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Test your basic knowledge |
DSST Criminal Justice
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
dsst
,
law
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Circumstances relating to the commission of a crime that may be considered to reduce the blameworthiness of the defendant
Discovery:
mitigating circumstances
Balancing test
Stack Vs. Boyle
2. Mitigating - Lessens criminal responsibility and lightens sentence. Aggravating - factors that makes harsher sentence
Prisoner rights:
Probation officer
Place in correct order: Trial - Investigation - Crime - File criminal complaint - appeal - first arraignment - preliminary hearing - second arraignment - sentencing - arrest
The difference between mitigating and aggravating circumstances as it pertains to sentencing
3. Probation is a sentencing usually given instead of jail but not always - parole is a conditional release from prison
Mitigating Circumstances
Explain the difference between probation and parole
Enhancement
Court Jurisdiction
4. A formal charge or accusation of a serious crime
Rules of evidence
What is another term used to identify supreme courts
The difference between consecutive and concurrent sentencing?
Indictment
5. A legal document calling someone to court to answer an indictment
contract attorneys
Against Plea bargaining:
No lo contendre
Arraignment
6. Consecutive - one after the other and Concurrent is at same time
'Discover'
Bailiff
Wolff v. McDaniel
The difference between consecutive and concurrent sentencing?
7. An officer appointed by the judges of the court to assist in managing the flow of cases through the court - maintain court records - handle financial matters - and provide other administrative support to the court.
Court Clerk
victim impact statements
Real evidence
Terroism threat levels
8. A writ whcih requires a person under arrest to be brought before a judge or into court. This ensure that a prisoner can be released form unlawful detention.
Cause challenges:
Gregg V. Georgia
Habeus corpus
Indictment
9. Jury trial in civil cases
7th Amendment
Cause challenges:
Restitution
Real evidence
10. Opening statements --> Prosecution always starts- statement --> Defense statement --> Prosecutors evidence (burden of proof lies on prosecution) --> defense evidence --> rebuttal (prosecution)
Court Jurisdiction
5th Amendment
Trial Proceedures
Challenges to the array
11. Requires interpretation of a judge or jury to reach conclusion based on what evidence indicates
support for plea bargaining:
Ddvantages of probation and parole?
How does an individual become a federal judge
circunstancial evidence
12. Presumption of innocence- cannot be convicted unless the evidence is proved without a reasonable doubt
Presentence investigation
Explain the difference between probation and parole
restitution
Rules of evidence
13. Right to a speedy trial with unbiased jury - right to counsel
Judge
Cruz v. beto
Gideon Vs. Wainwright:
6th Amendment
14. The lawyer representing the defendant
Morissey v. Brewer
Pre-sentence report
Kentucky vs. Louisiana
Defense Attorney
15. A goal of criminal sentencing that attempts to make the victim whole again. a court requirement that an accused or convicted offender pay money or provide services to the victim of the cimre or provie services to the community
Different type of detention facilities and their function and who operates them
6th Amendment
Suspended sentence
restitution
16. Prisoners challenged the constitutionality of state regulations covering censorship of prisoner mail on the grounds that they violated the prisoners free-speech rights. REstrictions on speech must be justified as the necessity for security and the ru
Wolff v. McDaniel
Atkins v. Virginia
Small Courts Claim
Procunier vs. Martinez
17. Grand Jury
5th Amendment
Hudson v. Palmer
Criminal Complaint
Discovery:
18. State legislature can establish almost any sentence as a punishment for a crime
Lockyer v. Andrade:
Function of the Reception Centers within the CA department of Corrections?
Santobello Vs. New York
Mitigating Circumstances
19. Signifies the belief that the potential jurors are not representative of the community
Trial Jury
Challenges to the array
Pre-sentence report
What is another term used to identify supreme courts
20. Holding Cells-Convenience-Many law enforcement agencies - County Jail-Holds all level of offenders-sheriffs department Juvenile Hall-criminals under 18-probation department
The man known as the first probation officer?
List three ways a person can be released from jail
In Re Winship
Different type of detention facilities and their function and who operates them
21. Most widely used goal is to individualize punishment - inmates eligible for parole after serving minimum
aggravating circumstances
Recidivism:
Function of the Reception Centers within the CA department of Corrections?
Intermediate sentencing
22. Geographic area of the court
Prosecutor
Venue
direct evidence
baston v. kentucky
23. Any circumstances accompanying the commission of a crime that may justify a lighter sentence.
Mitigating Circumstances
5 functions which take place at an arraignment
Lockyer v. Andrade:
What is another term used to identify supreme courts
24. Jury selection process of questioning prospective jurors - to ascertain their qualifications and determine any basis for challenge.
Runs juvenile hall
Rules of evidence
Different type of detention facilities and their function and who operates them
Voir Dire
25. Probation
Parens patriae
Runs juvenile hall
baston v. kentucky
In Re Gault
26. Retain 1st amendment rights that are not inconsistent with his status as a prisoner- have rights - much the same as people who are not incarcerated. Conditional rather than absolute rights. The balancing test.
