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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Anthropologist: 12-volume comparative study of Religion (using ethnographic details) - evolution of religion from magic.






2. (3k BC) Spread copper tools to Sudan - but rest of Africa passed directly from Mesolithic to Iron Age. Theocracy government. (Bronze age)






3. Basic building blocks of culture. Without them - there is no culture






4. (skills that only some people have) Playing guitar - understanding algebra.






5. Shift of population from food production to specialization. Strong sense of ownership of land.






6. Old Stone Age. 2.5 mya - 2kya. Chipped stone tools. earliest human ancestors. pleistocene.






7. Cluster of 3 or more sibs - clans - kinship groups considered a single unit (but retain sep IDs within) - Native Americans: Used animal sign to ID (Tlingit Tribe: Matri] - Intermarriage b/n phratries was mandated)






8. 1/2 Founder of Modern Anthropology. After River (more rigor). Studied American Indians (1880s documented) Coined 'Cultural Relativism'. Sat with elders to hear their historic accounts of their culture. [Salvage ethnography]






9. Communication element. Represents a complex of person - object - group - or idea. Graphically or Representationally.






10. (geology) the principle that in a series of stratified sedimentary rocks the lowest stratum is the oldest






11. Not universal. Evolved in last 10k years (surplus food - development of states). States are political system most likely to go to war






12. Exchange of goods/services/gifts/emotions b/n two parties. Often ritual/ceremony. Characteristic of HG groups






13. Found Australopathicus skull in 1959. Upright human footprints in 1978






14. Small segment of DNA that codes for the systhesis (creation) of a specific protein - and thus determines a trait.






15. A social bond based on common ancestry - marriage - or adoption






16. Technology that Spread east to Indus River Valley (India) by 5k BC






17. The study of the rules for the formation of grammatical sentences in a language.






18. Describe behavior in insider/natives own terms. Actor's own reasons - interpretations - customs - beliefs






19. Non-industrial socs. People produce own food - but an elite controls a portion of production






20. Social Movements to build an ideology that is relevant to changing cultural needs (their understanding of world). Eg: Melanesian Cargo Cults - or Mormonism in the US (Joseph Smith)






21. Goods flow to central place - and are distributed again (Eg -US Tax System). Reqs strong central political organization. Sometimes Prestige is derived from giving away valuables






22. Essential mechanism of evolution proposed by Charles Darwin - and is the process by which those members of a particular species that are better adapted to their environment survive longer and produce more offspring than the poorer adapted.






23. Research in which the data is recorded in numerical form.






24. Indians: Tribal villages (farmer class) - religious urban centers (priest class) - TIME/Astronomy/math - pyramids - reptilian gods.






25. Marks change in social or sexual status. Birth - Circumcision - Coming of Age - Wedding - Menopause - Death






26. Ways to date artifacts






27. Ritual in Japan/Samurai - boys 12-16 - temple - adult clothes/hair






28. Man marries widow of his dead brother






29. Determining the success of a project






30. Position from which members engage in social practices. (Sociology focuses on interrelationship/effect of status






31. (Veblen): Display of wealth by its owner for social prestige






32. Giving and receiving are specific as to value of goods - and time of delivery.






33. Political order (polity) is not a distinct institution - it is embedded in the overall social order. No formal govt






34. Anthropologist: reciprocity - gift economy - Durkheim's nephew






35. Spread of something from one group to another






36. The living world. the regions of the surface and atmosphere of the Earth (or other planet) where living organisms exist






37. Lemurs - monkeys - Apes and humans. Prehensile/Grasping hands..Some-opposable thumb - larger males than females. flat fingernails.






38. Ancient Hebrew manuscripts hidden in clay jars in caves near Qumran by the Dead Sea that were discovered accidentally by Bedouin while looking for a stray animal in 1947..






39. Person is considered equally related to kinfolk on either side of the family. Western Socs. (bilateral)






40. Referring to time as it relates to something older or younger; not exact dates.






41. People group: (S. Mesopotamia/Iraq). Advanced Tech (bronze tools/weapons). Writing (cuneiform) - law - educations - intellectual - economic. City-state government






42. King of Babylon. had law code (discipline - order in society - pessimistic outlook) Sanctioned by the gods






43. Plants and animals all evolved over a long period of time from simple into more complex life forms. (Darwin)






44. Evaluate other groups according to OUR OWN standards (judging)






45. Thinker. functionalism. religion. suicide






46. Chavin - Chibcham Chimor - Chachapoya - Huari - Inca - Moche - Nazca - Tairona - Tiwanaku






47. Hispanic ritual - 15 yr girl - sneakers to high heel






48. Change based on belief in inevitable advance of science and Western secularism. Industrial growth - consolidation of the state - bureaucratization - market economy - tech advances - literacy - social mobility






49. USA/Mexico/C. Am. Corn (maize) - beans - squash 6500BC (village life not until 2k BC).- Neolithic






50. By-product of grinding red ochre (magic powers) - Neolithic