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Test your basic knowledge |
DSST Environmental Science: Land Use
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
dsst
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. When sulfide minerals in newly exposed rock surfaces react with oxygen and rainwater to produce sulfuric acid - causing runoff as it leaches metals from the rocks
Nitrate
Acid mine drainage
Types of forestry
Protein (usually)
2. A single piece of land gardened collectively by a group of people.
Strip cutting
Malnourishment/Kwashiorkor
Community garden
Food security
3. Mining method- mountain's forests are clear-cut and the timber is sold - topsoild is removed - and then the rock is blasted away to expose the coal for extraction. Overburden is placed back on the mountaintop. Primarily for coal in the Appalachian Mo
Mountain-Top Removal
Minerals
Types of surface mining
Food security
4. Systematically tests different approaches and aims to improve methods and find ideal over time - Advantages: can be highly effective; works with each specific environment; can protect species; can provide minimum impact - Disadvantages: difficult to
Undernourishment
Adaptive Management
Overburden
Economic services
5. Cutting the trees down - burning them. Nutrients from the ash go to soil. You have a farmland for ranching cattle or farming soybeans.
Agricultural revolution and technology
Pest management
Slash and Burn
Types of forestry
6. Advantages: removes the least amount of unwanted material so less waste - Disadvantages: potential collapse; sinkholes; acid drainage; pollutes groundwater; risk of injury/death from dynamite blasts - natural gas explosions - inhalation of toxic gass
Selective Cutting
Sustainable Forestry
Advantages & Disadvantages of Subsurface mining
Slash and Burn
7. The FSC (Forest Stewardship Council) examine the practices of firms and rate them against criteria for sustainability - Grant sustainable forest certification to forests - companies - and products produced using methods they consider sustainable.
Strip mine
Industrial Agriculture/ Factory Farming
What we can do to make forestry more sustainable
Sustainable Forestry
8. Technology was not able to profitably remove the copper from the malachite
Coal
Why malachite was originally left behind as tailing from copper mines
Smelting
Sustainable Forestry
9. (Insecticides - Herbicides/ Fungicides) - Artificial chemicals used to kill pests/ insects/plants/fungi
Advantages & Disadvantages of Subsurface mining
Clear cutting
Smelting
Pesticides
10. One farmer=100 eaters.
Slag
Economic services
Plowing
Lesson from Food Inc
11. Locally-based socio-economic model of agriculture and food distribution. also refers to a particular network or association of individuals who have pledged to support one or more local farms - with growers and consumers sharing the risks and benefits
To purify copper from malachite
Community supported agriculture (CSA)
Ecological services
Ecosystem-based Management
12. About one million people on Earth 10 -000 years ago. (The Agricultural revolution). Worlds population crossed into 7 billion now - It is unlikely that we will double the 7 billion. We will hit 9 to 11 billion people.
Selective cutting
Current Population/ 2100 projects of world population
Manure/compost
Ecosystem-based Management
13. Uses the idea that 'the enemy of one's enemy is one's friend' - Battles pests and weeds with organisms that eat or infect them - Can be extremely effective and inexpensive
Bt Corn
Biological control (alternative to pesticides)
How corn yield has changed in the United States since the 1920s
Pesticides
14. -boosts yields by intensifying irrigation and introducing synthetic fertilizers - while the advent of chemical pesticides reduce competition from weeds and herbivory by crop pests - Industrial agriculture works best under the condition of monoculture
Industrial Agriculture/ Factory Farming
Selective cutting
Famine
Undernourishment/Marasmus
15. The use of heavy machinery to remove huge amounts of earth to expose COAL or MINERALS - which are mined out directly.
Fertilizers
Biological Control
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
Strip mine
16. A severe shortage of food (as through crop failure) resulting in violent hunger and starvation and death
Lesson from Food Inc
Industrial Agriculture/ Factory Farming
Famine
Effect of man made fertilizer on the amount of nitrate in the soil and water from 100 years ago
17. Worthless material that surrounds a wanted mineral in an ore deposit.
Plowing
Tailings/ Gangue
Types of forestry
Why malachite was originally left behind as tailing from copper mines
18. A mining technique that involves digging a gigantic hole and removing the desire ORE - along with waste rock that surrounds the ore.
