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Test your basic knowledge |
Digital Audio
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. AAC (Advanced Audio Coding); MP3; RA; WMA; OGG Vorbis; Dolby Digital/AC-3; DTS; ADPCM
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
Lossy Formats
DVD-14
Nyquist Frequency
2. 15.9 GB; DS/DL
Digital Signal Processing
DVD-18
Blu-Ray
Decimation Filter
3. Circuit that seizes voltage values with each tick of an A/D device's internal clock
Psychoacoustics
Sample- and-Hold
Inter-Channel Redundancy
Attenuation
4. ADPCM; Pulse code modulation that produces a digital signal with a lower bit rate than standard PCM; Records only the difference between samples
DVD-10
Average Bit Rate
Sony-Philips Digital Interface Format (S/PDIF)
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
5. Circuit that interprets the meaning of the symbols as they were chosen and arranged by the encode
Nanometer
Decoder
A/D Conversion Signal Flow
Dynamic Range
6. Psychoacoustic model of data reduction used for general audio compression that aims to transmit only features perceptible to the human ear; Useful for mastering streaming media
Perceptual Coding
Voltage
Sample Rate
Pulse Code Modulation
7. Data transmission protocol over which computer network traffic travels; Poorly suited to real- time transmission but numerous attempts have been made to harness the technology because of its flexible routing; Uses simple Cat5 cabling; Resists interfe
RMS
Audio over Ethernet (AoE)
Lightpipe
Noise Shaping
8. 1.) Bit Rate x Sample Rate (you'll get b/sec) 2.) Multiply by 60 if converting seconds to minutes 3.) Divide by 8 to convert bits to Bytes and get B/min 4.) Divide by 1 -024 to get KB/min and keep doing it until you get desired bit rate specification
MONO
Storage Conversion Steps
Acoustics
DVD-18
9. More aggressive lossy data reduction techniques that require further manipulation of the stereo field; Examples are 'Intensity' & 'M-S'
Low-Latency Monitoring
Convolution
Joint Stereo
Lossless
10. Electromagnetic receptor that detects the radiation known as visible light
Fidelity
Photoreceptor
Compression
Pulse Density Modulation
11. Sony and Philips optical disc format; Utilizes sigma delta DSD to offer higher resolution; 1- bit; 2.8224 MHz; 6-Channel
X-Axis Terminology
Claude Shannon
Zero-Latency Monitoring
SACD
12. A situation where a calculated value cannot fit into the number of digits reserved for it
Overflow
Analog
2 Dimensions of Sound
Aliasing
13. Eliminates frequencies above the Nyquist limit from becoming samples; Occurs prior to quantization
Anti-Aliasing Filter
Oversampling
Logical Format
Lossy Formats
14. Based on Full Scale (dB/FS); -6dB represents a loss of one bit so account for this when calculating
MONO
Convolution
Lossy Formats
Effective Bit Depth
15. Rate at which energy is drawn from a source that produces a flow of electricity in a circuit; Expressed in volts
Average Bit Rate
Voltage
Interpolation Filter
SCMS
16. The difference between the analog value and the approximated digital value due to the 'rounding' that occurs while converting the analog signal to digital
Signal- to- Noise Ratio
Effective Bit Depth
Quantization Error
Additive Synthesis...
17. Unit of measurement that is equal to one billionth of a meter
Playback Buffering
Nanometer
Perceptual Coding
Dolby 5.1
18. Smallest interval measurable by a scientific instrument; Defined by bit rate (sample rate x bit depth)
Sample- and-Hold
Resolution
Footroom
D/A Conversion
19. Apple Lossless; Windows Media Lossless; DTS HD Master Audio; Dolby True HD; FLAC
X-Axis Terminology
Sawtooth Wave
Lossless
Lossless Formats
20. Snippets of time in which frequency analysis takes place in a perceptual codec
Oversampling
Frames
Pad Head & Tail
MONO
21. Same as 'aliasing'
Audio Engineering Society
Compression
Delta-Sigma Modulation
Foldover
22. 8- in/8- out on one cable; 25- pin D- sub connector
Oscillation
AoE Formats
dB/FS
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
23. Digital and analog processing capability is combined on a single microchip allowing for 1- bit resolution at high sample rates
Algorithm
Requirements for CD Audio
Inter-Channel Redundancy
Delta-Sigma Modulation
24. The frequency above or below which attenuation begins in a filter circuit
Zero-Latency Monitoring
Cutoff Frequency
Redither
Perceptual Coding
25. Only 2 digits used; The value of each place (ones - hundreds - etc.) are as follows from greatest to least: 128 - 64 - 32 - 16 - 8 - 4 - 2 - 1
Base 2 System
European Broadcasting Union
Direct Monitoring
Attenuation
26. Number or variable that represents the number of times the base of a power is used as a factor; Defines magnitude
Noise Shaping
Exponent
Requirements for A/D Conversion
Amplitude Accuracy
27. Signal that uses variable voltage to create continuous waves resulting in an inexact transmission
Analog
Square Wave
Algorithm
Red Book
28. French mathematician that noted that any complex sound can be broken down into a series of component pure tones
Joseph Fourier
Y-Axis Terminology
Word Clock
Harry Nyquist
29. Improper (false) sampling of high frequencies that cause much lower frequencies to be produced when the audio is reconstructed; Foldover happens at higher frequencies as harmonics reach levels that exceed the Nyquist limit.
