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Test your basic knowledge |
DSST Environmental Science: Land Use
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
dsst
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Not enough of some vitamin/mineral/essential thing in food
Undernourishment/Marasmus
Clear cutting
Advantages & Disadvantages of Subsurface mining
Pesticides
2. A fossil fuel composed of organic matter that was compressed under very high pressure to form a dense - solid carbon structure.
Coal
Tailings/ Gangue
Undernourishment/Marasmus
Dangers of Biological control
3. The surface soil that must be moved away to get at coal seams and mineral deposits
Ecological services
Acid mine drainage
Overburden
Economic services
4. Completely missing something acquired from food; usually protein or vitamin C
Malnourishment/Kwashiorkor
Food Aid
How corn yield has changed in the United States since the 1920s
Ecosystem-based Management
5. Recycle batteries - Send large amounts of metal to scrap yards/businesses instead of to landfills (ex. cars - fridges - dishwashers - etc.) - Recycle old electronics like phones and computers to prevent more mining of minerals like tantalum that are
How corn yield has changed in the United States since the 1920s
Slash and Burn
Things people can do to avoid depleting minerals
Biological control (alternative to pesticides)
6. Technology that has vastly increased the amount of food production since the agricultural revolution; currently 1 farmer for every 129 eaters
Undernourishment/Marasmus
Strip cutting
Pest management
Mechanization/tractors/combines
7. Manages resource harvesting so as to minimize impact on ecosystem and ecological processes that provide the resource - Advantages: can protect certain areas; can restore habitats; considers surroundings; allows timber harvesting while preserving inte
Biological control (alternative to pesticides)
Ecosystem-based Management
Food security
Ore
8. Long term information is unknown - Can take over surrounding ecosystem - Pest-killing toxin also kills insects that should not and are not meant to be killed such as monarch butterflies - Pollen can be carried to nearby plants by wind thus making th
Lesson from Food Inc
Protein (usually)
Risks of Bt Corn
Coal
9. Systematically tests different approaches and aims to improve methods and find ideal over time - Advantages: can be highly effective; works with each specific environment; can protect species; can provide minimum impact - Disadvantages: difficult to
Ore
Selective cutting
Adaptive Management
Maximum Sustainable Yield
10. - the turning and loosening of soil for the planting of crops
Clear cutting
Agricultural revolution and technology
Selective Cutting
Plowing
11. Do not naturally occur in the environment - but are synthesized by man. Since all these compounds have carbon and hydrogen atoms as the basis of their molecule (as do living plants and animals) - they are referred to as organic compounds to form pest
Artificial Organic compounds
Clear cutting
Impact of Mountain-Top Removal
Mechanization/tractors/combines
12. Choosing valuable trees only - lots of reseeding - transportation is hard.
Types of forestry
Genetically modified food
Clear cutting
Selective cutting
13. Uses the idea that 'the enemy of one's enemy is one's friend' - Battles pests and weeds with organisms that eat or infect them - Can be extremely effective and inexpensive
Effect of Monsanto on soybean farming since 1994
Biological control (alternative to pesticides)
To purify copper from malachite
Food Aid
14. The golden molecule for plants because it makes them grow - Leagues have special nitrogen fixing bacteria in their rhizomes (roots) - Three covalent bonds for N2. Stronger the covalent bonds - the harder it is to react. Nitrogen gas is inert.
To purify copper from malachite
Protein (usually)
Nitrate
Ore
15. Advantages: removes the least amount of unwanted material so less waste - Disadvantages: potential collapse; sinkholes; acid drainage; pollutes groundwater; risk of injury/death from dynamite blasts - natural gas explosions - inhalation of toxic gass
Mountain-Top Removal
Clear cutting
Sustainable Forestry
Advantages & Disadvantages of Subsurface mining
16. Locally-based socio-economic model of agriculture and food distribution. also refers to a particular network or association of individuals who have pledged to support one or more local farms - with growers and consumers sharing the risks and benefits
Industrial Agriculture/ Factory Farming
Types of forestry
Strip Cutting
Community supported agriculture (CSA)
17. Cutting the trees down - burning them. Nutrients from the ash go to soil. You have a farmland for ranching cattle or farming soybeans.
