Test your basic knowledge |

Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Elements that are similar are perceived to be more related than elements that are dissimilar.






2. The use of more elements than necessary to maintain the performance of a system in the event of failure of one or more of the elements.






3. Teh act of copying properties of familiar objects - organisms - or environments in order to realize specifice benefits afforded by those properties.






4. A technique of composition in which a medium is divided into thirds - creating aesthetic positions for the primary elements of a design.






5. A tendency to see objects and patterns as 3D when certain visual cues are present.






6. The quality of system output is dependent on the quality of system input.






7. A method of creating imagery - emotions - and understanding of events through an interaction between a storyteller and an audience.






8. A phenomenon in which mental processing is made slower and less accurate by competing mental processes.






9. 1) Functionality 2) Reliability 3) Usability 4) Proficiency 5) Creativity. In order for design to be successful - it must meet ppl's basic need before it can attempt to satisfy higher- level needs.






10. Tendency to form an overall positive impression of a person on the basis of one positive characteristic






11. A Gestalt law of organization; elements arrange in a straight line or a smooth curve are perceived as a group - and are interpreted as being more related than elements not on the line or curve.






12. Using more elements than is necessary to offset the effects of unknown variables which may cause a system failure.






13. A technique for bringing attention to an area of text or image.






14. The ratio of face to body in an image that influences the way the person in the image is perceived. (High = intelligent / Low = physical)






15. A method of reorganizing information to make the information simpler - more meaningful and easier to remember. (ie. First Letter - Keyword - Rhyme - Feature Name)






16. A phenomenon of memory in which information that is analyzed deeply is better recalled than information that is analyzed superficially.






17. A phenomenon of memory in which items presented at the beginning and end of a list are more likely to be recalled than items in the middle of a list.






18. The designs that help people perform optimally are often not the same as the designs that people find most desirable.






19. It is often preferable to settle for a satisfactory solution - rather than pursue an optimal solution.






20. A relationship between variables in a system where the consequences of an event are fed back in order to modify the event in the future.






21. A technique that influences decision making and judgement by manipulating the way information is presented.






22. Adjusting parts of a device in relation to each other to create a sense of unity and cohesion.






23. A term used to describe a set of data - that when plotted - forms a symmetrical - bell- shaped curve.






24. The deliberate use of a weak element that will fail in order to protect other elements in the system from damage.






25. 1) Physiological 2) Safety 3) Love 4) Self-Esteem 5) Self-Actualization

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26. The use of simplified and incomplete models of a design to explore ideas - elaborate requirements - refine specifications - and test functionality.






27. There are three ways to organize materials to support a load or to contain and protect something: Mass structures - frame structures - and shell structures.






28. Teachers treat students differently based on their expectations of how students will perform.






29. A process of repeating a set of operation until a specific result is achieved.






30. A Gestalt principle of organization holding that aspects of perceptual field that move or function in a similar manner will be perceived as a unit






31. A property of visual equivalence among elements in a form.






32. Patients experience treatment effects based on their belief that a treatment will work.






33. A technique of combining many units of information into a limited number of units or chunks - so that the information is easier to process and remember.






34. A tendency to assume that a system that works at one scale will also work at a smaller or larger scale. (2 kinds: Load assumptions and Interaction assumptions)






35. The tendency for people to behave differently when they know they are being studied






36. A technique used to asociate a stimulus with an unconscious physical or emotional response.






37. The usability of a system is improved when its status and methods of use are clearly visible.






38. Hierarchical organization is the simplest structure for visualizing and understanding complexity.






39. Pictures are remembered better than words.






40. A technique used to teach a desired behavior by reinforcing increasingly accurate approximations of the behavior.






41. The tendency to perceive objects as unchanging - despite changes in sensory input. (such as perspective - lighting - color or size)






42. 80% of the effects generated by any large system are caused by 20% of the variables.






43. A property in which a form is made up of parts similar to the whole or to one another.






44. The process of organizing information into related groupings in order to manage complexity and reinforce relationships in the information.






45. The level of control provided by a system should be related to the proficiency and experience levels of the people using the system.






46. A state of mental focus so intense that awareness of the 'real' world is lost - generally resulting in a feeling of joy and satisfaction.






47. There are five ways to organize information: Category - time - location - alphabet - and continuum.






48. The tendency for people to perform better or worse based on the expectations of another.






49. Elements perceived as either figures (objects of focus) or ground (the rest of the perceptual field)






50. When participants realise the aim of the study and may change their behaviour to help or disrupt the study.