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DSST Physical Sciences2

Subjects : dsst, science

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Charged particles in motion constitute what? Freely moving charges are deflected by what? The curved path depends on what?
T = 2pi/angular velocity; v/r
A current; a magnetic field into a curved path; the charge and mass of the incoming particle and can be effectively used to distinguish different species of particles from one another
The cross-sectional area through which the fluid flows
Ability to locate an event in space

2. The volume of an object is equal to water?
It experiences a constant electric force of qE and will thus accelerate towards the positive plate
Liquid displaced by that object
You look at what is being oxidized and reduced in the problem
From peak to peak

3. How do you find moles of a substance when you are given faradays and electrons?
Look at how many times smaller the H concentration becomes with relation to rate law: if rate law says [H] is second order: ((10^-2)^2/(10^-1)^2 = 10^-2 and then times that answer by the original rate
E = (kq)/r^2
Faraday/electrons
Energy

4. When does red litmus paper turn blue?
You look at how many electrons are needed to reduce one cmpd and that number will be put in front of that cmpd and you do the same thing that's oxidized as well: review #38 on test #11
In the presence of a base
Ease of polarizability of the molecule and thus increasing molecular weight of mass
The current is the same

5. How would you find rate of rxn from pH 1 to pH2?
Vertically; perpendicular to all surfaces
Look at how many times smaller the H concentration becomes with relation to rate law: if rate law says [H] is second order: ((10^-2)^2/(10^-1)^2 = 10^-2 and then times that answer by the original rate
The regular one
Helium; 4

6. Acetic acid is a ______ solvent
Constant to overcome the heat of fusion (solid to liquid state)
Polar
You should look for the two substances that appear to be equal in structure - with no structural differences (or as little as possible)
A positron or electron; when atomic number goes up you know an electron has been emitted

7. In a healthy person standing at rest - a comparison of arterial blood pressure measured in the arm with that in the leg - shows what about the differences between these pressures?
The reaction between the base and water
Cathode; anode
Only temperature of the water bath
The blood pressure in the leg is greater because the column between the arm and the leg has a hydrostatic pressure

8. What type of acid and base would produce a pH closest to 7?
6.02 x 10^23 ions/mol
[S][2S]^2 = 4S^3
Strong acid and strong base/ weak acid and weak base
Yes - if the particle's trail is equidistant between two adjacent anodes

9. Hydrogen has what kind of standard oxidation or reduction potential?
H = negative and S = positive
They do not differ
Vertically; perpendicular to all surfaces
Zero

10. The freezing point of an aqueous solution is what kind of property? What does this mean?
6.02 x 10^23 ions/mol
It can absorb light that lets other electrons fill those orbitals
Total internal reflection
Colligative: it depends on the number of solute molecules in a given volume of water

11. If you have a decrease of pressure to which side of the equation is it equilibrium shifted towards? What about if you increase temperature?

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12. What do electrolytic techniques involve?
The element's mass number
Isolating an atom from minerals by decomposing the minerals with an electric current
It can also equal 'mg'; the compressive strength of a substance
That of static friction; there is a net accelerating force on the block once it starts to slide

13. What is conserved in an inellastic collision?
There is the maximum amount of K and NO3 ions; crystals will precipitate out; common-ion effect
Momentum
Force times the distance over which the force acts
Helium; 4

14. The number of incident photons on the cathode affect what?
The number of electrons emitted
The force along the board to the normal force
[A]^a[B]^b
Look at how many times smaller the H concentration becomes with relation to rate law: if rate law says [H] is second order: ((10^-2)^2/(10^-1)^2 = 10^-2 and then times that answer by the original rate

15. F in the Young's modulus equation can also equal what? What is E?

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16. What happens if an atom undergoes positron decay or electron capture?
Faraday/electrons
F = GMm/r^2
The mass number stays the number but the atomic number decreases by one - usually resulting in another element
Look at how many times smaller the H concentration becomes with relation to rate law: if rate law says [H] is second order: ((10^-2)^2/(10^-1)^2 = 10^-2 and then times that answer by the original rate

17. Equivalent mass is what?
Constant to overcome the heat of fusion (solid to liquid state)
You see how many moles of each are present and the one with the least is limiting; calculate how many grams/moles of a product will be made
Its intensity in the spectrum
The mass of an acid that yields one mole of H ions or the mass of a base that reacts with one mole of H ions

18. In radioactive decay the atomic number (A) and mass number (Z) must what?
Add them together
They must balance
Its twice that distance
A current; a magnetic field into a curved path; the charge and mass of the incoming particle and can be effectively used to distinguish different species of particles from one another

