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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2
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Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Formation of: body parts - major organs
Irreversibility
1
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Stage 2- Preoperational period
2. Based on what can be observed and learned through experience in the child's environment. Learning behavior theories: Ivan Pavlov's and John Watson's classical conditioning B.F. Skinner's operant conditioning. Social theories in understanding child de
Conservation
Social Development
B.F. Skinner
Functional play
3. The child uses words and images to form mental representations to remember objects without being physically present
Temperament
Symbolic function substage
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
1
4. The way children incorporate new information with existing schemes in order to form a new cognitive structure - fitting the new knowledge into a template of existing schemes
Assimilation
basis of temperament
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
Erikson stage one
5. Varies greatly depending upon these factors: 1. The child 2. The experience 3. Its frequency 4. What is done about it
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6. Allow the student to sit behind others so that the student won't disturb others - and teach the student to tap his pencil on a sleeve or leg instead of the table
1
Inductive reasoning
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
7. By 10-12 girls/boys same height/weight - Vast differences gross fine motor skills - Boys' leg/arm muscle coordination stronger - Run faster; jump - catch - throw - kick farther - Girls: stronger fine motor skills - More coordinated hand - manipulatio
Irreversibility
Conventional
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Constructive play
8. Behaviorism; emphasis on external behaviors of people and their reactions on a given situation; famous for Little Albert study in which baby was taught to fear a white rat
John Watson
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
Educational Implications of Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
Self - efficacy
9. Altering the environment or situation to produce a more favorable outcome
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
Behavior modification
Noam Chomsky
How to help an abused child cope
10. At about 18 months
Educational Implications of Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
Casual Reasoning
Seriation
begining of imagination
11. Piaget quantified the __________________ - suggesting that there are predictable and orderly developmental accomplishments. Children can be tested at each stage to verify their level of cognitive understanding.
Conceptual - learning process
Anger - sadness
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
Constructive play
12. Most children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) show symptoms of both inattention and hyperactivity - but there are some children who are inattentive and do not show signs of hyperactivity; these children have Attention Deficit Dis
Noam Chomsky
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
Conventional
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
13. Children transform symbols into make believe play also pretending
Pretend or Imaginative play
Conventional
Zone of proximal development
Conservation
14. Formulating a specific hypothesis from any given general theory - what might be
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
Functional play
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
Rough - and - Tumble
15. Children observe adult repeatedly punching & knocking down inflated doll - Later - children imitated aggressive behavior in classroom
Stage 2- Preoperational period
Bobo doll experiment
Mixed temperaments
Mental Retardation
16. Trust vs. Mistrust - infancy to 1st year - Physical comfort - minimal fear and low apprehension about the future. Sets stage for life long expectation that world is good. The absence of trust can result in eaving the infant feeeling suspicious - guar
Erikson stage one
Rough - and - Tumble
Growth and Development - Adolescence
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
17. Child uses caregiver as secure base from which to explore environment - example - Child freely separates from parent to play
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
Secure Attachment
Erikson stage two
Value of shared activity?
