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DSST Physical Sciences2

Subjects : dsst, science

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. In general what is formed by an acid-base rxn?
A salt and water
The blood pressure in the leg is greater because the column between the arm and the leg has a hydrostatic pressure
Colligative; the number of solute particles present
One mole of electric charge

2. Does the temperature of a water bath or amount of water in a water bath determines if a substance melts?
F =ma and F= qE
The current is the same
Only temperature of the water bath
Ability to locate an event in space

3. What gas is evolved when copper is placed in a nitric acid (HNO3) solution? This is what type of rxn?
NO; reduction-oxidation
They are directly proportional
Mv = mv
Neutrons; atomic number

4. The coefficient of static friction is the ratio of what?
Negative
The force along the board to the normal force
The height of the liquid above it ; blood pressure increases because of the force of gravity (P= (density)g(height)
Neutrons; atomic number

5. What is conserved in an inellastic collision?
Momentum
Faraday/electrons
180 degrees; when there is half a wave distance in phase between two waves
Energy

6. Thus is Zn (which has positive oxidation potential) reacts with HCl - will any rxn take place?
The regular one
You look at what is being oxidized and reduced in the problem
Yes because ionic zinc has oxidation of (2+) and Zn is easily oxidized so it will displace H and ZnCl2 will be formed
Its momentum is zero because velocity is zero; zero because of conservation of momentum

7. The force on an electrical charge is what?
F =ma and F= qE
One mole of electric charge
Its momentum is zero because velocity is zero; zero because of conservation of momentum
The buoyant force on it; W = mg = pVg

8. What is the equation for pressure?
That they are catalysts in the rxn because they react with the substrate and are reformed
The element's mass number
Density (gravitational constant) height
Shorter than it should be so rays from a distant object form in front of retina; use divergent lens

9. Acetic acid is a ______ solvent
NO; reduction-oxidation
That they are catalysts in the rxn because they react with the substrate and are reformed
Polar
The volume of the ice cube or whatever it is

10. If temperature arises during a mixture what can you conclude about the enthalpy?
Dipole moment; the attractive forces holding them together in liquid state are London or dispersion forces
That it is negative
Positive
How much energy is needed to raise one gram of a substance one degree celcius; it tells that you need more energy to increase temperature

11. If asked which electron configuration of an element is most stable which one do you choose?
The Ka or Kb that has an exponent closest to 7 because pKa + pKb = pKw and pKw = 14
0 Hz because they are traveling side by side at the same speed
The regular one
The cross-sectional area through which the fluid flows

12. What is the amt of energy that a frictional force generates?
Force times the distance over which the force acts
The lowest amt than any of the other cmpds with a higher carbon to oxygen ratio
Going from solid to gas phase
The lowest whole number ratio of moles of each element in a mole of a cmpd

13. An oxidation-reduction rxn that occurs spontaneously has what kind of E^o for the cell?
Positive
Force times the distance over which the force acts
Sp^3
Mass per unit volume compared to water: so if mass is 15 g and displaces 5g of benzene the ratio of object to liquid mass is 15/5 = 3 and then times 3 by the specific gravity of benzene which is 0.7

14. What is the magnetic quantum number?
Toward the side with more gaseous molecules; towards the side that doesn't give off as much heat (remember heat is given off when molecules are formed and thus (-) enthalpy)
-l to +l
Half of the exponent
How strong a base is

15. Neither N2 or O2 have a permanent what? What does this mean?
Dipole moment; the attractive forces holding them together in liquid state are London or dispersion forces
The lowest amt than any of the other cmpds with a higher carbon to oxygen ratio
The element's mass number
That they are catalysts in the rxn because they react with the substrate and are reformed

16. An alpha particle can also be assumed to be what element? What is the mass number of Helium?
Pascal (N*m^2)
Helium; 4
Its twice that distance
W = F(displacement)

17. Pressure in a liquid is proportional to what? So why does this explain why blood pressure is greater in legs?
The height of the liquid above it ; blood pressure increases because of the force of gravity (P= (density)g(height)
Accelerated by a higher voltage between the cathode and anode
T = (2h/g)^1/2; distance = vt
Mg

