Test your basic knowledge |

Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The relative ease with which a destination - idea - or concept may be reached.






2. Pictures are remembered better than words.






3. An original model on which something is patterned






4. A tendency to assume that a system that works at one scale will also work at a smaller or larger scale. (2 kinds: Load assumptions and Interaction assumptions)






5. A relationship between variables in a system where the consequences of an event are fed back in order to modify the event in the future.






6. A method of managing system complexity that involves dividing large systems into multiple - smaller self- contained systems.






7. Elements perceived as either figures (objects of focus) or ground (the rest of the perceptual field)






8. The tendency for people to perform better or worse based on the expectations of another.






9. A process of repeating a set of operation until a specific result is achieved.






10. Elements that are close together are percieved to be more related than elements that are farther apart.






11. A technique that influences decision making and judgement by manipulating the way information is presented.






12. A state of mental focus so intense that awareness of the 'real' world is lost - generally resulting in a feeling of joy and satisfaction.






13. Adjusting parts of a device in relation to each other to create a sense of unity and cohesion.






14. When participants realise the aim of the study and may change their behaviour to help or disrupt the study.






15. A relationship between controls and their movements or effects. When th effect corresponds to the expectation - the mapping is considered to be good or natural.






16. The usability of a system is improved when similar parts are expressed in similar ways.






17. The distressing state of thought caused by recognizing an inconsistency between behavior/thought and value/belief.






18. The designs that help people perform optimally are often not the same as the designs that people find most desirable.






19. A Gestalt principle of organization holding that aspects of perceptual field that move or function in a similar manner will be perceived as a unit






20. Tendency to form an overall positive impression of a person on the basis of one positive characteristic






21. Beauty in design results from purity of function. Interpreted in 2 ways: A description of beauty or a prescription for beauty.






22. A tendency to see people and things iwth baby- faced features as more naive - helpless - and honest than those with mature features.






23. A phenomenon in which perception and behavior changes as a result of personal expectations or the expectations of others. (Halo effect - Hawthorne effect - Pygmalion effect - Placebo effect - Rosenthal effect - Demand characteristics.)






24. A phenomenon of memory in which information that is analyzed deeply is better recalled than information that is analyzed superficially.






25. The use of pictorial images to improve the recognition and recall of signs and controls.






26. A technique for preventing unintended actions by requiring verification of the actions before they are performed.






27. The debgree to which prose can be understood - based on the complexity of words and sentences.






28. A technique of combining many units of information into a limited number of units or chunks - so that the information is easier to process and remember.






29. A phenomenon of visual processing in which certain line orientations are more quickly and easily processed and discriminated than other line orientations.






30. A method of limiting the actions that can be performed on a system.






31. The process of organizing information into related groupings in order to manage complexity and reinforce relationships in the information.






32. All products progress sequentially through four stages of existence: introduction - growth - maturity - and decline.






33. Successful products typically follow four stages of creation: requirements - design - development - and testing.






34. A tendency to prefer environments with unobstructed views (prospects) and areas of concealment and retreat (refuges).






35. A tendency to interpret ambiguous images as simple and a complete unit - versus complex and incomplete. (Gestalt principle of perception).






36. The tendency for people to behave differently when they know they are being studied






37. A property in which a form is made up of parts similar to the whole or to one another.






38. The ratio of face to body in an image that influences the way the person in the image is perceived. (High = intelligent / Low = physical)






39. A ratio within the elements of a form - such as height to width - approximating 0.618.






40. A method of illustrating relationships and patterns in system behaviors by representing two or more system variables in a controlled way.






41. A technique used to teach a desired behavior by reinforcing increasingly accurate approximations of the behavior.






42. The ratio of relevant to irrelevant information in a display. The highest possible signal- to- noise ratio is desirable in design.






43. Teh act of copying properties of familiar objects - organisms - or environments in order to realize specifice benefits afforded by those properties.






44. A tendency to prefer faces in which the eyes - nose - lips and other features are close to the average of a population.






45. The use of simplified and incomplete models of a design to explore ideas - elaborate requirements - refine specifications - and test functionality.






46. 1) Physiological 2) Safety 3) Love 4) Self-Esteem 5) Self-Actualization


47. A preference for a particular ratio of waist size to hip size in men and women. Men prefer 0.7 in women. Women prefer 0.9 in men.






48. Given a choice between functionally equivalent designs - the simplest design should be selected.


49. The visual clarity of text - generally based on the size - typeface - contrast - text block - and spacing of the characters used.






50. A method of creating imagery - emotions - and understanding of events through an interaction between a storyteller and an audience.