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CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2
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cset
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teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Modern descendent of the first successful intelligence test that measures general intelligence and four factors verbal reasoning - quantitative reasoning - spatial reasoning - and short - term memory.
Its own sake
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
Anger - sadness
1
2. Hard of Hearing. Appear lost or confused.
Postconventional
Ivan Pavlov
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
Audtory Perceptural Disability
3. Vygotsky believed _____ is an essential aspect of cultural development and that _____ growth and language are _____ based
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Language - cognitive - socially
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
Constructive play
4. Infancy - Birth to 2 years - infants physical response to the immediate surroundings - Infants learn of their environments through sensation and movement. Egocentrism - infants are the center of their universe.
Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory
Constructive play
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
5. Sensorimotor - preoperational - concrete operations - formal operations
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6. Children make errors in their thinking because they cannot understand that an operation moves in more than one direction
Centration
Rough - and - Tumble
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
Irreversibility
7. 1. Teachers can use behavior modification in the classroom as a learning tool (altering the environment or situation to produce a more favorable outcome) 2. Teachers can reinforce positive behavior to produce subsequent desirable behaviors (e.g. - po
Anger - sadness
Dyslexia
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
8. The infant readily separates from the caregiver and actively avoids the parent upon return
3 essential elements of scaffolding
Metacognition
Diet - poor
Anxious avoidant attachment
9. 2 most common feelings a child presents surrounding abuse
Equilibrium
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
Patterns of attachment
Anger - sadness
10. ndustry vs. Inferiority (6 years - puberty) - Mastering knowledge and intellectual skills - enthusiastic about learning - imagination - Inferiority if feelings of incompetence and unproductiveness arise. If inferiority out weights industry - low self
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
Erikson stage four
How to help an abused child cope
11. ____ theorists agree that ____ activities serve a valuable function in the development of important ____ and ____ skills in children.
Stage 4- Formal operations period
Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
play - social - emotional
12. Children respond automatically since they have formed an association between a stimulus and the response
Influential - personality - emotional
Classical conditioning
Anger - sadness
Functional play
13. The infant shows insecurity and signs of being disoriented
Temperament
Animism
Disorganized disoriented attachment
Dyslexia
14. 1. Child is physically injured by other than accidental means 2. child is subjected to willful cruelty or unjustifiable punishment 3. child is abused or exploited sexually 4. child is neglected by a parent or caretaker who fails to provide adequate f
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
Games with Rules
Transducive reasoning
Piaget's Contributions
15. Piaget suggested that a child's mind seeks a ________________. At each stage - children form a new way to operate and adapt to the world.
State of equilibrium
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - IQ Test
Casual Reasoning
Social Development
16. Initiative vs. Guilt (3-5 years - preschool years) - - As challenges occur - initiative is needed for purposeful behavior - responsibility for body - behavior - toys - pets - etc...The child may feel like anything he does may dissappoint people aroun
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
Temperament
Language Development
Erikson stage three
17. The tendency of the child to focus on only one piece of information at a time while disregarding all others
Transitive Inference
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Operant conditioning
Centration
18. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning through the salvation of dogs on the ringing of a bell.
Ivan Pavlov
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Secure Attachment
Postconventional
19. Birth to 2 years old - Grow faster in this period than any other
Goodness of fit
Growth and Development - Infancy
Pretend or Imaginative play
Scaffolding
20. Occurs when children take existing schemes and adjust them to fit their experience piano/keyboard
Egocentrism
Accomodation
Functional play
Scaffolding
21. Secure attachment is fundamental to a child's ability to emotionally and biologically self - regulate
Temperament
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
Mental Retardation
Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory
22. Alcohol - Nicotine - Drugs
Effect of play
State of equilibrium
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
basis of temperament
23. The infant uses the caregiver as the secure base to explore the environment
Scaffolding
Secure attachment
Erikson stage three
Why teachers must familiar with signs and symptoms of child abuse
24. Ages 13 to adult in which morality is judged by abstract principles rather than existing rules that govern society and looking into oneself - Involves working out a personal code of ethics. Allows for the possibility of noncompliance with society's r
Pretend or Imaginative play
Language - cognitive - socially
Operant conditioning
Postconventional
25. A study found that children could be described with 9 characteristics they then grouped into 3
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
BMI (body mass index)
Child's cognitive ability
Mixed temperaments
26. Children who don't fall into an easy/difficult/cautious category have...
1
Mixed temperaments
Centration
Erikson stage one
27. Educational Implications of Language Development: Teachers must be aware that the process of language development is multifaceted - including...
