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Dental Assisting: Head And Neck Anatomy

Subjects : health-sciences, dentistry

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Circular Ligament Fiber Groups
Covers muscle tissue in the posterior portion of the palate
Incremental lines around the layers of the enamel matrix
Week 12
Circle and tighten the gingival margin around the neck of the tooth

2. Mamelons
Three bulges on the incisal edge
Lift the hyoid bone and assist in opening the mouth
Anterior to the ethmoid bone and part of the orbit (corners of the eye)
Tooth emerges from gum tissue and becomes visible

3. Cusp of Caribelli
Small head - low nasal bridge - thin upper lip - small mandible
Fifth cusp located on the mesial surface lingual surface of maxillary first molars
The deepest point of the vestibule
Extreme variations from the norm

4. When do the primary teeth begin erupting and are fully erupted?
6 months/3years
A bat shaped bone which forms the anterior portion of the skull
A concave area where two bones of the mandible are fused in the center of the mandible on the external surface
Maxillary third molar

5. Marginal Ridges
Pulverizing or chewing surface
Trigeminal - facial - glossopharyngeal - hypoglossal
Where the ectoderm layer matures into the enamel
Elevated are of enamel that forms the Mesial and distal borders

6. Infraorbital Foramen
Study of prenatal growth and the developing process of an individual
Clear fluid secreted by the salivary and mucous glands throughout the mouth
Where the ectoderm layer matures into the enamel
Opening in the mouth below the orbit on the maxillary bone

7. Transverse Ridge
Union of two triangular ridges that produce a single ridge of elevation that cross the occlusal surface of posterior teeth
Primary embryonic mesoderm layer that develops during the morpho differentiation period
Small bony projections surrounding the lingual foramen
Incremental lines around the layers of the enamel matrix

8. Oblique Ridge
Supportive fibers that anchor the tooth to the bone
Largest facial bone with two sections joined at the median suture
Elevated area fo enamel that extends obliquely across the occlusal surface of the tooth
Act to maintain the gingival integrity of the marginal gingiva

9. Groove
Resists forces that try to pull the tooth outward
Outside surface Which is towards the lips
Small linear depression
The tip of the chin

10. Sulingual Folds
Folds of tissue to the the lingual veins
Mildest form of cleft palate
Begin at the caruncles on either side of the frenum and run backward to the base of the tongue
Incremental line indicating trauma of birth

11. Lingual Nerve Branch
Intervates the floor of the mouth the ventral side of the tongue taste buds on the anterior two thirds of the tongue and the lingual gingiva
Drains the superficial veins of the face and neck into the subclavian vein
Three bulges on the incisal edge
Elevated area fo enamel that extends obliquely across the occlusal surface of the tooth

12. Enamel Dysplasia
To dissolve
Radiates from the developmental groove
When the surface of the teeth becomes grooved
Draws the hyoid bone superiorly and posteriorly and stabilizes it

13. Cervical line
Occurs in unusual ways and distorted crowns may appear
Circle and tighten the gingival margin around the neck of the tooth
Divides the crown and the root
Digstric - Mylohyoid - stylohyoid - geniohyoid

14. Dentinal Fluid
Forms the bulk of the tooth
Tooth emerges from gum tissue and becomes visible
Pointed elongations of the pulp
Tissue fluid surrounding the cell membrane of the odontoblast

15. Lesser Palatine Foramen
Two vertical extensions of the mandible
Covers muscle tissue in the posterior portion of the palate
Healthy gingival tissue with an orange texture
Two smaller openings located behind the greater Palatine Foramen in the posterior region of the hard palate

16. Parotid Papilla
A flap of tissue on the on the buccal mucosa
Formed by the fibroblast cells and secures the tooth in the socket
Small grooves noted on some teeth
Folds of tissue that extend horizontally from the uvula to the base of the tongue

17. What are the intrinsical muscles of the tongue responsible for?
Forming organ takes shape and resembles the shape of a bell
A period of both primary teeth and permeant teeth are in the dentition
The outer edge of the nostril
Shaping the tongue during speech - mastication and swallowing

18. Gland
Located in a depressed area between the pillars
Cluster of tissue that manufactures and secrets fluid
1500 millimeters
A line of tissue that extends from the tongue to the floor of the mouth

19. Embryo
Forms a large cavity above the roots of the maxillary molars
Portion of the lips where the skin meets the vermilion zone
Conception thru the first two weeks
Two weeks thru 8th week

20. What are the four major muscles of facial expression
Functions the same as the alveolar cfg; originate in alveolar bone
Shaping the tongue during speech - mastication and swallowing
Orbicularis oris - buccinator - mentalis - zygomatic major
Vertical groove on the midline of the upper lip

21. Stenson's Duct
Duct located on the parotid papilla
Small dark brushes
The moveable attachment of the muscle
The mandibular molars

22. Apposition
When cells rapidly increase in number
Calcium salts are deposited into formed tooth
Bifurcated/ 5 cusps
Drains the Pterygoid plexus of the veins

23. Mixed Dentition
The ridges that run horizontally across the hard palate behind the incisive papilla
A period of both primary teeth and permeant teeth are in the dentition
Band of fibrous tissue which attaches muscle to bone
The groove below the lower lips that separates the lips from the chin

24. Frenum
The development of different tissues
Two cortical bone plates that come together between each tooth
A horseshoe shaped bone lying at the base of the tongue--all the muscles of the tongue and the floor of the mouth attach to this bone
Raised lines of mucosal tissue found below the tongue - and below the top/ bottom of middle lip

