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Test your basic knowledge |
Digital Audio
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Process that begins with a fast FFT analysis of the spectra of two input signals - then the multiplication of like frequencies - and IFFT to finalize the process
Convolution
Successive Approximation
Spectrum Multiplication
Sinusoidal
2. RAM holds in memory audio data before it is transferred to the memory controller; Certain amount of data is processed before large amounts of data are streamed to prevent latency
MONO
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
Buffering
Buffer Size
3. Stores only one copy of a stereo signal and assigns it to both channels in order to save 50% of original bandwidth
Subbands
Latency
Inter-Channel Redundancy
Sample Rate Effect on Anti-Aliasing
4. Lossless Format; Can hold up to 25GB on a single- layer disc and 50GB on a dual- layer disc
Blu-Ray
Interpolation Filter
Index of Reflectivity
Stapedes Reflex
5. A method of representing real numbers using a mantissa and an exponent
Inter-Channel Redundancy
DVD-Audio
Floating Point
Significand
6. VBR; Most common & best data reduction technique; Codecs that encode data by determining how dense or sparse areas of the audio are; Can result in buffering issues
Delta-Sigma Modulation
Class - D Amplifier
Variable Bit Rate
Decimation Filter
7. Measuring equipment in A/D conversion that processes voltage and provides a value for that voltage
Redither
A/D Conversion Signal Flow
Subbands
Quantizer
8. 4.38 GB; SS/SL
Decoder
DVD-5
Data Packing
AoE Formats
9. Circuit that seizes voltage values with each tick of an A/D device's internal clock
Convolution
Sample- and-Hold
Recording Levels
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
10. Level above which audible sounds are painful (125 - 130 db)
Threshold of Pain
Quantization Intervals
X-Axis Terminology
Entropy Coding
11. Data reduction technique that selectively removes original information in order to significantly reduce the file size; Some data is lost; Files can be reduced up to 99% in size (90% with no perceived sound quality loss); Bit rate effects the perceive
Entropy Coding
Conversion Buffering
Lossy
Zero-Latency Monitoring
12. Six channel (five speakers and one subwoofer for bass) digital surround sound system by Dolby
Bit Rate
Lossless Formats
Pulse Density Modulation
Dolby 5.1
13. Inner ear component that attaches to the stapes and helps to decrease the amplitude of vibrations; Causes the masking phenomenon
Stapedes Reflex
Threshold of Hearing
Resolution
Data Packing
14. 'Capturing' part of digital audio; Never captures a signal perfectly
Voltage
Pulse Code Modulation
A/D Conversion
Interleaved
15. More aggressive lossy data reduction techniques that require further manipulation of the stereo field; Examples are 'Intensity' & 'M-S'
Lightpipe
Cutoff Frequency
Joint Stereo
Headroom Bits
16. Most significant lossless coding technique in current use; Measure of disorder in which long strings of data are represented by short symbols and uses the shortest symbols to represent the most common repetitive audio data maximizing data reduction
Harry Nyquist
Entropy Coding
Sample Rate Effect on Anti-Aliasing
Anti-Imaging Filter
17. Occurs as data is assembled into meaningful bits or information and as left & right channels are separated
Logical Format
I/O Connection Buffering
Blu-Ray
Frames
18. Ultra low- latency - 512- channel (on a gigabit network) - less flexible AoE format; Routed like audio cables...not network cables
Peak Level
Pulse Density Modulation
dB/SPL
EtherSound
19. Decibels Full Scale
Index of Reflectivity
Storage Conversion Steps
TOSLINK
dBFS
20. Increases D/A sample rate from nominal rate to oversampling rate by turning series multi- bit PCM samples into 1- bit samples; (ex. => 44.1kHz sample rate converted to 2.8MHz and simultaneously converts multi- bit samples to 1- bit); Low Pass Filter
Optical Cable
A/D Conversion Signal Flow
Interpolation Filter
Compression
21. Branch of psychology concerned with the subjective perception of sound
Exponent
Psychoacoustics
DVD-18
2 Dimensions of Sound
22. Allows for an internal sample rate at multiples of the input and output rates; Alleviates the need for steep 'brickwall' filters; Often combined with internal '1- bit' processing; Increases smoothing effect
Amplitude Accuracy
Oversampling
Blu-Ray
Attenuation
23. Low Pressure; Part in a longitudinal wave where the particles are spread apart
Micron
Rarefaction
Speed of Sound
Photoreceptor
24. A sample- by- sample operation on two signals
Latency
Class - D Amplifier
Convolution
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
25. 8- in/8- out on one cable; 25- pin D- sub connector
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
Masking Analysis...
