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DSST Physical Sciences2

Subjects : dsst, science

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. If something is very toxic to a human - what Ksp value should it have for it to be the safest?
C: series = 1/C + 1/C = 1/C; parallel = C + C = C R: series: R+R = R; parallel = 1/R + 1/R = 1/R
When all the external forces = zero
The lowest one
B = pVg; density

2. The equivalence pt is what part of the titration curve? Thus looking at the range of change between the pH values along this part of the graph can tell you what?

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3. When you are trying to calculate a galvanic cell's emf - what do you look at?
It can absorb light that lets other electrons fill those orbitals
There is the maximum amount of K and NO3 ions; crystals will precipitate out; common-ion effect
You look at what is being oxidized and reduced in the problem
Mg

4. Regarding M(OH)2 and you have solubility (S) - what would the Ksp be?
[S][2S]^2 = 4S^3
Colligative; the number of solute particles present
Well F = GmM/R^2 and force = mg so equating those together g = GM/R^2
Half of the exponent

5. If the standard potential for a rxn is negative when it is being reduced (thus a negative reduction potential) that means that the resulting atom has what?
It has a positive oxidation potential so it is easily oxidized
T = (2h/g)^1/2; distance = vt
P = IV
Only temperature of the water bath

6. if lead is successively preciptated as PbSO4 - PbI - and PbCO2 - which is less soluble than which? Thus which anions will be precipitated first?
It can absorb light that lets other electrons fill those orbitals
A constant force on a mass causes it to have a constant acceleration
PbCO2 is less soluble than PbI - and PbI less soluble than PbSO4; CO2 - then I - then SO4
Isolating an atom from minerals by decomposing the minerals with an electric current

7. Isotopes have diff number of ______ but same what?
The lowest whole number ratio of moles of each element in a mole of a cmpd
Yes - if the particle's trail is equidistant between two adjacent anodes
T = (2h/g)^1/2; distance = vt
Neutrons; atomic number

8. What is Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation?
F = GMm/r^2
Total internal reflection
They are directly proportional
Isolating an atom from minerals by decomposing the minerals with an electric current

9. The electrical force on a particle depends on what?

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10. In Bohr model of atom when is energy emitted?
Half of the exponent
There is the maximum amount of K and NO3 ions; crystals will precipitate out; common-ion effect
Isolating an atom from minerals by decomposing the minerals with an electric current
When electron falls from high energy to low energy level

11. When looking at which combo of acids and bases will result in a solution with pH of 7 what do we look for?
The Ka or Kb that has an exponent closest to 7 because pKa + pKb = pKw and pKw = 14
T = 2pi/angular velocity; v/r
The mass number stays the number but the atomic number decreases by one - usually resulting in another element
Yes because ionic zinc has oxidation of (2+) and Zn is easily oxidized so it will displace H and ZnCl2 will be formed

12. If melting pt of a substance is 80 degrees - then what is the diff in time the substance melts when it is either placed in 100 degree test tube and 90 degree test tube?
Until all of it has been melted because energy is going into it to melt it not to change temperature during its melting
One that has more solute particles per liter of solution
It will be reduced the voltage produced by the resistor which means IR; E- IR
It will take longer to melt if the water bath is only at 90 degrees rather than 100 degrees because at 100 degrees the temperature is hotter and thus it will melt faster than at 90 degrees

13. A saturated solution of KNO3 means what? If you add salt that has any of these two ions what will happen? What is this called?
There is the maximum amount of K and NO3 ions; crystals will precipitate out; common-ion effect
Find how many mol of Ni is available and CO3 available and see which one has lowest number and that's how many moles
The regular one
Energy

14. What is the magnitude of the electric field produced by a point charge?
It minimizes the reabsorption of the light because the light must exit the scintillator to reach the photomultiplier where it is converted to an electrical pulse
E = (kq)/r^2
6.02 x 10^23 ions/mol
You should look for the two substances that appear to be equal in structure - with no structural differences (or as little as possible)

15. Equivalent mass is what?
V/m or N/C
The mass of an acid that yields one mole of H ions or the mass of a base that reacts with one mole of H ions
1) Young's Modulus 2) Shear Modulus 3) Bulk Modulus
Total internal reflection

