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DSST Environmental Science: Land Use

Subjects : dsst, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Maximum Sustainable Yield - Ecosystem-based Management - Adaptive Management






2. Mining method- mining underground coal deposits - in which shafts are dug deeply into the ground and networks of tunnels are dug to follow coal seams.






3. To reclaim is to make things level - and to get something growing and prevent erosion - If the U.S were to try to reclaim - it would cost tax payers about 2 trillion dollars.






4. A severe shortage of food (as through crop failure) resulting in violent hunger and starvation and death






5. One farmer=100 eaters.






6. Goal to guarantee an adequate - safe - nutritious - and reliable food supply available to all people at all times






7. -boosts yields by intensifying irrigation and introducing synthetic fertilizers - while the advent of chemical pesticides reduce competition from weeds and herbivory by crop pests - Industrial agriculture works best under the condition of monoculture






8. About one million people on Earth 10 -000 years ago. (The Agricultural revolution). Worlds population crossed into 7 billion now - It is unlikely that we will double the 7 billion. We will hit 9 to 11 billion people.






9. Cut trees shortly after they go through their fastest stage of growth (which is during their intermediate age) - Advantages: maximizes timber production over time - Disadvantages: trees get cut before they mature; alters forest ecology; eliminates ha






10. A naturally occurring solid element or inorganic compound with a crystal structure - a specific chemical composition - and distinct physical properties.






11. Completely missing something acquired from food; usually protein or vitamin C






12. A single piece of land gardened collectively by a group of people.






13. Technology was not able to profitably remove the copper from the malachite






14. Now makes up 80% of corn in the US - Benefits: Contains naturally occurring pesticide - Increases production - could feed more people - Grow more per square area - Doesn't spoil as quickly - Bigger - tastier






15. The uniform planting of a single crop






16. Fertilizers - promote plant growth by providing essential nutrients like nitrogen or phosphorus; increases crop yield - Combines/Machinery - allows farmers to work much faster and more efficiently; increases crop yield - Pesticides - kill insects - p






17. Organic macromolecules hardest to provide during a famine






18. Can hurt other species - methods used to control other species can become invasive species themselves - Ex. Australia released a virus to kill the excessive rabbits; Australians brought in cane toads to kill beetles on their sugar cane - BUT the toa






19. Worthless material that surrounds a wanted mineral in an ore deposit.






20. A mining technique that involves digging a gigantic hole and removing the desire ORE - along with waste rock that surrounds the ore.






21. More expensive then clear cutting - leaves rows of trees for reseeding/ future harvesting.






22. Long term information is unknown - Can take over surrounding ecosystem - Pest-killing toxin also kills insects that should not and are not meant to be killed such as monarch butterflies - Pollen can be carried to nearby plants by wind thus making th






23. Cheap - But - removes all overburden (trees - soil - rocks - etc.); obliterates natural communities b/c everything has been removed; leads to erosion; causes sulfuric acid run-off;






24. Technology that has vastly increased the amount of food production since the agricultural revolution; currently 1 farmer for every 129 eaters






25. Locally-based socio-economic model of agriculture and food distribution. also refers to a particular network or association of individuals who have pledged to support one or more local farms - with growers and consumers sharing the risks and benefits






26. Heating ore beyond its melting point and combining it with other metals or chemicals ( process of separating).






27. Controversial logging practice where all trees in an area are uniformly cut down - used by foresters to create certain types of forest ecosystems and to promote select species that requires an abudnace of sunlight or grow in large - even--age stands






28. Made by mixing the remains or wastes of organisms including animal manure (essential) - crop residues - fresh vegetation - and compost






29. A variation of clear-cutting in which a strip of trees is clear-cut along the contour of the land - with the corridor narrow enough to allow natural regeneration within a few years. After regeneration - another strip is cut above the first - and so o






30. Completely missing something






31. Shafts are excavated deep into the ground - and networks of tunnels are dug or blasted out to follow deposits of the mineral. requires removal of the overburden - Used for metals ( zinc - lead - nickel - tin - gold - copper) and coal - Most dangerous






32. Cheapest - easiest transportation removal of lumber - Most environmentally harmful - takes all trees - leaves nothing






33. The FSC (Forest Stewardship Council) examine the practices of firms and rate them against criteria for sustainability - Grant sustainable forest certification to forests - companies - and products produced using methods they consider sustainable.






34. Educational - Maintain biodiversity - Aesthetics - Oxygen - Improve quality of life - Co2 to O2 - Shade - Habitat/ biodiversity - Erosion - Clean water - Soil enrichment






35. Cutting the trees down - burning them. Nutrients from the ash go to soil. You have a farmland for ranching cattle or farming soybeans.






36. Advantages: removes the least amount of unwanted material so less waste - Disadvantages: potential collapse; sinkholes; acid drainage; pollutes groundwater; risk of injury/death from dynamite blasts - natural gas explosions - inhalation of toxic gass






37. Foods derived from genetically modified organisms. Genetically modified organisms have had specific changes introduced into their DNA by genetic engineering techniques. include selective breeding; plant breeding. Typically - genetically modified food






38. There is now more nitrate in the soil and water than ever - sometimes at unsafe levels - Corn harvests have improved






39. A fossil fuel composed of organic matter that was compressed under very high pressure to form a dense - solid carbon structure.






40. By far the best method for managing pests - Uses chemical pesticides - biocontrol - AND diversity - Not monoculture; things are planted in a mosaic so that if pests attack all of the corn in one area there is still more corn somewhere else - Proven t






41. Genetically engineered using recombinant DNA






42. Do not naturally occur in the environment - but are synthesized by man. Since all these compounds have carbon and hydrogen atoms as the basis of their molecule (as do living plants and animals) - they are referred to as organic compounds to form pest






43. A mineral or grouping of minerals from which we extract metals - most metals are found in ore - Copper - iron - lead gold - and aluminum - Used in electronic components of computers - cell phones - DVD players.






44. Not enough of some vitamin/mineral/essential thing in food






45. Having not enough of something






46. Manages resource harvesting so as to minimize impact on ecosystem and ecological processes that provide the resource - Advantages: can protect certain areas; can restore habitats; considers surroundings; allows timber harvesting while preserving inte






47. Makes money - remove resources from its original location - Firewood - Paper - Lumber - Charocoal - Gem - Hunting - Medicine






48. The golden molecule for plants because it makes them grow - Leagues have special nitrogen fixing bacteria in their rhizomes (roots) - Three covalent bonds for N2. Stronger the covalent bonds - the harder it is to react. Nitrogen gas is inert.






49. 1990 Clean Air Act amendments encouraged clean-burning low-sulfur coal led to more mining in Appalachia -dumping ton of debris sinto valley degrades and destroys areas of habitat -social and health impacts. loose rock tumbles down into homes - overl






50. Clear cutting - Strip cutting - selective cutting