Test your basic knowledge |

Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The greater the effort to accomplish a task - the less likely the task will be accomplished successfully.






2. A phenomenon in which mental processing is made slower and less accurate by competing mental processes.






3. A method of limiting the actions that can be performed on a system.






4. The tendency to see attractive people as more intelligent - competent - moral and sociable than unattractive people.






5. A phenomenon in which perception and behavior changes as a result of personal expectations or the expectations of others. (Halo effect - Hawthorne effect - Pygmalion effect - Placebo effect - Rosenthal effect - Demand characteristics.)






6. A strategy for managing information complexity in which only necessary or requested information is displayed at any given time.






7. A Gestalt law of organization; elements arrange in a straight line or a smooth curve are perceived as a group - and are interpreted as being more related than elements not on the line or curve.






8. Pictures are remembered better than words.






9. The ratio of face to body in an image that influences the way the person in the image is perceived. (High = intelligent / Low = physical)






10. A tendency to prefer environments with unobstructed views (prospects) and areas of concealment and retreat (refuges).






11. A method of reorganizing information to make the information simpler - more meaningful and easier to remember. (ie. First Letter - Keyword - Rhyme - Feature Name)






12. A preference for a particular ratio of waist size to hip size in men and women. Men prefer 0.7 in women. Women prefer 0.9 in men.






13. A technique for preventing unintended actions by requiring verification of the actions before they are performed.






14. The act of measuring certain sensitive variable in a system can alter them - and confound the accuracy of the measurement.






15. A space that has territorial markers - opportunities for surveillance - and clear indications of activity and ownership.






16. A relationship between variables in a system where the consequences of an event are fed back in order to modify the event in the future.






17. It is often preferable to settle for a satisfactory solution - rather than pursue an optimal solution.






18. A process in which similar characteristics evolve independently in multiple systems.






19. Teh act of copying properties of familiar objects - organisms - or environments in order to realize specifice benefits afforded by those properties.






20. A technique that influences decision making and judgement by manipulating the way information is presented.






21. When participants realise the aim of the study and may change their behaviour to help or disrupt the study.






22. Successful products typically follow four stages of creation: requirements - design - development - and testing.






23. Elements that are connected by uniform visual properties - such as color - are perceived to be more related than elements that are not connected.






24. A relationship between controls and their movements or effects. When th effect corresponds to the expectation - the mapping is considered to be good or natural.






25. 1) Functionality 2) Reliability 3) Usability 4) Proficiency 5) Creativity. In order for design to be successful - it must meet ppl's basic need before it can attempt to satisfy higher- level needs.






26. Memory for recognizing things is better than memory for recalling things.






27. Given a choice between functionally equivalent designs - the simplest design should be selected.

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28. The use of simplified and incomplete models of a design to explore ideas - elaborate requirements - refine specifications - and test functionality.






29. A term used to describe a set of data - that when plotted - forms a symmetrical - bell- shaped curve.






30. An ability to detect threatening stimuli more efficiently than nonthreatening stimuli.






31. A phenomenon of visual processing in which certain line orientations are more quickly and easily processed and discriminated than other line orientations.






32. The tendency to perceive objects as unchanging - despite changes in sensory input. (such as perspective - lighting - color or size)






33. A technique of composition in which a medium is divided into thirds - creating aesthetic positions for the primary elements of a design.






34. Using more elements than is necessary to offset the effects of unknown variables which may cause a system failure.






35. A method of illustrating relationships and patterns in system behaviors by representing two or more system variables in a controlled way.






36. The distressing state of thought caused by recognizing an inconsistency between behavior/thought and value/belief.






37. A tendency to see objects and patterns as 3D when certain visual cues are present.






38. 1) Physiological 2) Safety 3) Love 4) Self-Esteem 5) Self-Actualization

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39. A technique of combining many units of information into a limited number of units or chunks - so that the information is easier to process and remember.






40. An activity will be pursued only if its benefits are equal to or greater than the costs. (ie. How much reading is too much to get the point of a message?)






41. A method of presentation in which information is presented in descending order of importance. (Critical information presented first).






42. Tendency to perceive a set of individual elements as a single - recogniable pattern - rather than multiple - individual elements.






43. Designs should help people avoid errors and minimize the negative consequences of errors when they do occur.






44. A property in which a form is made up of parts similar to the whole or to one another.






45. An attribute of an object that allows people to intuitively know how to use it






46. A tendency to interpret ambiguous images as simple and a complete unit - versus complex and incomplete. (Gestalt principle of perception).






47. A diagram that describes the general pattern followed by the eyes when looking at evenly distributed - homogeneous information.






48. The process of organizing information into related groupings in order to manage complexity and reinforce relationships in the information.






49. A technique used to modify behavior by reinforcing desired behaviors - and ignoring or punishing undesired behaviors.






50. The use of more elements than necessary to maintain the performance of a system in the event of failure of one or more of the elements.