Test your basic knowledge |

Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The quality of system output is dependent on the quality of system input.






2. The time it takes to make a decision increases as the number of alternatives increases.

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3. A technique of composition in which a medium is divided into thirds - creating aesthetic positions for the primary elements of a design.






4. A technique of combining many units of information into a limited number of units or chunks - so that the information is easier to process and remember.






5. Teachers treat students differently based on their expectations of how students will perform.






6. A tendency to assume that a system that works at one scale will also work at a smaller or larger scale. (2 kinds: Load assumptions and Interaction assumptions)






7. The tendency to perceive objects as unchanging - despite changes in sensory input. (such as perspective - lighting - color or size)






8. The use of pictorial images to improve the recognition and recall of signs and controls.






9. People understand and interact with systems and environments based on mental representations developed from experience.






10. A relationship between variables in a system where the consequences of an event are fed back in order to modify the event in the future.






11. 80% of the effects generated by any large system are caused by 20% of the variables.






12. The use of more elements than necessary to maintain the performance of a system in the event of failure of one or more of the elements.






13. A diagram that describes the general pattern followed by the eyes when looking at evenly distributed - homogeneous information.






14. A phenomenon of memory in which items presented at the beginning and end of a list are more likely to be recalled than items in the middle of a list.






15. 1) Physiological 2) Safety 3) Love 4) Self-Esteem 5) Self-Actualization

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16. Elements that are similar are perceived to be more related than elements that are dissimilar.






17. The level of control provided by a system should be related to the proficiency and experience levels of the people using the system.






18. Memory for recognizing things is better than memory for recalling things.






19. A Gestalt principle of organization holding that aspects of perceptual field that move or function in a similar manner will be perceived as a unit






20. An activity will be pursued only if its benefits are equal to or greater than the costs. (ie. How much reading is too much to get the point of a message?)






21. The relative ease with which a destination - idea - or concept may be reached.






22. A method of illustrating relationships and patterns in system behaviors by representing two or more system variables in a controlled way.






23. A technique that influences decision making and judgement by manipulating the way information is presented.






24. Tendency to perceive a set of individual elements as a single - recogniable pattern - rather than multiple - individual elements.






25. The ratio of face to body in an image that influences the way the person in the image is perceived. (High = intelligent / Low = physical)






26. A tendency to interpret ambiguous images as simple and a complete unit - versus complex and incomplete. (Gestalt principle of perception).






27. Tendency to form an overall positive impression of a person on the basis of one positive characteristic






28. The usability of a system is improved when similar parts are expressed in similar ways.






29. Adjusting parts of a device in relation to each other to create a sense of unity and cohesion.






30. The visual clarity of text - generally based on the size - typeface - contrast - text block - and spacing of the characters used.






31. There are three ways to organize materials to support a load or to contain and protect something: Mass structures - frame structures - and shell structures.






32. Patients experience treatment effects based on their belief that a treatment will work.






33. A tendency to see people and things iwth baby- faced features as more naive - helpless - and honest than those with mature features.






34. All products progress sequentially through four stages of existence: introduction - growth - maturity - and decline.






35. A tendency to interpret shaded or dark areas of an object as shadows resulting from a light source above the object.






36. A property in which a form is made up of parts similar to the whole or to one another.






37. Beauty in design results from purity of function. Interpreted in 2 ways: A description of beauty or a prescription for beauty.






38. The usability of a system is improved when its status and methods of use are clearly visible.






39. A technique for bringing attention to an area of text or image.






40. A method of reorganizing information to make the information simpler - more meaningful and easier to remember. (ie. First Letter - Keyword - Rhyme - Feature Name)






41. A tendency to see objects and patterns as 3D when certain visual cues are present.






42. The act of measuring certain sensitive variable in a system can alter them - and confound the accuracy of the measurement.






43. Repeated exposure to stimuli for which people have neutral feelings will increase the likeability of the stimuli.






44. A technique for preventing unintended actions by requiring verification of the actions before they are performed.






45. People tend to prefer savanna- like environments to other types of environments. Open areas - scattered trees - water - and uniform grassiness rather than other natural environments such as desert - jungle - and complex mtns.






46. A process of repeating a set of operation until a specific result is achieved.






47. An action or ommission of action yielding an unintended result.






48. A method of managing system complexity that involves dividing large systems into multiple - smaller self- contained systems.






49. Given a choice between functionally equivalent designs - the simplest design should be selected.

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50. Designs should help people avoid errors and minimize the negative consequences of errors when they do occur.