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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Behaviorism; emphasis on external behaviors of people and their reactions on a given situation; famous for Little Albert study in which baby was taught to fear a white rat
Growth and Development - Infancy
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
John Watson
Preconventional
2. Sternberg's theory that intelligence consists of analytical intelligence - creative intelligence - and practical intelligence
Language - cognitive - socially
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
3. Home environment influences much of a child's _____. Diets of minority families and socioeconomically deprived children are especially ____.
Diet - poor
Seriation
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
Animism
4. Difficulty paying attention - Easily distracted - Show hyperactivity - Become frustrated easily - Difficulty controlling muscle or motor activity (constantly moving) - Difficulty staying on task - succumbing to whatever attracts their attention - Sho
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
Schemas
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
Goodness of fit
5. The ability to draw conclusions about a relationship between two objects by knowing the relationship to a third object
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
Conceptual - learning process
Reasoning
Transitive Inference
6. Improves physical strength & coordination - If successful then self - esteem can be highly boosted via approval of peers
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
Assimilation
Influences on Development
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
7. Development is motivated by the search for a stable balance toward effective adaptations
Conceptual - learning process
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Equilibrium
Influential - personality - emotional
8. Preconventional - conventional - postconventional
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9. Considerable interest in - Struggle with eating disorders possible
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
Irreversibility
10. Girls more fatty tissue than boys - Boys more muscle tissue - Height/weight about same - just distributed differently - Boys might tend to be slightly taller/heavier
Goodness of fit
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
11. This is the ability of a child to arrange objects in logical progression
Irreversibility
Centration
Seriation
Functional play
12. Children transform symbols into make believe play also pretending
fat - sugar
Stage 4- Formal operations period
Pretend or Imaginative play
Postconventional
13. Mother's age - Birth complications for younger & older mothers - Mother's nutrition
Secure Attachment
Goodness of fit
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
Games with rules play
14. A learning disability characterized by substandard reading achievement due to the inability of the brain to process symbols; also known as a developmental reading disorder. Skip or reverse words. Confuses left and right reading.
Dyslexia
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Cognitive
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
15. Sensorimotor - preoperational - concrete operations - formal operations
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16. 1. Use of mediators for learning - A connection/intermediary between the child and that which is to be learned - E.g. - an adult or older child 2. Emphasis of language and shared activity for learning 3. Shared activity
3 essential elements of scaffolding
Reasoning
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
17. Environmental agents that can cause abnormalities in a fetus - Prevent or modify normal cell division - Danger - thus - greatest during embryonic stage (2-8 weeks)
Secure attachment
Kohlberg's three stages of moral development
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
18. Play is critical to _____ advancement in children
types of play
Cognitive
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development
19. Match between a child's temperament and environment or demands on child - Ex: quiet child in boisterous family - Ex: active child in scholarly family >
Secure Attachment
Goodness of fit
types of play
Characteristics of neglect
20. Sensorimotor movements manipulating objects in order to receive pleasure - Begins during infancy - Involves repetition of behavior/muscle movement - Can be engaged in throughout life
Conservation
Functional play
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Child's cognitive ability
21. 1. Physical Abuse 2. Physical Neglect 3. Sexual Abuse 4. Emotional Maltreatment
Rough - and - Tumble
Categories of Abuse
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
Seriation
22. Initiative vs. Guilt (3-5 years - preschool years) - - As challenges occur - initiative is needed for purposeful behavior - responsibility for body - behavior - toys - pets - etc...The child may feel like anything he does may dissappoint people aroun
Constructive play
Transitive Inference
Object permanence
Erikson stage three
23. Collective set of inborn traits help to construct a child's approach to the world
Intelligence
Temperament
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Secure attachment
24. Secure attachment is fundamental to a child's ability to emotionally and biologically self - regulate
Influences on Development
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
Kohlberg's three stages of moral development
Anger - sadness
25. Miscarriage - Low birth weight - Poor respiratory functioning
begining of imagination
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
Some causes of child maltreatment
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
26. A collective set of inborn traits that help to construct a child's approach to the world
Temperament
Language - cognitive - socially
Why teachers must familiar with signs and symptoms of child abuse
Conventional
27. By 10-12 girls/boys same height/weight - Vast differences gross fine motor skills - Boys' leg/arm muscle coordination stronger - Run faster; jump - catch - throw - kick farther - Girls: stronger fine motor skills - More coordinated hand - manipulatio
begining of imagination
Preconventional
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Erikson stage four
28. Boys/girls about same weight/height - Girls growing only slightly slower than boys
Symbolic function substage
Transducive reasoning
Moral Development or Morality
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
29. Varies greatly depending upon these factors: 1. The child 2. The experience 3. Its frequency 4. What is done about it
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30. Modern descendent of the first successful intelligence test that measures general intelligence and four factors verbal reasoning - quantitative reasoning - spatial reasoning - and short - term memory.
