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Test your basic knowledge |
Django Queryset
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
it-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Defines a many-to-many relationship. You use it just like any other Field type: by including it as a class attribute of your model.
ManyToManyField
contains
filter(**kwargs)
istartswith
2. Defines a one-to-one relationship. You use it just like any other Field type: by including it as a class attribute of your model.
Meta class
OneToOneField
only(*fields)
relationship spanning
3. Keyword shortcut for looking up an object by primary key.
values(*fields)
intermediate models
pk
ForeignKey
4. This represents a collection of objects from your database. It can have zero - one or many filters.
many-to-one relationship
none()
QuerySet
Custom model methods
5. Conjuntion operator for Q objects.
&
in_bulk(id_list)
default
Manager methods
6. Lookup type that returns results with a case-sensitive start sequence.
startswith
iendswith
get_or_create(**kwargs)
dates(field - kind - order='ASC')
7. This method returns tuples of values when iterated over. Each tuple contains the value from the respective field passed into the call to this method -- so the first item is the first field - etc.
values_list(*fields)
update()
Q(question__istartswith='What')
edit your settings file and change the INSTALLED_APPS setting to add the name of the module that contains your models.py.
8. If this option is True - Django will store empty values as NULL in the database. Default is False.
through argument
null
QuerySet
__unicode__()
9. When to run syncdb
Q(question__istartswith='What')
when you add new apps to INSTALLED_APPS
select_related()
iexact
10. By default - results returned by a QuerySet are ordered by the ordering tuple given by the ordering option in the model's Meta. You can override this on a per-QuerySet basis by using the this method.
distinct()
order_by(*fields)
unique
~
11. This field is added automatically - but this behavior can be overridden
filter(**kwargs)
id field
one-to-one relationship
add()
12. Lookup type that returns results in a given list.
distinct()
isnull
in
dates(field - kind - order='ASC')
13. Returns a dictionary of aggregate values (averages - sums - etc) calculated over the QuerySet. Each argument to this method specifies a value that will be included in the dictionary that is returned.
intermediate models
primary_key
aggregate(args - *kwargs)
default
14. Returns True if the QuerySet contains any results - and False if not. This tries to perform the query in the simplest and fastest way possible - but it does execute nearly the same query. This means that calling this method on a queryset is faster th
dates(field - kind - order='ASC')
Entry.objects.all().update(n_pingbacks=F('n_pingbacks') + 1)
exists()
Q()
15. This is a criterion that narrow down a QuerySet based on given parameters.
filter
delete()
Entry.objects.filter(pub_date__range=(start_date - end_date))
exists()
16. If True - this field is the primary key for the model.
using(alias)
primary_key
one-to-one relationship
help_text
17. A manager method which returns a single object. If there are no results that match the query - this method will raise a DoesNotExist exception. If more than one item matches this query - the method will raise MultipleObjectsReturned.
get(**kwargs)
when you add new apps to INSTALLED_APPS
delete()
Entry.objects.filter(pub_date__range=(start_date - end_date))
18. In some complex data-modeling situations - your models might contain a lot of fields - some of which could contain a lot of data (for example - text fields) - or require expensive processing to convert them to Python objects. If you are using the res
Many-to-many relationship to self
filter(**kwargs)
order_by(*fields)
defer(*fields)
19. Returns a new QuerySet that uses SELECT DISTINCT in its SQL query. This eliminates duplicate rows from the query results.
Multi-table inheritance
distinct()
reverse name
iteration
20. Lookup type that corresponds to a boolean full-text search - taking advantage of full-text indexing. This is like contains but is significantly faster due to full-text indexing.
all()
latest(field_name=None)
search
pk
21. Lookup type for date/datetime fields that finds a 'day of the week' match.
null
startswith
search
week_day
22. restrictions on ________: (1) Your intermediate model must contain one - and only one - foreign key to the target model. (2) Your intermediate model must contain one - and only one - foreign key to the source model. (3) When defining a many-to-many r
extra(select=None - where=None - params=None - tables=None - order_by=None - select_params=None)
ForeignKey
intermediate models
update()
23. Operator for comparing two model instances for equality. Behind the scenes - it compares the primary key values of two models.
