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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Non-industrial socs. People produce own food - but an elite controls a portion of production






2. Ancient Roman patrilineal clan that shared the same surname - and a legendary common ancestor (worshipped)






3. Refined the Flake Stone Tools (flint): Mousterian Industry. Neanderthal Man.






4. Mexico - sun/war/civilization gods - subord women - human sacrifice - cannibalism - time/calendars. Caste system - architecture - learning and the arts - polytheistic - pictorial alphabet






5. Spread of something from one group to another






6. Goods flow to central place - and are distributed again (Eg -US Tax System). Reqs strong central political organization. Sometimes Prestige is derived from giving away valuables






7. Change based on belief in inevitable advance of science and Western secularism. Industrial growth - consolidation of the state - bureaucratization - market economy - tech advances - literacy - social mobility






8. Social Movements to build an ideology that is relevant to changing cultural needs (their understanding of world). Eg: Melanesian Cargo Cults - or Mormonism in the US (Joseph Smith)






9. Determining the success of a project






10. What people SHOULD do according to values and norms






11. The sex cell of a plant or animal may contain one factor (allele) for different traits but not both factors needed to express the traits

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12. Pueblco - Fremont - Missisippian






13. Seperation(leave) - Liminality(limbo) - Incorporation(rejoin).






14. The linguistic hypothesis holds that language predisposes us to see the world in a certain way was developed by these two.






15. The 1st in the three stages of the evolution theory developed by Lewis Henry Morgan. (hunter-gatherer - hordes - no class - no ownership).






16. A subdivision within the primate order based on shared anatomical characteristics that larger brains - binocular vision - parental care - longer gestational period - slower maturation.






17. Planned - rescue - and accidental.






18. All the knowledge and values shared by a society






19. The study of the rules for the formation of grammatical sentences in a language.






20. Food foragers (in-sync with env - see themselves as a harmonious part of natural world).






21. The study of the principles and rules that regulate word structure in language.






22. The application of Charles Darwin's ideas about evolution and 'survival of the fittest' to human societies - particularly as justification for United States expansion. (white man's burden)






23. A process in which chromosomes physically exchange parts.






24. Relatives through marriage






25. 1/2 Founder of Modern Anthropology. Ethnographic fieldwork - reciprocity - Pacific Islands. After Rivers (more rigor) 'Participant Observation'. WWI spent 2 years in Trobriand Islands (Papua New Guinea)






26. Essential mechanism of evolution proposed by Charles Darwin - and is the process by which those members of a particular species that are better adapted to their environment survive longer and produce more offspring than the poorer adapted.






27. A type of agricultural activity based on nomadic animal husbandry or the raising of livestock to provide food - clothing - and shelter.






28. The earliest member of the genus Homo - ape-like - found on sites dating 2mya Dr. Leakey in Olduvai Gorge - Africa. 775cc brain (1/2 sapien) tool users. Lived 50 -000 years. 'handy man'






29. Value of gift and time of repayment are not specified






30. Belief of early anthropologist that cultures evolve through various stages from a simpler and more primitive state to a complex and more culturally advanced state.






31. Ancestors to modern gorillas - chimpanzees - orangutans and humans who diverged 30 million years ago from monkeys. Characteristics include: large - strong jaw - large brain and partially erect posture.






32. The elementary structure. all cultural systems are built is a set of four types of organically linked relationships: brother/sister - husband/wife - father/son - and mother's brother/sister's son. (Levi-Strauss).






33. (1940)archaeological prospecting employing electricity and magnetic fields. A method of large-scale oil prospecting: electrical conductivity present in the soil.






34. The archaeology of ancient Egypt






35. Holistic study of humanity.






36. The scientific study of the structure - sounds - and meaning of language






37. Spread of an IDEA from one group to another.






38. Authority is allocated. Use force to achieve peace & conformance with law & custom - maintain territory against ext threat.






39. Skipped Bronze Age. Intermediate Neolithic tools were used instead (Zaire - Ghana). But not in Kenya (no celts - axes etc)






40. Cluster of 3 or more sibs - clans - kinship groups considered a single unit (but retain sep IDs within) - Native Americans: Used animal sign to ID (Tlingit Tribe: Matri] - Intermarriage b/n phratries was mandated)






41. Common in non-intensive food production. Villages=Various descent groups (clans/bands) - no formal govt or social classes.






42. Primary form of support for existing political leadership. Based on internal values of the people - not so much coercion






43. Vietnam War (Jesus=jeep/camo) - Native Americans (Dance of the Spirits) - Africa (Abacus/Menstrual Cycle)






44. Man marries widow of his dead brother






45. (3k BC) Spread copper tools to Sudan - but rest of Africa passed directly from Mesolithic to Iron Age. Theocracy government. (Bronze age)






46. Characteristics are inherited independently from other characteristics

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47. Animistic/Shamanistic. Animal or other naturalistic figure that spiritually represents a person or a clan (intimate relationship)






48. Logic/Observation (not gods). Thales - Xenophanes - Pyhtagorus - Hippocrates. Differed from Near Eastern thought.






49. The children of a parent's siblings of the opposite sex (mother's brothers - father's sisters).






50. Structionalism. Amazon tribe. ethnographic.