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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Anthropologist: Pacific Islands(SamoaPolynesia) - cultural effects on development of personality






2. Pueblco - Fremont - Missisippian






3. The exchange of genetic material between maternal and paternal chromosomes - creating a new combination of genes on the chromosome.






4. Primary form of support for existing political leadership. Based on internal values of the people - not so much coercion






5. Based on institutionalized beliefs and practices dealing with ultimate meaning of life. Belief stems from their experience of the world.






6. Cradle of mankind. tanzania (30m long) Leakey family (1950s) 7 layers. found tools of habillus and erectus.






7. Thinker. functionalism. religion. suicide






8. Hispanic ritual - 15 yr girl - sneakers to high heel






9. The school of thought developed by the French anthropologist Claude Levi-Strauss - in which cultures - viewed as systems - are analyzed in terms of the structural relations among their elements. Referring to mental structure.






10. Social Movements to build an ideology that is relevant to changing cultural needs (their understanding of world). Eg: Melanesian Cargo Cults - or Mormonism in the US (Joseph Smith)






11. Person is considered equally related to kinfolk on either side of the family. Western Socs. (bilateral)






12. Ancient Hebrew manuscripts hidden in clay jars in caves near Qumran by the Dead Sea that were discovered accidentally by Bedouin while looking for a stray animal in 1947..






13. Study of human activity and cultures through material remains. non-natural science. half science - half humanity. Fills in gaps in human history.






14. Theory that sees society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability. (Talcott Parsons)






15. The discovery and recording of archaeological sites and their examination by methods other than the use of the spade and the trowel






16. Yanonamo Village invites another village. Social gathering/political alliances (like dinner party). Yan=deceiptful






17. Ritual of Greek Citizenship






18. Refined the Flake Stone Tools (flint): Mousterian Industry. Neanderthal Man.






19. Change based on belief in inevitable advance of science and Western secularism. Industrial growth - consolidation of the state - bureaucratization - market economy - tech advances - literacy - social mobility






20. What people ACTUALLY do in everyday - real life interactio






21. Women are material objects - promised to a man in return for reciprocity (usually another woman - or political alliance






22. A type of agricultural activity based on nomadic animal husbandry or the raising of livestock to provide food - clothing - and shelter.






23. The study of the patterns and distributions of speech sounds in a language and the tacit rules for their pronunciation.






24. Early humans and human like creature. Erect - large complex brain - tool-using - community organization.






25. First used in admin of British Colonies by Northcote Thomas in Nigeria in 1908. 'Age of Enlightenment'/Natural Science






26. Logic/Observation (not gods). Thales - Xenophanes - Pyhtagorus - Hippocrates. Differed from Near Eastern thought.






27. Cluster of 3 or more sibs - clans - kinship groups considered a single unit (but retain sep IDs within) - Native Americans: Used animal sign to ID (Tlingit Tribe: Matri] - Intermarriage b/n phratries was mandated)






28. Ancestors to modern gorillas - chimpanzees - orangutans and humans who diverged 30 million years ago from monkeys. Characteristics include: large - strong jaw - large brain and partially erect posture.






29. The elementary structure. all cultural systems are built is a set of four types of organically linked relationships: brother/sister - husband/wife - father/son - and mother's brother/sister's son. (Levi-Strauss).






30. The sum total of the genes carried by the individual members of the population






31. States (see themselves as manipulating their environment - controlling it - dominating it - for self-interest).






32. Giving and receiving are specific as to value of goods - and time of delivery.






33. Primitive people. Some people have special power - middlemen b/n man and god. Performs ritual magic to save tribe in trouble






34. Authority is allocated. Use force to achieve peace & conformance with law & custom - maintain territory against ext threat.






35. (geology) the principle that in a series of stratified sedimentary rocks the lowest stratum is the oldest






36. Groups descended from mother or father's line only. (unilateral)






37. Either of 2 sibs - clans - kinship groups - of unilateral descent - that together make up a tribe or society






38. Married couple + Kids (incl. Foster - adopted - natural children). Most common form in US.aka Conjugal Family






39. Communal Ownership of Land. Some ownership - but pastures - forests - mountains - waterways - sacred grounds - are shared






40. Structionalism. Amazon tribe. ethnographic.






41. Not universal. Evolved in last 10k years (surplus food - development of states). States are political system most likely to go to war






42. All the knowledge and values shared by a society






43. Anthropologist: After armchair anthro...embarked on early anthro expeditions (not scientifically rigorous).






44. Species of people that inhabited much of Europe and the Mediterranean lands c. 200 -000-28 -000 years ago. The name derives from the discovery in 1856 of remains in a cave above Germany's Neander Valley. Neanderthals were short - stout - and powerful






45. World's first cities appeared between the years 4000 and 3500 BC.






46. (Middle Stone Age): 10kya. Hunter/Gatherer (w/ fish). Baskets - Pots - - harpoons - canoes - store food. Holocene. Not much development in art - focused on inventions - diversification of subsistence strategies






47. A homo erectus discovered by Dutch physician and anatomist Eugene Dubois in 1891 in JAVA Indonesia -






48. Fixed at birth - unchangeable - endogamous. India: Brahmins - warriors - artisans - laborers (then untouchables)






49. Mexico - sun/war/civilization gods - subord women - human sacrifice - cannibalism - time/calendars. Caste system - architecture - learning and the arts - polytheistic - pictorial alphabet






50. Consists of social impact assessment - evaluation research - technology development research - cultural resource assessment