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DSST Environmental Science: Land Use

Subjects : dsst, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Goal to guarantee an adequate - safe - nutritious - and reliable food supply available to all people at all times






2. A mineral or grouping of minerals from which we extract metals - most metals are found in ore - Copper - iron - lead gold - and aluminum - Used in electronic components of computers - cell phones - DVD players.






3. Can hurt other species - methods used to control other species can become invasive species themselves - Ex. Australia released a virus to kill the excessive rabbits; Australians brought in cane toads to kill beetles on their sugar cane - BUT the toa






4. Food assistance given to an area. Can take away the incentive to produce food in that area. Distribution is an issue.






5. The use of heavy machinery to remove huge amounts of earth to expose COAL or MINERALS - which are mined out directly.






6. Organic macromolecules hardest to provide during a famine






7. Do not naturally occur in the environment - but are synthesized by man. Since all these compounds have carbon and hydrogen atoms as the basis of their molecule (as do living plants and animals) - they are referred to as organic compounds to form pest






8. way to enhance nutrient-limited soils - Inorganic fertilizers- mined or synthetically manufactured mineral supplements - Organic fertilizers consist of the remains or wastes of organisms that include animal mancure - organic fertilizers can improve






9. About one million people on Earth 10 -000 years ago. (The Agricultural revolution). Worlds population crossed into 7 billion now - It is unlikely that we will double the 7 billion. We will hit 9 to 11 billion people.






10. Makes money - remove resources from its original location - Firewood - Paper - Lumber - Charocoal - Gem - Hunting - Medicine






11. 1990 Clean Air Act amendments encouraged clean-burning low-sulfur coal led to more mining in Appalachia -dumping ton of debris sinto valley degrades and destroys areas of habitat -social and health impacts. loose rock tumbles down into homes - overl






12. A naturally occurring solid element or inorganic compound with a crystal structure - a specific chemical composition - and distinct physical properties.






13. Cheap - But - removes all overburden (trees - soil - rocks - etc.); obliterates natural communities b/c everything has been removed; leads to erosion; causes sulfuric acid run-off;






14. Malachite contains sulfides which become strongly acidic when mixed with water and thus pollutes water






15. Made by mixing the remains or wastes of organisms including animal manure (essential) - crop residues - fresh vegetation - and compost






16. When sulfide minerals in newly exposed rock surfaces react with oxygen and rainwater to produce sulfuric acid - causing runoff as it leaches metals from the rocks






17. Cut trees shortly after they go through their fastest stage of growth (which is during their intermediate age) - Advantages: maximizes timber production over time - Disadvantages: trees get cut before they mature; alters forest ecology; eliminates ha






18. Clear cutting - Strip cutting - selective cutting






19. Solid waste from smelts






20. Manages resource harvesting so as to minimize impact on ecosystem and ecological processes that provide the resource - Advantages: can protect certain areas; can restore habitats; considers surroundings; allows timber harvesting while preserving inte






21. Mining method- mining underground coal deposits - in which shafts are dug deeply into the ground and networks of tunnels are dug to follow coal seams.






22. Fertilizers - promote plant growth by providing essential nutrients like nitrogen or phosphorus; increases crop yield - Combines/Machinery - allows farmers to work much faster and more efficiently; increases crop yield - Pesticides - kill insects - p






23. Choosing valuable trees only - lots of reseeding - transportation is hard.






24. A variation of clear-cutting in which a strip of trees is clear-cut along the contour of the land - with the corridor narrow enough to allow natural regeneration within a few years. After regeneration - another strip is cut above the first - and so o






25. One farmer=100 eaters.






26. Not enough of some vitamin/mineral/essential thing in food






27. More expensive then clear cutting - leaves rows of trees for reseeding/ future harvesting.






28. The uniform planting of a single crop






29. (Insecticides - Herbicides/ Fungicides) - Artificial chemicals used to kill pests/ insects/plants/fungi






30. A fossil fuel composed of organic matter that was compressed under very high pressure to form a dense - solid carbon structure.






31. The FSC (Forest Stewardship Council) examine the practices of firms and rate them against criteria for sustainability - Grant sustainable forest certification to forests - companies - and products produced using methods they consider sustainable.






32. Genetically engineered using recombinant DNA






33. Harvesting only mature trees of certain species and size; usually more expensive then clear-cutting but it is less disruptive for wildlife and often better for forest regeneration






34. Shafts are excavated deep into the ground - and networks of tunnels are dug or blasted out to follow deposits of the mineral. requires removal of the overburden - Used for metals ( zinc - lead - nickel - tin - gold - copper) and coal - Most dangerous






35. Soy beans have been genetically modified for better traits. 'Round up Ready' soy beans have made it so that weed killer 'round up' can be sprayed around the plants and kill all the weeds but not the soy bean plants. 'round up ready soy beans' were cr






36. Natural fertilizers from decomposing solid organic matter; have lots of nitrogen






37. A severe shortage of food (as through crop failure) resulting in violent hunger and starvation and death






38. Now makes up 80% of corn in the US - Benefits: Contains naturally occurring pesticide - Increases production - could feed more people - Grow more per square area - Doesn't spoil as quickly - Bigger - tastier






39. There is now more nitrate in the soil and water than ever - sometimes at unsafe levels - Corn harvests have improved






40. Completely missing something






41. Technology that has vastly increased the amount of food production since the agricultural revolution; currently 1 farmer for every 129 eaters






42. Locally-based socio-economic model of agriculture and food distribution. also refers to a particular network or association of individuals who have pledged to support one or more local farms - with growers and consumers sharing the risks and benefits






43. Maximum Sustainable Yield - Ecosystem-based Management - Adaptive Management






44. The surface soil that must be moved away to get at coal seams and mineral deposits






45. Advantages: removes the least amount of unwanted material so less waste - Disadvantages: potential collapse; sinkholes; acid drainage; pollutes groundwater; risk of injury/death from dynamite blasts - natural gas explosions - inhalation of toxic gass






46. Long term information is unknown - Can take over surrounding ecosystem - Pest-killing toxin also kills insects that should not and are not meant to be killed such as monarch butterflies - Pollen can be carried to nearby plants by wind thus making th






47. In the last 100 years - humans have doubled the amount of organic nitrogen in the biosphere by artificial synthesis of ammonia.






48. Uses the idea that 'the enemy of one's enemy is one's friend' - Battles pests and weeds with organisms that eat or infect them - Can be extremely effective and inexpensive






49. Foods derived from genetically modified organisms. Genetically modified organisms have had specific changes introduced into their DNA by genetic engineering techniques. include selective breeding; plant breeding. Typically - genetically modified food






50. - the turning and loosening of soil for the planting of crops