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Test your basic knowledge |
Design Principles
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The debgree to which prose can be understood - based on the complexity of words and sentences.
Readability
Attractiveness Bias
Iconic Representation
Constancy
2. A technique of combining many units of information into a limited number of units or chunks - so that the information is easier to process and remember.
Expectation Effect
Chunking
Uniform Connectedness
Fitts' Law
3. The deliberate use of a weak element that will fail in order to protect other elements in the system from damage.
Cost-Benefit
Inverted Pyramid
Readability
Weakest Link
4. A sequence of numbers in which each number is the sum of the preceding two.
Attractiveness Bias
Progressive Disclosure
Fibonacci Sequence
Uncertainty Principle
5. A tendency to interpret shaded or dark areas of an object as shadows resulting from a light source above the object.
Fitts' Law
Top- Down Lighting Bias
Classical Conditioning
Similarity
6. A term used to describe a set of data - that when plotted - forms a symmetrical - bell- shaped curve.
Normal Distribution
Expectation Effect
Golden Ratio
Common Fate
7. The level of control provided by a system should be related to the proficiency and experience levels of the people using the system.
Factor of Safety
Control
Modularity
Savanna Preference
8. Beauty in design results from purity of function. Interpreted in 2 ways: A description of beauty or a prescription for beauty.
Von Restorff Effect
Gutenberg Diagram
Comparison
Form Follows Function
9. The use of more elements than necessary to maintain the performance of a system in the event of failure of one or more of the elements.
Von Restorff Effect
Accessibility
Redundancy
Convergence
10. An attribute of an object that allows people to intuitively know how to use it
Baby-Face Bias
Fibonacci Sequence
Classical Conditioning
Affordance
11. A phenomenon in which mental processing is made slower and less accurate by competing mental processes.
Iteration
Hierarchy of Needs (Design)
Interference Effects
Savanna Preference
12. The process of organizing information into related groupings in order to manage complexity and reinforce relationships in the information.
Similarity
Layering
Flexibility-Usability Tradeoff
Normal Distribution
13. A diagram that describes the general pattern followed by the eyes when looking at evenly distributed - homogeneous information.
Gutenberg Diagram
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
80/20 Rule
Uniform Connectedness
14. There are three ways to organize materials to support a load or to contain and protect something: Mass structures - frame structures - and shell structures.
Serial Position Effects
Attractiveness Bias
Structural Forms
Modularity
15. A method of reorganizing information to make the information simpler - more meaningful and easier to remember. (ie. First Letter - Keyword - Rhyme - Feature Name)
Face- ism Ratio
Inverted Pyramid
Mnemonic Device
Mapping
16. A method of managing system complexity that involves dividing large systems into multiple - smaller self- contained systems.
Modularity
Consistency
Shaping
Storytelling
17. The ratio of face to body in an image that influences the way the person in the image is perceived. (High = intelligent / Low = physical)
Control
Face- ism Ratio
Feedback Loop
Accessibility
18. A property of visual equivalence among elements in a form.
Five Hat Racks
80/20 Rule
Symmetry
Wayfinding
19. A state of mental focus so intense that awareness of the 'real' world is lost - generally resulting in a feeling of joy and satisfaction.
Immersion
Rosenthal Effect
Pygmalion Effect
Scaling Fallacy
20. When participants realise the aim of the study and may change their behaviour to help or disrupt the study.
Threat detection
Ockham's Razor
Demand Characteristics
Affordance
21. It is often preferable to settle for a satisfactory solution - rather than pursue an optimal solution.
Comparison
Development Cycle
Performance vs. Preference
Satisficing
22. The relative ease with which a destination - idea - or concept may be reached.
Forgiveness
Control
Accessibility
Convergence
23. Designs should help people avoid errors and minimize the negative consequences of errors when they do occur.
Forgiveness
Layering
Constraint
Prospect-Refuge
24. A phenomenon of memory in which information that is analyzed deeply is better recalled than information that is analyzed superficially.
