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DSST Criminal Justice And Law Enforcement

Subjects : dsst, law-enforcement
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 1769 - England - No coerced self incriminating evidence. 1789 US - Bill of Rights - 4th and 5th amendments - No search and seizure without probable cause. 1960's US - No involuntary confessions. 1961 US - Mapp vs. Ohio gives exclusionary rights to st






2. Wrong only because it is prohibited - unlawful act by virtue of statute






3. 4th and 5th amendment - Interrogation responses allowed only when attorney rights have been understood and waived






4. 20%






5. 4th amendment - no warrant w/o probable cause - search warrants for felonies - officer cannot cross threshold without an arrest warrant - arrest warrant CAN enter - search warrant cannot -






6. Where did common law come ?






7. 6th amendment counsel must be provided for indigent (poor) defendants






8. What is the U.S. Justice System based on?






9. State Prison - 1819 NY - 1st electric chair execution (1890) - Schedule of hard work in day - then prayer and contemplation - Segregated by type of crime - Originated the black stripe uniform - Also called the congregate system - inmates congregate d






10. Delinquent because of the offender's status as a minor - typically dealt with by social services agencies - do not require intervention from the juvenile court. Includes: underage consumption of alcohol - driving without a license - truancy from scho






11. 4th amendment - search and seizure - Ruled that evidence violating search and seizure protections may not be used is STATE and FEDERAL court - Mapp applies the 4th amendment to state courts






12. Boston (1838)






13. Not accutate - relies on local law enforcement agency - can only measure crime known to police - cannot provide an accurate representation of actual crime rates. Misrepresentation: focused upon street crime -does not record information on many other






14. Speaking out - defendant speaking out on their own behalf prior sentencing






15. No excessive bail - no cruel and unusual punishment






16. New York had first due process clause in their bill of rights - NY insisted due process be added to US BOR - Madison added it






17. Remain silent - Anything said can be used in court - Right to counsel - Right to attorney during questioning - If indigent (poor) right to have attorney provided






18. 16%






19. A computerized index of criminal justice information (i.e. criminal record history information - fugitives - stolen properties - missing persons). It is available to Federal - state - and local law enforcement and other criminal justice agencies and






20. Due process (4th and 5th) - in a capital trial - the defendant must be given access to counsel upon his or her own request as part of due process






21. Trial by jury - rights of the accused - Confrontation of witnesses - Speedy trial - Public trial - Right to counsel






22. 4th amendment - search and seizure - Ruled that prison cells could be searched - that prisoners have no right against search and seizure - Decision: Fourth Amendment does not apply to prison inmates - Significance: After Hudson - prisoners who are tr






23. UCR = police report - NCVS = survey of households - comparisons of the UCR and NCVS data sets show there to be a high degree of correspondence between the two systems.






24. Taking or attempting to take something of value from another person by use of force - threats or intimidation. It is committed in the presence of the victim - divided into different 'degrees'. The degrees vary by state and can also depend on whether






25. Similar to burglary. The major difference between the two is that the perpetrator did not illegally enter a structure by using forcible - non forcible or attempted forcible entry (with the exception of a motor vehicle.) All thefts of motor vehicles o






26. Murder and nonnegligent homicide; nonlethal violent crimes comprising robbery - forcible rape and aggravated assault; property crimes comprising burglary - larceny/theft - motor vehicle theft -arson






27. The Metropolitan Police Department of London






28. 5th amendment - due process - Juvenile Justice - Some due process must be followed even though juvenile court is civil - not criminal - Granted minors charged with crimes the same rights as adults. Significance: ushered in an era of reform in the juv






29. Exclusionary rule (comes from 4th - 5th and 6th) - Tax books were illegally seized - Evidence not admissible in court - 'fruit from poisoned tree' theory -






30. Wrong or evil - conduct wrong by nature - used as the basis for common law






31. Empowered to hear appeal of lower trial court






32. Does not include homicides - survey of households - expensive to conduct - covers the frequency of crime victimization






33. Judge ordered incarceration for a short time (30-120 days) - the release to probation (aka reconsider then recall)






34. Citizenship clause - due process - equal protection - impeachment - debt






35. Formed the Met police of London at Scotland Yard - London system was national - origin of the term 'bobbies' - 'The Father of Modern Policing' - 'Police are public - public are police.'






36. Sheriff






37. 4th amendment - search and seizure - S&S not violated if officer has suspicion of suspect being armed - May search outer person and clothing for weapons - Called a (Terry stop) = stop and frisk - Extended to temporary detention of people in vehicles






38. Probation is front end - sentence in leu of incarceration - a sentence option for misdemeanors and some felonies - a decision by the JUDGE - parole is back end - supervised release of a prisoner before completion of prison sentence - a decision by th






39. Miranda vs. Arizona






40. 4TH amendment - search and seizure - Good faith exception to exclusionary rule - Good faith (bona fides) = officer believes the search warrant is valid






41. 8th amendment - no cruel and unusual punishment - Ruled that the death penalty was NOT cruel and unusual punishment






42. The sum of selected offenses used to measure crime rates and their fluctuations reported to law enforcement. The offenses included in the Crime Index total are the violent crimes of Murder and Nonnegligent Manslaughter - Forcible Rape - Robbery - and






43. 8th amendment - no cruel and unusual punishment - Death penalty not allowed for mentally retarded persons






44. Actions prohibited by a class - most often committed by minors - motive not considered






45. All police departments' stats - published in summary form - FBI - 29 types of offenses -






46. Guilty mind - act does not make guilty without the mind - add actus rea to mens rea = crime






47. Unlawful entry of a 'structure' to commit a felony or a theft. Burglary is commonly known as a 'break in -' or - 'breaking and entering.' A 'structure' is usually in reference to physical buildings but not cars. Car breakins or thefts are considered






48. What would make an Officer want to stay in the police force longer?






49. Willful homicide - forcible rape - robbery - burglary - aggravated assault - larceny over $50 - motor vehicle theft - arson






50. Civil service reform - 1883 - gov jobs on basis of merit - exams - not politics