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DSST Introduction To Law Enforcement

Subjects : dsst, law-enforcement
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Since these crimes are usually not reported - in order to discover them - undercover work using devices such as _________ are utilized.






2. Ballistics is the scientific _________ of firearms - ammunition - projectiles - bombs and explosives.






3. Bail describes the circumstance when suspects are released from custody but on condition that money or property is offered as __________ against flight.






4. The next most critical factor that impacts on PCR after race and ethnicity is ___.






5. When it comes to prostitution - low-level street-walking is usually tolerated so that the role of the police is normally ___________ and maintaining the peace.






6. Law enforcement in the US is extremely large and ___________ and hence this many agencies currently exist.






7. The office of coroner is considered a local law enforcement agency because they determine the cause of _____ of victims and perpetrators in criminal cases.






8. The role of the ___ is to investigate breaches of federal criminal law - to protect the country from foreign counterintelligence and terrorist activities and to provide law enforcement assistance to other agencies.






9. The Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) is an annualized report published by the ___ that states the statistical rate of reported crime in the US based on data from police reports.






10. Under the 6th Amendment to the Constitution - every defendant has the right to a ____ trial.






11. The controversial 'broken window' theory made the connection between disorder - neighborhood decay and _____.






12. Organized law enforcement in Britain can be traced back to 1200 AD when identified law breakers were pursued by a _____ led by the shire reeve or mounted officer.






13. This describes the Pendleton Act. This was a big step in the government becoming the huge _____________ it is today.






14. This is due to the dominance of the local political structure by ______ persons. Detroit has had a black mayor since 1973 and the police force is dominated by black persons. Thus - the black community can better relate with their local police






15. This is the right granted under the Constitution but the Supreme Court has held that it can be exercised only for offences carrying a term of ______________ exceeding 6 months or where the extra penalties such as fines and community service are suffi






16. By dealing with the underlying issues - for example mental health or financial service problems - then a solution may be found to get them off the street and back into a more ___________ existence.






17. Able-bodied men who could hear the commotion caused by the victim were obliged to form a posse and join the shire reeve (term from which ________ is derived) or mounted officer in pursuit of the offender.






18. The nature of police work also promotes deviant activities because officers are often offered ______ - they are regularly unsupervised and so think they can get away with it and fed on a diet of illegality may succumb to criminality too.






19. This is the definition of bail. If the suspect fails to appear for the next court hearing - then the money or property pledged may be __________.






20. In dealing with federal criminal law enforcement - the duty of the FBI upon investigation is to gather evidence and perform personnel investigations - especially in major programs such as _________ crime and white-collar crime.






21. Field training consists of practical on-the-job training with a __________ field training officer.






22. Community policing is widely implemented in the US today but critics are concerned that the police role of crime control has been hijacked - the police are increasingly getting involved at a political level and ________________ will lead to the loss






23. The majority of criminal cases do not go to trial but are instead settled via a plea _______.






24. It can be argued that __________ officers possess an additional skill and therefore the extra pay can be justified on those grounds.






25. Officers at the academy undergo _________ training and most academies also offer field training.






26. Some police departments may have a separate detective unit with further specialized units such as homicide and vice. ________ ones will have a single department to handle all cases or no department at all.






27. Under the ___ system - if last night Jim killed John - then set fire to a car and robbed an old lady - these multiple crimes would be recorded as a single incident.






28. Where offenders are not captured red-handed - an arrest _______ issued by an officer of the court is required to supply the legal foundation for the act of detention.






29. Prospective police officers are trained at police _________ - with the average pre-service training program lasting about 1000 hours.






30. A critical function that the police play in society is crime __________ and this role is primarily executed through routine patrolling.






31. Increasing ___________ and reducing competition between patrol officers and detectives as well as improving police-citizen relationships are 2 important methods of enhancing the quality of investigative work.






32. The Supreme Court created a good faith exception to the exclusionary rule when police officers use search warrants (US v. ____ - 1984).






33. Another word for uphold is _________. This is the result for most appellate court decisions whereby they confirm the decision of the lower court.






34. The ________ stage of SARA refers to the creation of strategies based on the analyzed data to deal with the problem whereas the assessment stage requires an evaluation of the effectiveness of the response.






35. One of the most controversial incidents in recent American police history occurred in ___________ in 1991 when officers subdued Rodney King using considerable force; resulting in 2 criminal trials and a riot that seriously damaged PCR for several yea






36. The local police cover a wide range of law enforcement agencies such as the municipal police - sheriff's departments - campus and _______ police.






37. The UCR has a hierarchy rule whereby multiple types of incidents can only be recorded as 1 incident. This is a _________ of the system.






38. It is believed that the average citizen plays a vital part in the ________________ of officers.






39. J Edgar ______ - the Director of the FBI in the 1930s had a critical impact on local policing in setting educational and training models for officers - the development of the Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) and the establishment of the FBI crime lab.






40. In order to police __________ crimes - officers generally have to resort to undercover work.






41. The ________ rule was further emphasized in Edwards v. Arizona (1981) - when the court prohibited investigators from continuing questioning once the suspect has requested an attorney.






42. Affirmative action is mandated by a Presidential _________ Order in 1965 - so that all private employers and government agencies who receive federal monies have to develop written affirmative action plans.






43. In this case - the Defendants were suspected of evading taxes but they refused to hand over their company books. An illegal search and seizure was performed and the books returned soon after - when the Defendant's lawyer objected. At the trial - the






44. Research has revealed that in about 80% of such situations - no formal action - such as _______ was necessary.






45. Generally - surveys have revealed that ________ people tend to be more dissatisfied with the police than older persons. Some youths seem to believe that the police target them simply because they are young and think that all teenagers are up to no go






46. In US v. Irizarry (1982) - the US Supreme Court held that evidence found above a ceiling panel that was out of place was _______ the scope of the plain-view doctrine






47. Some legal experts believe that police discretion should be abolished because it is _______.






48. The courts of general jurisdiction utilize a fact-finding foundation known as the ___________ process which pits the State's interest - as represented by the prosecution against the Defendant's - as represented by defense counsel.






49. The exclusionary rule relates to illegally seized evidence. In this case - the police searched and seized personal effects as well as incriminating evidence from the Defendant's house without a warrant. On the basis of this evidence - the Defendant w






50. Incapacitation refers to the act of confinement so that the offender is restrained from committing the crime again whereas the deterrence has the overall aim of crime __________.