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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Difference in the genes between different species or members of the same species - caused by the varying number of structure of the chromosome. Not all may be observable as phenotypic variations






2. The skeletal remains of Homo erectus - found at Zhoukoudian - near Peking - China - in the late 1930s and early 1940s and subsequently lost during World War II






3. Created by repeated pecking at grindstones b/c too smooth to grind red ochre=Macehead (Egypt/Nile Valley)- Neolithic






4. A change or alteration in nitrogenous bases of DNA.






5. The earliest member of the genus Homo - ape-like - found on sites dating 2mya Dr. Leakey in Olduvai Gorge - Africa. 775cc brain (1/2 sapien) tool users. Lived 50 -000 years. 'handy man'






6. The study of the different sounds employed by language.






7. Giving and receiving are specific as to value of goods - and time of delivery.






8. Gene flow usually occuring in humans as a result of actual migration of populations (either forced or voluntary).






9. Catarrhini (hooked nose). Asia - Africa - Europe. large mammals. ground dwellers. carniverous. harems/sexual dimorphism. non-prehensile tails (baboons - macaque - proboscic monkey.






10. Evaluating other groups according to THEIR standards (not judging)






11. The 3rd in the three stages of the evolution theory developed by Lewis Henry Morgan. Human form of culture. many people in urban center - smelt metals - method of writing.






12. Vietnam War (Jesus=jeep/camo) - Native Americans (Dance of the Spirits) - Africa (Abacus/Menstrual Cycle)






13. Structionalism. Amazon tribe. ethnographic.






14. Ancient Hebrew manuscripts hidden in clay jars in caves near Qumran by the Dead Sea that were discovered accidentally by Bedouin while looking for a stray animal in 1947..






15. A type of agricultural activity based on nomadic animal husbandry or the raising of livestock to provide food - clothing - and shelter.






16. Chopper-chopping tool industry (Pebble Industry). Wood -bone -stone tools. Homo Erectus. Hand-Axe (700kya): Abbevillian Industry (France) and later - Acheulian Industry (Eur/Af/As). Flake Stone Tools (flint): Clactonian Industry






17. The children of a parent's siblings of the opposite sex (mother's brothers - father's sisters).






18. Describe behavior in terms familiar to the observer (enables comparative research - and making universal claims)






19. The non-living world. the area from the surface of earth down to its center.






20. Category of individuals who enjoy equal prestige according to a society. (Perception of class is relative). Economics - social status - aesthetic preferences - behavior - occupation - appearance - civic involvement






21. A theory stressing the importance of interdependence among all behavior patterns and institutions within a social system to its long-term survival. (Emile Durkheim)






22. Technology that Spread east to Indus River Valley (India) by 5k BC






23. Cholula - Huastec - Mixtec - Olmec - Pipil - Totonac - Toltec - Zapote






24. States (see themselves as manipulating their environment - controlling it - dominating it - for self-interest).






25. The 2nd in the three stages of the evolution theory developed by Lewis Henry Morgan. (Domestication of animals - cultivation)






26. A polygamous mating system involving one female and many males.






27. Ruthless empire. By 665BC=Palestine - Syria - Asia Minor - Persian Gulf. buffer b/n civil Middle East & Barbarians.fell in 612BC. Internal revolution - and defeat by NeoBabylonians (Chaldeans)






28. Hypertrophic horticulture among large populations






29. Viewpoint of Anthropologists. Economy that is embedded within other social structures and institutions. Interaction of humans with their environment - methods of 'want' satisfaction. Holistic. Opponents argue that Formalist approach only applies to m






30. Either of 2 sibs - clans - kinship groups - of unilateral descent - that together make up a tribe or society






31. Transfer of cultural traits/ideas from one society/ethnic group to another. McDonald's (US=Fast Food - China=Special Occasion)






32. Improve welfare of people in underdeveloped countries (usually through economic growth).






33. Small segment of DNA that codes for the systhesis (creation) of a specific protein - and thus determines a trait.






34. The aspect of archaeology that deals with the past of man before he learned to write has - since the middle of the 19th century - aka prehistory.






35. Also known as 'biological anthropology -' studies the mechanisms of biological evolution - genetic inheritance - human adaptability and variation - primatology - and the fossil record of human evolution.






36. Adenine - guanine - cytosine - thymine that form genetic code.






37. The science dealing with the measurement of the human body to determine differences in individuals or groups






38. Perform Rituals in belief that ancestors will recognize their own people and make very valuable cargo come (utopian/millenial). John Frum






39. Father of Modern Anthropology - noted for applying the scientific method to the study of human cultures and societies. Opposed evolutionist.






40. Acting as a communiction link between producers and users of new technology






41. All the knowledge and values shared by a society






42. Essential mechanism of evolution proposed by Charles Darwin - and is the process by which those members of a particular species that are better adapted to their environment survive longer and produce more offspring than the poorer adapted.






43. The study of how people use language in context - how utterances are used - either figuratively or literally - in communicative acts.






44. Associated with Julian Steward - study of adaptation of social culture to natural resources and other human groups.






45. Food foragers (in-sync with env - see themselves as a harmonious part of natural world).






46. Anthropologist: reciprocity - gift economy - Durkheim's nephew






47. Strong social prohibition. Abhorrent to society. Eg - Hinduism: killing the co






48. Relatives on each side of marriage - extending at least to second cousin. Urbanization - migration = less importance






49. Married couple + Kids (incl. Foster - adopted - natural children). Most common form in US.aka Conjugal Family






50. 1/2 Founder of Modern Anthropology. After River (more rigor). Studied American Indians (1880s documented) Coined 'Cultural Relativism'. Sat with elders to hear their historic accounts of their culture. [Salvage ethnography]