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DSST Physical Sciences2

Subjects : dsst, science

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Neither N2 or O2 have a permanent what? What does this mean?
The element's mass number
How much energy is needed to raise one gram of a substance one degree celcius; it tells that you need more energy to increase temperature
Dipole moment; the attractive forces holding them together in liquid state are London or dispersion forces
The density of the water and volume of the lead object

2. As a balloon rises in a tank of water what happens to the temperature inside it? Why would this happen?
Look at how many times smaller the H concentration becomes with relation to rate law: if rate law says [H] is second order: ((10^-2)^2/(10^-1)^2 = 10^-2 and then times that answer by the original rate
It decreases; the work done by the gas in expanding decreases its internal energy
Dipole moment; the attractive forces holding them together in liquid state are London or dispersion forces
P = F(v) = mg(v -terminal)

3. What gas is evolved when copper is placed in a nitric acid (HNO3) solution? This is what type of rxn?
Electron shell number
NO; reduction-oxidation
Mag and direction
(density[p])(volume)

4. What happens to a negatively charged particle put between two parallel plates?
It experiences a constant electric force of qE and will thus accelerate towards the positive plate
NO; reduction-oxidation
It will take longer to melt if the water bath is only at 90 degrees rather than 100 degrees because at 100 degrees the temperature is hotter and thus it will melt faster than at 90 degrees
The current is the same

5. What does the empirical formula show?
Polar
The lowest whole number ratio of moles of each element in a mole of a cmpd
Electrons from anode and battery
When you have central atom with six ions on it

6. Beta decay is the same as what?
Positron emission
When electron falls from high energy to low energy level
When HIn is turned into In- - which is dependent upon the pKa of the indicator
The volume of the ice cube or whatever it is

7. The force on an electrical charge is what?
When electron falls from high energy to low energy level
Colligative: it depends on the number of solute molecules in a given volume of water
F =ma and F= qE
The element's mass number

8. Why is it important that the materials used as scintillators are nearly transparent to the wavelength of light they emit?
It will be reduced the voltage produced by the resistor which means IR; E- IR
It minimizes the reabsorption of the light because the light must exit the scintillator to reach the photomultiplier where it is converted to an electrical pulse
PbCO2 is less soluble than PbI - and PbI less soluble than PbSO4; CO2 - then I - then SO4
Positron emission

9. The equivalence pt is what part of the titration curve? Thus looking at the range of change between the pH values along this part of the graph can tell you what?

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10. How do you find length of time something is in flight? How do you find distance it traveled?
The Ka or Kb that has an exponent closest to 7 because pKa + pKb = pKw and pKw = 14
T = (2h/g)^1/2; distance = vt
(density[p])(volume)
A positron or electron; when atomic number goes up you know an electron has been emitted

11. What is the angular momentum quantum number (l)? It is the same as what? What does an S orbital appear to look like? What would it's (l) be?
Positive
Quantum number that dictates the shape of an orbital; how many angular nodes are present? Spherical shape with no angular nodes thus you have 0 for angular momentum quantum number
Colligative; the number of solute particles present
Zero

12. If you have a decrease of pressure to which side of the equation is it equilibrium shifted towards? What about if you increase temperature?

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13. Why does light travel slower in an optically dense medium than through a vacuum?
The number of electrons emitted
Light is absorbed and re-emitted by the atomic structure of the optically dense medium
It decreases; the work done by the gas in expanding decreases its internal energy
Mag and direction

14. What happens if an atom undergoes positron decay or electron capture?
The lowest one
Constant; stress/strain = (F/A)/ (change in L/L) = straight line withe positive slope that stays constant
The mass number stays the number but the atomic number decreases by one - usually resulting in another element
There is the maximum amount of K and NO3 ions; crystals will precipitate out; common-ion effect

15. If you are told to find the maximum number of NiCo3 that can form how do you do that?

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16. What direction do gravity and bouyancy work? What direction does water pressure work?
Vertically; perpendicular to all surfaces
A current; a magnetic field into a curved path; the charge and mass of the incoming particle and can be effectively used to distinguish different species of particles from one another
Alkali metals = first column
F = GMm/r^2

17. What is conserved in an inellastic collision?
How much energy is needed to raise one gram of a substance one degree celcius; it tells that you need more energy to increase temperature
V/m or N/C
The blood pressure in the leg is greater because the column between the arm and the leg has a hydrostatic pressure
Momentum

