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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What people SHOULD do according to values and norms






2. The school of thought developed by the French anthropologist Claude Levi-Strauss - in which cultures - viewed as systems - are analyzed in terms of the structural relations among their elements. Referring to mental structure.






3. Cultural phenom existed for a reason - but persist when conditions change (superstition=vestige of rational practices).






4. Ancient Roman patrilineal clan that shared the same surname - and a legendary common ancestor (worshipped)






5. Essential mechanism of evolution proposed by Charles Darwin - and is the process by which those members of a particular species that are better adapted to their environment survive longer and produce more offspring than the poorer adapted.






6. Primary form of support for existing political leadership. Based on internal values of the people - not so much coercion






7. Created by Setting upper grindstone at an angle when grinding red ochre=sharp edge=Celt (like a chisel or axe - Egypt)- Neolithic






8. A larger collection of DNA that contains many genes and the support proteins needed to control these genes.






9. Religion. Most important intellectual development. Flourished b/c of weakening Egypt & annihilation of Hittites (1200BC)






10. Species of people that inhabited much of Europe and the Mediterranean lands c. 200 -000-28 -000 years ago. The name derives from the discovery in 1856 of remains in a cave above Germany's Neander Valley. Neanderthals were short - stout - and powerful






11. USA/Mexico/C. Am. Corn (maize) - beans - squash 6500BC (village life not until 2k BC).- Neolithic






12. The study of the rules for the formation of grammatical sentences in a language.






13. Provisional sampling cuts to explore potential excavation sites. Tigris/Euphrates flooded regularly so hard to navigate.






14. (skills that only some people have) Playing guitar - understanding algebra.






15. Using anthropological expertise on a practical level to understand and alleviate human problems. Eg - Impact of a new agriculture system in a society - causes of illiteracy among adults in a given group






16. Indians: Tribal villages (farmer class) - religious urban centers (priest class) - TIME/Astronomy/math - pyramids - reptilian gods.






17. Ancestors to modern gorillas - chimpanzees - orangutans and humans who diverged 30 million years ago from monkeys. Characteristics include: large - strong jaw - large brain and partially erect posture.






18. Mobile Foragers (Eskimo) combine nuclear families. Don't allow accumulated wealth - prize generosity - equality of resources






19. Early humans and human like creature. Erect - large complex brain - tool-using - community organization.






20. The process by which a living organism adapts to its environment.






21. 1962; employ mine detectors. pulsed-induction meter and the soil-conductivity meter detect magnetic soil anomalies - only if the features are fairly shallow.






22. Yanonamo Village invites another village. Social gathering/political alliances (like dinner party). Yan=deceiptful






23. From Africa to Eurasia (through Himalayas/Silk Road - across straight of Gilbralter.






24. All the knowledge and values shared by a society






25. Belief of early anthropologist that cultures evolve through various stages from a simpler and more primitive state to a complex and more culturally advanced state.






26. Anthropologist: Survival=Symbolic form of earlier custom (mock battle in nuptial rituals=vestige of actually 'capturing the bride'






27. Specialization in Indus Socs. Not in Tribal Socs (age/gender decides who does what). Amazon tribes specialize though






28. British Hieroglyphics translator -Father of Archeology






29. The elementary structure. all cultural systems are built is a set of four types of organically linked relationships: brother/sister - husband/wife - father/son - and mother's brother/sister's son. (Levi-Strauss).






30. Theory that sees society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability. (Talcott Parsons)






31. German archeologists who discovered the site of Troy in the late 1800's






32. All cultures accept. But only 20% of societies are considered strictly monogamous (one marriage per lifetime)






33. A subdivision within the primate order based on shared anatomical characteristics that larger brains - binocular vision - parental care - longer gestational period - slower maturation.






34. A subdivision within the primate order based on shared anatomical primitive traits: side eyes - wet nose - nocturnal - dental combs






35. Non-industrial socs. People produce own food - but an elite controls a portion of production






36. Not universal. Evolved in last 10k years (surplus food - development of states). States are political system most likely to go to war






37. Scarcity - Supply & Demand - Self-interest - personal gain - rational decision-making. Economy can be analyzed independent of other social structures and institutions.Emph: Choice of Indiv actor






38. King of Babylon. had law code (discipline - order in society - pessimistic outlook) Sanctioned by the gods






39. Hawaiian - aroi sun kingdom






40. Deoxyribonucleic acid; genetic formation in a double-helix; (Watson & Crick)






41. Half way b/n tribe and a state. Permanent political structure. Transitional form of sociopol org in evolution of tribe to state






42. The study of how people use language in context - how utterances are used - either figuratively or literally - in communicative acts.






43. Difference in the genes between different species or members of the same species - caused by the varying number of structure of the chromosome. Not all may be observable as phenotypic variations






44. Cohesive set of myths (religion/belief system)






45. The linguistic hypothesis holds that language predisposes us to see the world in a certain way was developed by these two.






46. Consists of social impact assessment - evaluation research - technology development research - cultural resource assessment






47. Traces back to ONE person






48. Africa: Jackals=Dogs. Donkeys - cats. (entered religious thought - animistic philosphy of Egypt) - Neolithic






49. (Foragers): Earliest and most stable form of human subsistence. Unit of production = Unit of Consumption. Of 150billion who have ever lived - 60% were HG. 99% of history as humans is as HG






50. Ritual in Burma/Thai boy monks 7-14 - 'Jewel Princess'