Optical Cable
Masking Analysis...
Class - D Amplifier
Aliasing
30. Describes various optical disc characteristics including the size and shape of the disc - the size of pits - the speed at which the disc spins - and a multitude of aspects regarding the specifications of the player itself
Optical Cable
Physical Disc Format
Lossless
Quantization
31. Signal conversions are mixed with playback tracks resulting in near-zero latency
Lossy
Footroom
Direct Monitoring
Foldover
32. Occurs as data is assembled into meaningful bits or information and as left & right channels are separated
I/O Connection Buffering
Attenuation
Stapedes Reflex
Joint Stereo
33. Eight channel digital surround sound system by Dolby
Noise Shaping
Y-Axis Terminology
Dolby 7.1
Foldover
34. (Amplitude Based) Amplitude: Voltage; Quantization; Bit Depth; Quantization Intervals; Quantization Noise; [Signal:Quantization Noise Ratio]; Dither; Dynamic Range
Impulse Response
Additive Synthesis...
Y-Axis Terminology
Requirements for CD Audio
35. Built into DAWs; Bits are added when signals are mixed together to avoid clipping
Gain Staging
Claude Shannon
Headroom Bits
Speed of Sound
36. Serial Copy Management System; main difference between AES3 & S/PIDF
Sampling (Samples)
2 Dimensions of Sound
AoE Formats
SCMS
37. Father of modern information theory; Solidified the Nyquist Theory by adding the concept that bits per second (binary representation of audio signals) must be at equal intervals to accurately represent data
Sample- and-Hold
MONO
Claude Shannon
Codec
38. ABR; Codecs that encode data by determining how dense or sparse areas of the audio are while also keeping bit rate within specified limits to avoid rebuffering
Glass Master
Analog
Average Bit Rate
DVD-10
39. Six channel (five speakers and one subwoofer for bass) digital surround sound system by Dolby
6 dB
Dolby 5.1
Quantization
Fidelity
40. Uses entropy coding as the basis; Computer data compression algorithm that packages files such as .ZIP & .RAR
Data Packing
Floating Point
TOSLINK
DVD-9
41. AES
Audio Engineering Society
Low-Latency Monitoring
EtherSound
Exponent
42. Inner ear component that attaches to the stapes and helps to decrease the amplitude of vibrations; Causes the masking phenomenon
Anti-Imaging Filter
Oversampling
Cutoff Frequency
Stapedes Reflex
43. Perceptual coding technique that uses louder sounds of a similar frequency to decide what information is to be saved during data reduction
Masking Analysis...
M-S Stereo
Stapedes Reflex
Normalizing
44. 'Reconstructing' part of digital audio
A/D Conversion
Direct Stream Digital
D/A Conversion
Interleaved
45. A time regulator that makes all samples and bits to align when working with interconnected digital devices; Basically a signal that all of the digital devices refer to when operating.
Motion Pictures Experts Group
Decimation Filter
Word Clock
Sample Rate Effect on Anti-Aliasing
46. Subtract place values from the decimal number and place ones or zeros in the correct places
Codec
Floating Point
Decimal- to-Binary Conversion
Quantization Intervals
47. VBR; Most common & best data reduction technique; Codecs that encode data by determining how dense or sparse areas of the audio are; Can result in buffering issues
Variable Bit Rate
Subbands
DVD-10
dB/SPL
48. Used as the main disc from which other discs are made; Composed of ground glass with a very fine photoresistor layer; An imaging laser burns pit and land patterns in preparation for duplication
Pulse Code Modulation
Glass Master
Floating Point
Sine Wave
49. 7.95 GB; SS/DL
Joint Stereo
DVD-5
Lossy
DVD-9
50. 1.) Taking a series of evenly- spaced measurements 2.) Signal contains no frequency components higher than half the sample rate
Physical Disc Format
Requirements for A/D Conversion
0 dB FS
Intensity