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DSST General Anthropology
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dsst
,
anthropology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Study of remains found in layers of soil and rock
Stratigraphy
Market Exchange
Quinceanera
Cultural Anthropology
2. System of symbols - mediate b/n an individual and his world. Way of Life. Make sense of world - motivate behavior
Culture
Egypt
Mendel's third principle of genetics
primates
3. Civilization to invent 'zero'
Petrie
Levy-Bruhl
babylonians
Middle east farming
4. Relatives through marriage
Biosphere
Hebrews
Affinal kin
Levi-Strauss
5. Platyrrhini - south america - small mammals - tree dwellers - prehensile tails - noctural - monogamous (gibbons - marmosets)
Cargo Cult
New World monkeys
Phratry
McLennan
6. Study of human activity and cultures through material remains. non-natural science. half science - half humanity. Fills in gaps in human history.
Archaeology
Genetic drift
Semantics
Redistribution
7. Communication element. Represents a complex of person - object - group - or idea. Graphically or Representationally.
Cargo Cult
Symbol
Animism
Yanomamo Feasting
8. Evaluating other groups according to THEIR standards (not judging)
Mutagen
Marx - Freud - & Saussure
Sanction
Cultural relativism
9. Consists of social impact assessment - evaluation research - technology development research - cultural resource assessment
Cargo Cult
Sumerians
Status
Policy Research
10. A subdivision within the primate order based on shared anatomical characteristics that larger brains - binocular vision - parental care - longer gestational period - slower maturation.
Anthropoids
Nitrogenous Bases
Market Exchange
State
11. Transfer of cultural traits/ideas from one society/ethnic group to another. McDonald's (US=Fast Food - China=Special Occasion)
homonoids
Diffusion
Phonetics
Moieties
12. Domestication of plants - gardening using man-powered tools. Labor Intensive/Surplus/Social Stratification
endogamy
Horticulture
Negative Reciprocity
exogamy
13. A group of sexually reproducing individuals (of the same species) mating with each other and sharing a common gene pool.
Bronze Age
Mendelian population
Taboo
Directed Cultural Change
14. The study of the patterns and distributions of speech sounds in a language and the tacit rules for their pronunciation.
Moieties
Phonology
Cross-cousins
Anthropoids
15. Ancient Roman patrilineal clan that shared the same surname - and a legendary common ancestor (worshipped)
gene flow
Gens
Taboo
Agriculture
16. Category of individuals who enjoy equal prestige according to a society. (Perception of class is relative). Economics - social status - aesthetic preferences - behavior - occupation - appearance - civic involvement
Physical Anthropology
Structural-functional
Class
KhoiKhoi
17. Half way b/n tribe and a state. Permanent political structure. Transitional form of sociopol org in evolution of tribe to state
Chiefdom
Peking Man
Superposition
Anthropoids
18. Value of gift and time of repayment are not specified
Agriculture
Individual Peculiarities
Archaeology
Generalized Reciprocity
19. First farming. 9-7k BC. Middle East (Iraq - Iran - Israel etc.) Barley - wheat - sheep - goats. (cows/pigs later). Spread from Middle East north to Europe - Neolithic
Rite of passage
Mendelian population
Lower Paleo Period
Middle east farming
20. 1/2 Founder of Modern Anthropology. Ethnographic fieldwork - reciprocity - Pacific Islands. After Rivers (more rigor) 'Participant Observation'. WWI spent 2 years in Trobriand Islands (Papua New Guinea)
Anthropology
radiometric dating
Non-warlike people
Malinowski
21. Non-industrial socs. People produce own food - but an elite controls a portion of production
Dead Sea scrolls
Linguistics
Tributary Production
Stimulus Diffusion
22. The application of Charles Darwin's ideas about evolution and 'survival of the fittest' to human societies - particularly as justification for United States expansion. (white man's burden)
Cultural Evolution
Directed Cultural Change
Ethnography
Social Darwinism
23. Animistic/Shamanistic. Animal or other naturalistic figure that spiritually represents a person or a clan (intimate relationship)
South American indians
prehistoric archaeology
Totem
Kindred
24. Focusing efforts to implement positive change in a culture
Directed Cultural Change
Survival
Greeks
Birth of Anthropology
25. Seperation(leave) - Liminality(limbo) - Incorporation(rejoin).
Mesopotamia
Alternatives
Technology development research
Phases of rituals
26. Spread to Huang Ho (Yellow River Valley) of China - and SE Asia by 3500BC (millet and rice).- Neolithic
Hammurabi
Asian farming
Unilineal Descent
Homo Erectus
27. Family who excavate Olduvai Gorge
Leakey family
Sondages
Egyptology
Alternatives
28. 40 -000 to 8000 B.C. homo sapiens. Found in France. Brain size 1 -400cc. Created art. paleolithic.
