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Test your basic knowledge |
DSST Environmental Science: Land Use
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
dsst
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. - the turning and loosening of soil for the planting of crops
Biological control (alternative to pesticides)
Plowing
Malnourishment
Current Population/ 2100 projects of world population
2. A mining technique that involves digging a gigantic hole and removing the desire ORE - along with waste rock that surrounds the ore.
Open pit mine
Manmade nitrogen ertilizers
Bt Corn
Strip cutting
3. The golden molecule for plants because it makes them grow - Leagues have special nitrogen fixing bacteria in their rhizomes (roots) - Three covalent bonds for N2. Stronger the covalent bonds - the harder it is to react. Nitrogen gas is inert.
Genetically Modified foods
Nitrate
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
4. Shafts are excavated deep into the ground - and networks of tunnels are dug or blasted out to follow deposits of the mineral. requires removal of the overburden - Used for metals ( zinc - lead - nickel - tin - gold - copper) and coal - Most dangerous
Risks of Bt Corn
Manmade nitrogen ertilizers
Dangers of Biological control
Surface mining
5. Natural fertilizers from decomposing solid organic matter; have lots of nitrogen
Biological Control
Manure/compost
Genetically modified food
Nitrate
6. Cheapest - easiest transportation removal of lumber - Most environmentally harmful - takes all trees - leaves nothing
Mechanization/tractors/combines
Clear cutting
Why malachite was originally left behind as tailing from copper mines
Pesticides
7. Completely missing something acquired from food; usually protein or vitamin C
Sustainable Forestry
Community supported agriculture (CSA)
Types of surface mining
Malnourishment/Kwashiorkor
8. To reclaim is to make things level - and to get something growing and prevent erosion - If the U.S were to try to reclaim - it would cost tax payers about 2 trillion dollars.
Undernourishment/Marasmus
Coal
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
What we can do to make forestry more sustainable
9. Having not enough of something
Selective Cutting
Undernourishment
Genetically modified food
Malnourishment
10. When sulfide minerals in newly exposed rock surfaces react with oxygen and rainwater to produce sulfuric acid - causing runoff as it leaches metals from the rocks
Acid mine drainage
Community garden
Artificial Organic compounds
Types of forestry
11. Locally-based socio-economic model of agriculture and food distribution. also refers to a particular network or association of individuals who have pledged to support one or more local farms - with growers and consumers sharing the risks and benefits
Agricultural revolution and technology
Ecosystem-based Management
Community supported agriculture (CSA)
Mountain-Top Removal
12. Heating ore beyond its melting point and combining it with other metals or chemicals ( process of separating).
Undernourishment
Smelting
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
Industrial Agriculture/ Factory Farming
13. Made by mixing the remains or wastes of organisms including animal manure (essential) - crop residues - fresh vegetation - and compost
Naturally occurring pesticides
Manmade nitrogen ertilizers
Risks of Bt Corn
Biological control (alternative to pesticides)
14. Goal to guarantee an adequate - safe - nutritious - and reliable food supply available to all people at all times
Advantages & Disadvantages of surface mining
Strip cutting
Food security
Slash and Burn
15. Strip mining - open pit mining - mountain top removal
Types of surface mining
Pest management
Sustainable Forestry
Mountain-Top Removal
16. Cheap - But - removes all overburden (trees - soil - rocks - etc.); obliterates natural communities b/c everything has been removed; leads to erosion; causes sulfuric acid run-off;
Nitrate
Advantages & Disadvantages of surface mining
Risks of Bt Corn
Strip Cutting
17. One farmer=100 eaters.
Lesson from Food Inc
Pest management
Undernourishment
Subsurface mining
18. Harvesting only mature trees of certain species and size; usually more expensive then clear-cutting but it is less disruptive for wildlife and often better for forest regeneration
Strip cutting
Lesson from Food Inc
Selective Cutting
Dangers of Biological control
19. The surface soil that must be moved away to get at coal seams and mineral deposits
Protein (usually)
Overburden
Strip Cutting
Agricultural revolution and technology
20. Controversial logging practice where all trees in an area are uniformly cut down - used by foresters to create certain types of forest ecosystems and to promote select species that requires an abudnace of sunlight or grow in large - even--age stands
Strip mine
Clear-cutting
Genetically modified food
Ecological services
21. Genetically engineered using recombinant DNA
Genetically modified food
Acid mine drainage
Food Aid
Industrial Agriculture/ Factory Farming
22. Cutting the trees down - burning them. Nutrients from the ash go to soil. You have a farmland for ranching cattle or farming soybeans.
Economic services
Genetically modified food
Slash and Burn
Pesticides
23. Makes money - remove resources from its original location - Firewood - Paper - Lumber - Charocoal - Gem - Hunting - Medicine
Plowing
Economic services
Protein (usually)
Slag
24. Uses the idea that 'the enemy of one's enemy is one's friend' - Battles pests and weeds with organisms that eat or infect them - Can be extremely effective and inexpensive
Artificial Organic compounds
Strip Cutting
Biological control (alternative to pesticides)
Agricultural revolution and technology
25. More expensive then clear cutting - leaves rows of trees for reseeding/ future harvesting.
Nitrate
Undernourishment
Strip Cutting
Clear-cutting
26. Organic macromolecules hardest to provide during a famine
Current Population/ 2100 projects of world population
Food Aid
Protein (usually)
Clear-cutting
27. The use of heavy machinery to remove huge amounts of earth to expose COAL or MINERALS - which are mined out directly.
