Test your basic knowledge |

Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The greater the effort to accomplish a task - the less likely the task will be accomplished successfully.






2. A phenomenon of visual processing in which certain line orientations are more quickly and easily processed and discriminated than other line orientations.






3. A Gestalt principle of organization holding that aspects of perceptual field that move or function in a similar manner will be perceived as a unit






4. A technique for bringing attention to an area of text or image.






5. The tendency to see attractive people as more intelligent - competent - moral and sociable than unattractive people.






6. When participants realise the aim of the study and may change their behaviour to help or disrupt the study.






7. A preference for a particular ratio of waist size to hip size in men and women. Men prefer 0.7 in women. Women prefer 0.9 in men.






8. Elements that are similar are perceived to be more related than elements that are dissimilar.






9. The process of using spatial and environmental information to navigate to a destination.






10. The tendency to perceive objects as unchanging - despite changes in sensory input. (such as perspective - lighting - color or size)






11. A sequence of numbers in which each number is the sum of the preceding two.






12. As the flexiblity of a system increases - its usability decreases.






13. Patients experience treatment effects based on their belief that a treatment will work.






14. A method of limiting the actions that can be performed on a system.






15. The tendency for people to behave differently when they know they are being studied






16. The distressing state of thought caused by recognizing an inconsistency between behavior/thought and value/belief.






17. Elements that are close together are percieved to be more related than elements that are farther apart.






18. A tendency to interpret shaded or dark areas of an object as shadows resulting from a light source above the object.






19. A property in which a form is made up of parts similar to the whole or to one another.






20. A tendency to assume that a system that works at one scale will also work at a smaller or larger scale. (2 kinds: Load assumptions and Interaction assumptions)






21. The deliberate use of a weak element that will fail in order to protect other elements in the system from damage.






22. An action or ommission of action yielding an unintended result.






23. A process in which similar characteristics evolve independently in multiple systems.






24. An activity will be pursued only if its benefits are equal to or greater than the costs. (ie. How much reading is too much to get the point of a message?)






25. A phenomenon of memory in which items presented at the beginning and end of a list are more likely to be recalled than items in the middle of a list.






26. A relationship between variables in a system where the consequences of an event are fed back in order to modify the event in the future.






27. A tendency to interpret ambiguous images as simple and a complete unit - versus complex and incomplete. (Gestalt principle of perception).






28. A tendency to prefer environments with unobstructed views (prospects) and areas of concealment and retreat (refuges).






29. The level of control provided by a system should be related to the proficiency and experience levels of the people using the system.






30. Elements that are connected by uniform visual properties - such as color - are perceived to be more related than elements that are not connected.






31. A method of creating imagery - emotions - and understanding of events through an interaction between a storyteller and an audience.






32. The act of measuring certain sensitive variable in a system can alter them - and confound the accuracy of the measurement.






33. A technique used to modify behavior by reinforcing desired behaviors - and ignoring or punishing undesired behaviors.






34. A technique of combining many units of information into a limited number of units or chunks - so that the information is easier to process and remember.






35. A Gestalt law of organization; elements arrange in a straight line or a smooth curve are perceived as a group - and are interpreted as being more related than elements not on the line or curve.






36. A strategy for managing information complexity in which only necessary or requested information is displayed at any given time.






37. The use of more elements than necessary to maintain the performance of a system in the event of failure of one or more of the elements.






38. A technique used to asociate a stimulus with an unconscious physical or emotional response.






39. It is often preferable to settle for a satisfactory solution - rather than pursue an optimal solution.






40. Successful products typically follow four stages of creation: requirements - design - development - and testing.






41. A property of visual equivalence among elements in a form.






42. The use of simplified and incomplete models of a design to explore ideas - elaborate requirements - refine specifications - and test functionality.






43. A method of managing system complexity that involves dividing large systems into multiple - smaller self- contained systems.






44. The debgree to which prose can be understood - based on the complexity of words and sentences.






45. A term used to describe a set of data - that when plotted - forms a symmetrical - bell- shaped curve.






46. Using more elements than is necessary to offset the effects of unknown variables which may cause a system failure.






47. The time it takes to make a decision increases as the number of alternatives increases.

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48. Teachers treat students differently based on their expectations of how students will perform.






49. People understand and interact with systems and environments based on mental representations developed from experience.






50. There are three ways to organize materials to support a load or to contain and protect something: Mass structures - frame structures - and shell structures.