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Test your basic knowledge |
DSST Environmental Science: Land Use
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Study First
Subjects
:
dsst
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Having not enough of something
Undernourishment
Mountain-Top Removal
Pesticides
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
2. A mineral or grouping of minerals from which we extract metals - most metals are found in ore - Copper - iron - lead gold - and aluminum - Used in electronic components of computers - cell phones - DVD players.
Biological Control
Ore
Slag
Genetically Modified foods
3. Made by mixing the remains or wastes of organisms including animal manure (essential) - crop residues - fresh vegetation - and compost
Ecological services
Naturally occurring pesticides
Food Aid
Manmade nitrogen ertilizers
4. The uniform planting of a single crop
Impact of Mountain-Top Removal
Monoculture
Tailings/ Gangue
What we can do to make forestry more sustainable
5. Shafts are excavated deep into the ground - and networks of tunnels are dug or blasted out to follow deposits of the mineral. requires removal of the overburden - Used for metals ( zinc - lead - nickel - tin - gold - copper) and coal - Most dangerous
Surface mining
Manmade nitrogen fertilizers
Minerals
Naturally occurring pesticides
6. Can hurt other species - methods used to control other species can become invasive species themselves - Ex. Australia released a virus to kill the excessive rabbits; Australians brought in cane toads to kill beetles on their sugar cane - BUT the toa
How corn yield has changed in the United States since the 1920s
Ore
Dangers of Biological control
Mountain-Top Removal
7. Food assistance given to an area. Can take away the incentive to produce food in that area. Distribution is an issue.
Bt Corn
Industrial Agriculture/ Factory Farming
Food Aid
Malnourishment/Kwashiorkor
8. More expensive then clear cutting - leaves rows of trees for reseeding/ future harvesting.
How corn yield has changed in the United States since the 1920s
Strip Cutting
Subsurface mining
Industrial Agriculture/ Factory Farming
9. A fossil fuel composed of organic matter that was compressed under very high pressure to form a dense - solid carbon structure.
Malnourishment
Protein (usually)
Things people can do to avoid depleting minerals
Coal
10. Now makes up 80% of corn in the US - Benefits: Contains naturally occurring pesticide - Increases production - could feed more people - Grow more per square area - Doesn't spoil as quickly - Bigger - tastier
Coal
Pest management
Bt Corn
Risks of Bt Corn
11. Heating ore beyond its melting point and combining it with other metals or chemicals ( process of separating).
Pesticides
Biological Control
Smelting
Genetically modified food
12. Organic macromolecules hardest to provide during a famine
Protein (usually)
Maximum Sustainable Yield
Acid mine drainage
Biological Control
13. One farmer=100 eaters.
Overburden
Smelting
Lesson from Food Inc
Ore
14. Mining method- mining underground coal deposits - in which shafts are dug deeply into the ground and networks of tunnels are dug to follow coal seams.
Subsurface mining
Artificial Organic compounds
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
Why malachite was originally left behind as tailing from copper mines
15. Not enough of some vitamin/mineral/essential thing in food
Undernourishment/Marasmus
Tailings/ Gangue
Industrial Agriculture/ Factory Farming
Effect of Monsanto on soybean farming since 1994
16. Foods derived from genetically modified organisms. Genetically modified organisms have had specific changes introduced into their DNA by genetic engineering techniques. include selective breeding; plant breeding. Typically - genetically modified food
Genetically Modified foods
Plowing
Malnourishment/Kwashiorkor
Manure/compost
17. Recycle batteries - Send large amounts of metal to scrap yards/businesses instead of to landfills (ex. cars - fridges - dishwashers - etc.) - Recycle old electronics like phones and computers to prevent more mining of minerals like tantalum that are
Things people can do to avoid depleting minerals
Acid mine drainage
Dangers of Biological control
Undernourishment
18. Strip mining - open pit mining - mountain top removal
Adaptive Management
Types of surface mining
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
Clear cutting
19. Goal to guarantee an adequate - safe - nutritious - and reliable food supply available to all people at all times
Minerals
Naturally occurring pesticides
Food security
Economic services
20. The use of heavy machinery to remove huge amounts of earth to expose COAL or MINERALS - which are mined out directly.