18. What kind of charge is on Al?
Its intensity in the spectrum
Light is absorbed and re-emitted by the atomic structure of the optically dense medium
Look at the reactants and see which atom is being reduced - since it accepts the electron readily and is reduced we can assume it has the highest electron affinity
3+

19. The total pressure of a solution is what? Give example.
Ability to locate an event in space
Faraday/electrons
A function of the total number of molecules; if there is one mol of CO2 for every 2 mol of H20 then H20 is 2/3 the total pressure
C: series = 1/C + 1/C = 1/C; parallel = C + C = C R: series: R+R = R; parallel = 1/R + 1/R = 1/R

20. What is the equation for work done?
W = F(displacement)
Ability to locate an event in space
Mg
The lowest one

21. In Bohr model of atom when is energy emitted?
When electron falls from high energy to low energy level
Decreasing potential energy
Only temperature of the water bath
(density[p])(volume)

22. Charged particles in motion constitute what? Freely moving charges are deflected by what? The curved path depends on what?
A current; a magnetic field into a curved path; the charge and mass of the incoming particle and can be effectively used to distinguish different species of particles from one another
Red
The part where it's straight almost up before it curves to plateau at new pH; it can tell you what indicator you could use to detect the equivalence point
V/m or N/C

23. How do you find the equiv capacitance of capacitors in series and parallel? What about if you are trying to find equivalent resistance?
One mole of electric charge
C: series = 1/C + 1/C = 1/C; parallel = C + C = C R: series: R+R = R; parallel = 1/R + 1/R = 1/R
Sp^3
Decreasing potential energy

24. F in the Young's modulus equation can also equal what? What is E?

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25. What would the force be of a block on a pulley? What would be its displacement?

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26. In radioactive decay the atomic number (A) and mass number (Z) must what?
The mass of an acid that yields one mole of H ions or the mass of a base that reacts with one mole of H ions
Mg
Going from solid to gas phase
They must balance

27. How would you find rate of rxn from pH 1 to pH2?
Look at how many times smaller the H concentration becomes with relation to rate law: if rate law says [H] is second order: ((10^-2)^2/(10^-1)^2 = 10^-2 and then times that answer by the original rate
Positron because this is known as positron decay/electron capture
Dipole moment; the attractive forces holding them together in liquid state are London or dispersion forces
Electron shell number

28. What is a metathesis rxn?
The path is longer on the inclined plane so it will take object longer to reach the bottom
It is a rxn where you mix aqueous solutions of cations and anions and the ionic cmpds switch the ions with which they were paired
Battery starts off chemical and creates an electrical current which creates thermal energy in the resistors
Mass number stays the same but the atomic number increases

29. What is the angular momentum quantum number (l)? It is the same as what? What does an S orbital appear to look like? What would it's (l) be?
Constant; stress/strain = (F/A)/ (change in L/L) = straight line withe positive slope that stays constant
Quantum number that dictates the shape of an orbital; how many angular nodes are present? Spherical shape with no angular nodes thus you have 0 for angular momentum quantum number
Only temperature of the water bath
Constant to overcome the heat of fusion (solid to liquid state)

30. Light can be carried along a distance within a transparent material by means of what?
Total internal reflection
B = pVg; density
In the presence of a base
W = F(displacement)

31. In a galvanic and electrolytic cell - reduction of an ion occurs where? Oxidation of an ion occurs where?
Cathode; anode
When HIn is turned into In- - which is dependent upon the pKa of the indicator
NO; reduction-oxidation
The lowest amt than any of the other cmpds with a higher carbon to oxygen ratio

32. Equivalent mass is what?
It is a rxn where you mix aqueous solutions of cations and anions and the ionic cmpds switch the ions with which they were paired
The reaction between the base and water
The mass of an acid that yields one mole of H ions or the mass of a base that reacts with one mole of H ions
Decreasing potential energy

33. The freezing point of an aqueous solution is what kind of property? What does this mean?
Battery starts off chemical and creates an electrical current which creates thermal energy in the resistors
Decreasing potential energy
Colligative: it depends on the number of solute molecules in a given volume of water
Going from solid to gas phase

