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Test your basic knowledge |
Digital Audio
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Very selective method of lowering buffer levels by halting different levels of audio processing
Low-Latency Monitoring
Harry Nyquist
Quantization Error
DVD-9
2. Circuit that interprets the meaning of the symbols as they were chosen and arranged by the encode
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
Sinusoidal
Rarefaction
Decoder
3. Number or variable that represents the number of times the base of a power is used as a factor; Defines magnitude
Sawtooth Wave
Blu-Ray
Exponent
Square Wave
4. The difference between the analog value and the approximated digital value due to the 'rounding' that occurs while converting the analog signal to digital
Spectra
Bit Depth Effect on Dynamic Range
Quantization Error
Rarefaction
5. A digital filter's time domain output sequence when the input is a single sample is input
Dolby 5.1
Impulse Response
MONO
Peak Level
6. The continuous loss of signal strengths as a signal travels through a medium
Sony-Philips Digital Interface Format (S/PDIF)
TOSLINK
SACD
Attenuation
7. Ratio of magnitude of the analytical signal to the magnitude of the background noise signal
Spectra
Signal- to- Noise Ratio
Multichannel Audio Digital Interface (MADI)
Perceptual Coding
8. Reduces A/D sample rate from the oversampled rate to nominal rate by turning series of one- bit samples into a series of multi- bit PCM samples; (ex. => 2.8MHz sample rate converted to 44.1kHz and simultaneously converts 1-Bit samples to multi- bit);
Sample- and-Hold
Sampling Rule
Decimation Filter
Lossless Formats
9. Uses entropy coding as the basis; Computer data compression algorithm that packages files such as .ZIP & .RAR
Motion Pictures Experts Group
Gain Staging
Data Packing
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
10. Father of modern information theory; Solidified the Nyquist Theory by adding the concept that bits per second (binary representation of audio signals) must be at equal intervals to accurately represent data
Resolution
Claude Shannon
European Broadcasting Union
Cutoff Frequency
11. Having a repeated succession of waves or curves as in a sound waveform
Lossless
Spectra
DVD-Audio
Sinusoidal
12. The frequency above or below which attenuation begins in a filter circuit
Blu-Ray
Buffer Size
Cutoff Frequency
Amplitude Accuracy
13. Digital and analog processing capability is combined on a single microchip allowing for 1- bit resolution at high sample rates
Anti-Aliasing Filter
Convolution
Delta-Sigma Modulation
dBFS
14. Digital (binary) measurements of how long each pulse is either on or off; Width of increasing voltage or decreasing voltage is assigned a 1 or 0 respectively
RMS Meter
Pulse Width Modulation
M-S Stereo
Entropy Coding
15. Sony sigma- delta modulation based technology that bypasses the decimation and interpolation steps found in PCM converters
Direct Stream Digital
Amplitude Accuracy
Buffering
DVD-Audio
16. Playback; I/O Connections; CPU (Streaming); Conversion from DAW or Software
Speed of Sound
Quantizer
RMS Meter
Buffering Locations
17. AAC (Advanced Audio Coding); MP3; RA; WMA; OGG Vorbis; Dolby Digital/AC-3; DTS; ADPCM
Lossy Formats
Harry Nyquist
SACD
Codec
18. Low Pressure; Part in a longitudinal wave where the particles are spread apart
Peak Level
Exponent
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
Rarefaction
19. ADAT Optcal; 8- in/8- out on two cables; Fiber- optic - TOSLINK connector
Lightpipe
Normalizing
D/A Conversion
Quantization
20. Number of bits per second processed when sampling sound; (Sampling Rate x Bit Depth) = Resolution
Quantization
Overflow
Bit Rate
Speed of Sound
21. Allowance of noise floor below that which is required for the final product
Pad Head & Tail
Physical Disc Format
Analog
Footroom
22. 16-Bit; 44.1 kHz; PCM; Stereo
Requirements for CD Audio
Convolution
Inter-Channel Redundancy
Cutoff Frequency
23. More accuracy in low amplitudes and less in higher amplitudes
Noise Shaping
Amplitude Accuracy
Data Packing
DVD-10
24. 12cm plastic disc; 1.2mm thick; One- sided; Red Laser; 1.6 microns between tracks; 125 nanometer pits
6 dB
Sample- and-Hold
Codec
Red Book
25. Based on psychoacoustics - these are the basis of frequency analysis for a perceptual codec;
Transfer Protocol
Subbands
Additive Synthesis...
