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Test your basic knowledge |
Digital Audio
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Very selective method of lowering buffer levels by halting different levels of audio processing
Decimal- to-Binary Conversion
I/O Connection Buffering
Low-Latency Monitoring
Successive Approximation
2. Data reduction technique that does not effect quality of original audio; No effect on original quality; Typically around 50% reduction; Exact reconstruction of digital code for the audio signal
2 Dimensions of Sound
Lossless
Requirements for A/D Conversion
Pulse Width Modulation
3. Digital and analog processing capability is combined on a single microchip allowing for 1- bit resolution at high sample rates
Delta-Sigma Modulation
Audio over Ethernet (AoE)
Low-Latency Monitoring
Photoreceptor
4. Most significant lossless coding technique in current use; Measure of disorder in which long strings of data are represented by short symbols and uses the shortest symbols to represent the most common repetitive audio data maximizing data reduction
Aliasing
6 dB
Dolby 5.1
Entropy Coding
5. Data transmission protocol over which computer network traffic travels; Poorly suited to real- time transmission but numerous attempts have been made to harness the technology because of its flexible routing; Uses simple Cat5 cabling; Resists interfe
DVD-14
Aliasing
Coaxial
Audio over Ethernet (AoE)
6. 8- in/8- out on one cable; 25- pin D- sub connector
Dynamic Range
Square Wave
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
Pad Head & Tail
7. 'Capturing' part of digital audio; Never captures a signal perfectly
A/D Conversion
Attenuation
Quantization Intervals
Psychoacoustics
8. The frequency above or below which attenuation begins in a filter circuit
Cutoff Frequency
Pulse Code Modulation
Redither
Bit Depth
9. Sum of all harmonics; Sum of sine and cosine waves which have frequencies f - 2f - 3f - 4f...
Lossless
Cutoff Frequency
D/A Conversion Signal Flow
Fourier Series
10. (Time Based) Frequency: Aliasing; Anti-Aliasing Filter; Sample Rate; Nyquist Limit
MONO
Decimation Filter
X-Axis Terminology
Bit Depth
11. Measure of sound pressure over the frequency spectrum - for which a listener perceives a constant loudness when presented with pure steady tones
Multichannel Audio Digital Interface (MADI)
Oscillation
Equal Loudness Contour
Digital Signal Processing
12. Number of bits per second processed when sampling sound; (Sampling Rate x Bit Depth) = Resolution
Bit Rate
dB/SPL
Photoreceptor
AoE Formats
13. Full Scale; Type of metering that measures level in digital recording system; Recording and Mixing levels should NEVER exceed 0dB FS in digital audio or clipping will occur
dB/FS
Lossless
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
0 dB FS
14. Anytime bit depth is reduced the gap gets bigger so more dithering is required
TOSLINK
Redither
Normalizing
Anti-Imaging Filter
15. Series of dots and dashes representing the letters of the alphabet; Most common letters are represented by the shortest dots and dashes; Example of entropy coding
AES3
Morse Code
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
Motion Pictures Experts Group
16. Method used in digital recording and reproduction in which a signal is sampled at various points and the resulting value is translated into binary numbers
Latency
CPU Buffering
Successive Approximation
Pulse Code Modulation
17. Having a repeated succession of waves or curves as in a sound waveform
EtherSound
Noise Shaping
Sinusoidal
Nanometer
18. Single- pin RCA cable or fiber- optic TOSLINK connector used for digital transfer; 75O coaxial - 2- channel unbalanced; 'Consumer' format of AES3
Conversion Buffering
European Broadcasting Union
Attenuation
Sony-Philips Digital Interface Format (S/PDIF)
19. Inner ear component that attaches to the stapes and helps to decrease the amplitude of vibrations; Causes the masking phenomenon
Amplitude Accuracy
CPU Buffering
Stapedes Reflex
Psychoacoustics
20. Signal voltage is relayed to a register from sample- and - hold circuit; Holds reference frequencies in binary form that decrease in value; Finds approximated value & assigns binary number accordingly
Word Clock
Successive Approximation
Dynamic Range
Acoustics
21. The continuous loss of signal strengths as a signal travels through a medium
M-S Stereo
Footroom
Bit Depth Effect on Dynamic Range
Attenuation
22. Measures the highest levels of a signal being recorded or mixed; Monitors for clipping - which occurs at 0dBFS); Does not always reflect perceived volume of signal
Peak Level
Sonogram
AoE Formats
M-S Stereo
23. Represents the amplitude component of the digital sampling process; Technique of incrementing a continuous analog event into a discrete set of binary digits (bits)
Quantization
Aliasing
Footroom
Additive Synthesis...
