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Test your basic knowledge |
Digital Audio
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. RAM holds in memory audio data before it is transferred to the memory controller; Certain amount of data is processed before large amounts of data are streamed to prevent latency
Fletcher- Munson Curve
Buffering
Intensity Stereo
Sample Rate
2. Waveform of a pure tone showing simple harmonic motion
Oscillation
Aliasing
Sine Wave
RMS Meter
3. 4.38 GB; SS/SL
DVD-5
2 Dimensions of Sound
Multichannel Audio Digital Interface (MADI)
Fourier Series
4. More accuracy in low amplitudes and less in higher amplitudes
Compression
Amplitude Accuracy
Constant Bit Rate
Data Packing
5. EBU
Cutoff Frequency
Subbands
European Broadcasting Union
Amplitude Accuracy
6. Describes acceptable data - performances both offered and essential for a disc player - and the complete user experience
dB/SPL
RMS Meter
Logical Format
Cutoff Frequency
7. Branch of psychology concerned with the subjective perception of sound
Overflow
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
Significand
Psychoacoustics
8. Most significant lossless coding technique in current use; Measure of disorder in which long strings of data are represented by short symbols and uses the shortest symbols to represent the most common repetitive audio data maximizing data reduction
Fidelity
Sonogram
Entropy Coding
Transfer Protocol
9. A time regulator that makes all samples and bits to align when working with interconnected digital devices; Basically a signal that all of the digital devices refer to when operating.
A/D Conversion
Digital
6 dB
Word Clock
10. In order to play multiple channels at one time data is buffered as read to disk; Latency happens between play command & beginning of playback
Optical Cable
Frames
Photoreceptor
Playback Buffering
11. Circuit that interprets the meaning of the symbols as they were chosen and arranged by the encode
SCMS
Decoder
Perceptual Coding
Storage Conversion Steps
12. Have odd numbered harmonics
Square Wave
Lossless Formats
Word Clock
Threshold of Hearing
13. Root Mean Square; Refers to taking the square root of all instantaneous amplitudes; Takes the average of those squares; (-6 Peak Level is approximately equal to -20 RMS)
SACD
Interleaved
RMS
Edit Decision List
14. Reference voltage determined by summing the voltage values of a predetermined number of previous samples; Numbers of 1 in row = waveform peak; Numbers of 0 in row = waveform trough; Basis of Sony's Direct Stream Digital (DSD)
Frames
Pulse Density Modulation
Blu-Ray
Audio over Ethernet (AoE)
15. Based on Full Scale (dB/FS); -6dB represents a loss of one bit so account for this when calculating
Additive Synthesis...
I/O Connection Buffering
MONO
Effective Bit Depth
16. If a signal is sampled at a rate higher than twice the highest significant signal frequency and at evenly spaced intervals - then the samples contain all the information of the original signal
DVD-18
Perceptual Coding
Noise Shaping
Sampling Theorem
17. Built into DAWs; Bits are added when signals are mixed together to avoid clipping
Bit Depth Effect on Dynamic Range
TOSLINK
Word Clock
Headroom Bits
18. ADPCM; Pulse code modulation that produces a digital signal with a lower bit rate than standard PCM; Records only the difference between samples
Masking Analysis...
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
Requirements for CD Audio
Cutoff Frequency
19. Unit of measurement that is equal to one millionth of a meter
Transfer Protocol
Micron
Intensity
CobraNet
20. Each bit in the bit depth is equal to a _____ increase in dynamic range
Frames
Blu-Ray
Pulse Density Modulation
6 dB
21. Snippets of time in which frequency analysis takes place in a perceptual codec
Frames
D/A Conversion
Inter-Channel Redundancy
Significand
22. Eight channel digital surround sound system by Dolby
Coaxial
Dolby 7.1
Normalizing
Requirements for A/D Conversion
23. A network communications protocol that specifies how machines will exchange data; Uses a broadcast system in which one machine transmits its message on the communication medium and the other machines listen for messages directed to them
Coaxial
Ethernet
Oscillation
Fletcher- Munson Curve
24. Circuit that seizes voltage values with each tick of an A/D device's internal clock
Sample- and-Hold
Buffering Locations
AES3
PCM
25. Level above which audible sounds are painful (125 - 130 db)
Threshold of Pain
Floating Point
Joseph Fourier
Decoder
26. Process of building a complex tone by starting with the fundamental frequency and adding pure tone harmonics
Additive Synthesis...
