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Test your basic knowledge |
Digital Audio
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Signal voltage is relayed to a register from sample- and - hold circuit; Holds reference frequencies in binary form that decrease in value; Finds approximated value & assigns binary number accordingly
Morse Code
Successive Approximation
Decoder
MONO
2. High Pressure - Part of a longitudinal wave where the particles of the medium are close together
Logical Format
Pulse Code Modulation
Requirements for CD Audio
Compression
3. Data reduction technique that does not effect quality of original audio; No effect on original quality; Typically around 50% reduction; Exact reconstruction of digital code for the audio signal
Bit Rate
Floating Point
DVD-5
Lossless
4. 8.75 GB; DS/SL
Algorithm
DVD-10
Anti-Aliasing Filter
Compression
5. VBR; Most common & best data reduction technique; Codecs that encode data by determining how dense or sparse areas of the audio are; Can result in buffering issues
Zero-Latency Monitoring
Variable Bit Rate
Anti-Aliasing Filter
Decimation Filter
6. Take up half as many bits (50%); Algorithm can keep same quality by lossing the stereo track
Requirements for CD Audio
Intensity
MONO
dB/SPL
7. Overtones that contribute to the timbre of a sound and make up a complex waveform's physical characteristics
Gain Staging
Psychoacoustics
Index of Reflectivity
Harmonic Content
8. If a signal is sampled at a rate higher than twice the highest significant signal frequency and at evenly spaced intervals - then the samples contain all the information of the original signal
Sampling Theorem
M-S Stereo
Blu-Ray
Dynamic Range
9. Apple Lossless; Windows Media Lossless; DTS HD Master Audio; Dolby True HD; FLAC
Variable Bit Rate
Anti-Imaging Filter
Optical Cable
Lossless Formats
10. Specific set of instructions for carrying out a data reduction technique that determines how to 'save' binary data information efficiently
Algorithm
Sample Rate Effect on Anti-Aliasing
Quantization Intervals
Joint Stereo
11. Circuit that interprets the meaning of the symbols as they were chosen and arranged by the encode
Lossless
Convolution
Direct Monitoring
Decoder
12. Reference voltage determined by summing the voltage values of a predetermined number of previous samples; Numbers of 1 in row = waveform peak; Numbers of 0 in row = waveform trough; Basis of Sony's Direct Stream Digital (DSD)
Frequency
Pulse Density Modulation
Glass Master
Digital
13. Data transmission protocol over which computer network traffic travels; Poorly suited to real- time transmission but numerous attempts have been made to harness the technology because of its flexible routing; Uses simple Cat5 cabling; Resists interfe
Aliasing
Red Book
Audio over Ethernet (AoE)
Class - D Amplifier
14. 15.9 GB; DS/DL
6 dB
Low-Latency Monitoring
Lossless Formats
DVD-18
15. ADPCM; Pulse code modulation that produces a digital signal with a lower bit rate than standard PCM; Records only the difference between samples
Harmonic Content
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
Sample Rate
Bit Rate
16. A digital filter's time domain output sequence when the input is a single sample is input
Frames
Exponent
Index of Reflectivity
Impulse Response
17. Measure of the amplitude of a longitudinal wave
Intensity
Nanometer
Audio over Ethernet (AoE)
Motion Pictures Experts Group
18. Twice as many samples as the highest frequency at minimum; Sampling rate totally controls frequency response
Sample Rate
Sampling Rule
Successive Approximation
Buffering Locations
19. French mathematician that noted that any complex sound can be broken down into a series of component pure tones
Frequency
Jitter
Joseph Fourier
Claude Shannon
20. Based on Full Scale (dB/FS); -6dB represents a loss of one bit so account for this when calculating
Effective Bit Depth
Decimation Filter
Dynamic Range
dB/FS
21. Sample Rate x Bit Depth x # of Channels
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
Latency
Redither
Variable Bit Rate
22. Sony and Philips optical disc format; Utilizes sigma delta DSD to offer higher resolution; 1- bit; 2.8224 MHz; 6-Channel
Voltage
Sony-Philips Digital Interface Format (S/PDIF)
2 Dimensions of Sound
SACD
23. Contains all even and odd harmonics associated with a fundamental tone - making it a rich source for modeling other sounds; Amplitude of each overtone decreases exponentially as a ratio of the harmonic's frequency to that of the fundamental
DVD-9
Sawtooth Wave
dB/SPL
Y-Axis Terminology
24. Softest sound that can be heard by the average human ear (0 dB)
Glass Master
Analog
Frequency
Threshold of Hearing
