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Test your basic knowledge |
Digital Audio
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Unit of measurement that is equal to one millionth of a meter
Floating Point
Bit Rate
Micron
Blu-Ray
2. Computer program or device capable of encoding and/or decoding a digital data stream with the end result being a reduced file size
X-Axis Terminology
Codec
Significand
Redither
3. Multi-Bit Words; (Pulse Code Modulation)
Average Bit Rate
Motion Pictures Experts Group
Oversampling
PCM
4. Fractional part of a floating- point number; Also called the mantissa; Defines precision
Constant Bit Rate
Significand
Foldover
SCMS
5. Removes high frequency images and noise and smoothes the stair case output coming from of the sample and hold circuit; Also called a SMOOTHING FILTER
Anti-Imaging Filter
Sampling (Samples)
MONO
Codec
6. Perceptual coding technique that uses louder sounds of a similar frequency to decide what information is to be saved during data reduction
Masking Analysis...
Fletcher- Munson Curve
Anti-Imaging Filter
Dithering
7. AAC (Advanced Audio Coding); MP3; RA; WMA; OGG Vorbis; Dolby Digital/AC-3; DTS; ADPCM
Pad Head & Tail
Lossy Formats
D/A Conversion Signal Flow
Buffer Size
8. Mixing data and control characters in a single operation
Interleaved
DVD-10
Effective Bit Depth
A/D Conversion
9. Increases D/A sample rate from nominal rate to oversampling rate by turning series multi- bit PCM samples into 1- bit samples; (ex. => 44.1kHz sample rate converted to 2.8MHz and simultaneously converts multi- bit samples to 1- bit); Low Pass Filter
Cutoff Frequency
Rarefaction
Aliasing
Interpolation Filter
10. Circuit that seizes voltage values with each tick of an A/D device's internal clock
Sample- and-Hold
A/D Conversion Signal Flow
Transfer Protocol
Y-Axis Terminology
11. A drive that can read and write on optical media that hold up to 50 GB on two layers; 24- bit/96 kHz for 8-Channel; 24- bit/192 kHz for 6-Channel
Codec
Entropy Coding
CobraNet
Blu-Ray
12. Data is transmitted over fiber optic lines; Uses a TOSLINK connecter instead of an RCA type; Can transmit multi- channel audio; Not susceptible to ground hum and loops; Able to support far higher rates of data transfer over greater distances than coa
Optical Cable
Fourier Series
DVD-10
Effective Bit Depth
13. Apple Lossless; Windows Media Lossless; DTS HD Master Audio; Dolby True HD; FLAC
Variable Bit Rate
Lossless Formats
Bit Depth
SCMS
14. Sony and Philips optical disc format; Utilizes sigma delta DSD to offer higher resolution; 1- bit; 2.8224 MHz; 6-Channel
Codec
SACD
Quantization
Amplitude Accuracy
15. Leaving space at beginning and ending of song for data crunching during mastering; Last step in mastering process
Average Bit Rate
Joint Stereo
Spectra
Pad Head & Tail
16. Deviation from a normal - steady pulse or tick of a clock that contributes to misrepresentation of a signal; Result of small timing irregularities that become magnified during the transmission of digital signals as the signals are passed from one dev
Resolution
Frequency
Jitter
Coaxial
17. Also known as equal loudness curves; Graph that indicates the average ear sensitivity to different frequencies at different SPL levels (as volume increases - these curves flatten out)
Dolby 5.1
Quantization Intervals
Fletcher- Munson Curve
Jitter
18. The difference in volume between the loudest and quietest sounds of a source
Transfer Protocol
Dynamic Range
Sample Rate Effect on Anti-Aliasing
Sampling Rule
19. In order to play multiple channels at one time data is buffered as read to disk; Latency happens between play command & beginning of playback
Sample Rate Effect on Anti-Aliasing
Playback Buffering
Dynamic Range
Storage Conversion Steps
20. Joint-Stereo Technique; Since the human brain is unable to localize sounds at high frequencies well sounds above 9 kHz threshold are encoded in mono
Intensity Stereo
Intensity
Anti-Imaging Filter
Spectrum Multiplication
21. VBR; Most common & best data reduction technique; Codecs that encode data by determining how dense or sparse areas of the audio are; Can result in buffering issues
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
Audio over Ethernet (AoE)
Fletcher- Munson Curve
Variable Bit Rate
22. Softest sound that can be heard by the average human ear (0 dB)
Buffering Locations
Threshold of Hearing
X-Axis Terminology
Oversampling
23. 8- in/8- out on one cable; 25- pin D- sub connector
Zero-Latency Monitoring
Index of Reflectivity
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
Quantizer
24. The art of deciding where to place a processor in signal flow based on how that processor will be influenced by the other processors in the path
Gain Staging
Threshold of Hearing
Codec
EtherSound
25. Found that aliasing was always a problem no matter how fast you sample; Less data recorded but more accurate; 2 samples per wave length.
