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Test your basic knowledge |
Digital Audio
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The art of deciding where to place a processor in signal flow based on how that processor will be influenced by the other processors in the path
CPU Buffering
2 Dimensions of Sound
Pulse Code Modulation
Gain Staging
2. Most significant lossless coding technique in current use; Measure of disorder in which long strings of data are represented by short symbols and uses the shortest symbols to represent the most common repetitive audio data maximizing data reduction
Entropy Coding
Quantization Error
Peak Level
Anti-Imaging Filter
3. Eight channel digital surround sound system by Dolby
Dolby 7.1
Speed of Sound
Frequency
Jitter
4. More accuracy in low amplitudes and less in higher amplitudes
Bit Rate
Amplitude Accuracy
Pad Head & Tail
Physical Disc Format
5. Increases or decreases the digital signal so that the loudest sample is brought up to 0dBfs; Uses all bits from dynamic range and makes it even from track to track
Impulse Response
Logical Format
DVD-10
Normalizing
6. Measure of the amplitude of a longitudinal wave
Frames
Intensity
Subbands
Bit Depth Effect on Dynamic Range
7. Occurs as data is assembled into meaningful bits or information and as left & right channels are separated
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
Buffer Size
I/O Connection Buffering
DVD-9
8. Measurement at regular intervals of the amplitude of a varying waveform (in order to convert it to digital form); There must be a minimum of 2 samples for each cycle in a waveform
European Broadcasting Union
DVD-14
Sampling (Samples)
Successive Approximation
9. Series of dots and dashes representing the letters of the alphabet; Most common letters are represented by the shortest dots and dashes; Example of entropy coding
2 Dimensions of Sound
Morse Code
Oversampling
Intensity Stereo
10. Joint-Stereo Technique; Since the human brain is unable to localize sounds at high frequencies well sounds above 9 kHz threshold are encoded in mono
Threshold of Hearing
Playback Buffering
Direct Stream Digital
Intensity Stereo
11. Contains all even and odd harmonics associated with a fundamental tone - making it a rich source for modeling other sounds; Amplitude of each overtone decreases exponentially as a ratio of the harmonic's frequency to that of the fundamental
Algorithm
Sawtooth Wave
Coaxial
Additive Synthesis...
12. A drive that can read and write on optical media that hold up to 50 GB on two layers; 24- bit/96 kHz for 8-Channel; 24- bit/192 kHz for 6-Channel
Harry Nyquist
Logical Format
Fletcher- Munson Curve
Blu-Ray
13. A network communications protocol that specifies how machines will exchange data; Uses a broadcast system in which one machine transmits its message on the communication medium and the other machines listen for messages directed to them
Oversampling
Impulse Response
Average Bit Rate
Ethernet
14. Number of bits used to represent the smallest unit of information in an audio file; Greater bit depth = better quality audio
Decoder
CPU Buffering
Word Clock
Bit Depth
15. Cable used to transmit data; Inner cable is surrounded by a plastic insulator - which is surrounded by a wire mesh conductor that insulates the internal signal wire from external interference and an outer casing that functions as a ground
Logical Format
Joint Stereo
Quantization Error
Coaxial
16. Method used in digital recording and reproduction in which a signal is sampled at various points and the resulting value is translated into binary numbers
M-S Stereo
Normalizing
Pulse Code Modulation
Fletcher- Munson Curve
17. Sum of all harmonics; Sum of sine and cosine waves which have frequencies f - 2f - 3f - 4f...
Fourier Series
Data Packing
Interpolation Filter
0 dB FS
18. EBU
Equal Loudness Contour
European Broadcasting Union
Sine Wave
Aliasing
19. MPEG; Standardizing body of audio coding
Sample Rate
Motion Pictures Experts Group
PCM
2 Dimensions of Sound
20. The difference between the analog value and the approximated digital value due to the 'rounding' that occurs while converting the analog signal to digital
Delta-Sigma Modulation
Digital
Quantization Error
Blu-Ray
21. Computer program or device capable of encoding and/or decoding a digital data stream with the end result being a reduced file size
DVD-9
Codec
Acoustics
Sample- and-Hold
22. Signal voltage is relayed to a register from sample- and - hold circuit; Holds reference frequencies in binary form that decrease in value; Finds approximated value & assigns binary number accordingly
Threshold of Pain
Successive Approximation
Noise Shaping
A/D Conversion
23. Found that aliasing was always a problem no matter how fast you sample; Less data recorded but more accurate; 2 samples per wave length.
