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Test your basic knowledge |
Digital Audio
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Overtones that contribute to the timbre of a sound and make up a complex waveform's physical characteristics
Sine Wave
Sample Rate
Conversion Buffering
Harmonic Content
2. ADPCM; Pulse code modulation that produces a digital signal with a lower bit rate than standard PCM; Records only the difference between samples
TOSLINK
Frequency
MONO
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
3. Occurs as data is assembled into meaningful bits or information and as left & right channels are separated
Impulse Response
Voltage
Sample Rate Effect on Anti-Aliasing
I/O Connection Buffering
4. 1.) Taking a series of evenly- spaced measurements 2.) Signal contains no frequency components higher than half the sample rate
Lossy
Requirements for A/D Conversion
Intensity
Class - D Amplifier
5. Measure of sound pressure over the frequency spectrum - for which a listener perceives a constant loudness when presented with pure steady tones
Zero-Latency Monitoring
Quantizer
Equal Loudness Contour
Edit Decision List
6. Based on psychoacoustics - these are the basis of frequency analysis for a perceptual codec;
Subbands
Index of Reflectivity
Base 2 System
Rarefaction
7. A digital filter's time domain output sequence when the input is a single sample is input
Edit Decision List
Digital
Impulse Response
Fletcher- Munson Curve
8. French mathematician that noted that any complex sound can be broken down into a series of component pure tones
6 dB
Joseph Fourier
Micron
Direct Stream Digital
9. Having a repeated succession of waves or curves as in a sound waveform
X-Axis Terminology
Sinusoidal
Glass Master
Requirements for A/D Conversion
10. CBR; Codecs encodes data at a constant rate regardless of density of the audio file
Amplitude Accuracy
Constant Bit Rate
Gain Staging
Algorithm
11. Measurement at regular intervals of the amplitude of a varying waveform (in order to convert it to digital form); There must be a minimum of 2 samples for each cycle in a waveform
Optical Cable
D/A Conversion
CPU Buffering
Sampling (Samples)
12. Circuit that seizes voltage values with each tick of an A/D device's internal clock
RMS
Equal Loudness Contour
Sample- and-Hold
dB/SPL
13. Roughly around 1 -130 ft/s
Speed of Sound
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
Average Bit Rate
AES3
14. Process of building a complex tone by starting with the fundamental frequency and adding pure tone harmonics
Direct Stream Digital
Additive Synthesis...
Blu-Ray
Harmonic Content
15. More aggressive lossy data reduction techniques that require further manipulation of the stereo field; Examples are 'Intensity' & 'M-S'
Low-Latency Monitoring
Aliasing
Spectrum Multiplication
Joint Stereo
16. CobraNet; EtherSound; Dante; AVB (currently under development)
AoE Formats
Signal- to- Noise Ratio
Lossless
Base 2 System
17. Sum of all harmonics; Sum of sine and cosine waves which have frequencies f - 2f - 3f - 4f...
Claude Shannon
Psychoacoustics
Average Bit Rate
Fourier Series
18. Branch of psychology concerned with the subjective perception of sound
Frequency
Intensity
Pad Head & Tail
Psychoacoustics
19. Measure of the amplitude of a longitudinal wave
Sampling Theorem
Claude Shannon
Intensity
Harmonic Content
20. The frequency range that is allowed through a filter
Index of Reflectivity
Pass Band
Digital
Oversampling
21. Channels are processed one at a time and the results are stored on multiple CPU buffers that alternately send data as DAW requests the data for playback; First few seconds are relayed to the buffer prior to processing and playback and it continuously
DVD-18
6 dB
Square Wave
CPU Buffering
22. Number or variable that represents the number of times the base of a power is used as a factor; Defines magnitude
Cutoff Frequency
Exponent
Base 2 System
Impulse Response
23. Used as the main disc from which other discs are made; Composed of ground glass with a very fine photoresistor layer; An imaging laser burns pit and land patterns in preparation for duplication
I/O Connection Buffering
Glass Master
Pulse Density Modulation
Aliasing
24. A situation where a calculated value cannot fit into the number of digits reserved for it
Oscillation
Overflow
Joseph Fourier
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
25. Data transmission protocol over which computer network traffic travels; Poorly suited to real- time transmission but numerous attempts have been made to harness the technology because of its flexible routing; Uses simple Cat5 cabling; Resists interfe
Audio over Ethernet (AoE)
Dynamic Range
Frames
Pulse Width Modulation
26. Leaving space at beginning and ending of song for data crunching during mastering; Last step in mastering process
Cutoff Frequency
Pad Head & Tail
Masking Analysis...
