Test your basic knowledge |

Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A property in which a form is made up of parts similar to the whole or to one another.






2. A phenomenon of memory in which information that is analyzed deeply is better recalled than information that is analyzed superficially.






3. A tendency to see people and things iwth baby- faced features as more naive - helpless - and honest than those with mature features.






4. A tendency to assume that a system that works at one scale will also work at a smaller or larger scale. (2 kinds: Load assumptions and Interaction assumptions)






5. The use of more elements than necessary to maintain the performance of a system in the event of failure of one or more of the elements.






6. The ratio of relevant to irrelevant information in a display. The highest possible signal- to- noise ratio is desirable in design.






7. A method of reorganizing information to make the information simpler - more meaningful and easier to remember. (ie. First Letter - Keyword - Rhyme - Feature Name)






8. A method of limiting the actions that can be performed on a system.






9. An original model on which something is patterned






10. Teachers treat students differently based on their expectations of how students will perform.






11. A process of repeating a set of operation until a specific result is achieved.






12. The use of simplified and incomplete models of a design to explore ideas - elaborate requirements - refine specifications - and test functionality.






13. 80% of the effects generated by any large system are caused by 20% of the variables.






14. A preference for a particular ratio of waist size to hip size in men and women. Men prefer 0.7 in women. Women prefer 0.9 in men.






15. Tendency to perceive a set of individual elements as a single - recogniable pattern - rather than multiple - individual elements.






16. A technique that influences decision making and judgement by manipulating the way information is presented.






17. Teh act of copying properties of familiar objects - organisms - or environments in order to realize specifice benefits afforded by those properties.






18. The deliberate use of a weak element that will fail in order to protect other elements in the system from damage.






19. A relationship between controls and their movements or effects. When th effect corresponds to the expectation - the mapping is considered to be good or natural.






20. A technique of combining many units of information into a limited number of units or chunks - so that the information is easier to process and remember.






21. The act of measuring certain sensitive variable in a system can alter them - and confound the accuracy of the measurement.






22. A Gestalt principle of organization holding that aspects of perceptual field that move or function in a similar manner will be perceived as a unit






23. An ability to detect threatening stimuli more efficiently than nonthreatening stimuli.






24. A technique for preventing unintended actions by requiring verification of the actions before they are performed.






25. The usability of a system is improved when similar parts are expressed in similar ways.






26. An attribute of an object that allows people to intuitively know how to use it






27. A phenomenon in which mental processing is made slower and less accurate by competing mental processes.






28. A phenomenon of memory in which noticeably different things are more likely to be recalled that common things. (AKA Isolation/Novelty Effect)






29. The time it takes to make a decision increases as the number of alternatives increases.

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30. A tendency to see objects and patterns as 3D when certain visual cues are present.






31. The debgree to which prose can be understood - based on the complexity of words and sentences.






32. A state of mental focus so intense that awareness of the 'real' world is lost - generally resulting in a feeling of joy and satisfaction.






33. A tendency to interpret ambiguous images as simple and a complete unit - versus complex and incomplete. (Gestalt principle of perception).






34. The tendency for people to behave differently when they know they are being studied






35. An action or ommission of action yielding an unintended result.






36. The process of organizing information into related groupings in order to manage complexity and reinforce relationships in the information.






37. A relationship between variables in a system where the consequences of an event are fed back in order to modify the event in the future.






38. A method of presentation in which information is presented in descending order of importance. (Critical information presented first).






39. People tend to prefer savanna- like environments to other types of environments. Open areas - scattered trees - water - and uniform grassiness rather than other natural environments such as desert - jungle - and complex mtns.






40. The quality of system output is dependent on the quality of system input.






41. A tendency to prefer faces in which the eyes - nose - lips and other features are close to the average of a population.






42. The usability of a system is improved when its status and methods of use are clearly visible.






43. A ratio within the elements of a form - such as height to width - approximating 0.618.






44. A phenomenon of visual processing in which certain line orientations are more quickly and easily processed and discriminated than other line orientations.






45. The greater the effort to accomplish a task - the less likely the task will be accomplished successfully.






46. Given a choice between functionally equivalent designs - the simplest design should be selected.

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47. As the flexiblity of a system increases - its usability decreases.






48. Elements perceived as either figures (objects of focus) or ground (the rest of the perceptual field)






49. A tendency to prefer environments with unobstructed views (prospects) and areas of concealment and retreat (refuges).






50. A technique for bringing attention to an area of text or image.