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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Mobile Foragers (Eskimo) combine nuclear families. Don't allow accumulated wealth - prize generosity - equality of resources






2. Religion. Most important intellectual development. Flourished b/c of weakening Egypt & annihilation of Hittites (1200BC)






3. The commonness of the occurrence of any particular allele in a population (a fraction)






4. Category of individuals who enjoy equal prestige according to a society. (Perception of class is relative). Economics - social status - aesthetic preferences - behavior - occupation - appearance - civic involvement






5. A larger collection of DNA that contains many genes and the support proteins needed to control these genes.






6. A theory stressing the importance of interdependence among all behavior patterns and institutions within a social system to its long-term survival. (Emile Durkheim)






7. Ancient Roman patrilineal clan that shared the same surname - and a legendary common ancestor (worshipped)






8. Not universal. Evolved in last 10k years (surplus food - development of states). States are political system most likely to go to war






9. Communication element. Represents a complex of person - object - group - or idea. Graphically or Representationally.






10. Story with deep explanatory or symbolic resonance for a culture






11. Authority is allocated. Use force to achieve peace & conformance with law & custom - maintain territory against ext threat.






12. Person is considered equally related to kinfolk on either side of the family. Western Socs. (bilateral)






13. Cradle of mankind. tanzania (30m long) Leakey family (1950s) 7 layers. found tools of habillus and erectus.






14. Using a radioactive process to determine the age of an item. millions of years.






15. The skeletal remains of Homo erectus - found at Zhoukoudian - near Peking - China - in the late 1930s and early 1940s and subsequently lost during World War II






16. Half way b/n tribe and a state. Permanent political structure. Transitional form of sociopol org in evolution of tribe to state






17. Anthropologist: Pacific Islands(SamoaPolynesia) - cultural effects on development of personality






18. Deoxyribonucleic acid; genetic formation in a double-helix; (Watson & Crick)






19. The study of the literal meanings and the interpretation of words.






20. The 1st in the three stages of the evolution theory developed by Lewis Henry Morgan. (hunter-gatherer - hordes - no class - no ownership).






21. Shorthand - Morse Code






22. Family who excavate Olduvai Gorge






23. Large neolithic farming village in Turkey during 6700 B.C. - 5700 B.C.






24. Indissoluble in Roman Catholic and Hindu. Pueblo Indians: woman simply leaves moccasins on the doorstep (NM -AZ) No divorce allowed in Malta - Philippines. Low divorce rate in Japan. Islam allows but discourages (3x limit)






25. Closest living animal to modern humans. 96% same DNA.






26. The non-living world. the area from the surface of earth down to its center.






27. Relatives through marriage






28. Eg - Barter. Scarce goods from one group are exchanged for desirable goods from another group. Giver tries to come out on top. Ultimate form = taking by force.






29. Thinker: social stratification






30. Basic building blocks of culture. Without them - there is no culture






31. Essential mechanism of evolution proposed by Charles Darwin - and is the process by which those members of a particular species that are better adapted to their environment survive longer and produce more offspring than the poorer adapted.






32. Muslim (up to 4 wives by law). Middle East - Asia - North Africa. Native Americans (before European values)






33. Vietnam War (Jesus=jeep/camo) - Native Americans (Dance of the Spirits) - Africa (Abacus/Menstrual Cycle)






34. Hawaiian - aroi sun kingdom






35. 1962; employ mine detectors. pulsed-induction meter and the soil-conductivity meter detect magnetic soil anomalies - only if the features are fairly shallow.






36. Study of remains found in layers of soil and rock






37. 1/2 Founder of Modern Anthropology. Ethnographic fieldwork - reciprocity - Pacific Islands. After Rivers (more rigor) 'Participant Observation'. WWI spent 2 years in Trobriand Islands (Papua New Guinea)






38. Political order (polity) is not a distinct institution - it is embedded in the overall social order. No formal govt






39. Structionalism. Amazon tribe. ethnographic.






40. <40kya): Regional stone tool industries (Perigordian - Aurignacian - Solutrean - Magdelenian) - More complex - specialized - variety of tools. Regional artistic traditions. Homosapien - Neanderthal - Cro-magnon. Small Sculptures (E. Eur): Small - por






41. The elementary structure. all cultural systems are built is a set of four types of organically linked relationships: brother/sister - husband/wife - father/son - and mother's brother/sister's son. (Levi-Strauss).






42. (3k BC) Spread copper tools to Sudan - but rest of Africa passed directly from Mesolithic to Iron Age. Theocracy government. (Bronze age)






43. The archaeology of ancient Greece and Rome






44. Consists of social impact assessment - evaluation research - technology development research - cultural resource assessment






45. Early anthropologists such as E.B. Taylor and J.G. Frazer in England who worked mostly with materials collected by others - usually missionaries - traders - explorers - or colonial officials.






46. Ceremonial distrib of property/gifts to affirm social status. Ritual generosity - conspic consump. Wealth used to purchase Prestige. NW Pacific Indian Tribes Haida - Nuxalk - Tlingit - Tsimshian - Salish - Nuu-chah-nulth - and Kwakiutl. Also similar






47. Domestication of plants - gardening using man-powered tools. Labor Intensive/Surplus/Social Stratification






48. Ruthless empire. By 665BC=Palestine - Syria - Asia Minor - Persian Gulf. buffer b/n civil Middle East & Barbarians.fell in 612BC. Internal revolution - and defeat by NeoBabylonians (Chaldeans)






49. African CLICK language speakers. (click also used in Bantu - Zulu - Xhosa - Damin)






50. The observable characteristics of an organism - including physical appearance.