Compression
M-S Stereo
26. 16-Bit; 44.1 kHz; PCM; Stereo
CobraNet
Harmonic Content
M-S Stereo
Requirements for CD Audio
27. Digital (binary) measurements of how long each pulse is either on or off; Width of increasing voltage or decreasing voltage is assigned a 1 or 0 respectively
Red Book
Ethernet
Pulse Width Modulation
Bit Depth
28. EDL; Final list of samples used in the audio editing process; Identified by time code
Edit Decision List
Internal Resolution
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
Buffering Locations
29. Unit of measurement that is equal to one millionth of a meter
Micron
Sampling Rule
Digital
Floating Point
30. Overtones that contribute to the timbre of a sound and make up a complex waveform's physical characteristics
Harmonic Content
Acoustics
Perceptual Coding
Optical Cable
31. Data is transmitted over fiber optic lines; Uses a TOSLINK connecter instead of an RCA type; Can transmit multi- channel audio; Not susceptible to ground hum and loops; Able to support far higher rates of data transfer over greater distances than coa
Optical Cable
Bit Rate
Pulse Code Modulation
Nyquist Frequency
32. Joint-Stereo Technique; Since the human brain is unable to localize sounds at high frequencies well sounds above 9 kHz threshold are encoded in mono
M-S Stereo
AES3
SCMS
Intensity Stereo
33. Based on psychoacoustics - these are the basis of frequency analysis for a perceptual codec;
Quantization Error
Subbands
Interpolation Filter
Lossless Formats
34. Mixing data and control characters in a single operation
Conversion Buffering
Interleaved
Physical Disc Format
TOSLINK
35. Also known as equal loudness curves; Graph that indicates the average ear sensitivity to different frequencies at different SPL levels (as volume increases - these curves flatten out)
Fletcher- Munson Curve
Dynamic Range
Audio Engineering Society
Acoustics
36. Method used in digital recording and reproduction in which a signal is sampled at various points and the resulting value is translated into binary numbers
Oscillation
Pulse Code Modulation
DVD-10
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
37. ADAT Optcal; 8- in/8- out on two cables; Fiber- optic - TOSLINK connector
DVD-5
Sawtooth Wave
Lightpipe
Conversion Buffering
38. The ability of a digital system to perform complex DSP without running into problems with overflow or loss of resolution
Spectrum Multiplication
Motion Pictures Experts Group
Internal Resolution
Glass Master
39. ABR; Codecs that encode data by determining how dense or sparse areas of the audio are while also keeping bit rate within specified limits to avoid rebuffering
Noise Shaping
DVD-9
EtherSound
Average Bit Rate
40. Pertaining to hearing or sound; Combination of the intensity of air pressure molecules with amplitude
Acoustics
Blu-Ray
Class - D Amplifier
Sample Rate
41. Eight channel digital surround sound system by Dolby
Dolby 7.1
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
Coaxial
Perceptual Coding
42. Signal voltage is relayed to a register from sample- and - hold circuit; Holds reference frequencies in binary form that decrease in value; Finds approximated value & assigns binary number accordingly
dBFS
Joint Stereo
Threshold of Hearing
Successive Approximation
43. Method of sampling data at a higher resolution (higher sample rate) as a means of reducing harmonic content during D/A conversion; (x2) oversampling gets rid of all odd harmonic content
Data Packing
Oversampling
Exponent
Pulse Code Modulation
44. EBU
European Broadcasting Union
Aliasing
Pulse Width Modulation
Claude Shannon
45. 12cm plastic disc; 1.2mm thick; One- sided; Red Laser; 1.6 microns between tracks; 125 nanometer pits
Sample- and-Hold
Internal Resolution
Red Book
Logical Format
46. Playback; I/O Connections; CPU (Streaming); Conversion from DAW or Software
Variable Bit Rate
Buffering Locations
Bit Depth Effect on Dynamic Range
Sampling Theorem
47. Removes high frequency images and noise and smoothes the stair case output coming from of the sample and hold circuit; Also called a SMOOTHING FILTER
Anti-Imaging Filter
Spectra
MONO
Resolution
48. Sum of all harmonics; Sum of sine and cosine waves which have frequencies f - 2f - 3f - 4f...
Impulse Response
Fourier Series
Playback Buffering
M-S Stereo
49. Root Mean Square; Refers to taking the square root of all instantaneous amplitudes; Takes the average of those squares; (-6 Peak Level is approximately equal to -20 RMS)
RMS
D/A Conversion
Bit Rate
DVD-14
50. AES
Glass Master
Playback Buffering
Threshold of Pain
Audio Engineering Society