Test your basic knowledge |

Digital Audio

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Leaving space at beginning and ending of song for data crunching during mastering; Last step in mastering process






2. Digital Word -> Series of Resistors (each with assigned charges) -> Sample- and-Hold Circuit -> Anti-Imaging Filter (Smoothing Filter) -> Reconstructed Sample






3. Reference voltage determined by summing the voltage values of a predetermined number of previous samples; Numbers of 1 in row = waveform peak; Numbers of 0 in row = waveform trough; Basis of Sony's Direct Stream Digital (DSD)






4. Computer program or device capable of encoding and/or decoding a digital data stream with the end result being a reduced file size






5. Voltage -> Dither -> Anti-Aliasing (Low Pass Filter) -> Sample & Hold Circuit -> Successive Approximation/Quantizer --) 100111010 (PCM Audio File)






6. Contains all even and odd harmonics associated with a fundamental tone - making it a rich source for modeling other sounds; Amplitude of each overtone decreases exponentially as a ratio of the harmonic's frequency to that of the fundamental






7. Splits the input signal and mixes it with an analog copy so that no latency is present






8. Measure of the amplitude of a longitudinal wave






9. The loudest point of a Full Scale system






10. AAC (Advanced Audio Coding); MP3; RA; WMA; OGG Vorbis; Dolby Digital/AC-3; DTS; ADPCM






11. 12.33 GB; DS/ML






12. Defines the number of sample per second taken from a continuous signal to make a discrete signal; Governs the frequency response of digital audio






13. Used as the main disc from which other discs are made; Composed of ground glass with a very fine photoresistor layer; An imaging laser burns pit and land patterns in preparation for duplication






14. Increases or decreases the digital signal so that the loudest sample is brought up to 0dBfs; Uses all bits from dynamic range and makes it even from track to track






15. Signal conversions are mixed with playback tracks resulting in near-zero latency






16. The amount of energy at each wavelength






17. 7.95 GB; SS/DL






18. Subtract place values from the decimal number and place ones or zeros in the correct places






19. 'Reconstructing' part of digital audio






20. When recording you want the smallest buffer available; When mixing you want the largest buffer available






21. Based on Full Scale (dB/FS); -6dB represents a loss of one bit so account for this when calculating






22. Deviation from a normal - steady pulse or tick of a clock that contributes to misrepresentation of a signal; Result of small timing irregularities that become magnified during the transmission of digital signals as the signals are passed from one dev






23. Data reduction technique that does not effect quality of original audio; No effect on original quality; Typically around 50% reduction; Exact reconstruction of digital code for the audio signal






24. Electromagnetic receptor that detects the radiation known as visible light






25. Eliminates frequencies above the Nyquist limit from becoming samples; Occurs prior to quantization






26. CobraNet; EtherSound; Dante; AVB (currently under development)






27. Decibels Full Scale






28. (Amplitude Based) Amplitude: Voltage; Quantization; Bit Depth; Quantization Intervals; Quantization Noise; [Signal:Quantization Noise Ratio]; Dither; Dynamic Range






29. Measure of sound pressure over the frequency spectrum - for which a listener perceives a constant loudness when presented with pure steady tones






30. Represents the amplitude component of the digital sampling process; Technique of incrementing a continuous analog event into a discrete set of binary digits (bits)






31. Full Scale; Type of metering that measures level in digital recording system; Recording and Mixing levels should NEVER exceed 0dB FS in digital audio or clipping will occur






32. Circuit that seizes voltage values with each tick of an A/D device's internal clock






33. Number of bits per second processed when sampling sound; (Sampling Rate x Bit Depth) = Resolution






34. A time regulator that makes all samples and bits to align when working with interconnected digital devices; Basically a signal that all of the digital devices refer to when operating.






35. Uses entropy coding as the basis; Computer data compression algorithm that packages files such as .ZIP & .RAR






36. Allows for an internal sample rate at multiples of the input and output rates; Alleviates the need for steep 'brickwall' filters; Often combined with internal '1- bit' processing; Increases smoothing effect






37. Sony sigma- delta modulation based technology that bypasses the decimation and interpolation steps found in PCM converters






38. The set of rules that computers use to move files from one computer to another on an internet






39. Channels are processed one at a time and the results are stored on multiple CPU buffers that alternately send data as DAW requests the data for playback; First few seconds are relayed to the buffer prior to processing and playback and it continuously






40. Each bit in the bit depth is equal to a _____ increase in dynamic range






41. Data reduction technique that selectively removes original information in order to significantly reduce the file size; Some data is lost; Files can be reduced up to 99% in size (90% with no perceived sound quality loss); Bit rate effects the perceive






42. The continuous loss of signal strengths as a signal travels through a medium






43. Eight channel digital surround sound system by Dolby






44. Used when the reference pressure of a sound is 20 microPa (0.00002); Sound Pressure Level; Measure of amplitude






45. A drive that can read and write on optical media that hold up to 50 GB on two layers; 24- bit/96 kHz for 8-Channel; 24- bit/192 kHz for 6-Channel






46. 1.) Taking a series of evenly- spaced measurements 2.) Signal contains no frequency components higher than half the sample rate






47. High channel count; 64 channels on one cable; Coaxial cable with BNC connector or fiber optic with ST1 connector






48. VBR; Most common & best data reduction technique; Codecs that encode data by determining how dense or sparse areas of the audio are; Can result in buffering issues






49. EBU






50. Increases D/A sample rate from nominal rate to oversampling rate by turning series multi- bit PCM samples into 1- bit samples; (ex. => 44.1kHz sample rate converted to 2.8MHz and simultaneously converts multi- bit samples to 1- bit); Low Pass Filter