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Test your basic knowledge |
Digital Audio
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Each bit in the bit depth is equal to a _____ increase in dynamic range
0 dB FS
6 dB
Red Book
Internal Resolution
2. Sony sigma- delta modulation based technology that bypasses the decimation and interpolation steps found in PCM converters
Sinusoidal
Harmonic Content
EtherSound
Direct Stream Digital
3. Toshiba developed digital audio interface utilizes fiber optics as a transmission medium.
Physical Disc Format
DVD-14
TOSLINK
Harmonic Content
4. Computer program or device capable of encoding and/or decoding a digital data stream with the end result being a reduced file size
Signal- to- Noise Ratio
Codec
Latency
A/D Conversion Signal Flow
5. Measures the highest levels of a signal being recorded or mixed; Monitors for clipping - which occurs at 0dBFS); Does not always reflect perceived volume of signal
Peak Level
CPU Buffering
Base 2 System
Sampling (Samples)
6. Measuring equipment in A/D conversion that processes voltage and provides a value for that voltage
Intensity
Quantizer
Spectrum Multiplication
Data Packing
7. The difference between the analog value and the approximated digital value due to the 'rounding' that occurs while converting the analog signal to digital
Quantization Error
Digital
Photoreceptor
DVD-5
8. Method of sampling data at a higher resolution (higher sample rate) as a means of reducing harmonic content during D/A conversion; (x2) oversampling gets rid of all odd harmonic content
Normalizing
Coaxial
Oversampling
Dolby 5.1
9. Represents the amplitude component of the digital sampling process; Technique of incrementing a continuous analog event into a discrete set of binary digits (bits)
Photoreceptor
Recording Levels
Quantization
Pulse Density Modulation
10. 7.95 GB; SS/DL
Lossless
Equal Loudness Contour
Stapedes Reflex
DVD-9
11. Sample Rate x Bit Depth x # of Channels
Bit Rate
Overflow
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
Buffering Locations
12. Sony and Philips optical disc format; Utilizes sigma delta DSD to offer higher resolution; 1- bit; 2.8224 MHz; 6-Channel
Frames
Harry Nyquist
SACD
Bit Depth
13. HD Audio format; Lossless Compression; 24- bit/96 kHz; 5.1 Surround or 24- bit / 192 kHz stereo sound
Average Bit Rate
TOSLINK
Sampling Rule
DVD-Audio
14. As sample rate is increased more room is created for a smoother slope of the attenuation band because Nyquist limit extends well beyond range of hearing with each increase
Low-Latency Monitoring
Coaxial
Pass Band
Sample Rate Effect on Anti-Aliasing
15. Multi-Bit Words; (Pulse Code Modulation)
PCM
Harry Nyquist
Oversampling
Gain Staging
16. CobraNet; EtherSound; Dante; AVB (currently under development)
A/D Conversion
0 dB FS
Frequency
AoE Formats
17. Found that aliasing was always a problem no matter how fast you sample; Less data recorded but more accurate; 2 samples per wave length.
RMS Meter
Sampling Rule
Requirements for A/D Conversion
Harry Nyquist
18. Very quiet digital amplifier that produces a series of output pulses with the audio signal coded the same as the width of the output pulses; Pulses are used to represent wave forms and are either on or off; Intense signals have long pulses with short
Jitter
Class - D Amplifier
2 Dimensions of Sound
CobraNet
19. (Time Based) Frequency: Aliasing; Anti-Aliasing Filter; Sample Rate; Nyquist Limit
Sampling Rule
Class - D Amplifier
Buffering Locations
X-Axis Terminology
20. Based on psychoacoustics - these are the basis of frequency analysis for a perceptual codec;
Optical Cable
Dolby 5.1
M-S Stereo
Subbands
21. EBU
European Broadcasting Union
Decoder
Physical Disc Format
Direct Monitoring
22. Removes high frequency images and noise and smoothes the stair case output coming from of the sample and hold circuit; Also called a SMOOTHING FILTER
Word Clock
I/O Connection Buffering
Variable Bit Rate
Anti-Imaging Filter
23. Leaving space at beginning and ending of song for data crunching during mastering; Last step in mastering process
Pad Head & Tail
SCMS
I/O Connection Buffering
Pass Band
24. The difference in volume between the loudest and quietest sounds of a source
Latency
Dynamic Range
Morse Code
Buffer Size
25. Occurs as data is assembled into meaningful bits or information and as left & right channels are separated
Glass Master
Square Wave
Nanometer
I/O Connection Buffering
26. Increases D/A sample rate from nominal rate to oversampling rate by turning series multi- bit PCM samples into 1- bit samples; (ex. => 44.1kHz sample rate converted to 2.8MHz and simultaneously converts multi- bit samples to 1- bit); Low Pass Filter