19. What does spatial resolution refer to?
The nucleus gains a proton and no neutrons
It has a positive oxidation potential so it is easily oxidized
Density (gravitational constant) height
Ability to locate an event in space

20. What kind of metals react violently with water?
That they are catalysts in the rxn because they react with the substrate and are reformed
When you have central atom with six ions on it
It has a positive oxidation potential so it is easily oxidized
Alkali metals = first column

21. When you are trying to calculate a galvanic cell's emf - what do you look at?
They increase because you hear a lower frequency
Look at the reactants and see which atom is being reduced - since it accepts the electron readily and is reduced we can assume it has the highest electron affinity
You look at what is being oxidized and reduced in the problem
How strong a base is

22. How do you find wavelength if you known distance from adjacent crests and troughs?
Its twice that distance
Energy
Alkali metals = first column
Find how many mol of Ni is available and CO3 available and see which one has lowest number and that's how many moles

23. Young's modulus is a ________ for a material. What is it's ratio? What would a graph of it look like?
Constant; stress/strain = (F/A)/ (change in L/L) = straight line withe positive slope that stays constant
Strong acid and strong base/ weak acid and weak base
When HIn is turned into In- - which is dependent upon the pKa of the indicator
Toward the side with more gaseous molecules; towards the side that doesn't give off as much heat (remember heat is given off when molecules are formed and thus (-) enthalpy)

24. if lead is successively preciptated as PbSO4 - PbI - and PbCO2 - which is less soluble than which? Thus which anions will be precipitated first?
L = wavelength/2 so L= (wavelength)(2)
Electron shell number
You look at how many electrons are needed to reduce one cmpd and that number will be put in front of that cmpd and you do the same thing that's oxidized as well: review #38 on test #11
PbCO2 is less soluble than PbI - and PbI less soluble than PbSO4; CO2 - then I - then SO4

25. What is different between an inclined plane and free fall?
The number of electrons emitted
The path is longer on the inclined plane so it will take object longer to reach the bottom
The lowest amt than any of the other cmpds with a higher carbon to oxygen ratio
The force along the board to the normal force

26. The electrical force on a particle depends on what?

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27. What if the circuit elements are in series?
F =ma and F= qE
The current is the same
Its momentum is zero because velocity is zero; zero because of conservation of momentum
The regular one

28. The closer the spacing of the anode wire - the better one can specify what?
It's weight = mg; h
Where an event took place
The cross-sectional area through which the fluid flows
Find how many mol of Ni is available and CO3 available and see which one has lowest number and that's how many moles

29. The coefficient of kinetic friction is always lower than what? Therefore what?
Look at the reactants and see which atom is being reduced - since it accepts the electron readily and is reduced we can assume it has the highest electron affinity
The lowest amt than any of the other cmpds with a higher carbon to oxygen ratio
That of static friction; there is a net accelerating force on the block once it starts to slide
It will be reduced the voltage produced by the resistor which means IR; E- IR

30. What is the doppler equation for wavelength and frequency?
(+)
Electron shell number
Dipole moment; the attractive forces holding them together in liquid state are London or dispersion forces
Wavelength: (change in y)/(y) = v/c frequency: (change in f)/(f) = -v/c

31. What is the principal quantum number (n)?
The Ka or Kb that has an exponent closest to 7 because pKa + pKb = pKw and pKw = 14
You look at what is being oxidized and reduced in the problem
Strong acid and strong base/ weak acid and weak base
Electron shell number

32. Does the temperature of a water bath or amount of water in a water bath determines if a substance melts?
P = IV
Only temperature of the water bath
The regular one
V/m or N/C

33. What is the formula for the power supplied by a battery to accelerate an electron beam?
When all the external forces = zero
P = F(v) = mg(v -terminal)
P = IV
How much energy is needed to raise one gram of a substance one degree celcius; it tells that you need more energy to increase temperature

34. The boiling point of a solution is what type of property? Which means is depends only on what?
Colligative; the number of solute particles present
Constant; stress/strain = (F/A)/ (change in L/L) = straight line withe positive slope that stays constant
The cmpd without the O cannot donate H's like alcohol can to form H bonds with water
The height of the liquid above it ; blood pressure increases because of the force of gravity (P= (density)g(height)

35. How do you find what is the limiting reagent? You can then use the moles of the limiting reagent to calculate what?
Total internal reflection
Yes - if the particle's trail is equidistant between two adjacent anodes
Energy
You see how many moles of each are present and the one with the least is limiting; calculate how many grams/moles of a product will be made

