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Test your basic knowledge |
Digital Audio
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Mixing data and control characters in a single operation
Attenuation
Index of Reflectivity
Interleaved
Square Wave
2. The frequency above or below which attenuation begins in a filter circuit
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
Spectra
Cutoff Frequency
Foldover
3. A frequency specified for a filter (digital or electronic) the marks the point at which the frequency content of a signal is altered +/- 3dB
6 dB
Cutoff Frequency
Sampling Rule
Playback Buffering
4. Perceptual coding technique that uses louder sounds of a similar frequency to decide what information is to be saved during data reduction
Threshold of Pain
Sony-Philips Digital Interface Format (S/PDIF)
Rarefaction
Masking Analysis...
5. When recording you want the smallest buffer available; When mixing you want the largest buffer available
Word Clock
Subbands
Buffer Size
Psychoacoustics
6. 'Capturing' part of digital audio; Never captures a signal perfectly
Fidelity
Requirements for A/D Conversion
MONO
A/D Conversion
7. 'Reconstructing' part of digital audio
Sampling Rule
Codec
D/A Conversion
Pad Head & Tail
8. Digital (binary) measurements of how long each pulse is either on or off; Width of increasing voltage or decreasing voltage is assigned a 1 or 0 respectively
Voltage
Attenuation
CobraNet
Pulse Width Modulation
9. How Loud (Y-Axis) & How Fast (X-Axis)
Quantization Intervals
2 Dimensions of Sound
M-S Stereo
Buffering
10. Each bit in the bit depth is equal to a _____ increase in dynamic range
6 dB
Resolution
Digital Signal Processing
EtherSound
11. Lossless Format; Can hold up to 25GB on a single- layer disc and 50GB on a dual- layer disc
Buffering Locations
Analog
DVD-14
Blu-Ray
12. A method of representing real numbers using a mantissa and an exponent
Variable Bit Rate
Joseph Fourier
Speed of Sound
Floating Point
13. Full Scale; Type of metering that measures level in digital recording system; Recording and Mixing levels should NEVER exceed 0dB FS in digital audio or clipping will occur
Headroom Bits
Normalizing
MONO
dB/FS
14. Circuit that interprets the meaning of the symbols as they were chosen and arranged by the encode
Rarefaction
Threshold of Pain
Sampling Rule
Decoder
15. Subtract place values from the decimal number and place ones or zeros in the correct places
Decimal- to-Binary Conversion
Word Clock
X-Axis Terminology
Compression
16. 16-Bit; 44.1 kHz; PCM; Stereo
Subbands
dBFS
Requirements for CD Audio
I/O Connection Buffering
17. Measuring equipment in A/D conversion that processes voltage and provides a value for that voltage
Analog
Quantizer
Cutoff Frequency
Bit Depth Effect on Dynamic Range
18. Serial Copy Management System; main difference between AES3 & S/PIDF
Additive Synthesis...
SCMS
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
Average Bit Rate
19. Difference in brightness between land and pit on a CD Physical Format
Pad Head & Tail
Index of Reflectivity
Base 2 System
DVD-18
20. Rate at which energy is drawn from a source that produces a flow of electricity in a circuit; Expressed in volts
Voltage
Anti-Imaging Filter
Decimal- to-Binary Conversion
Decimation Filter
21. Father of modern information theory; Solidified the Nyquist Theory by adding the concept that bits per second (binary representation of audio signals) must be at equal intervals to accurately represent data
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
Claude Shannon
Harry Nyquist
MONO
22. ABR; Codecs that encode data by determining how dense or sparse areas of the audio are while also keeping bit rate within specified limits to avoid rebuffering
dBFS
Average Bit Rate
Latency
Intensity
23. The continuous loss of signal strengths as a signal travels through a medium
Attenuation
Exponent
CobraNet
PCM
24. Based on psychoacoustics - these are the basis of frequency analysis for a perceptual codec;
Variable Bit Rate
Direct Monitoring
Subbands
Sample- and-Hold
25. VBR; Most common & best data reduction technique; Codecs that encode data by determining how dense or sparse areas of the audio are; Can result in buffering issues
Algorithm
Variable Bit Rate
Morse Code
Fletcher- Munson Curve
26. The more bits allocated during quantization - the more accurate the measurement
Pulse Code Modulation
Bit Depth Effect on Dynamic Range
Pad Head & Tail
Word Clock
27. High channel count; 64 channels on one cable; Coaxial cable with BNC connector or fiber optic with ST1 connector
Quantization Intervals
Dolby 7.1
Multichannel Audio Digital Interface (MADI)
Class - D Amplifier
28. Series of dots and dashes representing the letters of the alphabet; Most common letters are represented by the shortest dots and dashes; Example of entropy coding
Morse Code
Aliasing
Amplitude Accuracy
Sample Rate Effect on Anti-Aliasing
29. Unit of measurement that is equal to one millionth of a meter
Micron
Fourier Series
Dynamic Range
Quantization
30. Eliminates frequencies above the Nyquist limit from becoming samples; Occurs prior to quantization
Anti-Aliasing Filter
Square Wave
Footroom
Sinusoidal
31. Playback; I/O Connections; CPU (Streaming); Conversion from DAW or Software
Buffering Locations
Noise Shaping
Peak Level
Additive Synthesis...
