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Test your basic knowledge |
Digital Audio
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Digital (binary) measurements of how long each pulse is either on or off; Width of increasing voltage or decreasing voltage is assigned a 1 or 0 respectively
dB/SPL
Pulse Width Modulation
Requirements for A/D Conversion
Low-Latency Monitoring
2. The number of compressions or rarefactions in one second; The higher the frequency the more compressions & rarefactions per second; Measured in Hertz
Frequency
DVD-9
Multichannel Audio Digital Interface (MADI)
Bit Depth
3. 16-Bit; 44.1 kHz; PCM; Stereo
Cutoff Frequency
Requirements for CD Audio
Fletcher- Munson Curve
Pulse Width Modulation
4. Sample Rate x Bit Depth x # of Channels
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
Psychoacoustics
Cutoff Frequency
Sony-Philips Digital Interface Format (S/PDIF)
5. MPEG; Standardizing body of audio coding
Sample Rate Effect on Anti-Aliasing
Floating Point
Decoder
Motion Pictures Experts Group
6. Same as 'aliasing'
Direct Monitoring
Effective Bit Depth
Interleaved
Foldover
7. A frequency specified for a filter (digital or electronic) the marks the point at which the frequency content of a signal is altered +/- 3dB
Pulse Code Modulation
EtherSound
DVD-9
Cutoff Frequency
8. Have odd numbered harmonics
2 Dimensions of Sound
DVD-18
Square Wave
dB/FS
9. Reduces A/D sample rate from the oversampled rate to nominal rate by turning series of one- bit samples into a series of multi- bit PCM samples; (ex. => 2.8MHz sample rate converted to 44.1kHz and simultaneously converts 1-Bit samples to multi- bit);
Decimation Filter
Harry Nyquist
Blu-Ray
DVD-14
10. Number of bits per second processed when sampling sound; (Sampling Rate x Bit Depth) = Resolution
Bit Rate
Codec
Lossless Formats
Lossy Formats
11. Number of bits used to represent the smallest unit of information in an audio file; Greater bit depth = better quality audio
Voltage
Bit Depth
AES3
Intensity Stereo
12. Playback; I/O Connections; CPU (Streaming); Conversion from DAW or Software
Average Bit Rate
Buffering Locations
Word Clock
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
13. The amount of energy at each wavelength
Motion Pictures Experts Group
Average Bit Rate
Spectra
Storage Conversion Steps
14. A time regulator that makes all samples and bits to align when working with interconnected digital devices; Basically a signal that all of the digital devices refer to when operating.
DVD-5
Coaxial
CPU Buffering
Word Clock
15. The difference in volume between the loudest and quietest sounds of a source
Sample Rate
Dynamic Range
Decimation Filter
Overflow
16. Discrete incremental distinctions made between the value of one sample and the next; Breaks down bit depth into a series of evenly spaced intervals
Acoustics
Headroom Bits
Logical Format
Quantization Intervals
17. Rate at which energy is drawn from a source that produces a flow of electricity in a circuit; Expressed in volts
Voltage
2 Dimensions of Sound
Photoreceptor
Average Bit Rate
18. Used as the main disc from which other discs are made; Composed of ground glass with a very fine photoresistor layer; An imaging laser burns pit and land patterns in preparation for duplication
Glass Master
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
Attenuation
A/D Conversion Signal Flow
19. Cable used to transmit data; Inner cable is surrounded by a plastic insulator - which is surrounded by a wire mesh conductor that insulates the internal signal wire from external interference and an outer casing that functions as a ground
Coaxial
6 dB
Joseph Fourier
RMS Meter
20. Based on psychoacoustics - these are the basis of frequency analysis for a perceptual codec;
Subbands
Rarefaction
Sampling Rule
CPU Buffering
21. Branch of psychology concerned with the subjective perception of sound
Blu-Ray
Ethernet
Spectrum Multiplication
Psychoacoustics
22. A digital filter's time domain output sequence when the input is a single sample is input
Frequency
Successive Approximation
Impulse Response
Acoustics
23. The process of reducing the space required to store data by efficiently encoding the content.
Codec
Red Book
Compression
Harmonic Content
24. Full Scale; Type of metering that measures level in digital recording system; Recording and Mixing levels should NEVER exceed 0dB FS in digital audio or clipping will occur
Algorithm
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
Joint Stereo
dB/FS
25. As sample rate is increased more room is created for a smoother slope of the attenuation band because Nyquist limit extends well beyond range of hearing with each increase
Sample Rate Effect on Anti-Aliasing
Anti-Aliasing Filter
Sinusoidal
Inter-Channel Redundancy
26. VBR; Most common & best data reduction technique; Codecs that encode data by determining how dense or sparse areas of the audio are; Can result in buffering issues
