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Test your basic knowledge |
DSST Criminal Justice
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
dsst
,
law
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Held that when a juvenile is charged with an act taht would be a crime if committed by an adult - every element of the offense must be proved beyond reasonable doubt
Domestic terrorism
Parens patriae
Lockyer v. Andrade:
In Re Winship
2. Group of jurors who were selected to tell if there's enough evidence or not
Peremptory Challenges:
Grand Jury
restitution
Hudson v. Palmer
3. Less courts - less judges - prompt and final disposition of most cases - reduces time/cost in jail - reduces time spent free on bail- dangerous - serious offenders move more quickly into rehab - counseling - etc. - assures that the guilty will not be
support for plea bargaining:
Forfeiture laws
victim impact statements
Kentucky vs. Louisiana
4. 1 - Costs tax players less - 2 - Restitution can be made - 3 - Community work
Kentucky vs. Louisiana
restitution
Ddvantages of probation and parole?
Hudson v. Palmer
5. Plea bargaining is an essential component of the new admistration of justice and must be highly encouraged
Explain the difference between probation and parole
Preliminary Hearing
Santobello Vs. New York
aggravating circumstances
6. Rules: no attorneys - maximum loss money 7 -500
Small Courts Claim
Atkins v. Virginia
List three ways a person can be released from jail
Challenges to the array
7. Evidence that consists of physical material or traces of physical activity
Ddvantages of probation and parole?
Recidivism:
Real evidence
Plea Bargain
8. A period of incarceration that is fixed by a sentencing authority and cannot be reduced by judges or other corrections officials.
circunstancial evidence
Small Courts Claim
Determinate sentencing
Intermediate sentencing
9. Retain 1st amendment rights that are not inconsistent with his status as a prisoner- have rights - much the same as people who are not incarcerated. Conditional rather than absolute rights. The balancing test.
Real evidence
Prisoner rights:
public defender
Court Jurisdiction
10. Mitigating - Lessens criminal responsibility and lightens sentence. Aggravating - factors that makes harsher sentence
Trial Jury
The difference between mitigating and aggravating circumstances as it pertains to sentencing
Prosecutor
3 level of security associated with prisons
11. Officers of the probation office of a court. Probation officer duties include conducting presentence investigations - preparing presentence reports on convicted defendants - and supervising released defendants.
Grand Jury
5th Amendment
Judge
Probation officer
12. Prisoners challenged the constitutionality of state regulations covering censorship of prisoner mail on the grounds that they violated the prisoners free-speech rights. REstrictions on speech must be justified as the necessity for security and the ru
Procunier vs. Martinez
Terrorism- Causes:
The man known as the first probation officer?
5th Amendment
13. Criminals recieve lighter/easier punishments- nota true sentence- endangers the correct legal outcome. It's coercion- bluffing- violation of human rights- prosecutors bluff and defendants plead to things they didn't do out of fear
Goals of punishment
Challenge for Cause
Against Plea bargaining:
Terrorism- Causes:
14. The in court use of victim or survivor supplied information supplied by sentencing authorities seeking to make an informed sentencing decision.
victim impact statements
4 types of courts found in the CA court system
In Re Gault
Payne V. Tennessee
15. Signifies the belief that the potential jurors are not representative of the community
Plea Bargain
Criminal Complaint
Challenges to the array
In Re Winship
16. Excusing a juror from a trial for a stated - specific reason - such as the juror knows the parties or witnesses in a case. Each side has an unlimited number of challenges for cause.
Challenge for Cause
Court Clerk
victim impact statements
The difference between mitigating and aggravating circumstances as it pertains to sentencing
17. A common law principle that allows the state to assume a parental role and to take custody of a child when he or she becomes delinquent - is abandoned or is need of care taht the natural parents are unable or unwilling to provide
Parens patriae
Presentence investigation
Voir Dire
4 types of courts found in the CA court system
18. Nominated by the President
How does an individual become a federal judge
circunstancial evidence
Aggravated Circumstances
Habeus corpus
19. A written statement of the essential facts making up the offense charged
Procunier vs. Martinez
Challenge for Cause
victim impact statements
Criminal Complaint
20. Jury trial in civil cases
Payne V. Tennessee
7th Amendment
Plea Bargain
How does an individual become a federal judge
21. Parole is earned - probation is part of a sentence
Preliminary Hearing
Criminal Complaint
Cruz v. beto
Parolve v. probation
22. Level 1 - 2 - and 3
Peremptory Challenges:
3 level of security associated with prisons
Trial Jury
Different type of detention facilities and their function and who operates them
23. Any circumstances accompanying the commission of a crime that may justify a lighter sentence.
Mitigating Circumstances
Bailiff
3 level of security associated with prisons
6th Amendment
24. Decides guilt or innocence
Atkins v. Virginia
Trial Jury
Lockyer v. Andrade:
Payne V. Tennessee
25. The act of a person repeating of an undesirable behavior after thay have either experienced negative consequences of that behavior or have been treated or trained to extinguish that behavior.