Optical Cable
27. 12cm plastic disc; 1.2mm thick; One- sided; Red Laser; 1.6 microns between tracks; 125 nanometer pits
Red Book
Photoreceptor
Data Packing
SACD
28. VBR; Most common & best data reduction technique; Codecs that encode data by determining how dense or sparse areas of the audio are; Can result in buffering issues
Interleaved
Frequency
dB/FS
Variable Bit Rate
29. Sony and Philips optical disc format; Utilizes sigma delta DSD to offer higher resolution; 1- bit; 2.8224 MHz; 6-Channel
Blu-Ray
SACD
Sample- and-Hold
Transfer Protocol
30. Digital Word -> Series of Resistors (each with assigned charges) -> Sample- and-Hold Circuit -> Anti-Imaging Filter (Smoothing Filter) -> Reconstructed Sample
D/A Conversion Signal Flow
Attenuation
Aliasing
Jitter
31. Only 2 digits used; The value of each place (ones - hundreds - etc.) are as follows from greatest to least: 128 - 64 - 32 - 16 - 8 - 4 - 2 - 1
Base 2 System
6 dB
Convolution
DVD-5
32. Unit of measurement that is equal to one millionth of a meter
Sawtooth Wave
EtherSound
Micron
Digital
33. Low Pressure; Part in a longitudinal wave where the particles are spread apart
Direct Monitoring
Anti-Aliasing Filter
Dithering
Rarefaction
34. Very quiet digital amplifier that produces a series of output pulses with the audio signal coded the same as the width of the output pulses; Pulses are used to represent wave forms and are either on or off; Intense signals have long pulses with short
Joint Stereo
DVD-9
Class - D Amplifier
Decimal- to-Binary Conversion
35. The continuous loss of signal strengths as a signal travels through a medium
Digital Signal Processing
Lightpipe
Digital
Attenuation
36. The loudest point of a Full Scale system
0 dB FS
Aliasing
Frequency
Latency
37. When recording you want the smallest buffer available; When mixing you want the largest buffer available
Frames
Joseph Fourier
Quantizer
Buffer Size
38. Industry Standards: -6 dB Peak = -20 RMS Meter
Audio Engineering Society
RMS
Recording Levels
Variable Bit Rate
39. Series of dots and dashes representing the letters of the alphabet; Most common letters are represented by the shortest dots and dashes; Example of entropy coding
Average Bit Rate
Jitter
Threshold of Hearing
Morse Code
40. 1.) Bit Rate x Sample Rate (you'll get b/sec) 2.) Multiply by 60 if converting seconds to minutes 3.) Divide by 8 to convert bits to Bytes and get B/min 4.) Divide by 1 -024 to get KB/min and keep doing it until you get desired bit rate specification
Signal- to- Noise Ratio
Storage Conversion Steps
Speed of Sound
Interpolation Filter
41. Method used in digital recording and reproduction in which a signal is sampled at various points and the resulting value is translated into binary numbers
Delta-Sigma Modulation
Pulse Code Modulation
Anti-Imaging Filter
Variable Bit Rate
42. 7.95 GB; SS/DL
Audio Engineering Society
DVD-9
Y-Axis Terminology
TOSLINK
43. Found that aliasing was always a problem no matter how fast you sample; Less data recorded but more accurate; 2 samples per wave length.
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
Quantization Intervals
Lossy
Harry Nyquist
44. Allowance of noise floor below that which is required for the final product
AoE Formats
Footroom
A/D Conversion Signal Flow
0 dB FS
45. Voltage -> Dither -> Anti-Aliasing (Low Pass Filter) -> Sample & Hold Circuit -> Successive Approximation/Quantizer --) 100111010 (PCM Audio File)
Multichannel Audio Digital Interface (MADI)
Lossy
MONO
A/D Conversion Signal Flow
46. Reduces A/D sample rate from the oversampled rate to nominal rate by turning series of one- bit samples into a series of multi- bit PCM samples; (ex. => 2.8MHz sample rate converted to 44.1kHz and simultaneously converts 1-Bit samples to multi- bit);
Digital
Decimation Filter
Internal Resolution
MONO
47. 15.9 GB; DS/DL
DVD-Audio
DVD-18
Compression
Variable Bit Rate
48. Unit of measurement that is equal to one billionth of a meter
Nanometer
Transfer Protocol
Average Bit Rate
Sampling Rule
49. 8.75 GB; DS/SL
DVD-10
Interpolation Filter
Stapedes Reflex
Quantization Error
50. 'Capturing' part of digital audio; Never captures a signal perfectly
Lossy Formats
Nyquist Frequency
A/D Conversion
DVD-Audio
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