Open pit mine
Clear cutting
Strip mine
Artificial Organic compounds
21. Bio-control can be extremely cost effect - Bio-control can harm other animals - The cane toads control cane beetle in Carribean
Biological Control
Effect of Monsanto on soybean farming since 1994
Adaptive Management
Selective Cutting
22. Natural fertilizers from decomposing solid organic matter; have lots of nitrogen
Manure/compost
Mechanization/tractors/combines
Selective Cutting
Famine
23. Manages resource harvesting so as to minimize impact on ecosystem and ecological processes that provide the resource - Advantages: can protect certain areas; can restore habitats; considers surroundings; allows timber harvesting while preserving inte
What we can do to make forestry more sustainable
Pesticides
Clear-cutting
Ecosystem-based Management
24. The surface soil that must be moved away to get at coal seams and mineral deposits
Advantages & Disadvantages of surface mining
Agricultural revolution and technology
Overburden
Selective cutting
25. To reclaim is to make things level - and to get something growing and prevent erosion - If the U.S were to try to reclaim - it would cost tax payers about 2 trillion dollars.
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
Genetically modified food
Nitrate
Naturally occurring pesticides
26. Makes money - remove resources from its original location - Firewood - Paper - Lumber - Charocoal - Gem - Hunting - Medicine
Mechanization/tractors/combines
Tailings/ Gangue
Economic services
Subsurface mining
27. Cut trees shortly after they go through their fastest stage of growth (which is during their intermediate age) - Advantages: maximizes timber production over time - Disadvantages: trees get cut before they mature; alters forest ecology; eliminates ha
Ecological services
Maximum Sustainable Yield
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
Fertilizers
28. Mix the malachite with water and 6M sulfuric acid and heat the mixture - creating a transformation reaction where the only left over matter is the sand - which is then strained out. Iron fillings are then added to the solution - a substitution react
Industrial Agriculture/ Factory Farming
To purify copper from malachite
What we can do to make forestry more sustainable
Food Aid
29. Educational - Maintain biodiversity - Aesthetics - Oxygen - Improve quality of life - Co2 to O2 - Shade - Habitat/ biodiversity - Erosion - Clean water - Soil enrichment
Strip cutting
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
Sustainable Forestry
Ecological services
30. Uses the idea that 'the enemy of one's enemy is one's friend' - Battles pests and weeds with organisms that eat or infect them - Can be extremely effective and inexpensive
Industrial Agriculture/ Factory Farming
Biological control (alternative to pesticides)
Maximum Sustainable Yield
Sustainable Forestry
31. Malachite contains sulfides which become strongly acidic when mixed with water and thus pollutes water
Dangers of Biological control
Ore
Artificial Organic compounds
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
32. Corn yield has increased dramatically in the US since the 1920s because it was in the 1920s that GM corn started to be developed
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
Surface mining
Selective cutting
How corn yield has changed in the United States since the 1920s
33. Worthless material that surrounds a wanted mineral in an ore deposit.
Tailings/ Gangue
Advantages & Disadvantages of Subsurface mining
Subsurface mining
Acid mine drainage
34. There is now more nitrate in the soil and water than ever - sometimes at unsafe levels - Corn harvests have improved
Slash and Burn
Acid mine drainage
Effect of man made fertilizer on the amount of nitrate in the soil and water from 100 years ago
Surface mining
35. Maximum Sustainable Yield - Ecosystem-based Management - Adaptive Management
What we can do to make forestry more sustainable
Acid mine drainage
Minerals
Impact of Mountain-Top Removal
36. The golden molecule for plants because it makes them grow - Leagues have special nitrogen fixing bacteria in their rhizomes (roots) - Three covalent bonds for N2. Stronger the covalent bonds - the harder it is to react. Nitrogen gas is inert.
