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Test your basic knowledge |
DSST Criminal Justice
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
dsst
,
law
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Parole is earned - probation is part of a sentence
4 types of courts found in the CA court system
Bailiff
Parolve v. probation
Gregg V. Georgia
2. Circumstances relating to the commission of a crime that make it more grave than average instance of that crime
aggravating circumstances
Place in correct order: Trial - Investigation - Crime - File criminal complaint - appeal - first arraignment - preliminary hearing - second arraignment - sentencing - arrest
Peremptory Challenges:
USA Patriot Act
3. Evidence that if believed proves a fact- eyewitnesses - videtapes - ec.
Court Jurisdiction
direct evidence
Procunier vs. Martinez
Terroism threat levels
4. A writ whcih requires a person under arrest to be brought before a judge or into court. This ensure that a prisoner can be released form unlawful detention.
Habeus corpus
Gideon Vs. Wainwright:
Plea Bargain
Court apointed council
5. Least used
contract attorneys
Hudson v. Palmer
mitigating circumstances
Habeus corpus
6. A court that hears a case the first time it is tried in court. A trial court is a court of original jurisdiction.
Explain the difference between probation and parole
Probation officer
Court Jurisdiction
Cruz v. beto
7. Prisoners challenged the constitutionality of state regulations covering censorship of prisoner mail on the grounds that they violated the prisoners free-speech rights. REstrictions on speech must be justified as the necessity for security and the ru
Explain the difference between probation and parole
Preliminary Hearing
5 functions which take place at an arraignment
Procunier vs. Martinez
8. 1963 - extended the right to appointed counsel for indigents in all felony cases
Atkins v. Virginia
Gideon Vs. Wainwright:
Santobello Vs. New York
USA Patriot Act
9. The unlawful use of force or violence by an individual or a group that is based and operatues entirely within the U.S. and its territories - acts without foreign direction and directs its activites agaits elements of the us government or population
Gideon Vs. Wainwright:
Domestic terrorism
direct evidence
Parens patriae
10. An officer of the court who is employed to execute writs and processes and make arrests etc.
The difference between mitigating and aggravating circumstances as it pertains to sentencing
Names of the federal courts that make up the three tiers of the federal court system
The man known as the first probation officer?
Bailiff
11. The authorized seizure of money - negotiable instruments - securities - or other things of value. Under federal antidrug laws - judicial representatives are authorized to seize all cash and goods.
J.E.B. vs. Alabama
Terroism threat levels
Restitution
Forfeiture laws
12. Geographic area of the court
Procunier vs. Martinez
In Re Gault
Terroism threat levels
Venue
13. A prisoner has no reasoable expectations of privacy in his prison cell and no protections against what would otherwise be unreasonable searches 4th amendment
Hudson v. Palmer
Challenges to the array
No lo contendre
Preliminary Hearing
14. Requires interpretation of a judge or jury to reach conclusion based on what evidence indicates
Enhancement
The difference between mitigating and aggravating circumstances as it pertains to sentencing
circunstancial evidence
Pre-sentence report
15. A written statement of the essential facts making up the offense charged
Defense Attorney
Court apointed council
Determinate sentencing
Criminal Complaint
16. Things that add on to sentencing
Small Courts Claim
Plea Bargain
How does an individual become a federal judge
Enhancement
17. Procedural safeguards are necessary in revocation hearing involving parolees
Morissey v. Brewer
circunstancial evidence
Determinate sentencing
Terroism threat levels
18. Made victim impact statements legal
Gregg V. Georgia
Voir Dire
Payne V. Tennessee
Habeus corpus
19. Circumstances relating to the commission of a crime that may be considered to reduce the blameworthiness of the defendant
Place in correct order: Trial - Investigation - Crime - File criminal complaint - appeal - first arraignment - preliminary hearing - second arraignment - sentencing - arrest
Real evidence
support for plea bargaining:
mitigating circumstances
20. U.S Districts Courts - U.S. Court of Appeal - U.S. Supreme Court
circunstancial evidence
Venue
Names of the federal courts that make up the three tiers of the federal court system
Plea Bargain
21. Physical material or traces of physical activity
Recidivism:
Probation
mitigating circumstances
Real evidence
22. Mitigating - Lessens criminal responsibility and lightens sentence. Aggravating - factors that makes harsher sentence
The difference between mitigating and aggravating circumstances as it pertains to sentencing
Aggravated Circumstances
Mitigating Circumstances
Santobello Vs. New York
23. (law) a conditional release from imprisonment that entitiles the person to serve the remainder of the sentence outside the prison as long as the terms of release are complied with
How does an individual become a federal judge
Arraignment
Parens patriae
Parole
24. Excusing a juror from a trial for a stated - specific reason - such as the juror knows the parties or witnesses in a case. Each side has an unlimited number of challenges for cause.
