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Test your basic knowledge |
Digital Audio
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Inner ear component that attaches to the stapes and helps to decrease the amplitude of vibrations; Causes the masking phenomenon
Stapedes Reflex
Recording Levels
Sinusoidal
Pulse Code Modulation
2. If a signal is sampled at a rate higher than twice the highest significant signal frequency and at evenly spaced intervals - then the samples contain all the information of the original signal
Harmonic Content
Edit Decision List
Sampling Theorem
Frequency
3. Perceptual coding technique that uses louder sounds of a similar frequency to decide what information is to be saved during data reduction
A/D Conversion
Masking Analysis...
Intensity Stereo
Variable Bit Rate
4. Allows for an internal sample rate at multiples of the input and output rates; Alleviates the need for steep 'brickwall' filters; Often combined with internal '1- bit' processing; Increases smoothing effect
Oversampling
6 dB
Harry Nyquist
DVD-14
5. Very selective method of lowering buffer levels by halting different levels of audio processing
Anti-Aliasing Filter
Square Wave
Low-Latency Monitoring
Speed of Sound
6. Psychoacoustic model of data reduction used for general audio compression that aims to transmit only features perceptible to the human ear; Useful for mastering streaming media
Perceptual Coding
Quantization
Overflow
Noise Shaping
7. Level above which audible sounds are painful (125 - 130 db)
Requirements for CD Audio
Threshold of Pain
Noise Shaping
Joint Stereo
8. The act of a frequency swinging back and forth with a steady - uninterrupted rhythm
Oscillation
Logical Format
Analog
Sample Rate
9. Toshiba developed digital audio interface utilizes fiber optics as a transmission medium.
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
Stapedes Reflex
Class - D Amplifier
TOSLINK
10. Cable used to transmit data; Inner cable is surrounded by a plastic insulator - which is surrounded by a wire mesh conductor that insulates the internal signal wire from external interference and an outer casing that functions as a ground
Headroom Bits
Pulse Code Modulation
Coaxial
CPU Buffering
11. Difference in brightness between land and pit on a CD Physical Format
Intensity Stereo
Intensity
Impulse Response
Index of Reflectivity
12. The frequency above or below which attenuation begins in a filter circuit
Aliasing
Nyquist Frequency
Cutoff Frequency
Psychoacoustics
13. MPEG; Standardizing body of audio coding
Amplitude Accuracy
Lossless Formats
Motion Pictures Experts Group
Spectra
14. French mathematician that noted that any complex sound can be broken down into a series of component pure tones
Dolby 7.1
Joseph Fourier
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
CPU Buffering
15. Ultra low- latency - 512- channel (on a gigabit network) - less flexible AoE format; Routed like audio cables...not network cables
EtherSound
Sonogram
Buffering
D/A Conversion Signal Flow
16. The loudest point of a Full Scale system
Entropy Coding
0 dB FS
Sample Rate Effect on Anti-Aliasing
Coaxial
17. Circuit that seizes voltage values with each tick of an A/D device's internal clock
Sample- and-Hold
Dolby 5.1
Pulse Width Modulation
Threshold of Pain
18. Data is transmitted over fiber optic lines; Uses a TOSLINK connecter instead of an RCA type; Can transmit multi- channel audio; Not susceptible to ground hum and loops; Able to support far higher rates of data transfer over greater distances than coa
Pass Band
Anti-Aliasing Filter
Optical Cable
Sampling (Samples)
19. Reduces the percieved distortion due to quantization error; Low level white noise source is introduced to make the profile of the quantization 'noise' more irregular; Useful when reducing the number of bits per word in a signal (i.e. when converting
Anti-Imaging Filter
SCMS
Dithering
Data Packing
20. High Pressure - Part of a longitudinal wave where the particles of the medium are close together
Compression
Oversampling
Psychoacoustics
Blu-Ray
21. In order to play multiple channels at one time data is buffered as read to disk; Latency happens between play command & beginning of playback
Audio over Ethernet (AoE)
Ethernet
Threshold of Hearing
Playback Buffering
22. Samples are duplicated and the playback sampling rate correspondingly increased; Significantly raises the Nyquist limit to a range well beyond human hearing; Processing 'pushes' the distortion resulting from quantization error into these higher frequ
Red Book
Sampling Theorem
Noise Shaping
Average Bit Rate
23. Take up half as many bits (50%); Algorithm can keep same quality by lossing the stereo track
MONO
Morse Code
0 dB FS
