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Digital Audio

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Unit of measurement that is equal to one millionth of a meter






2. Increases D/A sample rate from nominal rate to oversampling rate by turning series multi- bit PCM samples into 1- bit samples; (ex. => 44.1kHz sample rate converted to 2.8MHz and simultaneously converts multi- bit samples to 1- bit); Low Pass Filter






3. A method of representing real numbers using a mantissa and an exponent






4. Roughly around 1 -130 ft/s






5. Very selective method of lowering buffer levels by halting different levels of audio processing






6. MPEG; Standardizing body of audio coding






7. Eight channel digital surround sound system by Dolby






8. Smallest interval measurable by a scientific instrument; Defined by bit rate (sample rate x bit depth)






9. Found that aliasing was always a problem no matter how fast you sample; Less data recorded but more accurate; 2 samples per wave length.






10. Low Pressure; Part in a longitudinal wave where the particles are spread apart






11. The mathematics - algorithms - and the techniques used to manipulate signals after they have been converted to digital form






12. Data transmission protocol over which computer network traffic travels; Poorly suited to real- time transmission but numerous attempts have been made to harness the technology because of its flexible routing; Uses simple Cat5 cabling; Resists interfe






13. The ability of a digital system to perform complex DSP without running into problems with overflow or loss of resolution






14. EDL; Final list of samples used in the audio editing process; Identified by time code






15. Difference in brightness between land and pit on a CD Physical Format






16. The frequency above or below which attenuation begins in a filter circuit






17. Single- pin RCA cable or fiber- optic TOSLINK connector used for digital transfer; 75O coaxial - 2- channel unbalanced; 'Consumer' format of AES3






18. Only 2 digits used; The value of each place (ones - hundreds - etc.) are as follows from greatest to least: 128 - 64 - 32 - 16 - 8 - 4 - 2 - 1






19. Describes various optical disc characteristics including the size and shape of the disc - the size of pits - the speed at which the disc spins - and a multitude of aspects regarding the specifications of the player itself






20. Digital and analog processing capability is combined on a single microchip allowing for 1- bit resolution at high sample rates






21. 1st commercially successful AoE format for the transmission of digital audio - video - and control signals over 64- channel 100Mbps Ethernet networks






22. 8.75 GB; DS/SL






23. CBR; Codecs encodes data at a constant rate regardless of density of the audio file






24. A situation where a calculated value cannot fit into the number of digits reserved for it






25. Method of sampling data at a higher resolution (higher sample rate) as a means of reducing harmonic content during D/A conversion; (x2) oversampling gets rid of all odd harmonic content






26. Method used in digital recording and reproduction in which a signal is sampled at various points and the resulting value is translated into binary numbers






27. Ultra low- latency - 512- channel (on a gigabit network) - less flexible AoE format; Routed like audio cables...not network cables






28. 4.38 GB; SS/SL






29. Root Mean Square; Refers to taking the square root of all instantaneous amplitudes; Takes the average of those squares; (-6 Peak Level is approximately equal to -20 RMS)






30. Removes high frequency images and noise and smoothes the stair case output coming from of the sample and hold circuit; Also called a SMOOTHING FILTER






31. Each bit in the bit depth is equal to a _____ increase in dynamic range






32. Data reduction technique that selectively removes original information in order to significantly reduce the file size; Some data is lost; Files can be reduced up to 99% in size (90% with no perceived sound quality loss); Bit rate effects the perceive






33. Computer program or device capable of encoding and/or decoding a digital data stream with the end result being a reduced file size






34. Measurement at regular intervals of the amplitude of a varying waveform (in order to convert it to digital form); There must be a minimum of 2 samples for each cycle in a waveform






35. Number of bits used to represent the smallest unit of information in an audio file; Greater bit depth = better quality audio






36. Samples are duplicated and the playback sampling rate correspondingly increased; Significantly raises the Nyquist limit to a range well beyond human hearing; Processing 'pushes' the distortion resulting from quantization error into these higher frequ






37. Level above which audible sounds are painful (125 - 130 db)






38. Contains all even and odd harmonics associated with a fundamental tone - making it a rich source for modeling other sounds; Amplitude of each overtone decreases exponentially as a ratio of the harmonic's frequency to that of the fundamental






39. As sample rate is increased more room is created for a smoother slope of the attenuation band because Nyquist limit extends well beyond range of hearing with each increase






40. 'Reconstructing' part of digital audio






41. Playback; I/O Connections; CPU (Streaming); Conversion from DAW or Software






42. A sample- by- sample operation on two signals






43. Also known as equal loudness curves; Graph that indicates the average ear sensitivity to different frequencies at different SPL levels (as volume increases - these curves flatten out)






44. High Pressure - Part of a longitudinal wave where the particles of the medium are close together






45. HD Audio format; Lossless Compression; 24- bit/96 kHz; 5.1 Surround or 24- bit / 192 kHz stereo sound






46. The more bits allocated during quantization - the more accurate the measurement






47. Unit of measurement that is equal to one billionth of a meter






48. The difference between the analog value and the approximated digital value due to the 'rounding' that occurs while converting the analog signal to digital






49. The set of rules that computers use to move files from one computer to another on an internet






50. A time regulator that makes all samples and bits to align when working with interconnected digital devices; Basically a signal that all of the digital devices refer to when operating.







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