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Test your basic knowledge |
DSST Environmental Science: Land Use
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
dsst
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A fossil fuel composed of organic matter that was compressed under very high pressure to form a dense - solid carbon structure.
Genetically modified food
Adaptive Management
Manmade nitrogen ertilizers
Coal
2. Solid waste from smelts
Bt Corn
Slag
Clear cutting
Open pit mine
3. -boosts yields by intensifying irrigation and introducing synthetic fertilizers - while the advent of chemical pesticides reduce competition from weeds and herbivory by crop pests - Industrial agriculture works best under the condition of monoculture
Community garden
Industrial Agriculture/ Factory Farming
Manure/compost
Impact of Mountain-Top Removal
4. - the turning and loosening of soil for the planting of crops
Adaptive Management
Strip mine
Plowing
Naturally occurring pesticides
5. A mineral or grouping of minerals from which we extract metals - most metals are found in ore - Copper - iron - lead gold - and aluminum - Used in electronic components of computers - cell phones - DVD players.
Ore
Things people can do to avoid depleting minerals
Open pit mine
Slag
6. Recycle batteries - Send large amounts of metal to scrap yards/businesses instead of to landfills (ex. cars - fridges - dishwashers - etc.) - Recycle old electronics like phones and computers to prevent more mining of minerals like tantalum that are
Things people can do to avoid depleting minerals
Acid mine drainage
Adaptive Management
Clear-cutting
7. Advantages: removes the least amount of unwanted material so less waste - Disadvantages: potential collapse; sinkholes; acid drainage; pollutes groundwater; risk of injury/death from dynamite blasts - natural gas explosions - inhalation of toxic gass
Impact of Mountain-Top Removal
Strip Cutting
Advantages & Disadvantages of Subsurface mining
Famine
8. Uses the idea that 'the enemy of one's enemy is one's friend' - Battles pests and weeds with organisms that eat or infect them - Can be extremely effective and inexpensive
Why malachite was originally left behind as tailing from copper mines
Smelting
Biological control (alternative to pesticides)
Open pit mine
9. Makes money - remove resources from its original location - Firewood - Paper - Lumber - Charocoal - Gem - Hunting - Medicine
Malnourishment/Kwashiorkor
Pesticides
Economic services
Ore
10. A naturally occurring solid element or inorganic compound with a crystal structure - a specific chemical composition - and distinct physical properties.
Undernourishment/Marasmus
Plowing
Minerals
Overburden
11. The uniform planting of a single crop
Impact of Mountain-Top Removal
Surface mining
Community supported agriculture (CSA)
Monoculture
12. Completely missing something
Biological Control
Food Aid
Famine
Malnourishment
13. 1990 Clean Air Act amendments encouraged clean-burning low-sulfur coal led to more mining in Appalachia -dumping ton of debris sinto valley degrades and destroys areas of habitat -social and health impacts. loose rock tumbles down into homes - overl
Pest management
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
Impact of Mountain-Top Removal
Manmade nitrogen ertilizers
14. Controversial logging practice where all trees in an area are uniformly cut down - used by foresters to create certain types of forest ecosystems and to promote select species that requires an abudnace of sunlight or grow in large - even--age stands
Maximum Sustainable Yield
Clear-cutting
Nitrate
Manmade nitrogen ertilizers
15. Fertilizers - promote plant growth by providing essential nutrients like nitrogen or phosphorus; increases crop yield - Combines/Machinery - allows farmers to work much faster and more efficiently; increases crop yield - Pesticides - kill insects - p
Subsurface mining
Agricultural revolution and technology
Overburden
Tailings/ Gangue
16. Technology was not able to profitably remove the copper from the malachite
Acid mine drainage
Why malachite was originally left behind as tailing from copper mines
Undernourishment
Genetically modified food
17. Malachite contains sulfides which become strongly acidic when mixed with water and thus pollutes water
Strip cutting
Manmade nitrogen fertilizers
Tailings/ Gangue
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
18. Can hurt other species - methods used to control other species can become invasive species themselves - Ex. Australia released a virus to kill the excessive rabbits; Australians brought in cane toads to kill beetles on their sugar cane - BUT the toa
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
Community supported agriculture (CSA)
Artificial Organic compounds
Dangers of Biological control
19. The golden molecule for plants because it makes them grow - Leagues have special nitrogen fixing bacteria in their rhizomes (roots) - Three covalent bonds for N2. Stronger the covalent bonds - the harder it is to react. Nitrogen gas is inert.
Subsurface mining
Nitrate
Minerals
Ore
20. Genetically engineered using recombinant DNA
Plowing
Sustainable Forestry
Strip Cutting
Genetically modified food
21. Manages resource harvesting so as to minimize impact on ecosystem and ecological processes that provide the resource - Advantages: can protect certain areas; can restore habitats; considers surroundings; allows timber harvesting while preserving inte
Manmade nitrogen ertilizers
Food security
Effect of Monsanto on soybean farming since 1994
Ecosystem-based Management
22. Cutting the trees down - burning them. Nutrients from the ash go to soil. You have a farmland for ranching cattle or farming soybeans.
Industrial Agriculture/ Factory Farming
Ecosystem-based Management
Slash and Burn
Food Aid
23. The FSC (Forest Stewardship Council) examine the practices of firms and rate them against criteria for sustainability - Grant sustainable forest certification to forests - companies - and products produced using methods they consider sustainable.
