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Test your basic knowledge |
Digital Audio
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Governs the frequency response of a digital system; The highest- frequency component that can be captured with a sampling rate; always 1/2 of sampling rate; Also called the limiting frequency
0 dB FS
Intensity Stereo
D/A Conversion
Nyquist Frequency
2. Built into DAWs; Bits are added when signals are mixed together to avoid clipping
PCM
Headroom Bits
Buffer Size
Pulse Density Modulation
3. The act of a frequency swinging back and forth with a steady - uninterrupted rhythm
Oscillation
Square Wave
Convolution
Effective Bit Depth
4. Process that begins with a fast FFT analysis of the spectra of two input signals - then the multiplication of like frequencies - and IFFT to finalize the process
Spectrum Multiplication
Dynamic Range
Overflow
Morse Code
5. Perceptual coding technique that uses louder sounds of a similar frequency to decide what information is to be saved during data reduction
Masking Analysis...
Frames
Requirements for CD Audio
Decimal- to-Binary Conversion
6. A sample- by- sample operation on two signals
Digital
Sample Rate
Convolution
dB/FS
7. Number of bits used to represent the smallest unit of information in an audio file; Greater bit depth = better quality audio
Bit Depth
Rarefaction
Buffering Locations
Speed of Sound
8. Playback; I/O Connections; CPU (Streaming); Conversion from DAW or Software
Buffering Locations
dBFS
Audio over Ethernet (AoE)
Sine Wave
9. CobraNet; EtherSound; Dante; AVB (currently under development)
AoE Formats
D/A Conversion
Pass Band
Joint Stereo
10. The difference in volume between the loudest and quietest sounds of a source
Dynamic Range
Edit Decision List
Digital Signal Processing
Oversampling
11. 12.33 GB; DS/ML
DVD-14
Recording Levels
Lightpipe
Direct Stream Digital
12. Circuit that interprets the meaning of the symbols as they were chosen and arranged by the encode
Decoder
Compression
2 Dimensions of Sound
Physical Disc Format
13. Unit of measurement that is equal to one millionth of a meter
Micron
dBFS
Bit Rate
Overflow
14. A drive that can read and write on optical media that hold up to 50 GB on two layers; 24- bit/96 kHz for 8-Channel; 24- bit/192 kHz for 6-Channel
D/A Conversion Signal Flow
DVD-5
Blu-Ray
Headroom Bits
15. When recording you want the smallest buffer available; When mixing you want the largest buffer available
Glass Master
Compression
Zero-Latency Monitoring
Buffer Size
16. Waveform of a pure tone showing simple harmonic motion
dB/FS
Sampling Rule
Sine Wave
Photoreceptor
17. As sample rate is increased more room is created for a smoother slope of the attenuation band because Nyquist limit extends well beyond range of hearing with each increase
Sample Rate Effect on Anti-Aliasing
Threshold of Hearing
Sampling (Samples)
Constant Bit Rate
18. The amount of energy at each wavelength
Direct Monitoring
Spectra
Pulse Width Modulation
Algorithm
19. The set of rules that computers use to move files from one computer to another on an internet
Transfer Protocol
D/A Conversion Signal Flow
Internal Resolution
Joseph Fourier
20. The continuous loss of signal strengths as a signal travels through a medium
Spectra
Normalizing
Lossy Formats
Attenuation
21. Reduces A/D sample rate from the oversampled rate to nominal rate by turning series of one- bit samples into a series of multi- bit PCM samples; (ex. => 2.8MHz sample rate converted to 44.1kHz and simultaneously converts 1-Bit samples to multi- bit);
Spectrum Multiplication
Decimation Filter
Bit Rate
Frequency
22. Level above which audible sounds are painful (125 - 130 db)
Normalizing
Physical Disc Format
DVD-Audio
Threshold of Pain
23. Same as 'aliasing'
Foldover
Floating Point
EtherSound
D/A Conversion
24. Channels are processed one at a time and the results are stored on multiple CPU buffers that alternately send data as DAW requests the data for playback; First few seconds are relayed to the buffer prior to processing and playback and it continuously
CPU Buffering
Exponent
RMS
Nanometer
25. MPEG; Standardizing body of audio coding
Latency
Motion Pictures Experts Group
Red Book
D/A Conversion
26. Branch of psychology concerned with the subjective perception of sound
Psychoacoustics
X-Axis Terminology
Red Book
Bit Rate
27. Inner ear component that attaches to the stapes and helps to decrease the amplitude of vibrations; Causes the masking phenomenon
Stapedes Reflex
Base 2 System
Average Bit Rate
Intensity Stereo
28. Sony and Philips optical disc format; Utilizes sigma delta DSD to offer higher resolution; 1- bit; 2.8224 MHz; 6-Channel
Sample Rate
Psychoacoustics
SACD
Buffering Locations
29. Describes acceptable data - performances both offered and essential for a disc player - and the complete user experience
Logical Format
Glass Master
Zero-Latency Monitoring
Index of Reflectivity
30. Measuring equipment in A/D conversion that processes voltage and provides a value for that voltage
RMS
DVD-9
Quantizer
Low-Latency Monitoring
31. Lossless Format; Can hold up to 25GB on a single- layer disc and 50GB on a dual- layer disc
Motion Pictures Experts Group
Impulse Response
Blu-Ray
Nanometer
32. Twice as many samples as the highest frequency at minimum; Sampling rate totally controls frequency response
Requirements for A/D Conversion
Pulse Code Modulation
Blu-Ray
Sampling Rule
33. 4.38 GB; SS/SL
DVD-5
Oversampling
Sampling Theorem
TOSLINK
34. Process of building a complex tone by starting with the fundamental frequency and adding pure tone harmonics
Overflow
Bit Depth
Data Packing
Additive Synthesis...
