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Test your basic knowledge |
DSST Environmental Science: Land Use
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Subjects
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dsst
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Goal to guarantee an adequate - safe - nutritious - and reliable food supply available to all people at all times
Nitrate
Overburden
Maximum Sustainable Yield
Food security
2. In the last 100 years - humans have doubled the amount of organic nitrogen in the biosphere by artificial synthesis of ammonia.
Mountain-Top Removal
Manmade nitrogen fertilizers
Smelting
Mechanization/tractors/combines
3. way to enhance nutrient-limited soils - Inorganic fertilizers- mined or synthetically manufactured mineral supplements - Organic fertilizers consist of the remains or wastes of organisms that include animal mancure - organic fertilizers can improve
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
Economic services
Fertilizers
Agricultural revolution and technology
4. Foods derived from genetically modified organisms. Genetically modified organisms have had specific changes introduced into their DNA by genetic engineering techniques. include selective breeding; plant breeding. Typically - genetically modified food
Genetically Modified foods
Advantages & Disadvantages of surface mining
Nitrate
Selective cutting
5. -boosts yields by intensifying irrigation and introducing synthetic fertilizers - while the advent of chemical pesticides reduce competition from weeds and herbivory by crop pests - Industrial agriculture works best under the condition of monoculture
To purify copper from malachite
Bt Corn
Industrial Agriculture/ Factory Farming
Current Population/ 2100 projects of world population
6. 1990 Clean Air Act amendments encouraged clean-burning low-sulfur coal led to more mining in Appalachia -dumping ton of debris sinto valley degrades and destroys areas of habitat -social and health impacts. loose rock tumbles down into homes - overl
Fertilizers
Impact of Mountain-Top Removal
Clear cutting
Selective Cutting
7. Made by mixing the remains or wastes of organisms including animal manure (essential) - crop residues - fresh vegetation - and compost
Manmade nitrogen ertilizers
Types of surface mining
Clear-cutting
Lesson from Food Inc
8. When sulfide minerals in newly exposed rock surfaces react with oxygen and rainwater to produce sulfuric acid - causing runoff as it leaches metals from the rocks
Surface mining
Acid mine drainage
Genetically Modified foods
To purify copper from malachite
9. Locally-based socio-economic model of agriculture and food distribution. also refers to a particular network or association of individuals who have pledged to support one or more local farms - with growers and consumers sharing the risks and benefits
Effect of Monsanto on soybean farming since 1994
Community supported agriculture (CSA)
Subsurface mining
Acid mine drainage
10. Having not enough of something
Biological Control
Community supported agriculture (CSA)
Manmade nitrogen ertilizers
Undernourishment
11. Makes money - remove resources from its original location - Firewood - Paper - Lumber - Charocoal - Gem - Hunting - Medicine
Economic services
Food Aid
Strip mine
Advantages & Disadvantages of surface mining
12. By far the best method for managing pests - Uses chemical pesticides - biocontrol - AND diversity - Not monoculture; things are planted in a mosaic so that if pests attack all of the corn in one area there is still more corn somewhere else - Proven t
Strip Cutting
Artificial Organic compounds
Pest management
Open pit mine
13. Solid waste from smelts
Mechanization/tractors/combines
Coal
Slag
Naturally occurring pesticides
14. Cut trees shortly after they go through their fastest stage of growth (which is during their intermediate age) - Advantages: maximizes timber production over time - Disadvantages: trees get cut before they mature; alters forest ecology; eliminates ha
Maximum Sustainable Yield
Open pit mine
Economic services
Food Aid
15. Educational - Maintain biodiversity - Aesthetics - Oxygen - Improve quality of life - Co2 to O2 - Shade - Habitat/ biodiversity - Erosion - Clean water - Soil enrichment
Monoculture
Bt Corn
Ecological services
Smelting
16. The FSC (Forest Stewardship Council) examine the practices of firms and rate them against criteria for sustainability - Grant sustainable forest certification to forests - companies - and products produced using methods they consider sustainable.
