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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The infant uses the caregiver as the secure base to explore the environment
Erikson stage one
Secure attachment
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Effect of play
2. Infancy - Birth to 2 years - infants physical response to the immediate surroundings - Infants learn of their environments through sensation and movement. Egocentrism - infants are the center of their universe.
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
Schemas
3. Development is motivated by the search for a stable balance toward effective adaptations
Erikson stage one
Stage 2- Preoperational period
Equilibrium
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
4. Belief in the ability to do things on one's own
Self - efficacy
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
Conceptual - learning process
Object permanence
5. Easy (flexible) - Difficult (active or feisty) - Slow- to - warm - up (cautious)
basic groups of temperament
Anxious avoidant attachment
Conventional
Anger - sadness
6. Tag - chasing - wrestling
Rough and tumble play
types of play
Gardner's Multiple Intelligence
Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory
7. 1. release physical energy 2. gain mastery over their bodies 3. acquire new motor skills 4. form better relationships among peers 5. try out new social rules 6. advance cognitive development 7. practice and explore new competencies
Effect of play
Ivan Pavlov
Metacognition
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
8. Child readily separates from parent - Actively avoids parent upon reunion
1
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
Patterns of attachment
9. Refers to children believing that non - living objects have lifelike qualities
Mixed temperaments
Animism
Assimilation
Language - cognitive - socially
10. The way children incorporate new information with existing schemes in order to form a new cognitive structure - fitting the new knowledge into a template of existing schemes
Games with rules play
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
Assimilation
Egocentrism
11. 12-18 years old - Puberty - Growth spurts and concomitant clumsiness
Classical conditioning
Social Development
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
Growth and Development - Adolescence
12. According to the Individuals with disabilities Act or IDEA all children with disabilities are guaranteed a free - appropriate publec education.
Kohlberg's three stages of moral development
Moral Development or Morality
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
Operant conditioning
13. Toddlers and preschoolers use objects to make something
Piaget's Contributions
Constructive play
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
14. Transformation of symbols into make - believe play - Pretending helps to build a child's imagination - Imagination boundless at this time - Preschool years
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
Conceptual - learning process
Equilibrium
Pretend or Imaginative play
15. Based on what can be observed and learned through experience in the child's environment. Learning behavior theories: Ivan Pavlov's and John Watson's classical conditioning B.F. Skinner's operant conditioning. Social theories in understanding child de
Social Development
Zone of proximal development
Moral Development or Morality
Conservation
16. Young children cannot differentiate between their own perspectives and feelings and someone elses
Noam Chomsky
Secure Attachment
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
Egocentrism
17. The 4th of Piaget's periods: beginning from 11 years. Form of intelligence in which higher level mental operations make possible logical reasoning with respect to abstract and hypothetical events and not merely concrete objects. Hypothetical Deductiv
Stage 4- Formal operations period
Self - efficacy
begining of imagination
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
18. The infant shows insecurity and signs of being disoriented
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
Teachers
Disorganized disoriented attachment
Language Development
19. Much of what we know about how children think feel and respond to the world come from him. His theory states that children predictable and orderly stages of cognitive development and at each stage they form a new way to operate and adapt to the world
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20. Remember Zone of Proximal Development - what can they do on their own - what can they do with help
Influential - personality - emotional
Teachers
Noam Chomsky
When assessing a child
21. WISC. IQ test designed for school - age children. Test assesses potential in many areas - including vocabulary - knowledge - memory - spatial comprehension
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - IQ Test
22. Drawing conclusions from specific examples to make a general conclusion - even when the conclusion is not accurate
Stage 4- Formal operations period
Inductive reasoning
Egocentrism
Erikson stage five
23. Language development; disagreed with Skinner about language acquisition - stated there is an infinite # of sentences in a language - humans have an inborn native ability to develop language
Noam Chomsky
Perceptual Motor Disability
Rough and tumble play
Conventional
24. Child uses caregiver as secure base from which to explore environment - example - Child freely separates from parent to play
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
3 essential elements of scaffolding
John Watson
Secure Attachment
25. Age - inappropriate sexual behavior or knowledge - Difficulty walking or sitting - Sudden onset of wetting or inflicted self - harm
Characteristics of sexual abuse
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
Constructive play
Audtory Perceptural Disability
26. 1. Physical Abuse 2. Physical Neglect 3. Sexual Abuse 4. Emotional Maltreatment
Categories of Abuse
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
Erikson stage three
Mental Retardation
27. Girls more fatty tissue than boys - Boys more muscle tissue - Height/weight about same - just distributed differently - Boys might tend to be slightly taller/heavier
Pretend or Imaginative play
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
play - social - emotional
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
28. Personality develops through a series of conflicts that are influenced by society. Eight Stages of age specific crisis we pass through in order to create an equilibrium between our self and society. Turning Points.
