Test your basic knowledge |

Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A phenomenon of visual processing in which certain line orientations are more quickly and easily processed and discriminated than other line orientations.






2. The usability of a system is improved when its status and methods of use are clearly visible.






3. There are three ways to organize materials to support a load or to contain and protect something: Mass structures - frame structures - and shell structures.






4. Hierarchical organization is the simplest structure for visualizing and understanding complexity.






5. A method of illustrating relationships and patterns in system behaviors by representing two or more system variables in a controlled way.






6. The designs that help people perform optimally are often not the same as the designs that people find most desirable.






7. Tendency to perceive a set of individual elements as a single - recogniable pattern - rather than multiple - individual elements.






8. An action or ommission of action yielding an unintended result.






9. The use of more elements than necessary to maintain the performance of a system in the event of failure of one or more of the elements.






10. The debgree to which prose can be understood - based on the complexity of words and sentences.






11. Elements perceived as either figures (objects of focus) or ground (the rest of the perceptual field)






12. Repeated exposure to stimuli for which people have neutral feelings will increase the likeability of the stimuli.






13. A tendency to see objects and patterns as 3D when certain visual cues are present.






14. Elements that are similar are perceived to be more related than elements that are dissimilar.






15. A technique used to teach a desired behavior by reinforcing increasingly accurate approximations of the behavior.






16. The time it takes to make a decision increases as the number of alternatives increases.

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17. A term used to describe a set of data - that when plotted - forms a symmetrical - bell- shaped curve.






18. The usability of a system is improved when similar parts are expressed in similar ways.






19. The greater the effort to accomplish a task - the less likely the task will be accomplished successfully.






20. The act of measuring certain sensitive variable in a system can alter them - and confound the accuracy of the measurement.






21. Adjusting parts of a device in relation to each other to create a sense of unity and cohesion.






22. A space that has territorial markers - opportunities for surveillance - and clear indications of activity and ownership.






23. The tendency to perceive objects as unchanging - despite changes in sensory input. (such as perspective - lighting - color or size)






24. Elements that are close together are percieved to be more related than elements that are farther apart.






25. A technique for preventing unintended actions by requiring verification of the actions before they are performed.






26. A state of mental focus so intense that awareness of the 'real' world is lost - generally resulting in a feeling of joy and satisfaction.






27. The visual clarity of text - generally based on the size - typeface - contrast - text block - and spacing of the characters used.






28. There are five ways to organize information: Category - time - location - alphabet - and continuum.






29. A Gestalt principle of organization holding that aspects of perceptual field that move or function in a similar manner will be perceived as a unit






30. A technique of combining many units of information into a limited number of units or chunks - so that the information is easier to process and remember.






31. An ability to detect threatening stimuli more efficiently than nonthreatening stimuli.






32. A tendency to see people and things iwth baby- faced features as more naive - helpless - and honest than those with mature features.






33. A phenomenon of memory in which noticeably different things are more likely to be recalled that common things. (AKA Isolation/Novelty Effect)






34. The process of organizing information into related groupings in order to manage complexity and reinforce relationships in the information.






35. As the flexiblity of a system increases - its usability decreases.






36. 80% of the effects generated by any large system are caused by 20% of the variables.






37. Teh act of copying properties of familiar objects - organisms - or environments in order to realize specifice benefits afforded by those properties.






38. A phenomenon of memory in which information that is analyzed deeply is better recalled than information that is analyzed superficially.






39. A tendency to prefer faces in which the eyes - nose - lips and other features are close to the average of a population.






40. The use of simplified and incomplete models of a design to explore ideas - elaborate requirements - refine specifications - and test functionality.






41. A technique of composition in which a medium is divided into thirds - creating aesthetic positions for the primary elements of a design.






42. The tendency for people to perform better or worse based on the expectations of another.






43. The deliberate use of a weak element that will fail in order to protect other elements in the system from damage.






44. A property of visual equivalence among elements in a form.






45. An original model on which something is patterned






46. The tendency for people to behave differently when they know they are being studied






47. The distressing state of thought caused by recognizing an inconsistency between behavior/thought and value/belief.






48. A preference for a particular ratio of waist size to hip size in men and women. Men prefer 0.7 in women. Women prefer 0.9 in men.






49. Teachers treat students differently based on their expectations of how students will perform.






50. The relative ease with which a destination - idea - or concept may be reached.