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Dental Assisting: Head And Neck Anatomy

Subjects : health-sciences, dentistry

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Gland
Cluster of tissue that manufactures and secrets fluid
A rounded area beyond the last posterior maxillary tooth
10 days
Pulverizing or chewing surface

2. Function of Palatopharyngeal
Constricts the nasopharyngeal passage and elevates the larynx
Pointed or rounded mounds on the crown of the tooth
Located in a depressed area between the pillars
Two

3. Cusps
Rounded depression on a tooth
Elevated are of enamel that forms the Mesial and distal borders
Excess bone formations under the tongue on the alvellar bone
Pointed or rounded mounds on the crown of the tooth

4. Uvula
10 days
The ridges that run horizontally across the hard palate behind the incisive papilla
Skeletal or soft tissue structures used as reference points in describing locations of anatomical structures or taking measurements
A projection that extends off the back of the soft palate

5. Interdental Gingiva
An extension of an unattached gingiva and the tooth
Mastication - aids in speech - influence facial structure - chewing surfaces
Respiratory system - digestive system and glandular organs
Innervates the orbicular oculi - the area around the eye - and the area around and behind the zygomatic arch

6. Palantine Tonsils
Located in a depressed area between the pillars
(free gingiva) surrounds the teeth
Cut - tear - and grind food
The cornerstone of the mouth

7. When do the primary teeth begin erupting and are fully erupted?
Conception thru the first two weeks
Three cusps/ trifurcated
6 months/3years
A dense tissue covered with mucous membrane that can withstand chewing

8. Torus Mandibularis
Excess bone formations under the tongue on the alvellar bone
Function to resist rotational forces and tilting
Middle two teeth in the mouth
Hair-like projections anterior to the circumvallate papillae and covering the dorsal side of the tongue

9. Alveolar Mucosa
A triangular area located behind the last molar
Descends from the cusp and widens as it runs down to the midline area of the occlusal surface
Indented
Mucosa that covers the alveolar bone

10. Vestibule
Lift the hyoid bone and assist in opening the mouth
A pocket formed by the soft tissue of cheeks and gingiva
Used to pulverize food
Drains the floor of the mouth

11. Palatine Bones
The deepest point of the vestibule
Assists in elevating the chin
The inner surface of the cheeks
Joined at the midline and are often referred to as the median Palatine suture

12. Parotid Papilla
Inside of the maxillary teeth
Bluish veins that run the length of the tongue
A flap of tissue on the on the buccal mucosa
Raised vertical folds of tissue on the lateral border of the tongue

13. Morphology
Study of the structure and form of the teeth
Three cusps/ trifurcated
Enamel is thinner - pulp chamber is smaller -
Function to resist rotational forces and tilting

14. Xerostomia
Portion of the lips where the skin meets the vermilion zone
Excess dryness of the mouth
Formed by the uniting of lobes during development of crown
Drains the maxiallary artery and superficial temporal arteries

15. Circumpulpal Dentin
The fixed attachment of a muscle
The layer of dentin that surrounds the pulp
A period of both primary teeth and permeant teeth are in the dentition
Radiates from the developmental groove

16. Cervical Third
Bone that surrounds the root of the tooth
Permeante teeth replace the primary teeth
The area on the crown of the tooth that is nearest the gingival
(free gingiva) surrounds the teeth

17. How many cusps/ roots do the maxillary first molars have?
4/5 cusps/ 3 roots
Shed from the oral cavity
4th week
Composed of mucosa and surrounds the necks of the teeth

18. Caruncle
Pointed elongations of the pulp
Forms into the inner lining of the oral cavitiy and enamel of the teeth
Fleshy elevation under the tongue
Maxillary third molar

19. How many cusps/ roots do the 2/3rd maxillary molars have?
Drains the Pterygoid plexus of the veins
Three cusps/ trifurcated
Small grooves noted on some teeth
The smallest of the salivary glands located on the floor of the mouth which empty into the mouth thru either the ducts of Rivinus or Bartholin

20. External Oblique Ridge
1500 millimeters
Largest division of the trigeminal nerve
Folds of tissue to the the lingual veins
Follows the length of the body of the mandible past the last tooth and up to the ramus

21. What are the characteristics of permanent teeth?
A raised area of tissue laying behind the maxillary central incisors on the hard palate
Used to pulverize food
Enamel is thinner - pulp chamber is smaller -
Excess bone in the middle of the palate

22. Alveolar Mucosa
6 months/3years
The connective tissue of the marginal gingiva
Primary embryonic mesoderm layer that develops during the morpho differentiation period
Appears to be loosely attached - covering the alveolar bone.

23. Lacrimal Bones
Found near the cementoenamel junction
The crown of the tooth that is nearest the incisal edge near the anterior tooth
Anterior to the ethmoid bone and part of the orbit (corners of the eye)
The largest of three openings located in the posterior region of the hard palate

24. Function of Hyoglossus
Depresses the tongue
Small raised projections where taste buds are located
The layer of dentin that surrounds the pulp
Study of the structure and form of the teeth

25. What is the maxillary cuspid known as?
The cornerstone of the mouth
Portion covered with cementum
32
Folds of tissue to the the lingual veins

26. Ridge
Forms into the inner lining of the oral cavitiy and enamel of the teeth
Linear elevation of the tooth
Biting edge of the teeth
Also known as meniscus it is a dense fibrous connective tissue that is thicker at the ends and attached to the condyle

27. Lingual Veins
Set of arches found farther in the back of the throat
32
Contains six branches that supply blood to the pharynx muscles - soft palate tonsils - the posterior of the tongue - sub mandibular gland - muscles of the face - nasal septom - nose and the eyelids
Bluish veins that run the length of the tongue

