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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Provisional sampling cuts to explore potential excavation sites. Tigris/Euphrates flooded regularly so hard to navigate.






2. The study of the different sounds employed by language.






3. Anthropologist: (early 1900s): Culture = combination of universals - alternatives - specialties - individual peculiarities. The Study of Man (1936) and The Tree of Culture (1955)






4. Family who excavate Olduvai Gorge






5. The earliest member of the genus Homo - ape-like - found on sites dating 2mya Dr. Leakey in Olduvai Gorge - Africa. 775cc brain (1/2 sapien) tool users. Lived 50 -000 years. 'handy man'






6. Ways to date artifacts






7. Ceremonial distrib of property/gifts to affirm social status. Ritual generosity - conspic consump. Wealth used to purchase Prestige. NW Pacific Indian Tribes Haida - Nuxalk - Tlingit - Tsimshian - Salish - Nuu-chah-nulth - and Kwakiutl. Also similar






8. Basic building blocks of culture. Without them - there is no culture






9. Father of Modern Anthropology - noted for applying the scientific method to the study of human cultures and societies. Opposed evolutionist.






10. Strong social prohibition. Abhorrent to society. Eg - Hinduism: killing the co






11. Story with deep explanatory or symbolic resonance for a culture






12. From Africa to Eurasia (through Himalayas/Silk Road - across straight of Gilbralter.






13. Runway/airstrip/radios (coconuts and straw to attract aircraft with cargo). Ritual marches (twigs/guns - insignia 'USA' to look like soldiers)






14. Marriage to a person belonging to a tribe or group other than your own as required by custom or law






15. <40kya): Regional stone tool industries (Perigordian - Aurignacian - Solutrean - Magdelenian) - More complex - specialized - variety of tools. Regional artistic traditions. Homosapien - Neanderthal - Cro-magnon. Small Sculptures (E. Eur): Small - por






16. World's first cities appeared between the years 4000 and 3500 BC.






17. Traces back to ONE person






18. Logic/Observation (not gods). Thales - Xenophanes - Pyhtagorus - Hippocrates. Differed from Near Eastern thought.






19. Earliest known bipedal hominid with ape like brain - ex. Lucy 3.2 mya. 400cc brain. Africa.






20. 1962; employ mine detectors. pulsed-induction meter and the soil-conductivity meter detect magnetic soil anomalies - only if the features are fairly shallow.






21. The actual time (usually measured in years) as determined by radioactive decay of elements






22. Anthropologist: formation of personalities






23. German archeologists who discovered the site of Troy in the late 1800's






24. The children of a parent's siblings of the opposite sex (mother's brothers - father's sisters).






25. Cluster of 3 or more sibs - clans - kinship groups considered a single unit (but retain sep IDs within) - Native Americans: Used animal sign to ID (Tlingit Tribe: Matri] - Intermarriage b/n phratries was mandated)






26. Anthropologist: cross-cultural values






27. Used to date organic remains and rocks from 50 -000yrs ago to present (atomic physics)






28. A group of sexually reproducing individuals (of the same species) mating with each other and sharing a common gene pool.






29. Created by repeated pecking at grindstones b/c too smooth to grind red ochre=Macehead (Egypt/Nile Valley)- Neolithic






30. Spread of an IDEA from one group to another.






31. Anthropologist: Indians (North - Central - South America). Recorded folktales of blacks in N. America and West Indies.






32. Catarrhini (hooked nose). Asia - Africa - Europe. large mammals. ground dwellers. carniverous. harems/sexual dimorphism. non-prehensile tails (baboons - macaque - proboscic monkey.






33. Anthropologist: reciprocity - gift economy - Durkheim's nephew






34. Ancient Roman patrilineal clan that shared the same surname - and a legendary common ancestor (worshipped)






35. Primitive people. Some people have special power - middlemen b/n man and god. Performs ritual magic to save tribe in trouble






36. States (see themselves as manipulating their environment - controlling it - dominating it - for self-interest).






37. People group: (S. Mesopotamia/Iraq). Advanced Tech (bronze tools/weapons). Writing (cuneiform) - law - educations - intellectual - economic. City-state government






38. Relatives on each side of marriage - extending at least to second cousin. Urbanization - migration = less importance






39. The observable characteristics of an organism - including physical appearance.






40. Social Institutions - not theological - philosophical - or psychological phenomenons






41. Wheat - barley - flax began in Asia. Entered Africa through Nile Delta (Egypt). One form of wheat began in Ethiopia. - Neolithic






42. One of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic - such as hair color






43. Skipped Bronze Age. Intermediate Neolithic tools were used instead (Zaire - Ghana). But not in Kenya (no celts - axes etc)






44. Scarcity - Supply & Demand - Self-interest - personal gain - rational decision-making. Economy can be analyzed independent of other social structures and institutions.Emph: Choice of Indiv actor






45. African CLICK language speakers. (click also used in Bantu - Zulu - Xhosa - Damin)






46. King of Babylon. had law code (discipline - order in society - pessimistic outlook) Sanctioned by the gods






47. The study of the rules for the formation of grammatical sentences in a language.






48. Describe behavior in insider/natives own terms. Actor's own reasons - interpretations - customs - beliefs






49. By-product of grinding red ochre (magic powers) - Neolithic






50. Form of government of Hittites - Assyrians - Babylonians - Israelites