Cro-Magnon
Armchair Anthropologists
Neanderthals
Homo Habilis
29. Technology that Spread east to Indus River Valley (India) by 5k BC
classical archaeology
Mendel's second principle of genetics
Neolithic Technology
Homonids
30. Common in non-intensive food production. Villages=Various descent groups (clans/bands) - no formal govt or social classes.
Status
Rite of passage
Feudal System
Tribe
31. Development of Civilizations: Copper & Tin=Bronze. Replaced stone for tools/weapons
Non-warlike people
Bronze Age
carbon-14 dating
Formal Economics
32. Logic/Observation (not gods). Thales - Xenophanes - Pyhtagorus - Hippocrates. Differed from Near Eastern thought.
Greeks
Egyptian diffusion
exogamy
Mary Douglas Leakey
33. Anthropologist: After armchair anthro...embarked on early anthro expeditions (not scientifically rigorous).
Mendel's second principle of genetics
Fieldwork
WG Rivers
Structural-functional
34. Closest living animal to modern humans. 96% same DNA.
chimpanzee
Quantitative Research
Class
Peking Man
35. Food foragers (in-sync with env - see themselves as a harmonious part of natural world).
Non-warlike people
Hunter/Gatherers
Universalities
Phratry
36. Species of people that inhabited much of Europe and the Mediterranean lands c. 200 -000-28 -000 years ago. The name derives from the discovery in 1856 of remains in a cave above Germany's Neander Valley. Neanderthals were short - stout - and powerful
Individual Peculiarities
Neanderthals
Hunter/Gatherers
Schliemann
37. The 3rd in the three stages of the evolution theory developed by Lewis Henry Morgan. Human form of culture. many people in urban center - smelt metals - method of writing.
Civilization
Religion
Tribe
Stratigraphy
38. The scientific study of the structure - sounds - and meaning of language
Homonids
Linguistics
Dating methods
Mutation
39. Ritual in Burma/Thai boy monks 7-14 - 'Jewel Princess'
Homo Erectus
Sapir-Whorf
Theory of organic evolution
Poy Tang Lon
40. Eg - Barter. Scarce goods from one group are exchanged for desirable goods from another group. Giver tries to come out on top. Ultimate form = taking by force.
Negative Reciprocity
Social impact assessment
Etic perspective
Archaeology
41. Created by Setting upper grindstone at an angle when grinding red ochre=sharp edge=Celt (like a chisel or axe - Egypt)- Neolithic
Levi-Strauss
sharp edges
Anthropology
Homonids
42. Anthropologist: (early 1900s): Culture = combination of universals - alternatives - specialties - individual peculiarities. The Study of Man (1936) and The Tree of Culture (1955)
Mauss
Homo Erectus
Genpuku
Ralph Lynton
43. Spread of something from one group to another
Diffusion
Schliemann
Malinowski
Barbarism
44. Small segment of DNA that codes for the systhesis (creation) of a specific protein - and thus determines a trait.
Petrie
Schliemann
3 types of excavation
Gene
45. Research that refers to in-depth study using face-to-face or observation techniques to collect data from people in their natural settings.
Electromagnetic prospecting
Qualitative Research
Nuclear Family
Dead Sea scrolls
46. Ancient Hebrew manuscripts hidden in clay jars in caves near Qumran by the Dead Sea that were discovered accidentally by Bedouin while looking for a stray animal in 1947..
Genpuku
Dead Sea scrolls
Yanomamo
Diffusion
47. A systematic and detailed description of a particular culture primarily based on fieldwork - direct contact - and qualitive research.
Divorce
Structural-functional
Ethnography
Cultivation
48. The study of the literal meanings and the interpretation of words.
Kluckhohn
Agriculture
Africa
Semantics
49. Characteristics are inherited independently from other characteristics
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50. Describe behavior in insider/natives own terms. Actor's own reasons - interpretations - customs - beliefs
Real Culture
Physical Anthropology
Myth
Emic perspective
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