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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Anthropologist: Indians (North - Central - South America). Recorded folktales of blacks in N. America and West Indies.






2. Ruthless empire. By 665BC=Palestine - Syria - Asia Minor - Persian Gulf. buffer b/n civil Middle East & Barbarians.fell in 612BC. Internal revolution - and defeat by NeoBabylonians (Chaldeans)






3. Thinker: social stratification






4. Women are material objects - promised to a man in return for reciprocity (usually another woman - or political alliance






5. 1/2 Founder of Modern Anthropology. After River (more rigor). Studied American Indians (1880s documented) Coined 'Cultural Relativism'. Sat with elders to hear their historic accounts of their culture. [Salvage ethnography]






6. 'Verbal Evaluation - Patterns of Association - symbolic Indicators(wealth/dress/job)'. Haviland






7. Consists of social impact assessment - evaluation research - technology development research - cultural resource assessment






8. 40 -000 to 8000 B.C. homo sapiens. Found in France. Brain size 1 -400cc. Created art. paleolithic.






9. All cultures accept. But only 20% of societies are considered strictly monogamous (one marriage per lifetime)






10. Mobile Foragers (Eskimo) combine nuclear families. Don't allow accumulated wealth - prize generosity - equality of resources






11. Cluster of 3 or more sibs - clans - kinship groups considered a single unit (but retain sep IDs within) - Native Americans: Used animal sign to ID (Tlingit Tribe: Matri] - Intermarriage b/n phratries was mandated)






12. Anthropologist: (early 1900s): Culture = combination of universals - alternatives - specialties - individual peculiarities. The Study of Man (1936) and The Tree of Culture (1955)






13. Goods flow to central place - and are distributed again (Eg -US Tax System). Reqs strong central political organization. Sometimes Prestige is derived from giving away valuables






14. Indians: Tribal villages (farmer class) - religious urban centers (priest class) - TIME/Astronomy/math - pyramids - reptilian gods.






15. (some people do it differently) Sex roles - religion - age roles






16. Belief of early anthropologist that cultures evolve through various stages from a simpler and more primitive state to a complex and more culturally advanced state.






17. Skipped Bronze Age. Intermediate Neolithic tools were used instead (Zaire - Ghana). But not in Kenya (no celts - axes etc)






18. Transfer of cultural traits/ideas from one society/ethnic group to another. McDonald's (US=Fast Food - China=Special Occasion)






19. Logic/Observation (not gods). Thales - Xenophanes - Pyhtagorus - Hippocrates. Differed from Near Eastern thought.






20. Hispanic ritual - 15 yr girl - sneakers to high heel






21. The process of removing earth carefully and systemically from an area in order to find buried remains






22. Early anthropologists such as E.B. Taylor and J.G. Frazer in England who worked mostly with materials collected by others - usually missionaries - traders - explorers - or colonial officials.






23. Created by repeated pecking at grindstones b/c too smooth to grind red ochre=Macehead (Egypt/Nile Valley)- Neolithic






24. Anthropologist: reciprocity - gift economy - Durkheim's nephew






25. Collecting community data for use by development planners






26. (Veblen): Display of wealth by its owner for social prestige






27. Form of government of Hittites - Assyrians - Babylonians - Israelites






28. German archeologists who discovered the site of Troy in the late 1800's






29. African CLICK language speakers. (click also used in Bantu - Zulu - Xhosa - Damin)






30. Study of human activity and cultures through material remains. non-natural science. half science - half humanity. Fills in gaps in human history.






31. Common in non-intensive food production. Villages=Various descent groups (clans/bands) - no formal govt or social classes.






32. Spread to Huang Ho (Yellow River Valley) of China - and SE Asia by 3500BC (millet and rice).- Neolithic






33. Refined the Flake Stone Tools (flint): Mousterian Industry. Neanderthal Man.






34. The process through which genes pass from the gene pool of one population through mating and reproduction to that of another.






35. A type of agricultural activity based on nomadic animal husbandry or the raising of livestock to provide food - clothing - and shelter.






36. Cholula - Huastec - Mixtec - Olmec - Pipil - Totonac - Toltec - Zapote






37. Lemurs - monkeys - Apes and humans. Prehensile/Grasping hands..Some-opposable thumb - larger males than females. flat fingernails.






38. Deoxyribonucleic acid; genetic formation in a double-helix; (Watson & Crick)






39. The subfield of anthropology that focuses on variations in cultural behaviors among human populations






40. Viewpoint of Anthropologists. Economy that is embedded within other social structures and institutions. Interaction of humans with their environment - methods of 'want' satisfaction. Holistic. Opponents argue that Formalist approach only applies to m






41. The science dealing with the measurement of the human body to determine differences in individuals or groups






42. Man marries widow of his dead brother






43. Ancient Hebrew manuscripts hidden in clay jars in caves near Qumran by the Dead Sea that were discovered accidentally by Bedouin while looking for a stray animal in 1947..






44. A change or alteration in nitrogenous bases of DNA.






45. Change based on belief in inevitable advance of science and Western secularism. Industrial growth - consolidation of the state - bureaucratization - market economy - tech advances - literacy - social mobility






46. From Africa to Eurasia (through Himalayas/Silk Road - across straight of Gilbralter.






47. Ways to date artifacts






48. A subdivision within the primate order based on shared anatomical characteristics that larger brains - binocular vision - parental care - longer gestational period - slower maturation.






49. The living world. the regions of the surface and atmosphere of the Earth (or other planet) where living organisms exist






50. Branch of anthropology - systematic and detailed comparison of human races - their origin - distribution - culture - etc.