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Dental Assisting: Head And Neck Anatomy

Subjects : health-sciences, dentistry

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Mandibular Artery
Located behind the ramus of the mandible and branches into five arteries
To bulge of curve outward
Teeth will not erupt in proper position
Act to maintain the gingival integrity of the marginal gingiva

2. Gingiva
Supplies blood to the face and oral cavity
Rounded depression on a tooth
A dense tissue covered with mucous membrane that can withstand chewing
Exits the mandibular canal at the mental foramen and supplies the chin and lower lip

3. Apical Fiber Group
2 small raised folds of tissue where the lingual frenum attaches
Occlusal surface of the posterior tooth
Resists forces that try to pull the tooth outward
Forms the remaining 2/3 of the hard and soft palate uvula

4. Quadrants
Formed by the uniting of lobes during development of crown
What divides the tongue in half and runs from the base to the tip of the tongue
Quarters of the teeth
Upper arch of the teeth

5. What is Ankyloglossia and who can treat it / What is the treatment called?
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Temporal muscles - masseter muscles - internal pterygoid muscles - external pterygoid muscles
A condition where the lower frenum attachment is very short/DDS/frenectomy
Full deep rich sound in nasal cavity

6. Anterior Tonsillar Pillar
Assists in elevating the chin
Folds of tissue that extend horizontally from the uvula to the base of the tongue
Initiation of the tooth begins
Anterior to the ethmoid bone and part of the orbit (corners of the eye)

7. Vestibule Fornix
Surface away from the midline
The deepest point of the vestibule
Intervating the anterior teeth and the labial gingiva
Contains six branches that supply blood to the pharynx muscles - soft palate tonsils - the posterior of the tongue - sub mandibular gland - muscles of the face - nasal septom - nose and the eyelids

8. Ameloblast
Forming organ takes shape and resembles the shape of a bell
A line of tissue that extends from the tongue to the floor of the mouth
Enamel forming cells
Depresses the tongue

9. What are the 4 pairs of muscles of mastication!
Teeth will not erupt in proper position
Temporal muscles - masseter muscles - internal pterygoid muscles - external pterygoid muscles
The inner surface of the cheeks
A dense tissue covered with mucous membrane that can withstand chewing

10. Facial development
Pulverizing or chewing surface
4th week
Primary and permanent
An enclosed area that matures into dentin - cementum and pulp

11. Cemental Spurs
Forms after the completion of the apical foramen
Portion of the root seen in the oral cavity
Depresses the tongue
Found near the cementoenamel junction

12. Ala of the Nose
Creates the wall of the dentinal tubule
The outer edge of the nostril
Curve outward
Composed of mucosa and surrounds the necks of the teeth

13. If a patient receives toxic agents - how long does it take for their sense of taste to return?
Trigeminal - facial - glossopharyngeal - hypoglossal
Week 12
Divides the crown and the root
10 days

14. Interradicular Septum
Draws down the mandible and corners of the mouth
A shallow v-shaped depression located below the bottom of the nose and above the lips
The bone that separates the root on a tooth
Three cusps/ trifurcated

15. How many roots/ cusps does the mandibular first molar have?
Origin - fixed point - insertion - movable point
Portion of the root seen in the oral cavity
Bifurcated/ 5 cusps
Serves the soft palate - hard palate - medial gingival and mucous membrane as far forward as the anterior teeth

16. Function of Palatopharyngeal
Teeth after cuspids
Constricts the nasopharyngeal passage and elevates the larynx
Small grooves noted on some teeth
Two vertical extensions of the mandible

17. What are the four main functions of deciduous teeth?
Canal or passage for fluid
Fleshy elevation under the tongue
Mastication - aids in speech - influence facial structure - chewing surfaces
A horseshoe shaped groove that follow the curve of the dental arch

18. What teeth are removed if overcrowding occurs?
Bicuspids
Elevated are of enamel that forms the Mesial and distal borders
Upper arch of the teeth
Act to maintain the gingival integrity of the marginal gingiva

19. Circular Ligament Fiber Groups
Begin at the caruncles on either side of the frenum and run backward to the base of the tongue
Circle and tighten the gingival margin around the neck of the tooth
Supplies blood to the brain and the eyes
Divides the crown and the root

20. Dental Arteries
Folds of tissue to the the lingual veins
Tributary of the facial vein which connects the facial vein to the pterygoid plexus of the veins
The development of different forms
Supplies blood to the roots and periodontal ligaments of the molars and premolars

21. Gingiva
Short tubules that seem to crossover to the enamel
20
Composed of mucosa and surrounds the necks of the teeth
A triangular area located behind the last molar

22. Primary Dentin
Contains six branches that supply blood to the pharynx muscles - soft palate tonsils - the posterior of the tongue - sub mandibular gland - muscles of the face - nasal septom - nose and the eyelids
Forms the bulk of the tooth
2 to 3 pints
9 weeks thru birth

23. Pterygoid plexus of the veins
Hinge motion and gliding movement
Functions the same as the alveolar cfg; originate in alveolar bone
A junction or center of veins that directly or indirectly drain a vast area
Small linear depression

24. Histology
Elevated are of enamel that forms the Mesial and distal borders
Resulting from an imperfect union where the lobes come together
The study of the microscopic structure and functions of tissues
Small yellowish glands on the labial mucosa

25. Function of Geneoglossus?
It intervates the buccal mucosa and buccal gingiva as well as the buccal of the mandibular molars
Scroll like bones outside the nasal cavaties
Set of arches found farther in the back of the throat
Retracts or depresses the tongue