Selective Cutting
Community garden
Naturally occurring pesticides
Sustainable Forestry
24. There is now more nitrate in the soil and water than ever - sometimes at unsafe levels - Corn harvests have improved
Overburden
Effect of man made fertilizer on the amount of nitrate in the soil and water from 100 years ago
Selective cutting
Nitrate
25. Choosing valuable trees only - lots of reseeding - transportation is hard.
Types of forestry
Artificial Organic compounds
Selective cutting
Slash and Burn
26. Now makes up 80% of corn in the US - Benefits: Contains naturally occurring pesticide - Increases production - could feed more people - Grow more per square area - Doesn't spoil as quickly - Bigger - tastier
Minerals
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
Biological Control
Bt Corn
27. Not enough of some vitamin/mineral/essential thing in food
Undernourishment/Marasmus
Acid mine drainage
Strip cutting
Things people can do to avoid depleting minerals
28. (Insecticides - Herbicides/ Fungicides) - Artificial chemicals used to kill pests/ insects/plants/fungi
Strip cutting
Why malachite was originally left behind as tailing from copper mines
Pesticides
Effect of Monsanto on soybean farming since 1994
29. Heating ore beyond its melting point and combining it with other metals or chemicals ( process of separating).
Smelting
Community garden
Effect of man made fertilizer on the amount of nitrate in the soil and water from 100 years ago
Impact of Mountain-Top Removal
30. The use of heavy machinery to remove huge amounts of earth to expose COAL or MINERALS - which are mined out directly.
Manmade nitrogen ertilizers
Artificial Organic compounds
Strip mine
Surface mining
31. To reclaim is to make things level - and to get something growing and prevent erosion - If the U.S were to try to reclaim - it would cost tax payers about 2 trillion dollars.
Dangers of Biological control
Open pit mine
Ore
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
32. Completely missing something acquired from food; usually protein or vitamin C
Selective cutting
Effect of man made fertilizer on the amount of nitrate in the soil and water from 100 years ago
Malnourishment/Kwashiorkor
Strip Cutting
33. Foods derived from genetically modified organisms. Genetically modified organisms have had specific changes introduced into their DNA by genetic engineering techniques. include selective breeding; plant breeding. Typically - genetically modified food
Genetically Modified foods
Clear cutting
Coal
Economic services
34. Made by mixing the remains or wastes of organisms including animal manure (essential) - crop residues - fresh vegetation - and compost
Food security
Manmade nitrogen ertilizers
Slash and Burn
Economic services
35. Strip mining - open pit mining - mountain top removal
What we can do to make forestry more sustainable
Strip Cutting
Biological control (alternative to pesticides)
Types of surface mining
36. Cheapest - easiest transportation removal of lumber - Most environmentally harmful - takes all trees - leaves nothing
Subsurface mining
Famine
Bt Corn
Clear cutting
37. One farmer=100 eaters.
Why malachite was originally left behind as tailing from copper mines
Acid mine drainage
Industrial Agriculture/ Factory Farming
Lesson from Food Inc
38. A variation of clear-cutting in which a strip of trees is clear-cut along the contour of the land - with the corridor narrow enough to allow natural regeneration within a few years. After regeneration - another strip is cut above the first - and so o
Strip cutting
Food Aid
Malnourishment/Kwashiorkor
Ore
39. way to enhance nutrient-limited soils - Inorganic fertilizers- mined or synthetically manufactured mineral supplements - Organic fertilizers consist of the remains or wastes of organisms that include animal mancure - organic fertilizers can improve
Community garden
Clear-cutting
Types of forestry
Fertilizers
40. Mining method- mountain's forests are clear-cut and the timber is sold - topsoild is removed - and then the rock is blasted away to expose the coal for extraction. Overburden is placed back on the mountaintop. Primarily for coal in the Appalachian Mo
Bt Corn
Nitrate
How corn yield has changed in the United States since the 1920s
Mountain-Top Removal
41. About one million people on Earth 10 -000 years ago. (The Agricultural revolution). Worlds population crossed into 7 billion now - It is unlikely that we will double the 7 billion. We will hit 9 to 11 billion people.
Fertilizers
Maximum Sustainable Yield
Types of forestry
Current Population/ 2100 projects of world population
42. Cheap - But - removes all overburden (trees - soil - rocks - etc.); obliterates natural communities b/c everything has been removed; leads to erosion; causes sulfuric acid run-off;
Malnourishment
Effect of Monsanto on soybean farming since 1994
Biological control (alternative to pesticides)
Advantages & Disadvantages of surface mining
43. Organic macromolecules hardest to provide during a famine
Artificial Organic compounds
Genetically Modified foods
Subsurface mining
Protein (usually)
44. A severe shortage of food (as through crop failure) resulting in violent hunger and starvation and death
Coal
Types of surface mining
Famine
Naturally occurring pesticides
45. Maximum Sustainable Yield - Ecosystem-based Management - Adaptive Management
Community supported agriculture (CSA)
Types of forestry
Surface mining
What we can do to make forestry more sustainable
46. Educational - Maintain biodiversity - Aesthetics - Oxygen - Improve quality of life - Co2 to O2 - Shade - Habitat/ biodiversity - Erosion - Clean water - Soil enrichment
Ecological services
Slash and Burn
Coal
Genetically Modified foods
47. Having not enough of something
Undernourishment
Food Aid
Monoculture
Famine
48. Mining method- mining underground coal deposits - in which shafts are dug deeply into the ground and networks of tunnels are dug to follow coal seams.
Malnourishment
Selective Cutting
Subsurface mining
Strip mine
49. Nicotine - Alcohol - Cocaine - if it can kill you - it can kill other living things.
Naturally occurring pesticides
Clear-cutting
Advantages & Disadvantages of surface mining
Monoculture
50. Cut trees shortly after they go through their fastest stage of growth (which is during their intermediate age) - Advantages: maximizes timber production over time - Disadvantages: trees get cut before they mature; alters forest ecology; eliminates ha
Manmade nitrogen ertilizers
Fertilizers
Biological Control
Maximum Sustainable Yield