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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2
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Subjects
:
cset
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teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Infant shows - Insecurity - Signs of being disoriented
Stage 2- Preoperational period
Its own sake
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Characteristics of neglect
2. Temperament traits are _____ in development of _____ and way a child shows _____ responses.
Kohlberg's three stages of moral development
Influential - personality - emotional
Constructive play
types of play
3. Match between a child's temperament and environment or demands on child - Ex: quiet child in boisterous family - Ex: active child in scholarly family >
Mental Retardation
begining of imagination
Erikson stage three
Goodness of fit
4. ndustry vs. Inferiority (6 years - puberty) - Mastering knowledge and intellectual skills - enthusiastic about learning - imagination - Inferiority if feelings of incompetence and unproductiveness arise. If inferiority out weights industry - low self
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
Games with rules play
Pretend or Imaginative play
Erikson stage four
5. Difficulty paying attention - Easily distracted - Show hyperactivity - Become frustrated easily - Difficulty controlling muscle or motor activity (constantly moving) - Difficulty staying on task - succumbing to whatever attracts their attention - Sho
Transducive reasoning
Self - efficacy
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
BMI (body mass index)
6. A learning disability characterized by substandard reading achievement due to the inability of the brain to process symbols; also known as a developmental reading disorder. Skip or reverse words. Confuses left and right reading.
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
Dyslexia
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
7. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. he is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Educational Implications of Moral Development
Preconventional
B.F. Skinner
8. ____ theorists agree that ____ activities serve a valuable function in the development of important ____ and ____ skills in children.
Games with rules play
play - social - emotional
Classical conditioning
Bandura's beliefs
9. At about 18 months
begining of imagination
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
Piaget's Contributions
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
10. By 10-12 girls/boys same height/weight - Vast differences gross fine motor skills - Boys' leg/arm muscle coordination stronger - Run faster; jump - catch - throw - kick farther - Girls: stronger fine motor skills - More coordinated hand - manipulatio
Rough and tumble play
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Bandura's beliefs
Bobo doll experiment
11. Be consistent and write down predictable outlines - schedules - and deadlines - Demonstrate and model appropriate behavior - giving positive reinforcement - Talk slowly - making eye contact when possible - and keep conversations brief - Keep peripher
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
Zone of proximal development
Transitive Inference
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
12. Mental structure in which childrens knowledge is ordered into
Stage 2- Preoperational period
Schemas
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Cognitive Development
13. Young children cannot differentiate between their own perspectives and feelings and someone elses
Functional play
Play therapy
Egocentrism
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - IQ Test
14. Birth to 2 years old - Grow faster in this period than any other
Erikson stage five
Secure attachment
Growth and Development - Infancy
Intelligence
15. Refers to the match between a child's temperament and environmental demands the child must deal with
Influential - personality - emotional
basis of temperament
Goodness of fit
Egocentrism
16. Identity vs. Identity Confusion (10-20 years - adolescence) - Finding out who they are - what they are all about - where they are going in life. - Confronted with new roles and adult statuses (vocational and romantic) - Identity confusion occurs when
Erikson stage five
Value of shared activity?
Inductive reasoning
Rough and tumble play
17. Children with a perceptual - motor disability have difficult with coordination and may often appear clumsy or disoriented - Sometimes their hands are in constant motion and may get in the way of their activity
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Audtory Perceptural Disability
Perceptual Motor Disability
18. Much of what we know about how children think feel and respond to the world come from him. His theory states that children predictable and orderly stages of cognitive development and at each stage they form a new way to operate and adapt to the world
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19. Behaviorism; emphasis on external behaviors of people and their reactions on a given situation; famous for Little Albert study in which baby was taught to fear a white rat
Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory
Diet - poor
Symbolic function substage
John Watson
20. Age - inappropriate sexual behavior or knowledge - Difficulty walking or sitting - Sudden onset of wetting or inflicted self - harm
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
Patterns of attachment
Characteristics of sexual abuse
21. Easy (flexible) - Difficult (active or feisty) - Slow- to - warm - up (cautious)
Mental Retardation
basic groups of temperament
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
Some causes of child maltreatment
22. Middle childhood - 7 to 11 years - mastery of conservation the child begins to think logically - (7-11 yrs) Children understand conservation - less egocentrism - understand hierarchal classification - can focus on multiple aspects at a time. Children
Casual Reasoning
When assessing a child
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
Stage 4- Formal operations period
23. Sensorimotor movements manipulating objects in order to receive pleasure - Begins during infancy - Involves repetition of behavior/muscle movement - Can be engaged in throughout life
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
Conceptual - learning process
Postconventional
Functional play
24. Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - ______________ are mandated reporters of child abuse
When assessing a child
Centration
Transitive Inference
Teachers
25. The infant becomes anxious before the caregiver leaves and is upset during their absence
Anxious resistant attachment
Secure Attachment
Erikson stage one
begining of imagination
26. The child uses words and images to form mental representations to remember objects without being physically present
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
Symbolic function substage
Influential - personality - emotional
Patterns of attachment
27. Secure attachment is fundamental to a child's ability to emotionally and biologically self - regulate
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
Disorganized disoriented attachment
28. Mother's age - Birth complications for younger & older mothers - Mother's nutrition
Characteristics of sexual abuse
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
Noam Chomsky
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
29. Lack of parenting skills - Economic stressors - Lack of education - Repetition of generational family abuse
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
Language - cognitive - socially
Some causes of child maltreatment
Gardner's Multiple Intelligence
30. Temporary support system to support child until task can be mastered alone
Scaffolding
Irreversibility
Conceptual - learning process
Characteristics of neglect
31. 1. Teachers must recognize that children internalize what is right and wrong based upon their basic values and sense of self. 2. Teachers must recognize the sequential foundation upon which higher moral principles are based. 3. Teachers must recogniz
Educational Implications of Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
Educational Implications of Moral Development
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
Erikson stage three
32. Language development; disagreed with Skinner about language acquisition - stated there is an infinite # of sentences in a language - humans have an inborn native ability to develop language
Erikson stage two
Pretend or Imaginative play
Play therapy
Noam Chomsky
33. Stresses importance of advancing learning via observing & modeling the: behaviors - attitudes - emotional reactions of others
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34. Formulating a specific hypothesis from any given general theory - what might be
Reasoning
Object permanence
Behavior modification
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
35. Children respond automatically since they have formed an association between a stimulus and the response
Goodness of fit
Anxious avoidant attachment
BMI (body mass index)
Classical conditioning
36. Autonomy vs. Shame and doubt (1-3yrs) - virtue - Will - Central issue: Can I act on my own? toddler learns how to explore - experiment - make mistakes and test limits to gain self independence of self reliance -
Rough and tumble play
Erikson stage two
Diet - poor
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
37. Home environment influences much of a child's _____. Diets of minority families and socioeconomically deprived children are especially ____.
Characteristics of neglect
Diet - poor
Moral Development or Morality
Object permanence
38. Personality develops through a series of conflicts that are influenced by society. Eight Stages of age specific crisis we pass through in order to create an equilibrium between our self and society. Turning Points.
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39. Drawing conclusions from specific examples to make a general conclusion - even when the conclusion is not accurate
When assessing a child
Inductive reasoning
Growth and Development - Infancy
Preconventional
40. Using objects to make something - Combines sensorimotor movements and creation/construction of something - Toddlers & preschoolers
Constructive play
Conservation
When assessing a child
Stage 4- Formal operations period
41. 1. Provides an alternative to behavior theorists' belief that children are merely passive learners. Children actively move through operational stages.
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42. Refers to children believing that non - living objects have lifelike qualities
Animism
Games with Rules
Anxious resistant attachment
Operant conditioning
43. Mood - generally - Environment - Activity - Threshold for reacting to stimulation
basis of temperament
Bobo doll experiment
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
Stage 4- Formal operations period
44. Think about thinking occurs in the concrete operations period - a child;s awareness of knowing about one's own knowledge
Metacognition
John Watson
Conventional
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
45. Alcohol - Nicotine - Drugs
Cognitive
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
Dyslexia
When assessing a child
46. Ages 10 -13 in which children are more concerned about the opinions of their peers. Second level of Kohlberg's stages of moral development in which the child's behavior is governed by conforming to the society's norms of behavior
Egocentrism
Kohlberg's three stages of moral development
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
Conventional
47. Children imitate behavior through: socialization - by learning gender roles - by self - reinforcement - by self - efficacy - and - via other aspects of personality
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48. Children make errors in their thinking because they cannot understand that an operation moves in more than one direction
Preconventional
Erikson stage four
Irreversibility
Patterns of attachment
49. Transformations in a child's thought - language - and intelligence. Theories: 1. Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development 2. Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Development 3. Multi - theoretical perspectives of language - intelligence - and children with spe
Characteristics of sexual abuse
Cognitive Development
3 essential elements of scaffolding
Social Development
50. Through repetition (and based upon the child's experience) - learning is predictable - Teachers can help children be successful by making their world more orderly and predictable - Teachers will recognize that a child's learned experiences can accou
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
Teachers
Play therapy
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children