Test your basic knowledge |

Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A property of visual equivalence among elements in a form.






2. A state of mental focus so intense that awareness of the 'real' world is lost - generally resulting in a feeling of joy and satisfaction.






3. A phenomenon of memory in which items presented at the beginning and end of a list are more likely to be recalled than items in the middle of a list.






4. Designs should help people avoid errors and minimize the negative consequences of errors when they do occur.






5. Hierarchical organization is the simplest structure for visualizing and understanding complexity.






6. An original model on which something is patterned






7. A sequence of numbers in which each number is the sum of the preceding two.






8. A tendency to prefer faces in which the eyes - nose - lips and other features are close to the average of a population.






9. A tendency to see people and things iwth baby- faced features as more naive - helpless - and honest than those with mature features.






10. Tendency to perceive a set of individual elements as a single - recogniable pattern - rather than multiple - individual elements.






11. 80% of the effects generated by any large system are caused by 20% of the variables.






12. Beauty in design results from purity of function. Interpreted in 2 ways: A description of beauty or a prescription for beauty.






13. A technique of combining many units of information into a limited number of units or chunks - so that the information is easier to process and remember.






14. A technique of composition in which a medium is divided into thirds - creating aesthetic positions for the primary elements of a design.






15. A process in which similar characteristics evolve independently in multiple systems.






16. A Gestalt law of organization; elements arrange in a straight line or a smooth curve are perceived as a group - and are interpreted as being more related than elements not on the line or curve.






17. A ratio within the elements of a form - such as height to width - approximating 0.618.






18. The use of pictorial images to improve the recognition and recall of signs and controls.






19. Repeated exposure to stimuli for which people have neutral feelings will increase the likeability of the stimuli.






20. A diagram that describes the general pattern followed by the eyes when looking at evenly distributed - homogeneous information.






21. The process of organizing information into related groupings in order to manage complexity and reinforce relationships in the information.






22. A phenomenon of visual processing in which certain line orientations are more quickly and easily processed and discriminated than other line orientations.






23. Given a choice between functionally equivalent designs - the simplest design should be selected.

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24. Successful products typically follow four stages of creation: requirements - design - development - and testing.






25. An action or ommission of action yielding an unintended result.






26. The ratio of face to body in an image that influences the way the person in the image is perceived. (High = intelligent / Low = physical)






27. An attribute of an object that allows people to intuitively know how to use it






28. A technique used to asociate a stimulus with an unconscious physical or emotional response.






29. Elements that are similar are perceived to be more related than elements that are dissimilar.






30. A method of creating imagery - emotions - and understanding of events through an interaction between a storyteller and an audience.






31. A space that has territorial markers - opportunities for surveillance - and clear indications of activity and ownership.






32. The debgree to which prose can be understood - based on the complexity of words and sentences.






33. The process of using spatial and environmental information to navigate to a destination.






34. An ability to detect threatening stimuli more efficiently than nonthreatening stimuli.






35. An activity will be pursued only if its benefits are equal to or greater than the costs. (ie. How much reading is too much to get the point of a message?)






36. The tendency to perceive objects as unchanging - despite changes in sensory input. (such as perspective - lighting - color or size)






37. A technique for preventing unintended actions by requiring verification of the actions before they are performed.






38. The tendency for people to behave differently when they know they are being studied






39. A technique used to modify behavior by reinforcing desired behaviors - and ignoring or punishing undesired behaviors.






40. The time required to move to a target is a function of the target size and distance to the target.

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41. It is often preferable to settle for a satisfactory solution - rather than pursue an optimal solution.






42. A tendency to assume that a system that works at one scale will also work at a smaller or larger scale. (2 kinds: Load assumptions and Interaction assumptions)






43. A phenomenon of memory in which information that is analyzed deeply is better recalled than information that is analyzed superficially.






44. The use of more elements than necessary to maintain the performance of a system in the event of failure of one or more of the elements.






45. A strategy for managing information complexity in which only necessary or requested information is displayed at any given time.






46. The tendency to see attractive people as more intelligent - competent - moral and sociable than unattractive people.






47. A tendency to interpret ambiguous images as simple and a complete unit - versus complex and incomplete. (Gestalt principle of perception).






48. A technique that influences decision making and judgement by manipulating the way information is presented.






49. A property in which a form is made up of parts similar to the whole or to one another.






50. The level of control provided by a system should be related to the proficiency and experience levels of the people using the system.