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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Religion. Most important intellectual development. Flourished b/c of weakening Egypt & annihilation of Hittites (1200BC)






2. Provisional sampling cuts to explore potential excavation sites. Tigris/Euphrates flooded regularly so hard to navigate.






3. Large neolithic farming village in Turkey during 6700 B.C. - 5700 B.C.






4. Ancient Roman patrilineal clan that shared the same surname - and a legendary common ancestor (worshipped)






5. Indissoluble in Roman Catholic and Hindu. Pueblo Indians: woman simply leaves moccasins on the doorstep (NM -AZ) No divorce allowed in Malta - Philippines. Low divorce rate in Japan. Islam allows but discourages (3x limit)






6. Anthropologist: (early 1900s): Culture = combination of universals - alternatives - specialties - individual peculiarities. The Study of Man (1936) and The Tree of Culture (1955)






7. Authority is allocated. Use force to achieve peace & conformance with law & custom - maintain territory against ext threat.






8. Indians: Tribal villages (farmer class) - religious urban centers (priest class) - TIME/Astronomy/math - pyramids - reptilian gods.






9. Found Australopathicus skull in 1959. Upright human footprints in 1978






10. Collecting community data for use by development planners






11. The actual time (usually measured in years) as determined by radioactive decay of elements






12. The archaeology of ancient Egypt






13. A larger collection of DNA that contains many genes and the support proteins needed to control these genes.






14. The study of the different sounds employed by language.






15. Skipped Bronze Age. Intermediate Neolithic tools were used instead (Zaire - Ghana). But not in Kenya (no celts - axes etc)






16. First farming. 9-7k BC. Middle East (Iraq - Iran - Israel etc.) Barley - wheat - sheep - goats. (cows/pigs later). Spread from Middle East north to Europe - Neolithic






17. Father of Modern Anthropology - noted for applying the scientific method to the study of human cultures and societies. Opposed evolutionist.






18. The exchange of genetic material between maternal and paternal chromosomes - creating a new combination of genes on the chromosome.






19. Marks change in social or sexual status. Birth - Circumcision - Coming of Age - Wedding - Menopause - Death






20. Method of detecting buried features by locating the magnetic disturbances they cause: (1957-58) proton magnetometer - the proton gradiometer - and the fluxgate gradiometer.






21. Goods flow to central place - and are distributed again (Eg -US Tax System). Reqs strong central political organization. Sometimes Prestige is derived from giving away valuables






22. A social bond based on common ancestry - marriage - or adoption






23. Category of individuals who enjoy equal prestige according to a society. (Perception of class is relative). Economics - social status - aesthetic preferences - behavior - occupation - appearance - civic involvement






24. Seperation(leave) - Liminality(limbo) - Incorporation(rejoin).






25. Personal quirks: Get up at certain time - order of getting dressed - etc






26. The process of removing earth carefully and systemically from an area in order to find buried remains






27. First used in admin of British Colonies by Northcote Thomas in Nigeria in 1908. 'Age of Enlightenment'/Natural Science






28. (1940)archaeological prospecting employing electricity and magnetic fields. A method of large-scale oil prospecting: electrical conductivity present in the soil.






29. Specialization in Indus Socs. Not in Tribal Socs (age/gender decides who does what). Amazon tribes specialize though






30. Characteristics are inherited independently from other characteristics

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31. The living world. the regions of the surface and atmosphere of the Earth (or other planet) where living organisms exist






32. Belief of early anthropologist that cultures evolve through various stages from a simpler and more primitive state to a complex and more culturally advanced state.






33. Chavin - Chibcham Chimor - Chachapoya - Huari - Inca - Moche - Nazca - Tairona - Tiwanaku






34. (Veblen): Display of wealth by its owner for social prestige






35. Earliest known bipedal hominid with ape like brain - ex. Lucy 3.2 mya. 400cc brain. Africa.






36. Half way b/n tribe and a state. Permanent political structure. Transitional form of sociopol org in evolution of tribe to state






37. Evaluating other groups according to THEIR standards (not judging)






38. Anthropologist: After armchair anthro...embarked on early anthro expeditions (not scientifically rigorous).






39. Small segment of DNA that codes for the systhesis (creation) of a specific protein - and thus determines a trait.






40. People group: (S. Mesopotamia/Iraq). Advanced Tech (bronze tools/weapons). Writing (cuneiform) - law - educations - intellectual - economic. City-state government






41. Created by repeated pecking at grindstones b/c too smooth to grind red ochre=Macehead (Egypt/Nile Valley)- Neolithic






42. (some people do it differently) Sex roles - religion - age roles






43. Ritual of Greek Citizenship






44. World's first cities appeared between the years 4000 and 3500 BC.






45. Flat/broad nosed primates; New World monkeys






46. Relatives on each side of marriage - extending at least to second cousin. Urbanization - migration = less importance






47. Viewpoint of Anthropologists. Economy that is embedded within other social structures and institutions. Interaction of humans with their environment - methods of 'want' satisfaction. Holistic. Opponents argue that Formalist approach only applies to m






48. The study of the literal meanings and the interpretation of words.






49. Hawaiian - aroi sun kingdom






50. Melanesia (SW Pacific WWII+). Western goods created by ancestral spirits (intended for them - but controlled by whites).