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Test your basic knowledge |
Digital Audio
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Defines the number of sample per second taken from a continuous signal to make a discrete signal; Governs the frequency response of digital audio
Sample Rate
Bit Rate
Anti-Imaging Filter
M-S Stereo
2. Subtract place values from the decimal number and place ones or zeros in the correct places
Acoustics
Sampling Theorem
Decimal- to-Binary Conversion
Speed of Sound
3. 'Capturing' part of digital audio; Never captures a signal perfectly
Oversampling
Subbands
A/D Conversion
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
4. Rate at which energy is drawn from a source that produces a flow of electricity in a circuit; Expressed in volts
Direct Monitoring
M-S Stereo
Voltage
Digital
5. A situation where a calculated value cannot fit into the number of digits reserved for it
Conversion Buffering
Overflow
Physical Disc Format
Cutoff Frequency
6. Discrete incremental distinctions made between the value of one sample and the next; Breaks down bit depth into a series of evenly spaced intervals
Storage Conversion Steps
Quantization Intervals
Nyquist Frequency
Physical Disc Format
7. Circuit that seizes voltage values with each tick of an A/D device's internal clock
D/A Conversion
Zero-Latency Monitoring
Speed of Sound
Sample- and-Hold
8. In order to play multiple channels at one time data is buffered as read to disk; Latency happens between play command & beginning of playback
Nanometer
Playback Buffering
Base 2 System
Pulse Code Modulation
9. Describes acceptable data - performances both offered and essential for a disc player - and the complete user experience
Decoder
Logical Format
Sony-Philips Digital Interface Format (S/PDIF)
Signal- to- Noise Ratio
10. Data reduction technique that does not effect quality of original audio; No effect on original quality; Typically around 50% reduction; Exact reconstruction of digital code for the audio signal
Redither
Lossless
Effective Bit Depth
Morse Code
11. Data is transmitted over fiber optic lines; Uses a TOSLINK connecter instead of an RCA type; Can transmit multi- channel audio; Not susceptible to ground hum and loops; Able to support far higher rates of data transfer over greater distances than coa
Sinusoidal
Optical Cable
Internal Resolution
Buffering
12. 1st commercially successful AoE format for the transmission of digital audio - video - and control signals over 64- channel 100Mbps Ethernet networks
CobraNet
Micron
Transfer Protocol
Interpolation Filter
13. Describes various optical disc characteristics including the size and shape of the disc - the size of pits - the speed at which the disc spins - and a multitude of aspects regarding the specifications of the player itself
Threshold of Hearing
Physical Disc Format
0 dB FS
Photoreceptor
14. Channels are processed one at a time and the results are stored on multiple CPU buffers that alternately send data as DAW requests the data for playback; First few seconds are relayed to the buffer prior to processing and playback and it continuously
CPU Buffering
DVD-18
Masking Analysis...
Attenuation
15. Only 2 digits used; The value of each place (ones - hundreds - etc.) are as follows from greatest to least: 128 - 64 - 32 - 16 - 8 - 4 - 2 - 1
Base 2 System
Decimation Filter
Acoustics
Spectra
16. A method of representing real numbers using a mantissa and an exponent
Intensity
Floating Point
AoE Formats
6 dB
17. Psychoacoustic model of data reduction used for general audio compression that aims to transmit only features perceptible to the human ear; Useful for mastering streaming media
Lossy Formats
Recording Levels
Perceptual Coding
RMS Meter
18. How Loud (Y-Axis) & How Fast (X-Axis)
2 Dimensions of Sound
Redither
European Broadcasting Union
Conversion Buffering
19. Sum of all harmonics; Sum of sine and cosine waves which have frequencies f - 2f - 3f - 4f...
Optical Cable
Class - D Amplifier
Pad Head & Tail
Fourier Series
20. Lossless Format; Can hold up to 25GB on a single- layer disc and 50GB on a dual- layer disc
Blu-Ray
Equal Loudness Contour
Normalizing
Frames
21. Inner ear component that attaches to the stapes and helps to decrease the amplitude of vibrations; Causes the masking phenomenon
Entropy Coding
Harmonic Content
Stapedes Reflex
0 dB FS
22. The frequency range that is allowed through a filter
SCMS
Successive Approximation
Pass Band
Dynamic Range
23. A time regulator that makes all samples and bits to align when working with interconnected digital devices; Basically a signal that all of the digital devices refer to when operating.
Average Bit Rate
Additive Synthesis...
