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Dental Assisting: Head And Neck Anatomy

Subjects : health-sciences, dentistry

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Cusp of Caribelli
A horseshoe shaped bone lying at the base of the tongue--all the muscles of the tongue and the floor of the mouth attach to this bone
Intervating the anterior teeth and the labial gingiva
Fifth cusp located on the mesial surface lingual surface of maxillary first molars
Where the ramus meets the body of the mandible on the outside border

2. Exfoliated
Supportive fibers that anchor the tooth to the bone
Acts as anchors between the alveolar bone and the tooth
Shed from the oral cavity
A triangular area located behind the last molar

3. Lacrimal Bones
Quarters of the teeth
Anterior to the ethmoid bone and part of the orbit (corners of the eye)
Primary embryonic mesoderm layer that develops during the morpho differentiation period
4th week

4. Filiform Papillae
Bony projection found on the bottom border of the temporal bone
Hair-like projections anterior to the circumvallate papillae and covering the dorsal side of the tongue
Lining covers inside of the oral cavity
The bone that separates the root on a tooth

5. Common Carotid
A horseshoe shaped bone lying at the base of the tongue--all the muscles of the tongue and the floor of the mouth attach to this bone
Arteries supplying blood to most of the head and the neck
Bicuspids
Portions of the tooth structure that support hard and soft dental tissues and the alveolar bone

6. When does the maxillary first molar erupt?
Extends from the mucogingival junction to the gingival groove
6 years old
Calcified masses of dentin
Constricts the nasopharyngeal passage and elevates the larynx

7. Occlusion third
Oval depression of temporal bone in condyloid process
Resists forces that try to pull the tooth outward
Supplies blood to the roots and periodontal ligaments of the molars and premolars
Occlusal surface of the posterior tooth

8. What are the four main functions of deciduous teeth?
Third tooth from the midline
The slightly raised line extending down the middle of the hard palate
Mastication - aids in speech - influence facial structure - chewing surfaces
Creates the wall of the dentinal tubule

9. Lesser Palatine Nerve
Smaller - enamel thicker - pulp chamber is larger is larger - bifurcation wider
Found only in multi-rooted teeth and resists rotational forces
Smaller branch that ennervates the soft palate uvula and tonsils
Extreme variations from the norm

10. How many teeth are in the Primary teeth?
1500 millimeters
The gingiva in the floor of the gingival sulcus that attaches to the enamel
Trigeminal nerve--because it ennervates the maxilla and the mandible
20

11. Cleft Palate
More common in girls--the failure of the palatal shelves to fuse with the primary palate (1 in 2500 births)
Third tooth from the midline
Demonstrates a disturbance in the body metabolism
Temporal muscles - masseter muscles - internal pterygoid muscles - external pterygoid muscles

12. When do oral and nasal cavity separate and palate develop?
Innervates the orbicular oculi - the area around the eye - and the area around and behind the zygomatic arch
Week 12
Interdental ligament
Bi-cuspids

13. Sulingual Folds
Teeth after cuspids
Begin at the caruncles on either side of the frenum and run backward to the base of the tongue
Tributary of the facial vein which connects the facial vein to the pterygoid plexus of the veins
A bony plate covered with keratinized tissue located in the anterior portion of the palate

14. Anterior Alveolar Nerve
Primitive mouth
Primary embryonic mesoderm layer that develops during the morpho differentiation period
The first predentin that is formed and matures within the tube
Intervates the anterior maxillary sinus - gingiva - cuspids - laterals - and central incisors

15. Meniscus
Retracts the tongue and raises the tip of the tongue
Portion of the root seen in the oral cavity
Disk that acts like a cushion between the temporal bone and the condyloid process
Conception thru the first two weeks

16. Embryo
Forms the remaining 2/3 of the hard and soft palate uvula
The largest of the salivary glands which lie just below and in front of the ear
Two weeks thru 8th week
Study of the structure and form of the teeth

