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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Permanent formal government structures and socioeconomic stratification. Most people in world's society. Autonomous political units - social classes - Formal govt based on Law - social status - population control - judges - law enf - fiscal.






2. Created by Setting upper grindstone at an angle when grinding red ochre=sharp edge=Celt (like a chisel or axe - Egypt)- Neolithic






3. Structionalism. Amazon tribe. ethnographic.






4. Marks change in social or sexual status. Birth - Circumcision - Coming of Age - Wedding - Menopause - Death






5. Anthropologist: Pacific Islands(SamoaPolynesia) - cultural effects on development of personality






6. An impersonal supernatural force that flows in and out of people and objects






7. Skipped Bronze Age. Intermediate Neolithic tools were used instead (Zaire - Ghana). But not in Kenya (no celts - axes etc)






8. The exchange of genetic material between maternal and paternal chromosomes - creating a new combination of genes on the chromosome.






9. (HG) Personalized - supernatural beings (souls or gods) inhabit ordinary objects and govern their existence. Everything has a soul. Zambia - Congo - Gabon - Guinea - Indonesia - Japan - Laos - Myanmar - Peru - Philippines (+ Canada - Russia - Sweden






10. Person is considered equally related to kinfolk on either side of the family. Western Socs. (bilateral)






11. (Veblen): Display of wealth by its owner for social prestige






12. The science dealing with the measurement of the human body to determine differences in individuals or groups






13. Early humans and human like creature. Erect - large complex brain - tool-using - community organization.






14. Half way b/n tribe and a state. Permanent political structure. Transitional form of sociopol org in evolution of tribe to state






15. Focusing efforts to implement positive change in a culture






16. Anthropologist: cross-cultural values






17. Things all people do the same way (language)






18. Common ancestor. Endogamy forbidden (regarded as incest). Can be Matriclan/Patriclan






19. The elementary structure. all cultural systems are built is a set of four types of organically linked relationships: brother/sister - husband/wife - father/son - and mother's brother/sister's son. (Levi-Strauss).






20. Common in non-intensive food production. Villages=Various descent groups (clans/bands) - no formal govt or social classes.






21. (1940)archaeological prospecting employing electricity and magnetic fields. A method of large-scale oil prospecting: electrical conductivity present in the soil.






22. Political order (polity) is not a distinct institution - it is embedded in the overall social order. No formal govt






23. Primary form of support for existing political leadership. Based on internal values of the people - not so much coercion






24. Family who excavate Olduvai Gorge






25. Mobile Foragers (Eskimo) combine nuclear families. Don't allow accumulated wealth - prize generosity - equality of resources






26. Change based on belief in inevitable advance of science and Western secularism. Industrial growth - consolidation of the state - bureaucratization - market economy - tech advances - literacy - social mobility






27. Characteristics are inherited independently from other characteristics

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28. 40 -000 to 8000 B.C. homo sapiens. Found in France. Brain size 1 -400cc. Created art. paleolithic.






29. Spread of innovations in the Cradle of Civilization . Modified: Various centers spread innovation






30. 1/2 Founder of Modern Anthropology. Ethnographic fieldwork - reciprocity - Pacific Islands. After Rivers (more rigor) 'Participant Observation'. WWI spent 2 years in Trobriand Islands (Papua New Guinea)






31. Half way b/n tribe and state. Kin-based. Permanent group-based differencesin access to resources. Permanent Political Structure






32. The actual time (usually measured in years) as determined by radioactive decay of elements






33. Associated with Julian Steward - study of adaptation of social culture to natural resources and other human groups.






34. From Africa to Eurasia (through Himalayas/Silk Road - across straight of Gilbralter.






35. Ways to date artifacts






36. Personal quirks: Get up at certain time - order of getting dressed - etc






37. One of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic - such as hair color






38. Ancient Roman patrilineal clan that shared the same surname - and a legendary common ancestor (worshipped)






39. Using a radioactive process to determine the age of an item. millions of years.






40. Technology that Spread east to Indus River Valley (India) by 5k BC






41. (some people do it differently) Sex roles - religion - age roles






42. Food foragers (in-sync with env - see themselves as a harmonious part of natural world).






43. The study of the literal meanings and the interpretation of words.






44. Spread of an IDEA from one group to another.






45. A subdivision within the primate order based on shared anatomical characteristics that larger brains - binocular vision - parental care - longer gestational period - slower maturation.






46. Hawaiian - aroi sun kingdom






47. Anthrpologist: Arapaho - archeo/anthro. preservation of Indian tribal culture. salvage ethnography. student of Boas.






48. Theory that sees society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability. (Talcott Parsons)






49. Essential mechanism of evolution proposed by Charles Darwin - and is the process by which those members of a particular species that are better adapted to their environment survive longer and produce more offspring than the poorer adapted.






50. Position from which members engage in social practices. (Sociology focuses on interrelationship/effect of status