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Test your basic knowledge |
Digital Audio
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Contains all even and odd harmonics associated with a fundamental tone - making it a rich source for modeling other sounds; Amplitude of each overtone decreases exponentially as a ratio of the harmonic's frequency to that of the fundamental
Data Packing
Sampling Theorem
Sawtooth Wave
TOSLINK
2. Data is transmitted over fiber optic lines; Uses a TOSLINK connecter instead of an RCA type; Can transmit multi- channel audio; Not susceptible to ground hum and loops; Able to support far higher rates of data transfer over greater distances than coa
Zero-Latency Monitoring
Sample Rate Effect on Anti-Aliasing
Sonogram
Optical Cable
3. Unit of measurement that is equal to one millionth of a meter
Audio over Ethernet (AoE)
Data Packing
Micron
Average Bit Rate
4. Method of sampling data at a higher resolution (higher sample rate) as a means of reducing harmonic content during D/A conversion; (x2) oversampling gets rid of all odd harmonic content
dB/SPL
Oversampling
Base 2 System
Acoustics
5. Father of modern information theory; Solidified the Nyquist Theory by adding the concept that bits per second (binary representation of audio signals) must be at equal intervals to accurately represent data
Lightpipe
Claude Shannon
Latency
Transfer Protocol
6. Twice as many samples as the highest frequency at minimum; Sampling rate totally controls frequency response
Voltage
Sampling Rule
RMS Meter
dB/SPL
7. Ratio of magnitude of the analytical signal to the magnitude of the background noise signal
MONO
Spectra
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
Signal- to- Noise Ratio
8. A frequency specified for a filter (digital or electronic) the marks the point at which the frequency content of a signal is altered +/- 3dB
dBFS
RMS Meter
Cutoff Frequency
Conversion Buffering
9. Sample Rate x Bit Depth x # of Channels
Aliasing
Transfer Protocol
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
Data Packing
10. Built into DAWs; Bits are added when signals are mixed together to avoid clipping
A/D Conversion
Headroom Bits
Bit Depth
Latency
11. Inner ear component that attaches to the stapes and helps to decrease the amplitude of vibrations; Causes the masking phenomenon
Sampling Rule
Rarefaction
Stapedes Reflex
Masking Analysis...
12. A situation where a calculated value cannot fit into the number of digits reserved for it
DVD-Audio
CPU Buffering
Overflow
Storage Conversion Steps
13. As sample rate is increased more room is created for a smoother slope of the attenuation band because Nyquist limit extends well beyond range of hearing with each increase
Sample Rate Effect on Anti-Aliasing
Algorithm
Floating Point
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
14. Lossless Format; Can hold up to 25GB on a single- layer disc and 50GB on a dual- layer disc
Normalizing
Conversion Buffering
Blu-Ray
Buffering
15. Apple Lossless; Windows Media Lossless; DTS HD Master Audio; Dolby True HD; FLAC
Lossless Formats
D/A Conversion
Micron
Frames
16. Data reduction technique that does not effect quality of original audio; No effect on original quality; Typically around 50% reduction; Exact reconstruction of digital code for the audio signal
AoE Formats
Interpolation Filter
Lossless
Sony-Philips Digital Interface Format (S/PDIF)
17. Defines the number of sample per second taken from a continuous signal to make a discrete signal; Governs the frequency response of digital audio
SCMS
Sample Rate
DVD-18
Buffer Size
18. 1.) Bit Rate x Sample Rate (you'll get b/sec) 2.) Multiply by 60 if converting seconds to minutes 3.) Divide by 8 to convert bits to Bytes and get B/min 4.) Divide by 1 -024 to get KB/min and keep doing it until you get desired bit rate specification
Anti-Imaging Filter
dB/SPL
RMS
Storage Conversion Steps
19. Only 2 digits used; The value of each place (ones - hundreds - etc.) are as follows from greatest to least: 128 - 64 - 32 - 16 - 8 - 4 - 2 - 1
Dynamic Range
Ethernet
Base 2 System
Glass Master
20. Measures the highest levels of a signal being recorded or mixed; Monitors for clipping - which occurs at 0dBFS); Does not always reflect perceived volume of signal
Convolution
Interleaved
Peak Level
Data Packing
21. A sample- by- sample operation on two signals
Delta-Sigma Modulation
Sample- and-Hold
Lossy
Convolution
22. 15.9 GB; DS/DL
DVD-18
PCM
Interpolation Filter
Masking Analysis...
