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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Improve welfare of people in underdeveloped countries (usually through economic growth).






2. The elementary structure. all cultural systems are built is a set of four types of organically linked relationships: brother/sister - husband/wife - father/son - and mother's brother/sister's son. (Levi-Strauss).






3. The discovery and recording of archaeological sites and their examination by methods other than the use of the spade and the trowel






4. Shorthand - Morse Code






5. Hypertrophic horticulture among large populations






6. Invented smelting of iron






7. Large neolithic farming village in Turkey during 6700 B.C. - 5700 B.C.






8. Fixed at birth - unchangeable - endogamous. India: Brahmins - warriors - artisans - laborers (then untouchables)






9. Anthropologist: Indians (North - Central - South America). Recorded folktales of blacks in N. America and West Indies.






10. The sex cell of a plant or animal may contain one factor (allele) for different traits but not both factors needed to express the traits

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11. Scarcity - Supply & Demand - Self-interest - personal gain - rational decision-making. Economy can be analyzed independent of other social structures and institutions.Emph: Choice of Indiv actor






12. Focusing efforts to implement positive change in a culture






13. The linguistic hypothesis holds that language predisposes us to see the world in a certain way was developed by these two.






14. Buying/selling goods & Services with prices set by supply & demand. (usually involves money). Haviland: Informal v. Formal (govt controlled)






15. Ritual of Greek Citizenship






16. Anthropologist: cross-cultural values






17. Spread from Middle East north to Europe (across Turkey/Greece into C. Eur. AND across Egypt/N Afr to Spain).Britain and Scandinavia became farming after 3k BC (Mesolithic Period).- Neolithic






18. Man marries widow of his dead brother






19. Began 5k ya in Mesopotamia - Egypt - possible to create flood control plans. Later in India - China - then Europe.






20. A change or alteration in nitrogenous bases of DNA.






21. Any agent (physical or environmental) that can induce a genetic mutation or can increase the rate of mutation






22. A social bond based on common ancestry - marriage - or adoption






23. New family you form when you marry and have children.






24. Technology that Spread east to Indus River Valley (India) by 5k BC






25. Wheat - barley - flax began in Asia. Entered Africa through Nile Delta (Egypt). One form of wheat began in Ethiopia. - Neolithic






26. Research that refers to in-depth study using face-to-face or observation techniques to collect data from people in their natural settings.






27. Species of people that inhabited much of Europe and the Mediterranean lands c. 200 -000-28 -000 years ago. The name derives from the discovery in 1856 of remains in a cave above Germany's Neander Valley. Neanderthals were short - stout - and powerful






28. Hispanic ritual - 15 yr girl - sneakers to high heel






29. 1/2 Founder of Modern Anthropology. After River (more rigor). Studied American Indians (1880s documented) Coined 'Cultural Relativism'. Sat with elders to hear their historic accounts of their culture. [Salvage ethnography]






30. Seperation(leave) - Liminality(limbo) - Incorporation(rejoin).






31. 'Verbal Evaluation - Patterns of Association - symbolic Indicators(wealth/dress/job)'. Haviland






32. Transfer of cultural traits/ideas from one society/ethnic group to another. McDonald's (US=Fast Food - China=Special Occasion)






33. (HG) Personalized - supernatural beings (souls or gods) inhabit ordinary objects and govern their existence. Everything has a soul. Zambia - Congo - Gabon - Guinea - Indonesia - Japan - Laos - Myanmar - Peru - Philippines (+ Canada - Russia - Sweden






34. World's first cities appeared between the years 4000 and 3500 BC.






35. Anthropologist: reciprocity - gift economy - Durkheim's nephew






36. Half way b/n tribe and a state. Permanent political structure. Transitional form of sociopol org in evolution of tribe to state






37. Skipped Bronze Age. Intermediate Neolithic tools were used instead (Zaire - Ghana). But not in Kenya (no celts - axes etc)






38. The exchange of genetic material between maternal and paternal chromosomes - creating a new combination of genes on the chromosome.






39. Also known as 'biological anthropology -' studies the mechanisms of biological evolution - genetic inheritance - human adaptability and variation - primatology - and the fossil record of human evolution.






40. British Hieroglyphics translator -Father of Archeology






41. A subdivision within the primate order based on shared anatomical primitive traits: side eyes - wet nose - nocturnal - dental combs






42. The process by which a living organism adapts to its environment.






43. Either of 2 sibs - clans - kinship groups - of unilateral descent - that together make up a tribe or society






44. (skills that only some people have) Playing guitar - understanding algebra.






45. The sum total of the genes carried by the individual members of the population






46. The science dealing with the measurement of the human body to determine differences in individuals or groups






47. By-product of grinding red ochre (magic powers) - Neolithic






48. Category of individuals who enjoy equal prestige according to a society. (Perception of class is relative). Economics - social status - aesthetic preferences - behavior - occupation - appearance - civic involvement






49. Perform Rituals in belief that ancestors will recognize their own people and make very valuable cargo come (utopian/millenial). John Frum






50. People group: (S. Mesopotamia/Iraq). Advanced Tech (bronze tools/weapons). Writing (cuneiform) - law - educations - intellectual - economic. City-state government







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