36. How do you find specific gravity of an object?
Mass per unit volume compared to water: so if mass is 15 g and displaces 5g of benzene the ratio of object to liquid mass is 15/5 = 3 and then times 3 by the specific gravity of benzene which is 0.7
It decreases; the work done by the gas in expanding decreases its internal energy
They increase because you hear a lower frequency
The height of the liquid above it ; blood pressure increases because of the force of gravity (P= (density)g(height)

37. What is the spin projection quantum number?
A current; a magnetic field into a curved path; the charge and mass of the incoming particle and can be effectively used to distinguish different species of particles from one another
H has a small atomic radius
You see how many moles of each are present and the one with the least is limiting; calculate how many grams/moles of a product will be made
+/- 1/2

38. Why are bonds between H and another atom shorter compared to most?
H = negative and S = positive
Negative
H has a small atomic radius
The blood pressure in the leg is greater because the column between the arm and the leg has a hydrostatic pressure

39. At the moment of explosion of an object - what is its momementum? Why? After an explosion what is the total momentum carried by all the fragments?
Its momentum is zero because velocity is zero; zero because of conservation of momentum
A function of the total number of molecules; if there is one mol of CO2 for every 2 mol of H20 then H20 is 2/3 the total pressure
The blood pressure in the leg is greater because the column between the arm and the leg has a hydrostatic pressure
You look at what is being oxidized and reduced in the problem

40. What is the equation for a period (T)? What is the equation for angular velocity?
Force times the distance over which the force acts
The blood pressure in the leg is greater because the column between the arm and the leg has a hydrostatic pressure
There is the maximum amount of K and NO3 ions; crystals will precipitate out; common-ion effect
T = 2pi/angular velocity; v/r

41. If you are given a table of substances and are told to find which two show effect of molecular weight on melting point alone - which two substances should you look for?
You should look for the two substances that appear to be equal in structure - with no structural differences (or as little as possible)
One that has more solute particles per liter of solution
E = (kq)/r^2
The mass number stays the number but the atomic number decreases by one - usually resulting in another element

42. The Ksp for a substance of AaBb is what?
Until all of it has been melted because energy is going into it to melt it not to change temperature during its melting
Light is absorbed and re-emitted by the atomic structure of the optically dense medium
They are directly proportional
[A]^a[B]^b

43. Can a catalyst shift equilibrium?
3+
You see how many moles of each are present and the one with the least is limiting; calculate how many grams/moles of a product will be made
A salt and water
No - it increases the speed at which the rxn reaches that equilibrium

44. What is the unit for Young's Modulus?
Pascal (N*m^2)
The lowest one
You look at how many electrons are needed to reduce one cmpd and that number will be put in front of that cmpd and you do the same thing that's oxidized as well: review #38 on test #11
Total internal reflection

45. What kind of geometry is octahedral?
The lowest amt than any of the other cmpds with a higher carbon to oxygen ratio
When you have central atom with six ions on it
Quantum number that dictates the shape of an orbital; how many angular nodes are present? Spherical shape with no angular nodes thus you have 0 for angular momentum quantum number
The Ka or Kb that has an exponent closest to 7 because pKa + pKb = pKw and pKw = 14

46. When an element decreases its atomic number by one what is emitted?
The regular one
[A]^a[B]^b
Positron because this is known as positron decay/electron capture
1) Young's Modulus 2) Shear Modulus 3) Bulk Modulus

47. An oxidation-reduction rxn that occurs spontaneously has what kind of E^o for the cell?
External components of the circuit
The lowest whole number ratio of moles of each element in a mole of a cmpd
Positive
You see how many moles of each are present and the one with the least is limiting; calculate how many grams/moles of a product will be made

48. Why is it important that the materials used as scintillators are nearly transparent to the wavelength of light they emit?
No - it increases the speed at which the rxn reaches that equilibrium
It minimizes the reabsorption of the light because the light must exit the scintillator to reach the photomultiplier where it is converted to an electrical pulse
One mole of electric charge
An odd number

49. If you have an alcohol with OH on the end and then another cmpd with an O in the middle but no H - what is different between the bonds they can make with water?

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50. If any species is gotten rid of when combining two equations of chemical rxns together what can you conclude about those species?
400 to 700 nm
That they are catalysts in the rxn because they react with the substrate and are reformed
You look at what is being oxidized and reduced in the problem
A saturated solution in which the aqueous ions are in equilibrium with the solid