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Test your basic knowledge |
Digital Audio
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Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Apple Lossless; Windows Media Lossless; DTS HD Master Audio; Dolby True HD; FLAC
Resolution
AES3
Lossless Formats
Fidelity
2. Sony and Philips optical disc format; Utilizes sigma delta DSD to offer higher resolution; 1- bit; 2.8224 MHz; 6-Channel
SACD
Amplitude Accuracy
Resolution
Sonogram
3. High channel count; 64 channels on one cable; Coaxial cable with BNC connector or fiber optic with ST1 connector
Bit Depth
Codec
Multichannel Audio Digital Interface (MADI)
Conversion Buffering
4. Unit of measurement that is equal to one billionth of a meter
Stapedes Reflex
Nanometer
Direct Stream Digital
Lossy
5. Allows for an internal sample rate at multiples of the input and output rates; Alleviates the need for steep 'brickwall' filters; Often combined with internal '1- bit' processing; Increases smoothing effect
Equal Loudness Contour
Compression
Oversampling
Interleaved
6. The difference in volume between the loudest and quietest sounds of a source
EtherSound
Nyquist Frequency
Dynamic Range
Bit Depth Effect on Dynamic Range
7. Each bit in the bit depth is equal to a _____ increase in dynamic range
Stapedes Reflex
6 dB
Pulse Density Modulation
Foldover
8. Algorithm uses matrix of a mid/side microphone pair to determine a side signal & that signal is reduced then distributed as code in stereo
M-S Stereo
Spectrum Multiplication
Harry Nyquist
Fletcher- Munson Curve
9. Data is transmitted over fiber optic lines; Uses a TOSLINK connecter instead of an RCA type; Can transmit multi- channel audio; Not susceptible to ground hum and loops; Able to support far higher rates of data transfer over greater distances than coa
Transfer Protocol
Optical Cable
Motion Pictures Experts Group
Conversion Buffering
10. AAC (Advanced Audio Coding); MP3; RA; WMA; OGG Vorbis; Dolby Digital/AC-3; DTS; ADPCM
I/O Connection Buffering
Dithering
Lossy Formats
Sampling Theorem
11. DAW's and software must buffer when converting or bouncing and this latency can add up if not monitored
Overflow
Equal Loudness Contour
Nanometer
Conversion Buffering
12. 12cm plastic disc; 1.2mm thick; One- sided; Red Laser; 1.6 microns between tracks; 125 nanometer pits
Variable Bit Rate
dBFS
Anti-Imaging Filter
Red Book
13. 1st commercially successful AoE format for the transmission of digital audio - video - and control signals over 64- channel 100Mbps Ethernet networks
Blu-Ray
Entropy Coding
CobraNet
MONO
14. 1.) Taking a series of evenly- spaced measurements 2.) Signal contains no frequency components higher than half the sample rate
dBFS
Requirements for A/D Conversion
Impulse Response
Oversampling
15. More accuracy in low amplitudes and less in higher amplitudes
Normalizing
Convolution
Codec
Amplitude Accuracy
16. A network communications protocol that specifies how machines will exchange data; Uses a broadcast system in which one machine transmits its message on the communication medium and the other machines listen for messages directed to them
Blu-Ray
Ethernet
Bit Depth Effect on Dynamic Range
Sampling Rule
17. Ultra low- latency - 512- channel (on a gigabit network) - less flexible AoE format; Routed like audio cables...not network cables
Sampling Rule
Sinusoidal
EtherSound
Gain Staging
18. Have odd numbered harmonics
Multichannel Audio Digital Interface (MADI)
MONO
Square Wave
Intensity Stereo
19. Single- pin RCA cable or fiber- optic TOSLINK connector used for digital transfer; 75O coaxial - 2- channel unbalanced; 'Consumer' format of AES3
Sony-Philips Digital Interface Format (S/PDIF)
Physical Disc Format
Rarefaction
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
20. Digital Word -> Series of Resistors (each with assigned charges) -> Sample- and-Hold Circuit -> Anti-Imaging Filter (Smoothing Filter) -> Reconstructed Sample
Quantization Error
D/A Conversion Signal Flow
Lightpipe
Logical Format
21. Voltage -> Dither -> Anti-Aliasing (Low Pass Filter) -> Sample & Hold Circuit -> Successive Approximation/Quantizer --) 100111010 (PCM Audio File)
Signal- to- Noise Ratio
Photoreceptor
Pulse Code Modulation
A/D Conversion Signal Flow
22. Serial Copy Management System; main difference between AES3 & S/PIDF
Quantization Error
Foldover
SCMS
Redither
23. Number or variable that represents the number of times the base of a power is used as a factor; Defines magnitude
Edit Decision List
Internal Resolution
Speed of Sound
Exponent
24. 12.33 GB; DS/ML
DVD-14
Class - D Amplifier
Compression
Blu-Ray
25. Level above which audible sounds are painful (125 - 130 db)
Constant Bit Rate
Variable Bit Rate
