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Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Tendency to form an overall positive impression of a person on the basis of one positive characteristic






2. Teachers treat students differently based on their expectations of how students will perform.






3. A method of reorganizing information to make the information simpler - more meaningful and easier to remember. (ie. First Letter - Keyword - Rhyme - Feature Name)






4. The tendency to perceive objects as unchanging - despite changes in sensory input. (such as perspective - lighting - color or size)






5. An attribute of an object that allows people to intuitively know how to use it






6. A tendency to assume that a system that works at one scale will also work at a smaller or larger scale. (2 kinds: Load assumptions and Interaction assumptions)






7. A preference for a particular ratio of waist size to hip size in men and women. Men prefer 0.7 in women. Women prefer 0.9 in men.






8. Elements that are similar are perceived to be more related than elements that are dissimilar.






9. A relationship between controls and their movements or effects. When th effect corresponds to the expectation - the mapping is considered to be good or natural.






10. There are five ways to organize information: Category - time - location - alphabet - and continuum.






11. A tendency to see objects and patterns as 3D when certain visual cues are present.






12. People understand and interact with systems and environments based on mental representations developed from experience.






13. A Gestalt principle of organization holding that aspects of perceptual field that move or function in a similar manner will be perceived as a unit






14. Beauty in design results from purity of function. Interpreted in 2 ways: A description of beauty or a prescription for beauty.






15. Elements that are close together are percieved to be more related than elements that are farther apart.






16. A sequence of numbers in which each number is the sum of the preceding two.






17. The ratio of face to body in an image that influences the way the person in the image is perceived. (High = intelligent / Low = physical)






18. Patients experience treatment effects based on their belief that a treatment will work.






19. 1) Functionality 2) Reliability 3) Usability 4) Proficiency 5) Creativity. In order for design to be successful - it must meet ppl's basic need before it can attempt to satisfy higher- level needs.






20. A tendency to prefer environments with unobstructed views (prospects) and areas of concealment and retreat (refuges).






21. A strategy for managing information complexity in which only necessary or requested information is displayed at any given time.






22. There are three ways to organize materials to support a load or to contain and protect something: Mass structures - frame structures - and shell structures.






23. A diagram that describes the general pattern followed by the eyes when looking at evenly distributed - homogeneous information.






24. The deliberate use of a weak element that will fail in order to protect other elements in the system from damage.






25. The visual clarity of text - generally based on the size - typeface - contrast - text block - and spacing of the characters used.






26. The level of control provided by a system should be related to the proficiency and experience levels of the people using the system.






27. A technique used to teach a desired behavior by reinforcing increasingly accurate approximations of the behavior.






28. A technique used to asociate a stimulus with an unconscious physical or emotional response.






29. Teh act of copying properties of familiar objects - organisms - or environments in order to realize specifice benefits afforded by those properties.






30. 1) Physiological 2) Safety 3) Love 4) Self-Esteem 5) Self-Actualization

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31. The time it takes to make a decision increases as the number of alternatives increases.

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32. Using more elements than is necessary to offset the effects of unknown variables which may cause a system failure.






33. A method of limiting the actions that can be performed on a system.






34. Elements that are connected by uniform visual properties - such as color - are perceived to be more related than elements that are not connected.






35. A space that has territorial markers - opportunities for surveillance - and clear indications of activity and ownership.






36. A process in which similar characteristics evolve independently in multiple systems.






37. The usability of a system is improved when similar parts are expressed in similar ways.






38. A method of managing system complexity that involves dividing large systems into multiple - smaller self- contained systems.






39. The use of simplified and incomplete models of a design to explore ideas - elaborate requirements - refine specifications - and test functionality.






40. The usability of a system is improved when its status and methods of use are clearly visible.






41. The quality of system output is dependent on the quality of system input.






42. A tendency to interpret shaded or dark areas of an object as shadows resulting from a light source above the object.






43. A phenomenon of memory in which items presented at the beginning and end of a list are more likely to be recalled than items in the middle of a list.






44. A method of presentation in which information is presented in descending order of importance. (Critical information presented first).






45. A technique of composition in which a medium is divided into thirds - creating aesthetic positions for the primary elements of a design.






46. A property of visual equivalence among elements in a form.






47. Repeated exposure to stimuli for which people have neutral feelings will increase the likeability of the stimuli.






48. The process of organizing information into related groupings in order to manage complexity and reinforce relationships in the information.






49. People tend to prefer savanna- like environments to other types of environments. Open areas - scattered trees - water - and uniform grassiness rather than other natural environments such as desert - jungle - and complex mtns.






50. A tendency to see people and things iwth baby- faced features as more naive - helpless - and honest than those with mature features.







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