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Test your basic knowledge |
Digital Audio
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 1.) Bit Rate x Sample Rate (you'll get b/sec) 2.) Multiply by 60 if converting seconds to minutes 3.) Divide by 8 to convert bits to Bytes and get B/min 4.) Divide by 1 -024 to get KB/min and keep doing it until you get desired bit rate specification
Storage Conversion Steps
AES3
Sinusoidal
Edit Decision List
2. Increases or decreases the digital signal so that the loudest sample is brought up to 0dBfs; Uses all bits from dynamic range and makes it even from track to track
Entropy Coding
Overflow
Latency
Normalizing
3. Deviation from a normal - steady pulse or tick of a clock that contributes to misrepresentation of a signal; Result of small timing irregularities that become magnified during the transmission of digital signals as the signals are passed from one dev
Lossy
Base 2 System
Jitter
Subbands
4. 12.33 GB; DS/ML
Voltage
Oversampling
Requirements for CD Audio
DVD-14
5. Very quiet digital amplifier that produces a series of output pulses with the audio signal coded the same as the width of the output pulses; Pulses are used to represent wave forms and are either on or off; Intense signals have long pulses with short
Class - D Amplifier
Pulse Code Modulation
Sonogram
Successive Approximation
6. (Amplitude Based) Amplitude: Voltage; Quantization; Bit Depth; Quantization Intervals; Quantization Noise; [Signal:Quantization Noise Ratio]; Dither; Dynamic Range
Pad Head & Tail
Nyquist Frequency
D/A Conversion Signal Flow
Y-Axis Terminology
7. Playback; I/O Connections; CPU (Streaming); Conversion from DAW or Software
Sonogram
Average Bit Rate
Buffering Locations
CPU Buffering
8. Used as the main disc from which other discs are made; Composed of ground glass with a very fine photoresistor layer; An imaging laser burns pit and land patterns in preparation for duplication
Speed of Sound
Subbands
Glass Master
Sample Rate
9. Visual graph that shows how loud a sound is at different frequencies
Motion Pictures Experts Group
Sonogram
D/A Conversion
Anti-Aliasing Filter
10. Having a repeated succession of waves or curves as in a sound waveform
Sinusoidal
SACD
Requirements for CD Audio
Data Packing
11. Algorithm uses matrix of a mid/side microphone pair to determine a side signal & that signal is reduced then distributed as code in stereo
Anti-Aliasing Filter
M-S Stereo
Spectrum Multiplication
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
12. Signal conversions are mixed with playback tracks resulting in near-zero latency
Direct Monitoring
0 dB FS
Nyquist Frequency
I/O Connection Buffering
13. AAC (Advanced Audio Coding); MP3; RA; WMA; OGG Vorbis; Dolby Digital/AC-3; DTS; ADPCM
Nanometer
Quantization
Lossy Formats
Fletcher- Munson Curve
14. Decibels Full Scale
dBFS
Nyquist Frequency
Threshold of Hearing
Pad Head & Tail
15. EDL; Final list of samples used in the audio editing process; Identified by time code
Dolby 5.1
Noise Shaping
Edit Decision List
Psychoacoustics
16. Contains all even and odd harmonics associated with a fundamental tone - making it a rich source for modeling other sounds; Amplitude of each overtone decreases exponentially as a ratio of the harmonic's frequency to that of the fundamental
Sawtooth Wave
Gain Staging
Stapedes Reflex
Additive Synthesis...
