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Test your basic knowledge |
Digital Audio
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Describes various optical disc characteristics including the size and shape of the disc - the size of pits - the speed at which the disc spins - and a multitude of aspects regarding the specifications of the player itself
Digital
Morse Code
Physical Disc Format
TOSLINK
2. Snippets of time in which frequency analysis takes place in a perceptual codec
Class - D Amplifier
Threshold of Pain
Inter-Channel Redundancy
Frames
3. EBU
Rarefaction
European Broadcasting Union
DVD-9
Overflow
4. Leaving space at beginning and ending of song for data crunching during mastering; Last step in mastering process
Pad Head & Tail
Overflow
Threshold of Pain
Cutoff Frequency
5. Multi-Bit Words; (Pulse Code Modulation)
Bit Depth Effect on Dynamic Range
PCM
Algorithm
Bit Depth
6. Ratio of magnitude of the analytical signal to the magnitude of the background noise signal
Attenuation
Signal- to- Noise Ratio
Sampling Theorem
Decoder
7. Lossless Format; Can hold up to 25GB on a single- layer disc and 50GB on a dual- layer disc
MONO
Oversampling
Morse Code
Blu-Ray
8. RAM holds in memory audio data before it is transferred to the memory controller; Certain amount of data is processed before large amounts of data are streamed to prevent latency
EtherSound
Entropy Coding
Algorithm
Buffering
9. How Loud (Y-Axis) & How Fast (X-Axis)
Low-Latency Monitoring
Noise Shaping
Quantizer
2 Dimensions of Sound
10. A method of representing real numbers using a mantissa and an exponent
Dithering
Stapedes Reflex
Floating Point
Playback Buffering
11. 'Reconstructing' part of digital audio
Oversampling
D/A Conversion
DVD-Audio
Sampling Theorem
12. 15.9 GB; DS/DL
Ethernet
Headroom Bits
DVD-18
Conversion Buffering
13. Also known as equal loudness curves; Graph that indicates the average ear sensitivity to different frequencies at different SPL levels (as volume increases - these curves flatten out)
Fletcher- Munson Curve
Audio Engineering Society
CobraNet
DVD-5
14. Anytime bit depth is reduced the gap gets bigger so more dithering is required
Joint Stereo
Footroom
D/A Conversion Signal Flow
Redither
15. 1.) Bit Rate x Sample Rate (you'll get b/sec) 2.) Multiply by 60 if converting seconds to minutes 3.) Divide by 8 to convert bits to Bytes and get B/min 4.) Divide by 1 -024 to get KB/min and keep doing it until you get desired bit rate specification
Storage Conversion Steps
Codec
Conversion Buffering
Y-Axis Terminology
16. A frequency specified for a filter (digital or electronic) the marks the point at which the frequency content of a signal is altered +/- 3dB
Quantizer
Joint Stereo
Playback Buffering
Cutoff Frequency
17. The ability of a digital system to perform complex DSP without running into problems with overflow or loss of resolution
SACD
Internal Resolution
Speed of Sound
Delta-Sigma Modulation
18. Sum of all harmonics; Sum of sine and cosine waves which have frequencies f - 2f - 3f - 4f...
DVD-9
Fourier Series
Aliasing
Decimation Filter
19. The set of rules that computers use to move files from one computer to another on an internet
Logical Format
Analog
Quantization Error
Transfer Protocol
20. (Time Based) Frequency: Aliasing; Anti-Aliasing Filter; Sample Rate; Nyquist Limit
Multichannel Audio Digital Interface (MADI)
X-Axis Terminology
Dynamic Range
DVD-10
21. Difference in brightness between land and pit on a CD Physical Format
Oversampling
Intensity
Index of Reflectivity
D/A Conversion
22. A situation where a calculated value cannot fit into the number of digits reserved for it
Frames
Floating Point
Overflow
Amplitude Accuracy
23. Take up half as many bits (50%); Algorithm can keep same quality by lossing the stereo track
Ethernet
Playback Buffering
Digital Signal Processing
MONO
24. Twice as many samples as the highest frequency at minimum; Sampling rate totally controls frequency response
RMS
Attenuation
Sample- and-Hold
Sampling Rule
25. Only 2 digits used; The value of each place (ones - hundreds - etc.) are as follows from greatest to least: 128 - 64 - 32 - 16 - 8 - 4 - 2 - 1
Y-Axis Terminology
Dithering
Base 2 System
TOSLINK
26. Ultra low- latency - 512- channel (on a gigabit network) - less flexible AoE format; Routed like audio cables...not network cables
Masking Analysis...
