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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. USA/Mexico/C. Am. Corn (maize) - beans - squash 6500BC (village life not until 2k BC).- Neolithic






2. Aborigine (dreamtime/totem)






3. Essential mechanism of evolution proposed by Charles Darwin - and is the process by which those members of a particular species that are better adapted to their environment survive longer and produce more offspring than the poorer adapted.






4. Married couple + Kids (incl. Foster - adopted - natural children). Most common form in US.aka Conjugal Family






5. The skeletal remains of Homo erectus - found at Zhoukoudian - near Peking - China - in the late 1930s and early 1940s and subsequently lost during World War II






6. Common in non-intensive food production. Villages=Various descent groups (clans/bands) - no formal govt or social classes.






7. First used in admin of British Colonies by Northcote Thomas in Nigeria in 1908. 'Age of Enlightenment'/Natural Science






8. Relatives on each side of marriage - extending at least to second cousin. Urbanization - migration = less importance






9. Created by repeated pecking at grindstones b/c too smooth to grind red ochre=Macehead (Egypt/Nile Valley)- Neolithic






10. Large neolithic farming village in Turkey during 6700 B.C. - 5700 B.C.






11. The archaeology of ancient Egypt






12. Said anthropology is a 'Policy Science'. Urged for its use in improving the human condition. What is Culture - cross-cultural.






13. Basic building blocks of culture. Without them - there is no culture






14. Primitive people. Some people have special power - middlemen b/n man and god. Performs ritual magic to save tribe in trouble






15. An impersonal supernatural force that flows in and out of people and objects






16. The scientific study of the structure - sounds - and meaning of language






17. (HG) Personalized - supernatural beings (souls or gods) inhabit ordinary objects and govern their existence. Everything has a soul. Zambia - Congo - Gabon - Guinea - Indonesia - Japan - Laos - Myanmar - Peru - Philippines (+ Canada - Russia - Sweden






18. Characteristics are inherited independently from other characteristics

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19. Logic/Observation (not gods). Thales - Xenophanes - Pyhtagorus - Hippocrates. Differed from Near Eastern thought.






20. Based on institutionalized beliefs and practices dealing with ultimate meaning of life. Belief stems from their experience of the world.






21. Skipped Bronze Age. Intermediate Neolithic tools were used instead (Zaire - Ghana). But not in Kenya (no celts - axes etc)






22. (Veblen): Display of wealth by its owner for social prestige






23. German archeologists who discovered the site of Troy in the late 1800's






24. The process of removing earth carefully and systemically from an area in order to find buried remains






25. Collecting community data for use by development planners






26. Half way b/n tribe and a state. Permanent political structure. Transitional form of sociopol org in evolution of tribe to state






27. States (see themselves as manipulating their environment - controlling it - dominating it - for self-interest).






28. Social Institutions - not theological - philosophical - or psychological phenomenons






29. A process in which chromosomes physically exchange parts.






30. Change based on belief in inevitable advance of science and Western secularism. Industrial growth - consolidation of the state - bureaucratization - market economy - tech advances - literacy - social mobility






31. Exchange of goods/services/gifts/emotions b/n two parties. Often ritual/ceremony. Characteristic of HG groups






32. Symbols that provide info about a person or object (red light=danger)






33. Traces back to ONE person






34. Referring to time as it relates to something older or younger; not exact dates.






35. British Hieroglyphics translator -Father of Archeology






36. Also known as 'biological anthropology -' studies the mechanisms of biological evolution - genetic inheritance - human adaptability and variation - primatology - and the fossil record of human evolution.






37. A theory stressing the importance of interdependence among all behavior patterns and institutions within a social system to its long-term survival. (Emile Durkheim)






38. The commonness of the occurrence of any particular allele in a population (a fraction)






39. Closest living animal to modern humans. 96% same DNA.






40. Earliest known bipedal hominid with ape like brain - ex. Lucy 3.2 mya. 400cc brain. Africa.






41. Giving and receiving are specific as to value of goods - and time of delivery.






42. Communication element. Represents a complex of person - object - group - or idea. Graphically or Representationally.






43. Hypertrophic horticulture among large populations






44. Anthropologist: Survival=Symbolic form of earlier custom (mock battle in nuptial rituals=vestige of actually 'capturing the bride'






45. Either of 2 sibs - clans - kinship groups - of unilateral descent - that together make up a tribe or society






46. Strong social prohibition. Abhorrent to society. Eg - Hinduism: killing the co






47. Marriage to a person belonging to a tribe or group other than your own as required by custom or law






48. The process by which a living organism adapts to its environment.






49. Non-industrial socs. People produce own food - but an elite controls a portion of production






50. The living world. the regions of the surface and atmosphere of the Earth (or other planet) where living organisms exist







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