Test your basic knowledge |

Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. There are five ways to organize information: Category - time - location - alphabet - and continuum.






2. The designs that help people perform optimally are often not the same as the designs that people find most desirable.






3. Elements that are connected by uniform visual properties - such as color - are perceived to be more related than elements that are not connected.






4. The act of measuring certain sensitive variable in a system can alter them - and confound the accuracy of the measurement.






5. The debgree to which prose can be understood - based on the complexity of words and sentences.






6. 1) Physiological 2) Safety 3) Love 4) Self-Esteem 5) Self-Actualization

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7. A term used to describe a set of data - that when plotted - forms a symmetrical - bell- shaped curve.






8. A sequence of numbers in which each number is the sum of the preceding two.






9. A tendency to prefer environments with unobstructed views (prospects) and areas of concealment and retreat (refuges).






10. 1) Functionality 2) Reliability 3) Usability 4) Proficiency 5) Creativity. In order for design to be successful - it must meet ppl's basic need before it can attempt to satisfy higher- level needs.






11. A method of limiting the actions that can be performed on a system.






12. Hierarchical organization is the simplest structure for visualizing and understanding complexity.






13. Patients experience treatment effects based on their belief that a treatment will work.






14. The use of more elements than necessary to maintain the performance of a system in the event of failure of one or more of the elements.






15. The level of control provided by a system should be related to the proficiency and experience levels of the people using the system.






16. An attribute of an object that allows people to intuitively know how to use it






17. Using more elements than is necessary to offset the effects of unknown variables which may cause a system failure.






18. A property of visual equivalence among elements in a form.






19. It is often preferable to settle for a satisfactory solution - rather than pursue an optimal solution.






20. A phenomenon in which mental processing is made slower and less accurate by competing mental processes.






21. The process of organizing information into related groupings in order to manage complexity and reinforce relationships in the information.






22. There are three ways to organize materials to support a load or to contain and protect something: Mass structures - frame structures - and shell structures.






23. A ratio within the elements of a form - such as height to width - approximating 0.618.






24. A method of presentation in which information is presented in descending order of importance. (Critical information presented first).






25. The tendency to see attractive people as more intelligent - competent - moral and sociable than unattractive people.






26. A state of mental focus so intense that awareness of the 'real' world is lost - generally resulting in a feeling of joy and satisfaction.






27. Tendency to perceive a set of individual elements as a single - recogniable pattern - rather than multiple - individual elements.






28. A tendency to see objects and patterns as 3D when certain visual cues are present.






29. A method of creating imagery - emotions - and understanding of events through an interaction between a storyteller and an audience.






30. The ratio of relevant to irrelevant information in a display. The highest possible signal- to- noise ratio is desirable in design.






31. A technique for preventing unintended actions by requiring verification of the actions before they are performed.






32. When participants realise the aim of the study and may change their behaviour to help or disrupt the study.






33. Teachers treat students differently based on their expectations of how students will perform.






34. A technique used to teach a desired behavior by reinforcing increasingly accurate approximations of the behavior.






35. An ability to detect threatening stimuli more efficiently than nonthreatening stimuli.






36. A tendency to interpret shaded or dark areas of an object as shadows resulting from a light source above the object.






37. The use of pictorial images to improve the recognition and recall of signs and controls.






38. A tendency to interpret ambiguous images as simple and a complete unit - versus complex and incomplete. (Gestalt principle of perception).






39. A property in which a form is made up of parts similar to the whole or to one another.






40. People tend to prefer savanna- like environments to other types of environments. Open areas - scattered trees - water - and uniform grassiness rather than other natural environments such as desert - jungle - and complex mtns.






41. The deliberate use of a weak element that will fail in order to protect other elements in the system from damage.






42. A method of illustrating relationships and patterns in system behaviors by representing two or more system variables in a controlled way.






43. Elements that are similar are perceived to be more related than elements that are dissimilar.






44. A space that has territorial markers - opportunities for surveillance - and clear indications of activity and ownership.






45. The tendency for people to behave differently when they know they are being studied






46. Memory for recognizing things is better than memory for recalling things.






47. A Gestalt law of organization; elements arrange in a straight line or a smooth curve are perceived as a group - and are interpreted as being more related than elements not on the line or curve.






48. A process in which similar characteristics evolve independently in multiple systems.






49. Successful products typically follow four stages of creation: requirements - design - development - and testing.






50. A point of physical or attentional entry into a design. (Minimal Barriers - Points of Prospect - Progressive Lures)