Test your basic knowledge |

Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A process of repeating a set of operation until a specific result is achieved.






2. Hierarchical organization is the simplest structure for visualizing and understanding complexity.






3. A point of physical or attentional entry into a design. (Minimal Barriers - Points of Prospect - Progressive Lures)






4. A space that has territorial markers - opportunities for surveillance - and clear indications of activity and ownership.






5. A sequence of numbers in which each number is the sum of the preceding two.






6. A state of mental focus so intense that awareness of the 'real' world is lost - generally resulting in a feeling of joy and satisfaction.






7. Teh act of copying properties of familiar objects - organisms - or environments in order to realize specifice benefits afforded by those properties.






8. A tendency to prefer faces in which the eyes - nose - lips and other features are close to the average of a population.






9. There are three ways to organize materials to support a load or to contain and protect something: Mass structures - frame structures - and shell structures.






10. 80% of the effects generated by any large system are caused by 20% of the variables.






11. A term used to describe a set of data - that when plotted - forms a symmetrical - bell- shaped curve.






12. The relative ease with which a destination - idea - or concept may be reached.






13. A phenomenon of memory in which noticeably different things are more likely to be recalled that common things. (AKA Isolation/Novelty Effect)






14. A method of illustrating relationships and patterns in system behaviors by representing two or more system variables in a controlled way.






15. Tendency to perceive a set of individual elements as a single - recogniable pattern - rather than multiple - individual elements.






16. A tendency to see objects and patterns as 3D when certain visual cues are present.






17. A phenomenon in which mental processing is made slower and less accurate by competing mental processes.






18. A technique used to modify behavior by reinforcing desired behaviors - and ignoring or punishing undesired behaviors.






19. A process in which similar characteristics evolve independently in multiple systems.






20. A strategy for managing information complexity in which only necessary or requested information is displayed at any given time.






21. 1) Functionality 2) Reliability 3) Usability 4) Proficiency 5) Creativity. In order for design to be successful - it must meet ppl's basic need before it can attempt to satisfy higher- level needs.






22. A phenomenon of memory in which items presented at the beginning and end of a list are more likely to be recalled than items in the middle of a list.






23. Elements perceived as either figures (objects of focus) or ground (the rest of the perceptual field)






24. The designs that help people perform optimally are often not the same as the designs that people find most desirable.






25. A phenomenon of memory in which information that is analyzed deeply is better recalled than information that is analyzed superficially.






26. The greater the effort to accomplish a task - the less likely the task will be accomplished successfully.






27. The act of measuring certain sensitive variable in a system can alter them - and confound the accuracy of the measurement.






28. A technique of composition in which a medium is divided into thirds - creating aesthetic positions for the primary elements of a design.






29. An attribute of an object that allows people to intuitively know how to use it






30. A ratio within the elements of a form - such as height to width - approximating 0.618.






31. A Gestalt principle of organization holding that aspects of perceptual field that move or function in a similar manner will be perceived as a unit






32. A technique used to teach a desired behavior by reinforcing increasingly accurate approximations of the behavior.






33. A diagram that describes the general pattern followed by the eyes when looking at evenly distributed - homogeneous information.






34. The tendency to perceive objects as unchanging - despite changes in sensory input. (such as perspective - lighting - color or size)






35. Elements that are similar are perceived to be more related than elements that are dissimilar.






36. Given a choice between functionally equivalent designs - the simplest design should be selected.

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37. The ratio of face to body in an image that influences the way the person in the image is perceived. (High = intelligent / Low = physical)






38. An activity will be pursued only if its benefits are equal to or greater than the costs. (ie. How much reading is too much to get the point of a message?)






39. A relationship between variables in a system where the consequences of an event are fed back in order to modify the event in the future.






40. A technique used to asociate a stimulus with an unconscious physical or emotional response.






41. An action or ommission of action yielding an unintended result.






42. The use of pictorial images to improve the recognition and recall of signs and controls.






43. Pictures are remembered better than words.






44. An ability to detect threatening stimuli more efficiently than nonthreatening stimuli.






45. Teachers treat students differently based on their expectations of how students will perform.






46. A preference for a particular ratio of waist size to hip size in men and women. Men prefer 0.7 in women. Women prefer 0.9 in men.






47. People tend to prefer savanna- like environments to other types of environments. Open areas - scattered trees - water - and uniform grassiness rather than other natural environments such as desert - jungle - and complex mtns.






48. When participants realise the aim of the study and may change their behaviour to help or disrupt the study.






49. The process of using spatial and environmental information to navigate to a destination.






50. As the flexiblity of a system increases - its usability decreases.