Kentucky vs. Louisiana
Court apointed council
Recidivism:
Probation officer
26. Probation is a sentencing usually given instead of jail but not always - parole is a conditional release from prison
Explain the difference between probation and parole
The man known as the first probation officer?
Suspended sentence
Gideon Vs. Wainwright:
27. In pre-trial in which each party can obtain evidence from opposing party
Small Courts Claim
USA Patriot Act
Discovery:
Criminal Complaint
28. Inmates have to be given a reasonable opportunity to pursue their religious faiths - also visits can be banned is such visits constitute threats to society
Peremptory Challenges:
Place in correct order: Trial - Investigation - Crime - File criminal complaint - appeal - first arraignment - preliminary hearing - second arraignment - sentencing - arrest
How does an individual become a federal judge
Cruz v. beto
29. Investigation into the history of the person convicted of a crime to see if tehere are an extenuating circumstances which would ameliorate or increase sentence
Presentence investigation
Goals of punishment
Indictment
Real evidence
30. Crime - Investigation - arrest - file criminal complaint - first arraignment - preliminary hearing - second arraignment - trial - sentencing - appeal
Pre-sentence report
Presentence investigation
The difference between consecutive and concurrent sentencing?
Place in correct order: Trial - Investigation - Crime - File criminal complaint - appeal - first arraignment - preliminary hearing - second arraignment - sentencing - arrest
31. 1976 - Bifurcated trials - the guilt and innocent phase is separate from the punishment
Suspended sentence
Hudson v. Palmer
Gregg V. Georgia
Ddvantages of probation and parole?
32. A legal term for judges delaying of the sentence after they have been found guilty - in order to allow the defendant to perform a period of probation
4 types of courts found in the CA court system
Real evidence
Suspended sentence
Pre-sentence report
33. Made victim impact statements legal
Indictment
Procunier vs. Martinez
Preliminary Hearing
Payne V. Tennessee
34. Holding Cells-Convenience-Many law enforcement agencies - County Jail-Holds all level of offenders-sheriffs department Juvenile Hall-criminals under 18-probation department
support for plea bargaining:
Peremptory Challenges:
Different type of detention facilities and their function and who operates them
Explain the difference between probation and parole
35. An officer of the court who is employed to execute writs and processes and make arrests etc.
Enhancement
Recidivism:
Bailiff
indeterminate sentencing
36. A formal charge or accusation of a serious crime
The difference between mitigating and aggravating circumstances as it pertains to sentencing
Against Plea bargaining:
Prosecutor
Indictment
37. Opening statements --> Prosecution always starts- statement --> Defense statement --> Prosecutors evidence (burden of proof lies on prosecution) --> defense evidence --> rebuttal (prosecution)
Trial Proceedures
Indictment
3 level of security associated with prisons
5 functions which take place at an arraignment
38. 2003 - illegal to execute mentally retarded
Prisoner rights:
Atkins v. Virginia
Probation
support for plea bargaining:
39. Full time- salaried
Enhancement
Names of the federal courts that make up the three tiers of the federal court system
public defender
Voir Dire
40. The unlawful use of force or violence by an individual or a group that is based and operatues entirely within the U.S. and its territories - acts without foreign direction and directs its activites agaits elements of the us government or population
Recidivism:
Defense Attorney
Explain the difference between probation and parole
Domestic terrorism
41. A prisoner has no reasoable expectations of privacy in his prison cell and no protections against what would otherwise be unreasonable searches 4th amendment
Hudson v. Palmer
3 level of security associated with prisons
In Re Winship
Trial Proceedures
42. Fee based on state rate
Court Clerk
Court apointed council
Probation officer
Cruz v. beto
43. A court that hears a case the first time it is tried in court. A trial court is a court of original jurisdiction.
Parens patriae
Court Jurisdiction
Recidivism:
Kentucky vs. Louisiana
44. An officer appointed by the judges of the court to assist in managing the flow of cases through the court - maintain court records - handle financial matters - and provide other administrative support to the court.
Homeland security
Arraignment
Court Clerk
Defense Attorney
45. The right to challenge a potential juror without discling the reason for the challenge. Used to eliminate juries individuals who although they express no bias are thought to be capable of swaying the jury in an undesirable way
List three ways a person can be released from jail
Atkins v. Virginia
Peremptory Challenges:
Rules of evidence
46. A sum of money paid in compensation for loss or injury
Restitution
Real evidence
Voir Dire
Intermediate sentencing
47. Pretrial proceedings at which the prosecutor must prove that a crime was committed and establish the probable guilt of the defendant.
USA Patriot Act
Preliminary Hearing
Procunier vs. Martinez
Names of the federal courts that make up the three tiers of the federal court system
48. Right to a speedy trial with unbiased jury - right to counsel
Real evidence
Different type of detention facilities and their function and who operates them
USA Patriot Act
6th Amendment
49. Pretrial phase of a law suit where each party can obtain any evidence from the opposing side
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50. Geographic area of the court
Presentence investigation
Roper v. Simmons
Venue
USA Patriot Act
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