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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The genetic makeup of an organism as indicated by its set of alleles - that determines hereditary potential/limits from embyro to adulthood.






2. Action - research & development - community - advocacy - cultural/social marketing






3. Shift of population from food production to specialization. Strong sense of ownership of land.






4. Buying/selling goods & Services with prices set by supply & demand. (usually involves money). Haviland: Informal v. Formal (govt controlled)






5. Eg - Barter. Scarce goods from one group are exchanged for desirable goods from another group. Giver tries to come out on top. Ultimate form = taking by force.






6. Change based on belief in inevitable advance of science and Western secularism. Industrial growth - consolidation of the state - bureaucratization - market economy - tech advances - literacy - social mobility






7. (geology) the principle that in a series of stratified sedimentary rocks the lowest stratum is the oldest






8. (skills that only some people have) Playing guitar - understanding algebra.






9. Anthropologist: reciprocity - gift economy - Durkheim's nephew






10. Belief of early anthropologist that cultures evolve through various stages from a simpler and more primitive state to a complex and more culturally advanced state.






11. A type of agricultural activity based on nomadic animal husbandry or the raising of livestock to provide food - clothing - and shelter.






12. Lord owned the land. Allocated land to Nobles (for loyalty/mil service). Serfs/slaves=Actually Part of the Property






13. Ceremonial distrib of property/gifts to affirm social status. Ritual generosity - conspic consump. Wealth used to purchase Prestige. NW Pacific Indian Tribes Haida - Nuxalk - Tlingit - Tsimshian - Salish - Nuu-chah-nulth - and Kwakiutl. Also similar






14. Anthropologist: Survival=Symbolic form of earlier custom (mock battle in nuptial rituals=vestige of actually 'capturing the bride'






15. Structionalism. Amazon tribe. ethnographic.






16. Created by repeated pecking at grindstones b/c too smooth to grind red ochre=Macehead (Egypt/Nile Valley)- Neolithic






17. Africa: Jackals=Dogs. Donkeys - cats. (entered religious thought - animistic philosphy of Egypt) - Neolithic






18. Political order (polity) is not a distinct institution - it is embedded in the overall social order. No formal govt






19. Ruthless empire. By 665BC=Palestine - Syria - Asia Minor - Persian Gulf. buffer b/n civil Middle East & Barbarians.fell in 612BC. Internal revolution - and defeat by NeoBabylonians (Chaldeans)






20. Specialization in Indus Socs. Not in Tribal Socs (age/gender decides who does what). Amazon tribes specialize though






21. Melanesia (SW Pacific WWII+). Western goods created by ancestral spirits (intended for them - but controlled by whites).






22. Category of individuals who enjoy equal prestige according to a society. (Perception of class is relative). Economics - social status - aesthetic preferences - behavior - occupation - appearance - civic involvement






23. Symbols that provide info about a person or object (red light=danger)






24. Authority is allocated. Use force to achieve peace & conformance with law & custom - maintain territory against ext threat.






25. Perform Rituals in belief that ancestors will recognize their own people and make very valuable cargo come (utopian/millenial). John Frum






26. (HG) Personalized - supernatural beings (souls or gods) inhabit ordinary objects and govern their existence. Everything has a soul. Zambia - Congo - Gabon - Guinea - Indonesia - Japan - Laos - Myanmar - Peru - Philippines (+ Canada - Russia - Sweden






27. African CLICK language speakers. (click also used in Bantu - Zulu - Xhosa - Damin)






28. Basic building blocks of culture. Without them - there is no culture






29. The elementary structure. all cultural systems are built is a set of four types of organically linked relationships: brother/sister - husband/wife - father/son - and mother's brother/sister's son. (Levi-Strauss).






30. Thinker: social stratification






31. Set of rights and obligations inherent in a social position.






32. The school of thought developed by the French anthropologist Claude Levi-Strauss - in which cultures - viewed as systems - are analyzed in terms of the structural relations among their elements. Referring to mental structure.






33. Common in non-intensive food production. Villages=Various descent groups (clans/bands) - no formal govt or social classes.






34. The actual time (usually measured in years) as determined by radioactive decay of elements






35. Associated with Julian Steward - study of adaptation of social culture to natural resources and other human groups.






36. Chopper-chopping tool industry (Pebble Industry). Wood -bone -stone tools. Homo Erectus. Hand-Axe (700kya): Abbevillian Industry (France) and later - Acheulian Industry (Eur/Af/As). Flake Stone Tools (flint): Clactonian Industry






37. Traces back to ONE person






38. Permanent formal government structures and socioeconomic stratification. Most people in world's society. Autonomous political units - social classes - Formal govt based on Law - social status - population control - judges - law enf - fiscal.






39. Improve welfare of people in underdeveloped countries (usually through economic growth).






40. Holistic study of humanity.






41. Not universal. Evolved in last 10k years (surplus food - development of states). States are political system most likely to go to war






42. Provisional sampling cuts to explore potential excavation sites. Tigris/Euphrates flooded regularly so hard to navigate.






43. King of Babylon. had law code (discipline - order in society - pessimistic outlook) Sanctioned by the gods






44. Indians: Tribal villages (farmer class) - religious urban centers (priest class) - TIME/Astronomy/math - pyramids - reptilian gods.






45. Man marries widow of his dead brother






46. States (see themselves as manipulating their environment - controlling it - dominating it - for self-interest).






47. The process by which a living organism adapts to its environment.






48. Personal quirks: Get up at certain time - order of getting dressed - etc






49. Used to date organic remains and rocks from 50 -000yrs ago to present (atomic physics)






50. 20 century anthropologist.structural-functionalism. primitive societies - Durkhiem