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Test your basic knowledge |
Digital Audio
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A frequency specified for a filter (digital or electronic) the marks the point at which the frequency content of a signal is altered +/- 3dB
Compression
Red Book
0 dB FS
Cutoff Frequency
2. (Amplitude Based) Amplitude: Voltage; Quantization; Bit Depth; Quantization Intervals; Quantization Noise; [Signal:Quantization Noise Ratio]; Dither; Dynamic Range
Nyquist Frequency
DVD-5
Dithering
Y-Axis Terminology
3. The act of a frequency swinging back and forth with a steady - uninterrupted rhythm
DVD-14
Sample- and-Hold
Oscillation
Psychoacoustics
4. Ratio of magnitude of the analytical signal to the magnitude of the background noise signal
AoE Formats
Red Book
Conversion Buffering
Signal- to- Noise Ratio
5. Fractional part of a floating- point number; Also called the mantissa; Defines precision
Joseph Fourier
Significand
Acoustics
Constant Bit Rate
6. Measurement at regular intervals of the amplitude of a varying waveform (in order to convert it to digital form); There must be a minimum of 2 samples for each cycle in a waveform
Lossless
Sampling (Samples)
Attenuation
Decimal- to-Binary Conversion
7. Reduces A/D sample rate from the oversampled rate to nominal rate by turning series of one- bit samples into a series of multi- bit PCM samples; (ex. => 2.8MHz sample rate converted to 44.1kHz and simultaneously converts 1-Bit samples to multi- bit);
Lightpipe
Sample- and-Hold
Intensity Stereo
Decimation Filter
8. A sample- by- sample operation on two signals
DVD-Audio
Requirements for CD Audio
Oscillation
Convolution
9. Stores only one copy of a stereo signal and assigns it to both channels in order to save 50% of original bandwidth
Pass Band
Sampling (Samples)
Inter-Channel Redundancy
Voltage
10. Electromagnetic receptor that detects the radiation known as visible light
Anti-Aliasing Filter
Coaxial
Inter-Channel Redundancy
Photoreceptor
11. Six channel (five speakers and one subwoofer for bass) digital surround sound system by Dolby
Perceptual Coding
Sawtooth Wave
Pulse Density Modulation
Dolby 5.1
12. Eliminates frequencies above the Nyquist limit from becoming samples; Occurs prior to quantization
Anti-Aliasing Filter
Compression
CobraNet
DVD-9
13. Each bit in the bit depth is equal to a _____ increase in dynamic range
6 dB
RMS Meter
Compression
Buffer Size
14. Reduces the percieved distortion due to quantization error; Low level white noise source is introduced to make the profile of the quantization 'noise' more irregular; Useful when reducing the number of bits per word in a signal (i.e. when converting
Dithering
Pad Head & Tail
Latency
Footroom
15. How Loud (Y-Axis) & How Fast (X-Axis)
2 Dimensions of Sound
DVD-18
Footroom
Sony-Philips Digital Interface Format (S/PDIF)
16. Playback; I/O Connections; CPU (Streaming); Conversion from DAW or Software
Nyquist Frequency
Buffering Locations
Lossless Formats
Normalizing
17. Increases or decreases the digital signal so that the loudest sample is brought up to 0dBfs; Uses all bits from dynamic range and makes it even from track to track
Audio Engineering Society
A/D Conversion
Joint Stereo
Normalizing
18. Allows for an internal sample rate at multiples of the input and output rates; Alleviates the need for steep 'brickwall' filters; Often combined with internal '1- bit' processing; Increases smoothing effect
Oversampling
Sony-Philips Digital Interface Format (S/PDIF)
Gain Staging
Psychoacoustics
19. The art of deciding where to place a processor in signal flow based on how that processor will be influenced by the other processors in the path
Fletcher- Munson Curve
Buffering
Sample- and-Hold
Gain Staging
20. More aggressive lossy data reduction techniques that require further manipulation of the stereo field; Examples are 'Intensity' & 'M-S'
Equal Loudness Contour
Pulse Width Modulation
Joint Stereo
DVD-5
21. If a signal is sampled at a rate higher than twice the highest significant signal frequency and at evenly spaced intervals - then the samples contain all the information of the original signal
Spectrum Multiplication
Fourier Series
Sample- and-Hold
Sampling Theorem
22. Have odd numbered harmonics
Bit Depth
Spectrum Multiplication
Speed of Sound
Square Wave
23. Samples are duplicated and the playback sampling rate correspondingly increased; Significantly raises the Nyquist limit to a range well beyond human hearing; Processing 'pushes' the distortion resulting from quantization error into these higher frequ
Codec
Sampling Theorem
Decoder
Noise Shaping
24. Ultra low- latency - 512- channel (on a gigabit network) - less flexible AoE format; Routed like audio cables...not network cables
Photoreceptor
EtherSound
