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Digital Audio

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Leaving space at beginning and ending of song for data crunching during mastering; Last step in mastering process






2. A sample- by- sample operation on two signals






3. Digital and analog processing capability is combined on a single microchip allowing for 1- bit resolution at high sample rates






4. Allows for an internal sample rate at multiples of the input and output rates; Alleviates the need for steep 'brickwall' filters; Often combined with internal '1- bit' processing; Increases smoothing effect






5. A digital filter's time domain output sequence when the input is a single sample is input






6. Low Pressure; Part in a longitudinal wave where the particles are spread apart






7. Governs the frequency response of a digital system; The highest- frequency component that can be captured with a sampling rate; always 1/2 of sampling rate; Also called the limiting frequency






8. Eight channel digital surround sound system by Dolby






9. Measurement at regular intervals of the amplitude of a varying waveform (in order to convert it to digital form); There must be a minimum of 2 samples for each cycle in a waveform






10. (Time Based) Frequency: Aliasing; Anti-Aliasing Filter; Sample Rate; Nyquist Limit






11. Increases D/A sample rate from nominal rate to oversampling rate by turning series multi- bit PCM samples into 1- bit samples; (ex. => 44.1kHz sample rate converted to 2.8MHz and simultaneously converts multi- bit samples to 1- bit); Low Pass Filter






12. (Amplitude Based) Amplitude: Voltage; Quantization; Bit Depth; Quantization Intervals; Quantization Noise; [Signal:Quantization Noise Ratio]; Dither; Dynamic Range






13. Most significant lossless coding technique in current use; Measure of disorder in which long strings of data are represented by short symbols and uses the shortest symbols to represent the most common repetitive audio data maximizing data reduction






14. Circuit that interprets the meaning of the symbols as they were chosen and arranged by the encode






15. ADAT Optcal; 8- in/8- out on two cables; Fiber- optic - TOSLINK connector






16. Perceptual coding technique that uses louder sounds of a similar frequency to decide what information is to be saved during data reduction






17. Overtones that contribute to the timbre of a sound and make up a complex waveform's physical characteristics






18. Uses entropy coding as the basis; Computer data compression algorithm that packages files such as .ZIP & .RAR






19. How Loud (Y-Axis) & How Fast (X-Axis)






20. 1st commercially successful AoE format for the transmission of digital audio - video - and control signals over 64- channel 100Mbps Ethernet networks






21. Apple Lossless; Windows Media Lossless; DTS HD Master Audio; Dolby True HD; FLAC






22. Pertaining to hearing or sound; Combination of the intensity of air pressure molecules with amplitude






23. Improper (false) sampling of high frequencies that cause much lower frequencies to be produced when the audio is reconstructed; Foldover happens at higher frequencies as harmonics reach levels that exceed the Nyquist limit.






24. Channels are processed one at a time and the results are stored on multiple CPU buffers that alternately send data as DAW requests the data for playback; First few seconds are relayed to the buffer prior to processing and playback and it continuously






25. If a signal is sampled at a rate higher than twice the highest significant signal frequency and at evenly spaced intervals - then the samples contain all the information of the original signal






26. Series of dots and dashes representing the letters of the alphabet; Most common letters are represented by the shortest dots and dashes; Example of entropy coding






27. Eliminates frequencies above the Nyquist limit from becoming samples; Occurs prior to quantization






28. Number of bits used to represent the smallest unit of information in an audio file; Greater bit depth = better quality audio






29. Fractional part of a floating- point number; Also called the mantissa; Defines precision






30. Root Mean Square; Refers to taking the square root of all instantaneous amplitudes; Takes the average of those squares; (-6 Peak Level is approximately equal to -20 RMS)






31. Take up half as many bits (50%); Algorithm can keep same quality by lossing the stereo track






32. Amplitude meter that takes the square root of all instantaneous amplitudes and averages them to find a mean and squares that value; Useful with particularly complex waveforms






33. The continuous loss of signal strengths as a signal travels through a medium






34. Algorithm uses matrix of a mid/side microphone pair to determine a side signal & that signal is reduced then distributed as code in stereo






35. The amount of energy at each wavelength






36. Each bit in the bit depth is equal to a _____ increase in dynamic range






37. The frequency range that is allowed through a filter






38. Removes high frequency images and noise and smoothes the stair case output coming from of the sample and hold circuit; Also called a SMOOTHING FILTER






39. Softest sound that can be heard by the average human ear (0 dB)






40. Describes various optical disc characteristics including the size and shape of the disc - the size of pits - the speed at which the disc spins - and a multitude of aspects regarding the specifications of the player itself






41. Roughly around 1 -130 ft/s






42. Digital (binary) measurements of how long each pulse is either on or off; Width of increasing voltage or decreasing voltage is assigned a 1 or 0 respectively






43. The difference in volume between the loudest and quietest sounds of a source






44. Sum of all harmonics; Sum of sine and cosine waves which have frequencies f - 2f - 3f - 4f...






45. 8.75 GB; DS/SL






46. Based on Full Scale (dB/FS); -6dB represents a loss of one bit so account for this when calculating






47. Occurs as data is assembled into meaningful bits or information and as left & right channels are separated






48. Ratio of magnitude of the analytical signal to the magnitude of the background noise signal






49. 16-Bit; 44.1 kHz; PCM; Stereo






50. Also known as equal loudness curves; Graph that indicates the average ear sensitivity to different frequencies at different SPL levels (as volume increases - these curves flatten out)






Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?



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