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Test your basic knowledge |
DSST Environmental Science: Land Use
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Subjects
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dsst
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A mining technique that involves digging a gigantic hole and removing the desire ORE - along with waste rock that surrounds the ore.
Things people can do to avoid depleting minerals
Genetically Modified foods
Manmade nitrogen ertilizers
Open pit mine
2. To reclaim is to make things level - and to get something growing and prevent erosion - If the U.S were to try to reclaim - it would cost tax payers about 2 trillion dollars.
Selective Cutting
Effect of Monsanto on soybean farming since 1994
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
Protein (usually)
3. Corn yield has increased dramatically in the US since the 1920s because it was in the 1920s that GM corn started to be developed
Naturally occurring pesticides
How corn yield has changed in the United States since the 1920s
Things people can do to avoid depleting minerals
What we can do to make forestry more sustainable
4. Heating ore beyond its melting point and combining it with other metals or chemicals ( process of separating).
How corn yield has changed in the United States since the 1920s
Plowing
Sustainable Forestry
Smelting
5. Manages resource harvesting so as to minimize impact on ecosystem and ecological processes that provide the resource - Advantages: can protect certain areas; can restore habitats; considers surroundings; allows timber harvesting while preserving inte
Food Aid
Ecosystem-based Management
Naturally occurring pesticides
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
6. Maximum Sustainable Yield - Ecosystem-based Management - Adaptive Management
What we can do to make forestry more sustainable
Economic services
Ore
To purify copper from malachite
7. 1990 Clean Air Act amendments encouraged clean-burning low-sulfur coal led to more mining in Appalachia -dumping ton of debris sinto valley degrades and destroys areas of habitat -social and health impacts. loose rock tumbles down into homes - overl
Pesticides
Impact of Mountain-Top Removal
Biological control (alternative to pesticides)
Plowing
8. Now makes up 80% of corn in the US - Benefits: Contains naturally occurring pesticide - Increases production - could feed more people - Grow more per square area - Doesn't spoil as quickly - Bigger - tastier
Bt Corn
Agricultural revolution and technology
Nitrate
Manmade nitrogen ertilizers
9. Do not naturally occur in the environment - but are synthesized by man. Since all these compounds have carbon and hydrogen atoms as the basis of their molecule (as do living plants and animals) - they are referred to as organic compounds to form pest
Artificial Organic compounds
Manure/compost
Naturally occurring pesticides
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
10. Shafts are excavated deep into the ground - and networks of tunnels are dug or blasted out to follow deposits of the mineral. requires removal of the overburden - Used for metals ( zinc - lead - nickel - tin - gold - copper) and coal - Most dangerous
Surface mining
Strip mine
Why malachite was originally left behind as tailing from copper mines
Coal
11. Clear cutting - Strip cutting - selective cutting
Agricultural revolution and technology
Naturally occurring pesticides
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
Types of forestry
12. A mineral or grouping of minerals from which we extract metals - most metals are found in ore - Copper - iron - lead gold - and aluminum - Used in electronic components of computers - cell phones - DVD players.
