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Test your basic knowledge |
Digital Audio
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Represents the amplitude component of the digital sampling process; Technique of incrementing a continuous analog event into a discrete set of binary digits (bits)
Algorithm
Redither
Pass Band
Quantization
2. A sample- by- sample operation on two signals
DVD-10
Exponent
Sample Rate
Convolution
3. Contains all even and odd harmonics associated with a fundamental tone - making it a rich source for modeling other sounds; Amplitude of each overtone decreases exponentially as a ratio of the harmonic's frequency to that of the fundamental
Quantization
Sawtooth Wave
Codec
Sonogram
4. A drive that can read and write on optical media that hold up to 50 GB on two layers; 24- bit/96 kHz for 8-Channel; 24- bit/192 kHz for 6-Channel
Word Clock
Direct Stream Digital
Intensity Stereo
Blu-Ray
5. Sample Rate x Bit Depth x # of Channels
Square Wave
Decoder
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
Latency
6. High channel count; 64 channels on one cable; Coaxial cable with BNC connector or fiber optic with ST1 connector
Multichannel Audio Digital Interface (MADI)
dBFS
Lossless
0 dB FS
7. Digital and analog processing capability is combined on a single microchip allowing for 1- bit resolution at high sample rates
RMS Meter
Fidelity
Floating Point
Delta-Sigma Modulation
8. Channels are processed one at a time and the results are stored on multiple CPU buffers that alternately send data as DAW requests the data for playback; First few seconds are relayed to the buffer prior to processing and playback and it continuously
CPU Buffering
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
Entropy Coding
Lossless Formats
9. Overtones that contribute to the timbre of a sound and make up a complex waveform's physical characteristics
Compression
Harmonic Content
Zero-Latency Monitoring
Requirements for A/D Conversion
10. Sony sigma- delta modulation based technology that bypasses the decimation and interpolation steps found in PCM converters
Decoder
Direct Stream Digital
Sample Rate
Sampling Theorem
11. VBR; Most common & best data reduction technique; Codecs that encode data by determining how dense or sparse areas of the audio are; Can result in buffering issues
Variable Bit Rate
Physical Disc Format
Pulse Code Modulation
Joint Stereo
12. Mixing data and control characters in a single operation
Interleaved
Recording Levels
Sony-Philips Digital Interface Format (S/PDIF)
Index of Reflectivity
13. Psychoacoustic model of data reduction used for general audio compression that aims to transmit only features perceptible to the human ear; Useful for mastering streaming media
Dolby 5.1
Square Wave
Perceptual Coding
Masking Analysis...
14. 7.95 GB; SS/DL
Convolution
Attenuation
Buffering
DVD-9
15. Number or variable that represents the number of times the base of a power is used as a factor; Defines magnitude
Exponent
Analog
Compression
Signal- to- Noise Ratio
16. The frequency above or below which attenuation begins in a filter circuit
Audio Engineering Society
Cutoff Frequency
Quantizer
Word Clock
17. Series of dots and dashes representing the letters of the alphabet; Most common letters are represented by the shortest dots and dashes; Example of entropy coding
Recording Levels
Morse Code
Harmonic Content
Red Book
18. The continuous loss of signal strengths as a signal travels through a medium
Attenuation
AoE Formats
Index of Reflectivity
Intensity Stereo
19. The number of compressions or rarefactions in one second; The higher the frequency the more compressions & rarefactions per second; Measured in Hertz
Sine Wave
Frequency
Zero-Latency Monitoring
Audio over Ethernet (AoE)
20. Increases or decreases the digital signal so that the loudest sample is brought up to 0dBfs; Uses all bits from dynamic range and makes it even from track to track
Sonogram
Normalizing
Pulse Code Modulation
Floating Point
21. Same as 'aliasing'
Sampling (Samples)
Bit Depth Effect on Dynamic Range
Masking Analysis...
