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DSST Introduction To Law Enforcement

Subjects : dsst, law-enforcement
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Apart from police corruption - another form of police deviance is ____________ deviance.






2. One of the major problems facing patrol officers is high-speed pursuits is a high ________ rate.






3. These experts contend that officers do not have the authority to subvert the criminal law. Some states have criminalized the failure of criminal justice officials who turn a ______ eye to enforcement.






4. Police subculture is determined by the potential of ______ and because of this they stereotype certain categories of persons - such as low-income males - as possible threats.






5. Tensions between the police and racial minorities continue despite the many advances made since the 1960s; major complaints are still made regularly and these include use of excessive force and ______ profiling.






6. Officers appointed to carry out investigative work are known as __________.






7. This occurs where criminal and non-criminal actions are used by an officer in the course of his/her working activities or committed when pretending it is within his/her ___________ police authority. An example is sleeping on the job or a racial slur






8. The ________ stage of SARA refers to the creation of strategies based on the analyzed data to deal with the problem whereas the assessment stage requires an evaluation of the effectiveness of the response.






9. The 3 main approaches to controlling police discretion are removing it - improving the professional judgment of officers through better training and managing it through _______ policies.






10. Between the data in the UCR and NCVS - most experts tend to prefer the ____.






11. This may also be called '________ officer.' The investigative nature of their jobs has resulted in their classification as a local law enforcement agency.






12. Domestic disturbances may be fuelled by alcohol and drug abuse - financial difficulties or many other reasons that are beyond the ________ of the officers.






13. The role of the police academy is to provide formal training - root out ___________ recruits and immerse the trainees in the police subculture.






14. The rise of police professionalism and reform was spearheaded by August _______ who served as the chief of police in Berkeley - California from 1905 to 1932.






15. This is one of the main functions of the police academy and ensures that unsuitable recruits do not make it as officers. About 10% of recruits do not _________ from the academy.






16. This describes the Pendleton Act. This was a big step in the government becoming the huge _____________ it is today.






17. Campus police is probably the most important example of the special district police force. The also participate in the ____ program.






18. In this case - the police applied for and obtained a search warrant from a magistrate for the Defendant's homes. Drugs were found there and the Defendant convicted. He appealed on the grounds that the original affidavit drawn up to obtain the search






19. Another source of PCR tension is discriminatory employment practices of the ______ force.






20. In this case - the Defendants were suspected of evading taxes but they refused to hand over their company books. An illegal search and seizure was performed and the books returned soon after - when the Defendant's lawyer objected. At the trial - the






21. The police ___________ of secrecy - public hostility and solidarity meant they were very isolated from the community - especially the black community.






22. There are over _____ sheriff's departments in the US.






23. There was no __________ form of criminal justice law in those days. Guilt was assumed; the execution carried out and accepted by all as an act of retribution.






24. The rights of the accused (and of prisoners) have been defined mostly through the _______________'s interpretation of the Bill of Rights.






25. Public concern led to the start of the crackdown and this is viewed as an important police role but it is very difficult to spot the minority of drunk drivers amongst those who are ______.






26. Officers at the academy undergo _________ training and most academies also offer field training.






27. Decentralization means reduced _____________ of rank and file officers who have greater discretion in making decisions.






28. The first ___ amendments of the Constitution are commonly called the Bill of Rights and offer the individual considerable protection in the criminal justice system.






29. The nature of police work also promotes deviant activities because officers are often offered ______ - they are regularly unsupervised and so think they can get away with it and fed on a diet of illegality may succumb to criminality too.






30. In US v. Irizarry (1982) - the US Supreme Court held that evidence found above a ceiling panel that was out of place was _______ the scope of the plain-view doctrine






31. A critical function that the police play in society is crime __________ and this role is primarily executed through routine patrolling.






32. When the offender was apprehended by the posse - trials were rarely held and public __________ were held to dispense justice.






33. Increasing ___________ and reducing competition between patrol officers and detectives as well as improving police-citizen relationships are 2 important methods of enhancing the quality of investigative work.






34. Under the ___ system - if last night Jim killed John - then set fire to a car and robbed an old lady - these multiple crimes would be recorded as a single incident.






35. A warrant is a _____ issued by the court to justify the arrest of a suspect. It offers protection to the officer executing the warrant against damages; for example for wrongful arrest.






36. The drawbacks of the administrative rule-making route are that they can never cover every conceivable situation; it may promote lying - avoidance - confusion and a negative ________ from officers.






37. This is the definition of bail. If the suspect fails to appear for the next court hearing - then the money or property pledged may be __________.






38. The professionalization movement started by Vollmer was nurtured by his prot






39. The Supreme Court created a good faith exception to the exclusionary rule when police officers use search warrants (US v. ____ - 1984).






40. Patrol is meant to reassure citizens that their environment is _____ and protected from crime.






41. This is to ensure that ___________ with the administrative rules is maintained.






42. This has resulted in an under ________________ of blacks - women and ethnic minorities in the police force.






43. The 1980s and 1990s saw the creation of _______ oversight of police groups to monitor or investigate complaints by individuals against police actions.






44. In 1837 - the slave patrol consisted of about 100 officers and they were responsible for finding ________ slaves and ensuring that they were well-behaved.






45. The UCR statistics are used to create the FBI Crime Clock which creates a picture of crime _________ in the US.






46. Incapacitation refers to the act of confinement so that the offender is restrained from committing the crime again whereas the deterrence has the overall aim of crime __________.






47. Affirmative action is mandated by a Presidential _________ Order in 1965 - so that all private employers and government agencies who receive federal monies have to develop written affirmative action plans.






48. The Hispanic community is growing faster than expected and therefore police departments should take steps to hire more Hispanic officers through active recruitment processes and offering incentive ___ for bilingual officers.






49. Since the 1980s - there have been some very public crackdowns on _____ driving but rates of this offence which creep down during the crackdown soon return to the original levels because the publicity forces a temporary change in behavior which is not






50. Another word for uphold is _________. This is the result for most appellate court decisions whereby they confirm the decision of the lower court.