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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. African CLICK language speakers. (click also used in Bantu - Zulu - Xhosa - Damin)






2. Each inherited characteristic is determined by two heredity factors/genes - one from each parent - which determines whether a gene will be dominant or recessive.

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3. Seperation(leave) - Liminality(limbo) - Incorporation(rejoin).






4. Anthropologist: symbolic anthropology. Interpretation of cultures.






5. Describe behavior in insider/natives own terms. Actor's own reasons - interpretations - customs - beliefs






6. A larger collection of DNA that contains many genes and the support proteins needed to control these genes.






7. Anthrpologist: Arapaho - archeo/anthro. preservation of Indian tribal culture. salvage ethnography. student of Boas.






8. Skipped Bronze Age. Intermediate Neolithic tools were used instead (Zaire - Ghana). But not in Kenya (no celts - axes etc)






9. Lemurs - monkeys - Apes and humans. Prehensile/Grasping hands..Some-opposable thumb - larger males than females. flat fingernails.






10. The actual time (usually measured in years) as determined by radioactive decay of elements






11. The application of Charles Darwin's ideas about evolution and 'survival of the fittest' to human societies - particularly as justification for United States expansion. (white man's burden)






12. The study of how people use language in context - how utterances are used - either figuratively or literally - in communicative acts.






13. A theory stressing the importance of interdependence among all behavior patterns and institutions within a social system to its long-term survival. (Emile Durkheim)






14. (Middle Stone Age): 10kya. Hunter/Gatherer (w/ fish). Baskets - Pots - - harpoons - canoes - store food. Holocene. Not much development in art - focused on inventions - diversification of subsistence strategies






15. Hawaiian - aroi sun kingdom






16. Ways to date artifacts






17. (HG) Personalized - supernatural beings (souls or gods) inhabit ordinary objects and govern their existence. Everything has a soul. Zambia - Congo - Gabon - Guinea - Indonesia - Japan - Laos - Myanmar - Peru - Philippines (+ Canada - Russia - Sweden






18. Essential mechanism of evolution proposed by Charles Darwin - and is the process by which those members of a particular species that are better adapted to their environment survive longer and produce more offspring than the poorer adapted.






19. The school of thought developed by the French anthropologist Claude Levi-Strauss - in which cultures - viewed as systems - are analyzed in terms of the structural relations among their elements. Referring to mental structure.






20. The process by which a living organism adapts to its environment.






21. Anthropologist: Pacific Islands(SamoaPolynesia) - cultural effects on development of personality






22. The genetic makeup of an organism as indicated by its set of alleles - that determines hereditary potential/limits from embyro to adulthood.






23. Belief of early anthropologist that cultures evolve through various stages from a simpler and more primitive state to a complex and more culturally advanced state.






24. (3k BC) Spread copper tools to Sudan - but rest of Africa passed directly from Mesolithic to Iron Age. Theocracy government. (Bronze age)






25. Planned - rescue - and accidental.






26. One of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic - such as hair color






27. Anthropologist: Survival=Symbolic form of earlier custom (mock battle in nuptial rituals=vestige of actually 'capturing the bride'






28. Based on institutionalized beliefs and practices dealing with ultimate meaning of life. Belief stems from their experience of the world.






29. A polygamous mating system involving one female and many males.






30. Old Stone Age. 2.5 mya - 2kya. Chipped stone tools. earliest human ancestors. pleistocene.






31. Person is considered equally related to kinfolk on either side of the family. Western Socs. (bilateral)






32. Runway/airstrip/radios (coconuts and straw to attract aircraft with cargo). Ritual marches (twigs/guns - insignia 'USA' to look like soldiers)






33. Cradle of mankind. tanzania (30m long) Leakey family (1950s) 7 layers. found tools of habillus and erectus.






34. The children of a parent's siblings of the opposite sex (mother's brothers - father's sisters).






35. Anthropologist: (early 1900s): Culture = combination of universals - alternatives - specialties - individual peculiarities. The Study of Man (1936) and The Tree of Culture (1955)






36. Communal Ownership of Land. Some ownership - but pastures - forests - mountains - waterways - sacred grounds - are shared






37. Study of remains found in layers of soil and rock






38. Found Australopathicus skull in 1959. Upright human footprints in 1978






39. The archaeology of ancient Egypt






40. Common in non-intensive food production. Villages=Various descent groups (clans/bands) - no formal govt or social classes.






41. Said anthropology is a 'Policy Science'. Urged for its use in improving the human condition. What is Culture - cross-cultural.






42. 'Verbal Evaluation - Patterns of Association - symbolic Indicators(wealth/dress/job)'. Haviland






43. Anthropologist: 12-volume comparative study of Religion (using ethnographic details) - evolution of religion from magic.






44. Describe behavior in terms familiar to the observer (enables comparative research - and making universal claims)






45. The study of the patterns and distributions of speech sounds in a language and the tacit rules for their pronunciation.






46. Improve welfare of people in underdeveloped countries (usually through economic growth).






47. German archeologists who discovered the site of Troy in the late 1800's






48. Indissoluble in Roman Catholic and Hindu. Pueblo Indians: woman simply leaves moccasins on the doorstep (NM -AZ) No divorce allowed in Malta - Philippines. Low divorce rate in Japan. Islam allows but discourages (3x limit)






49. Penalty for violating moral principle or law. Larger society=more formal sanction






50. What people SHOULD do according to values and norms