Foldover
22. CobraNet; EtherSound; Dante; AVB (currently under development)
AoE Formats
Harmonic Content
Bit Depth
Stapedes Reflex
23. Electromagnetic receptor that detects the radiation known as visible light
Buffer Size
Photoreceptor
EtherSound
Constant Bit Rate
24. Only 2 digits used; The value of each place (ones - hundreds - etc.) are as follows from greatest to least: 128 - 64 - 32 - 16 - 8 - 4 - 2 - 1
I/O Connection Buffering
Low-Latency Monitoring
Base 2 System
Aliasing
25. 1st commercially successful AoE format for the transmission of digital audio - video - and control signals over 64- channel 100Mbps Ethernet networks
CobraNet
Bit Depth
Pulse Density Modulation
0 dB FS
26. The difference between the analog value and the approximated digital value due to the 'rounding' that occurs while converting the analog signal to digital
Quantization Error
Analog
Lossless
Sampling (Samples)
27. Reference voltage determined by summing the voltage values of a predetermined number of previous samples; Numbers of 1 in row = waveform peak; Numbers of 0 in row = waveform trough; Basis of Sony's Direct Stream Digital (DSD)
Sine Wave
Pulse Density Modulation
Buffering
SACD
28. Describes acceptable data - performances both offered and essential for a disc player - and the complete user experience
DVD-9
Sine Wave
dB/FS
Logical Format
29. (Time Based) Frequency: Aliasing; Anti-Aliasing Filter; Sample Rate; Nyquist Limit
X-Axis Terminology
Perceptual Coding
Impulse Response
Delta-Sigma Modulation
30. Data reduction technique that selectively removes original information in order to significantly reduce the file size; Some data is lost; Files can be reduced up to 99% in size (90% with no perceived sound quality loss); Bit rate effects the perceive
Direct Monitoring
Sample- and-Hold
Quantization Intervals
Lossy
31. Pertaining to hearing or sound; Combination of the intensity of air pressure molecules with amplitude
Algorithm
Acoustics
Glass Master
Buffer Size
32. 15.9 GB; DS/DL
Footroom
Pulse Width Modulation
DVD-18
Noise Shaping
33. ABR; Codecs that encode data by determining how dense or sparse areas of the audio are while also keeping bit rate within specified limits to avoid rebuffering
dB/FS
Y-Axis Terminology
Peak Level
Average Bit Rate
34. The ability of a digital system to perform complex DSP without running into problems with overflow or loss of resolution
Claude Shannon
Motion Pictures Experts Group
Frequency
Internal Resolution
35. Allowance of noise floor below that which is required for the final product
Class - D Amplifier
Footroom
Successive Approximation
Optical Cable
36. Playback; I/O Connections; CPU (Streaming); Conversion from DAW or Software
Effective Bit Depth
Index of Reflectivity
Buffering Locations
Low-Latency Monitoring
37. Removes high frequency images and noise and smoothes the stair case output coming from of the sample and hold circuit; Also called a SMOOTHING FILTER
Anti-Imaging Filter
Optical Cable
Spectrum Multiplication
Recording Levels
38. The difference in volume between the loudest and quietest sounds of a source
M-S Stereo
AoE Formats
Dynamic Range
Aliasing
39. Circuit that seizes voltage values with each tick of an A/D device's internal clock
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
Sample- and-Hold
Joint Stereo
X-Axis Terminology
40. Six channel (five speakers and one subwoofer for bass) digital surround sound system by Dolby
Dolby 5.1
Sony-Philips Digital Interface Format (S/PDIF)
Pulse Width Modulation
Harmonic Content
41. Digital (binary) measurements of how long each pulse is either on or off; Width of increasing voltage or decreasing voltage is assigned a 1 or 0 respectively
SCMS
Algorithm
Pulse Width Modulation
Requirements for CD Audio
42. Smallest interval measurable by a scientific instrument; Defined by bit rate (sample rate x bit depth)
Variable Bit Rate
SCMS
Constant Bit Rate
Resolution
43. CBR; Codecs encodes data at a constant rate regardless of density of the audio file
Edit Decision List
Dithering
Direct Stream Digital
Constant Bit Rate
44. EBU
Requirements for A/D Conversion
European Broadcasting Union
dB/SPL
Cutoff Frequency
45. Samples are duplicated and the playback sampling rate correspondingly increased; Significantly raises the Nyquist limit to a range well beyond human hearing; Processing 'pushes' the distortion resulting from quantization error into these higher frequ
Noise Shaping
Compression
Square Wave
Zero-Latency Monitoring
46. Computer program or device capable of encoding and/or decoding a digital data stream with the end result being a reduced file size
Oversampling
Pulse Width Modulation
Data Packing
Codec
47. Level above which audible sounds are painful (125 - 130 db)
Threshold of Pain
Index of Reflectivity
Intensity
Sample- and-Hold
48. Rate at which energy is drawn from a source that produces a flow of electricity in a circuit; Expressed in volts
Voltage
Digital
Perceptual Coding
Algorithm
49. More aggressive lossy data reduction techniques that require further manipulation of the stereo field; Examples are 'Intensity' & 'M-S'
Significand
Joint Stereo
Sonogram
Buffer Size
50. EDL; Final list of samples used in the audio editing process; Identified by time code
Intensity
Edit Decision List
Interpolation Filter
Acoustics