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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Change based on belief in inevitable advance of science and Western secularism. Industrial growth - consolidation of the state - bureaucratization - market economy - tech advances - literacy - social mobility






2. Father of Modern Anthropology - noted for applying the scientific method to the study of human cultures and societies. Opposed evolutionist.






3. Old Stone Age. 2.5 mya - 2kya. Chipped stone tools. earliest human ancestors. pleistocene.






4. Perform Rituals in belief that ancestors will recognize their own people and make very valuable cargo come (utopian/millenial). John Frum






5. Anthropologist: reciprocity - gift economy - Durkheim's nephew






6. Man marries widow of his dead brother






7. Civilization to invent 'zero'






8. Branch of anthropology - systematic and detailed comparison of human races - their origin - distribution - culture - etc.






9. Specialization in Indus Socs. Not in Tribal Socs (age/gender decides who does what). Amazon tribes specialize though






10. A type of agricultural activity based on nomadic animal husbandry or the raising of livestock to provide food - clothing - and shelter.






11. A theory stressing the importance of interdependence among all behavior patterns and institutions within a social system to its long-term survival. (Emile Durkheim)






12. Position from which members engage in social practices. (Sociology focuses on interrelationship/effect of status






13. Cluster of 3 or more sibs - clans - kinship groups considered a single unit (but retain sep IDs within) - Native Americans: Used animal sign to ID (Tlingit Tribe: Matri] - Intermarriage b/n phratries was mandated)






14. Scarcity - Supply & Demand - Self-interest - personal gain - rational decision-making. Economy can be analyzed independent of other social structures and institutions.Emph: Choice of Indiv actor






15. A polygamous mating system involving one female and many males.






16. Strong social prohibition. Abhorrent to society. Eg - Hinduism: killing the co






17. By-product of grinding red ochre (magic powers) - Neolithic






18. The scientific study of the structure - sounds - and meaning of language






19. Basic building blocks of culture. Without them - there is no culture






20. Yanonamo Village invites another village. Social gathering/political alliances (like dinner party). Yan=deceiptful






21. Describe behavior in insider/natives own terms. Actor's own reasons - interpretations - customs - beliefs






22. All the knowledge and values shared by a society






23. The subfield of anthropology that focuses on variations in cultural behaviors among human populations






24. Anthropologist: 12-volume comparative study of Religion (using ethnographic details) - evolution of religion from magic.






25. Study of remains found in layers of soil and rock






26. What people ACTUALLY do in everyday - real life interactio






27. Seperation(leave) - Liminality(limbo) - Incorporation(rejoin).






28. Muslim (up to 4 wives by law). Middle East - Asia - North Africa. Native Americans (before European values)






29. 'Verbal Evaluation - Patterns of Association - symbolic Indicators(wealth/dress/job)'. Haviland






30. Belief of early anthropologist that cultures evolve through various stages from a simpler and more primitive state to a complex and more culturally advanced state.






31. The school of thought developed by the French anthropologist Claude Levi-Strauss - in which cultures - viewed as systems - are analyzed in terms of the structural relations among their elements. Referring to mental structure.






32. Species of people that inhabited much of Europe and the Mediterranean lands c. 200 -000-28 -000 years ago. The name derives from the discovery in 1856 of remains in a cave above Germany's Neander Valley. Neanderthals were short - stout - and powerful






33. Family who excavate Olduvai Gorge






34. Exchange of goods/services/gifts/emotions b/n two parties. Often ritual/ceremony. Characteristic of HG groups






35. Planned - rescue - and accidental.






36. Ceremonial distrib of property/gifts to affirm social status. Ritual generosity - conspic consump. Wealth used to purchase Prestige. NW Pacific Indian Tribes Haida - Nuxalk - Tlingit - Tsimshian - Salish - Nuu-chah-nulth - and Kwakiutl. Also similar






37. Anthropologist: After armchair anthro...embarked on early anthro expeditions (not scientifically rigorous).






38. The 1st in the three stages of the evolution theory developed by Lewis Henry Morgan. (hunter-gatherer - hordes - no class - no ownership).






39. Women are material objects - promised to a man in return for reciprocity (usually another woman - or political alliance






40. A subdivision within the primate order based on shared anatomical characteristics that larger brains - binocular vision - parental care - longer gestational period - slower maturation.






41. Melanesia (SW Pacific WWII+). Western goods created by ancestral spirits (intended for them - but controlled by whites).






42. Ancient Hebrew manuscripts hidden in clay jars in caves near Qumran by the Dead Sea that were discovered accidentally by Bedouin while looking for a stray animal in 1947..






43. Cultural phenom existed for a reason - but persist when conditions change (superstition=vestige of rational practices).






44. Indians: Tribal villages (farmer class) - religious urban centers (priest class) - TIME/Astronomy/math - pyramids - reptilian gods.






45. Study of human activity and cultures through material remains. non-natural science. half science - half humanity. Fills in gaps in human history.






46. Refined the Flake Stone Tools (flint): Mousterian Industry. Neanderthal Man.






47. Identifying impact of federal development on archaeological sites and historical buildings






48. A systematic and detailed description of a particular culture primarily based on fieldwork - direct contact - and qualitive research.






49. What people SHOULD do according to values and norms






50. All cultures accept. But only 20% of societies are considered strictly monogamous (one marriage per lifetime)