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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2
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Subjects
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cset
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teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Child uses caregiver as secure base from which to explore environment - example - Child freely separates from parent to play
Perceptual Motor Disability
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
B.F. Skinner
Secure Attachment
2. Be consistent and write down predictable outlines - schedules - and deadlines - Demonstrate and model appropriate behavior - giving positive reinforcement - Talk slowly - making eye contact when possible - and keep conversations brief - Keep peripher
Diet - poor
Erikson stage four
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
3. The temporary support system from a teacher or older peer to support the child until the task can be mastered alone
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
Child's cognitive ability
Categories of Abuse
Scaffolding
4. Match between a child's temperament and environment or demands on child - Ex: quiet child in boisterous family - Ex: active child in scholarly family >
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
Goodness of fit
Pretend or Imaginative play
Diet - poor
5. A successful childhood counseling treatment b/c it allows children to feel less threatened while working out conflicts and expressing their unresolved feelings
Perceptual Motor Disability
Play therapy
Patterns of attachment
3 essential elements of scaffolding
6. Language development; disagreed with Skinner about language acquisition - stated there is an infinite # of sentences in a language - humans have an inborn native ability to develop language
Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory
Noam Chomsky
Object permanence
Dyslexia
7. ____ theorists agree that ____ activities serve a valuable function in the development of important ____ and ____ skills in children.
play - social - emotional
Goodness of fit
Ivan Pavlov
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
8. ndustry vs. Inferiority (6 years - puberty) - Mastering knowledge and intellectual skills - enthusiastic about learning - imagination - Inferiority if feelings of incompetence and unproductiveness arise. If inferiority out weights industry - low self
Erikson stage four
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
Anxious avoidant attachment
Influential - personality - emotional
9. According to the Individuals with disabilities Act or IDEA all children with disabilities are guaranteed a free - appropriate publec education.
Categories of Abuse
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
10. Birth to 2 years old - Grow faster in this period than any other
Ivan Pavlov
Rough and tumble play
Growth and Development - Infancy
Irreversibility
11. 12-18 years old - Puberty - Growth spurts and concomitant clumsiness
Growth and Development - Adolescence
Mixed temperaments
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Drugs
types of play
12. Based on what can be observed and learned through experience in the child's environment. Learning behavior theories: Ivan Pavlov's and John Watson's classical conditioning B.F. Skinner's operant conditioning. Social theories in understanding child de
Metacognition
Growth and Development - Adolescence
Influential - personality - emotional
Social Development
13. Sensorimotor movements manipulating objects in order to receive pleasure - Begins during infancy - Involves repetition of behavior/muscle movement - Can be engaged in throughout life
Functional play
Transitive Inference
Anxious resistant attachment
Metacognition
14. A learning disability characterized by substandard reading achievement due to the inability of the brain to process symbols; also known as a developmental reading disorder. Skip or reverse words. Confuses left and right reading.
How to help an abused child cope
Dyslexia
Teachers
Child's reaction to abuse
15. Difficulty paying attention - Easily distracted - Show hyperactivity - Become frustrated easily - Difficulty controlling muscle or motor activity (constantly moving) - Difficulty staying on task - succumbing to whatever attracts their attention - Sho
begining of imagination
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Nicotine
Behaviors related to hyperactivity or attention disability
Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory
16. 1. Physical Abuse 2. Physical Neglect 3. Sexual Abuse 4. Emotional Maltreatment
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
Piaget's Contributions
Why teachers must familiar with signs and symptoms of child abuse
Categories of Abuse
17. 12: girls taller/boys weigh more - 13/14: boys taller & weigh more - 18: boys 4' taller 20 lbs heavier - Acceleration large motor physical strength in boys - Clumsy initially -- fast growth arms/legs - Quickly acquire ease of movement
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
Child's reaction to abuse
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
Pretend or Imaginative play
18. Mental retardation via FAS - FAS: Fetal Alcohol Syndrome - Low birth weight - Unusual facial characteristics
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
Goodness of fit
19. Often during elementary school - Have rules - are competitive - pleasurable - Preschool games more about taking turns - Replace around age 12 by practice play and organized sports - Can be engaged in throughout life
Goodness of fit
Games with Rules
Temperament
Growth and Development - Early Childhood
20. An internalized set of rules influencing the feelings - thoughts and behavior of an individual in deciding what is right and wrong.
