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DSST General Anthropology
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Subjects
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dsst
,
anthropology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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1. Spread of innovations in the Cradle of Civilization . Modified: Various centers spread innovation
Symbol
Egyptian diffusion
Birth of Anthropology
Fieldwork
2. Spread of something from one group to another
Diffusion
Genetic drift
Class
Pacific indians
3. Common ancestor. Endogamy forbidden (regarded as incest). Can be Matriclan/Patriclan
Clan
Qualitative Research
Fieldwork
Functionalism
4. Structionalism. Amazon tribe. ethnographic.
Unilineal Descent
Assyrians
Levi-Strauss
Social impact assessment
5. Scarcity - Supply & Demand - Self-interest - personal gain - rational decision-making. Economy can be analyzed independent of other social structures and institutions.Emph: Choice of Indiv actor
exogamy
Mesopotamia
Sondages
Formal Economics
6. Viewpoint of Anthropologists. Economy that is embedded within other social structures and institutions. Interaction of humans with their environment - methods of 'want' satisfaction. Holistic. Opponents argue that Formalist approach only applies to m
Substantive Economics
Natural selection
Myth
Kindred
7. Anthropologist: How natives think - mystic participation
Symbol
Levy-Bruhl
Genetic drift
Phases of rituals
8. Invented smelting of iron
American farming
Assyrians
Relative time
Hittites
9. Any agent (physical or environmental) that can induce a genetic mutation or can increase the rate of mutation
Cultivation
Mutagen
Policy Research
Animism
10. Ritual in Japan/Samurai - boys 12-16 - temple - adult clothes/hair
Production
Social Darwinism
Genpuku
Reciprocity
11. 'Upright Man' - An extinct species of the genus Homo - Africa/Europe/Asia. fire and tools. hand ax. early speech.
Cultural Resource Assessment
Real Culture
War
Homo Erectus
12. The sex cell of a plant or animal may contain one factor (allele) for different traits but not both factors needed to express the traits
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13. (Middle Stone Age): 10kya. Hunter/Gatherer (w/ fish). Baskets - Pots - - harpoons - canoes - store food. Holocene. Not much development in art - focused on inventions - diversification of subsistence strategies
Neolithic Period
Marx - Freud - & Saussure
Myth
Mesolithic Period
14. Thinker. functionalism. religion. suicide
Benedict
Emile Durkheim
Cargo Cult
Greeks
15. The subfield of anthropology that focuses on variations in cultural behaviors among human populations
Mesopotamia
Cultural Anthropology
Relative time
Shaman
16. Change based on belief in inevitable advance of science and Western secularism. Industrial growth - consolidation of the state - bureaucratization - market economy - tech advances - literacy - social mobility
Modernization
Ethnology
Status
Conspicuous Consumption
17. Early anthropologists such as E.B. Taylor and J.G. Frazer in England who worked mostly with materials collected by others - usually missionaries - traders - explorers - or colonial officials.
Armchair Anthropologists
Cargo Cult
Yanomamo Feasting
Cultural Resource Assessment
18. Associated with Julian Steward - study of adaptation of social culture to natural resources and other human groups.
Elsie Parsons
Cultural Ecology
Physical Anthropology
culture
19. Melanesia (SW Pacific WWII+). Western goods created by ancestral spirits (intended for them - but controlled by whites).
Cargo Cult
phenotype
Yanomamo Feasting
Fieldwork
20. Traces back to ONE person
Lineage
Phonetics
Kindred
Ethnography
21. Marriage within one's own tribe or group as required by custom or law
Redistribution
Sumerians
endogamy
Totem
22. (HG) Personalized - supernatural beings (souls or gods) inhabit ordinary objects and govern their existence. Everything has a soul. Zambia - Congo - Gabon - Guinea - Indonesia - Japan - Laos - Myanmar - Peru - Philippines (+ Canada - Russia - Sweden
Gene
Stratigraphy
Central American indians
Animism
23. A social bond based on common ancestry - marriage - or adoption
Revitalization
Status
Kinship
Mendel's third principle of genetics
24. (3k BC) Spread copper tools to Sudan - but rest of Africa passed directly from Mesolithic to Iron Age. Theocracy government. (Bronze age)
Gene pool
Civilization
Egypt
Morphology
25. Penalty for violating moral principle or law. Larger society=more formal sanction
Margaret Mead
James George Frazer
Levy-Bruhl
Sanction
26. Anthropologist: formation of personalities
Benedict
pastoralism
Generalized Reciprocity
Functionalism
27. Ways to date artifacts
Referencial Symbol
Dating methods
Australopithecus
Sanction
28. Ancestors to modern gorillas - chimpanzees - orangutans and humans who diverged 30 million years ago from monkeys. Characteristics include: large - strong jaw - large brain and partially erect posture.
Dead Sea scrolls
Moieties
Condensed Symbol
homonoids
29. Marks change in social or sexual status. Birth - Circumcision - Coming of Age - Wedding - Menopause - Death
Bronze Age
Real Culture
Rite of passage
War
30. All cultures accept. But only 20% of societies are considered strictly monogamous (one marriage per lifetime)
Genetic Recombination
Monogamy
Marx - Freud - & Saussure
Hunter/Gatherers
31. Method of detecting buried features by locating the magnetic disturbances they cause: (1957-58) proton magnetometer - the proton gradiometer - and the fluxgate gradiometer.
WG Rivers
Social Class Manifestation
Social Darwinism
Magnetic prospecting
32. Large neolithic farming village in Turkey during 6700 B.C. - 5700 B.C.
Rite of passage
polyandry
Catal Huyak
Relative time
33. Things all people do the same way (language)
Yanomamo Feasting
Mayan indians
Universalities
Egyptian diffusion
34. 40 -000 to 8000 B.C. homo sapiens. Found in France. Brain size 1 -400cc. Created art. paleolithic.
Cro-Magnon
Homonids
Nistri periscope
Cultural relativism
35. Anthropologist: 12-volume comparative study of Religion (using ethnographic details) - evolution of religion from magic.
Allele
Social impact assessment
Gens
James George Frazer
36. All the knowledge and values shared by a society
Egyptology
culture
Symbol
New World monkeys
37. Social Movements to build an ideology that is relevant to changing cultural needs (their understanding of world). Eg: Melanesian Cargo Cults - or Mormonism in the US (Joseph Smith)
Kinship
Barbarism
Revitalization
Peking Man
38. From Africa to Eurasia (through Himalayas/Silk Road - across straight of Gilbralter.
Migration of Erectus
Status
Mutagen
Archaeology
39. Marriage to a person belonging to a tribe or group other than your own as required by custom or law
Natural selection
exogamy
Chromosome
Egyptology
40. The school of thought developed by the French anthropologist Claude Levi-Strauss - in which cultures - viewed as systems - are analyzed in terms of the structural relations among their elements. Referring to mental structure.
Specialities
Morphology
Structuralism
Relative time
41. Ancient Hebrew manuscripts hidden in clay jars in caves near Qumran by the Dead Sea that were discovered accidentally by Bedouin while looking for a stray animal in 1947..
polyandry
State
Dead Sea scrolls
Homo Habilis
42. (geology) the principle that in a series of stratified sedimentary rocks the lowest stratum is the oldest
Market Exchange
husbandry
Superposition
Radcliffe-Brown
43. Shift of population from food production to specialization. Strong sense of ownership of land.
State
Poy Tang Lon
Industrialization
Applied Anthropology
44. Perform Rituals in belief that ancestors will recognize their own people and make very valuable cargo come (utopian/millenial). John Frum
Chiefdom
Cargo Cult
Quinceanera
Ethnography
45. Lemurs - monkeys - Apes and humans. Prehensile/Grasping hands..Some-opposable thumb - larger males than females. flat fingernails.
primates
Java Man
Austrailia indians
Electromagnetic prospecting
46. Theory that sees society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability. (Talcott Parsons)
Structural-functional
Applied Anthropology
polished stone
Functionalism
47. Describe behavior in insider/natives own terms. Actor's own reasons - interpretations - customs - beliefs
Specialities
Hammurabi
polished stone
Emic perspective
48. Closest living animal to modern humans. 96% same DNA.
Homo Erectus
chimpanzee
Franz Boas
Functionalism
49. Cluster of 3 or more sibs - clans - kinship groups considered a single unit (but retain sep IDs within) - Native Americans: Used animal sign to ID (Tlingit Tribe: Matri] - Intermarriage b/n phratries was mandated)
Neolithic Period
EB Tylor
Mary Douglas Leakey
Phratry
50. The linguistic hypothesis holds that language predisposes us to see the world in a certain way was developed by these two.
Sapir-Whorf
radiometric dating
Individual Peculiarities
Animal domestication
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