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DSST Introduction To Law Enforcement

Subjects : dsst, law-enforcement
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Organized law enforcement in Britain can be traced back to 1200 AD when identified law breakers were pursued by a _____ led by the shire reeve or mounted officer.






2. The _________ Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS)is the term coined for this annual study.






3. The controversial 'broken window' theory made the connection between disorder - neighborhood decay and _____.






4. This is training in relation to _____________ rules and was spurred by the decisions of the US Supreme Court in the 1960s.






5. Domestic violence must be distinguished from a domestic ___________ in the sense that in the former a serious crime has been committed and so the officers can exercise their powers of arrest - if they choose to do so although research shows that offi






6. Training is one of the roles a ______-level enforcement agency usually engages in.






7. The UCR statistics are used to create the FBI Crime Clock which creates a picture of crime _________ in the US.






8. The NCVS Survey is a yearly study by the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) of specific households to determine the level of criminal _____________ - particularly unreported victimization - in the US.






9. In US v. Irizarry (1982) - the US Supreme Court held that evidence found above a ceiling panel that was out of place was _______ the scope of the plain-view doctrine






10. Apart from police corruption - another form of police deviance is ____________ deviance.






11. They believe that _____-reporting provides more accurate information than police reports.






12. By dealing with the underlying issues - for example mental health or financial service problems - then a solution may be found to get them off the street and back into a more ___________ existence.






13. After the arrest - suspects are brought before a __________ for their first appearance so that the charges brought against them can be read out and if appropriate they may be released on their own recognizance.






14. Under the 6th Amendment to the Constitution - every defendant has the right to a ____ trial.






15. The exclusionary rule relates to illegally seized evidence. In this case - the police searched and seized personal effects as well as incriminating evidence from the Defendant's house without a warrant. On the basis of this evidence - the Defendant w






16. Sheriff departments are usually responsible for _______ court papers - civil summons - and managing security in state courtrooms.






17. Good faith means that when the police act with the honest belief that they are following proper rules. According to the ruling in US v. Leon - when officers have acted in good faith reliance on a warrant - the evidence will not be excluded even if th






18. Officers must file written _______ in certain circumstances when they exercise their discretion - for example when they fire their weapon and these reports must be reviewed by their superiors.






19. Domestic disturbances may be fuelled by alcohol and drug abuse - financial difficulties or many other reasons that are beyond the ________ of the officers.






20. This may also be called '________ officer.' The investigative nature of their jobs has resulted in their classification as a local law enforcement agency.






21. There was no __________ form of criminal justice law in those days. Guilt was assumed; the execution carried out and accepted by all as an act of retribution.






22. Tensions between the police and racial minorities continue despite the many advances made since the 1960s; major complaints are still made regularly and these include use of excessive force and ______ profiling.






23. In this case - the Defendants were suspected of evading taxes but they refused to hand over their company books. An illegal search and seizure was performed and the books returned soon after - when the Defendant's lawyer objected. At the trial - the






24. When considering detective productivity and _____________ - more important than the number of arrests is the quality of those arrests.






25. This was the only way they could ________ themselves and their property from the bandits. They did try to apply the accepted standards of decency of the day to their actions.






26. The professionalization movement started by Vollmer was nurtured by his prot






27. This describes the Pendleton Act. This was a big step in the government becoming the huge _____________ it is today.






28. The rise of police professionalism and reform was spearheaded by August _______ who served as the chief of police in Berkeley - California from 1905 to 1932.






29. A limited amount of streetwalking is tolerated if it is restricted to a particular part of town - usually a business district and it is not too ________.






30. This was the ruling of the court. Many commentators were surprised but the court decided that although arrest for trivial offences (in this case a seat belt violation) may be embarrassing - it was not so extraordinary as to breach the ____ amendment






31. Decentralization means reduced _____________ of rank and file officers who have greater discretion in making decisions.






32. In serious cases - this may be the outcome. However - hospital care for the mentally ill is very disjointed and it may be difficult to hospitalize a person without their ________. Also - these hospitals or shelters may refuse to admit these patients.






33. In this case - the police applied for and obtained a search warrant from a magistrate for the Defendant's homes. Drugs were found there and the Defendant convicted. He appealed on the grounds that the original affidavit drawn up to obtain the search






34. This occurs where criminal and non-criminal actions are used by an officer in the course of his/her working activities or committed when pretending it is within his/her ___________ police authority. An example is sleeping on the job or a racial slur






35. Parens patriae is Latin for 'the ______ as parent'.






36. Community policing is widely implemented in the US today but critics are concerned that the police role of crime control has been hijacked - the police are increasingly getting involved at a political level and ________________ will lead to the loss






37. The ________ stage of SARA refers to the creation of strategies based on the analyzed data to deal with the problem whereas the assessment stage requires an evaluation of the effectiveness of the response.






38. This is because patrol consists of the majority of police work and this is ________ through the police communications network - which is triggered by 911 calls.






39. When it comes to prostitution - low-level street-walking is usually tolerated so that the role of the police is normally ___________ and maintaining the peace.






40. The 3 main approaches to controlling police discretion are removing it - improving the professional judgment of officers through better training and managing it through _______ policies.






41. Citizen ______ and vigilante groups were the main means of policing the frontier and well-known figures who took up this challenge in the 19th Century include Wild Bill Hickok and Wyatt Earp.






42. The next most critical factor that impacts on PCR after race and ethnicity is ___.






43. In US v. __________ (1950) - the US Supreme Court ruled that a warrantless search upon a lawful arrest was permitted as long as it was reasonable given the circumstances.






44. J Edgar ______ - the Director of the FBI in the 1930s had a critical impact on local policing in setting educational and training models for officers - the development of the Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) and the establishment of the FBI crime lab.






45. The rights of the accused (and of prisoners) have been defined mostly through the _______________'s interpretation of the Bill of Rights.






46. When an appellate court is asked to review a judgment - they may ______ it - require the lower court to set it aside or modify it.






47. The spoils system refers to firing supporters of the opponent and replacing them with one's own supporters upon ________.






48. The office of coroner is considered a local law enforcement agency because they determine the cause of _____ of victims and perpetrators in criminal cases.






49. Officers may feel that the rules are there to catch them out and that the system mistrusts them. This may encourage officers to work at a deliberately _____ pace.






50. It is interesting to note that the city of Detroit is the only state in which blacks rate the police force more ______ than their white counterparts.