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Test your basic knowledge |
DSST Criminal Justice
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
dsst
,
law
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Circumstances - facts - or situations that result in a harsher sentence
Venue
Against Plea bargaining:
Aggravated Circumstances
In Re Gault
2. Amnesty - Bail - good behavior
How does an individual become a federal judge
Indictment
List three ways a person can be released from jail
Intermediate sentencing
3. Any circumstances accompanying the commission of a crime that may justify a lighter sentence.
Small Courts Claim
direct evidence
Mitigating Circumstances
Voir Dire
4. Inmates have to be given a reasonable opportunity to pursue their religious faiths - also visits can be banned is such visits constitute threats to society
Parens patriae
Cruz v. beto
mitigating circumstances
Different type of detention facilities and their function and who operates them
5. Things that add on to sentencing
Aggravated Circumstances
In Re Gault
Ddvantages of probation and parole?
Enhancement
6. Trial Court - superior court - pellet superior court - supreme court
3 level of security associated with prisons
4 types of courts found in the CA court system
Function of the Reception Centers within the CA department of Corrections?
What is another term used to identify supreme courts
7. State legislature can establish almost any sentence as a punishment for a crime
Lockyer v. Andrade:
Runs juvenile hall
Small Courts Claim
In Re Gault
8. A formal charge or accusation of a serious crime
Indictment
Cause challenges:
Probation
5th Amendment
9. U.S Districts Courts - U.S. Court of Appeal - U.S. Supreme Court
Grand Jury
Names of the federal courts that make up the three tiers of the federal court system
Trial Proceedures
5 functions which take place at an arraignment
10. The unlawful use of force or violence by an individual or a group that is based and operatues entirely within the U.S. and its territories - acts without foreign direction and directs its activites agaits elements of the us government or population
Court apointed council
Domestic terrorism
aggravating circumstances
Goals of punishment
11. Jury selection process of questioning prospective jurors - to ascertain their qualifications and determine any basis for challenge.
direct evidence
Voir Dire
Plea Bargain
Venue
12. A common law principle that allows the state to assume a parental role and to take custody of a child when he or she becomes delinquent - is abandoned or is need of care taht the natural parents are unable or unwilling to provide
Grand Jury
Prisoner rights:
Plea Bargain
Parens patriae
13. Physical material or traces of physical activity
Real evidence
USA Patriot Act
Cruz v. beto
Domestic terrorism
14. Full time- salaried
Mitigating Circumstances
public defender
Morissey v. Brewer
Indictment
15. A legal term for judges delaying of the sentence after they have been found guilty - in order to allow the defendant to perform a period of probation
Suspended sentence
Intermediate sentencing
Payne V. Tennessee
Gideon Vs. Wainwright:
16. Plea bargaining is an essential component of the new admistration of justice and must be highly encouraged
Court Jurisdiction
In Re Gault
Santobello Vs. New York
aggravating circumstances
17. A principle developed by the courts and applied to the corrections arena by pell v. procunier that attempts to weigh the rights of an individual as guaranteed by the Constituion - against the authority of states of make laws or to otherwise restrict
direct evidence
Balancing test
Court Clerk
Prosecutor
18. Held that when a juvenile is charged with an act taht would be a crime if committed by an adult - every element of the offense must be proved beyond reasonable doubt
In Re Winship
Parole
Parens patriae
List three ways a person can be released from jail
19. Criminals recieve lighter/easier punishments- nota true sentence- endangers the correct legal outcome. It's coercion- bluffing- violation of human rights- prosecutors bluff and defendants plead to things they didn't do out of fear
Against Plea bargaining:
Parens patriae
Probation officer
Restitution
20. Opening statements --> Prosecution always starts- statement --> Defense statement --> Prosecutors evidence (burden of proof lies on prosecution) --> defense evidence --> rebuttal (prosecution)
Probation officer
Gideon Vs. Wainwright:
Procunier vs. Martinez
Trial Proceedures
21. 2003 - illegal to execute mentally retarded
Arraignment
Atkins v. Virginia
Probation officer
circunstancial evidence
22. Requires interpretation of a judge or jury to reach conclusion based on what evidence indicates
Cause challenges:
Suspended sentence
Mitigating Circumstances
circunstancial evidence
23. Pretrial phase of a law suit where each party can obtain any evidence from the opposing side
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24. 1974 - sanctions cannot be levied against inmates without appropriate due process
Place in correct order: Trial - Investigation - Crime - File criminal complaint - appeal - first arraignment - preliminary hearing - second arraignment - sentencing - arrest
Wolff v. McDaniel
Trial Proceedures
Pre-sentence report
25. Parole is earned - probation is part of a sentence
Court Jurisdiction
Parolve v. probation
Goals of punishment
Venue
26. A goal of criminal sentencing that attempts to make the victim whole again. a court requirement that an accused or convicted offender pay money or provide services to the victim of the cimre or provie services to the community
4 types of courts found in the CA court system
restitution
Real evidence
6th Amendment
27. Circumstances relating to the commission of a crime that may be considered to reduce the blameworthiness of the defendant
Parole
Parens patriae
Presentence investigation
mitigating circumstances
28. Most widely used goal is to individualize punishment - inmates eligible for parole after serving minimum
Intermediate sentencing
support for plea bargaining:
In Re Winship
No lo contendre
29. Prisoners challenged the constitutionality of state regulations covering censorship of prisoner mail on the grounds that they violated the prisoners free-speech rights. REstrictions on speech must be justified as the necessity for security and the ru
Procunier vs. Martinez
Parolve v. probation
The difference between mitigating and aggravating circumstances as it pertains to sentencing
Homeland security
30. It is the receiving point for CA department of corrections
No lo contendre
Mitigating Circumstances
Function of the Reception Centers within the CA department of Corrections?
