Test your basic knowledge |

Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A property in which a form is made up of parts similar to the whole or to one another.






2. A technique of composition in which a medium is divided into thirds - creating aesthetic positions for the primary elements of a design.






3. A technique for bringing attention to an area of text or image.






4. The distressing state of thought caused by recognizing an inconsistency between behavior/thought and value/belief.






5. A point of physical or attentional entry into a design. (Minimal Barriers - Points of Prospect - Progressive Lures)






6. When participants realise the aim of the study and may change their behaviour to help or disrupt the study.






7. A tendency to see objects and patterns as 3D when certain visual cues are present.






8. As the flexiblity of a system increases - its usability decreases.






9. Teachers treat students differently based on their expectations of how students will perform.






10. The deliberate use of a weak element that will fail in order to protect other elements in the system from damage.






11. A phenomenon of visual processing in which certain line orientations are more quickly and easily processed and discriminated than other line orientations.






12. An attribute of an object that allows people to intuitively know how to use it






13. A technique for preventing unintended actions by requiring verification of the actions before they are performed.






14. Repeated exposure to stimuli for which people have neutral feelings will increase the likeability of the stimuli.






15. Elements that are similar are perceived to be more related than elements that are dissimilar.






16. Elements perceived as either figures (objects of focus) or ground (the rest of the perceptual field)






17. 80% of the effects generated by any large system are caused by 20% of the variables.






18. 1) Physiological 2) Safety 3) Love 4) Self-Esteem 5) Self-Actualization

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19. Teh act of copying properties of familiar objects - organisms - or environments in order to realize specifice benefits afforded by those properties.






20. An original model on which something is patterned






21. The use of simplified and incomplete models of a design to explore ideas - elaborate requirements - refine specifications - and test functionality.






22. The tendency to see attractive people as more intelligent - competent - moral and sociable than unattractive people.






23. All products progress sequentially through four stages of existence: introduction - growth - maturity - and decline.






24. A relationship between variables in a system where the consequences of an event are fed back in order to modify the event in the future.






25. A tendency to interpret ambiguous images as simple and a complete unit - versus complex and incomplete. (Gestalt principle of perception).






26. A Gestalt principle of organization holding that aspects of perceptual field that move or function in a similar manner will be perceived as a unit






27. An activity will be pursued only if its benefits are equal to or greater than the costs. (ie. How much reading is too much to get the point of a message?)






28. A phenomenon in which perception and behavior changes as a result of personal expectations or the expectations of others. (Halo effect - Hawthorne effect - Pygmalion effect - Placebo effect - Rosenthal effect - Demand characteristics.)






29. A phenomenon of memory in which items presented at the beginning and end of a list are more likely to be recalled than items in the middle of a list.






30. A technique that influences decision making and judgement by manipulating the way information is presented.






31. A phenomenon in which mental processing is made slower and less accurate by competing mental processes.






32. A technique used to teach a desired behavior by reinforcing increasingly accurate approximations of the behavior.






33. A space that has territorial markers - opportunities for surveillance - and clear indications of activity and ownership.






34. Beauty in design results from purity of function. Interpreted in 2 ways: A description of beauty or a prescription for beauty.






35. The usability of a system is improved when its status and methods of use are clearly visible.






36. A process in which similar characteristics evolve independently in multiple systems.






37. The process of using spatial and environmental information to navigate to a destination.






38. There are three ways to organize materials to support a load or to contain and protect something: Mass structures - frame structures - and shell structures.






39. A ratio within the elements of a form - such as height to width - approximating 0.618.






40. Tendency to perceive a set of individual elements as a single - recogniable pattern - rather than multiple - individual elements.






41. The greater the effort to accomplish a task - the less likely the task will be accomplished successfully.






42. A tendency to see people and things iwth baby- faced features as more naive - helpless - and honest than those with mature features.






43. A relationship between controls and their movements or effects. When th effect corresponds to the expectation - the mapping is considered to be good or natural.






44. The ratio of face to body in an image that influences the way the person in the image is perceived. (High = intelligent / Low = physical)






45. A technique of combining many units of information into a limited number of units or chunks - so that the information is easier to process and remember.






46. The quality of system output is dependent on the quality of system input.






47. Elements that are close together are percieved to be more related than elements that are farther apart.






48. The tendency for people to perform better or worse based on the expectations of another.






49. A tendency to prefer faces in which the eyes - nose - lips and other features are close to the average of a population.






50. A method of reorganizing information to make the information simpler - more meaningful and easier to remember. (ie. First Letter - Keyword - Rhyme - Feature Name)