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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Social Institutions - not theological - philosophical - or psychological phenomenons






2. The process by which a living organism adapts to its environment.






3. The genetic makeup of an organism as indicated by its set of alleles - that determines hereditary potential/limits from embyro to adulthood.






4. States (see themselves as manipulating their environment - controlling it - dominating it - for self-interest).






5. 1/2 Founder of Modern Anthropology. Ethnographic fieldwork - reciprocity - Pacific Islands. After Rivers (more rigor) 'Participant Observation'. WWI spent 2 years in Trobriand Islands (Papua New Guinea)






6. <40kya): Regional stone tool industries (Perigordian - Aurignacian - Solutrean - Magdelenian) - More complex - specialized - variety of tools. Regional artistic traditions. Homosapien - Neanderthal - Cro-magnon. Small Sculptures (E. Eur): Small - por






7. World's first cities appeared between the years 4000 and 3500 BC.






8. The aspect of archaeology that deals with the past of man before he learned to write has - since the middle of the 19th century - aka prehistory.






9. Small segment of DNA that codes for the systhesis (creation) of a specific protein - and thus determines a trait.






10. The archaeology of ancient Greece and Rome






11. Based on institutionalized beliefs and practices dealing with ultimate meaning of life. Belief stems from their experience of the world.






12. The 2nd in the three stages of the evolution theory developed by Lewis Henry Morgan. (Domestication of animals - cultivation)






13. Half way b/n tribe and a state. Permanent political structure. Transitional form of sociopol org in evolution of tribe to state






14. The linguistic hypothesis holds that language predisposes us to see the world in a certain way was developed by these two.






15. 'Verbal Evaluation - Patterns of Association - symbolic Indicators(wealth/dress/job)'. Haviland






16. Thinker. functionalism. religion. suicide






17. Spread of something from one group to another






18. Things all people do the same way (language)






19. Eg - Barter. Scarce goods from one group are exchanged for desirable goods from another group. Giver tries to come out on top. Ultimate form = taking by force.






20. The elementary structure. all cultural systems are built is a set of four types of organically linked relationships: brother/sister - husband/wife - father/son - and mother's brother/sister's son. (Levi-Strauss).






21. Adenine - guanine - cytosine - thymine that form genetic code.






22. Logic/Observation (not gods). Thales - Xenophanes - Pyhtagorus - Hippocrates. Differed from Near Eastern thought.






23. (some people do it differently) Sex roles - religion - age roles






24. Catarrhini (hooked nose). Asia - Africa - Europe. large mammals. ground dwellers. carniverous. harems/sexual dimorphism. non-prehensile tails (baboons - macaque - proboscic monkey.






25. Plants and animals all evolved over a long period of time from simple into more complex life forms. (Darwin)






26. Common in non-intensive food production. Villages=Various descent groups (clans/bands) - no formal govt or social classes.






27. Milan (1957) probe penetrates burial chambers and photographs walls and contents.






28. People group: (S. Mesopotamia/Iraq). Advanced Tech (bronze tools/weapons). Writing (cuneiform) - law - educations - intellectual - economic. City-state government






29. Indissoluble in Roman Catholic and Hindu. Pueblo Indians: woman simply leaves moccasins on the doorstep (NM -AZ) No divorce allowed in Malta - Philippines. Low divorce rate in Japan. Islam allows but discourages (3x limit)






30. The earliest member of the genus Homo - ape-like - found on sites dating 2mya Dr. Leakey in Olduvai Gorge - Africa. 775cc brain (1/2 sapien) tool users. Lived 50 -000 years. 'handy man'






31. Giving and receiving are specific as to value of goods - and time of delivery.






32. Platyrrhini - south america - small mammals - tree dwellers - prehensile tails - noctural - monogamous (gibbons - marmosets)






33. The sum total of the genes carried by the individual members of the population






34. The science dealing with the measurement of the human body to determine differences in individuals or groups






35. System of symbols - mediate b/n an individual and his world. Way of Life. Make sense of world - motivate behavior






36. Viewpoint of Anthropologists. Economy that is embedded within other social structures and institutions. Interaction of humans with their environment - methods of 'want' satisfaction. Holistic. Opponents argue that Formalist approach only applies to m






37. Wheat - barley - flax began in Asia. Entered Africa through Nile Delta (Egypt). One form of wheat began in Ethiopia. - Neolithic






38. The scientific study of the structure - sounds - and meaning of language






39. Ruthless empire. By 665BC=Palestine - Syria - Asia Minor - Persian Gulf. buffer b/n civil Middle East & Barbarians.fell in 612BC. Internal revolution - and defeat by NeoBabylonians (Chaldeans)






40. A process in which chromosomes physically exchange parts.






41. New family you form when you marry and have children.






42. Cradle of mankind. tanzania (30m long) Leakey family (1950s) 7 layers. found tools of habillus and erectus.






43. The commonness of the occurrence of any particular allele in a population (a fraction)






44. Fixed at birth - unchangeable - endogamous. India: Brahmins - warriors - artisans - laborers (then untouchables)






45. Characteristics are inherited independently from other characteristics

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46. Species of people that inhabited much of Europe and the Mediterranean lands c. 200 -000-28 -000 years ago. The name derives from the discovery in 1856 of remains in a cave above Germany's Neander Valley. Neanderthals were short - stout - and powerful






47. What people SHOULD do according to values and norms






48. Provisional sampling cuts to explore potential excavation sites. Tigris/Euphrates flooded regularly so hard to navigate.






49. (skills that only some people have) Playing guitar - understanding algebra.






50. First used in admin of British Colonies by Northcote Thomas in Nigeria in 1908. 'Age of Enlightenment'/Natural Science