Test your basic knowledge |

Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Elements that are close together are percieved to be more related than elements that are farther apart.






2. A technique of combining many units of information into a limited number of units or chunks - so that the information is easier to process and remember.






3. Tendency to form an overall positive impression of a person on the basis of one positive characteristic






4. A tendency to prefer faces in which the eyes - nose - lips and other features are close to the average of a population.






5. The deliberate use of a weak element that will fail in order to protect other elements in the system from damage.






6. 80% of the effects generated by any large system are caused by 20% of the variables.






7. Patients experience treatment effects based on their belief that a treatment will work.






8. The use of pictorial images to improve the recognition and recall of signs and controls.






9. The quality of system output is dependent on the quality of system input.






10. A term used to describe a set of data - that when plotted - forms a symmetrical - bell- shaped curve.






11. The act of measuring certain sensitive variable in a system can alter them - and confound the accuracy of the measurement.






12. A method of limiting the actions that can be performed on a system.






13. A relationship between controls and their movements or effects. When th effect corresponds to the expectation - the mapping is considered to be good or natural.






14. It is often preferable to settle for a satisfactory solution - rather than pursue an optimal solution.






15. The tendency for people to perform better or worse based on the expectations of another.






16. A tendency to assume that a system that works at one scale will also work at a smaller or larger scale. (2 kinds: Load assumptions and Interaction assumptions)






17. The ratio of relevant to irrelevant information in a display. The highest possible signal- to- noise ratio is desirable in design.






18. A method of illustrating relationships and patterns in system behaviors by representing two or more system variables in a controlled way.






19. When participants realise the aim of the study and may change their behaviour to help or disrupt the study.






20. The tendency to perceive objects as unchanging - despite changes in sensory input. (such as perspective - lighting - color or size)






21. A strategy for managing information complexity in which only necessary or requested information is displayed at any given time.






22. There are three ways to organize materials to support a load or to contain and protect something: Mass structures - frame structures - and shell structures.






23. A technique used to asociate a stimulus with an unconscious physical or emotional response.






24. Elements that are similar are perceived to be more related than elements that are dissimilar.






25. All products progress sequentially through four stages of existence: introduction - growth - maturity - and decline.






26. Given a choice between functionally equivalent designs - the simplest design should be selected.

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27. Repeated exposure to stimuli for which people have neutral feelings will increase the likeability of the stimuli.






28. A tendency to interpret shaded or dark areas of an object as shadows resulting from a light source above the object.






29. A method of reorganizing information to make the information simpler - more meaningful and easier to remember. (ie. First Letter - Keyword - Rhyme - Feature Name)






30. A phenomenon of memory in which noticeably different things are more likely to be recalled that common things. (AKA Isolation/Novelty Effect)






31. The use of simplified and incomplete models of a design to explore ideas - elaborate requirements - refine specifications - and test functionality.






32. The debgree to which prose can be understood - based on the complexity of words and sentences.






33. The usability of a system is improved when its status and methods of use are clearly visible.






34. A point of physical or attentional entry into a design. (Minimal Barriers - Points of Prospect - Progressive Lures)






35. A property of visual equivalence among elements in a form.






36. A technique for bringing attention to an area of text or image.






37. The visual clarity of text - generally based on the size - typeface - contrast - text block - and spacing of the characters used.






38. A space that has territorial markers - opportunities for surveillance - and clear indications of activity and ownership.






39. Memory for recognizing things is better than memory for recalling things.






40. A process in which similar characteristics evolve independently in multiple systems.






41. A phenomenon of memory in which items presented at the beginning and end of a list are more likely to be recalled than items in the middle of a list.






42. Elements perceived as either figures (objects of focus) or ground (the rest of the perceptual field)






43. A state of mental focus so intense that awareness of the 'real' world is lost - generally resulting in a feeling of joy and satisfaction.






44. A tendency to see objects and patterns as 3D when certain visual cues are present.






45. A method of managing system complexity that involves dividing large systems into multiple - smaller self- contained systems.






46. A relationship between variables in a system where the consequences of an event are fed back in order to modify the event in the future.






47. A preference for a particular ratio of waist size to hip size in men and women. Men prefer 0.7 in women. Women prefer 0.9 in men.






48. Using more elements than is necessary to offset the effects of unknown variables which may cause a system failure.






49. There are five ways to organize information: Category - time - location - alphabet - and continuum.






50. The process of using spatial and environmental information to navigate to a destination.