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Test your basic knowledge |
DSST General Anthropology
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dsst
,
anthropology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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1. Viewpoint of Anthropologists. Economy that is embedded within other social structures and institutions. Interaction of humans with their environment - methods of 'want' satisfaction. Holistic. Opponents argue that Formalist approach only applies to m
Social impact assessment
Functionalism
Substantive Economics
Armchair Anthropologists
2. The study of the literal meanings and the interpretation of words.
exogamy
Mendel's first principle of genetics
chimpanzee
Semantics
3. Marriage within one's own tribe or group as required by custom or law
Dokimasi
Ethnography
endogamy
Anthropology
4. (Middle Stone Age): 10kya. Hunter/Gatherer (w/ fish). Baskets - Pots - - harpoons - canoes - store food. Holocene. Not much development in art - focused on inventions - diversification of subsistence strategies
Quantitative Research
prosimians
Mesolithic Period
Generalized Reciprocity
5. Anthrpologist: Arapaho - archeo/anthro. preservation of Indian tribal culture. salvage ethnography. student of Boas.
Mendel's second principle of genetics
War
Kroeber
Ethnocentrism
6. Focusing efforts to implement positive change in a culture
Directed Cultural Change
Middle Paleo Period
Ziggurat
Petrie
7. (skills that only some people have) Playing guitar - understanding algebra.
Phratry
prosimians
Specialities
Levy-Bruhl
8. The observable characteristics of an organism - including physical appearance.
phenotype
Theory of organic evolution
Monogamy
old world monkeys
9. Social Movements to build an ideology that is relevant to changing cultural needs (their understanding of world). Eg: Melanesian Cargo Cults - or Mormonism in the US (Joseph Smith)
Revitalization
Individual Peculiarities
Genetic Recombination
Status
10. USA/Mexico/C. Am. Corn (maize) - beans - squash 6500BC (village life not until 2k BC).- Neolithic
Theory of organic evolution
Syntax
babylonians
American farming
11. Ceremonial distrib of property/gifts to affirm social status. Ritual generosity - conspic consump. Wealth used to purchase Prestige. NW Pacific Indian Tribes Haida - Nuxalk - Tlingit - Tsimshian - Salish - Nuu-chah-nulth - and Kwakiutl. Also similar
Potlatch
Matrilineal Descent
Stimulus Diffusion
chimpanzee
12. A change or alteration in nitrogenous bases of DNA.
Kluckhohn
Mutation
Benedict
phenotype
13. States (see themselves as manipulating their environment - controlling it - dominating it - for self-interest).
Yanomamo
Warlike people
Monarchy
Diffusion
14. Lord owned the land. Allocated land to Nobles (for loyalty/mil service). Serfs/slaves=Actually Part of the Property
Hittites
Feudal System
Cargo Cult
Biosphere
15. Fixed at birth - unchangeable - endogamous. India: Brahmins - warriors - artisans - laborers (then untouchables)
Non-warlike people
Shaman
Caste
pastoralism
16. Set of rights and obligations inherent in a social position.
classical archaeology
Gene
Electromagnetic prospecting
Status
17. The study of the patterns and distributions of speech sounds in a language and the tacit rules for their pronunciation.
Kinship
Phonology
State
Mesolithic Period
18. The linguistic hypothesis holds that language predisposes us to see the world in a certain way was developed by these two.
Sapir-Whorf
Condensed Symbol
Chiefdom
Kinship
19. Primitive people. Some people have special power - middlemen b/n man and god. Performs ritual magic to save tribe in trouble
Shaman
Genotypic Variations
Mayan indians
Mendelian population
20. (Veblen): Display of wealth by its owner for social prestige
Redistribution
Australopithecus
Conspicuous Consumption
Superposition
21. Ritual in Japan/Samurai - boys 12-16 - temple - adult clothes/hair
Genpuku
Structuralism
Caste
Homonids
22. Marriage to a person belonging to a tribe or group other than your own as required by custom or law
Writing
exogamy
Cross-cousins
Pragmatics
23. (Foragers): Earliest and most stable form of human subsistence. Unit of production = Unit of Consumption. Of 150billion who have ever lived - 60% were HG. 99% of history as humans is as HG
gene flow
Hunter/Gatherers
Affinal kin
Egyptian diffusion
24. Penalty for violating moral principle or law. Larger society=more formal sanction
War
Cargo Cult
Quinceanera
Sanction
25. Catarrhini (hooked nose). Asia - Africa - Europe. large mammals. ground dwellers. carniverous. harems/sexual dimorphism. non-prehensile tails (baboons - macaque - proboscic monkey.
