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DSST Physical Sciences2

Subjects : dsst, science

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. An alpha particle can also be assumed to be what element? What is the mass number of Helium?
A saturated solution in which the aqueous ions are in equilibrium with the solid
Helium; 4
The lowest one
Battery starts off chemical and creates an electrical current which creates thermal energy in the resistors

2. An oxidation-reduction rxn that occurs spontaneously has what kind of E^o for the cell?
Its twice that distance
Positive
Quantum number that dictates the shape of an orbital; how many angular nodes are present? Spherical shape with no angular nodes thus you have 0 for angular momentum quantum number
180 degrees; when there is half a wave distance in phase between two waves

3. What is weight equal to?
A saturated solution in which the aqueous ions are in equilibrium with the solid
Momentum
P = F(v) = mg(v -terminal)
Mg

4. So if you have a voltage of 1/4V it will be reduced by what? Thus what will be the equation for the terminal voltage?
Half of the exponent
It will be reduced the voltage produced by the resistor which means IR; E- IR
The element's mass number
That of static friction; there is a net accelerating force on the block once it starts to slide

5. In a rxn - how do you figure out which atom has the highest electron affinity?
Electron shell number
180 degrees; when there is half a wave distance in phase between two waves
3+
Look at the reactants and see which atom is being reduced - since it accepts the electron readily and is reduced we can assume it has the highest electron affinity

6. Is the work done by air resistance - positive or negative?
Look at the reactants and see which atom is being reduced - since it accepts the electron readily and is reduced we can assume it has the highest electron affinity
It can also equal 'mg'; the compressive strength of a substance
Negative
Its momentum is zero because velocity is zero; zero because of conservation of momentum

7. Can a charged particle be detected by two anodes?

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8. The range of pH in which a color change takes place in a titration depends on what?
+/- 1/2
When HIn is turned into In- - which is dependent upon the pKa of the indicator
From peak to peak
No - it increases the speed at which the rxn reaches that equilibrium

9. How do you figure out the literature Ksp value of a compound?
F =ma and F= qE
Colligative: it depends on the number of solute molecules in a given volume of water
Energy
A saturated solution in which the aqueous ions are in equilibrium with the solid

10. What is the unit for Young's Modulus?
The number of electrons emitted
Pascal (N*m^2)
One that has more solute particles per liter of solution
T = (2h/g)^1/2; distance = vt

11. A plane mirror produces an image where?
You look at what is being oxidized and reduced in the problem
They do not differ
[S][2S]^2 = 4S^3
At an equal distance behind it as the object is in front of the mirror

12. What direction do gravity and bouyancy work? What direction does water pressure work?
The cross-sectional area through which the fluid flows
H = negative and S = positive
Red
Vertically; perpendicular to all surfaces

13. The temperature of a metal will not increase above its melting point until what?
The element's mass number
A function of the total number of molecules; if there is one mol of CO2 for every 2 mol of H20 then H20 is 2/3 the total pressure
You look at how many electrons are needed to reduce one cmpd and that number will be put in front of that cmpd and you do the same thing that's oxidized as well: review #38 on test #11
Until all of it has been melted because energy is going into it to melt it not to change temperature during its melting

14. Regarding M(OH)2 and you have solubility (S) - what would the Ksp be?
[S][2S]^2 = 4S^3
The Ka or Kb that has an exponent closest to 7 because pKa + pKb = pKw and pKw = 14
Constant to overcome the heat of fusion (solid to liquid state)
Mv = mv

15. Friction is caused by what?
The mass of an acid that yields one mole of H ions or the mass of a base that reacts with one mole of H ions
Attractive molecular forces acting between material surfaces in contact
Zero
Going from solid to gas phase

16. The number of incident photons on the cathode affect what?
There is the maximum amount of K and NO3 ions; crystals will precipitate out; common-ion effect
The number of electrons emitted
Energy
V/m or N/C

