Test your basic knowledge |

DSST Introduction To Law Enforcement

Subjects : dsst, law-enforcement
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Racial profiling is the practice of stopping and or __________ a person not because of any suspected criminal activity but because of that person's race.






2. The professionalization movement started by Vollmer was nurtured by his prot






3. This was the ruling of the court. Many commentators were surprised but the court decided that although arrest for trivial offences (in this case a seat belt violation) may be embarrassing - it was not so extraordinary as to breach the ____ amendment






4. After the arrest - suspects are brought before a __________ for their first appearance so that the charges brought against them can be read out and if appropriate they may be released on their own recognizance.






5. In this case - the Defendants were suspected of evading taxes but they refused to hand over their company books. An illegal search and seizure was performed and the books returned soon after - when the Defendant's lawyer objected. At the trial - the






6. Research has revealed that in about 80% of such situations - no formal action - such as _______ was necessary.






7. It is believed that the average citizen plays a vital part in the ________________ of officers.






8. One of the most controversial incidents in recent American police history occurred in ___________ in 1991 when officers subdued Rodney King using considerable force; resulting in 2 criminal trials and a riot that seriously damaged PCR for several yea






9. This is to ensure that ___________ with the administrative rules is maintained.






10. The ________ rule was further emphasized in Edwards v. Arizona (1981) - when the court prohibited investigators from continuing questioning once the suspect has requested an attorney.






11. The Supreme Court created a good faith exception to the exclusionary rule when police officers use search warrants (US v. ____ - 1984).






12. The police receive a sizeable number of calls about ________ ill persons and in exercising their discretion these matters are normally dealt with through arrest - hospitalization or informal disposition.






13. Another word for uphold is _________. This is the result for most appellate court decisions whereby they confirm the decision of the lower court.






14. The next most critical factor that impacts on PCR after race and ethnicity is ___.






15. Incapacitation refers to the act of confinement so that the offender is restrained from committing the crime again whereas the deterrence has the overall aim of crime __________.






16. There is usually a degree of competition between detectives and _______ officers. The latter sometimes withhold information in the hope of beating detectives to solving a case.






17. The spoils system refers to firing supporters of the opponent and replacing them with one's own supporters upon ________.






18. Increasing ___________ and reducing competition between patrol officers and detectives as well as improving police-citizen relationships are 2 important methods of enhancing the quality of investigative work.






19. This is the problem of case __________. Research has shown that only about half of felony arrests result in convictions. The question is whether this is due to poor police work or some other reason.






20. This may also be called '________ officer.' The investigative nature of their jobs has resulted in their classification as a local law enforcement agency.






21. A centralized state-level agency - which merges patrol with ______________ will usually assist in local criminal investigations when asked - patrol the state's highways - operate identification bureaus - manage criminal records and provide training t






22. Where offenders are not captured red-handed - an arrest _______ issued by an officer of the court is required to supply the legal foundation for the act of detention.






23. In US v. __________ (1950) - the US Supreme Court ruled that a warrantless search upon a lawful arrest was permitted as long as it was reasonable given the circumstances.






24. In order to police __________ crimes - officers generally have to resort to undercover work.






25. The 3 purposes of patrol are to deter crime - increase feelings of public ________ and prepare officers for service through effective dispersal in the neighborhood.






26. Public concern led to the start of the crackdown and this is viewed as an important police role but it is very difficult to spot the minority of drunk drivers amongst those who are ______.






27. This was the only way they could ________ themselves and their property from the bandits. They did try to apply the accepted standards of decency of the day to their actions.






28. Able-bodied men who could hear the commotion caused by the victim were obliged to form a posse and join the shire reeve (term from which ________ is derived) or mounted officer in pursuit of the offender.






29. A concurrent sentence is one that is served at the __________ as another sentence.






30. By dealing with the underlying issues - for example mental health or financial service problems - then a solution may be found to get them off the street and back into a more ___________ existence.






31. In this case - the police applied for and obtained a search warrant from a magistrate for the Defendant's homes. Drugs were found there and the Defendant convicted. He appealed on the grounds that the original affidavit drawn up to obtain the search






32. There is no _________ method of centralized policing in the US as police services are provided by the 4 levels of government which are the city - county - state and federal levels.






33. Criminalistics relies on __________ to analyze firearms and munitions as well as various forensic techniques to determine issues such as time of death.






34. Organized law enforcement in Britain can be traced back to 1200 AD when identified law breakers were pursued by a _____ led by the shire reeve or mounted officer.






35. This is widely recognized as a police role - though they do share the burden with other institutions such as schools and _____________.






36. Officers at the academy undergo _________ training and most academies also offer field training.






37. Some legal experts believe that police discretion should be abolished because it is _______.






38. This was the bright-line rule (one that can ______ be crossed) that emerged from this case.






39. Officers must file written _______ in certain circumstances when they exercise their discretion - for example when they fire their weapon and these reports must be reviewed by their superiors.






40. This is one of the reports produced by the FBI in its law _____________ role.






41. Research showed that patrol was of little deterrence and speedier response times did not increase the arrest rate nor assisted in the solving of crimes. Community policing is meant to create a _____________ between police and community to develop pro






42. Research into police work and activities conducted between the 1950s and 1970s concluded that police-community relations were very ____ and officers regularly breached legal rules






43. The UCR has a hierarchy rule whereby multiple types of incidents can only be recorded as 1 incident. This is a _________ of the system.






44. The rise of police professionalism and reform was spearheaded by August _______ who served as the chief of police in Berkeley - California from 1905 to 1932.






45. When the offender was apprehended by the posse - trials were rarely held and public __________ were held to dispense justice.






46. In serious cases - this may be the outcome. However - hospital care for the mentally ill is very disjointed and it may be difficult to hospitalize a person without their ________. Also - these hospitals or shelters may refuse to admit these patients.






47. The UCR statistics are used to create the FBI Crime Clock which creates a picture of crime _________ in the US.






48. The nature of police work also promotes deviant activities because officers are often offered ______ - they are regularly unsupervised and so think they can get away with it and fed on a diet of illegality may succumb to criminality too.






49. Decentralization means reduced _____________ of rank and file officers who have greater discretion in making decisions.






50. The 3 main approaches to controlling police discretion are removing it - improving the professional judgment of officers through better training and managing it through _______ policies.