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Test your basic knowledge |
Digital Audio
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 'Capturing' part of digital audio; Never captures a signal perfectly
Fourier Series
A/D Conversion
DVD-18
Sample Rate
2. The continuous loss of signal strengths as a signal travels through a medium
Pulse Code Modulation
Speed of Sound
Y-Axis Terminology
Attenuation
3. The set of rules that computers use to move files from one computer to another on an internet
DVD-5
Cutoff Frequency
Stapedes Reflex
Transfer Protocol
4. Signal that uses variable voltage to create continuous waves resulting in an inexact transmission
Overflow
Constant Bit Rate
Analog
Recording Levels
5. Only 2 digits used; The value of each place (ones - hundreds - etc.) are as follows from greatest to least: 128 - 64 - 32 - 16 - 8 - 4 - 2 - 1
European Broadcasting Union
Base 2 System
Optical Cable
Requirements for CD Audio
6. CobraNet; EtherSound; Dante; AVB (currently under development)
Audio Engineering Society
Dolby 7.1
Lossless Formats
AoE Formats
7. Stores only one copy of a stereo signal and assigns it to both channels in order to save 50% of original bandwidth
Resolution
Transfer Protocol
Quantization Intervals
Inter-Channel Redundancy
8. Digital Word -> Series of Resistors (each with assigned charges) -> Sample- and-Hold Circuit -> Anti-Imaging Filter (Smoothing Filter) -> Reconstructed Sample
Nanometer
Intensity Stereo
Edit Decision List
D/A Conversion Signal Flow
9. Sony sigma- delta modulation based technology that bypasses the decimation and interpolation steps found in PCM converters
Quantization Error
Internal Resolution
Direct Stream Digital
0 dB FS
10. Unit of measurement that is equal to one millionth of a meter
Micron
Nanometer
Digital Signal Processing
Pulse Code Modulation
11. Low Pressure; Part in a longitudinal wave where the particles are spread apart
Index of Reflectivity
Edit Decision List
Rarefaction
Frequency
12. Rate at which energy is drawn from a source that produces a flow of electricity in a circuit; Expressed in volts
Transfer Protocol
Sampling Rule
Voltage
Equal Loudness Contour
13. 1.) Bit Rate x Sample Rate (you'll get b/sec) 2.) Multiply by 60 if converting seconds to minutes 3.) Divide by 8 to convert bits to Bytes and get B/min 4.) Divide by 1 -024 to get KB/min and keep doing it until you get desired bit rate specification
Storage Conversion Steps
Frequency
Class - D Amplifier
Algorithm
14. Waveform of a pure tone showing simple harmonic motion
6 dB
Sine Wave
Subbands
Pulse Width Modulation
15. Based on Full Scale (dB/FS); -6dB represents a loss of one bit so account for this when calculating
Effective Bit Depth
Requirements for CD Audio
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
Sample Rate
16. Psychoacoustic model of data reduction used for general audio compression that aims to transmit only features perceptible to the human ear; Useful for mastering streaming media
Perceptual Coding
Intensity
Peak Level
M-S Stereo
17. Level above which audible sounds are painful (125 - 130 db)
Entropy Coding
Threshold of Pain
Stapedes Reflex
Significand
18. As sample rate is increased more room is created for a smoother slope of the attenuation band because Nyquist limit extends well beyond range of hearing with each increase
Playback Buffering
Sample Rate Effect on Anti-Aliasing
Subbands
M-S Stereo
19. Branch of psychology concerned with the subjective perception of sound
Lossy
Compression
Psychoacoustics
Effective Bit Depth
20. More accuracy in low amplitudes and less in higher amplitudes
Storage Conversion Steps
Ethernet
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
Amplitude Accuracy
21. Industry Standards: -6 dB Peak = -20 RMS Meter
A/D Conversion Signal Flow
Jitter
Recording Levels
Compression
22. Specific set of instructions for carrying out a data reduction technique that determines how to 'save' binary data information efficiently
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
Algorithm
Gain Staging
Coaxial
23. (AES/EBU); 110O - 2- channel balanced digital audio cable with an XLR connection; NOT a mic cable!!
Glass Master
AES3
Sampling (Samples)
dBFS
24. Leaving space at beginning and ending of song for data crunching during mastering; Last step in mastering process
Decimal- to-Binary Conversion
Pad Head & Tail
Anti-Imaging Filter
Coaxial
25. Process of building a complex tone by starting with the fundamental frequency and adding pure tone harmonics
Joint Stereo
Threshold of Hearing
Additive Synthesis...
