SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Digital Audio
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 12.33 GB; DS/ML
DVD-9
Multichannel Audio Digital Interface (MADI)
Psychoacoustics
DVD-14
2. Defines the number of sample per second taken from a continuous signal to make a discrete signal; Governs the frequency response of digital audio
Sample Rate
Effective Bit Depth
dB/FS
Claude Shannon
3. Rate at which energy is drawn from a source that produces a flow of electricity in a circuit; Expressed in volts
Exponent
Logical Format
Base 2 System
Voltage
4. Difference in brightness between land and pit on a CD Physical Format
Sampling (Samples)
Redither
Dolby 7.1
Index of Reflectivity
5. Waveform of a pure tone showing simple harmonic motion
Oversampling
Sine Wave
Floating Point
Quantization
6. Cable used to transmit data; Inner cable is surrounded by a plastic insulator - which is surrounded by a wire mesh conductor that insulates the internal signal wire from external interference and an outer casing that functions as a ground
Coaxial
Amplitude Accuracy
Psychoacoustics
Additive Synthesis...
7. Measurement at regular intervals of the amplitude of a varying waveform (in order to convert it to digital form); There must be a minimum of 2 samples for each cycle in a waveform
Quantization Error
Sampling (Samples)
Analog
Quantization
8. A time regulator that makes all samples and bits to align when working with interconnected digital devices; Basically a signal that all of the digital devices refer to when operating.
Lightpipe
Equal Loudness Contour
Harry Nyquist
Word Clock
9. 1.) Taking a series of evenly- spaced measurements 2.) Signal contains no frequency components higher than half the sample rate
6 dB
CobraNet
Requirements for A/D Conversion
Noise Shaping
10. The loudest point of a Full Scale system
0 dB FS
Digital Signal Processing
Fletcher- Munson Curve
Pad Head & Tail
11. Reference voltage determined by summing the voltage values of a predetermined number of previous samples; Numbers of 1 in row = waveform peak; Numbers of 0 in row = waveform trough; Basis of Sony's Direct Stream Digital (DSD)
Signal- to- Noise Ratio
Index of Reflectivity
Pulse Density Modulation
Amplitude Accuracy
12. Method of representing an acoustic quantity with a series of binary numbers; Can have only specific individually distinct values
Sine Wave
Buffering Locations
Digital
PCM
13. Data transmission protocol over which computer network traffic travels; Poorly suited to real- time transmission but numerous attempts have been made to harness the technology because of its flexible routing; Uses simple Cat5 cabling; Resists interfe
Impulse Response
Dolby 5.1
Variable Bit Rate
Audio over Ethernet (AoE)
14. Represents the amplitude component of the digital sampling process; Technique of incrementing a continuous analog event into a discrete set of binary digits (bits)
Buffering
Lightpipe
Transfer Protocol
Quantization
15. Full Scale; Type of metering that measures level in digital recording system; Recording and Mixing levels should NEVER exceed 0dB FS in digital audio or clipping will occur
Masking Analysis...
Decimal- to-Binary Conversion
dB/FS
Subbands
16. In order to play multiple channels at one time data is buffered as read to disk; Latency happens between play command & beginning of playback
Impulse Response
Algorithm
Playback Buffering
Square Wave
17. Number of bits used to represent the smallest unit of information in an audio file; Greater bit depth = better quality audio
Bit Depth
Exponent
Pass Band
Stapedes Reflex
18. DAW's and software must buffer when converting or bouncing and this latency can add up if not monitored
Conversion Buffering
Zero-Latency Monitoring
Internal Resolution
PCM
19. CBR; Codecs encodes data at a constant rate regardless of density of the audio file
Lossless
Headroom Bits
Constant Bit Rate
Nanometer
20. High Pressure - Part of a longitudinal wave where the particles of the medium are close together
Resolution
Compression
Floating Point
Effective Bit Depth
21. Father of modern information theory; Solidified the Nyquist Theory by adding the concept that bits per second (binary representation of audio signals) must be at equal intervals to accurately represent data
Claude Shannon
Coaxial
Micron
Buffer Size
22. A sample- by- sample operation on two signals
Lossy
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
Convolution
CPU Buffering
23. Same as 'aliasing'
Oversampling
AES3
Foldover
Index of Reflectivity
24. Based on Full Scale (dB/FS); -6dB represents a loss of one bit so account for this when calculating
Dolby 7.1
Effective Bit Depth
Quantization Error
Lossy
25. AES
Micron
Stapedes Reflex
Nanometer
Audio Engineering Society
