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Test your basic knowledge |
Digital Audio
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Overtones that contribute to the timbre of a sound and make up a complex waveform's physical characteristics
Foldover
Harmonic Content
Compression
RMS
2. Increases D/A sample rate from nominal rate to oversampling rate by turning series multi- bit PCM samples into 1- bit samples; (ex. => 44.1kHz sample rate converted to 2.8MHz and simultaneously converts multi- bit samples to 1- bit); Low Pass Filter
Photoreceptor
Interpolation Filter
Footroom
Lossy
3. Stores only one copy of a stereo signal and assigns it to both channels in order to save 50% of original bandwidth
Sampling (Samples)
Class - D Amplifier
Inter-Channel Redundancy
Low-Latency Monitoring
4. A sample- by- sample operation on two signals
Stapedes Reflex
Convolution
Logical Format
Direct Stream Digital
5. Joint-Stereo Technique; Since the human brain is unable to localize sounds at high frequencies well sounds above 9 kHz threshold are encoded in mono
Y-Axis Terminology
Normalizing
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
Intensity Stereo
6. Only 2 digits used; The value of each place (ones - hundreds - etc.) are as follows from greatest to least: 128 - 64 - 32 - 16 - 8 - 4 - 2 - 1
Subbands
Audio Engineering Society
Base 2 System
Bit Depth Effect on Dynamic Range
7. Perceptual coding technique that uses louder sounds of a similar frequency to decide what information is to be saved during data reduction
Masking Analysis...
Y-Axis Terminology
Stapedes Reflex
Headroom Bits
8. Digital and analog processing capability is combined on a single microchip allowing for 1- bit resolution at high sample rates
Delta-Sigma Modulation
Multichannel Audio Digital Interface (MADI)
Square Wave
Lossless
9. Removes high frequency images and noise and smoothes the stair case output coming from of the sample and hold circuit; Also called a SMOOTHING FILTER
Anti-Imaging Filter
Compression
Convolution
Decimal- to-Binary Conversion
10. Also known as equal loudness curves; Graph that indicates the average ear sensitivity to different frequencies at different SPL levels (as volume increases - these curves flatten out)
Logical Format
Overflow
Lossy Formats
Fletcher- Munson Curve
11. A drive that can read and write on optical media that hold up to 50 GB on two layers; 24- bit/96 kHz for 8-Channel; 24- bit/192 kHz for 6-Channel
Blu-Ray
Harmonic Content
Compression
Bit Rate
12. Measure of the amplitude of a longitudinal wave
Intensity
Oscillation
TOSLINK
Pulse Code Modulation
13. Unit of measurement that is equal to one millionth of a meter
dBFS
Micron
Voltage
Overflow
14. Take up half as many bits (50%); Algorithm can keep same quality by lossing the stereo track
MONO
6 dB
Dynamic Range
DVD-18
15. The continuous loss of signal strengths as a signal travels through a medium
Buffer Size
Oscillation
Nanometer
Attenuation
16. Channels are processed one at a time and the results are stored on multiple CPU buffers that alternately send data as DAW requests the data for playback; First few seconds are relayed to the buffer prior to processing and playback and it continuously
Sampling Theorem
CPU Buffering
Quantization
DVD-5
17. Branch of psychology concerned with the subjective perception of sound
DVD-18
Data Packing
Psychoacoustics
RMS
18. AAC (Advanced Audio Coding); MP3; RA; WMA; OGG Vorbis; Dolby Digital/AC-3; DTS; ADPCM
Resolution
Signal- to- Noise Ratio
Physical Disc Format
Lossy Formats
19. Difference in brightness between land and pit on a CD Physical Format
Additive Synthesis...
Index of Reflectivity
Spectra
6 dB
20. Digital Word -> Series of Resistors (each with assigned charges) -> Sample- and-Hold Circuit -> Anti-Imaging Filter (Smoothing Filter) -> Reconstructed Sample
Floating Point
D/A Conversion Signal Flow
Amplitude Accuracy
Entropy Coding
21. When recording you want the smallest buffer available; When mixing you want the largest buffer available
Buffer Size
Entropy Coding
Subbands
Fourier Series
22. Describes acceptable data - performances both offered and essential for a disc player - and the complete user experience
Logical Format
Acoustics
Rarefaction
Constant Bit Rate
23. Roughly around 1 -130 ft/s
Redither
DVD-14
Speed of Sound
Decoder
24. Used when the reference pressure of a sound is 20 microPa (0.00002); Sound Pressure Level; Measure of amplitude
Sony-Philips Digital Interface Format (S/PDIF)
Joseph Fourier
dB/SPL
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
25. Circuit that seizes voltage values with each tick of an A/D device's internal clock
Requirements for CD Audio
Speed of Sound
Pulse Density Modulation
Sample- and-Hold
26. EDL; Final list of samples used in the audio editing process; Identified by time code
Footroom
Edit Decision List
Normalizing
Intensity Stereo
27. A time regulator that makes all samples and bits to align when working with interconnected digital devices; Basically a signal that all of the digital devices refer to when operating.
