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Test your basic knowledge |
Digital Audio
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. (Amplitude Based) Amplitude: Voltage; Quantization; Bit Depth; Quantization Intervals; Quantization Noise; [Signal:Quantization Noise Ratio]; Dither; Dynamic Range
Y-Axis Terminology
Quantization Error
EtherSound
Harmonic Content
2. Six channel (five speakers and one subwoofer for bass) digital surround sound system by Dolby
SCMS
Sine Wave
Dolby 5.1
Decimation Filter
3. Based on Full Scale (dB/FS); -6dB represents a loss of one bit so account for this when calculating
Oversampling
Effective Bit Depth
Decimation Filter
Significand
4. Take up half as many bits (50%); Algorithm can keep same quality by lossing the stereo track
X-Axis Terminology
MONO
Interpolation Filter
Sawtooth Wave
5. Very quiet digital amplifier that produces a series of output pulses with the audio signal coded the same as the width of the output pulses; Pulses are used to represent wave forms and are either on or off; Intense signals have long pulses with short
Footroom
Class - D Amplifier
Sample Rate
Decoder
6. Industry Standards: -6 dB Peak = -20 RMS Meter
Noise Shaping
Acoustics
Recording Levels
Decimation Filter
7. Voltage -> Dither -> Anti-Aliasing (Low Pass Filter) -> Sample & Hold Circuit -> Successive Approximation/Quantizer --) 100111010 (PCM Audio File)
Storage Conversion Steps
Lightpipe
Additive Synthesis...
A/D Conversion Signal Flow
8. French mathematician that noted that any complex sound can be broken down into a series of component pure tones
Optical Cable
Perceptual Coding
Joseph Fourier
Sampling Theorem
9. Amplitude meter that takes the square root of all instantaneous amplitudes and averages them to find a mean and squares that value; Useful with particularly complex waveforms
2 Dimensions of Sound
RMS Meter
DVD-14
X-Axis Terminology
10. When recording you want the smallest buffer available; When mixing you want the largest buffer available
Gain Staging
Digital Signal Processing
Internal Resolution
Buffer Size
11. In order to play multiple channels at one time data is buffered as read to disk; Latency happens between play command & beginning of playback
Playback Buffering
Lossless
Floating Point
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
12. Ratio of magnitude of the analytical signal to the magnitude of the background noise signal
Optical Cable
D/A Conversion
Convolution
Signal- to- Noise Ratio
13. Method of sampling data at a higher resolution (higher sample rate) as a means of reducing harmonic content during D/A conversion; (x2) oversampling gets rid of all odd harmonic content
Codec
Bit Depth
Delta-Sigma Modulation
Oversampling
14. 'Capturing' part of digital audio; Never captures a signal perfectly
Requirements for A/D Conversion
Sonogram
Edit Decision List
A/D Conversion
15. Used as the main disc from which other discs are made; Composed of ground glass with a very fine photoresistor layer; An imaging laser burns pit and land patterns in preparation for duplication
Coaxial
Lossless
Glass Master
Playback Buffering
16. The frequency above or below which attenuation begins in a filter circuit
Cutoff Frequency
Exponent
Impulse Response
6 dB
17. Allows for an internal sample rate at multiples of the input and output rates; Alleviates the need for steep 'brickwall' filters; Often combined with internal '1- bit' processing; Increases smoothing effect
Oversampling
Buffer Size
Constant Bit Rate
Sample Rate
18. Uses entropy coding as the basis; Computer data compression algorithm that packages files such as .ZIP & .RAR
Direct Stream Digital
Edit Decision List
Data Packing
Exponent
19. A drive that can read and write on optical media that hold up to 50 GB on two layers; 24- bit/96 kHz for 8-Channel; 24- bit/192 kHz for 6-Channel
Decimal- to-Binary Conversion
Blu-Ray
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
Additive Synthesis...
20. Fractional part of a floating- point number; Also called the mantissa; Defines precision
Normalizing
Buffering Locations
Significand
Glass Master
21. Visual graph that shows how loud a sound is at different frequencies
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
Blu-Ray
Sonogram
6 dB
22. ADPCM; Pulse code modulation that produces a digital signal with a lower bit rate than standard PCM; Records only the difference between samples
Intensity Stereo
Buffer Size
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
Frames
23. Playback; I/O Connections; CPU (Streaming); Conversion from DAW or Software
Algorithm
Footroom
Perceptual Coding
Buffering Locations
24. Computer program or device capable of encoding and/or decoding a digital data stream with the end result being a reduced file size
Claude Shannon
Constant Bit Rate
Codec
Joseph Fourier
25. Circuit that interprets the meaning of the symbols as they were chosen and arranged by the encode
Footroom
Decoder
Dithering
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
26. Deviation from a normal - steady pulse or tick of a clock that contributes to misrepresentation of a signal; Result of small timing irregularities that become magnified during the transmission of digital signals as the signals are passed from one dev
Subbands
Jitter
SCMS
Delta-Sigma Modulation
27. Increases or decreases the digital signal so that the loudest sample is brought up to 0dBfs; Uses all bits from dynamic range and makes it even from track to track
Masking Analysis...