17. Maxillary vein
Drains the Pterygoid plexus of the veins
The connective tissue of the marginal gingiva
Intervating the anterior teeth and the labial gingiva
Excess bone formations under the tongue on the alvellar bone

18. Uvula
Compact bone plate of the facial and lingual surfaces
The line of demarcation between the attached gingiva and the marginal gingiva
Incremental lines around the layers of the enamel matrix
A projection that extends off the back of the soft palate

19. Stippled
Primary embryonic mesoderm layer that develops during the morpho differentiation period
Healthy gingival tissue with an orange texture
Oval depression of temporal bone in condyloid process
Inner portion of the enamel rod

20. Pulp horns
2 to 3 pints
Receives blood from the cranium - face and neck and drains into the brachiocphalic vein
Origin - fixed point - insertion - movable point
Pointed elongations of the pulp

21. Dentinal Fluid
Tissue fluid surrounding the cell membrane of the odontoblast
Where the ectoderm layer matures into the enamel
Causes a thickening of the cementum around the apex
10 days

22. Marginal GIngiva
Surface away from the midline
Located in a depressed area between the pillars
(free gingiva) surrounds the teeth
6 months/3years

23. Odontogenesis
Portion of the root seen in the oral cavity
Origin of the tooth
Descends from the cusp and widens as it runs down to the midline area of the occlusal surface
10 days

24. When does the maxillary second molar erupt?
Formed by the fibroblast cells and secures the tooth in the socket
Small linear depression
12 years
The internal surface at the center of the mandible

25. Lines of Retzius
Incremental lines around the layers of the enamel matrix
Wearing away of the incisal or occlusal surfaces of the tooth
A rounded area beyond the last posterior maxillary tooth
Teeth after cuspids

26. Clinical root
Small grooves noted on some teeth
Portion of the root seen in the oral cavity
Excess dryness of the mouth
H20 - mucin - organic salts and digestive enzymes

27. Interdental Septum
The first predentin that is formed and matures within the tube
Portion of the lips that are red
Primary embryonic mesoderm layer that develops during the morpho differentiation period
A bony projection that separates each socket

28. Enamel Tufts
Small dark brushes
The development of different tissues
Constricts the nasopharyngeal passage and elevates the larynx
Supplies blood to the roots and periodontal ligaments of the interior teeth

29. Sublingual Sulcus
A horseshoe shaped groove that follow the curve of the dental arch
Convex area on the lingual surface near gingiva
When cells rapidly increase in number
Growth from the oral epithelium that gives rise to the tooth buds

30. External Jugular Vein
Where the ectoderm layer matures into the enamel
Raised vertical folds of tissue on the lateral border of the tongue
Drains the superficial veins of the face and neck into the subclavian vein
Joined at the midline and are often referred to as the median Palatine suture

31. Gingiva
Draws down the mandible and corners of the mouth
Assists in elevating the chin
A dense tissue covered with mucous membrane that can withstand chewing
Moves the head backward and laterally

32. Central Incisor
Middle two teeth in the mouth
Wings of the sphenoid bone
Origin of the tooth
When the tissue becomes inflamed

33. Xerostomia
Intervates the anterior maxillary sinus - gingiva - cuspids - laterals - and central incisors
Permeante teeth replace the primary teeth
Excess dryness of the mouth
Convex area on the lingual surface near gingiva

34. Imbracation Lines
A period of both primary teeth and permeant teeth are in the dentition
Extends from the medial corner of the eye to the nasal cavity
Small curved lines that run parellel to the CEJ
Scroll like bones outside the nasal cavaties

35. Lesser Palatine Foramen
Oval structures that are located on the dorsal surface of the tongue
Two smaller openings located behind the greater Palatine Foramen in the posterior region of the hard palate
The development of different cells
A small projection in the middle of the upper lip

