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Test your basic knowledge |
DSST Environmental Science: Land Use
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Subjects
:
dsst
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. When sulfide minerals in newly exposed rock surfaces react with oxygen and rainwater to produce sulfuric acid - causing runoff as it leaches metals from the rocks
To purify copper from malachite
Current Population/ 2100 projects of world population
Acid mine drainage
Nitrate
2. Made by mixing the remains or wastes of organisms including animal manure (essential) - crop residues - fresh vegetation - and compost
Manmade nitrogen ertilizers
How corn yield has changed in the United States since the 1920s
Slash and Burn
Clear-cutting
3. Controversial logging practice where all trees in an area are uniformly cut down - used by foresters to create certain types of forest ecosystems and to promote select species that requires an abudnace of sunlight or grow in large - even--age stands
Biological Control
Undernourishment
Clear-cutting
Pest management
4. Uses the idea that 'the enemy of one's enemy is one's friend' - Battles pests and weeds with organisms that eat or infect them - Can be extremely effective and inexpensive
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
Current Population/ 2100 projects of world population
Biological control (alternative to pesticides)
Slag
5. Mining method- mountain's forests are clear-cut and the timber is sold - topsoild is removed - and then the rock is blasted away to expose the coal for extraction. Overburden is placed back on the mountaintop. Primarily for coal in the Appalachian Mo
Nitrate
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
Mountain-Top Removal
6. Recycle batteries - Send large amounts of metal to scrap yards/businesses instead of to landfills (ex. cars - fridges - dishwashers - etc.) - Recycle old electronics like phones and computers to prevent more mining of minerals like tantalum that are
Lesson from Food Inc
Effect of man made fertilizer on the amount of nitrate in the soil and water from 100 years ago
Ecological services
Things people can do to avoid depleting minerals
7. Combination of different pest management techniques combined in a specific way best for the place they are being used.
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
Surface mining
Biological control (alternative to pesticides)
8. More expensive then clear cutting - leaves rows of trees for reseeding/ future harvesting.
Strip Cutting
Community garden
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
Clear-cutting
9. Manages resource harvesting so as to minimize impact on ecosystem and ecological processes that provide the resource - Advantages: can protect certain areas; can restore habitats; considers surroundings; allows timber harvesting while preserving inte
Fertilizers
To purify copper from malachite
Clear cutting
Ecosystem-based Management
10. Malachite contains sulfides which become strongly acidic when mixed with water and thus pollutes water
What we can do to make forestry more sustainable
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
Pest management
Food security
11. A severe shortage of food (as through crop failure) resulting in violent hunger and starvation and death
Agricultural revolution and technology
Ecosystem-based Management
Famine
Tailings/ Gangue
12. Can hurt other species - methods used to control other species can become invasive species themselves - Ex. Australia released a virus to kill the excessive rabbits; Australians brought in cane toads to kill beetles on their sugar cane - BUT the toa
Effect of Monsanto on soybean farming since 1994
Malnourishment/Kwashiorkor
Coal
Dangers of Biological control
13. There is now more nitrate in the soil and water than ever - sometimes at unsafe levels - Corn harvests have improved
Lesson from Food Inc
Undernourishment/Marasmus
Manure/compost
Effect of man made fertilizer on the amount of nitrate in the soil and water from 100 years ago
14. Harvesting only mature trees of certain species and size; usually more expensive then clear-cutting but it is less disruptive for wildlife and often better for forest regeneration
Pesticides
Selective Cutting
Strip Cutting
Ore
15. The surface soil that must be moved away to get at coal seams and mineral deposits
Overburden
Selective Cutting
Manmade nitrogen fertilizers
Current Population/ 2100 projects of world population
16. 1990 Clean Air Act amendments encouraged clean-burning low-sulfur coal led to more mining in Appalachia -dumping ton of debris sinto valley degrades and destroys areas of habitat -social and health impacts. loose rock tumbles down into homes - overl
Open pit mine
Impact of Mountain-Top Removal
Biological control (alternative to pesticides)
