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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Plants and animals all evolved over a long period of time from simple into more complex life forms. (Darwin)






2. The non-living world. the area from the surface of earth down to its center.






3. Structionalism. Amazon tribe. ethnographic.






4. Gene flow usually occuring in humans as a result of actual migration of populations (either forced or voluntary).






5. 20 century anthropologist.structural-functionalism. primitive societies - Durkhiem






6. Exchange of goods/services/gifts/emotions b/n two parties. Often ritual/ceremony. Characteristic of HG groups






7. Groups descended from mother or father's line only. (unilateral)






8. Muslim (up to 4 wives by law). Middle East - Asia - North Africa. Native Americans (before European values)






9. The aspect of archaeology that deals with the past of man before he learned to write has - since the middle of the 19th century - aka prehistory.






10. The actual time (usually measured in years) as determined by radioactive decay of elements






11. The commonness of the occurrence of any particular allele in a population (a fraction)






12. States (see themselves as manipulating their environment - controlling it - dominating it - for self-interest).






13. With reference to the writing of P. Teilhard de Chardin - a stage - world or sphere of evolutionary development characterized by consciousness - the mind - information and interpersonal relationships.






14. The process through which genes pass from the gene pool of one population through mating and reproduction to that of another.






15. Anthropologist: formation of personalities






16. Chopper-chopping tool industry (Pebble Industry). Wood -bone -stone tools. Homo Erectus. Hand-Axe (700kya): Abbevillian Industry (France) and later - Acheulian Industry (Eur/Af/As). Flake Stone Tools (flint): Clactonian Industry






17. The 1st in the three stages of the evolution theory developed by Lewis Henry Morgan. (hunter-gatherer - hordes - no class - no ownership).






18. Planned - rescue - and accidental.






19. Earliest known bipedal hominid with ape like brain - ex. Lucy 3.2 mya. 400cc brain. Africa.






20. The study of how people use language in context - how utterances are used - either figuratively or literally - in communicative acts.






21. The sum total of the genes carried by the individual members of the population






22. Family that raised you






23. Large neolithic farming village in Turkey during 6700 B.C. - 5700 B.C.






24. System of symbols - mediate b/n an individual and his world. Way of Life. Make sense of world - motivate behavior






25. Anthropologist: Indians (North - Central - South America). Recorded folktales of blacks in N. America and West Indies.






26. Mobile Foragers (Eskimo) combine nuclear families. Don't allow accumulated wealth - prize generosity - equality of resources






27. Using anthropological expertise on a practical level to understand and alleviate human problems. Eg - Impact of a new agriculture system in a society - causes of illiteracy among adults in a given group






28. Goods flow to central place - and are distributed again (Eg -US Tax System). Reqs strong central political organization. Sometimes Prestige is derived from giving away valuables






29. Logic/Observation (not gods). Thales - Xenophanes - Pyhtagorus - Hippocrates. Differed from Near Eastern thought.






30. German archeologists who discovered the site of Troy in the late 1800's






31. The process by which a living organism adapts to its environment.






32. The genetic makeup of an organism as indicated by its set of alleles - that determines hereditary potential/limits from embyro to adulthood.






33. Political order (polity) is not a distinct institution - it is embedded in the overall social order. No formal govt






34. Transfer of cultural traits/ideas from one society/ethnic group to another. McDonald's (US=Fast Food - China=Special Occasion)






35. Refined the Flake Stone Tools (flint): Mousterian Industry. Neanderthal Man.






36. Cluster of 3 or more sibs - clans - kinship groups considered a single unit (but retain sep IDs within) - Native Americans: Used animal sign to ID (Tlingit Tribe: Matri] - Intermarriage b/n phratries was mandated)






37. Married couple + Kids (incl. Foster - adopted - natural children). Most common form in US.aka Conjugal Family






38. A homo erectus discovered by Dutch physician and anatomist Eugene Dubois in 1891 in JAVA Indonesia -






39. Chavin - Chibcham Chimor - Chachapoya - Huari - Inca - Moche - Nazca - Tairona - Tiwanaku






40. Anthropologist: 12-volume comparative study of Religion (using ethnographic details) - evolution of religion from magic.






41. A type of agricultural activity based on nomadic animal husbandry or the raising of livestock to provide food - clothing - and shelter.






42. 1/2 Founder of Modern Anthropology. Ethnographic fieldwork - reciprocity - Pacific Islands. After Rivers (more rigor) 'Participant Observation'. WWI spent 2 years in Trobriand Islands (Papua New Guinea)






43. Hawaiian - aroi sun kingdom






44. A theory stressing the importance of interdependence among all behavior patterns and institutions within a social system to its long-term survival. (Emile Durkheim)






45. Eg - Barter. Scarce goods from one group are exchanged for desirable goods from another group. Giver tries to come out on top. Ultimate form = taking by force.






46. Collecting community data for use by development planners






47. Fixed at birth - unchangeable - endogamous. India: Brahmins - warriors - artisans - laborers (then untouchables)






48. Symbols that provide info about a person or object (red light=danger)






49. Food foragers (in-sync with env - see themselves as a harmonious part of natural world).






50. Also known as 'biological anthropology -' studies the mechanisms of biological evolution - genetic inheritance - human adaptability and variation - primatology - and the fossil record of human evolution.