Pulse Width Modulation
Threshold of Pain
26. Allowance of noise floor below that which is required for the final product
Internal Resolution
Nyquist Frequency
Footroom
Buffer Size
27. Uses entropy coding as the basis; Computer data compression algorithm that packages files such as .ZIP & .RAR
Data Packing
Index of Reflectivity
Requirements for A/D Conversion
Subbands
28. Sample Rate x Bit Depth x # of Channels
Average Bit Rate
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
Lossy Formats
6 dB
29. 7.95 GB; SS/DL
European Broadcasting Union
Index of Reflectivity
Pulse Density Modulation
DVD-9
30. The mathematics - algorithms - and the techniques used to manipulate signals after they have been converted to digital form
Digital Signal Processing
Base 2 System
Decoder
Storage Conversion Steps
31. Eliminates frequencies above the Nyquist limit from becoming samples; Occurs prior to quantization
Anti-Aliasing Filter
Blu-Ray
Fletcher- Munson Curve
Spectra
32. Rate at which energy is drawn from a source that produces a flow of electricity in a circuit; Expressed in volts
Intensity Stereo
Successive Approximation
Impulse Response
Voltage
33. How Loud (Y-Axis) & How Fast (X-Axis)
Digital Signal Processing
Rarefaction
Word Clock
2 Dimensions of Sound
34. Ratio of magnitude of the analytical signal to the magnitude of the background noise signal
Dynamic Range
Signal- to- Noise Ratio
Dolby 5.1
Pulse Width Modulation
35. Multi-Bit Words; (Pulse Code Modulation)
Pulse Width Modulation
Word Clock
PCM
Sony-Philips Digital Interface Format (S/PDIF)
36. Anytime bit depth is reduced the gap gets bigger so more dithering is required
Redither
AES3
Intensity Stereo
Quantizer
37. Describes various optical disc characteristics including the size and shape of the disc - the size of pits - the speed at which the disc spins - and a multitude of aspects regarding the specifications of the player itself
Physical Disc Format
Oversampling
Fletcher- Munson Curve
Bit Rate
38. Same as 'aliasing'
dB/FS
Normalizing
Foldover
Speed of Sound
39. Occurs as data is assembled into meaningful bits or information and as left & right channels are separated
Amplitude Accuracy
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
I/O Connection Buffering
Buffering
40. In order to play multiple channels at one time data is buffered as read to disk; Latency happens between play command & beginning of playback
SACD
Transfer Protocol
Playback Buffering
Quantization
41. The art of deciding where to place a processor in signal flow based on how that processor will be influenced by the other processors in the path
Redither
Pulse Density Modulation
Gain Staging
Harry Nyquist
42. Decibels Full Scale
dBFS
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
EtherSound
Perceptual Coding
43. Signal voltage is relayed to a register from sample- and - hold circuit; Holds reference frequencies in binary form that decrease in value; Finds approximated value & assigns binary number accordingly
Peak Level
Pad Head & Tail
Successive Approximation
A/D Conversion Signal Flow
44. Digital (binary) measurements of how long each pulse is either on or off; Width of increasing voltage or decreasing voltage is assigned a 1 or 0 respectively
Quantizer
A/D Conversion Signal Flow
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
Pulse Width Modulation
45. The difference between the analog value and the approximated digital value due to the 'rounding' that occurs while converting the analog signal to digital
Audio over Ethernet (AoE)
Gain Staging
Lossy Formats
Quantization Error
46. Found that aliasing was always a problem no matter how fast you sample; Less data recorded but more accurate; 2 samples per wave length.
Fidelity
Harry Nyquist
CPU Buffering
Compression
47. Computer program or device capable of encoding and/or decoding a digital data stream with the end result being a reduced file size
Codec
Spectrum Multiplication
Interpolation Filter
dB/SPL
48. Used as the main disc from which other discs are made; Composed of ground glass with a very fine photoresistor layer; An imaging laser burns pit and land patterns in preparation for duplication
Resolution
Edit Decision List
Amplitude Accuracy
Glass Master
49. EDL; Final list of samples used in the audio editing process; Identified by time code
Edit Decision List
0 dB FS
Photoreceptor
Significand
50. Improper (false) sampling of high frequencies that cause much lower frequencies to be produced when the audio is reconstructed; Foldover happens at higher frequencies as harmonics reach levels that exceed the Nyquist limit.
A/D Conversion Signal Flow
Transfer Protocol
Aliasing
Oversampling
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