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Test your basic knowledge |
DSST Environmental Science: Land Use
Start Test
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Subjects
:
dsst
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. In the last 100 years - humans have doubled the amount of organic nitrogen in the biosphere by artificial synthesis of ammonia.
Manmade nitrogen fertilizers
Mountain-Top Removal
Smelting
What we can do to make forestry more sustainable
2. Genetically engineered using recombinant DNA
Genetically modified food
Plowing
Effect of man made fertilizer on the amount of nitrate in the soil and water from 100 years ago
Manmade nitrogen ertilizers
3. Maximum Sustainable Yield - Ecosystem-based Management - Adaptive Management
What we can do to make forestry more sustainable
Types of forestry
Industrial Agriculture/ Factory Farming
Things people can do to avoid depleting minerals
4. Completely missing something acquired from food; usually protein or vitamin C
Genetically modified food
Malnourishment/Kwashiorkor
Pest management
Protein (usually)
5. Organic macromolecules hardest to provide during a famine
Famine
Protein (usually)
Current Population/ 2100 projects of world population
Pest management
6. Makes money - remove resources from its original location - Firewood - Paper - Lumber - Charocoal - Gem - Hunting - Medicine
Economic services
Genetically modified food
Open pit mine
Things people can do to avoid depleting minerals
7. way to enhance nutrient-limited soils - Inorganic fertilizers- mined or synthetically manufactured mineral supplements - Organic fertilizers consist of the remains or wastes of organisms that include animal mancure - organic fertilizers can improve
Mechanization/tractors/combines
Famine
Fertilizers
Artificial Organic compounds
8. A mining technique that involves digging a gigantic hole and removing the desire ORE - along with waste rock that surrounds the ore.
Open pit mine
Effect of man made fertilizer on the amount of nitrate in the soil and water from 100 years ago
Maximum Sustainable Yield
Strip cutting
9. Uses the idea that 'the enemy of one's enemy is one's friend' - Battles pests and weeds with organisms that eat or infect them - Can be extremely effective and inexpensive
Manmade nitrogen ertilizers
Advantages & Disadvantages of Subsurface mining
Biological control (alternative to pesticides)
Current Population/ 2100 projects of world population
10. One farmer=100 eaters.
Overburden
Lesson from Food Inc
How corn yield has changed in the United States since the 1920s
Ecosystem-based Management
11. Soy beans have been genetically modified for better traits. 'Round up Ready' soy beans have made it so that weed killer 'round up' can be sprayed around the plants and kill all the weeds but not the soy bean plants. 'round up ready soy beans' were cr
Mechanization/tractors/combines
Acid mine drainage
Undernourishment
Effect of Monsanto on soybean farming since 1994
12. Combination of different pest management techniques combined in a specific way best for the place they are being used.
Economic services
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
Biological control (alternative to pesticides)
Open pit mine
13. Harvesting only mature trees of certain species and size; usually more expensive then clear-cutting but it is less disruptive for wildlife and often better for forest regeneration
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
Impact of Mountain-Top Removal
Overburden
Selective Cutting
14. Cutting the trees down - burning them. Nutrients from the ash go to soil. You have a farmland for ranching cattle or farming soybeans.
Tailings/ Gangue
Slash and Burn
Effect of Monsanto on soybean farming since 1994
Undernourishment/Marasmus
15. The use of heavy machinery to remove huge amounts of earth to expose COAL or MINERALS - which are mined out directly.
Bt Corn
Malnourishment/Kwashiorkor
Clear-cutting
Strip mine
16. Not enough of some vitamin/mineral/essential thing in food
Undernourishment/Marasmus
Malnourishment/Kwashiorkor
Pesticides
Monoculture
17. Manages resource harvesting so as to minimize impact on ecosystem and ecological processes that provide the resource - Advantages: can protect certain areas; can restore habitats; considers surroundings; allows timber harvesting while preserving inte
Undernourishment
Effect of Monsanto on soybean farming since 1994
Nitrate
Ecosystem-based Management
18. To reclaim is to make things level - and to get something growing and prevent erosion - If the U.S were to try to reclaim - it would cost tax payers about 2 trillion dollars.
