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Test your basic knowledge |
Digital Audio
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Allows for an internal sample rate at multiples of the input and output rates; Alleviates the need for steep 'brickwall' filters; Often combined with internal '1- bit' processing; Increases smoothing effect
Buffer Size
Oversampling
Voltage
Joseph Fourier
2. Waveform of a pure tone showing simple harmonic motion
Sine Wave
Cutoff Frequency
Joseph Fourier
Optical Cable
3. Only 2 digits used; The value of each place (ones - hundreds - etc.) are as follows from greatest to least: 128 - 64 - 32 - 16 - 8 - 4 - 2 - 1
Base 2 System
Sampling Rule
European Broadcasting Union
Footroom
4. Visual graph that shows how loud a sound is at different frequencies
Sonogram
Footroom
Impulse Response
AoE Formats
5. Serial Copy Management System; main difference between AES3 & S/PIDF
Multichannel Audio Digital Interface (MADI)
Harmonic Content
SCMS
Headroom Bits
6. Describes various optical disc characteristics including the size and shape of the disc - the size of pits - the speed at which the disc spins - and a multitude of aspects regarding the specifications of the player itself
Transfer Protocol
CobraNet
Sonogram
Physical Disc Format
7. More aggressive lossy data reduction techniques that require further manipulation of the stereo field; Examples are 'Intensity' & 'M-S'
Latency
Buffering Locations
Joint Stereo
Inter-Channel Redundancy
8. High Pressure - Part of a longitudinal wave where the particles of the medium are close together
Nanometer
Successive Approximation
Anti-Imaging Filter
Compression
9. In order to play multiple channels at one time data is buffered as read to disk; Latency happens between play command & beginning of playback
6 dB
Glass Master
Playback Buffering
Delta-Sigma Modulation
10. Anytime bit depth is reduced the gap gets bigger so more dithering is required
Conversion Buffering
Redither
Decoder
Audio Engineering Society
11. Algorithm uses matrix of a mid/side microphone pair to determine a side signal & that signal is reduced then distributed as code in stereo
AES3
M-S Stereo
Interpolation Filter
Lossless Formats
12. Ultra low- latency - 512- channel (on a gigabit network) - less flexible AoE format; Routed like audio cables...not network cables
EtherSound
Normalizing
Base 2 System
Nanometer
13. Allowance of noise floor below that which is required for the final product
Floating Point
SACD
Footroom
Pulse Width Modulation
14. Roughly around 1 -130 ft/s
Joint Stereo
Speed of Sound
D/A Conversion Signal Flow
Codec
15. Pertaining to hearing or sound; Combination of the intensity of air pressure molecules with amplitude
Nyquist Frequency
Acoustics
Codec
Direct Stream Digital
16. Based on Full Scale (dB/FS); -6dB represents a loss of one bit so account for this when calculating
Sinusoidal
Class - D Amplifier
Algorithm
Effective Bit Depth
17. Governs the frequency response of a digital system; The highest- frequency component that can be captured with a sampling rate; always 1/2 of sampling rate; Also called the limiting frequency
Low-Latency Monitoring
M-S Stereo
Nyquist Frequency
Rarefaction
18. Increases or decreases the digital signal so that the loudest sample is brought up to 0dBfs; Uses all bits from dynamic range and makes it even from track to track
Digital
CobraNet
Normalizing
Quantization Intervals
19. Difference in brightness between land and pit on a CD Physical Format
Convolution
Analog
Requirements for CD Audio
Index of Reflectivity
20. Improper (false) sampling of high frequencies that cause much lower frequencies to be produced when the audio is reconstructed; Foldover happens at higher frequencies as harmonics reach levels that exceed the Nyquist limit.
Quantization
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
Aliasing
CobraNet
21. Reduces A/D sample rate from the oversampled rate to nominal rate by turning series of one- bit samples into a series of multi- bit PCM samples; (ex. => 2.8MHz sample rate converted to 44.1kHz and simultaneously converts 1-Bit samples to multi- bit);
Decimation Filter
Pass Band
Amplitude Accuracy
Physical Disc Format
22. Measures the highest levels of a signal being recorded or mixed; Monitors for clipping - which occurs at 0dBFS); Does not always reflect perceived volume of signal
Decimal- to-Binary Conversion
Data Packing
Compression
Peak Level
23. 15.9 GB; DS/DL
Y-Axis Terminology
Buffering Locations
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
DVD-18
24. Having a repeated succession of waves or curves as in a sound waveform
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
Recording Levels
Quantization Intervals
Sinusoidal
25. Have odd numbered harmonics
Square Wave
Intensity Stereo
Spectrum Multiplication
Recording Levels
26. The loudest point of a Full Scale system
0 dB FS
Optical Cable
Playback Buffering
Lossy Formats
27. Discrete incremental distinctions made between the value of one sample and the next; Breaks down bit depth into a series of evenly spaced intervals
