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DSST Physical Sciences2

Subjects : dsst, science

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. If any species is gotten rid of when combining two equations of chemical rxns together what can you conclude about those species?
That they are catalysts in the rxn because they react with the substrate and are reformed
The number of electrons emitted
Pascal (N*m^2)
Accelerated by a higher voltage between the cathode and anode

2. Heat from friction comes from what?
Decreasing potential energy
You should look for the two substances that appear to be equal in structure - with no structural differences (or as little as possible)
The lowest amt than any of the other cmpds with a higher carbon to oxygen ratio
Positron emission

3. Pressure in a liquid is proportional to what? So why does this explain why blood pressure is greater in legs?
There is the maximum amount of K and NO3 ions; crystals will precipitate out; common-ion effect
Only temperature of the water bath
The mass of an acid that yields one mole of H ions or the mass of a base that reacts with one mole of H ions
The height of the liquid above it ; blood pressure increases because of the force of gravity (P= (density)g(height)

4. Mechanical waves in a medium fxn to transport what?
B = pVg; density
Constant; stress/strain = (F/A)/ (change in L/L) = straight line withe positive slope that stays constant
Energy
Ability to locate an event in space

5. When an element decreases its atomic number by one what is emitted?
The height of the liquid above it ; blood pressure increases because of the force of gravity (P= (density)g(height)
The cmpd without the O cannot donate H's like alcohol can to form H bonds with water
A constant force on a mass causes it to have a constant acceleration
Positron because this is known as positron decay/electron capture

6. For a given flow rate - the speed of fluid flow is inversely proportional to what?
That it is negative
Half of the exponent
The cross-sectional area through which the fluid flows
7 always!!!

7. Light can be carried along a distance within a transparent material by means of what?
T = 2pi/angular velocity; v/r
A salt and water
Total internal reflection
Toward the side with more gaseous molecules; towards the side that doesn't give off as much heat (remember heat is given off when molecules are formed and thus (-) enthalpy)

8. What is the relationship between P and n in PV=nRT?
Red
It will be reduced the voltage produced by the resistor which means IR; E- IR
A salt and water
They are directly proportional

9. How do you find moles of a substance when you are given faradays and electrons?
Faraday/electrons
+/- 1/2
PbCO2 is less soluble than PbI - and PbI less soluble than PbSO4; CO2 - then I - then SO4
The lowest whole number ratio of moles of each element in a mole of a cmpd

10. The total pressure of a solution is what? Give example.
180 degrees; when there is half a wave distance in phase between two waves
Energy
A function of the total number of molecules; if there is one mol of CO2 for every 2 mol of H20 then H20 is 2/3 the total pressure
The cmpd without the O cannot donate H's like alcohol can to form H bonds with water

11. Can a charged particle be detected by two anodes?

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12. Why are bonds between H and another atom shorter compared to most?
Well F = GmM/R^2 and force = mg so equating those together g = GM/R^2
Ease of polarizability of the molecule and thus increasing molecular weight of mass
H has a small atomic radius
Vertically; perpendicular to all surfaces

13. What is the net result on a nucleus when you absorb a deuturon and emit a neutron?
When you have central atom with six ions on it
Dipole moment; the attractive forces holding them together in liquid state are London or dispersion forces
Only temperature of the water bath
The nucleus gains a proton and no neutrons

14. As a balloon rises in a tank of water what happens to the temperature inside it? Why would this happen?
It decreases; the work done by the gas in expanding decreases its internal energy
Positron because this is known as positron decay/electron capture
Total internal reflection
Quantum number that dictates the shape of an orbital; how many angular nodes are present? Spherical shape with no angular nodes thus you have 0 for angular momentum quantum number

15. What is usually conserved over oscillation periods?
That they are catalysts in the rxn because they react with the substrate and are reformed
Electron shell number
Energy
P = F(v) = mg(v -terminal)

16. Friction is caused by what?
Find how many mol of Ni is available and CO3 available and see which one has lowest number and that's how many moles
Attractive molecular forces acting between material surfaces in contact
1000
That of static friction; there is a net accelerating force on the block once it starts to slide

17. What energy conversion describes best what takes place in a battery-powered resistive circuit?
The height of the liquid above it ; blood pressure increases because of the force of gravity (P= (density)g(height)
Battery starts off chemical and creates an electrical current which creates thermal energy in the resistors
When all the external forces = zero
The mass number stays the number but the atomic number decreases by one - usually resulting in another element

18. An oxidation-reduction rxn that occurs spontaneously has what kind of E^o for the cell?
A salt and water
Positive
Attractive molecular forces acting between material surfaces in contact
T = (2h/g)^1/2; distance = vt

19. If you have a decrease of pressure to which side of the equation is it equilibrium shifted towards? What about if you increase temperature?

