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DSST Environmental Science: Land Use

Subjects : dsst, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. In the last 100 years - humans have doubled the amount of organic nitrogen in the biosphere by artificial synthesis of ammonia.






2. More expensive then clear cutting - leaves rows of trees for reseeding/ future harvesting.






3. Made by mixing the remains or wastes of organisms including animal manure (essential) - crop residues - fresh vegetation - and compost






4. Controversial logging practice where all trees in an area are uniformly cut down - used by foresters to create certain types of forest ecosystems and to promote select species that requires an abudnace of sunlight or grow in large - even--age stands






5. Can hurt other species - methods used to control other species can become invasive species themselves - Ex. Australia released a virus to kill the excessive rabbits; Australians brought in cane toads to kill beetles on their sugar cane - BUT the toa






6. Advantages: removes the least amount of unwanted material so less waste - Disadvantages: potential collapse; sinkholes; acid drainage; pollutes groundwater; risk of injury/death from dynamite blasts - natural gas explosions - inhalation of toxic gass






7. Malachite contains sulfides which become strongly acidic when mixed with water and thus pollutes water






8. Having not enough of something






9. Not enough of some vitamin/mineral/essential thing in food






10. Combination of different pest management techniques combined in a specific way best for the place they are being used.






11. Choosing valuable trees only - lots of reseeding - transportation is hard.






12. By far the best method for managing pests - Uses chemical pesticides - biocontrol - AND diversity - Not monoculture; things are planted in a mosaic so that if pests attack all of the corn in one area there is still more corn somewhere else - Proven t






13. About one million people on Earth 10 -000 years ago. (The Agricultural revolution). Worlds population crossed into 7 billion now - It is unlikely that we will double the 7 billion. We will hit 9 to 11 billion people.






14. Natural fertilizers from decomposing solid organic matter; have lots of nitrogen






15. A fossil fuel composed of organic matter that was compressed under very high pressure to form a dense - solid carbon structure.






16. Solid waste from smelts






17. Educational - Maintain biodiversity - Aesthetics - Oxygen - Improve quality of life - Co2 to O2 - Shade - Habitat/ biodiversity - Erosion - Clean water - Soil enrichment






18. Mix the malachite with water and 6M sulfuric acid and heat the mixture - creating a transformation reaction where the only left over matter is the sand - which is then strained out. Iron fillings are then added to the solution - a substitution react






19. Goal to guarantee an adequate - safe - nutritious - and reliable food supply available to all people at all times






20. When sulfide minerals in newly exposed rock surfaces react with oxygen and rainwater to produce sulfuric acid - causing runoff as it leaches metals from the rocks






21. way to enhance nutrient-limited soils - Inorganic fertilizers- mined or synthetically manufactured mineral supplements - Organic fertilizers consist of the remains or wastes of organisms that include animal mancure - organic fertilizers can improve






22. 1990 Clean Air Act amendments encouraged clean-burning low-sulfur coal led to more mining in Appalachia -dumping ton of debris sinto valley degrades and destroys areas of habitat -social and health impacts. loose rock tumbles down into homes - overl






23. Now makes up 80% of corn in the US - Benefits: Contains naturally occurring pesticide - Increases production - could feed more people - Grow more per square area - Doesn't spoil as quickly - Bigger - tastier






24. -boosts yields by intensifying irrigation and introducing synthetic fertilizers - while the advent of chemical pesticides reduce competition from weeds and herbivory by crop pests - Industrial agriculture works best under the condition of monoculture






25. Foods derived from genetically modified organisms. Genetically modified organisms have had specific changes introduced into their DNA by genetic engineering techniques. include selective breeding; plant breeding. Typically - genetically modified food






26. Cut trees shortly after they go through their fastest stage of growth (which is during their intermediate age) - Advantages: maximizes timber production over time - Disadvantages: trees get cut before they mature; alters forest ecology; eliminates ha






27. Organic macromolecules hardest to provide during a famine






28. - the turning and loosening of soil for the planting of crops






29. The FSC (Forest Stewardship Council) examine the practices of firms and rate them against criteria for sustainability - Grant sustainable forest certification to forests - companies - and products produced using methods they consider sustainable.






30. To reclaim is to make things level - and to get something growing and prevent erosion - If the U.S were to try to reclaim - it would cost tax payers about 2 trillion dollars.






31. Cheapest - easiest transportation removal of lumber - Most environmentally harmful - takes all trees - leaves nothing






32. Do not naturally occur in the environment - but are synthesized by man. Since all these compounds have carbon and hydrogen atoms as the basis of their molecule (as do living plants and animals) - they are referred to as organic compounds to form pest






33. The use of heavy machinery to remove huge amounts of earth to expose COAL or MINERALS - which are mined out directly.






34. Shafts are excavated deep into the ground - and networks of tunnels are dug or blasted out to follow deposits of the mineral. requires removal of the overburden - Used for metals ( zinc - lead - nickel - tin - gold - copper) and coal - Most dangerous






35. Locally-based socio-economic model of agriculture and food distribution. also refers to a particular network or association of individuals who have pledged to support one or more local farms - with growers and consumers sharing the risks and benefits






36. One farmer=100 eaters.






37. Strip mining - open pit mining - mountain top removal






38. Mining method- mountain's forests are clear-cut and the timber is sold - topsoild is removed - and then the rock is blasted away to expose the coal for extraction. Overburden is placed back on the mountaintop. Primarily for coal in the Appalachian Mo






39. Cheap - But - removes all overburden (trees - soil - rocks - etc.); obliterates natural communities b/c everything has been removed; leads to erosion; causes sulfuric acid run-off;






40. Fertilizers - promote plant growth by providing essential nutrients like nitrogen or phosphorus; increases crop yield - Combines/Machinery - allows farmers to work much faster and more efficiently; increases crop yield - Pesticides - kill insects - p






41. Maximum Sustainable Yield - Ecosystem-based Management - Adaptive Management






42. There is now more nitrate in the soil and water than ever - sometimes at unsafe levels - Corn harvests have improved






43. (Insecticides - Herbicides/ Fungicides) - Artificial chemicals used to kill pests/ insects/plants/fungi






44. Soy beans have been genetically modified for better traits. 'Round up Ready' soy beans have made it so that weed killer 'round up' can be sprayed around the plants and kill all the weeds but not the soy bean plants. 'round up ready soy beans' were cr






45. Completely missing something






46. The surface soil that must be moved away to get at coal seams and mineral deposits






47. Bio-control can be extremely cost effect - Bio-control can harm other animals - The cane toads control cane beetle in Carribean






48. Genetically engineered using recombinant DNA






49. Food assistance given to an area. Can take away the incentive to produce food in that area. Distribution is an issue.






50. Heating ore beyond its melting point and combining it with other metals or chemicals ( process of separating).