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DSST Criminal Justice And Law Enforcement

Subjects : dsst, law-enforcement
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Sheriff






2. Miranda vs. Arizona






3. The sum of selected offenses used to measure crime rates and their fluctuations reported to law enforcement. The offenses included in the Crime Index total are the violent crimes of Murder and Nonnegligent Manslaughter - Forcible Rape - Robbery - and






4. When must a suspect be informed of their Miranda rights?






5. Guilty act - external or objective of the crime






6. 20%






7. Person receives money through coercion - Demanding money for not writing ticket






8. Speaking out - defendant speaking out on their own behalf prior sentencing






9. Remain silent - Anything said can be used in court - Right to counsel - Right to attorney during questioning - If indigent (poor) right to have attorney provided






10. Due process (4th and 5th) - in a capital trial - the defendant must be given access to counsel upon his or her own request as part of due process






11. What victimless crime would be most likely to be prosecuted?






12. Voluntary - 95% participate - only the highest scoring offense is scored and the rest are ignored






13. 4th amendment - no warrant w/o probable cause - search warrants for felonies - officer cannot cross threshold without an arrest warrant - arrest warrant CAN enter - search warrant cannot -






14. 6th amendment counsel must be provided for indigent (poor) defendants






15. 8th amendment - no cruel and unusual punishment - Death penalty not allowed for mentally retarded persons






16. 5th amendment - due process - Juvenile Justice - Some due process must be followed even though juvenile court is civil - not criminal - Granted minors charged with crimes the same rights as adults. Significance: ushered in an era of reform in the juv






17. No unreasonable search and seizure - no warrant without probable cause






18. Fastest growing group of criminals in the United States






19. Guilty mind - act does not make guilty without the mind - add actus rea to mens rea = crime






20. 1215 - Magna Carta






21. Citizenship clause - due process - equal protection - impeachment - debt






22. Delinquent because of the offender's status as a minor - typically dealt with by social services agencies - do not require intervention from the juvenile court. Includes: underage consumption of alcohol - driving without a license - truancy from scho






23. Illinois - 1899






24. First Juvenile hall






25. Similar to burglary. The major difference between the two is that the perpetrator did not illegally enter a structure by using forcible - non forcible or attempted forcible entry (with the exception of a motor vehicle.) All thefts of motor vehicles o






26. UCR = police report - NCVS = survey of households - comparisons of the UCR and NCVS data sets show there to be a high degree of correspondence between the two systems.






27. Where did common law come ?






28. 4th and 5th amendment - Interrogation responses allowed only when attorney rights have been understood and waived






29. State Prison - 1819 NY - 1st electric chair execution (1890) - Schedule of hard work in day - then prayer and contemplation - Segregated by type of crime - Originated the black stripe uniform - Also called the congregate system - inmates congregate d






30. Empowered to hear appeal of lower trial court






31. Exclusionary rule (comes from 4th - 5th and 6th) - Tax books were illegally seized - Evidence not admissible in court - 'fruit from poisoned tree' theory -






32. 4TH amendment - search and seizure - Good faith exception to exclusionary rule - Good faith (bona fides) = officer believes the search warrant is valid






33. Judge ordered incarceration for a short time (30-120 days) - the release to probation (aka reconsider then recall)






34. 4th amendment - search and seizure - Ruled that prison cells could be searched - that prisoners have no right against search and seizure - Decision: Fourth Amendment does not apply to prison inmates - Significance: After Hudson - prisoners who are tr






35. In the place (instead) of the parent - allows The state or institutions to act on behalf of their students and non biological parents to act as biological parents on behalf of the child






36. 'you are to have the body' - person in custody who is summoned must be shown court order or proof that the authority has the right to detain






37. New York had first due process clause in their bill of rights - NY insisted due process be added to US BOR - Madison added it






38. Murder and nonnegligent homicide; nonlethal violent crimes comprising robbery - forcible rape and aggravated assault; property crimes comprising burglary - larceny/theft - motor vehicle theft -arson






39. Trial by jury - rights of the accused - Confrontation of witnesses - Speedy trial - Public trial - Right to counsel






40. Wrong or evil - conduct wrong by nature - used as the basis for common law






41. Civil service reform - 1883 - gov jobs on basis of merit - exams - not politics






42. 4th amendment - search and seizure - S&S not violated if officer has suspicion of suspect being armed - May search outer person and clothing for weapons - Called a (Terry stop) = stop and frisk - Extended to temporary detention of people in vehicles






43. No excessive bail - no cruel and unusual punishment






44. Wrong only because it is prohibited - unlawful act by virtue of statute






45. New York






46. A computerized index of criminal justice information (i.e. criminal record history information - fugitives - stolen properties - missing persons). It is available to Federal - state - and local law enforcement and other criminal justice agencies and






47. Boston (1838)






48. Growing quickly - 3 mil+ since 2010 - Strict sentencing and economic benefits






49. 8th amendment - no cruel and unusual punishment - Ruled that the death penalty was NOT cruel and unusual punishment






50. Unlawful entry of a 'structure' to commit a felony or a theft. Burglary is commonly known as a 'break in -' or - 'breaking and entering.' A 'structure' is usually in reference to physical buildings but not cars. Car breakins or thefts are considered