Current Population/ 2100 projects of world population
How corn yield has changed in the United States since the 1920s
Smelting
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
19. Cheap - But - removes all overburden (trees - soil - rocks - etc.); obliterates natural communities b/c everything has been removed; leads to erosion; causes sulfuric acid run-off;
Community garden
Things people can do to avoid depleting minerals
Strip Cutting
Advantages & Disadvantages of surface mining
20. The uniform planting of a single crop
Ecological services
Advantages & Disadvantages of Subsurface mining
Monoculture
Clear-cutting
21. Natural fertilizers from decomposing solid organic matter; have lots of nitrogen
Food Aid
Manure/compost
Manmade nitrogen fertilizers
Overburden
22. Advantages: removes the least amount of unwanted material so less waste - Disadvantages: potential collapse; sinkholes; acid drainage; pollutes groundwater; risk of injury/death from dynamite blasts - natural gas explosions - inhalation of toxic gass
Monoculture
Undernourishment
Advantages & Disadvantages of Subsurface mining
Mountain-Top Removal
23. - the turning and loosening of soil for the planting of crops
Slash and Burn
Maximum Sustainable Yield
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
Plowing
24. Mix the malachite with water and 6M sulfuric acid and heat the mixture - creating a transformation reaction where the only left over matter is the sand - which is then strained out. Iron fillings are then added to the solution - a substitution react
To purify copper from malachite
Famine
Selective Cutting
Undernourishment/Marasmus
25. Strip mining - open pit mining - mountain top removal
Mountain-Top Removal
Ecological services
Agricultural revolution and technology
Types of surface mining
26. Completely missing something
Malnourishment
Strip mine
Community supported agriculture (CSA)
Slag
27. Solid waste from smelts
Effect of man made fertilizer on the amount of nitrate in the soil and water from 100 years ago
Tailings/ Gangue
Acid mine drainage
Slag
28. A fossil fuel composed of organic matter that was compressed under very high pressure to form a dense - solid carbon structure.
Food security
Maximum Sustainable Yield
Genetically Modified foods
Coal
29. The golden molecule for plants because it makes them grow - Leagues have special nitrogen fixing bacteria in their rhizomes (roots) - Three covalent bonds for N2. Stronger the covalent bonds - the harder it is to react. Nitrogen gas is inert.
Community garden
Nitrate
Adaptive Management
Slag
30. Malachite contains sulfides which become strongly acidic when mixed with water and thus pollutes water
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
Effect of Monsanto on soybean farming since 1994
Industrial Agriculture/ Factory Farming
Genetically Modified foods
31. Technology that has vastly increased the amount of food production since the agricultural revolution; currently 1 farmer for every 129 eaters
Mechanization/tractors/combines
Undernourishment/Marasmus
How corn yield has changed in the United States since the 1920s
Coal
32. Educational - Maintain biodiversity - Aesthetics - Oxygen - Improve quality of life - Co2 to O2 - Shade - Habitat/ biodiversity - Erosion - Clean water - Soil enrichment
Subsurface mining
Ecological services
Food Aid
Types of forestry
33. By far the best method for managing pests - Uses chemical pesticides - biocontrol - AND diversity - Not monoculture; things are planted in a mosaic so that if pests attack all of the corn in one area there is still more corn somewhere else - Proven t
Nitrate
Adaptive Management
Pest management
How corn yield has changed in the United States since the 1920s
34. Mining method- mining underground coal deposits - in which shafts are dug deeply into the ground and networks of tunnels are dug to follow coal seams.
