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DSST Introduction To Law Enforcement

Subjects : dsst, law-enforcement
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. This occurs where criminal and non-criminal actions are used by an officer in the course of his/her working activities or committed when pretending it is within his/her ___________ police authority. An example is sleeping on the job or a racial slur






2. The 3 purposes of patrol are to deter crime - increase feelings of public ________ and prepare officers for service through effective dispersal in the neighborhood.






3. The exclusionary rule relates to illegally seized evidence. In this case - the police searched and seized personal effects as well as incriminating evidence from the Defendant's house without a warrant. On the basis of this evidence - the Defendant w






4. The controversial 'broken window' theory made the connection between disorder - neighborhood decay and _____.






5. Under the 6th Amendment to the Constitution - every defendant has the right to a ____ trial.






6. This is the term coined to describe this diagrammatic representation. It differentiates between ________ crimes such as murder and rape and property crime such as burglary and arson.






7. Officers may feel that the rules are there to catch them out and that the system mistrusts them. This may encourage officers to work at a deliberately _____ pace.






8. Able-bodied men who could hear the commotion caused by the victim were obliged to form a posse and join the shire reeve (term from which ________ is derived) or mounted officer in pursuit of the offender.






9. In order to police __________ crimes - officers generally have to resort to undercover work.






10. This is the right granted under the Constitution but the Supreme Court has held that it can be exercised only for offences carrying a term of ______________ exceeding 6 months or where the extra penalties such as fines and community service are suffi






11. Citizen ______ and vigilante groups were the main means of policing the frontier and well-known figures who took up this challenge in the 19th Century include Wild Bill Hickok and Wyatt Earp.






12. The FBI has the responsibility to investigate - analyze and neutralize any potential terrorist threats and to investigate and analyze terrorist __________ in the US.






13. The Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) is an annualized report published by the ___ that states the statistical rate of reported crime in the US based on data from police reports.






14. When it comes to prostitution - low-level street-walking is usually tolerated so that the role of the police is normally ___________ and maintaining the peace.






15. The first ___ amendments to the Constitution are called the Bill of Rights. They were created to restrict government actions against the individual.






16. Their perception of the amount of danger faced in their jobs results in the development of constant __________ of people






17. Since these crimes are usually not reported - in order to discover them - undercover work using devices such as _________ are utilized.






18. In US v. Irizarry (1982) - the US Supreme Court held that evidence found above a ceiling panel that was out of place was _______ the scope of the plain-view doctrine






19. The nature of police work also promotes deviant activities because officers are often offered ______ - they are regularly unsupervised and so think they can get away with it and fed on a diet of illegality may succumb to criminality too.






20. Public concern led to the start of the crackdown and this is viewed as an important police role but it is very difficult to spot the minority of drunk drivers amongst those who are ______.






21. Plea bargains avoid an expensive court trial. Prosecutors may offer and defendants may accept a bargained plea to avoid the uncertainty of a jury trial. In many cases - the Defendant agrees to plead guilty to a lesser charge or for a ________ sentenc






22. Research into police work and activities conducted between the 1950s and 1970s concluded that police-community relations were very ____ and officers regularly breached legal rules






23. After the arrest - suspects are brought before a __________ for their first appearance so that the charges brought against them can be read out and if appropriate they may be released on their own recognizance.






24. Racial profiling is the practice of stopping and or __________ a person not because of any suspected criminal activity but because of that person's race.






25. The professionalization movement started by Vollmer was nurtured by his prot






26. Wilson believed in the necessity to continue and encourage _____________________ within the police force. He was the chief of police in Wichita from 1928 to 1935 - the Dean of Criminology at the University of California from 1950 to 1960 and the supe






27. This is the problem of case __________. Research has shown that only about half of felony arrests result in convictions. The question is whether this is due to poor police work or some other reason.






28. When the offender was apprehended by the posse - trials were rarely held and public __________ were held to dispense justice.






29. Community policing is widely implemented in the US today but critics are concerned that the police role of crime control has been hijacked - the police are increasingly getting involved at a political level and ________________ will lead to the loss






30. The spoils system is greatly reduced in modern politics - though not entirely eliminated. Most ________ workers do not have to be concerned about losing their jobs when a new party takes office.






31. In this case - the Defendants were suspected of evading taxes but they refused to hand over their company books. An illegal search and seizure was performed and the books returned soon after - when the Defendant's lawyer objected. At the trial - the






32. The ________ stage of SARA refers to the creation of strategies based on the analyzed data to deal with the problem whereas the assessment stage requires an evaluation of the effectiveness of the response.






33. Police subculture is determined by the potential of ______ and because of this they stereotype certain categories of persons - such as low-income males - as possible threats.






34. The rights of the accused (and of prisoners) have been defined mostly through the _______________'s interpretation of the Bill of Rights.






35. One of the major problems facing patrol officers is high-speed pursuits is a high ________ rate.






36. The Defendant was _________ arrested in his office - which consisted of a single room. The search was valid and reasonable given the circumstances of the arrest and small space of the area he was arrested in.






37. Between the data in the UCR and NCVS - most experts tend to prefer the ____.






38. Prospective police officers are trained at police _________ - with the average pre-service training program lasting about 1000 hours.






39. In this case - the police applied for and obtained a search warrant from a magistrate for the Defendant's homes. Drugs were found there and the Defendant convicted. He appealed on the grounds that the original affidavit drawn up to obtain the search






40. When considering detective productivity and _____________ - more important than the number of arrests is the quality of those arrests.






41. This means that the court releases the suspect into their own custody or into the care of another. This occurs where the suspect poses a low flight risk and is not __________ to the community.






42. By dealing with the underlying issues - for example mental health or financial service problems - then a solution may be found to get them off the street and back into a more ___________ existence.






43. Incapacitation refers to the act of confinement so that the offender is restrained from committing the crime again whereas the deterrence has the overall aim of crime __________.






44. Campus police are a type of _______ district police force - and many of these larger forces have been state certified as law enforcement agencies with general arrest powers.






45. Decentralization means reduced _____________ of rank and file officers who have greater discretion in making decisions.






46. The UCR statistics are used to create the FBI Crime Clock which creates a picture of crime _________ in the US.






47. Domestic disturbances are a common order maintenance issue handled by the police but officers generally find them frustrating to handle because there is little that they can do about the _____ of the problem.






48. In serious cases - this may be the outcome. However - hospital care for the mentally ill is very disjointed and it may be difficult to hospitalize a person without their ________. Also - these hospitals or shelters may refuse to admit these patients.






49. According to the doctrine of ______ patriae - the state has a duty to care for children who are neglected or delinquent - and to assume the role of parent if necessary.






50. In US v. __________ (1950) - the US Supreme Court ruled that a warrantless search upon a lawful arrest was permitted as long as it was reasonable given the circumstances.






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