Test your basic knowledge |

Digital Audio

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Anytime bit depth is reduced the gap gets bigger so more dithering is required






2. Lossless Format; Can hold up to 25GB on a single- layer disc and 50GB on a dual- layer disc






3. Process that begins with a fast FFT analysis of the spectra of two input signals - then the multiplication of like frequencies - and IFFT to finalize the process






4. High Pressure - Part of a longitudinal wave where the particles of the medium are close together






5. ABR; Codecs that encode data by determining how dense or sparse areas of the audio are while also keeping bit rate within specified limits to avoid rebuffering






6. CobraNet; EtherSound; Dante; AVB (currently under development)






7. Increases D/A sample rate from nominal rate to oversampling rate by turning series multi- bit PCM samples into 1- bit samples; (ex. => 44.1kHz sample rate converted to 2.8MHz and simultaneously converts multi- bit samples to 1- bit); Low Pass Filter






8. Found that aliasing was always a problem no matter how fast you sample; Less data recorded but more accurate; 2 samples per wave length.






9. MPEG; Standardizing body of audio coding






10. As sample rate is increased more room is created for a smoother slope of the attenuation band because Nyquist limit extends well beyond range of hearing with each increase






11. Apple Lossless; Windows Media Lossless; DTS HD Master Audio; Dolby True HD; FLAC






12. 1.) Taking a series of evenly- spaced measurements 2.) Signal contains no frequency components higher than half the sample rate






13. 1.) Bit Rate x Sample Rate (you'll get b/sec) 2.) Multiply by 60 if converting seconds to minutes 3.) Divide by 8 to convert bits to Bytes and get B/min 4.) Divide by 1 -024 to get KB/min and keep doing it until you get desired bit rate specification






14. Computer program or device capable of encoding and/or decoding a digital data stream with the end result being a reduced file size






15. DAW's and software must buffer when converting or bouncing and this latency can add up if not monitored






16. Mixing data and control characters in a single operation






17. Digital Word -> Series of Resistors (each with assigned charges) -> Sample- and-Hold Circuit -> Anti-Imaging Filter (Smoothing Filter) -> Reconstructed Sample






18. Full Scale; Type of metering that measures level in digital recording system; Recording and Mixing levels should NEVER exceed 0dB FS in digital audio or clipping will occur






19. Sample Rate x Bit Depth x # of Channels






20. Most significant lossless coding technique in current use; Measure of disorder in which long strings of data are represented by short symbols and uses the shortest symbols to represent the most common repetitive audio data maximizing data reduction






21. Increases or decreases the digital signal so that the loudest sample is brought up to 0dBfs; Uses all bits from dynamic range and makes it even from track to track






22. Method used in digital recording and reproduction in which a signal is sampled at various points and the resulting value is translated into binary numbers






23. Smallest interval measurable by a scientific instrument; Defined by bit rate (sample rate x bit depth)






24. Digital and analog processing capability is combined on a single microchip allowing for 1- bit resolution at high sample rates






25. (AES/EBU); 110O - 2- channel balanced digital audio cable with an XLR connection; NOT a mic cable!!






26. Perceptual coding technique that uses louder sounds of a similar frequency to decide what information is to be saved during data reduction






27. Branch of psychology concerned with the subjective perception of sound






28. The more bits allocated during quantization - the more accurate the measurement






29. Algorithm uses matrix of a mid/side microphone pair to determine a side signal & that signal is reduced then distributed as code in stereo






30. Decibels Full Scale






31. Number or variable that represents the number of times the base of a power is used as a factor; Defines magnitude






32. 15.9 GB; DS/DL






33. Root Mean Square; Refers to taking the square root of all instantaneous amplitudes; Takes the average of those squares; (-6 Peak Level is approximately equal to -20 RMS)






34. Only 2 digits used; The value of each place (ones - hundreds - etc.) are as follows from greatest to least: 128 - 64 - 32 - 16 - 8 - 4 - 2 - 1






35. Unit of measurement that is equal to one millionth of a meter






36. A drive that can read and write on optical media that hold up to 50 GB on two layers; 24- bit/96 kHz for 8-Channel; 24- bit/192 kHz for 6-Channel






37. Sony sigma- delta modulation based technology that bypasses the decimation and interpolation steps found in PCM converters






38. Process of building a complex tone by starting with the fundamental frequency and adding pure tone harmonics






39. Contains all even and odd harmonics associated with a fundamental tone - making it a rich source for modeling other sounds; Amplitude of each overtone decreases exponentially as a ratio of the harmonic's frequency to that of the fundamental






40. Measuring equipment in A/D conversion that processes voltage and provides a value for that voltage






41. Circuit that seizes voltage values with each tick of an A/D device's internal clock






42. Ultra low- latency - 512- channel (on a gigabit network) - less flexible AoE format; Routed like audio cables...not network cables






43. French mathematician that noted that any complex sound can be broken down into a series of component pure tones






44. Snippets of time in which frequency analysis takes place in a perceptual codec






45. Fractional part of a floating- point number; Also called the mantissa; Defines precision






46. EBU






47. Very quiet digital amplifier that produces a series of output pulses with the audio signal coded the same as the width of the output pulses; Pulses are used to represent wave forms and are either on or off; Intense signals have long pulses with short






48. Number of bits per second processed when sampling sound; (Sampling Rate x Bit Depth) = Resolution






49. Eight channel digital surround sound system by Dolby






50. A network communications protocol that specifies how machines will exchange data; Uses a broadcast system in which one machine transmits its message on the communication medium and the other machines listen for messages directed to them