16. The coefficient of static friction is the ratio of what?
The force along the board to the normal force
F = GMm/r^2
Mass per unit volume compared to water: so if mass is 15 g and displaces 5g of benzene the ratio of object to liquid mass is 15/5 = 3 and then times 3 by the specific gravity of benzene which is 0.7
Only temperature of the water bath

17. Half-sine wave shape is what kind of wavelength with regards to length?
Where an event took place
Mag and direction
L = wavelength/2 so L= (wavelength)(2)
A current; a magnetic field into a curved path; the charge and mass of the incoming particle and can be effectively used to distinguish different species of particles from one another

18. The coefficient of kinetic friction is always lower than what? Therefore what?
Quantum number that dictates the shape of an orbital; how many angular nodes are present? Spherical shape with no angular nodes thus you have 0 for angular momentum quantum number
Positron because this is known as positron decay/electron capture
They increase because you hear a lower frequency
That of static friction; there is a net accelerating force on the block once it starts to slide

19. The basicity constant Kb measures what?
How strong a base is
The height of the liquid above it ; blood pressure increases because of the force of gravity (P= (density)g(height)
Momentum
3+

20. The electrons emitted from cathode are replaced with what?
+/- 1/2
Red
Positron because this is known as positron decay/electron capture
Electrons from anode and battery

21. If you have longer wavelengths how is their freq and energy compared to shorter wavelengths?
The reaction between the base and water
You should look for the two substances that appear to be equal in structure - with no structural differences (or as little as possible)
Their freq is smaller and energy is smaller; when wavelength is smaller freq is larger and higher energy = more dangerous
Dipole moment; the attractive forces holding them together in liquid state are London or dispersion forces

22. The total pressure of a solution is what? Give example.
A function of the total number of molecules; if there is one mol of CO2 for every 2 mol of H20 then H20 is 2/3 the total pressure
The lowest one
The Ka or Kb that has an exponent closest to 7 because pKa + pKb = pKw and pKw = 14
T = 2pi/angular velocity; v/r

23. For a given flow rate - the speed of fluid flow is inversely proportional to what?
In the presence of a base
L = wavelength/2 so L= (wavelength)(2)
1) Young's Modulus 2) Shear Modulus 3) Bulk Modulus
The cross-sectional area through which the fluid flows

24. Why does light travel slower in an optically dense medium than through a vacuum?
Light is absorbed and re-emitted by the atomic structure of the optically dense medium
When HIn is turned into In- - which is dependent upon the pKa of the indicator
It will increase as well because they are directly related - only if pressure is kept constant
It decreases; the work done by the gas in expanding decreases its internal energy

25. What is the amt of energy that a frictional force generates?
Mv = mv
Momentum
It experiences a constant electric force of qE and will thus accelerate towards the positive plate
Force times the distance over which the force acts

26. How do you find moles of a substance when you are given faradays and electrons?
Voltage
The lowest amt than any of the other cmpds with a higher carbon to oxygen ratio
Ability to locate an event in space
Faraday/electrons

27. Light can be carried along a distance within a transparent material by means of what?
Red
From peak to peak
Total internal reflection
The mass of an acid that yields one mole of H ions or the mass of a base that reacts with one mole of H ions

28. What kind of charge is on Al?
An odd number
(+)
3+
The buoyant force on it; W = mg = pVg

29. Terminal voltage is provided to what?
P = IV
One that has more solute particles per liter of solution
C: series = 1/C + 1/C = 1/C; parallel = C + C = C R: series: R+R = R; parallel = 1/R + 1/R = 1/R
External components of the circuit

30. If any species is gotten rid of when combining two equations of chemical rxns together what can you conclude about those species?
That they are catalysts in the rxn because they react with the substrate and are reformed
The lowest one
+/- 1/2
A saturated solution in which the aqueous ions are in equilibrium with the solid

31. The force on an electrical charge is what?
1000
F =ma and F= qE
Its twice that distance
T = 2pi/angular velocity; v/r

32. What kind of geometry is octahedral?
The part where it's straight almost up before it curves to plateau at new pH; it can tell you what indicator you could use to detect the equivalence point
Positron emission
When you have central atom with six ions on it
[S][2S]^2 = 4S^3

