Test your basic knowledge |

Digital Audio

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Specific set of instructions for carrying out a data reduction technique that determines how to 'save' binary data information efficiently






2. Unit of measurement that is equal to one millionth of a meter






3. The loudest point of a Full Scale system






4. Twice as many samples as the highest frequency at minimum; Sampling rate totally controls frequency response






5. EDL; Final list of samples used in the audio editing process; Identified by time code






6. Method of representing an acoustic quantity with a series of binary numbers; Can have only specific individually distinct values






7. Number of bits used to represent the smallest unit of information in an audio file; Greater bit depth = better quality audio






8. A sample- by- sample operation on two signals






9. 1st commercially successful AoE format for the transmission of digital audio - video - and control signals over 64- channel 100Mbps Ethernet networks






10. Stores only one copy of a stereo signal and assigns it to both channels in order to save 50% of original bandwidth






11. AES






12. As sample rate is increased more room is created for a smoother slope of the attenuation band because Nyquist limit extends well beyond range of hearing with each increase






13. Smallest interval measurable by a scientific instrument; Defined by bit rate (sample rate x bit depth)






14. Found that aliasing was always a problem no matter how fast you sample; Less data recorded but more accurate; 2 samples per wave length.






15. More aggressive lossy data reduction techniques that require further manipulation of the stereo field; Examples are 'Intensity' & 'M-S'






16. The elapsed time it takes for a packet of data to arrive at its destination; Lagging or pause of an audio signal as digital processing occurs; Can be managed utilizing several forms of 'audio monitoring'






17. Fractional part of a floating- point number; Also called the mantissa; Defines precision






18. Low Pressure; Part in a longitudinal wave where the particles are spread apart






19. The more bits allocated during quantization - the more accurate the measurement






20. High Pressure - Part of a longitudinal wave where the particles of the medium are close together






21. Psychoacoustic model of data reduction used for general audio compression that aims to transmit only features perceptible to the human ear; Useful for mastering streaming media






22. Computer program or device capable of encoding and/or decoding a digital data stream with the end result being a reduced file size






23. Data is transmitted over fiber optic lines; Uses a TOSLINK connecter instead of an RCA type; Can transmit multi- channel audio; Not susceptible to ground hum and loops; Able to support far higher rates of data transfer over greater distances than coa






24. Serial Copy Management System; main difference between AES3 & S/PIDF






25. Digital (binary) measurements of how long each pulse is either on or off; Width of increasing voltage or decreasing voltage is assigned a 1 or 0 respectively






26. Data transmission protocol over which computer network traffic travels; Poorly suited to real- time transmission but numerous attempts have been made to harness the technology because of its flexible routing; Uses simple Cat5 cabling; Resists interfe






27. 1.) Bit Rate x Sample Rate (you'll get b/sec) 2.) Multiply by 60 if converting seconds to minutes 3.) Divide by 8 to convert bits to Bytes and get B/min 4.) Divide by 1 -024 to get KB/min and keep doing it until you get desired bit rate specification






28. Method used in digital recording and reproduction in which a signal is sampled at various points and the resulting value is translated into binary numbers






29. Each bit in the bit depth is equal to a _____ increase in dynamic range






30. The frequency above or below which attenuation begins in a filter circuit






31. A digital filter's time domain output sequence when the input is a single sample is input






32. Voltage -> Dither -> Anti-Aliasing (Low Pass Filter) -> Sample & Hold Circuit -> Successive Approximation/Quantizer --) 100111010 (PCM Audio File)






33. A drive that can read and write on optical media that hold up to 50 GB on two layers; 24- bit/96 kHz for 8-Channel; 24- bit/192 kHz for 6-Channel






34. 'Capturing' part of digital audio; Never captures a signal perfectly






35. Reduces A/D sample rate from the oversampled rate to nominal rate by turning series of one- bit samples into a series of multi- bit PCM samples; (ex. => 2.8MHz sample rate converted to 44.1kHz and simultaneously converts 1-Bit samples to multi- bit);






36. Improper (false) sampling of high frequencies that cause much lower frequencies to be produced when the audio is reconstructed; Foldover happens at higher frequencies as harmonics reach levels that exceed the Nyquist limit.






37. 12cm plastic disc; 1.2mm thick; One- sided; Red Laser; 1.6 microns between tracks; 125 nanometer pits






38. The number of compressions or rarefactions in one second; The higher the frequency the more compressions & rarefactions per second; Measured in Hertz






39. Occurs as data is assembled into meaningful bits or information and as left & right channels are separated






40. Measure of sound pressure over the frequency spectrum - for which a listener perceives a constant loudness when presented with pure steady tones






41. Deviation from a normal - steady pulse or tick of a clock that contributes to misrepresentation of a signal; Result of small timing irregularities that become magnified during the transmission of digital signals as the signals are passed from one dev






42. AAC (Advanced Audio Coding); MP3; RA; WMA; OGG Vorbis; Dolby Digital/AC-3; DTS; ADPCM






43. Uses entropy coding as the basis; Computer data compression algorithm that packages files such as .ZIP & .RAR






44. Increases D/A sample rate from nominal rate to oversampling rate by turning series multi- bit PCM samples into 1- bit samples; (ex. => 44.1kHz sample rate converted to 2.8MHz and simultaneously converts multi- bit samples to 1- bit); Low Pass Filter






45. Data reduction technique that selectively removes original information in order to significantly reduce the file size; Some data is lost; Files can be reduced up to 99% in size (90% with no perceived sound quality loss); Bit rate effects the perceive






46. The mathematics - algorithms - and the techniques used to manipulate signals after they have been converted to digital form






47. EBU






48. Take up half as many bits (50%); Algorithm can keep same quality by lossing the stereo track






49. Joint-Stereo Technique; Since the human brain is unable to localize sounds at high frequencies well sounds above 9 kHz threshold are encoded in mono






50. Describes various optical disc characteristics including the size and shape of the disc - the size of pits - the speed at which the disc spins - and a multitude of aspects regarding the specifications of the player itself