basis of temperament
Cognitive
Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
28. Play is a social activity children engage in just for...
Its own sake
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Anger - sadness
Play therapy
29. Development is motivated by the search for a stable balance toward effective adaptations
Equilibrium
Seriation
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
Constructive play
30. Developed with Physical structures to produce sounds - cognitive structures to produce thought process - and social structures to experience language through learning and practicing.
Scaffolding
Language Development
Anxious avoidant attachment
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
31. Tag - chase - wrestling - Begins about the end of early childhood - Most popular during middle childhood
Assimilation
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
Rough - and - Tumble
32. Transformation of symbols into make - believe play - Pretending helps to build a child's imagination - Imagination boundless at this time - Preschool years
Cognitive Development
Dyslexia
Pretend or Imaginative play
types of play
33. A collective set of inborn traits that help to construct a child's approach to the world
Temperament
Conceptual - learning process
Educational Implications of Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
fat - sugar
34. Piaget quantified the __________________ - suggesting that there are predictable and orderly developmental accomplishments. Children can be tested at each stage to verify their level of cognitive understanding.
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
1
Educational Implications of Moral Development
Conceptual - learning process
35. Vygotsky - Every function in a child's cultural development appears twice -- when?
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
Noam Chomsky
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
36. Using objects to make something - Combines sensorimotor movements and creation/construction of something - Toddlers & preschoolers
Constructive play
Symbolic function substage
Scaffolding
Noam Chomsky
37. Come from both heredity and environment. Many typical changes during childhood are related to maturation. Individual differences tend to increase with age
Erikson stage four
Assimilation
Scaffolding
Influences on Development
38. Stresses importance of advancing learning via observing & modeling the: behaviors - attitudes - emotional reactions of others
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39. Improves physical strength & coordination - If successful then self - esteem can be highly boosted via approval of peers
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
Conventional
Temperament
40. Collective set of inborn traits help to construct a child's approach to the world
Stage 4- Formal operations period
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
Temperament
Egocentrism
41. The 4th of Piaget's periods: beginning from 11 years. Form of intelligence in which higher level mental operations make possible logical reasoning with respect to abstract and hypothetical events and not merely concrete objects. Hypothetical Deductiv
Accomodation
Pretend or Imaginative play
Stage 4- Formal operations period
Growth and Development - Adolescence
42. Children imitate behavior through: socialization - by learning gender roles - by self - reinforcement - by self - efficacy - and - via other aspects of personality
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43. Child uses caregiver as secure base from which to explore environment - example - Child freely separates from parent to play
Self - efficacy
Secure Attachment
Erikson stage two
Noam Chomsky
44. The child uses words and images to form mental representations to remember objects without being physically present
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
Symbolic function substage
Bandura's beliefs
B.F. Skinner
45. Girls more fatty tissue than boys - Boys more muscle tissue - Height/weight about same - just distributed differently - Boys might tend to be slightly taller/heavier
Erikson stage three
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
46. Condition of significantly sub - average intelligence combined with deficiencies in adaptive behavior; implies an inability to perform at least some of the ordinary tasks of daily living skills; IQ of 0-70 in categories of mild - moderate - severe -
Mental Retardation
begining of imagination
How to help an abused child cope
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
47. Ages 10 -13 in which children are more concerned about the opinions of their peers. Second level of Kohlberg's stages of moral development in which the child's behavior is governed by conforming to the society's norms of behavior
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
Conventional
Categories of Abuse
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
48. Young children cannot differentiate between their own perspectives and feelings and someone elses
Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory
fat - sugar
Classical conditioning
Egocentrism
49. Strongly improves child's problem - solving abilities - E.g. reading buddies
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
Value of shared activity?
Constructive play
Pretend or Imaginative play
50. Miscarriage - Low birth weight - Poor respiratory functioning
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
Centration
Goodness of fit
Constructive play
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