Test your basic knowledge |

Digital Audio

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Waveform of a pure tone showing simple harmonic motion






2. A method of representing real numbers using a mantissa and an exponent






3. More accuracy in low amplitudes and less in higher amplitudes






4. The act of a frequency swinging back and forth with a steady - uninterrupted rhythm






5. AAC (Advanced Audio Coding); MP3; RA; WMA; OGG Vorbis; Dolby Digital/AC-3; DTS; ADPCM






6. Digital (binary) measurements of how long each pulse is either on or off; Width of increasing voltage or decreasing voltage is assigned a 1 or 0 respectively






7. Based on psychoacoustics - these are the basis of frequency analysis for a perceptual codec;






8. Number of bits per second processed when sampling sound; (Sampling Rate x Bit Depth) = Resolution






9. The set of rules that computers use to move files from one computer to another on an internet






10. Data reduction technique that selectively removes original information in order to significantly reduce the file size; Some data is lost; Files can be reduced up to 99% in size (90% with no perceived sound quality loss); Bit rate effects the perceive






11. How Loud (Y-Axis) & How Fast (X-Axis)






12. Reduces A/D sample rate from the oversampled rate to nominal rate by turning series of one- bit samples into a series of multi- bit PCM samples; (ex. => 2.8MHz sample rate converted to 44.1kHz and simultaneously converts 1-Bit samples to multi- bit);






13. Number or variable that represents the number of times the base of a power is used as a factor; Defines magnitude






14. Method used in digital recording and reproduction in which a signal is sampled at various points and the resulting value is translated into binary numbers






15. Deviation from a normal - steady pulse or tick of a clock that contributes to misrepresentation of a signal; Result of small timing irregularities that become magnified during the transmission of digital signals as the signals are passed from one dev






16. Most significant lossless coding technique in current use; Measure of disorder in which long strings of data are represented by short symbols and uses the shortest symbols to represent the most common repetitive audio data maximizing data reduction






17. Subtract place values from the decimal number and place ones or zeros in the correct places






18. Take up half as many bits (50%); Algorithm can keep same quality by lossing the stereo track






19. In order to play multiple channels at one time data is buffered as read to disk; Latency happens between play command & beginning of playback






20. Unit of measurement that is equal to one billionth of a meter






21. Perceptual coding technique that uses louder sounds of a similar frequency to decide what information is to be saved during data reduction






22. A drive that can read and write on optical media that hold up to 50 GB on two layers; 24- bit/96 kHz for 8-Channel; 24- bit/192 kHz for 6-Channel






23. Decibels Full Scale






24. Samples are duplicated and the playback sampling rate correspondingly increased; Significantly raises the Nyquist limit to a range well beyond human hearing; Processing 'pushes' the distortion resulting from quantization error into these higher frequ






25. The process of reducing the space required to store data by efficiently encoding the content.






26. 'Reconstructing' part of digital audio






27. Discrete incremental distinctions made between the value of one sample and the next; Breaks down bit depth into a series of evenly spaced intervals






28. Based on Full Scale (dB/FS); -6dB represents a loss of one bit so account for this when calculating






29. Measures the highest levels of a signal being recorded or mixed; Monitors for clipping - which occurs at 0dBFS); Does not always reflect perceived volume of signal






30. Level above which audible sounds are painful (125 - 130 db)






31. Psychoacoustic model of data reduction used for general audio compression that aims to transmit only features perceptible to the human ear; Useful for mastering streaming media






32. Root Mean Square; Refers to taking the square root of all instantaneous amplitudes; Takes the average of those squares; (-6 Peak Level is approximately equal to -20 RMS)






33. Process of building a complex tone by starting with the fundamental frequency and adding pure tone harmonics






34. Measure of the amplitude of a longitudinal wave






35. Multi-Bit Words; (Pulse Code Modulation)






36. Series of dots and dashes representing the letters of the alphabet; Most common letters are represented by the shortest dots and dashes; Example of entropy coding






37. The ability of a digital system to perform complex DSP without running into problems with overflow or loss of resolution






38. Specific set of instructions for carrying out a data reduction technique that determines how to 'save' binary data information efficiently






39. Inner ear component that attaches to the stapes and helps to decrease the amplitude of vibrations; Causes the masking phenomenon






40. Father of modern information theory; Solidified the Nyquist Theory by adding the concept that bits per second (binary representation of audio signals) must be at equal intervals to accurately represent data






41. Signal voltage is relayed to a register from sample- and - hold circuit; Holds reference frequencies in binary form that decrease in value; Finds approximated value & assigns binary number accordingly






42. 4.38 GB; SS/SL






43. A digital filter's time domain output sequence when the input is a single sample is input






44. Contains all even and odd harmonics associated with a fundamental tone - making it a rich source for modeling other sounds; Amplitude of each overtone decreases exponentially as a ratio of the harmonic's frequency to that of the fundamental






45. (AES/EBU); 110O - 2- channel balanced digital audio cable with an XLR connection; NOT a mic cable!!






46. Method of representing an acoustic quantity with a series of binary numbers; Can have only specific individually distinct values






47. Difference in brightness between land and pit on a CD Physical Format






48. Sony sigma- delta modulation based technology that bypasses the decimation and interpolation steps found in PCM converters






49. Smallest interval measurable by a scientific instrument; Defined by bit rate (sample rate x bit depth)






50. Measurement at regular intervals of the amplitude of a varying waveform (in order to convert it to digital form); There must be a minimum of 2 samples for each cycle in a waveform







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