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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. (Foragers): Earliest and most stable form of human subsistence. Unit of production = Unit of Consumption. Of 150billion who have ever lived - 60% were HG. 99% of history as humans is as HG






2. Wheat - barley - flax began in Asia. Entered Africa through Nile Delta (Egypt). One form of wheat began in Ethiopia. - Neolithic






3. Old Stone Age. 2.5 mya - 2kya. Chipped stone tools. earliest human ancestors. pleistocene.






4. A subdivision within the primate order based on shared anatomical characteristics that larger brains - binocular vision - parental care - longer gestational period - slower maturation.






5. Father of Modern Anthropology - noted for applying the scientific method to the study of human cultures and societies. Opposed evolutionist.






6. Through the mother but DOES NOT imply matriarchy






7. Not universal. Evolved in last 10k years (surplus food - development of states). States are political system most likely to go to war






8. Logic/Observation (not gods). Thales - Xenophanes - Pyhtagorus - Hippocrates. Differed from Near Eastern thought.






9. People group: (S. Mesopotamia/Iraq). Advanced Tech (bronze tools/weapons). Writing (cuneiform) - law - educations - intellectual - economic. City-state government






10. Anthropologist: After armchair anthro...embarked on early anthro expeditions (not scientifically rigorous).






11. Married couple + Kids (incl. Foster - adopted - natural children). Most common form in US.aka Conjugal Family






12. Goods flow to central place - and are distributed again (Eg -US Tax System). Reqs strong central political organization. Sometimes Prestige is derived from giving away valuables






13. Species of people that inhabited much of Europe and the Mediterranean lands c. 200 -000-28 -000 years ago. The name derives from the discovery in 1856 of remains in a cave above Germany's Neander Valley. Neanderthals were short - stout - and powerful






14. Anthropologist: How natives think - mystic participation






15. Identifying impact of federal development on archaeological sites and historical buildings






16. Indissoluble in Roman Catholic and Hindu. Pueblo Indians: woman simply leaves moccasins on the doorstep (NM -AZ) No divorce allowed in Malta - Philippines. Low divorce rate in Japan. Islam allows but discourages (3x limit)






17. Family that raised you






18. Non-industrial socs. People produce own food - but an elite controls a portion of production






19. Technology that Spread east to Indus River Valley (India) by 5k BC






20. Transfer of cultural traits/ideas from one society/ethnic group to another. McDonald's (US=Fast Food - China=Special Occasion)






21. Story with deep explanatory or symbolic resonance for a culture






22. Early humans and human like creature. Erect - large complex brain - tool-using - community organization.






23. The archaeology of ancient Greece and Rome






24. Anthropologist: symbolic anthropology. Interpretation of cultures.






25. The actual time (usually measured in years) as determined by radioactive decay of elements






26. States (see themselves as manipulating their environment - controlling it - dominating it - for self-interest).






27. Permanent formal government structures and socioeconomic stratification. Most people in world's society. Autonomous political units - social classes - Formal govt based on Law - social status - population control - judges - law enf - fiscal.






28. Random change in allele frequencies that occurs in small populations. Sewall-Wright effect






29. New family you form when you marry and have children.






30. Ways to date artifacts






31. Each inherited characteristic is determined by two heredity factors/genes - one from each parent - which determines whether a gene will be dominant or recessive.

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32. Mexico - sun/war/civilization gods - subord women - human sacrifice - cannibalism - time/calendars. Caste system - architecture - learning and the arts - polytheistic - pictorial alphabet






33. (Reverence): Most rituals mark day - month - season - year - stage of life - new event. Burial Rituals found from 20kya






34. Ceremonial distrib of property/gifts to affirm social status. Ritual generosity - conspic consump. Wealth used to purchase Prestige. NW Pacific Indian Tribes Haida - Nuxalk - Tlingit - Tsimshian - Salish - Nuu-chah-nulth - and Kwakiutl. Also similar






35. 'Upright Man' - An extinct species of the genus Homo - Africa/Europe/Asia. fire and tools. hand ax. early speech.






36. The school of thought developed by the French anthropologist Claude Levi-Strauss - in which cultures - viewed as systems - are analyzed in terms of the structural relations among their elements. Referring to mental structure.






37. Communal Ownership of Land. Some ownership - but pastures - forests - mountains - waterways - sacred grounds - are shared






38. Evaluating other groups according to THEIR standards (not judging)






39. Family who excavate Olduvai Gorge






40. Penalty for violating moral principle or law. Larger society=more formal sanction






41. Common ancestor. Endogamy forbidden (regarded as incest). Can be Matriclan/Patriclan






42. The study of the principles and rules that regulate word structure in language.






43. Study of remains found in layers of soil and rock






44. Method of detecting buried features by locating the magnetic disturbances they cause: (1957-58) proton magnetometer - the proton gradiometer - and the fluxgate gradiometer.






45. Primitive people. Some people have special power - middlemen b/n man and god. Performs ritual magic to save tribe in trouble






46. Shorthand - Morse Code






47. Value of gift and time of repayment are not specified






48. Form of government of Hittites - Assyrians - Babylonians - Israelites






49. Marriage within one's own tribe or group as required by custom or law






50. Ancient Hebrew manuscripts hidden in clay jars in caves near Qumran by the Dead Sea that were discovered accidentally by Bedouin while looking for a stray animal in 1947..







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