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Digital Audio

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Rate at which energy is drawn from a source that produces a flow of electricity in a circuit; Expressed in volts






2. Uses entropy coding as the basis; Computer data compression algorithm that packages files such as .ZIP & .RAR






3. Allowance of noise floor below that which is required for the final product






4. ADPCM; Pulse code modulation that produces a digital signal with a lower bit rate than standard PCM; Records only the difference between samples






5. Most significant lossless coding technique in current use; Measure of disorder in which long strings of data are represented by short symbols and uses the shortest symbols to represent the most common repetitive audio data maximizing data reduction






6. More accuracy in low amplitudes and less in higher amplitudes






7. Describes acceptable data - performances both offered and essential for a disc player - and the complete user experience






8. Reference voltage determined by summing the voltage values of a predetermined number of previous samples; Numbers of 1 in row = waveform peak; Numbers of 0 in row = waveform trough; Basis of Sony's Direct Stream Digital (DSD)






9. Root Mean Square; Refers to taking the square root of all instantaneous amplitudes; Takes the average of those squares; (-6 Peak Level is approximately equal to -20 RMS)






10. Electromagnetic receptor that detects the radiation known as visible light






11. Unit of measurement that is equal to one millionth of a meter






12. Roughly around 1 -130 ft/s






13. A sample- by- sample operation on two signals






14. Full Scale; Type of metering that measures level in digital recording system; Recording and Mixing levels should NEVER exceed 0dB FS in digital audio or clipping will occur






15. Process of building a complex tone by starting with the fundamental frequency and adding pure tone harmonics






16. Reduces the percieved distortion due to quantization error; Low level white noise source is introduced to make the profile of the quantization 'noise' more irregular; Useful when reducing the number of bits per word in a signal (i.e. when converting






17. Sum of all harmonics; Sum of sine and cosine waves which have frequencies f - 2f - 3f - 4f...






18. 16-Bit; 44.1 kHz; PCM; Stereo






19. Governs the frequency response of a digital system; The highest- frequency component that can be captured with a sampling rate; always 1/2 of sampling rate; Also called the limiting frequency






20. Signal that uses variable voltage to create continuous waves resulting in an inexact transmission






21. Take up half as many bits (50%); Algorithm can keep same quality by lossing the stereo track






22. A method of representing real numbers using a mantissa and an exponent






23. The difference in volume between the loudest and quietest sounds of a source






24. EBU






25. AAC (Advanced Audio Coding); MP3; RA; WMA; OGG Vorbis; Dolby Digital/AC-3; DTS; ADPCM






26. As sample rate is increased more room is created for a smoother slope of the attenuation band because Nyquist limit extends well beyond range of hearing with each increase






27. The continuous loss of signal strengths as a signal travels through a medium






28. A drive that can read and write on optical media that hold up to 50 GB on two layers; 24- bit/96 kHz for 8-Channel; 24- bit/192 kHz for 6-Channel






29. The loudest point of a Full Scale system






30. Digital (binary) measurements of how long each pulse is either on or off; Width of increasing voltage or decreasing voltage is assigned a 1 or 0 respectively






31. Unit of measurement that is equal to one billionth of a meter






32. When recording you want the smallest buffer available; When mixing you want the largest buffer available






33. (Amplitude Based) Amplitude: Voltage; Quantization; Bit Depth; Quantization Intervals; Quantization Noise; [Signal:Quantization Noise Ratio]; Dither; Dynamic Range






34. ABR; Codecs that encode data by determining how dense or sparse areas of the audio are while also keeping bit rate within specified limits to avoid rebuffering






35. The art of deciding where to place a processor in signal flow based on how that processor will be influenced by the other processors in the path






36. Signal conversions are mixed with playback tracks resulting in near-zero latency






37. Improper (false) sampling of high frequencies that cause much lower frequencies to be produced when the audio is reconstructed; Foldover happens at higher frequencies as harmonics reach levels that exceed the Nyquist limit.






38. Accuracy with which an electronic system reproduces the sound or image of its input signal






39. Playback; I/O Connections; CPU (Streaming); Conversion from DAW or Software






40. Father of modern information theory; Solidified the Nyquist Theory by adding the concept that bits per second (binary representation of audio signals) must be at equal intervals to accurately represent data






41. 8- in/8- out on one cable; 25- pin D- sub connector






42. Pertaining to hearing or sound; Combination of the intensity of air pressure molecules with amplitude






43. Apple Lossless; Windows Media Lossless; DTS HD Master Audio; Dolby True HD; FLAC






44. French mathematician that noted that any complex sound can be broken down into a series of component pure tones






45. AES






46. Fractional part of a floating- point number; Also called the mantissa; Defines precision






47. Measuring equipment in A/D conversion that processes voltage and provides a value for that voltage






48. Deviation from a normal - steady pulse or tick of a clock that contributes to misrepresentation of a signal; Result of small timing irregularities that become magnified during the transmission of digital signals as the signals are passed from one dev






49. Very selective method of lowering buffer levels by halting different levels of audio processing






50. Measures the highest levels of a signal being recorded or mixed; Monitors for clipping - which occurs at 0dBFS); Does not always reflect perceived volume of signal






Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?



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