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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Stresses importance of advancing learning via observing & modeling the: behaviors - attitudes - emotional reactions of others
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2. Using objects to make something - Combines sensorimotor movements and creation/construction of something - Toddlers & preschoolers
Gardner's Multiple Intelligence
Operant conditioning
Growth and Development - Adolescence
Constructive play
3. Early childhood - 2 to 7 years - Egocentric focus on symbolic thought and imagination - This stage lasts from about two to seven years of age. During this stage - children get better at symbolic thought - but they can't yet reason. According to Piage
Games with Rules
Stage 2- Preoperational period
State of equilibrium
Functional play
4. Much of what we know about how children think feel and respond to the world come from him. His theory states that children predictable and orderly stages of cognitive development and at each stage they form a new way to operate and adapt to the world
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5. 1. Functional 2. Constructive 3. Pretend or Imaginative 4. Rough - and - Tumble 5. Games with Rules
Rough and tumble play
Erikson stage five
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
types of play
6. At about 18 months
Temperament
Casual Reasoning
begining of imagination
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
7. Poor hygiene - E.g. - soiled clothes - dirty hair - body odor - Poor nutrition - E.g. - excessive hunger - weight loss
Characteristics of neglect
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
Erikson stage one
Noam Chomsky
8. Type of play begins during infancy with sensorimotor movements manipulating objects on order to receive pleasure
Dyslexia
Anxious avoidant attachment
Functional play
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
9. 8 intelligences - intelligence and talent are two different things. Eight intelligences are linguistic - musical - logical - mathematical - spatial - bodily - kinesthetic - interpersonal - naturalistic - existential
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10. Collective set of inborn traits help to construct a child's approach to the world
Kohlberg's three stages of moral development
Temperament
Secure attachment
Educational Implications of Moral Development
11. Age - inappropriate sexual behavior or knowledge - Difficulty walking or sitting - Sudden onset of wetting or inflicted self - harm
Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development
Characteristics of sexual abuse
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
Erikson stage three
12. Easy (flexible) - Difficult (active or feisty) - Slow- to - warm - up (cautious)
Growth and Development - Infancy
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
basic groups of temperament
Functional play
13. Vygotsky believed _____ is an essential aspect of cultural development and that _____ growth and language are _____ based
Language - cognitive - socially
Cognitive
Influences on Development
Characteristics of physical abuse
14. Birth defects - Premature birth - Low birth weight - Neurological disturbances - High startle rate - Learning disabilities - Slowed motor development
Schemas
Constructive play
John Watson
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
15. A successful childhood counseling treatment b/c it allows children to feel less threatened while working out conflicts and expressing their unresolved feelings
Diet - poor
Play therapy
Language Development
1
16. Allow them to work through whatever range of feelings they have
Transitive Inference
How to help an abused child cope
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
Conservation
17. According to the Individuals with disabilities Act or IDEA all children with disabilities are guaranteed a free - appropriate publec education.
Play therapy
Schemas
Secure attachment
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
18. The purposeful process by which a person generates logical and coherent ideas - evaluates situations - and reaches conclusions.
Reasoning
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
Zone of proximal development
Animism
19. Environmental agents that can cause abnormalities in a fetus - Prevent or modify normal cell division - Danger - thus - greatest during embryonic stage (2-8 weeks)
Anxious resistant attachment
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Constructive play
Diet - poor
20. 1. Physical Abuse 2. Physical Neglect 3. Sexual Abuse 4. Emotional Maltreatment
Categories of Abuse
Erikson stage one
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development
21. Children actively construct their knowledge through society
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
22. Piaget suggested that a child's mind seeks a ________________. At each stage - children form a new way to operate and adapt to the world.