Bit Rate
RMS
Interpolation Filter
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
27. Sum of all harmonics; Sum of sine and cosine waves which have frequencies f - 2f - 3f - 4f...
Joint Stereo
Oversampling
Logical Format
Fourier Series
28. Increases or decreases the digital signal so that the loudest sample is brought up to 0dBfs; Uses all bits from dynamic range and makes it even from track to track
Lightpipe
Nyquist Frequency
Compression
Normalizing
29. Serial Copy Management System; main difference between AES3 & S/PIDF
Stapedes Reflex
Conversion Buffering
Exponent
SCMS
30. A drive that can read and write on optical media that hold up to 50 GB on two layers; 24- bit/96 kHz for 8-Channel; 24- bit/192 kHz for 6-Channel
Gain Staging
Sony-Philips Digital Interface Format (S/PDIF)
Blu-Ray
Word Clock
31. Playback; I/O Connections; CPU (Streaming); Conversion from DAW or Software
Buffering Locations
Frames
DVD-Audio
Lossless Formats
32. Anytime bit depth is reduced the gap gets bigger so more dithering is required
Pulse Width Modulation
Impulse Response
Joseph Fourier
Redither
33. Unit of measurement that is equal to one millionth of a meter
Micron
Claude Shannon
Dolby 7.1
Edit Decision List
34. Uses entropy coding as the basis; Computer data compression algorithm that packages files such as .ZIP & .RAR
Decimation Filter
Internal Resolution
Data Packing
Sample Rate Effect on Anti-Aliasing
35. (Amplitude Based) Amplitude: Voltage; Quantization; Bit Depth; Quantization Intervals; Quantization Noise; [Signal:Quantization Noise Ratio]; Dither; Dynamic Range
Joint Stereo
Decimal- to-Binary Conversion
Y-Axis Terminology
DVD-10
36. Measurement at regular intervals of the amplitude of a varying waveform (in order to convert it to digital form); There must be a minimum of 2 samples for each cycle in a waveform
Lossless Formats
Floating Point
Sampling (Samples)
CobraNet
37. Take up half as many bits (50%); Algorithm can keep same quality by lossing the stereo track
Psychoacoustics
Oversampling
Resolution
MONO
38. The amount of energy at each wavelength
Spectra
Lossy Formats
Codec
Fidelity
39. The number of compressions or rarefactions in one second; The higher the frequency the more compressions & rarefactions per second; Measured in Hertz
Frequency
Quantizer
Decoder
0 dB FS
40. Level above which audible sounds are painful (125 - 130 db)
Subbands
Dithering
Threshold of Pain
Sample Rate
41. 15.9 GB; DS/DL
PCM
DVD-18
Normalizing
Lossy
42. Signal conversions are mixed with playback tracks resulting in near-zero latency
Codec
Buffer Size
Perceptual Coding
Direct Monitoring
43. The elapsed time it takes for a packet of data to arrive at its destination; Lagging or pause of an audio signal as digital processing occurs; Can be managed utilizing several forms of 'audio monitoring'
Compression
Latency
Inter-Channel Redundancy
dB/SPL
44. Describes various optical disc characteristics including the size and shape of the disc - the size of pits - the speed at which the disc spins - and a multitude of aspects regarding the specifications of the player itself
2 Dimensions of Sound
Internal Resolution
Physical Disc Format
Anti-Imaging Filter
45. Industry Standards: -6 dB Peak = -20 RMS Meter
Buffering
Speed of Sound
Recording Levels
Bit Depth Effect on Dynamic Range
46. More aggressive lossy data reduction techniques that require further manipulation of the stereo field; Examples are 'Intensity' & 'M-S'
DVD-18
Joint Stereo
Digital
Internal Resolution
47. The process of reducing the space required to store data by efficiently encoding the content.
Square Wave
Headroom Bits
Compression
Decimation Filter
48. A network communications protocol that specifies how machines will exchange data; Uses a broadcast system in which one machine transmits its message on the communication medium and the other machines listen for messages directed to them
Claude Shannon
CobraNet
Ethernet
Sampling Rule
49. DAW's and software must buffer when converting or bouncing and this latency can add up if not monitored
PCM
2 Dimensions of Sound
Conversion Buffering
Amplitude Accuracy
50. Visual graph that shows how loud a sound is at different frequencies
DVD-18
Base 2 System
Storage Conversion Steps
Sonogram