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Test your basic knowledge |
DSST Environmental Science: Land Use
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
dsst
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Maximum Sustainable Yield - Ecosystem-based Management - Adaptive Management
How corn yield has changed in the United States since the 1920s
Types of surface mining
What we can do to make forestry more sustainable
To purify copper from malachite
2. Genetically engineered using recombinant DNA
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
Smelting
Genetically modified food
What we can do to make forestry more sustainable
3. The uniform planting of a single crop
Impact of Mountain-Top Removal
Effect of Monsanto on soybean farming since 1994
Monoculture
Genetically modified food
4. In the last 100 years - humans have doubled the amount of organic nitrogen in the biosphere by artificial synthesis of ammonia.
What we can do to make forestry more sustainable
Naturally occurring pesticides
Maximum Sustainable Yield
Manmade nitrogen fertilizers
5. Educational - Maintain biodiversity - Aesthetics - Oxygen - Improve quality of life - Co2 to O2 - Shade - Habitat/ biodiversity - Erosion - Clean water - Soil enrichment
Mechanization/tractors/combines
Minerals
Community supported agriculture (CSA)
Ecological services
6. A severe shortage of food (as through crop failure) resulting in violent hunger and starvation and death
Economic services
Strip cutting
How corn yield has changed in the United States since the 1920s
Famine
7. The FSC (Forest Stewardship Council) examine the practices of firms and rate them against criteria for sustainability - Grant sustainable forest certification to forests - companies - and products produced using methods they consider sustainable.
Minerals
Why malachite was originally left behind as tailing from copper mines
Malnourishment/Kwashiorkor
Sustainable Forestry
8. Do not naturally occur in the environment - but are synthesized by man. Since all these compounds have carbon and hydrogen atoms as the basis of their molecule (as do living plants and animals) - they are referred to as organic compounds to form pest
Strip Cutting
Artificial Organic compounds
Community garden
How corn yield has changed in the United States since the 1920s
9. Having not enough of something
Clear cutting
Undernourishment
Artificial Organic compounds
To purify copper from malachite
10. Natural fertilizers from decomposing solid organic matter; have lots of nitrogen
Slag
Current Population/ 2100 projects of world population
Manure/compost
Types of surface mining
11. The use of heavy machinery to remove huge amounts of earth to expose COAL or MINERALS - which are mined out directly.
Strip mine
How corn yield has changed in the United States since the 1920s
Biological Control
Open pit mine
12. Technology that has vastly increased the amount of food production since the agricultural revolution; currently 1 farmer for every 129 eaters
Pest management
Current Population/ 2100 projects of world population
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
Mechanization/tractors/combines
13. A mineral or grouping of minerals from which we extract metals - most metals are found in ore - Copper - iron - lead gold - and aluminum - Used in electronic components of computers - cell phones - DVD players.
Manmade nitrogen ertilizers
Ecological services
Food security
Ore
14. Mining method- mountain's forests are clear-cut and the timber is sold - topsoild is removed - and then the rock is blasted away to expose the coal for extraction. Overburden is placed back on the mountaintop. Primarily for coal in the Appalachian Mo
Bt Corn
Malnourishment/Kwashiorkor
Mountain-Top Removal
Surface mining
15. Cut trees shortly after they go through their fastest stage of growth (which is during their intermediate age) - Advantages: maximizes timber production over time - Disadvantages: trees get cut before they mature; alters forest ecology; eliminates ha
Strip Cutting
Malnourishment/Kwashiorkor
Plowing
Maximum Sustainable Yield
16. When sulfide minerals in newly exposed rock surfaces react with oxygen and rainwater to produce sulfuric acid - causing runoff as it leaches metals from the rocks
Community garden
Acid mine drainage
Biological control (alternative to pesticides)
Protein (usually)
17. Cheap - But - removes all overburden (trees - soil - rocks - etc.); obliterates natural communities b/c everything has been removed; leads to erosion; causes sulfuric acid run-off;
How corn yield has changed in the United States since the 1920s
Clear cutting
Advantages & Disadvantages of surface mining
Undernourishment
18. Completely missing something
Malnourishment
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
Undernourishment
Overburden
19. Nicotine - Alcohol - Cocaine - if it can kill you - it can kill other living things.
Strip cutting
Naturally occurring pesticides
Sustainable Forestry
Community supported agriculture (CSA)
20. Choosing valuable trees only - lots of reseeding - transportation is hard.
Pesticides
Adaptive Management
Impact of Mountain-Top Removal
Selective cutting
21. Combination of different pest management techniques combined in a specific way best for the place they are being used.
Risks of Bt Corn
Manmade nitrogen ertilizers
Famine
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
22. Mining method- mining underground coal deposits - in which shafts are dug deeply into the ground and networks of tunnels are dug to follow coal seams.
Why malachite was originally left behind as tailing from copper mines
Biological control (alternative to pesticides)
Things people can do to avoid depleting minerals
Subsurface mining
23. Locally-based socio-economic model of agriculture and food distribution. also refers to a particular network or association of individuals who have pledged to support one or more local farms - with growers and consumers sharing the risks and benefits
Plowing
Protein (usually)
Community supported agriculture (CSA)
Types of forestry
24. 1990 Clean Air Act amendments encouraged clean-burning low-sulfur coal led to more mining in Appalachia -dumping ton of debris sinto valley degrades and destroys areas of habitat -social and health impacts. loose rock tumbles down into homes - overl
Impact of Mountain-Top Removal
Sustainable Forestry
Current Population/ 2100 projects of world population
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
25. Cutting the trees down - burning them. Nutrients from the ash go to soil. You have a farmland for ranching cattle or farming soybeans.
