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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Social Institutions - not theological - philosophical - or psychological phenomenons






2. One of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic - such as hair color






3. 1/2 Founder of Modern Anthropology. After River (more rigor). Studied American Indians (1880s documented) Coined 'Cultural Relativism'. Sat with elders to hear their historic accounts of their culture. [Salvage ethnography]






4. Indissoluble in Roman Catholic and Hindu. Pueblo Indians: woman simply leaves moccasins on the doorstep (NM -AZ) No divorce allowed in Malta - Philippines. Low divorce rate in Japan. Islam allows but discourages (3x limit)






5. Ritual of Greek Citizenship






6. Structionalism. Amazon tribe. ethnographic.






7. Spread of innovations in the Cradle of Civilization . Modified: Various centers spread innovation






8. Describe behavior in terms familiar to the observer (enables comparative research - and making universal claims)






9. (Reverence): Most rituals mark day - month - season - year - stage of life - new event. Burial Rituals found from 20kya






10. (some people do it differently) Sex roles - religion - age roles






11. Change based on belief in inevitable advance of science and Western secularism. Industrial growth - consolidation of the state - bureaucratization - market economy - tech advances - literacy - social mobility






12. Created by repeated pecking at grindstones b/c too smooth to grind red ochre=Macehead (Egypt/Nile Valley)- Neolithic






13. The children of a parent's siblings of the opposite sex (mother's brothers - father's sisters).






14. System of symbols - mediate b/n an individual and his world. Way of Life. Make sense of world - motivate behavior






15. The elementary structure. all cultural systems are built is a set of four types of organically linked relationships: brother/sister - husband/wife - father/son - and mother's brother/sister's son. (Levi-Strauss).






16. (Veblen): Display of wealth by its owner for social prestige






17. Flat/broad nosed primates; New World monkeys






18. Yanonamo Village invites another village. Social gathering/political alliances (like dinner party). Yan=deceiptful






19. Gene flow usually occuring in humans as a result of actual migration of populations (either forced or voluntary).






20. Technology that Spread east to Indus River Valley (India) by 5k BC






21. Wheat - barley - flax began in Asia. Entered Africa through Nile Delta (Egypt). One form of wheat began in Ethiopia. - Neolithic






22. A subdivision within the primate order based on shared anatomical primitive traits: side eyes - wet nose - nocturnal - dental combs






23. Muslim (up to 4 wives by law). Middle East - Asia - North Africa. Native Americans (before European values)






24. The study of the different sounds employed by language.






25. Mobile Foragers (Eskimo) combine nuclear families. Don't allow accumulated wealth - prize generosity - equality of resources






26. Determining the success of a project






27. 'Verbal Evaluation - Patterns of Association - symbolic Indicators(wealth/dress/job)'. Haviland






28. Lemurs - monkeys - Apes and humans. Prehensile/Grasping hands..Some-opposable thumb - larger males than females. flat fingernails.






29. A group of sexually reproducing individuals (of the same species) mating with each other and sharing a common gene pool.






30. Action - research & development - community - advocacy - cultural/social marketing






31. Collecting community data for use by development planners






32. Africa: Jackals=Dogs. Donkeys - cats. (entered religious thought - animistic philosphy of Egypt) - Neolithic






33. Earliest known bipedal hominid with ape like brain - ex. Lucy 3.2 mya. 400cc brain. Africa.






34. Essential mechanism of evolution proposed by Charles Darwin - and is the process by which those members of a particular species that are better adapted to their environment survive longer and produce more offspring than the poorer adapted.






35. A polygamous mating system involving one female and many males.






36. The actual time (usually measured in years) as determined by radioactive decay of elements






37. Refined the Flake Stone Tools (flint): Mousterian Industry. Neanderthal Man.






38. Traces back to ONE person






39. By-product of grinding red ochre (magic powers) - Neolithic






40. Anthropologist: cross-cultural values






41. Personal quirks: Get up at certain time - order of getting dressed - etc






42. Belief of early anthropologist that cultures evolve through various stages from a simpler and more primitive state to a complex and more culturally advanced state.






43. The skeletal remains of Homo erectus - found at Zhoukoudian - near Peking - China - in the late 1930s and early 1940s and subsequently lost during World War II






44. Species of people that inhabited much of Europe and the Mediterranean lands c. 200 -000-28 -000 years ago. The name derives from the discovery in 1856 of remains in a cave above Germany's Neander Valley. Neanderthals were short - stout - and powerful






45. Acting as a communiction link between producers and users of new technology






46. The archaeology of ancient Greece and Rome






47. The 2nd in the three stages of the evolution theory developed by Lewis Henry Morgan. (Domestication of animals - cultivation)






48. Provisional sampling cuts to explore potential excavation sites. Tigris/Euphrates flooded regularly so hard to navigate.






49. Method of detecting buried features by locating the magnetic disturbances they cause: (1957-58) proton magnetometer - the proton gradiometer - and the fluxgate gradiometer.






50. Ancestors to modern gorillas - chimpanzees - orangutans and humans who diverged 30 million years ago from monkeys. Characteristics include: large - strong jaw - large brain and partially erect posture.