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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Ritual in Japan/Samurai - boys 12-16 - temple - adult clothes/hair






2. Large neolithic farming village in Turkey during 6700 B.C. - 5700 B.C.






3. Father of Modern Anthropology - noted for applying the scientific method to the study of human cultures and societies. Opposed evolutionist.






4. The application of scientific principles to agriculture especially to animal breeding






5. (Reverence): Most rituals mark day - month - season - year - stage of life - new event. Burial Rituals found from 20kya






6. 1/2 Founder of Modern Anthropology. After River (more rigor). Studied American Indians (1880s documented) Coined 'Cultural Relativism'. Sat with elders to hear their historic accounts of their culture. [Salvage ethnography]






7. Half way b/n tribe and state. Kin-based. Permanent group-based differencesin access to resources. Permanent Political Structure






8. All cultures accept. But only 20% of societies are considered strictly monogamous (one marriage per lifetime)






9. The study of the principles and rules that regulate word structure in language.






10. Viewpoint of Anthropologists. Economy that is embedded within other social structures and institutions. Interaction of humans with their environment - methods of 'want' satisfaction. Holistic. Opponents argue that Formalist approach only applies to m






11. 'Verbal Evaluation - Patterns of Association - symbolic Indicators(wealth/dress/job)'. Haviland






12. The application of Charles Darwin's ideas about evolution and 'survival of the fittest' to human societies - particularly as justification for United States expansion. (white man's burden)






13. Giving and receiving are specific as to value of goods - and time of delivery.






14. Half way b/n tribe and a state. Permanent political structure. Transitional form of sociopol org in evolution of tribe to state






15. Anthropologist: Pacific Islands(SamoaPolynesia) - cultural effects on development of personality






16. The 3rd in the three stages of the evolution theory developed by Lewis Henry Morgan. Human form of culture. many people in urban center - smelt metals - method of writing.






17. The earliest member of the genus Homo - ape-like - found on sites dating 2mya Dr. Leakey in Olduvai Gorge - Africa. 775cc brain (1/2 sapien) tool users. Lived 50 -000 years. 'handy man'






18. Things all people do the same way (language)






19. (skills that only some people have) Playing guitar - understanding algebra.






20. The sum total of the genes carried by the individual members of the population






21. By-product of grinding red ochre (magic powers) - Neolithic






22. Development of Civilizations: Copper & Tin=Bronze. Replaced stone for tools/weapons






23. Branch of anthropology - systematic and detailed comparison of human races - their origin - distribution - culture - etc.






24. Anthropologist: cross-cultural values






25. Spread from Middle East north to Europe (across Turkey/Greece into C. Eur. AND across Egypt/N Afr to Spain).Britain and Scandinavia became farming after 3k BC (Mesolithic Period).- Neolithic






26. Perform Rituals in belief that ancestors will recognize their own people and make very valuable cargo come (utopian/millenial). John Frum






27. Research that refers to in-depth study using face-to-face or observation techniques to collect data from people in their natural settings.






28. Position from which members engage in social practices. (Sociology focuses on interrelationship/effect of status






29. Skipped Bronze Age. Intermediate Neolithic tools were used instead (Zaire - Ghana). But not in Kenya (no celts - axes etc)






30. Goods flow to central place - and are distributed again (Eg -US Tax System). Reqs strong central political organization. Sometimes Prestige is derived from giving away valuables






31. Anthropologist: Indians (North - Central - South America). Recorded folktales of blacks in N. America and West Indies.






32. Using a radioactive process to determine the age of an item. millions of years.






33. Eg - Barter. Scarce goods from one group are exchanged for desirable goods from another group. Giver tries to come out on top. Ultimate form = taking by force.






34. Ruthless empire. By 665BC=Palestine - Syria - Asia Minor - Persian Gulf. buffer b/n civil Middle East & Barbarians.fell in 612BC. Internal revolution - and defeat by NeoBabylonians (Chaldeans)






35. Random change in allele frequencies that occurs in small populations. Sewall-Wright effect






36. Through the mother but DOES NOT imply matriarchy






37. Religion. Most important intellectual development. Flourished b/c of weakening Egypt & annihilation of Hittites (1200BC)






38. Permanent formal government structures and socioeconomic stratification. Most people in world's society. Autonomous political units - social classes - Formal govt based on Law - social status - population control - judges - law enf - fiscal.






39. Anthropologist: symbolic anthropology. Interpretation of cultures.






40. Plants and animals all evolved over a long period of time from simple into more complex life forms. (Darwin)






41. Political order (polity) is not a distinct institution - it is embedded in the overall social order. No formal govt






42. Cultural phenom existed for a reason - but persist when conditions change (superstition=vestige of rational practices).






43. Form of government of Hittites - Assyrians - Babylonians - Israelites






44. (Foragers): Earliest and most stable form of human subsistence. Unit of production = Unit of Consumption. Of 150billion who have ever lived - 60% were HG. 99% of history as humans is as HG






45. One of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic - such as hair color






46. Ritual in Burma/Thai boy monks 7-14 - 'Jewel Princess'






47. The subfield of anthropology that focuses on variations in cultural behaviors among human populations






48. Invented smelting of iron






49. The aspect of archaeology that deals with the past of man before he learned to write has - since the middle of the 19th century - aka prehistory.






50. The commonness of the occurrence of any particular allele in a population (a fraction)







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