SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Digital Audio
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Sum of all harmonics; Sum of sine and cosine waves which have frequencies f - 2f - 3f - 4f...
Cutoff Frequency
Nyquist Frequency
SCMS
Fourier Series
2. Used when the reference pressure of a sound is 20 microPa (0.00002); Sound Pressure Level; Measure of amplitude
Optical Cable
Transfer Protocol
Word Clock
dB/SPL
3. Specific set of instructions for carrying out a data reduction technique that determines how to 'save' binary data information efficiently
Nyquist Frequency
Algorithm
Sinusoidal
Entropy Coding
4. Number of bits per second processed when sampling sound; (Sampling Rate x Bit Depth) = Resolution
AoE Formats
Sonogram
Bit Rate
Sample Rate
5. Data transmission protocol over which computer network traffic travels; Poorly suited to real- time transmission but numerous attempts have been made to harness the technology because of its flexible routing; Uses simple Cat5 cabling; Resists interfe
Intensity Stereo
Subbands
Audio over Ethernet (AoE)
DVD-10
6. Difference in brightness between land and pit on a CD Physical Format
Multichannel Audio Digital Interface (MADI)
Direct Monitoring
Oscillation
Index of Reflectivity
7. Ratio of magnitude of the analytical signal to the magnitude of the background noise signal
Signal- to- Noise Ratio
Cutoff Frequency
DVD-Audio
Fidelity
8. Method of sampling data at a higher resolution (higher sample rate) as a means of reducing harmonic content during D/A conversion; (x2) oversampling gets rid of all odd harmonic content
Oversampling
Fletcher- Munson Curve
Harmonic Content
Analog
9. Snippets of time in which frequency analysis takes place in a perceptual codec
Threshold of Hearing
Sony-Philips Digital Interface Format (S/PDIF)
Bit Rate
Frames
10. 12.33 GB; DS/ML
Jitter
DVD-14
Index of Reflectivity
Multichannel Audio Digital Interface (MADI)
11. Softest sound that can be heard by the average human ear (0 dB)
DVD-5
Fidelity
Threshold of Hearing
Index of Reflectivity
12. Measuring equipment in A/D conversion that processes voltage and provides a value for that voltage
Base 2 System
DVD-9
Quantizer
Interleaved
13. Channels are processed one at a time and the results are stored on multiple CPU buffers that alternately send data as DAW requests the data for playback; First few seconds are relayed to the buffer prior to processing and playback and it continuously
CPU Buffering
Attenuation
Gain Staging
Square Wave
14. High Pressure - Part of a longitudinal wave where the particles of the medium are close together
Overflow
Coaxial
Morse Code
Compression
15. Describes various optical disc characteristics including the size and shape of the disc - the size of pits - the speed at which the disc spins - and a multitude of aspects regarding the specifications of the player itself
Optical Cable
Photoreceptor
Psychoacoustics
Physical Disc Format
16. Decibels Full Scale
SCMS
dBFS
Equal Loudness Contour
RMS
17. Father of modern information theory; Solidified the Nyquist Theory by adding the concept that bits per second (binary representation of audio signals) must be at equal intervals to accurately represent data
Claude Shannon
Dolby 7.1
Anti-Imaging Filter
Gain Staging
18. A network communications protocol that specifies how machines will exchange data; Uses a broadcast system in which one machine transmits its message on the communication medium and the other machines listen for messages directed to them
Fourier Series
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
Lossy
Ethernet
19. Represents the amplitude component of the digital sampling process; Technique of incrementing a continuous analog event into a discrete set of binary digits (bits)
DVD-Audio
Direct Stream Digital
Quantization
Y-Axis Terminology
20. Number of bits used to represent the smallest unit of information in an audio file; Greater bit depth = better quality audio
Bit Depth
DVD-Audio
Base 2 System
Pulse Width Modulation
21. Sample Rate x Bit Depth x # of Channels
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
Recording Levels
Inter-Channel Redundancy
M-S Stereo
22. Increases or decreases the digital signal so that the loudest sample is brought up to 0dBfs; Uses all bits from dynamic range and makes it even from track to track
Lossless
Normalizing
Joint Stereo
Coaxial
23. (AES/EBU); 110O - 2- channel balanced digital audio cable with an XLR connection; NOT a mic cable!!
