DSST Physical Sciences2

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the hybridization of oxygen in water and other oxygens similar to water with two bonds and two lone pairs of electrons?
Sp^3
You look at what is being oxidized and reduced in the problem
It decreases; the work done by the gas in expanding decreases its internal energy
Energy


2. Why does light travel slower in an optically dense medium than through a vacuum?
1000
Light is absorbed and re-emitted by the atomic structure of the optically dense medium
Colligative; the number of solute particles present
There is the maximum amount of K and NO3 ions; crystals will precipitate out; common-ion effect


3. At the moment of explosion of an object - what is its momementum? Why? After an explosion what is the total momentum carried by all the fragments?
Faraday/electrons
Its momentum is zero because velocity is zero; zero because of conservation of momentum
It will be reduced the voltage produced by the resistor which means IR; E- IR
C: series = 1/C + 1/C = 1/C; parallel = C + C = C R: series: R+R = R; parallel = 1/R + 1/R = 1/R


4. How do you find moles of a substance when you are given faradays and electrons?
Zero
Positron emission
Faraday/electrons
The current is the same


5. Kb is the equilibrium constant for what?
T = 2pi/angular velocity; v/r
When you have central atom with six ions on it
The reaction between the base and water
Density (gravitational constant) height


6. The range of pH in which a color change takes place in a titration depends on what?
That they are catalysts in the rxn because they react with the substrate and are reformed
When HIn is turned into In- - which is dependent upon the pKa of the indicator
Accelerated by a higher voltage between the cathode and anode
Alkali metals = first column


7. How do you balance redox rxns?

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8. The freezing point of an aqueous solution is what kind of property? What does this mean?
Sp^3
H has a small atomic radius
Colligative: it depends on the number of solute molecules in a given volume of water
A saturated solution in which the aqueous ions are in equilibrium with the solid


9. What does specific heat of a substance tell you? Thus what does a higher specific heat tell you?
How much energy is needed to raise one gram of a substance one degree celcius; it tells that you need more energy to increase temperature
Electron shell number
(density[p])(volume)
Dipole moment; the attractive forces holding them together in liquid state are London or dispersion forces


10. What is the magnetic quantum number?
Positron emission
-l to +l
+/- 1/2
(density[p])(volume)


11. If you have longer wavelengths how is their freq and energy compared to shorter wavelengths?
1000
+/- 1/2
Their freq is smaller and energy is smaller; when wavelength is smaller freq is larger and higher energy = more dangerous
3+


12. What is usually conserved over oscillation periods?
0 Hz because they are traveling side by side at the same speed
External components of the circuit
Energy
Alkali metals = first column


13. What is the equation for work done?
A current; a magnetic field into a curved path; the charge and mass of the incoming particle and can be effectively used to distinguish different species of particles from one another
It decreases; the work done by the gas in expanding decreases its internal energy
The force along the board to the normal force
W = F(displacement)


14. How do the final velocities differ if a sphere is dropped from a distance rather than rolled down an inclined plane?
They do not differ
E = (kq)/r^2
Liquid displaced by that object
Shorter than it should be so rays from a distant object form in front of retina; use divergent lens


15. How would you find rate of rxn from pH 1 to pH2?
Zero
Decreasing potential energy
Red
Look at how many times smaller the H concentration becomes with relation to rate law: if rate law says [H] is second order: ((10^-2)^2/(10^-1)^2 = 10^-2 and then times that answer by the original rate


16. The number of incident photons on the cathode affect what?
It can absorb light that lets other electrons fill those orbitals
No - it increases the speed at which the rxn reaches that equilibrium
The number of electrons emitted
180 degrees; when there is half a wave distance in phase between two waves


17. What energy conversion describes best what takes place in a battery-powered resistive circuit?
Mass per unit volume compared to water: so if mass is 15 g and displaces 5g of benzene the ratio of object to liquid mass is 15/5 = 3 and then times 3 by the specific gravity of benzene which is 0.7
Battery starts off chemical and creates an electrical current which creates thermal energy in the resistors
Its intensity in the spectrum
It's weight = mg; h


