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Test your basic knowledge |
DSST General Anthropology
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dsst
,
anthropology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Half way b/n tribe and a state. Permanent political structure. Transitional form of sociopol org in evolution of tribe to state
James George Frazer
Chiefdom
Condensed Symbol
Horticulture
2. Created by Setting upper grindstone at an angle when grinding red ochre=sharp edge=Celt (like a chisel or axe - Egypt)- Neolithic
Marx - Freud - & Saussure
sharp edges
Production
Dating methods
3. A subdivision within the primate order based on shared anatomical primitive traits: side eyes - wet nose - nocturnal - dental combs
prosimians
Dating methods
Moieties
Specialities
4. The elementary structure. all cultural systems are built is a set of four types of organically linked relationships: brother/sister - husband/wife - father/son - and mother's brother/sister's son. (Levi-Strauss).
Chromosome
Mesopotamia
Mesolithic Period
Unit of Kinship
5. (Middle Stone Age): 10kya. Hunter/Gatherer (w/ fish). Baskets - Pots - - harpoons - canoes - store food. Holocene. Not much development in art - focused on inventions - diversification of subsistence strategies
Universalities
Weber
Pragmatics
Mesolithic Period
6. Person is considered equally related to kinfolk on either side of the family. Western Socs. (bilateral)
Mesolithic Period
Cognatic Descent
Divorce
Tribe
7. Using anthropological expertise on a practical level to understand and alleviate human problems. Eg - Impact of a new agriculture system in a society - causes of illiteracy among adults in a given group
Allele frequency
Religion
Syntax
Applied Anthropology
8. Perform Rituals in belief that ancestors will recognize their own people and make very valuable cargo come (utopian/millenial). John Frum
Cargo Cult
mana
Paleolithic period
prosimians
9. The school of thought developed by the French anthropologist Claude Levi-Strauss - in which cultures - viewed as systems - are analyzed in terms of the structural relations among their elements. Referring to mental structure.
Cargo Cult
Gene pool
Real Culture
Structuralism
10. Common in non-intensive food production. Villages=Various descent groups (clans/bands) - no formal govt or social classes.
Tribe
Religion
Ritual
South American indians
11. Development of Civilizations: Copper & Tin=Bronze. Replaced stone for tools/weapons
primates
Cargo Cult
Bronze Age
Mendel's third principle of genetics
12. Study of human activity and cultures through material remains. non-natural science. half science - half humanity. Fills in gaps in human history.
Cultural Anthropology
Archaeology
Status
Gene
13. The application of scientific principles to agriculture especially to animal breeding
Real Culture
Mesopotamia
Survival
husbandry
14. Lord owned the land. Allocated land to Nobles (for loyalty/mil service). Serfs/slaves=Actually Part of the Property
Diffusion
culture
Feudal System
Magnetic prospecting
15. Relatives on each side of marriage - extending at least to second cousin. Urbanization - migration = less importance
Balanced Reciprocity
Kindred
Cargo Cult
Substantive Economics
16. A subdivision within the primate order based on shared anatomical characteristics that larger brains - binocular vision - parental care - longer gestational period - slower maturation.
Excavation
prosimians
Anthropoids
Tribe
17. The process through which genes pass from the gene pool of one population through mating and reproduction to that of another.
Myth
gene flow
Relative time
Fieldwork
18. The living world. the regions of the surface and atmosphere of the Earth (or other planet) where living organisms exist
Totem
Animal domestication
Emile Durkheim
Biosphere
19. Mexico - sun/war/civilization gods - subord women - human sacrifice - cannibalism - time/calendars. Caste system - architecture - learning and the arts - polytheistic - pictorial alphabet
Mendel's second principle of genetics
classical archaeology
Phratry
Aztec indians
20. 'Verbal Evaluation - Patterns of Association - symbolic Indicators(wealth/dress/job)'. Haviland
Absolute time
Social Class Manifestation
Diffusion
Gens
21. (some people do it differently) Sex roles - religion - age roles
Asian farming
Alternatives
Morphology
Mendelian population
22. Category of individuals who enjoy equal prestige according to a society. (Perception of class is relative). Economics - social status - aesthetic preferences - behavior - occupation - appearance - civic involvement
Non-warlike people
Class
Chiefdom
Ethnocentrism
23. Anthropologist: reciprocity - gift economy - Durkheim's nephew
Production
Mauss
Culture
homonoids
24. The earliest member of the genus Homo - ape-like - found on sites dating 2mya Dr. Leakey in Olduvai Gorge - Africa. 775cc brain (1/2 sapien) tool users. Lived 50 -000 years. 'handy man'
