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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The process by which a living organism adapts to its environment.






2. Anthropologist: After armchair anthro...embarked on early anthro expeditions (not scientifically rigorous).






3. Indians: Tribal villages (farmer class) - religious urban centers (priest class) - TIME/Astronomy/math - pyramids - reptilian gods.






4. Anthropologist: Survival=Symbolic form of earlier custom (mock battle in nuptial rituals=vestige of actually 'capturing the bride'






5. Not universal. Evolved in last 10k years (surplus food - development of states). States are political system most likely to go to war






6. Relatives on each side of marriage - extending at least to second cousin. Urbanization - migration = less importance






7. Logic/Observation (not gods). Thales - Xenophanes - Pyhtagorus - Hippocrates. Differed from Near Eastern thought.






8. The exchange of genetic material between maternal and paternal chromosomes - creating a new combination of genes on the chromosome.






9. Belief of early anthropologist that cultures evolve through various stages from a simpler and more primitive state to a complex and more culturally advanced state.






10. Indissoluble in Roman Catholic and Hindu. Pueblo Indians: woman simply leaves moccasins on the doorstep (NM -AZ) No divorce allowed in Malta - Philippines. Low divorce rate in Japan. Islam allows but discourages (3x limit)






11. Things all people do the same way (language)






12. Small segment of DNA that codes for the systhesis (creation) of a specific protein - and thus determines a trait.






13. Non-industrial socs. People produce own food - but an elite controls a portion of production






14. Fixed at birth - unchangeable - endogamous. India: Brahmins - warriors - artisans - laborers (then untouchables)






15. Hawaiian - aroi sun kingdom






16. Exchange of goods/services/gifts/emotions b/n two parties. Often ritual/ceremony. Characteristic of HG groups






17. 40 -000 to 8000 B.C. homo sapiens. Found in France. Brain size 1 -400cc. Created art. paleolithic.






18. Cultural phenom existed for a reason - but persist when conditions change (superstition=vestige of rational practices).






19. Basic building blocks of culture. Without them - there is no culture






20. Mobile Foragers (Eskimo) combine nuclear families. Don't allow accumulated wealth - prize generosity - equality of resources






21. A homo erectus discovered by Dutch physician and anatomist Eugene Dubois in 1891 in JAVA Indonesia -






22. The process of removing earth carefully and systemically from an area in order to find buried remains






23. Thinker: social stratification






24. A process in which chromosomes physically exchange parts.






25. Change based on belief in inevitable advance of science and Western secularism. Industrial growth - consolidation of the state - bureaucratization - market economy - tech advances - literacy - social mobility






26. Ancient Hebrew manuscripts hidden in clay jars in caves near Qumran by the Dead Sea that were discovered accidentally by Bedouin while looking for a stray animal in 1947..






27. The sex cell of a plant or animal may contain one factor (allele) for different traits but not both factors needed to express the traits

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28. Skipped Bronze Age. Intermediate Neolithic tools were used instead (Zaire - Ghana). But not in Kenya (no celts - axes etc)






29. Goods flow to central place - and are distributed again (Eg -US Tax System). Reqs strong central political organization. Sometimes Prestige is derived from giving away valuables






30. 1/2 Founder of Modern Anthropology. Ethnographic fieldwork - reciprocity - Pacific Islands. After Rivers (more rigor) 'Participant Observation'. WWI spent 2 years in Trobriand Islands (Papua New Guinea)






31. Branch of anthropology - systematic and detailed comparison of human races - their origin - distribution - culture - etc.






32. Set of rights and obligations inherent in a social position.






33. (Veblen): Display of wealth by its owner for social prestige






34. What people ACTUALLY do in everyday - real life interactio






35. Chavin - Chibcham Chimor - Chachapoya - Huari - Inca - Moche - Nazca - Tairona - Tiwanaku






36. Said anthropology is a 'Policy Science'. Urged for its use in improving the human condition. What is Culture - cross-cultural.






37. (Middle Stone Age): 10kya. Hunter/Gatherer (w/ fish). Baskets - Pots - - harpoons - canoes - store food. Holocene. Not much development in art - focused on inventions - diversification of subsistence strategies






38. Africa: Jackals=Dogs. Donkeys - cats. (entered religious thought - animistic philosphy of Egypt) - Neolithic






39. Scarcity - Supply & Demand - Self-interest - personal gain - rational decision-making. Economy can be analyzed independent of other social structures and institutions.Emph: Choice of Indiv actor






40. (skills that only some people have) Playing guitar - understanding algebra.






41. Structionalism. Amazon tribe. ethnographic.






42. Provisional sampling cuts to explore potential excavation sites. Tigris/Euphrates flooded regularly so hard to navigate.






43. Person is considered equally related to kinfolk on either side of the family. Western Socs. (bilateral)






44. Each inherited characteristic is determined by two heredity factors/genes - one from each parent - which determines whether a gene will be dominant or recessive.

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45. Earliest known bipedal hominid with ape like brain - ex. Lucy 3.2 mya. 400cc brain. Africa.






46. The actual time (usually measured in years) as determined by radioactive decay of elements






47. Food foragers (in-sync with env - see themselves as a harmonious part of natural world).






48. Plants and animals all evolved over a long period of time from simple into more complex life forms. (Darwin)






49. Viewpoint of Anthropologists. Economy that is embedded within other social structures and institutions. Interaction of humans with their environment - methods of 'want' satisfaction. Holistic. Opponents argue that Formalist approach only applies to m






50. Animistic/Shamanistic. Animal or other naturalistic figure that spiritually represents a person or a clan (intimate relationship)