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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Theory that sees society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability. (Talcott Parsons)






2. 'Upright Man' - An extinct species of the genus Homo - Africa/Europe/Asia. fire and tools. hand ax. early speech.






3. 1/2 Founder of Modern Anthropology. Ethnographic fieldwork - reciprocity - Pacific Islands. After Rivers (more rigor) 'Participant Observation'. WWI spent 2 years in Trobriand Islands (Papua New Guinea)






4. The genetic makeup of an organism as indicated by its set of alleles - that determines hereditary potential/limits from embyro to adulthood.






5. Ways to date artifacts






6. Ancestors to modern gorillas - chimpanzees - orangutans and humans who diverged 30 million years ago from monkeys. Characteristics include: large - strong jaw - large brain and partially erect posture.






7. The study of the literal meanings and the interpretation of words.






8. Method of detecting buried features by locating the magnetic disturbances they cause: (1957-58) proton magnetometer - the proton gradiometer - and the fluxgate gradiometer.






9. The non-living world. the area from the surface of earth down to its center.






10. System of symbols - mediate b/n an individual and his world. Way of Life. Make sense of world - motivate behavior






11. Difference in the genes between different species or members of the same species - caused by the varying number of structure of the chromosome. Not all may be observable as phenotypic variations






12. Chavin - Chibcham Chimor - Chachapoya - Huari - Inca - Moche - Nazca - Tairona - Tiwanaku






13. Communal Ownership of Land. Some ownership - but pastures - forests - mountains - waterways - sacred grounds - are shared






14. Giving and receiving are specific as to value of goods - and time of delivery.






15. Penalty for violating moral principle or law. Larger society=more formal sanction






16. Seperation(leave) - Liminality(limbo) - Incorporation(rejoin).






17. Cultural phenom existed for a reason - but persist when conditions change (superstition=vestige of rational practices).






18. Action - research & development - community - advocacy - cultural/social marketing






19. A change or alteration in nitrogenous bases of DNA.






20. 'Verbal Evaluation - Patterns of Association - symbolic Indicators(wealth/dress/job)'. Haviland






21. Focusing efforts to implement positive change in a culture






22. Anthropologist: Survival=Symbolic form of earlier custom (mock battle in nuptial rituals=vestige of actually 'capturing the bride'






23. Relatives through marriage






24. Things all people do the same way (language)






25. Began 5k ya in Mesopotamia - Egypt - possible to create flood control plans. Later in India - China - then Europe.






26. A theory stressing the importance of interdependence among all behavior patterns and institutions within a social system to its long-term survival. (Emile Durkheim)






27. The process of removing earth carefully and systemically from an area in order to find buried remains






28. Social Institutions - not theological - philosophical - or psychological phenomenons






29. Chopper-chopping tool industry (Pebble Industry). Wood -bone -stone tools. Homo Erectus. Hand-Axe (700kya): Abbevillian Industry (France) and later - Acheulian Industry (Eur/Af/As). Flake Stone Tools (flint): Clactonian Industry






30. Transfer of cultural traits/ideas from one society/ethnic group to another. McDonald's (US=Fast Food - China=Special Occasion)






31. Married couple + Kids (incl. Foster - adopted - natural children). Most common form in US.aka Conjugal Family






32. Small segment of DNA that codes for the systhesis (creation) of a specific protein - and thus determines a trait.






33. Using anthropological expertise on a practical level to understand and alleviate human problems. Eg - Impact of a new agriculture system in a society - causes of illiteracy among adults in a given group






34. Closest living animal to modern humans. 96% same DNA.






35. Found Australopathicus skull in 1959. Upright human footprints in 1978






36. The study of the rules for the formation of grammatical sentences in a language.






37. Person is considered equally related to kinfolk on either side of the family. Western Socs. (bilateral)






38. Value of gift and time of repayment are not specified






39. Referring to time as it relates to something older or younger; not exact dates.






40. Spread of innovations in the Cradle of Civilization . Modified: Various centers spread innovation






41. The exchange of genetic material between maternal and paternal chromosomes - creating a new combination of genes on the chromosome.






42. (1940)archaeological prospecting employing electricity and magnetic fields. A method of large-scale oil prospecting: electrical conductivity present in the soil.






43. The skeletal remains of Homo erectus - found at Zhoukoudian - near Peking - China - in the late 1930s and early 1940s and subsequently lost during World War II






44. Strong social prohibition. Abhorrent to society. Eg - Hinduism: killing the co






45. Viewpoint of Anthropologists. Economy that is embedded within other social structures and institutions. Interaction of humans with their environment - methods of 'want' satisfaction. Holistic. Opponents argue that Formalist approach only applies to m






46. Through the mother but DOES NOT imply matriarchy






47. <40kya): Regional stone tool industries (Perigordian - Aurignacian - Solutrean - Magdelenian) - More complex - specialized - variety of tools. Regional artistic traditions. Homosapien - Neanderthal - Cro-magnon. Small Sculptures (E. Eur): Small - por






48. The 3rd in the three stages of the evolution theory developed by Lewis Henry Morgan. Human form of culture. many people in urban center - smelt metals - method of writing.






49. Anthropologist: cross-cultural values






50. Also known as 'biological anthropology -' studies the mechanisms of biological evolution - genetic inheritance - human adaptability and variation - primatology - and the fossil record of human evolution.