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Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A method of illustrating relationships and patterns in system behaviors by representing two or more system variables in a controlled way.






2. A diagram that describes the general pattern followed by the eyes when looking at evenly distributed - homogeneous information.






3. Patients experience treatment effects based on their belief that a treatment will work.






4. An action or ommission of action yielding an unintended result.






5. A sequence of numbers in which each number is the sum of the preceding two.






6. There are five ways to organize information: Category - time - location - alphabet - and continuum.






7. The deliberate use of a weak element that will fail in order to protect other elements in the system from damage.






8. The use of simplified and incomplete models of a design to explore ideas - elaborate requirements - refine specifications - and test functionality.






9. An original model on which something is patterned






10. A tendency to prefer environments with unobstructed views (prospects) and areas of concealment and retreat (refuges).






11. A technique of composition in which a medium is divided into thirds - creating aesthetic positions for the primary elements of a design.






12. There are three ways to organize materials to support a load or to contain and protect something: Mass structures - frame structures - and shell structures.






13. A space that has territorial markers - opportunities for surveillance - and clear indications of activity and ownership.






14. A technique that influences decision making and judgement by manipulating the way information is presented.






15. The quality of system output is dependent on the quality of system input.






16. 1) Physiological 2) Safety 3) Love 4) Self-Esteem 5) Self-Actualization

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17. A relationship between controls and their movements or effects. When th effect corresponds to the expectation - the mapping is considered to be good or natural.






18. A technique used to teach a desired behavior by reinforcing increasingly accurate approximations of the behavior.






19. 80% of the effects generated by any large system are caused by 20% of the variables.






20. Tendency to perceive a set of individual elements as a single - recogniable pattern - rather than multiple - individual elements.






21. The ratio of face to body in an image that influences the way the person in the image is perceived. (High = intelligent / Low = physical)






22. The time it takes to make a decision increases as the number of alternatives increases.

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23. Elements that are close together are percieved to be more related than elements that are farther apart.






24. Beauty in design results from purity of function. Interpreted in 2 ways: A description of beauty or a prescription for beauty.






25. Using more elements than is necessary to offset the effects of unknown variables which may cause a system failure.






26. The process of using spatial and environmental information to navigate to a destination.






27. The designs that help people perform optimally are often not the same as the designs that people find most desirable.






28. A technique used to modify behavior by reinforcing desired behaviors - and ignoring or punishing undesired behaviors.






29. The time required to move to a target is a function of the target size and distance to the target.

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30. Memory for recognizing things is better than memory for recalling things.






31. A phenomenon of memory in which noticeably different things are more likely to be recalled that common things. (AKA Isolation/Novelty Effect)






32. A phenomenon of visual processing in which certain line orientations are more quickly and easily processed and discriminated than other line orientations.






33. Designs should help people avoid errors and minimize the negative consequences of errors when they do occur.






34. The visual clarity of text - generally based on the size - typeface - contrast - text block - and spacing of the characters used.






35. A technique for preventing unintended actions by requiring verification of the actions before they are performed.






36. A ratio within the elements of a form - such as height to width - approximating 0.618.






37. 1) Functionality 2) Reliability 3) Usability 4) Proficiency 5) Creativity. In order for design to be successful - it must meet ppl's basic need before it can attempt to satisfy higher- level needs.






38. Pictures are remembered better than words.






39. A phenomenon in which perception and behavior changes as a result of personal expectations or the expectations of others. (Halo effect - Hawthorne effect - Pygmalion effect - Placebo effect - Rosenthal effect - Demand characteristics.)






40. A technique used to asociate a stimulus with an unconscious physical or emotional response.






41. The usability of a system is improved when similar parts are expressed in similar ways.






42. A tendency to interpret ambiguous images as simple and a complete unit - versus complex and incomplete. (Gestalt principle of perception).






43. Teh act of copying properties of familiar objects - organisms - or environments in order to realize specifice benefits afforded by those properties.






44. Tendency to form an overall positive impression of a person on the basis of one positive characteristic






45. A process in which similar characteristics evolve independently in multiple systems.






46. A property of visual equivalence among elements in a form.






47. People understand and interact with systems and environments based on mental representations developed from experience.






48. The level of control provided by a system should be related to the proficiency and experience levels of the people using the system.






49. An ability to detect threatening stimuli more efficiently than nonthreatening stimuli.






50. A method of presentation in which information is presented in descending order of importance. (Critical information presented first).






Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?



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