Quantization Error
Variable Bit Rate
Speed of Sound
Lossless Formats
27. CobraNet; EtherSound; Dante; AVB (currently under development)
Quantizer
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
AoE Formats
Bit Rate
28. Toshiba developed digital audio interface utilizes fiber optics as a transmission medium.
TOSLINK
Overflow
D/A Conversion Signal Flow
Multichannel Audio Digital Interface (MADI)
29. The frequency above or below which attenuation begins in a filter circuit
Cutoff Frequency
Bit Depth Effect on Dynamic Range
Decoder
Fletcher- Munson Curve
30. Stores only one copy of a stereo signal and assigns it to both channels in order to save 50% of original bandwidth
Pulse Density Modulation
Motion Pictures Experts Group
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
Inter-Channel Redundancy
31. Series of dots and dashes representing the letters of the alphabet; Most common letters are represented by the shortest dots and dashes; Example of entropy coding
Morse Code
Dolby 5.1
Sample- and-Hold
Algorithm
32. A situation where a calculated value cannot fit into the number of digits reserved for it
DVD-10
Overflow
X-Axis Terminology
Pulse Width Modulation
33. Very quiet digital amplifier that produces a series of output pulses with the audio signal coded the same as the width of the output pulses; Pulses are used to represent wave forms and are either on or off; Intense signals have long pulses with short
Internal Resolution
Class - D Amplifier
Sine Wave
Lightpipe
34. EDL; Final list of samples used in the audio editing process; Identified by time code
Edit Decision List
Sony-Philips Digital Interface Format (S/PDIF)
Signal- to- Noise Ratio
Word Clock
35. Measuring equipment in A/D conversion that processes voltage and provides a value for that voltage
Blu-Ray
Effective Bit Depth
Jitter
Quantizer
36. Removes high frequency images and noise and smoothes the stair case output coming from of the sample and hold circuit; Also called a SMOOTHING FILTER
Psychoacoustics
Low-Latency Monitoring
Oversampling
Anti-Imaging Filter
37. Take up half as many bits (50%); Algorithm can keep same quality by lossing the stereo track
Amplitude Accuracy
Gain Staging
Interleaved
MONO
38. Increases D/A sample rate from nominal rate to oversampling rate by turning series multi- bit PCM samples into 1- bit samples; (ex. => 44.1kHz sample rate converted to 2.8MHz and simultaneously converts multi- bit samples to 1- bit); Low Pass Filter
Interpolation Filter
Effective Bit Depth
Ethernet
Sinusoidal
39. Single- pin RCA cable or fiber- optic TOSLINK connector used for digital transfer; 75O coaxial - 2- channel unbalanced; 'Consumer' format of AES3
Perceptual Coding
Requirements for A/D Conversion
Sony-Philips Digital Interface Format (S/PDIF)
Sampling (Samples)
40. How Loud (Y-Axis) & How Fast (X-Axis)
Sample Rate Effect on Anti-Aliasing
Low-Latency Monitoring
Micron
2 Dimensions of Sound
41. Circuit that interprets the meaning of the symbols as they were chosen and arranged by the encode
Decoder
CobraNet
A/D Conversion Signal Flow
Motion Pictures Experts Group
42. Allowance of noise floor below that which is required for the final product
Codec
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
Footroom
Logical Format
43. Process of building a complex tone by starting with the fundamental frequency and adding pure tone harmonics
Additive Synthesis...
A/D Conversion
Successive Approximation
dB/SPL
44. Number or variable that represents the number of times the base of a power is used as a factor; Defines magnitude
Exponent
Joseph Fourier
D/A Conversion
Motion Pictures Experts Group
45. Very selective method of lowering buffer levels by halting different levels of audio processing
DVD-5
Word Clock
Low-Latency Monitoring
Redither
46. The more bits allocated during quantization - the more accurate the measurement
I/O Connection Buffering
Additive Synthesis...
Delta-Sigma Modulation
Bit Depth Effect on Dynamic Range
47. 'Capturing' part of digital audio; Never captures a signal perfectly
Morse Code
Perceptual Coding
Sample Rate
A/D Conversion
48. Measure of sound pressure over the frequency spectrum - for which a listener perceives a constant loudness when presented with pure steady tones
dBFS
Interpolation Filter
Equal Loudness Contour
Physical Disc Format
49. Mixing data and control characters in a single operation
Peak Level
Masking Analysis...
Interleaved
Perceptual Coding
50. 8.75 GB; DS/SL
SCMS
Bit Depth Effect on Dynamic Range
Constant Bit Rate
DVD-10