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DSST Introduction To Law Enforcement

Subjects : dsst, law-enforcement
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. It is believed that the average citizen plays a vital part in the ________________ of officers.






2. The courts of general jurisdiction utilize a fact-finding foundation known as the ___________ process which pits the State's interest - as represented by the prosecution against the Defendant's - as represented by defense counsel.






3. The ________ rule was further emphasized in Edwards v. Arizona (1981) - when the court prohibited investigators from continuing questioning once the suspect has requested an attorney.






4. The first landmark case that forms the foundation of the exclusionary rule is the US Supreme court decision of _____ v US (1914).






5. One of the most controversial incidents in recent American police history occurred in ___________ in 1991 when officers subdued Rodney King using considerable force; resulting in 2 criminal trials and a riot that seriously damaged PCR for several yea






6. This has resulted in an under ________________ of blacks - women and ethnic minorities in the police force.






7. Organized law enforcement in Britain can be traced back to 1200 AD when identified law breakers were pursued by a _____ led by the shire reeve or mounted officer.






8. A warrant is a _____ issued by the court to justify the arrest of a suspect. It offers protection to the officer executing the warrant against damages; for example for wrongful arrest.






9. This is the term coined to describe this diagrammatic representation. It differentiates between ________ crimes such as murder and rape and property crime such as burglary and arson.






10. The public perception of the police is of a distant and alienated law enforcement unit. Through community policing - police-community relations should ________ as the public have a greater stake and say in their problems and needs.






11. There are over _____ sheriff's departments in the US.






12. A critical function that the police play in society is crime __________ and this role is primarily executed through routine patrolling.






13. This is the way criminal trials are conducted in the US and it is governed by strict rules of __________.






14. The rights of the accused (and of prisoners) have been defined mostly through the _______________'s interpretation of the Bill of Rights.






15. In dealing with federal criminal law enforcement - the duty of the FBI upon investigation is to gather evidence and perform personnel investigations - especially in major programs such as _________ crime and white-collar crime.






16. Research showed that patrol was of little deterrence and speedier response times did not increase the arrest rate nor assisted in the solving of crimes. Community policing is meant to create a _____________ between police and community to develop pro






17. They believe that _____-reporting provides more accurate information than police reports.






18. Able-bodied men who could hear the commotion caused by the victim were obliged to form a posse and join the shire reeve (term from which ________ is derived) or mounted officer in pursuit of the offender.






19. In the 1950s training for police officers consisted mainly of firearm skill development but over the years - classroom training has emphasized criminal __________.






20. When a 911 call comes in - the operator answers it - makes a decision whether to send out a patrol car and then informs the dispatcher who then communicates the details to the ______ officer.






21. When the offender was apprehended by the posse - trials were rarely held and public __________ were held to dispense justice.






22. Field training consists of practical on-the-job training with a __________ field training officer.






23. There is usually a degree of competition between detectives and _______ officers. The latter sometimes withhold information in the hope of beating detectives to solving a case.






24. The nature of police work also promotes deviant activities because officers are often offered ______ - they are regularly unsupervised and so think they can get away with it and fed on a diet of illegality may succumb to criminality too.






25. Ballistics is the scientific _________ of firearms - ammunition - projectiles - bombs and explosives.






26. The written policies method is called '________________ rule-making' and it is presently the most popular method of controlling discretion.






27. The police ___________ of secrecy - public hostility and solidarity meant they were very isolated from the community - especially the black community.






28. Training is one of the roles a ______-level enforcement agency usually engages in.






29. This was the bright-line rule (one that can ______ be crossed) that emerged from this case.






30. The majority of criminal cases do not go to trial but are instead settled via a plea _______.






31. There are around _____ federal - state and local law enforcement agencies in the US.






32. The 3 main approaches to controlling police discretion are removing it - improving the professional judgment of officers through better training and managing it through _______ policies.






33. The Defendant was _________ arrested in his office - which consisted of a single room. The search was valid and reasonable given the circumstances of the arrest and small space of the area he was arrested in.






34. This is widely recognized as a police role - though they do share the burden with other institutions such as schools and _____________.






35. It can be argued that __________ officers possess an additional skill and therefore the extra pay can be justified on those grounds.






36. The controversial 'broken window' theory made the connection between disorder - neighborhood decay and _____.






37. Criminalistics relies on __________ to analyze firearms and munitions as well as various forensic techniques to determine issues such as time of death.






38. Deterrence prevents crime through using an example or threat of ___________ to persuade the public against committing the crime.






39. Domestic violence must be distinguished from a domestic ___________ in the sense that in the former a serious crime has been committed and so the officers can exercise their powers of arrest - if they choose to do so although research shows that offi






40. In serious cases - this may be the outcome. However - hospital care for the mentally ill is very disjointed and it may be difficult to hospitalize a person without their ________. Also - these hospitals or shelters may refuse to admit these patients.






41. Racial profiling is the practice of stopping and or __________ a person not because of any suspected criminal activity but because of that person's race.






42. ____ did not become regulated officer equipment until the late 19th Century.






43. Since the 1980s - there have been some very public crackdowns on _____ driving but rates of this offence which creep down during the crackdown soon return to the original levels because the publicity forces a temporary change in behavior which is not






44. This was the ruling of the court. Many commentators were surprised but the court decided that although arrest for trivial offences (in this case a seat belt violation) may be embarrassing - it was not so extraordinary as to breach the ____ amendment






45. The CIA has operations officers and recruits ________ agents as part of their intelligence activities and this may involve covert operations.






46. Officers must file written _______ in certain circumstances when they exercise their discretion - for example when they fire their weapon and these reports must be reviewed by their superiors.






47. In this case - the Defendants were suspected of evading taxes but they refused to hand over their company books. An illegal search and seizure was performed and the books returned soon after - when the Defendant's lawyer objected. At the trial - the






48. Bail describes the circumstance when suspects are released from custody but on condition that money or property is offered as __________ against flight.






49. The Hispanic community is growing faster than expected and therefore police departments should take steps to hire more Hispanic officers through active recruitment processes and offering incentive ___ for bilingual officers.






50. Where offenders are not captured red-handed - an arrest _______ issued by an officer of the court is required to supply the legal foundation for the act of detention.