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DSST Environmental Science: Land Use

Subjects : dsst, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 1990 Clean Air Act amendments encouraged clean-burning low-sulfur coal led to more mining in Appalachia -dumping ton of debris sinto valley degrades and destroys areas of habitat -social and health impacts. loose rock tumbles down into homes - overl






2. The use of heavy machinery to remove huge amounts of earth to expose COAL or MINERALS - which are mined out directly.






3. Not enough of some vitamin/mineral/essential thing in food






4. Worthless material that surrounds a wanted mineral in an ore deposit.






5. About one million people on Earth 10 -000 years ago. (The Agricultural revolution). Worlds population crossed into 7 billion now - It is unlikely that we will double the 7 billion. We will hit 9 to 11 billion people.






6. Do not naturally occur in the environment - but are synthesized by man. Since all these compounds have carbon and hydrogen atoms as the basis of their molecule (as do living plants and animals) - they are referred to as organic compounds to form pest






7. Harvesting only mature trees of certain species and size; usually more expensive then clear-cutting but it is less disruptive for wildlife and often better for forest regeneration






8. A fossil fuel composed of organic matter that was compressed under very high pressure to form a dense - solid carbon structure.






9. The golden molecule for plants because it makes them grow - Leagues have special nitrogen fixing bacteria in their rhizomes (roots) - Three covalent bonds for N2. Stronger the covalent bonds - the harder it is to react. Nitrogen gas is inert.






10. Can hurt other species - methods used to control other species can become invasive species themselves - Ex. Australia released a virus to kill the excessive rabbits; Australians brought in cane toads to kill beetles on their sugar cane - BUT the toa






11. The FSC (Forest Stewardship Council) examine the practices of firms and rate them against criteria for sustainability - Grant sustainable forest certification to forests - companies - and products produced using methods they consider sustainable.






12. Natural fertilizers from decomposing solid organic matter; have lots of nitrogen






13. Solid waste from smelts






14. One farmer=100 eaters.






15. Systematically tests different approaches and aims to improve methods and find ideal over time - Advantages: can be highly effective; works with each specific environment; can protect species; can provide minimum impact - Disadvantages: difficult to






16. Uses the idea that 'the enemy of one's enemy is one's friend' - Battles pests and weeds with organisms that eat or infect them - Can be extremely effective and inexpensive






17. Shafts are excavated deep into the ground - and networks of tunnels are dug or blasted out to follow deposits of the mineral. requires removal of the overburden - Used for metals ( zinc - lead - nickel - tin - gold - copper) and coal - Most dangerous






18. Made by mixing the remains or wastes of organisms including animal manure (essential) - crop residues - fresh vegetation - and compost






19. way to enhance nutrient-limited soils - Inorganic fertilizers- mined or synthetically manufactured mineral supplements - Organic fertilizers consist of the remains or wastes of organisms that include animal mancure - organic fertilizers can improve






20. There is now more nitrate in the soil and water than ever - sometimes at unsafe levels - Corn harvests have improved






21. When sulfide minerals in newly exposed rock surfaces react with oxygen and rainwater to produce sulfuric acid - causing runoff as it leaches metals from the rocks






22. Makes money - remove resources from its original location - Firewood - Paper - Lumber - Charocoal - Gem - Hunting - Medicine






23. Advantages: removes the least amount of unwanted material so less waste - Disadvantages: potential collapse; sinkholes; acid drainage; pollutes groundwater; risk of injury/death from dynamite blasts - natural gas explosions - inhalation of toxic gass






24. Cutting the trees down - burning them. Nutrients from the ash go to soil. You have a farmland for ranching cattle or farming soybeans.






25. Now makes up 80% of corn in the US - Benefits: Contains naturally occurring pesticide - Increases production - could feed more people - Grow more per square area - Doesn't spoil as quickly - Bigger - tastier






26. Corn yield has increased dramatically in the US since the 1920s because it was in the 1920s that GM corn started to be developed






27. Manages resource harvesting so as to minimize impact on ecosystem and ecological processes that provide the resource - Advantages: can protect certain areas; can restore habitats; considers surroundings; allows timber harvesting while preserving inte






28. Bio-control can be extremely cost effect - Bio-control can harm other animals - The cane toads control cane beetle in Carribean






29. Technology was not able to profitably remove the copper from the malachite






30. Maximum Sustainable Yield - Ecosystem-based Management - Adaptive Management






31. Technology that has vastly increased the amount of food production since the agricultural revolution; currently 1 farmer for every 129 eaters






32. Cheapest - easiest transportation removal of lumber - Most environmentally harmful - takes all trees - leaves nothing






33. Combination of different pest management techniques combined in a specific way best for the place they are being used.






34. A mineral or grouping of minerals from which we extract metals - most metals are found in ore - Copper - iron - lead gold - and aluminum - Used in electronic components of computers - cell phones - DVD players.






35. Mix the malachite with water and 6M sulfuric acid and heat the mixture - creating a transformation reaction where the only left over matter is the sand - which is then strained out. Iron fillings are then added to the solution - a substitution react






36. A severe shortage of food (as through crop failure) resulting in violent hunger and starvation and death






37. Fertilizers - promote plant growth by providing essential nutrients like nitrogen or phosphorus; increases crop yield - Combines/Machinery - allows farmers to work much faster and more efficiently; increases crop yield - Pesticides - kill insects - p






38. Mining method- mountain's forests are clear-cut and the timber is sold - topsoild is removed - and then the rock is blasted away to expose the coal for extraction. Overburden is placed back on the mountaintop. Primarily for coal in the Appalachian Mo






39. Choosing valuable trees only - lots of reseeding - transportation is hard.






40. A single piece of land gardened collectively by a group of people.






41. Recycle batteries - Send large amounts of metal to scrap yards/businesses instead of to landfills (ex. cars - fridges - dishwashers - etc.) - Recycle old electronics like phones and computers to prevent more mining of minerals like tantalum that are






42. Food assistance given to an area. Can take away the incentive to produce food in that area. Distribution is an issue.






43. Heating ore beyond its melting point and combining it with other metals or chemicals ( process of separating).






44. Cut trees shortly after they go through their fastest stage of growth (which is during their intermediate age) - Advantages: maximizes timber production over time - Disadvantages: trees get cut before they mature; alters forest ecology; eliminates ha






45. The surface soil that must be moved away to get at coal seams and mineral deposits






46. Goal to guarantee an adequate - safe - nutritious - and reliable food supply available to all people at all times






47. Long term information is unknown - Can take over surrounding ecosystem - Pest-killing toxin also kills insects that should not and are not meant to be killed such as monarch butterflies - Pollen can be carried to nearby plants by wind thus making th






48. Completely missing something






49. Genetically engineered using recombinant DNA






50. -boosts yields by intensifying irrigation and introducing synthetic fertilizers - while the advent of chemical pesticides reduce competition from weeds and herbivory by crop pests - Industrial agriculture works best under the condition of monoculture