Test your basic knowledge |

Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The ratio of face to body in an image that influences the way the person in the image is perceived. (High = intelligent / Low = physical)






2. All products progress sequentially through four stages of existence: introduction - growth - maturity - and decline.






3. A Gestalt principle of organization holding that aspects of perceptual field that move or function in a similar manner will be perceived as a unit






4. A method of presentation in which information is presented in descending order of importance. (Critical information presented first).






5. A tendency to interpret shaded or dark areas of an object as shadows resulting from a light source above the object.






6. A phenomenon of memory in which noticeably different things are more likely to be recalled that common things. (AKA Isolation/Novelty Effect)






7. A tendency to see objects and patterns as 3D when certain visual cues are present.






8. Elements that are close together are percieved to be more related than elements that are farther apart.






9. The quality of system output is dependent on the quality of system input.






10. A state of mental focus so intense that awareness of the 'real' world is lost - generally resulting in a feeling of joy and satisfaction.






11. The deliberate use of a weak element that will fail in order to protect other elements in the system from damage.






12. The relative ease with which a destination - idea - or concept may be reached.






13. It is often preferable to settle for a satisfactory solution - rather than pursue an optimal solution.






14. Tendency to form an overall positive impression of a person on the basis of one positive characteristic






15. 1) Functionality 2) Reliability 3) Usability 4) Proficiency 5) Creativity. In order for design to be successful - it must meet ppl's basic need before it can attempt to satisfy higher- level needs.






16. Tendency to perceive a set of individual elements as a single - recogniable pattern - rather than multiple - individual elements.






17. A technique of combining many units of information into a limited number of units or chunks - so that the information is easier to process and remember.






18. Successful products typically follow four stages of creation: requirements - design - development - and testing.






19. A technique used to teach a desired behavior by reinforcing increasingly accurate approximations of the behavior.






20. A tendency to prefer environments with unobstructed views (prospects) and areas of concealment and retreat (refuges).






21. Adjusting parts of a device in relation to each other to create a sense of unity and cohesion.






22. There are five ways to organize information: Category - time - location - alphabet - and continuum.






23. A technique used to modify behavior by reinforcing desired behaviors - and ignoring or punishing undesired behaviors.






24. 1) Physiological 2) Safety 3) Love 4) Self-Esteem 5) Self-Actualization


25. A phenomenon of visual processing in which certain line orientations are more quickly and easily processed and discriminated than other line orientations.






26. A tendency to assume that a system that works at one scale will also work at a smaller or larger scale. (2 kinds: Load assumptions and Interaction assumptions)






27. An activity will be pursued only if its benefits are equal to or greater than the costs. (ie. How much reading is too much to get the point of a message?)






28. A phenomenon of memory in which information that is analyzed deeply is better recalled than information that is analyzed superficially.






29. A sequence of numbers in which each number is the sum of the preceding two.






30. Pictures are remembered better than words.






31. A technique of composition in which a medium is divided into thirds - creating aesthetic positions for the primary elements of a design.






32. The level of control provided by a system should be related to the proficiency and experience levels of the people using the system.






33. A preference for a particular ratio of waist size to hip size in men and women. Men prefer 0.7 in women. Women prefer 0.9 in men.






34. A diagram that describes the general pattern followed by the eyes when looking at evenly distributed - homogeneous information.






35. Elements perceived as either figures (objects of focus) or ground (the rest of the perceptual field)






36. A technique for preventing unintended actions by requiring verification of the actions before they are performed.






37. Repeated exposure to stimuli for which people have neutral feelings will increase the likeability of the stimuli.






38. A Gestalt law of organization; elements arrange in a straight line or a smooth curve are perceived as a group - and are interpreted as being more related than elements not on the line or curve.






39. A relationship between variables in a system where the consequences of an event are fed back in order to modify the event in the future.






40. A method of creating imagery - emotions - and understanding of events through an interaction between a storyteller and an audience.






41. Teh act of copying properties of familiar objects - organisms - or environments in order to realize specifice benefits afforded by those properties.






42. People understand and interact with systems and environments based on mental representations developed from experience.






43. A space that has territorial markers - opportunities for surveillance - and clear indications of activity and ownership.






44. An action or ommission of action yielding an unintended result.






45. As the flexiblity of a system increases - its usability decreases.






46. The distressing state of thought caused by recognizing an inconsistency between behavior/thought and value/belief.






47. Teachers treat students differently based on their expectations of how students will perform.






48. An attribute of an object that allows people to intuitively know how to use it






49. An original model on which something is patterned






50. People tend to prefer savanna- like environments to other types of environments. Open areas - scattered trees - water - and uniform grassiness rather than other natural environments such as desert - jungle - and complex mtns.