Scaffolding
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
Inductive reasoning
Mixed temperaments
31. 2 most common feelings a child presents surrounding abuse
Anger - sadness
Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory
Assimilation
Cognitive Development
32. Children learn from operating in the environment
Object permanence
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
Operant conditioning
Games with Rules
33. Identity vs. Identity Confusion (10-20 years - adolescence) - Finding out who they are - what they are all about - where they are going in life. - Confronted with new roles and adult statuses (vocational and romantic) - Identity confusion occurs when
Conventional
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
Erikson stage five
Secure Attachment
34. Vygotsky - Every function in a child's cultural development appears twice -- when?
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Constructive play
Mixed temperaments
Seriation
35. Age - inappropriate sexual behavior or knowledge - Difficulty walking or sitting - Sudden onset of wetting or inflicted self - harm
Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory
Characteristics of sexual abuse
Erikson stage two
3 essential elements of scaffolding
36. Vygotsky believed _____ is an essential aspect of cultural development and that _____ growth and language are _____ based
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
Transitive Inference
Language - cognitive - socially
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
37. Based on what can be observed and learned through experience in the child's environment. Learning behavior theories: Ivan Pavlov's and John Watson's classical conditioning B.F. Skinner's operant conditioning. Social theories in understanding child de
Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory
Social Development
Goodness of fit
Value of shared activity?
38. Alcohol - Nicotine - Drugs
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
Characteristics of neglect
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
39. Type of play begins during infancy with sensorimotor movements manipulating objects on order to receive pleasure
Erikson stage three
Functional play
Language - cognitive - socially
John Watson
40. 1. Functional 2. Constructive 3. Pretend or Imaginative 4. Rough - and - Tumble 5. Games with Rules
Disorganized disoriented attachment
types of play
Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
41. Play is a social activity children engage in just for...
Anxious resistant attachment
Its own sake
Mental Retardation
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
42. Children observe adult repeatedly punching & knocking down inflated doll - Later - children imitated aggressive behavior in classroom
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
Growth and Development - Adolescence
Bobo doll experiment
43. Recognition that objects and events continue to exist even when they are not visible
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
Erikson stage five
Object permanence
basis of temperament
44. 8 intelligences - intelligence and talent are two different things. Eight intelligences are linguistic - musical - logical - mathematical - spatial - bodily - kinesthetic - interpersonal - naturalistic - existential
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45. Mood - generally - Environment - Activity - Threshold for reacting to stimulation
Child's cognitive ability
Schemas
basis of temperament
1
46. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. he is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
Secure Attachment
1
B.F. Skinner
47. 1. release physical energy 2. gain mastery over their bodies 3. acquire new motor skills 4. form better relationships among peers 5. try out new social rules 6. advance cognitive development 7. practice and explore new competencies
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
Effect of play
Gardner's Multiple Intelligence
48. Children actively construct their knowledge through society
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
Transducive reasoning
Games with Rules
Mixed temperaments
49. 12: girls taller/boys weigh more - 13/14: boys taller & weigh more - 18: boys 4' taller 20 lbs heavier - Acceleration large motor physical strength in boys - Clumsy initially -- fast growth arms/legs - Quickly acquire ease of movement
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
Accomodation
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
Scaffolding
50. The infant uses the caregiver as the secure base to explore the environment
Characteristics of sexual abuse
Secure attachment
Erikson stage three
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence