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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Structionalism. Amazon tribe. ethnographic.






2. Set of rights and obligations inherent in a social position.






3. 1/2 Founder of Modern Anthropology. After River (more rigor). Studied American Indians (1880s documented) Coined 'Cultural Relativism'. Sat with elders to hear their historic accounts of their culture. [Salvage ethnography]






4. Evaluate other groups according to OUR OWN standards (judging)






5. Anthropologist: symbolic anthropology. Interpretation of cultures.






6. Platyrrhini - south america - small mammals - tree dwellers - prehensile tails - noctural - monogamous (gibbons - marmosets)






7. Anthropologist: reciprocity - gift economy - Durkheim's nephew






8. The actual time (usually measured in years) as determined by radioactive decay of elements






9. Anthropologist: How natives think - mystic participation






10. Ceremonial distrib of property/gifts to affirm social status. Ritual generosity - conspic consump. Wealth used to purchase Prestige. NW Pacific Indian Tribes Haida - Nuxalk - Tlingit - Tsimshian - Salish - Nuu-chah-nulth - and Kwakiutl. Also similar






11. Development of Civilizations: Copper & Tin=Bronze. Replaced stone for tools/weapons






12. A group of sexually reproducing individuals (of the same species) mating with each other and sharing a common gene pool.






13. Relatives through marriage






14. Thinkers: linguistics






15. All the knowledge and values shared by a society






16. The linguistic hypothesis holds that language predisposes us to see the world in a certain way was developed by these two.






17. (3k BC) Spread copper tools to Sudan - but rest of Africa passed directly from Mesolithic to Iron Age. Theocracy government. (Bronze age)






18. Anthrpologist: Arapaho - archeo/anthro. preservation of Indian tribal culture. salvage ethnography. student of Boas.






19. Anthropologist: Pacific Islands(SamoaPolynesia) - cultural effects on development of personality






20. A social bond based on common ancestry - marriage - or adoption






21. One of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic - such as hair color






22. First used in admin of British Colonies by Northcote Thomas in Nigeria in 1908. 'Age of Enlightenment'/Natural Science






23. Half way b/n tribe and state. Kin-based. Permanent group-based differencesin access to resources. Permanent Political Structure






24. Primary form of support for existing political leadership. Based on internal values of the people - not so much coercion






25. Anthropologist: cross-cultural values






26. The study of the literal meanings and the interpretation of words.






27. Not universal. Evolved in last 10k years (surplus food - development of states). States are political system most likely to go to war






28. Chopper-chopping tool industry (Pebble Industry). Wood -bone -stone tools. Homo Erectus. Hand-Axe (700kya): Abbevillian Industry (France) and later - Acheulian Industry (Eur/Af/As). Flake Stone Tools (flint): Clactonian Industry






29. Indissoluble in Roman Catholic and Hindu. Pueblo Indians: woman simply leaves moccasins on the doorstep (NM -AZ) No divorce allowed in Malta - Philippines. Low divorce rate in Japan. Islam allows but discourages (3x limit)






30. (some people do it differently) Sex roles - religion - age roles






31. Ancient Roman patrilineal clan that shared the same surname - and a legendary common ancestor (worshipped)






32. Eg - Barter. Scarce goods from one group are exchanged for desirable goods from another group. Giver tries to come out on top. Ultimate form = taking by force.






33. Chavin - Chibcham Chimor - Chachapoya - Huari - Inca - Moche - Nazca - Tairona - Tiwanaku






34. The process by which a living organism adapts to its environment.






35. Technology that Spread east to Indus River Valley (India) by 5k BC






36. Skipped Bronze Age. Intermediate Neolithic tools were used instead (Zaire - Ghana). But not in Kenya (no celts - axes etc)






37. Determining the success of a project






38. A homo erectus discovered by Dutch physician and anatomist Eugene Dubois in 1891 in JAVA Indonesia -






39. Plants and animals all evolved over a long period of time from simple into more complex life forms. (Darwin)






40. A larger collection of DNA that contains many genes and the support proteins needed to control these genes.






41. Closest living animal to modern humans. 96% same DNA.






42. Position from which members engage in social practices. (Sociology focuses on interrelationship/effect of status






43. Exchange of goods/services/gifts/emotions b/n two parties. Often ritual/ceremony. Characteristic of HG groups






44. A subdivision within the primate order based on shared anatomical characteristics that larger brains - binocular vision - parental care - longer gestational period - slower maturation.






45. The 2nd in the three stages of the evolution theory developed by Lewis Henry Morgan. (Domestication of animals - cultivation)






46. Each inherited characteristic is determined by two heredity factors/genes - one from each parent - which determines whether a gene will be dominant or recessive.

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47. Fixed at birth - unchangeable - endogamous. India: Brahmins - warriors - artisans - laborers (then untouchables)






48. Shift of population from food production to specialization. Strong sense of ownership of land.






49. Marriage within one's own tribe or group as required by custom or law






50. Person is considered equally related to kinfolk on either side of the family. Western Socs. (bilateral)