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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The school of thought developed by the French anthropologist Claude Levi-Strauss - in which cultures - viewed as systems - are analyzed in terms of the structural relations among their elements. Referring to mental structure.






2. A homo erectus discovered by Dutch physician and anatomist Eugene Dubois in 1891 in JAVA Indonesia -






3. People group: (S. Mesopotamia/Iraq). Advanced Tech (bronze tools/weapons). Writing (cuneiform) - law - educations - intellectual - economic. City-state government






4. Essential mechanism of evolution proposed by Charles Darwin - and is the process by which those members of a particular species that are better adapted to their environment survive longer and produce more offspring than the poorer adapted.






5. Hypertrophic horticulture among large populations






6. Collecting community data for use by development planners






7. Specialization in Indus Socs. Not in Tribal Socs (age/gender decides who does what). Amazon tribes specialize though






8. The application of Charles Darwin's ideas about evolution and 'survival of the fittest' to human societies - particularly as justification for United States expansion. (white man's burden)






9. German archeologists who discovered the site of Troy in the late 1800's






10. Said anthropology is a 'Policy Science'. Urged for its use in improving the human condition. What is Culture - cross-cultural.






11. Permanent formal government structures and socioeconomic stratification. Most people in world's society. Autonomous political units - social classes - Formal govt based on Law - social status - population control - judges - law enf - fiscal.






12. Also known as 'biological anthropology -' studies the mechanisms of biological evolution - genetic inheritance - human adaptability and variation - primatology - and the fossil record of human evolution.






13. Using a radioactive process to determine the age of an item. millions of years.






14. The non-living world. the area from the surface of earth down to its center.






15. The observable characteristics of an organism - including physical appearance.






16. An impersonal supernatural force that flows in and out of people and objects






17. Transfer of cultural traits/ideas from one society/ethnic group to another. McDonald's (US=Fast Food - China=Special Occasion)






18. The process by which a living organism adapts to its environment.






19. Created by Setting upper grindstone at an angle when grinding red ochre=sharp edge=Celt (like a chisel or axe - Egypt)- Neolithic






20. Massive pyramidal stepped tower made of mudbricks. It is associated with religious complexes in ancient Mesopotamian cities - Sumerians.






21. Gene flow usually occuring in humans as a result of actual migration of populations (either forced or voluntary).






22. Invented smelting of iron






23. Hispanic ritual - 15 yr girl - sneakers to high heel






24. Theory that sees society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability. (Talcott Parsons)






25. Communal Ownership of Land. Some ownership - but pastures - forests - mountains - waterways - sacred grounds - are shared






26. The archaeology of ancient Greece and Rome






27. The study of how people use language in context - how utterances are used - either figuratively or literally - in communicative acts.






28. Strong social prohibition. Abhorrent to society. Eg - Hinduism: killing the co






29. Domestication of plants - gardening using man-powered tools. Labor Intensive/Surplus/Social Stratification






30. (Veblen): Display of wealth by its owner for social prestige






31. Deoxyribonucleic acid; genetic formation in a double-helix; (Watson & Crick)






32. Evaluate other groups according to OUR OWN standards (judging)






33. Thinkers: linguistics






34. Marriage to a person belonging to a tribe or group other than your own as required by custom or law






35. (Reverence): Most rituals mark day - month - season - year - stage of life - new event. Burial Rituals found from 20kya






36. Refined the Flake Stone Tools (flint): Mousterian Industry. Neanderthal Man.






37. The 2nd in the three stages of the evolution theory developed by Lewis Henry Morgan. (Domestication of animals - cultivation)






38. Chopper-chopping tool industry (Pebble Industry). Wood -bone -stone tools. Homo Erectus. Hand-Axe (700kya): Abbevillian Industry (France) and later - Acheulian Industry (Eur/Af/As). Flake Stone Tools (flint): Clactonian Industry






39. Determining the success of a project






40. Chavin - Chibcham Chimor - Chachapoya - Huari - Inca - Moche - Nazca - Tairona - Tiwanaku






41. Any agent (physical or environmental) that can induce a genetic mutation or can increase the rate of mutation






42. Improve welfare of people in underdeveloped countries (usually through economic growth).






43. 40 -000 to 8000 B.C. homo sapiens. Found in France. Brain size 1 -400cc. Created art. paleolithic.






44. Traces back to ONE person






45. 1/2 Founder of Modern Anthropology. After River (more rigor). Studied American Indians (1880s documented) Coined 'Cultural Relativism'. Sat with elders to hear their historic accounts of their culture. [Salvage ethnography]






46. Anthropologist: formation of personalities






47. Anthropologist: Pacific Islands(SamoaPolynesia) - cultural effects on development of personality






48. Anthropologist: Indians (North - Central - South America). Recorded folktales of blacks in N. America and West Indies.






49. Began 5k ya in Mesopotamia - Egypt - possible to create flood control plans. Later in India - China - then Europe.






50. Research that refers to in-depth study using face-to-face or observation techniques to collect data from people in their natural settings.







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