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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 40 -000 to 8000 B.C. homo sapiens. Found in France. Brain size 1 -400cc. Created art. paleolithic.






2. Skipped Bronze Age. Intermediate Neolithic tools were used instead (Zaire - Ghana). But not in Kenya (no celts - axes etc)






3. Associated with Julian Steward - study of adaptation of social culture to natural resources and other human groups.






4. 'Upright Man' - An extinct species of the genus Homo - Africa/Europe/Asia. fire and tools. hand ax. early speech.






5. The 1st in the three stages of the evolution theory developed by Lewis Henry Morgan. (hunter-gatherer - hordes - no class - no ownership).






6. Melanesia (SW Pacific WWII+). Western goods created by ancestral spirits (intended for them - but controlled by whites).






7. Said anthropology is a 'Policy Science'. Urged for its use in improving the human condition. What is Culture - cross-cultural.






8. Anthropologist: 12-volume comparative study of Religion (using ethnographic details) - evolution of religion from magic.






9. The skeletal remains of Homo erectus - found at Zhoukoudian - near Peking - China - in the late 1930s and early 1940s and subsequently lost during World War II






10. Social Institutions - not theological - philosophical - or psychological phenomenons






11. (New Stone Age): 10kya. Domestic animals - villages - pottery - weaving - food producing (not collecting). Holocene. Beginning of real civilization (Final stage of prehistoric cult evol/techno dev)






12. The process through which genes pass from the gene pool of one population through mating and reproduction to that of another.






13. Change based on belief in inevitable advance of science and Western secularism. Industrial growth - consolidation of the state - bureaucratization - market economy - tech advances - literacy - social mobility






14. Form of government of Hittites - Assyrians - Babylonians - Israelites






15. Indissoluble in Roman Catholic and Hindu. Pueblo Indians: woman simply leaves moccasins on the doorstep (NM -AZ) No divorce allowed in Malta - Philippines. Low divorce rate in Japan. Islam allows but discourages (3x limit)






16. Anthropologist: (early 1900s): Culture = combination of universals - alternatives - specialties - individual peculiarities. The Study of Man (1936) and The Tree of Culture (1955)






17. Permanent formal government structures and socioeconomic stratification. Most people in world's society. Autonomous political units - social classes - Formal govt based on Law - social status - population control - judges - law enf - fiscal.






18. Anthropologist: Indians (North - Central - South America). Recorded folktales of blacks in N. America and West Indies.






19. Difference in the genes between different species or members of the same species - caused by the varying number of structure of the chromosome. Not all may be observable as phenotypic variations






20. Political order (polity) is not a distinct institution - it is embedded in the overall social order. No formal govt






21. (Foragers): Earliest and most stable form of human subsistence. Unit of production = Unit of Consumption. Of 150billion who have ever lived - 60% were HG. 99% of history as humans is as HG






22. Old Stone Age. 2.5 mya - 2kya. Chipped stone tools. earliest human ancestors. pleistocene.






23. Describe behavior in terms familiar to the observer (enables comparative research - and making universal claims)






24. Massive pyramidal stepped tower made of mudbricks. It is associated with religious complexes in ancient Mesopotamian cities - Sumerians.






25. Consists of social impact assessment - evaluation research - technology development research - cultural resource assessment






26. System of symbols - mediate b/n an individual and his world. Way of Life. Make sense of world - motivate behavior






27. Large neolithic farming village in Turkey during 6700 B.C. - 5700 B.C.






28. Eg - Barter. Scarce goods from one group are exchanged for desirable goods from another group. Giver tries to come out on top. Ultimate form = taking by force.






29. Thinker: social stratification






30. Ways to date artifacts






31. Research in which the data is recorded in numerical form.






32. Exchange of goods/services/gifts/emotions b/n two parties. Often ritual/ceremony. Characteristic of HG groups






33. A homo erectus discovered by Dutch physician and anatomist Eugene Dubois in 1891 in JAVA Indonesia -






34. The study of the principles and rules that regulate word structure in language.






35. Ancestors to modern gorillas - chimpanzees - orangutans and humans who diverged 30 million years ago from monkeys. Characteristics include: large - strong jaw - large brain and partially erect posture.






36. By-product of grinding red ochre (magic powers) - Neolithic






37. Position from which members engage in social practices. (Sociology focuses on interrelationship/effect of status






38. The sex cell of a plant or animal may contain one factor (allele) for different traits but not both factors needed to express the traits

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39. Fixed at birth - unchangeable - endogamous. India: Brahmins - warriors - artisans - laborers (then untouchables)






40. Random change in allele frequencies that occurs in small populations. Sewall-Wright effect






41. An impersonal supernatural force that flows in and out of people and objects






42. Cultural phenom existed for a reason - but persist when conditions change (superstition=vestige of rational practices).






43. Person is considered equally related to kinfolk on either side of the family. Western Socs. (bilateral)






44. Groups descended from mother or father's line only. (unilateral)






45. A group of sexually reproducing individuals (of the same species) mating with each other and sharing a common gene pool.






46. Planned - rescue - and accidental.






47. The archaeology of ancient Greece and Rome






48. (some people do it differently) Sex roles - religion - age roles






49. (geology) the principle that in a series of stratified sedimentary rocks the lowest stratum is the oldest






50. 1962; employ mine detectors. pulsed-induction meter and the soil-conductivity meter detect magnetic soil anomalies - only if the features are fairly shallow.