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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Old Stone Age. 2.5 mya - 2kya. Chipped stone tools. earliest human ancestors. pleistocene.






2. Found Australopathicus skull in 1959. Upright human footprints in 1978






3. Social Institutions - not theological - philosophical - or psychological phenomenons






4. Cluster of 3 or more sibs - clans - kinship groups considered a single unit (but retain sep IDs within) - Native Americans: Used animal sign to ID (Tlingit Tribe: Matri] - Intermarriage b/n phratries was mandated)






5. Early humans and human like creature. Erect - large complex brain - tool-using - community organization.






6. Groups descended from mother or father's line only. (unilateral)






7. (New Stone Age): 10kya. Domestic animals - villages - pottery - weaving - food producing (not collecting). Holocene. Beginning of real civilization (Final stage of prehistoric cult evol/techno dev)






8. The scientific study of the structure - sounds - and meaning of language






9. A larger collection of DNA that contains many genes and the support proteins needed to control these genes.






10. Hispanic ritual - 15 yr girl - sneakers to high heel






11. Consists of social impact assessment - evaluation research - technology development research - cultural resource assessment






12. Civilization to invent 'zero'






13. Ritual of Greek Citizenship






14. 1/2 Founder of Modern Anthropology. After River (more rigor). Studied American Indians (1880s documented) Coined 'Cultural Relativism'. Sat with elders to hear their historic accounts of their culture. [Salvage ethnography]






15. Spread of an IDEA from one group to another.






16. Half way b/n tribe and state. Kin-based. Permanent group-based differencesin access to resources. Permanent Political Structure






17. Evaluate other groups according to OUR OWN standards (judging)






18. Non-industrial socs. People produce own food - but an elite controls a portion of production






19. Essential mechanism of evolution proposed by Charles Darwin - and is the process by which those members of a particular species that are better adapted to their environment survive longer and produce more offspring than the poorer adapted.






20. Vietnam War (Jesus=jeep/camo) - Native Americans (Dance of the Spirits) - Africa (Abacus/Menstrual Cycle)






21. The discovery and recording of archaeological sites and their examination by methods other than the use of the spade and the trowel






22. The exchange of genetic material between maternal and paternal chromosomes - creating a new combination of genes on the chromosome.






23. Specialization in Indus Socs. Not in Tribal Socs (age/gender decides who does what). Amazon tribes specialize though






24. Indians: Tribal villages (farmer class) - religious urban centers (priest class) - TIME/Astronomy/math - pyramids - reptilian gods.






25. Change based on belief in inevitable advance of science and Western secularism. Industrial growth - consolidation of the state - bureaucratization - market economy - tech advances - literacy - social mobility






26. Religion. Most important intellectual development. Flourished b/c of weakening Egypt & annihilation of Hittites (1200BC)






27. Using anthropological expertise on a practical level to understand and alleviate human problems. Eg - Impact of a new agriculture system in a society - causes of illiteracy among adults in a given group






28. Deoxyribonucleic acid; genetic formation in a double-helix; (Watson & Crick)






29. Evaluating other groups according to THEIR standards (not judging)






30. The application of scientific principles to agriculture especially to animal breeding






31. 'Verbal Evaluation - Patterns of Association - symbolic Indicators(wealth/dress/job)'. Haviland






32. Branch of anthropology - systematic and detailed comparison of human races - their origin - distribution - culture - etc.






33. Anthropologist: 12-volume comparative study of Religion (using ethnographic details) - evolution of religion from magic.






34. Ritual in Burma/Thai boy monks 7-14 - 'Jewel Princess'






35. The process through which genes pass from the gene pool of one population through mating and reproduction to that of another.






36. Cradle of mankind. tanzania (30m long) Leakey family (1950s) 7 layers. found tools of habillus and erectus.






37. Lemurs - monkeys - Apes and humans. Prehensile/Grasping hands..Some-opposable thumb - larger males than females. flat fingernails.






38. Communal Ownership of Land. Some ownership - but pastures - forests - mountains - waterways - sacred grounds - are shared






39. Muslim (up to 4 wives by law). Middle East - Asia - North Africa. Native Americans (before European values)






40. Either of 2 sibs - clans - kinship groups - of unilateral descent - that together make up a tribe or society






41. Anthropologist: Pacific Islands(SamoaPolynesia) - cultural effects on development of personality






42. The study of the patterns and distributions of speech sounds in a language and the tacit rules for their pronunciation.






43. Associated with Julian Steward - study of adaptation of social culture to natural resources and other human groups.






44. Describe behavior in terms familiar to the observer (enables comparative research - and making universal claims)






45. Political order (polity) is not a distinct institution - it is embedded in the overall social order. No formal govt






46. Flat/broad nosed primates; New World monkeys






47. 'Upright Man' - An extinct species of the genus Homo - Africa/Europe/Asia. fire and tools. hand ax. early speech.






48. First farming. 9-7k BC. Middle East (Iraq - Iran - Israel etc.) Barley - wheat - sheep - goats. (cows/pigs later). Spread from Middle East north to Europe - Neolithic






49. A polygamous mating system involving one female and many males.






50. <40kya): Regional stone tool industries (Perigordian - Aurignacian - Solutrean - Magdelenian) - More complex - specialized - variety of tools. Regional artistic traditions. Homosapien - Neanderthal - Cro-magnon. Small Sculptures (E. Eur): Small - por