17. Charged particles in motion constitute what? Freely moving charges are deflected by what? The curved path depends on what?
6.02 x 10^23 ions/mol
Electrons from anode and battery
Wavelength: (change in y)/(y) = v/c frequency: (change in f)/(f) = -v/c
A current; a magnetic field into a curved path; the charge and mass of the incoming particle and can be effectively used to distinguish different species of particles from one another

18. What gas is evolved when copper is placed in a nitric acid (HNO3) solution? This is what type of rxn?
The reaction between the base and water
NO; reduction-oxidation
The mass number stays the number but the atomic number decreases by one - usually resulting in another element
Mag and direction

19. Why would a solution with unfilled orbitals be responsible for turning a solution a certian color?
Look at how many times smaller the H concentration becomes with relation to rate law: if rate law says [H] is second order: ((10^-2)^2/(10^-1)^2 = 10^-2 and then times that answer by the original rate
The cross-sectional area through which the fluid flows
Colligative: it depends on the number of solute molecules in a given volume of water
It can absorb light that lets other electrons fill those orbitals

20. Light can be carried along a distance within a transparent material by means of what?
There is the maximum amount of K and NO3 ions; crystals will precipitate out; common-ion effect
Half of the exponent
Total internal reflection
The force along the board to the normal force

21. What is Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation?
F = GMm/r^2
The buoyant force on it; W = mg = pVg
They must balance
The path is longer on the inclined plane so it will take object longer to reach the bottom

22. Nuclear masses can be approximated from what?

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23. If you are told to find the maximum number of NiCo3 that can form how do you do that?

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24. Why is it important that the materials used as scintillators are nearly transparent to the wavelength of light they emit?
Half of the exponent
It minimizes the reabsorption of the light because the light must exit the scintillator to reach the photomultiplier where it is converted to an electrical pulse
V/m or N/C
Well F = GmM/R^2 and force = mg so equating those together g = GM/R^2

25. The concentration of OH and H30 ions are approximately equal at what pH?
Positron because this is known as positron decay/electron capture
Mass number stays the same but the atomic number increases
T = (2h/g)^1/2; distance = vt
7 always!!!

26. What energy conversion describes best what takes place in a battery-powered resistive circuit?
E = (kq)/r^2
Red
Until all of it has been melted because energy is going into it to melt it not to change temperature during its melting
Battery starts off chemical and creates an electrical current which creates thermal energy in the resistors

27. What is the relationship between P and n in PV=nRT?
Going from solid to gas phase
When all the external forces = zero
They are directly proportional
The mass of an acid that yields one mole of H ions or the mass of a base that reacts with one mole of H ions

28. The boiling point of a solution is what type of property? Which means is depends only on what?
Colligative: it depends on the number of solute molecules in a given volume of water
Decreasing potential energy
Colligative; the number of solute particles present
Neutrons; atomic number

29. What do electrolytic techniques involve?
The element's mass number
Isolating an atom from minerals by decomposing the minerals with an electric current
T = 2pi/angular velocity; v/r
The cross-sectional area through which the fluid flows

30. Hydrogen has what kind of standard oxidation or reduction potential?
It will be reduced the voltage produced by the resistor which means IR; E- IR
Shorter than it should be so rays from a distant object form in front of retina; use divergent lens
How much energy is needed to raise one gram of a substance one degree celcius; it tells that you need more energy to increase temperature
Zero

31. What is different between an inclined plane and free fall?
The path is longer on the inclined plane so it will take object longer to reach the bottom
T = 2pi/angular velocity; v/r
Only temperature of the water bath
Neutrons; atomic number

32. F in the Young's modulus equation can also equal what? What is E?

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33. Terminal voltage is provided to what?
The lowest whole number ratio of moles of each element in a mole of a cmpd
No - it increases the speed at which the rxn reaches that equilibrium
External components of the circuit
Shorter than it should be so rays from a distant object form in front of retina; use divergent lens

34. A pendulum moves under the influence of what?
Gravity
Zero
Shorter than it should be so rays from a distant object form in front of retina; use divergent lens
The cmpd without the O cannot donate H's like alcohol can to form H bonds with water

