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DSST Physical Sciences2

Subjects : dsst, science

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. How do you balance redox rxns?

2. When you are trying to find the buyoancy force of water on a lead object what density do you use in the equation B = pVg? what volume?
The density of the water and volume of the lead object
You look at what is being oxidized and reduced in the problem
Only temperature of the water bath
There is the maximum amount of K and NO3 ions; crystals will precipitate out; common-ion effect

3. Always remember that velocity has ____ and ____
A saturated solution in which the aqueous ions are in equilibrium with the solid
Colligative: it depends on the number of solute molecules in a given volume of water
A function of the total number of molecules; if there is one mol of CO2 for every 2 mol of H20 then H20 is 2/3 the total pressure
Mag and direction

4. When an element decreases its atomic number by one what is emitted?
Positron because this is known as positron decay/electron capture
It can also equal 'mg'; the compressive strength of a substance
You look at what is being oxidized and reduced in the problem
The part where it's straight almost up before it curves to plateau at new pH; it can tell you what indicator you could use to detect the equivalence point

5. Terminal voltage is provided to what?
External components of the circuit
P = F(v) = mg(v -terminal)
Quantum number that dictates the shape of an orbital; how many angular nodes are present? Spherical shape with no angular nodes thus you have 0 for angular momentum quantum number
Mv = mv

6. The basicity constant Kb measures what?
It will take longer to melt if the water bath is only at 90 degrees rather than 100 degrees because at 100 degrees the temperature is hotter and thus it will melt faster than at 90 degrees
It experiences a constant electric force of qE and will thus accelerate towards the positive plate
How strong a base is
The volume of the ice cube or whatever it is

7. So if you are given an equation and it gives you the E^o for both side equations seen in the big equation - what do you do with them?
Helium; 4
Add them together
The path is longer on the inclined plane so it will take object longer to reach the bottom
B = pVg; density

8. In a rxn - how do you figure out which atom has the highest electron affinity?
Faraday/electrons
F = GMm/r^2
Look at the reactants and see which atom is being reduced - since it accepts the electron readily and is reduced we can assume it has the highest electron affinity
The Ka or Kb that has an exponent closest to 7 because pKa + pKb = pKw and pKw = 14

9. What is the amt of energy that a frictional force generates?
Force times the distance over which the force acts
It's weight = mg; h
-l to +l
How much energy is needed to raise one gram of a substance one degree celcius; it tells that you need more energy to increase temperature

10. The free energy change (G) must be negative when what?
It minimizes the reabsorption of the light because the light must exit the scintillator to reach the photomultiplier where it is converted to an electrical pulse
V/m or N/C
7 always!!!
H = negative and S = positive

11. What color is above 656 nm?
The cmpd without the O cannot donate H's like alcohol can to form H bonds with water
Red
Decreasing potential energy
Total internal reflection

12. What are the three separate module for tensile stress - shear stress - and compression/expansion?

13. Can a catalyst shift equilibrium?
Yes - if the particle's trail is equidistant between two adjacent anodes
Find how many mol of Ni is available and CO3 available and see which one has lowest number and that's how many moles
No - it increases the speed at which the rxn reaches that equilibrium
The cmpd without the O cannot donate H's like alcohol can to form H bonds with water

14. When a falling mass is at terminal speed - what is the power expended by the air resistance?
There is the maximum amount of K and NO3 ions; crystals will precipitate out; common-ion effect
Yes - if the particle's trail is equidistant between two adjacent anodes
P = F(v) = mg(v -terminal)
Yes because ionic zinc has oxidation of (2+) and Zn is easily oxidized so it will displace H and ZnCl2 will be formed

15. What type of acid and base would produce a pH closest to 7?
Look at the reactants and see which atom is being reduced - since it accepts the electron readily and is reduced we can assume it has the highest electron affinity
The regular one
Strong acid and strong base/ weak acid and weak base
The height of the liquid above it ; blood pressure increases because of the force of gravity (P= (density)g(height)

16. What is Avagadro's number regarding ions/mol?
6.02 x 10^23 ions/mol
Mag and direction
L = wavelength/2 so L= (wavelength)(2)
PbCO2 is less soluble than PbI - and PbI less soluble than PbSO4; CO2 - then I - then SO4

17. If any species is gotten rid of when combining two equations of chemical rxns together what can you conclude about those species?
The number of electrons emitted
That they are catalysts in the rxn because they react with the substrate and are reformed
The reaction between the base and water
1000

