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Test your basic knowledge |
Digital Audio
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 'Capturing' part of digital audio; Never captures a signal perfectly
Stapedes Reflex
Threshold of Hearing
Motion Pictures Experts Group
A/D Conversion
2. Circuit that interprets the meaning of the symbols as they were chosen and arranged by the encode
Sample Rate
Decoder
European Broadcasting Union
Rarefaction
3. The difference in volume between the loudest and quietest sounds of a source
Dynamic Range
Footroom
Pass Band
Direct Stream Digital
4. Measurement at regular intervals of the amplitude of a varying waveform (in order to convert it to digital form); There must be a minimum of 2 samples for each cycle in a waveform
Recording Levels
Sampling (Samples)
Latency
Sampling Rule
5. As sample rate is increased more room is created for a smoother slope of the attenuation band because Nyquist limit extends well beyond range of hearing with each increase
Sample Rate Effect on Anti-Aliasing
Variable Bit Rate
Sinusoidal
Sonogram
6. Describes various optical disc characteristics including the size and shape of the disc - the size of pits - the speed at which the disc spins - and a multitude of aspects regarding the specifications of the player itself
Physical Disc Format
CPU Buffering
Oversampling
Logical Format
7. Eliminates frequencies above the Nyquist limit from becoming samples; Occurs prior to quantization
Direct Stream Digital
Anti-Aliasing Filter
Transfer Protocol
A/D Conversion Signal Flow
8. 1st commercially successful AoE format for the transmission of digital audio - video - and control signals over 64- channel 100Mbps Ethernet networks
Direct Stream Digital
CobraNet
Decoder
Audio over Ethernet (AoE)
9. Number of bits per second processed when sampling sound; (Sampling Rate x Bit Depth) = Resolution
Optical Cable
Physical Disc Format
Bit Rate
Nanometer
10. HD Audio format; Lossless Compression; 24- bit/96 kHz; 5.1 Surround or 24- bit / 192 kHz stereo sound
DVD-Audio
Frames
Significand
Entropy Coding
11. Overtones that contribute to the timbre of a sound and make up a complex waveform's physical characteristics
Square Wave
DVD-18
Internal Resolution
Harmonic Content
12. Electromagnetic receptor that detects the radiation known as visible light
Sampling (Samples)
Gain Staging
Word Clock
Photoreceptor
13. Difference in brightness between land and pit on a CD Physical Format
Index of Reflectivity
Decoder
SACD
Motion Pictures Experts Group
14. Root Mean Square; Refers to taking the square root of all instantaneous amplitudes; Takes the average of those squares; (-6 Peak Level is approximately equal to -20 RMS)
Threshold of Pain
RMS
Y-Axis Terminology
Spectrum Multiplication
15. Amplitude meter that takes the square root of all instantaneous amplitudes and averages them to find a mean and squares that value; Useful with particularly complex waveforms
Pulse Density Modulation
SCMS
RMS Meter
Anti-Aliasing Filter
16. Series of dots and dashes representing the letters of the alphabet; Most common letters are represented by the shortest dots and dashes; Example of entropy coding
Buffering
Index of Reflectivity
Morse Code
Peak Level
17. Digital and analog processing capability is combined on a single microchip allowing for 1- bit resolution at high sample rates
Delta-Sigma Modulation
Significand
Zero-Latency Monitoring
Dithering
18. Allowance of noise floor below that which is required for the final product
Footroom
M-S Stereo
Nyquist Frequency
Interpolation Filter
19. Channels are processed one at a time and the results are stored on multiple CPU buffers that alternately send data as DAW requests the data for playback; First few seconds are relayed to the buffer prior to processing and playback and it continuously
Interleaved
DVD-14
Dolby 5.1
CPU Buffering
20. Samples are duplicated and the playback sampling rate correspondingly increased; Significantly raises the Nyquist limit to a range well beyond human hearing; Processing 'pushes' the distortion resulting from quantization error into these higher frequ
DVD-5
Noise Shaping
Sony-Philips Digital Interface Format (S/PDIF)
Dynamic Range
21. Perceptual coding technique that uses louder sounds of a similar frequency to decide what information is to be saved during data reduction
Masking Analysis...