28. What are the 4 extrinsic muscles of the tongue
Outside surface Which is towards the lips
Week 12
Genioglossus - hyoglossus - styloglossus - palatoglossus
Bicuspids

29. Cleft Palate
Resist rotational forces and hold teeth in inter-proximal contact
More common in girls--the failure of the palatal shelves to fuse with the primary palate (1 in 2500 births)
Teeth will not erupt in proper position
Small grooves noted on some teeth

30. Marginal GIngiva
Compact bone plate of the facial and lingual surfaces
Tubules that pass through the entire surface of the dentin
Portions of the tooth structure that support hard and soft dental tissues and the alveolar bone
(free gingiva) surrounds the teeth

31. Odontoblast
The deepest point of the vestibule
Curve outward
Cells that form dentin
Intervates the floor of the mouth the ventral side of the tongue taste buds on the anterior two thirds of the tongue and the lingual gingiva

32. Lingual Nerve Branch
Intervates the floor of the mouth the ventral side of the tongue taste buds on the anterior two thirds of the tongue and the lingual gingiva
Supplies blood to the face and oral cavity
Excess bone formations under the tongue on the alvellar bone
Depresses the tongue

33. How many cusps does the second bicuspid have?
Two
Moves the head backward and laterally
The mandibular molars
Small head - low nasal bridge - thin upper lip - small mandible

34. Dentinal Fluid
Tissue fluid surrounding the cell membrane of the odontoblast
Incremental line indicating trauma of birth
Zygomatic - infraorbital - posterior superior alevolar - pterygopalatine
Second teeth next to central incisors

35. Meniscus
Disk that acts like a cushion between the temporal bone and the condyloid process
Elevates the posterior portion of the tongue and narrows the fauces
Primary and permanent
Shed from the oral cavity

36. Eruption
The gingiva in the floor of the gingival sulcus that attaches to the enamel
Tooth emerges from gum tissue and becomes visible
Convex area on the lingual surface near gingiva
The teeth located at the back of the mouth

37. Mental Protuberance
Wings of the sphenoid bone
A dense tissue covered with mucous membrane that can withstand chewing
Tooth emerges from gum tissue and becomes visible
The tip of the chin

38. Function of Geniohyoid
Pulls the hyoid bone and the tongue anteriorly
Mastication - aids in speech - influence facial structure - chewing surfaces
4th week
A horseshoe shaped bone lying at the base of the tongue--all the muscles of the tongue and the floor of the mouth attach to this bone

39. Occlusion third
Located in a depressed area between the pillars
Convex area on the lingual surface near gingiva
A line of demarcation between the attached gingiva and alveolar mucosa
Occlusal surface of the posterior tooth

40. Hypercementosis
Causes a thickening of the cementum around the apex
Resists intrusive forces that try to push the tooth inwards
The first predentin that is formed and matures within the tube
Separation of the upper lip ( 1 of 1000 live births)

41. How many cusps/ roots do the 2/3rd mandibular molars have?
Receives blood from the cranium - face and neck and drains into the brachiocphalic vein
Folds of tissue that extend horizontally from the uvula to the base of the tongue
4 cusps/ bifurcated
Middle line of the teeth

42. What are the three muscles of the neck?
Sweet --tip of the tongue - salty--anterior sides of the tongue - sour--posterior sides of the tongue - bitter--center posterior of the tongue
Used to pulverize food
Assists in elevating the chin
Platysma - trapezius - sternocleidomastoid

43. Sharpey's Fibers
Supplies blood to the face and oral cavity
Resists intrusive forces that try to push the tooth inwards
Retracts the tongue and raises the tip of the tongue
Acts as anchors between the alveolar bone and the tooth

44. Maxillary Nerve Branch
Begin at the caruncles on either side of the frenum and run backward to the base of the tongue
A sensory nerve that ennervates the nose - cheeks - palate - gingiva - maxillary teeth - maxillary sinus - tonsils and nasal pharynx
The development of different cells
Sweet --tip of the tongue - salty--anterior sides of the tongue - sour--posterior sides of the tongue - bitter--center posterior of the tongue

45. Posterior Superior Alveolar Nerve
Hinge motion and gliding movement
H20 - mucin - organic salts and digestive enzymes
Supplies the gingival - maxillary sinus - cheeks - and maxillary molars with the exception of the mesial buccal root of the first molar
Forming organ takes shape and resembles the shape of a bell

46. Lateral Incisor
Elevated are of enamel that forms the Mesial and distal borders
Week 11
Second teeth next to central incisors
The portion of the tooth that meets the gingiva

47. Soft Palate
Covers muscle tissue in the posterior portion of the palate
Drains the maxiallary artery and superficial temporal arteries
Found only in multi-rooted teeth and resists rotational forces
Small dark brushes

48. Quadrants
Descends from the cusp and widens as it runs down to the midline area of the occlusal surface
Upper arch of the teeth
Quarters of the teeth
Mastication - aids in speech - influence facial structure - chewing surfaces

49. What are the 4 cranial nerves that ennervate the face and oral cavity
When the surface of the teeth becomes grooved
Located behind the ramus of the mandible and branches into five arteries
Primary embryonic mesoderm layer that develops during the morpho differentiation period
Trigeminal - facial - glossopharyngeal - hypoglossal

50. Osteoclasts
Resists intrusive forces that try to push the tooth inwards
Dissolve and reabsorb calcium salts of the bone matrix when stressed or damaged
Forms after the completion of the apical foramen
Pulls the hyoid bone and the tongue anteriorly