18. An oxidation-reduction rxn that occurs spontaneously has what kind of E^o for the cell?
Its twice that distance
Positive
T = 2pi/angular velocity; v/r
Cathode; anode

19. What is different between an inclined plane and free fall?
Constant to overcome the heat of fusion (solid to liquid state)
Total internal reflection
The path is longer on the inclined plane so it will take object longer to reach the bottom
Energy

20. If the standard potential for a rxn is negative when it is being reduced (thus a negative reduction potential) that means that the resulting atom has what?
Density (gravitational constant) height
It has a positive oxidation potential so it is easily oxidized
It will take longer to melt if the water bath is only at 90 degrees rather than 100 degrees because at 100 degrees the temperature is hotter and thus it will melt faster than at 90 degrees
It decreases; the work done by the gas in expanding decreases its internal energy

21. Is the work done by air resistance - positive or negative?
It's weight = mg; h
Negative
The lowest whole number ratio of moles of each element in a mole of a cmpd
Only temperature of the water bath

22. Friction is caused by what?
B = pVg; density
Attractive molecular forces acting between material surfaces in contact
It minimizes the reabsorption of the light because the light must exit the scintillator to reach the photomultiplier where it is converted to an electrical pulse
(density[p])(volume)

23. What is the relationship between P and n in PV=nRT?
It has a positive oxidation potential so it is easily oxidized
Look at how many times smaller the H concentration becomes with relation to rate law: if rate law says [H] is second order: ((10^-2)^2/(10^-1)^2 = 10^-2 and then times that answer by the original rate
They are directly proportional
F = GMm/r^2

24. When is a body in translational equilibrium?
P = F(v) = mg(v -terminal)
When all the external forces = zero
It has a positive oxidation potential so it is easily oxidized
E = (kq)/r^2

25. As a balloon rises in a tank of water what happens to the temperature inside it? Why would this happen?
It decreases; the work done by the gas in expanding decreases its internal energy
Mass number stays the same but the atomic number increases
Its twice that distance
Red

26. The phase difference corresponding to a half wave is what? When do you get destructive interference?
That it is negative
The nucleus gains a proton and no neutrons
They must balance
180 degrees; when there is half a wave distance in phase between two waves

27. In order to increase the kinetic energy of electrons - they must be what?
Accelerated by a higher voltage between the cathode and anode
Force times the distance over which the force acts
That they are catalysts in the rxn because they react with the substrate and are reformed
A current; a magnetic field into a curved path; the charge and mass of the incoming particle and can be effectively used to distinguish different species of particles from one another

28. The number of incident photons on the cathode affect what?
Battery starts off chemical and creates an electrical current which creates thermal energy in the resistors
Electrons from anode and battery
The number of electrons emitted
When you have central atom with six ions on it

29. What is newton's second law?
A constant force on a mass causes it to have a constant acceleration
Find how many mol of Ni is available and CO3 available and see which one has lowest number and that's how many moles
Mass per unit volume compared to water: so if mass is 15 g and displaces 5g of benzene the ratio of object to liquid mass is 15/5 = 3 and then times 3 by the specific gravity of benzene which is 0.7
Colligative: it depends on the number of solute molecules in a given volume of water

30. If you have an alcohol with OH on the end and then another cmpd with an O in the middle but no H - what is different between the bonds they can make with water?

31. An alpha particle can also be assumed to be what element? What is the mass number of Helium?
Shorter than it should be so rays from a distant object form in front of retina; use divergent lens
When you have central atom with six ions on it
You see how many moles of each are present and the one with the least is limiting; calculate how many grams/moles of a product will be made
Helium; 4

32. At the moment of explosion of an object - what is its momementum? Why? After an explosion what is the total momentum carried by all the fragments?
The blood pressure in the leg is greater because the column between the arm and the leg has a hydrostatic pressure
The current is the same
It experiences a constant electric force of qE and will thus accelerate towards the positive plate
Its momentum is zero because velocity is zero; zero because of conservation of momentum

33. The closer the spacing of the anode wire - the better one can specify what?
(density[p])(volume)
Yes because ionic zinc has oxidation of (2+) and Zn is easily oxidized so it will displace H and ZnCl2 will be formed
Where an event took place
Isolating an atom from minerals by decomposing the minerals with an electric current