Types of forestry
Clear-cutting
Slash and Burn
Ore
26. Bio-control can be extremely cost effect - Bio-control can harm other animals - The cane toads control cane beetle in Carribean
Current Population/ 2100 projects of world population
What we can do to make forestry more sustainable
Biological Control
Types of surface mining
27. To reclaim is to make things level - and to get something growing and prevent erosion - If the U.S were to try to reclaim - it would cost tax payers about 2 trillion dollars.
Artificial Organic compounds
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
Genetically modified food
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
28. Now makes up 80% of corn in the US - Benefits: Contains naturally occurring pesticide - Increases production - could feed more people - Grow more per square area - Doesn't spoil as quickly - Bigger - tastier
Manmade nitrogen fertilizers
Bt Corn
Manmade nitrogen ertilizers
Biological control (alternative to pesticides)
29. -boosts yields by intensifying irrigation and introducing synthetic fertilizers - while the advent of chemical pesticides reduce competition from weeds and herbivory by crop pests - Industrial agriculture works best under the condition of monoculture
Industrial Agriculture/ Factory Farming
Biological Control
Overburden
Biological control (alternative to pesticides)
30. Food assistance given to an area. Can take away the incentive to produce food in that area. Distribution is an issue.
Food Aid
Minerals
Open pit mine
Advantages & Disadvantages of Subsurface mining
31. Heating ore beyond its melting point and combining it with other metals or chemicals ( process of separating).
Smelting
Pesticides
Famine
Why malachite was originally left behind as tailing from copper mines
32. Completely missing something acquired from food; usually protein or vitamin C
Subsurface mining
Lesson from Food Inc
Malnourishment/Kwashiorkor
Slash and Burn
33. A mining technique that involves digging a gigantic hole and removing the desire ORE - along with waste rock that surrounds the ore.
Food Aid
Open pit mine
Biological Control
Effect of man made fertilizer on the amount of nitrate in the soil and water from 100 years ago
34. A variation of clear-cutting in which a strip of trees is clear-cut along the contour of the land - with the corridor narrow enough to allow natural regeneration within a few years. After regeneration - another strip is cut above the first - and so o
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
Plowing
Biological Control
Strip cutting
35. Strip mining - open pit mining - mountain top removal
Minerals
Pest management
Genetically modified food
Types of surface mining
36. More expensive then clear cutting - leaves rows of trees for reseeding/ future harvesting.
Acid mine drainage
Strip Cutting
Undernourishment/Marasmus
Types of forestry
37. way to enhance nutrient-limited soils - Inorganic fertilizers- mined or synthetically manufactured mineral supplements - Organic fertilizers consist of the remains or wastes of organisms that include animal mancure - organic fertilizers can improve
How corn yield has changed in the United States since the 1920s
Subsurface mining
Mechanization/tractors/combines
Fertilizers
38. Malachite contains sulfides which become strongly acidic when mixed with water and thus pollutes water
Monoculture
Biological Control
Malnourishment
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
39. Controversial logging practice where all trees in an area are uniformly cut down - used by foresters to create certain types of forest ecosystems and to promote select species that requires an abudnace of sunlight or grow in large - even--age stands
Clear-cutting
Nitrate
Smelting
Naturally occurring pesticides
40. Technology was not able to profitably remove the copper from the malachite
Undernourishment
Famine
Why malachite was originally left behind as tailing from copper mines
Plowing
41. Foods derived from genetically modified organisms. Genetically modified organisms have had specific changes introduced into their DNA by genetic engineering techniques. include selective breeding; plant breeding. Typically - genetically modified food
Genetically Modified foods
Malnourishment
Dangers of Biological control
Sustainable Forestry
42. Can hurt other species - methods used to control other species can become invasive species themselves - Ex. Australia released a virus to kill the excessive rabbits; Australians brought in cane toads to kill beetles on their sugar cane - BUT the toa
Dangers of Biological control
Strip Cutting
Clear cutting
Pesticides
43. A naturally occurring solid element or inorganic compound with a crystal structure - a specific chemical composition - and distinct physical properties.
Strip mine
How corn yield has changed in the United States since the 1920s
Biological Control
Minerals
44. About one million people on Earth 10 -000 years ago. (The Agricultural revolution). Worlds population crossed into 7 billion now - It is unlikely that we will double the 7 billion. We will hit 9 to 11 billion people.
Advantages & Disadvantages of Subsurface mining
Current Population/ 2100 projects of world population
Community garden
Types of forestry
45. Mix the malachite with water and 6M sulfuric acid and heat the mixture - creating a transformation reaction where the only left over matter is the sand - which is then strained out. Iron fillings are then added to the solution - a substitution react
Adaptive Management
How corn yield has changed in the United States since the 1920s
Genetically modified food
To purify copper from malachite
46. Clear cutting - Strip cutting - selective cutting
Types of forestry
Open pit mine
Genetically Modified foods
Ecosystem-based Management
47. - the turning and loosening of soil for the planting of crops
Plowing
Dangers of Biological control
Subsurface mining
Pesticides
48. Advantages: removes the least amount of unwanted material so less waste - Disadvantages: potential collapse; sinkholes; acid drainage; pollutes groundwater; risk of injury/death from dynamite blasts - natural gas explosions - inhalation of toxic gass
Naturally occurring pesticides
Advantages & Disadvantages of Subsurface mining
Clear-cutting
Why malachite was originally left behind as tailing from copper mines
49. Cheapest - easiest transportation removal of lumber - Most environmentally harmful - takes all trees - leaves nothing
Current Population/ 2100 projects of world population
Clear cutting
Slag
Mountain-Top Removal
50. Corn yield has increased dramatically in the US since the 1920s because it was in the 1920s that GM corn started to be developed
Maximum Sustainable Yield
Ecological services
Selective cutting
How corn yield has changed in the United States since the 1920s