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DSST Introduction To Law Enforcement

Subjects : dsst, law-enforcement
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The ATF was previously an organization within the Department of the Treasury but since 24th January 2003 - their agency was transferred to the Department of _______.






2. Deterrence prevents crime through using an example or threat of ___________ to persuade the public against committing the crime.






3. It is believed that the average citizen plays a vital part in the ________________ of officers.






4. Where offenders are not captured red-handed - an arrest _______ issued by an officer of the court is required to supply the legal foundation for the act of detention.






5. There was no __________ form of criminal justice law in those days. Guilt was assumed; the execution carried out and accepted by all as an act of retribution.






6. This is because patrol consists of the majority of police work and this is ________ through the police communications network - which is triggered by 911 calls.






7. Some departments allow for bidding of new patrol areas once or twice _________.






8. In US v. Irizarry (1982) - the US Supreme Court held that evidence found above a ceiling panel that was out of place was _______ the scope of the plain-view doctrine






9. Campus police are a type of _______ district police force - and many of these larger forces have been state certified as law enforcement agencies with general arrest powers.






10. Organized law enforcement in Britain can be traced back to 1200 AD when identified law breakers were pursued by a _____ led by the shire reeve or mounted officer.






11. One of the major problems facing patrol officers is high-speed pursuits is a high ________ rate.






12. Since the 1980s - there have been some very public crackdowns on _____ driving but rates of this offence which creep down during the crackdown soon return to the original levels because the publicity forces a temporary change in behavior which is not






13. The police receive a sizeable number of calls about ________ ill persons and in exercising their discretion these matters are normally dealt with through arrest - hospitalization or informal disposition.






14. The UCR statistics are used to create the FBI Crime Clock which creates a picture of crime _________ in the US.






15. The nature of police work also promotes deviant activities because officers are often offered ______ - they are regularly unsupervised and so think they can get away with it and fed on a diet of illegality may succumb to criminality too.






16. Police training programs do suffer from ___________ - particularly as important areas such as domestic violence - ethics and police discretion - which are not usually covered






17. Decentralization means reduced _____________ of rank and file officers who have greater discretion in making decisions.






18. The 3 CIA directorates are the directorate of Intelligence - directorate of Operations and the directorate of Science and ___________.






19. The exclusionary rule relates to illegally seized evidence. In this case - the police searched and seized personal effects as well as incriminating evidence from the Defendant's house without a warrant. On the basis of this evidence - the Defendant w






20. The role of the police academy is to provide formal training - root out ___________ recruits and immerse the trainees in the police subculture.






21. The drawbacks of the administrative rule-making route are that they can never cover every conceivable situation; it may promote lying - avoidance - confusion and a negative ________ from officers.






22. In serious cases - this may be the outcome. However - hospital care for the mentally ill is very disjointed and it may be difficult to hospitalize a person without their ________. Also - these hospitals or shelters may refuse to admit these patients.






23. This occurs where criminal and non-criminal actions are used by an officer in the course of his/her working activities or committed when pretending it is within his/her ___________ police authority. An example is sleeping on the job or a racial slur






24. Some police departments may have a separate detective unit with further specialized units such as homicide and vice. ________ ones will have a single department to handle all cases or no department at all.






25. The ________ rule was further emphasized in Edwards v. Arizona (1981) - when the court prohibited investigators from continuing questioning once the suspect has requested an attorney.






26. This is the definition of bail. If the suspect fails to appear for the next court hearing - then the money or property pledged may be __________.






27. It can be argued that __________ officers possess an additional skill and therefore the extra pay can be justified on those grounds.






28. This is the term coined to describe this diagrammatic representation. It differentiates between ________ crimes such as murder and rape and property crime such as burglary and arson.






29. Officers at the academy undergo _________ training and most academies also offer field training.






30. Upon conviction - the defendant is punished through a sentence passed by the judge and if convicted of more than one crime - then may be subject to a ___________ or concurrent sentence.






31. Apart from police corruption - another form of police deviance is ____________ deviance.






32. The Hispanic community is growing faster than expected and therefore police departments should take steps to hire more Hispanic officers through active recruitment processes and offering incentive ___ for bilingual officers.






33. The controversial 'broken window' theory made the connection between disorder - neighborhood decay and _____.






34. Another source of PCR tension is discriminatory employment practices of the ______ force.






35. Training is one of the roles a ______-level enforcement agency usually engages in.






36. The exclusionary rule was extended by the US Supreme Court in the case of Silverthorne Lumber Co. v. US (1920) - which held that ______ of illegally seized evidence were inadmissible in court.






37. Campus police is probably the most important example of the special district police force. The also participate in the ____ program.






38. The courts of general jurisdiction utilize a fact-finding foundation known as the ___________ process which pits the State's interest - as represented by the prosecution against the Defendant's - as represented by defense counsel.






39. The first ___ amendments to the Constitution are called the Bill of Rights. They were created to restrict government actions against the individual.






40. The _________ Act passed by Congress in 1883 put an end to Andrew Jackson's 'spoils system -' and created a system of hiring government employees based on their qualifications.






41. This is the way criminal trials are conducted in the US and it is governed by strict rules of __________.






42. After the arrest - suspects are brought before a __________ for their first appearance so that the charges brought against them can be read out and if appropriate they may be released on their own recognizance.






43. This is to ensure that ___________ with the administrative rules is maintained.






44. Public concern led to the start of the crackdown and this is viewed as an important police role but it is very difficult to spot the minority of drunk drivers amongst those who are ______.






45. One of the most controversial incidents in recent American police history occurred in ___________ in 1991 when officers subdued Rodney King using considerable force; resulting in 2 criminal trials and a riot that seriously damaged PCR for several yea






46. This means that the court releases the suspect into their own custody or into the care of another. This occurs where the suspect poses a low flight risk and is not __________ to the community.






47. These experts contend that officers do not have the authority to subvert the criminal law. Some states have criminalized the failure of criminal justice officials who turn a ______ eye to enforcement.






48. The _________ Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS)is the term coined for this annual study.






49. A centralized state-level agency - which merges patrol with ______________ will usually assist in local criminal investigations when asked - patrol the state's highways - operate identification bureaus - manage criminal records and provide training t






50. This is the problem of case __________. Research has shown that only about half of felony arrests result in convictions. The question is whether this is due to poor police work or some other reason.