Y-Axis Terminology
Square Wave
25. Digital (binary) measurements of how long each pulse is either on or off; Width of increasing voltage or decreasing voltage is assigned a 1 or 0 respectively
Attenuation
Pulse Width Modulation
Decimation Filter
2 Dimensions of Sound
26. Computer program or device capable of encoding and/or decoding a digital data stream with the end result being a reduced file size
2 Dimensions of Sound
Cutoff Frequency
Zero-Latency Monitoring
Codec
27. Multi-Bit Words; (Pulse Code Modulation)
Exponent
Impulse Response
PCM
Dithering
28. 1st commercially successful AoE format for the transmission of digital audio - video - and control signals over 64- channel 100Mbps Ethernet networks
Buffering Locations
CobraNet
Quantization Error
Decimal- to-Binary Conversion
29. Circuit that interprets the meaning of the symbols as they were chosen and arranged by the encode
Average Bit Rate
Decoder
Cutoff Frequency
Entropy Coding
30. Signal voltage is relayed to a register from sample- and - hold circuit; Holds reference frequencies in binary form that decrease in value; Finds approximated value & assigns binary number accordingly
dB/SPL
Successive Approximation
X-Axis Terminology
Rarefaction
31. Removes high frequency images and noise and smoothes the stair case output coming from of the sample and hold circuit; Also called a SMOOTHING FILTER
Direct Monitoring
Anti-Imaging Filter
Speed of Sound
Threshold of Hearing
32. Also known as equal loudness curves; Graph that indicates the average ear sensitivity to different frequencies at different SPL levels (as volume increases - these curves flatten out)
Constant Bit Rate
Fletcher- Munson Curve
Direct Monitoring
Exponent
33. Sample Rate x Bit Depth x # of Channels
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
Overflow
Direct Monitoring
Attenuation
34. Level above which audible sounds are painful (125 - 130 db)
Oscillation
Threshold of Pain
Quantization Intervals
Sonogram
35. 4.38 GB; SS/SL
Pad Head & Tail
DVD-5
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
TOSLINK
36. Allowance of noise floor below that which is required for the final product
Jitter
Aliasing
Class - D Amplifier
Footroom
37. ADAT Optcal; 8- in/8- out on two cables; Fiber- optic - TOSLINK connector
Direct Stream Digital
Lightpipe
Fletcher- Munson Curve
Buffering Locations
38. 12.33 GB; DS/ML
Transfer Protocol
DVD-14
Buffer Size
Aliasing
39. Overtones that contribute to the timbre of a sound and make up a complex waveform's physical characteristics
DVD-18
Voltage
Pulse Width Modulation
Harmonic Content
40. High Pressure - Part of a longitudinal wave where the particles of the medium are close together
Lightpipe
Compression
Convolution
Resolution
41. Twice as many samples as the highest frequency at minimum; Sampling rate totally controls frequency response
Physical Disc Format
Sampling Rule
A/D Conversion Signal Flow
Blu-Ray
42. Data is transmitted over fiber optic lines; Uses a TOSLINK connecter instead of an RCA type; Can transmit multi- channel audio; Not susceptible to ground hum and loops; Able to support far higher rates of data transfer over greater distances than coa
Buffering
Digital
Optical Cable
Ethernet
43. Anytime bit depth is reduced the gap gets bigger so more dithering is required
Dolby 7.1
Class - D Amplifier
Spectra
Redither
44. Most significant lossless coding technique in current use; Measure of disorder in which long strings of data are represented by short symbols and uses the shortest symbols to represent the most common repetitive audio data maximizing data reduction
Digital Signal Processing
Sinusoidal
Entropy Coding
X-Axis Terminology
45. As sample rate is increased more room is created for a smoother slope of the attenuation band because Nyquist limit extends well beyond range of hearing with each increase
Pass Band
Blu-Ray
0 dB FS
Sample Rate Effect on Anti-Aliasing
46. 1.) Taking a series of evenly- spaced measurements 2.) Signal contains no frequency components higher than half the sample rate
Interpolation Filter
Requirements for A/D Conversion
Signal- to- Noise Ratio
Pass Band
47. 8.75 GB; DS/SL
Edit Decision List
Speed of Sound
DVD-10
Codec
48. When recording you want the smallest buffer available; When mixing you want the largest buffer available
Buffer Size
Constant Bit Rate
Headroom Bits
Fletcher- Munson Curve
49. Measure of the amplitude of a longitudinal wave
Intensity
Equal Loudness Contour
DVD-14
Normalizing
50. Channels are processed one at a time and the results are stored on multiple CPU buffers that alternately send data as DAW requests the data for playback; First few seconds are relayed to the buffer prior to processing and playback and it continuously
Word Clock
CPU Buffering
Buffering Locations
Requirements for CD Audio