State of equilibrium
Self - efficacy
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
23. Child becomes upset when caregiver leaves - is upset during absence
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
Anger - sadness
Functional play
Constructive play
24. Toddlers and preschoolers use objects to make something
Pretend or Imaginative play
Reasoning
Constructive play
Disorganized disoriented attachment
25. Mental structure in which childrens knowledge is ordered into
Characteristics of neglect
Schemas
Mental Retardation
Disorganized disoriented attachment
26. 7-11 years old - Many children grow about 2'/year
Why teachers must familiar with signs and symptoms of child abuse
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
27. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. he is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
B.F. Skinner
Erikson stage four
Teachers
28. 1. Child is physically injured by other than accidental means 2. child is subjected to willful cruelty or unjustifiable punishment 3. child is abused or exploited sexually 4. child is neglected by a parent or caretaker who fails to provide adequate f
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
Dyslexia
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
29. Children imitate behavior through: socialization - by learning gender roles - by self - reinforcement - by self - efficacy - and - via other aspects of personality
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30. Development is motivated by the search for a stable balance toward effective adaptations
Functional play
Equilibrium
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
31. Good way to evaluate child's body fat is to review their...
Rough - and - Tumble
BMI (body mass index)
Object permanence
Categories of Abuse
32. Strongly improves child's problem - solving abilities - E.g. reading buddies
Value of shared activity?
Characteristics of sexual abuse
Its own sake
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
33. Often during elementary school - Have rules - are competitive - pleasurable - Preschool games more about taking turns - Replace around age 12 by practice play and organized sports - Can be engaged in throughout life
Games with Rules
begining of imagination
Ivan Pavlov
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
34. By 10-12 girls/boys same height/weight - Vast differences gross fine motor skills - Boys' leg/arm muscle coordination stronger - Run faster; jump - catch - throw - kick farther - Girls: stronger fine motor skills - More coordinated hand - manipulatio
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Object permanence
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
35. Infant shows - Insecurity - Signs of being disoriented
Erikson stage four
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Preconventional
Language Development
36. Tag - chase - wrestling - Begins about the end of early childhood - Most popular during middle childhood
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
Rough - and - Tumble
Educational Implications of Moral Development
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
37. Varies greatly depending upon these factors: 1. The child 2. The experience 3. Its frequency 4. What is done about it
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38. Personality develops through a series of conflicts that are influenced by society. Eight Stages of age specific crisis we pass through in order to create an equilibrium between our self and society. Turning Points.
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39. Drawing conclusions from specific examples to make a general conclusion - even when the conclusion is not accurate
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
Inductive reasoning
Social Development
Constructive play
40. Allow the student to sit behind others so that the student won't disturb others - and teach the student to tap his pencil on a sleeve or leg instead of the table
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
Assimilation
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
41. Educational Implications of Language Development: Teachers must be aware that the process of language development is multifaceted - including...
Assimilation
Egocentrism
Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
42. The infant readily separates from the caregiver and actively avoids the parent upon return
State of equilibrium
Anxious avoidant attachment
Rough and tumble play
Accomodation
43. Mood - generally - Environment - Activity - Threshold for reacting to stimulation
basis of temperament
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Functional play
Temperament
44. Boys/girls about same weight/height - Girls growing only slightly slower than boys
Accomodation
Piaget's Contributions
Scaffolding
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
45. Child uses caregiver as secure base from which to explore environment - example - Child freely separates from parent to play
Mixed temperaments
Mental Retardation
Secure Attachment
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
46. Piaget quantified the __________________ - suggesting that there are predictable and orderly developmental accomplishments. Children can be tested at each stage to verify their level of cognitive understanding.
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
Conceptual - learning process
Some causes of child maltreatment
Postconventional
47. Transformations in a child's thought - language - and intelligence. Theories: 1. Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development 2. Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Development 3. Multi - theoretical perspectives of language - intelligence - and children with spe
Cognitive Development
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
Constructive play
Irreversibility
48. Children observe adult repeatedly punching & knocking down inflated doll - Later - children imitated aggressive behavior in classroom
Bobo doll experiment
Gardner's Multiple Intelligence
Anxious avoidant attachment
Games with Rules
49. This is the ability of a child to arrange objects in logical progression
Seriation
Goodness of fit
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
Equilibrium
50. Formulating a specific hypothesis from any given general theory - what might be
Characteristics of physical abuse
Rough - and - Tumble
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
Hypothetical deductive reasoning