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Test your basic knowledge |
Digital Audio
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Toshiba developed digital audio interface utilizes fiber optics as a transmission medium.
TOSLINK
A/D Conversion
Joint Stereo
Significand
2. Algorithm uses matrix of a mid/side microphone pair to determine a side signal & that signal is reduced then distributed as code in stereo
Amplitude Accuracy
Requirements for A/D Conversion
M-S Stereo
Entropy Coding
3. Reference voltage determined by summing the voltage values of a predetermined number of previous samples; Numbers of 1 in row = waveform peak; Numbers of 0 in row = waveform trough; Basis of Sony's Direct Stream Digital (DSD)
Pulse Code Modulation
Peak Level
Pulse Density Modulation
I/O Connection Buffering
4. Describes various optical disc characteristics including the size and shape of the disc - the size of pits - the speed at which the disc spins - and a multitude of aspects regarding the specifications of the player itself
Harry Nyquist
Physical Disc Format
Sampling Theorem
Quantizer
5. Apple Lossless; Windows Media Lossless; DTS HD Master Audio; Dolby True HD; FLAC
Base 2 System
Low-Latency Monitoring
I/O Connection Buffering
Lossless Formats
6. Cable used to transmit data; Inner cable is surrounded by a plastic insulator - which is surrounded by a wire mesh conductor that insulates the internal signal wire from external interference and an outer casing that functions as a ground
Coaxial
Delta-Sigma Modulation
DVD-Audio
Sony-Philips Digital Interface Format (S/PDIF)
7. Digital (binary) measurements of how long each pulse is either on or off; Width of increasing voltage or decreasing voltage is assigned a 1 or 0 respectively
Recording Levels
Pulse Width Modulation
Gain Staging
Codec
8. Having a repeated succession of waves or curves as in a sound waveform
Sinusoidal
Anti-Imaging Filter
Compression
Spectrum Multiplication
9. Specific set of instructions for carrying out a data reduction technique that determines how to 'save' binary data information efficiently
Algorithm
Conversion Buffering
Dolby 7.1
Blu-Ray
10. Used when the reference pressure of a sound is 20 microPa (0.00002); Sound Pressure Level; Measure of amplitude
Decimation Filter
Coaxial
DVD-10
dB/SPL
11. (AES/EBU); 110O - 2- channel balanced digital audio cable with an XLR connection; NOT a mic cable!!
AES3
Photoreceptor
Requirements for A/D Conversion
Stapedes Reflex
12. Also known as equal loudness curves; Graph that indicates the average ear sensitivity to different frequencies at different SPL levels (as volume increases - these curves flatten out)
Bit Rate
Fourier Series
Multichannel Audio Digital Interface (MADI)
Fletcher- Munson Curve
13. French mathematician that noted that any complex sound can be broken down into a series of component pure tones
Joseph Fourier
Anti-Aliasing Filter
Footroom
DVD-Audio
14. Number of bits used to represent the smallest unit of information in an audio file; Greater bit depth = better quality audio
Sample- and-Hold
Bit Depth
Fidelity
D/A Conversion Signal Flow
15. Snippets of time in which frequency analysis takes place in a perceptual codec
Frames
Constant Bit Rate
Stapedes Reflex
Amplitude Accuracy
16. Measure of sound pressure over the frequency spectrum - for which a listener perceives a constant loudness when presented with pure steady tones
Equal Loudness Contour
I/O Connection Buffering
Constant Bit Rate
Gain Staging
17. Number or variable that represents the number of times the base of a power is used as a factor; Defines magnitude
Micron
Codec
Aliasing
Exponent
18. Decibels Full Scale
Motion Pictures Experts Group
dBFS
A/D Conversion
0 dB FS
19. Very quiet digital amplifier that produces a series of output pulses with the audio signal coded the same as the width of the output pulses; Pulses are used to represent wave forms and are either on or off; Intense signals have long pulses with short
Class - D Amplifier
Decimal- to-Binary Conversion
Successive Approximation
Lossless
20. VBR; Most common & best data reduction technique; Codecs that encode data by determining how dense or sparse areas of the audio are; Can result in buffering issues
Amplitude Accuracy
Pass Band
Exponent
Variable Bit Rate
21. 8.75 GB; DS/SL
DVD-10
Additive Synthesis...
