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Test your basic knowledge |
Digital Audio
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Accuracy with which an electronic system reproduces the sound or image of its input signal
Harry Nyquist
Fidelity
SCMS
Decimal- to-Binary Conversion
2. Low Pressure; Part in a longitudinal wave where the particles are spread apart
Word Clock
Playback Buffering
Rarefaction
SACD
3. Cable used to transmit data; Inner cable is surrounded by a plastic insulator - which is surrounded by a wire mesh conductor that insulates the internal signal wire from external interference and an outer casing that functions as a ground
Logical Format
Coaxial
Glass Master
Fidelity
4. Describes acceptable data - performances both offered and essential for a disc player - and the complete user experience
Quantization Intervals
Logical Format
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
Sample- and-Hold
5. Removes high frequency images and noise and smoothes the stair case output coming from of the sample and hold circuit; Also called a SMOOTHING FILTER
Psychoacoustics
Rarefaction
Sample- and-Hold
Anti-Imaging Filter
6. Psychoacoustic model of data reduction used for general audio compression that aims to transmit only features perceptible to the human ear; Useful for mastering streaming media
Perceptual Coding
Digital
Tascam Digital Interface Format (TDIF)
Footroom
7. Samples are duplicated and the playback sampling rate correspondingly increased; Significantly raises the Nyquist limit to a range well beyond human hearing; Processing 'pushes' the distortion resulting from quantization error into these higher frequ
Quantization Intervals
Noise Shaping
Direct Stream Digital
Sampling Theorem
8. A situation where a calculated value cannot fit into the number of digits reserved for it
Buffer Size
Frames
DVD-18
Overflow
9. The loudest point of a Full Scale system
0 dB FS
Sample- and-Hold
Rarefaction
Voltage
10. Amplitude meter that takes the square root of all instantaneous amplitudes and averages them to find a mean and squares that value; Useful with particularly complex waveforms
Square Wave
Quantization Error
Nanometer
RMS Meter
11. Joint-Stereo Technique; Since the human brain is unable to localize sounds at high frequencies well sounds above 9 kHz threshold are encoded in mono
Lightpipe
Intensity Stereo
Attenuation
Interleaved
12. Specific set of instructions for carrying out a data reduction technique that determines how to 'save' binary data information efficiently
Harry Nyquist
Algorithm
Variable Bit Rate
Decimation Filter
13. Voltage -> Dither -> Anti-Aliasing (Low Pass Filter) -> Sample & Hold Circuit -> Successive Approximation/Quantizer --) 100111010 (PCM Audio File)
Variable Bit Rate
A/D Conversion Signal Flow
DVD-18
Red Book
14. A time regulator that makes all samples and bits to align when working with interconnected digital devices; Basically a signal that all of the digital devices refer to when operating.
Direct Stream Digital
Requirements for A/D Conversion
Word Clock
Blu-Ray
15. A digital filter's time domain output sequence when the input is a single sample is input
Fidelity
RMS
Impulse Response
Digital Signal Processing
16. AAC (Advanced Audio Coding); MP3; RA; WMA; OGG Vorbis; Dolby Digital/AC-3; DTS; ADPCM
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
Gain Staging
Lossy Formats
Low-Latency Monitoring
17. Take up half as many bits (50%); Algorithm can keep same quality by lossing the stereo track
Sonogram
MONO
Low-Latency Monitoring
Sawtooth Wave
18. Sample Rate x Bit Depth x # of Channels
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
Successive Approximation
SCMS
A/D Conversion
19. Single- pin RCA cable or fiber- optic TOSLINK connector used for digital transfer; 75O coaxial - 2- channel unbalanced; 'Consumer' format of AES3
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
Multichannel Audio Digital Interface (MADI)
Effective Bit Depth
Sony-Philips Digital Interface Format (S/PDIF)
20. The amount of energy at each wavelength
Spectra
Perceptual Coding
Dynamic Range
Pulse Code Modulation
21. The difference between the analog value and the approximated digital value due to the 'rounding' that occurs while converting the analog signal to digital
Quantization Error
M-S Stereo
dB/SPL
Overflow
22. The set of rules that computers use to move files from one computer to another on an internet
Transfer Protocol
Motion Pictures Experts Group
Floating Point
Subbands
23. As sample rate is increased more room is created for a smoother slope of the attenuation band because Nyquist limit extends well beyond range of hearing with each increase