33. If the equation says that the E^o has (-) voltage when being reduced - but it is being oxidized in the problem - what does the voltage then become?
A constant force on a mass causes it to have a constant acceleration
(+)
[A]^a[B]^b
An odd number

34. The number of incident photons on the cathode affect what?
The force along the board to the normal force
Voltage
The number of electrons emitted
Well F = GmM/R^2 and force = mg so equating those together g = GM/R^2

35. What are the three separate module for tensile stress - shear stress - and compression/expansion?

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36. If the source of sound and the listener are traveling side by side at the same speed - what will the change in freq heard by the listener be?
The lowest amt than any of the other cmpds with a higher carbon to oxygen ratio
Energy
Sp^3
0 Hz because they are traveling side by side at the same speed

37. In a rxn - how do you figure out which atom has the highest electron affinity?
It's weight = mg; h
Look at the reactants and see which atom is being reduced - since it accepts the electron readily and is reduced we can assume it has the highest electron affinity
Their freq is smaller and energy is smaller; when wavelength is smaller freq is larger and higher energy = more dangerous
E = (kq)/r^2

38. Strength of dispersion force increases with what?
Ease of polarizability of the molecule and thus increasing molecular weight of mass
Polar
The current is the same
180 degrees; when there is half a wave distance in phase between two waves

39. Young's modulus is a ________ for a material. What is it's ratio? What would a graph of it look like?
Constant; stress/strain = (F/A)/ (change in L/L) = straight line withe positive slope that stays constant
The nucleus gains a proton and no neutrons
The cmpd without the O cannot donate H's like alcohol can to form H bonds with water
Accelerated by a higher voltage between the cathode and anode

40. So if you are given an equation and it gives you the E^o for both side equations seen in the big equation - what do you do with them?
Add them together
3+
+/- 1/2
(density[p])(volume)

41. When the source of a sound is flying away from you what happens to the wavelengths from peak to peak?
From peak to peak
Attractive molecular forces acting between material surfaces in contact
They increase because you hear a lower frequency
How strong a base is

42. What gas is evolved when copper is placed in a nitric acid (HNO3) solution? This is what type of rxn?
NO; reduction-oxidation
It can absorb light that lets other electrons fill those orbitals
You should look for the two substances that appear to be equal in structure - with no structural differences (or as little as possible)
Where an event took place

43. What happens if an atom undergoes positron decay or electron capture?
Look at how many times smaller the H concentration becomes with relation to rate law: if rate law says [H] is second order: ((10^-2)^2/(10^-1)^2 = 10^-2 and then times that answer by the original rate
The mass number stays the number but the atomic number decreases by one - usually resulting in another element
That it is negative
It has a positive oxidation potential so it is easily oxidized

44. An alpha particle can also be assumed to be what element? What is the mass number of Helium?
[A]^a[B]^b
It experiences a constant electric force of qE and will thus accelerate towards the positive plate
Helium; 4
Voltage

45. A pendulum moves under the influence of what?
Toward the side with more gaseous molecules; towards the side that doesn't give off as much heat (remember heat is given off when molecules are formed and thus (-) enthalpy)
Gravity
Mg
180 degrees; when there is half a wave distance in phase between two waves

46. Always remember that velocity has ____ and ____
Mag and direction
F =ma and F= qE
Total internal reflection
Wavelength: (change in y)/(y) = v/c frequency: (change in f)/(f) = -v/c

47. Does the temperature of a water bath or amount of water in a water bath determines if a substance melts?
T = (2h/g)^1/2; distance = vt
The cross-sectional area through which the fluid flows
Constant to overcome the heat of fusion (solid to liquid state)
Only temperature of the water bath

48. The Ksp for a substance of AaBb is what?
NO; reduction-oxidation
When HIn is turned into In- - which is dependent upon the pKa of the indicator
Decreasing potential energy
[A]^a[B]^b

49. What do electrolytic techniques involve?
Ability to locate an event in space
Sp^3
W = F(displacement)
Isolating an atom from minerals by decomposing the minerals with an electric current

50. What is the equation for a period (T)? What is the equation for angular velocity?
Pascal (N*m^2)
Energy
Polar
T = 2pi/angular velocity; v/r