Test your basic knowledge |

Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A phenomenon of memory in which items presented at the beginning and end of a list are more likely to be recalled than items in the middle of a list.






2. A tendency to assume that a system that works at one scale will also work at a smaller or larger scale. (2 kinds: Load assumptions and Interaction assumptions)






3. A diagram that describes the general pattern followed by the eyes when looking at evenly distributed - homogeneous information.






4. An activity will be pursued only if its benefits are equal to or greater than the costs. (ie. How much reading is too much to get the point of a message?)






5. As the flexiblity of a system increases - its usability decreases.






6. A method of illustrating relationships and patterns in system behaviors by representing two or more system variables in a controlled way.






7. When participants realise the aim of the study and may change their behaviour to help or disrupt the study.






8. Using more elements than is necessary to offset the effects of unknown variables which may cause a system failure.






9. A phenomenon in which mental processing is made slower and less accurate by competing mental processes.






10. The quality of system output is dependent on the quality of system input.






11. A phenomenon of memory in which noticeably different things are more likely to be recalled that common things. (AKA Isolation/Novelty Effect)






12. The deliberate use of a weak element that will fail in order to protect other elements in the system from damage.






13. A preference for a particular ratio of waist size to hip size in men and women. Men prefer 0.7 in women. Women prefer 0.9 in men.






14. The usability of a system is improved when its status and methods of use are clearly visible.






15. The use of simplified and incomplete models of a design to explore ideas - elaborate requirements - refine specifications - and test functionality.






16. Elements perceived as either figures (objects of focus) or ground (the rest of the perceptual field)






17. The distressing state of thought caused by recognizing an inconsistency between behavior/thought and value/belief.






18. The use of more elements than necessary to maintain the performance of a system in the event of failure of one or more of the elements.






19. Memory for recognizing things is better than memory for recalling things.






20. A technique used to asociate a stimulus with an unconscious physical or emotional response.






21. A property in which a form is made up of parts similar to the whole or to one another.






22. A technique of composition in which a medium is divided into thirds - creating aesthetic positions for the primary elements of a design.






23. A tendency to see people and things iwth baby- faced features as more naive - helpless - and honest than those with mature features.






24. The visual clarity of text - generally based on the size - typeface - contrast - text block - and spacing of the characters used.






25. A state of mental focus so intense that awareness of the 'real' world is lost - generally resulting in a feeling of joy and satisfaction.






26. The designs that help people perform optimally are often not the same as the designs that people find most desirable.






27. The time required to move to a target is a function of the target size and distance to the target.

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28. The process of using spatial and environmental information to navigate to a destination.






29. People tend to prefer savanna- like environments to other types of environments. Open areas - scattered trees - water - and uniform grassiness rather than other natural environments such as desert - jungle - and complex mtns.






30. Designs should help people avoid errors and minimize the negative consequences of errors when they do occur.






31. The greater the effort to accomplish a task - the less likely the task will be accomplished successfully.






32. Teh act of copying properties of familiar objects - organisms - or environments in order to realize specifice benefits afforded by those properties.






33. The tendency for people to perform better or worse based on the expectations of another.






34. A term used to describe a set of data - that when plotted - forms a symmetrical - bell- shaped curve.






35. Beauty in design results from purity of function. Interpreted in 2 ways: A description of beauty or a prescription for beauty.






36. A relationship between controls and their movements or effects. When th effect corresponds to the expectation - the mapping is considered to be good or natural.






37. An attribute of an object that allows people to intuitively know how to use it






38. The level of control provided by a system should be related to the proficiency and experience levels of the people using the system.






39. The time it takes to make a decision increases as the number of alternatives increases.

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40. A technique used to teach a desired behavior by reinforcing increasingly accurate approximations of the behavior.






41. A process of repeating a set of operation until a specific result is achieved.






42. A technique of combining many units of information into a limited number of units or chunks - so that the information is easier to process and remember.






43. A strategy for managing information complexity in which only necessary or requested information is displayed at any given time.






44. Repeated exposure to stimuli for which people have neutral feelings will increase the likeability of the stimuli.






45. The relative ease with which a destination - idea - or concept may be reached.






46. A tendency to interpret ambiguous images as simple and a complete unit - versus complex and incomplete. (Gestalt principle of perception).






47. A phenomenon of memory in which information that is analyzed deeply is better recalled than information that is analyzed superficially.






48. The use of pictorial images to improve the recognition and recall of signs and controls.






49. Pictures are remembered better than words.






50. A sequence of numbers in which each number is the sum of the preceding two.