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DSST Introduction To Law Enforcement

Subjects : dsst, law-enforcement
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The majority of criminal cases do not go to trial but are instead settled via a plea _______.






2. The Defendant was _________ arrested in his office - which consisted of a single room. The search was valid and reasonable given the circumstances of the arrest and small space of the area he was arrested in.






3. Patrol is meant to reassure citizens that their environment is _____ and protected from crime.






4. The first landmark case that forms the foundation of the exclusionary rule is the US Supreme court decision of _____ v US (1914).






5. The next most critical factor that impacts on PCR after race and ethnicity is ___.






6. When considering detective productivity and _____________ - more important than the number of arrests is the quality of those arrests.






7. The NCVS Survey is a yearly study by the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) of specific households to determine the level of criminal _____________ - particularly unreported victimization - in the US.






8. When an appellate court is asked to review a judgment - they may ______ it - require the lower court to set it aside or modify it.






9. This means that the court releases the suspect into their own custody or into the care of another. This occurs where the suspect poses a low flight risk and is not __________ to the community.






10. This is because patrol consists of the majority of police work and this is ________ through the police communications network - which is triggered by 911 calls.






11. Upon conviction - the defendant is punished through a sentence passed by the judge and if convicted of more than one crime - then may be subject to a ___________ or concurrent sentence.






12. Police subculture is determined by the potential of ______ and because of this they stereotype certain categories of persons - such as low-income males - as possible threats.






13. Officers may feel that the rules are there to catch them out and that the system mistrusts them. This may encourage officers to work at a deliberately _____ pace.






14. Field training consists of practical on-the-job training with a __________ field training officer.






15. The 1980s and 1990s saw the creation of _______ oversight of police groups to monitor or investigate complaints by individuals against police actions.






16. By dealing with the underlying issues - for example mental health or financial service problems - then a solution may be found to get them off the street and back into a more ___________ existence.






17. Citizen ______ and vigilante groups were the main means of policing the frontier and well-known figures who took up this challenge in the 19th Century include Wild Bill Hickok and Wyatt Earp.






18. The rise of police professionalism and reform was spearheaded by August _______ who served as the chief of police in Berkeley - California from 1905 to 1932.






19. Since these crimes are usually not reported - in order to discover them - undercover work using devices such as _________ are utilized.






20. Research into police work and activities conducted between the 1950s and 1970s concluded that police-community relations were very ____ and officers regularly breached legal rules






21. Officers must file written _______ in certain circumstances when they exercise their discretion - for example when they fire their weapon and these reports must be reviewed by their superiors.






22. Some legal experts believe that police discretion should be abolished because it is _______.






23. This is due to the dominance of the local political structure by ______ persons. Detroit has had a black mayor since 1973 and the police force is dominated by black persons. Thus - the black community can better relate with their local police






24. This has resulted in an under ________________ of blacks - women and ethnic minorities in the police force.






25. Deterrence prevents crime through using an example or threat of ___________ to persuade the public against committing the crime.






26. The Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) is an annualized report published by the ___ that states the statistical rate of reported crime in the US based on data from police reports.






27. Parens patriae is Latin for 'the ______ as parent'.






28. The role of the police academy is to provide formal training - root out ___________ recruits and immerse the trainees in the police subculture.






29. In serious cases - this may be the outcome. However - hospital care for the mentally ill is very disjointed and it may be difficult to hospitalize a person without their ________. Also - these hospitals or shelters may refuse to admit these patients.






30. The Supreme Court created a good faith exception to the exclusionary rule when police officers use search warrants (US v. ____ - 1984).






31. Public concern led to the start of the crackdown and this is viewed as an important police role but it is very difficult to spot the minority of drunk drivers amongst those who are ______.






32. This is the definition of bail. If the suspect fails to appear for the next court hearing - then the money or property pledged may be __________.






33. The police receive a sizeable number of calls about ________ ill persons and in exercising their discretion these matters are normally dealt with through arrest - hospitalization or informal disposition.






34. In US v. __________ (1950) - the US Supreme Court ruled that a warrantless search upon a lawful arrest was permitted as long as it was reasonable given the circumstances.






35. Their perception of the amount of danger faced in their jobs results in the development of constant __________ of people






36. Between the data in the UCR and NCVS - most experts tend to prefer the ____.






37. According to the doctrine of ______ patriae - the state has a duty to care for children who are neglected or delinquent - and to assume the role of parent if necessary.






38. In the 1950s training for police officers consisted mainly of firearm skill development but over the years - classroom training has emphasized criminal __________.






39. Apart from reducing crime - the mission of community policing is to _______ the trend of the negative public perception of the police






40. The Hispanic community is growing faster than expected and therefore police departments should take steps to hire more Hispanic officers through active recruitment processes and offering incentive ___ for bilingual officers.






41. This is the way criminal trials are conducted in the US and it is governed by strict rules of __________.






42. The exclusionary rule was modified by the __________ exception in the US Supreme Court decision of US v. Leon (1984).






43. Under the ___ system - if last night Jim killed John - then set fire to a car and robbed an old lady - these multiple crimes would be recorded as a single incident.






44. Criminalistics relies on __________ to analyze firearms and munitions as well as various forensic techniques to determine issues such as time of death.






45. The spoils system is greatly reduced in modern politics - though not entirely eliminated. Most ________ workers do not have to be concerned about losing their jobs when a new party takes office.






46. Research showed that patrol was of little deterrence and speedier response times did not increase the arrest rate nor assisted in the solving of crimes. Community policing is meant to create a _____________ between police and community to develop pro






47. It can be argued that __________ officers possess an additional skill and therefore the extra pay can be justified on those grounds.






48. Officers have very broad discretion - yet this subject is _______ taught or sufficiently taught to better aid the officers in making an appropriate decision.






49. The _________ Act passed by Congress in 1883 put an end to Andrew Jackson's 'spoils system -' and created a system of hiring government employees based on their qualifications.






50. Another word for uphold is _________. This is the result for most appellate court decisions whereby they confirm the decision of the lower court.







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