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Dental Assisting: Head And Neck Anatomy

Subjects : health-sciences, dentistry

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What are the 4 pairs of muscles of mastication!
Temporal muscles - masseter muscles - internal pterygoid muscles - external pterygoid muscles
Surface away from the midline
Looking at the border of the tongue
Interdental ligament

2. Interdental Gingiva
Initiation of the tooth begins
Drains the facial structures beginning near the eye and descending toward the mandible
An extension of an unattached gingiva and the tooth
4/5 cusps/ 3 roots

3. Cortical Bone
Bone that surrounds the root of the tooth
A shallow v-shaped depression located below the bottom of the nose and above the lips
The moveable attachment of the muscle
Compact bone plate of the facial and lingual surfaces

4. Gingiva
A dense tissue covered with mucous membrane that can withstand chewing
Canal or passage for fluid
Forms a large cavity above the roots of the maxillary molars
The development of different cells

5. Histology
The study of the microscopic structure and functions of tissues
Arteries supplying blood to most of the head and the neck
Portion of the root seen in the oral cavity
Primary and permanent

6. Gestational period
9 months (5 months ultrasound to tell sex)
Elevates the posterior portion of the tongue and narrows the fauces
The bone that separates the root on a tooth
An extension of an unattached gingiva and the tooth

7. What are the two muscles of the soft palate?
Small head - low nasal bridge - thin upper lip - small mandible
Supplies the lateral wall of the maxillary sinus - gingiva - mesial buccal root of the first molar - and the roots of the bicuspids
Palatoglossus - palatopharyngeal
The development of different cells

8. Frenum
Raised lines of mucosal tissue found below the tongue - and below the top/ bottom of middle lip
Shaping the tongue during speech - mastication and swallowing
The area on the crown of the tooth that is nearest the gingival
Act to maintain the gingival integrity of the marginal gingiva

9. Oblique Fiber Group
Resists intrusive forces that try to push the tooth inwards
Largest division of the trigeminal nerve
Fleshy elevation under the tongue
An overgrowth of the gingival tissue

10. Fungiform Papillae
Supplies the lateral wall of the maxillary sinus - gingiva - mesial buccal root of the first molar - and the roots of the bicuspids
Ligaments and muscles of mastication
Smaller branch that ennervates the soft palate uvula and tonsils
Papillae that give the tongue the strawberry effect

11. Mucogingival Junction
Appears to be loosely attached - covering the alveolar bone.
Where the ectoderm layer matures into the enamel
A line of demarcation between the attached gingiva and alveolar mucosa
The teeth located at the back of the mouth

12. Vestibule
Band of fibrous tissue which attaches muscle to bone
Supportive fibers that anchor the tooth to the bone
A pocket formed by the soft tissue of cheeks and gingiva
A line of tissue that extends from the tongue to the floor of the mouth

13. Convects
Curve outward
A line of tissue that extends from the tongue to the floor of the mouth
Where the proximal sides of two teeth come together and touch
Short tubules that seem to crossover to the enamel

14. Tubercle of the Lip
Radiates from the developmental groove
Vertical groove on the midline of the upper lip
Retracts or depresses the tongue
A small projection in the middle of the upper lip

15. Stensens' Duct (aka Parotid)

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16. How many cusps/ roots do the maxillary first molars have?
4/5 cusps/ 3 roots
Dentin found between the tubules
Platysma - trapezius - sternocleidomastoid
Forms into dentin - cementum and pulp of the teeth

17. Apposition
Calcium salts are deposited into formed tooth
A projection that extends off the back of the soft palate
Formed by the fibroblast cells and secures the tooth in the socket
Where the ectoderm layer matures into the enamel

18. Facial Vein
Located in a depressed area between the pillars
Drains the facial structures beginning near the eye and descending toward the mandible
Receives blood from the cranium - face and neck and drains into the brachiocphalic vein
Moves the head backward and laterally

19. When does the maxillary second molar erupt?
Union of two triangular ridges that produce a single ridge of elevation that cross the occlusal surface of posterior teeth
12 years
4th week
Small dark brushes

20. Periodontium
Tubules that pass through the entire surface of the dentin
Portions of the tooth structure that support hard and soft dental tissues and the alveolar bone
Enamel is thinner - pulp chamber is smaller -
Sharp projection on the under surface of the temporal bone

21. Enamel Tufts
12 years
The mandibular molars
Draws down the mandible and corners of the mouth
Small dark brushes

22. Naso Palatine Nerve
Extends interiorly from the pterygopalatine nerve and exits thru the incisive foramen
Found only in multi-rooted teeth and resists rotational forces
The smallest of the salivary glands located on the floor of the mouth which empty into the mouth thru either the ducts of Rivinus or Bartholin
Pointed elongations of the pulp

23. Marginal Ridges
Elevated are of enamel that forms the Mesial and distal borders
Bluish veins that run the length of the tongue
Cells develop into different tissues
Vestibule - vestibule fornix - labial mucosa - buccal mucosa - parotid papilla - Stenson's duct - linea alba - Fordyce's spots - alveolar mucosa - gingiva - labial frenum - buccal frenum

24. Circular Ligament Fiber Groups
Circle and tighten the gingival margin around the neck of the tooth
Assists in elevating the chin
The moveable attachment of the muscle
Secrete saliva to assist in process of digestion

25. Lesser Palatine Foramen
Pulverizing or chewing surface
Rounded depression on a tooth
Two smaller openings located behind the greater Palatine Foramen in the posterior region of the hard palate
Folds of tissue that extend horizontally from the uvula to the base of the tongue

26. How many roots/ cusps does the mandibular first molar have?
Supplies blood to the brain and the eyes
Molars
Bifurcated/ 5 cusps
Outside surface Which is towards the cheek - on posterior teeth

