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Test your basic knowledge |
Digital Audio
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A situation where a calculated value cannot fit into the number of digits reserved for it
MONO
Overflow
RMS Meter
Resolution
2. Contains all even and odd harmonics associated with a fundamental tone - making it a rich source for modeling other sounds; Amplitude of each overtone decreases exponentially as a ratio of the harmonic's frequency to that of the fundamental
Base 2 System
Codec
Spectra
Sawtooth Wave
3. Same as 'aliasing'
Foldover
Direct Monitoring
Sawtooth Wave
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
4. Lossless Format; Can hold up to 25GB on a single- layer disc and 50GB on a dual- layer disc
Rarefaction
Footroom
Blu-Ray
Variable Bit Rate
5. Governs the frequency response of a digital system; The highest- frequency component that can be captured with a sampling rate; always 1/2 of sampling rate; Also called the limiting frequency
Nyquist Frequency
Anti-Imaging Filter
Micron
Playback Buffering
6. (Time Based) Frequency: Aliasing; Anti-Aliasing Filter; Sample Rate; Nyquist Limit
RMS
X-Axis Terminology
Lossy
Codec
7. Playback; I/O Connections; CPU (Streaming); Conversion from DAW or Software
Buffering Locations
Lightpipe
Audio over Ethernet (AoE)
Dithering
8. Level above which audible sounds are painful (125 - 130 db)
Exponent
Buffering
Threshold of Pain
6 dB
9. Digital Word -> Series of Resistors (each with assigned charges) -> Sample- and-Hold Circuit -> Anti-Imaging Filter (Smoothing Filter) -> Reconstructed Sample
SACD
Delta-Sigma Modulation
D/A Conversion Signal Flow
Blu-Ray
10. In order to play multiple channels at one time data is buffered as read to disk; Latency happens between play command & beginning of playback
Internal Resolution
Normalizing
Playback Buffering
CPU Buffering
11. Defines the number of sample per second taken from a continuous signal to make a discrete signal; Governs the frequency response of digital audio
Sinusoidal
Sample Rate
Recording Levels
Dynamic Range
12. The number of compressions or rarefactions in one second; The higher the frequency the more compressions & rarefactions per second; Measured in Hertz
Base 2 System
Frequency
Lossy Formats
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
13. Method of sampling data at a higher resolution (higher sample rate) as a means of reducing harmonic content during D/A conversion; (x2) oversampling gets rid of all odd harmonic content
Harmonic Content
Oversampling
Impulse Response
Decimal- to-Binary Conversion
14. A method of representing real numbers using a mantissa and an exponent
Nanometer
Floating Point
Interleaved
Low-Latency Monitoring
15. Anytime bit depth is reduced the gap gets bigger so more dithering is required
Audio over Ethernet (AoE)
Resolution
Redither
Footroom
16. Softest sound that can be heard by the average human ear (0 dB)
Threshold of Hearing
Decoder
DVD-Audio
MONO
17. Occurs as data is assembled into meaningful bits or information and as left & right channels are separated
Harry Nyquist
I/O Connection Buffering
Impulse Response
Direct Stream Digital
18. ADPCM; Pulse code modulation that produces a digital signal with a lower bit rate than standard PCM; Records only the difference between samples
Fidelity
DVD-9
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
Footroom
19. Accuracy with which an electronic system reproduces the sound or image of its input signal
Interleaved
Fidelity
Decimation Filter
Bit Depth
20. Circuit that interprets the meaning of the symbols as they were chosen and arranged by the encode
Edit Decision List
Data Packing
Decoder
Micron
21. ABR; Codecs that encode data by determining how dense or sparse areas of the audio are while also keeping bit rate within specified limits to avoid rebuffering
RMS
Interleaved
Average Bit Rate
Latency
22. The continuous loss of signal strengths as a signal travels through a medium
Quantization Error
CobraNet
Attenuation
I/O Connection Buffering
23. (Amplitude Based) Amplitude: Voltage; Quantization; Bit Depth; Quantization Intervals; Quantization Noise; [Signal:Quantization Noise Ratio]; Dither; Dynamic Range
Signal- to- Noise Ratio
DVD-5
Y-Axis Terminology
Aliasing
24. The difference between the analog value and the approximated digital value due to the 'rounding' that occurs while converting the analog signal to digital
Quantization Error
Spectrum Multiplication
Zero-Latency Monitoring
Optical Cable
25. 4.38 GB; SS/SL
Bit Depth
DVD-5
Dynamic Range
Entropy Coding
