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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The skeletal remains of Homo erectus - found at Zhoukoudian - near Peking - China - in the late 1930s and early 1940s and subsequently lost during World War II






2. The school of thought developed by the French anthropologist Claude Levi-Strauss - in which cultures - viewed as systems - are analyzed in terms of the structural relations among their elements. Referring to mental structure.






3. Study of remains found in layers of soil and rock






4. Early anthropologists such as E.B. Taylor and J.G. Frazer in England who worked mostly with materials collected by others - usually missionaries - traders - explorers - or colonial officials.






5. Planned - rescue - and accidental.






6. Anthropologist: formation of personalities






7. Ancient Hebrew manuscripts hidden in clay jars in caves near Qumran by the Dead Sea that were discovered accidentally by Bedouin while looking for a stray animal in 1947..






8. Created by repeated pecking at grindstones b/c too smooth to grind red ochre=Macehead (Egypt/Nile Valley)- Neolithic






9. Chavin - Chibcham Chimor - Chachapoya - Huari - Inca - Moche - Nazca - Tairona - Tiwanaku






10. Story with deep explanatory or symbolic resonance for a culture






11. Family that raised you






12. New family you form when you marry and have children.






13. All the knowledge and values shared by a society






14. Said anthropology is a 'Policy Science'. Urged for its use in improving the human condition. What is Culture - cross-cultural.






15. Cultural phenom existed for a reason - but persist when conditions change (superstition=vestige of rational practices).






16. Permanent formal government structures and socioeconomic stratification. Most people in world's society. Autonomous political units - social classes - Formal govt based on Law - social status - population control - judges - law enf - fiscal.






17. Collecting community data for use by development planners






18. The aspect of archaeology that deals with the past of man before he learned to write has - since the middle of the 19th century - aka prehistory.






19. Research that refers to in-depth study using face-to-face or observation techniques to collect data from people in their natural settings.






20. The sum total of the genes carried by the individual members of the population






21. Basic building blocks of culture. Without them - there is no culture






22. Scarcity - Supply & Demand - Self-interest - personal gain - rational decision-making. Economy can be analyzed independent of other social structures and institutions.Emph: Choice of Indiv actor






23. A theory stressing the importance of interdependence among all behavior patterns and institutions within a social system to its long-term survival. (Emile Durkheim)






24. Communal Ownership of Land. Some ownership - but pastures - forests - mountains - waterways - sacred grounds - are shared






25. The subfield of anthropology that focuses on variations in cultural behaviors among human populations






26. States (see themselves as manipulating their environment - controlling it - dominating it - for self-interest).






27. Lemurs - monkeys - Apes and humans. Prehensile/Grasping hands..Some-opposable thumb - larger males than females. flat fingernails.






28. (1940)archaeological prospecting employing electricity and magnetic fields. A method of large-scale oil prospecting: electrical conductivity present in the soil.






29. Relatives on each side of marriage - extending at least to second cousin. Urbanization - migration = less importance






30. The science dealing with the measurement of the human body to determine differences in individuals or groups






31. The actual time (usually measured in years) as determined by radioactive decay of elements






32. Marks change in social or sexual status. Birth - Circumcision - Coming of Age - Wedding - Menopause - Death






33. Animistic/Shamanistic. Animal or other naturalistic figure that spiritually represents a person or a clan (intimate relationship)






34. Technology that Spread east to Indus River Valley (India) by 5k BC






35. Gene flow usually occuring in humans as a result of actual migration of populations (either forced or voluntary).






36. Transfer of cultural traits/ideas from one society/ethnic group to another. McDonald's (US=Fast Food - China=Special Occasion)






37. Anthropologist: After armchair anthro...embarked on early anthro expeditions (not scientifically rigorous).






38. Father of Modern Anthropology - noted for applying the scientific method to the study of human cultures and societies. Opposed evolutionist.






39. System of symbols - mediate b/n an individual and his world. Way of Life. Make sense of world - motivate behavior






40. Adenine - guanine - cytosine - thymine that form genetic code.






41. 1962; employ mine detectors. pulsed-induction meter and the soil-conductivity meter detect magnetic soil anomalies - only if the features are fairly shallow.






42. Species of people that inhabited much of Europe and the Mediterranean lands c. 200 -000-28 -000 years ago. The name derives from the discovery in 1856 of remains in a cave above Germany's Neander Valley. Neanderthals were short - stout - and powerful






43. World's first cities appeared between the years 4000 and 3500 BC.






44. Primitive people. Some people have special power - middlemen b/n man and god. Performs ritual magic to save tribe in trouble






45. Family who excavate Olduvai Gorge






46. Refined the Flake Stone Tools (flint): Mousterian Industry. Neanderthal Man.






47. Cluster of 3 or more sibs - clans - kinship groups considered a single unit (but retain sep IDs within) - Native Americans: Used animal sign to ID (Tlingit Tribe: Matri] - Intermarriage b/n phratries was mandated)






48. Personal quirks: Get up at certain time - order of getting dressed - etc






49. The sex cell of a plant or animal may contain one factor (allele) for different traits but not both factors needed to express the traits

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50. Melanesia (SW Pacific WWII+). Western goods created by ancestral spirits (intended for them - but controlled by whites).