Foldover
Pass Band
22. Mixing data and control characters in a single operation
Interleaved
Joseph Fourier
AES3
Intensity
23. A situation where a calculated value cannot fit into the number of digits reserved for it
Lossless
Bit Rate
Overflow
Direct Monitoring
24. A drive that can read and write on optical media that hold up to 50 GB on two layers; 24- bit/96 kHz for 8-Channel; 24- bit/192 kHz for 6-Channel
Blu-Ray
Convolution
Significand
Intensity
25. 8- in/8- out on one cable; 25- pin D- sub connector
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
Nanometer
Lossy
PCM
26. Circuit that seizes voltage values with each tick of an A/D device's internal clock
Frames
Successive Approximation
Sample- and-Hold
Intensity Stereo
27. Method of representing an acoustic quantity with a series of binary numbers; Can have only specific individually distinct values
Digital
Audio Engineering Society
Sonogram
Bit Depth Effect on Dynamic Range
28. Sony and Philips optical disc format; Utilizes sigma delta DSD to offer higher resolution; 1- bit; 2.8224 MHz; 6-Channel
SACD
Quantization Intervals
Storage Conversion Steps
Optical Cable
29. Signal that uses variable voltage to create continuous waves resulting in an inexact transmission
Compression
Sawtooth Wave
Analog
Oversampling
30. Based on Full Scale (dB/FS); -6dB represents a loss of one bit so account for this when calculating
X-Axis Terminology
DVD-Audio
Effective Bit Depth
Sine Wave
31. More accuracy in low amplitudes and less in higher amplitudes
0 dB FS
Amplitude Accuracy
Effective Bit Depth
Inter-Channel Redundancy
32. AAC (Advanced Audio Coding); MP3; RA; WMA; OGG Vorbis; Dolby Digital/AC-3; DTS; ADPCM
Lossy Formats
Pulse Code Modulation
Harmonic Content
Motion Pictures Experts Group
33. Ultra low- latency - 512- channel (on a gigabit network) - less flexible AoE format; Routed like audio cables...not network cables
Pulse Density Modulation
Buffering
EtherSound
Pad Head & Tail
34. Eliminates frequencies above the Nyquist limit from becoming samples; Occurs prior to quantization
Stapedes Reflex
Recording Levels
Optical Cable
Anti-Aliasing Filter
35. Removes high frequency images and noise and smoothes the stair case output coming from of the sample and hold circuit; Also called a SMOOTHING FILTER
Audio Engineering Society
Morse Code
Anti-Imaging Filter
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
36. Found that aliasing was always a problem no matter how fast you sample; Less data recorded but more accurate; 2 samples per wave length.
dB/SPL
Interpolation Filter
Harry Nyquist
Dynamic Range
37. How Loud (Y-Axis) & How Fast (X-Axis)
Overflow
TOSLINK
2 Dimensions of Sound
Successive Approximation
38. 1st commercially successful AoE format for the transmission of digital audio - video - and control signals over 64- channel 100Mbps Ethernet networks
Threshold of Pain
Transfer Protocol
CobraNet
Variable Bit Rate
39. 16-Bit; 44.1 kHz; PCM; Stereo
M-S Stereo
A/D Conversion
Harry Nyquist
Requirements for CD Audio
40. Circuit that interprets the meaning of the symbols as they were chosen and arranged by the encode
Decoder
Oscillation
dBFS
Playback Buffering
41. Industry Standards: -6 dB Peak = -20 RMS Meter
Recording Levels
DVD-9
Buffering Locations
Convolution
42. The set of rules that computers use to move files from one computer to another on an internet
Direct Monitoring
Storage Conversion Steps
Transfer Protocol
Quantization
43. Data is transmitted over fiber optic lines; Uses a TOSLINK connecter instead of an RCA type; Can transmit multi- channel audio; Not susceptible to ground hum and loops; Able to support far higher rates of data transfer over greater distances than coa
European Broadcasting Union
Pulse Width Modulation
Optical Cable
Index of Reflectivity
44. Data reduction technique that does not effect quality of original audio; No effect on original quality; Typically around 50% reduction; Exact reconstruction of digital code for the audio signal
Oversampling
Logical Format
Pulse Code Modulation
Lossless
45. Unit of measurement that is equal to one millionth of a meter
Decimal- to-Binary Conversion
Oversampling
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
Micron
46. Unit of measurement that is equal to one billionth of a meter
Pass Band
Recording Levels
Nanometer
Pulse Width Modulation
47. Based on psychoacoustics - these are the basis of frequency analysis for a perceptual codec;
Sony-Philips Digital Interface Format (S/PDIF)
dB/FS
Subbands
Pass Band
48. RAM holds in memory audio data before it is transferred to the memory controller; Certain amount of data is processed before large amounts of data are streamed to prevent latency
Buffering
Quantizer
Frequency
Foldover
49. The loudest point of a Full Scale system
Sawtooth Wave
Latency
0 dB FS
DVD-18
50. Visual graph that shows how loud a sound is at different frequencies
Transfer Protocol
Dynamic Range
DVD-Audio
Sonogram