Audio Engineering Society
Sample Rate Effect on Anti-Aliasing
Exponent
Class - D Amplifier
24. Signal voltage is relayed to a register from sample- and - hold circuit; Holds reference frequencies in binary form that decrease in value; Finds approximated value & assigns binary number accordingly
Successive Approximation
dBFS
Sawtooth Wave
Attenuation
25. 8.75 GB; DS/SL
Frames
DVD-10
Quantizer
Sampling Theorem
26. Roughly around 1 -130 ft/s
Compression
Speed of Sound
Claude Shannon
Photoreceptor
27. Industry Standards: -6 dB Peak = -20 RMS Meter
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
Sinusoidal
Recording Levels
Amplitude Accuracy
28. Each bit in the bit depth is equal to a _____ increase in dynamic range
Lossless
6 dB
Inter-Channel Redundancy
Sonogram
29. CBR; Codecs encodes data at a constant rate regardless of density of the audio file
Oscillation
Constant Bit Rate
Delta-Sigma Modulation
Intensity
30. CobraNet; EtherSound; Dante; AVB (currently under development)
Sony-Philips Digital Interface Format (S/PDIF)
Conversion Buffering
Internal Resolution
AoE Formats
31. Subtract place values from the decimal number and place ones or zeros in the correct places
Buffering
MONO
Digital Signal Processing
Decimal- to-Binary Conversion
32. Anytime bit depth is reduced the gap gets bigger so more dithering is required
Redither
Intensity Stereo
Overflow
Joint Stereo
33. Pertaining to hearing or sound; Combination of the intensity of air pressure molecules with amplitude
Quantization
Acoustics
CPU Buffering
Logical Format
34. When recording you want the smallest buffer available; When mixing you want the largest buffer available
Red Book
RMS
Noise Shaping
Buffer Size
35. Root Mean Square; Refers to taking the square root of all instantaneous amplitudes; Takes the average of those squares; (-6 Peak Level is approximately equal to -20 RMS)
Codec
Average Bit Rate
dB/FS
RMS
36. DAW's and software must buffer when converting or bouncing and this latency can add up if not monitored
Conversion Buffering
Decimation Filter
DVD-14
Headroom Bits
37. Found that aliasing was always a problem no matter how fast you sample; Less data recorded but more accurate; 2 samples per wave length.
Harry Nyquist
Impulse Response
I/O Connection Buffering
D/A Conversion Signal Flow
38. Sum of all harmonics; Sum of sine and cosine waves which have frequencies f - 2f - 3f - 4f...
Fourier Series
Buffering Locations
AoE Formats
Transfer Protocol
39. 'Capturing' part of digital audio; Never captures a signal perfectly
Square Wave
Compression
A/D Conversion
Harry Nyquist
40. Used as the main disc from which other discs are made; Composed of ground glass with a very fine photoresistor layer; An imaging laser burns pit and land patterns in preparation for duplication
DVD-Audio
I/O Connection Buffering
Glass Master
Additive Synthesis...
41. Reduces A/D sample rate from the oversampled rate to nominal rate by turning series of one- bit samples into a series of multi- bit PCM samples; (ex. => 2.8MHz sample rate converted to 44.1kHz and simultaneously converts 1-Bit samples to multi- bit);
Headroom Bits
Decimation Filter
Footroom
Dolby 5.1
42. High channel count; 64 channels on one cable; Coaxial cable with BNC connector or fiber optic with ST1 connector
Buffering
Rarefaction
Sawtooth Wave
Multichannel Audio Digital Interface (MADI)
43. Governs the frequency response of a digital system; The highest- frequency component that can be captured with a sampling rate; always 1/2 of sampling rate; Also called the limiting frequency
Nyquist Frequency
Compression
TOSLINK
Base 2 System
44. Branch of psychology concerned with the subjective perception of sound
Direct Stream Digital
Psychoacoustics
Dithering
Pad Head & Tail
45. Fractional part of a floating- point number; Also called the mantissa; Defines precision
Quantization Error
Nyquist Frequency
Significand
Stapedes Reflex
46. 12.33 GB; DS/ML
Sampling Theorem
A/D Conversion
Pulse Code Modulation
DVD-14
47. Overtones that contribute to the timbre of a sound and make up a complex waveform's physical characteristics
Compression
Sample- and-Hold
dBFS
Harmonic Content
48. HD Audio format; Lossless Compression; 24- bit/96 kHz; 5.1 Surround or 24- bit / 192 kHz stereo sound
DVD-Audio
X-Axis Terminology
Sinusoidal
Transfer Protocol
49. More accuracy in low amplitudes and less in higher amplitudes
2 Dimensions of Sound
Micron
Amplitude Accuracy
Exponent
50. ADAT Optcal; 8- in/8- out on two cables; Fiber- optic - TOSLINK connector
Coaxial
Quantizer
Lightpipe
Fletcher- Munson Curve