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DSST Physical Sciences2

Subjects : dsst, science

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What direction do gravity and bouyancy work? What direction does water pressure work?
1000
T = 2pi/angular velocity; v/r
Vertically; perpendicular to all surfaces
E = (kq)/r^2

2. How do you find specific gravity of an object?
Liquid displaced by that object
When HIn is turned into In- - which is dependent upon the pKa of the indicator
Mass per unit volume compared to water: so if mass is 15 g and displaces 5g of benzene the ratio of object to liquid mass is 15/5 = 3 and then times 3 by the specific gravity of benzene which is 0.7
Helium; 4

3. What is the formula for the power supplied by a battery to accelerate an electron beam?
Its twice that distance
The cross-sectional area through which the fluid flows
P = IV
When electron falls from high energy to low energy level

4. What is weight equal to?
Mg
They do not differ
The blood pressure in the leg is greater because the column between the arm and the leg has a hydrostatic pressure
Electron shell number

5. Thus is Zn (which has positive oxidation potential) reacts with HCl - will any rxn take place?
Yes because ionic zinc has oxidation of (2+) and Zn is easily oxidized so it will displace H and ZnCl2 will be formed
Quantum number that dictates the shape of an orbital; how many angular nodes are present? Spherical shape with no angular nodes thus you have 0 for angular momentum quantum number
It has a positive oxidation potential so it is easily oxidized
Force times the distance over which the force acts

6. The coefficient of kinetic friction is always lower than what? Therefore what?
Mass number stays the same but the atomic number increases
Wavelength: (change in y)/(y) = v/c frequency: (change in f)/(f) = -v/c
Light is absorbed and re-emitted by the atomic structure of the optically dense medium
That of static friction; there is a net accelerating force on the block once it starts to slide

7. How would you find rate of rxn from pH 1 to pH2?
It experiences a constant electric force of qE and will thus accelerate towards the positive plate
Look at how many times smaller the H concentration becomes with relation to rate law: if rate law says [H] is second order: ((10^-2)^2/(10^-1)^2 = 10^-2 and then times that answer by the original rate
At an equal distance behind it as the object is in front of the mirror
It's weight = mg; h

8. Why would a solution with unfilled orbitals be responsible for turning a solution a certian color?
Yes - if the particle's trail is equidistant between two adjacent anodes
One mole of electric charge
It can absorb light that lets other electrons fill those orbitals
Ability to locate an event in space

9. The range of pH in which a color change takes place in a titration depends on what?
When HIn is turned into In- - which is dependent upon the pKa of the indicator
The volume of the ice cube or whatever it is
(density[p])(volume)
(+)

10. How do you find moles of a substance when you are given faradays and electrons?
Faraday/electrons
PbCO2 is less soluble than PbI - and PbI less soluble than PbSO4; CO2 - then I - then SO4
Toward the side with more gaseous molecules; towards the side that doesn't give off as much heat (remember heat is given off when molecules are formed and thus (-) enthalpy)
There is the maximum amount of K and NO3 ions; crystals will precipitate out; common-ion effect

11. A saturated solution of KNO3 means what? If you add salt that has any of these two ions what will happen? What is this called?
It decreases; the work done by the gas in expanding decreases its internal energy
There is the maximum amount of K and NO3 ions; crystals will precipitate out; common-ion effect
Mass number stays the same but the atomic number increases
Faraday/electrons

12. The free energy change (G) must be negative when what?
Electron shell number
H = negative and S = positive
When electron falls from high energy to low energy level
Quantum number that dictates the shape of an orbital; how many angular nodes are present? Spherical shape with no angular nodes thus you have 0 for angular momentum quantum number

13. When an element decreases its atomic number by one what is emitted?
Yes because ionic zinc has oxidation of (2+) and Zn is easily oxidized so it will displace H and ZnCl2 will be formed
There is the maximum amount of K and NO3 ions; crystals will precipitate out; common-ion effect
Positron because this is known as positron decay/electron capture
The volume of the ice cube or whatever it is

14. What is the spin projection quantum number?
Momentum
It decreases; the work done by the gas in expanding decreases its internal energy
Electron shell number
+/- 1/2

15. if lead is successively preciptated as PbSO4 - PbI - and PbCO2 - which is less soluble than which? Thus which anions will be precipitated first?
The height of the liquid above it ; blood pressure increases because of the force of gravity (P= (density)g(height)
PbCO2 is less soluble than PbI - and PbI less soluble than PbSO4; CO2 - then I - then SO4
Alkali metals = first column
Find how many mol of Ni is available and CO3 available and see which one has lowest number and that's how many moles

