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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Characteristics are inherited independently from other characteristics

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2. Groups descended from mother or father's line only. (unilateral)






3. (Foragers): Earliest and most stable form of human subsistence. Unit of production = Unit of Consumption. Of 150billion who have ever lived - 60% were HG. 99% of history as humans is as HG






4. Study of remains found in layers of soil and rock






5. Social Movements to build an ideology that is relevant to changing cultural needs (their understanding of world). Eg: Melanesian Cargo Cults - or Mormonism in the US (Joseph Smith)






6. (HG) Personalized - supernatural beings (souls or gods) inhabit ordinary objects and govern their existence. Everything has a soul. Zambia - Congo - Gabon - Guinea - Indonesia - Japan - Laos - Myanmar - Peru - Philippines (+ Canada - Russia - Sweden






7. The exchange of genetic material between maternal and paternal chromosomes - creating a new combination of genes on the chromosome.






8. Domestication of plants - gardening using man-powered tools. Labor Intensive/Surplus/Social Stratification






9. The archaeology of ancient Greece and Rome






10. Random change in allele frequencies that occurs in small populations. Sewall-Wright effect






11. Communal Ownership of Land. Some ownership - but pastures - forests - mountains - waterways - sacred grounds - are shared






12. 'Upright Man' - An extinct species of the genus Homo - Africa/Europe/Asia. fire and tools. hand ax. early speech.






13. 1/2 Founder of Modern Anthropology. Ethnographic fieldwork - reciprocity - Pacific Islands. After Rivers (more rigor) 'Participant Observation'. WWI spent 2 years in Trobriand Islands (Papua New Guinea)






14. Study of human activity and cultures through material remains. non-natural science. half science - half humanity. Fills in gaps in human history.






15. Spread from Middle East north to Europe (across Turkey/Greece into C. Eur. AND across Egypt/N Afr to Spain).Britain and Scandinavia became farming after 3k BC (Mesolithic Period).- Neolithic






16. Refined the Flake Stone Tools (flint): Mousterian Industry. Neanderthal Man.






17. Marriage within one's own tribe or group as required by custom or law






18. Animistic/Shamanistic. Animal or other naturalistic figure that spiritually represents a person or a clan (intimate relationship)






19. The sum total of the genes carried by the individual members of the population






20. Hypertrophic horticulture among large populations






21. Consists of social impact assessment - evaluation research - technology development research - cultural resource assessment






22. From Africa to Eurasia (through Himalayas/Silk Road - across straight of Gilbralter.






23. What people ACTUALLY do in everyday - real life interactio






24. World's first cities appeared between the years 4000 and 3500 BC.






25. Ritual of Greek Citizenship






26. Any agent (physical or environmental) that can induce a genetic mutation or can increase the rate of mutation






27. States (see themselves as manipulating their environment - controlling it - dominating it - for self-interest).






28. Describe behavior in terms familiar to the observer (enables comparative research - and making universal claims)






29. The study of the rules for the formation of grammatical sentences in a language.






30. Using anthropological expertise on a practical level to understand and alleviate human problems. Eg - Impact of a new agriculture system in a society - causes of illiteracy among adults in a given group






31. Spread to Huang Ho (Yellow River Valley) of China - and SE Asia by 3500BC (millet and rice).- Neolithic






32. Small segment of DNA that codes for the systhesis (creation) of a specific protein - and thus determines a trait.






33. Thinker. functionalism. religion. suicide






34. Ancient Hebrew manuscripts hidden in clay jars in caves near Qumran by the Dead Sea that were discovered accidentally by Bedouin while looking for a stray animal in 1947..






35. Ruthless empire. By 665BC=Palestine - Syria - Asia Minor - Persian Gulf. buffer b/n civil Middle East & Barbarians.fell in 612BC. Internal revolution - and defeat by NeoBabylonians (Chaldeans)






36. The school of thought developed by the French anthropologist Claude Levi-Strauss - in which cultures - viewed as systems - are analyzed in terms of the structural relations among their elements. Referring to mental structure.






37. New family you form when you marry and have children.






38. Father of Modern Anthropology - noted for applying the scientific method to the study of human cultures and societies. Opposed evolutionist.






39. Permanent formal government structures and socioeconomic stratification. Most people in world's society. Autonomous political units - social classes - Formal govt based on Law - social status - population control - judges - law enf - fiscal.






40. Anthropologist: Indians (North - Central - South America). Recorded folktales of blacks in N. America and West Indies.






41. King of Babylon. had law code (discipline - order in society - pessimistic outlook) Sanctioned by the gods






42. Early anthropologists such as E.B. Taylor and J.G. Frazer in England who worked mostly with materials collected by others - usually missionaries - traders - explorers - or colonial officials.






43. Thinkers: linguistics






44. Personal quirks: Get up at certain time - order of getting dressed - etc






45. Provisional sampling cuts to explore potential excavation sites. Tigris/Euphrates flooded regularly so hard to navigate.






46. Transfer of cultural traits/ideas from one society/ethnic group to another. McDonald's (US=Fast Food - China=Special Occasion)






47. (New Stone Age): 10kya. Domestic animals - villages - pottery - weaving - food producing (not collecting). Holocene. Beginning of real civilization (Final stage of prehistoric cult evol/techno dev)






48. Hispanic ritual - 15 yr girl - sneakers to high heel






49. Primary form of support for existing political leadership. Based on internal values of the people - not so much coercion






50. Traces back to ONE person