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DSST Introduction To Law Enforcement

Subjects : dsst, law-enforcement
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Tensions between the police and racial minorities continue despite the many advances made since the 1960s; major complaints are still made regularly and these include use of excessive force and ______ profiling.






2. Law enforcement in the US is extremely large and ___________ and hence this many agencies currently exist.






3. There is no _________ method of centralized policing in the US as police services are provided by the 4 levels of government which are the city - county - state and federal levels.






4. The public perception of the police is of a distant and alienated law enforcement unit. Through community policing - police-community relations should ________ as the public have a greater stake and say in their problems and needs.






5. Able-bodied men who could hear the commotion caused by the victim were obliged to form a posse and join the shire reeve (term from which ________ is derived) or mounted officer in pursuit of the offender.






6. There is usually a degree of competition between detectives and _______ officers. The latter sometimes withhold information in the hope of beating detectives to solving a case.






7. Officers must file written _______ in certain circumstances when they exercise their discretion - for example when they fire their weapon and these reports must be reviewed by their superiors.






8. This may also be called '________ officer.' The investigative nature of their jobs has resulted in their classification as a local law enforcement agency.






9. This is training in relation to _____________ rules and was spurred by the decisions of the US Supreme Court in the 1960s.






10. _________ policing took off in the 1980s and 1990s - with the realization that the police could not fight crime on their own.






11. In 1837 - the slave patrol consisted of about 100 officers and they were responsible for finding ________ slaves and ensuring that they were well-behaved.






12. The first ___ amendments of the Constitution are commonly called the Bill of Rights and offer the individual considerable protection in the criminal justice system.






13. Increasing ___________ and reducing competition between patrol officers and detectives as well as improving police-citizen relationships are 2 important methods of enhancing the quality of investigative work.






14. Wilson believed in the necessity to continue and encourage _____________________ within the police force. He was the chief of police in Wichita from 1928 to 1935 - the Dean of Criminology at the University of California from 1950 to 1960 and the supe






15. The evidence had to be plainly in sight and even though the officers may have concluded that some items may have been located behind the ceiling panel; it was not in plain view and hence was ______________ as evidence. Furthermore - the officers are






16. Upon conviction - the defendant is punished through a sentence passed by the judge and if convicted of more than one crime - then may be subject to a ___________ or concurrent sentence.






17. In this case - the Defendants were suspected of evading taxes but they refused to hand over their company books. An illegal search and seizure was performed and the books returned soon after - when the Defendant's lawyer objected. At the trial - the






18. In US v. Irizarry (1982) - the US Supreme Court held that evidence found above a ceiling panel that was out of place was _______ the scope of the plain-view doctrine






19. Domestic violence must be distinguished from a domestic ___________ in the sense that in the former a serious crime has been committed and so the officers can exercise their powers of arrest - if they choose to do so although research shows that offi






20. Some legal experts believe that police discretion should be abolished because it is _______.






21. The rights of the accused (and of prisoners) have been defined mostly through the _______________'s interpretation of the Bill of Rights.






22. This is widely recognized as a police role - though they do share the burden with other institutions such as schools and _____________.






23. The UCR has a hierarchy rule whereby multiple types of incidents can only be recorded as 1 incident. This is a _________ of the system.






24. Officers are allocated to specific shifts and patrol areas based on _________ or using a rotation system.






25. Research into police work and activities conducted between the 1950s and 1970s concluded that police-community relations were very ____ and officers regularly breached legal rules






26. This describes the Pendleton Act. This was a big step in the government becoming the huge _____________ it is today.






27. The office of coroner is considered a local law enforcement agency because they determine the cause of _____ of victims and perpetrators in criminal cases.






28. According to the doctrine of ______ patriae - the state has a duty to care for children who are neglected or delinquent - and to assume the role of parent if necessary.






29. The NCVS Survey is a yearly study by the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) of specific households to determine the level of criminal _____________ - particularly unreported victimization - in the US.






30. Parens patriae is Latin for 'the ______ as parent'.






31. Research has revealed that in about 80% of such situations - no formal action - such as _______ was necessary.






32. This is due to the dominance of the local political structure by ______ persons. Detroit has had a black mayor since 1973 and the police force is dominated by black persons. Thus - the black community can better relate with their local police






33. The CIA also engages in ______ operations sanctioned by the President as part of their role in ensuring national security.






34. This was the ruling of the court. Many commentators were surprised but the court decided that although arrest for trivial offences (in this case a seat belt violation) may be embarrassing - it was not so extraordinary as to breach the ____ amendment






35. The Hispanic community is growing faster than expected and therefore police departments should take steps to hire more Hispanic officers through active recruitment processes and offering incentive ___ for bilingual officers.






36. This is the right granted under the Constitution but the Supreme Court has held that it can be exercised only for offences carrying a term of ______________ exceeding 6 months or where the extra penalties such as fines and community service are suffi






37. The written policies method is called '________________ rule-making' and it is presently the most popular method of controlling discretion.






38. Police training programs do suffer from ___________ - particularly as important areas such as domestic violence - ethics and police discretion - which are not usually covered






39. Affirmative action is mandated by a Presidential _________ Order in 1965 - so that all private employers and government agencies who receive federal monies have to develop written affirmative action plans.






40. Bail describes the circumstance when suspects are released from custody but on condition that money or property is offered as __________ against flight.






41. This occurs where criminal and non-criminal actions are used by an officer in the course of his/her working activities or committed when pretending it is within his/her ___________ police authority. An example is sleeping on the job or a racial slur






42. Wilson and Kelling believed that the broken window symbolized a deteriorating neighborhood and not repaired led to the eventual decline of an area - thereby encouraging criminal _________.






43. The Defendant was _________ arrested in his office - which consisted of a single room. The search was valid and reasonable given the circumstances of the arrest and small space of the area he was arrested in.






44. Another word for uphold is _________. This is the result for most appellate court decisions whereby they confirm the decision of the lower court.






45. The 3 CIA directorates are the directorate of Intelligence - directorate of Operations and the directorate of Science and ___________.






46. This is one of the reports produced by the FBI in its law _____________ role.






47. The professionalization movement started by Vollmer was nurtured by his prot






48. Criminalistics relies on __________ to analyze firearms and munitions as well as various forensic techniques to determine issues such as time of death.






49. In serious cases - this may be the outcome. However - hospital care for the mentally ill is very disjointed and it may be difficult to hospitalize a person without their ________. Also - these hospitals or shelters may refuse to admit these patients.






50. The CIA is divided into 3 ____________ and 5 mission support offices (MSOs).