Manure/compost
Nitrate
Open pit mine
Selective Cutting
19. Can hurt other species - methods used to control other species can become invasive species themselves - Ex. Australia released a virus to kill the excessive rabbits; Australians brought in cane toads to kill beetles on their sugar cane - BUT the toa
Economic services
Selective cutting
Advantages & Disadvantages of surface mining
Dangers of Biological control
20. A mineral or grouping of minerals from which we extract metals - most metals are found in ore - Copper - iron - lead gold - and aluminum - Used in electronic components of computers - cell phones - DVD players.
Surface mining
Ore
Selective cutting
Food security
21. Having not enough of something
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
Acid mine drainage
Famine
Undernourishment
22. Completely missing something acquired from food; usually protein or vitamin C
Malnourishment/Kwashiorkor
Types of surface mining
Advantages & Disadvantages of surface mining
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
23. way to enhance nutrient-limited soils - Inorganic fertilizers- mined or synthetically manufactured mineral supplements - Organic fertilizers consist of the remains or wastes of organisms that include animal mancure - organic fertilizers can improve
Manure/compost
Fertilizers
Genetically modified food
Smelting
24. Goal to guarantee an adequate - safe - nutritious - and reliable food supply available to all people at all times
Strip Cutting
Risks of Bt Corn
Famine
Food security
25. Now makes up 80% of corn in the US - Benefits: Contains naturally occurring pesticide - Increases production - could feed more people - Grow more per square area - Doesn't spoil as quickly - Bigger - tastier
Things people can do to avoid depleting minerals
Strip mine
Bt Corn
Naturally occurring pesticides
26. Cheapest - easiest transportation removal of lumber - Most environmentally harmful - takes all trees - leaves nothing
Slash and Burn
Impact of Mountain-Top Removal
Clear cutting
Surface mining
27. Controversial logging practice where all trees in an area are uniformly cut down - used by foresters to create certain types of forest ecosystems and to promote select species that requires an abudnace of sunlight or grow in large - even--age stands
Strip mine
Malnourishment/Kwashiorkor
Types of forestry
Clear-cutting
28. Fertilizers - promote plant growth by providing essential nutrients like nitrogen or phosphorus; increases crop yield - Combines/Machinery - allows farmers to work much faster and more efficiently; increases crop yield - Pesticides - kill insects - p
Advantages & Disadvantages of surface mining
Malnourishment
Agricultural revolution and technology
Acid mine drainage
29. Corn yield has increased dramatically in the US since the 1920s because it was in the 1920s that GM corn started to be developed
Tailings/ Gangue
Strip Cutting
Adaptive Management
How corn yield has changed in the United States since the 1920s
30. Solid waste from smelts
Manmade nitrogen ertilizers
Effect of man made fertilizer on the amount of nitrate in the soil and water from 100 years ago
Slag
Dangers of Biological control
31. Mix the malachite with water and 6M sulfuric acid and heat the mixture - creating a transformation reaction where the only left over matter is the sand - which is then strained out. Iron fillings are then added to the solution - a substitution react
Surface mining
Overburden
To purify copper from malachite
Undernourishment/Marasmus
32. Educational - Maintain biodiversity - Aesthetics - Oxygen - Improve quality of life - Co2 to O2 - Shade - Habitat/ biodiversity - Erosion - Clean water - Soil enrichment
Acid mine drainage
Advantages & Disadvantages of surface mining
Ecological services
Malnourishment/Kwashiorkor
33. Organic macromolecules hardest to provide during a famine
Protein (usually)
Famine
What we can do to make forestry more sustainable
Malnourishment
34. Foods derived from genetically modified organisms. Genetically modified organisms have had specific changes introduced into their DNA by genetic engineering techniques. include selective breeding; plant breeding. Typically - genetically modified food
Genetically Modified foods
Agricultural revolution and technology
Artificial Organic compounds
Current Population/ 2100 projects of world population
35. Genetically engineered using recombinant DNA
Undernourishment
Dangers of Biological control
Acid mine drainage
Genetically modified food
36. Natural fertilizers from decomposing solid organic matter; have lots of nitrogen
Selective cutting
Manure/compost
Effect of man made fertilizer on the amount of nitrate in the soil and water from 100 years ago
Subsurface mining
37. To reclaim is to make things level - and to get something growing and prevent erosion - If the U.S were to try to reclaim - it would cost tax payers about 2 trillion dollars.