32. 12.33 GB; DS/ML
Headroom Bits
D/A Conversion
SCMS
DVD-14
33. Eight channel digital surround sound system by Dolby
Recording Levels
Overflow
Sampling Rule
Dolby 7.1
34. Digital and analog processing capability is combined on a single microchip allowing for 1- bit resolution at high sample rates
Delta-Sigma Modulation
Logical Format
Floating Point
Pulse Width Modulation
35. Removes high frequency images and noise and smoothes the stair case output coming from of the sample and hold circuit; Also called a SMOOTHING FILTER
Sample Rate Effect on Anti-Aliasing
Anti-Imaging Filter
Attenuation
A/D Conversion
36. Apple Lossless; Windows Media Lossless; DTS HD Master Audio; Dolby True HD; FLAC
Interpolation Filter
Lossless Formats
Dynamic Range
Oscillation
37. Data is transmitted over fiber optic lines; Uses a TOSLINK connecter instead of an RCA type; Can transmit multi- channel audio; Not susceptible to ground hum and loops; Able to support far higher rates of data transfer over greater distances than coa
Optical Cable
Digital
0 dB FS
Threshold of Hearing
38. Electromagnetic receptor that detects the radiation known as visible light
Oversampling
Quantization
Photoreceptor
I/O Connection Buffering
39. Sony and Philips optical disc format; Utilizes sigma delta DSD to offer higher resolution; 1- bit; 2.8224 MHz; 6-Channel
SACD
Bit Depth Effect on Dynamic Range
Coaxial
2 Dimensions of Sound
40. Signal that uses variable voltage to create continuous waves resulting in an inexact transmission
Harmonic Content
Analog
Internal Resolution
Intensity Stereo
41. Smallest interval measurable by a scientific instrument; Defined by bit rate (sample rate x bit depth)
dBFS
Decimation Filter
Resolution
Joseph Fourier
42. Data reduction technique that does not effect quality of original audio; No effect on original quality; Typically around 50% reduction; Exact reconstruction of digital code for the audio signal
Recording Levels
Lossless
Oversampling
Cutoff Frequency
43. The ability of a digital system to perform complex DSP without running into problems with overflow or loss of resolution
Spectra
Peak Level
Codec
Internal Resolution
44. Same as 'aliasing'
Perceptual Coding
Foldover
Attenuation
2 Dimensions of Sound
45. A digital filter's time domain output sequence when the input is a single sample is input
Intensity
Anti-Imaging Filter
DVD-14
Impulse Response
46. A time regulator that makes all samples and bits to align when working with interconnected digital devices; Basically a signal that all of the digital devices refer to when operating.
Word Clock
Gain Staging
Normalizing
Delta-Sigma Modulation
47. A drive that can read and write on optical media that hold up to 50 GB on two layers; 24- bit/96 kHz for 8-Channel; 24- bit/192 kHz for 6-Channel
Redither
DVD-14
Blu-Ray
Aliasing
48. Sum of all harmonics; Sum of sine and cosine waves which have frequencies f - 2f - 3f - 4f...
Nanometer
Stapedes Reflex
SCMS
Fourier Series
49. Sample Rate x Bit Depth x # of Channels
Frequency
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
Codec
dB/FS
50. A network communications protocol that specifies how machines will exchange data; Uses a broadcast system in which one machine transmits its message on the communication medium and the other machines listen for messages directed to them
Anti-Aliasing Filter
I/O Connection Buffering
Ethernet
dBFS