16. What kind of metals react violently with water?
The height of the liquid above it ; blood pressure increases because of the force of gravity (P= (density)g(height)
Alkali metals = first column
The regular one
[A]^a[B]^b

17. How do you figure out the literature Ksp value of a compound?
It will increase as well because they are directly related - only if pressure is kept constant
Faraday/electrons
Toward the side with more gaseous molecules; towards the side that doesn't give off as much heat (remember heat is given off when molecules are formed and thus (-) enthalpy)
A saturated solution in which the aqueous ions are in equilibrium with the solid

18. In a galvanic and electrolytic cell - reduction of an ion occurs where? Oxidation of an ion occurs where?
400 to 700 nm
Energy
It decreases; the work done by the gas in expanding decreases its internal energy
Cathode; anode

19. If you have a decrease of pressure to which side of the equation is it equilibrium shifted towards? What about if you increase temperature?

20. If the source of sound and the listener are traveling side by side at the same speed - what will the change in freq heard by the listener be?
From peak to peak
A current; a magnetic field into a curved path; the charge and mass of the incoming particle and can be effectively used to distinguish different species of particles from one another
0 Hz because they are traveling side by side at the same speed
That it is negative

21. What color is above 656 nm?
Red
Its momentum is zero because velocity is zero; zero because of conservation of momentum
Add them together
Attractive molecular forces acting between material surfaces in contact

22. What is the equation for work done?
The mass of an acid that yields one mole of H ions or the mass of a base that reacts with one mole of H ions
They increase because you hear a lower frequency
W = F(displacement)
A function of the total number of molecules; if there is one mol of CO2 for every 2 mol of H20 then H20 is 2/3 the total pressure

23. As a balloon rises in a tank of water what happens to the temperature inside it? Why would this happen?
Isolating an atom from minerals by decomposing the minerals with an electric current
How strong a base is
Faraday/electrons
It decreases; the work done by the gas in expanding decreases its internal energy

24. What gas is evolved when copper is placed in a nitric acid (HNO3) solution? This is what type of rxn?
NO; reduction-oxidation
Electrons from anode and battery
400 to 700 nm
How much energy is needed to raise one gram of a substance one degree celcius; it tells that you need more energy to increase temperature

25. Always remember that velocity has ____ and ____
Mag and direction
It will increase as well because they are directly related - only if pressure is kept constant
Toward the side with more gaseous molecules; towards the side that doesn't give off as much heat (remember heat is given off when molecules are formed and thus (-) enthalpy)
The lowest amt than any of the other cmpds with a higher carbon to oxygen ratio

26. Can a charged particle be detected by two anodes?

27. Why is it important that the materials used as scintillators are nearly transparent to the wavelength of light they emit?
When HIn is turned into In- - which is dependent upon the pKa of the indicator
Look at the reactants and see which atom is being reduced - since it accepts the electron readily and is reduced we can assume it has the highest electron affinity
It minimizes the reabsorption of the light because the light must exit the scintillator to reach the photomultiplier where it is converted to an electrical pulse
W = F(displacement)

28. A floating ice cube implies that it's weight is balanced by what?
E = (kq)/r^2
0 Hz because they are traveling side by side at the same speed
Yes - if the particle's trail is equidistant between two adjacent anodes
The buoyant force on it; W = mg = pVg

29. What is the angular momentum quantum number (l)? It is the same as what? What does an S orbital appear to look like? What would it's (l) be?
Quantum number that dictates the shape of an orbital; how many angular nodes are present? Spherical shape with no angular nodes thus you have 0 for angular momentum quantum number
6.02 x 10^23 ions/mol
Accelerated by a higher voltage between the cathode and anode
T = 2pi/angular velocity; v/r

30. What is the principal quantum number (n)?
The lowest amt than any of the other cmpds with a higher carbon to oxygen ratio
NO; reduction-oxidation
Polar
Electron shell number

31. When the source of a sound is flying away from you what happens to the wavelengths from peak to peak?
Strong acid and strong base/ weak acid and weak base
The current is the same
The mass number stays the number but the atomic number decreases by one - usually resulting in another element
They increase because you hear a lower frequency