25. Also known as equal loudness curves; Graph that indicates the average ear sensitivity to different frequencies at different SPL levels (as volume increases - these curves flatten out)
Fourier Series
Fletcher- Munson Curve
Peak Level
Interleaved
26. Low Pressure; Part in a longitudinal wave where the particles are spread apart
Lossless
Sampling (Samples)
Requirements for CD Audio
Rarefaction
27. Increases or decreases the digital signal so that the loudest sample is brought up to 0dBfs; Uses all bits from dynamic range and makes it even from track to track
Normalizing
Noise Shaping
SACD
Average Bit Rate
28. Serial Copy Management System; main difference between AES3 & S/PIDF
dB/FS
A/D Conversion Signal Flow
Jitter
SCMS
29. 'Reconstructing' part of digital audio
D/A Conversion
Nanometer
Quantization Intervals
Rarefaction
30. Measures the highest levels of a signal being recorded or mixed; Monitors for clipping - which occurs at 0dBFS); Does not always reflect perceived volume of signal
Foldover
Red Book
Sampling Theorem
Peak Level
31. (Amplitude Based) Amplitude: Voltage; Quantization; Bit Depth; Quantization Intervals; Quantization Noise; [Signal:Quantization Noise Ratio]; Dither; Dynamic Range
Exponent
Square Wave
Photoreceptor
Y-Axis Terminology
32. DAW's and software must buffer when converting or bouncing and this latency can add up if not monitored
AES3
Sample Rate
Conversion Buffering
Recording Levels
33. Cable used to transmit data; Inner cable is surrounded by a plastic insulator - which is surrounded by a wire mesh conductor that insulates the internal signal wire from external interference and an outer casing that functions as a ground
Latency
Frequency
Coaxial
Sample Rate
34. Multi-Bit Words; (Pulse Code Modulation)
Edit Decision List
Redither
Inter-Channel Redundancy
PCM
35. In order to play multiple channels at one time data is buffered as read to disk; Latency happens between play command & beginning of playback
Harmonic Content
Internal Resolution
AES3
Playback Buffering
36. EBU
Buffering Locations
Frames
European Broadcasting Union
CPU Buffering
37. Snippets of time in which frequency analysis takes place in a perceptual codec
Sample- and-Hold
Frames
Decimation Filter
AES3
38. Channels are processed one at a time and the results are stored on multiple CPU buffers that alternately send data as DAW requests the data for playback; First few seconds are relayed to the buffer prior to processing and playback and it continuously
X-Axis Terminology
Lossy
CPU Buffering
Buffering
39. A time regulator that makes all samples and bits to align when working with interconnected digital devices; Basically a signal that all of the digital devices refer to when operating.
dB/FS
Red Book
Oscillation
Word Clock
40. Have odd numbered harmonics
Lossy Formats
Harmonic Content
Direct Stream Digital
Square Wave
41. Reduces A/D sample rate from the oversampled rate to nominal rate by turning series of one- bit samples into a series of multi- bit PCM samples; (ex. => 2.8MHz sample rate converted to 44.1kHz and simultaneously converts 1-Bit samples to multi- bit);
Decimation Filter
Requirements for A/D Conversion
Compression
Buffering Locations
42. 12.33 GB; DS/ML
Gain Staging
Sony-Philips Digital Interface Format (S/PDIF)
Lightpipe
DVD-14
43. A situation where a calculated value cannot fit into the number of digits reserved for it
Digital
Overflow
Effective Bit Depth
European Broadcasting Union
44. Very quiet digital amplifier that produces a series of output pulses with the audio signal coded the same as the width of the output pulses; Pulses are used to represent wave forms and are either on or off; Intense signals have long pulses with short
Sampling (Samples)
dB/SPL
Class - D Amplifier
Audio Engineering Society
45. Full Scale; Type of metering that measures level in digital recording system; Recording and Mixing levels should NEVER exceed 0dB FS in digital audio or clipping will occur
dB/FS
Oversampling
Logical Format
Voltage
46. 12cm plastic disc; 1.2mm thick; One- sided; Red Laser; 1.6 microns between tracks; 125 nanometer pits
Dolby 5.1
Red Book
Requirements for A/D Conversion
Sawtooth Wave
47. Digital (binary) measurements of how long each pulse is either on or off; Width of increasing voltage or decreasing voltage is assigned a 1 or 0 respectively
Pulse Code Modulation
Digital Signal Processing
dB/FS
Pulse Width Modulation
48. How Loud (Y-Axis) & How Fast (X-Axis)
Dolby 5.1
SCMS
Subbands
2 Dimensions of Sound
49. Subtract place values from the decimal number and place ones or zeros in the correct places
Low-Latency Monitoring
Decimal- to-Binary Conversion
Coaxial
Buffering Locations
50. Circuit that seizes voltage values with each tick of an A/D device's internal clock
Dithering
Stapedes Reflex
Sample- and-Hold
RMS Meter