AoE Formats
24. (Time Based) Frequency: Aliasing; Anti-Aliasing Filter; Sample Rate; Nyquist Limit
X-Axis Terminology
Class - D Amplifier
Pass Band
SACD
25. 'Capturing' part of digital audio; Never captures a signal perfectly
Ethernet
Bit Depth
A/D Conversion
dB/SPL
26. ADAT Optcal; 8- in/8- out on two cables; Fiber- optic - TOSLINK connector
Lightpipe
Spectrum Multiplication
Oscillation
Sample Rate Effect on Anti-Aliasing
27. (Amplitude Based) Amplitude: Voltage; Quantization; Bit Depth; Quantization Intervals; Quantization Noise; [Signal:Quantization Noise Ratio]; Dither; Dynamic Range
Ethernet
Direct Monitoring
Y-Axis Terminology
Nyquist Frequency
28. Computer program or device capable of encoding and/or decoding a digital data stream with the end result being a reduced file size
Joint Stereo
Codec
Ethernet
Sampling Rule
29. Only 2 digits used; The value of each place (ones - hundreds - etc.) are as follows from greatest to least: 128 - 64 - 32 - 16 - 8 - 4 - 2 - 1
SACD
Frequency
Base 2 System
Resolution
30. Stores only one copy of a stereo signal and assigns it to both channels in order to save 50% of original bandwidth
Analog
Bit Rate
Inter-Channel Redundancy
Successive Approximation
31. Smallest interval measurable by a scientific instrument; Defined by bit rate (sample rate x bit depth)
Resolution
Internal Resolution
Requirements for A/D Conversion
DVD-5
32. Number or variable that represents the number of times the base of a power is used as a factor; Defines magnitude
Buffering Locations
Square Wave
Pulse Density Modulation
Exponent
33. Eliminates frequencies above the Nyquist limit from becoming samples; Occurs prior to quantization
Sonogram
Anti-Aliasing Filter
Word Clock
Oscillation
34. A method of representing real numbers using a mantissa and an exponent
Intensity Stereo
Floating Point
Bit Depth Effect on Dynamic Range
Effective Bit Depth
35. 'Reconstructing' part of digital audio
DVD-5
Conversion Buffering
dB/FS
D/A Conversion
36. Specific set of instructions for carrying out a data reduction technique that determines how to 'save' binary data information efficiently
Algorithm
RMS Meter
DVD-14
Cutoff Frequency
37. Governs the frequency response of a digital system; The highest- frequency component that can be captured with a sampling rate; always 1/2 of sampling rate; Also called the limiting frequency
Bit Depth
Recording Levels
Nyquist Frequency
Word Clock
38. Describes acceptable data - performances both offered and essential for a disc player - and the complete user experience
DVD-14
Logical Format
Class - D Amplifier
Harmonic Content
39. Unit of measurement that is equal to one billionth of a meter
Nanometer
I/O Connection Buffering
Aliasing
Photoreceptor
40. Lossless Format; Can hold up to 25GB on a single- layer disc and 50GB on a dual- layer disc
Blu-Ray
Oversampling
Sinusoidal
Dolby 7.1
41. Softest sound that can be heard by the average human ear (0 dB)
Sinusoidal
Threshold of Hearing
Sampling Theorem
Sine Wave
42. Sum of all harmonics; Sum of sine and cosine waves which have frequencies f - 2f - 3f - 4f...
dB/FS
DVD-14
Interpolation Filter
Fourier Series
43. The frequency range that is allowed through a filter
Pass Band
Nyquist Frequency
Intensity
Nanometer
44. Channels are processed one at a time and the results are stored on multiple CPU buffers that alternately send data as DAW requests the data for playback; First few seconds are relayed to the buffer prior to processing and playback and it continuously
Direct Monitoring
Interpolation Filter
CPU Buffering
Low-Latency Monitoring
45. Overtones that contribute to the timbre of a sound and make up a complex waveform's physical characteristics
Y-Axis Terminology
Harmonic Content
Requirements for CD Audio
EtherSound
46. Process of building a complex tone by starting with the fundamental frequency and adding pure tone harmonics
Overflow
Effective Bit Depth
Pulse Width Modulation
Additive Synthesis...
47. CBR; Codecs encodes data at a constant rate regardless of density of the audio file
CobraNet
Playback Buffering
dB/FS
Constant Bit Rate
48. Fractional part of a floating- point number; Also called the mantissa; Defines precision
Sample- and-Hold
Nanometer
Significand
X-Axis Terminology
49. Improper (false) sampling of high frequencies that cause much lower frequencies to be produced when the audio is reconstructed; Foldover happens at higher frequencies as harmonics reach levels that exceed the Nyquist limit.
Successive Approximation
Aliasing
Harry Nyquist
Physical Disc Format
50. Pertaining to hearing or sound; Combination of the intensity of air pressure molecules with amplitude
Multichannel Audio Digital Interface (MADI)
Acoustics
D/A Conversion
Fletcher- Munson Curve