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DSST Introduction To Law Enforcement

Subjects : dsst, law-enforcement
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Research into police work and activities conducted between the 1950s and 1970s concluded that police-community relations were very ____ and officers regularly breached legal rules






2. The Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) is an annualized report published by the ___ that states the statistical rate of reported crime in the US based on data from police reports.






3. Apart from police corruption - another form of police deviance is ____________ deviance.






4. Community policing is widely implemented in the US today but critics are concerned that the police role of crime control has been hijacked - the police are increasingly getting involved at a political level and ________________ will lead to the loss






5. Sheriff departments are usually responsible for _______ court papers - civil summons - and managing security in state courtrooms.






6. Training is one of the roles a ______-level enforcement agency usually engages in.






7. This was the step taken in 1965 to remedy _________ discrimination.






8. It is interesting to note that the city of Detroit is the only state in which blacks rate the police force more ______ than their white counterparts.






9. This was the ruling of the court. Many commentators were surprised but the court decided that although arrest for trivial offences (in this case a seat belt violation) may be embarrassing - it was not so extraordinary as to breach the ____ amendment






10. Officers are allocated to specific shifts and patrol areas based on _________ or using a rotation system.






11. Domestic disturbances may be fuelled by alcohol and drug abuse - financial difficulties or many other reasons that are beyond the ________ of the officers.






12. There is no _________ method of centralized policing in the US as police services are provided by the 4 levels of government which are the city - county - state and federal levels.






13. The public perception of the police is of a distant and alienated law enforcement unit. Through community policing - police-community relations should ________ as the public have a greater stake and say in their problems and needs.






14. Plea bargains avoid an expensive court trial. Prosecutors may offer and defendants may accept a bargained plea to avoid the uncertainty of a jury trial. In many cases - the Defendant agrees to plead guilty to a lesser charge or for a ________ sentenc






15. In the 1950s training for police officers consisted mainly of firearm skill development but over the years - classroom training has emphasized criminal __________.






16. The exclusionary rule was modified by the __________ exception in the US Supreme Court decision of US v. Leon (1984).






17. There are around _____ federal - state and local law enforcement agencies in the US.






18. The rise of police professionalism and reform was spearheaded by August _______ who served as the chief of police in Berkeley - California from 1905 to 1932.






19. This is because patrol consists of the majority of police work and this is ________ through the police communications network - which is triggered by 911 calls.






20. This is the term coined to describe this diagrammatic representation. It differentiates between ________ crimes such as murder and rape and property crime such as burglary and arson.






21. Under the 6th Amendment to the Constitution - every defendant has the right to a ____ trial.






22. This is to ensure that ___________ with the administrative rules is maintained.






23. This is widely recognized as a police role - though they do share the burden with other institutions such as schools and _____________.






24. The professionalization movement started by Vollmer was nurtured by his prot






25. This is training in relation to _____________ rules and was spurred by the decisions of the US Supreme Court in the 1960s.






26. The Defendant was _________ arrested in his office - which consisted of a single room. The search was valid and reasonable given the circumstances of the arrest and small space of the area he was arrested in.






27. Officers have very broad discretion - yet this subject is _______ taught or sufficiently taught to better aid the officers in making an appropriate decision.






28. The rights of the accused (and of prisoners) have been defined mostly through the _______________'s interpretation of the Bill of Rights.






29. A limited amount of streetwalking is tolerated if it is restricted to a particular part of town - usually a business district and it is not too ________.






30. The Hispanic community is growing faster than expected and therefore police departments should take steps to hire more Hispanic officers through active recruitment processes and offering incentive ___ for bilingual officers.






31. The controversial 'broken window' theory made the connection between disorder - neighborhood decay and _____.






32. The ________ rule was further emphasized in Edwards v. Arizona (1981) - when the court prohibited investigators from continuing questioning once the suspect has requested an attorney.






33. The 911 communications center is the _____ of a modern police department.






34. Officers must file written _______ in certain circumstances when they exercise their discretion - for example when they fire their weapon and these reports must be reviewed by their superiors.






35. Law enforcement in the US is extremely large and ___________ and hence this many agencies currently exist.






36. _________ policing took off in the 1980s and 1990s - with the realization that the police could not fight crime on their own.






37. Prospective police officers are trained at police _________ - with the average pre-service training program lasting about 1000 hours.






38. This is one of the reports produced by the FBI in its law _____________ role.






39. Good faith means that when the police act with the honest belief that they are following proper rules. According to the ruling in US v. Leon - when officers have acted in good faith reliance on a warrant - the evidence will not be excluded even if th






40. Due to an increase in _________ and disorder by citizens - officers turned to weaponry to protect themselves.






41. The spoils system refers to firing supporters of the opponent and replacing them with one's own supporters upon ________.






42. There is usually a degree of competition between detectives and _______ officers. The latter sometimes withhold information in the hope of beating detectives to solving a case.






43. These experts contend that officers do not have the authority to subvert the criminal law. Some states have criminalized the failure of criminal justice officials who turn a ______ eye to enforcement.






44. Since the 1980s - there have been some very public crackdowns on _____ driving but rates of this offence which creep down during the crackdown soon return to the original levels because the publicity forces a temporary change in behavior which is not






45. There was no __________ form of criminal justice law in those days. Guilt was assumed; the execution carried out and accepted by all as an act of retribution.






46. Domestic violence must be distinguished from a domestic ___________ in the sense that in the former a serious crime has been committed and so the officers can exercise their powers of arrest - if they choose to do so although research shows that offi






47. The spoils system is greatly reduced in modern politics - though not entirely eliminated. Most ________ workers do not have to be concerned about losing their jobs when a new party takes office.






48. The CIA has operations officers and recruits ________ agents as part of their intelligence activities and this may involve covert operations.






49. Public concern led to the start of the crackdown and this is viewed as an important police role but it is very difficult to spot the minority of drunk drivers amongst those who are ______.






50. The 3 main approaches to controlling police discretion are removing it - improving the professional judgment of officers through better training and managing it through _______ policies.