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Test your basic knowledge |
Digital Audio
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Decibels Full Scale
dBFS
Normalizing
Significand
Square Wave
2. The set of rules that computers use to move files from one computer to another on an internet
Normalizing
Blu-Ray
Transfer Protocol
D/A Conversion Signal Flow
3. Based on Full Scale (dB/FS); -6dB represents a loss of one bit so account for this when calculating
Direct Monitoring
AoE Formats
Effective Bit Depth
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
4. Computer program or device capable of encoding and/or decoding a digital data stream with the end result being a reduced file size
CPU Buffering
Codec
D/A Conversion
Average Bit Rate
5. Allows for an internal sample rate at multiples of the input and output rates; Alleviates the need for steep 'brickwall' filters; Often combined with internal '1- bit' processing; Increases smoothing effect
Pulse Density Modulation
Sampling Rule
Direct Stream Digital
Oversampling
6. Series of dots and dashes representing the letters of the alphabet; Most common letters are represented by the shortest dots and dashes; Example of entropy coding
Morse Code
Floating Point
Decoder
DVD-5
7. Mixing data and control characters in a single operation
Optical Cable
Harry Nyquist
Equal Loudness Contour
Interleaved
8. Cable used to transmit data; Inner cable is surrounded by a plastic insulator - which is surrounded by a wire mesh conductor that insulates the internal signal wire from external interference and an outer casing that functions as a ground
Oversampling
Coaxial
Algorithm
Audio over Ethernet (AoE)
9. French mathematician that noted that any complex sound can be broken down into a series of component pure tones
SCMS
Joseph Fourier
MONO
Quantization
10. Measure of the amplitude of a longitudinal wave
Sampling Rule
Data Packing
Intensity
SCMS
11. Eight channel digital surround sound system by Dolby
Sine Wave
Dolby 7.1
Frequency
dBFS
12. Occurs as data is assembled into meaningful bits or information and as left & right channels are separated
Codec
Lossy Formats
I/O Connection Buffering
Morse Code
13. High channel count; 64 channels on one cable; Coaxial cable with BNC connector or fiber optic with ST1 connector
dB/SPL
Multichannel Audio Digital Interface (MADI)
Joint Stereo
Conversion Buffering
14. The ability of a digital system to perform complex DSP without running into problems with overflow or loss of resolution
Peak Level
Lossless
Internal Resolution
Rarefaction
15. 'Capturing' part of digital audio; Never captures a signal perfectly
Intensity Stereo
Entropy Coding
Subbands
A/D Conversion
16. Data is transmitted over fiber optic lines; Uses a TOSLINK connecter instead of an RCA type; Can transmit multi- channel audio; Not susceptible to ground hum and loops; Able to support far higher rates of data transfer over greater distances than coa
Optical Cable
Analog
Harry Nyquist
Dynamic Range
17. Number of bits used to represent the smallest unit of information in an audio file; Greater bit depth = better quality audio
CobraNet
Bit Depth
Redither
Physical Disc Format
18. Method of sampling data at a higher resolution (higher sample rate) as a means of reducing harmonic content during D/A conversion; (x2) oversampling gets rid of all odd harmonic content
Oversampling
Variable Bit Rate
CobraNet
Blu-Ray
19. Used as the main disc from which other discs are made; Composed of ground glass with a very fine photoresistor layer; An imaging laser burns pit and land patterns in preparation for duplication
Glass Master
Claude Shannon
Compression
Gain Staging
20. A digital filter's time domain output sequence when the input is a single sample is input
Impulse Response
Buffering Locations
Oversampling
Storage Conversion Steps
21. The loudest point of a Full Scale system
Claude Shannon
Motion Pictures Experts Group
A/D Conversion Signal Flow
0 dB FS
22. Increases D/A sample rate from nominal rate to oversampling rate by turning series multi- bit PCM samples into 1- bit samples; (ex. => 44.1kHz sample rate converted to 2.8MHz and simultaneously converts multi- bit samples to 1- bit); Low Pass Filter
Square Wave
Interpolation Filter
Jitter
X-Axis Terminology
23. Inner ear component that attaches to the stapes and helps to decrease the amplitude of vibrations; Causes the masking phenomenon
Red Book
DVD-14
Sinusoidal
Stapedes Reflex
24. Ultra low- latency - 512- channel (on a gigabit network) - less flexible AoE format; Routed like audio cables...not network cables
