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Test your basic knowledge |
DSST Environmental Science: Land Use
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
dsst
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Choosing valuable trees only - lots of reseeding - transportation is hard.
Why malachite was originally left behind as tailing from copper mines
Clear cutting
Selective cutting
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
2. Recycle batteries - Send large amounts of metal to scrap yards/businesses instead of to landfills (ex. cars - fridges - dishwashers - etc.) - Recycle old electronics like phones and computers to prevent more mining of minerals like tantalum that are
Famine
Selective Cutting
To purify copper from malachite
Things people can do to avoid depleting minerals
3. Maximum Sustainable Yield - Ecosystem-based Management - Adaptive Management
Types of forestry
What we can do to make forestry more sustainable
To purify copper from malachite
Subsurface mining
4. Makes money - remove resources from its original location - Firewood - Paper - Lumber - Charocoal - Gem - Hunting - Medicine
Dangers of Biological control
Sustainable Forestry
Impact of Mountain-Top Removal
Economic services
5. Made by mixing the remains or wastes of organisms including animal manure (essential) - crop residues - fresh vegetation - and compost
Manmade nitrogen ertilizers
Why malachite was originally left behind as tailing from copper mines
Community garden
Current Population/ 2100 projects of world population
6. A single piece of land gardened collectively by a group of people.
Agricultural revolution and technology
Community garden
Genetically modified food
Bt Corn
7. Do not naturally occur in the environment - but are synthesized by man. Since all these compounds have carbon and hydrogen atoms as the basis of their molecule (as do living plants and animals) - they are referred to as organic compounds to form pest
Artificial Organic compounds
What we can do to make forestry more sustainable
Advantages & Disadvantages of Subsurface mining
Clear cutting
8. Cheap - But - removes all overburden (trees - soil - rocks - etc.); obliterates natural communities b/c everything has been removed; leads to erosion; causes sulfuric acid run-off;
Advantages & Disadvantages of surface mining
Coal
Overburden
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
9. Not enough of some vitamin/mineral/essential thing in food
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
Dangers of Biological control
To purify copper from malachite
Undernourishment/Marasmus
10. Cut trees shortly after they go through their fastest stage of growth (which is during their intermediate age) - Advantages: maximizes timber production over time - Disadvantages: trees get cut before they mature; alters forest ecology; eliminates ha
Malnourishment
Clear cutting
Maximum Sustainable Yield
Types of forestry
11. A naturally occurring solid element or inorganic compound with a crystal structure - a specific chemical composition - and distinct physical properties.
Minerals
Tailings/ Gangue
Coal
Overburden
12. Worthless material that surrounds a wanted mineral in an ore deposit.
Slash and Burn
Manure/compost
Tailings/ Gangue
Community supported agriculture (CSA)
13. Uses the idea that 'the enemy of one's enemy is one's friend' - Battles pests and weeds with organisms that eat or infect them - Can be extremely effective and inexpensive
Biological control (alternative to pesticides)
Things people can do to avoid depleting minerals
Genetically modified food
Artificial Organic compounds
14. (Insecticides - Herbicides/ Fungicides) - Artificial chemicals used to kill pests/ insects/plants/fungi
How corn yield has changed in the United States since the 1920s
Pesticides
Open pit mine
Effect of man made fertilizer on the amount of nitrate in the soil and water from 100 years ago
15. A mining technique that involves digging a gigantic hole and removing the desire ORE - along with waste rock that surrounds the ore.
Open pit mine
Agricultural revolution and technology
Bt Corn
Food security
16. A mineral or grouping of minerals from which we extract metals - most metals are found in ore - Copper - iron - lead gold - and aluminum - Used in electronic components of computers - cell phones - DVD players.