Prisoner rights:
support for plea bargaining:
Court Clerk
6th Amendment
27. Officers of the probation office of a court. Probation officer duties include conducting presentence investigations - preparing presentence reports on convicted defendants - and supervising released defendants.
Rules of evidence
Indictment
Peremptory Challenges:
Probation officer
28. Evidence that consists of physical material or traces of physical activity
Terroism threat levels
'Discover'
Real evidence
Balancing test
29. Charges - Rights - Attorney - Plea Bail/No Bail
baston v. kentucky
The man known as the first probation officer?
5 functions which take place at an arraignment
Terroism threat levels
30. Crime - Investigation - arrest - file criminal complaint - first arraignment - preliminary hearing - second arraignment - trial - sentencing - appeal
Restitution
Challenge for Cause
Place in correct order: Trial - Investigation - Crime - File criminal complaint - appeal - first arraignment - preliminary hearing - second arraignment - sentencing - arrest
determinate sentencing
31. Green- low Blue-guarded yellow-elevated orange- high red- severe
Place in correct order: Trial - Investigation - Crime - File criminal complaint - appeal - first arraignment - preliminary hearing - second arraignment - sentencing - arrest
Challenge for Cause
Rules of evidence
Terroism threat levels
32. Court holds that bail must be reasonable but set at level to insure defendant's appearance at trial
3 level of security associated with prisons
Stack Vs. Boyle
Indictment
Different type of detention facilities and their function and who operates them
33. Run by the Federal government. Charged with protecting the nation's critical infrastructure against terrorist attack.
Balancing test
Presentence investigation
Homeland security
What is another term used to identify supreme courts
34. Held that juveniles accused of crimes in a delinquency proceeding must be afforded many of the same due process rights as adults - such as the right to timely notification of the cahrges - the right to confront witnesses - the right against self-incr
In Re Gault
How does an individual become a federal judge
Court Jurisdiction
What is another term used to identify supreme courts
35. It is the receiving point for CA department of corrections
Balancing test
Santobello Vs. New York
Function of the Reception Centers within the CA department of Corrections?
Rules of evidence
36. Underlying conditions--> international encironment --> state--> organizations --> leadership
Enhancement
Atkins v. Virginia
public defender
Terrorism- Causes:
37. A model of criminal punishment in which an offender is given a fixed term of imprisonment that they may be reduced by good time or gain taim. all offendors convicted of the same crime will reciee the same punishment
determinate sentencing
Cruz v. beto
Challenge for Cause
Plea Bargain
38. Circumstances relating to the commission of a crime that make it more grave than average instance of that crime
aggravating circumstances
Court Clerk
Different type of detention facilities and their function and who operates them
Intermediate sentencing
39. 2005 - illegal to execute minors
Goals of punishment
J.E.B. vs. Alabama
Domestic terrorism
Roper v. Simmons
40. 2008 - court held that the death penalty is not appropriate for a crime that does not include the taking of a life
Prosecutor
Habeus corpus
Roper v. Simmons
Kentucky vs. Louisiana
41. A pre-sentence report is a legal term referring to the investigation into the history of person convicted of a crime before sentencing. Probation officer makes it.
Aggravated Circumstances
Real evidence
Pre-sentence report
Prisoner rights:
42. Held that when a juvenile is charged with an act taht would be a crime if committed by an adult - every element of the offense must be proved beyond reasonable doubt
3 level of security associated with prisons
Kentucky vs. Louisiana
In Re Winship
Challenge for Cause
43. Evidence that if believed proves a fact- eyewitnesses - videtapes - ec.
Judge
Goals of punishment
Arraignment
direct evidence
44. Nominated by the President
How does an individual become a federal judge
public defender
'Discover'
Explain the difference between probation and parole
45. Full time- salaried
public defender
USA Patriot Act
How does an individual become a federal judge
Runs juvenile hall
46. Group of jurors who were selected to tell if there's enough evidence or not
direct evidence
Challenges to the array
Indictment
Grand Jury
47. Least used
public defender
Arraignment
contract attorneys
Place in correct order: Trial - Investigation - Crime - File criminal complaint - appeal - first arraignment - preliminary hearing - second arraignment - sentencing - arrest
48. Not qualified - convicted felon - under indictment - can't read or write - bias - served ongrand jury - insane - etc. May arise during voir dire exmination
Cause challenges:
mitigating circumstances
Function of the Reception Centers within the CA department of Corrections?
Trial Proceedures
49. A sum of money paid in compensation for loss or injury
Judge
Indictment
Small Courts Claim
Restitution
50. Circumstances - facts - or situations that result in a harsher sentence
Aggravated Circumstances
6th Amendment
Procunier vs. Martinez
Names of the federal courts that make up the three tiers of the federal court system