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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Yanonamo Village invites another village. Social gathering/political alliances (like dinner party). Yan=deceiptful






2. Thinker. functionalism. religion. suicide






3. Collecting community data for use by development planners






4. Basic building blocks of culture. Without them - there is no culture






5. Position from which members engage in social practices. (Sociology focuses on interrelationship/effect of status






6. (HG) Personalized - supernatural beings (souls or gods) inhabit ordinary objects and govern their existence. Everything has a soul. Zambia - Congo - Gabon - Guinea - Indonesia - Japan - Laos - Myanmar - Peru - Philippines (+ Canada - Russia - Sweden






7. Anthropologist: 12-volume comparative study of Religion (using ethnographic details) - evolution of religion from magic.






8. 20 century anthropologist.structural-functionalism. primitive societies - Durkhiem






9. Large neolithic farming village in Turkey during 6700 B.C. - 5700 B.C.






10. Branch of anthropology - systematic and detailed comparison of human races - their origin - distribution - culture - etc.






11. Communication element. Represents a complex of person - object - group - or idea. Graphically or Representationally.






12. Buying/selling goods & Services with prices set by supply & demand. (usually involves money). Haviland: Informal v. Formal (govt controlled)






13. Small segment of DNA that codes for the systhesis (creation) of a specific protein - and thus determines a trait.






14. A change or alteration in nitrogenous bases of DNA.






15. The elementary structure. all cultural systems are built is a set of four types of organically linked relationships: brother/sister - husband/wife - father/son - and mother's brother/sister's son. (Levi-Strauss).






16. Primitive people. Some people have special power - middlemen b/n man and god. Performs ritual magic to save tribe in trouble






17. Personal quirks: Get up at certain time - order of getting dressed - etc






18. Random change in allele frequencies that occurs in small populations. Sewall-Wright effect






19. The application of Charles Darwin's ideas about evolution and 'survival of the fittest' to human societies - particularly as justification for United States expansion. (white man's burden)






20. Vietnam War (Jesus=jeep/camo) - Native Americans (Dance of the Spirits) - Africa (Abacus/Menstrual Cycle)






21. World's first cities appeared between the years 4000 and 3500 BC.






22. The scientific study of the structure - sounds - and meaning of language






23. Non-industrial socs. People produce own food - but an elite controls a portion of production






24. Skipped Bronze Age. Intermediate Neolithic tools were used instead (Zaire - Ghana). But not in Kenya (no celts - axes etc)






25. One of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic - such as hair color






26. Earliest known bipedal hominid with ape like brain - ex. Lucy 3.2 mya. 400cc brain. Africa.






27. Anthropologist: reciprocity - gift economy - Durkheim's nephew






28. Using anthropological expertise on a practical level to understand and alleviate human problems. Eg - Impact of a new agriculture system in a society - causes of illiteracy among adults in a given group






29. Characteristics are inherited independently from other characteristics

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30. Not universal. Evolved in last 10k years (surplus food - development of states). States are political system most likely to go to war






31. Anthropologist: Pacific Islands(SamoaPolynesia) - cultural effects on development of personality






32. Communal Ownership of Land. Some ownership - but pastures - forests - mountains - waterways - sacred grounds - are shared






33. Viewpoint of Anthropologists. Economy that is embedded within other social structures and institutions. Interaction of humans with their environment - methods of 'want' satisfaction. Holistic. Opponents argue that Formalist approach only applies to m






34. Shift of population from food production to specialization. Strong sense of ownership of land.






35. Describe behavior in insider/natives own terms. Actor's own reasons - interpretations - customs - beliefs






36. Religion. Most important intellectual development. Flourished b/c of weakening Egypt & annihilation of Hittites (1200BC)






37. Ways to date artifacts






38. Logic/Observation (not gods). Thales - Xenophanes - Pyhtagorus - Hippocrates. Differed from Near Eastern thought.






39. The observable characteristics of an organism - including physical appearance.






40. Primary form of support for existing political leadership. Based on internal values of the people - not so much coercion






41. Technology that Spread east to Indus River Valley (India) by 5k BC






42. <40kya): Regional stone tool industries (Perigordian - Aurignacian - Solutrean - Magdelenian) - More complex - specialized - variety of tools. Regional artistic traditions. Homosapien - Neanderthal - Cro-magnon. Small Sculptures (E. Eur): Small - por






43. The living world. the regions of the surface and atmosphere of the Earth (or other planet) where living organisms exist






44. Mobile Foragers (Eskimo) combine nuclear families. Don't allow accumulated wealth - prize generosity - equality of resources






45. The subfield of anthropology that focuses on variations in cultural behaviors among human populations






46. Ritual in Japan/Samurai - boys 12-16 - temple - adult clothes/hair






47. Change based on belief in inevitable advance of science and Western secularism. Industrial growth - consolidation of the state - bureaucratization - market economy - tech advances - literacy - social mobility






48. Also known as 'biological anthropology -' studies the mechanisms of biological evolution - genetic inheritance - human adaptability and variation - primatology - and the fossil record of human evolution.






49. A subdivision within the primate order based on shared anatomical characteristics that larger brains - binocular vision - parental care - longer gestational period - slower maturation.






50. Married couple + Kids (incl. Foster - adopted - natural children). Most common form in US.aka Conjugal Family