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Test your basic knowledge |
Digital Audio
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Apple Lossless; Windows Media Lossless; DTS HD Master Audio; Dolby True HD; FLAC
Anti-Imaging Filter
Lossless Formats
Transfer Protocol
Convolution
2. Based on psychoacoustics - these are the basis of frequency analysis for a perceptual codec;
Redither
Joseph Fourier
Pulse Code Modulation
Subbands
3. As sample rate is increased more room is created for a smoother slope of the attenuation band because Nyquist limit extends well beyond range of hearing with each increase
Oscillation
Buffer Size
Decimation Filter
Sample Rate Effect on Anti-Aliasing
4. A situation where a calculated value cannot fit into the number of digits reserved for it
Significand
Decimation Filter
Oscillation
Overflow
5. Defines the number of sample per second taken from a continuous signal to make a discrete signal; Governs the frequency response of digital audio
Sample Rate
Gain Staging
Convolution
Sonogram
6. Data reduction technique that selectively removes original information in order to significantly reduce the file size; Some data is lost; Files can be reduced up to 99% in size (90% with no perceived sound quality loss); Bit rate effects the perceive
Digital Signal Processing
Dolby 5.1
Lossy
CobraNet
7. Based on Full Scale (dB/FS); -6dB represents a loss of one bit so account for this when calculating
Foldover
Codec
Compression
Effective Bit Depth
8. Have odd numbered harmonics
A/D Conversion Signal Flow
Square Wave
Sonogram
Entropy Coding
9. Smallest interval measurable by a scientific instrument; Defined by bit rate (sample rate x bit depth)
Sample- and-Hold
Resolution
Amplitude Accuracy
Entropy Coding
10. More accuracy in low amplitudes and less in higher amplitudes
DVD-10
Amplitude Accuracy
CPU Buffering
Frames
11. Method used in digital recording and reproduction in which a signal is sampled at various points and the resulting value is translated into binary numbers
Intensity
2 Dimensions of Sound
Pulse Code Modulation
Aliasing
12. Waveform of a pure tone showing simple harmonic motion
Fletcher- Munson Curve
Sine Wave
Foldover
Successive Approximation
13. Sum of all harmonics; Sum of sine and cosine waves which have frequencies f - 2f - 3f - 4f...
0 dB FS
Codec
Fourier Series
M-S Stereo
14. Level above which audible sounds are painful (125 - 130 db)
Threshold of Pain
Codec
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
AES3
15. Discrete incremental distinctions made between the value of one sample and the next; Breaks down bit depth into a series of evenly spaced intervals
Rarefaction
Dynamic Range
Decimal- to-Binary Conversion
Quantization Intervals
16. Process that begins with a fast FFT analysis of the spectra of two input signals - then the multiplication of like frequencies - and IFFT to finalize the process
X-Axis Terminology
Buffering
Spectrum Multiplication
AoE Formats
17. 8- in/8- out on one cable; 25- pin D- sub connector
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
Interleaved
European Broadcasting Union
Conversion Buffering
18. Removes high frequency images and noise and smoothes the stair case output coming from of the sample and hold circuit; Also called a SMOOTHING FILTER
Headroom Bits
Threshold of Hearing
European Broadcasting Union
Anti-Imaging Filter
19. Having a repeated succession of waves or curves as in a sound waveform
Sinusoidal
Sample- and-Hold
Additive Synthesis...
Bit Depth Effect on Dynamic Range
20. Multi-Bit Words; (Pulse Code Modulation)
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
PCM
Impulse Response
Edit Decision List
21. Difference in brightness between land and pit on a CD Physical Format
DVD-10
Direct Monitoring
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
Index of Reflectivity
22. Pertaining to hearing or sound; Combination of the intensity of air pressure molecules with amplitude
Oversampling
Acoustics
Word Clock
Sampling (Samples)
23. Eight channel digital surround sound system by Dolby
DVD-9
Oscillation
Equal Loudness Contour
Dolby 7.1
24. Measures the highest levels of a signal being recorded or mixed; Monitors for clipping - which occurs at 0dBFS); Does not always reflect perceived volume of signal
X-Axis Terminology
Average Bit Rate
EtherSound
Peak Level
25. Built into DAWs; Bits are added when signals are mixed together to avoid clipping
0 dB FS
Sonogram
Floating Point
Headroom Bits
26. A method of representing real numbers using a mantissa and an exponent
Digital Signal Processing
Recording Levels
Floating Point
Quantization
27. Stores only one copy of a stereo signal and assigns it to both channels in order to save 50% of original bandwidth
Class - D Amplifier
Inter-Channel Redundancy
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
DVD-18
28. (AES/EBU); 110O - 2- channel balanced digital audio cable with an XLR connection; NOT a mic cable!!