18. The infant shows insecurity and signs of being disoriented
Anger - sadness
Growth and Development - Adolescence
Disorganized disoriented attachment
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
19. Child readily separates from parent - Actively avoids parent upon reunion
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
How to help an abused child cope
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
20. Young children cannot differentiate between their own perspectives and feelings and someone elses
Seriation
Egocentrism
Erikson stage two
Secure attachment
21. Miscarriage - Low birth weight - Poor respiratory functioning
Cognitive Development
Disorganized disoriented attachment
Characteristics of neglect
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
22. Improves physical strength & coordination - If successful then self - esteem can be highly boosted via approval of peers
Noam Chomsky
Seriation
Language Development
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
23. 1. Child is physically injured by other than accidental means 2. child is subjected to willful cruelty or unjustifiable punishment 3. child is abused or exploited sexually 4. child is neglected by a parent or caretaker who fails to provide adequate f
Physical sounds - cognitive thought - and social interactions
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
Stage 2- Preoperational period
Growth and Development - Adolescence
24. Considerable interest in - Struggle with eating disorders possible
Why teachers must familiar with signs and symptoms of child abuse
Gardner's Multiple Intelligence
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
25. Sensorimotor - preoperational - concrete operations - formal operations
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26. Children actively construct their knowledge through society
Kohlberg's three stages of moral development
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
Teachers
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
27. 7-11 years old - Many children grow about 2'/year
Goodness of fit
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
Why teachers must familiar with signs and symptoms of child abuse
28. Mood - generally - Environment - Activity - Threshold for reacting to stimulation
Erikson stage three
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
basis of temperament
Audtory Perceptural Disability
29. Ages 10 -13 in which children are more concerned about the opinions of their peers. Second level of Kohlberg's stages of moral development in which the child's behavior is governed by conforming to the society's norms of behavior
Symbolic function substage
Conventional
Child's cognitive ability
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
30. Identity vs. Identity Confusion (10-20 years - adolescence) - Finding out who they are - what they are all about - where they are going in life. - Confronted with new roles and adult statuses (vocational and romantic) - Identity confusion occurs when
Erikson stage five
John Watson
Symbolic function substage
Diet - poor
31. Mental structure in which childrens knowledge is ordered into
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Schemas
3 essential elements of scaffolding
Cognitive Development
32. Mental retardation via FAS - FAS: Fetal Alcohol Syndrome - Low birth weight - Unusual facial characteristics
Value of shared activity?
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
Educational Implications of Moral Development
33. Middle childhood - 7 to 11 years - mastery of conservation the child begins to think logically - (7-11 yrs) Children understand conservation - less egocentrism - understand hierarchal classification - can focus on multiple aspects at a time. Children
Pretend or Imaginative play
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
Anxious resistant attachment
Influences on Development
34. Tag - chasing - wrestling
Rough and tumble play
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
Functional play
Constructive play
35. Sensorimotor movements manipulating objects in order to receive pleasure - Begins during infancy - Involves repetition of behavior/muscle movement - Can be engaged in throughout life
Characteristics of sexual abuse
Functional play
Diet - poor
Characteristics of physical abuse
36. Piaget suggested that a child's mind seeks a ________________. At each stage - children form a new way to operate and adapt to the world.
State of equilibrium
Stage 2- Preoperational period
Noam Chomsky
Perceptual Motor Disability
37. Development is motivated by the search for a stable balance toward effective adaptations
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Perceptual Motor Disability
Equilibrium
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
38. The infant readily separates from the caregiver and actively avoids the parent upon return
Anxious avoidant attachment
Erikson stage four
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
39. Belief in the ability to do things on one's own
Self - efficacy
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
Growth and Development - Infancy
Functional play
40. Girls more fatty tissue than boys - Boys more muscle tissue - Height/weight about same - just distributed differently - Boys might tend to be slightly taller/heavier
Characteristics of neglect
Diet - poor
Intelligence
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
41. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning through the salvation of dogs on the ringing of a bell.
Ivan Pavlov
Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory
Metacognition
Gardner's Multiple Intelligence
42. 1. Secure Attachment 2. Anxious - Resistant Attachment 3. Anxious - Avoidant Attachment 4. Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Goodness of fit
Patterns of attachment
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
43. Much of what we know about how children think feel and respond to the world come from him. His theory states that children predictable and orderly stages of cognitive development and at each stage they form a new way to operate and adapt to the world
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44. Alcohol - Nicotine - Drugs
Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Common Teratogens
Perceptual Motor Disability
Reasoning
45. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. he is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
B.F. Skinner
Erikson stage four
46. Environmental agents that can cause abnormalities in a fetus - Prevent or modify normal cell division - Danger - thus - greatest during embryonic stage (2-8 weeks)
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Secure attachment
Cognitive
Language Development
47. Be consistent and write down predictable outlines - schedules - and deadlines - Demonstrate and model appropriate behavior - giving positive reinforcement - Talk slowly - making eye contact when possible - and keep conversations brief - Keep peripher
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
Bobo doll experiment
Cognitive
48. 2 most common feelings a child presents surrounding abuse
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
Object permanence
Anger - sadness
Anxious resistant attachment
49. The infant becomes anxious before the caregiver leaves and is upset during their absence
Influential - personality - emotional
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
Anxious resistant attachment
Scaffolding
50. Refers to children believing that non - living objects have lifelike qualities
begining of imagination
Animism
Anger - sadness
basic groups of temperament