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Dental Assisting: Head And Neck Anatomy

Subjects : health-sciences, dentistry

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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1. Anatomical root
Separation of the upper lip ( 1 of 1000 live births)
Portion covered with cementum
Follows the inside of the ramus and the body of the mandible
Indented

2. What are the 3 branches of the pterygopalatine nerve branch?
Week 12
The development of different tissues
Greater - lesser - naso palatine nerves
Found near the cementoenamel junction

3. What are the largest and strongest of the mandibular teeth
Shaping the tongue during speech - mastication and swallowing
The mandibular molars
Primary and permanent
Radiates from the developmental groove

4. Secondary Dentin
When the dentin is exposed
Forms after the completion of the apical foramen
A pocket formed by the soft tissue of cheeks and gingiva
Elevates the posterior portion of the tongue and narrows the fauces

5. Common Carotid
Dentin found between the tubules
Composed of mucosa and surrounds the necks of the teeth
Arteries supplying blood to most of the head and the neck
More common in girls--the failure of the palatal shelves to fuse with the primary palate (1 in 2500 births)

6. Labial Commissures
Surface away from the midline
The corners of the mouth where the top and bottom lip meet
To bulge of curve outward
Wings of the sphenoid bone

7. What are the 2 sets of teeth?
Upper arch of the teeth
Radiates from the developmental groove
Primary and permanent
Follows the length of the body of the mandible past the last tooth and up to the ramus

8. What are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue responsible for?
A concave area where two bones of the mandible are fused in the center of the mandible on the external surface
Primary embryonic mesoderm layer that develops during the morpho differentiation period
Anterior to the ethmoid bone and part of the orbit (corners of the eye)
Assist in the movement and functioning of the tongue

9. Interdental Septum
The internal surface at the center of the mandible
A bony projection that separates each socket
The groove below the lower lips that separates the lips from the chin
Supplies the lateral wall of the maxillary sinus - gingiva - mesial buccal root of the first molar - and the roots of the bicuspids

10. Intertubular Dentin
Folds of tissue that extend horizontally from the uvula to the base of the tongue
Dentin found between the tubules
Curve outward
6 months/3years

11. Ridge
Linear elevation of the tooth
Tributary of the facial vein which connects the facial vein to the pterygoid plexus of the veins
Week 12
The fixed attachment of a muscle

12. Lingual Foramen
Healthy gingival tissue with an orange texture
Origin of the tooth
Molars
The internal surface at the center of the mandible

13. What is the purpose of saliva?
Retracts or depresses the tongue
To lubricate the oral cavity and to moisten food
Enamel forming cells
A flap of tissue on the on the buccal mucosa

14. What are the two muscles of the soft palate?
Palatoglossus - palatopharyngeal
Third tooth from the midline
Drains the Pterygoid plexus of the veins
Place where the groove comes together or fissures cross

15. Alveolar Crest
Cells From which connective tissue evolve
Enamel forming cells
Two cortical bone plates that come together between each tooth
Supportive fibers that anchor the tooth to the bone

16. What are the 12 landmarks of the oral cavity?

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17. Mental Protuberance
Slight ridges on the cervical third of certain teeth that extend mesiodistally
Outside surface Which is towards the cheek - on posterior teeth
The tip of the chin
A junction or center of veins that directly or indirectly drain a vast area

18. Dental Sac
Substances between cells
The fixed attachment of a muscle
An enclosed area that matures into dentin - cementum and pulp
Joined at the midline and are often referred to as the median Palatine suture

19. External Jugular Vein
Drains the superficial veins of the face and neck into the subclavian vein
Small curved lines that run parellel to the CEJ
Receives blood from the cranium - face and neck and drains into the brachiocphalic vein
A shallow v-shaped depression located below the bottom of the nose and above the lips

20. Transverse Ridge
Draws the hyoid bone superiorly and posteriorly and stabilizes it
Rounded depression on a tooth
Union of two triangular ridges that produce a single ridge of elevation that cross the occlusal surface of posterior teeth
Allow flexibility during mastication - speech

21. What are the three muscles of the neck?
The cornerstone of the mouth
Platysma - trapezius - sternocleidomastoid
Vertical groove on the midline of the upper lip
Middle line of the teeth

22. Genial Tubercles
Small bony projections surrounding the lingual foramen
Cells From which connective tissue evolve
Forms a large cavity above the roots of the maxillary molars
A sensory nerve that ennervates the nose - cheeks - palate - gingiva - maxillary teeth - maxillary sinus - tonsils and nasal pharynx

23. Mesenchyme Tissue
Drains the maxiallary artery and superficial temporal arteries
The area on the crown of the tooth that is nearest the gingival
Band of fibrous tissue which attaches muscle to bone
Primary embryonic mesoderm layer that develops during the morpho differentiation period

24. Facial Vein
Drains the facial structures beginning near the eye and descending toward the mandible
Cut - tear - and grind food
Innervates the orbicular oculi - the area around the eye - and the area around and behind the zygomatic arch
Arteries supplying blood to most of the head and the neck

25. Ligament
The line of demarcation between the attached gingiva and the marginal gingiva
Band of fibrous tissue which attaches bone to bone
Intervating the anterior teeth and the labial gingiva
The development of different forms

26. Sharpey's Fibers
Drains the floor of the mouth
Small head - low nasal bridge - thin upper lip - small mandible
Acts as anchors between the alveolar bone and the tooth
Developmental segment of a tooth

27. When do the primary teeth begin erupting and are fully erupted?
Resists forces that try to pull the tooth outward
6 months/3years
Duct located on the parotid papilla
Occurs in unusual ways and distorted crowns may appear

