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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Early anthropologists such as E.B. Taylor and J.G. Frazer in England who worked mostly with materials collected by others - usually missionaries - traders - explorers - or colonial officials.






2. Half way b/n tribe and a state. Permanent political structure. Transitional form of sociopol org in evolution of tribe to state






3. Logic/Observation (not gods). Thales - Xenophanes - Pyhtagorus - Hippocrates. Differed from Near Eastern thought.






4. The study of the different sounds employed by language.






5. Value of gift and time of repayment are not specified






6. Spread from Middle East north to Europe (across Turkey/Greece into C. Eur. AND across Egypt/N Afr to Spain).Britain and Scandinavia became farming after 3k BC (Mesolithic Period).- Neolithic






7. Through the mother but DOES NOT imply matriarchy






8. Family that raised you






9. Early humans and human like creature. Erect - large complex brain - tool-using - community organization.






10. Religion. Most important intellectual development. Flourished b/c of weakening Egypt & annihilation of Hittites (1200BC)






11. The elementary structure. all cultural systems are built is a set of four types of organically linked relationships: brother/sister - husband/wife - father/son - and mother's brother/sister's son. (Levi-Strauss).






12. Cultural phenom existed for a reason - but persist when conditions change (superstition=vestige of rational practices).






13. Basic building blocks of culture. Without them - there is no culture






14. The study of the principles and rules that regulate word structure in language.






15. One of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic - such as hair color






16. A larger collection of DNA that contains many genes and the support proteins needed to control these genes.






17. Milan (1957) probe penetrates burial chambers and photographs walls and contents.






18. Either of 2 sibs - clans - kinship groups - of unilateral descent - that together make up a tribe or society






19. Exchange of goods/services/gifts/emotions b/n two parties. Often ritual/ceremony. Characteristic of HG groups






20. Runway/airstrip/radios (coconuts and straw to attract aircraft with cargo). Ritual marches (twigs/guns - insignia 'USA' to look like soldiers)






21. Position from which members engage in social practices. (Sociology focuses on interrelationship/effect of status






22. Ritual in Burma/Thai boy monks 7-14 - 'Jewel Princess'






23. Hawaiian - aroi sun kingdom






24. 20 century anthropologist.structural-functionalism. primitive societies - Durkhiem






25. Lemurs - monkeys - Apes and humans. Prehensile/Grasping hands..Some-opposable thumb - larger males than females. flat fingernails.






26. Hispanic ritual - 15 yr girl - sneakers to high heel






27. The application of Charles Darwin's ideas about evolution and 'survival of the fittest' to human societies - particularly as justification for United States expansion. (white man's burden)






28. The process of removing earth carefully and systemically from an area in order to find buried remains






29. The process by which a living organism adapts to its environment.






30. The process through which genes pass from the gene pool of one population through mating and reproduction to that of another.






31. Hypertrophic horticulture among large populations






32. What people ACTUALLY do in everyday - real life interactio






33. Began 5k ya in Mesopotamia - Egypt - possible to create flood control plans. Later in India - China - then Europe.






34. Earliest known bipedal hominid with ape like brain - ex. Lucy 3.2 mya. 400cc brain. Africa.






35. Study of remains found in layers of soil and rock






36. Marriage to a person belonging to a tribe or group other than your own as required by custom or law






37. Branch of anthropology - systematic and detailed comparison of human races - their origin - distribution - culture - etc.






38. Action - research & development - community - advocacy - cultural/social marketing






39. Penalty for violating moral principle or law. Larger society=more formal sanction






40. Using anthropological expertise on a practical level to understand and alleviate human problems. Eg - Impact of a new agriculture system in a society - causes of illiteracy among adults in a given group






41. Describe behavior in terms familiar to the observer (enables comparative research - and making universal claims)






42. The linguistic hypothesis holds that language predisposes us to see the world in a certain way was developed by these two.






43. Married couple + Kids (incl. Foster - adopted - natural children). Most common form in US.aka Conjugal Family






44. Anthropologist: 12-volume comparative study of Religion (using ethnographic details) - evolution of religion from magic.






45. Perform Rituals in belief that ancestors will recognize their own people and make very valuable cargo come (utopian/millenial). John Frum






46. A type of agricultural activity based on nomadic animal husbandry or the raising of livestock to provide food - clothing - and shelter.






47. 'Verbal Evaluation - Patterns of Association - symbolic Indicators(wealth/dress/job)'. Haviland






48. The aspect of archaeology that deals with the past of man before he learned to write has - since the middle of the 19th century - aka prehistory.






49. The subfield of anthropology that focuses on variations in cultural behaviors among human populations






50. All the knowledge and values shared by a society