34. Mechanical waves in a medium fxn to transport what?
It experiences a constant electric force of qE and will thus accelerate towards the positive plate
Ability to locate an event in space
Energy
There is the maximum amount of K and NO3 ions; crystals will precipitate out; common-ion effect

35. What is a metathesis rxn?
It has a positive oxidation potential so it is easily oxidized
You look at what is being oxidized and reduced in the problem
V/m or N/C
It is a rxn where you mix aqueous solutions of cations and anions and the ionic cmpds switch the ions with which they were paired

36. What is the doppler equation for wavelength and frequency?
E = (kq)/r^2
Wavelength: (change in y)/(y) = v/c frequency: (change in f)/(f) = -v/c
3+
Attractive molecular forces acting between material surfaces in contact

37. If you have circuit elements in parallel what is the same across them?
Voltage
That it is negative
Well F = GmM/R^2 and force = mg so equating those together g = GM/R^2
When electron falls from high energy to low energy level

38. A nearsighted person has what type of focal length? Thus what do we do to correct this?
Where an event took place
One that has more solute particles per liter of solution
That they are catalysts in the rxn because they react with the substrate and are reformed
Shorter than it should be so rays from a distant object form in front of retina; use divergent lens

39. What do electrolytic techniques involve?
Isolating an atom from minerals by decomposing the minerals with an electric current
Going from solid to gas phase
When HIn is turned into In- - which is dependent upon the pKa of the indicator
A positron or electron; when atomic number goes up you know an electron has been emitted

40. Does the temperature of a water bath or amount of water in a water bath determines if a substance melts?
Gravity
Mv = mv
Attractive molecular forces acting between material surfaces in contact
Only temperature of the water bath

41. How many mL is in one liter?
Accelerated by a higher voltage between the cathode and anode
1000
180 degrees; when there is half a wave distance in phase between two waves
The nucleus gains a proton and no neutrons

42. The visible spectrum ranges from ____ to _____
Only temperature of the water bath
A positron or electron; when atomic number goes up you know an electron has been emitted
400 to 700 nm
A salt and water

43. What happens to the atomic number and atomic mass of an element that go under Beta decay or positron emission?
Yes - if the particle's trail is equidistant between two adjacent anodes
That it is negative
Mass number stays the same but the atomic number increases
P = IV

44. Acetic acid is a ______ solvent
Toward the side with more gaseous molecules; towards the side that doesn't give off as much heat (remember heat is given off when molecules are formed and thus (-) enthalpy)
Gravity
Polar
The regular one

45. How do you find specific gravity of an object?
External components of the circuit
Mass per unit volume compared to water: so if mass is 15 g and displaces 5g of benzene the ratio of object to liquid mass is 15/5 = 3 and then times 3 by the specific gravity of benzene which is 0.7
Ease of polarizability of the molecule and thus increasing molecular weight of mass
The reaction between the base and water

46. What is the net result on a nucleus when you absorb a deuturon and emit a neutron?
The height of the liquid above it ; blood pressure increases because of the force of gravity (P= (density)g(height)
The nucleus gains a proton and no neutrons
A function of the total number of molecules; if there is one mol of CO2 for every 2 mol of H20 then H20 is 2/3 the total pressure
(density[p])(volume)

47. Hydrogen has what kind of standard oxidation or reduction potential?
The density of the water and volume of the lead object
W = F(displacement)
Zero
Energy

48. Melting occurs at what type of temperature? Why?
The nucleus gains a proton and no neutrons
The blood pressure in the leg is greater because the column between the arm and the leg has a hydrostatic pressure
Constant to overcome the heat of fusion (solid to liquid state)
(density[p])(volume)

49. A saturated solution of KNO3 means what? If you add salt that has any of these two ions what will happen? What is this called?
How strong a base is
The lowest whole number ratio of moles of each element in a mole of a cmpd
The nucleus gains a proton and no neutrons
There is the maximum amount of K and NO3 ions; crystals will precipitate out; common-ion effect

50. How do you find the equiv capacitance of capacitors in series and parallel? What about if you are trying to find equivalent resistance?
You see how many moles of each are present and the one with the least is limiting; calculate how many grams/moles of a product will be made
C: series = 1/C + 1/C = 1/C; parallel = C + C = C R: series: R+R = R; parallel = 1/R + 1/R = 1/R
Mag and direction
Constant to overcome the heat of fusion (solid to liquid state)