Sustainable Forestry
Minerals
Surface mining
To purify copper from malachite
17. Now makes up 80% of corn in the US - Benefits: Contains naturally occurring pesticide - Increases production - could feed more people - Grow more per square area - Doesn't spoil as quickly - Bigger - tastier
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
Adaptive Management
Undernourishment/Marasmus
Bt Corn
18. Corn yield has increased dramatically in the US since the 1920s because it was in the 1920s that GM corn started to be developed
Undernourishment/Marasmus
Bt Corn
How corn yield has changed in the United States since the 1920s
To purify copper from malachite
19. Uses the idea that 'the enemy of one's enemy is one's friend' - Battles pests and weeds with organisms that eat or infect them - Can be extremely effective and inexpensive
Community garden
Agricultural revolution and technology
Biological control (alternative to pesticides)
Famine
20. A severe shortage of food (as through crop failure) resulting in violent hunger and starvation and death
Types of surface mining
Open pit mine
Agricultural revolution and technology
Famine
21. Mining method- mining underground coal deposits - in which shafts are dug deeply into the ground and networks of tunnels are dug to follow coal seams.
Genetically Modified foods
Manure/compost
Naturally occurring pesticides
Subsurface mining
22. Nicotine - Alcohol - Cocaine - if it can kill you - it can kill other living things.
Strip Cutting
Industrial Agriculture/ Factory Farming
Naturally occurring pesticides
Ore
23. Technology was not able to profitably remove the copper from the malachite
Subsurface mining
Slash and Burn
Open pit mine
Why malachite was originally left behind as tailing from copper mines
24. To reclaim is to make things level - and to get something growing and prevent erosion - If the U.S were to try to reclaim - it would cost tax payers about 2 trillion dollars.
Ore
Slash and Burn
Dangers of Biological control
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
25. Cheap - But - removes all overburden (trees - soil - rocks - etc.); obliterates natural communities b/c everything has been removed; leads to erosion; causes sulfuric acid run-off;
Advantages & Disadvantages of surface mining
How corn yield has changed in the United States since the 1920s
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
Protein (usually)
26. One farmer=100 eaters.
To purify copper from malachite
Agricultural revolution and technology
Mountain-Top Removal
Lesson from Food Inc
27. Maximum Sustainable Yield - Ecosystem-based Management - Adaptive Management
Things people can do to avoid depleting minerals
What we can do to make forestry more sustainable
Slash and Burn
Malnourishment
28. Natural fertilizers from decomposing solid organic matter; have lots of nitrogen
Effect of man made fertilizer on the amount of nitrate in the soil and water from 100 years ago
Manure/compost
Dangers of Biological control
Slash and Burn
29. A mineral or grouping of minerals from which we extract metals - most metals are found in ore - Copper - iron - lead gold - and aluminum - Used in electronic components of computers - cell phones - DVD players.
Clear-cutting
Ore
Lesson from Food Inc
Overburden
30. Worthless material that surrounds a wanted mineral in an ore deposit.
Economic services
Tailings/ Gangue
Community supported agriculture (CSA)
Manmade nitrogen ertilizers
31. Strip mining - open pit mining - mountain top removal
Strip Cutting
Types of surface mining
Mountain-Top Removal
Strip mine
32. Long term information is unknown - Can take over surrounding ecosystem - Pest-killing toxin also kills insects that should not and are not meant to be killed such as monarch butterflies - Pollen can be carried to nearby plants by wind thus making th
Risks of Bt Corn
Ecosystem-based Management
Current Population/ 2100 projects of world population
Advantages & Disadvantages of Subsurface mining
33. Not enough of some vitamin/mineral/essential thing in food
Undernourishment/Marasmus
Undernourishment
Effect of man made fertilizer on the amount of nitrate in the soil and water from 100 years ago
Community garden
34. Food assistance given to an area. Can take away the incentive to produce food in that area. Distribution is an issue.