AES3
Voltage
Analog
Successive Approximation
24. DAW's and software must buffer when converting or bouncing and this latency can add up if not monitored
Decoder
Claude Shannon
Conversion Buffering
Dynamic Range
25. A sample- by- sample operation on two signals
Coaxial
Convolution
Pad Head & Tail
Quantization Intervals
26. Circuit that interprets the meaning of the symbols as they were chosen and arranged by the encode
Spectrum Multiplication
Quantizer
Decoder
Decimation Filter
27. Eight channel digital surround sound system by Dolby
Nanometer
Dolby 7.1
DVD-5
Perceptual Coding
28. Reduces A/D sample rate from the oversampled rate to nominal rate by turning series of one- bit samples into a series of multi- bit PCM samples; (ex. => 2.8MHz sample rate converted to 44.1kHz and simultaneously converts 1-Bit samples to multi- bit);
Quantizer
Requirements for A/D Conversion
Decimation Filter
SACD
29. VBR; Most common & best data reduction technique; Codecs that encode data by determining how dense or sparse areas of the audio are; Can result in buffering issues
Oscillation
Intensity
Footroom
Variable Bit Rate
30. Process that begins with a fast FFT analysis of the spectra of two input signals - then the multiplication of like frequencies - and IFFT to finalize the process
Spectrum Multiplication
Frequency
Sony-Philips Digital Interface Format (S/PDIF)
Algorithm
31. Same as 'aliasing'
Aliasing
Interpolation Filter
Decimation Filter
Foldover
32. 12cm plastic disc; 1.2mm thick; One- sided; Red Laser; 1.6 microns between tracks; 125 nanometer pits
Fletcher- Munson Curve
Red Book
Dynamic Range
Class - D Amplifier
33. RAM holds in memory audio data before it is transferred to the memory controller; Certain amount of data is processed before large amounts of data are streamed to prevent latency
Transfer Protocol
Oscillation
Motion Pictures Experts Group
Buffering
34. The act of a frequency swinging back and forth with a steady - uninterrupted rhythm
Index of Reflectivity
SACD
Oscillation
X-Axis Terminology
35. Have odd numbered harmonics
Square Wave
Oscillation
Footroom
Sampling Theorem
36. Circuit that seizes voltage values with each tick of an A/D device's internal clock
Sample- and-Hold
Buffer Size
Bit Depth
Buffering
37. Most significant lossless coding technique in current use; Measure of disorder in which long strings of data are represented by short symbols and uses the shortest symbols to represent the most common repetitive audio data maximizing data reduction
Convolution
Pulse Width Modulation
Entropy Coding
Harmonic Content
38. Subtract place values from the decimal number and place ones or zeros in the correct places
Decimal- to-Binary Conversion
Sample Rate
European Broadcasting Union
Dolby 7.1
39. A frequency specified for a filter (digital or electronic) the marks the point at which the frequency content of a signal is altered +/- 3dB
Cutoff Frequency
Noise Shaping
Storage Conversion Steps
Low-Latency Monitoring
40. CobraNet; EtherSound; Dante; AVB (currently under development)
CobraNet
AoE Formats
Codec
Normalizing
41. The elapsed time it takes for a packet of data to arrive at its destination; Lagging or pause of an audio signal as digital processing occurs; Can be managed utilizing several forms of 'audio monitoring'
Successive Approximation
Latency
Lossless
Frequency
42. Digital and analog processing capability is combined on a single microchip allowing for 1- bit resolution at high sample rates
Claude Shannon
X-Axis Terminology
Photoreceptor
Delta-Sigma Modulation
43. Data reduction technique that selectively removes original information in order to significantly reduce the file size; Some data is lost; Files can be reduced up to 99% in size (90% with no perceived sound quality loss); Bit rate effects the perceive
Y-Axis Terminology
D/A Conversion
Lossy
Harmonic Content
44. 8- in/8- out on one cable; 25- pin D- sub connector
Algorithm
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
Fidelity
Codec
45. Signal conversions are mixed with playback tracks resulting in near-zero latency
Direct Monitoring
Equal Loudness Contour
Decimation Filter
RMS
46. (Amplitude Based) Amplitude: Voltage; Quantization; Bit Depth; Quantization Intervals; Quantization Noise; [Signal:Quantization Noise Ratio]; Dither; Dynamic Range
Algorithm
Y-Axis Terminology
Foldover
Recording Levels
47. Apple Lossless; Windows Media Lossless; DTS HD Master Audio; Dolby True HD; FLAC
Bit Rate
Logical Format
Lossless Formats
Lossless
48. Data reduction technique that does not effect quality of original audio; No effect on original quality; Typically around 50% reduction; Exact reconstruction of digital code for the audio signal
D/A Conversion Signal Flow
Interpolation Filter
Lossless
Headroom Bits
49. Used as the main disc from which other discs are made; Composed of ground glass with a very fine photoresistor layer; An imaging laser burns pit and land patterns in preparation for duplication
Logical Format
SACD
Glass Master
DVD-Audio
50. Lossless Format; Can hold up to 25GB on a single- layer disc and 50GB on a dual- layer disc
Direct Monitoring
Speed of Sound
Blu-Ray
Floating Point