25. Lamina Dura
Cheek bones--the most breakable bone in the body
Three cusps/ trifurcated
Extends from the medial corner of the eye to the nasal cavity
A line that represents the alveolus bone lining the socket

26. What are the 12 landmarks of the oral cavity?

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27. Horizontal Fiber Group
Week 11
Functions the same as the alveolar cfg; originate in alveolar bone
Forms into the inner lining of the oral cavitiy and enamel of the teeth
Depression forming a groove that sends from the middle of the buckle surface to the occlusal surface of the tooth

28. How many cusps/ roots do the maxillary first molars have?
4/5 cusps/ 3 roots
More common in girls--the failure of the palatal shelves to fuse with the primary palate (1 in 2500 births)
Palatoglossus - palatopharyngeal
Resists forces that try to pull the tooth outward

29. Stippled
A rounded area beyond the last posterior maxillary tooth
Papillae that give the tongue the strawberry effect
Healthy gingival tissue with an orange texture
Forming organ takes shape and resembles the shape of a bell

30. What ligament is retained the longest during periodontal disease?
Elevates the posterior portion of the tongue and narrows the fauces
Week 11
The teeth located at the back of the mouth
Interdental ligament

31. How much saliva do the salivary glands produce in 24 hours?
Located on the inside of the body of the ramus
Tissue covering the alveolar processes
Begin at the caruncles on either side of the frenum and run backward to the base of the tongue
2 to 3 pints

32. What are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue responsible for?
Platysma - trapezius - sternocleidomastoid
Triferacated
Assist in the movement and functioning of the tongue
Occlusal surface of the posterior tooth

33. Endoderm
Separation of the upper lip ( 1 of 1000 live births)
Respiratory system - digestive system and glandular organs
A line that represents the alveolus bone lining the socket
Inner portion of the enamel rod

34. Fibroblasts
Largest of the branches of the external carotid artery; supplies facial structure
Cells From which connective tissue evolve
Function to resist rotational forces and tilting
Tissue fluid surrounding the cell membrane of the odontoblast

35. Retro Mandibular Vein
Drains the maxiallary artery and superficial temporal arteries
A dense tissue covered with mucous membrane that can withstand chewing
12 years
Occlusal surface of the posterior tooth

36. Pit
Bicuspids
Forms the bulk of the tooth
Place where the groove comes together or fissures cross
Drains the Pterygoid plexus of the veins

37. Buccal
Outside surface Which is towards the cheek - on posterior teeth
Descends from the cusp and widens as it runs down to the midline area of the occlusal surface
Draws the hyoid bone superiorly and posteriorly and stabilizes it
Surface towards the midline

38. Succedaneous teeth
Used to pulverize food
Distends the ramus - enters the mandibular foramen and bifurcates around the first premolar tooth to form the incisive and the mental arteries
Permeante teeth replace the primary teeth
Depression forming a groove that sends from the middle of the buckle surface to the occlusal surface of the tooth

39. Incisal Edge
Dividing point of a multi-rooted tooth
Clear fluid secreted by the salivary and mucous glands throughout the mouth
Biting edge of the teeth
Interdental ligament

40. External Oblique Ridge
Band of fibrous tissue which attaches bone to bone
Follows the length of the body of the mandible past the last tooth and up to the ramus
Full deep rich sound in nasal cavity
Smaller branch that ennervates the soft palate uvula and tonsils

41. Function of Styloglossus
Retracts the tongue and raises the tip of the tongue
Molars
Bluish veins that run the length of the tongue
Study of prenatal growth and the developing process of an individual

42. Maxilla
Divides the crown and the root
Largest facial bone with two sections joined at the median suture
Creates the wall of the dentinal tubule
Excess dryness of the mouth

43. Mantle Dentin
6 years old
Excess dryness of the mouth
The development of different tissues
The first predentin that is formed and matures within the tube

44. Vermilion Border
A small projection in the middle of the upper lip
Portion of the lips where the skin meets the vermilion zone
Radiates from the developmental groove
Supplies the mylohyoid muscle and the anterior belly of the digastric muscle

45. Hyoid Bone
Portion of the root seen in the oral cavity
No bicuspids/ no 3rd molars
A horseshoe shaped bone lying at the base of the tongue--all the muscles of the tongue and the floor of the mouth attach to this bone
Receives blood from the cranium - face and neck and drains into the brachiocphalic vein

46. Internal Jugular Vein
Digstric - Mylohyoid - stylohyoid - geniohyoid
Arteries supplying blood to most of the head and the neck
Receives blood from the cranium - face and neck and drains into the brachiocphalic vein
The crown of the tooth that is nearest the incisal edge near the anterior tooth

47. Facial development
Inner portion of the enamel rod
Drains the superficial veins of the face and neck into the subclavian vein
4th week
Fleshy elevation under the tongue

48. Xerostomia
A horseshoe shaped bone lying at the base of the tongue--all the muscles of the tongue and the floor of the mouth attach to this bone
Appears to be loosely attached - covering the alveolar bone.
Incremental line indicating trauma of birth
Excess dryness of the mouth

49. Cyto differentiation
A raised white line that runs parallel to where the teeth meet on the buccal mucosa
The development of different cells
A shallow v-shaped depression located below the bottom of the nose and above the lips
Teeth will not erupt in proper position

50. What is the largest cranial nerve and the most important to dental auxillaries and why?
Trigeminal nerve--because it ennervates the maxilla and the mandible
Tooth emerges from gum tissue and becomes visible
Arteries supplying blood to most of the head and the neck
Also known as meniscus it is a dense fibrous connective tissue that is thicker at the ends and attached to the condyle