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Test your basic knowledge |
DSST Criminal Justice
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
dsst
,
law
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Presumption of innocence- cannot be convicted unless the evidence is proved without a reasonable doubt
4 types of courts found in the CA court system
Explain the difference between probation and parole
Rules of evidence
Roper v. Simmons
2. Most widely used goal is to individualize punishment - inmates eligible for parole after serving minimum
Grand Jury
Rules of evidence
Intermediate sentencing
Parole
3. 1976 - Bifurcated trials - the guilt and innocent phase is separate from the punishment
Parole
4 types of courts found in the CA court system
Plea Bargain
Gregg V. Georgia
4. Prisoners challenged the constitutionality of state regulations covering censorship of prisoner mail on the grounds that they violated the prisoners free-speech rights. REstrictions on speech must be justified as the necessity for security and the ru
Cause challenges:
Procunier vs. Martinez
Habeus corpus
Court Clerk
5. Any circumstances accompanying the commission of a crime that may justify a lighter sentence.
Mitigating Circumstances
Forfeiture laws
6th Amendment
In Re Winship
6. Excusing a juror from a trial for a stated - specific reason - such as the juror knows the parties or witnesses in a case. Each side has an unlimited number of challenges for cause.
support for plea bargaining:
Challenge for Cause
Runs juvenile hall
Procunier vs. Martinez
7. Less courts - less judges - prompt and final disposition of most cases - reduces time/cost in jail - reduces time spent free on bail- dangerous - serious offenders move more quickly into rehab - counseling - etc. - assures that the guilty will not be
Court Clerk
Preliminary Hearing
support for plea bargaining:
5 functions which take place at an arraignment
8. The right to challenge a potential juror without discling the reason for the challenge. Used to eliminate juries individuals who although they express no bias are thought to be capable of swaying the jury in an undesirable way
Peremptory Challenges:
Probation
The difference between consecutive and concurrent sentencing?
Preliminary Hearing
9. Things that add on to sentencing
Ddvantages of probation and parole?
Different type of detention facilities and their function and who operates them
Prosecutor
Enhancement
10. U.S Districts Courts - U.S. Court of Appeal - U.S. Supreme Court
Names of the federal courts that make up the three tiers of the federal court system
The difference between mitigating and aggravating circumstances as it pertains to sentencing
In Re Winship
circunstancial evidence
11. Group of jurors who were selected to tell if there's enough evidence or not
Grand Jury
public defender
Judge
Suspended sentence
12. Amnesty - Bail - good behavior
Domestic terrorism
List three ways a person can be released from jail
How does an individual become a federal judge
Bailiff
13. Plea bargaining is an essential component of the new admistration of justice and must be highly encouraged
direct evidence
Santobello Vs. New York
Terroism threat levels
Preliminary Hearing
14. Held that when a juvenile is charged with an act taht would be a crime if committed by an adult - every element of the offense must be proved beyond reasonable doubt
In Re Winship
Real evidence
restitution
Intermediate sentencing
15. Probation
contract attorneys
Atkins v. Virginia
Wolff v. McDaniel
Runs juvenile hall
16. A writ whcih requires a person under arrest to be brought before a judge or into court. This ensure that a prisoner can be released form unlawful detention.
Real evidence
Court Jurisdiction
Habeus corpus
Suspended sentence
17. Court holds that bail must be reasonable but set at level to insure defendant's appearance at trial
Stack Vs. Boyle
Terroism threat levels
Judge
Preliminary Hearing
18. Pretrial proceedings at which the prosecutor must prove that a crime was committed and establish the probable guilt of the defendant.
Forfeiture laws
The man known as the first probation officer?
indeterminate sentencing
Preliminary Hearing
19. 2005 - illegal to execute minors
How does an individual become a federal judge
Parens patriae
Roper v. Simmons
circunstancial evidence
20. A principle developed by the courts and applied to the corrections arena by pell v. procunier that attempts to weigh the rights of an individual as guaranteed by the Constituion - against the authority of states of make laws or to otherwise restrict
Balancing test
Restitution
Court apointed council
Voir Dire
21. Evidence that consists of physical material or traces of physical activity
Real evidence
Discovery:
'Discover'
Arraignment
22. Green- low Blue-guarded yellow-elevated orange- high red- severe
Terroism threat levels
In Re Gault
3 level of security associated with prisons
5th Amendment
23. A period of incarceration that is fixed by a sentencing authority and cannot be reduced by judges or other corrections officials.
