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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. (geology) the principle that in a series of stratified sedimentary rocks the lowest stratum is the oldest






2. Set of rights and obligations inherent in a social position.






3. 1962; employ mine detectors. pulsed-induction meter and the soil-conductivity meter detect magnetic soil anomalies - only if the features are fairly shallow.






4. Using a radioactive process to determine the age of an item. millions of years.






5. Authority is allocated. Use force to achieve peace & conformance with law & custom - maintain territory against ext threat.






6. Action - research & development - community - advocacy - cultural/social marketing






7. Primitive people. Some people have special power - middlemen b/n man and god. Performs ritual magic to save tribe in trouble






8. Traces back to ONE person






9. Cultural phenom existed for a reason - but persist when conditions change (superstition=vestige of rational practices).






10. A group of sexually reproducing individuals (of the same species) mating with each other and sharing a common gene pool.






11. 1/2 Founder of Modern Anthropology. Ethnographic fieldwork - reciprocity - Pacific Islands. After Rivers (more rigor) 'Participant Observation'. WWI spent 2 years in Trobriand Islands (Papua New Guinea)






12. (skills that only some people have) Playing guitar - understanding algebra.






13. Marks change in social or sexual status. Birth - Circumcision - Coming of Age - Wedding - Menopause - Death






14. Spread from Middle East north to Europe (across Turkey/Greece into C. Eur. AND across Egypt/N Afr to Spain).Britain and Scandinavia became farming after 3k BC (Mesolithic Period).- Neolithic






15. Refined the Flake Stone Tools (flint): Mousterian Industry. Neanderthal Man.






16. The archaeology of ancient Egypt






17. Ways to date artifacts






18. Consists of social impact assessment - evaluation research - technology development research - cultural resource assessment






19. Common in non-intensive food production. Villages=Various descent groups (clans/bands) - no formal govt or social classes.






20. Strong social prohibition. Abhorrent to society. Eg - Hinduism: killing the co






21. Shorthand - Morse Code






22. Married couple + Kids (incl. Foster - adopted - natural children). Most common form in US.aka Conjugal Family






23. Anthropologist: How natives think - mystic participation






24. Marriage within one's own tribe or group as required by custom or law






25. Ancient Hebrew manuscripts hidden in clay jars in caves near Qumran by the Dead Sea that were discovered accidentally by Bedouin while looking for a stray animal in 1947..






26. A theory stressing the importance of interdependence among all behavior patterns and institutions within a social system to its long-term survival. (Emile Durkheim)






27. Lemurs - monkeys - Apes and humans. Prehensile/Grasping hands..Some-opposable thumb - larger males than females. flat fingernails.






28. Planned - rescue - and accidental.






29. (1940)archaeological prospecting employing electricity and magnetic fields. A method of large-scale oil prospecting: electrical conductivity present in the soil.






30. Shift of population from food production to specialization. Strong sense of ownership of land.






31. Anthropologist: reciprocity - gift economy - Durkheim's nephew






32. Position from which members engage in social practices. (Sociology focuses on interrelationship/effect of status






33. Animistic/Shamanistic. Animal or other naturalistic figure that spiritually represents a person or a clan (intimate relationship)






34. Goods flow to central place - and are distributed again (Eg -US Tax System). Reqs strong central political organization. Sometimes Prestige is derived from giving away valuables






35. Social Movements to build an ideology that is relevant to changing cultural needs (their understanding of world). Eg: Melanesian Cargo Cults - or Mormonism in the US (Joseph Smith)






36. The study of how people use language in context - how utterances are used - either figuratively or literally - in communicative acts.






37. British Hieroglyphics translator -Father of Archeology






38. Muslim (up to 4 wives by law). Middle East - Asia - North Africa. Native Americans (before European values)






39. Scarcity - Supply & Demand - Self-interest - personal gain - rational decision-making. Economy can be analyzed independent of other social structures and institutions.Emph: Choice of Indiv actor






40. Social Institutions - not theological - philosophical - or psychological phenomenons






41. Logic/Observation (not gods). Thales - Xenophanes - Pyhtagorus - Hippocrates. Differed from Near Eastern thought.






42. Hypertrophic horticulture among large populations






43. A type of agricultural activity based on nomadic animal husbandry or the raising of livestock to provide food - clothing - and shelter.






44. The living world. the regions of the surface and atmosphere of the Earth (or other planet) where living organisms exist






45. Ritual in Burma/Thai boy monks 7-14 - 'Jewel Princess'






46. Improve welfare of people in underdeveloped countries (usually through economic growth).






47. The scientific study of the structure - sounds - and meaning of language






48. From Africa to Eurasia (through Himalayas/Silk Road - across straight of Gilbralter.






49. The process of removing earth carefully and systemically from an area in order to find buried remains






50. Anthropologist: Pacific Islands(SamoaPolynesia) - cultural effects on development of personality