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Test your basic knowledge |
Digital Audio
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Toshiba developed digital audio interface utilizes fiber optics as a transmission medium.
6 dB
Dolby 5.1
Sampling (Samples)
TOSLINK
2. Eight channel digital surround sound system by Dolby
Frequency
Sonogram
Dolby 7.1
DVD-10
3. 1.) Taking a series of evenly- spaced measurements 2.) Signal contains no frequency components higher than half the sample rate
Harry Nyquist
Frames
Requirements for A/D Conversion
Transfer Protocol
4. More aggressive lossy data reduction techniques that require further manipulation of the stereo field; Examples are 'Intensity' & 'M-S'
Sampling Theorem
Constant Bit Rate
Joint Stereo
Quantization Intervals
5. Increases D/A sample rate from nominal rate to oversampling rate by turning series multi- bit PCM samples into 1- bit samples; (ex. => 44.1kHz sample rate converted to 2.8MHz and simultaneously converts multi- bit samples to 1- bit); Low Pass Filter
Cutoff Frequency
Y-Axis Terminology
D/A Conversion
Interpolation Filter
6. Based on psychoacoustics - these are the basis of frequency analysis for a perceptual codec;
Subbands
Compression
Joseph Fourier
AoE Formats
7. High Pressure - Part of a longitudinal wave where the particles of the medium are close together
Acoustics
Dithering
Fletcher- Munson Curve
Compression
8. Electromagnetic receptor that detects the radiation known as visible light
Delta-Sigma Modulation
Photoreceptor
RMS
Red Book
9. Fractional part of a floating- point number; Also called the mantissa; Defines precision
Significand
6 dB
Fletcher- Munson Curve
Sampling Rule
10. As sample rate is increased more room is created for a smoother slope of the attenuation band because Nyquist limit extends well beyond range of hearing with each increase
Anti-Imaging Filter
Dynamic Range
Sample Rate Effect on Anti-Aliasing
Quantization
11. Algorithm uses matrix of a mid/side microphone pair to determine a side signal & that signal is reduced then distributed as code in stereo
Sony-Philips Digital Interface Format (S/PDIF)
M-S Stereo
Frequency
Internal Resolution
12. A sample- by- sample operation on two signals
Convolution
Overflow
Impulse Response
AoE Formats
13. Most significant lossless coding technique in current use; Measure of disorder in which long strings of data are represented by short symbols and uses the shortest symbols to represent the most common repetitive audio data maximizing data reduction
Significand
Sampling (Samples)
DVD-14
Entropy Coding
14. (Amplitude Based) Amplitude: Voltage; Quantization; Bit Depth; Quantization Intervals; Quantization Noise; [Signal:Quantization Noise Ratio]; Dither; Dynamic Range
Y-Axis Terminology
Algorithm
Oversampling
Intensity
15. The art of deciding where to place a processor in signal flow based on how that processor will be influenced by the other processors in the path
Motion Pictures Experts Group
Masking Analysis...
Gain Staging
Amplitude Accuracy
16. Used as the main disc from which other discs are made; Composed of ground glass with a very fine photoresistor layer; An imaging laser burns pit and land patterns in preparation for duplication
Additive Synthesis...
Buffering Locations
CPU Buffering
Glass Master
17. Multi-Bit Words; (Pulse Code Modulation)
Y-Axis Terminology
Nyquist Frequency
Compression
PCM
18. Allowance of noise floor below that which is required for the final product
Effective Bit Depth
AES3
Buffer Size
Footroom
19. The loudest point of a Full Scale system
Quantization Intervals
0 dB FS
Sonogram
Requirements for CD Audio
20. 15.9 GB; DS/DL
DVD-18
A/D Conversion Signal Flow
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
SCMS
21. 7.95 GB; SS/DL
Lossy
DVD-9
Amplitude Accuracy
Transfer Protocol
22. Reference voltage determined by summing the voltage values of a predetermined number of previous samples; Numbers of 1 in row = waveform peak; Numbers of 0 in row = waveform trough; Basis of Sony's Direct Stream Digital (DSD)
Spectra
Pulse Density Modulation
Transfer Protocol
Decimal- to-Binary Conversion
23. A method of representing real numbers using a mantissa and an exponent
Edit Decision List
Digital
Floating Point
Photoreceptor
24. The continuous loss of signal strengths as a signal travels through a medium
Attenuation
Quantization Intervals
Blu-Ray
Coaxial
25. Having a repeated succession of waves or curves as in a sound waveform
Subbands
Anti-Aliasing Filter
Resolution
Sinusoidal
26. CBR; Codecs encodes data at a constant rate regardless of density of the audio file
Decimation Filter
Constant Bit Rate
DVD-18
Quantization Intervals
27. Measures the highest levels of a signal being recorded or mixed; Monitors for clipping - which occurs at 0dBFS); Does not always reflect perceived volume of signal
