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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Person is considered equally related to kinfolk on either side of the family. Western Socs. (bilateral)






2. Also known as 'biological anthropology -' studies the mechanisms of biological evolution - genetic inheritance - human adaptability and variation - primatology - and the fossil record of human evolution.






3. Found Australopathicus skull in 1959. Upright human footprints in 1978






4. (Middle Stone Age): 10kya. Hunter/Gatherer (w/ fish). Baskets - Pots - - harpoons - canoes - store food. Holocene. Not much development in art - focused on inventions - diversification of subsistence strategies






5. Melanesia (SW Pacific WWII+). Western goods created by ancestral spirits (intended for them - but controlled by whites).






6. King of Babylon. had law code (discipline - order in society - pessimistic outlook) Sanctioned by the gods






7. Difference in the genes between different species or members of the same species - caused by the varying number of structure of the chromosome. Not all may be observable as phenotypic variations






8. Research in which the data is recorded in numerical form.






9. Describe behavior in insider/natives own terms. Actor's own reasons - interpretations - customs - beliefs






10. Non-industrial socs. People produce own food - but an elite controls a portion of production






11. Giving and receiving are specific as to value of goods - and time of delivery.






12. Common ancestor. Endogamy forbidden (regarded as incest). Can be Matriclan/Patriclan






13. Social Movements to build an ideology that is relevant to changing cultural needs (their understanding of world). Eg: Melanesian Cargo Cults - or Mormonism in the US (Joseph Smith)






14. Strong social prohibition. Abhorrent to society. Eg - Hinduism: killing the co






15. Development of Civilizations: Copper & Tin=Bronze. Replaced stone for tools/weapons






16. Form of government of Hittites - Assyrians - Babylonians - Israelites






17. (3k BC) Spread copper tools to Sudan - but rest of Africa passed directly from Mesolithic to Iron Age. Theocracy government. (Bronze age)






18. Permanent formal government structures and socioeconomic stratification. Most people in world's society. Autonomous political units - social classes - Formal govt based on Law - social status - population control - judges - law enf - fiscal.






19. Spread of something from one group to another






20. Specialization in Indus Socs. Not in Tribal Socs (age/gender decides who does what). Amazon tribes specialize though






21. Early anthropologists such as E.B. Taylor and J.G. Frazer in England who worked mostly with materials collected by others - usually missionaries - traders - explorers - or colonial officials.






22. Cluster of 3 or more sibs - clans - kinship groups considered a single unit (but retain sep IDs within) - Native Americans: Used animal sign to ID (Tlingit Tribe: Matri] - Intermarriage b/n phratries was mandated)






23. Half way b/n tribe and state. Kin-based. Permanent group-based differencesin access to resources. Permanent Political Structure






24. Large neolithic farming village in Turkey during 6700 B.C. - 5700 B.C.






25. Family who excavate Olduvai Gorge






26. (skills that only some people have) Playing guitar - understanding algebra.






27. Half way b/n tribe and a state. Permanent political structure. Transitional form of sociopol org in evolution of tribe to state






28. Eg - Barter. Scarce goods from one group are exchanged for desirable goods from another group. Giver tries to come out on top. Ultimate form = taking by force.






29. Lemurs - monkeys - Apes and humans. Prehensile/Grasping hands..Some-opposable thumb - larger males than females. flat fingernails.






30. Method of detecting buried features by locating the magnetic disturbances they cause: (1957-58) proton magnetometer - the proton gradiometer - and the fluxgate gradiometer.






31. Religion. Most important intellectual development. Flourished b/c of weakening Egypt & annihilation of Hittites (1200BC)






32. Hawaiian - aroi sun kingdom






33. Man marries widow of his dead brother






34. The study of the rules for the formation of grammatical sentences in a language.






35. The commonness of the occurrence of any particular allele in a population (a fraction)






36. Any agent (physical or environmental) that can induce a genetic mutation or can increase the rate of mutation






37. All cultures accept. But only 20% of societies are considered strictly monogamous (one marriage per lifetime)






38. Runway/airstrip/radios (coconuts and straw to attract aircraft with cargo). Ritual marches (twigs/guns - insignia 'USA' to look like soldiers)






39. 1962; employ mine detectors. pulsed-induction meter and the soil-conductivity meter detect magnetic soil anomalies - only if the features are fairly shallow.






40. Relatives through marriage






41. A subdivision within the primate order based on shared anatomical characteristics that larger brains - binocular vision - parental care - longer gestational period - slower maturation.






42. Anthropologist: 12-volume comparative study of Religion (using ethnographic details) - evolution of religion from magic.






43. Shorthand - Morse Code






44. Hispanic ritual - 15 yr girl - sneakers to high heel






45. USA/Mexico/C. Am. Corn (maize) - beans - squash 6500BC (village life not until 2k BC).- Neolithic






46. Basic building blocks of culture. Without them - there is no culture






47. Collecting community data for use by development planners






48. Skipped Bronze Age. Intermediate Neolithic tools were used instead (Zaire - Ghana). But not in Kenya (no celts - axes etc)






49. The archaeology of ancient Egypt






50. Groups descended from mother or father's line only. (unilateral)







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