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Test your basic knowledge |
Digital Audio
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Roughly around 1 -130 ft/s
Sawtooth Wave
M-S Stereo
Speed of Sound
Entropy Coding
2. Also known as equal loudness curves; Graph that indicates the average ear sensitivity to different frequencies at different SPL levels (as volume increases - these curves flatten out)
2 Dimensions of Sound
Fletcher- Munson Curve
Buffering Locations
CobraNet
3. Low Pressure; Part in a longitudinal wave where the particles are spread apart
Cutoff Frequency
Photoreceptor
DVD-9
Rarefaction
4. Defines the number of sample per second taken from a continuous signal to make a discrete signal; Governs the frequency response of digital audio
Fourier Series
Joint Stereo
Sample Rate
Harmonic Content
5. Circuit that interprets the meaning of the symbols as they were chosen and arranged by the encode
Delta-Sigma Modulation
Pulse Code Modulation
DVD-Audio
Decoder
6. A network communications protocol that specifies how machines will exchange data; Uses a broadcast system in which one machine transmits its message on the communication medium and the other machines listen for messages directed to them
Pulse Width Modulation
Significand
A/D Conversion
Ethernet
7. In order to play multiple channels at one time data is buffered as read to disk; Latency happens between play command & beginning of playback
Edit Decision List
Quantization Intervals
Playback Buffering
Masking Analysis...
8. 12cm plastic disc; 1.2mm thick; One- sided; Red Laser; 1.6 microns between tracks; 125 nanometer pits
Lossless Formats
Blu-Ray
Quantization Error
Red Book
9. Level above which audible sounds are painful (125 - 130 db)
Dynamic Range
Noise Shaping
Threshold of Pain
Playback Buffering
10. Contains all even and odd harmonics associated with a fundamental tone - making it a rich source for modeling other sounds; Amplitude of each overtone decreases exponentially as a ratio of the harmonic's frequency to that of the fundamental
Dolby 7.1
Sawtooth Wave
Redither
Amplitude Accuracy
11. MPEG; Standardizing body of audio coding
Motion Pictures Experts Group
SACD
A/D Conversion Signal Flow
Significand
12. If a signal is sampled at a rate higher than twice the highest significant signal frequency and at evenly spaced intervals - then the samples contain all the information of the original signal
I/O Connection Buffering
Sampling Theorem
6 dB
Convolution
13. Based on Full Scale (dB/FS); -6dB represents a loss of one bit so account for this when calculating
Sony-Philips Digital Interface Format (S/PDIF)
Lossless Formats
Masking Analysis...
Effective Bit Depth
14. Softest sound that can be heard by the average human ear (0 dB)
Threshold of Hearing
Aliasing
EtherSound
Morse Code
15. Rate at which energy is drawn from a source that produces a flow of electricity in a circuit; Expressed in volts
Noise Shaping
Voltage
Quantization Error
Anti-Aliasing Filter
16. Fractional part of a floating- point number; Also called the mantissa; Defines precision
Buffering
DVD-10
Direct Monitoring
Significand
17. ADPCM; Pulse code modulation that produces a digital signal with a lower bit rate than standard PCM; Records only the difference between samples
Gain Staging
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
Buffering Locations
DVD-14
18. The loudest point of a Full Scale system
0 dB FS
Quantization Error
Quantization Intervals
Photoreceptor
19. Measurement at regular intervals of the amplitude of a varying waveform (in order to convert it to digital form); There must be a minimum of 2 samples for each cycle in a waveform
Frequency
EtherSound
Dithering
Sampling (Samples)
20. Sample Rate x Bit Depth x # of Channels
Non -Compressed Audio Data Rate Formula
DVD-18
DVD-5
Amplitude Accuracy
21. Digital and analog processing capability is combined on a single microchip allowing for 1- bit resolution at high sample rates
Successive Approximation
Quantization Intervals
Subbands
Delta-Sigma Modulation
22. The act of a frequency swinging back and forth with a steady - uninterrupted rhythm
Additive Synthesis...
Oscillation
Jitter
Pulse Density Modulation
23. Increases D/A sample rate from nominal rate to oversampling rate by turning series multi- bit PCM samples into 1- bit samples; (ex. => 44.1kHz sample rate converted to 2.8MHz and simultaneously converts multi- bit samples to 1- bit); Low Pass Filter
Interpolation Filter
Headroom Bits
2 Dimensions of Sound
Convolution
24. Represents the amplitude component of the digital sampling process; Technique of incrementing a continuous analog event into a discrete set of binary digits (bits)
Harry Nyquist
Quantization
Masking Analysis...