Undernourishment
17. Having not enough of something
Costs and downsides of purifying malachite
Bt Corn
Food Aid
Undernourishment
18. A single piece of land gardened collectively by a group of people.
Community garden
Biological Control
Tailings/ Gangue
Clear cutting
19. Shafts are excavated deep into the ground - and networks of tunnels are dug or blasted out to follow deposits of the mineral. requires removal of the overburden - Used for metals ( zinc - lead - nickel - tin - gold - copper) and coal - Most dangerous
Surface mining
Ore
Open pit mine
Things people can do to avoid depleting minerals
20. - the turning and loosening of soil for the planting of crops
Plowing
Nitrate
Famine
Adaptive Management
21. A variation of clear-cutting in which a strip of trees is clear-cut along the contour of the land - with the corridor narrow enough to allow natural regeneration within a few years. After regeneration - another strip is cut above the first - and so o
Nitrate
Strip cutting
Risks of Bt Corn
Why malachite was originally left behind as tailing from copper mines
22. The golden molecule for plants because it makes them grow - Leagues have special nitrogen fixing bacteria in their rhizomes (roots) - Three covalent bonds for N2. Stronger the covalent bonds - the harder it is to react. Nitrogen gas is inert.
Nitrate
Clear-cutting
Why malachite was originally left behind as tailing from copper mines
Strip cutting
23. The uniform planting of a single crop
Strip cutting
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
Undernourishment
Monoculture
24. -boosts yields by intensifying irrigation and introducing synthetic fertilizers - while the advent of chemical pesticides reduce competition from weeds and herbivory by crop pests - Industrial agriculture works best under the condition of monoculture
Economic services
Smelting
Risks of Bt Corn
Industrial Agriculture/ Factory Farming
25. Cheapest - easiest transportation removal of lumber - Most environmentally harmful - takes all trees - leaves nothing
Minerals
Clear cutting
What we can do to make forestry more sustainable
Acid mine drainage
26. Corn yield has increased dramatically in the US since the 1920s because it was in the 1920s that GM corn started to be developed
Tailings/ Gangue
Food Aid
Impact of Mountain-Top Removal
How corn yield has changed in the United States since the 1920s
27. Technology was not able to profitably remove the copper from the malachite
Fertilizers
Sustainable Forestry
Why malachite was originally left behind as tailing from copper mines
Genetically Modified foods
28. Goal to guarantee an adequate - safe - nutritious - and reliable food supply available to all people at all times
Effect of Monsanto on soybean farming since 1994
Tailings/ Gangue
Food security
Plowing
29. Soy beans have been genetically modified for better traits. 'Round up Ready' soy beans have made it so that weed killer 'round up' can be sprayed around the plants and kill all the weeds but not the soy bean plants. 'round up ready soy beans' were cr
Pesticides
Economic services
Effect of Monsanto on soybean farming since 1994
Malnourishment/Kwashiorkor
30. Systematically tests different approaches and aims to improve methods and find ideal over time - Advantages: can be highly effective; works with each specific environment; can protect species; can provide minimum impact - Disadvantages: difficult to
Subsurface mining
Biological Control
Adaptive Management
Smelting
31. Choosing valuable trees only - lots of reseeding - transportation is hard.
Maximum Sustainable Yield
Fertilizers
Protein (usually)
Selective cutting
32. Heating ore beyond its melting point and combining it with other metals or chemicals ( process of separating).
Genetically modified food
Smelting
Why malachite was originally left behind as tailing from copper mines
Undernourishment
33. (Insecticides - Herbicides/ Fungicides) - Artificial chemicals used to kill pests/ insects/plants/fungi
Ecosystem-based Management
Strip cutting
Plowing
Pesticides
34. Completely missing something acquired from food; usually protein or vitamin C
Clear-cutting
Types of forestry
Malnourishment/Kwashiorkor
Bt Corn
35. Food assistance given to an area. Can take away the incentive to produce food in that area. Distribution is an issue.
