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Test your basic knowledge |
DSST Environmental Science: Land Use
Start Test
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Subjects
:
dsst
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The use of heavy machinery to remove huge amounts of earth to expose COAL or MINERALS - which are mined out directly.
Genetically modified food
Strip mine
Ore
Monoculture
2. Do not naturally occur in the environment - but are synthesized by man. Since all these compounds have carbon and hydrogen atoms as the basis of their molecule (as do living plants and animals) - they are referred to as organic compounds to form pest
Plowing
Food security
Artificial Organic compounds
Agricultural revolution and technology
3. Cutting the trees down - burning them. Nutrients from the ash go to soil. You have a farmland for ranching cattle or farming soybeans.
Current Population/ 2100 projects of world population
Advantages & Disadvantages of Subsurface mining
Slash and Burn
Famine
4. Systematically tests different approaches and aims to improve methods and find ideal over time - Advantages: can be highly effective; works with each specific environment; can protect species; can provide minimum impact - Disadvantages: difficult to
Advantages & Disadvantages of surface mining
Adaptive Management
Pesticides
Artificial Organic compounds
5. Solid waste from smelts
Naturally occurring pesticides
Famine
Slag
Surface mining
6. way to enhance nutrient-limited soils - Inorganic fertilizers- mined or synthetically manufactured mineral supplements - Organic fertilizers consist of the remains or wastes of organisms that include animal mancure - organic fertilizers can improve
Manmade nitrogen fertilizers
Fertilizers
Manmade nitrogen ertilizers
Effect of man made fertilizer on the amount of nitrate in the soil and water from 100 years ago
7. Nicotine - Alcohol - Cocaine - if it can kill you - it can kill other living things.
Acid mine drainage
Protein (usually)
Naturally occurring pesticides
Mechanization/tractors/combines
8. Mining method- mountain's forests are clear-cut and the timber is sold - topsoild is removed - and then the rock is blasted away to expose the coal for extraction. Overburden is placed back on the mountaintop. Primarily for coal in the Appalachian Mo
Protein (usually)
Mountain-Top Removal
Subsurface mining
Open pit mine
9. Manages resource harvesting so as to minimize impact on ecosystem and ecological processes that provide the resource - Advantages: can protect certain areas; can restore habitats; considers surroundings; allows timber harvesting while preserving inte
Coal
Ecosystem-based Management
Clear-cutting
Fertilizers
10. A variation of clear-cutting in which a strip of trees is clear-cut along the contour of the land - with the corridor narrow enough to allow natural regeneration within a few years. After regeneration - another strip is cut above the first - and so o
Coal
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
Strip cutting
Pesticides
11. A single piece of land gardened collectively by a group of people.
Clear cutting
Community garden
Undernourishment/Marasmus
Agricultural revolution and technology
12. Harvesting only mature trees of certain species and size; usually more expensive then clear-cutting but it is less disruptive for wildlife and often better for forest regeneration
Selective Cutting
Acid mine drainage
Advantages & Disadvantages of surface mining
Artificial Organic compounds
13. Not enough of some vitamin/mineral/essential thing in food
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
Agricultural revolution and technology
Undernourishment/Marasmus
Effect of Monsanto on soybean farming since 1994
14. - the turning and loosening of soil for the planting of crops
Surface mining
Agricultural revolution and technology
Fertilizers
Plowing
15. Controversial logging practice where all trees in an area are uniformly cut down - used by foresters to create certain types of forest ecosystems and to promote select species that requires an abudnace of sunlight or grow in large - even--age stands
Clear-cutting
Lesson from Food Inc
Biological control (alternative to pesticides)
Why malachite was originally left behind as tailing from copper mines
16. Technology was not able to profitably remove the copper from the malachite
Why malachite was originally left behind as tailing from copper mines
Malnourishment/Kwashiorkor
Selective cutting
Open pit mine
17. To reclaim is to make things level - and to get something growing and prevent erosion - If the U.S were to try to reclaim - it would cost tax payers about 2 trillion dollars.
