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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 1/2 Founder of Modern Anthropology. After River (more rigor). Studied American Indians (1880s documented) Coined 'Cultural Relativism'. Sat with elders to hear their historic accounts of their culture. [Salvage ethnography]






2. Cholula - Huastec - Mixtec - Olmec - Pipil - Totonac - Toltec - Zapote






3. The children of a parent's siblings of the opposite sex (mother's brothers - father's sisters).






4. 20 century anthropologist.structural-functionalism. primitive societies - Durkhiem






5. Lord owned the land. Allocated land to Nobles (for loyalty/mil service). Serfs/slaves=Actually Part of the Property






6. Shift of population from food production to specialization. Strong sense of ownership of land.






7. Created by repeated pecking at grindstones b/c too smooth to grind red ochre=Macehead (Egypt/Nile Valley)- Neolithic






8. Story with deep explanatory or symbolic resonance for a culture






9. The sum total of the genes carried by the individual members of the population






10. (New Stone Age): 10kya. Domestic animals - villages - pottery - weaving - food producing (not collecting). Holocene. Beginning of real civilization (Final stage of prehistoric cult evol/techno dev)






11. The sex cell of a plant or animal may contain one factor (allele) for different traits but not both factors needed to express the traits

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12. Essential mechanism of evolution proposed by Charles Darwin - and is the process by which those members of a particular species that are better adapted to their environment survive longer and produce more offspring than the poorer adapted.






13. Groups descended from mother or father's line only. (unilateral)






14. The actual time (usually measured in years) as determined by radioactive decay of elements






15. Adenine - guanine - cytosine - thymine that form genetic code.






16. Evaluating other groups according to THEIR standards (not judging)






17. Authority is allocated. Use force to achieve peace & conformance with law & custom - maintain territory against ext threat.






18. Created by Setting upper grindstone at an angle when grinding red ochre=sharp edge=Celt (like a chisel or axe - Egypt)- Neolithic






19. King of Babylon. had law code (discipline - order in society - pessimistic outlook) Sanctioned by the gods






20. Ways to date artifacts






21. Hispanic ritual - 15 yr girl - sneakers to high heel






22. (HG) Personalized - supernatural beings (souls or gods) inhabit ordinary objects and govern their existence. Everything has a soul. Zambia - Congo - Gabon - Guinea - Indonesia - Japan - Laos - Myanmar - Peru - Philippines (+ Canada - Russia - Sweden






23. Ceremonial distrib of property/gifts to affirm social status. Ritual generosity - conspic consump. Wealth used to purchase Prestige. NW Pacific Indian Tribes Haida - Nuxalk - Tlingit - Tsimshian - Salish - Nuu-chah-nulth - and Kwakiutl. Also similar






24. A systematic and detailed description of a particular culture primarily based on fieldwork - direct contact - and qualitive research.






25. Used to date organic remains and rocks from 50 -000yrs ago to present (atomic physics)






26. Animistic/Shamanistic. Animal or other naturalistic figure that spiritually represents a person or a clan (intimate relationship)






27. Ritual in Japan/Samurai - boys 12-16 - temple - adult clothes/hair






28. First used in admin of British Colonies by Northcote Thomas in Nigeria in 1908. 'Age of Enlightenment'/Natural Science






29. By-product of grinding red ochre (magic powers) - Neolithic






30. Indissoluble in Roman Catholic and Hindu. Pueblo Indians: woman simply leaves moccasins on the doorstep (NM -AZ) No divorce allowed in Malta - Philippines. Low divorce rate in Japan. Islam allows but discourages (3x limit)






31. (1940)archaeological prospecting employing electricity and magnetic fields. A method of large-scale oil prospecting: electrical conductivity present in the soil.






32. Yanonamo Village invites another village. Social gathering/political alliances (like dinner party). Yan=deceiptful






33. Holistic study of humanity.






34. Belief of early anthropologist that cultures evolve through various stages from a simpler and more primitive state to a complex and more culturally advanced state.






35. What people SHOULD do according to values and norms






36. The science dealing with the measurement of the human body to determine differences in individuals or groups






37. Using anthropological expertise on a practical level to understand and alleviate human problems. Eg - Impact of a new agriculture system in a society - causes of illiteracy among adults in a given group






38. From Africa to Eurasia (through Himalayas/Silk Road - across straight of Gilbralter.






39. The study of the patterns and distributions of speech sounds in a language and the tacit rules for their pronunciation.






40. Non-industrial socs. People produce own food - but an elite controls a portion of production






41. Technology that Spread east to Indus River Valley (India) by 5k BC






42. Mobile Foragers (Eskimo) combine nuclear families. Don't allow accumulated wealth - prize generosity - equality of resources






43. Relatives through marriage






44. Women are material objects - promised to a man in return for reciprocity (usually another woman - or political alliance






45. The study of how people use language in context - how utterances are used - either figuratively or literally - in communicative acts.






46. Change based on belief in inevitable advance of science and Western secularism. Industrial growth - consolidation of the state - bureaucratization - market economy - tech advances - literacy - social mobility






47. Family that raised you






48. Hawaiian - aroi sun kingdom






49. The 1st in the three stages of the evolution theory developed by Lewis Henry Morgan. (hunter-gatherer - hordes - no class - no ownership).






50. Domestication of plants - gardening using man-powered tools. Labor Intensive/Surplus/Social Stratification