Test your basic knowledge |

Digital Audio

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 8.75 GB; DS/SL






2. A digital filter's time domain output sequence when the input is a single sample is input






3. Leaving space at beginning and ending of song for data crunching during mastering; Last step in mastering process






4. Digital Word -> Series of Resistors (each with assigned charges) -> Sample- and-Hold Circuit -> Anti-Imaging Filter (Smoothing Filter) -> Reconstructed Sample






5. More aggressive lossy data reduction techniques that require further manipulation of the stereo field; Examples are 'Intensity' & 'M-S'






6. Difference in brightness between land and pit on a CD Physical Format






7. HD Audio format; Lossless Compression; 24- bit/96 kHz; 5.1 Surround or 24- bit / 192 kHz stereo sound






8. If a signal is sampled at a rate higher than twice the highest significant signal frequency and at evenly spaced intervals - then the samples contain all the information of the original signal






9. Most significant lossless coding technique in current use; Measure of disorder in which long strings of data are represented by short symbols and uses the shortest symbols to represent the most common repetitive audio data maximizing data reduction






10. More accuracy in low amplitudes and less in higher amplitudes






11. Stores only one copy of a stereo signal and assigns it to both channels in order to save 50% of original bandwidth






12. Reduces the percieved distortion due to quantization error; Low level white noise source is introduced to make the profile of the quantization 'noise' more irregular; Useful when reducing the number of bits per word in a signal (i.e. when converting






13. MPEG; Standardizing body of audio coding






14. (Amplitude Based) Amplitude: Voltage; Quantization; Bit Depth; Quantization Intervals; Quantization Noise; [Signal:Quantization Noise Ratio]; Dither; Dynamic Range






15. Describes acceptable data - performances both offered and essential for a disc player - and the complete user experience






16. Sum of all harmonics; Sum of sine and cosine waves which have frequencies f - 2f - 3f - 4f...






17. Snippets of time in which frequency analysis takes place in a perceptual codec






18. Algorithm uses matrix of a mid/side microphone pair to determine a side signal & that signal is reduced then distributed as code in stereo






19. Softest sound that can be heard by the average human ear (0 dB)






20. Ultra low- latency - 512- channel (on a gigabit network) - less flexible AoE format; Routed like audio cables...not network cables






21. Specific set of instructions for carrying out a data reduction technique that determines how to 'save' binary data information efficiently






22. 4.38 GB; SS/SL






23. RAM holds in memory audio data before it is transferred to the memory controller; Certain amount of data is processed before large amounts of data are streamed to prevent latency






24. Multi-Bit Words; (Pulse Code Modulation)






25. Voltage -> Dither -> Anti-Aliasing (Low Pass Filter) -> Sample & Hold Circuit -> Successive Approximation/Quantizer --) 100111010 (PCM Audio File)






26. Number of bits per second processed when sampling sound; (Sampling Rate x Bit Depth) = Resolution






27. Increases D/A sample rate from nominal rate to oversampling rate by turning series multi- bit PCM samples into 1- bit samples; (ex. => 44.1kHz sample rate converted to 2.8MHz and simultaneously converts multi- bit samples to 1- bit); Low Pass Filter






28. The act of a frequency swinging back and forth with a steady - uninterrupted rhythm






29. Accuracy with which an electronic system reproduces the sound or image of its input signal






30. Level above which audible sounds are painful (125 - 130 db)






31. As sample rate is increased more room is created for a smoother slope of the attenuation band because Nyquist limit extends well beyond range of hearing with each increase






32. Data reduction technique that does not effect quality of original audio; No effect on original quality; Typically around 50% reduction; Exact reconstruction of digital code for the audio signal






33. Based on psychoacoustics - these are the basis of frequency analysis for a perceptual codec;






34. Data reduction technique that selectively removes original information in order to significantly reduce the file size; Some data is lost; Files can be reduced up to 99% in size (90% with no perceived sound quality loss); Bit rate effects the perceive






35. The set of rules that computers use to move files from one computer to another on an internet






36. EDL; Final list of samples used in the audio editing process; Identified by time code






37. ABR; Codecs that encode data by determining how dense or sparse areas of the audio are while also keeping bit rate within specified limits to avoid rebuffering






38. Data is transmitted over fiber optic lines; Uses a TOSLINK connecter instead of an RCA type; Can transmit multi- channel audio; Not susceptible to ground hum and loops; Able to support far higher rates of data transfer over greater distances than coa






39. Measure of the amplitude of a longitudinal wave






40. Roughly around 1 -130 ft/s






41. Mixing data and control characters in a single operation






42. Channels are processed one at a time and the results are stored on multiple CPU buffers that alternately send data as DAW requests the data for playback; First few seconds are relayed to the buffer prior to processing and playback and it continuously






43. 'Reconstructing' part of digital audio






44. Single- pin RCA cable or fiber- optic TOSLINK connector used for digital transfer; 75O coaxial - 2- channel unbalanced; 'Consumer' format of AES3






45. Sony sigma- delta modulation based technology that bypasses the decimation and interpolation steps found in PCM converters






46. Measurement at regular intervals of the amplitude of a varying waveform (in order to convert it to digital form); There must be a minimum of 2 samples for each cycle in a waveform






47. Decibels Full Scale






48. Signal voltage is relayed to a register from sample- and - hold circuit; Holds reference frequencies in binary form that decrease in value; Finds approximated value & assigns binary number accordingly






49. High Pressure - Part of a longitudinal wave where the particles of the medium are close together






50. A method of representing real numbers using a mantissa and an exponent