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Test your basic knowledge |
Digital Audio
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Method of sampling data at a higher resolution (higher sample rate) as a means of reducing harmonic content during D/A conversion; (x2) oversampling gets rid of all odd harmonic content
MONO
Oversampling
Coaxial
Threshold of Hearing
2. Data reduction technique that selectively removes original information in order to significantly reduce the file size; Some data is lost; Files can be reduced up to 99% in size (90% with no perceived sound quality loss); Bit rate effects the perceive
0 dB FS
CPU Buffering
Latency
Lossy
3. Digital (binary) measurements of how long each pulse is either on or off; Width of increasing voltage or decreasing voltage is assigned a 1 or 0 respectively
Sawtooth Wave
Latency
Average Bit Rate
Pulse Width Modulation
4. 8- in/8- out on one cable; 25- pin D- sub connector
Compression
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
SCMS
Sine Wave
5. Measures the highest levels of a signal being recorded or mixed; Monitors for clipping - which occurs at 0dBFS); Does not always reflect perceived volume of signal
Sampling Rule
Peak Level
Zero-Latency Monitoring
Speed of Sound
6. Signal voltage is relayed to a register from sample- and - hold circuit; Holds reference frequencies in binary form that decrease in value; Finds approximated value & assigns binary number accordingly
DVD-18
Successive Approximation
Speed of Sound
Masking Analysis...
7. The frequency above or below which attenuation begins in a filter circuit
Cutoff Frequency
X-Axis Terminology
Decimal- to-Binary Conversion
Compression
8. Governs the frequency response of a digital system; The highest- frequency component that can be captured with a sampling rate; always 1/2 of sampling rate; Also called the limiting frequency
Nyquist Frequency
Exponent
X-Axis Terminology
DVD-5
9. Deviation from a normal - steady pulse or tick of a clock that contributes to misrepresentation of a signal; Result of small timing irregularities that become magnified during the transmission of digital signals as the signals are passed from one dev
European Broadcasting Union
Decimation Filter
Jitter
Anti-Imaging Filter
10. Visual graph that shows how loud a sound is at different frequencies
Transfer Protocol
Overflow
Sonogram
Fourier Series
11. Increases or decreases the digital signal so that the loudest sample is brought up to 0dBfs; Uses all bits from dynamic range and makes it even from track to track
Normalizing
Red Book
Blu-Ray
Digital Signal Processing
12. Computer program or device capable of encoding and/or decoding a digital data stream with the end result being a reduced file size
Lossless
Lightpipe
RMS Meter
Codec
13. Data reduction technique that does not effect quality of original audio; No effect on original quality; Typically around 50% reduction; Exact reconstruction of digital code for the audio signal
Nyquist Frequency
Intensity
Spectra
Lossless
14. 12.33 GB; DS/ML
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
DVD-14
CPU Buffering
Overflow
15. The more bits allocated during quantization - the more accurate the measurement
Stapedes Reflex
Dynamic Range
Bit Depth Effect on Dynamic Range
Speed of Sound
16. (Amplitude Based) Amplitude: Voltage; Quantization; Bit Depth; Quantization Intervals; Quantization Noise; [Signal:Quantization Noise Ratio]; Dither; Dynamic Range
Amplitude Accuracy
Footroom
Y-Axis Terminology
Interleaved
17. Sony and Philips optical disc format; Utilizes sigma delta DSD to offer higher resolution; 1- bit; 2.8224 MHz; 6-Channel
Red Book
SACD
Inter-Channel Redundancy
Sawtooth Wave
18. Ultra low- latency - 512- channel (on a gigabit network) - less flexible AoE format; Routed like audio cables...not network cables
Playback Buffering
EtherSound
Voltage
Sample Rate Effect on Anti-Aliasing
19. Allowance of noise floor below that which is required for the final product
Algorithm
Anti-Imaging Filter
Footroom
X-Axis Terminology
20. 15.9 GB; DS/DL
Redither
DVD-18
Algorithm
Blu-Ray
21. 8.75 GB; DS/SL
Y-Axis Terminology
RMS
Attenuation
DVD-10
22. Very selective method of lowering buffer levels by halting different levels of audio processing
Lossy
Stapedes Reflex
Low-Latency Monitoring
Optical Cable
23. ADPCM; Pulse code modulation that produces a digital signal with a lower bit rate than standard PCM; Records only the difference between samples
Joseph Fourier
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
dB/FS
24. Data is transmitted over fiber optic lines; Uses a TOSLINK connecter instead of an RCA type; Can transmit multi- channel audio; Not susceptible to ground hum and loops; Able to support far higher rates of data transfer over greater distances than coa
Optical Cable
Footroom
Claude Shannon
Logical Format
25. Signal conversions are mixed with playback tracks resulting in near-zero latency
CPU Buffering
Direct Monitoring
Requirements for A/D Conversion
RMS Meter
26. Having a repeated succession of waves or curves as in a sound waveform
Photoreceptor
Storage Conversion Steps
Physical Disc Format
Sinusoidal
27. 16-Bit; 44.1 kHz; PCM; Stereo
Requirements for CD Audio
A/D Conversion
Fletcher- Munson Curve
Oscillation
28. Sony sigma- delta modulation based technology that bypasses the decimation and interpolation steps found in PCM converters
Direct Stream Digital
Nanometer
Foldover
dBFS
29. Fractional part of a floating- point number; Also called the mantissa; Defines precision
RMS Meter
Interpolation Filter
Significand
Interleaved
30. (AES/EBU); 110O - 2- channel balanced digital audio cable with an XLR connection; NOT a mic cable!!