Quantizer
Word Clock
24. The set of rules that computers use to move files from one computer to another on an internet
Signal- to- Noise Ratio
dB/SPL
Average Bit Rate
Transfer Protocol
25. A frequency specified for a filter (digital or electronic) the marks the point at which the frequency content of a signal is altered +/- 3dB
D/A Conversion
M-S Stereo
Decoder
Cutoff Frequency
26. 8- in/8- out on one cable; 25- pin D- sub connector
Low-Latency Monitoring
AES3
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
Audio Engineering Society
27. Voltage -> Dither -> Anti-Aliasing (Low Pass Filter) -> Sample & Hold Circuit -> Successive Approximation/Quantizer --) 100111010 (PCM Audio File)
Logical Format
Word Clock
I/O Connection Buffering
A/D Conversion Signal Flow
28. Increases D/A sample rate from nominal rate to oversampling rate by turning series multi- bit PCM samples into 1- bit samples; (ex. => 44.1kHz sample rate converted to 2.8MHz and simultaneously converts multi- bit samples to 1- bit); Low Pass Filter
Peak Level
Sonogram
Blu-Ray
Interpolation Filter
29. Ratio of magnitude of the analytical signal to the magnitude of the background noise signal
Sawtooth Wave
Signal- to- Noise Ratio
Algorithm
Pad Head & Tail
30. Splits the input signal and mixes it with an analog copy so that no latency is present
Average Bit Rate
Zero-Latency Monitoring
Photoreceptor
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
31. Signal voltage is relayed to a register from sample- and - hold circuit; Holds reference frequencies in binary form that decrease in value; Finds approximated value & assigns binary number accordingly
Successive Approximation
Redither
Index of Reflectivity
SACD
32. Sample Rate x Bit Depth x # of Channels
Joint Stereo
A/D Conversion
Blu-Ray
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
33. Have odd numbered harmonics
Perceptual Coding
Ethernet
Sampling (Samples)
Square Wave
34. Snippets of time in which frequency analysis takes place in a perceptual codec
Multichannel Audio Digital Interface (MADI)
Data Packing
Peak Level
Frames
35. Twice as many samples as the highest frequency at minimum; Sampling rate totally controls frequency response
Delta-Sigma Modulation
Sampling Rule
PCM
DVD-14
36. Based on Full Scale (dB/FS); -6dB represents a loss of one bit so account for this when calculating
Effective Bit Depth
dBFS
Oversampling
Delta-Sigma Modulation
37. The number of compressions or rarefactions in one second; The higher the frequency the more compressions & rarefactions per second; Measured in Hertz
Frequency
Fidelity
PCM
Sonogram
38. Digital and analog processing capability is combined on a single microchip allowing for 1- bit resolution at high sample rates
Decimation Filter
I/O Connection Buffering
Delta-Sigma Modulation
Pass Band
39. Leaving space at beginning and ending of song for data crunching during mastering; Last step in mastering process
European Broadcasting Union
Pad Head & Tail
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
Rarefaction
40. (Amplitude Based) Amplitude: Voltage; Quantization; Bit Depth; Quantization Intervals; Quantization Noise; [Signal:Quantization Noise Ratio]; Dither; Dynamic Range
Jitter
Y-Axis Terminology
Cutoff Frequency
Cutoff Frequency
41. Digital Word -> Series of Resistors (each with assigned charges) -> Sample- and-Hold Circuit -> Anti-Imaging Filter (Smoothing Filter) -> Reconstructed Sample
Frequency
Psychoacoustics
D/A Conversion Signal Flow
Bit Depth Effect on Dynamic Range
42. Accuracy with which an electronic system reproduces the sound or image of its input signal
Fidelity
Lossy
Pad Head & Tail
Spectra
43. The continuous loss of signal strengths as a signal travels through a medium
Coaxial
Attenuation
Sample- and-Hold
Sawtooth Wave
44. Specific set of instructions for carrying out a data reduction technique that determines how to 'save' binary data information efficiently
Interpolation Filter
Algorithm
DVD-Audio
Subbands
45. A network communications protocol that specifies how machines will exchange data; Uses a broadcast system in which one machine transmits its message on the communication medium and the other machines listen for messages directed to them
Blu-Ray
Signal- to- Noise Ratio
Ethernet
Direct Stream Digital
46. Single- pin RCA cable or fiber- optic TOSLINK connector used for digital transfer; 75O coaxial - 2- channel unbalanced; 'Consumer' format of AES3
Sony-Philips Digital Interface Format (S/PDIF)
Quantizer
Micron
Bit Depth
47. Eight channel digital surround sound system by Dolby
Dolby 7.1
Buffer Size
Algorithm
Headroom Bits
48. Electromagnetic receptor that detects the radiation known as visible light
Photoreceptor
Successive Approximation
Sample Rate Effect on Anti-Aliasing
Latency
49. The elapsed time it takes for a packet of data to arrive at its destination; Lagging or pause of an audio signal as digital processing occurs; Can be managed utilizing several forms of 'audio monitoring'
Latency
Fletcher- Munson Curve
Micron
Oversampling
50. Samples are duplicated and the playback sampling rate correspondingly increased; Significantly raises the Nyquist limit to a range well beyond human hearing; Processing 'pushes' the distortion resulting from quantization error into these higher frequ
Harry Nyquist
Constant Bit Rate
Noise Shaping
Nanometer