SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Digital Audio
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. In order to play multiple channels at one time data is buffered as read to disk; Latency happens between play command & beginning of playback
Perceptual Coding
Playback Buffering
Floating Point
Index of Reflectivity
2. The art of deciding where to place a processor in signal flow based on how that processor will be influenced by the other processors in the path
Speed of Sound
Footroom
Gain Staging
Oversampling
3. The loudest point of a Full Scale system
Quantization Intervals
Footroom
Oscillation
0 dB FS
4. 'Capturing' part of digital audio; Never captures a signal perfectly
Audio over Ethernet (AoE)
A/D Conversion
Harry Nyquist
Lossy
5. HD Audio format; Lossless Compression; 24- bit/96 kHz; 5.1 Surround or 24- bit / 192 kHz stereo sound
Sony-Philips Digital Interface Format (S/PDIF)
Exponent
DVD-Audio
Blu-Ray
6. The difference in volume between the loudest and quietest sounds of a source
Base 2 System
Dynamic Range
Internal Resolution
Stapedes Reflex
7. The act of a frequency swinging back and forth with a steady - uninterrupted rhythm
Oscillation
Compression
SCMS
0 dB FS
8. Unit of measurement that is equal to one billionth of a meter
Blu-Ray
Nanometer
TOSLINK
Anti-Aliasing Filter
9. Fractional part of a floating- point number; Also called the mantissa; Defines precision
Significand
Requirements for CD Audio
Speed of Sound
Nyquist Frequency
10. Increases or decreases the digital signal so that the loudest sample is brought up to 0dBfs; Uses all bits from dynamic range and makes it even from track to track
Normalizing
Fletcher- Munson Curve
Floating Point
Word Clock
11. A sample- by- sample operation on two signals
Joseph Fourier
Convolution
Intensity
Dynamic Range
12. Branch of psychology concerned with the subjective perception of sound
Psychoacoustics
Lossless
Internal Resolution
Buffering Locations
13. AES
Ethernet
A/D Conversion Signal Flow
Audio Engineering Society
dBFS
14. Inner ear component that attaches to the stapes and helps to decrease the amplitude of vibrations; Causes the masking phenomenon
Stapedes Reflex
Additive Synthesis...
Successive Approximation
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
15. Digital Word -> Series of Resistors (each with assigned charges) -> Sample- and-Hold Circuit -> Anti-Imaging Filter (Smoothing Filter) -> Reconstructed Sample
Digital
Requirements for A/D Conversion
Intensity Stereo
D/A Conversion Signal Flow
16. Number or variable that represents the number of times the base of a power is used as a factor; Defines magnitude
Quantization Error
Exponent
MONO
Effective Bit Depth
17. Single- pin RCA cable or fiber- optic TOSLINK connector used for digital transfer; 75O coaxial - 2- channel unbalanced; 'Consumer' format of AES3
Constant Bit Rate
Aliasing
Cutoff Frequency
Sony-Philips Digital Interface Format (S/PDIF)
18. Signal that uses variable voltage to create continuous waves resulting in an inexact transmission
Word Clock
Sampling Theorem
Analog
Lossy Formats
19. Reference voltage determined by summing the voltage values of a predetermined number of previous samples; Numbers of 1 in row = waveform peak; Numbers of 0 in row = waveform trough; Basis of Sony's Direct Stream Digital (DSD)
TOSLINK
Pulse Density Modulation
Playback Buffering
DVD-Audio
20. Have odd numbered harmonics
Latency
DVD-10
Square Wave
Dithering
21. Found that aliasing was always a problem no matter how fast you sample; Less data recorded but more accurate; 2 samples per wave length.
Oscillation
Gain Staging
SCMS
Harry Nyquist
22. Eliminates frequencies above the Nyquist limit from becoming samples; Occurs prior to quantization
Index of Reflectivity
Equal Loudness Contour
Anti-Aliasing Filter
Subbands
23. The process of reducing the space required to store data by efficiently encoding the content.
Buffering Locations
Buffer Size
Convolution
Compression
24. The frequency range that is allowed through a filter
Pass Band
M-S Stereo
Constant Bit Rate
Variable Bit Rate
25. Reduces A/D sample rate from the oversampled rate to nominal rate by turning series of one- bit samples into a series of multi- bit PCM samples; (ex. => 2.8MHz sample rate converted to 44.1kHz and simultaneously converts 1-Bit samples to multi- bit);
Pad Head & Tail
SACD
Decimation Filter
DVD-10
26. Anytime bit depth is reduced the gap gets bigger so more dithering is required
Dolby 5.1
Perceptual Coding
Redither
Psychoacoustics
27. Uses entropy coding as the basis; Computer data compression algorithm that packages files such as .ZIP & .RAR
Successive Approximation
Additive Synthesis...
