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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The archaeology of ancient Egypt






2. Ancient Hebrew manuscripts hidden in clay jars in caves near Qumran by the Dead Sea that were discovered accidentally by Bedouin while looking for a stray animal in 1947..






3. Ancient Roman patrilineal clan that shared the same surname - and a legendary common ancestor (worshipped)






4. Personal quirks: Get up at certain time - order of getting dressed - etc






5. (New Stone Age): 10kya. Domestic animals - villages - pottery - weaving - food producing (not collecting). Holocene. Beginning of real civilization (Final stage of prehistoric cult evol/techno dev)






6. Any agent (physical or environmental) that can induce a genetic mutation or can increase the rate of mutation






7. Spread of innovations in the Cradle of Civilization . Modified: Various centers spread innovation






8. Domestication of plants - gardening using man-powered tools. Labor Intensive/Surplus/Social Stratification






9. Provisional sampling cuts to explore potential excavation sites. Tigris/Euphrates flooded regularly so hard to navigate.






10. Using a radioactive process to determine the age of an item. millions of years.






11. A systematic and detailed description of a particular culture primarily based on fieldwork - direct contact - and qualitive research.






12. Essential mechanism of evolution proposed by Charles Darwin - and is the process by which those members of a particular species that are better adapted to their environment survive longer and produce more offspring than the poorer adapted.






13. A subdivision within the primate order based on shared anatomical characteristics that larger brains - binocular vision - parental care - longer gestational period - slower maturation.






14. Food foragers (in-sync with env - see themselves as a harmonious part of natural world).






15. Created by Setting upper grindstone at an angle when grinding red ochre=sharp edge=Celt (like a chisel or axe - Egypt)- Neolithic






16. Research that refers to in-depth study using face-to-face or observation techniques to collect data from people in their natural settings.






17. Communal Ownership of Land. Some ownership - but pastures - forests - mountains - waterways - sacred grounds - are shared






18. Marriage within one's own tribe or group as required by custom or law






19. Referring to time as it relates to something older or younger; not exact dates.






20. The discovery and recording of archaeological sites and their examination by methods other than the use of the spade and the trowel






21. Hispanic ritual - 15 yr girl - sneakers to high heel






22. Fixed at birth - unchangeable - endogamous. India: Brahmins - warriors - artisans - laborers (then untouchables)






23. A homo erectus discovered by Dutch physician and anatomist Eugene Dubois in 1891 in JAVA Indonesia -






24. (Middle Stone Age): 10kya. Hunter/Gatherer (w/ fish). Baskets - Pots - - harpoons - canoes - store food. Holocene. Not much development in art - focused on inventions - diversification of subsistence strategies






25. Position from which members engage in social practices. (Sociology focuses on interrelationship/effect of status






26. Ruthless empire. By 665BC=Palestine - Syria - Asia Minor - Persian Gulf. buffer b/n civil Middle East & Barbarians.fell in 612BC. Internal revolution - and defeat by NeoBabylonians (Chaldeans)






27. 'Verbal Evaluation - Patterns of Association - symbolic Indicators(wealth/dress/job)'. Haviland






28. The study of the principles and rules that regulate word structure in language.






29. Thinker: social stratification






30. Ritual of Greek Citizenship






31. The earliest member of the genus Homo - ape-like - found on sites dating 2mya Dr. Leakey in Olduvai Gorge - Africa. 775cc brain (1/2 sapien) tool users. Lived 50 -000 years. 'handy man'






32. Eg - Barter. Scarce goods from one group are exchanged for desirable goods from another group. Giver tries to come out on top. Ultimate form = taking by force.






33. Planned - rescue - and accidental.






34. Family that raised you






35. The process through which genes pass from the gene pool of one population through mating and reproduction to that of another.






36. Common in non-intensive food production. Villages=Various descent groups (clans/bands) - no formal govt or social classes.






37. Based on institutionalized beliefs and practices dealing with ultimate meaning of life. Belief stems from their experience of the world.






38. Closest living animal to modern humans. 96% same DNA.






39. Created by repeated pecking at grindstones b/c too smooth to grind red ochre=Macehead (Egypt/Nile Valley)- Neolithic






40. Things all people do the same way (language)






41. New family you form when you marry and have children.






42. Spread from Middle East north to Europe (across Turkey/Greece into C. Eur. AND across Egypt/N Afr to Spain).Britain and Scandinavia became farming after 3k BC (Mesolithic Period).- Neolithic






43. The non-living world. the area from the surface of earth down to its center.






44. 40 -000 to 8000 B.C. homo sapiens. Found in France. Brain size 1 -400cc. Created art. paleolithic.






45. Marriage to a person belonging to a tribe or group other than your own as required by custom or law






46. Married couple + Kids (incl. Foster - adopted - natural children). Most common form in US.aka Conjugal Family






47. The study of the patterns and distributions of speech sounds in a language and the tacit rules for their pronunciation.






48. 1/2 Founder of Modern Anthropology. After River (more rigor). Studied American Indians (1880s documented) Coined 'Cultural Relativism'. Sat with elders to hear their historic accounts of their culture. [Salvage ethnography]






49. Not universal. Evolved in last 10k years (surplus food - development of states). States are political system most likely to go to war






50. The elementary structure. all cultural systems are built is a set of four types of organically linked relationships: brother/sister - husband/wife - father/son - and mother's brother/sister's son. (Levi-Strauss).







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