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Digital Audio

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Stores only one copy of a stereo signal and assigns it to both channels in order to save 50% of original bandwidth






2. Removes high frequency images and noise and smoothes the stair case output coming from of the sample and hold circuit; Also called a SMOOTHING FILTER






3. Splits the input signal and mixes it with an analog copy so that no latency is present






4. Number of bits used to represent the smallest unit of information in an audio file; Greater bit depth = better quality audio






5. The frequency range that is allowed through a filter






6. Inner ear component that attaches to the stapes and helps to decrease the amplitude of vibrations; Causes the masking phenomenon






7. A sample- by- sample operation on two signals






8. (Amplitude Based) Amplitude: Voltage; Quantization; Bit Depth; Quantization Intervals; Quantization Noise; [Signal:Quantization Noise Ratio]; Dither; Dynamic Range






9. If a signal is sampled at a rate higher than twice the highest significant signal frequency and at evenly spaced intervals - then the samples contain all the information of the original signal






10. Accuracy with which an electronic system reproduces the sound or image of its input signal






11. The difference in volume between the loudest and quietest sounds of a source






12. Series of dots and dashes representing the letters of the alphabet; Most common letters are represented by the shortest dots and dashes; Example of entropy coding






13. A method of representing real numbers using a mantissa and an exponent






14. Serial Copy Management System; main difference between AES3 & S/PIDF






15. Sum of all harmonics; Sum of sine and cosine waves which have frequencies f - 2f - 3f - 4f...






16. Represents the amplitude component of the digital sampling process; Technique of incrementing a continuous analog event into a discrete set of binary digits (bits)






17. Sony sigma- delta modulation based technology that bypasses the decimation and interpolation steps found in PCM converters






18. Digital (binary) measurements of how long each pulse is either on or off; Width of increasing voltage or decreasing voltage is assigned a 1 or 0 respectively






19. Roughly around 1 -130 ft/s






20. Measuring equipment in A/D conversion that processes voltage and provides a value for that voltage






21. Digital Word -> Series of Resistors (each with assigned charges) -> Sample- and-Hold Circuit -> Anti-Imaging Filter (Smoothing Filter) -> Reconstructed Sample






22. Fractional part of a floating- point number; Also called the mantissa; Defines precision






23. Level above which audible sounds are painful (125 - 130 db)






24. Data reduction technique that selectively removes original information in order to significantly reduce the file size; Some data is lost; Files can be reduced up to 99% in size (90% with no perceived sound quality loss); Bit rate effects the perceive






25. Reduces the percieved distortion due to quantization error; Low level white noise source is introduced to make the profile of the quantization 'noise' more irregular; Useful when reducing the number of bits per word in a signal (i.e. when converting






26. DAW's and software must buffer when converting or bouncing and this latency can add up if not monitored






27. Channels are processed one at a time and the results are stored on multiple CPU buffers that alternately send data as DAW requests the data for playback; First few seconds are relayed to the buffer prior to processing and playback and it continuously






28. Allowance of noise floor below that which is required for the final product






29. CobraNet; EtherSound; Dante; AVB (currently under development)






30. Method used in digital recording and reproduction in which a signal is sampled at various points and the resulting value is translated into binary numbers






31. Very selective method of lowering buffer levels by halting different levels of audio processing






32. Occurs as data is assembled into meaningful bits or information and as left & right channels are separated






33. How Loud (Y-Axis) & How Fast (X-Axis)






34. Six channel (five speakers and one subwoofer for bass) digital surround sound system by Dolby






35. The frequency above or below which attenuation begins in a filter circuit






36. MPEG; Standardizing body of audio coding






37. Used as the main disc from which other discs are made; Composed of ground glass with a very fine photoresistor layer; An imaging laser burns pit and land patterns in preparation for duplication






38. 7.95 GB; SS/DL






39. Circuit that interprets the meaning of the symbols as they were chosen and arranged by the encode






40. Circuit that seizes voltage values with each tick of an A/D device's internal clock






41. ADPCM; Pulse code modulation that produces a digital signal with a lower bit rate than standard PCM; Records only the difference between samples






42. A network communications protocol that specifies how machines will exchange data; Uses a broadcast system in which one machine transmits its message on the communication medium and the other machines listen for messages directed to them






43. Used when the reference pressure of a sound is 20 microPa (0.00002); Sound Pressure Level; Measure of amplitude






44. Take up half as many bits (50%); Algorithm can keep same quality by lossing the stereo track






45. Measures the highest levels of a signal being recorded or mixed; Monitors for clipping - which occurs at 0dBFS); Does not always reflect perceived volume of signal






46. Contains all even and odd harmonics associated with a fundamental tone - making it a rich source for modeling other sounds; Amplitude of each overtone decreases exponentially as a ratio of the harmonic's frequency to that of the fundamental






47. French mathematician that noted that any complex sound can be broken down into a series of component pure tones






48. AAC (Advanced Audio Coding); MP3; RA; WMA; OGG Vorbis; Dolby Digital/AC-3; DTS; ADPCM






49. Psychoacoustic model of data reduction used for general audio compression that aims to transmit only features perceptible to the human ear; Useful for mastering streaming media






50. In order to play multiple channels at one time data is buffered as read to disk; Latency happens between play command & beginning of playback






Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?



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