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Digital Fundamentals

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Information in numeric - alphabetic - or other form.






2. In addition - the number to which the addend is added






3. A interconnection of electrical components designed to produce a desired result. A basic circuits consists of a source - a load and an interconnecting current path.






4. To connect 'end- to- end' as when several counters are connected from the terminal count output of one counter to the enable input of the next counter






5. American National Standards Institute






6. A one- way group of conductors from the to a memory - or other external device - on which the address code is sent






7. An electrical device consisting of two conductive plates separated by an insulating material and possessing the property of capacitance.






8. Characterized by ten states or values






9. A semiconductor device that conducts current in only one direction






10. Having no stable state. An astable multivibrator oscillates between two quasi- stable states.






11. Altera HDL; a nonstandard HDL






12. The average of a sine wave over one half- cycle. It is 0.637 times the peak value.






13. A type of PLD nonvolatile programmable link that can be left open or can be shorted once as directed by the program






14. The digit generated when the sum of two binary digits exceeds 1






15. A reduction of the output signal compared to the input signal - resulting in a ratio with a value of less than 1 for the output voltage to the input voltage of a circuit.






16. A circuit that selects data from several inputs one at a time in a sequence and places them on the output; also called a multiplexer.






17. A type of semiconductor memory having capacitive storage cells that lose stored data over a period of time and therefore must be refreshed.






18. Describes a number system with a base of ten






19. In a PLD - a matrix formed by rows of product- term lines columns of input lines with a programmable cell at each junctions. In VHDL - an array is an ordered set of individual items called elements with a single identifier name.






20. The rotational rate of a phasor which is related to the frequency of the sine wave that the phasor represents






21. One current path in a parallel circuit; a current path that connects two nodes






22. The normal level of a pulse waveform; the voltage level in the absence of a pulse.






23. Having two stable states. Flip- flops and latches are bistable multivibrators.






24. A theorem that states that any amount of voltage sources and current sources can be combined into a single current source with a parallel resistor.

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25. A logic circuit used to add two binary numbers






26. A method for internally testing a PLD based on the JTAG standard (IEEE std.)






27. A code within DOS that allows various operations on files and includes a primitive assembler; to eliminate a problem in hardware or software.






28. Sum of all the voltage drops in series equals to the source voltage

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29. A digital circuit capable of counting electronic events - such as pulses - by progressing through a sequence of binary states.






30. A notational system for logic symbols that specifies input and output relationships thus fully defining a given function






31. Bipolar junction transistor; a semiconductor device used for switching or amplification. A BJT has two junctions - the base- emitter junction and the base- collector junction






32. Basic input/output system; a set of programs in ROM that interfaces the I/) devices in a computer system






33. A bridge circuit that is in the balanced state as indicated by 0 V across the output.






34. Having two directions. the stored data can be shifted right or left






35. An asynchronous input used to reset a flip- flop (make the Q output 0); to place a register or counter in the state in which it contains all 0's






36. The process that prevents two sources from using a bus at the same time






37. A set of conductive paths hat connects the CPU to other parts of the computer to coordinate its operations and to communicate with external devices






38. The range of frequencies for which the current (or output voltage) is equal to or greater than 70.7% of its value at the resonant frequency that is considered to be passed by a filter.






39. A number given in ampere- hours determined by multiplying the current times the length of the time (h) a battery can deliver that current to a load






40. The opposition of a capacitor to permit current; the reciprocal of capacitive reactance. The unit is the siemens.






41. A transformer in which the primary and secondary are in a single winding






42. The VHDL unit that describes the internal operation of a logic function; the internal functional arrangement of the elements that give a device its particular operating characteristics.






43. The interval of time occupied by a single bit in a sequence of bits; the period of the clock






44. In Boolean algebra - the AND operation






45. Stands for Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor and is implemented with a type of field transistor






46. In addition (ORing) and multiplication (ANDing) of two variables the order in which the variables are ORed or ANDed makes no difference






47. Arithmetic Logic Unit; the key processing element of a microprocessor that perfoms arithmetic and logic operations.






48. Voltage Divider Rule in determining TEC Thevenin Equivalence Circuit






49. The ratio of pulse width to period expressed as a percentage






50. Direct memory access; a method to directly interface a peripheral device to memory without using the CPU for control







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