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Digital Audio

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The difference in volume between the loudest and quietest sounds of a source






2. Circuit that seizes voltage values with each tick of an A/D device's internal clock






3. 4.38 GB; SS/SL






4. Defines the number of sample per second taken from a continuous signal to make a discrete signal; Governs the frequency response of digital audio






5. High channel count; 64 channels on one cable; Coaxial cable with BNC connector or fiber optic with ST1 connector






6. Describes various optical disc characteristics including the size and shape of the disc - the size of pits - the speed at which the disc spins - and a multitude of aspects regarding the specifications of the player itself






7. Ultra low- latency - 512- channel (on a gigabit network) - less flexible AoE format; Routed like audio cables...not network cables






8. As sample rate is increased more room is created for a smoother slope of the attenuation band because Nyquist limit extends well beyond range of hearing with each increase






9. Process of building a complex tone by starting with the fundamental frequency and adding pure tone harmonics






10. More aggressive lossy data reduction techniques that require further manipulation of the stereo field; Examples are 'Intensity' & 'M-S'






11. Take up half as many bits (50%); Algorithm can keep same quality by lossing the stereo track






12. Process that begins with a fast FFT analysis of the spectra of two input signals - then the multiplication of like frequencies - and IFFT to finalize the process






13. Method of sampling data at a higher resolution (higher sample rate) as a means of reducing harmonic content during D/A conversion; (x2) oversampling gets rid of all odd harmonic content






14. Signal that uses variable voltage to create continuous waves resulting in an inexact transmission






15. A drive that can read and write on optical media that hold up to 50 GB on two layers; 24- bit/96 kHz for 8-Channel; 24- bit/192 kHz for 6-Channel






16. Data reduction technique that selectively removes original information in order to significantly reduce the file size; Some data is lost; Files can be reduced up to 99% in size (90% with no perceived sound quality loss); Bit rate effects the perceive






17. Same as 'aliasing'






18. High Pressure - Part of a longitudinal wave where the particles of the medium are close together






19. The art of deciding where to place a processor in signal flow based on how that processor will be influenced by the other processors in the path






20. Amplitude meter that takes the square root of all instantaneous amplitudes and averages them to find a mean and squares that value; Useful with particularly complex waveforms






21. Occurs as data is assembled into meaningful bits or information and as left & right channels are separated






22. More accuracy in low amplitudes and less in higher amplitudes






23. 12.33 GB; DS/ML






24. Level above which audible sounds are painful (125 - 130 db)






25. Discrete incremental distinctions made between the value of one sample and the next; Breaks down bit depth into a series of evenly spaced intervals






26. Data reduction technique that does not effect quality of original audio; No effect on original quality; Typically around 50% reduction; Exact reconstruction of digital code for the audio signal






27. Measuring equipment in A/D conversion that processes voltage and provides a value for that voltage






28. Ratio of magnitude of the analytical signal to the magnitude of the background noise signal






29. Digital Word -> Series of Resistors (each with assigned charges) -> Sample- and-Hold Circuit -> Anti-Imaging Filter (Smoothing Filter) -> Reconstructed Sample






30. Playback; I/O Connections; CPU (Streaming); Conversion from DAW or Software






31. Digital (binary) measurements of how long each pulse is either on or off; Width of increasing voltage or decreasing voltage is assigned a 1 or 0 respectively






32. Sum of all harmonics; Sum of sine and cosine waves which have frequencies f - 2f - 3f - 4f...






33. Samples are duplicated and the playback sampling rate correspondingly increased; Significantly raises the Nyquist limit to a range well beyond human hearing; Processing 'pushes' the distortion resulting from quantization error into these higher frequ






34. 8- in/8- out on one cable; 25- pin D- sub connector






35. Difference in brightness between land and pit on a CD Physical Format






36. Twice as many samples as the highest frequency at minimum; Sampling rate totally controls frequency response






37. Data transmission protocol over which computer network traffic travels; Poorly suited to real- time transmission but numerous attempts have been made to harness the technology because of its flexible routing; Uses simple Cat5 cabling; Resists interfe






38. Used as the main disc from which other discs are made; Composed of ground glass with a very fine photoresistor layer; An imaging laser burns pit and land patterns in preparation for duplication






39. MPEG; Standardizing body of audio coding






40. Reduces the percieved distortion due to quantization error; Low level white noise source is introduced to make the profile of the quantization 'noise' more irregular; Useful when reducing the number of bits per word in a signal (i.e. when converting






41. Measurement at regular intervals of the amplitude of a varying waveform (in order to convert it to digital form); There must be a minimum of 2 samples for each cycle in a waveform






42. Have odd numbered harmonics






43. HD Audio format; Lossless Compression; 24- bit/96 kHz; 5.1 Surround or 24- bit / 192 kHz stereo sound






44. A sample- by- sample operation on two signals






45. The more bits allocated during quantization - the more accurate the measurement






46. Mixing data and control characters in a single operation






47. Branch of psychology concerned with the subjective perception of sound






48. Root Mean Square; Refers to taking the square root of all instantaneous amplitudes; Takes the average of those squares; (-6 Peak Level is approximately equal to -20 RMS)






49. Allows for an internal sample rate at multiples of the input and output rates; Alleviates the need for steep 'brickwall' filters; Often combined with internal '1- bit' processing; Increases smoothing effect






50. Rate at which energy is drawn from a source that produces a flow of electricity in a circuit; Expressed in volts







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