SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
DSST Criminal Justice
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
dsst
,
law
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Requires interpretation of a judge or jury to reach conclusion based on what evidence indicates
Against Plea bargaining:
Mitigating Circumstances
circunstancial evidence
The man known as the first probation officer?
2. Geographic area of the court
3 level of security associated with prisons
Venue
Aggravated Circumstances
Parole
3. Any circumstances accompanying the commission of a crime that may justify a lighter sentence.
Mitigating Circumstances
5th Amendment
Atkins v. Virginia
support for plea bargaining:
4. Circumstances relating to the commission of a crime that may be considered to reduce the blameworthiness of the defendant
The difference between mitigating and aggravating circumstances as it pertains to sentencing
Judge
7th Amendment
mitigating circumstances
5. A public official authorized to decide questions brought before a court of justice
Cause challenges:
Challenges to the array
Stack Vs. Boyle
Judge
6. Circumstances - facts - or situations that result in a harsher sentence
Aggravated Circumstances
Real evidence
Homeland security
Habeus corpus
7. Mitigating - Lessens criminal responsibility and lightens sentence. Aggravating - factors that makes harsher sentence
Terroism threat levels
Recidivism:
The difference between mitigating and aggravating circumstances as it pertains to sentencing
In Re Winship
8. Evidence that consists of physical material or traces of physical activity
Real evidence
Presentence investigation
Lockyer v. Andrade:
'Discover'
9. Criminals recieve lighter/easier punishments- nota true sentence- endangers the correct legal outcome. It's coercion- bluffing- violation of human rights- prosecutors bluff and defendants plead to things they didn't do out of fear
Lockyer v. Andrade:
Probation officer
Against Plea bargaining:
Indictment
10. Opening statements --> Prosecution always starts- statement --> Defense statement --> Prosecutors evidence (burden of proof lies on prosecution) --> defense evidence --> rebuttal (prosecution)
Trial Proceedures
USA Patriot Act
circunstancial evidence
Roper v. Simmons
11. Trial Court - superior court - pellet superior court - supreme court
Forfeiture laws
How does an individual become a federal judge
4 types of courts found in the CA court system
Atkins v. Virginia
12. Least used
Criminal Complaint
Recidivism:
Kentucky vs. Louisiana
contract attorneys
13. A sum of money paid in compensation for loss or injury
determinate sentencing
Restitution
Court Jurisdiction
Wolff v. McDaniel
14. Plea bargaining is an essential component of the new admistration of justice and must be highly encouraged
Santobello Vs. New York
USA Patriot Act
Against Plea bargaining:
Probation
15. A written statement of the essential facts making up the offense charged
7th Amendment
The man known as the first probation officer?
mitigating circumstances
Criminal Complaint
16. 1976 - Bifurcated trials - the guilt and innocent phase is separate from the punishment
How does an individual become a federal judge
Gregg V. Georgia
Wolff v. McDaniel
Terroism threat levels
17. A model of criminal punishment in which an offender is given a fixed term of imprisonment that they may be reduced by good time or gain taim. all offendors convicted of the same crime will reciee the same punishment
determinate sentencing
Place in correct order: Trial - Investigation - Crime - File criminal complaint - appeal - first arraignment - preliminary hearing - second arraignment - sentencing - arrest
In Re Gault
Gideon Vs. Wainwright:
18. Court holds that bail must be reasonable but set at level to insure defendant's appearance at trial
Stack Vs. Boyle
Function of the Reception Centers within the CA department of Corrections?
aggravating circumstances
Wolff v. McDaniel
19. In pre-trial in which each party can obtain evidence from opposing party
Discovery:
4 types of courts found in the CA court system
Probation officer
Different type of detention facilities and their function and who operates them
20. The unlawful use of force or violence by an individual or a group that is based and operatues entirely within the U.S. and its territories - acts without foreign direction and directs its activites agaits elements of the us government or population
victim impact statements
Hudson v. Palmer
Domestic terrorism
Atkins v. Virginia
21. A model of criminal punishment that encourages the rehabilitiation through the use of general and relatively unspecific sentences
Against Plea bargaining:
4 types of courts found in the CA court system
Payne V. Tennessee
indeterminate sentencing
22. Full time- salaried
Gideon Vs. Wainwright:
Indictment
The difference between mitigating and aggravating circumstances as it pertains to sentencing
public defender
23. The authorized seizure of money - negotiable instruments - securities - or other things of value. Under federal antidrug laws - judicial representatives are authorized to seize all cash and goods.
Preliminary Hearing
The difference between consecutive and concurrent sentencing?
Forfeiture laws
J.E.B. vs. Alabama
24. A writ whcih requires a person under arrest to be brought before a judge or into court. This ensure that a prisoner can be released form unlawful detention.
Cruz v. beto
Habeus corpus
3 level of security associated with prisons
Challenge for Cause
25. A pre-sentence report is a legal term referring to the investigation into the history of person convicted of a crime before sentencing. Probation officer makes it.
