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Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A method of creating imagery - emotions - and understanding of events through an interaction between a storyteller and an audience.






2. An activity will be pursued only if its benefits are equal to or greater than the costs. (ie. How much reading is too much to get the point of a message?)






3. Teh act of copying properties of familiar objects - organisms - or environments in order to realize specifice benefits afforded by those properties.






4. Patients experience treatment effects based on their belief that a treatment will work.






5. The process of organizing information into related groupings in order to manage complexity and reinforce relationships in the information.






6. Using more elements than is necessary to offset the effects of unknown variables which may cause a system failure.






7. A method of illustrating relationships and patterns in system behaviors by representing two or more system variables in a controlled way.






8. A technique that influences decision making and judgement by manipulating the way information is presented.






9. The quality of system output is dependent on the quality of system input.






10. The ratio of relevant to irrelevant information in a display. The highest possible signal- to- noise ratio is desirable in design.






11. Elements that are close together are percieved to be more related than elements that are farther apart.






12. 80% of the effects generated by any large system are caused by 20% of the variables.






13. Successful products typically follow four stages of creation: requirements - design - development - and testing.






14. Hierarchical organization is the simplest structure for visualizing and understanding complexity.






15. A ratio within the elements of a form - such as height to width - approximating 0.618.






16. A state of mental focus so intense that awareness of the 'real' world is lost - generally resulting in a feeling of joy and satisfaction.






17. A phenomenon of memory in which items presented at the beginning and end of a list are more likely to be recalled than items in the middle of a list.






18. The use of more elements than necessary to maintain the performance of a system in the event of failure of one or more of the elements.






19. A diagram that describes the general pattern followed by the eyes when looking at evenly distributed - homogeneous information.






20. The act of measuring certain sensitive variable in a system can alter them - and confound the accuracy of the measurement.






21. A Gestalt principle of organization holding that aspects of perceptual field that move or function in a similar manner will be perceived as a unit






22. A space that has territorial markers - opportunities for surveillance - and clear indications of activity and ownership.






23. Tendency to perceive a set of individual elements as a single - recogniable pattern - rather than multiple - individual elements.






24. The ratio of face to body in an image that influences the way the person in the image is perceived. (High = intelligent / Low = physical)






25. A phenomenon in which perception and behavior changes as a result of personal expectations or the expectations of others. (Halo effect - Hawthorne effect - Pygmalion effect - Placebo effect - Rosenthal effect - Demand characteristics.)






26. A tendency to see objects and patterns as 3D when certain visual cues are present.






27. The process of using spatial and environmental information to navigate to a destination.






28. A method of reorganizing information to make the information simpler - more meaningful and easier to remember. (ie. First Letter - Keyword - Rhyme - Feature Name)






29. All products progress sequentially through four stages of existence: introduction - growth - maturity - and decline.






30. The visual clarity of text - generally based on the size - typeface - contrast - text block - and spacing of the characters used.






31. A process in which similar characteristics evolve independently in multiple systems.






32. A method of managing system complexity that involves dividing large systems into multiple - smaller self- contained systems.






33. The tendency for people to behave differently when they know they are being studied






34. A method of presentation in which information is presented in descending order of importance. (Critical information presented first).






35. The time it takes to make a decision increases as the number of alternatives increases.

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36. Repeated exposure to stimuli for which people have neutral feelings will increase the likeability of the stimuli.






37. The usability of a system is improved when its status and methods of use are clearly visible.






38. A technique used to asociate a stimulus with an unconscious physical or emotional response.






39. A property of visual equivalence among elements in a form.






40. A term used to describe a set of data - that when plotted - forms a symmetrical - bell- shaped curve.






41. Memory for recognizing things is better than memory for recalling things.






42. The usability of a system is improved when similar parts are expressed in similar ways.






43. An original model on which something is patterned






44. The level of control provided by a system should be related to the proficiency and experience levels of the people using the system.






45. An ability to detect threatening stimuli more efficiently than nonthreatening stimuli.






46. There are three ways to organize materials to support a load or to contain and protect something: Mass structures - frame structures - and shell structures.






47. When participants realise the aim of the study and may change their behaviour to help or disrupt the study.






48. An action or ommission of action yielding an unintended result.






49. A technique used to teach a desired behavior by reinforcing increasingly accurate approximations of the behavior.






50. A Gestalt law of organization; elements arrange in a straight line or a smooth curve are perceived as a group - and are interpreted as being more related than elements not on the line or curve.







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