Test your basic knowledge |

Digital Audio

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Allows for an internal sample rate at multiples of the input and output rates; Alleviates the need for steep 'brickwall' filters; Often combined with internal '1- bit' processing; Increases smoothing effect






2. Very quiet digital amplifier that produces a series of output pulses with the audio signal coded the same as the width of the output pulses; Pulses are used to represent wave forms and are either on or off; Intense signals have long pulses with short






3. Circuit that seizes voltage values with each tick of an A/D device's internal clock






4. Full Scale; Type of metering that measures level in digital recording system; Recording and Mixing levels should NEVER exceed 0dB FS in digital audio or clipping will occur






5. Signal voltage is relayed to a register from sample- and - hold circuit; Holds reference frequencies in binary form that decrease in value; Finds approximated value & assigns binary number accordingly






6. Allowance of noise floor below that which is required for the final product






7. Decibels Full Scale






8. Digital Word -> Series of Resistors (each with assigned charges) -> Sample- and-Hold Circuit -> Anti-Imaging Filter (Smoothing Filter) -> Reconstructed Sample






9. Joint-Stereo Technique; Since the human brain is unable to localize sounds at high frequencies well sounds above 9 kHz threshold are encoded in mono






10. Anytime bit depth is reduced the gap gets bigger so more dithering is required






11. Reduces the percieved distortion due to quantization error; Low level white noise source is introduced to make the profile of the quantization 'noise' more irregular; Useful when reducing the number of bits per word in a signal (i.e. when converting






12. Based on Full Scale (dB/FS); -6dB represents a loss of one bit so account for this when calculating






13. Ultra low- latency - 512- channel (on a gigabit network) - less flexible AoE format; Routed like audio cables...not network cables






14. Data transmission protocol over which computer network traffic travels; Poorly suited to real- time transmission but numerous attempts have been made to harness the technology because of its flexible routing; Uses simple Cat5 cabling; Resists interfe






15. Series of dots and dashes representing the letters of the alphabet; Most common letters are represented by the shortest dots and dashes; Example of entropy coding






16. Measurement at regular intervals of the amplitude of a varying waveform (in order to convert it to digital form); There must be a minimum of 2 samples for each cycle in a waveform






17. Snippets of time in which frequency analysis takes place in a perceptual codec






18. 12.33 GB; DS/ML






19. Rate at which energy is drawn from a source that produces a flow of electricity in a circuit; Expressed in volts






20. Psychoacoustic model of data reduction used for general audio compression that aims to transmit only features perceptible to the human ear; Useful for mastering streaming media






21. Stores only one copy of a stereo signal and assigns it to both channels in order to save 50% of original bandwidth






22. The more bits allocated during quantization - the more accurate the measurement






23. Toshiba developed digital audio interface utilizes fiber optics as a transmission medium.






24. Found that aliasing was always a problem no matter how fast you sample; Less data recorded but more accurate; 2 samples per wave length.






25. Number or variable that represents the number of times the base of a power is used as a factor; Defines magnitude






26. Playback; I/O Connections; CPU (Streaming); Conversion from DAW or Software






27. 1.) Bit Rate x Sample Rate (you'll get b/sec) 2.) Multiply by 60 if converting seconds to minutes 3.) Divide by 8 to convert bits to Bytes and get B/min 4.) Divide by 1 -024 to get KB/min and keep doing it until you get desired bit rate specification






28. Used when the reference pressure of a sound is 20 microPa (0.00002); Sound Pressure Level; Measure of amplitude






29. Very selective method of lowering buffer levels by halting different levels of audio processing






30. Industry Standards: -6 dB Peak = -20 RMS Meter






31. Describes various optical disc characteristics including the size and shape of the disc - the size of pits - the speed at which the disc spins - and a multitude of aspects regarding the specifications of the player itself






32. A method of representing real numbers using a mantissa and an exponent






33. Represents the amplitude component of the digital sampling process; Technique of incrementing a continuous analog event into a discrete set of binary digits (bits)






34. As sample rate is increased more room is created for a smoother slope of the attenuation band because Nyquist limit extends well beyond range of hearing with each increase






35. Take up half as many bits (50%); Algorithm can keep same quality by lossing the stereo track






36. Sum of all harmonics; Sum of sine and cosine waves which have frequencies f - 2f - 3f - 4f...






37. Deviation from a normal - steady pulse or tick of a clock that contributes to misrepresentation of a signal; Result of small timing irregularities that become magnified during the transmission of digital signals as the signals are passed from one dev






38. Perceptual coding technique that uses louder sounds of a similar frequency to decide what information is to be saved during data reduction






39. The ability of a digital system to perform complex DSP without running into problems with overflow or loss of resolution






40. Used as the main disc from which other discs are made; Composed of ground glass with a very fine photoresistor layer; An imaging laser burns pit and land patterns in preparation for duplication






41. Defines the number of sample per second taken from a continuous signal to make a discrete signal; Governs the frequency response of digital audio






42. The act of a frequency swinging back and forth with a steady - uninterrupted rhythm






43. Visual graph that shows how loud a sound is at different frequencies






44. Waveform of a pure tone showing simple harmonic motion






45. Fractional part of a floating- point number; Also called the mantissa; Defines precision






46. More aggressive lossy data reduction techniques that require further manipulation of the stereo field; Examples are 'Intensity' & 'M-S'






47. The elapsed time it takes for a packet of data to arrive at its destination; Lagging or pause of an audio signal as digital processing occurs; Can be managed utilizing several forms of 'audio monitoring'






48. Signal that uses variable voltage to create continuous waves resulting in an inexact transmission






49. EBU






50. A drive that can read and write on optical media that hold up to 50 GB on two layers; 24- bit/96 kHz for 8-Channel; 24- bit/192 kHz for 6-Channel