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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Began 5k ya in Mesopotamia - Egypt - possible to create flood control plans. Later in India - China - then Europe.






2. The process by which a living organism adapts to its environment.






3. (Reverence): Most rituals mark day - month - season - year - stage of life - new event. Burial Rituals found from 20kya






4. Evaluate other groups according to OUR OWN standards (judging)






5. Spread of something from one group to another






6. Person is considered equally related to kinfolk on either side of the family. Western Socs. (bilateral)






7. The discovery and recording of archaeological sites and their examination by methods other than the use of the spade and the trowel






8. Hypertrophic horticulture among large populations






9. Goods flow to central place - and are distributed again (Eg -US Tax System). Reqs strong central political organization. Sometimes Prestige is derived from giving away valuables






10. Provisional sampling cuts to explore potential excavation sites. Tigris/Euphrates flooded regularly so hard to navigate.






11. A polygamous mating system involving one female and many males.






12. Early humans and human like creature. Erect - large complex brain - tool-using - community organization.






13. Domestication of plants - gardening using man-powered tools. Labor Intensive/Surplus/Social Stratification






14. Holistic study of humanity.






15. Used to date organic remains and rocks from 50 -000yrs ago to present (atomic physics)






16. Catarrhini (hooked nose). Asia - Africa - Europe. large mammals. ground dwellers. carniverous. harems/sexual dimorphism. non-prehensile tails (baboons - macaque - proboscic monkey.






17. Invented smelting of iron






18. Family that raised you






19. Exchange of goods/services/gifts/emotions b/n two parties. Often ritual/ceremony. Characteristic of HG groups






20. Primary form of support for existing political leadership. Based on internal values of the people - not so much coercion






21. Anthropologist: (early 1900s): Culture = combination of universals - alternatives - specialties - individual peculiarities. The Study of Man (1936) and The Tree of Culture (1955)






22. Study of human activity and cultures through material remains. non-natural science. half science - half humanity. Fills in gaps in human history.






23. Traces back to ONE person






24. Half way b/n tribe and a state. Permanent political structure. Transitional form of sociopol org in evolution of tribe to state






25. Difference in the genes between different species or members of the same species - caused by the varying number of structure of the chromosome. Not all may be observable as phenotypic variations






26. The skeletal remains of Homo erectus - found at Zhoukoudian - near Peking - China - in the late 1930s and early 1940s and subsequently lost during World War II






27. 'Upright Man' - An extinct species of the genus Homo - Africa/Europe/Asia. fire and tools. hand ax. early speech.






28. Anthropologist: 12-volume comparative study of Religion (using ethnographic details) - evolution of religion from magic.






29. Penalty for violating moral principle or law. Larger society=more formal sanction






30. Africa: Jackals=Dogs. Donkeys - cats. (entered religious thought - animistic philosphy of Egypt) - Neolithic






31. The study of the principles and rules that regulate word structure in language.






32. Random change in allele frequencies that occurs in small populations. Sewall-Wright effect






33. Indissoluble in Roman Catholic and Hindu. Pueblo Indians: woman simply leaves moccasins on the doorstep (NM -AZ) No divorce allowed in Malta - Philippines. Low divorce rate in Japan. Islam allows but discourages (3x limit)






34. Cluster of 3 or more sibs - clans - kinship groups considered a single unit (but retain sep IDs within) - Native Americans: Used animal sign to ID (Tlingit Tribe: Matri] - Intermarriage b/n phratries was mandated)






35. Fixed at birth - unchangeable - endogamous. India: Brahmins - warriors - artisans - laborers (then untouchables)






36. Based on institutionalized beliefs and practices dealing with ultimate meaning of life. Belief stems from their experience of the world.






37. Describe behavior in terms familiar to the observer (enables comparative research - and making universal claims)






38. The application of Charles Darwin's ideas about evolution and 'survival of the fittest' to human societies - particularly as justification for United States expansion. (white man's burden)






39. The subfield of anthropology that focuses on variations in cultural behaviors among human populations






40. Marks change in social or sexual status. Birth - Circumcision - Coming of Age - Wedding - Menopause - Death






41. Transfer of cultural traits/ideas from one society/ethnic group to another. McDonald's (US=Fast Food - China=Special Occasion)






42. Milan (1957) probe penetrates burial chambers and photographs walls and contents.






43. Also known as 'biological anthropology -' studies the mechanisms of biological evolution - genetic inheritance - human adaptability and variation - primatology - and the fossil record of human evolution.






44. Lord owned the land. Allocated land to Nobles (for loyalty/mil service). Serfs/slaves=Actually Part of the Property






45. African CLICK language speakers. (click also used in Bantu - Zulu - Xhosa - Damin)






46. A homo erectus discovered by Dutch physician and anatomist Eugene Dubois in 1891 in JAVA Indonesia -






47. Large neolithic farming village in Turkey during 6700 B.C. - 5700 B.C.






48. The sum total of the genes carried by the individual members of the population






49. Giving and receiving are specific as to value of goods - and time of delivery.






50. Social Institutions - not theological - philosophical - or psychological phenomenons