Mitigating Circumstances
Hudson v. Palmer
Stack Vs. Boyle
Determinate sentencing
24. I do not wish to contend- has the same effect as a guilty plea-becomes a plea bargain
J.E.B. vs. Alabama
Rules of evidence
Names of the federal courts that make up the three tiers of the federal court system
No lo contendre
25. A model of criminal punishment in which an offender is given a fixed term of imprisonment that they may be reduced by good time or gain taim. all offendors convicted of the same crime will reciee the same punishment
Forfeiture laws
determinate sentencing
Recidivism:
Judge
26. Prohibits peremptory challenges based on gender
Determinate sentencing
J.E.B. vs. Alabama
restitution
Place in correct order: Trial - Investigation - Crime - File criminal complaint - appeal - first arraignment - preliminary hearing - second arraignment - sentencing - arrest
27. 1 - Costs tax players less - 2 - Restitution can be made - 3 - Community work
No lo contendre
Ddvantages of probation and parole?
circunstancial evidence
indeterminate sentencing
28. Charges - Rights - Attorney - Plea Bail/No Bail
5 functions which take place at an arraignment
Parole
'Discover'
Rules of evidence
29. 2003 - illegal to execute mentally retarded
Atkins v. Virginia
direct evidence
Cause challenges:
Stack Vs. Boyle
30. A model of criminal punishment that encourages the rehabilitiation through the use of general and relatively unspecific sentences
Kentucky vs. Louisiana
Challenge for Cause
Parole
indeterminate sentencing
31. Rules: no attorneys - maximum loss money 7 -500
Small Courts Claim
determinate sentencing
'Discover'
Prosecutor
32. Retain 1st amendment rights that are not inconsistent with his status as a prisoner- have rights - much the same as people who are not incarcerated. Conditional rather than absolute rights. The balancing test.
Prisoner rights:
Determinate sentencing
mitigating circumstances
Real evidence
33. Inmates have to be given a reasonable opportunity to pursue their religious faiths - also visits can be banned is such visits constitute threats to society
The difference between mitigating and aggravating circumstances as it pertains to sentencing
Cruz v. beto
Recidivism:
Criminal Complaint
34. Process of negotiating an agreement w/ defendant - protectors - and the court
Parens patriae
Real evidence
USA Patriot Act
Plea Bargain
35. The unlawful use of force or violence by an individual or a group that is based and operatues entirely within the U.S. and its territories - acts without foreign direction and directs its activites agaits elements of the us government or population
Domestic terrorism
Defense Attorney
7th Amendment
Mitigating Circumstances
36. Physical material or traces of physical activity
Real evidence
Lockyer v. Andrade:
Stack Vs. Boyle
Runs juvenile hall
37. Not qualified - convicted felon - under indictment - can't read or write - bias - served ongrand jury - insane - etc. May arise during voir dire exmination
Different type of detention facilities and their function and who operates them
Cause challenges:
Habeus corpus
Cruz v. beto
38. The authorized seizure of money - negotiable instruments - securities - or other things of value. Under federal antidrug laws - judicial representatives are authorized to seize all cash and goods.
Restitution
In Re Winship
USA Patriot Act
Forfeiture laws
39. A court that hears a case the first time it is tried in court. A trial court is a court of original jurisdiction.
Challenges to the array
baston v. kentucky
Runs juvenile hall
Court Jurisdiction
40. The in court use of victim or survivor supplied information supplied by sentencing authorities seeking to make an informed sentencing decision.
victim impact statements
Parens patriae
Plea Bargain
circunstancial evidence
41. The lawyer representing the defendant
Defense Attorney
Court apointed council
J.E.B. vs. Alabama
Parolve v. probation
42. Level 1 - 2 - and 3
3 level of security associated with prisons
Habeus corpus
Lockyer v. Andrade:
determinate sentencing
43. Review court
Habeus corpus
What is another term used to identify supreme courts
The difference between consecutive and concurrent sentencing?
Probation officer
44. Procedural safeguards are necessary in revocation hearing involving parolees
Santobello Vs. New York
Indictment
In Re Winship
Morissey v. Brewer
45. Probation is a sentencing usually given instead of jail but not always - parole is a conditional release from prison
Explain the difference between probation and parole
Place in correct order: Trial - Investigation - Crime - File criminal complaint - appeal - first arraignment - preliminary hearing - second arraignment - sentencing - arrest
J.E.B. vs. Alabama
Presentence investigation
46. Geographic area of the court
Runs juvenile hall
Trial Jury
Venue
Determinate sentencing
47. Crime - Investigation - arrest - file criminal complaint - first arraignment - preliminary hearing - second arraignment - trial - sentencing - appeal
Place in correct order: Trial - Investigation - Crime - File criminal complaint - appeal - first arraignment - preliminary hearing - second arraignment - sentencing - arrest
Rules of evidence
Mitigating Circumstances
What is another term used to identify supreme courts
48. In pre-trial in which each party can obtain evidence from opposing party
Prosecutor
Discovery:
Hudson v. Palmer
Court apointed council
49. Parole is earned - probation is part of a sentence
Indictment
indeterminate sentencing
USA Patriot Act
Parolve v. probation
50. John Augustus
The man known as the first probation officer?
Real evidence
Santobello Vs. New York
Grand Jury
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