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Dental Assisting: Head And Neck Anatomy

Subjects : health-sciences, dentistry

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Dental Sac
Distends the ramus - enters the mandibular foramen and bifurcates around the first premolar tooth to form the incisive and the mental arteries
Forms a large cavity above the roots of the maxillary molars
Band of fibrous tissue which attaches bone to bone
An enclosed area that matures into dentin - cementum and pulp

2. Proliferation
Where the ectoderm layer matures into the enamel
The tip of the chin
Teeth after cuspids
Fifth cusp located on the mesial surface lingual surface of maxillary first molars

3. Triangular Ridge
The deepest point of the vestibule
Descends from the cusp and widens as it runs down to the midline area of the occlusal surface
Two weeks thru 8th week
2 small raised folds of tissue where the lingual frenum attaches

4. Exfoliated
Full deep rich sound in nasal cavity
Incremental lines around the layers of the enamel matrix
Shed from the oral cavity
Composed of mucosa and surrounds the necks of the teeth

5. Cuspid
Third tooth from the midline
A faint line going from the ala of the nose to the corner of the mouth
A bat shaped bone which forms the anterior portion of the skull
Where the ramus meets the body of the mandible on the outside border

6. Sublingual Caruncles
Act to maintain the gingival integrity of the marginal gingiva
Primary and permanent
Oval structures that are located on the dorsal surface of the tongue
2 small raised folds of tissue where the lingual frenum attaches

7. When do the tooth buds appear?
Week 11
Resist rotational forces and hold teeth in inter-proximal contact
Supplies blood to the brain and the eyes
Respiratory system - digestive system and glandular organs

8. What are the 2 sets of teeth?
Primary and permanent
Drains the maxiallary artery and superficial temporal arteries
Maxillary third molar
Smaller - enamel thicker - pulp chamber is larger is larger - bifurcation wider

9. Alveolar Mucosa
Appears to be loosely attached - covering the alveolar bone.
The ridges that run horizontally across the hard palate behind the incisive papilla
Begin at the caruncles on either side of the frenum and run backward to the base of the tongue
Greater - lesser - naso palatine nerves

10. Cervical Third
6 years old
The area on the crown of the tooth that is nearest the gingival
Primitive mouth
Assists in elevating the chin

11. Attached Gingiva
Cluster of tissue that manufactures and secrets fluid
A raised white line that runs parallel to where the teeth meet on the buccal mucosa
Extends from the mucogingival junction to the gingival groove
Wings of the sphenoid bone

12. Histology
The corners of the mouth where the top and bottom lip meet
When the dentin is exposed
The study of the microscopic structure and functions of tissues
The largest of three openings located in the posterior region of the hard palate

13. Attrition
H20 - mucin - organic salts and digestive enzymes
Chewing and swallowing food
Wearing away of the incisal or occlusal surfaces of the tooth
Two vertical extensions of the mandible

14. Median Sulcus
What divides the tongue in half and runs from the base to the tip of the tongue
A sensory nerve that ennervates the nose - cheeks - palate - gingiva - maxillary teeth - maxillary sinus - tonsils and nasal pharynx
Digstric - Mylohyoid - stylohyoid - geniohyoid
Moves the head backward and laterally

15. Hypercementosis
Appears to be loosely attached - covering the alveolar bone.
Causes a thickening of the cementum around the apex
Supplies the mylohyoid muscle and the anterior belly of the digastric muscle
Located behind the ramus of the mandible and branches into five arteries

16. Mesoderm
Triferacated
Forms into dentin - cementum and pulp of the teeth
The smallest of the salivary glands located on the floor of the mouth which empty into the mouth thru either the ducts of Rivinus or Bartholin
Where the ramus meets the body of the mandible on the outside border

17. Deep Facial Veins
1500 millimeters
Chewing and swallowing food
Tributary of the facial vein which connects the facial vein to the pterygoid plexus of the veins
Primitive mouth

18. Enamel Dysplasia
Supplies blood to the temporal muscle - masseter muscle - pterygoid muscle and buccanator
Tributary of the facial vein which connects the facial vein to the pterygoid plexus of the veins
A line of tissue that extends from the tongue to the floor of the mouth
When the surface of the teeth becomes grooved

19. Lingual Nerve Branch
Small raised projections where taste buds are located
Intervates the floor of the mouth the ventral side of the tongue taste buds on the anterior two thirds of the tongue and the lingual gingiva
The tip of the chin
A line of tissue that extends from the tongue to the floor of the mouth

20. Duct
Ala of the nose - naso-labial groove - philtrum - vermilion border - vermilion zone - turbercle of the lip - labial commissures - labio-mental grooves
Canal or passage for fluid
A projection that extends off the back of the soft palate
The space between the unattached gingiva and the tooth

21. Stenson's Duct
Aid in attaching the gingiva to the alveolar bone
Biting edge of the teeth
Duct located on the parotid papilla
Corners of the mouth

22. Tendon
Tubules that pass through the entire surface of the dentin
Band of fibrous tissue which attaches muscle to bone
Surface towards the midline
It intervates the buccal mucosa and buccal gingiva as well as the buccal of the mandibular molars

23. Imbrication lines
4/5 cusps/ 3 roots
4 cusps/ bifurcated
Slight ridges on the cervical third of certain teeth that extend mesiodistally
Tissue fluid surrounding the cell membrane of the odontoblast

24. Circumpulpal Dentin
Supplies the mylohyoid muscle and the anterior belly of the digastric muscle
Vertical groove on the midline of the upper lip
Primitive mouth
The layer of dentin that surrounds the pulp

25. Lamina Dura
A bony projection that separates each socket
A line that represents the alveolus bone lining the socket
Serves the soft palate - hard palate - medial gingival and mucous membrane as far forward as the anterior teeth
Divides the crown and the root

