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Design Principles

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A technique for bringing attention to an area of text or image.






2. A tendency to prefer environments with unobstructed views (prospects) and areas of concealment and retreat (refuges).






3. A process of repeating a set of operation until a specific result is achieved.






4. The time it takes to make a decision increases as the number of alternatives increases.


5. 80% of the effects generated by any large system are caused by 20% of the variables.






6. A method of managing system complexity that involves dividing large systems into multiple - smaller self- contained systems.






7. A method of illustrating relationships and patterns in system behaviors by representing two or more system variables in a controlled way.






8. The designs that help people perform optimally are often not the same as the designs that people find most desirable.






9. A preference for a particular ratio of waist size to hip size in men and women. Men prefer 0.7 in women. Women prefer 0.9 in men.






10. A technique of combining many units of information into a limited number of units or chunks - so that the information is easier to process and remember.






11. People tend to prefer savanna- like environments to other types of environments. Open areas - scattered trees - water - and uniform grassiness rather than other natural environments such as desert - jungle - and complex mtns.






12. Beauty in design results from purity of function. Interpreted in 2 ways: A description of beauty or a prescription for beauty.






13. The level of control provided by a system should be related to the proficiency and experience levels of the people using the system.






14. When participants realise the aim of the study and may change their behaviour to help or disrupt the study.






15. A technique used to modify behavior by reinforcing desired behaviors - and ignoring or punishing undesired behaviors.






16. Pictures are remembered better than words.






17. 1) Physiological 2) Safety 3) Love 4) Self-Esteem 5) Self-Actualization


18. Given a choice between functionally equivalent designs - the simplest design should be selected.


19. There are five ways to organize information: Category - time - location - alphabet - and continuum.






20. A property of visual equivalence among elements in a form.






21. The visual clarity of text - generally based on the size - typeface - contrast - text block - and spacing of the characters used.






22. A sequence of numbers in which each number is the sum of the preceding two.






23. An ability to detect threatening stimuli more efficiently than nonthreatening stimuli.






24. The usability of a system is improved when its status and methods of use are clearly visible.






25. A phenomenon of visual processing in which certain line orientations are more quickly and easily processed and discriminated than other line orientations.






26. Patients experience treatment effects based on their belief that a treatment will work.






27. The tendency to see attractive people as more intelligent - competent - moral and sociable than unattractive people.






28. The process of using spatial and environmental information to navigate to a destination.






29. An attribute of an object that allows people to intuitively know how to use it






30. The usability of a system is improved when similar parts are expressed in similar ways.






31. The tendency for people to behave differently when they know they are being studied






32. The relative ease with which a destination - idea - or concept may be reached.






33. A method of presentation in which information is presented in descending order of importance. (Critical information presented first).






34. A relationship between controls and their movements or effects. When th effect corresponds to the expectation - the mapping is considered to be good or natural.






35. A ratio within the elements of a form - such as height to width - approximating 0.618.






36. An original model on which something is patterned






37. It is often preferable to settle for a satisfactory solution - rather than pursue an optimal solution.






38. Using more elements than is necessary to offset the effects of unknown variables which may cause a system failure.






39. A Gestalt law of organization; elements arrange in a straight line or a smooth curve are perceived as a group - and are interpreted as being more related than elements not on the line or curve.






40. A tendency to interpret ambiguous images as simple and a complete unit - versus complex and incomplete. (Gestalt principle of perception).






41. A tendency to see people and things iwth baby- faced features as more naive - helpless - and honest than those with mature features.






42. Teachers treat students differently based on their expectations of how students will perform.






43. The ratio of face to body in an image that influences the way the person in the image is perceived. (High = intelligent / Low = physical)






44. A method of limiting the actions that can be performed on a system.






45. Adjusting parts of a device in relation to each other to create a sense of unity and cohesion.






46. Designs should help people avoid errors and minimize the negative consequences of errors when they do occur.






47. A tendency to prefer faces in which the eyes - nose - lips and other features are close to the average of a population.






48. A technique that influences decision making and judgement by manipulating the way information is presented.






49. Memory for recognizing things is better than memory for recalling things.






50. A technique used to asociate a stimulus with an unconscious physical or emotional response.






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