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Test your basic knowledge |
CSET Subtest III: Human Development - 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
cset
,
teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. ____ theorists agree that ____ activities serve a valuable function in the development of important ____ and ____ skills in children.
Growth and Development - Early Childhood -- gender diffs
begining of imagination
Influences on Development
play - social - emotional
2. Children who don't fall into an easy/difficult/cautious category have...
Mixed temperaments
Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development
Stage 4- Formal operations period
Accomodation
3. Ages 10 -13 in which children are more concerned about the opinions of their peers. Second level of Kohlberg's stages of moral development in which the child's behavior is governed by conforming to the society's norms of behavior
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Conceptual - learning process
Conventional
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
4. By understanding Piaget's stages of cognitive development - teachers can avoid presenting material in the classroom that is beyond the...
5. Identity vs. Identity Confusion (10-20 years - adolescence) - Finding out who they are - what they are all about - where they are going in life. - Confronted with new roles and adult statuses (vocational and romantic) - Identity confusion occurs when
Temperament
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - IQ Test
Pretend or Imaginative play
Erikson stage five
6. Hard of Hearing. Appear lost or confused.
Scaffolding
Audtory Perceptural Disability
Categories of Abuse
Attention Hyperactivity Disorders
7. Vygotsky - Every function in a child's cultural development appears twice -- when?
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Effect of play
Metacognition
Constructive play
8. Formulating a specific hypothesis from any given general theory - what might be
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
Equilibrium
Accomodation
9. 1. Teachers can use behavior modification in the classroom as a learning tool (altering the environment or situation to produce a more favorable outcome) 2. Teachers can reinforce positive behavior to produce subsequent desirable behaviors (e.g. - po
Mental Retardation
Scaffolding
Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning
Erikson stage one
10. Child readily separates from parent - Actively avoids parent upon reunion
Transitive Inference
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
Perceptual Motor Disability
Child's reaction to abuse
11. Mother's age - Birth complications for younger & older mothers - Mother's nutrition
Child's cognitive ability
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Pretend or Imaginative play
12. Young children cannot differentiate between their own perspectives and feelings and someone elses
Characteristics of sexual abuse
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
Metacognition
Egocentrism
13. Be consistent and write down predictable outlines - schedules - and deadlines - Demonstrate and model appropriate behavior - giving positive reinforcement - Talk slowly - making eye contact when possible - and keep conversations brief - Keep peripher
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Rough - and - Tumble
Scaffolding
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
14. The temporary support system from a teacher or older peer to support the child until the task can be mastered alone
Scaffolding
Stage 2- Preoperational period
Bobo doll experiment
Schemas
15. Secure attachment is fundamental to a child's ability to emotionally and biologically self - regulate
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Schemas
Mary Ainsworth attachment theory
Social Development
16. Belief in the ability to do things on one's own
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Self - efficacy
3 essential elements of scaffolding
Educational Implications for Children with Learning Disabilities
17. The tendency of the child to focus on only one piece of information at a time while disregarding all others
Scaffolding
Rough and tumble play
Centration
3 essential elements of scaffolding
18. Refers to the match between a child's temperament and environmental demands the child must deal with
Anxious - Resistant Attachment
Erikson stage one
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Teratogens
Goodness of fit
19. Trust vs. Mistrust - infancy to 1st year - Physical comfort - minimal fear and low apprehension about the future. Sets stage for life long expectation that world is good. The absence of trust can result in eaving the infant feeeling suspicious - guar
Erikson stage three
Patterns of attachment
Cognitive
Erikson stage one
20. Through repetition (and based upon the child's experience) - learning is predictable - Teachers can help children be successful by making their world more orderly and predictable - Teachers will recognize that a child's learned experiences can accou
Games with rules play
Educational Implications of Classical Conditioning
Guideline for dealing with hyperactive children
Anxious resistant attachment
21. Development is motivated by the search for a stable balance toward effective adaptations
play - social - emotional
Equilibrium
Child's reaction to abuse
Perceptual Motor Disability
22. Poor hygiene - E.g. - soiled clothes - dirty hair - body odor - Poor nutrition - E.g. - excessive hunger - weight loss
Thomas & Chess temperament theory
Pretend or Imaginative play
Characteristics of neglect
Functional play
23. Children believe that their thoughts can cause actions whether or not the experiences have a casual relationship - when I move the clouds move - god moves - sun moves - wind currents move
Casual Reasoning
Goodness of fit
play - social - emotional
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - IQ Test
24. Piaget suggested that a child's mind seeks a ________________. At each stage - children form a new way to operate and adapt to the world.