Subsurface mining
Effect of Monsanto on soybean farming since 1994
Ore
Ecological services
13. The uniform planting of a single crop
Ecosystem-based Management
Impact of Mountain-Top Removal
Monoculture
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
14. - the turning and loosening of soil for the planting of crops
Artificial Organic compounds
Plowing
Pest management
Sustainable Forestry
15. Advantages: removes the least amount of unwanted material so less waste - Disadvantages: potential collapse; sinkholes; acid drainage; pollutes groundwater; risk of injury/death from dynamite blasts - natural gas explosions - inhalation of toxic gass
Advantages & Disadvantages of Subsurface mining
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
Undernourishment
Open pit mine
16. Makes money - remove resources from its original location - Firewood - Paper - Lumber - Charocoal - Gem - Hunting - Medicine
Biological control (alternative to pesticides)
What we can do to make forestry more sustainable
Economic services
Current Population/ 2100 projects of world population
17. Educational - Maintain biodiversity - Aesthetics - Oxygen - Improve quality of life - Co2 to O2 - Shade - Habitat/ biodiversity - Erosion - Clean water - Soil enrichment
Ore
Ecological services
Food security
Types of forestry
18. -boosts yields by intensifying irrigation and introducing synthetic fertilizers - while the advent of chemical pesticides reduce competition from weeds and herbivory by crop pests - Industrial agriculture works best under the condition of monoculture
What we can do to make forestry more sustainable
Food Aid
Industrial Agriculture/ Factory Farming
Biological control (alternative to pesticides)
19. Recycle batteries - Send large amounts of metal to scrap yards/businesses instead of to landfills (ex. cars - fridges - dishwashers - etc.) - Recycle old electronics like phones and computers to prevent more mining of minerals like tantalum that are
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
Fertilizers
Things people can do to avoid depleting minerals
Types of forestry
20. Foods derived from genetically modified organisms. Genetically modified organisms have had specific changes introduced into their DNA by genetic engineering techniques. include selective breeding; plant breeding. Typically - genetically modified food
Minerals
Maximum Sustainable Yield
Coal
Genetically Modified foods
21. Mining method- mountain's forests are clear-cut and the timber is sold - topsoild is removed - and then the rock is blasted away to expose the coal for extraction. Overburden is placed back on the mountaintop. Primarily for coal in the Appalachian Mo
Minerals
Agricultural revolution and technology
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
Mountain-Top Removal
22. Cutting the trees down - burning them. Nutrients from the ash go to soil. You have a farmland for ranching cattle or farming soybeans.
Sustainable Forestry
Slash and Burn
How corn yield has changed in the United States since the 1920s
Naturally occurring pesticides
23. Technology that has vastly increased the amount of food production since the agricultural revolution; currently 1 farmer for every 129 eaters
Undernourishment
Mechanization/tractors/combines
Genetically modified food
Economic services
24. (Insecticides - Herbicides/ Fungicides) - Artificial chemicals used to kill pests/ insects/plants/fungi
Strip cutting
Pesticides
Industrial Agriculture/ Factory Farming
Manmade nitrogen fertilizers
25. Malachite contains sulfides which become strongly acidic when mixed with water and thus pollutes water
Slag
Community supported agriculture (CSA)
Food Aid
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
26. A severe shortage of food (as through crop failure) resulting in violent hunger and starvation and death
Effect of Monsanto on soybean farming since 1994
Famine
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
27. Made by mixing the remains or wastes of organisms including animal manure (essential) - crop residues - fresh vegetation - and compost
Minerals
Slag
Strip Cutting
Manmade nitrogen ertilizers
28. There is now more nitrate in the soil and water than ever - sometimes at unsafe levels - Corn harvests have improved
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
Fertilizers
Effect of man made fertilizer on the amount of nitrate in the soil and water from 100 years ago
Plowing
29. Soy beans have been genetically modified for better traits. 'Round up Ready' soy beans have made it so that weed killer 'round up' can be sprayed around the plants and kill all the weeds but not the soy bean plants. 'round up ready soy beans' were cr
Manure/compost
Ecological services
Effect of Monsanto on soybean farming since 1994
Protein (usually)
30. Uses the idea that 'the enemy of one's enemy is one's friend' - Battles pests and weeds with organisms that eat or infect them - Can be extremely effective and inexpensive
Undernourishment/Marasmus
Current Population/ 2100 projects of world population
Selective cutting