26. Serial Copy Management System; main difference between AES3 & S/PIDF
Threshold of Hearing
SCMS
Foldover
Lossy Formats
27. Sony sigma- delta modulation based technology that bypasses the decimation and interpolation steps found in PCM converters
Dolby 7.1
Quantizer
Peak Level
Direct Stream Digital
28. High channel count; 64 channels on one cable; Coaxial cable with BNC connector or fiber optic with ST1 connector
Sampling (Samples)
Oscillation
Multichannel Audio Digital Interface (MADI)
Spectra
29. Stores only one copy of a stereo signal and assigns it to both channels in order to save 50% of original bandwidth
Inter-Channel Redundancy
Sampling Theorem
Aliasing
Equal Loudness Contour
30. Signal that uses variable voltage to create continuous waves resulting in an inexact transmission
Sine Wave
RMS
Analog
Interleaved
31. RAM holds in memory audio data before it is transferred to the memory controller; Certain amount of data is processed before large amounts of data are streamed to prevent latency
Lossy
Internal Resolution
Buffering
Psychoacoustics
32. Reduces the percieved distortion due to quantization error; Low level white noise source is introduced to make the profile of the quantization 'noise' more irregular; Useful when reducing the number of bits per word in a signal (i.e. when converting
Photoreceptor
Oversampling
Claude Shannon
Dithering
33. VBR; Most common & best data reduction technique; Codecs that encode data by determining how dense or sparse areas of the audio are; Can result in buffering issues
Variable Bit Rate
Blu-Ray
Spectrum Multiplication
Index of Reflectivity
34. Computer program or device capable of encoding and/or decoding a digital data stream with the end result being a reduced file size
Sampling Theorem
Bit Depth Effect on Dynamic Range
Decimation Filter
Codec
35. Process of building a complex tone by starting with the fundamental frequency and adding pure tone harmonics
Additive Synthesis...
Signal- to- Noise Ratio
Joint Stereo
Dolby 7.1
36. 1st commercially successful AoE format for the transmission of digital audio - video - and control signals over 64- channel 100Mbps Ethernet networks
Index of Reflectivity
Spectra
Normalizing
CobraNet
37. Signal conversions are mixed with playback tracks resulting in near-zero latency
Logical Format
Constant Bit Rate
MONO
Direct Monitoring
38. Data reduction technique that does not effect quality of original audio; No effect on original quality; Typically around 50% reduction; Exact reconstruction of digital code for the audio signal
Base 2 System
Nyquist Frequency
Sampling (Samples)
Lossless
39. A frequency specified for a filter (digital or electronic) the marks the point at which the frequency content of a signal is altered +/- 3dB
Cutoff Frequency
Decimal- to-Binary Conversion
Physical Disc Format
Blu-Ray
40. The elapsed time it takes for a packet of data to arrive at its destination; Lagging or pause of an audio signal as digital processing occurs; Can be managed utilizing several forms of 'audio monitoring'
European Broadcasting Union
Latency
Joseph Fourier
Voltage
41. Eight channel digital surround sound system by Dolby
Dolby 7.1
Latency
Attenuation
Physical Disc Format
42. Visual graph that shows how loud a sound is at different frequencies
Voltage
Direct Stream Digital
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
Sonogram
43. Deviation from a normal - steady pulse or tick of a clock that contributes to misrepresentation of a signal; Result of small timing irregularities that become magnified during the transmission of digital signals as the signals are passed from one dev
Sinusoidal
Oversampling
Jitter
A/D Conversion Signal Flow
44. The more bits allocated during quantization - the more accurate the measurement
Lossy Formats
Physical Disc Format
Bit Depth Effect on Dynamic Range
Audio over Ethernet (AoE)
45. Measure of sound pressure over the frequency spectrum - for which a listener perceives a constant loudness when presented with pure steady tones
Headroom Bits
Equal Loudness Contour
0 dB FS
AES3
46. Branch of psychology concerned with the subjective perception of sound
Psychoacoustics
Coaxial
Sample Rate
CPU Buffering
47. Softest sound that can be heard by the average human ear (0 dB)
Nyquist Frequency
Compression
Threshold of Hearing
Amplitude Accuracy
48. EBU
European Broadcasting Union
Claude Shannon
Foldover
I/O Connection Buffering
49. Sony and Philips optical disc format; Utilizes sigma delta DSD to offer higher resolution; 1- bit; 2.8224 MHz; 6-Channel
SACD
Claude Shannon
Dolby 7.1
TOSLINK
50. Digital Word -> Series of Resistors (each with assigned charges) -> Sample- and-Hold Circuit -> Anti-Imaging Filter (Smoothing Filter) -> Reconstructed Sample
Sample- and-Hold
Data Packing
D/A Conversion Signal Flow
Threshold of Hearing