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DSST Introduction To Law Enforcement

Subjects : dsst, law-enforcement
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The first ___ amendments of the Constitution are commonly called the Bill of Rights and offer the individual considerable protection in the criminal justice system.






2. Police subculture is determined by the potential of ______ and because of this they stereotype certain categories of persons - such as low-income males - as possible threats.






3. These experts contend that officers do not have the authority to subvert the criminal law. Some states have criminalized the failure of criminal justice officials who turn a ______ eye to enforcement.






4. The first landmark case that forms the foundation of the exclusionary rule is the US Supreme court decision of _____ v US (1914).






5. The public perception of the police is of a distant and alienated law enforcement unit. Through community policing - police-community relations should ________ as the public have a greater stake and say in their problems and needs.






6. Ballistics is the scientific _________ of firearms - ammunition - projectiles - bombs and explosives.






7. Criminalistics relies on __________ to analyze firearms and munitions as well as various forensic techniques to determine issues such as time of death.






8. The rights of the accused (and of prisoners) have been defined mostly through the _______________'s interpretation of the Bill of Rights.






9. This is one of the main functions of the police academy and ensures that unsuitable recruits do not make it as officers. About 10% of recruits do not _________ from the academy.






10. Domestic violence must be distinguished from a domestic ___________ in the sense that in the former a serious crime has been committed and so the officers can exercise their powers of arrest - if they choose to do so although research shows that offi






11. When it comes to prostitution - low-level street-walking is usually tolerated so that the role of the police is normally ___________ and maintaining the peace.






12. In dealing with federal criminal law enforcement - the duty of the FBI upon investigation is to gather evidence and perform personnel investigations - especially in major programs such as _________ crime and white-collar crime.






13. The drawbacks of the administrative rule-making route are that they can never cover every conceivable situation; it may promote lying - avoidance - confusion and a negative ________ from officers.






14. According to the doctrine of ______ patriae - the state has a duty to care for children who are neglected or delinquent - and to assume the role of parent if necessary.






15. Some legal experts believe that police discretion should be abolished because it is _______.






16. The UCR statistics are used to create the FBI Crime Clock which creates a picture of crime _________ in the US.






17. Patrol is meant to reassure citizens that their environment is _____ and protected from crime.






18. The professionalization movement started by Vollmer was nurtured by his prot






19. A centralized state-level agency - which merges patrol with ______________ will usually assist in local criminal investigations when asked - patrol the state's highways - operate identification bureaus - manage criminal records and provide training t






20. Plea bargains avoid an expensive court trial. Prosecutors may offer and defendants may accept a bargained plea to avoid the uncertainty of a jury trial. In many cases - the Defendant agrees to plead guilty to a lesser charge or for a ________ sentenc






21. Under the 6th Amendment to the Constitution - every defendant has the right to a ____ trial.






22. The _________ Act passed by Congress in 1883 put an end to Andrew Jackson's 'spoils system -' and created a system of hiring government employees based on their qualifications.






23. Their perception of the amount of danger faced in their jobs results in the development of constant __________ of people






24. This is due to the dominance of the local political structure by ______ persons. Detroit has had a black mayor since 1973 and the police force is dominated by black persons. Thus - the black community can better relate with their local police






25. There are over _____ sheriff's departments in the US.






26. Upon conviction - the defendant is punished through a sentence passed by the judge and if convicted of more than one crime - then may be subject to a ___________ or concurrent sentence.






27. Research showed that patrol was of little deterrence and speedier response times did not increase the arrest rate nor assisted in the solving of crimes. Community policing is meant to create a _____________ between police and community to develop pro






28. Prospective police officers are trained at police _________ - with the average pre-service training program lasting about 1000 hours.






29. The Hispanic community is growing faster than expected and therefore police departments should take steps to hire more Hispanic officers through active recruitment processes and offering incentive ___ for bilingual officers.






30. The Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) is an annualized report published by the ___ that states the statistical rate of reported crime in the US based on data from police reports.






31. This was the only way they could ________ themselves and their property from the bandits. They did try to apply the accepted standards of decency of the day to their actions.






32. The _________ Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS)is the term coined for this annual study.






33. This is widely recognized as a police role - though they do share the burden with other institutions such as schools and _____________.






34. The 3 main approaches to controlling police discretion are removing it - improving the professional judgment of officers through better training and managing it through _______ policies.






35. This was the ruling of the court. Many commentators were surprised but the court decided that although arrest for trivial offences (in this case a seat belt violation) may be embarrassing - it was not so extraordinary as to breach the ____ amendment






36. The Defendant was _________ arrested in his office - which consisted of a single room. The search was valid and reasonable given the circumstances of the arrest and small space of the area he was arrested in.






37. Public concern led to the start of the crackdown and this is viewed as an important police role but it is very difficult to spot the minority of drunk drivers amongst those who are ______.






38. Officers appointed to carry out investigative work are known as __________.






39. This is the definition of bail. If the suspect fails to appear for the next court hearing - then the money or property pledged may be __________.






40. Generally - surveys have revealed that ________ people tend to be more dissatisfied with the police than older persons. Some youths seem to believe that the police target them simply because they are young and think that all teenagers are up to no go






41. In US v. __________ (1950) - the US Supreme Court ruled that a warrantless search upon a lawful arrest was permitted as long as it was reasonable given the circumstances.






42. The ________ stage of SARA refers to the creation of strategies based on the analyzed data to deal with the problem whereas the assessment stage requires an evaluation of the effectiveness of the response.






43. Incapacitation refers to the act of confinement so that the offender is restrained from committing the crime again whereas the deterrence has the overall aim of crime __________.






44. There was no __________ form of criminal justice law in those days. Guilt was assumed; the execution carried out and accepted by all as an act of retribution.






45. The CIA has operations officers and recruits ________ agents as part of their intelligence activities and this may involve covert operations.






46. Officers have very broad discretion - yet this subject is _______ taught or sufficiently taught to better aid the officers in making an appropriate decision.






47. Community policing is widely implemented in the US today but critics are concerned that the police role of crime control has been hijacked - the police are increasingly getting involved at a political level and ________________ will lead to the loss






48. In US v. Irizarry (1982) - the US Supreme Court held that evidence found above a ceiling panel that was out of place was _______ the scope of the plain-view doctrine






49. In this case - the police applied for and obtained a search warrant from a magistrate for the Defendant's homes. Drugs were found there and the Defendant convicted. He appealed on the grounds that the original affidavit drawn up to obtain the search






50. Domestic disturbances are a common order maintenance issue handled by the police but officers generally find them frustrating to handle because there is little that they can do about the _____ of the problem.