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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Anthropologist: cross-cultural values






2. (Middle Stone Age): 10kya. Hunter/Gatherer (w/ fish). Baskets - Pots - - harpoons - canoes - store food. Holocene. Not much development in art - focused on inventions - diversification of subsistence strategies






3. Shift of population from food production to specialization. Strong sense of ownership of land.






4. What people ACTUALLY do in everyday - real life interactio






5. Focusing efforts to implement positive change in a culture






6. USA/Mexico/C. Am. Corn (maize) - beans - squash 6500BC (village life not until 2k BC).- Neolithic






7. The 2nd in the three stages of the evolution theory developed by Lewis Henry Morgan. (Domestication of animals - cultivation)






8. Anthrpologist: Arapaho - archeo/anthro. preservation of Indian tribal culture. salvage ethnography. student of Boas.






9. (Foragers): Earliest and most stable form of human subsistence. Unit of production = Unit of Consumption. Of 150billion who have ever lived - 60% were HG. 99% of history as humans is as HG






10. Giving and receiving are specific as to value of goods - and time of delivery.






11. Research in which the data is recorded in numerical form.






12. The application of Charles Darwin's ideas about evolution and 'survival of the fittest' to human societies - particularly as justification for United States expansion. (white man's burden)






13. The discovery and recording of archaeological sites and their examination by methods other than the use of the spade and the trowel






14. Domestication of plants - gardening using man-powered tools. Labor Intensive/Surplus/Social Stratification






15. Large neolithic farming village in Turkey during 6700 B.C. - 5700 B.C.






16. Not universal. Evolved in last 10k years (surplus food - development of states). States are political system most likely to go to war






17. Any agent (physical or environmental) that can induce a genetic mutation or can increase the rate of mutation






18. Marks change in social or sexual status. Birth - Circumcision - Coming of Age - Wedding - Menopause - Death






19. British Hieroglyphics translator -Father of Archeology






20. Scarcity - Supply & Demand - Self-interest - personal gain - rational decision-making. Economy can be analyzed independent of other social structures and institutions.Emph: Choice of Indiv actor






21. Consists of social impact assessment - evaluation research - technology development research - cultural resource assessment






22. Africa: Jackals=Dogs. Donkeys - cats. (entered religious thought - animistic philosphy of Egypt) - Neolithic






23. Goods flow to central place - and are distributed again (Eg -US Tax System). Reqs strong central political organization. Sometimes Prestige is derived from giving away valuables






24. 'Upright Man' - An extinct species of the genus Homo - Africa/Europe/Asia. fire and tools. hand ax. early speech.






25. The archaeology of ancient Egypt






26. Anthropologist: After armchair anthro...embarked on early anthro expeditions (not scientifically rigorous).






27. Anthropologist: symbolic anthropology. Interpretation of cultures.






28. <40kya): Regional stone tool industries (Perigordian - Aurignacian - Solutrean - Magdelenian) - More complex - specialized - variety of tools. Regional artistic traditions. Homosapien - Neanderthal - Cro-magnon. Small Sculptures (E. Eur): Small - por






29. African CLICK language speakers. (click also used in Bantu - Zulu - Xhosa - Damin)






30. Platyrrhini - south america - small mammals - tree dwellers - prehensile tails - noctural - monogamous (gibbons - marmosets)






31. Primitive people. Some people have special power - middlemen b/n man and god. Performs ritual magic to save tribe in trouble






32. Anthropologist: reciprocity - gift economy - Durkheim's nephew






33. From Africa to Eurasia (through Himalayas/Silk Road - across straight of Gilbralter.






34. Describe behavior in insider/natives own terms. Actor's own reasons - interpretations - customs - beliefs






35. Common ancestor. Endogamy forbidden (regarded as incest). Can be Matriclan/Patriclan






36. (skills that only some people have) Playing guitar - understanding algebra.






37. Half way b/n tribe and a state. Permanent political structure. Transitional form of sociopol org in evolution of tribe to state






38. Essential mechanism of evolution proposed by Charles Darwin - and is the process by which those members of a particular species that are better adapted to their environment survive longer and produce more offspring than the poorer adapted.






39. Chopper-chopping tool industry (Pebble Industry). Wood -bone -stone tools. Homo Erectus. Hand-Axe (700kya): Abbevillian Industry (France) and later - Acheulian Industry (Eur/Af/As). Flake Stone Tools (flint): Clactonian Industry






40. Determining the success of a project






41. Non-industrial socs. People produce own food - but an elite controls a portion of production






42. States (see themselves as manipulating their environment - controlling it - dominating it - for self-interest).






43. The elementary structure. all cultural systems are built is a set of four types of organically linked relationships: brother/sister - husband/wife - father/son - and mother's brother/sister's son. (Levi-Strauss).






44. (Veblen): Display of wealth by its owner for social prestige






45. The scientific study of the structure - sounds - and meaning of language






46. The non-living world. the area from the surface of earth down to its center.






47. Study of remains found in layers of soil and rock






48. Cholula - Huastec - Mixtec - Olmec - Pipil - Totonac - Toltec - Zapote






49. Cluster of 3 or more sibs - clans - kinship groups considered a single unit (but retain sep IDs within) - Native Americans: Used animal sign to ID (Tlingit Tribe: Matri] - Intermarriage b/n phratries was mandated)






50. A process in which chromosomes physically exchange parts.