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Test your basic knowledge |
DSST Criminal Justice
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
dsst
,
law
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The in court use of victim or survivor supplied information supplied by sentencing authorities seeking to make an informed sentencing decision.
In Re Winship
determinate sentencing
Challenge for Cause
victim impact statements
2. A legal document calling someone to court to answer an indictment
Arraignment
5th Amendment
Pre-sentence report
Gideon Vs. Wainwright:
3. A sum of money paid in compensation for loss or injury
Pre-sentence report
determinate sentencing
Restitution
Explain the difference between probation and parole
4. 2005 - illegal to execute minors
Cause challenges:
The man known as the first probation officer?
Roper v. Simmons
determinate sentencing
5. Circumstances - facts - or situations that result in a harsher sentence
Probation officer
Real evidence
restitution
Aggravated Circumstances
6. Officers of the probation office of a court. Probation officer duties include conducting presentence investigations - preparing presentence reports on convicted defendants - and supervising released defendants.
support for plea bargaining:
Place in correct order: Trial - Investigation - Crime - File criminal complaint - appeal - first arraignment - preliminary hearing - second arraignment - sentencing - arrest
Probation officer
restitution
7. Opening statements --> Prosecution always starts- statement --> Defense statement --> Prosecutors evidence (burden of proof lies on prosecution) --> defense evidence --> rebuttal (prosecution)
Trial Proceedures
Arraignment
Judge
In Re Gault
8. Prisoners challenged the constitutionality of state regulations covering censorship of prisoner mail on the grounds that they violated the prisoners free-speech rights. REstrictions on speech must be justified as the necessity for security and the ru
Procunier vs. Martinez
Wolff v. McDaniel
Arraignment
Aggravated Circumstances
9. Probation is a sentencing usually given instead of jail but not always - parole is a conditional release from prison
Intermediate sentencing
Atkins v. Virginia
Explain the difference between probation and parole
Small Courts Claim
10. Less courts - less judges - prompt and final disposition of most cases - reduces time/cost in jail - reduces time spent free on bail- dangerous - serious offenders move more quickly into rehab - counseling - etc. - assures that the guilty will not be
Court Jurisdiction
Venue
Defense Attorney
support for plea bargaining:
11. Amnesty - Bail - good behavior
List three ways a person can be released from jail
USA Patriot Act
6th Amendment
The difference between mitigating and aggravating circumstances as it pertains to sentencing
12. 1976 - Bifurcated trials - the guilt and innocent phase is separate from the punishment
direct evidence
7th Amendment
Terrorism- Causes:
Gregg V. Georgia
13. A goal of criminal sentencing that attempts to make the victim whole again. a court requirement that an accused or convicted offender pay money or provide services to the victim of the cimre or provie services to the community
victim impact statements
J.E.B. vs. Alabama
Discovery:
restitution
14. An officer appointed by the judges of the court to assist in managing the flow of cases through the court - maintain court records - handle financial matters - and provide other administrative support to the court.
In Re Gault
Gideon Vs. Wainwright:
Runs juvenile hall
Court Clerk
15. Inmates have to be given a reasonable opportunity to pursue their religious faiths - also visits can be banned is such visits constitute threats to society
Aggravated Circumstances
restitution
Intermediate sentencing
Cruz v. beto
16. Physical material or traces of physical activity
3 level of security associated with prisons
Names of the federal courts that make up the three tiers of the federal court system
Grand Jury
Real evidence
17. (law) a conditional release from imprisonment that entitiles the person to serve the remainder of the sentence outside the prison as long as the terms of release are complied with
Ddvantages of probation and parole?
In Re Gault
Parole
restitution
18. Requires interpretation of a judge or jury to reach conclusion based on what evidence indicates
circunstancial evidence
Mitigating Circumstances
Determinate sentencing
Kentucky vs. Louisiana
19. A writ whcih requires a person under arrest to be brought before a judge or into court. This ensure that a prisoner can be released form unlawful detention.
Homeland security
public defender
Court Jurisdiction
Habeus corpus
20. Circumstances relating to the commission of a crime that may be considered to reduce the blameworthiness of the defendant
mitigating circumstances
The difference between mitigating and aggravating circumstances as it pertains to sentencing
Rules of evidence
Pre-sentence report
21. Parole is earned - probation is part of a sentence
Goals of punishment
Cruz v. beto
Parolve v. probation
Real evidence
22. Right to a speedy trial with unbiased jury - right to counsel
Grand Jury
Probation officer
6th Amendment
How does an individual become a federal judge
23. Nominated by the President
In Re Gault
How does an individual become a federal judge
Challenge for Cause
Parole
24. Not qualified - convicted felon - under indictment - can't read or write - bias - served ongrand jury - insane - etc. May arise during voir dire exmination
6th Amendment
Cause challenges:
Intermediate sentencing
Prosecutor
25. Prohibits peremptory challenges based on gender
J.E.B. vs. Alabama
Prosecutor
Pre-sentence report
contract attorneys
26. Held that juveniles accused of crimes in a delinquency proceeding must be afforded many of the same due process rights as adults - such as the right to timely notification of the cahrges - the right to confront witnesses - the right against self-incr
