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Dental Assisting: Head And Neck Anatomy

Subjects : health-sciences, dentistry

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the largest cranial nerve and the most important to dental auxillaries and why?
Trigeminal nerve--because it ennervates the maxilla and the mandible
A dense tissue covered with mucous membrane that can withstand chewing
Resist rotational forces and hold teeth in inter-proximal contact
Surface away from the midline

2. Convex
Used to pulverize food
To bulge of curve outward
Enamel is thinner - pulp chamber is smaller -
Elevated area fo enamel that extends obliquely across the occlusal surface of the tooth

3. What are the characteristics of permanent teeth?
Follows the length of the body of the mandible past the last tooth and up to the ramus
Cheek bones--the most breakable bone in the body
6 years old
Enamel is thinner - pulp chamber is smaller -

4. What are the only permeant teeth that are not succedaneous?
Small raised projections where taste buds are located
The corners of the mouth where the top and bottom lip meet
Vertical groove on the midline of the upper lip
Molars

5. Rami
Oval structures that are located on the dorsal surface of the tongue
Two vertical extensions of the mandible
Chewing and swallowing food
Inside surface Which is towards the tongue - on anterior teeth

6. What are the 4 extrinsic muscles of the tongue
Union of two triangular ridges that produce a single ridge of elevation that cross the occlusal surface of posterior teeth
Genioglossus - hyoglossus - styloglossus - palatoglossus
Study of the structure and form of the teeth
Temporal muscles - masseter muscles - internal pterygoid muscles - external pterygoid muscles

7. Palatine Raphe
Tissue fluid surrounding the cell membrane of the odontoblast
Upper arch of the teeth
The first predentin that is formed and matures within the tube
The slightly raised line extending down the middle of the hard palate

8. Primary palate
Separates the developing oral cavities from the nasal cavities
Mildest form of cleft palate
Receives blood from the cranium - face and neck and drains into the brachiocphalic vein
Peg shaped crown with a smooth surface

9. Function of Trapezius
Interdental ligament
Moves the head backward and laterally
Fleshy elevation under the tongue
Receives blood from the cranium - face and neck and drains into the brachiocphalic vein

10. Function of mylohyoid
Trigeminal nerve--because it ennervates the maxilla and the mandible
Assist in depressing the mandible and elevating the tongue
Opening in the mouth below the orbit on the maxillary bone
Hair-like projections anterior to the circumvallate papillae and covering the dorsal side of the tongue

11. Morphology
Portion covered with cementum
Bifurcated/ 5 cusps
Study of the structure and form of the teeth
More common in girls--the failure of the palatal shelves to fuse with the primary palate (1 in 2500 births)

12. What are the 4 taste senses and where are they located?
Elevates the posterior portion of the tongue and narrows the fauces
Sweet --tip of the tongue - salty--anterior sides of the tongue - sour--posterior sides of the tongue - bitter--center posterior of the tongue
Molaris meaning millstone
Place where the groove comes together or fissures cross

13. Tome's process
A condition where the lower frenum attachment is very short/DDS/frenectomy
Responsible for laying down the enamel matrix into place
Skeletal or soft tissue structures used as reference points in describing locations of anatomical structures or taking measurements
Located on the inside of the body of the ramus

14. Frenum
Tubules that pass through the entire surface of the dentin
Raised lines of mucosal tissue found below the tongue - and below the top/ bottom of middle lip
Sharp projection on the under surface of the temporal bone
Tissue covering the alveolar processes

15. Taste Buds
Extends interiorly from the pterygopalatine nerve and exits thru the incisive foramen
Bi-cuspids
Oval structures that are located on the dorsal surface of the tongue
Small grooves noted on some teeth

16. Nasmyths Membrane
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Formed by the fibroblast cells and secures the tooth in the socket
Begin at the caruncles on either side of the frenum and run backward to the base of the tongue
Covering over the enamel that is left over from the epithelium ameloblasts

17. Function of Platysma
Anterior to the ethmoid bone and part of the orbit (corners of the eye)
The crown of the tooth that is nearest the incisal edge near the anterior tooth
Draws down the mandible and corners of the mouth
Joined at the midline and are often referred to as the median Palatine suture

18. Peg lateral
Portion of the lips where the skin meets the vermilion zone
Bluish veins that run the length of the tongue
Exits the mandibular canal at the mental foramen and supplies the chin and lower lip
Peg shaped crown with a smooth surface

19. Incisive Arteries
The outer edge of the nostril
Supplies blood to the roots and periodontal ligaments of the interior teeth
Small linear depression
Cells From which connective tissue evolve

20. Maxillary Artery
Largest of the branches of the external carotid artery; supplies facial structure
Portion of the lips where the skin meets the vermilion zone
Resist rotational forces and hold teeth in inter-proximal contact
Surface away from the midline

21. Intertubular Dentin
Draws down the mandible and corners of the mouth
A line of tissue that extends from the tongue to the floor of the mouth
Elevated area fo enamel that extends obliquely across the occlusal surface of the tooth
Dentin found between the tubules

22. If a patient receives toxic agents - how long does it take for their sense of taste to return?
Depression forming a groove that sends from the middle of the buckle surface to the occlusal surface of the tooth
10 days
Mucosa that covers the alveolar bone
Third tooth from the midline

23. Cyto differentiation
The mandibular first premolar
The development of different cells
Supplies blood to the roots and periodontal ligaments of the molars and premolars
The teeth located at the back of the mouth