Harry Nyquist
Significand
Lossy Formats
MONO
26. Based on psychoacoustics - these are the basis of frequency analysis for a perceptual codec;
Interleaved
Amplitude Accuracy
Claude Shannon
Subbands
27. The frequency range that is allowed through a filter
Intensity Stereo
Pass Band
I/O Connection Buffering
Threshold of Hearing
28. Anytime bit depth is reduced the gap gets bigger so more dithering is required
Redither
Attenuation
Playback Buffering
Aliasing
29. Represents the amplitude component of the digital sampling process; Technique of incrementing a continuous analog event into a discrete set of binary digits (bits)
Interpolation Filter
Quantization
Bit Depth Effect on Dynamic Range
Transfer Protocol
30. Method used in digital recording and reproduction in which a signal is sampled at various points and the resulting value is translated into binary numbers
Transfer Protocol
Pulse Code Modulation
Sampling Theorem
SACD
31. (Time Based) Frequency: Aliasing; Anti-Aliasing Filter; Sample Rate; Nyquist Limit
Impulse Response
Spectrum Multiplication
X-Axis Terminology
DVD-14
32. Visual graph that shows how loud a sound is at different frequencies
Sonogram
Internal Resolution
Zero-Latency Monitoring
Transfer Protocol
33. Digital (binary) measurements of how long each pulse is either on or off; Width of increasing voltage or decreasing voltage is assigned a 1 or 0 respectively
Sample- and-Hold
Pulse Width Modulation
Decoder
Subbands
34. French mathematician that noted that any complex sound can be broken down into a series of component pure tones
Pad Head & Tail
Joseph Fourier
Index of Reflectivity
Sampling (Samples)
35. The act of a frequency swinging back and forth with a steady - uninterrupted rhythm
6 dB
Oscillation
Analog
Direct Stream Digital
36. The loudest point of a Full Scale system
Internal Resolution
Gain Staging
Exponent
0 dB FS
37. Unit of measurement that is equal to one billionth of a meter
Nanometer
Low-Latency Monitoring
M-S Stereo
Nyquist Frequency
38. (AES/EBU); 110O - 2- channel balanced digital audio cable with an XLR connection; NOT a mic cable!!
AES3
Lossless
Sample Rate
Entropy Coding
39. A frequency specified for a filter (digital or electronic) the marks the point at which the frequency content of a signal is altered +/- 3dB
Cutoff Frequency
Coaxial
Resolution
Entropy Coding
40. Subtract place values from the decimal number and place ones or zeros in the correct places
Average Bit Rate
Joint Stereo
Algorithm
Decimal- to-Binary Conversion
41. DAW's and software must buffer when converting or bouncing and this latency can add up if not monitored
Conversion Buffering
DVD-5
Codec
CPU Buffering
42. Stores only one copy of a stereo signal and assigns it to both channels in order to save 50% of original bandwidth
Bit Rate
AoE Formats
Oversampling
Inter-Channel Redundancy
43. Uses entropy coding as the basis; Computer data compression algorithm that packages files such as .ZIP & .RAR
Joint Stereo
RMS Meter
Data Packing
Intensity Stereo
44. Very selective method of lowering buffer levels by halting different levels of audio processing
Psychoacoustics
Low-Latency Monitoring
Stapedes Reflex
dB/SPL
45. Single- pin RCA cable or fiber- optic TOSLINK connector used for digital transfer; 75O coaxial - 2- channel unbalanced; 'Consumer' format of AES3
Footroom
Frames
Coaxial
Sony-Philips Digital Interface Format (S/PDIF)
46. Measures the highest levels of a signal being recorded or mixed; Monitors for clipping - which occurs at 0dBFS); Does not always reflect perceived volume of signal
Peak Level
Redither
Lossy
Foldover
47. Number of bits per second processed when sampling sound; (Sampling Rate x Bit Depth) = Resolution
Bit Rate
Lossless Formats
Base 2 System
Amplitude Accuracy
48. Branch of psychology concerned with the subjective perception of sound
Joint Stereo
Spectrum Multiplication
Psychoacoustics
CPU Buffering
49. Having a repeated succession of waves or curves as in a sound waveform
Peak Level
Sinusoidal
Lossless Formats
0 dB FS
50. Lossless Format; Can hold up to 25GB on a single- layer disc and 50GB on a dual- layer disc
Dithering
Blu-Ray
European Broadcasting Union
A/D Conversion Signal Flow