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
26. A situation where a calculated value cannot fit into the number of digits reserved for it
Overflow
Headroom Bits
Glass Master
Compression
27. Root Mean Square; Refers to taking the square root of all instantaneous amplitudes; Takes the average of those squares; (-6 Peak Level is approximately equal to -20 RMS)
Pulse Density Modulation
RMS
Blu-Ray
Digital
28. Signal voltage is relayed to a register from sample- and - hold circuit; Holds reference frequencies in binary form that decrease in value; Finds approximated value & assigns binary number accordingly
Y-Axis Terminology
Red Book
Direct Stream Digital
Successive Approximation
29. (Amplitude Based) Amplitude: Voltage; Quantization; Bit Depth; Quantization Intervals; Quantization Noise; [Signal:Quantization Noise Ratio]; Dither; Dynamic Range
Y-Axis Terminology
Data Packing
Class - D Amplifier
Dithering
30. Used as the main disc from which other discs are made; Composed of ground glass with a very fine photoresistor layer; An imaging laser burns pit and land patterns in preparation for duplication
Joseph Fourier
Glass Master
Sonogram
Analog
31. Also known as equal loudness curves; Graph that indicates the average ear sensitivity to different frequencies at different SPL levels (as volume increases - these curves flatten out)
Fletcher- Munson Curve
D/A Conversion
Audio Engineering Society
Sample- and-Hold
32. Describes acceptable data - performances both offered and essential for a disc player - and the complete user experience
Base 2 System
Multichannel Audio Digital Interface (MADI)
SCMS
Logical Format
33. Measurement at regular intervals of the amplitude of a varying waveform (in order to convert it to digital form); There must be a minimum of 2 samples for each cycle in a waveform
Quantizer
Sampling (Samples)
Rarefaction
Storage Conversion Steps
34. Uses entropy coding as the basis; Computer data compression algorithm that packages files such as .ZIP & .RAR
Sample- and-Hold
Data Packing
Floating Point
Equal Loudness Contour
35. The ability of a digital system to perform complex DSP without running into problems with overflow or loss of resolution
Internal Resolution
Dolby 7.1
Physical Disc Format
Exponent
36. The difference between the analog value and the approximated digital value due to the 'rounding' that occurs while converting the analog signal to digital
Quantization Error
Resolution
Optical Cable
Threshold of Hearing
37. ADPCM; Pulse code modulation that produces a digital signal with a lower bit rate than standard PCM; Records only the difference between samples
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
European Broadcasting Union
Recording Levels
D/A Conversion
38. Data is transmitted over fiber optic lines; Uses a TOSLINK connecter instead of an RCA type; Can transmit multi- channel audio; Not susceptible to ground hum and loops; Able to support far higher rates of data transfer over greater distances than coa
Attenuation
Square Wave
Optical Cable
A/D Conversion Signal Flow
39. A time regulator that makes all samples and bits to align when working with interconnected digital devices; Basically a signal that all of the digital devices refer to when operating.
Word Clock
Photoreceptor
Base 2 System
Threshold of Hearing
40. Full Scale; Type of metering that measures level in digital recording system; Recording and Mixing levels should NEVER exceed 0dB FS in digital audio or clipping will occur
Cutoff Frequency
dB/FS
Buffering
PCM
41. Six channel (five speakers and one subwoofer for bass) digital surround sound system by Dolby
Dolby 5.1
Quantization Error
Lossy Formats
Decimal- to-Binary Conversion
42. Algorithm uses matrix of a mid/side microphone pair to determine a side signal & that signal is reduced then distributed as code in stereo
Edit Decision List
M-S Stereo
Sampling Rule
Square Wave
43. The more bits allocated during quantization - the more accurate the measurement
Quantization
Bit Depth Effect on Dynamic Range
Analog
Compression
44. Improper (false) sampling of high frequencies that cause much lower frequencies to be produced when the audio is reconstructed; Foldover happens at higher frequencies as harmonics reach levels that exceed the Nyquist limit.
Pad Head & Tail
Aliasing
Motion Pictures Experts Group
Algorithm
45. Pertaining to hearing or sound; Combination of the intensity of air pressure molecules with amplitude
Buffering Locations
Acoustics
Lossless
Anti-Imaging Filter
46. The difference in volume between the loudest and quietest sounds of a source
Fourier Series
Sampling Rule
Dynamic Range
Oscillation
47. 8.75 GB; DS/SL
Delta-Sigma Modulation
6 dB
DVD-10
Subbands
48. Removes high frequency images and noise and smoothes the stair case output coming from of the sample and hold circuit; Also called a SMOOTHING FILTER
Buffering
Interpolation Filter
Equal Loudness Contour
Anti-Imaging Filter
49. High channel count; 64 channels on one cable; Coaxial cable with BNC connector or fiber optic with ST1 connector
TOSLINK
AoE Formats
Multichannel Audio Digital Interface (MADI)
Lightpipe
50. Digital and analog processing capability is combined on a single microchip allowing for 1- bit resolution at high sample rates
Significand
Delta-Sigma Modulation
Direct Monitoring
Lossless