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
Sustainable Forestry
Effect of man made fertilizer on the amount of nitrate in the soil and water from 100 years ago
Open pit mine
38. A variation of clear-cutting in which a strip of trees is clear-cut along the contour of the land - with the corridor narrow enough to allow natural regeneration within a few years. After regeneration - another strip is cut above the first - and so o
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
Bt Corn
Strip cutting
Advantages & Disadvantages of Subsurface mining
39. Choosing valuable trees only - lots of reseeding - transportation is hard.
Selective cutting
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
Manmade nitrogen fertilizers
Tailings/ Gangue
40. Manages resource harvesting so as to minimize impact on ecosystem and ecological processes that provide the resource - Advantages: can protect certain areas; can restore habitats; considers surroundings; allows timber harvesting while preserving inte
Effect of Monsanto on soybean farming since 1994
Ecosystem-based Management
How corn yield has changed in the United States since the 1920s
Overburden
41. Shafts are excavated deep into the ground - and networks of tunnels are dug or blasted out to follow deposits of the mineral. requires removal of the overburden - Used for metals ( zinc - lead - nickel - tin - gold - copper) and coal - Most dangerous
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
Surface mining
Impact of Mountain-Top Removal
Protein (usually)
42. The uniform planting of a single crop
Monoculture
Malnourishment
Undernourishment/Marasmus
Things people can do to avoid depleting minerals
43. Technology that has vastly increased the amount of food production since the agricultural revolution; currently 1 farmer for every 129 eaters
Bt Corn
Mechanization/tractors/combines
Manmade nitrogen fertilizers
Selective Cutting
44. Recycle batteries - Send large amounts of metal to scrap yards/businesses instead of to landfills (ex. cars - fridges - dishwashers - etc.) - Recycle old electronics like phones and computers to prevent more mining of minerals like tantalum that are
Advantages & Disadvantages of surface mining
Things people can do to avoid depleting minerals
Famine
Coal
45. Do not naturally occur in the environment - but are synthesized by man. Since all these compounds have carbon and hydrogen atoms as the basis of their molecule (as do living plants and animals) - they are referred to as organic compounds to form pest
Malnourishment
Artificial Organic compounds
Impact of Mountain-Top Removal
Genetically Modified foods
46. More expensive then clear cutting - leaves rows of trees for reseeding/ future harvesting.
Slash and Burn
Biological Control
Famine
Strip Cutting
47. Maximum Sustainable Yield - Ecosystem-based Management - Adaptive Management
Impact of Mountain-Top Removal
Effect of Monsanto on soybean farming since 1994
What we can do to make forestry more sustainable
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
48. A naturally occurring solid element or inorganic compound with a crystal structure - a specific chemical composition - and distinct physical properties.
Ecosystem-based Management
Mountain-Top Removal
Genetically modified food
Minerals
49. By far the best method for managing pests - Uses chemical pesticides - biocontrol - AND diversity - Not monoculture; things are planted in a mosaic so that if pests attack all of the corn in one area there is still more corn somewhere else - Proven t
Nitrate
Current Population/ 2100 projects of world population
Pest management
Tailings/ Gangue
50. Not enough of some vitamin/mineral/essential thing in food
Effect of Monsanto on soybean farming since 1994
To purify copper from malachite
Undernourishment/Marasmus
Agricultural revolution and technology