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Digital Audio

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Method used in digital recording and reproduction in which a signal is sampled at various points and the resulting value is translated into binary numbers






2. The difference in volume between the loudest and quietest sounds of a source






3. Voltage -> Dither -> Anti-Aliasing (Low Pass Filter) -> Sample & Hold Circuit -> Successive Approximation/Quantizer --) 100111010 (PCM Audio File)






4. Method of sampling data at a higher resolution (higher sample rate) as a means of reducing harmonic content during D/A conversion; (x2) oversampling gets rid of all odd harmonic content






5. ADAT Optcal; 8- in/8- out on two cables; Fiber- optic - TOSLINK connector






6. A time regulator that makes all samples and bits to align when working with interconnected digital devices; Basically a signal that all of the digital devices refer to when operating.






7. 1st commercially successful AoE format for the transmission of digital audio - video - and control signals over 64- channel 100Mbps Ethernet networks






8. Lossless Format; Can hold up to 25GB on a single- layer disc and 50GB on a dual- layer disc






9. Root Mean Square; Refers to taking the square root of all instantaneous amplitudes; Takes the average of those squares; (-6 Peak Level is approximately equal to -20 RMS)






10. Uses entropy coding as the basis; Computer data compression algorithm that packages files such as .ZIP & .RAR






11. Digital (binary) measurements of how long each pulse is either on or off; Width of increasing voltage or decreasing voltage is assigned a 1 or 0 respectively






12. The difference between the analog value and the approximated digital value due to the 'rounding' that occurs while converting the analog signal to digital






13. Eight channel digital surround sound system by Dolby






14. EBU






15. The frequency above or below which attenuation begins in a filter circuit






16. HD Audio format; Lossless Compression; 24- bit/96 kHz; 5.1 Surround or 24- bit / 192 kHz stereo sound






17. Represents the amplitude component of the digital sampling process; Technique of incrementing a continuous analog event into a discrete set of binary digits (bits)






18. Data is transmitted over fiber optic lines; Uses a TOSLINK connecter instead of an RCA type; Can transmit multi- channel audio; Not susceptible to ground hum and loops; Able to support far higher rates of data transfer over greater distances than coa






19. Samples are duplicated and the playback sampling rate correspondingly increased; Significantly raises the Nyquist limit to a range well beyond human hearing; Processing 'pushes' the distortion resulting from quantization error into these higher frequ






20. Measure of the amplitude of a longitudinal wave






21. The act of a frequency swinging back and forth with a steady - uninterrupted rhythm






22. The set of rules that computers use to move files from one computer to another on an internet






23. The frequency range that is allowed through a filter






24. Unit of measurement that is equal to one millionth of a meter






25. Six channel (five speakers and one subwoofer for bass) digital surround sound system by Dolby






26. 16-Bit; 44.1 kHz; PCM; Stereo






27. Governs the frequency response of a digital system; The highest- frequency component that can be captured with a sampling rate; always 1/2 of sampling rate; Also called the limiting frequency






28. High channel count; 64 channels on one cable; Coaxial cable with BNC connector or fiber optic with ST1 connector






29. Level above which audible sounds are painful (125 - 130 db)






30. Found that aliasing was always a problem no matter how fast you sample; Less data recorded but more accurate; 2 samples per wave length.






31. Overtones that contribute to the timbre of a sound and make up a complex waveform's physical characteristics






32. A digital filter's time domain output sequence when the input is a single sample is input






33. Increases or decreases the digital signal so that the loudest sample is brought up to 0dBfs; Uses all bits from dynamic range and makes it even from track to track






34. 'Reconstructing' part of digital audio






35. More aggressive lossy data reduction techniques that require further manipulation of the stereo field; Examples are 'Intensity' & 'M-S'






36. Deviation from a normal - steady pulse or tick of a clock that contributes to misrepresentation of a signal; Result of small timing irregularities that become magnified during the transmission of digital signals as the signals are passed from one dev






37. Stores only one copy of a stereo signal and assigns it to both channels in order to save 50% of original bandwidth






38. High Pressure - Part of a longitudinal wave where the particles of the medium are close together






39. Full Scale; Type of metering that measures level in digital recording system; Recording and Mixing levels should NEVER exceed 0dB FS in digital audio or clipping will occur






40. Pertaining to hearing or sound; Combination of the intensity of air pressure molecules with amplitude






41. AAC (Advanced Audio Coding); MP3; RA; WMA; OGG Vorbis; Dolby Digital/AC-3; DTS; ADPCM






42. Circuit that seizes voltage values with each tick of an A/D device's internal clock






43. 15.9 GB; DS/DL






44. Occurs as data is assembled into meaningful bits or information and as left & right channels are separated






45. Anytime bit depth is reduced the gap gets bigger so more dithering is required






46. 1.) Bit Rate x Sample Rate (you'll get b/sec) 2.) Multiply by 60 if converting seconds to minutes 3.) Divide by 8 to convert bits to Bytes and get B/min 4.) Divide by 1 -024 to get KB/min and keep doing it until you get desired bit rate specification






47. Accuracy with which an electronic system reproduces the sound or image of its input signal






48. The elapsed time it takes for a packet of data to arrive at its destination; Lagging or pause of an audio signal as digital processing occurs; Can be managed utilizing several forms of 'audio monitoring'






49. Data reduction technique that selectively removes original information in order to significantly reduce the file size; Some data is lost; Files can be reduced up to 99% in size (90% with no perceived sound quality loss); Bit rate effects the perceive






50. Sample Rate x Bit Depth x # of Channels







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