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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Improve welfare of people in underdeveloped countries (usually through economic growth).






2. The study of the principles and rules that regulate word structure in language.






3. All the knowledge and values shared by a society






4. Common in non-intensive food production. Villages=Various descent groups (clans/bands) - no formal govt or social classes.






5. The archaeology of ancient Greece and Rome






6. Consists of social impact assessment - evaluation research - technology development research - cultural resource assessment






7. A change or alteration in nitrogenous bases of DNA.






8. The elementary structure. all cultural systems are built is a set of four types of organically linked relationships: brother/sister - husband/wife - father/son - and mother's brother/sister's son. (Levi-Strauss).






9. 1/2 Founder of Modern Anthropology. Ethnographic fieldwork - reciprocity - Pacific Islands. After Rivers (more rigor) 'Participant Observation'. WWI spent 2 years in Trobriand Islands (Papua New Guinea)






10. The genetic makeup of an organism as indicated by its set of alleles - that determines hereditary potential/limits from embyro to adulthood.






11. Cholula - Huastec - Mixtec - Olmec - Pipil - Totonac - Toltec - Zapote






12. 'Upright Man' - An extinct species of the genus Homo - Africa/Europe/Asia. fire and tools. hand ax. early speech.






13. Associated with Julian Steward - study of adaptation of social culture to natural resources and other human groups.






14. Created by Setting upper grindstone at an angle when grinding red ochre=sharp edge=Celt (like a chisel or axe - Egypt)- Neolithic






15. Yanonamo Village invites another village. Social gathering/political alliances (like dinner party). Yan=deceiptful






16. Invented smelting of iron






17. Action - research & development - community - advocacy - cultural/social marketing






18. World's first cities appeared between the years 4000 and 3500 BC.






19. Anthropologist: formation of personalities






20. Planned - rescue - and accidental.






21. Describe behavior in terms familiar to the observer (enables comparative research - and making universal claims)






22. Closest living animal to modern humans. 96% same DNA.






23. A larger collection of DNA that contains many genes and the support proteins needed to control these genes.






24. Communication element. Represents a complex of person - object - group - or idea. Graphically or Representationally.






25. Animistic/Shamanistic. Animal or other naturalistic figure that spiritually represents a person or a clan (intimate relationship)






26. Referring to time as it relates to something older or younger; not exact dates.






27. Common ancestor. Endogamy forbidden (regarded as incest). Can be Matriclan/Patriclan






28. Plants and animals all evolved over a long period of time from simple into more complex life forms. (Darwin)






29. Lemurs - monkeys - Apes and humans. Prehensile/Grasping hands..Some-opposable thumb - larger males than females. flat fingernails.






30. Created by repeated pecking at grindstones b/c too smooth to grind red ochre=Macehead (Egypt/Nile Valley)- Neolithic






31. Logic/Observation (not gods). Thales - Xenophanes - Pyhtagorus - Hippocrates. Differed from Near Eastern thought.






32. The study of the patterns and distributions of speech sounds in a language and the tacit rules for their pronunciation.






33. Also known as 'biological anthropology -' studies the mechanisms of biological evolution - genetic inheritance - human adaptability and variation - primatology - and the fossil record of human evolution.






34. Characteristics are inherited independently from other characteristics

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35. The scientific study of the structure - sounds - and meaning of language






36. Seperation(leave) - Liminality(limbo) - Incorporation(rejoin).






37. Skipped Bronze Age. Intermediate Neolithic tools were used instead (Zaire - Ghana). But not in Kenya (no celts - axes etc)






38. Anthropologist: 12-volume comparative study of Religion (using ethnographic details) - evolution of religion from magic.






39. A subdivision within the primate order based on shared anatomical characteristics that larger brains - binocular vision - parental care - longer gestational period - slower maturation.






40. Half way b/n tribe and state. Kin-based. Permanent group-based differencesin access to resources. Permanent Political Structure






41. Focusing efforts to implement positive change in a culture






42. Massive pyramidal stepped tower made of mudbricks. It is associated with religious complexes in ancient Mesopotamian cities - Sumerians.






43. African CLICK language speakers. (click also used in Bantu - Zulu - Xhosa - Damin)






44. A group of sexually reproducing individuals (of the same species) mating with each other and sharing a common gene pool.






45. The exchange of genetic material between maternal and paternal chromosomes - creating a new combination of genes on the chromosome.






46. (Middle Stone Age): 10kya. Hunter/Gatherer (w/ fish). Baskets - Pots - - harpoons - canoes - store food. Holocene. Not much development in art - focused on inventions - diversification of subsistence strategies






47. The sum total of the genes carried by the individual members of the population






48. The aspect of archaeology that deals with the past of man before he learned to write has - since the middle of the 19th century - aka prehistory.






49. All cultures accept. But only 20% of societies are considered strictly monogamous (one marriage per lifetime)






50. Anthrpologist: Arapaho - archeo/anthro. preservation of Indian tribal culture. salvage ethnography. student of Boas.