Test your basic knowledge |

Digital Audio

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Unit of measurement that is equal to one millionth of a meter






2. Computer program or device capable of encoding and/or decoding a digital data stream with the end result being a reduced file size






3. Inner ear component that attaches to the stapes and helps to decrease the amplitude of vibrations; Causes the masking phenomenon






4. The amount of energy at each wavelength






5. Signal conversions are mixed with playback tracks resulting in near-zero latency






6. Discrete incremental distinctions made between the value of one sample and the next; Breaks down bit depth into a series of evenly spaced intervals






7. CobraNet; EtherSound; Dante; AVB (currently under development)






8. Data transmission protocol over which computer network traffic travels; Poorly suited to real- time transmission but numerous attempts have been made to harness the technology because of its flexible routing; Uses simple Cat5 cabling; Resists interfe






9. Multi-Bit Words; (Pulse Code Modulation)






10. Allows for an internal sample rate at multiples of the input and output rates; Alleviates the need for steep 'brickwall' filters; Often combined with internal '1- bit' processing; Increases smoothing effect






11. Digital Word -> Series of Resistors (each with assigned charges) -> Sample- and-Hold Circuit -> Anti-Imaging Filter (Smoothing Filter) -> Reconstructed Sample






12. 1st commercially successful AoE format for the transmission of digital audio - video - and control signals over 64- channel 100Mbps Ethernet networks






13. Rate at which energy is drawn from a source that produces a flow of electricity in a circuit; Expressed in volts






14. Built into DAWs; Bits are added when signals are mixed together to avoid clipping






15. Used when the reference pressure of a sound is 20 microPa (0.00002); Sound Pressure Level; Measure of amplitude






16. Only 2 digits used; The value of each place (ones - hundreds - etc.) are as follows from greatest to least: 128 - 64 - 32 - 16 - 8 - 4 - 2 - 1






17. Roughly around 1 -130 ft/s






18. Specific set of instructions for carrying out a data reduction technique that determines how to 'save' binary data information efficiently






19. 'Reconstructing' part of digital audio






20. The continuous loss of signal strengths as a signal travels through a medium






21. Have odd numbered harmonics






22. Subtract place values from the decimal number and place ones or zeros in the correct places






23. RAM holds in memory audio data before it is transferred to the memory controller; Certain amount of data is processed before large amounts of data are streamed to prevent latency






24. Sony and Philips optical disc format; Utilizes sigma delta DSD to offer higher resolution; 1- bit; 2.8224 MHz; 6-Channel






25. Reference voltage determined by summing the voltage values of a predetermined number of previous samples; Numbers of 1 in row = waveform peak; Numbers of 0 in row = waveform trough; Basis of Sony's Direct Stream Digital (DSD)






26. How Loud (Y-Axis) & How Fast (X-Axis)






27. Reduces the percieved distortion due to quantization error; Low level white noise source is introduced to make the profile of the quantization 'noise' more irregular; Useful when reducing the number of bits per word in a signal (i.e. when converting






28. HD Audio format; Lossless Compression; 24- bit/96 kHz; 5.1 Surround or 24- bit / 192 kHz stereo sound






29. Difference in brightness between land and pit on a CD Physical Format






30. The more bits allocated during quantization - the more accurate the measurement






31. Series of dots and dashes representing the letters of the alphabet; Most common letters are represented by the shortest dots and dashes; Example of entropy coding






32. Ultra low- latency - 512- channel (on a gigabit network) - less flexible AoE format; Routed like audio cables...not network cables






33. Low Pressure; Part in a longitudinal wave where the particles are spread apart






34. Process of building a complex tone by starting with the fundamental frequency and adding pure tone harmonics






35. Samples are duplicated and the playback sampling rate correspondingly increased; Significantly raises the Nyquist limit to a range well beyond human hearing; Processing 'pushes' the distortion resulting from quantization error into these higher frequ






36. The mathematics - algorithms - and the techniques used to manipulate signals after they have been converted to digital form






37. (Amplitude Based) Amplitude: Voltage; Quantization; Bit Depth; Quantization Intervals; Quantization Noise; [Signal:Quantization Noise Ratio]; Dither; Dynamic Range






38. CBR; Codecs encodes data at a constant rate regardless of density of the audio file






39. Sony sigma- delta modulation based technology that bypasses the decimation and interpolation steps found in PCM converters






40. Joint-Stereo Technique; Since the human brain is unable to localize sounds at high frequencies well sounds above 9 kHz threshold are encoded in mono






41. AES






42. Fractional part of a floating- point number; Also called the mantissa; Defines precision






43. Allowance of noise floor below that which is required for the final product






44. A digital filter's time domain output sequence when the input is a single sample is input






45. Also known as equal loudness curves; Graph that indicates the average ear sensitivity to different frequencies at different SPL levels (as volume increases - these curves flatten out)






46. Perceptual coding technique that uses louder sounds of a similar frequency to decide what information is to be saved during data reduction






47. The process of reducing the space required to store data by efficiently encoding the content.






48. 8- in/8- out on one cable; 25- pin D- sub connector






49. EBU






50. Uses entropy coding as the basis; Computer data compression algorithm that packages files such as .ZIP & .RAR