Bit Depth Effect on Dynamic Range
DVD-5
Word Clock
Ethernet
28. Method used in digital recording and reproduction in which a signal is sampled at various points and the resulting value is translated into binary numbers
Direct Stream Digital
Cutoff Frequency
Pulse Code Modulation
Dynamic Range
29. Toshiba developed digital audio interface utilizes fiber optics as a transmission medium.
Attenuation
dB/SPL
Low-Latency Monitoring
TOSLINK
30. Increases or decreases the digital signal so that the loudest sample is brought up to 0dBfs; Uses all bits from dynamic range and makes it even from track to track
Bit Depth Effect on Dynamic Range
Normalizing
Oversampling
Interpolation Filter
31. Process that begins with a fast FFT analysis of the spectra of two input signals - then the multiplication of like frequencies - and IFFT to finalize the process
Harry Nyquist
Spectrum Multiplication
Quantization
Lossless Formats
32. ABR; Codecs that encode data by determining how dense or sparse areas of the audio are while also keeping bit rate within specified limits to avoid rebuffering
Photoreceptor
Average Bit Rate
Rarefaction
Fourier Series
33. The frequency above or below which attenuation begins in a filter circuit
Harmonic Content
Variable Bit Rate
Aliasing
Cutoff Frequency
34. Electromagnetic receptor that detects the radiation known as visible light
CPU Buffering
Bit Depth
Photoreceptor
Low-Latency Monitoring
35. The loudest point of a Full Scale system
Physical Disc Format
Significand
Harmonic Content
0 dB FS
36. Reduces the percieved distortion due to quantization error; Low level white noise source is introduced to make the profile of the quantization 'noise' more irregular; Useful when reducing the number of bits per word in a signal (i.e. when converting
A/D Conversion
Dithering
Pulse Code Modulation
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
37. Number of bits per second processed when sampling sound; (Sampling Rate x Bit Depth) = Resolution
Ethernet
Bit Rate
Convolution
Sine Wave
38. CobraNet; EtherSound; Dante; AVB (currently under development)
AoE Formats
Pad Head & Tail
Dynamic Range
DVD-9
39. The difference between the analog value and the approximated digital value due to the 'rounding' that occurs while converting the analog signal to digital
Latency
Quantization Error
Internal Resolution
M-S Stereo
40. Describes various optical disc characteristics including the size and shape of the disc - the size of pits - the speed at which the disc spins - and a multitude of aspects regarding the specifications of the player itself
Intensity Stereo
Digital Signal Processing
Harry Nyquist
Physical Disc Format
41. Have odd numbered harmonics
D/A Conversion
I/O Connection Buffering
dBFS
Square Wave
42. Softest sound that can be heard by the average human ear (0 dB)
Threshold of Hearing
I/O Connection Buffering
Psychoacoustics
Optical Cable
43. The more bits allocated during quantization - the more accurate the measurement
Noise Shaping
Masking Analysis...
Sonogram
Bit Depth Effect on Dynamic Range
44. Fractional part of a floating- point number; Also called the mantissa; Defines precision
Significand
Gain Staging
0 dB FS
Threshold of Hearing
45. How Loud (Y-Axis) & How Fast (X-Axis)
Voltage
Blu-Ray
2 Dimensions of Sound
Direct Stream Digital
46. Reference voltage determined by summing the voltage values of a predetermined number of previous samples; Numbers of 1 in row = waveform peak; Numbers of 0 in row = waveform trough; Basis of Sony's Direct Stream Digital (DSD)
Pulse Density Modulation
Compression
Floating Point
SACD
47. Single- pin RCA cable or fiber- optic TOSLINK connector used for digital transfer; 75O coaxial - 2- channel unbalanced; 'Consumer' format of AES3
Sony-Philips Digital Interface Format (S/PDIF)
Variable Bit Rate
dBFS
Sampling Rule
48. Serial Copy Management System; main difference between AES3 & S/PIDF
SCMS
Sample- and-Hold
Nyquist Frequency
Average Bit Rate
49. Contains all even and odd harmonics associated with a fundamental tone - making it a rich source for modeling other sounds; Amplitude of each overtone decreases exponentially as a ratio of the harmonic's frequency to that of the fundamental
Sawtooth Wave
DVD-Audio
Overflow
Resolution
50. The number of compressions or rarefactions in one second; The higher the frequency the more compressions & rarefactions per second; Measured in Hertz
Quantizer
Quantization
Frequency
Additive Synthesis...