Minerals
Slash and Burn
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
Clear-cutting
18. Educational - Maintain biodiversity - Aesthetics - Oxygen - Improve quality of life - Co2 to O2 - Shade - Habitat/ biodiversity - Erosion - Clean water - Soil enrichment
What we can do to make forestry more sustainable
Dangers of Biological control
Ecological services
Selective Cutting
19. Worthless material that surrounds a wanted mineral in an ore deposit.
Why malachite was originally left behind as tailing from copper mines
Dangers of Biological control
Tailings/ Gangue
Mountain-Top Removal
20. -boosts yields by intensifying irrigation and introducing synthetic fertilizers - while the advent of chemical pesticides reduce competition from weeds and herbivory by crop pests - Industrial agriculture works best under the condition of monoculture
Things people can do to avoid depleting minerals
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
Industrial Agriculture/ Factory Farming
Sustainable Forestry
21. Corn yield has increased dramatically in the US since the 1920s because it was in the 1920s that GM corn started to be developed
Tailings/ Gangue
Pest management
Undernourishment
How corn yield has changed in the United States since the 1920s
22. Genetically engineered using recombinant DNA
Malnourishment/Kwashiorkor
Genetically modified food
Maximum Sustainable Yield
Plowing
23. When sulfide minerals in newly exposed rock surfaces react with oxygen and rainwater to produce sulfuric acid - causing runoff as it leaches metals from the rocks
Acid mine drainage
Sustainable Forestry
Minerals
Slash and Burn
24. To reclaim is to make things level - and to get something growing and prevent erosion - If the U.S were to try to reclaim - it would cost tax payers about 2 trillion dollars.
Community supported agriculture (CSA)
Coal
Slash and Burn
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
25. Soy beans have been genetically modified for better traits. 'Round up Ready' soy beans have made it so that weed killer 'round up' can be sprayed around the plants and kill all the weeds but not the soy bean plants. 'round up ready soy beans' were cr
Open pit mine
Effect of Monsanto on soybean farming since 1994
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
Undernourishment
26. A severe shortage of food (as through crop failure) resulting in violent hunger and starvation and death
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
Slash and Burn
Famine
Undernourishment/Marasmus
27. Natural fertilizers from decomposing solid organic matter; have lots of nitrogen
Manure/compost
Surface mining
Things people can do to avoid depleting minerals
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
28. A variation of clear-cutting in which a strip of trees is clear-cut along the contour of the land - with the corridor narrow enough to allow natural regeneration within a few years. After regeneration - another strip is cut above the first - and so o
Community garden
Undernourishment
Coal
Strip cutting
29. Harvesting only mature trees of certain species and size; usually more expensive then clear-cutting but it is less disruptive for wildlife and often better for forest regeneration
Clear cutting
Selective Cutting
Slash and Burn
Agricultural revolution and technology
30. About one million people on Earth 10 -000 years ago. (The Agricultural revolution). Worlds population crossed into 7 billion now - It is unlikely that we will double the 7 billion. We will hit 9 to 11 billion people.
Current Population/ 2100 projects of world population
Plowing
Risks of Bt Corn
Effect of man made fertilizer on the amount of nitrate in the soil and water from 100 years ago
31. Made by mixing the remains or wastes of organisms including animal manure (essential) - crop residues - fresh vegetation - and compost
Food Aid
Artificial Organic compounds
Manmade nitrogen ertilizers
Overburden
32. A naturally occurring solid element or inorganic compound with a crystal structure - a specific chemical composition - and distinct physical properties.
Advantages & Disadvantages of surface mining
Minerals
Artificial Organic compounds
Ore
33. Maximum Sustainable Yield - Ecosystem-based Management - Adaptive Management
What we can do to make forestry more sustainable
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
Malnourishment
Mechanization/tractors/combines
34. A mining technique that involves digging a gigantic hole and removing the desire ORE - along with waste rock that surrounds the ore.