choices
==
MultipleObjectsReturned
Multi-table inheritance
24. This class type is useful when you just want to use the parent class to hold information that you don't want to have to type out for each child model. This class isn't going to ever be used in isolation. When it is used as a base class for other mode
blank
QuerySet
Abstract base class
many-to-many relationship
25. Performs an SQL update query for the specified fields - and returns the number of rows affected. This method is applied instantly and the only restriction on the QuerySet that is updated is that it can only update columns in the model's main table. F
update(**kwargs)
blank
class type
gt
26. This method is more or less the opposite of defer(). You call it with the fields that should not be deferred when retrieving a model. If you have a model where almost all the fields need to be deferred - using this method to specify the complementary
create(**kwargs)
Q(question__startswith='Who') | ~Q(pub_date__year=2005)
Entry.objects.filter(pub_date__year=2007).update(headline='Everything is the same')
only(*fields)
27. Lookup type that yields a case-insensitive match.
null
values(*fields)
iexact
iregex
28. An iterable (e.g. - a list or tuple) of 2-tuples to use as options for this field. If this is given - Django's admin will use a select box instead of the standard text field and will limit options to those given.
unique
filter
pk
choices
29. This model type is useful if you only want to modify the Python-level behavior of a model - without changing the models fields in any way. This creates a stand-in for the original model. You can create - delete and update instances of this new model
exact
F()
Proxy model
order_by(*fields)
30. A manager method that returns a new QuerySet containing objects that do not match the given lookup parameters.
Entry.objects.filter(pub_date__year=2007).update(headline='Everything is the same')
Custom model methods
class attributes
exclude(**kwargs)
31. This object encapsulates a collection of keyword arguments - with the keys being field lookup types. These objects can be combined using the & and | operators - as well as negated with the ~ operator.
isnull
month
gte
Q()
32. True if the QuerySet has an order_by() clause or a default ordering on the model. False otherwise.
evaluation
in
ordered
ForeignKey
33. The default for this is the name of the child class followed by '_set'.
Q(question__startswith='Who') | ~Q(pub_date__year=2005)
Entry.objects.filter(pub_date__year=2005).delete()
reverse name
Entry.objects.filter(pub_date__range=(start_date - end_date))
34. Lookup type that returns results less than or equal to a given value.
lte
when you add new apps to INSTALLED_APPS
Multi-table inheritance
iendswith
35. The first element in this iterable is the value that will be stored in the database - the second element will be displayed by the admin interface - or in a ModelChoiceField.
choices tuple
id field
iexact
Restrictions on field names
36. A Manager method that returns a new QuerySet containing objects that match the given lookup parameters.
latest(field_name=None)
class attributes
delete()
filter(**kwargs)
37. Use this method to reverse the order in which a queryset's elements are returned. Calling this method a second time restores the ordering back to the normal direction.
reverse()
many-to-one relationship
Multi-table inheritance
contains
38. These add custom "row-level" functionality to your objects. These act on a particular model instance.
range
Custom model methods
delete()
startswith
39. This query finds all entries with an id greater than 4.
through argument
many-to-many relationship
reverse name
Entry.objects.filter(id__gt=4)
40. If this option is True - the field is allowed to be blank. Default is False.
isnull
get_or_create(**kwargs)
clear() method
blank
41. Returns a QuerySet that will automatically "follow" foreign-key relationships - selecting that additional related-object data when it executes its query. This is a performance booster which results in (sometimes much) larger queries but means later u
iterator()
select_related()
through argument
Meta class
42. If True - the table does not permit duplicate values for this field.
save()
endswith
exclude(**kwargs)
unique
43. Defined by django.db.models.ForeignKey. You use it just like any other Field type: by including it as a class attribute of your model.
search
QuerySet
filter chaining
many-to-one relationship
44. Takes the ouput of one filter and uses it as input for another filter. This works because a refinement of a QuerySet is itself a QuerySet.
filter chaining
create(**kwargs)
Entry.objects.filter(pub_date__year=2007).update(headline='Everything is the same')
iendswith
45. Lookup type that yields an "exact" match. If you don't provide a lookup type -- that is - if your keyword argument doesn't contain a double underscore -- the lookup type is assumed to be of this sort.
add()
select_related()
exact
Entry.objects.filter(id__in=[1 - 3 - 4])
46. Adds to each object in the QuerySet with the provided list of aggregate values (averages - sums - etc) that have been computed over the objects that are related to the objects in the QuerySet. Each argument to this is content that will be added to ea
delete()
related_name
defer(*fields)
annotate(args - *kwargs)
47. This method immediately deletes the object and has no return value.
endswith
week_day
delete()
reverse name
48. Takes a list of primary-key values and returns a dictionary mapping each primary-key value to an instance of the object with the given ID.
in_bulk(id_list)
save()
delete()
isnull
49. This query deletes all Entry objects with a pub_date year of 2005.
Q(question__startswith='Who') | ~Q(pub_date__year=2005)
Custom model methods
pk
Entry.objects.filter(pub_date__year=2005).delete()
50. Used to get a QuerySet for a model. This is called 'objects' by default.
count()
Manager
pk
filter chaining