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Test your basic knowledge |
Digital Audio
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Describes various optical disc characteristics including the size and shape of the disc - the size of pits - the speed at which the disc spins - and a multitude of aspects regarding the specifications of the player itself
Physical Disc Format
A/D Conversion
D/A Conversion
Direct Stream Digital
2. Ratio of magnitude of the analytical signal to the magnitude of the background noise signal
Claude Shannon
DVD-18
Signal- to- Noise Ratio
Y-Axis Terminology
3. HD Audio format; Lossless Compression; 24- bit/96 kHz; 5.1 Surround or 24- bit / 192 kHz stereo sound
DVD-Audio
Anti-Imaging Filter
Constant Bit Rate
Pulse Density Modulation
4. Digital Word -> Series of Resistors (each with assigned charges) -> Sample- and-Hold Circuit -> Anti-Imaging Filter (Smoothing Filter) -> Reconstructed Sample
Zero-Latency Monitoring
6 dB
Joseph Fourier
D/A Conversion Signal Flow
5. When recording you want the smallest buffer available; When mixing you want the largest buffer available
Sonogram
Significand
Dolby 7.1
Buffer Size
6. Governs the frequency response of a digital system; The highest- frequency component that can be captured with a sampling rate; always 1/2 of sampling rate; Also called the limiting frequency
Nyquist Frequency
Sampling Theorem
Pad Head & Tail
Audio over Ethernet (AoE)
7. Computer program or device capable of encoding and/or decoding a digital data stream with the end result being a reduced file size
Recording Levels
Direct Monitoring
Storage Conversion Steps
Codec
8. Circuit that interprets the meaning of the symbols as they were chosen and arranged by the encode
Decoder
Threshold of Pain
Nyquist Frequency
Base 2 System
9. (Amplitude Based) Amplitude: Voltage; Quantization; Bit Depth; Quantization Intervals; Quantization Noise; [Signal:Quantization Noise Ratio]; Dither; Dynamic Range
Spectrum Multiplication
Y-Axis Terminology
D/A Conversion Signal Flow
Quantization Error
10. As sample rate is increased more room is created for a smoother slope of the attenuation band because Nyquist limit extends well beyond range of hearing with each increase
Frequency
Sample Rate Effect on Anti-Aliasing
Micron
DVD-14
11. More aggressive lossy data reduction techniques that require further manipulation of the stereo field; Examples are 'Intensity' & 'M-S'
Joint Stereo
Cutoff Frequency
Dolby 7.1
Zero-Latency Monitoring
12. Stores only one copy of a stereo signal and assigns it to both channels in order to save 50% of original bandwidth
Inter-Channel Redundancy
Footroom
Anti-Imaging Filter
CobraNet
13. Pertaining to hearing or sound; Combination of the intensity of air pressure molecules with amplitude
Acoustics
Exponent
Optical Cable
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
14. Algorithm uses matrix of a mid/side microphone pair to determine a side signal & that signal is reduced then distributed as code in stereo
Blu-Ray
DVD-18
Impulse Response
M-S Stereo
15. The art of deciding where to place a processor in signal flow based on how that processor will be influenced by the other processors in the path
Coaxial
Gain Staging
Footroom
SACD
16. RAM holds in memory audio data before it is transferred to the memory controller; Certain amount of data is processed before large amounts of data are streamed to prevent latency
Buffering
Psychoacoustics
Sampling (Samples)
Requirements for CD Audio
17. Most significant lossless coding technique in current use; Measure of disorder in which long strings of data are represented by short symbols and uses the shortest symbols to represent the most common repetitive audio data maximizing data reduction
Decoder
Compression
DVD-Audio
Entropy Coding
18. Joint-Stereo Technique; Since the human brain is unable to localize sounds at high frequencies well sounds above 9 kHz threshold are encoded in mono
Quantizer
Interleaved
Voltage
Intensity Stereo
19. EBU
Multichannel Audio Digital Interface (MADI)
European Broadcasting Union
DVD-18
Pass Band
20. Circuit that seizes voltage values with each tick of an A/D device's internal clock
Equal Loudness Contour
I/O Connection Buffering
Sample- and-Hold
Storage Conversion Steps
21. CobraNet; EtherSound; Dante; AVB (currently under development)
Compression
AoE Formats
Gain Staging
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
22. Digital (binary) measurements of how long each pulse is either on or off; Width of increasing voltage or decreasing voltage is assigned a 1 or 0 respectively
Pass Band
Pulse Width Modulation
Pulse Density Modulation
Signal- to- Noise Ratio
23. The amount of energy at each wavelength
Spectra
Codec
Motion Pictures Experts Group
Interpolation Filter
24. Process that begins with a fast FFT analysis of the spectra of two input signals - then the multiplication of like frequencies - and IFFT to finalize the process
Spectrum Multiplication
Index of Reflectivity
Word Clock
Lossless Formats
25. Signal conversions are mixed with playback tracks resulting in near-zero latency
Harmonic Content
Direct Monitoring
Digital
Interpolation Filter
26. A time regulator that makes all samples and bits to align when working with interconnected digital devices; Basically a signal that all of the digital devices refer to when operating.
