classroom as a learning tool (altering the environment or situation to produce a more favorable outcome) 2. Teachers can reinforce positive behavior to produce subsequent desirable behaviors (e.g. - po
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
Centration
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
28. Mother's age - Birth complications for younger & older mothers - Mother's nutrition
Teachers
Erikson stage one
Erikson stage two
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
29. Using objects to make something - Combines sensorimotor movements and creation/construction of something - Toddlers & preschoolers
Conventional
Constructive play
Erikson stage three
Value of shared activity?
30. Match between a child's temperament and environment or demands on child - Ex: quiet child in boisterous family - Ex: active child in scholarly family >
Stage 2- Preoperational period
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
Goodness of fit
31. Estimates indicate ___% of children in US follow all the dietary guidelines.
Rough and tumble play
1
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
Irreversibility
32. Think about thinking occurs in the concrete operations period - a child;s awareness of knowing about one's own knowledge
Scaffolding
Characteristics of physical abuse
Metacognition
begining of imagination
33. Autonomy vs. Shame and doubt (1-3yrs) - virtue - Will - Central issue: Can I act on my own? toddler learns how to explore - experiment - make mistakes and test limits to gain self independence of self reliance -
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
Erikson stage two
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
Object permanence
34. 1. Secure Attachment 2. Anxious - Resistant Attachment 3. Anxious - Avoidant Attachment 4. Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Dyslexia
Diet - poor
Patterns of attachment
Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory
35. Behaviorism; emphasis on external behaviors of people and their reactions on a given situation; famous for Little Albert study in which baby was taught to fear a white rat
John Watson
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
Gardner's Multiple Intelligence
Functional play
36. Birth defects - Premature birth - Low birth weight - Neurological disturbances - High startle rate - Learning disabilities - Slowed motor development
Erikson stage three
Play therapy
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
play - social - emotional
37. 1. Physical Abuse 2. Physical Neglect 3. Sexual Abuse 4. Emotional Maltreatment
Gardner's Multiple Intelligence
Erikson stage four
Categories of Abuse
Games with Rules
38. Come from both heredity and environment. Many typical changes during childhood are related to maturation. Individual differences tend to increase with age
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
Functional play
Cognitive Development
Influences on Development
39. The purposeful process by which a person generates logical and coherent ideas - evaluates situations - and reaches conclusions.
Operant conditioning
Reasoning
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
40. ndustry vs. Inferiority (6 years - puberty) - Mastering knowledge and intellectual skills - enthusiastic about learning - imagination - Inferiority if feelings of incompetence and unproductiveness arise. If inferiority out weights industry - low self
types of play
Erikson stage four
Goodness of fit
Classical conditioning
41. Sensorimotor - preoperational - concrete operations - formal operations
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42. Children with a perceptual - motor disability have difficult with coordination and may often appear clumsy or disoriented - Sometimes their hands are in constant motion and may get in the way of their activity
Centration
Perceptual Motor Disability
Social Development
Some causes of child maltreatment
43. Educational Implications of Language Development: Teachers must be aware that the process of language development is multifaceted - including...
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Symbolic function substage
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
44. A successful childhood counseling treatment b/c it allows children to feel less threatened while working out conflicts and expressing their unresolved feelings
begining of imagination
Play therapy
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
Erikson stage four
45. Infancy - Birth to 2 years - infants physical response to the immediate surroundings - Infants learn of their environments through sensation and movement. Egocentrism - infants are the center of their universe.
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
Metacognition
John Watson
46. The child uses words and images to form mental representations to remember objects without being physically present
Symbolic function substage
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
Conservation
Characteristics of physical abuse
47. The infant becomes anxious before the caregiver leaves and is upset during their absence
Stage 4- Formal operations period
Erikson stage one
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
Anxious resistant attachment
48. 7-11 years old - Many children grow about 2'/year
play - social - emotional
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
Moral Development or Morality
49. Miscarriage - Low birth weight - Poor respiratory functioning
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
Kohlberg's three stages of moral development
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
Child's cognitive ability
50. Piaget quantified the __________________ - suggesting that there are predictable and orderly developmental accomplishments. Children can be tested at each stage to verify their level of cognitive understanding.
BMI (body mass index)
Temperament
Perceptual Motor Disability
Conceptual - learning process
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