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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Viewpoint of Anthropologists. Economy that is embedded within other social structures and institutions. Interaction of humans with their environment - methods of 'want' satisfaction. Holistic. Opponents argue that Formalist approach only applies to m






2. The study of the literal meanings and the interpretation of words.






3. Marriage within one's own tribe or group as required by custom or law






4. (Middle Stone Age): 10kya. Hunter/Gatherer (w/ fish). Baskets - Pots - - harpoons - canoes - store food. Holocene. Not much development in art - focused on inventions - diversification of subsistence strategies






5. Anthrpologist: Arapaho - archeo/anthro. preservation of Indian tribal culture. salvage ethnography. student of Boas.






6. Focusing efforts to implement positive change in a culture






7. (skills that only some people have) Playing guitar - understanding algebra.






8. The observable characteristics of an organism - including physical appearance.






9. Social Movements to build an ideology that is relevant to changing cultural needs (their understanding of world). Eg: Melanesian Cargo Cults - or Mormonism in the US (Joseph Smith)






10. USA/Mexico/C. Am. Corn (maize) - beans - squash 6500BC (village life not until 2k BC).- Neolithic






11. Ceremonial distrib of property/gifts to affirm social status. Ritual generosity - conspic consump. Wealth used to purchase Prestige. NW Pacific Indian Tribes Haida - Nuxalk - Tlingit - Tsimshian - Salish - Nuu-chah-nulth - and Kwakiutl. Also similar






12. A change or alteration in nitrogenous bases of DNA.






13. States (see themselves as manipulating their environment - controlling it - dominating it - for self-interest).






14. Lord owned the land. Allocated land to Nobles (for loyalty/mil service). Serfs/slaves=Actually Part of the Property






15. Fixed at birth - unchangeable - endogamous. India: Brahmins - warriors - artisans - laborers (then untouchables)






16. Set of rights and obligations inherent in a social position.






17. The study of the patterns and distributions of speech sounds in a language and the tacit rules for their pronunciation.






18. The linguistic hypothesis holds that language predisposes us to see the world in a certain way was developed by these two.






19. Primitive people. Some people have special power - middlemen b/n man and god. Performs ritual magic to save tribe in trouble






20. (Veblen): Display of wealth by its owner for social prestige






21. Ritual in Japan/Samurai - boys 12-16 - temple - adult clothes/hair






22. Marriage to a person belonging to a tribe or group other than your own as required by custom or law






23. (Foragers): Earliest and most stable form of human subsistence. Unit of production = Unit of Consumption. Of 150billion who have ever lived - 60% were HG. 99% of history as humans is as HG






24. Penalty for violating moral principle or law. Larger society=more formal sanction






25. Catarrhini (hooked nose). Asia - Africa - Europe. large mammals. ground dwellers. carniverous. harems/sexual dimorphism. non-prehensile tails (baboons - macaque - proboscic monkey.






26. Structionalism. Amazon tribe. ethnographic.






27. Anthropologist: formation of personalities






28. Goods flow to central place - and are distributed again (Eg -US Tax System). Reqs strong central political organization. Sometimes Prestige is derived from giving away valuables






29. The living world. the regions of the surface and atmosphere of the Earth (or other planet) where living organisms exist






30. Perform Rituals in belief that ancestors will recognize their own people and make very valuable cargo come (utopian/millenial). John Frum






31. Civilization to invent 'zero'






32. 'Upright Man' - An extinct species of the genus Homo - Africa/Europe/Asia. fire and tools. hand ax. early speech.






33. Closest living animal to modern humans. 96% same DNA.






34. The subfield of anthropology that focuses on variations in cultural behaviors among human populations






35. Each inherited characteristic is determined by two heredity factors/genes - one from each parent - which determines whether a gene will be dominant or recessive.

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36. The study of how people use language in context - how utterances are used - either figuratively or literally - in communicative acts.






37. Essential mechanism of evolution proposed by Charles Darwin - and is the process by which those members of a particular species that are better adapted to their environment survive longer and produce more offspring than the poorer adapted.






38. Anthropologist: symbolic anthropology. Interpretation of cultures.






39. King of Babylon. had law code (discipline - order in society - pessimistic outlook) Sanctioned by the gods






40. Spread of innovations in the Cradle of Civilization . Modified: Various centers spread innovation






41. Specialization in Indus Socs. Not in Tribal Socs (age/gender decides who does what). Amazon tribes specialize though






42. Ritual in Burma/Thai boy monks 7-14 - 'Jewel Princess'






43. What people SHOULD do according to values and norms






44. Spread to Huang Ho (Yellow River Valley) of China - and SE Asia by 3500BC (millet and rice).- Neolithic






45. Basic building blocks of culture. Without them - there is no culture






46. Flat/broad nosed primates; New World monkeys






47. An impersonal supernatural force that flows in and out of people and objects






48. Anthropologist: (early 1900s): Culture = combination of universals - alternatives - specialties - individual peculiarities. The Study of Man (1936) and The Tree of Culture (1955)






49. Cultural phenom existed for a reason - but persist when conditions change (superstition=vestige of rational practices).






50. System of symbols - mediate b/n an individual and his world. Way of Life. Make sense of world - motivate behavior







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