Test your basic knowledge |

Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A phenomenon of memory in which noticeably different things are more likely to be recalled that common things. (AKA Isolation/Novelty Effect)






2. A phenomenon of visual processing in which certain line orientations are more quickly and easily processed and discriminated than other line orientations.






3. People tend to prefer savanna- like environments to other types of environments. Open areas - scattered trees - water - and uniform grassiness rather than other natural environments such as desert - jungle - and complex mtns.






4. A relationship between variables in a system where the consequences of an event are fed back in order to modify the event in the future.






5. A technique for preventing unintended actions by requiring verification of the actions before they are performed.






6. The ratio of relevant to irrelevant information in a display. The highest possible signal- to- noise ratio is desirable in design.






7. The use of more elements than necessary to maintain the performance of a system in the event of failure of one or more of the elements.






8. 80% of the effects generated by any large system are caused by 20% of the variables.






9. A tendency to see people and things iwth baby- faced features as more naive - helpless - and honest than those with mature features.






10. A technique of combining many units of information into a limited number of units or chunks - so that the information is easier to process and remember.






11. A tendency to prefer faces in which the eyes - nose - lips and other features are close to the average of a population.






12. A relationship between controls and their movements or effects. When th effect corresponds to the expectation - the mapping is considered to be good or natural.






13. The tendency to see attractive people as more intelligent - competent - moral and sociable than unattractive people.






14. The tendency for people to perform better or worse based on the expectations of another.






15. Elements that are similar are perceived to be more related than elements that are dissimilar.






16. The process of using spatial and environmental information to navigate to a destination.






17. 1) Physiological 2) Safety 3) Love 4) Self-Esteem 5) Self-Actualization

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18. The usability of a system is improved when similar parts are expressed in similar ways.






19. A tendency to prefer environments with unobstructed views (prospects) and areas of concealment and retreat (refuges).






20. A technique used to asociate a stimulus with an unconscious physical or emotional response.






21. Elements that are connected by uniform visual properties - such as color - are perceived to be more related than elements that are not connected.






22. A technique used to modify behavior by reinforcing desired behaviors - and ignoring or punishing undesired behaviors.






23. A process in which similar characteristics evolve independently in multiple systems.






24. The tendency for people to behave differently when they know they are being studied






25. A Gestalt principle of organization holding that aspects of perceptual field that move or function in a similar manner will be perceived as a unit






26. Hierarchical organization is the simplest structure for visualizing and understanding complexity.






27. Pictures are remembered better than words.






28. The use of pictorial images to improve the recognition and recall of signs and controls.






29. A technique that influences decision making and judgement by manipulating the way information is presented.






30. Elements perceived as either figures (objects of focus) or ground (the rest of the perceptual field)






31. A technique of composition in which a medium is divided into thirds - creating aesthetic positions for the primary elements of a design.






32. The distressing state of thought caused by recognizing an inconsistency between behavior/thought and value/belief.






33. A process of repeating a set of operation until a specific result is achieved.






34. When participants realise the aim of the study and may change their behaviour to help or disrupt the study.






35. Beauty in design results from purity of function. Interpreted in 2 ways: A description of beauty or a prescription for beauty.






36. Given a choice between functionally equivalent designs - the simplest design should be selected.

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37. Memory for recognizing things is better than memory for recalling things.






38. A method of illustrating relationships and patterns in system behaviors by representing two or more system variables in a controlled way.






39. A diagram that describes the general pattern followed by the eyes when looking at evenly distributed - homogeneous information.






40. The use of simplified and incomplete models of a design to explore ideas - elaborate requirements - refine specifications - and test functionality.






41. The ratio of face to body in an image that influences the way the person in the image is perceived. (High = intelligent / Low = physical)






42. The greater the effort to accomplish a task - the less likely the task will be accomplished successfully.






43. The deliberate use of a weak element that will fail in order to protect other elements in the system from damage.






44. 1) Functionality 2) Reliability 3) Usability 4) Proficiency 5) Creativity. In order for design to be successful - it must meet ppl's basic need before it can attempt to satisfy higher- level needs.






45. The process of organizing information into related groupings in order to manage complexity and reinforce relationships in the information.






46. It is often preferable to settle for a satisfactory solution - rather than pursue an optimal solution.






47. Elements that are close together are percieved to be more related than elements that are farther apart.






48. A method of reorganizing information to make the information simpler - more meaningful and easier to remember. (ie. First Letter - Keyword - Rhyme - Feature Name)






49. Tendency to form an overall positive impression of a person on the basis of one positive characteristic






50. A preference for a particular ratio of waist size to hip size in men and women. Men prefer 0.7 in women. Women prefer 0.9 in men.