Criminal Complaint
Terroism threat levels
J.E.B. vs. Alabama
Challenge for Cause
25. Plea bargaining is an essential component of the new admistration of justice and must be highly encouraged
Santobello Vs. New York
Kentucky vs. Louisiana
Enhancement
The difference between mitigating and aggravating circumstances as it pertains to sentencing
26. Charges - Rights - Attorney - Plea Bail/No Bail
Real evidence
Enhancement
aggravating circumstances
5 functions which take place at an arraignment
27. Underlying conditions--> international encironment --> state--> organizations --> leadership
No lo contendre
Terrorism- Causes:
Runs juvenile hall
Arraignment
28. A model of criminal punishment in which an offender is given a fixed term of imprisonment that they may be reduced by good time or gain taim. all offendors convicted of the same crime will reciee the same punishment
restitution
Judge
determinate sentencing
The man known as the first probation officer?
29. A period of incarceration that is fixed by a sentencing authority and cannot be reduced by judges or other corrections officials.
Peremptory Challenges:
baston v. kentucky
victim impact statements
Determinate sentencing
30. Criminals recieve lighter/easier punishments- nota true sentence- endangers the correct legal outcome. It's coercion- bluffing- violation of human rights- prosecutors bluff and defendants plead to things they didn't do out of fear
Trial Proceedures
Hudson v. Palmer
Real evidence
Against Plea bargaining:
31. Court holds that bail must be reasonable but set at level to insure defendant's appearance at trial
Rules of evidence
Against Plea bargaining:
mitigating circumstances
Stack Vs. Boyle
32. Probation is a sentencing usually given instead of jail but not always - parole is a conditional release from prison
Parens patriae
Explain the difference between probation and parole
Arraignment
Function of the Reception Centers within the CA department of Corrections?
33. Presumption of innocence- cannot be convicted unless the evidence is proved without a reasonable doubt
Trial Jury
Rules of evidence
Cause challenges:
Domestic terrorism
34. Most widely used goal is to individualize punishment - inmates eligible for parole after serving minimum
Domestic terrorism
Parolve v. probation
Plea Bargain
Intermediate sentencing
35. Evidence that consists of physical material or traces of physical activity
Court apointed council
Real evidence
The difference between mitigating and aggravating circumstances as it pertains to sentencing
Terroism threat levels
36. The act of a person repeating of an undesirable behavior after thay have either experienced negative consequences of that behavior or have been treated or trained to extinguish that behavior.
Goals of punishment
Gregg V. Georgia
Habeus corpus
Recidivism:
37. A legal document calling someone to court to answer an indictment
Grand Jury
Court apointed council
5 functions which take place at an arraignment
Arraignment
38. Trial Court - superior court - pellet superior court - supreme court
Habeus corpus
Gideon Vs. Wainwright:
Criminal Complaint
4 types of courts found in the CA court system
39. A common law principle that allows the state to assume a parental role and to take custody of a child when he or she becomes delinquent - is abandoned or is need of care taht the natural parents are unable or unwilling to provide
Parens patriae
The man known as the first probation officer?
In Re Winship
Plea Bargain
40. Right to a speedy trial with unbiased jury - right to counsel
5 functions which take place at an arraignment
Explain the difference between probation and parole
6th Amendment
indeterminate sentencing
41. 1976 - Bifurcated trials - the guilt and innocent phase is separate from the punishment
Defense Attorney
Real evidence
J.E.B. vs. Alabama
Gregg V. Georgia
42. Group of jurors who were selected to tell if there's enough evidence or not
Grand Jury
Ddvantages of probation and parole?
Parole
aggravating circumstances
43. Full time- salaried
Gregg V. Georgia
public defender
determinate sentencing
In Re Gault
44. (law) a way of dealing with offenders without imprisoning them
aggravating circumstances
Suspended sentence
Preliminary Hearing
Probation
45. Pretrial phase of a law suit where each party can obtain any evidence from the opposing side
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46. Opening statements --> Prosecution always starts- statement --> Defense statement --> Prosecutors evidence (burden of proof lies on prosecution) --> defense evidence --> rebuttal (prosecution)
The difference between consecutive and concurrent sentencing?
Trial Proceedures
Arraignment
Hudson v. Palmer
47. Held that when a juvenile is charged with an act taht would be a crime if committed by an adult - every element of the offense must be proved beyond reasonable doubt
4 types of courts found in the CA court system
contract attorneys
Gideon Vs. Wainwright:
In Re Winship
48. A pre-sentence report is a legal term referring to the investigation into the history of person convicted of a crime before sentencing. Probation officer makes it.
Suspended sentence
Parolve v. probation
5th Amendment
Pre-sentence report
49. Holding Cells-Convenience-Many law enforcement agencies - County Jail-Holds all level of offenders-sheriffs department Juvenile Hall-criminals under 18-probation department
'Discover'
Different type of detention facilities and their function and who operates them
Forfeiture laws
The difference between consecutive and concurrent sentencing?
50. Prohibits peremptory challenges based on gender
Parole
Terrorism- Causes:
J.E.B. vs. Alabama
Determinate sentencing