Test your basic knowledge |

Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Adjusting parts of a device in relation to each other to create a sense of unity and cohesion.






2. Elements that are close together are percieved to be more related than elements that are farther apart.






3. A tendency to assume that a system that works at one scale will also work at a smaller or larger scale. (2 kinds: Load assumptions and Interaction assumptions)






4. A ratio within the elements of a form - such as height to width - approximating 0.618.






5. Repeated exposure to stimuli for which people have neutral feelings will increase the likeability of the stimuli.






6. 1) Functionality 2) Reliability 3) Usability 4) Proficiency 5) Creativity. In order for design to be successful - it must meet ppl's basic need before it can attempt to satisfy higher- level needs.






7. A process of repeating a set of operation until a specific result is achieved.






8. A method of creating imagery - emotions - and understanding of events through an interaction between a storyteller and an audience.






9. The distressing state of thought caused by recognizing an inconsistency between behavior/thought and value/belief.






10. The use of pictorial images to improve the recognition and recall of signs and controls.






11. When participants realise the aim of the study and may change their behaviour to help or disrupt the study.






12. A tendency to interpret shaded or dark areas of an object as shadows resulting from a light source above the object.






13. A phenomenon of visual processing in which certain line orientations are more quickly and easily processed and discriminated than other line orientations.






14. The tendency for people to behave differently when they know they are being studied






15. A method of reorganizing information to make the information simpler - more meaningful and easier to remember. (ie. First Letter - Keyword - Rhyme - Feature Name)






16. A point of physical or attentional entry into a design. (Minimal Barriers - Points of Prospect - Progressive Lures)






17. As the flexiblity of a system increases - its usability decreases.






18. Designs should help people avoid errors and minimize the negative consequences of errors when they do occur.






19. There are five ways to organize information: Category - time - location - alphabet - and continuum.






20. An original model on which something is patterned






21. A technique that influences decision making and judgement by manipulating the way information is presented.






22. Tendency to perceive a set of individual elements as a single - recogniable pattern - rather than multiple - individual elements.






23. A technique for preventing unintended actions by requiring verification of the actions before they are performed.






24. The process of organizing information into related groupings in order to manage complexity and reinforce relationships in the information.






25. The time required to move to a target is a function of the target size and distance to the target.

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26. Tendency to form an overall positive impression of a person on the basis of one positive characteristic






27. A strategy for managing information complexity in which only necessary or requested information is displayed at any given time.






28. A tendency to interpret ambiguous images as simple and a complete unit - versus complex and incomplete. (Gestalt principle of perception).






29. A technique used to asociate a stimulus with an unconscious physical or emotional response.






30. The visual clarity of text - generally based on the size - typeface - contrast - text block - and spacing of the characters used.






31. A phenomenon of memory in which information that is analyzed deeply is better recalled than information that is analyzed superficially.






32. There are three ways to organize materials to support a load or to contain and protect something: Mass structures - frame structures - and shell structures.






33. A method of presentation in which information is presented in descending order of importance. (Critical information presented first).






34. Elements that are similar are perceived to be more related than elements that are dissimilar.






35. Using more elements than is necessary to offset the effects of unknown variables which may cause a system failure.






36. Beauty in design results from purity of function. Interpreted in 2 ways: A description of beauty or a prescription for beauty.






37. 80% of the effects generated by any large system are caused by 20% of the variables.






38. A property of visual equivalence among elements in a form.






39. A preference for a particular ratio of waist size to hip size in men and women. Men prefer 0.7 in women. Women prefer 0.9 in men.






40. A space that has territorial markers - opportunities for surveillance - and clear indications of activity and ownership.






41. A process in which similar characteristics evolve independently in multiple systems.






42. A Gestalt law of organization; elements arrange in a straight line or a smooth curve are perceived as a group - and are interpreted as being more related than elements not on the line or curve.






43. People tend to prefer savanna- like environments to other types of environments. Open areas - scattered trees - water - and uniform grassiness rather than other natural environments such as desert - jungle - and complex mtns.






44. A phenomenon of memory in which noticeably different things are more likely to be recalled that common things. (AKA Isolation/Novelty Effect)






45. 1) Physiological 2) Safety 3) Love 4) Self-Esteem 5) Self-Actualization

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46. A technique of combining many units of information into a limited number of units or chunks - so that the information is easier to process and remember.






47. Successful products typically follow four stages of creation: requirements - design - development - and testing.






48. An action or ommission of action yielding an unintended result.






49. The level of control provided by a system should be related to the proficiency and experience levels of the people using the system.






50. An activity will be pursued only if its benefits are equal to or greater than the costs. (ie. How much reading is too much to get the point of a message?)