D/A Conversion
AES3
Peak Level
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
28. Occurs as data is assembled into meaningful bits or information and as left & right channels are separated
Noise Shaping
Fourier Series
I/O Connection Buffering
Sampling Theorem
29. The frequency range that is allowed through a filter
Pass Band
A/D Conversion
DVD-14
Resolution
30. Apple Lossless; Windows Media Lossless; DTS HD Master Audio; Dolby True HD; FLAC
Sine Wave
Variable Bit Rate
Bit Depth Effect on Dynamic Range
Lossless Formats
31. Sum of all harmonics; Sum of sine and cosine waves which have frequencies f - 2f - 3f - 4f...
Sawtooth Wave
RMS
Dolby 7.1
Fourier Series
32. Roughly around 1 -130 ft/s
Storage Conversion Steps
Latency
Harmonic Content
Speed of Sound
33. The process of reducing the space required to store data by efficiently encoding the content.
Buffer Size
Recording Levels
Compression
Logical Format
34. Discrete incremental distinctions made between the value of one sample and the next; Breaks down bit depth into a series of evenly spaced intervals
Pulse Code Modulation
Audio over Ethernet (AoE)
Quantization Intervals
X-Axis Terminology
35. Removes high frequency images and noise and smoothes the stair case output coming from of the sample and hold circuit; Also called a SMOOTHING FILTER
Anti-Aliasing Filter
Pad Head & Tail
Word Clock
Anti-Imaging Filter
36. ADPCM; Pulse code modulation that produces a digital signal with a lower bit rate than standard PCM; Records only the difference between samples
PCM
Fletcher- Munson Curve
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
Pass Band
37. Sony and Philips optical disc format; Utilizes sigma delta DSD to offer higher resolution; 1- bit; 2.8224 MHz; 6-Channel
SACD
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
Conversion Buffering
Pad Head & Tail
38. Unit of measurement that is equal to one billionth of a meter
Noise Shaping
Audio over Ethernet (AoE)
Threshold of Hearing
Nanometer
39. Sony sigma- delta modulation based technology that bypasses the decimation and interpolation steps found in PCM converters
Direct Stream Digital
Claude Shannon
Playback Buffering
Nanometer
40. Contains all even and odd harmonics associated with a fundamental tone - making it a rich source for modeling other sounds; Amplitude of each overtone decreases exponentially as a ratio of the harmonic's frequency to that of the fundamental
Buffer Size
Sawtooth Wave
Quantization Intervals
Signal- to- Noise Ratio
41. Number or variable that represents the number of times the base of a power is used as a factor; Defines magnitude
Intensity
Sinusoidal
Sample Rate Effect on Anti-Aliasing
Exponent
42. Pertaining to hearing or sound; Combination of the intensity of air pressure molecules with amplitude
Lossless Formats
AES3
Acoustics
SACD
43. Playback; I/O Connections; CPU (Streaming); Conversion from DAW or Software
Sample Rate
Fourier Series
Zero-Latency Monitoring
Buffering Locations
44. A drive that can read and write on optical media that hold up to 50 GB on two layers; 24- bit/96 kHz for 8-Channel; 24- bit/192 kHz for 6-Channel
Pulse Density Modulation
Blu-Ray
CPU Buffering
SACD
45. 16-Bit; 44.1 kHz; PCM; Stereo
0 dB FS
Blu-Ray
Masking Analysis...
Requirements for CD Audio
46. Lossless Format; Can hold up to 25GB on a single- layer disc and 50GB on a dual- layer disc
Blu-Ray
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
Significand
AoE Formats
47. Data is transmitted over fiber optic lines; Uses a TOSLINK connecter instead of an RCA type; Can transmit multi- channel audio; Not susceptible to ground hum and loops; Able to support far higher rates of data transfer over greater distances than coa
Quantization
Frames
Lossless
Optical Cable
48. Specific set of instructions for carrying out a data reduction technique that determines how to 'save' binary data information efficiently
Perceptual Coding
Algorithm
Sonogram
Entropy Coding
49. Voltage -> Dither -> Anti-Aliasing (Low Pass Filter) -> Sample & Hold Circuit -> Successive Approximation/Quantizer --) 100111010 (PCM Audio File)
Pulse Width Modulation
Requirements for A/D Conversion
A/D Conversion Signal Flow
0 dB FS
50. Number of bits per second processed when sampling sound; (Sampling Rate x Bit Depth) = Resolution
Inter-Channel Redundancy
Pulse Density Modulation
Bit Rate
Bit Depth