Test your basic knowledge |

Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. All products progress sequentially through four stages of existence: introduction - growth - maturity - and decline.






2. 1) Physiological 2) Safety 3) Love 4) Self-Esteem 5) Self-Actualization

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3. People tend to prefer savanna- like environments to other types of environments. Open areas - scattered trees - water - and uniform grassiness rather than other natural environments such as desert - jungle - and complex mtns.






4. A technique of composition in which a medium is divided into thirds - creating aesthetic positions for the primary elements of a design.






5. 1) Functionality 2) Reliability 3) Usability 4) Proficiency 5) Creativity. In order for design to be successful - it must meet ppl's basic need before it can attempt to satisfy higher- level needs.






6. When participants realise the aim of the study and may change their behaviour to help or disrupt the study.






7. A property in which a form is made up of parts similar to the whole or to one another.






8. Elements that are connected by uniform visual properties - such as color - are perceived to be more related than elements that are not connected.






9. Tendency to form an overall positive impression of a person on the basis of one positive characteristic






10. An activity will be pursued only if its benefits are equal to or greater than the costs. (ie. How much reading is too much to get the point of a message?)






11. A method of limiting the actions that can be performed on a system.






12. The visual clarity of text - generally based on the size - typeface - contrast - text block - and spacing of the characters used.






13. A tendency to interpret shaded or dark areas of an object as shadows resulting from a light source above the object.






14. The tendency to perceive objects as unchanging - despite changes in sensory input. (such as perspective - lighting - color or size)






15. The debgree to which prose can be understood - based on the complexity of words and sentences.






16. The process of organizing information into related groupings in order to manage complexity and reinforce relationships in the information.






17. A term used to describe a set of data - that when plotted - forms a symmetrical - bell- shaped curve.






18. A property of visual equivalence among elements in a form.






19. The process of using spatial and environmental information to navigate to a destination.






20. A tendency to interpret ambiguous images as simple and a complete unit - versus complex and incomplete. (Gestalt principle of perception).






21. It is often preferable to settle for a satisfactory solution - rather than pursue an optimal solution.






22. Elements that are similar are perceived to be more related than elements that are dissimilar.






23. A diagram that describes the general pattern followed by the eyes when looking at evenly distributed - homogeneous information.






24. A method of illustrating relationships and patterns in system behaviors by representing two or more system variables in a controlled way.






25. A sequence of numbers in which each number is the sum of the preceding two.






26. There are five ways to organize information: Category - time - location - alphabet - and continuum.






27. The act of measuring certain sensitive variable in a system can alter them - and confound the accuracy of the measurement.






28. A phenomenon in which perception and behavior changes as a result of personal expectations or the expectations of others. (Halo effect - Hawthorne effect - Pygmalion effect - Placebo effect - Rosenthal effect - Demand characteristics.)






29. A process of repeating a set of operation until a specific result is achieved.






30. A phenomenon of visual processing in which certain line orientations are more quickly and easily processed and discriminated than other line orientations.






31. A technique for preventing unintended actions by requiring verification of the actions before they are performed.






32. Designs should help people avoid errors and minimize the negative consequences of errors when they do occur.






33. The distressing state of thought caused by recognizing an inconsistency between behavior/thought and value/belief.






34. A technique used to asociate a stimulus with an unconscious physical or emotional response.






35. A technique of combining many units of information into a limited number of units or chunks - so that the information is easier to process and remember.






36. The tendency for people to behave differently when they know they are being studied






37. The relative ease with which a destination - idea - or concept may be reached.






38. A ratio within the elements of a form - such as height to width - approximating 0.618.






39. Elements that are close together are percieved to be more related than elements that are farther apart.






40. Hierarchical organization is the simplest structure for visualizing and understanding complexity.






41. Memory for recognizing things is better than memory for recalling things.






42. A preference for a particular ratio of waist size to hip size in men and women. Men prefer 0.7 in women. Women prefer 0.9 in men.






43. The usability of a system is improved when its status and methods of use are clearly visible.






44. Adjusting parts of a device in relation to each other to create a sense of unity and cohesion.






45. A tendency to assume that a system that works at one scale will also work at a smaller or larger scale. (2 kinds: Load assumptions and Interaction assumptions)






46. 80% of the effects generated by any large system are caused by 20% of the variables.






47. A tendency to see people and things iwth baby- faced features as more naive - helpless - and honest than those with mature features.






48. The ratio of face to body in an image that influences the way the person in the image is perceived. (High = intelligent / Low = physical)






49. An attribute of an object that allows people to intuitively know how to use it






50. A technique used to teach a desired behavior by reinforcing increasingly accurate approximations of the behavior.