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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Person is considered equally related to kinfolk on either side of the family. Western Socs. (bilateral)






2. Half way b/n tribe and state. Kin-based. Permanent group-based differencesin access to resources. Permanent Political Structure






3. Referring to time as it relates to something older or younger; not exact dates.






4. Logic/Observation (not gods). Thales - Xenophanes - Pyhtagorus - Hippocrates. Differed from Near Eastern thought.






5. Cluster of 3 or more sibs - clans - kinship groups considered a single unit (but retain sep IDs within) - Native Americans: Used animal sign to ID (Tlingit Tribe: Matri] - Intermarriage b/n phratries was mandated)






6. Massive pyramidal stepped tower made of mudbricks. It is associated with religious complexes in ancient Mesopotamian cities - Sumerians.






7. The 3rd in the three stages of the evolution theory developed by Lewis Henry Morgan. Human form of culture. many people in urban center - smelt metals - method of writing.






8. Lemurs - monkeys - Apes and humans. Prehensile/Grasping hands..Some-opposable thumb - larger males than females. flat fingernails.






9. One of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic - such as hair color






10. Muslim (up to 4 wives by law). Middle East - Asia - North Africa. Native Americans (before European values)






11. Study of human activity and cultures through material remains. non-natural science. half science - half humanity. Fills in gaps in human history.






12. Old Stone Age. 2.5 mya - 2kya. Chipped stone tools. earliest human ancestors. pleistocene.






13. A homo erectus discovered by Dutch physician and anatomist Eugene Dubois in 1891 in JAVA Indonesia -






14. Anthrpologist: Arapaho - archeo/anthro. preservation of Indian tribal culture. salvage ethnography. student of Boas.






15. German archeologists who discovered the site of Troy in the late 1800's






16. The skeletal remains of Homo erectus - found at Zhoukoudian - near Peking - China - in the late 1930s and early 1940s and subsequently lost during World War II






17. The school of thought developed by the French anthropologist Claude Levi-Strauss - in which cultures - viewed as systems - are analyzed in terms of the structural relations among their elements. Referring to mental structure.






18. Yanonamo Village invites another village. Social gathering/political alliances (like dinner party). Yan=deceiptful






19. The application of Charles Darwin's ideas about evolution and 'survival of the fittest' to human societies - particularly as justification for United States expansion. (white man's burden)






20. Communal Ownership of Land. Some ownership - but pastures - forests - mountains - waterways - sacred grounds - are shared






21. Traces back to ONE person






22. 1/2 Founder of Modern Anthropology. Ethnographic fieldwork - reciprocity - Pacific Islands. After Rivers (more rigor) 'Participant Observation'. WWI spent 2 years in Trobriand Islands (Papua New Guinea)






23. Species of people that inhabited much of Europe and the Mediterranean lands c. 200 -000-28 -000 years ago. The name derives from the discovery in 1856 of remains in a cave above Germany's Neander Valley. Neanderthals were short - stout - and powerful






24. World's first cities appeared between the years 4000 and 3500 BC.






25. Strong social prohibition. Abhorrent to society. Eg - Hinduism: killing the co






26. Invented smelting of iron






27. Characteristics are inherited independently from other characteristics

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28. Personal quirks: Get up at certain time - order of getting dressed - etc






29. Religion. Most important intellectual development. Flourished b/c of weakening Egypt & annihilation of Hittites (1200BC)






30. System of symbols - mediate b/n an individual and his world. Way of Life. Make sense of world - motivate behavior






31. Women are material objects - promised to a man in return for reciprocity (usually another woman - or political alliance






32. Common in non-intensive food production. Villages=Various descent groups (clans/bands) - no formal govt or social classes.






33. The elementary structure. all cultural systems are built is a set of four types of organically linked relationships: brother/sister - husband/wife - father/son - and mother's brother/sister's son. (Levi-Strauss).






34. Study of remains found in layers of soil and rock






35. The study of the patterns and distributions of speech sounds in a language and the tacit rules for their pronunciation.






36. Technology that Spread east to Indus River Valley (India) by 5k BC






37. Anthropologist: formation of personalities






38. The subfield of anthropology that focuses on variations in cultural behaviors among human populations






39. <40kya): Regional stone tool industries (Perigordian - Aurignacian - Solutrean - Magdelenian) - More complex - specialized - variety of tools. Regional artistic traditions. Homosapien - Neanderthal - Cro-magnon. Small Sculptures (E. Eur): Small - por






40. Shorthand - Morse Code






41. Belief of early anthropologist that cultures evolve through various stages from a simpler and more primitive state to a complex and more culturally advanced state.






42. The actual time (usually measured in years) as determined by radioactive decay of elements






43. A type of agricultural activity based on nomadic animal husbandry or the raising of livestock to provide food - clothing - and shelter.






44. Each inherited characteristic is determined by two heredity factors/genes - one from each parent - which determines whether a gene will be dominant or recessive.

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45. African CLICK language speakers. (click also used in Bantu - Zulu - Xhosa - Damin)






46. Chopper-chopping tool industry (Pebble Industry). Wood -bone -stone tools. Homo Erectus. Hand-Axe (700kya): Abbevillian Industry (France) and later - Acheulian Industry (Eur/Af/As). Flake Stone Tools (flint): Clactonian Industry






47. The process by which a living organism adapts to its environment.






48. 1962; employ mine detectors. pulsed-induction meter and the soil-conductivity meter detect magnetic soil anomalies - only if the features are fairly shallow.






49. The genetic makeup of an organism as indicated by its set of alleles - that determines hereditary potential/limits from embyro to adulthood.






50. Closest living animal to modern humans. 96% same DNA.