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DSST General Anthropology

Subjects : dsst, anthropology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Belief of early anthropologist that cultures evolve through various stages from a simpler and more primitive state to a complex and more culturally advanced state.






2. Form of government of Hittites - Assyrians - Babylonians - Israelites






3. The application of Charles Darwin's ideas about evolution and 'survival of the fittest' to human societies - particularly as justification for United States expansion. (white man's burden)






4. Yanonamo Village invites another village. Social gathering/political alliances (like dinner party). Yan=deceiptful






5. The archaeology of ancient Greece and Rome






6. Massive pyramidal stepped tower made of mudbricks. It is associated with religious complexes in ancient Mesopotamian cities - Sumerians.






7. The study of how people use language in context - how utterances are used - either figuratively or literally - in communicative acts.






8. Using anthropological expertise on a practical level to understand and alleviate human problems. Eg - Impact of a new agriculture system in a society - causes of illiteracy among adults in a given group






9. (New Stone Age): 10kya. Domestic animals - villages - pottery - weaving - food producing (not collecting). Holocene. Beginning of real civilization (Final stage of prehistoric cult evol/techno dev)






10. The science dealing with the measurement of the human body to determine differences in individuals or groups






11. The process through which genes pass from the gene pool of one population through mating and reproduction to that of another.






12. Found Australopathicus skull in 1959. Upright human footprints in 1978






13. The commonness of the occurrence of any particular allele in a population (a fraction)






14. The application of scientific principles to agriculture especially to animal breeding






15. Indians: Tribal villages (farmer class) - religious urban centers (priest class) - TIME/Astronomy/math - pyramids - reptilian gods.






16. Position from which members engage in social practices. (Sociology focuses on interrelationship/effect of status






17. The living world. the regions of the surface and atmosphere of the Earth (or other planet) where living organisms exist






18. Muslim (up to 4 wives by law). Middle East - Asia - North Africa. Native Americans (before European values)






19. Said anthropology is a 'Policy Science'. Urged for its use in improving the human condition. What is Culture - cross-cultural.






20. Species of people that inhabited much of Europe and the Mediterranean lands c. 200 -000-28 -000 years ago. The name derives from the discovery in 1856 of remains in a cave above Germany's Neander Valley. Neanderthals were short - stout - and powerful






21. Used to date organic remains and rocks from 50 -000yrs ago to present (atomic physics)






22. Old Stone Age. 2.5 mya - 2kya. Chipped stone tools. earliest human ancestors. pleistocene.






23. Marks change in social or sexual status. Birth - Circumcision - Coming of Age - Wedding - Menopause - Death






24. Buying/selling goods & Services with prices set by supply & demand. (usually involves money). Haviland: Informal v. Formal (govt controlled)






25. By-product of grinding red ochre (magic powers) - Neolithic






26. Difference in the genes between different species or members of the same species - caused by the varying number of structure of the chromosome. Not all may be observable as phenotypic variations






27. Seperation(leave) - Liminality(limbo) - Incorporation(rejoin).






28. Method of detecting buried features by locating the magnetic disturbances they cause: (1957-58) proton magnetometer - the proton gradiometer - and the fluxgate gradiometer.






29. A social bond based on common ancestry - marriage - or adoption






30. All the knowledge and values shared by a society






31. 1/2 Founder of Modern Anthropology. After River (more rigor). Studied American Indians (1880s documented) Coined 'Cultural Relativism'. Sat with elders to hear their historic accounts of their culture. [Salvage ethnography]






32. The exchange of genetic material between maternal and paternal chromosomes - creating a new combination of genes on the chromosome.






33. Social Institutions - not theological - philosophical - or psychological phenomenons






34. Runway/airstrip/radios (coconuts and straw to attract aircraft with cargo). Ritual marches (twigs/guns - insignia 'USA' to look like soldiers)






35. Personal quirks: Get up at certain time - order of getting dressed - etc






36. The linguistic hypothesis holds that language predisposes us to see the world in a certain way was developed by these two.






37. The earliest member of the genus Homo - ape-like - found on sites dating 2mya Dr. Leakey in Olduvai Gorge - Africa. 775cc brain (1/2 sapien) tool users. Lived 50 -000 years. 'handy man'






38. The genetic makeup of an organism as indicated by its set of alleles - that determines hereditary potential/limits from embyro to adulthood.






39. A systematic and detailed description of a particular culture primarily based on fieldwork - direct contact - and qualitive research.






40. Adenine - guanine - cytosine - thymine that form genetic code.






41. German archeologists who discovered the site of Troy in the late 1800's






42. Set of rights and obligations inherent in a social position.






43. Also known as 'biological anthropology -' studies the mechanisms of biological evolution - genetic inheritance - human adaptability and variation - primatology - and the fossil record of human evolution.






44. British Hieroglyphics translator -Father of Archeology






45. Thinkers: linguistics






46. The skeletal remains of Homo erectus - found at Zhoukoudian - near Peking - China - in the late 1930s and early 1940s and subsequently lost during World War II






47. Strong social prohibition. Abhorrent to society. Eg - Hinduism: killing the co






48. Marriage within one's own tribe or group as required by custom or law






49. System of symbols - mediate b/n an individual and his world. Way of Life. Make sense of world - motivate behavior






50. Either of 2 sibs - clans - kinship groups - of unilateral descent - that together make up a tribe or society