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Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Elements that are similar are perceived to be more related than elements that are dissimilar.






2. Teachers treat students differently based on their expectations of how students will perform.






3. A Gestalt principle of organization holding that aspects of perceptual field that move or function in a similar manner will be perceived as a unit






4. The designs that help people perform optimally are often not the same as the designs that people find most desirable.






5. A technique for preventing unintended actions by requiring verification of the actions before they are performed.






6. 1) Physiological 2) Safety 3) Love 4) Self-Esteem 5) Self-Actualization

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7. Patients experience treatment effects based on their belief that a treatment will work.






8. An ability to detect threatening stimuli more efficiently than nonthreatening stimuli.






9. A phenomenon of memory in which items presented at the beginning and end of a list are more likely to be recalled than items in the middle of a list.






10. The tendency for people to perform better or worse based on the expectations of another.






11. 1) Functionality 2) Reliability 3) Usability 4) Proficiency 5) Creativity. In order for design to be successful - it must meet ppl's basic need before it can attempt to satisfy higher- level needs.






12. A term used to describe a set of data - that when plotted - forms a symmetrical - bell- shaped curve.






13. The usability of a system is improved when its status and methods of use are clearly visible.






14. The ratio of face to body in an image that influences the way the person in the image is perceived. (High = intelligent / Low = physical)






15. The tendency to see attractive people as more intelligent - competent - moral and sociable than unattractive people.






16. The tendency for people to behave differently when they know they are being studied






17. Memory for recognizing things is better than memory for recalling things.






18. An attribute of an object that allows people to intuitively know how to use it






19. Successful products typically follow four stages of creation: requirements - design - development - and testing.






20. Hierarchical organization is the simplest structure for visualizing and understanding complexity.






21. There are three ways to organize materials to support a load or to contain and protect something: Mass structures - frame structures - and shell structures.






22. A tendency to see people and things iwth baby- faced features as more naive - helpless - and honest than those with mature features.






23. A space that has territorial markers - opportunities for surveillance - and clear indications of activity and ownership.






24. The time it takes to make a decision increases as the number of alternatives increases.

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25. A phenomenon of visual processing in which certain line orientations are more quickly and easily processed and discriminated than other line orientations.






26. Elements perceived as either figures (objects of focus) or ground (the rest of the perceptual field)






27. A tendency to interpret ambiguous images as simple and a complete unit - versus complex and incomplete. (Gestalt principle of perception).






28. A phenomenon in which mental processing is made slower and less accurate by competing mental processes.






29. Designs should help people avoid errors and minimize the negative consequences of errors when they do occur.






30. A state of mental focus so intense that awareness of the 'real' world is lost - generally resulting in a feeling of joy and satisfaction.






31. The time required to move to a target is a function of the target size and distance to the target.

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32. The level of control provided by a system should be related to the proficiency and experience levels of the people using the system.






33. A preference for a particular ratio of waist size to hip size in men and women. Men prefer 0.7 in women. Women prefer 0.9 in men.






34. A property of visual equivalence among elements in a form.






35. Pictures are remembered better than words.






36. A diagram that describes the general pattern followed by the eyes when looking at evenly distributed - homogeneous information.






37. A technique used to teach a desired behavior by reinforcing increasingly accurate approximations of the behavior.






38. It is often preferable to settle for a satisfactory solution - rather than pursue an optimal solution.






39. A phenomenon of memory in which noticeably different things are more likely to be recalled that common things. (AKA Isolation/Novelty Effect)






40. A method of reorganizing information to make the information simpler - more meaningful and easier to remember. (ie. First Letter - Keyword - Rhyme - Feature Name)






41. Repeated exposure to stimuli for which people have neutral feelings will increase the likeability of the stimuli.






42. The debgree to which prose can be understood - based on the complexity of words and sentences.






43. A technique that influences decision making and judgement by manipulating the way information is presented.






44. The ratio of relevant to irrelevant information in a display. The highest possible signal- to- noise ratio is desirable in design.






45. The use of pictorial images to improve the recognition and recall of signs and controls.






46. A tendency to see objects and patterns as 3D when certain visual cues are present.






47. Elements that are connected by uniform visual properties - such as color - are perceived to be more related than elements that are not connected.






48. A method of illustrating relationships and patterns in system behaviors by representing two or more system variables in a controlled way.






49. A technique of combining many units of information into a limited number of units or chunks - so that the information is easier to process and remember.






50. A Gestalt law of organization; elements arrange in a straight line or a smooth curve are perceived as a group - and are interpreted as being more related than elements not on the line or curve.







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