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20. What type of acid and base would produce a pH closest to 7?
You should look for the two substances that appear to be equal in structure - with no structural differences (or as little as possible)
Strong acid and strong base/ weak acid and weak base
Yes - if the particle's trail is equidistant between two adjacent anodes
Alkali metals = first column

21. A floating ice cube implies that it's weight is balanced by what?
A constant force on a mass causes it to have a constant acceleration
Only temperature of the water bath
Zero
The buoyant force on it; W = mg = pVg

22. What is the law of conservation of linear momentum?
P = F(v) = mg(v -terminal)
Mv = mv
Where an event took place
NO; reduction-oxidation

23. What gas is evolved when copper is placed in a nitric acid (HNO3) solution? This is what type of rxn?
C: series = 1/C + 1/C = 1/C; parallel = C + C = C R: series: R+R = R; parallel = 1/R + 1/R = 1/R
Negative
It's weight = mg; the work would be the weight times the distance fell
NO; reduction-oxidation

24. In a rxn - how do you figure out which atom has the highest electron affinity?
Polar
Look at the reactants and see which atom is being reduced - since it accepts the electron readily and is reduced we can assume it has the highest electron affinity
It will take longer to melt if the water bath is only at 90 degrees rather than 100 degrees because at 100 degrees the temperature is hotter and thus it will melt faster than at 90 degrees
The path is longer on the inclined plane so it will take object longer to reach the bottom

25. At the moment of explosion of an object - what is its momementum? Why? After an explosion what is the total momentum carried by all the fragments?
Its momentum is zero because velocity is zero; zero because of conservation of momentum
Colligative: it depends on the number of solute molecules in a given volume of water
C: series = 1/C + 1/C = 1/C; parallel = C + C = C R: series: R+R = R; parallel = 1/R + 1/R = 1/R
You look at how many electrons are needed to reduce one cmpd and that number will be put in front of that cmpd and you do the same thing that's oxidized as well: review #38 on test #11

26. A saturated solution of KNO3 means what? If you add salt that has any of these two ions what will happen? What is this called?
It will take longer to melt if the water bath is only at 90 degrees rather than 100 degrees because at 100 degrees the temperature is hotter and thus it will melt faster than at 90 degrees
6.02 x 10^23 ions/mol
When HIn is turned into In- - which is dependent upon the pKa of the indicator
There is the maximum amount of K and NO3 ions; crystals will precipitate out; common-ion effect

27. If you are given a table of substances and are told to find which two show effect of molecular weight on melting point alone - which two substances should you look for?
It's weight = mg; the work would be the weight times the distance fell
You should look for the two substances that appear to be equal in structure - with no structural differences (or as little as possible)
It will increase as well because they are directly related - only if pressure is kept constant
An odd number

28. How do you balance redox rxns?

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29. How do the final velocities differ if a sphere is dropped from a distance rather than rolled down an inclined plane?
They do not differ
Electron shell number
The path is longer on the inclined plane so it will take object longer to reach the bottom
Gravity

30. The Ksp for a substance of AaBb is what?
Yes - if the particle's trail is equidistant between two adjacent anodes
[A]^a[B]^b
Only temperature of the water bath
Faraday/electrons

31. Regarding M(OH)2 and you have solubility (S) - what would the Ksp be?
A function of the total number of molecules; if there is one mol of CO2 for every 2 mol of H20 then H20 is 2/3 the total pressure
[S][2S]^2 = 4S^3
Yes - if the particle's trail is equidistant between two adjacent anodes
Cathode; anode

32. What is newton's second law?
A constant force on a mass causes it to have a constant acceleration
When you have central atom with six ions on it
In the presence of a base
Ease of polarizability of the molecule and thus increasing molecular weight of mass

33. When you are trying to find the buyoancy force of water on a lead object what density do you use in the equation B = pVg? what volume?
The density of the water and volume of the lead object
Constant to overcome the heat of fusion (solid to liquid state)
0 Hz because they are traveling side by side at the same speed
A current; a magnetic field into a curved path; the charge and mass of the incoming particle and can be effectively used to distinguish different species of particles from one another

34. How do you find the equiv capacitance of capacitors in series and parallel? What about if you are trying to find equivalent resistance?
Add them together
It will be reduced the voltage produced by the resistor which means IR; E- IR
C: series = 1/C + 1/C = 1/C; parallel = C + C = C R: series: R+R = R; parallel = 1/R + 1/R = 1/R
The lowest amt than any of the other cmpds with a higher carbon to oxygen ratio