Food Aid
Community supported agriculture (CSA)
Clear-cutting
Famine
35. A naturally occurring solid element or inorganic compound with a crystal structure - a specific chemical composition - and distinct physical properties.
Malnourishment/Kwashiorkor
Minerals
Clear-cutting
Artificial Organic compounds
36. A variation of clear-cutting in which a strip of trees is clear-cut along the contour of the land - with the corridor narrow enough to allow natural regeneration within a few years. After regeneration - another strip is cut above the first - and so o
Strip cutting
Lesson from Food Inc
Tailings/ Gangue
Mountain-Top Removal
37. The uniform planting of a single crop
Manmade nitrogen fertilizers
Industrial Agriculture/ Factory Farming
Monoculture
Advantages & Disadvantages of Subsurface mining
38. Cutting the trees down - burning them. Nutrients from the ash go to soil. You have a farmland for ranching cattle or farming soybeans.
Slash and Burn
Tailings/ Gangue
Malnourishment/Kwashiorkor
Industrial Agriculture/ Factory Farming
39. - the turning and loosening of soil for the planting of crops
Impact of Mountain-Top Removal
Lesson from Food Inc
Plowing
Overburden
40. Soy beans have been genetically modified for better traits. 'Round up Ready' soy beans have made it so that weed killer 'round up' can be sprayed around the plants and kill all the weeds but not the soy bean plants. 'round up ready soy beans' were cr
Advantages & Disadvantages of surface mining
Effect of Monsanto on soybean farming since 1994
Types of surface mining
Ecosystem-based Management
41. Malachite contains sulfides which become strongly acidic when mixed with water and thus pollutes water
Impact of Mountain-Top Removal
Food security
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
Why malachite was originally left behind as tailing from copper mines
42. Combination of different pest management techniques combined in a specific way best for the place they are being used.
Types of forestry
Overburden
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
Selective Cutting
43. Harvesting only mature trees of certain species and size; usually more expensive then clear-cutting but it is less disruptive for wildlife and often better for forest regeneration
Things people can do to avoid depleting minerals
Selective Cutting
Genetically modified food
Famine
44. A mining technique that involves digging a gigantic hole and removing the desire ORE - along with waste rock that surrounds the ore.
Bt Corn
Selective cutting
Impact of Mountain-Top Removal
Open pit mine
45. Advantages: removes the least amount of unwanted material so less waste - Disadvantages: potential collapse; sinkholes; acid drainage; pollutes groundwater; risk of injury/death from dynamite blasts - natural gas explosions - inhalation of toxic gass
Subsurface mining
Overburden
Advantages & Disadvantages of Subsurface mining
Protein (usually)
46. There is now more nitrate in the soil and water than ever - sometimes at unsafe levels - Corn harvests have improved
Effect of man made fertilizer on the amount of nitrate in the soil and water from 100 years ago
Malnourishment/Kwashiorkor
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
Community supported agriculture (CSA)
47. Bio-control can be extremely cost effect - Bio-control can harm other animals - The cane toads control cane beetle in Carribean
Plowing
Pest management
Biological Control
Minerals
48. Organic macromolecules hardest to provide during a famine
Impact of Mountain-Top Removal
Strip Cutting
Famine
Protein (usually)
49. Genetically engineered using recombinant DNA
Genetically modified food
Effect of Monsanto on soybean farming since 1994
Sustainable Forestry
Lesson from Food Inc
50. Recycle batteries - Send large amounts of metal to scrap yards/businesses instead of to landfills (ex. cars - fridges - dishwashers - etc.) - Recycle old electronics like phones and computers to prevent more mining of minerals like tantalum that are
Selective cutting
Artificial Organic compounds
Open pit mine
Things people can do to avoid depleting minerals