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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 1/2 Founder of Modern Anthropology. After River (more rigor). Studied American Indians (1880s documented) Coined 'Cultural Relativism'. Sat with elders to hear their historic accounts of their culture. [Salvage ethnography]






2. Traces back to ONE person






3. The discovery and recording of archaeological sites and their examination by methods other than the use of the spade and the trowel






4. Research that refers to in-depth study using face-to-face or observation techniques to collect data from people in their natural settings.






5. Anthropologist: (early 1900s): Culture = combination of universals - alternatives - specialties - individual peculiarities. The Study of Man (1936) and The Tree of Culture (1955)






6. (Foragers): Earliest and most stable form of human subsistence. Unit of production = Unit of Consumption. Of 150billion who have ever lived - 60% were HG. 99% of history as humans is as HG






7. Large neolithic farming village in Turkey during 6700 B.C. - 5700 B.C.






8. Strong social prohibition. Abhorrent to society. Eg - Hinduism: killing the co






9. The study of the rules for the formation of grammatical sentences in a language.






10. Based on institutionalized beliefs and practices dealing with ultimate meaning of life. Belief stems from their experience of the world.






11. Adenine - guanine - cytosine - thymine that form genetic code.






12. Women are material objects - promised to a man in return for reciprocity (usually another woman - or political alliance






13. 1962; employ mine detectors. pulsed-induction meter and the soil-conductivity meter detect magnetic soil anomalies - only if the features are fairly shallow.






14. Cluster of 3 or more sibs - clans - kinship groups considered a single unit (but retain sep IDs within) - Native Americans: Used animal sign to ID (Tlingit Tribe: Matri] - Intermarriage b/n phratries was mandated)






15. Describe behavior in terms familiar to the observer (enables comparative research - and making universal claims)






16. The subfield of anthropology that focuses on variations in cultural behaviors among human populations






17. Groups descended from mother or father's line only. (unilateral)






18. Anthrpologist: Arapaho - archeo/anthro. preservation of Indian tribal culture. salvage ethnography. student of Boas.






19. The commonness of the occurrence of any particular allele in a population (a fraction)






20. The sex cell of a plant or animal may contain one factor (allele) for different traits but not both factors needed to express the traits

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21. Began 5k ya in Mesopotamia - Egypt - possible to create flood control plans. Later in India - China - then Europe.






22. Primitive people. Some people have special power - middlemen b/n man and god. Performs ritual magic to save tribe in trouble






23. Spread of an IDEA from one group to another.






24. Acting as a communiction link between producers and users of new technology






25. Aborigine (dreamtime/totem)






26. Anthropologist: cross-cultural values






27. Study of human activity and cultures through material remains. non-natural science. half science - half humanity. Fills in gaps in human history.






28. 'Verbal Evaluation - Patterns of Association - symbolic Indicators(wealth/dress/job)'. Haviland






29. Found Australopathicus skull in 1959. Upright human footprints in 1978






30. The observable characteristics of an organism - including physical appearance.






31. All the knowledge and values shared by a society






32. The elementary structure. all cultural systems are built is a set of four types of organically linked relationships: brother/sister - husband/wife - father/son - and mother's brother/sister's son. (Levi-Strauss).






33. (Veblen): Display of wealth by its owner for social prestige






34. (Reverence): Most rituals mark day - month - season - year - stage of life - new event. Burial Rituals found from 20kya






35. Using a radioactive process to determine the age of an item. millions of years.






36. The process by which a living organism adapts to its environment.






37. Thinker: social stratification






38. Improve welfare of people in underdeveloped countries (usually through economic growth).






39. Research in which the data is recorded in numerical form.






40. Anthropologist: Indians (North - Central - South America). Recorded folktales of blacks in N. America and West Indies.






41. Cohesive set of myths (religion/belief system)






42. Seperation(leave) - Liminality(limbo) - Incorporation(rejoin).






43. A social bond based on common ancestry - marriage - or adoption






44. The linguistic hypothesis holds that language predisposes us to see the world in a certain way was developed by these two.






45. Skipped Bronze Age. Intermediate Neolithic tools were used instead (Zaire - Ghana). But not in Kenya (no celts - axes etc)






46. Logic/Observation (not gods). Thales - Xenophanes - Pyhtagorus - Hippocrates. Differed from Near Eastern thought.






47. The skeletal remains of Homo erectus - found at Zhoukoudian - near Peking - China - in the late 1930s and early 1940s and subsequently lost during World War II






48. (1940)archaeological prospecting employing electricity and magnetic fields. A method of large-scale oil prospecting: electrical conductivity present in the soil.






49. Animistic/Shamanistic. Animal or other naturalistic figure that spiritually represents a person or a clan (intimate relationship)






50. Evaluate other groups according to OUR OWN standards (judging)