Impact of Mountain-Top Removal
Open pit mine
Monoculture
Naturally occurring pesticides
35. Organic macromolecules hardest to provide during a famine
To purify copper from malachite
Protein (usually)
Agricultural revolution and technology
Industrial Agriculture/ Factory Farming
36. Mining method- mining underground coal deposits - in which shafts are dug deeply into the ground and networks of tunnels are dug to follow coal seams.
Subsurface mining
Malnourishment/Kwashiorkor
Slash and Burn
Biological Control
37. Controversial logging practice where all trees in an area are uniformly cut down - used by foresters to create certain types of forest ecosystems and to promote select species that requires an abudnace of sunlight or grow in large - even--age stands
Slash and Burn
Malnourishment
Clear-cutting
Minerals
38. By far the best method for managing pests - Uses chemical pesticides - biocontrol - AND diversity - Not monoculture; things are planted in a mosaic so that if pests attack all of the corn in one area there is still more corn somewhere else - Proven t
Fertilizers
Risks of Bt Corn
Slag
Pest management
39. In the last 100 years - humans have doubled the amount of organic nitrogen in the biosphere by artificial synthesis of ammonia.
Types of forestry
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
Manmade nitrogen fertilizers
How corn yield has changed in the United States since the 1920s
40. More expensive then clear cutting - leaves rows of trees for reseeding/ future harvesting.
Malnourishment
Malnourishment/Kwashiorkor
Subsurface mining
Strip Cutting
41. Shafts are excavated deep into the ground - and networks of tunnels are dug or blasted out to follow deposits of the mineral. requires removal of the overburden - Used for metals ( zinc - lead - nickel - tin - gold - copper) and coal - Most dangerous
Tailings/ Gangue
To purify copper from malachite
Surface mining
Current Population/ 2100 projects of world population
42. Cut trees shortly after they go through their fastest stage of growth (which is during their intermediate age) - Advantages: maximizes timber production over time - Disadvantages: trees get cut before they mature; alters forest ecology; eliminates ha
Advantages & Disadvantages of Subsurface mining
Clear cutting
Undernourishment
Maximum Sustainable Yield
43. Heating ore beyond its melting point and combining it with other metals or chemicals ( process of separating).
What we can do to make forestry more sustainable
Smelting
Manmade nitrogen fertilizers
Genetically Modified foods
44. 1990 Clean Air Act amendments encouraged clean-burning low-sulfur coal led to more mining in Appalachia -dumping ton of debris sinto valley degrades and destroys areas of habitat -social and health impacts. loose rock tumbles down into homes - overl
Advantages & Disadvantages of Subsurface mining
Impact of Mountain-Top Removal
Pesticides
Tailings/ Gangue
45. (Insecticides - Herbicides/ Fungicides) - Artificial chemicals used to kill pests/ insects/plants/fungi
Types of surface mining
Risks of Bt Corn
Pesticides
Coal
46. Having not enough of something
Industrial Agriculture/ Factory Farming
Undernourishment
Coal
Ecosystem-based Management
47. Mix the malachite with water and 6M sulfuric acid and heat the mixture - creating a transformation reaction where the only left over matter is the sand - which is then strained out. Iron fillings are then added to the solution - a substitution react
Clear-cutting
Ecosystem-based Management
To purify copper from malachite
Overburden
48. Solid waste from smelts
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
Ore
Slag
Famine
49. Makes money - remove resources from its original location - Firewood - Paper - Lumber - Charocoal - Gem - Hunting - Medicine
Acid mine drainage
Coal
Economic services
Tailings/ Gangue
50. Cheap - But - removes all overburden (trees - soil - rocks - etc.); obliterates natural communities b/c everything has been removed; leads to erosion; causes sulfuric acid run-off;
Strip cutting
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
Advantages & Disadvantages of surface mining
Food Aid