In Re Gault
Wolff v. McDaniel
Balancing test
aggravating circumstances
27. Any circumstances accompanying the commission of a crime that may justify a lighter sentence.
Mitigating Circumstances
Criminal Complaint
Court Clerk
Trial Proceedures
28. In pre-trial in which each party can obtain evidence from opposing party
4 types of courts found in the CA court system
baston v. kentucky
Discovery:
Hudson v. Palmer
29. Grand Jury
5 functions which take place at an arraignment
Rules of evidence
5th Amendment
Homeland security
30. The act of a person repeating of an undesirable behavior after thay have either experienced negative consequences of that behavior or have been treated or trained to extinguish that behavior.
Recidivism:
contract attorneys
List three ways a person can be released from jail
Cruz v. beto
31. Jury trial in civil cases
Domestic terrorism
direct evidence
7th Amendment
Gregg V. Georgia
32. Circumstances relating to the commission of a crime that make it more grave than average instance of that crime
Probation officer
aggravating circumstances
Cause challenges:
Procunier vs. Martinez
33. The lawyer representing the defendant
indeterminate sentencing
Defense Attorney
Real evidence
Terroism threat levels
34. The unlawful use of force or violence by an individual or a group that is based and operatues entirely within the U.S. and its territories - acts without foreign direction and directs its activites agaits elements of the us government or population
Domestic terrorism
5th Amendment
Arraignment
support for plea bargaining:
35. Level 1 - 2 - and 3
Balancing test
Court Clerk
3 level of security associated with prisons
indeterminate sentencing
36. A written statement of the essential facts making up the offense charged
Aggravated Circumstances
Payne V. Tennessee
Criminal Complaint
Terrorism- Causes:
37. Criminals recieve lighter/easier punishments- nota true sentence- endangers the correct legal outcome. It's coercion- bluffing- violation of human rights- prosecutors bluff and defendants plead to things they didn't do out of fear
Against Plea bargaining:
indeterminate sentencing
Explain the difference between probation and parole
Determinate sentencing
38. The authorized seizure of money - negotiable instruments - securities - or other things of value. Under federal antidrug laws - judicial representatives are authorized to seize all cash and goods.
Domestic terrorism
Against Plea bargaining:
Forfeiture laws
Terrorism- Causes:
39. An officer of the court who is employed to execute writs and processes and make arrests etc.
Prisoner rights:
Challenges to the array
Bailiff
USA Patriot Act
40. A period of incarceration that is fixed by a sentencing authority and cannot be reduced by judges or other corrections officials.
Determinate sentencing
Lockyer v. Andrade:
Challenge for Cause
Intermediate sentencing
41. U.S Districts Courts - U.S. Court of Appeal - U.S. Supreme Court
Names of the federal courts that make up the three tiers of the federal court system
determinate sentencing
Probation
Discovery:
42. Holding Cells-Convenience-Many law enforcement agencies - County Jail-Holds all level of offenders-sheriffs department Juvenile Hall-criminals under 18-probation department
Different type of detention facilities and their function and who operates them
'Discover'
How does an individual become a federal judge
3 level of security associated with prisons
43. A fedral law enacted in response to terrorist attacks on the WTC and the Pentagon on September 11 -2001. The law officially titled the Uniting and Strengthening America by providing Appropriate Tools Required to intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act -
Enhancement
Small Courts Claim
Cause challenges:
USA Patriot Act
44. Probation
6th Amendment
Runs juvenile hall
Real evidence
Probation officer
45. Consecutive - one after the other and Concurrent is at same time
Voir Dire
Parolve v. probation
3 level of security associated with prisons
The difference between consecutive and concurrent sentencing?
46. Evidence that if believed proves a fact- eyewitnesses - videtapes - ec.
restitution
Probation
direct evidence
5th Amendment
47. A model of criminal punishment that encourages the rehabilitiation through the use of general and relatively unspecific sentences
Wolff v. McDaniel
indeterminate sentencing
J.E.B. vs. Alabama
Pre-sentence report
48. A public official authorized to decide questions brought before a court of justice
Judge
Roper v. Simmons
Trial Proceedures
support for plea bargaining:
49. The right to challenge a potential juror without discling the reason for the challenge. Used to eliminate juries individuals who although they express no bias are thought to be capable of swaying the jury in an undesirable way
Peremptory Challenges:
Indictment
The difference between mitigating and aggravating circumstances as it pertains to sentencing
Intermediate sentencing
50. Things that add on to sentencing
The difference between mitigating and aggravating circumstances as it pertains to sentencing
Recidivism:
Enhancement
Plea Bargain