35. Half-sine wave shape is what kind of wavelength with regards to length?
Electron shell number
Constant; stress/strain = (F/A)/ (change in L/L) = straight line withe positive slope that stays constant
The volume of the ice cube or whatever it is
L = wavelength/2 so L= (wavelength)(2)

36. What is the magnetic quantum number?
You look at how many electrons are needed to reduce one cmpd and that number will be put in front of that cmpd and you do the same thing that's oxidized as well: review #38 on test #11
[A]^a[B]^b
-l to +l
A function of the total number of molecules; if there is one mol of CO2 for every 2 mol of H20 then H20 is 2/3 the total pressure

37. In general what is formed by an acid-base rxn?
Quantum number that dictates the shape of an orbital; how many angular nodes are present? Spherical shape with no angular nodes thus you have 0 for angular momentum quantum number
Light is absorbed and re-emitted by the atomic structure of the optically dense medium
Mg
A salt and water

38. Pressure in a liquid is proportional to what? So why does this explain why blood pressure is greater in legs?
(density[p])(volume)
Look at the reactants and see which atom is being reduced - since it accepts the electron readily and is reduced we can assume it has the highest electron affinity
The height of the liquid above it ; blood pressure increases because of the force of gravity (P= (density)g(height)
When all the external forces = zero

39. If you have circuit elements in parallel what is the same across them?
Voltage
The Ka or Kb that has an exponent closest to 7 because pKa + pKb = pKw and pKw = 14
Negative
H has a small atomic radius

40. What color is above 656 nm?
That they are catalysts in the rxn because they react with the substrate and are reformed
When all the external forces = zero
Yes - if the particle's trail is equidistant between two adjacent anodes
Red

41. Mechanical waves in a medium fxn to transport what?
Yes - if the particle's trail is equidistant between two adjacent anodes
The density of the water and volume of the lead object
Energy
(density[p])(volume)

42. The square root of 10^anything is equal to what?
They must balance
Energy
Helium; 4
Half of the exponent

43. How do the final velocities differ if a sphere is dropped from a distance rather than rolled down an inclined plane?
That it is negative
Add them together
Yes - if the particle's trail is equidistant between two adjacent anodes
They do not differ

44. In a galvanic and electrolytic cell - reduction of an ion occurs where? Oxidation of an ion occurs where?
Polar
(+)
A current; a magnetic field into a curved path; the charge and mass of the incoming particle and can be effectively used to distinguish different species of particles from one another
Cathode; anode

45. What type of acid and base would produce a pH closest to 7?
Helium; 4
Strong acid and strong base/ weak acid and weak base
Neutrons; atomic number
The Ka or Kb that has an exponent closest to 7 because pKa + pKb = pKw and pKw = 14

46. Isotopes have diff number of ______ but same what?
Toward the side with more gaseous molecules; towards the side that doesn't give off as much heat (remember heat is given off when molecules are formed and thus (-) enthalpy)
Neutrons; atomic number
It can also equal 'mg'; the compressive strength of a substance
In the presence of a base

47. What is one faraday equal to?
Electron shell number
Mg
One mole of electric charge
Isolating an atom from minerals by decomposing the minerals with an electric current

48. In a healthy person standing at rest - a comparison of arterial blood pressure measured in the arm with that in the leg - shows what about the differences between these pressures?
The blood pressure in the leg is greater because the column between the arm and the leg has a hydrostatic pressure
180 degrees; when there is half a wave distance in phase between two waves
The volume of the ice cube or whatever it is
It has a positive oxidation potential so it is easily oxidized

49. What kind of geometry is octahedral?
PbCO2 is less soluble than PbI - and PbI less soluble than PbSO4; CO2 - then I - then SO4
When you have central atom with six ions on it
Electron shell number
Energy

50. What is the angular momentum quantum number (l)? It is the same as what? What does an S orbital appear to look like? What would it's (l) be?
Quantum number that dictates the shape of an orbital; how many angular nodes are present? Spherical shape with no angular nodes thus you have 0 for angular momentum quantum number
T = 2pi/angular velocity; v/r
Isolating an atom from minerals by decomposing the minerals with an electric current
A salt and water