DSST Physical Sciences2

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. When looking at which combo of acids and bases will result in a solution with pH of 7 what do we look for?
The Ka or Kb that has an exponent closest to 7 because pKa + pKb = pKw and pKw = 14
It will take longer to melt if the water bath is only at 90 degrees rather than 100 degrees because at 100 degrees the temperature is hotter and thus it will melt faster than at 90 degrees
3+
400 to 700 nm


2. Half-sine wave shape is what kind of wavelength with regards to length?
Alkali metals = first column
L = wavelength/2 so L= (wavelength)(2)
Dipole moment; the attractive forces holding them together in liquid state are London or dispersion forces
When electron falls from high energy to low energy level


3. What happens if an atom undergoes positron decay or electron capture?
How strong a base is
It will be reduced the voltage produced by the resistor which means IR; E- IR
The mass number stays the number but the atomic number decreases by one - usually resulting in another element
You look at what is being oxidized and reduced in the problem


4. If any species is gotten rid of when combining two equations of chemical rxns together what can you conclude about those species?
Voltage
NO; reduction-oxidation
That they are catalysts in the rxn because they react with the substrate and are reformed
When HIn is turned into In- - which is dependent upon the pKa of the indicator


5. How many mL is in one liter?
1000
Look at how many times smaller the H concentration becomes with relation to rate law: if rate law says [H] is second order: ((10^-2)^2/(10^-1)^2 = 10^-2 and then times that answer by the original rate
(+)
How much energy is needed to raise one gram of a substance one degree celcius; it tells that you need more energy to increase temperature


6. The freezing point of an aqueous solution is what kind of property? What does this mean?
T = (2h/g)^1/2; distance = vt
Colligative: it depends on the number of solute molecules in a given volume of water
Zero
Quantum number that dictates the shape of an orbital; how many angular nodes are present? Spherical shape with no angular nodes thus you have 0 for angular momentum quantum number


7. A plane mirror produces an image where?
At an equal distance behind it as the object is in front of the mirror
Mag and direction
The number of electrons emitted
A constant force on a mass causes it to have a constant acceleration


8. How would you find rate of rxn from pH 1 to pH2?
Look at how many times smaller the H concentration becomes with relation to rate law: if rate law says [H] is second order: ((10^-2)^2/(10^-1)^2 = 10^-2 and then times that answer by the original rate
P = F(v) = mg(v -terminal)
B = pVg; density
P = IV


9. If something is very toxic to a human - what Ksp value should it have for it to be the safest?
It's weight = mg; h
The lowest one
Zero
It can also equal 'mg'; the compressive strength of a substance


10. What is the magnetic quantum number?
You should look for the two substances that appear to be equal in structure - with no structural differences (or as little as possible)
Zero
It will be reduced the voltage produced by the resistor which means IR; E- IR
-l to +l


11. The equivalence pt is what part of the titration curve? Thus looking at the range of change between the pH values along this part of the graph can tell you what?

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12. What is the equation for a period (T)? What is the equation for angular velocity?
No - it increases the speed at which the rxn reaches that equilibrium
It decreases; the work done by the gas in expanding decreases its internal energy
There is the maximum amount of K and NO3 ions; crystals will precipitate out; common-ion effect
T = 2pi/angular velocity; v/r


13. The coefficient of kinetic friction is always lower than what? Therefore what?
You look at how many electrons are needed to reduce one cmpd and that number will be put in front of that cmpd and you do the same thing that's oxidized as well: review #38 on test #11
Shorter than it should be so rays from a distant object form in front of retina; use divergent lens
That of static friction; there is a net accelerating force on the block once it starts to slide
Total internal reflection


14. Does the temperature of a water bath or amount of water in a water bath determines if a substance melts?
Isolating an atom from minerals by decomposing the minerals with an electric current
There is the maximum amount of K and NO3 ions; crystals will precipitate out; common-ion effect
Only temperature of the water bath
Add them together


15. If the source of sound and the listener are traveling side by side at the same speed - what will the change in freq heard by the listener be?
0 Hz because they are traveling side by side at the same speed
They increase because you hear a lower frequency
P = IV
The density of the water and volume of the lead object


16. If you have a decrease of pressure to which side of the equation is it equilibrium shifted towards? What about if you increase temperature?