Effect of man made fertilizer on the amount of nitrate in the soil and water from 100 years ago
Artificial Organic compounds
Clear cutting
Nitrate
37. By far the best method for managing pests - Uses chemical pesticides - biocontrol - AND diversity - Not monoculture; things are planted in a mosaic so that if pests attack all of the corn in one area there is still more corn somewhere else - Proven t
Selective cutting
Pest management
Acid mine drainage
Adaptive Management
38. Cutting the trees down - burning them. Nutrients from the ash go to soil. You have a farmland for ranching cattle or farming soybeans.
How corn yield has changed in the United States since the 1920s
Slash and Burn
Plowing
Slag
39. Completely missing something
To purify copper from malachite
Community supported agriculture (CSA)
Malnourishment
Adaptive Management
40. Cheap - But - removes all overburden (trees - soil - rocks - etc.); obliterates natural communities b/c everything has been removed; leads to erosion; causes sulfuric acid run-off;
Advantages & Disadvantages of surface mining
Mechanization/tractors/combines
Minerals
Famine
41. Mining method- mountain's forests are clear-cut and the timber is sold - topsoild is removed - and then the rock is blasted away to expose the coal for extraction. Overburden is placed back on the mountaintop. Primarily for coal in the Appalachian Mo
Mountain-Top Removal
Current Population/ 2100 projects of world population
Malnourishment
Monoculture
42. Soy beans have been genetically modified for better traits. 'Round up Ready' soy beans have made it so that weed killer 'round up' can be sprayed around the plants and kill all the weeds but not the soy bean plants. 'round up ready soy beans' were cr
Effect of Monsanto on soybean farming since 1994
Naturally occurring pesticides
Monoculture
Lesson from Food Inc
43. About one million people on Earth 10 -000 years ago. (The Agricultural revolution). Worlds population crossed into 7 billion now - It is unlikely that we will double the 7 billion. We will hit 9 to 11 billion people.
Current Population/ 2100 projects of world population
Advantages & Disadvantages of Subsurface mining
Food security
Genetically Modified foods
44. When sulfide minerals in newly exposed rock surfaces react with oxygen and rainwater to produce sulfuric acid - causing runoff as it leaches metals from the rocks
To purify copper from malachite
Slash and Burn
Impact of Mountain-Top Removal
Acid mine drainage
45. Fertilizers - promote plant growth by providing essential nutrients like nitrogen or phosphorus; increases crop yield - Combines/Machinery - allows farmers to work much faster and more efficiently; increases crop yield - Pesticides - kill insects - p
Effect of man made fertilizer on the amount of nitrate in the soil and water from 100 years ago
How corn yield has changed in the United States since the 1920s
Manmade nitrogen ertilizers
Agricultural revolution and technology
46. Harvesting only mature trees of certain species and size; usually more expensive then clear-cutting but it is less disruptive for wildlife and often better for forest regeneration
Manmade nitrogen fertilizers
Slash and Burn
Selective Cutting
Open pit mine
47. Systematically tests different approaches and aims to improve methods and find ideal over time - Advantages: can be highly effective; works with each specific environment; can protect species; can provide minimum impact - Disadvantages: difficult to
Open pit mine
Economic services
Monoculture
Adaptive Management
48. A single piece of land gardened collectively by a group of people.
Food security
Types of forestry
Community garden
Pesticides
49. A mining technique that involves digging a gigantic hole and removing the desire ORE - along with waste rock that surrounds the ore.
Manmade nitrogen ertilizers
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
Acid mine drainage
Open pit mine
50. The FSC (Forest Stewardship Council) examine the practices of firms and rate them against criteria for sustainability - Grant sustainable forest certification to forests - companies - and products produced using methods they consider sustainable.
Industrial Agriculture/ Factory Farming
Genetically Modified foods
Sustainable Forestry
Dangers of Biological control