27. Nasolacrimal groove
Extends from the medial corner of the eye to the nasal cavity
Supplies the gingival - maxillary sinus - cheeks - and maxillary molars with the exception of the mesial buccal root of the first molar
Folds of tissue that extend horizontally from the uvula to the base of the tongue
Convex area on the lingual surface near gingiva

28. What are the four main functions of deciduous teeth?
Cells that form dentin
It intervates the buccal mucosa and buccal gingiva as well as the buccal of the mandibular molars
Mastication - aids in speech - influence facial structure - chewing surfaces
Largest papilla - mushroom shaped and are anterior to the sulcus terminalis in a row of 8 to 10

29. Dentinal Hypersensitivity
Temporal muscles - masseter muscles - internal pterygoid muscles - external pterygoid muscles
When the dentin is exposed
Week 12
Act to maintain the gingival integrity of the marginal gingiva

30. Alveolar Crest
An enclosed area that matures into dentin - cementum and pulp
Two cortical bone plates that come together between each tooth
Resulting from an imperfect union where the lobes come together
Folds of tissue that extend horizontally from the uvula to the base of the tongue

31. Facial Artery
Contains six branches that supply blood to the pharynx muscles - soft palate tonsils - the posterior of the tongue - sub mandibular gland - muscles of the face - nasal septom - nose and the eyelids
Wearing away of the incisal or occlusal surfaces of the tooth
Band of fibrous tissue which attaches bone to bone
Where the ramus meets the body of the mandible on the outside border

32. Endoderm
Respiratory system - digestive system and glandular organs
Dividing point of a multi-rooted tooth
Elevated are of enamel that forms the Mesial and distal borders
More common in girls--the failure of the palatal shelves to fuse with the primary palate (1 in 2500 births)

33. How is the TMJ supported and what controls their movement?
The line of demarcation between the attached gingiva and the marginal gingiva
Middle line of the teeth
Ligaments and muscles of mastication
Primitive mouth

34. Deep Facial Veins
Tributary of the facial vein which connects the facial vein to the pterygoid plexus of the veins
Looking at the border of the tongue
Dissolve and reabsorb calcium salts of the bone matrix when stressed or damaged
Supplies blood to the temporal muscle - masseter muscle - pterygoid muscle and buccanator

35. Pterygoid plexus of the veins
Exits the mandibular canal at the mental foramen and supplies the chin and lower lip
Descends from the cusp and widens as it runs down to the midline area of the occlusal surface
A junction or center of veins that directly or indirectly drain a vast area
Lining covers inside of the oral cavity

36. Dental Arteries
The largest of three openings located in the posterior region of the hard palate
The mandibular molars
Covers muscle tissue in the posterior portion of the palate
Supplies blood to the roots and periodontal ligaments of the molars and premolars

37. Function of Trapezius
Found only in multi-rooted teeth and resists rotational forces
Moves the head backward and laterally
Teeth after cuspids
Dissolve and reabsorb calcium salts of the bone matrix when stressed or damaged

38. Alveolar Crest Fiber Group
Function to resist rotational forces and tilting
Two vertical extensions of the mandible
Small grooves noted on some teeth
Digstric - Mylohyoid - stylohyoid - geniohyoid

39. Occlusion third
Forming organ takes shape and resembles the shape of a bell
Occlusal surface of the posterior tooth
Incremental line indicating trauma of birth
Full deep rich sound in nasal cavity

40. Cervical Third
Tooth emerges from gum tissue and becomes visible
Genioglossus - hyoglossus - styloglossus - palatoglossus
Enamel forming cells
The area on the crown of the tooth that is nearest the gingival

41. Cingulum
Two cortical bone plates that come together between each tooth
Convex area on the lingual surface near gingiva
Natural teeth in position
Appears to be loosely attached - covering the alveolar bone.

42. Proliferation
Forms into the inner lining of the oral cavitiy and enamel of the teeth
The largest of the salivary glands which lie just below and in front of the ear
Where the ectoderm layer matures into the enamel
Divides the crown and the root

43. When do the tooth buds appear?
A condition where the lower frenum attachment is very short/DDS/frenectomy
Forms after the completion of the apical foramen
1500 millimeters
Week 11

44. lst and second premolars
Excess bone in the middle of the palate
Teeth after cuspids
The ridges that run horizontally across the hard palate behind the incisive papilla
Assist in the movement and functioning of the tongue

45. Uvula
A projection that extends off the back of the soft palate
Upper arch of the teeth
Two
Drains the floor of the mouth

46. Greater Palatine Foramen
No bicuspids/ no 3rd molars
Two
The largest of three openings located in the posterior region of the hard palate
Tissue covering the alveolar processes

47. Imbritation Lines of Von Eboner
Contains six branches that supply blood to the pharynx muscles - soft palate tonsils - the posterior of the tongue - sub mandibular gland - muscles of the face - nasal septom - nose and the eyelids
Two vertical extensions of the mandible
Cut - tear - and grind food
Stained growth rings in dentin

48. Maxillary Arch
Convex area on the lingual surface near gingiva
Small raised projections where taste buds are located
Upper arch of the teeth
Covers muscle tissue in the posterior portion of the palate

49. Lesser Palatine Nerve
It intervates the buccal mucosa and buccal gingiva as well as the buccal of the mandibular molars
When the surface of the teeth becomes grooved
Smaller branch that ennervates the soft palate uvula and tonsils
The development of different cells

50. Internal Carotid Artery
Innervates the orbicular oculi - the area around the eye - and the area around and behind the zygomatic arch
Drains the maxiallary artery and superficial temporal arteries
Supplies blood to the brain and the eyes
Respiratory system - digestive system and glandular organs