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DSST Introduction To Law Enforcement

Subjects : dsst, law-enforcement
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The courts of general jurisdiction utilize a fact-finding foundation known as the ___________ process which pits the State's interest - as represented by the prosecution against the Defendant's - as represented by defense counsel.






2. The exclusionary rule was modified by the __________ exception in the US Supreme Court decision of US v. Leon (1984).






3. The ________ rule was further emphasized in Edwards v. Arizona (1981) - when the court prohibited investigators from continuing questioning once the suspect has requested an attorney.






4. This is the problem of case __________. Research has shown that only about half of felony arrests result in convictions. The question is whether this is due to poor police work or some other reason.






5. The Defendant was _________ arrested in his office - which consisted of a single room. The search was valid and reasonable given the circumstances of the arrest and small space of the area he was arrested in.






6. There are around _____ federal - state and local law enforcement agencies in the US.






7. Domestic disturbances may be fuelled by alcohol and drug abuse - financial difficulties or many other reasons that are beyond the ________ of the officers.






8. The Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) is an annualized report published by the ___ that states the statistical rate of reported crime in the US based on data from police reports.






9. The county level of government supplies citizens with police services - for example the county ________.






10. Campus police is probably the most important example of the special district police force. The also participate in the ____ program.






11. A centralized state-level agency - which merges patrol with ______________ will usually assist in local criminal investigations when asked - patrol the state's highways - operate identification bureaus - manage criminal records and provide training t






12. After the arrest - suspects are brought before a __________ for their first appearance so that the charges brought against them can be read out and if appropriate they may be released on their own recognizance.






13. It can be argued that __________ officers possess an additional skill and therefore the extra pay can be justified on those grounds.






14. Decentralization means reduced _____________ of rank and file officers who have greater discretion in making decisions.






15. Officers must file written _______ in certain circumstances when they exercise their discretion - for example when they fire their weapon and these reports must be reviewed by their superiors.






16. In US v. Irizarry (1982) - the US Supreme Court held that evidence found above a ceiling panel that was out of place was _______ the scope of the plain-view doctrine






17. In serious cases - this may be the outcome. However - hospital care for the mentally ill is very disjointed and it may be difficult to hospitalize a person without their ________. Also - these hospitals or shelters may refuse to admit these patients.






18. J Edgar ______ - the Director of the FBI in the 1930s had a critical impact on local policing in setting educational and training models for officers - the development of the Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) and the establishment of the FBI crime lab.






19. Various studies have shown that these pursuits have between an 18% to 33% chance of resulting in an accident. As a consequence - many departments have a restrictive - discouraging or discretionary _______ regarding high-speed pursuits for officers to






20. Deterrence prevents crime through using an example or threat of ___________ to persuade the public against committing the crime.






21. Racial profiling is the practice of stopping and or __________ a person not because of any suspected criminal activity but because of that person's race.






22. The UCR has a hierarchy rule whereby multiple types of incidents can only be recorded as 1 incident. This is a _________ of the system.






23. The role of the police academy is to provide formal training - root out ___________ recruits and immerse the trainees in the police subculture.






24. Public concern led to the start of the crackdown and this is viewed as an important police role but it is very difficult to spot the minority of drunk drivers amongst those who are ______.






25. This is one of the main functions of the police academy and ensures that unsuitable recruits do not make it as officers. About 10% of recruits do not _________ from the academy.






26. Domestic violence must be distinguished from a domestic ___________ in the sense that in the former a serious crime has been committed and so the officers can exercise their powers of arrest - if they choose to do so although research shows that offi






27. When it comes to prostitution - low-level street-walking is usually tolerated so that the role of the police is normally ___________ and maintaining the peace.






28. Law enforcement in the US is extremely large and ___________ and hence this many agencies currently exist.






29. Campus police are a type of _______ district police force - and many of these larger forces have been state certified as law enforcement agencies with general arrest powers.






30. By dealing with the underlying issues - for example mental health or financial service problems - then a solution may be found to get them off the street and back into a more ___________ existence.






31. The CID within the FBI is responsible for organized crime - violent crime - ____________ and money laundering.






32. Sheriff departments are usually responsible for _______ court papers - civil summons - and managing security in state courtrooms.






33. In US v. __________ (1950) - the US Supreme Court ruled that a warrantless search upon a lawful arrest was permitted as long as it was reasonable given the circumstances.






34. Some legal experts believe that police discretion should be abolished because it is _______.






35. This was the step taken in 1965 to remedy _________ discrimination.






36. The Hispanic community is growing faster than expected and therefore police departments should take steps to hire more Hispanic officers through active recruitment processes and offering incentive ___ for bilingual officers.






37. Ballistics is the scientific _________ of firearms - ammunition - projectiles - bombs and explosives.






38. The written policies method is called '________________ rule-making' and it is presently the most popular method of controlling discretion.






39. Bail describes the circumstance when suspects are released from custody but on condition that money or property is offered as __________ against flight.






40. The professionalization movement started by Vollmer was nurtured by his prot






41. Field training consists of practical on-the-job training with a __________ field training officer.






42. A warrant is a _____ issued by the court to justify the arrest of a suspect. It offers protection to the officer executing the warrant against damages; for example for wrongful arrest.






43. A concurrent sentence is one that is served at the __________ as another sentence.






44. Officers have very broad discretion - yet this subject is _______ taught or sufficiently taught to better aid the officers in making an appropriate decision.






45. This is training in relation to _____________ rules and was spurred by the decisions of the US Supreme Court in the 1960s.






46. This was the bright-line rule (one that can ______ be crossed) that emerged from this case.






47. Some departments allow for bidding of new patrol areas once or twice _________.






48. This means that the court releases the suspect into their own custody or into the care of another. This occurs where the suspect poses a low flight risk and is not __________ to the community.






49. Due to an increase in _________ and disorder by citizens - officers turned to weaponry to protect themselves.






50. The majority of criminal cases do not go to trial but are instead settled via a plea _______.







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