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DSST Introduction To Law Enforcement

Subjects : dsst, law-enforcement
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Community policing is widely implemented in the US today but critics are concerned that the police role of crime control has been hijacked - the police are increasingly getting involved at a political level and ________________ will lead to the loss






2. This was the ruling of the court. Many commentators were surprised but the court decided that although arrest for trivial offences (in this case a seat belt violation) may be embarrassing - it was not so extraordinary as to breach the ____ amendment






3. When the offender was apprehended by the posse - trials were rarely held and public __________ were held to dispense justice.






4. There are around _____ federal - state and local law enforcement agencies in the US.






5. Officers appointed to carry out investigative work are known as __________.






6. This is the term coined to describe this diagrammatic representation. It differentiates between ________ crimes such as murder and rape and property crime such as burglary and arson.






7. This is due to the dominance of the local political structure by ______ persons. Detroit has had a black mayor since 1973 and the police force is dominated by black persons. Thus - the black community can better relate with their local police






8. Domestic disturbances may be fuelled by alcohol and drug abuse - financial difficulties or many other reasons that are beyond the ________ of the officers.






9. Officers are allocated to specific shifts and patrol areas based on _________ or using a rotation system.






10. The spoils system refers to firing supporters of the opponent and replacing them with one's own supporters upon ________.






11. The Defendant was _________ arrested in his office - which consisted of a single room. The search was valid and reasonable given the circumstances of the arrest and small space of the area he was arrested in.






12. _________ policing took off in the 1980s and 1990s - with the realization that the police could not fight crime on their own.






13. Increasing ___________ and reducing competition between patrol officers and detectives as well as improving police-citizen relationships are 2 important methods of enhancing the quality of investigative work.






14. Officers are commonly offered bribes to let suspects go or to turn a blind eye to ________ activities.






15. Where offenders are not captured red-handed - an arrest _______ issued by an officer of the court is required to supply the legal foundation for the act of detention.






16. When an appellate court is asked to review a judgment - they may ______ it - require the lower court to set it aside or modify it.






17. This is the right granted under the Constitution but the Supreme Court has held that it can be exercised only for offences carrying a term of ______________ exceeding 6 months or where the extra penalties such as fines and community service are suffi






18. The majority of criminal cases do not go to trial but are instead settled via a plea _______.






19. The most organized and distinctly American officer force was the _____ patrol based in Charleston - South Carolina.






20. Some departments allow for bidding of new patrol areas once or twice _________.






21. Some legal experts believe that police discretion should be abolished because it is _______.






22. In US v. __________ (1950) - the US Supreme Court ruled that a warrantless search upon a lawful arrest was permitted as long as it was reasonable given the circumstances.






23. A concurrent sentence is one that is served at the __________ as another sentence.






24. In 1837 - the slave patrol consisted of about 100 officers and they were responsible for finding ________ slaves and ensuring that they were well-behaved.






25. This is the definition of bail. If the suspect fails to appear for the next court hearing - then the money or property pledged may be __________.






26. The ________ stage of SARA refers to the creation of strategies based on the analyzed data to deal with the problem whereas the assessment stage requires an evaluation of the effectiveness of the response.






27. Various studies have shown that these pursuits have between an 18% to 33% chance of resulting in an accident. As a consequence - many departments have a restrictive - discouraging or discretionary _______ regarding high-speed pursuits for officers to






28. Police training programs do suffer from ___________ - particularly as important areas such as domestic violence - ethics and police discretion - which are not usually covered






29. Domestic violence must be distinguished from a domestic ___________ in the sense that in the former a serious crime has been committed and so the officers can exercise their powers of arrest - if they choose to do so although research shows that offi






30. There are over _____ sheriff's departments in the US.






31. This was the bright-line rule (one that can ______ be crossed) that emerged from this case.






32. Plea bargains avoid an expensive court trial. Prosecutors may offer and defendants may accept a bargained plea to avoid the uncertainty of a jury trial. In many cases - the Defendant agrees to plead guilty to a lesser charge or for a ________ sentenc






33. The CIA has operations officers and recruits ________ agents as part of their intelligence activities and this may involve covert operations.






34. The NCVS Survey is a yearly study by the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) of specific households to determine the level of criminal _____________ - particularly unreported victimization - in the US.






35. Deterrence prevents crime through using an example or threat of ___________ to persuade the public against committing the crime.






36. Police subculture is determined by the potential of ______ and because of this they stereotype certain categories of persons - such as low-income males - as possible threats.






37. Wilson believed in the necessity to continue and encourage _____________________ within the police force. He was the chief of police in Wichita from 1928 to 1935 - the Dean of Criminology at the University of California from 1950 to 1960 and the supe






38. Research into police work and activities conducted between the 1950s and 1970s concluded that police-community relations were very ____ and officers regularly breached legal rules






39. In 2001 - the US Supreme Court held in Atwater v. Lago Vista that the 4th amendment did not ________ warrantless arrests for minor offenses.






40. A centralized state-level agency - which merges patrol with ______________ will usually assist in local criminal investigations when asked - patrol the state's highways - operate identification bureaus - manage criminal records and provide training t






41. Tensions between the police and racial minorities continue despite the many advances made since the 1960s; major complaints are still made regularly and these include use of excessive force and ______ profiling.






42. The ATF was previously an organization within the Department of the Treasury but since 24th January 2003 - their agency was transferred to the Department of _______.






43. The _________ Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS)is the term coined for this annual study.






44. By dealing with the underlying issues - for example mental health or financial service problems - then a solution may be found to get them off the street and back into a more ___________ existence.






45. One of the most controversial incidents in recent American police history occurred in ___________ in 1991 when officers subdued Rodney King using considerable force; resulting in 2 criminal trials and a riot that seriously damaged PCR for several yea






46. Some police departments may have a separate detective unit with further specialized units such as homicide and vice. ________ ones will have a single department to handle all cases or no department at all.






47. This is one of the reports produced by the FBI in its law _____________ role.






48. Since these crimes are usually not reported - in order to discover them - undercover work using devices such as _________ are utilized.






49. The FBI has the responsibility to investigate - analyze and neutralize any potential terrorist threats and to investigate and analyze terrorist __________ in the US.






50. When it comes to prostitution - low-level street-walking is usually tolerated so that the role of the police is normally ___________ and maintaining the peace.