36. Furcation
Respiratory system - digestive system and glandular organs
Dividing point of a multi-rooted tooth
1500 millimeters
The layer of dentin that surrounds the pulp

37. What is Ankyloglossia and who can treat it / What is the treatment called?
A condition where the lower frenum attachment is very short/DDS/frenectomy
The crown of the tooth that is nearest the incisal edge near the anterior tooth
Palatoglossus - palatopharyngeal
When the tissue becomes inflamed

38. Tendon
Elevated are of enamel that forms the Mesial and distal borders
A pocket formed by the soft tissue of cheeks and gingiva
Pulverizing or chewing surface
Band of fibrous tissue which attaches muscle to bone

39. What is the purpose of saliva?
To lubricate the oral cavity and to moisten food
A horseshoe shaped bone lying at the base of the tongue--all the muscles of the tongue and the floor of the mouth attach to this bone
Small dark brushes
Supplies the mylohyoid muscle and the anterior belly of the digastric muscle

40. Muscle Insertion
The study of the microscopic structure and functions of tissues
The moveable attachment of the muscle
Zygomatic - infraorbital - posterior superior alevolar - pterygopalatine
Assist in the movement and functioning of the tongue

41. Cleft Lip
Separation of the upper lip ( 1 of 1000 live births)
Appears to be loosely attached - covering the alveolar bone.
Three cusps/ trifurcated
A duct that empties into the mouth thru the parotid papilla - Parotid gland goes with Stensen's duct

42. What are the 4 pairs of muscles of mastication!
Temporal muscles - masseter muscles - internal pterygoid muscles - external pterygoid muscles
A condition where the lower frenum attachment is very short/DDS/frenectomy
Dividing point of a multi-rooted tooth
Two weeks thru 8th week

43. What is the largest cranial nerve and the most important to dental auxillaries and why?
Trigeminal nerve--because it ennervates the maxilla and the mandible
Inside surface Which is towards the tongue - on anterior teeth
Small yellowish glands on the labial mucosa
Draws the hyoid bone superiorly and posteriorly and stabilizes it

44. Maxillary Nerve Branch
A sensory nerve that ennervates the nose - cheeks - palate - gingiva - maxillary teeth - maxillary sinus - tonsils and nasal pharynx
Zygomatic - infraorbital - posterior superior alevolar - pterygopalatine
The moveable attachment of the muscle
Supplies the lateral wall of the maxillary sinus - gingiva - mesial buccal root of the first molar - and the roots of the bicuspids

45. What are the characteristics of permanent teeth?
A condition where the lower frenum attachment is very short/DDS/frenectomy
Compact bone plate of the facial and lingual surfaces
Also known as meniscus it is a dense fibrous connective tissue that is thicker at the ends and attached to the condyle
Enamel is thinner - pulp chamber is smaller -

46. Mandibular Artery
Intervating the anterior teeth and the labial gingiva
Located behind the ramus of the mandible and branches into five arteries
Largest of the branches of the external carotid artery; supplies facial structure
Hinge motion and gliding movement

47. Xygomatic bones
Cheek bones--the most breakable bone in the body
A dense tissue covered with mucous membrane that can withstand chewing
The deepest point of the vestibule
Vertical groove on the midline of the upper lip

48. Nasal-Labial Groove
Occlusal surface of the posterior tooth
Trigeminal - facial - glossopharyngeal - hypoglossal
Pulls the hyoid bone and the tongue anteriorly
A faint line going from the ala of the nose to the corner of the mouth

49. Internal Carotid Artery
Supplies blood to the brain and the eyes
Supplies blood to the roots and periodontal ligaments of the molars and premolars
Inner portion of the enamel rod
Linear elevation of the tooth

50. Frenum
Small head - low nasal bridge - thin upper lip - small mandible
When cells rapidly increase in number
Teeth after cuspids
Raised lines of mucosal tissue found below the tongue - and below the top/ bottom of middle lip