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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The study of the principles and rules that regulate word structure in language.






2. Primitive people. Some people have special power - middlemen b/n man and god. Performs ritual magic to save tribe in trouble






3. (HG) Personalized - supernatural beings (souls or gods) inhabit ordinary objects and govern their existence. Everything has a soul. Zambia - Congo - Gabon - Guinea - Indonesia - Japan - Laos - Myanmar - Peru - Philippines (+ Canada - Russia - Sweden






4. USA/Mexico/C. Am. Corn (maize) - beans - squash 6500BC (village life not until 2k BC).- Neolithic






5. Provisional sampling cuts to explore potential excavation sites. Tigris/Euphrates flooded regularly so hard to navigate.






6. Plants and animals all evolved over a long period of time from simple into more complex life forms. (Darwin)






7. Family that raised you






8. Holistic study of humanity.






9. Branch of anthropology - systematic and detailed comparison of human races - their origin - distribution - culture - etc.






10. The discovery and recording of archaeological sites and their examination by methods other than the use of the spade and the trowel






11. Either of 2 sibs - clans - kinship groups - of unilateral descent - that together make up a tribe or society






12. Man marries widow of his dead brother






13. Theory that sees society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability. (Talcott Parsons)






14. Large neolithic farming village in Turkey during 6700 B.C. - 5700 B.C.






15. By-product of grinding red ochre (magic powers) - Neolithic






16. Small segment of DNA that codes for the systhesis (creation) of a specific protein - and thus determines a trait.






17. Describe behavior in terms familiar to the observer (enables comparative research - and making universal claims)






18. Old Stone Age. 2.5 mya - 2kya. Chipped stone tools. earliest human ancestors. pleistocene.






19. Marks change in social or sexual status. Birth - Circumcision - Coming of Age - Wedding - Menopause - Death






20. Mexico - sun/war/civilization gods - subord women - human sacrifice - cannibalism - time/calendars. Caste system - architecture - learning and the arts - polytheistic - pictorial alphabet






21. Buying/selling goods & Services with prices set by supply & demand. (usually involves money). Haviland: Informal v. Formal (govt controlled)






22. Chavin - Chibcham Chimor - Chachapoya - Huari - Inca - Moche - Nazca - Tairona - Tiwanaku






23. Study of human activity and cultures through material remains. non-natural science. half science - half humanity. Fills in gaps in human history.






24. The observable characteristics of an organism - including physical appearance.






25. First used in admin of British Colonies by Northcote Thomas in Nigeria in 1908. 'Age of Enlightenment'/Natural Science






26. <40kya): Regional stone tool industries (Perigordian - Aurignacian - Solutrean - Magdelenian) - More complex - specialized - variety of tools. Regional artistic traditions. Homosapien - Neanderthal - Cro-magnon. Small Sculptures (E. Eur): Small - por






27. Ritual of Greek Citizenship






28. The aspect of archaeology that deals with the past of man before he learned to write has - since the middle of the 19th century - aka prehistory.






29. One of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic - such as hair color






30. Indians: Tribal villages (farmer class) - religious urban centers (priest class) - TIME/Astronomy/math - pyramids - reptilian gods.






31. Catarrhini (hooked nose). Asia - Africa - Europe. large mammals. ground dwellers. carniverous. harems/sexual dimorphism. non-prehensile tails (baboons - macaque - proboscic monkey.






32. A systematic and detailed description of a particular culture primarily based on fieldwork - direct contact - and qualitive research.






33. Strong social prohibition. Abhorrent to society. Eg - Hinduism: killing the co






34. Common in non-intensive food production. Villages=Various descent groups (clans/bands) - no formal govt or social classes.






35. Indissoluble in Roman Catholic and Hindu. Pueblo Indians: woman simply leaves moccasins on the doorstep (NM -AZ) No divorce allowed in Malta - Philippines. Low divorce rate in Japan. Islam allows but discourages (3x limit)






36. Symbols that provide info about a person or object (red light=danger)






37. (Foragers): Earliest and most stable form of human subsistence. Unit of production = Unit of Consumption. Of 150billion who have ever lived - 60% were HG. 99% of history as humans is as HG






38. A process in which chromosomes physically exchange parts.






39. Marriage within one's own tribe or group as required by custom or law






40. Logic/Observation (not gods). Thales - Xenophanes - Pyhtagorus - Hippocrates. Differed from Near Eastern thought.






41. Structionalism. Amazon tribe. ethnographic.






42. Melanesia (SW Pacific WWII+). Western goods created by ancestral spirits (intended for them - but controlled by whites).






43. Wheat - barley - flax began in Asia. Entered Africa through Nile Delta (Egypt). One form of wheat began in Ethiopia. - Neolithic






44. Using a radioactive process to determine the age of an item. millions of years.






45. German archeologists who discovered the site of Troy in the late 1800's






46. The process by which a living organism adapts to its environment.






47. British Hieroglyphics translator -Father of Archeology






48. Political order (polity) is not a distinct institution - it is embedded in the overall social order. No formal govt






49. Religion. Most important intellectual development. Flourished b/c of weakening Egypt & annihilation of Hittites (1200BC)






50. Random change in allele frequencies that occurs in small populations. Sewall-Wright effect







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