Biological control (alternative to pesticides)
31. Systematically tests different approaches and aims to improve methods and find ideal over time - Advantages: can be highly effective; works with each specific environment; can protect species; can provide minimum impact - Disadvantages: difficult to
Biological Control
Manmade nitrogen fertilizers
Community garden
Adaptive Management
32. Controversial logging practice where all trees in an area are uniformly cut down - used by foresters to create certain types of forest ecosystems and to promote select species that requires an abudnace of sunlight or grow in large - even--age stands
Clear-cutting
Ecosystem-based Management
Current Population/ 2100 projects of world population
Risks of Bt Corn
33. Harvesting only mature trees of certain species and size; usually more expensive then clear-cutting but it is less disruptive for wildlife and often better for forest regeneration
Strip Cutting
Nitrate
Malnourishment/Kwashiorkor
Selective Cutting
34. Mix the malachite with water and 6M sulfuric acid and heat the mixture - creating a transformation reaction where the only left over matter is the sand - which is then strained out. Iron fillings are then added to the solution - a substitution react
To purify copper from malachite
What we can do to make forestry more sustainable
Food Aid
Strip Cutting
35. When sulfide minerals in newly exposed rock surfaces react with oxygen and rainwater to produce sulfuric acid - causing runoff as it leaches metals from the rocks
Acid mine drainage
Minerals
Strip Cutting
How corn yield has changed in the United States since the 1920s
36. Strip mining - open pit mining - mountain top removal
Ecological services
Slash and Burn
Types of surface mining
To purify copper from malachite
37. Worthless material that surrounds a wanted mineral in an ore deposit.
Community garden
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
Tailings/ Gangue
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
38. Locally-based socio-economic model of agriculture and food distribution. also refers to a particular network or association of individuals who have pledged to support one or more local farms - with growers and consumers sharing the risks and benefits
Genetically Modified foods
Types of forestry
Subsurface mining
Community supported agriculture (CSA)
39. The FSC (Forest Stewardship Council) examine the practices of firms and rate them against criteria for sustainability - Grant sustainable forest certification to forests - companies - and products produced using methods they consider sustainable.
Slash and Burn
Sustainable Forestry
Clear-cutting
Adaptive Management
40. Cheap - But - removes all overburden (trees - soil - rocks - etc.); obliterates natural communities b/c everything has been removed; leads to erosion; causes sulfuric acid run-off;
Advantages & Disadvantages of surface mining
Strip cutting
Open pit mine
Tailings/ Gangue
41. One farmer=100 eaters.
Advantages & Disadvantages of surface mining
Effect of man made fertilizer on the amount of nitrate in the soil and water from 100 years ago
Lesson from Food Inc
Overburden
42. A variation of clear-cutting in which a strip of trees is clear-cut along the contour of the land - with the corridor narrow enough to allow natural regeneration within a few years. After regeneration - another strip is cut above the first - and so o
Strip cutting
Advantages & Disadvantages of surface mining
What we can do to make forestry more sustainable
Manmade nitrogen fertilizers
43. Organic macromolecules hardest to provide during a famine
Manmade nitrogen fertilizers
Protein (usually)
Acid mine drainage
Monoculture
44. Choosing valuable trees only - lots of reseeding - transportation is hard.
Selective cutting
Clear cutting
Ecological services
Monoculture
45. A fossil fuel composed of organic matter that was compressed under very high pressure to form a dense - solid carbon structure.
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
Manmade nitrogen fertilizers
Coal
Pest management
46. More expensive then clear cutting - leaves rows of trees for reseeding/ future harvesting.
Acid mine drainage
Famine
Food Aid
Strip Cutting
47. A single piece of land gardened collectively by a group of people.
Smelting
Community garden
What we can do to make forestry more sustainable
To purify copper from malachite
48. Genetically engineered using recombinant DNA
Economic services
Genetically modified food
Types of surface mining
Mechanization/tractors/combines
49. Technology was not able to profitably remove the copper from the malachite
Monoculture
Subsurface mining
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
Why malachite was originally left behind as tailing from copper mines
50. Fertilizers - promote plant growth by providing essential nutrients like nitrogen or phosphorus; increases crop yield - Combines/Machinery - allows farmers to work much faster and more efficiently; increases crop yield - Pesticides - kill insects - p
Agricultural revolution and technology
Food security
Ore
Tailings/ Gangue