26. What is saliva made of?
Depresses the tongue
H20 - mucin - organic salts and digestive enzymes
Receives blood from the cranium - face and neck and drains into the brachiocphalic vein
Retracts the tongue and raises the tip of the tongue

27. Fetus
9 weeks thru birth
The development of different tissues
Lower arch of the teeth
Supplies the gingival - maxillary sinus - cheeks - and maxillary molars with the exception of the mesial buccal root of the first molar

28. Mastication
An extension of an unattached gingiva and the tooth
Chewing and swallowing food
Follows the inside of the ramus and the body of the mandible
Used to pulverize food

29. Enamel Spindle
The groove below the lower lips that separates the lips from the chin
Short tubules that seem to crossover to the enamel
Molaris meaning millstone
Acts as anchors between the alveolar bone and the tooth

30. Embryo
Respiratory system - digestive system and glandular organs
Study of prenatal growth and the developing process of an individual
Intervates the anterior maxillary sinus - gingiva - cuspids - laterals - and central incisors
Two weeks thru 8th week

31. Alveolar Mucosa
The tip of the chin
Mucosa that covers the alveolar bone
Triferacated
Enamel is thinner - pulp chamber is smaller -

32. What is the latin word for molar?
Molaris meaning millstone
Extends interiorly from the pterygopalatine nerve and exits thru the incisive foramen
Responsible for laying down the enamel matrix into place
Divides the crown and the root

33. Fissure
Resulting from an imperfect union where the lobes come together
Formed by the uniting of lobes during development of crown
Supplies blood to the roots and periodontal ligaments of the molars and premolars
Fleshy elevation under the tongue

34. Sulingual Folds
Begin at the caruncles on either side of the frenum and run backward to the base of the tongue
When the surface of the teeth becomes grooved
2 small raised folds of tissue where the lingual frenum attaches
The mandibular molars

35. Hyoid Bone
Indented
Resist rotational forces and hold teeth in inter-proximal contact
Peg shaped crown with a smooth surface
A horseshoe shaped bone lying at the base of the tongue--all the muscles of the tongue and the floor of the mouth attach to this bone

36. What are the four main functions of deciduous teeth?
Mastication - aids in speech - influence facial structure - chewing surfaces
6 months/3years
Sharp projection on the under surface of the temporal bone
The inner surface of the lips

37. Cortical Bone
Layers of tooth tissue become calcified
Compact bone plate of the facial and lingual surfaces
Supportive fibers that anchor the tooth to the bone
Raised lines of mucosal tissue found below the tongue - and below the top/ bottom of middle lip

38. TMJ bones are bathed In what solution?
H20 - mucin - organic salts and digestive enzymes
The development of different forms
Synovial fluid
The internal surface at the center of the mandible

39. Internal Oblique Ridge
A condition where the lower frenum attachment is very short/DDS/frenectomy
Teeth will not erupt in proper position
Mastication - aids in speech - influence facial structure - chewing surfaces
Follows the inside of the ramus and the body of the mandible

40. Mamelons
Three bulges on the incisal edge
10 days
2 small raised folds of tissue where the lingual frenum attaches
Wings of the sphenoid bone

41. Xygote
Second teeth next to central incisors
Serves the soft palate - hard palate - medial gingival and mucous membrane as far forward as the anterior teeth
Conception thru the first two weeks
An enclosed area that matures into dentin - cementum and pulp

42. What is the smallest tooth in dentition?
The cornerstone of the mouth
Aid in attaching the gingiva to the alveolar bone
Mandibular central incisors
Sweet --tip of the tongue - salty--anterior sides of the tongue - sour--posterior sides of the tongue - bitter--center posterior of the tongue

43. Sphenoid
More common in girls--the failure of the palatal shelves to fuse with the primary palate (1 in 2500 births)
A bat shaped bone which forms the anterior portion of the skull
Surface away from the midline
Radiates from the developmental groove

44. Dental Arteries
Located behind the ramus of the mandible and branches into five arteries
Supplies blood to the roots and periodontal ligaments of the molars and premolars
The mandibular molars
Small grooves noted on some teeth

45. Quadrants
Assist in the movement and functioning of the tongue
Quarters of the teeth
Vestibule - vestibule fornix - labial mucosa - buccal mucosa - parotid papilla - Stenson's duct - linea alba - Fordyce's spots - alveolar mucosa - gingiva - labial frenum - buccal frenum
Cut - tear - and grind food

46. Secondary Dentin
Formed by the fibroblast cells and secures the tooth in the socket
Forms after the completion of the apical foramen
Dissolve and reabsorb calcium salts of the bone matrix when stressed or damaged
Extends interiorly from the pterygopalatine nerve and exits thru the incisive foramen

47. Palatine Raphe
Vertical groove on the midline of the upper lip
Convex area on the lingual surface near gingiva
The slightly raised line extending down the middle of the hard palate
9 months (5 months ultrasound to tell sex)

48. Vermilion Zone
Portion of the lips that are red
Orbicularis oris - buccinator - mentalis - zygomatic major
Excess bone in the middle of the palate
Depression forming a groove that sends from the middle of the buckle surface to the occlusal surface of the tooth

49. What are the 4 muscles of the floor of the mouth?
Branches off the inferior alveolar artery before intering the mandibular canal
Allow flexibility during mastication - speech
Digstric - Mylohyoid - stylohyoid - geniohyoid
A flap of tissue on the on the buccal mucosa

50. What is the maxillary cuspid known as?
6 years old
The cornerstone of the mouth
Hair-like projections anterior to the circumvallate papillae and covering the dorsal side of the tongue
Elevates the posterior portion of the tongue and narrows the fauces