Test your basic knowledge |

Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A point of physical or attentional entry into a design. (Minimal Barriers - Points of Prospect - Progressive Lures)






2. A method of creating imagery - emotions - and understanding of events through an interaction between a storyteller and an audience.






3. 1) Physiological 2) Safety 3) Love 4) Self-Esteem 5) Self-Actualization


4. A property of visual equivalence among elements in a form.






5. A method of limiting the actions that can be performed on a system.






6. There are five ways to organize information: Category - time - location - alphabet - and continuum.






7. The tendency to see attractive people as more intelligent - competent - moral and sociable than unattractive people.






8. A preference for a particular ratio of waist size to hip size in men and women. Men prefer 0.7 in women. Women prefer 0.9 in men.






9. The tendency to perceive objects as unchanging - despite changes in sensory input. (such as perspective - lighting - color or size)






10. Elements that are close together are percieved to be more related than elements that are farther apart.






11. A technique that influences decision making and judgement by manipulating the way information is presented.






12. Adjusting parts of a device in relation to each other to create a sense of unity and cohesion.






13. A technique for bringing attention to an area of text or image.






14. Repeated exposure to stimuli for which people have neutral feelings will increase the likeability of the stimuli.






15. The deliberate use of a weak element that will fail in order to protect other elements in the system from damage.






16. The tendency for people to behave differently when they know they are being studied






17. Teh act of copying properties of familiar objects - organisms - or environments in order to realize specifice benefits afforded by those properties.






18. The time required to move to a target is a function of the target size and distance to the target.


19. The distressing state of thought caused by recognizing an inconsistency between behavior/thought and value/belief.






20. A space that has territorial markers - opportunities for surveillance - and clear indications of activity and ownership.






21. The relative ease with which a destination - idea - or concept may be reached.






22. Teachers treat students differently based on their expectations of how students will perform.






23. Using more elements than is necessary to offset the effects of unknown variables which may cause a system failure.






24. A technique of combining many units of information into a limited number of units or chunks - so that the information is easier to process and remember.






25. A phenomenon in which perception and behavior changes as a result of personal expectations or the expectations of others. (Halo effect - Hawthorne effect - Pygmalion effect - Placebo effect - Rosenthal effect - Demand characteristics.)






26. The use of more elements than necessary to maintain the performance of a system in the event of failure of one or more of the elements.






27. A diagram that describes the general pattern followed by the eyes when looking at evenly distributed - homogeneous information.






28. Memory for recognizing things is better than memory for recalling things.






29. A method of reorganizing information to make the information simpler - more meaningful and easier to remember. (ie. First Letter - Keyword - Rhyme - Feature Name)






30. The process of using spatial and environmental information to navigate to a destination.






31. Elements that are connected by uniform visual properties - such as color - are perceived to be more related than elements that are not connected.






32. The greater the effort to accomplish a task - the less likely the task will be accomplished successfully.






33. A tendency to see people and things iwth baby- faced features as more naive - helpless - and honest than those with mature features.






34. A tendency to interpret ambiguous images as simple and a complete unit - versus complex and incomplete. (Gestalt principle of perception).






35. An ability to detect threatening stimuli more efficiently than nonthreatening stimuli.






36. The ratio of face to body in an image that influences the way the person in the image is perceived. (High = intelligent / Low = physical)






37. A relationship between variables in a system where the consequences of an event are fed back in order to modify the event in the future.






38. Pictures are remembered better than words.






39. A relationship between controls and their movements or effects. When th effect corresponds to the expectation - the mapping is considered to be good or natural.






40. The process of organizing information into related groupings in order to manage complexity and reinforce relationships in the information.






41. The quality of system output is dependent on the quality of system input.






42. The tendency for people to perform better or worse based on the expectations of another.






43. 80% of the effects generated by any large system are caused by 20% of the variables.






44. A strategy for managing information complexity in which only necessary or requested information is displayed at any given time.






45. A method of presentation in which information is presented in descending order of importance. (Critical information presented first).






46. A term used to describe a set of data - that when plotted - forms a symmetrical - bell- shaped curve.






47. People tend to prefer savanna- like environments to other types of environments. Open areas - scattered trees - water - and uniform grassiness rather than other natural environments such as desert - jungle - and complex mtns.






48. The designs that help people perform optimally are often not the same as the designs that people find most desirable.






49. A technique used to asociate a stimulus with an unconscious physical or emotional response.






50. The ratio of relevant to irrelevant information in a display. The highest possible signal- to- noise ratio is desirable in design.