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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Any agent (physical or environmental) that can induce a genetic mutation or can increase the rate of mutation






2. (1940)archaeological prospecting employing electricity and magnetic fields. A method of large-scale oil prospecting: electrical conductivity present in the soil.






3. 1/2 Founder of Modern Anthropology. After River (more rigor). Studied American Indians (1880s documented) Coined 'Cultural Relativism'. Sat with elders to hear their historic accounts of their culture. [Salvage ethnography]






4. Cholula - Huastec - Mixtec - Olmec - Pipil - Totonac - Toltec - Zapote






5. The non-living world. the area from the surface of earth down to its center.






6. Change based on belief in inevitable advance of science and Western secularism. Industrial growth - consolidation of the state - bureaucratization - market economy - tech advances - literacy - social mobility






7. Form of government of Hittites - Assyrians - Babylonians - Israelites






8. Refined the Flake Stone Tools (flint): Mousterian Industry. Neanderthal Man.






9. The living world. the regions of the surface and atmosphere of the Earth (or other planet) where living organisms exist






10. Anthropologist: After armchair anthro...embarked on early anthro expeditions (not scientifically rigorous).






11. Shorthand - Morse Code






12. Anthropologist: symbolic anthropology. Interpretation of cultures.






13. (HG) Personalized - supernatural beings (souls or gods) inhabit ordinary objects and govern their existence. Everything has a soul. Zambia - Congo - Gabon - Guinea - Indonesia - Japan - Laos - Myanmar - Peru - Philippines (+ Canada - Russia - Sweden






14. Old Stone Age. 2.5 mya - 2kya. Chipped stone tools. earliest human ancestors. pleistocene.






15. Story with deep explanatory or symbolic resonance for a culture






16. Lemurs - monkeys - Apes and humans. Prehensile/Grasping hands..Some-opposable thumb - larger males than females. flat fingernails.






17. Father of Modern Anthropology - noted for applying the scientific method to the study of human cultures and societies. Opposed evolutionist.






18. The skeletal remains of Homo erectus - found at Zhoukoudian - near Peking - China - in the late 1930s and early 1940s and subsequently lost during World War II






19. Perform Rituals in belief that ancestors will recognize their own people and make very valuable cargo come (utopian/millenial). John Frum






20. Spread of innovations in the Cradle of Civilization . Modified: Various centers spread innovation






21. The process by which a living organism adapts to its environment.






22. Primary form of support for existing political leadership. Based on internal values of the people - not so much coercion






23. Focusing efforts to implement positive change in a culture






24. Spread of an IDEA from one group to another.






25. Each inherited characteristic is determined by two heredity factors/genes - one from each parent - which determines whether a gene will be dominant or recessive.

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26. Cluster of 3 or more sibs - clans - kinship groups considered a single unit (but retain sep IDs within) - Native Americans: Used animal sign to ID (Tlingit Tribe: Matri] - Intermarriage b/n phratries was mandated)






27. Closest living animal to modern humans. 96% same DNA.






28. A change or alteration in nitrogenous bases of DNA.






29. The 1st in the three stages of the evolution theory developed by Lewis Henry Morgan. (hunter-gatherer - hordes - no class - no ownership).






30. 'Verbal Evaluation - Patterns of Association - symbolic Indicators(wealth/dress/job)'. Haviland






31. Exchange of goods/services/gifts/emotions b/n two parties. Often ritual/ceremony. Characteristic of HG groups






32. Groups descended from mother or father's line only. (unilateral)






33. Penalty for violating moral principle or law. Larger society=more formal sanction






34. Eg - Barter. Scarce goods from one group are exchanged for desirable goods from another group. Giver tries to come out on top. Ultimate form = taking by force.






35. Man marries widow of his dead brother






36. Ritual of Greek Citizenship






37. Primitive people. Some people have special power - middlemen b/n man and god. Performs ritual magic to save tribe in trouble






38. Hawaiian - aroi sun kingdom






39. The study of the rules for the formation of grammatical sentences in a language.






40. Not universal. Evolved in last 10k years (surplus food - development of states). States are political system most likely to go to war






41. (Veblen): Display of wealth by its owner for social prestige






42. The archaeology of ancient Egypt






43. Describe behavior in terms familiar to the observer (enables comparative research - and making universal claims)






44. 40 -000 to 8000 B.C. homo sapiens. Found in France. Brain size 1 -400cc. Created art. paleolithic.






45. A larger collection of DNA that contains many genes and the support proteins needed to control these genes.






46. Through the mother but DOES NOT imply matriarchy






47. Common ancestor. Endogamy forbidden (regarded as incest). Can be Matriclan/Patriclan






48. Small segment of DNA that codes for the systhesis (creation) of a specific protein - and thus determines a trait.






49. Yanonamo Village invites another village. Social gathering/political alliances (like dinner party). Yan=deceiptful






50. (Reverence): Most rituals mark day - month - season - year - stage of life - new event. Burial Rituals found from 20kya