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DSST Environmental Science: Land Use

Subjects : dsst, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. - the turning and loosening of soil for the planting of crops






2. A variation of clear-cutting in which a strip of trees is clear-cut along the contour of the land - with the corridor narrow enough to allow natural regeneration within a few years. After regeneration - another strip is cut above the first - and so o






3. Nicotine - Alcohol - Cocaine - if it can kill you - it can kill other living things.






4. About one million people on Earth 10 -000 years ago. (The Agricultural revolution). Worlds population crossed into 7 billion now - It is unlikely that we will double the 7 billion. We will hit 9 to 11 billion people.






5. way to enhance nutrient-limited soils - Inorganic fertilizers- mined or synthetically manufactured mineral supplements - Organic fertilizers consist of the remains or wastes of organisms that include animal mancure - organic fertilizers can improve






6. Cutting the trees down - burning them. Nutrients from the ash go to soil. You have a farmland for ranching cattle or farming soybeans.






7. In the last 100 years - humans have doubled the amount of organic nitrogen in the biosphere by artificial synthesis of ammonia.






8. A fossil fuel composed of organic matter that was compressed under very high pressure to form a dense - solid carbon structure.






9. Controversial logging practice where all trees in an area are uniformly cut down - used by foresters to create certain types of forest ecosystems and to promote select species that requires an abudnace of sunlight or grow in large - even--age stands






10. Genetically engineered using recombinant DNA






11. Technology that has vastly increased the amount of food production since the agricultural revolution; currently 1 farmer for every 129 eaters






12. A single piece of land gardened collectively by a group of people.






13. Locally-based socio-economic model of agriculture and food distribution. also refers to a particular network or association of individuals who have pledged to support one or more local farms - with growers and consumers sharing the risks and benefits






14. Now makes up 80% of corn in the US - Benefits: Contains naturally occurring pesticide - Increases production - could feed more people - Grow more per square area - Doesn't spoil as quickly - Bigger - tastier






15. Shafts are excavated deep into the ground - and networks of tunnels are dug or blasted out to follow deposits of the mineral. requires removal of the overburden - Used for metals ( zinc - lead - nickel - tin - gold - copper) and coal - Most dangerous






16. A mineral or grouping of minerals from which we extract metals - most metals are found in ore - Copper - iron - lead gold - and aluminum - Used in electronic components of computers - cell phones - DVD players.






17. Can hurt other species - methods used to control other species can become invasive species themselves - Ex. Australia released a virus to kill the excessive rabbits; Australians brought in cane toads to kill beetles on their sugar cane - BUT the toa






18. Combination of different pest management techniques combined in a specific way best for the place they are being used.






19. Cut trees shortly after they go through their fastest stage of growth (which is during their intermediate age) - Advantages: maximizes timber production over time - Disadvantages: trees get cut before they mature; alters forest ecology; eliminates ha






20. The use of heavy machinery to remove huge amounts of earth to expose COAL or MINERALS - which are mined out directly.






21. Organic macromolecules hardest to provide during a famine






22. The uniform planting of a single crop






23. Having not enough of something






24. 1990 Clean Air Act amendments encouraged clean-burning low-sulfur coal led to more mining in Appalachia -dumping ton of debris sinto valley degrades and destroys areas of habitat -social and health impacts. loose rock tumbles down into homes - overl






25. Uses the idea that 'the enemy of one's enemy is one's friend' - Battles pests and weeds with organisms that eat or infect them - Can be extremely effective and inexpensive






26. Strip mining - open pit mining - mountain top removal






27. By far the best method for managing pests - Uses chemical pesticides - biocontrol - AND diversity - Not monoculture; things are planted in a mosaic so that if pests attack all of the corn in one area there is still more corn somewhere else - Proven t






28. Bio-control can be extremely cost effect - Bio-control can harm other animals - The cane toads control cane beetle in Carribean






29. Clear cutting - Strip cutting - selective cutting






30. The FSC (Forest Stewardship Council) examine the practices of firms and rate them against criteria for sustainability - Grant sustainable forest certification to forests - companies - and products produced using methods they consider sustainable.






31. Malachite contains sulfides which become strongly acidic when mixed with water and thus pollutes water






32. Long term information is unknown - Can take over surrounding ecosystem - Pest-killing toxin also kills insects that should not and are not meant to be killed such as monarch butterflies - Pollen can be carried to nearby plants by wind thus making th






33. To reclaim is to make things level - and to get something growing and prevent erosion - If the U.S were to try to reclaim - it would cost tax payers about 2 trillion dollars.






34. A mining technique that involves digging a gigantic hole and removing the desire ORE - along with waste rock that surrounds the ore.






35. Completely missing something






36. Worthless material that surrounds a wanted mineral in an ore deposit.






37. Mining method- mining underground coal deposits - in which shafts are dug deeply into the ground and networks of tunnels are dug to follow coal seams.






38. Not enough of some vitamin/mineral/essential thing in food






39. Mining method- mountain's forests are clear-cut and the timber is sold - topsoild is removed - and then the rock is blasted away to expose the coal for extraction. Overburden is placed back on the mountaintop. Primarily for coal in the Appalachian Mo






40. -boosts yields by intensifying irrigation and introducing synthetic fertilizers - while the advent of chemical pesticides reduce competition from weeds and herbivory by crop pests - Industrial agriculture works best under the condition of monoculture






41. Systematically tests different approaches and aims to improve methods and find ideal over time - Advantages: can be highly effective; works with each specific environment; can protect species; can provide minimum impact - Disadvantages: difficult to






42. Do not naturally occur in the environment - but are synthesized by man. Since all these compounds have carbon and hydrogen atoms as the basis of their molecule (as do living plants and animals) - they are referred to as organic compounds to form pest






43. More expensive then clear cutting - leaves rows of trees for reseeding/ future harvesting.






44. Manages resource harvesting so as to minimize impact on ecosystem and ecological processes that provide the resource - Advantages: can protect certain areas; can restore habitats; considers surroundings; allows timber harvesting while preserving inte






45. Completely missing something acquired from food; usually protein or vitamin C






46. Made by mixing the remains or wastes of organisms including animal manure (essential) - crop residues - fresh vegetation - and compost






47. Harvesting only mature trees of certain species and size; usually more expensive then clear-cutting but it is less disruptive for wildlife and often better for forest regeneration






48. Heating ore beyond its melting point and combining it with other metals or chemicals ( process of separating).






49. Soy beans have been genetically modified for better traits. 'Round up Ready' soy beans have made it so that weed killer 'round up' can be sprayed around the plants and kill all the weeds but not the soy bean plants. 'round up ready soy beans' were cr






50. A severe shortage of food (as through crop failure) resulting in violent hunger and starvation and death