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Test your basic knowledge |
Digital Audio
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 1.) Taking a series of evenly- spaced measurements 2.) Signal contains no frequency components higher than half the sample rate
Masking Analysis...
Requirements for A/D Conversion
Bit Depth
Zero-Latency Monitoring
2. The amount of energy at each wavelength
Logical Format
Y-Axis Terminology
Spectra
D/A Conversion
3. Accuracy with which an electronic system reproduces the sound or image of its input signal
Coaxial
Fidelity
Sonogram
Peak Level
4. Represents the amplitude component of the digital sampling process; Technique of incrementing a continuous analog event into a discrete set of binary digits (bits)
Buffering Locations
Quantization
Anti-Imaging Filter
AES3
5. A frequency specified for a filter (digital or electronic) the marks the point at which the frequency content of a signal is altered +/- 3dB
Cutoff Frequency
Zero-Latency Monitoring
RMS Meter
Decimation Filter
6. Signal conversions are mixed with playback tracks resulting in near-zero latency
Threshold of Hearing
Quantization
Harmonic Content
Direct Monitoring
7. The elapsed time it takes for a packet of data to arrive at its destination; Lagging or pause of an audio signal as digital processing occurs; Can be managed utilizing several forms of 'audio monitoring'
Lightpipe
Intensity Stereo
Latency
Amplitude Accuracy
8. Data transmission protocol over which computer network traffic travels; Poorly suited to real- time transmission but numerous attempts have been made to harness the technology because of its flexible routing; Uses simple Cat5 cabling; Resists interfe
Audio over Ethernet (AoE)
A/D Conversion
Nanometer
Pulse Density Modulation
9. The set of rules that computers use to move files from one computer to another on an internet
Sample Rate Effect on Anti-Aliasing
Transfer Protocol
Storage Conversion Steps
Audio Engineering Society
10. Same as 'aliasing'
Constant Bit Rate
Peak Level
D/A Conversion Signal Flow
Foldover
11. Softest sound that can be heard by the average human ear (0 dB)
D/A Conversion
Masking Analysis...
Threshold of Hearing
Blu-Ray
12. Process that begins with a fast FFT analysis of the spectra of two input signals - then the multiplication of like frequencies - and IFFT to finalize the process
Pass Band
Spectrum Multiplication
Entropy Coding
Compression
13. Single- pin RCA cable or fiber- optic TOSLINK connector used for digital transfer; 75O coaxial - 2- channel unbalanced; 'Consumer' format of AES3
Normalizing
Optical Cable
dBFS
Sony-Philips Digital Interface Format (S/PDIF)
14. Decibels Full Scale
dBFS
Speed of Sound
M-S Stereo
Quantizer
15. Playback; I/O Connections; CPU (Streaming); Conversion from DAW or Software
Requirements for A/D Conversion
Decoder
Buffering Locations
Effective Bit Depth
16. Multi-Bit Words; (Pulse Code Modulation)
Dolby 5.1
Pulse Code Modulation
A/D Conversion Signal Flow
PCM
17. Measures the highest levels of a signal being recorded or mixed; Monitors for clipping - which occurs at 0dBFS); Does not always reflect perceived volume of signal
Noise Shaping
Redither
Sampling (Samples)
Peak Level
18. The number of compressions or rarefactions in one second; The higher the frequency the more compressions & rarefactions per second; Measured in Hertz
Frequency
Sinusoidal
Transfer Protocol
Dolby 7.1
19. Based on psychoacoustics - these are the basis of frequency analysis for a perceptual codec;
Pad Head & Tail
Subbands
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
AoE Formats
20. A sample- by- sample operation on two signals
Peak Level
Sampling Rule
Nanometer
Convolution
21. Data is transmitted over fiber optic lines; Uses a TOSLINK connecter instead of an RCA type; Can transmit multi- channel audio; Not susceptible to ground hum and loops; Able to support far higher rates of data transfer over greater distances than coa
Optical Cable
Analog
Index of Reflectivity
Sample Rate
22. Found that aliasing was always a problem no matter how fast you sample; Less data recorded but more accurate; 2 samples per wave length.
dB/SPL
I/O Connection Buffering
Harry Nyquist
Redither
23. Describes acceptable data - performances both offered and essential for a disc player - and the complete user experience
Speed of Sound
Peak Level
Lossless Formats
Logical Format
24. Contains all even and odd harmonics associated with a fundamental tone - making it a rich source for modeling other sounds; Amplitude of each overtone decreases exponentially as a ratio of the harmonic's frequency to that of the fundamental
Sawtooth Wave
Lossy
Physical Disc Format
Intensity Stereo
25. (Amplitude Based) Amplitude: Voltage; Quantization; Bit Depth; Quantization Intervals; Quantization Noise; [Signal:Quantization Noise Ratio]; Dither; Dynamic Range
Y-Axis Terminology
Lossy
Playback Buffering
Acoustics
26. Perceptual coding technique that uses louder sounds of a similar frequency to decide what information is to be saved during data reduction
Effective Bit Depth
Floating Point
Masking Analysis...