23. Same as 'aliasing'
Playback Buffering
Direct Monitoring
Foldover
Spectra
24. Describes acceptable data - performances both offered and essential for a disc player - and the complete user experience
Photoreceptor
Logical Format
Spectrum Multiplication
dB/FS
25. The set of rules that computers use to move files from one computer to another on an internet
I/O Connection Buffering
Transfer Protocol
Aliasing
Internal Resolution
26. Based on psychoacoustics - these are the basis of frequency analysis for a perceptual codec;
CPU Buffering
Optical Cable
Subbands
Successive Approximation
27. High Pressure - Part of a longitudinal wave where the particles of the medium are close together
Rarefaction
Compression
Lossy Formats
Fidelity
28. Method of representing an acoustic quantity with a series of binary numbers; Can have only specific individually distinct values
Fourier Series
Successive Approximation
Digital
Optical Cable
29. 12.33 GB; DS/ML
Interpolation Filter
Harmonic Content
DVD-14
Interleaved
30. The more bits allocated during quantization - the more accurate the measurement
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
Amplitude Accuracy
Bit Depth Effect on Dynamic Range
Blu-Ray
31. Root Mean Square; Refers to taking the square root of all instantaneous amplitudes; Takes the average of those squares; (-6 Peak Level is approximately equal to -20 RMS)
Lossless
RMS
Spectrum Multiplication
M-S Stereo
32. Measurement at regular intervals of the amplitude of a varying waveform (in order to convert it to digital form); There must be a minimum of 2 samples for each cycle in a waveform
Sampling (Samples)
Logical Format
dB/FS
I/O Connection Buffering
33. Each bit in the bit depth is equal to a _____ increase in dynamic range
Audio Engineering Society
Sampling Theorem
Sampling (Samples)
6 dB
34. The mathematics - algorithms - and the techniques used to manipulate signals after they have been converted to digital form
Transfer Protocol
Digital Signal Processing
Lossy Formats
Direct Monitoring
35. Snippets of time in which frequency analysis takes place in a perceptual codec
Headroom Bits
Buffering Locations
Interpolation Filter
Frames
36. HD Audio format; Lossless Compression; 24- bit/96 kHz; 5.1 Surround or 24- bit / 192 kHz stereo sound
DVD-Audio
RMS
Glass Master
Conversion Buffering
37. Full Scale; Type of metering that measures level in digital recording system; Recording and Mixing levels should NEVER exceed 0dB FS in digital audio or clipping will occur
Logical Format
Morse Code
dB/FS
Compression
38. Sum of all harmonics; Sum of sine and cosine waves which have frequencies f - 2f - 3f - 4f...
Fourier Series
Multichannel Audio Digital Interface (MADI)
Square Wave
Foldover
39. Measure of the amplitude of a longitudinal wave
Frames
Quantizer
Rarefaction
Intensity
40. Industry Standards: -6 dB Peak = -20 RMS Meter
DVD-10
Recording Levels
Quantization
Harmonic Content
41. The number of compressions or rarefactions in one second; The higher the frequency the more compressions & rarefactions per second; Measured in Hertz
Spectrum Multiplication
Direct Monitoring
Lossy
Frequency
42. Unit of measurement that is equal to one billionth of a meter
A/D Conversion Signal Flow
Sonogram
Nanometer
Ethernet
43. Signal voltage is relayed to a register from sample- and - hold circuit; Holds reference frequencies in binary form that decrease in value; Finds approximated value & assigns binary number accordingly
CobraNet
Spectrum Multiplication
Successive Approximation
Harmonic Content
44. The amount of energy at each wavelength
Codec
Spectra
Sinusoidal
Fourier Series
45. 7.95 GB; SS/DL
DVD-9
Noise Shaping
Voltage
DVD-14
46. Governs the frequency response of a digital system; The highest- frequency component that can be captured with a sampling rate; always 1/2 of sampling rate; Also called the limiting frequency
Sonogram
Motion Pictures Experts Group
Lossy Formats
Nyquist Frequency
47. The act of a frequency swinging back and forth with a steady - uninterrupted rhythm
Oscillation
Internal Resolution
Voltage
Psychoacoustics
48. ADPCM; Pulse code modulation that produces a digital signal with a lower bit rate than standard PCM; Records only the difference between samples
Index of Reflectivity
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
Additive Synthesis...
Optical Cable
49. If a signal is sampled at a rate higher than twice the highest significant signal frequency and at evenly spaced intervals - then the samples contain all the information of the original signal
Compression
M-S Stereo
Equal Loudness Contour
Sampling Theorem
50. Uses entropy coding as the basis; Computer data compression algorithm that packages files such as .ZIP & .RAR
Successive Approximation
Latency
Pad Head & Tail
Data Packing