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DSST Introduction To Law Enforcement

Subjects : dsst, law-enforcement
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Law enforcement in the US is extremely large and ___________ and hence this many agencies currently exist.






2. The office of coroner is considered a local law enforcement agency because they determine the cause of _____ of victims and perpetrators in criminal cases.






3. The next most critical factor that impacts on PCR after race and ethnicity is ___.






4. Where offenders are not captured red-handed - an arrest _______ issued by an officer of the court is required to supply the legal foundation for the act of detention.






5. Wilson and Kelling believed that the broken window symbolized a deteriorating neighborhood and not repaired led to the eventual decline of an area - thereby encouraging criminal _________.






6. The role of the ___ is to investigate breaches of federal criminal law - to protect the country from foreign counterintelligence and terrorist activities and to provide law enforcement assistance to other agencies.






7. Prospective police officers are trained at police _________ - with the average pre-service training program lasting about 1000 hours.






8. Parens patriae is Latin for 'the ______ as parent'.






9. Plea bargains avoid an expensive court trial. Prosecutors may offer and defendants may accept a bargained plea to avoid the uncertainty of a jury trial. In many cases - the Defendant agrees to plead guilty to a lesser charge or for a ________ sentenc






10. The rise of police professionalism and reform was spearheaded by August _______ who served as the chief of police in Berkeley - California from 1905 to 1932.






11. The Defendant was _________ arrested in his office - which consisted of a single room. The search was valid and reasonable given the circumstances of the arrest and small space of the area he was arrested in.






12. The controversial 'broken window' theory made the connection between disorder - neighborhood decay and _____.






13. The role of the police academy is to provide formal training - root out ___________ recruits and immerse the trainees in the police subculture.






14. This describes the Pendleton Act. This was a big step in the government becoming the huge _____________ it is today.






15. Decentralization means reduced _____________ of rank and file officers who have greater discretion in making decisions.






16. Ballistics is the scientific _________ of firearms - ammunition - projectiles - bombs and explosives.






17. The public perception of the police is of a distant and alienated law enforcement unit. Through community policing - police-community relations should ________ as the public have a greater stake and say in their problems and needs.






18. Their perception of the amount of danger faced in their jobs results in the development of constant __________ of people






19. Wilson believed in the necessity to continue and encourage _____________________ within the police force. He was the chief of police in Wichita from 1928 to 1935 - the Dean of Criminology at the University of California from 1950 to 1960 and the supe






20. This occurs where criminal and non-criminal actions are used by an officer in the course of his/her working activities or committed when pretending it is within his/her ___________ police authority. An example is sleeping on the job or a racial slur






21. Tensions between the police and racial minorities continue despite the many advances made since the 1960s; major complaints are still made regularly and these include use of excessive force and ______ profiling.






22. This has resulted in an under ________________ of blacks - women and ethnic minorities in the police force.






23. The written policies method is called '________________ rule-making' and it is presently the most popular method of controlling discretion.






24. In US v. __________ (1950) - the US Supreme Court ruled that a warrantless search upon a lawful arrest was permitted as long as it was reasonable given the circumstances.






25. Campus police is probably the most important example of the special district police force. The also participate in the ____ program.






26. Generally - surveys have revealed that ________ people tend to be more dissatisfied with the police than older persons. Some youths seem to believe that the police target them simply because they are young and think that all teenagers are up to no go






27. In this case - the Defendants were suspected of evading taxes but they refused to hand over their company books. An illegal search and seizure was performed and the books returned soon after - when the Defendant's lawyer objected. At the trial - the






28. When called to attend to a non-crime incident - the police have to exercise discretion and can usually handle the situation _______ taking formal police action.






29. The police ___________ of secrecy - public hostility and solidarity meant they were very isolated from the community - especially the black community.






30. The police receive a sizeable number of calls about ________ ill persons and in exercising their discretion these matters are normally dealt with through arrest - hospitalization or informal disposition.






31. The drawbacks of the administrative rule-making route are that they can never cover every conceivable situation; it may promote lying - avoidance - confusion and a negative ________ from officers.






32. Police training programs do suffer from ___________ - particularly as important areas such as domestic violence - ethics and police discretion - which are not usually covered






33. Since the 1980s - there have been some very public crackdowns on _____ driving but rates of this offence which creep down during the crackdown soon return to the original levels because the publicity forces a temporary change in behavior which is not






34. The first ___ amendments to the Constitution are called the Bill of Rights. They were created to restrict government actions against the individual.






35. The professionalization movement started by Vollmer was nurtured by his prot






36. In dealing with federal criminal law enforcement - the duty of the FBI upon investigation is to gather evidence and perform personnel investigations - especially in major programs such as _________ crime and white-collar crime.






37. _________ policing took off in the 1980s and 1990s - with the realization that the police could not fight crime on their own.






38. Some departments allow for bidding of new patrol areas once or twice _________.






39. This is because patrol consists of the majority of police work and this is ________ through the police communications network - which is triggered by 911 calls.






40. The NCVS Survey is a yearly study by the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) of specific households to determine the level of criminal _____________ - particularly unreported victimization - in the US.






41. This is the term coined to describe this diagrammatic representation. It differentiates between ________ crimes such as murder and rape and property crime such as burglary and arson.






42. A critical function that the police play in society is crime __________ and this role is primarily executed through routine patrolling.






43. Between the data in the UCR and NCVS - most experts tend to prefer the ____.






44. The _________ Act passed by Congress in 1883 put an end to Andrew Jackson's 'spoils system -' and created a system of hiring government employees based on their qualifications.






45. This is the right granted under the Constitution but the Supreme Court has held that it can be exercised only for offences carrying a term of ______________ exceeding 6 months or where the extra penalties such as fines and community service are suffi






46. This is training in relation to _____________ rules and was spurred by the decisions of the US Supreme Court in the 1960s.






47. The first landmark case that forms the foundation of the exclusionary rule is the US Supreme court decision of _____ v US (1914).






48. When considering detective productivity and _____________ - more important than the number of arrests is the quality of those arrests.






49. Criminalistics relies on __________ to analyze firearms and munitions as well as various forensic techniques to determine issues such as time of death.






50. Some legal experts believe that police discretion should be abolished because it is _______.