Baby-Face Bias
Serial Position Effects
Depth of Processing
Constraint
25. There are five ways to organize information: Category - time - location - alphabet - and continuum.
Five Hat Racks
Hawthorne Effect
Cost-Benefit
Confirmation
26. Hierarchical organization is the simplest structure for visualizing and understanding complexity.
Symmetry
Hierarchy
Confirmation
Top- Down Lighting Bias
27. A Gestalt principle of organization holding that aspects of perceptual field that move or function in a similar manner will be perceived as a unit
Mental Model
Interference Effects
Common Fate
Ockham's Razor
28. A point of physical or attentional entry into a design. (Minimal Barriers - Points of Prospect - Progressive Lures)
Entry Point
Face- ism Ratio
Orientation Sensitivity
Storytelling
29. The tendency for people to perform better or worse based on the expectations of another.
Classical Conditioning
Convergence
Pygmalion Effect
Depth of Processing
30. A tendency to interpret ambiguous images as simple and a complete unit - versus complex and incomplete. (Gestalt principle of perception).
Orientation Sensitivity
Confirmation
Law of Pragnanz
Uncertainty Principle
31. A tendency to prefer faces in which the eyes - nose - lips and other features are close to the average of a population.
Von Restorff Effect
Most Average Facial Appearance Effect
Chunking
Operant Conditioning
32. Tendency to perceive a set of individual elements as a single - recogniable pattern - rather than multiple - individual elements.
Comparison
Highlighting
Closure
Cost-Benefit
33. A phenomenon of memory in which noticeably different things are more likely to be recalled that common things. (AKA Isolation/Novelty Effect)
Von Restorff Effect
Progressive Disclosure
Proximity
Cost-Benefit
34. Elements that are connected by uniform visual properties - such as color - are perceived to be more related than elements that are not connected.
Uniform Connectedness
Hick's Law
Form Follows Function
Common Fate
35. A method of limiting the actions that can be performed on a system.
Placebo effect
Performance vs. Preference
Classical Conditioning
Constraint
36. A technique used to teach a desired behavior by reinforcing increasingly accurate approximations of the behavior.
Affordance
Shaping
Modularity
Depth of Processing
37. 1) Physiological 2) Safety 3) Love 4) Self-Esteem 5) Self-Actualization
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38. Repeated exposure to stimuli for which people have neutral feelings will increase the likeability of the stimuli.
Convergence
Iteration
Layering
Exposure Effect
39. Patients experience treatment effects based on their belief that a treatment will work.
Feedback Loop
Progressive Disclosure
Placebo effect
Structural Forms
40. Given a choice between functionally equivalent designs - the simplest design should be selected.
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41. The tendency for people to behave differently when they know they are being studied
Threat detection
Satisficing
Modularity
Hawthorne Effect
42. The quality of system output is dependent on the quality of system input.
Orientation Sensitivity
Garbage In - Garbage Out
Wayfinding
Storytelling
43. An ability to detect threatening stimuli more efficiently than nonthreatening stimuli.
Flexibility-Usability Tradeoff
Threat detection
Mnemonic Device
Golden Ratio
44. A process in which similar characteristics evolve independently in multiple systems.
Top- Down Lighting Bias
Factor of Safety
Mental Model
Convergence
45. People tend to prefer savanna- like environments to other types of environments. Open areas - scattered trees - water - and uniform grassiness rather than other natural environments such as desert - jungle - and complex mtns.
Legibility
Highlighting
Savanna Preference
Mapping
46. A process of repeating a set of operation until a specific result is achieved.
Ockham's Razor
Affordance
Errors
Iteration
47. The distressing state of thought caused by recognizing an inconsistency between behavior/thought and value/belief.
Interference Effects
Cognitive Dissonance
Exposure Effect
Scaling Fallacy
48. A property in which a form is made up of parts similar to the whole or to one another.
Golden Ratio
Signal- to- Noise Ratio
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
Self- similarity
49. A tendency to see objects and patterns as 3D when certain visual cues are present.
Attractiveness Bias
Three- Dimensional Projection
Modularity
Redundancy
50. Pictures are remembered better than words.
Constraint
Life Cycle
Picture Superiority Effect
Orientation Sensitivity
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