Ethernet
Normalizing
Threshold of Hearing
28. Signal that uses variable voltage to create continuous waves resulting in an inexact transmission
Low-Latency Monitoring
Analog
DVD-9
Pulse Density Modulation
29. ADAT Optcal; 8- in/8- out on two cables; Fiber- optic - TOSLINK connector
Lightpipe
Claude Shannon
A/D Conversion
Dynamic Range
30. Method used in digital recording and reproduction in which a signal is sampled at various points and the resulting value is translated into binary numbers
Pulse Code Modulation
Y-Axis Terminology
Coaxial
Base 2 System
31. A digital filter's time domain output sequence when the input is a single sample is input
Sawtooth Wave
TOSLINK
Buffer Size
Impulse Response
32. Measures the highest levels of a signal being recorded or mixed; Monitors for clipping - which occurs at 0dBFS); Does not always reflect perceived volume of signal
Lossless
Rarefaction
dB/SPL
Peak Level
33. Measure of the amplitude of a longitudinal wave
Recording Levels
Sinusoidal
Intensity
Sample- and-Hold
34. Unit of measurement that is equal to one millionth of a meter
Micron
Blu-Ray
Signal- to- Noise Ratio
Lossless
35. A sample- by- sample operation on two signals
Convolution
Sony-Philips Digital Interface Format (S/PDIF)
Class - D Amplifier
Psychoacoustics
36. The process of reducing the space required to store data by efficiently encoding the content.
Pad Head & Tail
Ethernet
Compression
Amplitude Accuracy
37. A time regulator that makes all samples and bits to align when working with interconnected digital devices; Basically a signal that all of the digital devices refer to when operating.
Normalizing
Sampling (Samples)
Word Clock
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
38. Difference in brightness between land and pit on a CD Physical Format
Decoder
Index of Reflectivity
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
Harry Nyquist
39. Digital Word -> Series of Resistors (each with assigned charges) -> Sample- and-Hold Circuit -> Anti-Imaging Filter (Smoothing Filter) -> Reconstructed Sample
Intensity
D/A Conversion Signal Flow
Sawtooth Wave
X-Axis Terminology
40. Multi-Bit Words; (Pulse Code Modulation)
D/A Conversion Signal Flow
Blu-Ray
PCM
Motion Pictures Experts Group
41. The elapsed time it takes for a packet of data to arrive at its destination; Lagging or pause of an audio signal as digital processing occurs; Can be managed utilizing several forms of 'audio monitoring'
Storage Conversion Steps
Convolution
Sonogram
Latency
42. The continuous loss of signal strengths as a signal travels through a medium
Sinusoidal
Attenuation
M-S Stereo
Frequency
43. 4.38 GB; SS/SL
Harmonic Content
Pass Band
Buffer Size
DVD-5
44. Contains all even and odd harmonics associated with a fundamental tone - making it a rich source for modeling other sounds; Amplitude of each overtone decreases exponentially as a ratio of the harmonic's frequency to that of the fundamental
Sawtooth Wave
Harry Nyquist
DVD-Audio
Bit Rate
45. Low Pressure; Part in a longitudinal wave where the particles are spread apart
Aliasing
Sample Rate Effect on Anti-Aliasing
Compression
Rarefaction
46. MPEG; Standardizing body of audio coding
Signal- to- Noise Ratio
Intensity Stereo
Motion Pictures Experts Group
Sampling Theorem
47. Splits the input signal and mixes it with an analog copy so that no latency is present
Morse Code
Peak Level
Zero-Latency Monitoring
Pass Band
48. Algorithm uses matrix of a mid/side microphone pair to determine a side signal & that signal is reduced then distributed as code in stereo
Photoreceptor
Latency
M-S Stereo
Optical Cable
49. Used when the reference pressure of a sound is 20 microPa (0.00002); Sound Pressure Level; Measure of amplitude
Glass Master
dB/SPL
Sampling Rule
Zero-Latency Monitoring
50. Subtract place values from the decimal number and place ones or zeros in the correct places
Frames
M-S Stereo
Claude Shannon
Decimal- to-Binary Conversion