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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Theory that sees society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability. (Talcott Parsons)






2. Anthrpologist: Arapaho - archeo/anthro. preservation of Indian tribal culture. salvage ethnography. student of Boas.






3. Mexico - sun/war/civilization gods - subord women - human sacrifice - cannibalism - time/calendars. Caste system - architecture - learning and the arts - polytheistic - pictorial alphabet






4. Cultural phenom existed for a reason - but persist when conditions change (superstition=vestige of rational practices).






5. A systematic and detailed description of a particular culture primarily based on fieldwork - direct contact - and qualitive research.






6. Said anthropology is a 'Policy Science'. Urged for its use in improving the human condition. What is Culture - cross-cultural.






7. Created by repeated pecking at grindstones b/c too smooth to grind red ochre=Macehead (Egypt/Nile Valley)- Neolithic






8. Food foragers (in-sync with env - see themselves as a harmonious part of natural world).






9. Thinker: social stratification






10. Communal Ownership of Land. Some ownership - but pastures - forests - mountains - waterways - sacred grounds - are shared






11. 20 century anthropologist.structural-functionalism. primitive societies - Durkhiem






12. Position from which members engage in social practices. (Sociology focuses on interrelationship/effect of status






13. Strong social prohibition. Abhorrent to society. Eg - Hinduism: killing the co






14. Anthropologist: 12-volume comparative study of Religion (using ethnographic details) - evolution of religion from magic.






15. Chavin - Chibcham Chimor - Chachapoya - Huari - Inca - Moche - Nazca - Tairona - Tiwanaku






16. Social Institutions - not theological - philosophical - or psychological phenomenons






17. Women are material objects - promised to a man in return for reciprocity (usually another woman - or political alliance






18. Indissoluble in Roman Catholic and Hindu. Pueblo Indians: woman simply leaves moccasins on the doorstep (NM -AZ) No divorce allowed in Malta - Philippines. Low divorce rate in Japan. Islam allows but discourages (3x limit)






19. A subdivision within the primate order based on shared anatomical characteristics that larger brains - binocular vision - parental care - longer gestational period - slower maturation.






20. Seperation(leave) - Liminality(limbo) - Incorporation(rejoin).






21. Describe behavior in terms familiar to the observer (enables comparative research - and making universal claims)






22. A change or alteration in nitrogenous bases of DNA.






23. 'Verbal Evaluation - Patterns of Association - symbolic Indicators(wealth/dress/job)'. Haviland






24. From Africa to Eurasia (through Himalayas/Silk Road - across straight of Gilbralter.






25. Family that raised you






26. Viewpoint of Anthropologists. Economy that is embedded within other social structures and institutions. Interaction of humans with their environment - methods of 'want' satisfaction. Holistic. Opponents argue that Formalist approach only applies to m






27. Referring to time as it relates to something older or younger; not exact dates.






28. 1/2 Founder of Modern Anthropology. After River (more rigor). Studied American Indians (1880s documented) Coined 'Cultural Relativism'. Sat with elders to hear their historic accounts of their culture. [Salvage ethnography]






29. Groups descended from mother or father's line only. (unilateral)






30. The study of the rules for the formation of grammatical sentences in a language.






31. The sex cell of a plant or animal may contain one factor (allele) for different traits but not both factors needed to express the traits

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32. Hypertrophic horticulture among large populations






33. Hawaiian - aroi sun kingdom






34. Earliest known bipedal hominid with ape like brain - ex. Lucy 3.2 mya. 400cc brain. Africa.






35. What people ACTUALLY do in everyday - real life interactio






36. (New Stone Age): 10kya. Domestic animals - villages - pottery - weaving - food producing (not collecting). Holocene. Beginning of real civilization (Final stage of prehistoric cult evol/techno dev)






37. Category of individuals who enjoy equal prestige according to a society. (Perception of class is relative). Economics - social status - aesthetic preferences - behavior - occupation - appearance - civic involvement






38. (geology) the principle that in a series of stratified sedimentary rocks the lowest stratum is the oldest






39. Relatives on each side of marriage - extending at least to second cousin. Urbanization - migration = less importance






40. Perform Rituals in belief that ancestors will recognize their own people and make very valuable cargo come (utopian/millenial). John Frum






41. 40 -000 to 8000 B.C. homo sapiens. Found in France. Brain size 1 -400cc. Created art. paleolithic.






42. Scarcity - Supply & Demand - Self-interest - personal gain - rational decision-making. Economy can be analyzed independent of other social structures and institutions.Emph: Choice of Indiv actor






43. Giving and receiving are specific as to value of goods - and time of delivery.






44. A theory stressing the importance of interdependence among all behavior patterns and institutions within a social system to its long-term survival. (Emile Durkheim)






45. Anthropologist: How natives think - mystic participation






46. The study of the principles and rules that regulate word structure in language.






47. One of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic - such as hair color






48. Ritual in Japan/Samurai - boys 12-16 - temple - adult clothes/hair






49. The genetic makeup of an organism as indicated by its set of alleles - that determines hereditary potential/limits from embyro to adulthood.






50. <40kya): Regional stone tool industries (Perigordian - Aurignacian - Solutrean - Magdelenian) - More complex - specialized - variety of tools. Regional artistic traditions. Homosapien - Neanderthal - Cro-magnon. Small Sculptures (E. Eur): Small - por