Test your basic knowledge |

Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A method of creating imagery - emotions - and understanding of events through an interaction between a storyteller and an audience.






2. Successful products typically follow four stages of creation: requirements - design - development - and testing.






3. Beauty in design results from purity of function. Interpreted in 2 ways: A description of beauty or a prescription for beauty.






4. A phenomenon of memory in which items presented at the beginning and end of a list are more likely to be recalled than items in the middle of a list.






5. A process in which similar characteristics evolve independently in multiple systems.






6. A method of limiting the actions that can be performed on a system.






7. A phenomenon of memory in which information that is analyzed deeply is better recalled than information that is analyzed superficially.






8. A preference for a particular ratio of waist size to hip size in men and women. Men prefer 0.7 in women. Women prefer 0.9 in men.






9. Tendency to perceive a set of individual elements as a single - recogniable pattern - rather than multiple - individual elements.






10. The time it takes to make a decision increases as the number of alternatives increases.

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11. The tendency to perceive objects as unchanging - despite changes in sensory input. (such as perspective - lighting - color or size)






12. A method of reorganizing information to make the information simpler - more meaningful and easier to remember. (ie. First Letter - Keyword - Rhyme - Feature Name)






13. There are five ways to organize information: Category - time - location - alphabet - and continuum.






14. Repeated exposure to stimuli for which people have neutral feelings will increase the likeability of the stimuli.






15. Elements that are similar are perceived to be more related than elements that are dissimilar.






16. A phenomenon of memory in which noticeably different things are more likely to be recalled that common things. (AKA Isolation/Novelty Effect)






17. The usability of a system is improved when similar parts are expressed in similar ways.






18. A phenomenon in which mental processing is made slower and less accurate by competing mental processes.






19. Memory for recognizing things is better than memory for recalling things.






20. The use of simplified and incomplete models of a design to explore ideas - elaborate requirements - refine specifications - and test functionality.






21. Designs should help people avoid errors and minimize the negative consequences of errors when they do occur.






22. An ability to detect threatening stimuli more efficiently than nonthreatening stimuli.






23. Pictures are remembered better than words.






24. Tendency to form an overall positive impression of a person on the basis of one positive characteristic






25. Using more elements than is necessary to offset the effects of unknown variables which may cause a system failure.






26. A phenomenon in which perception and behavior changes as a result of personal expectations or the expectations of others. (Halo effect - Hawthorne effect - Pygmalion effect - Placebo effect - Rosenthal effect - Demand characteristics.)






27. A term used to describe a set of data - that when plotted - forms a symmetrical - bell- shaped curve.






28. A relationship between variables in a system where the consequences of an event are fed back in order to modify the event in the future.






29. Given a choice between functionally equivalent designs - the simplest design should be selected.

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30. A technique that influences decision making and judgement by manipulating the way information is presented.






31. A technique used to teach a desired behavior by reinforcing increasingly accurate approximations of the behavior.






32. All products progress sequentially through four stages of existence: introduction - growth - maturity - and decline.






33. The ratio of face to body in an image that influences the way the person in the image is perceived. (High = intelligent / Low = physical)






34. An action or ommission of action yielding an unintended result.






35. 1) Physiological 2) Safety 3) Love 4) Self-Esteem 5) Self-Actualization

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36. A tendency to prefer faces in which the eyes - nose - lips and other features are close to the average of a population.






37. An original model on which something is patterned






38. A space that has territorial markers - opportunities for surveillance - and clear indications of activity and ownership.






39. A Gestalt principle of organization holding that aspects of perceptual field that move or function in a similar manner will be perceived as a unit






40. People tend to prefer savanna- like environments to other types of environments. Open areas - scattered trees - water - and uniform grassiness rather than other natural environments such as desert - jungle - and complex mtns.






41. An attribute of an object that allows people to intuitively know how to use it






42. Elements that are close together are percieved to be more related than elements that are farther apart.






43. The use of pictorial images to improve the recognition and recall of signs and controls.






44. There are three ways to organize materials to support a load or to contain and protect something: Mass structures - frame structures - and shell structures.






45. A tendency to interpret shaded or dark areas of an object as shadows resulting from a light source above the object.






46. The tendency for people to behave differently when they know they are being studied






47. A method of managing system complexity that involves dividing large systems into multiple - smaller self- contained systems.






48. A phenomenon of visual processing in which certain line orientations are more quickly and easily processed and discriminated than other line orientations.






49. A property of visual equivalence among elements in a form.






50. The quality of system output is dependent on the quality of system input.