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17. What is Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation?
B = pVg; density
7 always!!!
F = GMm/r^2
Accelerated by a higher voltage between the cathode and anode


18. When something is falling what is the force acting on it? Thus what would be the work done?

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19. Considering the answer in the last slide - what kind of a solution would have a lower freezing pt?
400 to 700 nm
One that has more solute particles per liter of solution
Colligative: it depends on the number of solute molecules in a given volume of water
0 Hz because they are traveling side by side at the same speed


20. Always remember that velocity has ____ and ____
At an equal distance behind it as the object is in front of the mirror
Mag and direction
They must balance
It experiences a constant electric force of qE and will thus accelerate towards the positive plate


21. What is the hybridization of oxygen in water and other oxygens similar to water with two bonds and two lone pairs of electrons?
Total internal reflection
(density[p])(volume)
It decreases; the work done by the gas in expanding decreases its internal energy
Sp^3


22. In order to increase the kinetic energy of electrons - they must be what?
The force along the board to the normal force
That it is negative
They must balance
Accelerated by a higher voltage between the cathode and anode


23. How do you find the equiv capacitance of capacitors in series and parallel? What about if you are trying to find equivalent resistance?
How much energy is needed to raise one gram of a substance one degree celcius; it tells that you need more energy to increase temperature
-l to +l
C: series = 1/C + 1/C = 1/C; parallel = C + C = C R: series: R+R = R; parallel = 1/R + 1/R = 1/R
+/- 1/2


24. What is conserved in an inellastic collision?
Well F = GmM/R^2 and force = mg so equating those together g = GM/R^2
Momentum
Constant; stress/strain = (F/A)/ (change in L/L) = straight line withe positive slope that stays constant
H has a small atomic radius


25. Terminal voltage is provided to what?
Look at how many times smaller the H concentration becomes with relation to rate law: if rate law says [H] is second order: ((10^-2)^2/(10^-1)^2 = 10^-2 and then times that answer by the original rate
When electron falls from high energy to low energy level
The regular one
External components of the circuit


26. What is one faraday equal to?
A current; a magnetic field into a curved path; the charge and mass of the incoming particle and can be effectively used to distinguish different species of particles from one another
Until all of it has been melted because energy is going into it to melt it not to change temperature during its melting
The blood pressure in the leg is greater because the column between the arm and the leg has a hydrostatic pressure
One mole of electric charge


27. In PV=nRT - if temp increases what will happen to volume?
A saturated solution in which the aqueous ions are in equilibrium with the solid
Faraday/electrons
External components of the circuit
It will increase as well because they are directly related - only if pressure is kept constant


28. If you have longer wavelengths how is their freq and energy compared to shorter wavelengths?
Wavelength: (change in y)/(y) = v/c frequency: (change in f)/(f) = -v/c
When HIn is turned into In- - which is dependent upon the pKa of the indicator
In the presence of a base
Their freq is smaller and energy is smaller; when wavelength is smaller freq is larger and higher energy = more dangerous


29. A saturated solution of KNO3 means what? If you add salt that has any of these two ions what will happen? What is this called?
The nucleus gains a proton and no neutrons
There is the maximum amount of K and NO3 ions; crystals will precipitate out; common-ion effect
Colligative; the number of solute particles present
P = F(v) = mg(v -terminal)


30. When the source of a sound is flying away from you what happens to the wavelengths from peak to peak?
They increase because you hear a lower frequency
It is a rxn where you mix aqueous solutions of cations and anions and the ionic cmpds switch the ions with which they were paired
Until all of it has been melted because energy is going into it to melt it not to change temperature during its melting
The cross-sectional area through which the fluid flows


31. What is the law of conservation of linear momentum?
The current is the same
Look at the reactants and see which atom is being reduced - since it accepts the electron readily and is reduced we can assume it has the highest electron affinity
A constant force on a mass causes it to have a constant acceleration
Mv = mv


32. What is the angular momentum quantum number (l)? It is the same as what? What does an S orbital appear to look like? What would it's (l) be?
Isolating an atom from minerals by decomposing the minerals with an electric current
The lowest amt than any of the other cmpds with a higher carbon to oxygen ratio
Quantum number that dictates the shape of an orbital; how many angular nodes are present? Spherical shape with no angular nodes thus you have 0 for angular momentum quantum number
No - it increases the speed at which the rxn reaches that equilibrium


33. The volume of an object is equal to water?
Total internal reflection
One that has more solute particles per liter of solution
It's weight = mg; the work would be the weight times the distance fell
Liquid displaced by that object


