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DSST Criminal Justice And Law Enforcement

Subjects : dsst, law-enforcement
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Miranda vs. Arizona






2. Probation is front end - sentence in leu of incarceration - a sentence option for misdemeanors and some felonies - a decision by the JUDGE - parole is back end - supervised release of a prisoner before completion of prison sentence - a decision by th






3. Berkley California police chief - Developed the office of police chief - Integrated records system - 'Father of Modern Law Enforcement' - Taught O.W. Wilson at Berkley - Wanted policemen to have degrees - Removed politics from policing - First to use






4. Leader in management systems in policing - Chief in Chicago - Fullerton CA - Wichita KS - Author - Student of Vollmer - Believed in police omnipresence - 2 way radios and quick response - single officer patrol cars






5. 6th amendment counsel must be provided for indigent (poor) defendants






6. 4th amendment - search and seizure - Ruled that evidence violating search and seizure protections may not be used is STATE and FEDERAL court - Mapp applies the 4th amendment to state courts






7. Delinquent because of the offender's status as a minor - typically dealt with by social services agencies - do not require intervention from the juvenile court. Includes: underage consumption of alcohol - driving without a license - truancy from scho






8. Empowered to hear appeal of lower trial court






9. Murder and nonnegligent homicide; nonlethal violent crimes comprising robbery - forcible rape and aggravated assault; property crimes comprising burglary - larceny/theft - motor vehicle theft -arson






10. Fastest growing group of criminals in the United States






11. Payton - Terry - Leon - Mapp - Tenn - Hudson






12. A computerized index of criminal justice information (i.e. criminal record history information - fugitives - stolen properties - missing persons). It is available to Federal - state - and local law enforcement and other criminal justice agencies and






13. Guilty act - external or objective of the crime






14. Divide the amount a particular crime is committed by the total population for the city. So if the crime of assault was committed 4 -000 times in a city of 120 -000 - you divide 4 -000 by 120 -000. The answer comes up to be about .03 (or 3%). This mea






15. Unlawful entry of a 'structure' to commit a felony or a theft. Burglary is commonly known as a 'break in -' or - 'breaking and entering.' A 'structure' is usually in reference to physical buildings but not cars. Car breakins or thefts are considered






16. 1769 - England - No coerced self incriminating evidence. 1789 US - Bill of Rights - 4th and 5th amendments - No search and seizure without probable cause. 1960's US - No involuntary confessions. 1961 US - Mapp vs. Ohio gives exclusionary rights to st






17. State Prison - 1819 NY - 1st electric chair execution (1890) - Schedule of hard work in day - then prayer and contemplation - Segregated by type of crime - Originated the black stripe uniform - Also called the congregate system - inmates congregate d






18. Trial by jury - rights of the accused - Confrontation of witnesses - Speedy trial - Public trial - Right to counsel






19. Due process - double jeopardy - self incrimination - eminent domain






20. 5th amendment - due process - Juvenile Justice - Some due process must be followed even though juvenile court is civil - not criminal - Granted minors charged with crimes the same rights as adults. Significance: ushered in an era of reform in the juv






21. What is the U.S. Justice System based on?






22. Wrong or evil - conduct wrong by nature - used as the basis for common law






23. 4th amendment - search and seizure - S&S not violated if officer has suspicion of suspect being armed - May search outer person and clothing for weapons - Called a (Terry stop) = stop and frisk - Extended to temporary detention of people in vehicles






24. 8th amendment - no cruel and unusual punishment - Death penalty not allowed for mentally retarded persons






25. Exclusionary rule (comes from 4th - 5th and 6th) - Tax books were illegally seized - Evidence not admissible in court - 'fruit from poisoned tree' theory -






26. Formed the Met police of London at Scotland Yard - London system was national - origin of the term 'bobbies' - 'The Father of Modern Policing' - 'Police are public - public are police.'






27. Fraud - forgery/counterfeiting - embezzlement - simple assault - sex offenses - offenses against the family - drug and liquor offenses - weapons offenses other non-violent offenses excluding traffic violations






28. All police departments' stats - published in summary form - FBI - 29 types of offenses -






29. Voluntary - 95% participate - only the highest scoring offense is scored and the rest are ignored






30. Actions prohibited by a class - most often committed by minors - motive not considered






31. Civil service reform - 1883 - gov jobs on basis of merit - exams - not politics






32. 4TH amendment - search and seizure - Good faith exception to exclusionary rule - Good faith (bona fides) = officer believes the search warrant is valid






33. Similar to burglary. The major difference between the two is that the perpetrator did not illegally enter a structure by using forcible - non forcible or attempted forcible entry (with the exception of a motor vehicle.) All thefts of motor vehicles o






34. Sheriff






35. Does not include homicides - survey of households - expensive to conduct - covers the frequency of crime victimization






36. 4th amendment - search and seizure - Ruled that prison cells could be searched - that prisoners have no right against search and seizure - Decision: Fourth Amendment does not apply to prison inmates - Significance: After Hudson - prisoners who are tr






37. The sum of selected offenses used to measure crime rates and their fluctuations reported to law enforcement. The offenses included in the Crime Index total are the violent crimes of Murder and Nonnegligent Manslaughter - Forcible Rape - Robbery - and






38. No excessive bail - no cruel and unusual punishment






39. Taking or attempting to take something of value from another person by use of force - threats or intimidation. It is committed in the presence of the victim - divided into different 'degrees'. The degrees vary by state and can also depend on whether






40. What would make an Officer want to stay in the police force longer?






41. Not accutate - relies on local law enforcement agency - can only measure crime known to police - cannot provide an accurate representation of actual crime rates. Misrepresentation: focused upon street crime -does not record information on many other






42. New York






43. Person receives money through coercion - Demanding money for not writing ticket






44. What victimless crime would be most likely to be prosecuted?






45. 8th amendment - no cruel and unusual punishment - Ruled that the death penalty was NOT cruel and unusual punishment






46. Boston (1838)






47. 20%






48. Where did common law come ?






49. Speaking out - defendant speaking out on their own behalf prior sentencing






50. In the place (instead) of the parent - allows The state or institutions to act on behalf of their students and non biological parents to act as biological parents on behalf of the child







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