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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The subfield of anthropology that focuses on variations in cultural behaviors among human populations






2. Marriage within one's own tribe or group as required by custom or law






3. Marks change in social or sexual status. Birth - Circumcision - Coming of Age - Wedding - Menopause - Death






4. Referring to time as it relates to something older or younger; not exact dates.






5. Wheat - barley - flax began in Asia. Entered Africa through Nile Delta (Egypt). One form of wheat began in Ethiopia. - Neolithic






6. A polygamous mating system involving one female and many males.






7. All cultures accept. But only 20% of societies are considered strictly monogamous (one marriage per lifetime)






8. Earliest known bipedal hominid with ape like brain - ex. Lucy 3.2 mya. 400cc brain. Africa.






9. The elementary structure. all cultural systems are built is a set of four types of organically linked relationships: brother/sister - husband/wife - father/son - and mother's brother/sister's son. (Levi-Strauss).






10. Animistic/Shamanistic. Animal or other naturalistic figure that spiritually represents a person or a clan (intimate relationship)






11. From Africa to Eurasia (through Himalayas/Silk Road - across straight of Gilbralter.






12. Created by repeated pecking at grindstones b/c too smooth to grind red ochre=Macehead (Egypt/Nile Valley)- Neolithic






13. Using a radioactive process to determine the age of an item. millions of years.






14. 40 -000 to 8000 B.C. homo sapiens. Found in France. Brain size 1 -400cc. Created art. paleolithic.






15. A group of sexually reproducing individuals (of the same species) mating with each other and sharing a common gene pool.






16. 20 century anthropologist.structural-functionalism. primitive societies - Durkhiem






17. The archaeology of ancient Egypt






18. The 3rd in the three stages of the evolution theory developed by Lewis Henry Morgan. Human form of culture. many people in urban center - smelt metals - method of writing.






19. A homo erectus discovered by Dutch physician and anatomist Eugene Dubois in 1891 in JAVA Indonesia -






20. Determining the success of a project






21. Ritual of Greek Citizenship






22. An impersonal supernatural force that flows in and out of people and objects






23. Relatives on each side of marriage - extending at least to second cousin. Urbanization - migration = less importance






24. <40kya): Regional stone tool industries (Perigordian - Aurignacian - Solutrean - Magdelenian) - More complex - specialized - variety of tools. Regional artistic traditions. Homosapien - Neanderthal - Cro-magnon. Small Sculptures (E. Eur): Small - por






25. Basic building blocks of culture. Without them - there is no culture






26. Skipped Bronze Age. Intermediate Neolithic tools were used instead (Zaire - Ghana). But not in Kenya (no celts - axes etc)






27. Through the mother but DOES NOT imply matriarchy






28. The commonness of the occurrence of any particular allele in a population (a fraction)






29. Indians: Tribal villages (farmer class) - religious urban centers (priest class) - TIME/Astronomy/math - pyramids - reptilian gods.






30. Runway/airstrip/radios (coconuts and straw to attract aircraft with cargo). Ritual marches (twigs/guns - insignia 'USA' to look like soldiers)






31. Anthropologist: cross-cultural values






32. Deoxyribonucleic acid; genetic formation in a double-helix; (Watson & Crick)






33. First farming. 9-7k BC. Middle East (Iraq - Iran - Israel etc.) Barley - wheat - sheep - goats. (cows/pigs later). Spread from Middle East north to Europe - Neolithic






34. Logic/Observation (not gods). Thales - Xenophanes - Pyhtagorus - Hippocrates. Differed from Near Eastern thought.






35. Food foragers (in-sync with env - see themselves as a harmonious part of natural world).






36. (Reverence): Most rituals mark day - month - season - year - stage of life - new event. Burial Rituals found from 20kya






37. Fixed at birth - unchangeable - endogamous. India: Brahmins - warriors - artisans - laborers (then untouchables)






38. Category of individuals who enjoy equal prestige according to a society. (Perception of class is relative). Economics - social status - aesthetic preferences - behavior - occupation - appearance - civic involvement






39. Position from which members engage in social practices. (Sociology focuses on interrelationship/effect of status






40. The discovery and recording of archaeological sites and their examination by methods other than the use of the spade and the trowel






41. German archeologists who discovered the site of Troy in the late 1800's






42. Buying/selling goods & Services with prices set by supply & demand. (usually involves money). Haviland: Informal v. Formal (govt controlled)






43. USA/Mexico/C. Am. Corn (maize) - beans - squash 6500BC (village life not until 2k BC).- Neolithic






44. Melanesia (SW Pacific WWII+). Western goods created by ancestral spirits (intended for them - but controlled by whites).






45. The process through which genes pass from the gene pool of one population through mating and reproduction to that of another.






46. The non-living world. the area from the surface of earth down to its center.






47. Study of human activity and cultures through material remains. non-natural science. half science - half humanity. Fills in gaps in human history.






48. Person is considered equally related to kinfolk on either side of the family. Western Socs. (bilateral)






49. Specialization in Indus Socs. Not in Tribal Socs (age/gender decides who does what). Amazon tribes specialize though






50. Shift of population from food production to specialization. Strong sense of ownership of land.