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Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The ratio of relevant to irrelevant information in a display. The highest possible signal- to- noise ratio is desirable in design.






2. Memory for recognizing things is better than memory for recalling things.






3. An action or ommission of action yielding an unintended result.






4. A tendency to interpret shaded or dark areas of an object as shadows resulting from a light source above the object.






5. The greater the effort to accomplish a task - the less likely the task will be accomplished successfully.






6. The tendency to perceive objects as unchanging - despite changes in sensory input. (such as perspective - lighting - color or size)






7. A Gestalt law of organization; elements arrange in a straight line or a smooth curve are perceived as a group - and are interpreted as being more related than elements not on the line or curve.






8. An ability to detect threatening stimuli more efficiently than nonthreatening stimuli.






9. A state of mental focus so intense that awareness of the 'real' world is lost - generally resulting in a feeling of joy and satisfaction.






10. Teh act of copying properties of familiar objects - organisms - or environments in order to realize specifice benefits afforded by those properties.






11. People understand and interact with systems and environments based on mental representations developed from experience.






12. 1) Physiological 2) Safety 3) Love 4) Self-Esteem 5) Self-Actualization

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13. The visual clarity of text - generally based on the size - typeface - contrast - text block - and spacing of the characters used.






14. Teachers treat students differently based on their expectations of how students will perform.






15. The process of using spatial and environmental information to navigate to a destination.






16. The tendency for people to perform better or worse based on the expectations of another.






17. The use of simplified and incomplete models of a design to explore ideas - elaborate requirements - refine specifications - and test functionality.






18. 1) Functionality 2) Reliability 3) Usability 4) Proficiency 5) Creativity. In order for design to be successful - it must meet ppl's basic need before it can attempt to satisfy higher- level needs.






19. A phenomenon of memory in which information that is analyzed deeply is better recalled than information that is analyzed superficially.






20. A Gestalt principle of organization holding that aspects of perceptual field that move or function in a similar manner will be perceived as a unit






21. A method of presentation in which information is presented in descending order of importance. (Critical information presented first).






22. The ratio of face to body in an image that influences the way the person in the image is perceived. (High = intelligent / Low = physical)






23. A relationship between controls and their movements or effects. When th effect corresponds to the expectation - the mapping is considered to be good or natural.






24. A technique for bringing attention to an area of text or image.






25. A method of reorganizing information to make the information simpler - more meaningful and easier to remember. (ie. First Letter - Keyword - Rhyme - Feature Name)






26. A process of repeating a set of operation until a specific result is achieved.






27. A property in which a form is made up of parts similar to the whole or to one another.






28. Elements that are close together are percieved to be more related than elements that are farther apart.






29. The distressing state of thought caused by recognizing an inconsistency between behavior/thought and value/belief.






30. The designs that help people perform optimally are often not the same as the designs that people find most desirable.






31. Tendency to form an overall positive impression of a person on the basis of one positive characteristic






32. There are three ways to organize materials to support a load or to contain and protect something: Mass structures - frame structures - and shell structures.






33. A sequence of numbers in which each number is the sum of the preceding two.






34. A process in which similar characteristics evolve independently in multiple systems.






35. A tendency to see objects and patterns as 3D when certain visual cues are present.






36. A tendency to prefer faces in which the eyes - nose - lips and other features are close to the average of a population.






37. The time required to move to a target is a function of the target size and distance to the target.

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38. A tendency to interpret ambiguous images as simple and a complete unit - versus complex and incomplete. (Gestalt principle of perception).






39. The use of pictorial images to improve the recognition and recall of signs and controls.






40. A term used to describe a set of data - that when plotted - forms a symmetrical - bell- shaped curve.






41. A tendency to see people and things iwth baby- faced features as more naive - helpless - and honest than those with mature features.






42. A space that has territorial markers - opportunities for surveillance - and clear indications of activity and ownership.






43. A method of limiting the actions that can be performed on a system.






44. A method of managing system complexity that involves dividing large systems into multiple - smaller self- contained systems.






45. A property of visual equivalence among elements in a form.






46. A tendency to assume that a system that works at one scale will also work at a smaller or larger scale. (2 kinds: Load assumptions and Interaction assumptions)






47. A technique of combining many units of information into a limited number of units or chunks - so that the information is easier to process and remember.






48. A technique that influences decision making and judgement by manipulating the way information is presented.






49. There are five ways to organize information: Category - time - location - alphabet - and continuum.






50. A strategy for managing information complexity in which only necessary or requested information is displayed at any given time.







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