35. Root Mean Square; Refers to taking the square root of all instantaneous amplitudes; Takes the average of those squares; (-6 Peak Level is approximately equal to -20 RMS)
DVD-9
Signal- to- Noise Ratio
I/O Connection Buffering
RMS
36. Digital Word -> Series of Resistors (each with assigned charges) -> Sample- and-Hold Circuit -> Anti-Imaging Filter (Smoothing Filter) -> Reconstructed Sample
Interleaved
Nyquist Frequency
Signal- to- Noise Ratio
D/A Conversion Signal Flow
37. (Amplitude Based) Amplitude: Voltage; Quantization; Bit Depth; Quantization Intervals; Quantization Noise; [Signal:Quantization Noise Ratio]; Dither; Dynamic Range
Cutoff Frequency
DVD-18
Y-Axis Terminology
Buffer Size
38. High Pressure - Part of a longitudinal wave where the particles of the medium are close together
Harry Nyquist
Spectra
Oscillation
Compression
39. Voltage -> Dither -> Anti-Aliasing (Low Pass Filter) -> Sample & Hold Circuit -> Successive Approximation/Quantizer --) 100111010 (PCM Audio File)
Claude Shannon
DVD-18
Fidelity
A/D Conversion Signal Flow
40. Occurs as data is assembled into meaningful bits or information and as left & right channels are separated
Equal Loudness Contour
Speed of Sound
Digital
I/O Connection Buffering
41. Most significant lossless coding technique in current use; Measure of disorder in which long strings of data are represented by short symbols and uses the shortest symbols to represent the most common repetitive audio data maximizing data reduction
Entropy Coding
Compression
Successive Approximation
Perceptual Coding
42. Psychoacoustic model of data reduction used for general audio compression that aims to transmit only features perceptible to the human ear; Useful for mastering streaming media
Codec
Perceptual Coding
Spectrum Multiplication
Signal- to- Noise Ratio
43. 16-Bit; 44.1 kHz; PCM; Stereo
Voltage
Requirements for CD Audio
Joint Stereo
Lossy
44. Digital and analog processing capability is combined on a single microchip allowing for 1- bit resolution at high sample rates
Pulse Width Modulation
RMS
Buffer Size
Delta-Sigma Modulation
45. Signal conversions are mixed with playback tracks resulting in near-zero latency
Perceptual Coding
Direct Monitoring
Square Wave
RMS Meter
46. Specific set of instructions for carrying out a data reduction technique that determines how to 'save' binary data information efficiently
Fletcher- Munson Curve
Algorithm
Audio over Ethernet (AoE)
Pass Band
47. 1.) Taking a series of evenly- spaced measurements 2.) Signal contains no frequency components higher than half the sample rate
Requirements for A/D Conversion
6 dB
Headroom Bits
Pulse Density Modulation
48. Multi-Bit Words; (Pulse Code Modulation)
Dolby 7.1
Joseph Fourier
Significand
PCM
49. The loudest point of a Full Scale system
Requirements for A/D Conversion
Constant Bit Rate
EtherSound
0 dB FS
50. 8- in/8- out on one cable; 25- pin D- sub connector
Gain Staging
A/D Conversion
Floating Point
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)