Ecosystem-based Management
Effect of man made fertilizer on the amount of nitrate in the soil and water from 100 years ago
Biological control (alternative to pesticides)
Strip mine
28. Choosing valuable trees only - lots of reseeding - transportation is hard.
Genetically Modified foods
Manmade nitrogen fertilizers
Nitrate
Selective cutting
29. A variation of clear-cutting in which a strip of trees is clear-cut along the contour of the land - with the corridor narrow enough to allow natural regeneration within a few years. After regeneration - another strip is cut above the first - and so o
Economic services
Strip cutting
Selective cutting
Mechanization/tractors/combines
30. Completely missing something
Malnourishment
Tailings/ Gangue
Surface mining
Subsurface mining
31. About one million people on Earth 10 -000 years ago. (The Agricultural revolution). Worlds population crossed into 7 billion now - It is unlikely that we will double the 7 billion. We will hit 9 to 11 billion people.
Current Population/ 2100 projects of world population
Why malachite was originally left behind as tailing from copper mines
Clear cutting
Naturally occurring pesticides
32. Malachite contains sulfides which become strongly acidic when mixed with water and thus pollutes water
Adaptive Management
Types of surface mining
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
Maximum Sustainable Yield
33. Advantages: removes the least amount of unwanted material so less waste - Disadvantages: potential collapse; sinkholes; acid drainage; pollutes groundwater; risk of injury/death from dynamite blasts - natural gas explosions - inhalation of toxic gass
Types of forestry
Selective cutting
Advantages & Disadvantages of Subsurface mining
Famine
34. In the last 100 years - humans have doubled the amount of organic nitrogen in the biosphere by artificial synthesis of ammonia.
Dangers of Biological control
Manmade nitrogen fertilizers
Ecosystem-based Management
Clear cutting
35. Recycle batteries - Send large amounts of metal to scrap yards/businesses instead of to landfills (ex. cars - fridges - dishwashers - etc.) - Recycle old electronics like phones and computers to prevent more mining of minerals like tantalum that are
Things people can do to avoid depleting minerals
Biological control (alternative to pesticides)
Effect of Monsanto on soybean farming since 1994
Food Aid
36. A mineral or grouping of minerals from which we extract metals - most metals are found in ore - Copper - iron - lead gold - and aluminum - Used in electronic components of computers - cell phones - DVD players.
Things people can do to avoid depleting minerals
Types of surface mining
Genetically modified food
Ore
37. Food assistance given to an area. Can take away the incentive to produce food in that area. Distribution is an issue.
Maximum Sustainable Yield
How corn yield has changed in the United States since the 1920s
Food Aid
Smelting
38. Mix the malachite with water and 6M sulfuric acid and heat the mixture - creating a transformation reaction where the only left over matter is the sand - which is then strained out. Iron fillings are then added to the solution - a substitution react
Strip Cutting
To purify copper from malachite
Types of surface mining
Undernourishment
39. Mining method- mining underground coal deposits - in which shafts are dug deeply into the ground and networks of tunnels are dug to follow coal seams.
Naturally occurring pesticides
Community supported agriculture (CSA)
Plowing
Subsurface mining
40. Not enough of some vitamin/mineral/essential thing in food
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
Ecological services
Undernourishment/Marasmus
Coal
41. Systematically tests different approaches and aims to improve methods and find ideal over time - Advantages: can be highly effective; works with each specific environment; can protect species; can provide minimum impact - Disadvantages: difficult to
Clear-cutting
Adaptive Management
Ecological services
Agricultural revolution and technology
42. 1990 Clean Air Act amendments encouraged clean-burning low-sulfur coal led to more mining in Appalachia -dumping ton of debris sinto valley degrades and destroys areas of habitat -social and health impacts. loose rock tumbles down into homes - overl
Subsurface mining
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
Impact of Mountain-Top Removal
Protein (usually)
43. There is now more nitrate in the soil and water than ever - sometimes at unsafe levels - Corn harvests have improved
Advantages & Disadvantages of surface mining
Effect of man made fertilizer on the amount of nitrate in the soil and water from 100 years ago
Fertilizers
Biological control (alternative to pesticides)
44. Can hurt other species - methods used to control other species can become invasive species themselves - Ex. Australia released a virus to kill the excessive rabbits; Australians brought in cane toads to kill beetles on their sugar cane - BUT the toa
Advantages & Disadvantages of Subsurface mining
Effect of man made fertilizer on the amount of nitrate in the soil and water from 100 years ago
Selective Cutting
Dangers of Biological control
45. Nicotine - Alcohol - Cocaine - if it can kill you - it can kill other living things.
Types of forestry
Impact of Mountain-Top Removal
Naturally occurring pesticides
Adaptive Management
46. The uniform planting of a single crop
Food security
Naturally occurring pesticides
Surface mining
Monoculture
47. A severe shortage of food (as through crop failure) resulting in violent hunger and starvation and death
Strip cutting
Famine
Clear-cutting
Plowing
48. way to enhance nutrient-limited soils - Inorganic fertilizers- mined or synthetically manufactured mineral supplements - Organic fertilizers consist of the remains or wastes of organisms that include animal mancure - organic fertilizers can improve
Fertilizers
Genetically modified food
Impact of Mountain-Top Removal
Agricultural revolution and technology
49. Educational - Maintain biodiversity - Aesthetics - Oxygen - Improve quality of life - Co2 to O2 - Shade - Habitat/ biodiversity - Erosion - Clean water - Soil enrichment
Mechanization/tractors/combines
Ecological services
Coal
Undernourishment
50. Technology that has vastly increased the amount of food production since the agricultural revolution; currently 1 farmer for every 129 eaters
Sustainable Forestry
Surface mining
Mechanization/tractors/combines
Ecological services