Test your basic knowledge |

Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Successful products typically follow four stages of creation: requirements - design - development - and testing.






2. Pictures are remembered better than words.






3. The time required to move to a target is a function of the target size and distance to the target.

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4. The usability of a system is improved when similar parts are expressed in similar ways.






5. An attribute of an object that allows people to intuitively know how to use it






6. A state of mental focus so intense that awareness of the 'real' world is lost - generally resulting in a feeling of joy and satisfaction.






7. The visual clarity of text - generally based on the size - typeface - contrast - text block - and spacing of the characters used.






8. The quality of system output is dependent on the quality of system input.






9. All products progress sequentially through four stages of existence: introduction - growth - maturity - and decline.






10. The level of control provided by a system should be related to the proficiency and experience levels of the people using the system.






11. The greater the effort to accomplish a task - the less likely the task will be accomplished successfully.






12. The debgree to which prose can be understood - based on the complexity of words and sentences.






13. Tendency to form an overall positive impression of a person on the basis of one positive characteristic






14. Teachers treat students differently based on their expectations of how students will perform.






15. 1) Physiological 2) Safety 3) Love 4) Self-Esteem 5) Self-Actualization

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16. The tendency to see attractive people as more intelligent - competent - moral and sociable than unattractive people.






17. Elements that are connected by uniform visual properties - such as color - are perceived to be more related than elements that are not connected.






18. A diagram that describes the general pattern followed by the eyes when looking at evenly distributed - homogeneous information.






19. A relationship between controls and their movements or effects. When th effect corresponds to the expectation - the mapping is considered to be good or natural.






20. A process in which similar characteristics evolve independently in multiple systems.






21. A preference for a particular ratio of waist size to hip size in men and women. Men prefer 0.7 in women. Women prefer 0.9 in men.






22. A property of visual equivalence among elements in a form.






23. Teh act of copying properties of familiar objects - organisms - or environments in order to realize specifice benefits afforded by those properties.






24. Elements perceived as either figures (objects of focus) or ground (the rest of the perceptual field)






25. A method of illustrating relationships and patterns in system behaviors by representing two or more system variables in a controlled way.






26. A phenomenon in which perception and behavior changes as a result of personal expectations or the expectations of others. (Halo effect - Hawthorne effect - Pygmalion effect - Placebo effect - Rosenthal effect - Demand characteristics.)






27. A process of repeating a set of operation until a specific result is achieved.






28. The process of using spatial and environmental information to navigate to a destination.






29. A tendency to assume that a system that works at one scale will also work at a smaller or larger scale. (2 kinds: Load assumptions and Interaction assumptions)






30. A method of reorganizing information to make the information simpler - more meaningful and easier to remember. (ie. First Letter - Keyword - Rhyme - Feature Name)






31. The act of measuring certain sensitive variable in a system can alter them - and confound the accuracy of the measurement.






32. A tendency to see objects and patterns as 3D when certain visual cues are present.






33. A method of creating imagery - emotions - and understanding of events through an interaction between a storyteller and an audience.






34. Designs should help people avoid errors and minimize the negative consequences of errors when they do occur.






35. A technique that influences decision making and judgement by manipulating the way information is presented.






36. An ability to detect threatening stimuli more efficiently than nonthreatening stimuli.






37. Memory for recognizing things is better than memory for recalling things.






38. A ratio within the elements of a form - such as height to width - approximating 0.618.






39. An action or ommission of action yielding an unintended result.






40. A phenomenon of memory in which information that is analyzed deeply is better recalled than information that is analyzed superficially.






41. Hierarchical organization is the simplest structure for visualizing and understanding complexity.






42. A phenomenon of memory in which items presented at the beginning and end of a list are more likely to be recalled than items in the middle of a list.






43. The ratio of relevant to irrelevant information in a display. The highest possible signal- to- noise ratio is desirable in design.






44. The ratio of face to body in an image that influences the way the person in the image is perceived. (High = intelligent / Low = physical)






45. A tendency to interpret shaded or dark areas of an object as shadows resulting from a light source above the object.






46. A property in which a form is made up of parts similar to the whole or to one another.






47. A tendency to prefer environments with unobstructed views (prospects) and areas of concealment and retreat (refuges).






48. An activity will be pursued only if its benefits are equal to or greater than the costs. (ie. How much reading is too much to get the point of a message?)






49. A technique of composition in which a medium is divided into thirds - creating aesthetic positions for the primary elements of a design.






50. 80% of the effects generated by any large system are caused by 20% of the variables.