Rarefaction
25. Unit of measurement that is equal to one millionth of a meter
Micron
D/A Conversion Signal Flow
Decoder
Glass Master
26. Method used in digital recording and reproduction in which a signal is sampled at various points and the resulting value is translated into binary numbers
dB/SPL
Perceptual Coding
SACD
Pulse Code Modulation
27. Multi-Bit Words; (Pulse Code Modulation)
Analog
Threshold of Hearing
PCM
RMS Meter
28. More accuracy in low amplitudes and less in higher amplitudes
Buffer Size
DVD-9
Amplitude Accuracy
M-S Stereo
29. Psychoacoustic model of data reduction used for general audio compression that aims to transmit only features perceptible to the human ear; Useful for mastering streaming media
Perceptual Coding
6 dB
Interleaved
RMS Meter
30. Stores only one copy of a stereo signal and assigns it to both channels in order to save 50% of original bandwidth
Oversampling
Fidelity
Aliasing
Inter-Channel Redundancy
31. Series of dots and dashes representing the letters of the alphabet; Most common letters are represented by the shortest dots and dashes; Example of entropy coding
Pulse Density Modulation
Morse Code
Pad Head & Tail
CobraNet
32. The process of reducing the space required to store data by efficiently encoding the content.
Cutoff Frequency
Compression
Recording Levels
Red Book
33. The ability of a digital system to perform complex DSP without running into problems with overflow or loss of resolution
Bit Depth
Micron
Signal- to- Noise Ratio
Internal Resolution
34. (Amplitude Based) Amplitude: Voltage; Quantization; Bit Depth; Quantization Intervals; Quantization Noise; [Signal:Quantization Noise Ratio]; Dither; Dynamic Range
Y-Axis Terminology
Effective Bit Depth
D/A Conversion Signal Flow
Floating Point
35. Process of building a complex tone by starting with the fundamental frequency and adding pure tone harmonics
Additive Synthesis...
European Broadcasting Union
Quantization Error
Frames
36. Have odd numbered harmonics
Direct Stream Digital
Voltage
Square Wave
Normalizing
37. 1st commercially successful AoE format for the transmission of digital audio - video - and control signals over 64- channel 100Mbps Ethernet networks
Sampling (Samples)
CobraNet
PCM
Oscillation
38. Data reduction technique that selectively removes original information in order to significantly reduce the file size; Some data is lost; Files can be reduced up to 99% in size (90% with no perceived sound quality loss); Bit rate effects the perceive
Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation
Lossy
Sampling Theorem
Stapedes Reflex
39. 12.33 GB; DS/ML
SACD
Jitter
Quantizer
DVD-14
40. Waveform of a pure tone showing simple harmonic motion
SACD
Sine Wave
Lossy Formats
Coaxial
41. 1.) Bit Rate x Sample Rate (you'll get b/sec) 2.) Multiply by 60 if converting seconds to minutes 3.) Divide by 8 to convert bits to Bytes and get B/min 4.) Divide by 1 -024 to get KB/min and keep doing it until you get desired bit rate specification
Attenuation
M-S Stereo
Storage Conversion Steps
Logical Format
42. Electromagnetic receptor that detects the radiation known as visible light
Lossless Formats
Footroom
Photoreceptor
Pulse Density Modulation
43. Governs the frequency response of a digital system; The highest- frequency component that can be captured with a sampling rate; always 1/2 of sampling rate; Also called the limiting frequency
RMS
Pad Head & Tail
Red Book
Nyquist Frequency
44. Anytime bit depth is reduced the gap gets bigger so more dithering is required
Redither
Dolby 5.1
Dithering
Sampling Theorem
45. Describes various optical disc characteristics including the size and shape of the disc - the size of pits - the speed at which the disc spins - and a multitude of aspects regarding the specifications of the player itself
Physical Disc Format
Latency
Zero-Latency Monitoring
Fidelity
46. Apple Lossless; Windows Media Lossless; DTS HD Master Audio; Dolby True HD; FLAC
Recording Levels
Blu-Ray
Lossless Formats
Fidelity
47. Eight channel digital surround sound system by Dolby
Dolby 7.1
DVD-18
I/O Connection Buffering
Quantization Intervals
48. A digital filter's time domain output sequence when the input is a single sample is input
Sawtooth Wave
CPU Buffering
Impulse Response
Joseph Fourier
49. Joint-Stereo Technique; Since the human brain is unable to localize sounds at high frequencies well sounds above 9 kHz threshold are encoded in mono
Intensity Stereo
Frequency
SACD
Buffering
50. 15.9 GB; DS/DL
Y-Axis Terminology
DVD-10
DVD-18
dBFS