34. What happens to the atomic number and atomic mass of an element that go under Beta decay or positron emission?
Its momentum is zero because velocity is zero; zero because of conservation of momentum
[A]^a[B]^b
The lowest amt than any of the other cmpds with a higher carbon to oxygen ratio
Mass number stays the same but the atomic number increases

35. What is the principal quantum number (n)?
Electron shell number
Momentum
1000
The cmpd without the O cannot donate H's like alcohol can to form H bonds with water

36. If you have circuit elements in parallel what is the same across them?
It's weight = mg; h
Voltage
How much energy is needed to raise one gram of a substance one degree celcius; it tells that you need more energy to increase temperature
A constant force on a mass causes it to have a constant acceleration

37. In PV=nRT - if temp increases what will happen to volume?
Only temperature of the water bath
A function of the total number of molecules; if there is one mol of CO2 for every 2 mol of H20 then H20 is 2/3 the total pressure
Electron shell number
It will increase as well because they are directly related - only if pressure is kept constant

38. The number of incident photons on the cathode affect what?
Going from solid to gas phase
1) Young's Modulus 2) Shear Modulus 3) Bulk Modulus
Neutrons; atomic number
The number of electrons emitted

39. What is the magnitude of the electric field produced by a point charge?
It minimizes the reabsorption of the light because the light must exit the scintillator to reach the photomultiplier where it is converted to an electrical pulse
E = (kq)/r^2
Going from solid to gas phase
H = negative and S = positive

40. The concentration of OH and H30 ions are approximately equal at what pH?
Going from solid to gas phase
[A]^a[B]^b
The density of the water and volume of the lead object
7 always!!!

41. What is the law of conservation of linear momentum?
400 to 700 nm
The mass number stays the number but the atomic number decreases by one - usually resulting in another element
Mv = mv
The number of electrons emitted

42. What is different between an inclined plane and free fall?
In the presence of a base
The path is longer on the inclined plane so it will take object longer to reach the bottom
There is the maximum amount of K and NO3 ions; crystals will precipitate out; common-ion effect
B = pVg; density

43. What direction do gravity and bouyancy work? What direction does water pressure work?
Positive
Vertically; perpendicular to all surfaces
Well F = GmM/R^2 and force = mg so equating those together g = GM/R^2
A positron or electron; when atomic number goes up you know an electron has been emitted

44. Why would a solution with unfilled orbitals be responsible for turning a solution a certian color?
It can absorb light that lets other electrons fill those orbitals
NO; reduction-oxidation
The volume of the ice cube or whatever it is
At an equal distance behind it as the object is in front of the mirror

45. The phase difference corresponding to a half wave is what? When do you get destructive interference?
An odd number
180 degrees; when there is half a wave distance in phase between two waves
Mag and direction
Energy

46. As a balloon rises in a tank of water what happens to the temperature inside it? Why would this happen?
It decreases; the work done by the gas in expanding decreases its internal energy
They do not differ
L = wavelength/2 so L= (wavelength)(2)
It can absorb light that lets other electrons fill those orbitals

47. What do electrolytic techniques involve?
Look at the reactants and see which atom is being reduced - since it accepts the electron readily and is reduced we can assume it has the highest electron affinity
Mg
Mass number stays the same but the atomic number increases
Isolating an atom from minerals by decomposing the minerals with an electric current

48. In a healthy person standing at rest - a comparison of arterial blood pressure measured in the arm with that in the leg - shows what about the differences between these pressures?
Ability to locate an event in space
The blood pressure in the leg is greater because the column between the arm and the leg has a hydrostatic pressure
The mass of an acid that yields one mole of H ions or the mass of a base that reacts with one mole of H ions
In the presence of a base

49. What is the net result on a nucleus when you absorb a deuturon and emit a neutron?
It can absorb light that lets other electrons fill those orbitals
Liquid displaced by that object
The lowest amt than any of the other cmpds with a higher carbon to oxygen ratio
The nucleus gains a proton and no neutrons

50. If the standard potential for a rxn is negative when it is being reduced (thus a negative reduction potential) that means that the resulting atom has what?
The cross-sectional area through which the fluid flows
A salt and water
It has a positive oxidation potential so it is easily oxidized
How much energy is needed to raise one gram of a substance one degree celcius; it tells that you need more energy to increase temperature