Pass Band
Jitter
Bit Depth Effect on Dynamic Range
EtherSound
25. Circuit that seizes voltage values with each tick of an A/D device's internal clock
Harry Nyquist
Nanometer
Sawtooth Wave
Sample- and-Hold
26. Based on psychoacoustics - these are the basis of frequency analysis for a perceptual codec;
Subbands
DVD-18
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
Bit Rate
27. Circuit that interprets the meaning of the symbols as they were chosen and arranged by the encode
Y-Axis Terminology
Decoder
Nyquist Frequency
Sinusoidal
28. A method of representing real numbers using a mantissa and an exponent
Nyquist Frequency
Floating Point
Lossy Formats
Anti-Aliasing Filter
29. Number or variable that represents the number of times the base of a power is used as a factor; Defines magnitude
Floating Point
Compression
Exponent
Peak Level
30. The number of compressions or rarefactions in one second; The higher the frequency the more compressions & rarefactions per second; Measured in Hertz
Class - D Amplifier
Frequency
Normalizing
dB/SPL
31. Same as 'aliasing'
DVD-18
Harmonic Content
Lossless Formats
Foldover
32. Root Mean Square; Refers to taking the square root of all instantaneous amplitudes; Takes the average of those squares; (-6 Peak Level is approximately equal to -20 RMS)
Photoreceptor
AoE Formats
RMS
Intensity Stereo
33. Signal conversions are mixed with playback tracks resulting in near-zero latency
Bit Depth Effect on Dynamic Range
CPU Buffering
Pass Band
Direct Monitoring
34. The process of reducing the space required to store data by efficiently encoding the content.
Compression
TOSLINK
Buffering Locations
Bit Rate
35. ADAT Optcal; 8- in/8- out on two cables; Fiber- optic - TOSLINK connector
Oversampling
Buffering
Lossless Formats
Lightpipe
36. Data reduction technique that selectively removes original information in order to significantly reduce the file size; Some data is lost; Files can be reduced up to 99% in size (90% with no perceived sound quality loss); Bit rate effects the perceive
Sony-Philips Digital Interface Format (S/PDIF)
Oscillation
Zero-Latency Monitoring
Lossy
37. 1.) Taking a series of evenly- spaced measurements 2.) Signal contains no frequency components higher than half the sample rate
Stapedes Reflex
Equal Loudness Contour
Buffering Locations
Requirements for A/D Conversion
38. Specific set of instructions for carrying out a data reduction technique that determines how to 'save' binary data information efficiently
D/A Conversion
Word Clock
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
Algorithm
39. Father of modern information theory; Solidified the Nyquist Theory by adding the concept that bits per second (binary representation of audio signals) must be at equal intervals to accurately represent data
Claude Shannon
0 dB FS
Decimal- to-Binary Conversion
Aliasing
40. Playback; I/O Connections; CPU (Streaming); Conversion from DAW or Software
Buffering Locations
Floating Point
Additive Synthesis...
Red Book
41. Smallest interval measurable by a scientific instrument; Defined by bit rate (sample rate x bit depth)
Floating Point
Quantizer
Cutoff Frequency
Resolution
42. Discrete incremental distinctions made between the value of one sample and the next; Breaks down bit depth into a series of evenly spaced intervals
Quantization Intervals
Spectra
Significand
Coaxial
43. Lossless Format; Can hold up to 25GB on a single- layer disc and 50GB on a dual- layer disc
Blu-Ray
Harmonic Content
Decoder
Fidelity
44. 4.38 GB; SS/SL
Oversampling
DVD-5
Aliasing
Inter-Channel Redundancy
45. AES
Square Wave
Audio Engineering Society
Quantization Intervals
PCM
46. Sony sigma- delta modulation based technology that bypasses the decimation and interpolation steps found in PCM converters
Data Packing
Buffer Size
SCMS
Direct Stream Digital
47. The art of deciding where to place a processor in signal flow based on how that processor will be influenced by the other processors in the path
Successive Approximation
Blu-Ray
Gain Staging
A/D Conversion
48. Defines the number of sample per second taken from a continuous signal to make a discrete signal; Governs the frequency response of digital audio
Psychoacoustics
MONO
Sample Rate
Audio Engineering Society
49. The frequency range that is allowed through a filter
Pass Band
Sample Rate Effect on Anti-Aliasing
AoE Formats
Algorithm
50. Toshiba developed digital audio interface utilizes fiber optics as a transmission medium.
Red Book
Lossless Formats
TOSLINK
Interleaved