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29. Improves physical strength & coordination - If successful then self - esteem can be highly boosted via approval of peers
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
Animism
30. The tendency of the child to focus on only one piece of information at a time while disregarding all others
Gardner's Multiple Intelligence
Goodness of fit
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
Centration
31. Mother's age - Birth complications for younger & older mothers - Mother's nutrition
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
Conceptual - learning process
Diet - poor
32. Occurs when children take existing schemes and adjust them to fit their experience piano/keyboard
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
basis of temperament
Noam Chomsky
Accomodation
33. Stresses importance of advancing learning via observing & modeling the: behaviors - attitudes - emotional reactions of others
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34. Considerable interest in - Struggle with eating disorders possible
Constructive play
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
Characteristics of sexual abuse
Constructive play
35. Vygotsky - Every function in a child's cultural development appears twice -- when?
Its own sake
1
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Secure Attachment
36. Children transform symbols into make believe play also pretending
Reasoning
Pretend or Imaginative play
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
Language - cognitive - socially
37. ndustry vs. Inferiority (6 years - puberty) - Mastering knowledge and intellectual skills - enthusiastic about learning - imagination - Inferiority if feelings of incompetence and unproductiveness arise. If inferiority out weights industry - low self
Erikson stage four
Operant conditioning
Transducive reasoning
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
38. By understanding Piaget's stages of cognitive development - teachers can avoid presenting material in the classroom that is beyond the...
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39. 12: girls taller/boys weigh more - 13/14: boys taller & weigh more - 18: boys 4' taller 20 lbs heavier - Acceleration large motor physical strength in boys - Clumsy initially -- fast growth arms/legs - Quickly acquire ease of movement
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
Secure Attachment
Erikson stage four
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
40. Varies greatly depending upon these factors: 1. The child 2. The experience 3. Its frequency 4. What is done about it
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41. The child uses words and images to form mental representations to remember objects without being physically present
Zone of proximal development
Child's cognitive ability
Conventional
Symbolic function substage
42. A study found that children could be described with 9 characteristics they then grouped into 3
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
Erikson stage four
Classical conditioning
Zone of proximal development
43. Trust vs. Mistrust - infancy to 1st year - Physical comfort - minimal fear and low apprehension about the future. Sets stage for life long expectation that world is good. The absence of trust can result in eaving the infant feeeling suspicious - guar
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
Erikson stage one
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
Bandura's beliefs
44. Play is critical to _____ advancement in children
How to help an abused child cope
Anger - sadness
Cognitive
Games with Rules
45. Most children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) show symptoms of both inattention and hyperactivity - but there are some children who are inattentive and do not show signs of hyperactivity; these children have Attention Deficit Dis
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Patterns of attachment
Teachers
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
46. Difficulty paying attention - Easily distracted - Show hyperactivity - Become frustrated easily - Difficulty controlling muscle or motor activity (constantly moving) - Difficulty staying on task - succumbing to whatever attracts their attention - Sho
Temperament
Bandura's beliefs
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
47. Child becomes upset when caregiver leaves - is upset during absence
Anxious resistant attachment
Disorganized disoriented attachment
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
48. Alcohol - Nicotine - Drugs
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
Bandura's beliefs
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
49. Sensorimotor - preoperational - concrete operations - formal operations
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50. Early childhood - 2 to 7 years - Egocentric focus on symbolic thought and imagination - This stage lasts from about two to seven years of age. During this stage - children get better at symbolic thought - but they can't yet reason. According to Piage
Stage 2- Preoperational period
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory