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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The subfield of anthropology that focuses on variations in cultural behaviors among human populations






2. Used to date organic remains and rocks from 50 -000yrs ago to present (atomic physics)






3. Began 5k ya in Mesopotamia - Egypt - possible to create flood control plans. Later in India - China - then Europe.






4. Based on institutionalized beliefs and practices dealing with ultimate meaning of life. Belief stems from their experience of the world.






5. Primary form of support for existing political leadership. Based on internal values of the people - not so much coercion






6. The study of the patterns and distributions of speech sounds in a language and the tacit rules for their pronunciation.






7. Identifying impact of federal development on archaeological sites and historical buildings






8. 'Upright Man' - An extinct species of the genus Homo - Africa/Europe/Asia. fire and tools. hand ax. early speech.






9. (3k BC) Spread copper tools to Sudan - but rest of Africa passed directly from Mesolithic to Iron Age. Theocracy government. (Bronze age)






10. A subdivision within the primate order based on shared anatomical characteristics that larger brains - binocular vision - parental care - longer gestational period - slower maturation.






11. <40kya): Regional stone tool industries (Perigordian - Aurignacian - Solutrean - Magdelenian) - More complex - specialized - variety of tools. Regional artistic traditions. Homosapien - Neanderthal - Cro-magnon. Small Sculptures (E. Eur): Small - por






12. Primitive people. Some people have special power - middlemen b/n man and god. Performs ritual magic to save tribe in trouble






13. Study of remains found in layers of soil and rock






14. Anthropologist: Indians (North - Central - South America). Recorded folktales of blacks in N. America and West Indies.






15. Platyrrhini - south america - small mammals - tree dwellers - prehensile tails - noctural - monogamous (gibbons - marmosets)






16. Seperation(leave) - Liminality(limbo) - Incorporation(rejoin).






17. (Veblen): Display of wealth by its owner for social prestige






18. Marriage to a person belonging to a tribe or group other than your own as required by custom or law






19. Hawaiian - aroi sun kingdom






20. With reference to the writing of P. Teilhard de Chardin - a stage - world or sphere of evolutionary development characterized by consciousness - the mind - information and interpersonal relationships.






21. Exchange of goods/services/gifts/emotions b/n two parties. Often ritual/ceremony. Characteristic of HG groups






22. The living world. the regions of the surface and atmosphere of the Earth (or other planet) where living organisms exist






23. Gene flow usually occuring in humans as a result of actual migration of populations (either forced or voluntary).






24. The study of the literal meanings and the interpretation of words.






25. What people ACTUALLY do in everyday - real life interactio






26. Personal quirks: Get up at certain time - order of getting dressed - etc






27. Provisional sampling cuts to explore potential excavation sites. Tigris/Euphrates flooded regularly so hard to navigate.






28. Closest living animal to modern humans. 96% same DNA.






29. Civilization to invent 'zero'






30. The study of the principles and rules that regulate word structure in language.






31. 40 -000 to 8000 B.C. homo sapiens. Found in France. Brain size 1 -400cc. Created art. paleolithic.






32. Research in which the data is recorded in numerical form.






33. USA/Mexico/C. Am. Corn (maize) - beans - squash 6500BC (village life not until 2k BC).- Neolithic






34. 20 century anthropologist.structural-functionalism. primitive societies - Durkhiem






35. Early anthropologists such as E.B. Taylor and J.G. Frazer in England who worked mostly with materials collected by others - usually missionaries - traders - explorers - or colonial officials.






36. Marriage within one's own tribe or group as required by custom or law






37. The application of scientific principles to agriculture especially to animal breeding






38. Anthropologist: 12-volume comparative study of Religion (using ethnographic details) - evolution of religion from magic.






39. (Foragers): Earliest and most stable form of human subsistence. Unit of production = Unit of Consumption. Of 150billion who have ever lived - 60% were HG. 99% of history as humans is as HG






40. Flat/broad nosed primates; New World monkeys






41. 1/2 Founder of Modern Anthropology. After River (more rigor). Studied American Indians (1880s documented) Coined 'Cultural Relativism'. Sat with elders to hear their historic accounts of their culture. [Salvage ethnography]






42. Africa: Jackals=Dogs. Donkeys - cats. (entered religious thought - animistic philosphy of Egypt) - Neolithic






43. A group of sexually reproducing individuals (of the same species) mating with each other and sharing a common gene pool.






44. Marks change in social or sexual status. Birth - Circumcision - Coming of Age - Wedding - Menopause - Death






45. The genetic makeup of an organism as indicated by its set of alleles - that determines hereditary potential/limits from embyro to adulthood.






46. Either of 2 sibs - clans - kinship groups - of unilateral descent - that together make up a tribe or society






47. Ruthless empire. By 665BC=Palestine - Syria - Asia Minor - Persian Gulf. buffer b/n civil Middle East & Barbarians.fell in 612BC. Internal revolution - and defeat by NeoBabylonians (Chaldeans)






48. Using a radioactive process to determine the age of an item. millions of years.






49. The non-living world. the area from the surface of earth down to its center.






50. Communal Ownership of Land. Some ownership - but pastures - forests - mountains - waterways - sacred grounds - are shared