26. What are the 4 muscles of the floor of the mouth?
Digstric - Mylohyoid - stylohyoid - geniohyoid
Extends interiorly from the pterygopalatine nerve and exits thru the incisive foramen
Drains the maxiallary artery and superficial temporal arteries
Formed by the fibroblast cells and secures the tooth in the socket

27. Lingual Foramen
Occlusal surface of the posterior tooth
Small raised projections where taste buds are located
The internal surface at the center of the mandible
Small head - low nasal bridge - thin upper lip - small mandible

28. Sharpey's Fibers
Acts as anchors between the alveolar bone and the tooth
Upper arch of the teeth
Temporal muscles - masseter muscles - internal pterygoid muscles - external pterygoid muscles
(free gingiva) surrounds the teeth

29. Submandibular Glands

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30. What ligament is retained the longest during periodontal disease?
Second teeth next to central incisors
Interdental ligament
Drains the superficial veins of the face and neck into the subclavian vein
Arteries supplying blood to most of the head and the neck

31. Maxillary Tuberosity
Largest papilla - mushroom shaped and are anterior to the sulcus terminalis in a row of 8 to 10
Short tubules that seem to crossover to the enamel
A rounded area beyond the last posterior maxillary tooth
Portion of the lips where the skin meets the vermilion zone

32. External Oblique Ridge
Primary and permanent
Follows the length of the body of the mandible past the last tooth and up to the ramus
Acts as anchors between the alveolar bone and the tooth
Incremental lines around the layers of the enamel matrix

33. Lobes
Appears to be loosely attached - covering the alveolar bone.
Developmental segment of a tooth
Three cusps/ trifurcated
Drains the superficial veins of the face and neck into the subclavian vein

34. Apposition
Assists in elevating the chin
Formed by the uniting of lobes during development of crown
Calcium salts are deposited into formed tooth
A duct that empties into the mouth thru the parotid papilla - Parotid gland goes with Stensen's duct

35. Nasmyths Membrane
Supplies blood to the roots and periodontal ligaments of the interior teeth
Triferacated
The inner surface of the cheeks
Covering over the enamel that is left over from the epithelium ameloblasts

36. Cleft Lip
Separation of the upper lip ( 1 of 1000 live births)
Bony projection found on the bottom border of the temporal bone
The inner surface of the lips
Portion of the lips that are red

37. Dental Sac
Supplies the gingival - maxillary sinus - cheeks - and maxillary molars with the exception of the mesial buccal root of the first molar
Origin - fixed point - insertion - movable point
An enclosed area that matures into dentin - cementum and pulp
Quarters of the teeth

38. Posterior Teeth
Interdental ligament
Three cusps/ trifurcated
Assists in elevating the chin
The teeth located at the back of the mouth

39. Histo Differentation
Located in a depressed area between the pillars
Resist rotational forces and hold teeth in inter-proximal contact
The development of different tissues
Developmental segment of a tooth

40. Frenum
Small head - low nasal bridge - thin upper lip - small mandible
Supplies blood to the temporal muscle - masseter muscle - pterygoid muscle and buccanator
Raised lines of mucosal tissue found below the tongue - and below the top/ bottom of middle lip
Intervates the floor of the mouth the ventral side of the tongue taste buds on the anterior two thirds of the tongue and the lingual gingiva

41. Saliva
Dissolve and reabsorb calcium salts of the bone matrix when stressed or damaged
Opening in the mouth below the orbit on the maxillary bone
Forming organ takes shape and resembles the shape of a bell
Clear fluid secreted by the salivary and mucous glands throughout the mouth

42. What are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue responsible for?
Assist in the movement and functioning of the tongue
Portion of the root seen in the oral cavity
Digstric - Mylohyoid - stylohyoid - geniohyoid
Biting edge of the teeth

43. Lesser Palatine Nerve
Mucosa that covers the alveolar bone
Smaller branch that ennervates the soft palate uvula and tonsils
The development of different cells
Radiates from the developmental groove

44. Lacrimal Bones
A raised white line that runs parallel to where the teeth meet on the buccal mucosa
Anterior to the ethmoid bone and part of the orbit (corners of the eye)
A condition where the lower frenum attachment is very short/DDS/frenectomy
Full deep rich sound in nasal cavity

45. What is the maxillary cuspid known as?
The gingiva in the floor of the gingival sulcus that attaches to the enamel
Shaping the tongue during speech - mastication and swallowing
Drains the Pterygoid plexus of the veins
The cornerstone of the mouth

46. What are the 4 extrinsic muscles of the tongue
Portion of the lips where the skin meets the vermilion zone
Rounded depression on a tooth
Genioglossus - hyoglossus - styloglossus - palatoglossus
A shallow v-shaped depression located below the bottom of the nose and above the lips

47. Labial Commissures
The corners of the mouth where the top and bottom lip meet
Formed by the fibroblast cells and secures the tooth in the socket
Molars
Causes a thickening of the cementum around the apex

48. Torus
Triangular space in the gingival direction when two adjacent teeth are in contact
Two
Excess bone in the middle of the palate
Distends the ramus - enters the mandibular foramen and bifurcates around the first premolar tooth to form the incisive and the mental arteries

49. Xerostomia
Intervates the floor of the mouth the ventral side of the tongue taste buds on the anterior two thirds of the tongue and the lingual gingiva
Mildest form of cleft palate
Excess dryness of the mouth
Small curved lines that run parellel to the CEJ

50. Tubercle of the Lip
Supplies the mylohyoid muscle and the anterior belly of the digastric muscle
Innervates the orbicular oculi - the area around the eye - and the area around and behind the zygomatic arch
Developmental segment of a tooth
A small projection in the middle of the upper lip