Test your basic knowledge |

Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Elements that are close together are percieved to be more related than elements that are farther apart.






2. The tendency to see attractive people as more intelligent - competent - moral and sociable than unattractive people.






3. A technique used to modify behavior by reinforcing desired behaviors - and ignoring or punishing undesired behaviors.






4. Tendency to perceive a set of individual elements as a single - recogniable pattern - rather than multiple - individual elements.






5. Teachers treat students differently based on their expectations of how students will perform.






6. 1) Physiological 2) Safety 3) Love 4) Self-Esteem 5) Self-Actualization


7. A sequence of numbers in which each number is the sum of the preceding two.






8. 80% of the effects generated by any large system are caused by 20% of the variables.






9. A phenomenon in which mental processing is made slower and less accurate by competing mental processes.






10. Repeated exposure to stimuli for which people have neutral feelings will increase the likeability of the stimuli.






11. People understand and interact with systems and environments based on mental representations developed from experience.






12. A technique that influences decision making and judgement by manipulating the way information is presented.






13. The ratio of face to body in an image that influences the way the person in the image is perceived. (High = intelligent / Low = physical)






14. A diagram that describes the general pattern followed by the eyes when looking at evenly distributed - homogeneous information.






15. The use of pictorial images to improve the recognition and recall of signs and controls.






16. The act of measuring certain sensitive variable in a system can alter them - and confound the accuracy of the measurement.






17. An action or ommission of action yielding an unintended result.






18. The tendency to perceive objects as unchanging - despite changes in sensory input. (such as perspective - lighting - color or size)






19. A tendency to see objects and patterns as 3D when certain visual cues are present.






20. Memory for recognizing things is better than memory for recalling things.






21. The process of using spatial and environmental information to navigate to a destination.






22. The deliberate use of a weak element that will fail in order to protect other elements in the system from damage.






23. The time required to move to a target is a function of the target size and distance to the target.


24. A method of limiting the actions that can be performed on a system.






25. A relationship between variables in a system where the consequences of an event are fed back in order to modify the event in the future.






26. A technique used to asociate a stimulus with an unconscious physical or emotional response.






27. A relationship between controls and their movements or effects. When th effect corresponds to the expectation - the mapping is considered to be good or natural.






28. A tendency to assume that a system that works at one scale will also work at a smaller or larger scale. (2 kinds: Load assumptions and Interaction assumptions)






29. A preference for a particular ratio of waist size to hip size in men and women. Men prefer 0.7 in women. Women prefer 0.9 in men.






30. The usability of a system is improved when its status and methods of use are clearly visible.






31. Successful products typically follow four stages of creation: requirements - design - development - and testing.






32. A technique for bringing attention to an area of text or image.






33. The use of more elements than necessary to maintain the performance of a system in the event of failure of one or more of the elements.






34. The process of organizing information into related groupings in order to manage complexity and reinforce relationships in the information.






35. A term used to describe a set of data - that when plotted - forms a symmetrical - bell- shaped curve.






36. The ratio of relevant to irrelevant information in a display. The highest possible signal- to- noise ratio is desirable in design.






37. Using more elements than is necessary to offset the effects of unknown variables which may cause a system failure.






38. A technique used to teach a desired behavior by reinforcing increasingly accurate approximations of the behavior.






39. A tendency to interpret shaded or dark areas of an object as shadows resulting from a light source above the object.






40. A tendency to see people and things iwth baby- faced features as more naive - helpless - and honest than those with mature features.






41. A tendency to prefer environments with unobstructed views (prospects) and areas of concealment and retreat (refuges).






42. The relative ease with which a destination - idea - or concept may be reached.






43. The time it takes to make a decision increases as the number of alternatives increases.


44. A phenomenon of visual processing in which certain line orientations are more quickly and easily processed and discriminated than other line orientations.






45. A process of repeating a set of operation until a specific result is achieved.






46. The use of simplified and incomplete models of a design to explore ideas - elaborate requirements - refine specifications - and test functionality.






47. There are three ways to organize materials to support a load or to contain and protect something: Mass structures - frame structures - and shell structures.






48. When participants realise the aim of the study and may change their behaviour to help or disrupt the study.






49. The tendency for people to behave differently when they know they are being studied






50. A technique for preventing unintended actions by requiring verification of the actions before they are performed.