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Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 80% of the effects generated by any large system are caused by 20% of the variables.






2. When participants realise the aim of the study and may change their behaviour to help or disrupt the study.






3. A phenomenon in which perception and behavior changes as a result of personal expectations or the expectations of others. (Halo effect - Hawthorne effect - Pygmalion effect - Placebo effect - Rosenthal effect - Demand characteristics.)






4. The relative ease with which a destination - idea - or concept may be reached.






5. A method of creating imagery - emotions - and understanding of events through an interaction between a storyteller and an audience.






6. Teachers treat students differently based on their expectations of how students will perform.






7. The deliberate use of a weak element that will fail in order to protect other elements in the system from damage.






8. Teh act of copying properties of familiar objects - organisms - or environments in order to realize specifice benefits afforded by those properties.






9. A technique that influences decision making and judgement by manipulating the way information is presented.






10. The use of pictorial images to improve the recognition and recall of signs and controls.






11. There are three ways to organize materials to support a load or to contain and protect something: Mass structures - frame structures - and shell structures.






12. The tendency to perceive objects as unchanging - despite changes in sensory input. (such as perspective - lighting - color or size)






13. A tendency to prefer environments with unobstructed views (prospects) and areas of concealment and retreat (refuges).






14. A method of presentation in which information is presented in descending order of importance. (Critical information presented first).






15. A process in which similar characteristics evolve independently in multiple systems.






16. The debgree to which prose can be understood - based on the complexity of words and sentences.






17. The act of measuring certain sensitive variable in a system can alter them - and confound the accuracy of the measurement.






18. There are five ways to organize information: Category - time - location - alphabet - and continuum.






19. Designs should help people avoid errors and minimize the negative consequences of errors when they do occur.






20. An attribute of an object that allows people to intuitively know how to use it






21. The visual clarity of text - generally based on the size - typeface - contrast - text block - and spacing of the characters used.






22. The time required to move to a target is a function of the target size and distance to the target.

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23. A phenomenon in which mental processing is made slower and less accurate by competing mental processes.






24. The designs that help people perform optimally are often not the same as the designs that people find most desirable.






25. The level of control provided by a system should be related to the proficiency and experience levels of the people using the system.






26. An activity will be pursued only if its benefits are equal to or greater than the costs. (ie. How much reading is too much to get the point of a message?)






27. A process of repeating a set of operation until a specific result is achieved.






28. Tendency to perceive a set of individual elements as a single - recogniable pattern - rather than multiple - individual elements.






29. A phenomenon of memory in which information that is analyzed deeply is better recalled than information that is analyzed superficially.






30. Given a choice between functionally equivalent designs - the simplest design should be selected.

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31. People tend to prefer savanna- like environments to other types of environments. Open areas - scattered trees - water - and uniform grassiness rather than other natural environments such as desert - jungle - and complex mtns.






32. A tendency to prefer faces in which the eyes - nose - lips and other features are close to the average of a population.






33. A relationship between variables in a system where the consequences of an event are fed back in order to modify the event in the future.






34. A technique used to teach a desired behavior by reinforcing increasingly accurate approximations of the behavior.






35. Elements perceived as either figures (objects of focus) or ground (the rest of the perceptual field)






36. Elements that are connected by uniform visual properties - such as color - are perceived to be more related than elements that are not connected.






37. A state of mental focus so intense that awareness of the 'real' world is lost - generally resulting in a feeling of joy and satisfaction.






38. A method of limiting the actions that can be performed on a system.






39. A technique for preventing unintended actions by requiring verification of the actions before they are performed.






40. As the flexiblity of a system increases - its usability decreases.






41. The use of simplified and incomplete models of a design to explore ideas - elaborate requirements - refine specifications - and test functionality.






42. Tendency to form an overall positive impression of a person on the basis of one positive characteristic






43. A property of visual equivalence among elements in a form.






44. The greater the effort to accomplish a task - the less likely the task will be accomplished successfully.






45. The process of organizing information into related groupings in order to manage complexity and reinforce relationships in the information.






46. A method of illustrating relationships and patterns in system behaviors by representing two or more system variables in a controlled way.






47. The tendency to see attractive people as more intelligent - competent - moral and sociable than unattractive people.






48. The usability of a system is improved when similar parts are expressed in similar ways.






49. A sequence of numbers in which each number is the sum of the preceding two.






50. Elements that are close together are percieved to be more related than elements that are farther apart.







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Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?


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