Prisoner rights:
31. A writ whcih requires a person under arrest to be brought before a judge or into court. This ensure that a prisoner can be released form unlawful detention.
How does an individual become a federal judge
Habeus corpus
Runs juvenile hall
Real evidence
32. Pretrial proceedings at which the prosecutor must prove that a crime was committed and establish the probable guilt of the defendant.
Lockyer v. Andrade:
Forfeiture laws
Preliminary Hearing
mitigating circumstances
33. Process of negotiating an agreement w/ defendant - protectors - and the court
Plea Bargain
Morissey v. Brewer
Cruz v. beto
The difference between mitigating and aggravating circumstances as it pertains to sentencing
34. Court holds that bail must be reasonable but set at level to insure defendant's appearance at trial
Intermediate sentencing
Arraignment
List three ways a person can be released from jail
Stack Vs. Boyle
35. Less courts - less judges - prompt and final disposition of most cases - reduces time/cost in jail - reduces time spent free on bail- dangerous - serious offenders move more quickly into rehab - counseling - etc. - assures that the guilty will not be
6th Amendment
J.E.B. vs. Alabama
aggravating circumstances
support for plea bargaining:
36. A prisoner has no reasoable expectations of privacy in his prison cell and no protections against what would otherwise be unreasonable searches 4th amendment
Hudson v. Palmer
Trial Proceedures
direct evidence
Wolff v. McDaniel
37. Run by the Federal government. Charged with protecting the nation's critical infrastructure against terrorist attack.
Mitigating Circumstances
Homeland security
Arraignment
Explain the difference between probation and parole
38. Made victim impact statements legal
Presentence investigation
Judge
Payne V. Tennessee
Criminal Complaint
39. A government official who conducts criminal prosecutions on behalf of the state
Wolff v. McDaniel
List three ways a person can be released from jail
Prosecutor
Defense Attorney
40. Geographic area of the court
How does an individual become a federal judge
circunstancial evidence
Court Clerk
Venue
41. A pre-sentence report is a legal term referring to the investigation into the history of person convicted of a crime before sentencing. Probation officer makes it.
6th Amendment
aggravating circumstances
Pre-sentence report
Recidivism:
42. Least used
Preliminary Hearing
What is another term used to identify supreme courts
public defender
contract attorneys
43. (law) a way of dealing with offenders without imprisoning them
Trial Jury
Probation
restitution
Explain the difference between probation and parole
44. Evidence that consists of physical material or traces of physical activity
Defense Attorney
Roper v. Simmons
Homeland security
Real evidence
45. 1 - Costs tax players less - 2 - Restitution can be made - 3 - Community work
5 functions which take place at an arraignment
Ddvantages of probation and parole?
What is another term used to identify supreme courts
Court Jurisdiction
46. An officer of the court who is employed to execute writs and processes and make arrests etc.
Venue
Bailiff
Voir Dire
How does an individual become a federal judge
47. (law) a conditional release from imprisonment that entitiles the person to serve the remainder of the sentence outside the prison as long as the terms of release are complied with
Habeus corpus
Kentucky vs. Louisiana
Parole
Trial Proceedures
48. Investigation into the history of the person convicted of a crime to see if tehere are an extenuating circumstances which would ameliorate or increase sentence
Voir Dire
baston v. kentucky
Presentence investigation
Suspended sentence
49. Fee based on state rate
Payne V. Tennessee
Judge
In Re Winship
Court apointed council
50. The in court use of victim or survivor supplied information supplied by sentencing authorities seeking to make an informed sentencing decision.
Restitution
Goals of punishment
victim impact statements
Determinate sentencing
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