18. When does red litmus paper turn blue?
In the presence of a base
F = GMm/r^2
The cross-sectional area through which the fluid flows
Its momentum is zero because velocity is zero; zero because of conservation of momentum

19. Why would a solution with unfilled orbitals be responsible for turning a solution a certian color?
Helium; 4
When all the external forces = zero
It can absorb light that lets other electrons fill those orbitals
It's weight = mg; the work would be the weight times the distance fell

20. What kind of geometry is octahedral?
When you have central atom with six ions on it
You look at what is being oxidized and reduced in the problem
P = IV
Cathode; anode

21. Half-sine wave shape is what kind of wavelength with regards to length?
It minimizes the reabsorption of the light because the light must exit the scintillator to reach the photomultiplier where it is converted to an electrical pulse
L = wavelength/2 so L= (wavelength)(2)
You look at what is being oxidized and reduced in the problem
Attractive molecular forces acting between material surfaces in contact

22. If you have longer wavelengths how is their freq and energy compared to shorter wavelengths?
Dipole moment; the attractive forces holding them together in liquid state are London or dispersion forces
Strong acid and strong base/ weak acid and weak base
Their freq is smaller and energy is smaller; when wavelength is smaller freq is larger and higher energy = more dangerous
W = F(displacement)

23. A nearsighted person has what type of focal length? Thus what do we do to correct this?
The mass number stays the number but the atomic number decreases by one - usually resulting in another element
A constant force on a mass causes it to have a constant acceleration
W = F(displacement)
Shorter than it should be so rays from a distant object form in front of retina; use divergent lens

24. What color is above 656 nm?
Isolating an atom from minerals by decomposing the minerals with an electric current
A constant force on a mass causes it to have a constant acceleration
It has a positive oxidation potential so it is easily oxidized
Red

25. In general what is formed by an acid-base rxn?
Vertically; perpendicular to all surfaces
Density (gravitational constant) height
A salt and water
0 Hz because they are traveling side by side at the same speed

26. If melting pt of a substance is 80 degrees - then what is the diff in time the substance melts when it is either placed in 100 degree test tube and 90 degree test tube?
Energy
Polar
The lowest one
It will take longer to melt if the water bath is only at 90 degrees rather than 100 degrees because at 100 degrees the temperature is hotter and thus it will melt faster than at 90 degrees

27. Does the temperature of a water bath or amount of water in a water bath determines if a substance melts?
The element's mass number
The reaction between the base and water
Only temperature of the water bath
F = GMm/r^2

28. When you are trying to find the buyoancy force of water on a lead object what density do you use in the equation B = pVg? what volume?
It can also equal 'mg'; the compressive strength of a substance
3+
Faraday/electrons
The density of the water and volume of the lead object

29. How do you find moles of a substance when you are given faradays and electrons?
Faraday/electrons
It minimizes the reabsorption of the light because the light must exit the scintillator to reach the photomultiplier where it is converted to an electrical pulse
There is the maximum amount of K and NO3 ions; crystals will precipitate out; common-ion effect
A positron or electron; when atomic number goes up you know an electron has been emitted

30. Thus is Zn (which has positive oxidation potential) reacts with HCl - will any rxn take place?
It's weight = mg; the work would be the weight times the distance fell
A positron or electron; when atomic number goes up you know an electron has been emitted
Mass number stays the same but the atomic number increases
Yes because ionic zinc has oxidation of (2+) and Zn is easily oxidized so it will displace H and ZnCl2 will be formed

31. Why are bonds between H and another atom shorter compared to most?
H has a small atomic radius
It decreases; the work done by the gas in expanding decreases its internal energy
At an equal distance behind it as the object is in front of the mirror
3+

32. How would you find rate of rxn from pH 1 to pH2?
Half of the exponent
Cathode; anode
Colligative; the number of solute particles present
Look at how many times smaller the H concentration becomes with relation to rate law: if rate law says [H] is second order: ((10^-2)^2/(10^-1)^2 = 10^-2 and then times that answer by the original rate

33. A cmpd with the lowest carbon to oxygen ratio will require how much oxygen for combustion?
The lowest amt than any of the other cmpds with a higher carbon to oxygen ratio
That they are catalysts in the rxn because they react with the substrate and are reformed
Isolating an atom from minerals by decomposing the minerals with an electric current
Find how many mol of Ni is available and CO3 available and see which one has lowest number and that's how many moles