Terroism threat levels
Pre-sentence report
Preliminary Hearing
Indictment
26. Parole is earned - probation is part of a sentence
Parolve v. probation
Habeus corpus
Parole
List three ways a person can be released from jail
27. Retain 1st amendment rights that are not inconsistent with his status as a prisoner- have rights - much the same as people who are not incarcerated. Conditional rather than absolute rights. The balancing test.
In Re Gault
Discovery:
Prisoner rights:
Parolve v. probation
28. A court that hears a case the first time it is tried in court. A trial court is a court of original jurisdiction.
Grand Jury
Explain the difference between probation and parole
restitution
Court Jurisdiction
29. Jury trial in civil cases
direct evidence
7th Amendment
Names of the federal courts that make up the three tiers of the federal court system
Lockyer v. Andrade:
30. Presumption of innocence- cannot be convicted unless the evidence is proved without a reasonable doubt
Challenges to the array
Gideon Vs. Wainwright:
Small Courts Claim
Rules of evidence
31. A government official who conducts criminal prosecutions on behalf of the state
baston v. kentucky
No lo contendre
Prosecutor
Ddvantages of probation and parole?
32. Holding Cells-Convenience-Many law enforcement agencies - County Jail-Holds all level of offenders-sheriffs department Juvenile Hall-criminals under 18-probation department
Recidivism:
Discovery:
Different type of detention facilities and their function and who operates them
Lockyer v. Andrade:
33. Probation
circunstancial evidence
Restitution
4 types of courts found in the CA court system
Runs juvenile hall
34. A common law principle that allows the state to assume a parental role and to take custody of a child when he or she becomes delinquent - is abandoned or is need of care taht the natural parents are unable or unwilling to provide
Parens patriae
Voir Dire
Hudson v. Palmer
6th Amendment
35. Underlying conditions--> international encironment --> state--> organizations --> leadership
The difference between mitigating and aggravating circumstances as it pertains to sentencing
Payne V. Tennessee
direct evidence
Terrorism- Causes:
36. Inmates have to be given a reasonable opportunity to pursue their religious faiths - also visits can be banned is such visits constitute threats to society
Procunier vs. Martinez
Peremptory Challenges:
Cruz v. beto
List three ways a person can be released from jail
37. Pretrial proceedings at which the prosecutor must prove that a crime was committed and establish the probable guilt of the defendant.
circunstancial evidence
Balancing test
Preliminary Hearing
Ddvantages of probation and parole?
38. Not qualified - convicted felon - under indictment - can't read or write - bias - served ongrand jury - insane - etc. May arise during voir dire exmination
Cause challenges:
Challenge for Cause
Stack Vs. Boyle
Court Clerk
39. Prohibits peremptory challenges based on gender
Arraignment
J.E.B. vs. Alabama
Determinate sentencing
Grand Jury
40. The act of a person repeating of an undesirable behavior after thay have either experienced negative consequences of that behavior or have been treated or trained to extinguish that behavior.
Recidivism:
5th Amendment
Domestic terrorism
support for plea bargaining:
41. Physical material or traces of physical activity
Challenges to the array
Recidivism:
Discovery:
Real evidence
42. Jury selection process of questioning prospective jurors - to ascertain their qualifications and determine any basis for challenge.
In Re Gault
mitigating circumstances
USA Patriot Act
Voir Dire
43. Most widely used goal is to individualize punishment - inmates eligible for parole after serving minimum
Intermediate sentencing
Suspended sentence
Terroism threat levels
USA Patriot Act
44. Nominated by the President
6th Amendment
mitigating circumstances
How does an individual become a federal judge
determinate sentencing
45. A period of incarceration that is fixed by a sentencing authority and cannot be reduced by judges or other corrections officials.
Atkins v. Virginia
Place in correct order: Trial - Investigation - Crime - File criminal complaint - appeal - first arraignment - preliminary hearing - second arraignment - sentencing - arrest
Aggravated Circumstances
Determinate sentencing
46. An officer appointed by the judges of the court to assist in managing the flow of cases through the court - maintain court records - handle financial matters - and provide other administrative support to the court.
Court Clerk
Runs juvenile hall
indeterminate sentencing
Recidivism:
47. Made victim impact statements legal
4 types of courts found in the CA court system
Payne V. Tennessee
Wolff v. McDaniel
How does an individual become a federal judge
48. U.S Districts Courts - U.S. Court of Appeal - U.S. Supreme Court
Lockyer v. Andrade:
Names of the federal courts that make up the three tiers of the federal court system
In Re Winship
Preliminary Hearing
49. Green- low Blue-guarded yellow-elevated orange- high red- severe
support for plea bargaining:
Real evidence
Goals of punishment
Terroism threat levels
50. 2003 - illegal to execute mentally retarded
Function of the Reception Centers within the CA department of Corrections?
Goals of punishment
Atkins v. Virginia
Suspended sentence