Plowing
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
Mechanization/tractors/combines
Mountain-Top Removal
18. Fertilizers - promote plant growth by providing essential nutrients like nitrogen or phosphorus; increases crop yield - Combines/Machinery - allows farmers to work much faster and more efficiently; increases crop yield - Pesticides - kill insects - p
Fertilizers
Agricultural revolution and technology
Selective Cutting
Advantages & Disadvantages of Subsurface mining
19. Combination of different pest management techniques combined in a specific way best for the place they are being used.
Current Population/ 2100 projects of world population
Sustainable Forestry
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
Clear-cutting
20. Genetically engineered using recombinant DNA
Clear-cutting
Advantages & Disadvantages of Subsurface mining
Genetically modified food
Smelting
21. A mineral or grouping of minerals from which we extract metals - most metals are found in ore - Copper - iron - lead gold - and aluminum - Used in electronic components of computers - cell phones - DVD players.
Selective cutting
Why malachite was originally left behind as tailing from copper mines
Clear-cutting
Ore
22. Malachite contains sulfides which become strongly acidic when mixed with water and thus pollutes water
Pesticides
Plowing
Undernourishment
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
23. The FSC (Forest Stewardship Council) examine the practices of firms and rate them against criteria for sustainability - Grant sustainable forest certification to forests - companies - and products produced using methods they consider sustainable.
Sustainable Forestry
Coal
Mechanization/tractors/combines
Artificial Organic compounds
24. The uniform planting of a single crop
What we can do to make forestry more sustainable
Slag
Monoculture
Impact of Mountain-Top Removal
25. About one million people on Earth 10 -000 years ago. (The Agricultural revolution). Worlds population crossed into 7 billion now - It is unlikely that we will double the 7 billion. We will hit 9 to 11 billion people.
Maximum Sustainable Yield
Community supported agriculture (CSA)
Effect of man made fertilizer on the amount of nitrate in the soil and water from 100 years ago
Current Population/ 2100 projects of world population
26. 1990 Clean Air Act amendments encouraged clean-burning low-sulfur coal led to more mining in Appalachia -dumping ton of debris sinto valley degrades and destroys areas of habitat -social and health impacts. loose rock tumbles down into homes - overl
Strip cutting
Risks of Bt Corn
Impact of Mountain-Top Removal
Surface mining
27. One farmer=100 eaters.
Plowing
Selective Cutting
Lesson from Food Inc
Effect of Monsanto on soybean farming since 1994
28. Natural fertilizers from decomposing solid organic matter; have lots of nitrogen
Manure/compost
Subsurface mining
Industrial Agriculture/ Factory Farming
Types of forestry
29. The golden molecule for plants because it makes them grow - Leagues have special nitrogen fixing bacteria in their rhizomes (roots) - Three covalent bonds for N2. Stronger the covalent bonds - the harder it is to react. Nitrogen gas is inert.