34. What does the empirical formula show?
Yes because ionic zinc has oxidation of (2+) and Zn is easily oxidized so it will displace H and ZnCl2 will be formed
You look at what is being oxidized and reduced in the problem
Look at the reactants and see which atom is being reduced - since it accepts the electron readily and is reduced we can assume it has the highest electron affinity
The lowest whole number ratio of moles of each element in a mole of a cmpd


35. What are the three separate module for tensile stress - shear stress - and compression/expansion?

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36. Why are bonds between H and another atom shorter compared to most?
H has a small atomic radius
Isolating an atom from minerals by decomposing the minerals with an electric current
The Ka or Kb that has an exponent closest to 7 because pKa + pKb = pKw and pKw = 14
You see how many moles of each are present and the one with the least is limiting; calculate how many grams/moles of a product will be made


37. What is the principal quantum number (n)?
Isolating an atom from minerals by decomposing the minerals with an electric current
Electron shell number
Quantum number that dictates the shape of an orbital; how many angular nodes are present? Spherical shape with no angular nodes thus you have 0 for angular momentum quantum number
A saturated solution in which the aqueous ions are in equilibrium with the solid


38. As a balloon rises in a tank of water what happens to the temperature inside it? Why would this happen?
In the presence of a base
Its momentum is zero because velocity is zero; zero because of conservation of momentum
It decreases; the work done by the gas in expanding decreases its internal energy
Electron shell number


39. Charged particles in motion constitute what? Freely moving charges are deflected by what? The curved path depends on what?
[S][2S]^2 = 4S^3
The mass number stays the number but the atomic number decreases by one - usually resulting in another element
A current; a magnetic field into a curved path; the charge and mass of the incoming particle and can be effectively used to distinguish different species of particles from one another
It experiences a constant electric force of qE and will thus accelerate towards the positive plate


40. How do you find moles of a substance when you are given faradays and electrons?
Faraday/electrons
Mag and direction
7 always!!!
It decreases; the work done by the gas in expanding decreases its internal energy


41. Why is it important that the materials used as scintillators are nearly transparent to the wavelength of light they emit?
It's weight = mg; the work would be the weight times the distance fell
Ability to locate an event in space
It minimizes the reabsorption of the light because the light must exit the scintillator to reach the photomultiplier where it is converted to an electrical pulse
Alkali metals = first column


42. Can a catalyst shift equilibrium?
No - it increases the speed at which the rxn reaches that equilibrium
It will be reduced the voltage produced by the resistor which means IR; E- IR
Red
A constant force on a mass causes it to have a constant acceleration


43. In a galvanic and electrolytic cell - reduction of an ion occurs where? Oxidation of an ion occurs where?
The mass number stays the number but the atomic number decreases by one - usually resulting in another element
The nucleus gains a proton and no neutrons
Cathode; anode
Positron emission


44. The electrical force on a particle depends on what?

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45. How do the final velocities differ if a sphere is dropped from a distance rather than rolled down an inclined plane?
It is a rxn where you mix aqueous solutions of cations and anions and the ionic cmpds switch the ions with which they were paired
It's weight = mg; h
They do not differ
P = IV


46. For a given flow rate - the speed of fluid flow is inversely proportional to what?
[S][2S]^2 = 4S^3
The cross-sectional area through which the fluid flows
The height of the liquid above it ; blood pressure increases because of the force of gravity (P= (density)g(height)
The number of electrons emitted


47. When you are trying to find the buyoancy force of water on a lead object what density do you use in the equation B = pVg? what volume?
The density of the water and volume of the lead object
How strong a base is
V/m or N/C
Colligative: it depends on the number of solute molecules in a given volume of water


48. The free energy change (G) must be negative when what?
Colligative: it depends on the number of solute molecules in a given volume of water
Their freq is smaller and energy is smaller; when wavelength is smaller freq is larger and higher energy = more dangerous
H = negative and S = positive
A positron or electron; when atomic number goes up you know an electron has been emitted


49. The electrons emitted from cathode are replaced with what?
Ease of polarizability of the molecule and thus increasing molecular weight of mass
Gravity
How much energy is needed to raise one gram of a substance one degree celcius; it tells that you need more energy to increase temperature
Electrons from anode and battery


50. What type of acid and base would produce a pH closest to 7?
An odd number
Strong acid and strong base/ weak acid and weak base
Their freq is smaller and energy is smaller; when wavelength is smaller freq is larger and higher energy = more dangerous
B = pVg; density