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Digital Audio

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 'Capturing' part of digital audio; Never captures a signal perfectly






2. Multi-Bit Words; (Pulse Code Modulation)






3. Defines the number of sample per second taken from a continuous signal to make a discrete signal; Governs the frequency response of digital audio






4. Used when the reference pressure of a sound is 20 microPa (0.00002); Sound Pressure Level; Measure of amplitude






5. Difference in brightness between land and pit on a CD Physical Format






6. Ultra low- latency - 512- channel (on a gigabit network) - less flexible AoE format; Routed like audio cables...not network cables






7. Measure of the amplitude of a longitudinal wave






8. Sony sigma- delta modulation based technology that bypasses the decimation and interpolation steps found in PCM converters






9. Channels are processed one at a time and the results are stored on multiple CPU buffers that alternately send data as DAW requests the data for playback; First few seconds are relayed to the buffer prior to processing and playback and it continuously






10. A drive that can read and write on optical media that hold up to 50 GB on two layers; 24- bit/96 kHz for 8-Channel; 24- bit/192 kHz for 6-Channel






11. The frequency range that is allowed through a filter






12. AES






13. Process of building a complex tone by starting with the fundamental frequency and adding pure tone harmonics






14. Each bit in the bit depth is equal to a _____ increase in dynamic range






15. Take up half as many bits (50%); Algorithm can keep same quality by lossing the stereo track






16. Decibels Full Scale






17. Industry Standards: -6 dB Peak = -20 RMS Meter






18. Root Mean Square; Refers to taking the square root of all instantaneous amplitudes; Takes the average of those squares; (-6 Peak Level is approximately equal to -20 RMS)






19. Have odd numbered harmonics






20. 15.9 GB; DS/DL






21. Built into DAWs; Bits are added when signals are mixed together to avoid clipping






22. The number of compressions or rarefactions in one second; The higher the frequency the more compressions & rarefactions per second; Measured in Hertz






23. Measures the highest levels of a signal being recorded or mixed; Monitors for clipping - which occurs at 0dBFS); Does not always reflect perceived volume of signal






24. HD Audio format; Lossless Compression; 24- bit/96 kHz; 5.1 Surround or 24- bit / 192 kHz stereo sound






25. Twice as many samples as the highest frequency at minimum; Sampling rate totally controls frequency response






26. Mixing data and control characters in a single operation






27. The process of reducing the space required to store data by efficiently encoding the content.






28. The continuous loss of signal strengths as a signal travels through a medium






29. Number or variable that represents the number of times the base of a power is used as a factor; Defines magnitude






30. (AES/EBU); 110O - 2- channel balanced digital audio cable with an XLR connection; NOT a mic cable!!






31. Six channel (five speakers and one subwoofer for bass) digital surround sound system by Dolby






32. Level above which audible sounds are painful (125 - 130 db)






33. Describes acceptable data - performances both offered and essential for a disc player - and the complete user experience






34. A sample- by- sample operation on two signals






35. Circuit that interprets the meaning of the symbols as they were chosen and arranged by the encode






36. Cable used to transmit data; Inner cable is surrounded by a plastic insulator - which is surrounded by a wire mesh conductor that insulates the internal signal wire from external interference and an outer casing that functions as a ground






37. Very selective method of lowering buffer levels by halting different levels of audio processing






38. Data is transmitted over fiber optic lines; Uses a TOSLINK connecter instead of an RCA type; Can transmit multi- channel audio; Not susceptible to ground hum and loops; Able to support far higher rates of data transfer over greater distances than coa






39. More accuracy in low amplitudes and less in higher amplitudes






40. Pertaining to hearing or sound; Combination of the intensity of air pressure molecules with amplitude






41. Also known as equal loudness curves; Graph that indicates the average ear sensitivity to different frequencies at different SPL levels (as volume increases - these curves flatten out)






42. The act of a frequency swinging back and forth with a steady - uninterrupted rhythm






43. Measuring equipment in A/D conversion that processes voltage and provides a value for that voltage






44. Based on Full Scale (dB/FS); -6dB represents a loss of one bit so account for this when calculating






45. Serial Copy Management System; main difference between AES3 & S/PIDF






46. Anytime bit depth is reduced the gap gets bigger so more dithering is required






47. Sum of all harmonics; Sum of sine and cosine waves which have frequencies f - 2f - 3f - 4f...






48. Very quiet digital amplifier that produces a series of output pulses with the audio signal coded the same as the width of the output pulses; Pulses are used to represent wave forms and are either on or off; Intense signals have long pulses with short






49. Removes high frequency images and noise and smoothes the stair case output coming from of the sample and hold circuit; Also called a SMOOTHING FILTER






50. CBR; Codecs encodes data at a constant rate regardless of density of the audio file







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