Test your basic knowledge |

Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. When participants realise the aim of the study and may change their behaviour to help or disrupt the study.






2. Adjusting parts of a device in relation to each other to create a sense of unity and cohesion.






3. The deliberate use of a weak element that will fail in order to protect other elements in the system from damage.






4. A method of managing system complexity that involves dividing large systems into multiple - smaller self- contained systems.






5. Elements perceived as either figures (objects of focus) or ground (the rest of the perceptual field)






6. A property of visual equivalence among elements in a form.






7. A tendency to prefer environments with unobstructed views (prospects) and areas of concealment and retreat (refuges).






8. An attribute of an object that allows people to intuitively know how to use it






9. A phenomenon of memory in which items presented at the beginning and end of a list are more likely to be recalled than items in the middle of a list.






10. The tendency to perceive objects as unchanging - despite changes in sensory input. (such as perspective - lighting - color or size)






11. The relative ease with which a destination - idea - or concept may be reached.






12. Designs should help people avoid errors and minimize the negative consequences of errors when they do occur.






13. The time it takes to make a decision increases as the number of alternatives increases.

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14. A phenomenon of memory in which noticeably different things are more likely to be recalled that common things. (AKA Isolation/Novelty Effect)






15. A ratio within the elements of a form - such as height to width - approximating 0.618.






16. A point of physical or attentional entry into a design. (Minimal Barriers - Points of Prospect - Progressive Lures)






17. Pictures are remembered better than words.






18. The usability of a system is improved when similar parts are expressed in similar ways.






19. The level of control provided by a system should be related to the proficiency and experience levels of the people using the system.






20. A diagram that describes the general pattern followed by the eyes when looking at evenly distributed - homogeneous information.






21. A technique used to teach a desired behavior by reinforcing increasingly accurate approximations of the behavior.






22. The process of organizing information into related groupings in order to manage complexity and reinforce relationships in the information.






23. Tendency to form an overall positive impression of a person on the basis of one positive characteristic






24. A sequence of numbers in which each number is the sum of the preceding two.






25. The usability of a system is improved when its status and methods of use are clearly visible.






26. A phenomenon in which mental processing is made slower and less accurate by competing mental processes.






27. Repeated exposure to stimuli for which people have neutral feelings will increase the likeability of the stimuli.






28. A term used to describe a set of data - that when plotted - forms a symmetrical - bell- shaped curve.






29. The visual clarity of text - generally based on the size - typeface - contrast - text block - and spacing of the characters used.






30. An activity will be pursued only if its benefits are equal to or greater than the costs. (ie. How much reading is too much to get the point of a message?)






31. A Gestalt law of organization; elements arrange in a straight line or a smooth curve are perceived as a group - and are interpreted as being more related than elements not on the line or curve.






32. A technique used to modify behavior by reinforcing desired behaviors - and ignoring or punishing undesired behaviors.






33. A phenomenon of visual processing in which certain line orientations are more quickly and easily processed and discriminated than other line orientations.






34. Memory for recognizing things is better than memory for recalling things.






35. 1) Functionality 2) Reliability 3) Usability 4) Proficiency 5) Creativity. In order for design to be successful - it must meet ppl's basic need before it can attempt to satisfy higher- level needs.






36. The process of using spatial and environmental information to navigate to a destination.






37. A relationship between variables in a system where the consequences of an event are fed back in order to modify the event in the future.






38. Elements that are connected by uniform visual properties - such as color - are perceived to be more related than elements that are not connected.






39. The distressing state of thought caused by recognizing an inconsistency between behavior/thought and value/belief.






40. A process in which similar characteristics evolve independently in multiple systems.






41. A property in which a form is made up of parts similar to the whole or to one another.






42. An ability to detect threatening stimuli more efficiently than nonthreatening stimuli.






43. A phenomenon of memory in which information that is analyzed deeply is better recalled than information that is analyzed superficially.






44. A relationship between controls and their movements or effects. When th effect corresponds to the expectation - the mapping is considered to be good or natural.






45. Given a choice between functionally equivalent designs - the simplest design should be selected.

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46. Elements that are close together are percieved to be more related than elements that are farther apart.






47. Tendency to perceive a set of individual elements as a single - recogniable pattern - rather than multiple - individual elements.






48. The tendency to see attractive people as more intelligent - competent - moral and sociable than unattractive people.






49. A tendency to interpret shaded or dark areas of an object as shadows resulting from a light source above the object.






50. A method of presentation in which information is presented in descending order of importance. (Critical information presented first).