Ore
Strip mine
Community garden
Malnourishment/Kwashiorkor
17. Technology was not able to profitably remove the copper from the malachite
To purify copper from malachite
Malnourishment
Minerals
Why malachite was originally left behind as tailing from copper mines
18. Malachite contains sulfides which become strongly acidic when mixed with water and thus pollutes water
Coal
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
Agricultural revolution and technology
Slash and Burn
19. Corn yield has increased dramatically in the US since the 1920s because it was in the 1920s that GM corn started to be developed
Risks of Bt Corn
How corn yield has changed in the United States since the 1920s
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
Dangers of Biological control
20. Clear cutting - Strip cutting - selective cutting
Strip Cutting
Types of forestry
Pesticides
Overburden
21. By far the best method for managing pests - Uses chemical pesticides - biocontrol - AND diversity - Not monoculture; things are planted in a mosaic so that if pests attack all of the corn in one area there is still more corn somewhere else - Proven t
Malnourishment/Kwashiorkor
Tailings/ Gangue
Pest management
Community supported agriculture (CSA)
22. Goal to guarantee an adequate - safe - nutritious - and reliable food supply available to all people at all times
Food security
Famine
Manmade nitrogen fertilizers
Risks of Bt Corn
23. Strip mining - open pit mining - mountain top removal
Community supported agriculture (CSA)
Surface mining
Types of surface mining
Tailings/ Gangue
24. Technology that has vastly increased the amount of food production since the agricultural revolution; currently 1 farmer for every 129 eaters
Community garden
Mechanization/tractors/combines
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
Overburden
25. -boosts yields by intensifying irrigation and introducing synthetic fertilizers - while the advent of chemical pesticides reduce competition from weeds and herbivory by crop pests - Industrial agriculture works best under the condition of monoculture
Adaptive Management
Things people can do to avoid depleting minerals
Slag
Industrial Agriculture/ Factory Farming
26. 1990 Clean Air Act amendments encouraged clean-burning low-sulfur coal led to more mining in Appalachia -dumping ton of debris sinto valley degrades and destroys areas of habitat -social and health impacts. loose rock tumbles down into homes - overl
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
Mountain-Top Removal
Food Aid
Impact of Mountain-Top Removal
27. Locally-based socio-economic model of agriculture and food distribution. also refers to a particular network or association of individuals who have pledged to support one or more local farms - with growers and consumers sharing the risks and benefits
Lesson from Food Inc
Types of surface mining
Community supported agriculture (CSA)
Malnourishment
28. When sulfide minerals in newly exposed rock surfaces react with oxygen and rainwater to produce sulfuric acid - causing runoff as it leaches metals from the rocks
Strip cutting
Selective Cutting
Acid mine drainage
Mountain-Top Removal
29. Foods derived from genetically modified organisms. Genetically modified organisms have had specific changes introduced into their DNA by genetic engineering techniques. include selective breeding; plant breeding. Typically - genetically modified food
Food Aid
Strip Cutting
Undernourishment/Marasmus
Genetically Modified foods
30. Completely missing something
Overburden
Malnourishment
Subsurface mining
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
31. Shafts are excavated deep into the ground - and networks of tunnels are dug or blasted out to follow deposits of the mineral. requires removal of the overburden - Used for metals ( zinc - lead - nickel - tin - gold - copper) and coal - Most dangerous
Acid mine drainage
To purify copper from malachite
Maximum Sustainable Yield
Surface mining
32. Cheapest - easiest transportation removal of lumber - Most environmentally harmful - takes all trees - leaves nothing
Monoculture
Current Population/ 2100 projects of world population
Pest management
Clear cutting
33. About one million people on Earth 10 -000 years ago. (The Agricultural revolution). Worlds population crossed into 7 billion now - It is unlikely that we will double the 7 billion. We will hit 9 to 11 billion people.
Minerals
Biological control (alternative to pesticides)
Economic services
Current Population/ 2100 projects of world population
34. In the last 100 years - humans have doubled the amount of organic nitrogen in the biosphere by artificial synthesis of ammonia.
