Test your basic knowledge |

Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An ability to detect threatening stimuli more efficiently than nonthreatening stimuli.






2. A method of illustrating relationships and patterns in system behaviors by representing two or more system variables in a controlled way.






3. All products progress sequentially through four stages of existence: introduction - growth - maturity - and decline.






4. A relationship between variables in a system where the consequences of an event are fed back in order to modify the event in the future.






5. A property of visual equivalence among elements in a form.






6. There are three ways to organize materials to support a load or to contain and protect something: Mass structures - frame structures - and shell structures.






7. The quality of system output is dependent on the quality of system input.






8. Teachers treat students differently based on their expectations of how students will perform.






9. The tendency to see attractive people as more intelligent - competent - moral and sociable than unattractive people.






10. A term used to describe a set of data - that when plotted - forms a symmetrical - bell- shaped curve.






11. The tendency to perceive objects as unchanging - despite changes in sensory input. (such as perspective - lighting - color or size)






12. Repeated exposure to stimuli for which people have neutral feelings will increase the likeability of the stimuli.






13. The level of control provided by a system should be related to the proficiency and experience levels of the people using the system.






14. A method of presentation in which information is presented in descending order of importance. (Critical information presented first).






15. Hierarchical organization is the simplest structure for visualizing and understanding complexity.






16. A tendency to see people and things iwth baby- faced features as more naive - helpless - and honest than those with mature features.






17. A Gestalt principle of organization holding that aspects of perceptual field that move or function in a similar manner will be perceived as a unit






18. A phenomenon of memory in which noticeably different things are more likely to be recalled that common things. (AKA Isolation/Novelty Effect)






19. Designs should help people avoid errors and minimize the negative consequences of errors when they do occur.






20. An action or ommission of action yielding an unintended result.






21. A preference for a particular ratio of waist size to hip size in men and women. Men prefer 0.7 in women. Women prefer 0.9 in men.






22. People tend to prefer savanna- like environments to other types of environments. Open areas - scattered trees - water - and uniform grassiness rather than other natural environments such as desert - jungle - and complex mtns.






23. A phenomenon in which perception and behavior changes as a result of personal expectations or the expectations of others. (Halo effect - Hawthorne effect - Pygmalion effect - Placebo effect - Rosenthal effect - Demand characteristics.)






24. The use of pictorial images to improve the recognition and recall of signs and controls.






25. A technique that influences decision making and judgement by manipulating the way information is presented.






26. A property in which a form is made up of parts similar to the whole or to one another.






27. Memory for recognizing things is better than memory for recalling things.






28. Elements that are connected by uniform visual properties - such as color - are perceived to be more related than elements that are not connected.






29. Elements that are close together are percieved to be more related than elements that are farther apart.






30. A process of repeating a set of operation until a specific result is achieved.






31. A phenomenon of memory in which items presented at the beginning and end of a list are more likely to be recalled than items in the middle of a list.






32. The usability of a system is improved when similar parts are expressed in similar ways.






33. The tendency for people to perform better or worse based on the expectations of another.






34. The distressing state of thought caused by recognizing an inconsistency between behavior/thought and value/belief.






35. A relationship between controls and their movements or effects. When th effect corresponds to the expectation - the mapping is considered to be good or natural.






36. The time required to move to a target is a function of the target size and distance to the target.

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37. The greater the effort to accomplish a task - the less likely the task will be accomplished successfully.






38. Beauty in design results from purity of function. Interpreted in 2 ways: A description of beauty or a prescription for beauty.






39. Adjusting parts of a device in relation to each other to create a sense of unity and cohesion.






40. A phenomenon of memory in which information that is analyzed deeply is better recalled than information that is analyzed superficially.






41. The time it takes to make a decision increases as the number of alternatives increases.

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42. A method of creating imagery - emotions - and understanding of events through an interaction between a storyteller and an audience.






43. A Gestalt law of organization; elements arrange in a straight line or a smooth curve are perceived as a group - and are interpreted as being more related than elements not on the line or curve.






44. A state of mental focus so intense that awareness of the 'real' world is lost - generally resulting in a feeling of joy and satisfaction.






45. A technique of composition in which a medium is divided into thirds - creating aesthetic positions for the primary elements of a design.






46. An original model on which something is patterned






47. The process of using spatial and environmental information to navigate to a destination.






48. A technique for preventing unintended actions by requiring verification of the actions before they are performed.






49. Tendency to perceive a set of individual elements as a single - recogniable pattern - rather than multiple - individual elements.






50. Pictures are remembered better than words.