24. Lingual Veins
Origin - fixed point - insertion - movable point
Bluish veins that run the length of the tongue
Maxillary first molar
Disk that acts like a cushion between the temporal bone and the condyloid process

25. Duct
Canal or passage for fluid
Supplies blood to the face and oral cavity
Portions of the tooth structure that support hard and soft dental tissues and the alveolar bone
A rounded area beyond the last posterior maxillary tooth

26. Stomedeum
Opening for the ear
A raised white line that runs parallel to where the teeth meet on the buccal mucosa
Outside surface Which is towards the lips
Primitive mouth

27. What are the intrinsical muscles of the tongue responsible for?
The moveable attachment of the muscle
Supplies blood to the roots and periodontal ligaments of the interior teeth
Supportive fibers that anchor the tooth to the bone
Shaping the tongue during speech - mastication and swallowing

28. Tubercle of the Lip
Small dark brushes
Forms the bulk of the tooth
Curve outward
A small projection in the middle of the upper lip

29. Free Gingiva
The portion of the tooth that meets the gingiva
Act to maintain the gingival integrity of the marginal gingiva
Occurs in unusual ways and distorted crowns may appear
Depression forming a groove that sends from the middle of the buckle surface to the occlusal surface of the tooth

30. Cingulum
Convex area on the lingual surface near gingiva
32
Drains the facial structures beginning near the eye and descending toward the mandible
Shed from the oral cavity

31. Alveologingival Fiber Groups
Small dark brushes
Extends from the mucogingival junction to the gingival groove
Aid in attaching the gingiva to the alveolar bone
Study of the structure and form of the teeth

32. Embrasure
Functions the same as the alveolar cfg; originate in alveolar bone
The tip of the chin
Dissolve and reabsorb calcium salts of the bone matrix when stressed or damaged
Triangular space in the gingival direction when two adjacent teeth are in contact

33. Papilla
Appears to be loosely attached - covering the alveolar bone.
Short tubules that seem to crossover to the enamel
Small raised projections where taste buds are located
Serves the soft palate - hard palate - medial gingival and mucous membrane as far forward as the anterior teeth

34. Paranasal
Triferacated
2 to 3 pints
Of or pertaining to area surrounding naval cavity
Intervates the anterior maxillary sinus - gingiva - cuspids - laterals - and central incisors

35. Median Sulcus
The ridges that run horizontally across the hard palate behind the incisive papilla
Linear elevation of the tooth
Two vertical extensions of the mandible
What divides the tongue in half and runs from the base to the tip of the tongue

36. What ligament is retained the longest during periodontal disease?
An overgrowth of the gingival tissue
Interdental ligament
Trigeminal nerve--because it ennervates the maxilla and the mandible
Act to maintain the gingival integrity of the marginal gingiva

37. Labial-Mental Groove
Descends from the cusp and widens as it runs down to the midline area of the occlusal surface
Located in a depressed area between the pillars
Three cusps/ trifurcated
The groove below the lower lips that separates the lips from the chin

38. Buccal
Outside surface Which is towards the cheek - on posterior teeth
Follows the inside of the ramus and the body of the mandible
Two cortical bone plates that come together between each tooth
32

39. Inferior Nasal Conchae
Supplies blood to the roots and periodontal ligaments of the molars and premolars
Band of fibrous tissue which attaches bone to bone
Scroll like bones outside the nasal cavaties
Smaller branch that ennervates the soft palate uvula and tonsils

40. Gingiva
A dense tissue covered with mucous membrane that can withstand chewing
The development of different cells
Inside of the maxillary teeth
Primitive mouth

41. Neonatal line
Incremental line indicating trauma of birth
A rounded area beyond the last posterior maxillary tooth
Third tooth from the midline
Intervating the anterior teeth and the labial gingiva

42. Torus
Excess bone in the middle of the palate
The first predentin that is formed and matures within the tube
The inner surface of the lips
To bulge of curve outward

43. Hypercementosis
Week 12
Rounded depression on a tooth
Causes a thickening of the cementum around the apex
Drains the superficial veins of the face and neck into the subclavian vein

44. How many cusps does the second bicuspid have?
It intervates the buccal mucosa and buccal gingiva as well as the buccal of the mandibular molars
A small projection in the middle of the upper lip
Natural teeth in position
Two

45. Furcation
Primitive mouth
Dividing point of a multi-rooted tooth
A faint line going from the ala of the nose to the corner of the mouth
Two vertical extensions of the mandible

46. Fibroblasts
Cells From which connective tissue evolve
Assist in depressing the mandible and elevating the tongue
Week 12
Occurs in unusual ways and distorted crowns may appear

47. Ridge
Oval structures that are located on the dorsal surface of the tongue
Sweet --tip of the tongue - salty--anterior sides of the tongue - sour--posterior sides of the tongue - bitter--center posterior of the tongue
10 days
Linear elevation of the tooth

48. Supplemental Groove
Substances between cells
Raised vertical folds of tissue on the lateral border of the tongue
Radiates from the developmental groove
Portion of the lips where the skin meets the vermilion zone

49. Secondary palate
A triangular area located behind the last molar
A small projection in the middle of the upper lip
Corners of the mouth
Forms the remaining 2/3 of the hard and soft palate uvula

50. Imbritation Lines of Von Eboner
H20 - mucin - organic salts and digestive enzymes
Buccal - lingual - and inferior alveolar
Moves the head backward and laterally
Stained growth rings in dentin