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CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2

Subjects : cset, teaching
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Vygotsky believed _____ is an essential aspect of cultural development and that _____ growth and language are _____ based






2. 1. Functional 2. Constructive 3. Pretend or Imaginative 4. Rough - and - Tumble 5. Games with Rules






3. Match between a child's temperament and environment or demands on child - Ex: quiet child in boisterous family - Ex: active child in scholarly family >






4. Children make errors in their thinking because they cannot understand that an operation moves in more than one direction






5. 8 intelligences - intelligence and talent are two different things. Eight intelligences are linguistic - musical - logical - mathematical - spatial - bodily - kinesthetic - interpersonal - naturalistic - existential

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6. 1. Teachers must recognize that children internalize what is right and wrong based upon their basic values and sense of self. 2. Teachers must recognize the sequential foundation upon which higher moral principles are based. 3. Teachers must recogniz






7. Personality develops through a series of conflicts that are influenced by society. Eight Stages of age specific crisis we pass through in order to create an equilibrium between our self and society. Turning Points.

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8. Behaviorism; emphasis on external behaviors of people and their reactions on a given situation; famous for Little Albert study in which baby was taught to fear a white rat






9. Mother's age - Birth complications for younger & older mothers - Mother's nutrition






10. Often during elementary school - Have rules - are competitive - pleasurable - Preschool games more about taking turns - Replace around age 12 by practice play and organized sports - Can be engaged in throughout life






11. The purposeful process by which a person generates logical and coherent ideas - evaluates situations - and reaches conclusions.






12. Remember Zone of Proximal Development - what can they do on their own - what can they do with help






13. The tendency of the child to focus on only one piece of information at a time while disregarding all others






14. Developed with Physical structures to produce sounds - cognitive structures to produce thought process - and social structures to experience language through learning and practicing.






15. 12-18 years old - Puberty - Growth spurts and concomitant clumsiness






16. Refers to the match between a child's temperament and environmental demands the child must deal with






17. Child uses caregiver as secure base from which to explore environment - example - Child freely separates from parent to play






18. 12: girls taller/boys weigh more - 13/14: boys taller & weigh more - 18: boys 4' taller 20 lbs heavier - Acceleration large motor physical strength in boys - Clumsy initially -- fast growth arms/legs - Quickly acquire ease of movement






19. By 10-12 girls/boys same height/weight - Vast differences gross fine motor skills - Boys' leg/arm muscle coordination stronger - Run faster; jump - catch - throw - kick farther - Girls: stronger fine motor skills - More coordinated hand - manipulatio






20. A learning disability characterized by substandard reading achievement due to the inability of the brain to process symbols; also known as a developmental reading disorder. Skip or reverse words. Confuses left and right reading.






21. Recognition that objects and events continue to exist even when they are not visible






22. Birth defects - Premature birth - Low birth weight - Neurological disturbances - High startle rate - Learning disabilities - Slowed motor development






23. Tag - chasing - wrestling






24. Initiative vs. Guilt (3-5 years - preschool years) - - As challenges occur - initiative is needed for purposeful behavior - responsibility for body - behavior - toys - pets - etc...The child may feel like anything he does may dissappoint people aroun






25. Mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience - solve problems - and use knowledge to adapt to new situations Traditional IQ - Gardners's Multiple Intelligence and Sternberg's Triarchic Theory of Intelligence.






26. Boys/girls about same weight/height - Girls growing only slightly slower than boys






27. Home environment influences much of a child's _____. Diets of minority families and socioeconomically deprived children are especially ____.






28. Children with a perceptual - motor disability have difficult with coordination and may often appear clumsy or disoriented - Sometimes their hands are in constant motion and may get in the way of their activity






29. Environmental agents that can cause abnormalities in a fetus - Prevent or modify normal cell division - Danger - thus - greatest during embryonic stage (2-8 weeks)






30. A study found that children could be described with 9 characteristics they then grouped into 3






31. 1. Provides an alternative to behavior theorists' belief that children are merely passive learners. Children actively move through operational stages.

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32. Varies greatly depending upon these factors: 1. The child 2. The experience 3. Its frequency 4. What is done about it

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33. An internalized set of rules influencing the feelings - thoughts and behavior of an individual in deciding what is right and wrong.






34. Piaget quantified the __________________ - suggesting that there are predictable and orderly developmental accomplishments. Children can be tested at each stage to verify their level of cognitive understanding.






35. Language development; disagreed with Skinner about language acquisition - stated there is an infinite # of sentences in a language - humans have an inborn native ability to develop language






36. Think about thinking occurs in the concrete operations period - a child;s awareness of knowing about one's own knowledge






37. Miscarriage - Low birth weight - Poor respiratory functioning






38. Be consistent and write down predictable outlines - schedules - and deadlines - Demonstrate and model appropriate behavior - giving positive reinforcement - Talk slowly - making eye contact when possible - and keep conversations brief - Keep peripher






39. The infant shows insecurity and signs of being disoriented






40. The ability to draw conclusions about a relationship between two objects by knowing the relationship to a third object






41. Ages 13 to adult in which morality is judged by abstract principles rather than existing rules that govern society and looking into oneself - Involves working out a personal code of ethics. Allows for the possibility of noncompliance with society's r






42. Mood - generally - Environment - Activity - Threshold for reacting to stimulation






43. Bruises - Sores - Burns & Child's vague or reluctant response about where they originated






44. Birth to 2 years old - Grow faster in this period than any other






45. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. he is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






46. Improves physical strength & coordination - If successful then self - esteem can be highly boosted via approval of peers






47. Transformation of symbols into make - believe play - Pretending helps to build a child's imagination - Imagination boundless at this time - Preschool years






48. 1. Use of mediators for learning - A connection/intermediary between the child and that which is to be learned - E.g. - an adult or older child 2. Emphasis of language and shared activity for learning 3. Shared activity






49. Through repetition (and based upon the child's experience) - learning is predictable - Teachers can help children be successful by making their world more orderly and predictable - Teachers will recognize that a child's learned experiences can accou






50. Occurs when children take existing schemes and adjust them to fit their experience piano/keyboard