17. Snippets of time in which frequency analysis takes place in a perceptual codec
Frames
Sample Rate
Speed of Sound
D/A Conversion Signal Flow
18. Process that begins with a fast FFT analysis of the spectra of two input signals - then the multiplication of like frequencies - and IFFT to finalize the process
Audio Engineering Society
Index of Reflectivity
Spectrum Multiplication
6 dB
19. Softest sound that can be heard by the average human ear (0 dB)
Harry Nyquist
Sampling (Samples)
I/O Connection Buffering
Threshold of Hearing
20. A sample- by- sample operation on two signals
Convolution
dB/SPL
Effective Bit Depth
Lossless Formats
21. Defines the number of sample per second taken from a continuous signal to make a discrete signal; Governs the frequency response of digital audio
Sample Rate
Pulse Code Modulation
M-S Stereo
Buffering
22. Full Scale; Type of metering that measures level in digital recording system; Recording and Mixing levels should NEVER exceed 0dB FS in digital audio or clipping will occur
dB/FS
Intensity Stereo
Resolution
Compression
23. 16-Bit; 44.1 kHz; PCM; Stereo
Jitter
Audio over Ethernet (AoE)
Square Wave
Requirements for CD Audio
24. The loudest point of a Full Scale system
Logical Format
6 dB
Morse Code
0 dB FS
25. Leaving space at beginning and ending of song for data crunching during mastering; Last step in mastering process
Word Clock
Bit Depth Effect on Dynamic Range
Pad Head & Tail
Exponent
26. Measure of the amplitude of a longitudinal wave
Threshold of Pain
Voltage
Requirements for A/D Conversion
Intensity
27. Overtones that contribute to the timbre of a sound and make up a complex waveform's physical characteristics
Latency
Pass Band
Attenuation
Harmonic Content
28. Governs the frequency response of a digital system; The highest- frequency component that can be captured with a sampling rate; always 1/2 of sampling rate; Also called the limiting frequency
DVD-10
Stapedes Reflex
Zero-Latency Monitoring
Nyquist Frequency
29. DAW's and software must buffer when converting or bouncing and this latency can add up if not monitored
Noise Shaping
Playback Buffering
Conversion Buffering
Decimal- to-Binary Conversion
30. Each bit in the bit depth is equal to a _____ increase in dynamic range
Latency
Headroom Bits
Glass Master
6 dB
31. 4.38 GB; SS/SL
Morse Code
DVD-5
Bit Depth
SACD
32. 8- in/8- out on one cable; 25- pin D- sub connector
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
Motion Pictures Experts Group
dB/SPL
Fletcher- Munson Curve
33. 8.75 GB; DS/SL
Codec
DVD-10
Intensity Stereo
Square Wave
34. Electromagnetic receptor that detects the radiation known as visible light
Average Bit Rate
Noise Shaping
Requirements for CD Audio
Photoreceptor
35. The amount of energy at each wavelength
Edit Decision List
Pulse Code Modulation
Spectra
Jitter
36. Waveform of a pure tone showing simple harmonic motion
X-Axis Terminology
Sine Wave
Sinusoidal
Sample Rate Effect on Anti-Aliasing
37. Improper (false) sampling of high frequencies that cause much lower frequencies to be produced when the audio is reconstructed; Foldover happens at higher frequencies as harmonics reach levels that exceed the Nyquist limit.
SACD
Aliasing
Sample Rate Effect on Anti-Aliasing
0 dB FS
38. Eliminates frequencies above the Nyquist limit from becoming samples; Occurs prior to quantization
Joint Stereo
SCMS
Anti-Aliasing Filter
Subbands
39. Samples are duplicated and the playback sampling rate correspondingly increased; Significantly raises the Nyquist limit to a range well beyond human hearing; Processing 'pushes' the distortion resulting from quantization error into these higher frequ
Dolby 7.1
Noise Shaping
Stapedes Reflex
Delta-Sigma Modulation
40. Toshiba developed digital audio interface utilizes fiber optics as a transmission medium.
Decoder
TOSLINK
Sampling Rule
Lossy Formats
41. Describes acceptable data - performances both offered and essential for a disc player - and the complete user experience
CPU Buffering
Logical Format
Sample- and-Hold
2 Dimensions of Sound
42. Uses entropy coding as the basis; Computer data compression algorithm that packages files such as .ZIP & .RAR
Data Packing
Analog
Intensity Stereo
Interpolation Filter
43. Circuit that seizes voltage values with each tick of an A/D device's internal clock
Requirements for CD Audio
Index of Reflectivity
Sample- and-Hold
Recording Levels
44. The difference between the analog value and the approximated digital value due to the 'rounding' that occurs while converting the analog signal to digital
Quantization Error
M-S Stereo
Perceptual Coding
Oversampling
45. Occurs as data is assembled into meaningful bits or information and as left & right channels are separated
I/O Connection Buffering
Pulse Density Modulation
Physical Disc Format
EtherSound
46. More aggressive lossy data reduction techniques that require further manipulation of the stereo field; Examples are 'Intensity' & 'M-S'
Joint Stereo
Oscillation
Zero-Latency Monitoring
Buffer Size
47. Circuit that interprets the meaning of the symbols as they were chosen and arranged by the encode
Fourier Series
Decoder
Low-Latency Monitoring
Rarefaction
48. Computer program or device capable of encoding and/or decoding a digital data stream with the end result being a reduced file size
Codec
Noise Shaping
Audio over Ethernet (AoE)
Exponent
49. Specific set of instructions for carrying out a data reduction technique that determines how to 'save' binary data information efficiently
Inter-Channel Redundancy
Algorithm
Class - D Amplifier
Successive Approximation
50. Take up half as many bits (50%); Algorithm can keep same quality by lossing the stereo track
SACD
MONO
Impulse Response
Floating Point