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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Anthropologist: reciprocity - gift economy - Durkheim's nephew






2. Symbols that provide info about a person or object (red light=danger)






3. Half way b/n tribe and a state. Permanent political structure. Transitional form of sociopol org in evolution of tribe to state






4. Cultural phenom existed for a reason - but persist when conditions change (superstition=vestige of rational practices).






5. Branch of anthropology - systematic and detailed comparison of human races - their origin - distribution - culture - etc.






6. With reference to the writing of P. Teilhard de Chardin - a stage - world or sphere of evolutionary development characterized by consciousness - the mind - information and interpersonal relationships.






7. The discovery and recording of archaeological sites and their examination by methods other than the use of the spade and the trowel






8. New family you form when you marry and have children.






9. The living world. the regions of the surface and atmosphere of the Earth (or other planet) where living organisms exist






10. Scarcity - Supply & Demand - Self-interest - personal gain - rational decision-making. Economy can be analyzed independent of other social structures and institutions.Emph: Choice of Indiv actor






11. Value of gift and time of repayment are not specified






12. 20 century anthropologist.structural-functionalism. primitive societies - Durkhiem






13. Thinker. functionalism. religion. suicide






14. Spread of an IDEA from one group to another.






15. Acting as a communiction link between producers and users of new technology






16. King of Babylon. had law code (discipline - order in society - pessimistic outlook) Sanctioned by the gods






17. First farming. 9-7k BC. Middle East (Iraq - Iran - Israel etc.) Barley - wheat - sheep - goats. (cows/pigs later). Spread from Middle East north to Europe - Neolithic






18. Marks change in social or sexual status. Birth - Circumcision - Coming of Age - Wedding - Menopause - Death






19. Anthrpologist: Arapaho - archeo/anthro. preservation of Indian tribal culture. salvage ethnography. student of Boas.






20. Cholula - Huastec - Mixtec - Olmec - Pipil - Totonac - Toltec - Zapote






21. Social Movements to build an ideology that is relevant to changing cultural needs (their understanding of world). Eg: Melanesian Cargo Cults - or Mormonism in the US (Joseph Smith)






22. The observable characteristics of an organism - including physical appearance.






23. (geology) the principle that in a series of stratified sedimentary rocks the lowest stratum is the oldest






24. Closest living animal to modern humans. 96% same DNA.






25. Difference in the genes between different species or members of the same species - caused by the varying number of structure of the chromosome. Not all may be observable as phenotypic variations






26. The sum total of the genes carried by the individual members of the population






27. Africa: Jackals=Dogs. Donkeys - cats. (entered religious thought - animistic philosphy of Egypt) - Neolithic






28. Flat/broad nosed primates; New World monkeys






29. 'Upright Man' - An extinct species of the genus Homo - Africa/Europe/Asia. fire and tools. hand ax. early speech.






30. Essential mechanism of evolution proposed by Charles Darwin - and is the process by which those members of a particular species that are better adapted to their environment survive longer and produce more offspring than the poorer adapted.






31. Position from which members engage in social practices. (Sociology focuses on interrelationship/effect of status






32. Describe behavior in terms familiar to the observer (enables comparative research - and making universal claims)






33. Study of human activity and cultures through material remains. non-natural science. half science - half humanity. Fills in gaps in human history.






34. Belief of early anthropologist that cultures evolve through various stages from a simpler and more primitive state to a complex and more culturally advanced state.






35. Transfer of cultural traits/ideas from one society/ethnic group to another. McDonald's (US=Fast Food - China=Special Occasion)






36. Any agent (physical or environmental) that can induce a genetic mutation or can increase the rate of mutation






37. Form of government of Hittites - Assyrians - Babylonians - Israelites






38. A systematic and detailed description of a particular culture primarily based on fieldwork - direct contact - and qualitive research.






39. The non-living world. the area from the surface of earth down to its center.






40. Person is considered equally related to kinfolk on either side of the family. Western Socs. (bilateral)






41. The actual time (usually measured in years) as determined by radioactive decay of elements






42. Relatives through marriage






43. Marriage within one's own tribe or group as required by custom or law






44. (Middle Stone Age): 10kya. Hunter/Gatherer (w/ fish). Baskets - Pots - - harpoons - canoes - store food. Holocene. Not much development in art - focused on inventions - diversification of subsistence strategies






45. Indissoluble in Roman Catholic and Hindu. Pueblo Indians: woman simply leaves moccasins on the doorstep (NM -AZ) No divorce allowed in Malta - Philippines. Low divorce rate in Japan. Islam allows but discourages (3x limit)






46. Development of Civilizations: Copper & Tin=Bronze. Replaced stone for tools/weapons






47. The process by which a living organism adapts to its environment.






48. 'Verbal Evaluation - Patterns of Association - symbolic Indicators(wealth/dress/job)'. Haviland






49. Anthropologist: (early 1900s): Culture = combination of universals - alternatives - specialties - individual peculiarities. The Study of Man (1936) and The Tree of Culture (1955)






50. The children of a parent's siblings of the opposite sex (mother's brothers - father's sisters).