Floating Point
Data Packing
28. Difference in brightness between land and pit on a CD Physical Format
Dynamic Range
Index of Reflectivity
Quantization
Pad Head & Tail
29. Allowance of noise floor below that which is required for the final product
Base 2 System
Footroom
Masking Analysis...
D/A Conversion Signal Flow
30. A drive that can read and write on optical media that hold up to 50 GB on two layers; 24- bit/96 kHz for 8-Channel; 24- bit/192 kHz for 6-Channel
Frequency
Blu-Ray
Constant Bit Rate
Micron
31. 4.38 GB; SS/SL
Significand
Digital
DVD-5
Recording Levels
32. Overtones that contribute to the timbre of a sound and make up a complex waveform's physical characteristics
Algorithm
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
Normalizing
Harmonic Content
33. The frequency above or below which attenuation begins in a filter circuit
Low-Latency Monitoring
Zero-Latency Monitoring
Cutoff Frequency
Joseph Fourier
34. Unit of measurement that is equal to one millionth of a meter
Sinusoidal
Data Packing
Oversampling
Micron
35. Signal voltage is relayed to a register from sample- and - hold circuit; Holds reference frequencies in binary form that decrease in value; Finds approximated value & assigns binary number accordingly
Index of Reflectivity
Successive Approximation
Perceptual Coding
Physical Disc Format
36. Ratio of magnitude of the analytical signal to the magnitude of the background noise signal
Decimal- to-Binary Conversion
Entropy Coding
Signal- to- Noise Ratio
Compression
37. Eight channel digital surround sound system by Dolby
DVD-Audio
6 dB
Physical Disc Format
Dolby 7.1
38. Joint-Stereo Technique; Since the human brain is unable to localize sounds at high frequencies well sounds above 9 kHz threshold are encoded in mono
Peak Level
dB/FS
Intensity Stereo
PCM
39. Apple Lossless; Windows Media Lossless; DTS HD Master Audio; Dolby True HD; FLAC
D/A Conversion Signal Flow
Sine Wave
Lossless Formats
Lossy Formats
40. Specific set of instructions for carrying out a data reduction technique that determines how to 'save' binary data information efficiently
Algorithm
Word Clock
Requirements for CD Audio
Decimal- to-Binary Conversion
41. Contains all even and odd harmonics associated with a fundamental tone - making it a rich source for modeling other sounds; Amplitude of each overtone decreases exponentially as a ratio of the harmonic's frequency to that of the fundamental
Sawtooth Wave
Rarefaction
Harry Nyquist
Data Packing
42. The number of compressions or rarefactions in one second; The higher the frequency the more compressions & rarefactions per second; Measured in Hertz
Frequency
Physical Disc Format
Jitter
Peak Level
43. Measuring equipment in A/D conversion that processes voltage and provides a value for that voltage
Gain Staging
Sample- and-Hold
Pass Band
Quantizer
44. Ultra low- latency - 512- channel (on a gigabit network) - less flexible AoE format; Routed like audio cables...not network cables
Floating Point
EtherSound
Average Bit Rate
Aliasing
45. Based on psychoacoustics - these are the basis of frequency analysis for a perceptual codec;
Sinusoidal
Subbands
Nyquist Frequency
Dynamic Range
46. The mathematics - algorithms - and the techniques used to manipulate signals after they have been converted to digital form
Normalizing
Digital Signal Processing
Cutoff Frequency
Pad Head & Tail
47. Stores only one copy of a stereo signal and assigns it to both channels in order to save 50% of original bandwidth
Optical Cable
Inter-Channel Redundancy
Intensity Stereo
RMS Meter
48. Data reduction technique that selectively removes original information in order to significantly reduce the file size; Some data is lost; Files can be reduced up to 99% in size (90% with no perceived sound quality loss); Bit rate effects the perceive
Decimation Filter
Lossy
Oscillation
Cutoff Frequency
49. 1.) Bit Rate x Sample Rate (you'll get b/sec) 2.) Multiply by 60 if converting seconds to minutes 3.) Divide by 8 to convert bits to Bytes and get B/min 4.) Divide by 1 -024 to get KB/min and keep doing it until you get desired bit rate specification
Foldover
Blu-Ray
Word Clock
Storage Conversion Steps
50. Only 2 digits used; The value of each place (ones - hundreds - etc.) are as follows from greatest to least: 128 - 64 - 32 - 16 - 8 - 4 - 2 - 1
Base 2 System
D/A Conversion
Internal Resolution
Convolution