Test your basic knowledge |

Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The tendency to see attractive people as more intelligent - competent - moral and sociable than unattractive people.






2. Tendency to form an overall positive impression of a person on the basis of one positive characteristic






3. A technique of combining many units of information into a limited number of units or chunks - so that the information is easier to process and remember.






4. The debgree to which prose can be understood - based on the complexity of words and sentences.






5. A technique used to teach a desired behavior by reinforcing increasingly accurate approximations of the behavior.






6. Beauty in design results from purity of function. Interpreted in 2 ways: A description of beauty or a prescription for beauty.






7. Elements that are similar are perceived to be more related than elements that are dissimilar.






8. The ratio of face to body in an image that influences the way the person in the image is perceived. (High = intelligent / Low = physical)






9. The act of measuring certain sensitive variable in a system can alter them - and confound the accuracy of the measurement.






10. Repeated exposure to stimuli for which people have neutral feelings will increase the likeability of the stimuli.






11. The time it takes to make a decision increases as the number of alternatives increases.

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12. A state of mental focus so intense that awareness of the 'real' world is lost - generally resulting in a feeling of joy and satisfaction.






13. The process of using spatial and environmental information to navigate to a destination.






14. The distressing state of thought caused by recognizing an inconsistency between behavior/thought and value/belief.






15. Elements perceived as either figures (objects of focus) or ground (the rest of the perceptual field)






16. Using more elements than is necessary to offset the effects of unknown variables which may cause a system failure.






17. All products progress sequentially through four stages of existence: introduction - growth - maturity - and decline.






18. A phenomenon of memory in which information that is analyzed deeply is better recalled than information that is analyzed superficially.






19. Memory for recognizing things is better than memory for recalling things.






20. A ratio within the elements of a form - such as height to width - approximating 0.618.






21. Designs should help people avoid errors and minimize the negative consequences of errors when they do occur.






22. A relationship between controls and their movements or effects. When th effect corresponds to the expectation - the mapping is considered to be good or natural.






23. A Gestalt law of organization; elements arrange in a straight line or a smooth curve are perceived as a group - and are interpreted as being more related than elements not on the line or curve.






24. Pictures are remembered better than words.






25. A term used to describe a set of data - that when plotted - forms a symmetrical - bell- shaped curve.






26. The quality of system output is dependent on the quality of system input.






27. The usability of a system is improved when its status and methods of use are clearly visible.






28. The tendency for people to perform better or worse based on the expectations of another.






29. There are three ways to organize materials to support a load or to contain and protect something: Mass structures - frame structures - and shell structures.






30. A property in which a form is made up of parts similar to the whole or to one another.






31. As the flexiblity of a system increases - its usability decreases.






32. An activity will be pursued only if its benefits are equal to or greater than the costs. (ie. How much reading is too much to get the point of a message?)






33. Elements that are close together are percieved to be more related than elements that are farther apart.






34. A strategy for managing information complexity in which only necessary or requested information is displayed at any given time.






35. Patients experience treatment effects based on their belief that a treatment will work.






36. Tendency to perceive a set of individual elements as a single - recogniable pattern - rather than multiple - individual elements.






37. A point of physical or attentional entry into a design. (Minimal Barriers - Points of Prospect - Progressive Lures)






38. 1) Physiological 2) Safety 3) Love 4) Self-Esteem 5) Self-Actualization

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39. A tendency to see objects and patterns as 3D when certain visual cues are present.






40. A tendency to see people and things iwth baby- faced features as more naive - helpless - and honest than those with mature features.






41. There are five ways to organize information: Category - time - location - alphabet - and continuum.






42. Adjusting parts of a device in relation to each other to create a sense of unity and cohesion.






43. A method of illustrating relationships and patterns in system behaviors by representing two or more system variables in a controlled way.






44. A relationship between variables in a system where the consequences of an event are fed back in order to modify the event in the future.






45. 80% of the effects generated by any large system are caused by 20% of the variables.






46. Teh act of copying properties of familiar objects - organisms - or environments in order to realize specifice benefits afforded by those properties.






47. A tendency to interpret ambiguous images as simple and a complete unit - versus complex and incomplete. (Gestalt principle of perception).






48. The greater the effort to accomplish a task - the less likely the task will be accomplished successfully.






49. The visual clarity of text - generally based on the size - typeface - contrast - text block - and spacing of the characters used.






50. A method of managing system complexity that involves dividing large systems into multiple - smaller self- contained systems.