Cultural Resource Assessment
Absolute time
Homo Habilis
Homo Erectus
25. Religion. Most important intellectual development. Flourished b/c of weakening Egypt & annihilation of Hittites (1200BC)
Hebrews
Feudal System
DNA
Kroeber
26. Ceremonial distrib of property/gifts to affirm social status. Ritual generosity - conspic consump. Wealth used to purchase Prestige. NW Pacific Indian Tribes Haida - Nuxalk - Tlingit - Tsimshian - Salish - Nuu-chah-nulth - and Kwakiutl. Also similar
Potlatch
Specialities
Pacific indians
Agriculture
27. Half way b/n tribe and state. Kin-based. Permanent group-based differencesin access to resources. Permanent Political Structure
Myth
Chiefdom
Cross-cousins
Polygamy
28. Viewpoint of Anthropologists. Economy that is embedded within other social structures and institutions. Interaction of humans with their environment - methods of 'want' satisfaction. Holistic. Opponents argue that Formalist approach only applies to m
Chromosome
Neolithic Technology
Geosphere
Substantive Economics
29. Political order (polity) is not a distinct institution - it is embedded in the overall social order. No formal govt
Emile Durkheim
Bands & Tribes
Homonids
Relative time
30. Cluster of 3 or more sibs - clans - kinship groups considered a single unit (but retain sep IDs within) - Native Americans: Used animal sign to ID (Tlingit Tribe: Matri] - Intermarriage b/n phratries was mandated)
Dead Sea scrolls
Cultural Evolution
Lineage
Phratry
31. Basic building blocks of culture. Without them - there is no culture
Sapir-Whorf
Social practices
Mendel's third principle of genetics
Social impact assessment
32. 1/2 Founder of Modern Anthropology. After River (more rigor). Studied American Indians (1880s documented) Coined 'Cultural Relativism'. Sat with elders to hear their historic accounts of their culture. [Salvage ethnography]
3 types of excavation
Cargo Cult
Cognatic Descent
Franz Boas
33. Milan (1957) probe penetrates burial chambers and photographs walls and contents.
Nistri periscope
Redistribution
Radcliffe-Brown
phenotype
34. Wheat - barley - flax began in Asia. Entered Africa through Nile Delta (Egypt). One form of wheat began in Ethiopia. - Neolithic
Clan
Cultivation
Franz Boas
Greeks
35. First used in admin of British Colonies by Northcote Thomas in Nigeria in 1908. 'Age of Enlightenment'/Natural Science
Birth of Anthropology
Cognatic Descent
Monarchy
Writing
36. Indissoluble in Roman Catholic and Hindu. Pueblo Indians: woman simply leaves moccasins on the doorstep (NM -AZ) No divorce allowed in Malta - Philippines. Low divorce rate in Japan. Islam allows but discourages (3x limit)
Divorce
Alternatives
Theory of organic evolution
Syntax
37. A social bond based on common ancestry - marriage - or adoption
Bands & Tribes
Anthropometry
Migration of Erectus
Kinship
38. Large neolithic farming village in Turkey during 6700 B.C. - 5700 B.C.
Religion
Ethnocentrism
Writing
Catal Huyak
39. (New Stone Age): 10kya. Domestic animals - villages - pottery - weaving - food producing (not collecting). Holocene. Beginning of real civilization (Final stage of prehistoric cult evol/techno dev)
Neolithic Period
Barbarism
Hammurabi
Egyptology
40. States (see themselves as manipulating their environment - controlling it - dominating it - for self-interest).
Family of procreation
Savagery
Warlike people
Totem
41. Found Australopathicus skull in 1959. Upright human footprints in 1978
Anthropometry
Mary Douglas Leakey
Structural-functional
Yanomamo
42. Spread of something from one group to another
Non-warlike people
Nitrogenous Bases
Diffusion
Phonology
43. Improve welfare of people in underdeveloped countries (usually through economic growth).
Levy-Bruhl
Genetic Recombination
International Development
Geerts
44. A polygamous mating system involving one female and many males.
Structuralism
Balanced Reciprocity
Anthropoids
polyandry
45. Ancient Hebrew manuscripts hidden in clay jars in caves near Qumran by the Dead Sea that were discovered accidentally by Bedouin while looking for a stray animal in 1947..
Religion
Hebrews
Phases of rituals
Dead Sea scrolls
46. (geology) the principle that in a series of stratified sedimentary rocks the lowest stratum is the oldest
Cultural Ecology
Superposition
Revitalization
Weber
47. Platyrrhini - south america - small mammals - tree dwellers - prehensile tails - noctural - monogamous (gibbons - marmosets)
New World monkeys
Genotype
Structuralism
Mutagen
48. Animistic/Shamanistic. Animal or other naturalistic figure that spiritually represents a person or a clan (intimate relationship)
Upper Paleo period
Peking Man
Totem
Kindred
49. 20 century anthropologist.structural-functionalism. primitive societies - Durkhiem
Ethnology
Gens
Radcliffe-Brown
Fieldwork
50. Describe behavior in terms familiar to the observer (enables comparative research - and making universal claims)
Austrailia indians
Qualitative Research
Etic perspective
Kindred