Test your basic knowledge |

Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A method of managing system complexity that involves dividing large systems into multiple - smaller self- contained systems.






2. The tendency for people to behave differently when they know they are being studied






3. Elements that are close together are percieved to be more related than elements that are farther apart.






4. 1) Functionality 2) Reliability 3) Usability 4) Proficiency 5) Creativity. In order for design to be successful - it must meet ppl's basic need before it can attempt to satisfy higher- level needs.






5. A method of creating imagery - emotions - and understanding of events through an interaction between a storyteller and an audience.






6. The use of simplified and incomplete models of a design to explore ideas - elaborate requirements - refine specifications - and test functionality.






7. Successful products typically follow four stages of creation: requirements - design - development - and testing.






8. A technique for preventing unintended actions by requiring verification of the actions before they are performed.






9. The greater the effort to accomplish a task - the less likely the task will be accomplished successfully.






10. Using more elements than is necessary to offset the effects of unknown variables which may cause a system failure.






11. A Gestalt law of organization; elements arrange in a straight line or a smooth curve are perceived as a group - and are interpreted as being more related than elements not on the line or curve.






12. A method of presentation in which information is presented in descending order of importance. (Critical information presented first).






13. The relative ease with which a destination - idea - or concept may be reached.






14. A phenomenon of memory in which information that is analyzed deeply is better recalled than information that is analyzed superficially.






15. A term used to describe a set of data - that when plotted - forms a symmetrical - bell- shaped curve.






16. When participants realise the aim of the study and may change their behaviour to help or disrupt the study.






17. A property in which a form is made up of parts similar to the whole or to one another.






18. Tendency to form an overall positive impression of a person on the basis of one positive characteristic






19. The process of using spatial and environmental information to navigate to a destination.






20. The process of organizing information into related groupings in order to manage complexity and reinforce relationships in the information.






21. Hierarchical organization is the simplest structure for visualizing and understanding complexity.






22. Elements that are similar are perceived to be more related than elements that are dissimilar.






23. A technique for bringing attention to an area of text or image.






24. A ratio within the elements of a form - such as height to width - approximating 0.618.






25. A phenomenon in which mental processing is made slower and less accurate by competing mental processes.






26. The tendency to perceive objects as unchanging - despite changes in sensory input. (such as perspective - lighting - color or size)






27. A tendency to see people and things iwth baby- faced features as more naive - helpless - and honest than those with mature features.






28. A relationship between controls and their movements or effects. When th effect corresponds to the expectation - the mapping is considered to be good or natural.






29. Given a choice between functionally equivalent designs - the simplest design should be selected.

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30. The time required to move to a target is a function of the target size and distance to the target.

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31. A method of illustrating relationships and patterns in system behaviors by representing two or more system variables in a controlled way.






32. A technique used to teach a desired behavior by reinforcing increasingly accurate approximations of the behavior.






33. Beauty in design results from purity of function. Interpreted in 2 ways: A description of beauty or a prescription for beauty.






34. A technique that influences decision making and judgement by manipulating the way information is presented.






35. A property of visual equivalence among elements in a form.






36. People understand and interact with systems and environments based on mental representations developed from experience.






37. The level of control provided by a system should be related to the proficiency and experience levels of the people using the system.






38. Patients experience treatment effects based on their belief that a treatment will work.






39. A tendency to see objects and patterns as 3D when certain visual cues are present.






40. A tendency to interpret shaded or dark areas of an object as shadows resulting from a light source above the object.






41. A tendency to prefer environments with unobstructed views (prospects) and areas of concealment and retreat (refuges).






42. Elements that are connected by uniform visual properties - such as color - are perceived to be more related than elements that are not connected.






43. The deliberate use of a weak element that will fail in order to protect other elements in the system from damage.






44. The designs that help people perform optimally are often not the same as the designs that people find most desirable.






45. An activity will be pursued only if its benefits are equal to or greater than the costs. (ie. How much reading is too much to get the point of a message?)






46. A tendency to prefer faces in which the eyes - nose - lips and other features are close to the average of a population.






47. A preference for a particular ratio of waist size to hip size in men and women. Men prefer 0.7 in women. Women prefer 0.9 in men.






48. The use of more elements than necessary to maintain the performance of a system in the event of failure of one or more of the elements.






49. A technique of combining many units of information into a limited number of units or chunks - so that the information is easier to process and remember.






50. An ability to detect threatening stimuli more efficiently than nonthreatening stimuli.