Ecosystem-based Management
Agricultural revolution and technology
Tailings/ Gangue
Subsurface mining
35. Shafts are excavated deep into the ground - and networks of tunnels are dug or blasted out to follow deposits of the mineral. requires removal of the overburden - Used for metals ( zinc - lead - nickel - tin - gold - copper) and coal - Most dangerous
Current Population/ 2100 projects of world population
Malnourishment/Kwashiorkor
Why malachite was originally left behind as tailing from copper mines
Surface mining
36. Locally-based socio-economic model of agriculture and food distribution. also refers to a particular network or association of individuals who have pledged to support one or more local farms - with growers and consumers sharing the risks and benefits
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
Community supported agriculture (CSA)
Biological control (alternative to pesticides)
Manure/compost
37. Having not enough of something
Undernourishment
Malnourishment/Kwashiorkor
Food security
Current Population/ 2100 projects of world population
38. More expensive then clear cutting - leaves rows of trees for reseeding/ future harvesting.
Genetically Modified foods
Strip Cutting
Famine
Plowing
39. Choosing valuable trees only - lots of reseeding - transportation is hard.
Selective cutting
Malnourishment/Kwashiorkor
Effect of man made fertilizer on the amount of nitrate in the soil and water from 100 years ago
Famine
40. Recycle batteries - Send large amounts of metal to scrap yards/businesses instead of to landfills (ex. cars - fridges - dishwashers - etc.) - Recycle old electronics like phones and computers to prevent more mining of minerals like tantalum that are
Community garden
Manure/compost
Things people can do to avoid depleting minerals
Adaptive Management
41. When sulfide minerals in newly exposed rock surfaces react with oxygen and rainwater to produce sulfuric acid - causing runoff as it leaches metals from the rocks
Effect of Monsanto on soybean farming since 1994
Sustainable Forestry
Plowing
Acid mine drainage
42. Foods derived from genetically modified organisms. Genetically modified organisms have had specific changes introduced into their DNA by genetic engineering techniques. include selective breeding; plant breeding. Typically - genetically modified food
Genetically Modified foods
Manmade nitrogen fertilizers
Ecosystem-based Management
Overburden
43. A mineral or grouping of minerals from which we extract metals - most metals are found in ore - Copper - iron - lead gold - and aluminum - Used in electronic components of computers - cell phones - DVD players.
Manmade nitrogen ertilizers
Plowing
Ore
Types of surface mining
44. Mining method- mountain's forests are clear-cut and the timber is sold - topsoild is removed - and then the rock is blasted away to expose the coal for extraction. Overburden is placed back on the mountaintop. Primarily for coal in the Appalachian Mo
Food Aid
Tailings/ Gangue
Coal
Mountain-Top Removal
45. About one million people on Earth 10 -000 years ago. (The Agricultural revolution). Worlds population crossed into 7 billion now - It is unlikely that we will double the 7 billion. We will hit 9 to 11 billion people.
Bt Corn
Current Population/ 2100 projects of world population
Tailings/ Gangue
Monoculture
46. Cut trees shortly after they go through their fastest stage of growth (which is during their intermediate age) - Advantages: maximizes timber production over time - Disadvantages: trees get cut before they mature; alters forest ecology; eliminates ha
Minerals
Ore
Maximum Sustainable Yield
Ecological services
47. 1990 Clean Air Act amendments encouraged clean-burning low-sulfur coal led to more mining in Appalachia -dumping ton of debris sinto valley degrades and destroys areas of habitat -social and health impacts. loose rock tumbles down into homes - overl
Clear cutting
Impact of Mountain-Top Removal
Strip cutting
Manmade nitrogen ertilizers
48. Cheapest - easiest transportation removal of lumber - Most environmentally harmful - takes all trees - leaves nothing
Community garden
Agricultural revolution and technology
Clear cutting
Smelting
49. -boosts yields by intensifying irrigation and introducing synthetic fertilizers - while the advent of chemical pesticides reduce competition from weeds and herbivory by crop pests - Industrial agriculture works best under the condition of monoculture
Clear-cutting
Bt Corn
Industrial Agriculture/ Factory Farming
How corn yield has changed in the United States since the 1920s
50. A variation of clear-cutting in which a strip of trees is clear-cut along the contour of the land - with the corridor narrow enough to allow natural regeneration within a few years. After regeneration - another strip is cut above the first - and so o
Protein (usually)
Adaptive Management
Strip cutting
Pesticides