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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Cultural phenom existed for a reason - but persist when conditions change (superstition=vestige of rational practices).






2. Married couple + Kids (incl. Foster - adopted - natural children). Most common form in US.aka Conjugal Family






3. Man marries widow of his dead brother






4. Ancient Hebrew manuscripts hidden in clay jars in caves near Qumran by the Dead Sea that were discovered accidentally by Bedouin while looking for a stray animal in 1947..






5. A process in which chromosomes physically exchange parts.






6. Invented smelting of iron






7. Essential mechanism of evolution proposed by Charles Darwin - and is the process by which those members of a particular species that are better adapted to their environment survive longer and produce more offspring than the poorer adapted.






8. Anthropologist: 12-volume comparative study of Religion (using ethnographic details) - evolution of religion from magic.






9. Goods flow to central place - and are distributed again (Eg -US Tax System). Reqs strong central political organization. Sometimes Prestige is derived from giving away valuables






10. Family that raised you






11. Runway/airstrip/radios (coconuts and straw to attract aircraft with cargo). Ritual marches (twigs/guns - insignia 'USA' to look like soldiers)






12. Story with deep explanatory or symbolic resonance for a culture






13. Social Movements to build an ideology that is relevant to changing cultural needs (their understanding of world). Eg: Melanesian Cargo Cults - or Mormonism in the US (Joseph Smith)






14. States (see themselves as manipulating their environment - controlling it - dominating it - for self-interest).






15. The living world. the regions of the surface and atmosphere of the Earth (or other planet) where living organisms exist






16. Provisional sampling cuts to explore potential excavation sites. Tigris/Euphrates flooded regularly so hard to navigate.






17. Chopper-chopping tool industry (Pebble Industry). Wood -bone -stone tools. Homo Erectus. Hand-Axe (700kya): Abbevillian Industry (France) and later - Acheulian Industry (Eur/Af/As). Flake Stone Tools (flint): Clactonian Industry






18. The subfield of anthropology that focuses on variations in cultural behaviors among human populations






19. Anthropologist: Pacific Islands(SamoaPolynesia) - cultural effects on development of personality






20. Using anthropological expertise on a practical level to understand and alleviate human problems. Eg - Impact of a new agriculture system in a society - causes of illiteracy among adults in a given group






21. Change based on belief in inevitable advance of science and Western secularism. Industrial growth - consolidation of the state - bureaucratization - market economy - tech advances - literacy - social mobility






22. Associated with Julian Steward - study of adaptation of social culture to natural resources and other human groups.






23. (New Stone Age): 10kya. Domestic animals - villages - pottery - weaving - food producing (not collecting). Holocene. Beginning of real civilization (Final stage of prehistoric cult evol/techno dev)






24. Basic building blocks of culture. Without them - there is no culture






25. 1/2 Founder of Modern Anthropology. After River (more rigor). Studied American Indians (1880s documented) Coined 'Cultural Relativism'. Sat with elders to hear their historic accounts of their culture. [Salvage ethnography]






26. Spread of something from one group to another






27. Found Australopathicus skull in 1959. Upright human footprints in 1978






28. Skipped Bronze Age. Intermediate Neolithic tools were used instead (Zaire - Ghana). But not in Kenya (no celts - axes etc)






29. Gene flow usually occuring in humans as a result of actual migration of populations (either forced or voluntary).






30. Cluster of 3 or more sibs - clans - kinship groups considered a single unit (but retain sep IDs within) - Native Americans: Used animal sign to ID (Tlingit Tribe: Matri] - Intermarriage b/n phratries was mandated)






31. System of symbols - mediate b/n an individual and his world. Way of Life. Make sense of world - motivate behavior






32. Describe behavior in terms familiar to the observer (enables comparative research - and making universal claims)






33. Category of individuals who enjoy equal prestige according to a society. (Perception of class is relative). Economics - social status - aesthetic preferences - behavior - occupation - appearance - civic involvement






34. The science dealing with the measurement of the human body to determine differences in individuals or groups






35. The archaeology of ancient Greece and Rome






36. Anthropologist: (early 1900s): Culture = combination of universals - alternatives - specialties - individual peculiarities. The Study of Man (1936) and The Tree of Culture (1955)






37. New family you form when you marry and have children.






38. Vietnam War (Jesus=jeep/camo) - Native Americans (Dance of the Spirits) - Africa (Abacus/Menstrual Cycle)






39. Common ancestor. Endogamy forbidden (regarded as incest). Can be Matriclan/Patriclan






40. Wheat - barley - flax began in Asia. Entered Africa through Nile Delta (Egypt). One form of wheat began in Ethiopia. - Neolithic






41. Hispanic ritual - 15 yr girl - sneakers to high heel






42. Ritual of Greek Citizenship






43. Animistic/Shamanistic. Animal or other naturalistic figure that spiritually represents a person or a clan (intimate relationship)






44. Technology that Spread east to Indus River Valley (India) by 5k BC






45. Research that refers to in-depth study using face-to-face or observation techniques to collect data from people in their natural settings.






46. Early humans and human like creature. Erect - large complex brain - tool-using - community organization.






47. Anthropologist: reciprocity - gift economy - Durkheim's nephew






48. Seperation(leave) - Liminality(limbo) - Incorporation(rejoin).






49. The application of scientific principles to agriculture especially to animal breeding






50. A subdivision within the primate order based on shared anatomical primitive traits: side eyes - wet nose - nocturnal - dental combs