Test your basic knowledge |

Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The distressing state of thought caused by recognizing an inconsistency between behavior/thought and value/belief.






2. An ability to detect threatening stimuli more efficiently than nonthreatening stimuli.






3. Using more elements than is necessary to offset the effects of unknown variables which may cause a system failure.






4. When participants realise the aim of the study and may change their behaviour to help or disrupt the study.






5. The use of simplified and incomplete models of a design to explore ideas - elaborate requirements - refine specifications - and test functionality.






6. The debgree to which prose can be understood - based on the complexity of words and sentences.






7. As the flexiblity of a system increases - its usability decreases.






8. The time it takes to make a decision increases as the number of alternatives increases.

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9. A term used to describe a set of data - that when plotted - forms a symmetrical - bell- shaped curve.






10. The level of control provided by a system should be related to the proficiency and experience levels of the people using the system.






11. The quality of system output is dependent on the quality of system input.






12. A phenomenon of memory in which noticeably different things are more likely to be recalled that common things. (AKA Isolation/Novelty Effect)






13. Elements that are similar are perceived to be more related than elements that are dissimilar.






14. The tendency for people to behave differently when they know they are being studied






15. A Gestalt law of organization; elements arrange in a straight line or a smooth curve are perceived as a group - and are interpreted as being more related than elements not on the line or curve.






16. A method of reorganizing information to make the information simpler - more meaningful and easier to remember. (ie. First Letter - Keyword - Rhyme - Feature Name)






17. A property of visual equivalence among elements in a form.






18. Given a choice between functionally equivalent designs - the simplest design should be selected.

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19. A relationship between variables in a system where the consequences of an event are fed back in order to modify the event in the future.






20. A phenomenon of visual processing in which certain line orientations are more quickly and easily processed and discriminated than other line orientations.






21. A technique for preventing unintended actions by requiring verification of the actions before they are performed.






22. All products progress sequentially through four stages of existence: introduction - growth - maturity - and decline.






23. The deliberate use of a weak element that will fail in order to protect other elements in the system from damage.






24. A relationship between controls and their movements or effects. When th effect corresponds to the expectation - the mapping is considered to be good or natural.






25. Memory for recognizing things is better than memory for recalling things.






26. A ratio within the elements of a form - such as height to width - approximating 0.618.






27. The process of organizing information into related groupings in order to manage complexity and reinforce relationships in the information.






28. The usability of a system is improved when similar parts are expressed in similar ways.






29. A process in which similar characteristics evolve independently in multiple systems.






30. The use of more elements than necessary to maintain the performance of a system in the event of failure of one or more of the elements.






31. A method of limiting the actions that can be performed on a system.






32. An original model on which something is patterned






33. A phenomenon of memory in which information that is analyzed deeply is better recalled than information that is analyzed superficially.






34. A tendency to prefer faces in which the eyes - nose - lips and other features are close to the average of a population.






35. A phenomenon of memory in which items presented at the beginning and end of a list are more likely to be recalled than items in the middle of a list.






36. An activity will be pursued only if its benefits are equal to or greater than the costs. (ie. How much reading is too much to get the point of a message?)






37. Tendency to perceive a set of individual elements as a single - recogniable pattern - rather than multiple - individual elements.






38. A preference for a particular ratio of waist size to hip size in men and women. Men prefer 0.7 in women. Women prefer 0.9 in men.






39. A technique that influences decision making and judgement by manipulating the way information is presented.






40. People tend to prefer savanna- like environments to other types of environments. Open areas - scattered trees - water - and uniform grassiness rather than other natural environments such as desert - jungle - and complex mtns.






41. Teh act of copying properties of familiar objects - organisms - or environments in order to realize specifice benefits afforded by those properties.






42. A technique for bringing attention to an area of text or image.






43. The process of using spatial and environmental information to navigate to a destination.






44. 1) Functionality 2) Reliability 3) Usability 4) Proficiency 5) Creativity. In order for design to be successful - it must meet ppl's basic need before it can attempt to satisfy higher- level needs.






45. A tendency to interpret shaded or dark areas of an object as shadows resulting from a light source above the object.






46. An attribute of an object that allows people to intuitively know how to use it






47. Teachers treat students differently based on their expectations of how students will perform.






48. It is often preferable to settle for a satisfactory solution - rather than pursue an optimal solution.






49. A process of repeating a set of operation until a specific result is achieved.






50. A tendency to see objects and patterns as 3D when certain visual cues are present.