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Test your basic knowledge |
Digital Audio
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Number or variable that represents the number of times the base of a power is used as a factor; Defines magnitude
Exponent
Audio Engineering Society
Class - D Amplifier
EtherSound
2. Twice as many samples as the highest frequency at minimum; Sampling rate totally controls frequency response
Buffering Locations
Floating Point
Sampling Rule
Oversampling
3. Uses entropy coding as the basis; Computer data compression algorithm that packages files such as .ZIP & .RAR
Data Packing
Pulse Density Modulation
Headroom Bits
Jitter
4. The set of rules that computers use to move files from one computer to another on an internet
DVD-10
Transfer Protocol
Average Bit Rate
Nanometer
5. High Pressure - Part of a longitudinal wave where the particles of the medium are close together
Equal Loudness Contour
Voltage
Digital
Compression
6. Increases or decreases the digital signal so that the loudest sample is brought up to 0dBfs; Uses all bits from dynamic range and makes it even from track to track
Lightpipe
Y-Axis Terminology
Analog
Normalizing
7. Measure of the amplitude of a longitudinal wave
Intensity
TOSLINK
D/A Conversion Signal Flow
DVD-10
8. Very selective method of lowering buffer levels by halting different levels of audio processing
dBFS
Quantization Intervals
Low-Latency Monitoring
Threshold of Hearing
9. Stores only one copy of a stereo signal and assigns it to both channels in order to save 50% of original bandwidth
Inter-Channel Redundancy
Aliasing
Redither
Ethernet
10. Unit of measurement that is equal to one billionth of a meter
Nanometer
Quantization Intervals
Multichannel Audio Digital Interface (MADI)
Sampling Theorem
11. Eight channel digital surround sound system by Dolby
Anti-Aliasing Filter
Decimation Filter
Dolby 7.1
Edit Decision List
12. ADPCM; Pulse code modulation that produces a digital signal with a lower bit rate than standard PCM; Records only the difference between samples
Sample Rate Effect on Anti-Aliasing
Interpolation Filter
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
Quantization
13. 1.) Taking a series of evenly- spaced measurements 2.) Signal contains no frequency components higher than half the sample rate
Fletcher- Munson Curve
Requirements for A/D Conversion
Jitter
Constant Bit Rate
14. Electromagnetic receptor that detects the radiation known as visible light
Significand
Square Wave
Red Book
Photoreceptor
15. Most significant lossless coding technique in current use; Measure of disorder in which long strings of data are represented by short symbols and uses the shortest symbols to represent the most common repetitive audio data maximizing data reduction
Entropy Coding
Multichannel Audio Digital Interface (MADI)
Square Wave
A/D Conversion Signal Flow
16. The amount of energy at each wavelength
Micron
Class - D Amplifier
Spectra
Storage Conversion Steps
17. Represents the amplitude component of the digital sampling process; Technique of incrementing a continuous analog event into a discrete set of binary digits (bits)
Quantization
Sampling Rule
Floating Point
Lossy Formats
18. Series of dots and dashes representing the letters of the alphabet; Most common letters are represented by the shortest dots and dashes; Example of entropy coding
Latency
Bit Depth Effect on Dynamic Range
Signal- to- Noise Ratio
Morse Code
19. Discrete incremental distinctions made between the value of one sample and the next; Breaks down bit depth into a series of evenly spaced intervals
Intensity Stereo
Word Clock
Quantization Intervals
Red Book
20. Digital and analog processing capability is combined on a single microchip allowing for 1- bit resolution at high sample rates
Gain Staging
Glass Master
Delta-Sigma Modulation
dB/SPL
21. Measuring equipment in A/D conversion that processes voltage and provides a value for that voltage
D/A Conversion
Quantizer
Aliasing
Quantization Intervals
22. Describes various optical disc characteristics including the size and shape of the disc - the size of pits - the speed at which the disc spins - and a multitude of aspects regarding the specifications of the player itself
D/A Conversion Signal Flow
Physical Disc Format
Decimal- to-Binary Conversion
Cutoff Frequency
23. DAW's and software must buffer when converting or bouncing and this latency can add up if not monitored
Variable Bit Rate
Conversion Buffering
Dolby 5.1
Spectra
24. 12cm plastic disc; 1.2mm thick; One- sided; Red Laser; 1.6 microns between tracks; 125 nanometer pits
Quantization
Red Book
Decimation Filter
Analog
25. French mathematician that noted that any complex sound can be broken down into a series of component pure tones
Frames
Voltage
Joseph Fourier
DVD-5
