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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Anthropologist: 12-volume comparative study of Religion (using ethnographic details) - evolution of religion from magic.






2. Mobile Foragers (Eskimo) combine nuclear families. Don't allow accumulated wealth - prize generosity - equality of resources






3. Anthropologist: How natives think - mystic participation






4. Cultural phenom existed for a reason - but persist when conditions change (superstition=vestige of rational practices).






5. Marriage within one's own tribe or group as required by custom or law






6. Religion. Most important intellectual development. Flourished b/c of weakening Egypt & annihilation of Hittites (1200BC)






7. Massive pyramidal stepped tower made of mudbricks. It is associated with religious complexes in ancient Mesopotamian cities - Sumerians.






8. Created by Setting upper grindstone at an angle when grinding red ochre=sharp edge=Celt (like a chisel or axe - Egypt)- Neolithic






9. (Reverence): Most rituals mark day - month - season - year - stage of life - new event. Burial Rituals found from 20kya






10. Value of gift and time of repayment are not specified






11. Closest living animal to modern humans. 96% same DNA.






12. Common in non-intensive food production. Villages=Various descent groups (clans/bands) - no formal govt or social classes.






13. Action - research & development - community - advocacy - cultural/social marketing






14. Man marries widow of his dead brother






15. The 1st in the three stages of the evolution theory developed by Lewis Henry Morgan. (hunter-gatherer - hordes - no class - no ownership).






16. Transfer of cultural traits/ideas from one society/ethnic group to another. McDonald's (US=Fast Food - China=Special Occasion)






17. Platyrrhini - south america - small mammals - tree dwellers - prehensile tails - noctural - monogamous (gibbons - marmosets)






18. Difference in the genes between different species or members of the same species - caused by the varying number of structure of the chromosome. Not all may be observable as phenotypic variations






19. Primitive people. Some people have special power - middlemen b/n man and god. Performs ritual magic to save tribe in trouble






20. Each inherited characteristic is determined by two heredity factors/genes - one from each parent - which determines whether a gene will be dominant or recessive.


21. Father of Modern Anthropology - noted for applying the scientific method to the study of human cultures and societies. Opposed evolutionist.






22. Random change in allele frequencies that occurs in small populations. Sewall-Wright effect






23. Groups descended from mother or father's line only. (unilateral)






24. An impersonal supernatural force that flows in and out of people and objects






25. Hawaiian - aroi sun kingdom






26. Thinkers: linguistics






27. Study of human activity and cultures through material remains. non-natural science. half science - half humanity. Fills in gaps in human history.






28. Basic building blocks of culture. Without them - there is no culture






29. Muslim (up to 4 wives by law). Middle East - Asia - North Africa. Native Americans (before European values)






30. Yanonamo Village invites another village. Social gathering/political alliances (like dinner party). Yan=deceiptful






31. Also known as 'biological anthropology -' studies the mechanisms of biological evolution - genetic inheritance - human adaptability and variation - primatology - and the fossil record of human evolution.






32. Penalty for violating moral principle or law. Larger society=more formal sanction






33. Shift of population from food production to specialization. Strong sense of ownership of land.






34. First used in admin of British Colonies by Northcote Thomas in Nigeria in 1908. 'Age of Enlightenment'/Natural Science






35. The process by which a living organism adapts to its environment.






36. The school of thought developed by the French anthropologist Claude Levi-Strauss - in which cultures - viewed as systems - are analyzed in terms of the structural relations among their elements. Referring to mental structure.






37. Associated with Julian Steward - study of adaptation of social culture to natural resources and other human groups.






38. The skeletal remains of Homo erectus - found at Zhoukoudian - near Peking - China - in the late 1930s and early 1940s and subsequently lost during World War II






39. The study of the literal meanings and the interpretation of words.






40. Thinker: social stratification






41. Marks change in social or sexual status. Birth - Circumcision - Coming of Age - Wedding - Menopause - Death






42. The elementary structure. all cultural systems are built is a set of four types of organically linked relationships: brother/sister - husband/wife - father/son - and mother's brother/sister's son. (Levi-Strauss).






43. By-product of grinding red ochre (magic powers) - Neolithic






44. Relatives through marriage






45. With reference to the writing of P. Teilhard de Chardin - a stage - world or sphere of evolutionary development characterized by consciousness - the mind - information and interpersonal relationships.






46. The linguistic hypothesis holds that language predisposes us to see the world in a certain way was developed by these two.






47. Spread of something from one group to another






48. Buying/selling goods & Services with prices set by supply & demand. (usually involves money). Haviland: Informal v. Formal (govt controlled)






49. Eg - Barter. Scarce goods from one group are exchanged for desirable goods from another group. Giver tries to come out on top. Ultimate form = taking by force.






50. Large neolithic farming village in Turkey during 6700 B.C. - 5700 B.C.