AES3
Physical Disc Format
Lossy Formats
Red Book
31. Ratio of magnitude of the analytical signal to the magnitude of the background noise signal
Sample Rate
Signal- to- Noise Ratio
Sampling (Samples)
Sawtooth Wave
32. The number of compressions or rarefactions in one second; The higher the frequency the more compressions & rarefactions per second; Measured in Hertz
Quantization
Frequency
Internal Resolution
Voltage
33. As sample rate is increased more room is created for a smoother slope of the attenuation band because Nyquist limit extends well beyond range of hearing with each increase
Spectrum Multiplication
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
Oversampling
Sample Rate Effect on Anti-Aliasing
34. EBU
Buffer Size
Joseph Fourier
Fidelity
European Broadcasting Union
35. Have odd numbered harmonics
Latency
Entropy Coding
Effective Bit Depth
Square Wave
36. Level above which audible sounds are painful (125 - 130 db)
Speed of Sound
Interleaved
Threshold of Pain
Playback Buffering
37. Process that begins with a fast FFT analysis of the spectra of two input signals - then the multiplication of like frequencies - and IFFT to finalize the process
Requirements for A/D Conversion
Codec
Sawtooth Wave
Spectrum Multiplication
38. Allows for an internal sample rate at multiples of the input and output rates; Alleviates the need for steep 'brickwall' filters; Often combined with internal '1- bit' processing; Increases smoothing effect
Lossless Formats
Quantizer
Sinusoidal
Oversampling
39. Series of dots and dashes representing the letters of the alphabet; Most common letters are represented by the shortest dots and dashes; Example of entropy coding
Quantization
Threshold of Pain
Morse Code
Joseph Fourier
40. Used as the main disc from which other discs are made; Composed of ground glass with a very fine photoresistor layer; An imaging laser burns pit and land patterns in preparation for duplication
CPU Buffering
Glass Master
dBFS
0 dB FS
41. Decibels Full Scale
Lossless Formats
A/D Conversion
dBFS
Additive Synthesis...
42. Circuit that interprets the meaning of the symbols as they were chosen and arranged by the encode
Decoder
Pulse Code Modulation
Perceptual Coding
0 dB FS
43. Algorithm uses matrix of a mid/side microphone pair to determine a side signal & that signal is reduced then distributed as code in stereo
Inter-Channel Redundancy
Fourier Series
M-S Stereo
Lossless Formats
44. Full Scale; Type of metering that measures level in digital recording system; Recording and Mixing levels should NEVER exceed 0dB FS in digital audio or clipping will occur
Sample Rate Effect on Anti-Aliasing
Entropy Coding
dB/FS
Subbands
45. Represents the amplitude component of the digital sampling process; Technique of incrementing a continuous analog event into a discrete set of binary digits (bits)
Lossy Formats
Quantization
Micron
A/D Conversion Signal Flow
46. More aggressive lossy data reduction techniques that require further manipulation of the stereo field; Examples are 'Intensity' & 'M-S'
Joint Stereo
Quantization Intervals
Joseph Fourier
Voltage
47. RAM holds in memory audio data before it is transferred to the memory controller; Certain amount of data is processed before large amounts of data are streamed to prevent latency
SACD
6 dB
Buffering
Speed of Sound
48. Signal that uses variable voltage to create continuous waves resulting in an inexact transmission
Audio Engineering Society
Y-Axis Terminology
Effective Bit Depth
Analog
49. Based on psychoacoustics - these are the basis of frequency analysis for a perceptual codec;
Subbands
RMS
Word Clock
Spectrum Multiplication
50. Describes acceptable data - performances both offered and essential for a disc player - and the complete user experience
Spectra
Psychoacoustics
dBFS
Logical Format