Word Clock
Sinusoidal
EtherSound
Sample Rate Effect on Anti-Aliasing
27. Visual graph that shows how loud a sound is at different frequencies
Latency
Buffer Size
Sonogram
Photoreceptor
28. Overtones that contribute to the timbre of a sound and make up a complex waveform's physical characteristics
Lossless
Anti-Aliasing Filter
Variable Bit Rate
Harmonic Content
29. AAC (Advanced Audio Coding); MP3; RA; WMA; OGG Vorbis; Dolby Digital/AC-3; DTS; ADPCM
Physical Disc Format
DVD-Audio
Acoustics
Lossy Formats
30. High Pressure - Part of a longitudinal wave where the particles of the medium are close together
Glass Master
Blu-Ray
Direct Monitoring
Compression
31. Lossless Format; Can hold up to 25GB on a single- layer disc and 50GB on a dual- layer disc
Additive Synthesis...
Sample Rate Effect on Anti-Aliasing
Blu-Ray
Y-Axis Terminology
32. The mathematics - algorithms - and the techniques used to manipulate signals after they have been converted to digital form
Redither
Digital Signal Processing
Compression
Pulse Code Modulation
33. 4.38 GB; SS/SL
Claude Shannon
DVD-5
Gain Staging
Sawtooth Wave
34. Measure of the amplitude of a longitudinal wave
DVD-18
Intensity
Noise Shaping
Harry Nyquist
35. Branch of psychology concerned with the subjective perception of sound
Psychoacoustics
Attenuation
Oversampling
Logical Format
36. Psychoacoustic model of data reduction used for general audio compression that aims to transmit only features perceptible to the human ear; Useful for mastering streaming media
Exponent
Perceptual Coding
Claude Shannon
Interpolation Filter
37. Increases or decreases the digital signal so that the loudest sample is brought up to 0dBfs; Uses all bits from dynamic range and makes it even from track to track
0 dB FS
Oversampling
Normalizing
Amplitude Accuracy
38. Method of sampling data at a higher resolution (higher sample rate) as a means of reducing harmonic content during D/A conversion; (x2) oversampling gets rid of all odd harmonic content
Noise Shaping
Oversampling
Aliasing
Cutoff Frequency
39. A digital filter's time domain output sequence when the input is a single sample is input
Multichannel Audio Digital Interface (MADI)
Impulse Response
Variable Bit Rate
dBFS
40. Removes high frequency images and noise and smoothes the stair case output coming from of the sample and hold circuit; Also called a SMOOTHING FILTER
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
RMS Meter
Buffering
Anti-Imaging Filter
41. Allows for an internal sample rate at multiples of the input and output rates; Alleviates the need for steep 'brickwall' filters; Often combined with internal '1- bit' processing; Increases smoothing effect
Oversampling
Exponent
Word Clock
Requirements for A/D Conversion
42. French mathematician that noted that any complex sound can be broken down into a series of component pure tones
RMS Meter
Transfer Protocol
6 dB
Joseph Fourier
43. Signal voltage is relayed to a register from sample- and - hold circuit; Holds reference frequencies in binary form that decrease in value; Finds approximated value & assigns binary number accordingly
Pad Head & Tail
Successive Approximation
Peak Level
Pulse Width Modulation
44. CBR; Codecs encodes data at a constant rate regardless of density of the audio file
Direct Stream Digital
Constant Bit Rate
Dolby 7.1
Nyquist Frequency
45. Unit of measurement that is equal to one billionth of a meter
dB/SPL
Nanometer
Lightpipe
Coaxial
46. The act of a frequency swinging back and forth with a steady - uninterrupted rhythm
Low-Latency Monitoring
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
Oscillation
Lossy
47. Cable used to transmit data; Inner cable is surrounded by a plastic insulator - which is surrounded by a wire mesh conductor that insulates the internal signal wire from external interference and an outer casing that functions as a ground
Coaxial
Foldover
dBFS
Intensity Stereo
48. Full Scale; Type of metering that measures level in digital recording system; Recording and Mixing levels should NEVER exceed 0dB FS in digital audio or clipping will occur
Multichannel Audio Digital Interface (MADI)
dB/SPL
dB/FS
DVD-5
49. Anytime bit depth is reduced the gap gets bigger so more dithering is required
Floating Point
Dolby 7.1
Redither
Audio Engineering Society
50. DAW's and software must buffer when converting or bouncing and this latency can add up if not monitored
Conversion Buffering
Sonogram
Transfer Protocol
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)