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Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A method of limiting the actions that can be performed on a system.






2. Designs should help people avoid errors and minimize the negative consequences of errors when they do occur.






3. A phenomenon of memory in which noticeably different things are more likely to be recalled that common things. (AKA Isolation/Novelty Effect)






4. An action or ommission of action yielding an unintended result.






5. A process of repeating a set of operation until a specific result is achieved.






6. The time it takes to make a decision increases as the number of alternatives increases.

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7. A method of managing system complexity that involves dividing large systems into multiple - smaller self- contained systems.






8. A technique of combining many units of information into a limited number of units or chunks - so that the information is easier to process and remember.






9. The ratio of relevant to irrelevant information in a display. The highest possible signal- to- noise ratio is desirable in design.






10. The use of pictorial images to improve the recognition and recall of signs and controls.






11. A tendency to interpret shaded or dark areas of an object as shadows resulting from a light source above the object.






12. People understand and interact with systems and environments based on mental representations developed from experience.






13. Patients experience treatment effects based on their belief that a treatment will work.






14. The usability of a system is improved when its status and methods of use are clearly visible.






15. The tendency for people to behave differently when they know they are being studied






16. A sequence of numbers in which each number is the sum of the preceding two.






17. The quality of system output is dependent on the quality of system input.






18. The usability of a system is improved when similar parts are expressed in similar ways.






19. The relative ease with which a destination - idea - or concept may be reached.






20. A tendency to assume that a system that works at one scale will also work at a smaller or larger scale. (2 kinds: Load assumptions and Interaction assumptions)






21. The distressing state of thought caused by recognizing an inconsistency between behavior/thought and value/belief.






22. Teh act of copying properties of familiar objects - organisms - or environments in order to realize specifice benefits afforded by those properties.






23. It is often preferable to settle for a satisfactory solution - rather than pursue an optimal solution.






24. Elements that are connected by uniform visual properties - such as color - are perceived to be more related than elements that are not connected.






25. A tendency to see objects and patterns as 3D when certain visual cues are present.






26. The level of control provided by a system should be related to the proficiency and experience levels of the people using the system.






27. A property in which a form is made up of parts similar to the whole or to one another.






28. Elements perceived as either figures (objects of focus) or ground (the rest of the perceptual field)






29. A phenomenon in which mental processing is made slower and less accurate by competing mental processes.






30. A process in which similar characteristics evolve independently in multiple systems.






31. Successful products typically follow four stages of creation: requirements - design - development - and testing.






32. A tendency to prefer faces in which the eyes - nose - lips and other features are close to the average of a population.






33. Tendency to form an overall positive impression of a person on the basis of one positive characteristic






34. Hierarchical organization is the simplest structure for visualizing and understanding complexity.






35. A technique for preventing unintended actions by requiring verification of the actions before they are performed.






36. Teachers treat students differently based on their expectations of how students will perform.






37. 1) Physiological 2) Safety 3) Love 4) Self-Esteem 5) Self-Actualization

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38. A point of physical or attentional entry into a design. (Minimal Barriers - Points of Prospect - Progressive Lures)






39. An ability to detect threatening stimuli more efficiently than nonthreatening stimuli.






40. A relationship between controls and their movements or effects. When th effect corresponds to the expectation - the mapping is considered to be good or natural.






41. The greater the effort to accomplish a task - the less likely the task will be accomplished successfully.






42. An original model on which something is patterned






43. A Gestalt principle of organization holding that aspects of perceptual field that move or function in a similar manner will be perceived as a unit






44. Using more elements than is necessary to offset the effects of unknown variables which may cause a system failure.






45. Adjusting parts of a device in relation to each other to create a sense of unity and cohesion.






46. The designs that help people perform optimally are often not the same as the designs that people find most desirable.






47. A technique used to modify behavior by reinforcing desired behaviors - and ignoring or punishing undesired behaviors.






48. A relationship between variables in a system where the consequences of an event are fed back in order to modify the event in the future.






49. A term used to describe a set of data - that when plotted - forms a symmetrical - bell- shaped curve.






50. The visual clarity of text - generally based on the size - typeface - contrast - text block - and spacing of the characters used.







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