Cutoff Frequency
Audio Engineering Society
AES3
Resolution
29. Signal conversions are mixed with playback tracks resulting in near-zero latency
SCMS
Dolby 5.1
Requirements for CD Audio
Direct Monitoring
30. Used as the main disc from which other discs are made; Composed of ground glass with a very fine photoresistor layer; An imaging laser burns pit and land patterns in preparation for duplication
Glass Master
Index of Reflectivity
Threshold of Pain
Sample- and-Hold
31. A digital filter's time domain output sequence when the input is a single sample is input
Inter-Channel Redundancy
dB/FS
Impulse Response
Perceptual Coding
32. Also known as equal loudness curves; Graph that indicates the average ear sensitivity to different frequencies at different SPL levels (as volume increases - these curves flatten out)
Harry Nyquist
Sample- and-Hold
Lightpipe
Fletcher- Munson Curve
33. 1.) Bit Rate x Sample Rate (you'll get b/sec) 2.) Multiply by 60 if converting seconds to minutes 3.) Divide by 8 to convert bits to Bytes and get B/min 4.) Divide by 1 -024 to get KB/min and keep doing it until you get desired bit rate specification
Storage Conversion Steps
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
Recording Levels
RMS Meter
34. The more bits allocated during quantization - the more accurate the measurement
Motion Pictures Experts Group
Bit Depth Effect on Dynamic Range
Algorithm
Claude Shannon
35. Ratio of magnitude of the analytical signal to the magnitude of the background noise signal
Constant Bit Rate
Oversampling
Spectra
Signal- to- Noise Ratio
36. Ultra low- latency - 512- channel (on a gigabit network) - less flexible AoE format; Routed like audio cables...not network cables
Fourier Series
Fletcher- Munson Curve
EtherSound
Effective Bit Depth
37. Toshiba developed digital audio interface utilizes fiber optics as a transmission medium.
Coaxial
European Broadcasting Union
Pulse Code Modulation
TOSLINK
38. Fractional part of a floating- point number; Also called the mantissa; Defines precision
Foldover
Significand
RMS Meter
Quantization
39. Electromagnetic receptor that detects the radiation known as visible light
Physical Disc Format
Aliasing
Photoreceptor
SACD
40. Describes various optical disc characteristics including the size and shape of the disc - the size of pits - the speed at which the disc spins - and a multitude of aspects regarding the specifications of the player itself
Physical Disc Format
Jitter
Fourier Series
Aliasing
41. Sony and Philips optical disc format; Utilizes sigma delta DSD to offer higher resolution; 1- bit; 2.8224 MHz; 6-Channel
Zero-Latency Monitoring
SACD
Ethernet
Base 2 System
42. 12.33 GB; DS/ML
Motion Pictures Experts Group
Significand
Analog
DVD-14
43. Process of building a complex tone by starting with the fundamental frequency and adding pure tone harmonics
Significand
0 dB FS
Additive Synthesis...
CobraNet
44. Very selective method of lowering buffer levels by halting different levels of audio processing
Square Wave
Lossy
Low-Latency Monitoring
Sampling (Samples)
45. Most significant lossless coding technique in current use; Measure of disorder in which long strings of data are represented by short symbols and uses the shortest symbols to represent the most common repetitive audio data maximizing data reduction
Entropy Coding
Claude Shannon
Sampling Theorem
Sampling Rule
46. The amount of energy at each wavelength
Decimal- to-Binary Conversion
DVD-18
Y-Axis Terminology
Spectra
47. Reference voltage determined by summing the voltage values of a predetermined number of previous samples; Numbers of 1 in row = waveform peak; Numbers of 0 in row = waveform trough; Basis of Sony's Direct Stream Digital (DSD)
Average Bit Rate
Y-Axis Terminology
Inter-Channel Redundancy
Pulse Density Modulation
48. Channels are processed one at a time and the results are stored on multiple CPU buffers that alternately send data as DAW requests the data for playback; First few seconds are relayed to the buffer prior to processing and playback and it continuously
CPU Buffering
Pulse Code Modulation
Additive Synthesis...
Inter-Channel Redundancy
49. EDL; Final list of samples used in the audio editing process; Identified by time code
Noise Shaping
Dolby 7.1
Successive Approximation
Edit Decision List
50. Contains all even and odd harmonics associated with a fundamental tone - making it a rich source for modeling other sounds; Amplitude of each overtone decreases exponentially as a ratio of the harmonic's frequency to that of the fundamental
Frames
2 Dimensions of Sound
Sawtooth Wave
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)