Test your basic knowledge |

Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The usability of a system is improved when similar parts are expressed in similar ways.






2. A technique used to modify behavior by reinforcing desired behaviors - and ignoring or punishing undesired behaviors.






3. Beauty in design results from purity of function. Interpreted in 2 ways: A description of beauty or a prescription for beauty.






4. The ratio of relevant to irrelevant information in a display. The highest possible signal- to- noise ratio is desirable in design.






5. The level of control provided by a system should be related to the proficiency and experience levels of the people using the system.






6. The use of more elements than necessary to maintain the performance of a system in the event of failure of one or more of the elements.






7. 1) Functionality 2) Reliability 3) Usability 4) Proficiency 5) Creativity. In order for design to be successful - it must meet ppl's basic need before it can attempt to satisfy higher- level needs.






8. The process of using spatial and environmental information to navigate to a destination.






9. As the flexiblity of a system increases - its usability decreases.






10. An action or ommission of action yielding an unintended result.






11. The tendency for people to behave differently when they know they are being studied






12. A technique for preventing unintended actions by requiring verification of the actions before they are performed.






13. A Gestalt law of organization; elements arrange in a straight line or a smooth curve are perceived as a group - and are interpreted as being more related than elements not on the line or curve.






14. There are three ways to organize materials to support a load or to contain and protect something: Mass structures - frame structures - and shell structures.






15. A phenomenon of memory in which items presented at the beginning and end of a list are more likely to be recalled than items in the middle of a list.






16. The time required to move to a target is a function of the target size and distance to the target.

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17. Memory for recognizing things is better than memory for recalling things.






18. Teh act of copying properties of familiar objects - organisms - or environments in order to realize specifice benefits afforded by those properties.






19. A space that has territorial markers - opportunities for surveillance - and clear indications of activity and ownership.






20. A tendency to prefer environments with unobstructed views (prospects) and areas of concealment and retreat (refuges).






21. A point of physical or attentional entry into a design. (Minimal Barriers - Points of Prospect - Progressive Lures)






22. People understand and interact with systems and environments based on mental representations developed from experience.






23. 1) Physiological 2) Safety 3) Love 4) Self-Esteem 5) Self-Actualization

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24. Patients experience treatment effects based on their belief that a treatment will work.






25. A phenomenon of memory in which noticeably different things are more likely to be recalled that common things. (AKA Isolation/Novelty Effect)






26. A relationship between controls and their movements or effects. When th effect corresponds to the expectation - the mapping is considered to be good or natural.






27. Designs should help people avoid errors and minimize the negative consequences of errors when they do occur.






28. Using more elements than is necessary to offset the effects of unknown variables which may cause a system failure.






29. Pictures are remembered better than words.






30. A method of reorganizing information to make the information simpler - more meaningful and easier to remember. (ie. First Letter - Keyword - Rhyme - Feature Name)






31. An attribute of an object that allows people to intuitively know how to use it






32. A technique used to teach a desired behavior by reinforcing increasingly accurate approximations of the behavior.






33. The distressing state of thought caused by recognizing an inconsistency between behavior/thought and value/belief.






34. Elements that are similar are perceived to be more related than elements that are dissimilar.






35. Elements perceived as either figures (objects of focus) or ground (the rest of the perceptual field)






36. The act of measuring certain sensitive variable in a system can alter them - and confound the accuracy of the measurement.






37. A Gestalt principle of organization holding that aspects of perceptual field that move or function in a similar manner will be perceived as a unit






38. The usability of a system is improved when its status and methods of use are clearly visible.






39. A strategy for managing information complexity in which only necessary or requested information is displayed at any given time.






40. The visual clarity of text - generally based on the size - typeface - contrast - text block - and spacing of the characters used.






41. A tendency to assume that a system that works at one scale will also work at a smaller or larger scale. (2 kinds: Load assumptions and Interaction assumptions)






42. A technique that influences decision making and judgement by manipulating the way information is presented.






43. A phenomenon of visual processing in which certain line orientations are more quickly and easily processed and discriminated than other line orientations.






44. The process of organizing information into related groupings in order to manage complexity and reinforce relationships in the information.






45. An ability to detect threatening stimuli more efficiently than nonthreatening stimuli.






46. 80% of the effects generated by any large system are caused by 20% of the variables.






47. A relationship between variables in a system where the consequences of an event are fed back in order to modify the event in the future.






48. A property in which a form is made up of parts similar to the whole or to one another.






49. Repeated exposure to stimuli for which people have neutral feelings will increase the likeability of the stimuli.






50. A phenomenon of memory in which information that is analyzed deeply is better recalled than information that is analyzed superficially.