Artificial Organic compounds
Food Aid
Naturally occurring pesticides
Community garden
36. By far the best method for managing pests - Uses chemical pesticides - biocontrol - AND diversity - Not monoculture; things are planted in a mosaic so that if pests attack all of the corn in one area there is still more corn somewhere else - Proven t
Food Aid
Artificial Organic compounds
Pest management
Undernourishment/Marasmus
37. A naturally occurring solid element or inorganic compound with a crystal structure - a specific chemical composition - and distinct physical properties.
Minerals
Strip mine
Genetically Modified foods
Industrial Agriculture/ Factory Farming
38. Locally-based socio-economic model of agriculture and food distribution. also refers to a particular network or association of individuals who have pledged to support one or more local farms - with growers and consumers sharing the risks and benefits
Manure/compost
Current Population/ 2100 projects of world population
Community supported agriculture (CSA)
Lesson from Food Inc
39. Cutting the trees down - burning them. Nutrients from the ash go to soil. You have a farmland for ranching cattle or farming soybeans.
Maximum Sustainable Yield
Tailings/ Gangue
Current Population/ 2100 projects of world population
Slash and Burn
40. Clear cutting - Strip cutting - selective cutting
Types of forestry
Genetically modified food
Tailings/ Gangue
Pest management
41. In the last 100 years - humans have doubled the amount of organic nitrogen in the biosphere by artificial synthesis of ammonia.
To purify copper from malachite
Genetically Modified foods
Manmade nitrogen fertilizers
Manure/compost
42. Fertilizers - promote plant growth by providing essential nutrients like nitrogen or phosphorus; increases crop yield - Combines/Machinery - allows farmers to work much faster and more efficiently; increases crop yield - Pesticides - kill insects - p
Agricultural revolution and technology
Dangers of Biological control
Naturally occurring pesticides
Food Aid
43. About one million people on Earth 10 -000 years ago. (The Agricultural revolution). Worlds population crossed into 7 billion now - It is unlikely that we will double the 7 billion. We will hit 9 to 11 billion people.
Bt Corn
Current Population/ 2100 projects of world population
Plowing
How corn yield has changed in the United States since the 1920s
44. Mining method- mining underground coal deposits - in which shafts are dug deeply into the ground and networks of tunnels are dug to follow coal seams.
Subsurface mining
Pesticides
Sustainable Forestry
Coal
45. Nicotine - Alcohol - Cocaine - if it can kill you - it can kill other living things.
Lesson from Food Inc
Dangers of Biological control
Malnourishment/Kwashiorkor
Naturally occurring pesticides
46. Do not naturally occur in the environment - but are synthesized by man. Since all these compounds have carbon and hydrogen atoms as the basis of their molecule (as do living plants and animals) - they are referred to as organic compounds to form pest
Impact of Mountain-Top Removal
Dangers of Biological control
Artificial Organic compounds
Genetically modified food
47. Mix the malachite with water and 6M sulfuric acid and heat the mixture - creating a transformation reaction where the only left over matter is the sand - which is then strained out. Iron fillings are then added to the solution - a substitution react
Selective cutting
Artificial Organic compounds
Economic services
To purify copper from malachite
48. Educational - Maintain biodiversity - Aesthetics - Oxygen - Improve quality of life - Co2 to O2 - Shade - Habitat/ biodiversity - Erosion - Clean water - Soil enrichment
Strip mine
Manmade nitrogen fertilizers
Slag
Ecological services
49. Genetically engineered using recombinant DNA
Ecosystem-based Management
Genetically modified food
Acid mine drainage
Economic services
50. A mineral or grouping of minerals from which we extract metals - most metals are found in ore - Copper - iron - lead gold - and aluminum - Used in electronic components of computers - cell phones - DVD players.
Minerals
Ore
Clear-cutting
Bt Corn