Multichannel Audio Digital Interface (MADI)
27. Increases D/A sample rate from nominal rate to oversampling rate by turning series multi- bit PCM samples into 1- bit samples; (ex. => 44.1kHz sample rate converted to 2.8MHz and simultaneously converts multi- bit samples to 1- bit); Low Pass Filter
Quantization
Bit Depth
Attenuation
Interpolation Filter
28. Overtones that contribute to the timbre of a sound and make up a complex waveform's physical characteristics
Fourier Series
Masking Analysis...
Bit Depth
Harmonic Content
29. AES
Audio Engineering Society
Joint Stereo
SACD
Attenuation
30. Take up half as many bits (50%); Algorithm can keep same quality by lossing the stereo track
Motion Pictures Experts Group
MONO
Digital Signal Processing
Foldover
31. Unit of measurement that is equal to one millionth of a meter
Oversampling
Micron
Digital Signal Processing
Digital
32. Reduces the percieved distortion due to quantization error; Low level white noise source is introduced to make the profile of the quantization 'noise' more irregular; Useful when reducing the number of bits per word in a signal (i.e. when converting
Sample Rate
A/D Conversion Signal Flow
Dithering
Pulse Density Modulation
33. Signal voltage is relayed to a register from sample- and - hold circuit; Holds reference frequencies in binary form that decrease in value; Finds approximated value & assigns binary number accordingly
Oversampling
Micron
Physical Disc Format
Successive Approximation
34. Each bit in the bit depth is equal to a _____ increase in dynamic range
Decimal- to-Binary Conversion
Decoder
Threshold of Pain
6 dB
35. Father of modern information theory; Solidified the Nyquist Theory by adding the concept that bits per second (binary representation of audio signals) must be at equal intervals to accurately represent data
Claude Shannon
Micron
dB/FS
Interleaved
36. Number of bits per second processed when sampling sound; (Sampling Rate x Bit Depth) = Resolution
Lossless Formats
Bit Rate
Fletcher- Munson Curve
Quantizer
37. Allowance of noise floor below that which is required for the final product
Footroom
Stapedes Reflex
Digital
Quantization Intervals
38. Reduces A/D sample rate from the oversampled rate to nominal rate by turning series of one- bit samples into a series of multi- bit PCM samples; (ex. => 2.8MHz sample rate converted to 44.1kHz and simultaneously converts 1-Bit samples to multi- bit);
Algorithm
Decimation Filter
Data Packing
Digital
39. Specific set of instructions for carrying out a data reduction technique that determines how to 'save' binary data information efficiently
Algorithm
Decimation Filter
Edit Decision List
CPU Buffering
40. Measure of the amplitude of a longitudinal wave
Successive Approximation
Intensity
Base 2 System
Red Book
41. Computer program or device capable of encoding and/or decoding a digital data stream with the end result being a reduced file size
Dynamic Range
Direct Stream Digital
Codec
Lightpipe
42. EBU
European Broadcasting Union
Algorithm
Frequency
Audio over Ethernet (AoE)
43. Twice as many samples as the highest frequency at minimum; Sampling rate totally controls frequency response
I/O Connection Buffering
Pulse Width Modulation
Sampling Rule
Entropy Coding
44. Ratio of magnitude of the analytical signal to the magnitude of the background noise signal
Lossy
RMS
Signal- to- Noise Ratio
Sawtooth Wave
45. Ultra low- latency - 512- channel (on a gigabit network) - less flexible AoE format; Routed like audio cables...not network cables
Compression
EtherSound
Pulse Code Modulation
Analog
46. 1.) Bit Rate x Sample Rate (you'll get b/sec) 2.) Multiply by 60 if converting seconds to minutes 3.) Divide by 8 to convert bits to Bytes and get B/min 4.) Divide by 1 -024 to get KB/min and keep doing it until you get desired bit rate specification
Storage Conversion Steps
Claude Shannon
Psychoacoustics
6 dB
47. The frequency range that is allowed through a filter
Morse Code
Lossy Formats
Pass Band
Oscillation
48. The act of a frequency swinging back and forth with a steady - uninterrupted rhythm
Oscillation
Bit Depth Effect on Dynamic Range
Ethernet
0 dB FS
49. Allows for an internal sample rate at multiples of the input and output rates; Alleviates the need for steep 'brickwall' filters; Often combined with internal '1- bit' processing; Increases smoothing effect
European Broadcasting Union
Oversampling
Quantization
Internal Resolution
50. Toshiba developed digital audio interface utilizes fiber optics as a transmission medium.
Lightpipe
Sinusoidal
Joint Stereo
TOSLINK