Claude Shannon
Index of Reflectivity
Oversampling
22. Subtract place values from the decimal number and place ones or zeros in the correct places
Decimal- to-Binary Conversion
Intensity
I/O Connection Buffering
Harmonic Content
23. Data reduction technique that does not effect quality of original audio; No effect on original quality; Typically around 50% reduction; Exact reconstruction of digital code for the audio signal
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
Sampling Rule
Conversion Buffering
Lossless
24. A digital filter's time domain output sequence when the input is a single sample is input
Impulse Response
RMS
dB/SPL
Successive Approximation
25. A method of representing real numbers using a mantissa and an exponent
Floating Point
dBFS
Storage Conversion Steps
Algorithm
26. 12cm plastic disc; 1.2mm thick; One- sided; Red Laser; 1.6 microns between tracks; 125 nanometer pits
Red Book
Successive Approximation
Dolby 5.1
Edit Decision List
27. Low Pressure; Part in a longitudinal wave where the particles are spread apart
Quantizer
A/D Conversion Signal Flow
Rarefaction
Quantization Intervals
28. More accuracy in low amplitudes and less in higher amplitudes
Variable Bit Rate
Internal Resolution
Amplitude Accuracy
Cutoff Frequency
29. Take up half as many bits (50%); Algorithm can keep same quality by lossing the stereo track
Pulse Density Modulation
MONO
Blu-Ray
Gain Staging
30. Removes high frequency images and noise and smoothes the stair case output coming from of the sample and hold circuit; Also called a SMOOTHING FILTER
Fidelity
Zero-Latency Monitoring
Anti-Imaging Filter
Conversion Buffering
31. Defines the number of sample per second taken from a continuous signal to make a discrete signal; Governs the frequency response of digital audio
Harry Nyquist
CobraNet
Sample Rate
Cutoff Frequency
32. The ability of a digital system to perform complex DSP without running into problems with overflow or loss of resolution
Floating Point
Decimal- to-Binary Conversion
Internal Resolution
Data Packing
33. Twice as many samples as the highest frequency at minimum; Sampling rate totally controls frequency response
Audio over Ethernet (AoE)
Sawtooth Wave
Sampling Rule
Gain Staging
34. 1.) Taking a series of evenly- spaced measurements 2.) Signal contains no frequency components higher than half the sample rate
SACD
Interpolation Filter
Buffering Locations
Requirements for A/D Conversion
35. Smallest interval measurable by a scientific instrument; Defined by bit rate (sample rate x bit depth)
Data Packing
Acoustics
Resolution
Codec
36. Pertaining to hearing or sound; Combination of the intensity of air pressure molecules with amplitude
Dolby 5.1
Acoustics
Attenuation
Rarefaction
37. Multi-Bit Words; (Pulse Code Modulation)
Floating Point
Direct Monitoring
PCM
DVD-Audio
38. Father of modern information theory; Solidified the Nyquist Theory by adding the concept that bits per second (binary representation of audio signals) must be at equal intervals to accurately represent data
Peak Level
Claude Shannon
Variable Bit Rate
Quantizer
39. Measuring equipment in A/D conversion that processes voltage and provides a value for that voltage
Quantizer
Normalizing
Conversion Buffering
Recording Levels
40. Most significant lossless coding technique in current use; Measure of disorder in which long strings of data are represented by short symbols and uses the shortest symbols to represent the most common repetitive audio data maximizing data reduction
Entropy Coding
Quantizer
Exponent
Fletcher- Munson Curve
41. Number or variable that represents the number of times the base of a power is used as a factor; Defines magnitude
Audio Engineering Society
RMS
Oversampling
Exponent
42. Describes acceptable data - performances both offered and essential for a disc player - and the complete user experience
Storage Conversion Steps
Fidelity
Logical Format
Motion Pictures Experts Group
43. MPEG; Standardizing body of audio coding
Fletcher- Munson Curve
Latency
Motion Pictures Experts Group
Storage Conversion Steps
44. Very selective method of lowering buffer levels by halting different levels of audio processing
Entropy Coding
Variable Bit Rate
Threshold of Hearing
Low-Latency Monitoring
45. 'Reconstructing' part of digital audio
Blu-Ray
Entropy Coding
Quantization Intervals
D/A Conversion
46. 8.75 GB; DS/SL
Sinusoidal
TOSLINK
DVD-10
Buffering
47. A drive that can read and write on optical media that hold up to 50 GB on two layers; 24- bit/96 kHz for 8-Channel; 24- bit/192 kHz for 6-Channel
A/D Conversion Signal Flow
Bit Depth Effect on Dynamic Range
Footroom
Blu-Ray
48. Method of sampling data at a higher resolution (higher sample rate) as a means of reducing harmonic content during D/A conversion; (x2) oversampling gets rid of all odd harmonic content
Blu-Ray
Lossless Formats
Entropy Coding
Oversampling
49. Very quiet digital amplifier that produces a series of output pulses with the audio signal coded the same as the width of the output pulses; Pulses are used to represent wave forms and are either on or off; Intense signals have long pulses with short
Fourier Series
MONO
Glass Master
Class - D Amplifier
50. Used when the reference pressure of a sound is 20 microPa (0.00002); Sound Pressure Level; Measure of amplitude
Rarefaction
dB/SPL
Pulse Width Modulation
Logical Format