European Broadcasting Union
Storage Conversion Steps
Sampling (Samples)
27. The process of reducing the space required to store data by efficiently encoding the content.
Intensity Stereo
Lightpipe
Compression
Class - D Amplifier
28. 16-Bit; 44.1 kHz; PCM; Stereo
Micron
Lightpipe
Threshold of Pain
Requirements for CD Audio
29. Twice as many samples as the highest frequency at minimum; Sampling rate totally controls frequency response
Sampling Rule
Headroom Bits
Ethernet
Compression
30. Serial Copy Management System; main difference between AES3 & S/PIDF
Acoustics
Sine Wave
Decoder
SCMS
31. Number of bits used to represent the smallest unit of information in an audio file; Greater bit depth = better quality audio
Variable Bit Rate
Bit Depth
Significand
Blu-Ray
32. Signal voltage is relayed to a register from sample- and - hold circuit; Holds reference frequencies in binary form that decrease in value; Finds approximated value & assigns binary number accordingly
Buffer Size
Successive Approximation
Bit Rate
Inter-Channel Redundancy
33. EDL; Final list of samples used in the audio editing process; Identified by time code
Pad Head & Tail
DVD-9
Edit Decision List
Oscillation
34. Increases D/A sample rate from nominal rate to oversampling rate by turning series multi- bit PCM samples into 1- bit samples; (ex. => 44.1kHz sample rate converted to 2.8MHz and simultaneously converts multi- bit samples to 1- bit); Low Pass Filter
Interpolation Filter
Psychoacoustics
Multichannel Audio Digital Interface (MADI)
Digital Signal Processing
35. Only 2 digits used; The value of each place (ones - hundreds - etc.) are as follows from greatest to least: 128 - 64 - 32 - 16 - 8 - 4 - 2 - 1
Base 2 System
Word Clock
Delta-Sigma Modulation
Red Book
36. Measures the highest levels of a signal being recorded or mixed; Monitors for clipping - which occurs at 0dBFS); Does not always reflect perceived volume of signal
Bit Depth
Peak Level
Sonogram
Pass Band
37. Full Scale; Type of metering that measures level in digital recording system; Recording and Mixing levels should NEVER exceed 0dB FS in digital audio or clipping will occur
Threshold of Hearing
dB/FS
Redither
Dynamic Range
38. Subtract place values from the decimal number and place ones or zeros in the correct places
Quantizer
0 dB FS
Sampling Theorem
Decimal- to-Binary Conversion
39. AAC (Advanced Audio Coding); MP3; RA; WMA; OGG Vorbis; Dolby Digital/AC-3; DTS; ADPCM
0 dB FS
Lossy Formats
Psychoacoustics
Sample Rate
40. The frequency range that is allowed through a filter
Red Book
Pass Band
A/D Conversion Signal Flow
DVD-5
41. (Time Based) Frequency: Aliasing; Anti-Aliasing Filter; Sample Rate; Nyquist Limit
M-S Stereo
Playback Buffering
Floating Point
X-Axis Terminology
42. Measurement at regular intervals of the amplitude of a varying waveform (in order to convert it to digital form); There must be a minimum of 2 samples for each cycle in a waveform
Sampling (Samples)
Resolution
Jitter
Effective Bit Depth
43. HD Audio format; Lossless Compression; 24- bit/96 kHz; 5.1 Surround or 24- bit / 192 kHz stereo sound
Amplitude Accuracy
DVD-Audio
Optical Cable
Claude Shannon
44. Number or variable that represents the number of times the base of a power is used as a factor; Defines magnitude
Exponent
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
Audio over Ethernet (AoE)
M-S Stereo
45. The act of a frequency swinging back and forth with a steady - uninterrupted rhythm
Morse Code
Oscillation
Audio Engineering Society
Codec
46. Sample Rate x Bit Depth x # of Channels
Psychoacoustics
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
Buffer Size
Subbands
47. Data reduction technique that does not effect quality of original audio; No effect on original quality; Typically around 50% reduction; Exact reconstruction of digital code for the audio signal
dB/SPL
Psychoacoustics
Lossless
6 dB
48. A sample- by- sample operation on two signals
A/D Conversion Signal Flow
Pulse Width Modulation
Convolution
Attenuation
49. Rate at which energy is drawn from a source that produces a flow of electricity in a circuit; Expressed in volts
Voltage
Bit Rate
Sonogram
Constant Bit Rate
50. Multi-Bit Words; (Pulse Code Modulation)
Headroom Bits
PCM
Red Book
Cutoff Frequency