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DSST Introduction To Law Enforcement

Subjects : dsst, law-enforcement
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Citizen ______ and vigilante groups were the main means of policing the frontier and well-known figures who took up this challenge in the 19th Century include Wild Bill Hickok and Wyatt Earp.






2. This is the venue for police training and the value of training has experienced a dramatic _________ in status since its inception.






3. This may also be called '________ officer.' The investigative nature of their jobs has resulted in their classification as a local law enforcement agency.






4. The written policies method is called '________________ rule-making' and it is presently the most popular method of controlling discretion.






5. In US v. Irizarry (1982) - the US Supreme Court held that evidence found above a ceiling panel that was out of place was _______ the scope of the plain-view doctrine






6. Ballistics is the scientific _________ of firearms - ammunition - projectiles - bombs and explosives.






7. The controversial 'broken window' theory made the connection between disorder - neighborhood decay and _____.






8. Due to an increase in _________ and disorder by citizens - officers turned to weaponry to protect themselves.






9. Research has revealed that in about 80% of such situations - no formal action - such as _______ was necessary.






10. This was the step taken in 1965 to remedy _________ discrimination.






11. Community policing is widely implemented in the US today but critics are concerned that the police role of crime control has been hijacked - the police are increasingly getting involved at a political level and ________________ will lead to the loss






12. This is widely recognized as a police role - though they do share the burden with other institutions such as schools and _____________.






13. The Defendant was _________ arrested in his office - which consisted of a single room. The search was valid and reasonable given the circumstances of the arrest and small space of the area he was arrested in.






14. The ________ rule was further emphasized in Edwards v. Arizona (1981) - when the court prohibited investigators from continuing questioning once the suspect has requested an attorney.






15. Incapacitation refers to the act of confinement so that the offender is restrained from committing the crime again whereas the deterrence has the overall aim of crime __________.






16. The ATF was previously an organization within the Department of the Treasury but since 24th January 2003 - their agency was transferred to the Department of _______.






17. There was no __________ form of criminal justice law in those days. Guilt was assumed; the execution carried out and accepted by all as an act of retribution.






18. The spoils system is greatly reduced in modern politics - though not entirely eliminated. Most ________ workers do not have to be concerned about losing their jobs when a new party takes office.






19. The Supreme Court created a good faith exception to the exclusionary rule when police officers use search warrants (US v. ____ - 1984).






20. Decentralization means reduced _____________ of rank and file officers who have greater discretion in making decisions.






21. In US v. __________ (1950) - the US Supreme Court ruled that a warrantless search upon a lawful arrest was permitted as long as it was reasonable given the circumstances.






22. Since these crimes are usually not reported - in order to discover them - undercover work using devices such as _________ are utilized.






23. Campus police are a type of _______ district police force - and many of these larger forces have been state certified as law enforcement agencies with general arrest powers.






24. A critical function that the police play in society is crime __________ and this role is primarily executed through routine patrolling.






25. The ________ stage of SARA refers to the creation of strategies based on the analyzed data to deal with the problem whereas the assessment stage requires an evaluation of the effectiveness of the response.






26. This is the term coined to describe this diagrammatic representation. It differentiates between ________ crimes such as murder and rape and property crime such as burglary and arson.






27. When a 911 call comes in - the operator answers it - makes a decision whether to send out a patrol car and then informs the dispatcher who then communicates the details to the ______ officer.






28. The role of the police academy is to provide formal training - root out ___________ recruits and immerse the trainees in the police subculture.






29. This was the only way they could ________ themselves and their property from the bandits. They did try to apply the accepted standards of decency of the day to their actions.






30. This was the bright-line rule (one that can ______ be crossed) that emerged from this case.






31. Some departments allow for bidding of new patrol areas once or twice _________.






32. One of the major problems facing patrol officers is high-speed pursuits is a high ________ rate.






33. Research showed that patrol was of little deterrence and speedier response times did not increase the arrest rate nor assisted in the solving of crimes. Community policing is meant to create a _____________ between police and community to develop pro






34. The evidence had to be plainly in sight and even though the officers may have concluded that some items may have been located behind the ceiling panel; it was not in plain view and hence was ______________ as evidence. Furthermore - the officers are






35. In serious cases - this may be the outcome. However - hospital care for the mentally ill is very disjointed and it may be difficult to hospitalize a person without their ________. Also - these hospitals or shelters may refuse to admit these patients.






36. Officers are commonly offered bribes to let suspects go or to turn a blind eye to ________ activities.






37. In dealing with federal criminal law enforcement - the duty of the FBI upon investigation is to gather evidence and perform personnel investigations - especially in major programs such as _________ crime and white-collar crime.






38. Domestic violence must be distinguished from a domestic ___________ in the sense that in the former a serious crime has been committed and so the officers can exercise their powers of arrest - if they choose to do so although research shows that offi






39. Prospective police officers are trained at police _________ - with the average pre-service training program lasting about 1000 hours.






40. It can be argued that __________ officers possess an additional skill and therefore the extra pay can be justified on those grounds.






41. J Edgar ______ - the Director of the FBI in the 1930s had a critical impact on local policing in setting educational and training models for officers - the development of the Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) and the establishment of the FBI crime lab.






42. The exclusionary rule was extended by the US Supreme Court in the case of Silverthorne Lumber Co. v. US (1920) - which held that ______ of illegally seized evidence were inadmissible in court.






43. Between the data in the UCR and NCVS - most experts tend to prefer the ____.






44. This occurs where criminal and non-criminal actions are used by an officer in the course of his/her working activities or committed when pretending it is within his/her ___________ police authority. An example is sleeping on the job or a racial slur






45. The _________ Act passed by Congress in 1883 put an end to Andrew Jackson's 'spoils system -' and created a system of hiring government employees based on their qualifications.






46. This is the definition of bail. If the suspect fails to appear for the next court hearing - then the money or property pledged may be __________.






47. There is usually a degree of competition between detectives and _______ officers. The latter sometimes withhold information in the hope of beating detectives to solving a case.






48. The most organized and distinctly American officer force was the _____ patrol based in Charleston - South Carolina.






49. The drawbacks of the administrative rule-making route are that they can never cover every conceivable situation; it may promote lying - avoidance - confusion and a negative ________ from officers.






50. This is the problem of case __________. Research has shown that only about half of felony arrests result in convictions. The question is whether this is due to poor police work or some other reason.