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DSST Introduction To Law Enforcement

Subjects : dsst, law-enforcement
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Deterrence prevents crime through using an example or threat of ___________ to persuade the public against committing the crime.






2. It is interesting to note that the city of Detroit is the only state in which blacks rate the police force more ______ than their white counterparts.






3. The spoils system refers to firing supporters of the opponent and replacing them with one's own supporters upon ________.






4. The role of the ___ is to investigate breaches of federal criminal law - to protect the country from foreign counterintelligence and terrorist activities and to provide law enforcement assistance to other agencies.






5. This is to ensure that ___________ with the administrative rules is maintained.






6. Another source of PCR tension is discriminatory employment practices of the ______ force.






7. The county level of government supplies citizens with police services - for example the county ________.






8. This has resulted in an under ________________ of blacks - women and ethnic minorities in the police force.






9. The role of the police academy is to provide formal training - root out ___________ recruits and immerse the trainees in the police subculture.






10. Since the 1980s - there have been some very public crackdowns on _____ driving but rates of this offence which creep down during the crackdown soon return to the original levels because the publicity forces a temporary change in behavior which is not






11. The 3 CIA directorates are the directorate of Intelligence - directorate of Operations and the directorate of Science and ___________.






12. The drawbacks of the administrative rule-making route are that they can never cover every conceivable situation; it may promote lying - avoidance - confusion and a negative ________ from officers.






13. This is training in relation to _____________ rules and was spurred by the decisions of the US Supreme Court in the 1960s.






14. A critical function that the police play in society is crime __________ and this role is primarily executed through routine patrolling.






15. In dealing with federal criminal law enforcement - the duty of the FBI upon investigation is to gather evidence and perform personnel investigations - especially in major programs such as _________ crime and white-collar crime.






16. This is the right granted under the Constitution but the Supreme Court has held that it can be exercised only for offences carrying a term of ______________ exceeding 6 months or where the extra penalties such as fines and community service are suffi






17. By dealing with the underlying issues - for example mental health or financial service problems - then a solution may be found to get them off the street and back into a more ___________ existence.






18. According to the doctrine of ______ patriae - the state has a duty to care for children who are neglected or delinquent - and to assume the role of parent if necessary.






19. ____ did not become regulated officer equipment until the late 19th Century.






20. When an appellate court is asked to review a judgment - they may ______ it - require the lower court to set it aside or modify it.






21. Bail describes the circumstance when suspects are released from custody but on condition that money or property is offered as __________ against flight.






22. This was the bright-line rule (one that can ______ be crossed) that emerged from this case.






23. This is the problem of case __________. Research has shown that only about half of felony arrests result in convictions. The question is whether this is due to poor police work or some other reason.






24. This is widely recognized as a police role - though they do share the burden with other institutions such as schools and _____________.






25. There was no __________ form of criminal justice law in those days. Guilt was assumed; the execution carried out and accepted by all as an act of retribution.






26. These experts contend that officers do not have the authority to subvert the criminal law. Some states have criminalized the failure of criminal justice officials who turn a ______ eye to enforcement.






27. Domestic disturbances are a common order maintenance issue handled by the police but officers generally find them frustrating to handle because there is little that they can do about the _____ of the problem.






28. In 2001 - the US Supreme Court held in Atwater v. Lago Vista that the 4th amendment did not ________ warrantless arrests for minor offenses.






29. The first ___ amendments of the Constitution are commonly called the Bill of Rights and offer the individual considerable protection in the criminal justice system.






30. Where offenders are not captured red-handed - an arrest _______ issued by an officer of the court is required to supply the legal foundation for the act of detention.






31. The rights of the accused (and of prisoners) have been defined mostly through the _______________'s interpretation of the Bill of Rights.






32. In US v. Irizarry (1982) - the US Supreme Court held that evidence found above a ceiling panel that was out of place was _______ the scope of the plain-view doctrine






33. The 3 main approaches to controlling police discretion are removing it - improving the professional judgment of officers through better training and managing it through _______ policies.






34. The evidence had to be plainly in sight and even though the officers may have concluded that some items may have been located behind the ceiling panel; it was not in plain view and hence was ______________ as evidence. Furthermore - the officers are






35. The exclusionary rule was modified by the __________ exception in the US Supreme Court decision of US v. Leon (1984).






36. Increasing ___________ and reducing competition between patrol officers and detectives as well as improving police-citizen relationships are 2 important methods of enhancing the quality of investigative work.






37. The professionalization movement started by Vollmer was nurtured by his prot






38. The Defendant was _________ arrested in his office - which consisted of a single room. The search was valid and reasonable given the circumstances of the arrest and small space of the area he was arrested in.






39. The number of homeless people in the US has spiraled upwards in the last 2 decades so that the function of the police in dealing with them is shifting from one of containment and peacekeeping to the delivery of proactive strategies to deal with the _






40. August Vollmer believed that policing standards needed to be improved and corruption stamped out. He advocated training and __________ for officers.






41. The office of coroner is considered a local law enforcement agency because they determine the cause of _____ of victims and perpetrators in criminal cases.






42. Domestic violence must be distinguished from a domestic ___________ in the sense that in the former a serious crime has been committed and so the officers can exercise their powers of arrest - if they choose to do so although research shows that offi






43. Officers at the academy undergo _________ training and most academies also offer field training.






44. There are over _____ sheriff's departments in the US.






45. In 1837 - the slave patrol consisted of about 100 officers and they were responsible for finding ________ slaves and ensuring that they were well-behaved.






46. This was the only way they could ________ themselves and their property from the bandits. They did try to apply the accepted standards of decency of the day to their actions.






47. The 3 purposes of patrol are to deter crime - increase feelings of public ________ and prepare officers for service through effective dispersal in the neighborhood.






48. Research showed that patrol was of little deterrence and speedier response times did not increase the arrest rate nor assisted in the solving of crimes. Community policing is meant to create a _____________ between police and community to develop pro






49. Campus police is probably the most important example of the special district police force. The also participate in the ____ program.






50. They believe that _____-reporting provides more accurate information than police reports.