Test your basic knowledge |

Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The process of organizing information into related groupings in order to manage complexity and reinforce relationships in the information.






2. A method of limiting the actions that can be performed on a system.






3. A Gestalt principle of organization holding that aspects of perceptual field that move or function in a similar manner will be perceived as a unit






4. A sequence of numbers in which each number is the sum of the preceding two.






5. A technique for preventing unintended actions by requiring verification of the actions before they are performed.






6. The usability of a system is improved when its status and methods of use are clearly visible.






7. Teachers treat students differently based on their expectations of how students will perform.






8. The act of measuring certain sensitive variable in a system can alter them - and confound the accuracy of the measurement.






9. An attribute of an object that allows people to intuitively know how to use it






10. Beauty in design results from purity of function. Interpreted in 2 ways: A description of beauty or a prescription for beauty.






11. The use of simplified and incomplete models of a design to explore ideas - elaborate requirements - refine specifications - and test functionality.






12. A property in which a form is made up of parts similar to the whole or to one another.






13. When participants realise the aim of the study and may change their behaviour to help or disrupt the study.






14. A method of presentation in which information is presented in descending order of importance. (Critical information presented first).






15. An action or ommission of action yielding an unintended result.






16. 80% of the effects generated by any large system are caused by 20% of the variables.






17. People tend to prefer savanna- like environments to other types of environments. Open areas - scattered trees - water - and uniform grassiness rather than other natural environments such as desert - jungle - and complex mtns.






18. Given a choice between functionally equivalent designs - the simplest design should be selected.

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19. A tendency to see objects and patterns as 3D when certain visual cues are present.






20. A Gestalt law of organization; elements arrange in a straight line or a smooth curve are perceived as a group - and are interpreted as being more related than elements not on the line or curve.






21. Tendency to form an overall positive impression of a person on the basis of one positive characteristic






22. A ratio within the elements of a form - such as height to width - approximating 0.618.






23. A technique used to modify behavior by reinforcing desired behaviors - and ignoring or punishing undesired behaviors.






24. An activity will be pursued only if its benefits are equal to or greater than the costs. (ie. How much reading is too much to get the point of a message?)






25. A method of managing system complexity that involves dividing large systems into multiple - smaller self- contained systems.






26. A diagram that describes the general pattern followed by the eyes when looking at evenly distributed - homogeneous information.






27. A phenomenon of memory in which information that is analyzed deeply is better recalled than information that is analyzed superficially.






28. Successful products typically follow four stages of creation: requirements - design - development - and testing.






29. The distressing state of thought caused by recognizing an inconsistency between behavior/thought and value/belief.






30. A technique of composition in which a medium is divided into thirds - creating aesthetic positions for the primary elements of a design.






31. An ability to detect threatening stimuli more efficiently than nonthreatening stimuli.






32. Teh act of copying properties of familiar objects - organisms - or environments in order to realize specifice benefits afforded by those properties.






33. The tendency to see attractive people as more intelligent - competent - moral and sociable than unattractive people.






34. An original model on which something is patterned






35. Using more elements than is necessary to offset the effects of unknown variables which may cause a system failure.






36. Elements perceived as either figures (objects of focus) or ground (the rest of the perceptual field)






37. The time required to move to a target is a function of the target size and distance to the target.

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38. The level of control provided by a system should be related to the proficiency and experience levels of the people using the system.






39. A phenomenon of memory in which noticeably different things are more likely to be recalled that common things. (AKA Isolation/Novelty Effect)






40. Repeated exposure to stimuli for which people have neutral feelings will increase the likeability of the stimuli.






41. A method of reorganizing information to make the information simpler - more meaningful and easier to remember. (ie. First Letter - Keyword - Rhyme - Feature Name)






42. A method of creating imagery - emotions - and understanding of events through an interaction between a storyteller and an audience.






43. Tendency to perceive a set of individual elements as a single - recogniable pattern - rather than multiple - individual elements.






44. Elements that are similar are perceived to be more related than elements that are dissimilar.






45. A phenomenon of visual processing in which certain line orientations are more quickly and easily processed and discriminated than other line orientations.






46. A technique that influences decision making and judgement by manipulating the way information is presented.






47. A method of illustrating relationships and patterns in system behaviors by representing two or more system variables in a controlled way.






48. Pictures are remembered better than words.






49. The ratio of face to body in an image that influences the way the person in the image is perceived. (High = intelligent / Low = physical)






50. A tendency to see people and things iwth baby- faced features as more naive - helpless - and honest than those with mature features.