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Digital Audio

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Eight channel digital surround sound system by Dolby






2. Used as the main disc from which other discs are made; Composed of ground glass with a very fine photoresistor layer; An imaging laser burns pit and land patterns in preparation for duplication






3. Based on Full Scale (dB/FS); -6dB represents a loss of one bit so account for this when calculating






4. The ability of a digital system to perform complex DSP without running into problems with overflow or loss of resolution






5. Process that begins with a fast FFT analysis of the spectra of two input signals - then the multiplication of like frequencies - and IFFT to finalize the process






6. Increases D/A sample rate from nominal rate to oversampling rate by turning series multi- bit PCM samples into 1- bit samples; (ex. => 44.1kHz sample rate converted to 2.8MHz and simultaneously converts multi- bit samples to 1- bit); Low Pass Filter






7. (Time Based) Frequency: Aliasing; Anti-Aliasing Filter; Sample Rate; Nyquist Limit






8. Number of bits per second processed when sampling sound; (Sampling Rate x Bit Depth) = Resolution






9. Discrete incremental distinctions made between the value of one sample and the next; Breaks down bit depth into a series of evenly spaced intervals






10. Uses entropy coding as the basis; Computer data compression algorithm that packages files such as .ZIP & .RAR






11. MPEG; Standardizing body of audio coding






12. Based on psychoacoustics - these are the basis of frequency analysis for a perceptual codec;






13. The difference in volume between the loudest and quietest sounds of a source






14. The continuous loss of signal strengths as a signal travels through a medium






15. Same as 'aliasing'






16. 12cm plastic disc; 1.2mm thick; One- sided; Red Laser; 1.6 microns between tracks; 125 nanometer pits






17. Measuring equipment in A/D conversion that processes voltage and provides a value for that voltage






18. Deviation from a normal - steady pulse or tick of a clock that contributes to misrepresentation of a signal; Result of small timing irregularities that become magnified during the transmission of digital signals as the signals are passed from one dev






19. High Pressure - Part of a longitudinal wave where the particles of the medium are close together






20. Describes various optical disc characteristics including the size and shape of the disc - the size of pits - the speed at which the disc spins - and a multitude of aspects regarding the specifications of the player itself






21. Signal voltage is relayed to a register from sample- and - hold circuit; Holds reference frequencies in binary form that decrease in value; Finds approximated value & assigns binary number accordingly






22. Algorithm uses matrix of a mid/side microphone pair to determine a side signal & that signal is reduced then distributed as code in stereo






23. 'Reconstructing' part of digital audio






24. Circuit that interprets the meaning of the symbols as they were chosen and arranged by the encode






25. Inner ear component that attaches to the stapes and helps to decrease the amplitude of vibrations; Causes the masking phenomenon






26. Measurement at regular intervals of the amplitude of a varying waveform (in order to convert it to digital form); There must be a minimum of 2 samples for each cycle in a waveform






27. Cable used to transmit data; Inner cable is surrounded by a plastic insulator - which is surrounded by a wire mesh conductor that insulates the internal signal wire from external interference and an outer casing that functions as a ground






28. Defines the number of sample per second taken from a continuous signal to make a discrete signal; Governs the frequency response of digital audio






29. A time regulator that makes all samples and bits to align when working with interconnected digital devices; Basically a signal that all of the digital devices refer to when operating.






30. Measures the highest levels of a signal being recorded or mixed; Monitors for clipping - which occurs at 0dBFS); Does not always reflect perceived volume of signal






31. Signal conversions are mixed with playback tracks resulting in near-zero latency






32. (AES/EBU); 110O - 2- channel balanced digital audio cable with an XLR connection; NOT a mic cable!!






33. Circuit that seizes voltage values with each tick of an A/D device's internal clock






34. Digital Word -> Series of Resistors (each with assigned charges) -> Sample- and-Hold Circuit -> Anti-Imaging Filter (Smoothing Filter) -> Reconstructed Sample






35. Have odd numbered harmonics






36. ADAT Optcal; 8- in/8- out on two cables; Fiber- optic - TOSLINK connector






37. Having a repeated succession of waves or curves as in a sound waveform






38. Method of sampling data at a higher resolution (higher sample rate) as a means of reducing harmonic content during D/A conversion; (x2) oversampling gets rid of all odd harmonic content






39. A sample- by- sample operation on two signals






40. Industry Standards: -6 dB Peak = -20 RMS Meter






41. Allowance of noise floor below that which is required for the final product






42. A digital filter's time domain output sequence when the input is a single sample is input






43. 15.9 GB; DS/DL






44. The difference between the analog value and the approximated digital value due to the 'rounding' that occurs while converting the analog signal to digital






45. Decibels Full Scale






46. Reference voltage determined by summing the voltage values of a predetermined number of previous samples; Numbers of 1 in row = waveform peak; Numbers of 0 in row = waveform trough; Basis of Sony's Direct Stream Digital (DSD)






47. Eliminates frequencies above the Nyquist limit from becoming samples; Occurs prior to quantization






48. A situation where a calculated value cannot fit into the number of digits reserved for it






49. Reduces the percieved distortion due to quantization error; Low level white noise source is introduced to make the profile of the quantization 'noise' more irregular; Useful when reducing the number of bits per word in a signal (i.e. when converting






50. A drive that can read and write on optical media that hold up to 50 GB on two layers; 24- bit/96 kHz for 8-Channel; 24- bit/192 kHz for 6-Channel






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