Test your basic knowledge |

Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Elements that are similar are perceived to be more related than elements that are dissimilar.






2. An original model on which something is patterned






3. Teh act of copying properties of familiar objects - organisms - or environments in order to realize specifice benefits afforded by those properties.






4. A process of repeating a set of operation until a specific result is achieved.






5. A process in which similar characteristics evolve independently in multiple systems.






6. A technique used to modify behavior by reinforcing desired behaviors - and ignoring or punishing undesired behaviors.






7. An action or ommission of action yielding an unintended result.






8. A relationship between controls and their movements or effects. When th effect corresponds to the expectation - the mapping is considered to be good or natural.






9. Elements perceived as either figures (objects of focus) or ground (the rest of the perceptual field)






10. The tendency to perceive objects as unchanging - despite changes in sensory input. (such as perspective - lighting - color or size)






11. A ratio within the elements of a form - such as height to width - approximating 0.618.






12. The level of control provided by a system should be related to the proficiency and experience levels of the people using the system.






13. All products progress sequentially through four stages of existence: introduction - growth - maturity - and decline.






14. The use of simplified and incomplete models of a design to explore ideas - elaborate requirements - refine specifications - and test functionality.






15. A property in which a form is made up of parts similar to the whole or to one another.






16. 1) Physiological 2) Safety 3) Love 4) Self-Esteem 5) Self-Actualization

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17. A sequence of numbers in which each number is the sum of the preceding two.






18. A tendency to prefer environments with unobstructed views (prospects) and areas of concealment and retreat (refuges).






19. Designs should help people avoid errors and minimize the negative consequences of errors when they do occur.






20. Elements that are connected by uniform visual properties - such as color - are perceived to be more related than elements that are not connected.






21. Elements that are close together are percieved to be more related than elements that are farther apart.






22. A strategy for managing information complexity in which only necessary or requested information is displayed at any given time.






23. A tendency to see people and things iwth baby- faced features as more naive - helpless - and honest than those with mature features.






24. A phenomenon of memory in which information that is analyzed deeply is better recalled than information that is analyzed superficially.






25. The usability of a system is improved when its status and methods of use are clearly visible.






26. A relationship between variables in a system where the consequences of an event are fed back in order to modify the event in the future.






27. The greater the effort to accomplish a task - the less likely the task will be accomplished successfully.






28. A method of presentation in which information is presented in descending order of importance. (Critical information presented first).






29. The quality of system output is dependent on the quality of system input.






30. A technique used to teach a desired behavior by reinforcing increasingly accurate approximations of the behavior.






31. A technique for preventing unintended actions by requiring verification of the actions before they are performed.






32. A method of creating imagery - emotions - and understanding of events through an interaction between a storyteller and an audience.






33. People tend to prefer savanna- like environments to other types of environments. Open areas - scattered trees - water - and uniform grassiness rather than other natural environments such as desert - jungle - and complex mtns.






34. Patients experience treatment effects based on their belief that a treatment will work.






35. A tendency to interpret ambiguous images as simple and a complete unit - versus complex and incomplete. (Gestalt principle of perception).






36. An ability to detect threatening stimuli more efficiently than nonthreatening stimuli.






37. As the flexiblity of a system increases - its usability decreases.






38. When participants realise the aim of the study and may change their behaviour to help or disrupt the study.






39. A technique used to asociate a stimulus with an unconscious physical or emotional response.






40. Repeated exposure to stimuli for which people have neutral feelings will increase the likeability of the stimuli.






41. The tendency for people to perform better or worse based on the expectations of another.






42. Adjusting parts of a device in relation to each other to create a sense of unity and cohesion.






43. The process of using spatial and environmental information to navigate to a destination.






44. 1) Functionality 2) Reliability 3) Usability 4) Proficiency 5) Creativity. In order for design to be successful - it must meet ppl's basic need before it can attempt to satisfy higher- level needs.






45. Successful products typically follow four stages of creation: requirements - design - development - and testing.






46. Teachers treat students differently based on their expectations of how students will perform.






47. A technique for bringing attention to an area of text or image.






48. A point of physical or attentional entry into a design. (Minimal Barriers - Points of Prospect - Progressive Lures)






49. A preference for a particular ratio of waist size to hip size in men and women. Men prefer 0.7 in women. Women prefer 0.9 in men.






50. The process of organizing information into related groupings in order to manage complexity and reinforce relationships in the information.