Quantizer
Successive Approximation
Lightpipe
Quantization Intervals
28. The process of reducing the space required to store data by efficiently encoding the content.
Requirements for CD Audio
Compression
Intensity Stereo
Harry Nyquist
29. Very selective method of lowering buffer levels by halting different levels of audio processing
0 dB FS
Low-Latency Monitoring
Lossy Formats
RMS
30. 'Capturing' part of digital audio; Never captures a signal perfectly
Quantizer
A/D Conversion
Fletcher- Munson Curve
Nanometer
31. Twice as many samples as the highest frequency at minimum; Sampling rate totally controls frequency response
Sampling Rule
Delta-Sigma Modulation
Exponent
MONO
32. The art of deciding where to place a processor in signal flow based on how that processor will be influenced by the other processors in the path
Sampling Theorem
Direct Stream Digital
Overflow
Gain Staging
33. Computer program or device capable of encoding and/or decoding a digital data stream with the end result being a reduced file size
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
Codec
A/D Conversion Signal Flow
Quantizer
34. Smallest interval measurable by a scientific instrument; Defined by bit rate (sample rate x bit depth)
Spectrum Multiplication
Resolution
Bit Depth
Overflow
35. The amount of energy at each wavelength
Spectra
Pulse Code Modulation
TOSLINK
Effective Bit Depth
36. Reduces the percieved distortion due to quantization error; Low level white noise source is introduced to make the profile of the quantization 'noise' more irregular; Useful when reducing the number of bits per word in a signal (i.e. when converting
Dithering
DVD-18
Intensity
Requirements for CD Audio
37. Represents the amplitude component of the digital sampling process; Technique of incrementing a continuous analog event into a discrete set of binary digits (bits)
Quantization
Algorithm
Signal- to- Noise Ratio
DVD-18
38. 7.95 GB; SS/DL
Motion Pictures Experts Group
DVD-9
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
Nanometer
39. Accuracy with which an electronic system reproduces the sound or image of its input signal
Overflow
Fidelity
Psychoacoustics
Threshold of Hearing
40. 1.) Taking a series of evenly- spaced measurements 2.) Signal contains no frequency components higher than half the sample rate
Joint Stereo
Oversampling
Requirements for A/D Conversion
Sonogram
41. Same as 'aliasing'
Stapedes Reflex
D/A Conversion Signal Flow
Quantizer
Foldover
42. Measure of sound pressure over the frequency spectrum - for which a listener perceives a constant loudness when presented with pure steady tones
Equal Loudness Contour
Pulse Density Modulation
Buffering Locations
AES3
43. Method of representing an acoustic quantity with a series of binary numbers; Can have only specific individually distinct values
Intensity
Dynamic Range
Digital
Decimation Filter
44. Very quiet digital amplifier that produces a series of output pulses with the audio signal coded the same as the width of the output pulses; Pulses are used to represent wave forms and are either on or off; Intense signals have long pulses with short
Glass Master
Class - D Amplifier
DVD-18
Gain Staging
45. Signal conversions are mixed with playback tracks resulting in near-zero latency
DVD-14
Pulse Width Modulation
Algorithm
Direct Monitoring
46. Electromagnetic receptor that detects the radiation known as visible light
Photoreceptor
Psychoacoustics
PCM
Bit Rate
47. 12.33 GB; DS/ML
Motion Pictures Experts Group
Optical Cable
DVD-9
DVD-14
48. Leaving space at beginning and ending of song for data crunching during mastering; Last step in mastering process
Direct Monitoring
Requirements for CD Audio
Sampling Rule
Pad Head & Tail
49. Digital Word -> Series of Resistors (each with assigned charges) -> Sample- and-Hold Circuit -> Anti-Imaging Filter (Smoothing Filter) -> Reconstructed Sample
CPU Buffering
Speed of Sound
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
D/A Conversion Signal Flow
50. The more bits allocated during quantization - the more accurate the measurement
Bit Depth Effect on Dynamic Range
Conversion Buffering
DVD-Audio
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)