SCMS
26. ADPCM; Pulse code modulation that produces a digital signal with a lower bit rate than standard PCM; Records only the difference between samples
CobraNet
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
Conversion Buffering
Oscillation
27. CobraNet; EtherSound; Dante; AVB (currently under development)
Headroom Bits
AoE Formats
Lossless
DVD-Audio
28. Process that begins with a fast FFT analysis of the spectra of two input signals - then the multiplication of like frequencies - and IFFT to finalize the process
Interleaved
Nyquist Frequency
DVD-18
Spectrum Multiplication
29. Defines the number of sample per second taken from a continuous signal to make a discrete signal; Governs the frequency response of digital audio
Audio Engineering Society
Sample Rate
EtherSound
Compression
30. If a signal is sampled at a rate higher than twice the highest significant signal frequency and at evenly spaced intervals - then the samples contain all the information of the original signal
Y-Axis Terminology
Latency
Sampling Theorem
Quantizer
31. Reduces the percieved distortion due to quantization error; Low level white noise source is introduced to make the profile of the quantization 'noise' more irregular; Useful when reducing the number of bits per word in a signal (i.e. when converting
Perceptual Coding
SACD
RMS Meter
Dithering
32. Take up half as many bits (50%); Algorithm can keep same quality by lossing the stereo track
SACD
MONO
DVD-5
Direct Monitoring
33. Root Mean Square; Refers to taking the square root of all instantaneous amplitudes; Takes the average of those squares; (-6 Peak Level is approximately equal to -20 RMS)
EtherSound
Decimal- to-Binary Conversion
Floating Point
RMS
34. A time regulator that makes all samples and bits to align when working with interconnected digital devices; Basically a signal that all of the digital devices refer to when operating.
Quantization Intervals
Word Clock
dB/FS
Threshold of Hearing
35. In order to play multiple channels at one time data is buffered as read to disk; Latency happens between play command & beginning of playback
Edit Decision List
Requirements for CD Audio
Playback Buffering
Psychoacoustics
36. Built into DAWs; Bits are added when signals are mixed together to avoid clipping
D/A Conversion
Sample Rate Effect on Anti-Aliasing
Headroom Bits
Bit Rate
37. Anytime bit depth is reduced the gap gets bigger so more dithering is required
Redither
Y-Axis Terminology
A/D Conversion
Normalizing
38. MPEG; Standardizing body of audio coding
Sonogram
Motion Pictures Experts Group
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
Audio over Ethernet (AoE)
39. Used as the main disc from which other discs are made; Composed of ground glass with a very fine photoresistor layer; An imaging laser burns pit and land patterns in preparation for duplication
X-Axis Terminology
Nyquist Frequency
Glass Master
DVD-Audio
40. CBR; Codecs encodes data at a constant rate regardless of density of the audio file
Anti-Imaging Filter
Storage Conversion Steps
Word Clock
Constant Bit Rate
41. Measure of the amplitude of a longitudinal wave
Intensity
Photoreceptor
Joseph Fourier
Direct Monitoring
42. Sample Rate x Bit Depth x # of Channels
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
Overflow
Bit Rate
Convolution
43. Electromagnetic receptor that detects the radiation known as visible light
Internal Resolution
SACD
Photoreceptor
Threshold of Pain
44. Waveform of a pure tone showing simple harmonic motion
Quantization Intervals
Sine Wave
Audio Engineering Society
RMS
45. Signal voltage is relayed to a register from sample- and - hold circuit; Holds reference frequencies in binary form that decrease in value; Finds approximated value & assigns binary number accordingly
Storage Conversion Steps
Successive Approximation
2 Dimensions of Sound
Quantization Intervals
46. The loudest point of a Full Scale system
0 dB FS
Rarefaction
Exponent
Harmonic Content
47. The difference in volume between the loudest and quietest sounds of a source
Perceptual Coding
Audio over Ethernet (AoE)
Direct Stream Digital
Dynamic Range
48. Circuit that seizes voltage values with each tick of an A/D device's internal clock
Sample- and-Hold
Attenuation
Pad Head & Tail
Requirements for A/D Conversion
49. Accuracy with which an electronic system reproduces the sound or image of its input signal
Data Packing
Attenuation
Fidelity
Lossless
50. Same as 'aliasing'
Fletcher- Munson Curve
Foldover
Variable Bit Rate
Subbands