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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The aspect of archaeology that deals with the past of man before he learned to write has - since the middle of the 19th century - aka prehistory.






2. The study of the literal meanings and the interpretation of words.






3. Cohesive set of myths (religion/belief system)






4. Food foragers (in-sync with env - see themselves as a harmonious part of natural world).






5. The actual time (usually measured in years) as determined by radioactive decay of elements






6. Social Movements to build an ideology that is relevant to changing cultural needs (their understanding of world). Eg: Melanesian Cargo Cults - or Mormonism in the US (Joseph Smith)






7. The children of a parent's siblings of the opposite sex (mother's brothers - father's sisters).






8. A homo erectus discovered by Dutch physician and anatomist Eugene Dubois in 1891 in JAVA Indonesia -






9. Person is considered equally related to kinfolk on either side of the family. Western Socs. (bilateral)






10. Species of people that inhabited much of Europe and the Mediterranean lands c. 200 -000-28 -000 years ago. The name derives from the discovery in 1856 of remains in a cave above Germany's Neander Valley. Neanderthals were short - stout - and powerful






11. Ceremonial distrib of property/gifts to affirm social status. Ritual generosity - conspic consump. Wealth used to purchase Prestige. NW Pacific Indian Tribes Haida - Nuxalk - Tlingit - Tsimshian - Salish - Nuu-chah-nulth - and Kwakiutl. Also similar






12. Women are material objects - promised to a man in return for reciprocity (usually another woman - or political alliance






13. Ritual in Japan/Samurai - boys 12-16 - temple - adult clothes/hair






14. Shorthand - Morse Code






15. Created by Setting upper grindstone at an angle when grinding red ochre=sharp edge=Celt (like a chisel or axe - Egypt)- Neolithic






16. 1/2 Founder of Modern Anthropology. After River (more rigor). Studied American Indians (1880s documented) Coined 'Cultural Relativism'. Sat with elders to hear their historic accounts of their culture. [Salvage ethnography]






17. A process in which chromosomes physically exchange parts.






18. Personal quirks: Get up at certain time - order of getting dressed - etc






19. Focusing efforts to implement positive change in a culture






20. Closest living animal to modern humans. 96% same DNA.






21. The study of the rules for the formation of grammatical sentences in a language.






22. Spread of something from one group to another






23. Evaluate other groups according to OUR OWN standards (judging)






24. Hawaiian - aroi sun kingdom






25. Animistic/Shamanistic. Animal or other naturalistic figure that spiritually represents a person or a clan (intimate relationship)






26. Not universal. Evolved in last 10k years (surplus food - development of states). States are political system most likely to go to war






27. The sex cell of a plant or animal may contain one factor (allele) for different traits but not both factors needed to express the traits

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28. (Reverence): Most rituals mark day - month - season - year - stage of life - new event. Burial Rituals found from 20kya






29. The school of thought developed by the French anthropologist Claude Levi-Strauss - in which cultures - viewed as systems - are analyzed in terms of the structural relations among their elements. Referring to mental structure.






30. The study of how people use language in context - how utterances are used - either figuratively or literally - in communicative acts.






31. Giving and receiving are specific as to value of goods - and time of delivery.






32. The subfield of anthropology that focuses on variations in cultural behaviors among human populations






33. (HG) Personalized - supernatural beings (souls or gods) inhabit ordinary objects and govern their existence. Everything has a soul. Zambia - Congo - Gabon - Guinea - Indonesia - Japan - Laos - Myanmar - Peru - Philippines (+ Canada - Russia - Sweden






34. Anthropologist: reciprocity - gift economy - Durkheim's nephew






35. The 1st in the three stages of the evolution theory developed by Lewis Henry Morgan. (hunter-gatherer - hordes - no class - no ownership).






36. New family you form when you marry and have children.






37. Religion. Most important intellectual development. Flourished b/c of weakening Egypt & annihilation of Hittites (1200BC)






38. Non-industrial socs. People produce own food - but an elite controls a portion of production






39. (geology) the principle that in a series of stratified sedimentary rocks the lowest stratum is the oldest






40. Melanesia (SW Pacific WWII+). Western goods created by ancestral spirits (intended for them - but controlled by whites).






41. A subdivision within the primate order based on shared anatomical characteristics that larger brains - binocular vision - parental care - longer gestational period - slower maturation.






42. Permanent formal government structures and socioeconomic stratification. Most people in world's society. Autonomous political units - social classes - Formal govt based on Law - social status - population control - judges - law enf - fiscal.






43. Milan (1957) probe penetrates burial chambers and photographs walls and contents.






44. (Middle Stone Age): 10kya. Hunter/Gatherer (w/ fish). Baskets - Pots - - harpoons - canoes - store food. Holocene. Not much development in art - focused on inventions - diversification of subsistence strategies






45. Common in non-intensive food production. Villages=Various descent groups (clans/bands) - no formal govt or social classes.






46. Thinkers: linguistics






47. By-product of grinding red ochre (magic powers) - Neolithic






48. Position from which members engage in social practices. (Sociology focuses on interrelationship/effect of status






49. The sum total of the genes carried by the individual members of the population






50. Found Australopathicus skull in 1959. Upright human footprints in 1978