28. Mylohyoid Artery
Exits the mandibular canal at the mental foramen and supplies the chin and lower lip
Causes a thickening of the cementum around the apex
Small grooves noted on some teeth
Branches off the inferior alveolar artery before intering the mandibular canal

29. Filiform Papillae
Hair-like projections anterior to the circumvallate papillae and covering the dorsal side of the tongue
Dissolve and reabsorb calcium salts of the bone matrix when stressed or damaged
Cluster of tissue that manufactures and secrets fluid
Dividing point of a multi-rooted tooth

30. Anomalies
Extreme variations from the norm
Extends from the medial corner of the eye to the nasal cavity
A concave area where two bones of the mandible are fused in the center of the mandible on the external surface
Responsible for laying down the enamel matrix into place

31. Infraorbital Foramen
Chewing and swallowing food
Smaller - enamel thicker - pulp chamber is larger is larger - bifurcation wider
Opening in the mouth below the orbit on the maxillary bone
When the dentin is exposed

32. Ameloblast
Enamel forming cells
Lift the hyoid bone and assist in opening the mouth
Extreme variations from the norm
Follows the inside of the ramus and the body of the mandible

33. Dental Lamina
Act to maintain the gingival integrity of the marginal gingiva
Surface towards the midline
Growth from the oral epithelium that gives rise to the tooth buds
Trigeminal nerve--because it ennervates the maxilla and the mandible

34. Epithelial Attachment
The internal surface at the center of the mandible
Maxillary third molar
Aid in attaching the gingiva to the alveolar bone
The gingiva in the floor of the gingival sulcus that attaches to the enamel

35. What are the only permeant teeth that are not succedaneous?
Molars
Drains the facial structures beginning near the eye and descending toward the mandible
4 cusps/ bifurcated
Functions the same as the alveolar cfg; originate in alveolar bone

36. Osteoclasts
Forms the remaining 2/3 of the hard and soft palate uvula
Three cusps/ trifurcated
Dissolve and reabsorb calcium salts of the bone matrix when stressed or damaged
The tip of the chin

37. Buckle groove
Depression forming a groove that sends from the middle of the buckle surface to the occlusal surface of the tooth
Inner portion of the enamel rod
The area on the crown of the tooth that is nearest the gingival
A flap of tissue on the on the buccal mucosa

38. Cementoblast
Cells that form cementum
Sharp projection on the under surface of the temporal bone
Vestibule - vestibule fornix - labial mucosa - buccal mucosa - parotid papilla - Stenson's duct - linea alba - Fordyce's spots - alveolar mucosa - gingiva - labial frenum - buccal frenum
An enclosed area that matures into dentin - cementum and pulp

39. Torus Mandibularis
Composed of mucosa and surrounds the necks of the teeth
Excess bone formations under the tongue on the alvellar bone
The mandibular molars
Raised vertical folds of tissue on the lateral border of the tongue

40. What are the intrinsical muscles of the tongue responsible for?
Shaping the tongue during speech - mastication and swallowing
Act to maintain the gingival integrity of the marginal gingiva
Stained growth rings in dentin
Begin at the caruncles on either side of the frenum and run backward to the base of the tongue

41. Maxillary Artery
Hinge motion and gliding movement
Largest of the branches of the external carotid artery; supplies facial structure
Biting edge of the teeth
Depression forming a groove that sends from the middle of the buckle surface to the occlusal surface of the tooth

42. How many teeth are in the permanent set of teeth?
The fixed attachment of a muscle
6 years old
Divides the crown and the root
32

43. Palantine Tonsils
Supplies blood to the brain and the eyes
Located in a depressed area between the pillars
Orbicularis oris - buccinator - mentalis - zygomatic major
No bicuspids/ no 3rd molars

44. What is Ankyloglossia and who can treat it / What is the treatment called?
Study of prenatal growth and the developing process of an individual
To lubricate the oral cavity and to moisten food
The study of the microscopic structure and functions of tissues
A condition where the lower frenum attachment is very short/DDS/frenectomy

45. Frenum
Excess bone in the middle of the palate
The deepest point of the vestibule
Raised lines of mucosal tissue found below the tongue - and below the top/ bottom of middle lip
The outer edge of the nostril

46. If a patient receives toxic agents - how long does it take for their sense of taste to return?
Located in a depressed area between the pillars
Portion of the root seen in the oral cavity
Appears to be loosely attached - covering the alveolar bone.
10 days

47. Posterior Superior Alveolar Nerve
Supplies the gingival - maxillary sinus - cheeks - and maxillary molars with the exception of the mesial buccal root of the first molar
Biting edge of the teeth
Supplies blood to the temporal muscle - masseter muscle - pterygoid muscle and buccanator
Creates the wall of the dentinal tubule

48. Lingual Nerve Branch
Intervates the floor of the mouth the ventral side of the tongue taste buds on the anterior two thirds of the tongue and the lingual gingiva
Origin - fixed point - insertion - movable point
Genioglossus - hyoglossus - styloglossus - palatoglossus
Elevated are of enamel that forms the Mesial and distal borders

49. Odontal Fiber Groups
Begin at the caruncles on either side of the frenum and run backward to the base of the tongue
Fifth cusp located on the mesial surface lingual surface of maxillary first molars
Allow flexibility during mastication - speech
The teeth located at the back of the mouth

50. How many cusps/ roots do the 2/3rd maxillary molars have?
Three cusps/ trifurcated
Indented
Act to maintain the gingival integrity of the marginal gingiva
Receives blood from the cranium - face and neck and drains into the brachiocphalic vein