Test your basic knowledge |

Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A property of visual equivalence among elements in a form.






2. The act of measuring certain sensitive variable in a system can alter them - and confound the accuracy of the measurement.






3. A phenomenon of visual processing in which certain line orientations are more quickly and easily processed and discriminated than other line orientations.






4. A tendency to interpret ambiguous images as simple and a complete unit - versus complex and incomplete. (Gestalt principle of perception).






5. A technique used to modify behavior by reinforcing desired behaviors - and ignoring or punishing undesired behaviors.






6. An action or ommission of action yielding an unintended result.






7. The use of simplified and incomplete models of a design to explore ideas - elaborate requirements - refine specifications - and test functionality.






8. A method of limiting the actions that can be performed on a system.






9. It is often preferable to settle for a satisfactory solution - rather than pursue an optimal solution.






10. A technique of combining many units of information into a limited number of units or chunks - so that the information is easier to process and remember.






11. A strategy for managing information complexity in which only necessary or requested information is displayed at any given time.






12. A technique that influences decision making and judgement by manipulating the way information is presented.






13. A method of illustrating relationships and patterns in system behaviors by representing two or more system variables in a controlled way.






14. There are three ways to organize materials to support a load or to contain and protect something: Mass structures - frame structures - and shell structures.






15. A phenomenon of memory in which noticeably different things are more likely to be recalled that common things. (AKA Isolation/Novelty Effect)






16. Repeated exposure to stimuli for which people have neutral feelings will increase the likeability of the stimuli.






17. A technique used to teach a desired behavior by reinforcing increasingly accurate approximations of the behavior.






18. A Gestalt law of organization; elements arrange in a straight line or a smooth curve are perceived as a group - and are interpreted as being more related than elements not on the line or curve.






19. A tendency to see people and things iwth baby- faced features as more naive - helpless - and honest than those with mature features.






20. A method of reorganizing information to make the information simpler - more meaningful and easier to remember. (ie. First Letter - Keyword - Rhyme - Feature Name)






21. An activity will be pursued only if its benefits are equal to or greater than the costs. (ie. How much reading is too much to get the point of a message?)






22. The tendency for people to behave differently when they know they are being studied






23. A method of creating imagery - emotions - and understanding of events through an interaction between a storyteller and an audience.






24. The tendency to see attractive people as more intelligent - competent - moral and sociable than unattractive people.






25. Designs should help people avoid errors and minimize the negative consequences of errors when they do occur.






26. Tendency to perceive a set of individual elements as a single - recogniable pattern - rather than multiple - individual elements.






27. A sequence of numbers in which each number is the sum of the preceding two.






28. As the flexiblity of a system increases - its usability decreases.






29. A space that has territorial markers - opportunities for surveillance - and clear indications of activity and ownership.






30. All products progress sequentially through four stages of existence: introduction - growth - maturity - and decline.






31. A tendency to assume that a system that works at one scale will also work at a smaller or larger scale. (2 kinds: Load assumptions and Interaction assumptions)






32. An attribute of an object that allows people to intuitively know how to use it






33. The use of pictorial images to improve the recognition and recall of signs and controls.






34. Elements perceived as either figures (objects of focus) or ground (the rest of the perceptual field)






35. People tend to prefer savanna- like environments to other types of environments. Open areas - scattered trees - water - and uniform grassiness rather than other natural environments such as desert - jungle - and complex mtns.






36. An original model on which something is patterned






37. The usability of a system is improved when its status and methods of use are clearly visible.






38. Teh act of copying properties of familiar objects - organisms - or environments in order to realize specifice benefits afforded by those properties.






39. The debgree to which prose can be understood - based on the complexity of words and sentences.






40. The use of more elements than necessary to maintain the performance of a system in the event of failure of one or more of the elements.






41. A relationship between variables in a system where the consequences of an event are fed back in order to modify the event in the future.






42. The quality of system output is dependent on the quality of system input.






43. Beauty in design results from purity of function. Interpreted in 2 ways: A description of beauty or a prescription for beauty.






44. 1) Physiological 2) Safety 3) Love 4) Self-Esteem 5) Self-Actualization

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45. A technique for preventing unintended actions by requiring verification of the actions before they are performed.






46. A diagram that describes the general pattern followed by the eyes when looking at evenly distributed - homogeneous information.






47. Given a choice between functionally equivalent designs - the simplest design should be selected.

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48. The tendency for people to perform better or worse based on the expectations of another.






49. A ratio within the elements of a form - such as height to width - approximating 0.618.






50. Adjusting parts of a device in relation to each other to create a sense of unity and cohesion.