Test your basic knowledge |

Digital Audio

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 1.) Taking a series of evenly- spaced measurements 2.) Signal contains no frequency components higher than half the sample rate






2. The amount of energy at each wavelength






3. Accuracy with which an electronic system reproduces the sound or image of its input signal






4. Represents the amplitude component of the digital sampling process; Technique of incrementing a continuous analog event into a discrete set of binary digits (bits)






5. A frequency specified for a filter (digital or electronic) the marks the point at which the frequency content of a signal is altered +/- 3dB






6. Signal conversions are mixed with playback tracks resulting in near-zero latency






7. The elapsed time it takes for a packet of data to arrive at its destination; Lagging or pause of an audio signal as digital processing occurs; Can be managed utilizing several forms of 'audio monitoring'






8. Data transmission protocol over which computer network traffic travels; Poorly suited to real- time transmission but numerous attempts have been made to harness the technology because of its flexible routing; Uses simple Cat5 cabling; Resists interfe






9. The set of rules that computers use to move files from one computer to another on an internet






10. Same as 'aliasing'






11. Softest sound that can be heard by the average human ear (0 dB)






12. Process that begins with a fast FFT analysis of the spectra of two input signals - then the multiplication of like frequencies - and IFFT to finalize the process






13. Single- pin RCA cable or fiber- optic TOSLINK connector used for digital transfer; 75O coaxial - 2- channel unbalanced; 'Consumer' format of AES3






14. Decibels Full Scale






15. Playback; I/O Connections; CPU (Streaming); Conversion from DAW or Software






16. Multi-Bit Words; (Pulse Code Modulation)






17. Measures the highest levels of a signal being recorded or mixed; Monitors for clipping - which occurs at 0dBFS); Does not always reflect perceived volume of signal






18. The number of compressions or rarefactions in one second; The higher the frequency the more compressions & rarefactions per second; Measured in Hertz






19. Based on psychoacoustics - these are the basis of frequency analysis for a perceptual codec;






20. A sample- by- sample operation on two signals






21. Data is transmitted over fiber optic lines; Uses a TOSLINK connecter instead of an RCA type; Can transmit multi- channel audio; Not susceptible to ground hum and loops; Able to support far higher rates of data transfer over greater distances than coa






22. Found that aliasing was always a problem no matter how fast you sample; Less data recorded but more accurate; 2 samples per wave length.






23. Describes acceptable data - performances both offered and essential for a disc player - and the complete user experience






24. Contains all even and odd harmonics associated with a fundamental tone - making it a rich source for modeling other sounds; Amplitude of each overtone decreases exponentially as a ratio of the harmonic's frequency to that of the fundamental






25. (Amplitude Based) Amplitude: Voltage; Quantization; Bit Depth; Quantization Intervals; Quantization Noise; [Signal:Quantization Noise Ratio]; Dither; Dynamic Range






26. Perceptual coding technique that uses louder sounds of a similar frequency to decide what information is to be saved during data reduction






27. Increases D/A sample rate from nominal rate to oversampling rate by turning series multi- bit PCM samples into 1- bit samples; (ex. => 44.1kHz sample rate converted to 2.8MHz and simultaneously converts multi- bit samples to 1- bit); Low Pass Filter






28. Overtones that contribute to the timbre of a sound and make up a complex waveform's physical characteristics






29. AES






30. Take up half as many bits (50%); Algorithm can keep same quality by lossing the stereo track






31. Unit of measurement that is equal to one millionth of a meter






32. Reduces the percieved distortion due to quantization error; Low level white noise source is introduced to make the profile of the quantization 'noise' more irregular; Useful when reducing the number of bits per word in a signal (i.e. when converting






33. Signal voltage is relayed to a register from sample- and - hold circuit; Holds reference frequencies in binary form that decrease in value; Finds approximated value & assigns binary number accordingly






34. Each bit in the bit depth is equal to a _____ increase in dynamic range






35. Father of modern information theory; Solidified the Nyquist Theory by adding the concept that bits per second (binary representation of audio signals) must be at equal intervals to accurately represent data






36. Number of bits per second processed when sampling sound; (Sampling Rate x Bit Depth) = Resolution






37. Allowance of noise floor below that which is required for the final product






38. Reduces A/D sample rate from the oversampled rate to nominal rate by turning series of one- bit samples into a series of multi- bit PCM samples; (ex. => 2.8MHz sample rate converted to 44.1kHz and simultaneously converts 1-Bit samples to multi- bit);






39. Specific set of instructions for carrying out a data reduction technique that determines how to 'save' binary data information efficiently






40. Measure of the amplitude of a longitudinal wave






41. Computer program or device capable of encoding and/or decoding a digital data stream with the end result being a reduced file size






42. EBU






43. Twice as many samples as the highest frequency at minimum; Sampling rate totally controls frequency response






44. Ratio of magnitude of the analytical signal to the magnitude of the background noise signal






45. Ultra low- latency - 512- channel (on a gigabit network) - less flexible AoE format; Routed like audio cables...not network cables






46. 1.) Bit Rate x Sample Rate (you'll get b/sec) 2.) Multiply by 60 if converting seconds to minutes 3.) Divide by 8 to convert bits to Bytes and get B/min 4.) Divide by 1 -024 to get KB/min and keep doing it until you get desired bit rate specification






47. The frequency range that is allowed through a filter






48. The act of a frequency swinging back and forth with a steady - uninterrupted rhythm






49. Allows for an internal sample rate at multiples of the input and output rates; Alleviates the need for steep 'brickwall' filters; Often combined with internal '1- bit' processing; Increases smoothing effect






50. Toshiba developed digital audio interface utilizes fiber optics as a transmission medium.