32. What if the circuit elements are in series?
Constant to overcome the heat of fusion (solid to liquid state)
[A]^a[B]^b
The current is the same
It will take longer to melt if the water bath is only at 90 degrees rather than 100 degrees because at 100 degrees the temperature is hotter and thus it will melt faster than at 90 degrees

33. In order to guarantee a non-zero spin how many electrons are needed?
An odd number
1) Young's Modulus 2) Shear Modulus 3) Bulk Modulus
You look at what is being oxidized and reduced in the problem
W = F(displacement)

34. What kind of geometry is octahedral?
When you have central atom with six ions on it
A positron or electron; when atomic number goes up you know an electron has been emitted
Only temperature of the water bath
Momentum

35. Heat from friction comes from what?
The mass number stays the number but the atomic number decreases by one - usually resulting in another element
Cathode; anode
Decreasing potential energy
Look at the reactants and see which atom is being reduced - since it accepts the electron readily and is reduced we can assume it has the highest electron affinity

36. If melting pt of a substance is 80 degrees - then what is the diff in time the substance melts when it is either placed in 100 degree test tube and 90 degree test tube?
Ability to locate an event in space
It will take longer to melt if the water bath is only at 90 degrees rather than 100 degrees because at 100 degrees the temperature is hotter and thus it will melt faster than at 90 degrees
It decreases; the work done by the gas in expanding decreases its internal energy
It has a positive oxidation potential so it is easily oxidized

37. Beta decay is the emission of what? How do you know what it is the emission of?
From peak to peak
A positron or electron; when atomic number goes up you know an electron has been emitted
A saturated solution in which the aqueous ions are in equilibrium with the solid
H = negative and S = positive

38. The boiling point of a solution is what type of property? Which means is depends only on what?
The number of electrons emitted
Constant; stress/strain = (F/A)/ (change in L/L) = straight line withe positive slope that stays constant
Energy
Colligative; the number of solute particles present

39. Equivalent mass is what?
Force times the distance over which the force acts
The mass of an acid that yields one mole of H ions or the mass of a base that reacts with one mole of H ions
Constant to overcome the heat of fusion (solid to liquid state)
External components of the circuit

40. Pressure in a liquid is proportional to what? So why does this explain why blood pressure is greater in legs?
The height of the liquid above it ; blood pressure increases because of the force of gravity (P= (density)g(height)
One mole of electric charge
When all the external forces = zero
1000

41. When something is falling what is the force acting on it? Thus what would be the work done?

42. When does red litmus paper turn blue?
In the presence of a base
Voltage
A positron or electron; when atomic number goes up you know an electron has been emitted
400 to 700 nm

43. What is conserved in an inellastic collision?
The height of the liquid above it ; blood pressure increases because of the force of gravity (P= (density)g(height)
Electrons from anode and battery
Momentum
Where an event took place

44. What do electrolytic techniques involve?
Density (gravitational constant) height
Isolating an atom from minerals by decomposing the minerals with an electric current
The number of electrons emitted
Where an event took place

45. If you are given density and volume how do you find mass?
(density[p])(volume)
T = (2h/g)^1/2; distance = vt
One mole of electric charge
Constant to overcome the heat of fusion (solid to liquid state)

46. A cmpd with the lowest carbon to oxygen ratio will require how much oxygen for combustion?
They must balance
Toward the side with more gaseous molecules; towards the side that doesn't give off as much heat (remember heat is given off when molecules are formed and thus (-) enthalpy)
A function of the total number of molecules; if there is one mol of CO2 for every 2 mol of H20 then H20 is 2/3 the total pressure
The lowest amt than any of the other cmpds with a higher carbon to oxygen ratio

47. The visible spectrum ranges from ____ to _____
The force along the board to the normal force
400 to 700 nm
You look at what is being oxidized and reduced in the problem
Battery starts off chemical and creates an electrical current which creates thermal energy in the resistors

48. Neither N2 or O2 have a permanent what? What does this mean?
7 always!!!
Dipole moment; the attractive forces holding them together in liquid state are London or dispersion forces
Electron shell number
A saturated solution in which the aqueous ions are in equilibrium with the solid

49. What is the magnetic quantum number?
How much energy is needed to raise one gram of a substance one degree celcius; it tells that you need more energy to increase temperature
3+
At an equal distance behind it as the object is in front of the mirror
-l to +l

50. What is the net result on a nucleus when you absorb a deuturon and emit a neutron?
Faraday/electrons
It will increase as well because they are directly related - only if pressure is kept constant
Polar
The nucleus gains a proton and no neutrons