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Test your basic knowledge |
DSST Environmental Science: Land Use
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
dsst
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Cheapest - easiest transportation removal of lumber - Most environmentally harmful - takes all trees - leaves nothing
Mountain-Top Removal
Ecological services
Selective Cutting
Clear cutting
2. Cutting the trees down - burning them. Nutrients from the ash go to soil. You have a farmland for ranching cattle or farming soybeans.
Slash and Burn
Clear cutting
Ore
Plowing
3. The golden molecule for plants because it makes them grow - Leagues have special nitrogen fixing bacteria in their rhizomes (roots) - Three covalent bonds for N2. Stronger the covalent bonds - the harder it is to react. Nitrogen gas is inert.
Nitrate
Surface mining
Biological Control
Famine
4. Combination of different pest management techniques combined in a specific way best for the place they are being used.
Advantages & Disadvantages of surface mining
Selective cutting
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
Protein (usually)
5. A mineral or grouping of minerals from which we extract metals - most metals are found in ore - Copper - iron - lead gold - and aluminum - Used in electronic components of computers - cell phones - DVD players.
Impact of Mountain-Top Removal
Maximum Sustainable Yield
Ore
Slag
6. Do not naturally occur in the environment - but are synthesized by man. Since all these compounds have carbon and hydrogen atoms as the basis of their molecule (as do living plants and animals) - they are referred to as organic compounds to form pest
Fertilizers
Slag
Current Population/ 2100 projects of world population
Artificial Organic compounds
7. Shafts are excavated deep into the ground - and networks of tunnels are dug or blasted out to follow deposits of the mineral. requires removal of the overburden - Used for metals ( zinc - lead - nickel - tin - gold - copper) and coal - Most dangerous
Surface mining
Lesson from Food Inc
Selective cutting
Community supported agriculture (CSA)
8. Cheap - But - removes all overburden (trees - soil - rocks - etc.); obliterates natural communities b/c everything has been removed; leads to erosion; causes sulfuric acid run-off;
Advantages & Disadvantages of surface mining
Industrial Agriculture/ Factory Farming
Biological control (alternative to pesticides)
Subsurface mining
9. Malachite contains sulfides which become strongly acidic when mixed with water and thus pollutes water
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
Slash and Burn
Protein (usually)
Undernourishment
10. Bio-control can be extremely cost effect - Bio-control can harm other animals - The cane toads control cane beetle in Carribean
Strip cutting
Biological Control
Dangers of Biological control
Genetically modified food
11. Goal to guarantee an adequate - safe - nutritious - and reliable food supply available to all people at all times
Selective cutting
Manmade nitrogen fertilizers
Food security
What we can do to make forestry more sustainable
12. Can hurt other species - methods used to control other species can become invasive species themselves - Ex. Australia released a virus to kill the excessive rabbits; Australians brought in cane toads to kill beetles on their sugar cane - BUT the toa
Malnourishment
Protein (usually)
Dangers of Biological control
Economic services
13. By far the best method for managing pests - Uses chemical pesticides - biocontrol - AND diversity - Not monoculture; things are planted in a mosaic so that if pests attack all of the corn in one area there is still more corn somewhere else - Proven t
Food security
Effect of Monsanto on soybean farming since 1994
Pest management
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
14. More expensive then clear cutting - leaves rows of trees for reseeding/ future harvesting.
Maximum Sustainable Yield
Minerals
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
Strip Cutting
15. A variation of clear-cutting in which a strip of trees is clear-cut along the contour of the land - with the corridor narrow enough to allow natural regeneration within a few years. After regeneration - another strip is cut above the first - and so o
Minerals
Selective Cutting
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
Strip cutting
16. A naturally occurring solid element or inorganic compound with a crystal structure - a specific chemical composition - and distinct physical properties.
Strip Cutting
Why malachite was originally left behind as tailing from copper mines
Minerals
Strip mine
17. Uses the idea that 'the enemy of one's enemy is one's friend' - Battles pests and weeds with organisms that eat or infect them - Can be extremely effective and inexpensive
Food Aid
Undernourishment/Marasmus
Biological control (alternative to pesticides)
Famine
18. Nicotine - Alcohol - Cocaine - if it can kill you - it can kill other living things.
Naturally occurring pesticides
Malnourishment/Kwashiorkor
Types of surface mining
Genetically modified food
19. Foods derived from genetically modified organisms. Genetically modified organisms have had specific changes introduced into their DNA by genetic engineering techniques. include selective breeding; plant breeding. Typically - genetically modified food
Genetically modified food
Acid mine drainage
Types of forestry
Genetically Modified foods
20. A severe shortage of food (as through crop failure) resulting in violent hunger and starvation and death
Nitrate
Famine
Ecosystem-based Management
Overburden
21. Soy beans have been genetically modified for better traits. 'Round up Ready' soy beans have made it so that weed killer 'round up' can be sprayed around the plants and kill all the weeds but not the soy bean plants. 'round up ready soy beans' were cr
