Test your basic knowledge |

Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The debgree to which prose can be understood - based on the complexity of words and sentences.






2. A method of managing system complexity that involves dividing large systems into multiple - smaller self- contained systems.






3. A tendency to prefer environments with unobstructed views (prospects) and areas of concealment and retreat (refuges).






4. Repeated exposure to stimuli for which people have neutral feelings will increase the likeability of the stimuli.






5. 1) Functionality 2) Reliability 3) Usability 4) Proficiency 5) Creativity. In order for design to be successful - it must meet ppl's basic need before it can attempt to satisfy higher- level needs.






6. Designs should help people avoid errors and minimize the negative consequences of errors when they do occur.






7. An activity will be pursued only if its benefits are equal to or greater than the costs. (ie. How much reading is too much to get the point of a message?)






8. A phenomenon of memory in which items presented at the beginning and end of a list are more likely to be recalled than items in the middle of a list.






9. When participants realise the aim of the study and may change their behaviour to help or disrupt the study.






10. A tendency to see objects and patterns as 3D when certain visual cues are present.






11. A method of presentation in which information is presented in descending order of importance. (Critical information presented first).






12. The process of organizing information into related groupings in order to manage complexity and reinforce relationships in the information.






13. The tendency for people to behave differently when they know they are being studied






14. Given a choice between functionally equivalent designs - the simplest design should be selected.

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15. Elements that are connected by uniform visual properties - such as color - are perceived to be more related than elements that are not connected.






16. 1) Physiological 2) Safety 3) Love 4) Self-Esteem 5) Self-Actualization

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17. Using more elements than is necessary to offset the effects of unknown variables which may cause a system failure.






18. 80% of the effects generated by any large system are caused by 20% of the variables.






19. The process of using spatial and environmental information to navigate to a destination.






20. A tendency to prefer faces in which the eyes - nose - lips and other features are close to the average of a population.






21. Elements that are similar are perceived to be more related than elements that are dissimilar.






22. A phenomenon of memory in which noticeably different things are more likely to be recalled that common things. (AKA Isolation/Novelty Effect)






23. The time required to move to a target is a function of the target size and distance to the target.

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24. The relative ease with which a destination - idea - or concept may be reached.






25. A tendency to interpret shaded or dark areas of an object as shadows resulting from a light source above the object.






26. Tendency to perceive a set of individual elements as a single - recogniable pattern - rather than multiple - individual elements.






27. A technique used to asociate a stimulus with an unconscious physical or emotional response.






28. It is often preferable to settle for a satisfactory solution - rather than pursue an optimal solution.






29. A relationship between variables in a system where the consequences of an event are fed back in order to modify the event in the future.






30. As the flexiblity of a system increases - its usability decreases.






31. Pictures are remembered better than words.






32. A method of illustrating relationships and patterns in system behaviors by representing two or more system variables in a controlled way.






33. The tendency to see attractive people as more intelligent - competent - moral and sociable than unattractive people.






34. A property of visual equivalence among elements in a form.






35. A tendency to interpret ambiguous images as simple and a complete unit - versus complex and incomplete. (Gestalt principle of perception).






36. A phenomenon in which mental processing is made slower and less accurate by competing mental processes.






37. A technique for preventing unintended actions by requiring verification of the actions before they are performed.






38. Hierarchical organization is the simplest structure for visualizing and understanding complexity.






39. An action or ommission of action yielding an unintended result.






40. Beauty in design results from purity of function. Interpreted in 2 ways: A description of beauty or a prescription for beauty.






41. A ratio within the elements of a form - such as height to width - approximating 0.618.






42. Successful products typically follow four stages of creation: requirements - design - development - and testing.






43. Elements that are close together are percieved to be more related than elements that are farther apart.






44. A diagram that describes the general pattern followed by the eyes when looking at evenly distributed - homogeneous information.






45. The level of control provided by a system should be related to the proficiency and experience levels of the people using the system.






46. An ability to detect threatening stimuli more efficiently than nonthreatening stimuli.






47. Patients experience treatment effects based on their belief that a treatment will work.






48. There are three ways to organize materials to support a load or to contain and protect something: Mass structures - frame structures - and shell structures.






49. A phenomenon of memory in which information that is analyzed deeply is better recalled than information that is analyzed superficially.






50. The use of pictorial images to improve the recognition and recall of signs and controls.