24. Take up half as many bits (50%); Algorithm can keep same quality by lossing the stereo track
Recording Levels
Exponent
Noise Shaping
MONO
25. French mathematician that noted that any complex sound can be broken down into a series of component pure tones
Joseph Fourier
Motion Pictures Experts Group
Cutoff Frequency
Redither
26. Eight channel digital surround sound system by Dolby
Attenuation
Dolby 7.1
Playback Buffering
European Broadcasting Union
27. Uses entropy coding as the basis; Computer data compression algorithm that packages files such as .ZIP & .RAR
Data Packing
Digital Signal Processing
Dithering
A/D Conversion
28. Snippets of time in which frequency analysis takes place in a perceptual codec
Motion Pictures Experts Group
Dynamic Range
Frames
Footroom
29. Method of representing an acoustic quantity with a series of binary numbers; Can have only specific individually distinct values
Requirements for A/D Conversion
Digital
Bit Rate
Quantization Intervals
30. Amplitude meter that takes the square root of all instantaneous amplitudes and averages them to find a mean and squares that value; Useful with particularly complex waveforms
Cutoff Frequency
Amplitude Accuracy
RMS Meter
Spectrum Multiplication
31. Serial Copy Management System; main difference between AES3 & S/PIDF
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
Zero-Latency Monitoring
SCMS
Ethernet
32. Leaving space at beginning and ending of song for data crunching during mastering; Last step in mastering process
Average Bit Rate
Codec
Pad Head & Tail
X-Axis Terminology
33. Discrete incremental distinctions made between the value of one sample and the next; Breaks down bit depth into a series of evenly spaced intervals
Quantization Intervals
MONO
Coaxial
Recording Levels
34. The more bits allocated during quantization - the more accurate the measurement
Requirements for CD Audio
Entropy Coding
Bit Depth Effect on Dynamic Range
Frames
35. Sony sigma- delta modulation based technology that bypasses the decimation and interpolation steps found in PCM converters
Fidelity
Quantization Error
Direct Stream Digital
Base 2 System
36. Removes high frequency images and noise and smoothes the stair case output coming from of the sample and hold circuit; Also called a SMOOTHING FILTER
Exponent
Playback Buffering
Harmonic Content
Anti-Imaging Filter
37. VBR; Most common & best data reduction technique; Codecs that encode data by determining how dense or sparse areas of the audio are; Can result in buffering issues
Claude Shannon
Ethernet
Zero-Latency Monitoring
Variable Bit Rate
38. CobraNet; EtherSound; Dante; AVB (currently under development)
Dithering
Logical Format
Variable Bit Rate
AoE Formats
39. Measure of the amplitude of a longitudinal wave
Coaxial
RMS
PCM
Intensity
40. Have odd numbered harmonics
DVD-14
Square Wave
CPU Buffering
Audio Engineering Society
41. 12.33 GB; DS/ML
DVD-14
Blu-Ray
X-Axis Terminology
Amplitude Accuracy
42. 8.75 GB; DS/SL
Base 2 System
Buffering
Amplitude Accuracy
DVD-10
43. Same as 'aliasing'
dB/FS
Foldover
Anti-Imaging Filter
Blu-Ray
44. Also known as equal loudness curves; Graph that indicates the average ear sensitivity to different frequencies at different SPL levels (as volume increases - these curves flatten out)
Additive Synthesis...
Fletcher- Munson Curve
Footroom
Pad Head & Tail
45. Each bit in the bit depth is equal to a _____ increase in dynamic range
6 dB
Quantization Error
Overflow
RMS Meter
46. (Amplitude Based) Amplitude: Voltage; Quantization; Bit Depth; Quantization Intervals; Quantization Noise; [Signal:Quantization Noise Ratio]; Dither; Dynamic Range
Y-Axis Terminology
Harry Nyquist
Lossless Formats
Amplitude Accuracy
47. In order to play multiple channels at one time data is buffered as read to disk; Latency happens between play command & beginning of playback
Playback Buffering
Digital
Redither
Direct Monitoring
48. Measuring equipment in A/D conversion that processes voltage and provides a value for that voltage
Nanometer
CPU Buffering
Quantizer
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
49. Built into DAWs; Bits are added when signals are mixed together to avoid clipping
Headroom Bits
Sample Rate
Nyquist Frequency
Sine Wave
50. A frequency specified for a filter (digital or electronic) the marks the point at which the frequency content of a signal is altered +/- 3dB
Digital
Cutoff Frequency
Word Clock
Pulse Code Modulation