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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Spread of something from one group to another






2. 1/2 Founder of Modern Anthropology. After River (more rigor). Studied American Indians (1880s documented) Coined 'Cultural Relativism'. Sat with elders to hear their historic accounts of their culture. [Salvage ethnography]






3. Half way b/n tribe and a state. Permanent political structure. Transitional form of sociopol org in evolution of tribe to state






4. King of Babylon. had law code (discipline - order in society - pessimistic outlook) Sanctioned by the gods






5. Describe behavior in terms familiar to the observer (enables comparative research - and making universal claims)






6. A change or alteration in nitrogenous bases of DNA.






7. (New Stone Age): 10kya. Domestic animals - villages - pottery - weaving - food producing (not collecting). Holocene. Beginning of real civilization (Final stage of prehistoric cult evol/techno dev)






8. The subfield of anthropology that focuses on variations in cultural behaviors among human populations






9. German archeologists who discovered the site of Troy in the late 1800's






10. The study of the rules for the formation of grammatical sentences in a language.






11. Political order (polity) is not a distinct institution - it is embedded in the overall social order. No formal govt






12. Spread from Middle East north to Europe (across Turkey/Greece into C. Eur. AND across Egypt/N Afr to Spain).Britain and Scandinavia became farming after 3k BC (Mesolithic Period).- Neolithic






13. Plants and animals all evolved over a long period of time from simple into more complex life forms. (Darwin)






14. Indians: Tribal villages (farmer class) - religious urban centers (priest class) - TIME/Astronomy/math - pyramids - reptilian gods.






15. A type of agricultural activity based on nomadic animal husbandry or the raising of livestock to provide food - clothing - and shelter.






16. Created by repeated pecking at grindstones b/c too smooth to grind red ochre=Macehead (Egypt/Nile Valley)- Neolithic






17. Viewpoint of Anthropologists. Economy that is embedded within other social structures and institutions. Interaction of humans with their environment - methods of 'want' satisfaction. Holistic. Opponents argue that Formalist approach only applies to m






18. Wheat - barley - flax began in Asia. Entered Africa through Nile Delta (Egypt). One form of wheat began in Ethiopia. - Neolithic






19. Cohesive set of myths (religion/belief system)






20. Set of rights and obligations inherent in a social position.






21. Through the mother but DOES NOT imply matriarchy






22. Animistic/Shamanistic. Animal or other naturalistic figure that spiritually represents a person or a clan (intimate relationship)






23. Old Stone Age. 2.5 mya - 2kya. Chipped stone tools. earliest human ancestors. pleistocene.






24. The children of a parent's siblings of the opposite sex (mother's brothers - father's sisters).






25. The application of Charles Darwin's ideas about evolution and 'survival of the fittest' to human societies - particularly as justification for United States expansion. (white man's burden)






26. Chavin - Chibcham Chimor - Chachapoya - Huari - Inca - Moche - Nazca - Tairona - Tiwanaku






27. Structionalism. Amazon tribe. ethnographic.






28. A process in which chromosomes physically exchange parts.






29. The skeletal remains of Homo erectus - found at Zhoukoudian - near Peking - China - in the late 1930s and early 1940s and subsequently lost during World War II






30. Social Institutions - not theological - philosophical - or psychological phenomenons






31. Refined the Flake Stone Tools (flint): Mousterian Industry. Neanderthal Man.






32. Pueblco - Fremont - Missisippian






33. The school of thought developed by the French anthropologist Claude Levi-Strauss - in which cultures - viewed as systems - are analyzed in terms of the structural relations among their elements. Referring to mental structure.






34. Species of people that inhabited much of Europe and the Mediterranean lands c. 200 -000-28 -000 years ago. The name derives from the discovery in 1856 of remains in a cave above Germany's Neander Valley. Neanderthals were short - stout - and powerful






35. Africa: Jackals=Dogs. Donkeys - cats. (entered religious thought - animistic philosphy of Egypt) - Neolithic






36. Family that raised you






37. Found Australopathicus skull in 1959. Upright human footprints in 1978






38. Essential mechanism of evolution proposed by Charles Darwin - and is the process by which those members of a particular species that are better adapted to their environment survive longer and produce more offspring than the poorer adapted.






39. 1/2 Founder of Modern Anthropology. Ethnographic fieldwork - reciprocity - Pacific Islands. After Rivers (more rigor) 'Participant Observation'. WWI spent 2 years in Trobriand Islands (Papua New Guinea)






40. Category of individuals who enjoy equal prestige according to a society. (Perception of class is relative). Economics - social status - aesthetic preferences - behavior - occupation - appearance - civic involvement






41. The science dealing with the measurement of the human body to determine differences in individuals or groups






42. Scarcity - Supply & Demand - Self-interest - personal gain - rational decision-making. Economy can be analyzed independent of other social structures and institutions.Emph: Choice of Indiv actor






43. Using a radioactive process to determine the age of an item. millions of years.






44. Domestication of plants - gardening using man-powered tools. Labor Intensive/Surplus/Social Stratification






45. Identifying impact of federal development on archaeological sites and historical buildings






46. The study of how people use language in context - how utterances are used - either figuratively or literally - in communicative acts.






47. An impersonal supernatural force that flows in and out of people and objects






48. <40kya): Regional stone tool industries (Perigordian - Aurignacian - Solutrean - Magdelenian) - More complex - specialized - variety of tools. Regional artistic traditions. Homosapien - Neanderthal - Cro-magnon. Small Sculptures (E. Eur): Small - por






49. The archaeology of ancient Greece and Rome






50. A polygamous mating system involving one female and many males.