Secure Attachment
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
Mental Retardation
State of equilibrium
25. Bruises - Sores - Burns & Child's vague or reluctant response about where they originated
Influences on Development: 2 Other possible impacts on fetus development
Characteristics of physical abuse
Postconventional
Erikson stage three
26. Tag - chase - wrestling - Begins about the end of early childhood - Most popular during middle childhood
Stage 1- Sensorimotor stage
Conventional
1
Rough - and - Tumble
27. WISC. IQ test designed for school - age children. Test assesses potential in many areas - including vocabulary - knowledge - memory - spatial comprehension
Symbolic function substage
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - IQ Test
Anxious resistant attachment
Games with rules play
28. By 10-12 girls/boys same height/weight - Vast differences gross fine motor skills - Boys' leg/arm muscle coordination stronger - Run faster; jump - catch - throw - kick farther - Girls: stronger fine motor skills - More coordinated hand - manipulatio
Stanford - Binet Intelligence Scale - IQ Test
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Characteristics of sexual abuse
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood - gender differences
29. 8 intelligences - intelligence and talent are two different things. Eight intelligences are linguistic - musical - logical - mathematical - spatial - bodily - kinesthetic - interpersonal - naturalistic - existential
30. Age - inappropriate sexual behavior or knowledge - Difficulty walking or sitting - Sudden onset of wetting or inflicted self - harm
Assimilation
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
1st between people - 2nd internally w/in child
Characteristics of sexual abuse
31. 1. release physical energy 2. gain mastery over their bodies 3. acquire new motor skills 4. form better relationships among peers 5. try out new social rules 6. advance cognitive development 7. practice and explore new competencies
Effect of play
Reasoning
Anxious avoidant attachment
Stage 4- Formal operations period
32. While 1 or 2 symptoms do not necessarily mean a child is abused - some common signs are...
BMI (body mass index)
When assessing a child
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
Operant conditioning
33. Piaget quantified the __________________ - suggesting that there are predictable and orderly developmental accomplishments. Children can be tested at each stage to verify their level of cognitive understanding.
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
Physical abuse - Neglect - Sexual abuse
Cognitive Development
Conceptual - learning process
34. The 4th of Piaget's periods: beginning from 11 years. Form of intelligence in which higher level mental operations make possible logical reasoning with respect to abstract and hypothetical events and not merely concrete objects. Hypothetical Deductiv
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Transducive reasoning
Stage 4- Formal operations period
35. Altering the environment or situation to produce a more favorable outcome
Goodness of fit
Guidelines for teachers to help children with learning disabilities
Audtory Perceptural Disability
Behavior modification
36. Developed with Physical structures to produce sounds - cognitive structures to produce thought process - and social structures to experience language through learning and practicing.
Language Development
Mixed temperaments
Anxious avoidant attachment
fat - sugar
37. The infant becomes anxious before the caregiver leaves and is upset during their absence
basis of temperament
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- body image
Mental Retardation
Anxious resistant attachment
38. The infant readily separates from the caregiver and actively avoids the parent upon return
Stage 3- Concrete operations period
Anxious avoidant attachment
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development
Functional play
39. Match between a child's temperament and environment or demands on child - Ex: quiet child in boisterous family - Ex: active child in scholarly family >
Influences on Development: Potential impact Teratogens on fetus: Alcohol
Goodness of fit
Cognitive
Transitive Inference
40. Transformations in a child's thought - language - and intelligence. Theories: 1. Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development 2. Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Development 3. Multi - theoretical perspectives of language - intelligence - and children with spe
Centration
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
Cognitive Development
41. Allow them to work through whatever range of feelings they have
Anxious avoidant attachment
Cognitive
How to help an abused child cope
Schemas
42. Sternberg's theory that intelligence consists of analytical intelligence - creative intelligence - and practical intelligence
Categories of Abuse
Constructive play
Disorganized - Disoriented Attachment
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
43. Children imitate behavior through: socialization - by learning gender roles - by self - reinforcement - by self - efficacy - and - via other aspects of personality
44. Language development; disagreed with Skinner about language acquisition - stated there is an infinite # of sentences in a language - humans have an inborn native ability to develop language
Ivan Pavlov
Cognitive Development
basic groups of temperament
Noam Chomsky
45. Transformation of symbols into make - believe play - Pretending helps to build a child's imagination - Imagination boundless at this time - Preschool years
Pretend or Imaginative play
Gardner's Multiple Intelligence
Growth and Development - Infancy -- gender differences
Growth and Development - Adolescence
46. Initiative vs. Guilt (3-5 years - preschool years) - - As challenges occur - initiative is needed for purposeful behavior - responsibility for body - behavior - toys - pets - etc...The child may feel like anything he does may dissappoint people aroun
Growth and Development - Middle Childhood
Social Development
Erikson stage three
Conventional
47. Formation of: body parts - major organs
Value of shared activity?
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- athletics -- boys
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Gardner's Multiple Intelligence
48. Play is critical to _____ advancement in children
Cognitive
Self - efficacy
Games with rules play
Hypothetical deductive reasoning
49. Children are not equipped: physically - emotionally - socially - compared to adult caregivers
Why teachers must familiar with signs and symptoms of child abuse
Influences on Development - Prenatal -- Embryonic stage 2-8 wks
Anxious - Avoidant Attachment
Zone of proximal development
50. The infant uses the caregiver as the secure base to explore the environment
Educational Implications of Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
Secure attachment
Growth and Development - Adolescence -- gender differences
Self - efficacy