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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The study of the rules for the formation of grammatical sentences in a language.






2. Difference in the genes between different species or members of the same species - caused by the varying number of structure of the chromosome. Not all may be observable as phenotypic variations






3. Aborigine (dreamtime/totem)






4. The children of a parent's siblings of the opposite sex (mother's brothers - father's sisters).






5. Hawaiian - aroi sun kingdom






6. Wheat - barley - flax began in Asia. Entered Africa through Nile Delta (Egypt). One form of wheat began in Ethiopia. - Neolithic






7. Created by repeated pecking at grindstones b/c too smooth to grind red ochre=Macehead (Egypt/Nile Valley)- Neolithic






8. Essential mechanism of evolution proposed by Charles Darwin - and is the process by which those members of a particular species that are better adapted to their environment survive longer and produce more offspring than the poorer adapted.






9. Position from which members engage in social practices. (Sociology focuses on interrelationship/effect of status






10. Cradle of mankind. tanzania (30m long) Leakey family (1950s) 7 layers. found tools of habillus and erectus.






11. Lemurs - monkeys - Apes and humans. Prehensile/Grasping hands..Some-opposable thumb - larger males than females. flat fingernails.






12. Species of people that inhabited much of Europe and the Mediterranean lands c. 200 -000-28 -000 years ago. The name derives from the discovery in 1856 of remains in a cave above Germany's Neander Valley. Neanderthals were short - stout - and powerful






13. Massive pyramidal stepped tower made of mudbricks. It is associated with religious complexes in ancient Mesopotamian cities - Sumerians.






14. Logic/Observation (not gods). Thales - Xenophanes - Pyhtagorus - Hippocrates. Differed from Near Eastern thought.






15. Person is considered equally related to kinfolk on either side of the family. Western Socs. (bilateral)






16. Common ancestor. Endogamy forbidden (regarded as incest). Can be Matriclan/Patriclan






17. Marks change in social or sexual status. Birth - Circumcision - Coming of Age - Wedding - Menopause - Death






18. Ritual in Burma/Thai boy monks 7-14 - 'Jewel Princess'






19. The exchange of genetic material between maternal and paternal chromosomes - creating a new combination of genes on the chromosome.






20. Ancient Roman patrilineal clan that shared the same surname - and a legendary common ancestor (worshipped)






21. System of symbols - mediate b/n an individual and his world. Way of Life. Make sense of world - motivate behavior






22. Symbols that provide info about a person or object (red light=danger)






23. Man marries widow of his dead brother






24. One of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic - such as hair color






25. The earliest member of the genus Homo - ape-like - found on sites dating 2mya Dr. Leakey in Olduvai Gorge - Africa. 775cc brain (1/2 sapien) tool users. Lived 50 -000 years. 'handy man'






26. Muslim (up to 4 wives by law). Middle East - Asia - North Africa. Native Americans (before European values)






27. The archaeology of ancient Greece and Rome






28. Communal Ownership of Land. Some ownership - but pastures - forests - mountains - waterways - sacred grounds - are shared






29. 'Upright Man' - An extinct species of the genus Homo - Africa/Europe/Asia. fire and tools. hand ax. early speech.






30. The aspect of archaeology that deals with the past of man before he learned to write has - since the middle of the 19th century - aka prehistory.






31. First farming. 9-7k BC. Middle East (Iraq - Iran - Israel etc.) Barley - wheat - sheep - goats. (cows/pigs later). Spread from Middle East north to Europe - Neolithic






32. Chopper-chopping tool industry (Pebble Industry). Wood -bone -stone tools. Homo Erectus. Hand-Axe (700kya): Abbevillian Industry (France) and later - Acheulian Industry (Eur/Af/As). Flake Stone Tools (flint): Clactonian Industry






33. Anthropologist: Indians (North - Central - South America). Recorded folktales of blacks in N. America and West Indies.






34. Earliest known bipedal hominid with ape like brain - ex. Lucy 3.2 mya. 400cc brain. Africa.






35. Women are material objects - promised to a man in return for reciprocity (usually another woman - or political alliance






36. Created by Setting upper grindstone at an angle when grinding red ochre=sharp edge=Celt (like a chisel or axe - Egypt)- Neolithic






37. Based on institutionalized beliefs and practices dealing with ultimate meaning of life. Belief stems from their experience of the world.






38. The genetic makeup of an organism as indicated by its set of alleles - that determines hereditary potential/limits from embyro to adulthood.






39. Began 5k ya in Mesopotamia - Egypt - possible to create flood control plans. Later in India - China - then Europe.






40. Set of rights and obligations inherent in a social position.






41. A systematic and detailed description of a particular culture primarily based on fieldwork - direct contact - and qualitive research.






42. German archeologists who discovered the site of Troy in the late 1800's






43. Transfer of cultural traits/ideas from one society/ethnic group to another. McDonald's (US=Fast Food - China=Special Occasion)






44. The actual time (usually measured in years) as determined by radioactive decay of elements






45. Through the mother but DOES NOT imply matriarchy






46. Viewpoint of Anthropologists. Economy that is embedded within other social structures and institutions. Interaction of humans with their environment - methods of 'want' satisfaction. Holistic. Opponents argue that Formalist approach only applies to m






47. A change or alteration in nitrogenous bases of DNA.






48. The observable characteristics of an organism - including physical appearance.






49. Family that raised you






50. (1940)archaeological prospecting employing electricity and magnetic fields. A method of large-scale oil prospecting: electrical conductivity present in the soil.