Civilization
Class
old world monkeys
Negative Reciprocity
26. Structionalism. Amazon tribe. ethnographic.
Mesopotamia
Cargo Cult
Levi-Strauss
State
27. Anthropologist: formation of personalities
Production
Anthropology
Benedict
Syntax
28. Goods flow to central place - and are distributed again (Eg -US Tax System). Reqs strong central political organization. Sometimes Prestige is derived from giving away valuables
Directed Cultural Change
Redistribution
carbon-14 dating
prehistoric archaeology
29. The living world. the regions of the surface and atmosphere of the Earth (or other planet) where living organisms exist
Phases of rituals
Social impact assessment
Biosphere
DNA
30. Perform Rituals in belief that ancestors will recognize their own people and make very valuable cargo come (utopian/millenial). John Frum
Superposition
Cultural relativism
Cro-Magnon
Cargo Cult
31. Civilization to invent 'zero'
babylonians
Mutagen
Stimulus Diffusion
Anthropology
32. 'Upright Man' - An extinct species of the genus Homo - Africa/Europe/Asia. fire and tools. hand ax. early speech.
Homo Erectus
Dead Sea scrolls
Cro-Magnon
Divorce
33. Closest living animal to modern humans. 96% same DNA.
Writing
Ethnography
Cultural Anthropology
chimpanzee
34. The subfield of anthropology that focuses on variations in cultural behaviors among human populations
husbandry
Social impact assessment
Homonids
Cultural Anthropology
35. Each inherited characteristic is determined by two heredity factors/genes - one from each parent - which determines whether a gene will be dominant or recessive.
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36. The study of how people use language in context - how utterances are used - either figuratively or literally - in communicative acts.
Australopithecus
Cargo Cult
Pragmatics
Sanction
37. Essential mechanism of evolution proposed by Charles Darwin - and is the process by which those members of a particular species that are better adapted to their environment survive longer and produce more offspring than the poorer adapted.
Elsie Parsons
Real Culture
Natural selection
platyrrhini
38. Anthropologist: symbolic anthropology. Interpretation of cultures.
Geerts
Technology development research
Allele
Morphology
39. King of Babylon. had law code (discipline - order in society - pessimistic outlook) Sanctioned by the gods
Hammurabi
Potlatch
classical archaeology
Family of orientation
40. Spread of innovations in the Cradle of Civilization . Modified: Various centers spread innovation
Petrie
Ethnography
Mendel's first principle of genetics
Egyptian diffusion
41. Specialization in Indus Socs. Not in Tribal Socs (age/gender decides who does what). Amazon tribes specialize though
Production
Agriculture
Unit of Kinship
Levy-Bruhl
42. Ritual in Burma/Thai boy monks 7-14 - 'Jewel Princess'
Superposition
Poy Tang Lon
Dokimasi
Kindred
43. What people SHOULD do according to values and norms
Universalities
Relative time
Ideal culture
Legitimacy
44. Spread to Huang Ho (Yellow River Valley) of China - and SE Asia by 3500BC (millet and rice).- Neolithic
Peking Man
Armchair Anthropologists
Poy Tang Lon
Asian farming
45. Basic building blocks of culture. Without them - there is no culture
Social practices
Quantitative Research
Affinal kin
Cro-Magnon
46. Flat/broad nosed primates; New World monkeys
platyrrhini
Franz Boas
chimpanzee
Phonology
47. An impersonal supernatural force that flows in and out of people and objects
mana
Central American indians
Greeks
chimpanzee
48. Anthropologist: (early 1900s): Culture = combination of universals - alternatives - specialties - individual peculiarities. The Study of Man (1936) and The Tree of Culture (1955)
Clan
primates
Structuralism
Ralph Lynton
49. Cultural phenom existed for a reason - but persist when conditions change (superstition=vestige of rational practices).
Quantitative Research
Yanomamo Feasting
Survival
phenotype
50. System of symbols - mediate b/n an individual and his world. Way of Life. Make sense of world - motivate behavior
Morphology
Culture
Status
Gene migration
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