Test your basic knowledge |

Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A sequence of numbers in which each number is the sum of the preceding two.






2. 80% of the effects generated by any large system are caused by 20% of the variables.






3. A term used to describe a set of data - that when plotted - forms a symmetrical - bell- shaped curve.






4. Elements that are similar are perceived to be more related than elements that are dissimilar.






5. A tendency to interpret shaded or dark areas of an object as shadows resulting from a light source above the object.






6. People understand and interact with systems and environments based on mental representations developed from experience.






7. A strategy for managing information complexity in which only necessary or requested information is displayed at any given time.






8. A tendency to see objects and patterns as 3D when certain visual cues are present.






9. The usability of a system is improved when similar parts are expressed in similar ways.






10. The time it takes to make a decision increases as the number of alternatives increases.

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11. A phenomenon of visual processing in which certain line orientations are more quickly and easily processed and discriminated than other line orientations.






12. An ability to detect threatening stimuli more efficiently than nonthreatening stimuli.






13. A technique of combining many units of information into a limited number of units or chunks - so that the information is easier to process and remember.






14. A phenomenon of memory in which information that is analyzed deeply is better recalled than information that is analyzed superficially.






15. A space that has territorial markers - opportunities for surveillance - and clear indications of activity and ownership.






16. A technique used to modify behavior by reinforcing desired behaviors - and ignoring or punishing undesired behaviors.






17. A technique used to asociate a stimulus with an unconscious physical or emotional response.






18. Hierarchical organization is the simplest structure for visualizing and understanding complexity.






19. A property of visual equivalence among elements in a form.






20. A phenomenon in which perception and behavior changes as a result of personal expectations or the expectations of others. (Halo effect - Hawthorne effect - Pygmalion effect - Placebo effect - Rosenthal effect - Demand characteristics.)






21. People tend to prefer savanna- like environments to other types of environments. Open areas - scattered trees - water - and uniform grassiness rather than other natural environments such as desert - jungle - and complex mtns.






22. Using more elements than is necessary to offset the effects of unknown variables which may cause a system failure.






23. There are three ways to organize materials to support a load or to contain and protect something: Mass structures - frame structures - and shell structures.






24. The distressing state of thought caused by recognizing an inconsistency between behavior/thought and value/belief.






25. Successful products typically follow four stages of creation: requirements - design - development - and testing.






26. A preference for a particular ratio of waist size to hip size in men and women. Men prefer 0.7 in women. Women prefer 0.9 in men.






27. An attribute of an object that allows people to intuitively know how to use it






28. Beauty in design results from purity of function. Interpreted in 2 ways: A description of beauty or a prescription for beauty.






29. A method of managing system complexity that involves dividing large systems into multiple - smaller self- contained systems.






30. Repeated exposure to stimuli for which people have neutral feelings will increase the likeability of the stimuli.






31. A method of creating imagery - emotions - and understanding of events through an interaction between a storyteller and an audience.






32. The relative ease with which a destination - idea - or concept may be reached.






33. The tendency to see attractive people as more intelligent - competent - moral and sociable than unattractive people.






34. It is often preferable to settle for a satisfactory solution - rather than pursue an optimal solution.






35. Adjusting parts of a device in relation to each other to create a sense of unity and cohesion.






36. A tendency to prefer environments with unobstructed views (prospects) and areas of concealment and retreat (refuges).






37. Tendency to perceive a set of individual elements as a single - recogniable pattern - rather than multiple - individual elements.






38. A tendency to interpret ambiguous images as simple and a complete unit - versus complex and incomplete. (Gestalt principle of perception).






39. There are five ways to organize information: Category - time - location - alphabet - and continuum.






40. The quality of system output is dependent on the quality of system input.






41. A method of illustrating relationships and patterns in system behaviors by representing two or more system variables in a controlled way.






42. Patients experience treatment effects based on their belief that a treatment will work.






43. The use of simplified and incomplete models of a design to explore ideas - elaborate requirements - refine specifications - and test functionality.






44. 1) Functionality 2) Reliability 3) Usability 4) Proficiency 5) Creativity. In order for design to be successful - it must meet ppl's basic need before it can attempt to satisfy higher- level needs.






45. The process of organizing information into related groupings in order to manage complexity and reinforce relationships in the information.






46. A diagram that describes the general pattern followed by the eyes when looking at evenly distributed - homogeneous information.






47. The tendency for people to perform better or worse based on the expectations of another.






48. Memory for recognizing things is better than memory for recalling things.






49. The debgree to which prose can be understood - based on the complexity of words and sentences.






50. A method of presentation in which information is presented in descending order of importance. (Critical information presented first).