26. The difference in volume between the loudest and quietest sounds of a source
Foldover
Dynamic Range
D/A Conversion
Overflow
27. Apple Lossless; Windows Media Lossless; DTS HD Master Audio; Dolby True HD; FLAC
Variable Bit Rate
Lossless Formats
Significand
Harmonic Content
28. Data is transmitted over fiber optic lines; Uses a TOSLINK connecter instead of an RCA type; Can transmit multi- channel audio; Not susceptible to ground hum and loops; Able to support far higher rates of data transfer over greater distances than coa
Direct Monitoring
Ethernet
Oscillation
Optical Cable
29. Method used in digital recording and reproduction in which a signal is sampled at various points and the resulting value is translated into binary numbers
Pulse Code Modulation
6 dB
Bit Depth
AoE Formats
30. Rate at which energy is drawn from a source that produces a flow of electricity in a circuit; Expressed in volts
Foldover
Audio Engineering Society
Lossless Formats
Voltage
31. 8.75 GB; DS/SL
Recording Levels
DVD-10
Subbands
Inter-Channel Redundancy
32. Multi-Bit Words; (Pulse Code Modulation)
PCM
Amplitude Accuracy
Audio over Ethernet (AoE)
Oscillation
33. Softest sound that can be heard by the average human ear (0 dB)
Lossless
DVD-10
Threshold of Hearing
Lossy Formats
34. Have odd numbered harmonics
Joseph Fourier
Square Wave
Oscillation
Audio Engineering Society
35. Circuit that interprets the meaning of the symbols as they were chosen and arranged by the encode
Y-Axis Terminology
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
Decoder
Transfer Protocol
36. (AES/EBU); 110O - 2- channel balanced digital audio cable with an XLR connection; NOT a mic cable!!
AES3
Subbands
Lossy
Quantizer
37. Improper (false) sampling of high frequencies that cause much lower frequencies to be produced when the audio is reconstructed; Foldover happens at higher frequencies as harmonics reach levels that exceed the Nyquist limit.
Aliasing
Footroom
Quantization Error
Claude Shannon
38. Measure of sound pressure over the frequency spectrum - for which a listener perceives a constant loudness when presented with pure steady tones
Class - D Amplifier
Peak Level
Exponent
Equal Loudness Contour
39. Father of modern information theory; Solidified the Nyquist Theory by adding the concept that bits per second (binary representation of audio signals) must be at equal intervals to accurately represent data
Claude Shannon
Internal Resolution
Interpolation Filter
Cutoff Frequency
40. Allows for an internal sample rate at multiples of the input and output rates; Alleviates the need for steep 'brickwall' filters; Often combined with internal '1- bit' processing; Increases smoothing effect
Internal Resolution
Oversampling
Ethernet
Perceptual Coding
41. Data reduction technique that does not effect quality of original audio; No effect on original quality; Typically around 50% reduction; Exact reconstruction of digital code for the audio signal
Footroom
Constant Bit Rate
Sinusoidal
Lossless
42. Digital (binary) measurements of how long each pulse is either on or off; Width of increasing voltage or decreasing voltage is assigned a 1 or 0 respectively
Pulse Width Modulation
Square Wave
Audio Engineering Society
CPU Buffering
43. Accuracy with which an electronic system reproduces the sound or image of its input signal
Fidelity
Class - D Amplifier
Latency
Overflow
44. EDL; Final list of samples used in the audio editing process; Identified by time code
Direct Stream Digital
Frequency
Requirements for CD Audio
Edit Decision List
45. Visual graph that shows how loud a sound is at different frequencies
Word Clock
Internal Resolution
Sonogram
Headroom Bits
46. Sony sigma- delta modulation based technology that bypasses the decimation and interpolation steps found in PCM converters
Coaxial
Square Wave
Footroom
Direct Stream Digital
47. Samples are duplicated and the playback sampling rate correspondingly increased; Significantly raises the Nyquist limit to a range well beyond human hearing; Processing 'pushes' the distortion resulting from quantization error into these higher frequ
Decimal- to-Binary Conversion
Index of Reflectivity
Sinusoidal
Noise Shaping
48. Reduces the percieved distortion due to quantization error; Low level white noise source is introduced to make the profile of the quantization 'noise' more irregular; Useful when reducing the number of bits per word in a signal (i.e. when converting
Threshold of Pain
Quantization
Dithering
Algorithm
49. Each bit in the bit depth is equal to a _____ increase in dynamic range
6 dB
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
Index of Reflectivity
Oversampling
50. Removes high frequency images and noise and smoothes the stair case output coming from of the sample and hold circuit; Also called a SMOOTHING FILTER
Anti-Imaging Filter
Bit Rate
Headroom Bits
Intensity Stereo