26. Ultra low- latency - 512- channel (on a gigabit network) - less flexible AoE format; Routed like audio cables...not network cables
Requirements for A/D Conversion
EtherSound
Algorithm
Joseph Fourier
27. DAW's and software must buffer when converting or bouncing and this latency can add up if not monitored
Lossless
Zero-Latency Monitoring
Conversion Buffering
Blu-Ray
28. Low Pressure; Part in a longitudinal wave where the particles are spread apart
Zero-Latency Monitoring
Signal- to- Noise Ratio
Peak Level
Rarefaction
29. The set of rules that computers use to move files from one computer to another on an internet
Audio Engineering Society
Quantization
Requirements for A/D Conversion
Transfer Protocol
30. 12cm plastic disc; 1.2mm thick; One- sided; Red Laser; 1.6 microns between tracks; 125 nanometer pits
Sony-Philips Digital Interface Format (S/PDIF)
Bit Rate
Class - D Amplifier
Red Book
31. The ability of a digital system to perform complex DSP without running into problems with overflow or loss of resolution
Internal Resolution
M-S Stereo
DVD-14
Significand
32. Voltage -> Dither -> Anti-Aliasing (Low Pass Filter) -> Sample & Hold Circuit -> Successive Approximation/Quantizer --) 100111010 (PCM Audio File)
SCMS
Requirements for A/D Conversion
A/D Conversion Signal Flow
Fidelity
33. The process of reducing the space required to store data by efficiently encoding the content.
Compression
Audio Engineering Society
Headroom Bits
Fourier Series
34. 15.9 GB; DS/DL
DVD-18
Masking Analysis...
European Broadcasting Union
Digital Signal Processing
35. Data transmission protocol over which computer network traffic travels; Poorly suited to real- time transmission but numerous attempts have been made to harness the technology because of its flexible routing; Uses simple Cat5 cabling; Resists interfe
Lossy
Audio over Ethernet (AoE)
EtherSound
Sample- and-Hold
36. Overtones that contribute to the timbre of a sound and make up a complex waveform's physical characteristics
Harmonic Content
Quantization Intervals
Gain Staging
Blu-Ray
37. AES
Joseph Fourier
Audio Engineering Society
Intensity Stereo
Interleaved
38. 1st commercially successful AoE format for the transmission of digital audio - video - and control signals over 64- channel 100Mbps Ethernet networks
CobraNet
Bit Rate
Coaxial
I/O Connection Buffering
39. Improper (false) sampling of high frequencies that cause much lower frequencies to be produced when the audio is reconstructed; Foldover happens at higher frequencies as harmonics reach levels that exceed the Nyquist limit.
Aliasing
Inter-Channel Redundancy
A/D Conversion
CobraNet
40. Based on psychoacoustics - these are the basis of frequency analysis for a perceptual codec;
Amplitude Accuracy
Subbands
Requirements for A/D Conversion
Pulse Code Modulation
41. High Pressure - Part of a longitudinal wave where the particles of the medium are close together
Dynamic Range
Compression
Fletcher- Munson Curve
M-S Stereo
42. Roughly around 1 -130 ft/s
Speed of Sound
Lossy
Compression
Harry Nyquist
43. Represents the amplitude component of the digital sampling process; Technique of incrementing a continuous analog event into a discrete set of binary digits (bits)
Quantization
Gain Staging
EtherSound
Audio over Ethernet (AoE)
44. A frequency specified for a filter (digital or electronic) the marks the point at which the frequency content of a signal is altered +/- 3dB
Entropy Coding
Noise Shaping
Cutoff Frequency
Anti-Aliasing Filter
45. Apple Lossless; Windows Media Lossless; DTS HD Master Audio; Dolby True HD; FLAC
Impulse Response
Glass Master
0 dB FS
Lossless Formats
46. Most significant lossless coding technique in current use; Measure of disorder in which long strings of data are represented by short symbols and uses the shortest symbols to represent the most common repetitive audio data maximizing data reduction
Pulse Code Modulation
Equal Loudness Contour
Harmonic Content
Entropy Coding
47. Measures the highest levels of a signal being recorded or mixed; Monitors for clipping - which occurs at 0dBFS); Does not always reflect perceived volume of signal
Decimation Filter
Morse Code
Peak Level
Sinusoidal
48. Have odd numbered harmonics
Compression
Square Wave
A/D Conversion Signal Flow
Sampling (Samples)
49. Uses entropy coding as the basis; Computer data compression algorithm that packages files such as .ZIP & .RAR
Data Packing
Interpolation Filter
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
Entropy Coding
50. EBU
Conversion Buffering
Pulse Density Modulation
European Broadcasting Union
SACD