18. The electrons emitted from cathode are replaced with what?
Look at the reactants and see which atom is being reduced - since it accepts the electron readily and is reduced we can assume it has the highest electron affinity
Polar
Electrons from anode and battery
Half of the exponent


19. A cmpd with the lowest carbon to oxygen ratio will require how much oxygen for combustion?
The part where it's straight almost up before it curves to plateau at new pH; it can tell you what indicator you could use to detect the equivalence point
The lowest amt than any of the other cmpds with a higher carbon to oxygen ratio
It's weight = mg; h
180 degrees; when there is half a wave distance in phase between two waves


20. If you are given density and volume how do you find mass?
(density[p])(volume)
Negative
The force along the board to the normal force
Sp^3


21. if lead is successively preciptated as PbSO4 - PbI - and PbCO2 - which is less soluble than which? Thus which anions will be precipitated first?
A saturated solution in which the aqueous ions are in equilibrium with the solid
The nucleus gains a proton and no neutrons
Colligative: it depends on the number of solute molecules in a given volume of water
PbCO2 is less soluble than PbI - and PbI less soluble than PbSO4; CO2 - then I - then SO4


22. Can a catalyst shift equilibrium?
No - it increases the speed at which the rxn reaches that equilibrium
Colligative; the number of solute particles present
Add them together
Vertically; perpendicular to all surfaces


23. What is the amt of energy that a frictional force generates?
Force times the distance over which the force acts
Its intensity in the spectrum
P = IV
In the presence of a base


24. How do you figure out the literature Ksp value of a compound?
It can absorb light that lets other electrons fill those orbitals
A saturated solution in which the aqueous ions are in equilibrium with the solid
You see how many moles of each are present and the one with the least is limiting; calculate how many grams/moles of a product will be made
0 Hz because they are traveling side by side at the same speed


25. What is the doppler equation for wavelength and frequency?
It can absorb light that lets other electrons fill those orbitals
Wavelength: (change in y)/(y) = v/c frequency: (change in f)/(f) = -v/c
The Ka or Kb that has an exponent closest to 7 because pKa + pKb = pKw and pKw = 14
The force along the board to the normal force


26. What is one faraday equal to?
W = F(displacement)
A current; a magnetic field into a curved path; the charge and mass of the incoming particle and can be effectively used to distinguish different species of particles from one another
Mg
One mole of electric charge


27. If you are given a table of substances and are told to find which two show effect of molecular weight on melting point alone - which two substances should you look for?
Shorter than it should be so rays from a distant object form in front of retina; use divergent lens
Only temperature of the water bath
You see how many moles of each are present and the one with the least is limiting; calculate how many grams/moles of a product will be made
You should look for the two substances that appear to be equal in structure - with no structural differences (or as little as possible)


28. The coefficient of static friction is the ratio of what?
H has a small atomic radius
+/- 1/2
The force along the board to the normal force
How much energy is needed to raise one gram of a substance one degree celcius; it tells that you need more energy to increase temperature


29. Why would a solution with unfilled orbitals be responsible for turning a solution a certian color?
When electron falls from high energy to low energy level
Momentum
180 degrees; when there is half a wave distance in phase between two waves
It can absorb light that lets other electrons fill those orbitals


30. What is the angular momentum quantum number (l)? It is the same as what? What does an S orbital appear to look like? What would it's (l) be?
Dipole moment; the attractive forces holding them together in liquid state are London or dispersion forces
Cathode; anode
Quantum number that dictates the shape of an orbital; how many angular nodes are present? Spherical shape with no angular nodes thus you have 0 for angular momentum quantum number
Liquid displaced by that object


31. If you have an alcohol with OH on the end and then another cmpd with an O in the middle but no H - what is different between the bonds they can make with water?