Ecological services
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
Manmade nitrogen fertilizers
Surface mining
35. Natural fertilizers from decomposing solid organic matter; have lots of nitrogen
Bt Corn
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
Types of forestry
Manure/compost
36. The use of heavy machinery to remove huge amounts of earth to expose COAL or MINERALS - which are mined out directly.
What we can do to make forestry more sustainable
Famine
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
Strip mine
37. A variation of clear-cutting in which a strip of trees is clear-cut along the contour of the land - with the corridor narrow enough to allow natural regeneration within a few years. After regeneration - another strip is cut above the first - and so o
Clear-cutting
What we can do to make forestry more sustainable
Strip cutting
Lesson from Food Inc
38. Systematically tests different approaches and aims to improve methods and find ideal over time - Advantages: can be highly effective; works with each specific environment; can protect species; can provide minimum impact - Disadvantages: difficult to
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
Biological control (alternative to pesticides)
Adaptive Management
Advantages & Disadvantages of Subsurface mining
39. Educational - Maintain biodiversity - Aesthetics - Oxygen - Improve quality of life - Co2 to O2 - Shade - Habitat/ biodiversity - Erosion - Clean water - Soil enrichment
Ecological services
Mechanization/tractors/combines
Strip cutting
Types of surface mining
40. Solid waste from smelts
Famine
Effect of Monsanto on soybean farming since 1994
Artificial Organic compounds
Slag
41. Manages resource harvesting so as to minimize impact on ecosystem and ecological processes that provide the resource - Advantages: can protect certain areas; can restore habitats; considers surroundings; allows timber harvesting while preserving inte
Subsurface mining
Ecosystem-based Management
Mechanization/tractors/combines
Advantages & Disadvantages of surface mining
42. A fossil fuel composed of organic matter that was compressed under very high pressure to form a dense - solid carbon structure.
Coal
Ecological services
Monoculture
Adaptive Management
43. Heating ore beyond its melting point and combining it with other metals or chemicals ( process of separating).
Genetically modified food
Smelting
Adaptive Management
Biological Control
44. There is now more nitrate in the soil and water than ever - sometimes at unsafe levels - Corn harvests have improved
Malnourishment/Kwashiorkor
Community garden
Monoculture
Effect of man made fertilizer on the amount of nitrate in the soil and water from 100 years ago
45. To reclaim is to make things level - and to get something growing and prevent erosion - If the U.S were to try to reclaim - it would cost tax payers about 2 trillion dollars.
Why malachite was originally left behind as tailing from copper mines
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
Manmade nitrogen fertilizers
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
46. Controversial logging practice where all trees in an area are uniformly cut down - used by foresters to create certain types of forest ecosystems and to promote select species that requires an abudnace of sunlight or grow in large - even--age stands
Maximum Sustainable Yield
Clear-cutting
How corn yield has changed in the United States since the 1920s
Protein (usually)
47. Harvesting only mature trees of certain species and size; usually more expensive then clear-cutting but it is less disruptive for wildlife and often better for forest regeneration
Selective Cutting
Nitrate
Genetically Modified foods
Biological control (alternative to pesticides)
48. Advantages: removes the least amount of unwanted material so less waste - Disadvantages: potential collapse; sinkholes; acid drainage; pollutes groundwater; risk of injury/death from dynamite blasts - natural gas explosions - inhalation of toxic gass
Advantages & Disadvantages of Subsurface mining
Advantages & Disadvantages of surface mining
Monoculture
Strip mine
49. way to enhance nutrient-limited soils - Inorganic fertilizers- mined or synthetically manufactured mineral supplements - Organic fertilizers consist of the remains or wastes of organisms that include animal mancure - organic fertilizers can improve
Surface mining
Fertilizers
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
Coal
50. Nicotine - Alcohol - Cocaine - if it can kill you - it can kill other living things.
Adaptive Management
Mountain-Top Removal
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
Naturally occurring pesticides