Test your basic knowledge |

Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Using more elements than is necessary to offset the effects of unknown variables which may cause a system failure.






2. As the flexiblity of a system increases - its usability decreases.






3. 1) Physiological 2) Safety 3) Love 4) Self-Esteem 5) Self-Actualization

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4. A phenomenon in which perception and behavior changes as a result of personal expectations or the expectations of others. (Halo effect - Hawthorne effect - Pygmalion effect - Placebo effect - Rosenthal effect - Demand characteristics.)






5. The tendency for people to perform better or worse based on the expectations of another.






6. A technique of composition in which a medium is divided into thirds - creating aesthetic positions for the primary elements of a design.






7. Hierarchical organization is the simplest structure for visualizing and understanding complexity.






8. A method of reorganizing information to make the information simpler - more meaningful and easier to remember. (ie. First Letter - Keyword - Rhyme - Feature Name)






9. The process of using spatial and environmental information to navigate to a destination.






10. Pictures are remembered better than words.






11. Successful products typically follow four stages of creation: requirements - design - development - and testing.






12. A tendency to see objects and patterns as 3D when certain visual cues are present.






13. A technique used to asociate a stimulus with an unconscious physical or emotional response.






14. The use of simplified and incomplete models of a design to explore ideas - elaborate requirements - refine specifications - and test functionality.






15. A method of presentation in which information is presented in descending order of importance. (Critical information presented first).






16. Memory for recognizing things is better than memory for recalling things.






17. A phenomenon of memory in which items presented at the beginning and end of a list are more likely to be recalled than items in the middle of a list.






18. A method of limiting the actions that can be performed on a system.






19. Elements that are similar are perceived to be more related than elements that are dissimilar.






20. The time required to move to a target is a function of the target size and distance to the target.

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21. The relative ease with which a destination - idea - or concept may be reached.






22. When participants realise the aim of the study and may change their behaviour to help or disrupt the study.






23. An action or ommission of action yielding an unintended result.






24. Teachers treat students differently based on their expectations of how students will perform.






25. A method of illustrating relationships and patterns in system behaviors by representing two or more system variables in a controlled way.






26. The ratio of face to body in an image that influences the way the person in the image is perceived. (High = intelligent / Low = physical)






27. A technique for preventing unintended actions by requiring verification of the actions before they are performed.






28. The use of pictorial images to improve the recognition and recall of signs and controls.






29. The time it takes to make a decision increases as the number of alternatives increases.

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30. There are three ways to organize materials to support a load or to contain and protect something: Mass structures - frame structures - and shell structures.






31. An attribute of an object that allows people to intuitively know how to use it






32. Elements that are connected by uniform visual properties - such as color - are perceived to be more related than elements that are not connected.






33. A process of repeating a set of operation until a specific result is achieved.






34. Patients experience treatment effects based on their belief that a treatment will work.






35. A technique for bringing attention to an area of text or image.






36. A technique of combining many units of information into a limited number of units or chunks - so that the information is easier to process and remember.






37. The tendency to see attractive people as more intelligent - competent - moral and sociable than unattractive people.






38. The greater the effort to accomplish a task - the less likely the task will be accomplished successfully.






39. A state of mental focus so intense that awareness of the 'real' world is lost - generally resulting in a feeling of joy and satisfaction.






40. The use of more elements than necessary to maintain the performance of a system in the event of failure of one or more of the elements.






41. A point of physical or attentional entry into a design. (Minimal Barriers - Points of Prospect - Progressive Lures)






42. An activity will be pursued only if its benefits are equal to or greater than the costs. (ie. How much reading is too much to get the point of a message?)






43. A phenomenon of visual processing in which certain line orientations are more quickly and easily processed and discriminated than other line orientations.






44. It is often preferable to settle for a satisfactory solution - rather than pursue an optimal solution.






45. A diagram that describes the general pattern followed by the eyes when looking at evenly distributed - homogeneous information.






46. Repeated exposure to stimuli for which people have neutral feelings will increase the likeability of the stimuli.






47. A preference for a particular ratio of waist size to hip size in men and women. Men prefer 0.7 in women. Women prefer 0.9 in men.






48. Elements perceived as either figures (objects of focus) or ground (the rest of the perceptual field)






49. All products progress sequentially through four stages of existence: introduction - growth - maturity - and decline.






50. A relationship between variables in a system where the consequences of an event are fed back in order to modify the event in the future.