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Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A method of limiting the actions that can be performed on a system.






2. A method of creating imagery - emotions - and understanding of events through an interaction between a storyteller and an audience.






3. The use of more elements than necessary to maintain the performance of a system in the event of failure of one or more of the elements.






4. The level of control provided by a system should be related to the proficiency and experience levels of the people using the system.






5. A technique of composition in which a medium is divided into thirds - creating aesthetic positions for the primary elements of a design.






6. A strategy for managing information complexity in which only necessary or requested information is displayed at any given time.






7. Successful products typically follow four stages of creation: requirements - design - development - and testing.






8. A process in which similar characteristics evolve independently in multiple systems.






9. A phenomenon in which perception and behavior changes as a result of personal expectations or the expectations of others. (Halo effect - Hawthorne effect - Pygmalion effect - Placebo effect - Rosenthal effect - Demand characteristics.)






10. A tendency to see people and things iwth baby- faced features as more naive - helpless - and honest than those with mature features.






11. It is often preferable to settle for a satisfactory solution - rather than pursue an optimal solution.






12. Elements that are close together are percieved to be more related than elements that are farther apart.






13. A state of mental focus so intense that awareness of the 'real' world is lost - generally resulting in a feeling of joy and satisfaction.






14. A tendency to prefer environments with unobstructed views (prospects) and areas of concealment and retreat (refuges).






15. The designs that help people perform optimally are often not the same as the designs that people find most desirable.






16. An activity will be pursued only if its benefits are equal to or greater than the costs. (ie. How much reading is too much to get the point of a message?)






17. A Gestalt principle of organization holding that aspects of perceptual field that move or function in a similar manner will be perceived as a unit






18. A tendency to see objects and patterns as 3D when certain visual cues are present.






19. An ability to detect threatening stimuli more efficiently than nonthreatening stimuli.






20. A technique for bringing attention to an area of text or image.






21. The time required to move to a target is a function of the target size and distance to the target.

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22. The tendency for people to perform better or worse based on the expectations of another.






23. A property in which a form is made up of parts similar to the whole or to one another.






24. The quality of system output is dependent on the quality of system input.






25. Hierarchical organization is the simplest structure for visualizing and understanding complexity.






26. Elements that are similar are perceived to be more related than elements that are dissimilar.






27. The tendency to see attractive people as more intelligent - competent - moral and sociable than unattractive people.






28. A tendency to assume that a system that works at one scale will also work at a smaller or larger scale. (2 kinds: Load assumptions and Interaction assumptions)






29. A method of presentation in which information is presented in descending order of importance. (Critical information presented first).






30. The process of organizing information into related groupings in order to manage complexity and reinforce relationships in the information.






31. Given a choice between functionally equivalent designs - the simplest design should be selected.

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32. A phenomenon of memory in which items presented at the beginning and end of a list are more likely to be recalled than items in the middle of a list.






33. The usability of a system is improved when similar parts are expressed in similar ways.






34. A preference for a particular ratio of waist size to hip size in men and women. Men prefer 0.7 in women. Women prefer 0.9 in men.






35. A tendency to interpret shaded or dark areas of an object as shadows resulting from a light source above the object.






36. A method of managing system complexity that involves dividing large systems into multiple - smaller self- contained systems.






37. There are five ways to organize information: Category - time - location - alphabet - and continuum.






38. A tendency to interpret ambiguous images as simple and a complete unit - versus complex and incomplete. (Gestalt principle of perception).






39. People tend to prefer savanna- like environments to other types of environments. Open areas - scattered trees - water - and uniform grassiness rather than other natural environments such as desert - jungle - and complex mtns.






40. The visual clarity of text - generally based on the size - typeface - contrast - text block - and spacing of the characters used.






41. The ratio of face to body in an image that influences the way the person in the image is perceived. (High = intelligent / Low = physical)






42. A technique for preventing unintended actions by requiring verification of the actions before they are performed.






43. An action or ommission of action yielding an unintended result.






44. The greater the effort to accomplish a task - the less likely the task will be accomplished successfully.






45. The time it takes to make a decision increases as the number of alternatives increases.

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46. A Gestalt law of organization; elements arrange in a straight line or a smooth curve are perceived as a group - and are interpreted as being more related than elements not on the line or curve.






47. People understand and interact with systems and environments based on mental representations developed from experience.






48. A technique used to asociate a stimulus with an unconscious physical or emotional response.






49. Memory for recognizing things is better than memory for recalling things.






50. The tendency to perceive objects as unchanging - despite changes in sensory input. (such as perspective - lighting - color or size)







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Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?


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