Scaffolding
Functional play
Self - efficacy
Moral Development or Morality
21. Vygotsky - Every function in a child's cultural development appears twice -- when?
Educational Implications of Moral Development
Influential - personality - emotional
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - Under CA law abuse includes these situations
22. 8 intelligences - intelligence and talent are two different things. Eight intelligences are linguistic - musical - logical - mathematical - spatial - bodily - kinesthetic - interpersonal - naturalistic - existential
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23. A study found that children could be described with 9 characteristics they then grouped into 3
Anger - sadness
Cognitive Development
Kohlberg's three stages of moral development
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
24. Formation of: body parts - major organs
Teachers
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
25. Sensorimotor - preoperational - concrete operations - formal operations
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26. Child becomes upset when caregiver leaves - is upset during absence
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
Disorganized disoriented attachment
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
State of equilibrium
27. Mother's age - Birth complications for younger & older mothers - Mother's nutrition
Influential - personality - emotional
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
Postconventional
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
28. Young children cannot differentiate between their own perspectives and feelings and someone elses
Egocentrism
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Symbolic function substage
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
29. The ability to draw conclusions about a relationship between two objects by knowing the relationship to a third object
Transitive Inference
Mental Retardation
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
Symbolic function substage
30. 7-11 years old - Many children grow about 2'/year
Noam Chomsky
Metacognition
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
Constructive play
31. The distance between a child's actual performance and a child's potential performance
Seriation
B.F. Skinner
Zone of proximal development
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
32. Play is critical to _____ advancement in children
Cognitive
Secure attachment
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
Erikson stage three
33. Through repetition (and based upon the child's experience) - learning is predictable - Teachers can help children be successful by making their world more orderly and predictable - Teachers will recognize that a child's learned experiences can accou
Constructive play
Pretend or Imaginative play
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
Games with rules play
34. Identity vs. Identity Confusion (10-20 years - adolescence) - Finding out who they are - what they are all about - where they are going in life. - Confronted with new roles and adult statuses (vocational and romantic) - Identity confusion occurs when
Erikson stage five
Constructive play
Mental Retardation
Conceptual - learning process
35. 1. Functional 2. Constructive 3. Pretend or Imaginative 4. Rough - and - Tumble 5. Games with Rules
types of play
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Symbolic function substage
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
36. Children who don't fall into an easy/difficult/cautious category have...
Play therapy
Erikson stage three
Irreversibility
Mixed temperaments
37. Ages 10 -13 in which children are more concerned about the opinions of their peers. Second level of Kohlberg's stages of moral development in which the child's behavior is governed by conforming to the society's norms of behavior
Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory
Conventional
Value of shared activity?
Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development
38. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. he is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a
B.F. Skinner
Seriation
Diet - poor
Erikson stage four
39. Children make errors in their thinking because they cannot understand that an operation moves in more than one direction
Social Development
Irreversibility
B.F. Skinner
Animism
40. Mandatory Child Abuse Reporting Law - ______________ are mandated reporters of child abuse
Accomodation
Teachers
Metacognition
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
41. Behaviorism; emphasis on external behaviors of people and their reactions on a given situation; famous for Little Albert study in which baby was taught to fear a white rat
Kohlberg's three stages of moral development
BMI (body mass index)
Transducive reasoning
John Watson
42. Temperament traits are _____ in development of _____ and way a child shows _____ responses.
Influential - personality - emotional
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
Self - efficacy
Functional play
43. 1. Use of mediators for learning - A connection/intermediary between the child and that which is to be learned - E.g. - an adult or older child 2. Emphasis of language and shared activity for learning 3. Shared activity
1
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
3 essential elements of scaffolding
Conceptual - learning process
44. 1. Provides an alternative to behavior theorists' belief that children are merely passive learners. Children actively move through operational stages.
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45. Transformation of symbols into make - believe play - Pretending helps to build a child's imagination - Imagination boundless at this time - Preschool years
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
Language Development
Why teachers must familiar with signs and symptoms of child abuse
Pretend or Imaginative play
46. Children actively construct their knowledge through society
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
Vygotsky - Premise of his theory
Dyslexia
BMI (body mass index)
47. WISC. IQ test designed for school - age children. Test assesses potential in many areas - including vocabulary - knowledge - memory - spatial comprehension
Inductive reasoning
Child's reaction to abuse
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - IQ Test
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
48. Type of play begins during infancy with sensorimotor movements manipulating objects on order to receive pleasure
Animism
Transitive Inference
Functional play
Casual Reasoning
49. Considerable interest in - Struggle with eating disorders possible
Anxious avoidant attachment
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
Self - efficacy
Operant conditioning
50. Improves physical strength & coordination - If successful then self - esteem can be highly boosted via approval of peers
Erikson stage four
Child's reaction to abuse
Stage 4- Formal operations period
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
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