Test your basic knowledge |

Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. There are five ways to organize information: Category - time - location - alphabet - and continuum.






2. A diagram that describes the general pattern followed by the eyes when looking at evenly distributed - homogeneous information.






3. A space that has territorial markers - opportunities for surveillance - and clear indications of activity and ownership.






4. The quality of system output is dependent on the quality of system input.






5. A phenomenon in which perception and behavior changes as a result of personal expectations or the expectations of others. (Halo effect - Hawthorne effect - Pygmalion effect - Placebo effect - Rosenthal effect - Demand characteristics.)






6. The process of using spatial and environmental information to navigate to a destination.






7. The time it takes to make a decision increases as the number of alternatives increases.

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8. A phenomenon of memory in which items presented at the beginning and end of a list are more likely to be recalled than items in the middle of a list.






9. A tendency to see people and things iwth baby- faced features as more naive - helpless - and honest than those with mature features.






10. A sequence of numbers in which each number is the sum of the preceding two.






11. Teachers treat students differently based on their expectations of how students will perform.






12. A technique that influences decision making and judgement by manipulating the way information is presented.






13. Using more elements than is necessary to offset the effects of unknown variables which may cause a system failure.






14. The relative ease with which a destination - idea - or concept may be reached.






15. An activity will be pursued only if its benefits are equal to or greater than the costs. (ie. How much reading is too much to get the point of a message?)






16. A technique for preventing unintended actions by requiring verification of the actions before they are performed.






17. A strategy for managing information complexity in which only necessary or requested information is displayed at any given time.






18. People tend to prefer savanna- like environments to other types of environments. Open areas - scattered trees - water - and uniform grassiness rather than other natural environments such as desert - jungle - and complex mtns.






19. A preference for a particular ratio of waist size to hip size in men and women. Men prefer 0.7 in women. Women prefer 0.9 in men.






20. A term used to describe a set of data - that when plotted - forms a symmetrical - bell- shaped curve.






21. Elements that are connected by uniform visual properties - such as color - are perceived to be more related than elements that are not connected.






22. A tendency to prefer faces in which the eyes - nose - lips and other features are close to the average of a population.






23. A process in which similar characteristics evolve independently in multiple systems.






24. Tendency to form an overall positive impression of a person on the basis of one positive characteristic






25. An original model on which something is patterned






26. A state of mental focus so intense that awareness of the 'real' world is lost - generally resulting in a feeling of joy and satisfaction.






27. A Gestalt principle of organization holding that aspects of perceptual field that move or function in a similar manner will be perceived as a unit






28. Hierarchical organization is the simplest structure for visualizing and understanding complexity.






29. Elements that are close together are percieved to be more related than elements that are farther apart.






30. A phenomenon in which mental processing is made slower and less accurate by competing mental processes.






31. A method of managing system complexity that involves dividing large systems into multiple - smaller self- contained systems.






32. A phenomenon of memory in which noticeably different things are more likely to be recalled that common things. (AKA Isolation/Novelty Effect)






33. The level of control provided by a system should be related to the proficiency and experience levels of the people using the system.






34. The debgree to which prose can be understood - based on the complexity of words and sentences.






35. People understand and interact with systems and environments based on mental representations developed from experience.






36. An attribute of an object that allows people to intuitively know how to use it






37. The use of more elements than necessary to maintain the performance of a system in the event of failure of one or more of the elements.






38. There are three ways to organize materials to support a load or to contain and protect something: Mass structures - frame structures - and shell structures.






39. Given a choice between functionally equivalent designs - the simplest design should be selected.

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40. A tendency to interpret shaded or dark areas of an object as shadows resulting from a light source above the object.






41. An action or ommission of action yielding an unintended result.






42. A Gestalt law of organization; elements arrange in a straight line or a smooth curve are perceived as a group - and are interpreted as being more related than elements not on the line or curve.






43. The usability of a system is improved when its status and methods of use are clearly visible.






44. A method of limiting the actions that can be performed on a system.






45. The time required to move to a target is a function of the target size and distance to the target.

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46. When participants realise the aim of the study and may change their behaviour to help or disrupt the study.






47. The usability of a system is improved when similar parts are expressed in similar ways.






48. The tendency for people to perform better or worse based on the expectations of another.






49. All products progress sequentially through four stages of existence: introduction - growth - maturity - and decline.






50. A tendency to assume that a system that works at one scale will also work at a smaller or larger scale. (2 kinds: Load assumptions and Interaction assumptions)