Bit Rate
Dithering
Multichannel Audio Digital Interface (MADI)
Harry Nyquist
24. CobraNet; EtherSound; Dante; AVB (currently under development)
Amplitude Accuracy
DVD-Audio
AoE Formats
Intensity Stereo
25. 7.95 GB; SS/DL
Pulse Width Modulation
Requirements for A/D Conversion
DVD-9
Digital Signal Processing
26. Sony and Philips optical disc format; Utilizes sigma delta DSD to offer higher resolution; 1- bit; 2.8224 MHz; 6-Channel
Gain Staging
SACD
Threshold of Pain
Bit Depth Effect on Dynamic Range
27. Accuracy with which an electronic system reproduces the sound or image of its input signal
Fidelity
Claude Shannon
Fletcher- Munson Curve
Ethernet
28. Apple Lossless; Windows Media Lossless; DTS HD Master Audio; Dolby True HD; FLAC
Lossless Formats
Noise Shaping
Pulse Density Modulation
Harmonic Content
29. Ratio of magnitude of the analytical signal to the magnitude of the background noise signal
Signal- to- Noise Ratio
Requirements for A/D Conversion
Equal Loudness Contour
Data Packing
30. Reduces A/D sample rate from the oversampled rate to nominal rate by turning series of one- bit samples into a series of multi- bit PCM samples; (ex. => 2.8MHz sample rate converted to 44.1kHz and simultaneously converts 1-Bit samples to multi- bit);
Recording Levels
dB/SPL
Effective Bit Depth
Decimation Filter
31. Based on psychoacoustics - these are the basis of frequency analysis for a perceptual codec;
Decoder
Buffer Size
Fourier Series
Subbands
32. Governs the frequency response of a digital system; The highest- frequency component that can be captured with a sampling rate; always 1/2 of sampling rate; Also called the limiting frequency
Square Wave
Nyquist Frequency
Storage Conversion Steps
6 dB
33. Splits the input signal and mixes it with an analog copy so that no latency is present
Zero-Latency Monitoring
Digital
Requirements for CD Audio
Digital Signal Processing
34. Measure of sound pressure over the frequency spectrum - for which a listener perceives a constant loudness when presented with pure steady tones
Decoder
Signal- to- Noise Ratio
Equal Loudness Contour
Pulse Code Modulation
35. (AES/EBU); 110O - 2- channel balanced digital audio cable with an XLR connection; NOT a mic cable!!
Direct Monitoring
AES3
Internal Resolution
Edit Decision List
36. Describes various optical disc characteristics including the size and shape of the disc - the size of pits - the speed at which the disc spins - and a multitude of aspects regarding the specifications of the player itself
Acoustics
Voltage
Physical Disc Format
Algorithm
37. Father of modern information theory; Solidified the Nyquist Theory by adding the concept that bits per second (binary representation of audio signals) must be at equal intervals to accurately represent data
Inter-Channel Redundancy
PCM
Claude Shannon
Decimation Filter
38. Twice as many samples as the highest frequency at minimum; Sampling rate totally controls frequency response
Fidelity
dBFS
CPU Buffering
Sampling Rule
39. 8- in/8- out on one cable; 25- pin D- sub connector
Bit Rate
Cutoff Frequency
Intensity Stereo
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
40. Discrete incremental distinctions made between the value of one sample and the next; Breaks down bit depth into a series of evenly spaced intervals
Pulse Width Modulation
Intensity Stereo
Quantization Intervals
Lossy
41. Leaving space at beginning and ending of song for data crunching during mastering; Last step in mastering process
Audio over Ethernet (AoE)
European Broadcasting Union
Interpolation Filter
Pad Head & Tail
42. Branch of psychology concerned with the subjective perception of sound
Sine Wave
Threshold of Hearing
Psychoacoustics
M-S Stereo
43. Voltage -> Dither -> Anti-Aliasing (Low Pass Filter) -> Sample & Hold Circuit -> Successive Approximation/Quantizer --) 100111010 (PCM Audio File)
AoE Formats
Fidelity
A/D Conversion Signal Flow
Interpolation Filter
44. RAM holds in memory audio data before it is transferred to the memory controller; Certain amount of data is processed before large amounts of data are streamed to prevent latency
6 dB
Digital
Buffering
Harmonic Content
45. Multi-Bit Words; (Pulse Code Modulation)
Word Clock
Blu-Ray
M-S Stereo
PCM
46. 8.75 GB; DS/SL
Red Book
Joseph Fourier
DVD-10
Buffer Size
47. Measures the highest levels of a signal being recorded or mixed; Monitors for clipping - which occurs at 0dBFS); Does not always reflect perceived volume of signal
Peak Level
Successive Approximation
Quantization
PCM
48. 12cm plastic disc; 1.2mm thick; One- sided; Red Laser; 1.6 microns between tracks; 125 nanometer pits
Bit Rate
Red Book
Frequency
Intensity Stereo
49. VBR; Most common & best data reduction technique; Codecs that encode data by determining how dense or sparse areas of the audio are; Can result in buffering issues
Storage Conversion Steps
Variable Bit Rate
Direct Monitoring
AoE Formats
50. The more bits allocated during quantization - the more accurate the measurement
Morse Code
RMS
Optical Cable
Bit Depth Effect on Dynamic Range