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32. In radioactive decay the atomic number (A) and mass number (Z) must what?
6.02 x 10^23 ions/mol
[S][2S]^2 = 4S^3
Ability to locate an event in space
They must balance


33. Thus is Zn (which has positive oxidation potential) reacts with HCl - will any rxn take place?
Yes because ionic zinc has oxidation of (2+) and Zn is easily oxidized so it will displace H and ZnCl2 will be formed
A saturated solution in which the aqueous ions are in equilibrium with the solid
The blood pressure in the leg is greater because the column between the arm and the leg has a hydrostatic pressure
Isolating an atom from minerals by decomposing the minerals with an electric current


34. What would the force be of a block on a pulley? What would be its displacement?

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35. What is the principal quantum number (n)?
Electron shell number
Momentum
[S][2S]^2 = 4S^3
Accelerated by a higher voltage between the cathode and anode


36. The probability of an X-ray emission event at a given wavelength is measured by what?
It's weight = mg; the work would be the weight times the distance fell
H has a small atomic radius
Until all of it has been melted because energy is going into it to melt it not to change temperature during its melting
Its intensity in the spectrum


37. What type of acid and base would produce a pH closest to 7?
The lowest whole number ratio of moles of each element in a mole of a cmpd
A function of the total number of molecules; if there is one mol of CO2 for every 2 mol of H20 then H20 is 2/3 the total pressure
In the presence of a base
Strong acid and strong base/ weak acid and weak base


38. When looking at which combo of acids and bases will result in a solution with pH of 7 what do we look for?
The lowest amt than any of the other cmpds with a higher carbon to oxygen ratio
The Ka or Kb that has an exponent closest to 7 because pKa + pKb = pKw and pKw = 14
E = (kq)/r^2
Where an event took place


39. How do you find wavelength if you known distance from adjacent crests and troughs?
Its twice that distance
(density[p])(volume)
1) Young's Modulus 2) Shear Modulus 3) Bulk Modulus
Neutrons; atomic number


40. What is the magnitude of the electric field produced by a point charge?
Gravity
The lowest one
Electron shell number
E = (kq)/r^2


41. If melting pt of a substance is 80 degrees - then what is the diff in time the substance melts when it is either placed in 100 degree test tube and 90 degree test tube?
When HIn is turned into In- - which is dependent upon the pKa of the indicator
It's weight = mg; h
The current is the same
It will take longer to melt if the water bath is only at 90 degrees rather than 100 degrees because at 100 degrees the temperature is hotter and thus it will melt faster than at 90 degrees


42. Why are bonds between H and another atom shorter compared to most?
Mg
A saturated solution in which the aqueous ions are in equilibrium with the solid
From peak to peak
H has a small atomic radius


43. The total pressure of a solution is what? Give example.
-l to +l
A function of the total number of molecules; if there is one mol of CO2 for every 2 mol of H20 then H20 is 2/3 the total pressure
A constant force on a mass causes it to have a constant acceleration
C: series = 1/C + 1/C = 1/C; parallel = C + C = C R: series: R+R = R; parallel = 1/R + 1/R = 1/R


44. The equivalence pt is what part of the titration curve? Thus looking at the range of change between the pH values along this part of the graph can tell you what?

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45. Light can be carried along a distance within a transparent material by means of what?
L = wavelength/2 so L= (wavelength)(2)
Total internal reflection
One mole of electric charge
It has a positive oxidation potential so it is easily oxidized


46. What is the net result on a nucleus when you absorb a deuturon and emit a neutron?
The nucleus gains a proton and no neutrons
Dipole moment; the attractive forces holding them together in liquid state are London or dispersion forces
Colligative; the number of solute particles present
There is the maximum amount of K and NO3 ions; crystals will precipitate out; common-ion effect


47. What is the equation for a period (T)? What is the equation for angular velocity?
0 Hz because they are traveling side by side at the same speed
Accelerated by a higher voltage between the cathode and anode
T = 2pi/angular velocity; v/r
P = F(v) = mg(v -terminal)


48. When does red litmus paper turn blue?
In the presence of a base
Negative
It will be reduced the voltage produced by the resistor which means IR; E- IR
A saturated solution in which the aqueous ions are in equilibrium with the solid


49. What are the three separate module for tensile stress - shear stress - and compression/expansion?

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50. In Bohr model of atom when is energy emitted?
It's weight = mg; the work would be the weight times the distance fell
+/- 1/2
When electron falls from high energy to low energy level
[A]^a[B]^b