RMS
Lossy Formats
EtherSound
27. Signal conversions are mixed with playback tracks resulting in near-zero latency
Dithering
Pulse Code Modulation
Direct Monitoring
Footroom
28. Reference voltage determined by summing the voltage values of a predetermined number of previous samples; Numbers of 1 in row = waveform peak; Numbers of 0 in row = waveform trough; Basis of Sony's Direct Stream Digital (DSD)
Pulse Density Modulation
Pulse Code Modulation
Headroom Bits
Quantization Error
29. Contains all even and odd harmonics associated with a fundamental tone - making it a rich source for modeling other sounds; Amplitude of each overtone decreases exponentially as a ratio of the harmonic's frequency to that of the fundamental
DVD-Audio
Fourier Series
Lossless
Sawtooth Wave
30. ADAT Optcal; 8- in/8- out on two cables; Fiber- optic - TOSLINK connector
Lightpipe
Interleaved
Masking Analysis...
Sampling (Samples)
31. Toshiba developed digital audio interface utilizes fiber optics as a transmission medium.
TOSLINK
Multichannel Audio Digital Interface (MADI)
Amplitude Accuracy
Frequency
32. Removes high frequency images and noise and smoothes the stair case output coming from of the sample and hold circuit; Also called a SMOOTHING FILTER
Sampling Rule
Headroom Bits
Anti-Imaging Filter
Audio over Ethernet (AoE)
33. Measure of sound pressure over the frequency spectrum - for which a listener perceives a constant loudness when presented with pure steady tones
Quantization Intervals
Digital Signal Processing
Interpolation Filter
Equal Loudness Contour
34. Joint-Stereo Technique; Since the human brain is unable to localize sounds at high frequencies well sounds above 9 kHz threshold are encoded in mono
Decoder
TOSLINK
Sample- and-Hold
Intensity Stereo
35. The mathematics - algorithms - and the techniques used to manipulate signals after they have been converted to digital form
Headroom Bits
Digital Signal Processing
AES3
Lossy
36. Measuring equipment in A/D conversion that processes voltage and provides a value for that voltage
Digital
Cutoff Frequency
Multichannel Audio Digital Interface (MADI)
Quantizer
37. Describes acceptable data - performances both offered and essential for a disc player - and the complete user experience
Exponent
Constant Bit Rate
Logical Format
Direct Stream Digital
38. Signal voltage is relayed to a register from sample- and - hold circuit; Holds reference frequencies in binary form that decrease in value; Finds approximated value & assigns binary number accordingly
Successive Approximation
Pulse Density Modulation
Fidelity
Inter-Channel Redundancy
39. Digital Word -> Series of Resistors (each with assigned charges) -> Sample- and-Hold Circuit -> Anti-Imaging Filter (Smoothing Filter) -> Reconstructed Sample
A/D Conversion Signal Flow
D/A Conversion Signal Flow
EtherSound
Pulse Width Modulation
40. A drive that can read and write on optical media that hold up to 50 GB on two layers; 24- bit/96 kHz for 8-Channel; 24- bit/192 kHz for 6-Channel
Exponent
Blu-Ray
Voltage
Quantization Intervals
41. Allows for an internal sample rate at multiples of the input and output rates; Alleviates the need for steep 'brickwall' filters; Often combined with internal '1- bit' processing; Increases smoothing effect
Decimation Filter
Oversampling
Digital
RMS
42. Data is transmitted over fiber optic lines; Uses a TOSLINK connecter instead of an RCA type; Can transmit multi- channel audio; Not susceptible to ground hum and loops; Able to support far higher rates of data transfer over greater distances than coa
Dolby 5.1
Optical Cable
Psychoacoustics
MONO
43. Channels are processed one at a time and the results are stored on multiple CPU buffers that alternately send data as DAW requests the data for playback; First few seconds are relayed to the buffer prior to processing and playback and it continuously
DVD-18
CPU Buffering
Intensity Stereo
Optical Cable
44. Used when the reference pressure of a sound is 20 microPa (0.00002); Sound Pressure Level; Measure of amplitude
dB/SPL
Bit Rate
Gain Staging
Lossless Formats
45. Process that begins with a fast FFT analysis of the spectra of two input signals - then the multiplication of like frequencies - and IFFT to finalize the process
Jitter
Spectrum Multiplication
Direct Monitoring
AoE Formats
46. Digital (binary) measurements of how long each pulse is either on or off; Width of increasing voltage or decreasing voltage is assigned a 1 or 0 respectively
Digital
Pulse Width Modulation
0 dB FS
Oversampling
47. Fractional part of a floating- point number; Also called the mantissa; Defines precision
Rarefaction
Significand
Micron
AoE Formats
48. Root Mean Square; Refers to taking the square root of all instantaneous amplitudes; Takes the average of those squares; (-6 Peak Level is approximately equal to -20 RMS)
Headroom Bits
RMS
6 dB
Sonogram
49. Low Pressure; Part in a longitudinal wave where the particles are spread apart
Inter-Channel Redundancy
Rarefaction
Motion Pictures Experts Group
Dithering
50. Cable used to transmit data; Inner cable is surrounded by a plastic insulator - which is surrounded by a wire mesh conductor that insulates the internal signal wire from external interference and an outer casing that functions as a ground
Sonogram
Ethernet
Coaxial
Amplitude Accuracy