Nitrate
Maximum Sustainable Yield
Lesson from Food Inc
Naturally occurring pesticides
30. Makes money - remove resources from its original location - Firewood - Paper - Lumber - Charocoal - Gem - Hunting - Medicine
Economic services
Subsurface mining
Effect of man made fertilizer on the amount of nitrate in the soil and water from 100 years ago
Advantages & Disadvantages of Subsurface mining
31. A severe shortage of food (as through crop failure) resulting in violent hunger and starvation and death
Famine
Ore
Why malachite was originally left behind as tailing from copper mines
Coal
32. Cheap - But - removes all overburden (trees - soil - rocks - etc.); obliterates natural communities b/c everything has been removed; leads to erosion; causes sulfuric acid run-off;
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
Advantages & Disadvantages of surface mining
Minerals
Community garden
33. Soy beans have been genetically modified for better traits. 'Round up Ready' soy beans have made it so that weed killer 'round up' can be sprayed around the plants and kill all the weeds but not the soy bean plants. 'round up ready soy beans' were cr
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
Effect of Monsanto on soybean farming since 1994
Food Aid
Strip cutting
34. The surface soil that must be moved away to get at coal seams and mineral deposits
Pest management
Overburden
Malnourishment/Kwashiorkor
Impact of Mountain-Top Removal
35. Having not enough of something
Current Population/ 2100 projects of world population
Risks of Bt Corn
Undernourishment
Effect of Monsanto on soybean farming since 1994
36. Goal to guarantee an adequate - safe - nutritious - and reliable food supply available to all people at all times
Ecological services
Food security
Strip mine
To purify copper from malachite
37. Long term information is unknown - Can take over surrounding ecosystem - Pest-killing toxin also kills insects that should not and are not meant to be killed such as monarch butterflies - Pollen can be carried to nearby plants by wind thus making th
Lesson from Food Inc
Risks of Bt Corn
Manmade nitrogen ertilizers
Undernourishment
38. Clear cutting - Strip cutting - selective cutting
Clear cutting
Types of forestry
Ecosystem-based Management
Fertilizers
39. Corn yield has increased dramatically in the US since the 1920s because it was in the 1920s that GM corn started to be developed
Slash and Burn
How corn yield has changed in the United States since the 1920s
Ore
Biological control (alternative to pesticides)
40. Shafts are excavated deep into the ground - and networks of tunnels are dug or blasted out to follow deposits of the mineral. requires removal of the overburden - Used for metals ( zinc - lead - nickel - tin - gold - copper) and coal - Most dangerous
How corn yield has changed in the United States since the 1920s
Surface mining
Manmade nitrogen ertilizers
Clear-cutting
41. Completely missing something
Malnourishment
Subsurface mining
Plowing
Agricultural revolution and technology
42. More expensive then clear cutting - leaves rows of trees for reseeding/ future harvesting.
Maximum Sustainable Yield
Strip Cutting
Plowing
Surface mining
43. There is now more nitrate in the soil and water than ever - sometimes at unsafe levels - Corn harvests have improved
Slag
What we can do to make forestry more sustainable
Lesson from Food Inc
Effect of man made fertilizer on the amount of nitrate in the soil and water from 100 years ago
44. Worthless material that surrounds a wanted mineral in an ore deposit.
Manmade nitrogen ertilizers
Tailings/ Gangue
Pesticides
Agricultural revolution and technology
45. Mining method- mining underground coal deposits - in which shafts are dug deeply into the ground and networks of tunnels are dug to follow coal seams.
Minerals
Slash and Burn
Subsurface mining
Types of surface mining
46. Cheapest - easiest transportation removal of lumber - Most environmentally harmful - takes all trees - leaves nothing
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
Biological control (alternative to pesticides)
Clear cutting
Selective Cutting
47. Can hurt other species - methods used to control other species can become invasive species themselves - Ex. Australia released a virus to kill the excessive rabbits; Australians brought in cane toads to kill beetles on their sugar cane - BUT the toa
Plowing
Dangers of Biological control
Advantages & Disadvantages of surface mining
Clear-cutting
48. By far the best method for managing pests - Uses chemical pesticides - biocontrol - AND diversity - Not monoculture; things are planted in a mosaic so that if pests attack all of the corn in one area there is still more corn somewhere else - Proven t
Bt Corn
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
Selective Cutting
Pest management
49. Now makes up 80% of corn in the US - Benefits: Contains naturally occurring pesticide - Increases production - could feed more people - Grow more per square area - Doesn't spoil as quickly - Bigger - tastier
Selective cutting
Advantages & Disadvantages of surface mining
Famine
Bt Corn
50. Completely missing something acquired from food; usually protein or vitamin C
Undernourishment/Marasmus
Malnourishment/Kwashiorkor
Selective cutting
Clear-cutting