34. How do you find wavelength if you known distance from adjacent crests and troughs?
It can absorb light that lets other electrons fill those orbitals
When all the external forces = zero
(+)
Its twice that distance

35. The closer the spacing of the anode wire - the better one can specify what?
Wavelength: (change in y)/(y) = v/c frequency: (change in f)/(f) = -v/c
V/m or N/C
Ease of polarizability of the molecule and thus increasing molecular weight of mass
Where an event took place

36. How do you find the equiv capacitance of capacitors in series and parallel? What about if you are trying to find equivalent resistance?
Isolating an atom from minerals by decomposing the minerals with an electric current
One that has more solute particles per liter of solution
C: series = 1/C + 1/C = 1/C; parallel = C + C = C R: series: R+R = R; parallel = 1/R + 1/R = 1/R
[A]^a[B]^b

37. What is usually conserved over oscillation periods?
Energy
T = (2h/g)^1/2; distance = vt
The density of the water and volume of the lead object
Dipole moment; the attractive forces holding them together in liquid state are London or dispersion forces

38. When looking at which combo of acids and bases will result in a solution with pH of 7 what do we look for?
Wavelength: (change in y)/(y) = v/c frequency: (change in f)/(f) = -v/c
There is the maximum amount of K and NO3 ions; crystals will precipitate out; common-ion effect
The Ka or Kb that has an exponent closest to 7 because pKa + pKb = pKw and pKw = 14
They are directly proportional

39. When a falling mass is at terminal speed - what is the power expended by the air resistance?
It decreases; the work done by the gas in expanding decreases its internal energy
P = F(v) = mg(v -terminal)
Vertically; perpendicular to all surfaces
Find how many mol of Ni is available and CO3 available and see which one has lowest number and that's how many moles

40. If you are given density and volume how do you find mass?
(density[p])(volume)
Electrons from anode and battery
Their freq is smaller and energy is smaller; when wavelength is smaller freq is larger and higher energy = more dangerous
External components of the circuit

41. If you have an alcohol with OH on the end and then another cmpd with an O in the middle but no H - what is different between the bonds they can make with water?

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42. The basicity constant Kb measures what?
How strong a base is
They do not differ
It decreases; the work done by the gas in expanding decreases its internal energy
Faraday/electrons

43. If you are given a table of substances and are told to find which two show effect of molecular weight on melting point alone - which two substances should you look for?
Zero
You should look for the two substances that appear to be equal in structure - with no structural differences (or as little as possible)
Energy
They must balance

44. So if you have a voltage of 1/4V it will be reduced by what? Thus what will be the equation for the terminal voltage?
The nucleus gains a proton and no neutrons
It will be reduced the voltage produced by the resistor which means IR; E- IR
Momentum
Liquid displaced by that object

45. So if you are given an equation and it gives you the E^o for both side equations seen in the big equation - what do you do with them?
From peak to peak
Add them together
A saturated solution in which the aqueous ions are in equilibrium with the solid
It decreases; the work done by the gas in expanding decreases its internal energy

46. What happens to the atomic number and atomic mass of an element that go under Beta decay or positron emission?
You see how many moles of each are present and the one with the least is limiting; calculate how many grams/moles of a product will be made
Mass number stays the same but the atomic number increases
They increase because you hear a lower frequency
H = negative and S = positive

47. A pendulum moves under the influence of what?
Dipole moment; the attractive forces holding them together in liquid state are London or dispersion forces
You should look for the two substances that appear to be equal in structure - with no structural differences (or as little as possible)
The path is longer on the inclined plane so it will take object longer to reach the bottom
Gravity

48. What does specific heat of a substance tell you? Thus what does a higher specific heat tell you?
How much energy is needed to raise one gram of a substance one degree celcius; it tells that you need more energy to increase temperature
Faraday/electrons
H = negative and S = positive
3+

49. In PV=nRT - if temp increases what will happen to volume?
It minimizes the reabsorption of the light because the light must exit the scintillator to reach the photomultiplier where it is converted to an electrical pulse
It will increase as well because they are directly related - only if pressure is kept constant
P = IV
A constant force on a mass causes it to have a constant acceleration

50. Is the work done by air resistance - positive or negative?
Negative
One mole of electric charge
H = negative and S = positive
When HIn is turned into In- - which is dependent upon the pKa of the indicator