35. Beta decay is the same as what?
That they are catalysts in the rxn because they react with the substrate and are reformed
Positron emission
Quantum number that dictates the shape of an orbital; how many angular nodes are present? Spherical shape with no angular nodes thus you have 0 for angular momentum quantum number
P = F(v) = mg(v -terminal)

36. How do you find length of time something is in flight? How do you find distance it traveled?
400 to 700 nm
T = (2h/g)^1/2; distance = vt
The buoyant force on it; W = mg = pVg
How strong a base is

37. If the equation says that the E^o has (-) voltage when being reduced - but it is being oxidized in the problem - what does the voltage then become?
Dipole moment; the attractive forces holding them together in liquid state are London or dispersion forces
It decreases; the work done by the gas in expanding decreases its internal energy
(+)
400 to 700 nm

38. Terminal voltage is provided to what?
External components of the circuit
Decreasing potential energy
The lowest whole number ratio of moles of each element in a mole of a cmpd
The force along the board to the normal force

39. What is one faraday equal to?
It's weight = mg; h
Sp^3
One mole of electric charge
Energy

40. Melting occurs at what type of temperature? Why?
Ability to locate an event in space
Well F = GmM/R^2 and force = mg so equating those together g = GM/R^2
Constant to overcome the heat of fusion (solid to liquid state)
H = negative and S = positive

41. When looking at which combo of acids and bases will result in a solution with pH of 7 what do we look for?
You should look for the two substances that appear to be equal in structure - with no structural differences (or as little as possible)
E = (kq)/r^2
The cmpd without the O cannot donate H's like alcohol can to form H bonds with water
The Ka or Kb that has an exponent closest to 7 because pKa + pKb = pKw and pKw = 14

42. If both weight and bouyant force are dependent on g - that makes g independent of what?
(density[p])(volume)
Light is absorbed and re-emitted by the atomic structure of the optically dense medium
The volume of the ice cube or whatever it is
1) Young's Modulus 2) Shear Modulus 3) Bulk Modulus

43. What is the equation for pressure?
Density (gravitational constant) height
1000
1) Young's Modulus 2) Shear Modulus 3) Bulk Modulus
It is a rxn where you mix aqueous solutions of cations and anions and the ionic cmpds switch the ions with which they were paired

44. What is the hybridization of oxygen in water and other oxygens similar to water with two bonds and two lone pairs of electrons?
Gravity
Sp^3
A salt and water
Add them together

45. Neither N2 or O2 have a permanent what? What does this mean?
L = wavelength/2 so L= (wavelength)(2)
It minimizes the reabsorption of the light because the light must exit the scintillator to reach the photomultiplier where it is converted to an electrical pulse
A positron or electron; when atomic number goes up you know an electron has been emitted
Dipole moment; the attractive forces holding them together in liquid state are London or dispersion forces

46. What is the angular momentum quantum number (l)? It is the same as what? What does an S orbital appear to look like? What would it's (l) be?
Quantum number that dictates the shape of an orbital; how many angular nodes are present? Spherical shape with no angular nodes thus you have 0 for angular momentum quantum number
V/m or N/C
NO; reduction-oxidation
It minimizes the reabsorption of the light because the light must exit the scintillator to reach the photomultiplier where it is converted to an electrical pulse

47. The electrons emitted from cathode are replaced with what?
Electrons from anode and battery
You see how many moles of each are present and the one with the least is limiting; calculate how many grams/moles of a product will be made
That they are catalysts in the rxn because they react with the substrate and are reformed
The part where it's straight almost up before it curves to plateau at new pH; it can tell you what indicator you could use to detect the equivalence point

48. What color is above 656 nm?
Red
Well F = GmM/R^2 and force = mg so equating those together g = GM/R^2
When HIn is turned into In- - which is dependent upon the pKa of the indicator
Ease of polarizability of the molecule and thus increasing molecular weight of mass

49. The number of incident photons on the cathode affect what?
Wavelength: (change in y)/(y) = v/c frequency: (change in f)/(f) = -v/c
Light is absorbed and re-emitted by the atomic structure of the optically dense medium
You should look for the two substances that appear to be equal in structure - with no structural differences (or as little as possible)
The number of electrons emitted

50. So if you are given an equation and it gives you the E^o for both side equations seen in the big equation - what do you do with them?
Add them together
The mass of an acid that yields one mole of H ions or the mass of a base that reacts with one mole of H ions
6.02 x 10^23 ions/mol
When you have central atom with six ions on it