Test your basic knowledge |

Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A relationship between variables in a system where the consequences of an event are fed back in order to modify the event in the future.






2. Teh act of copying properties of familiar objects - organisms - or environments in order to realize specifice benefits afforded by those properties.






3. The relative ease with which a destination - idea - or concept may be reached.






4. As the flexiblity of a system increases - its usability decreases.






5. The quality of system output is dependent on the quality of system input.






6. Elements perceived as either figures (objects of focus) or ground (the rest of the perceptual field)






7. Elements that are similar are perceived to be more related than elements that are dissimilar.






8. A method of presentation in which information is presented in descending order of importance. (Critical information presented first).






9. A tendency to see people and things iwth baby- faced features as more naive - helpless - and honest than those with mature features.






10. The deliberate use of a weak element that will fail in order to protect other elements in the system from damage.






11. A technique for preventing unintended actions by requiring verification of the actions before they are performed.






12. A method of creating imagery - emotions - and understanding of events through an interaction between a storyteller and an audience.






13. A point of physical or attentional entry into a design. (Minimal Barriers - Points of Prospect - Progressive Lures)






14. The tendency for people to behave differently when they know they are being studied






15. A method of reorganizing information to make the information simpler - more meaningful and easier to remember. (ie. First Letter - Keyword - Rhyme - Feature Name)






16. A tendency to prefer faces in which the eyes - nose - lips and other features are close to the average of a population.






17. A phenomenon of visual processing in which certain line orientations are more quickly and easily processed and discriminated than other line orientations.






18. Pictures are remembered better than words.






19. A phenomenon of memory in which noticeably different things are more likely to be recalled that common things. (AKA Isolation/Novelty Effect)






20. A technique used to teach a desired behavior by reinforcing increasingly accurate approximations of the behavior.






21. An attribute of an object that allows people to intuitively know how to use it






22. A term used to describe a set of data - that when plotted - forms a symmetrical - bell- shaped curve.






23. The use of simplified and incomplete models of a design to explore ideas - elaborate requirements - refine specifications - and test functionality.






24. The tendency to see attractive people as more intelligent - competent - moral and sociable than unattractive people.






25. A sequence of numbers in which each number is the sum of the preceding two.






26. The distressing state of thought caused by recognizing an inconsistency between behavior/thought and value/belief.






27. A preference for a particular ratio of waist size to hip size in men and women. Men prefer 0.7 in women. Women prefer 0.9 in men.






28. There are three ways to organize materials to support a load or to contain and protect something: Mass structures - frame structures - and shell structures.






29. Tendency to form an overall positive impression of a person on the basis of one positive characteristic






30. Memory for recognizing things is better than memory for recalling things.






31. A process in which similar characteristics evolve independently in multiple systems.






32. A property in which a form is made up of parts similar to the whole or to one another.






33. A method of illustrating relationships and patterns in system behaviors by representing two or more system variables in a controlled way.






34. The tendency to perceive objects as unchanging - despite changes in sensory input. (such as perspective - lighting - color or size)






35. Repeated exposure to stimuli for which people have neutral feelings will increase the likeability of the stimuli.






36. A relationship between controls and their movements or effects. When th effect corresponds to the expectation - the mapping is considered to be good or natural.






37. A diagram that describes the general pattern followed by the eyes when looking at evenly distributed - homogeneous information.






38. A technique used to asociate a stimulus with an unconscious physical or emotional response.






39. The use of pictorial images to improve the recognition and recall of signs and controls.






40. 1) Functionality 2) Reliability 3) Usability 4) Proficiency 5) Creativity. In order for design to be successful - it must meet ppl's basic need before it can attempt to satisfy higher- level needs.






41. A process of repeating a set of operation until a specific result is achieved.






42. The use of more elements than necessary to maintain the performance of a system in the event of failure of one or more of the elements.






43. A phenomenon of memory in which information that is analyzed deeply is better recalled than information that is analyzed superficially.






44. A ratio within the elements of a form - such as height to width - approximating 0.618.






45. A phenomenon in which perception and behavior changes as a result of personal expectations or the expectations of others. (Halo effect - Hawthorne effect - Pygmalion effect - Placebo effect - Rosenthal effect - Demand characteristics.)






46. A space that has territorial markers - opportunities for surveillance - and clear indications of activity and ownership.






47. The designs that help people perform optimally are often not the same as the designs that people find most desirable.






48. The act of measuring certain sensitive variable in a system can alter them - and confound the accuracy of the measurement.






49. A technique used to modify behavior by reinforcing desired behaviors - and ignoring or punishing undesired behaviors.






50. A phenomenon of memory in which items presented at the beginning and end of a list are more likely to be recalled than items in the middle of a list.