Effect of Monsanto on soybean farming since 1994
Pesticides
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
Artificial Organic compounds
22. One farmer=100 eaters.
Why malachite was originally left behind as tailing from copper mines
Slash and Burn
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
Lesson from Food Inc
23. Organic macromolecules hardest to provide during a famine
Ecological services
Impact of Mountain-Top Removal
Malnourishment
Protein (usually)
24. Long term information is unknown - Can take over surrounding ecosystem - Pest-killing toxin also kills insects that should not and are not meant to be killed such as monarch butterflies - Pollen can be carried to nearby plants by wind thus making th
Artificial Organic compounds
Lesson from Food Inc
Biological control (alternative to pesticides)
Risks of Bt Corn
25. There is now more nitrate in the soil and water than ever - sometimes at unsafe levels - Corn harvests have improved
Effect of man made fertilizer on the amount of nitrate in the soil and water from 100 years ago
Artificial Organic compounds
Protein (usually)
Agricultural revolution and technology
26. Cut trees shortly after they go through their fastest stage of growth (which is during their intermediate age) - Advantages: maximizes timber production over time - Disadvantages: trees get cut before they mature; alters forest ecology; eliminates ha
Minerals
Nitrate
Maximum Sustainable Yield
Manure/compost
27. When sulfide minerals in newly exposed rock surfaces react with oxygen and rainwater to produce sulfuric acid - causing runoff as it leaches metals from the rocks
Acid mine drainage
Clear-cutting
Sustainable Forestry
Why malachite was originally left behind as tailing from copper mines
28. Educational - Maintain biodiversity - Aesthetics - Oxygen - Improve quality of life - Co2 to O2 - Shade - Habitat/ biodiversity - Erosion - Clean water - Soil enrichment
Undernourishment
Ecological services
Biological Control
What we can do to make forestry more sustainable
29. Heating ore beyond its melting point and combining it with other metals or chemicals ( process of separating).
Undernourishment/Marasmus
Bt Corn
Smelting
Types of surface mining
30. Food assistance given to an area. Can take away the incentive to produce food in that area. Distribution is an issue.
Food Aid
Ore
Things people can do to avoid depleting minerals
Strip cutting
31. Recycle batteries - Send large amounts of metal to scrap yards/businesses instead of to landfills (ex. cars - fridges - dishwashers - etc.) - Recycle old electronics like phones and computers to prevent more mining of minerals like tantalum that are
Things people can do to avoid depleting minerals
Naturally occurring pesticides
Biological control (alternative to pesticides)
Malnourishment
32. About one million people on Earth 10 -000 years ago. (The Agricultural revolution). Worlds population crossed into 7 billion now - It is unlikely that we will double the 7 billion. We will hit 9 to 11 billion people.
Malnourishment
Manmade nitrogen fertilizers
Current Population/ 2100 projects of world population
Ecological services
33. The surface soil that must be moved away to get at coal seams and mineral deposits
Overburden
Ecological services
Types of forestry
Open pit mine
34. Natural fertilizers from decomposing solid organic matter; have lots of nitrogen
Manure/compost
Malnourishment
Clear-cutting
Types of surface mining
35. Having not enough of something
Selective Cutting
Undernourishment
Ecological services
Dangers of Biological control
36. Choosing valuable trees only - lots of reseeding - transportation is hard.
Monoculture
Maximum Sustainable Yield
Selective cutting
Ore
37. Manages resource harvesting so as to minimize impact on ecosystem and ecological processes that provide the resource - Advantages: can protect certain areas; can restore habitats; considers surroundings; allows timber harvesting while preserving inte
Types of surface mining
Manmade nitrogen ertilizers
Ecosystem-based Management
Coal
38. Made by mixing the remains or wastes of organisms including animal manure (essential) - crop residues - fresh vegetation - and compost
Manmade nitrogen ertilizers
Strip mine
Maximum Sustainable Yield
To purify copper from malachite
39. (Insecticides - Herbicides/ Fungicides) - Artificial chemicals used to kill pests/ insects/plants/fungi
Pesticides
Genetically Modified foods
Fertilizers
Strip mine
40. - the turning and loosening of soil for the planting of crops
Manure/compost
Nitrate
Fertilizers
Plowing
41. way to enhance nutrient-limited soils - Inorganic fertilizers- mined or synthetically manufactured mineral supplements - Organic fertilizers consist of the remains or wastes of organisms that include animal mancure - organic fertilizers can improve
Pesticides
Artificial Organic compounds
Fertilizers
Clear cutting
42. Systematically tests different approaches and aims to improve methods and find ideal over time - Advantages: can be highly effective; works with each specific environment; can protect species; can provide minimum impact - Disadvantages: difficult to
Genetically modified food
Effect of man made fertilizer on the amount of nitrate in the soil and water from 100 years ago
Adaptive Management
Manmade nitrogen ertilizers
43. Solid waste from smelts
Slag
Tailings/ Gangue
To purify copper from malachite
Community supported agriculture (CSA)
44. The use of heavy machinery to remove huge amounts of earth to expose COAL or MINERALS - which are mined out directly.
Food security
Tailings/ Gangue
Biological Control
Strip mine
45. The FSC (Forest Stewardship Council) examine the practices of firms and rate them against criteria for sustainability - Grant sustainable forest certification to forests - companies - and products produced using methods they consider sustainable.
Sustainable Forestry
Types of surface mining
Minerals
To purify copper from malachite
46. Harvesting only mature trees of certain species and size; usually more expensive then clear-cutting but it is less disruptive for wildlife and often better for forest regeneration
Why malachite was originally left behind as tailing from copper mines
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
Mountain-Top Removal
Selective Cutting
47. Not enough of some vitamin/mineral/essential thing in food
Undernourishment/Marasmus
Coal
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
Mechanization/tractors/combines
48. Worthless material that surrounds a wanted mineral in an ore deposit.
Adaptive Management
Ecosystem-based Management
Tailings/ Gangue
Protein (usually)
49. Completely missing something
Biological control (alternative to pesticides)
Monoculture
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
Malnourishment
50. The uniform planting of a single crop
Pesticides
How corn yield has changed in the United States since the 1920s
Monoculture
Impact of Mountain-Top Removal