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DSST Physical Sciences2

Subjects : dsst, science

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. In a galvanic and electrolytic cell - reduction of an ion occurs where? Oxidation of an ion occurs where?
You look at what is being oxidized and reduced in the problem
The nucleus gains a proton and no neutrons
A positron or electron; when atomic number goes up you know an electron has been emitted
Cathode; anode

2. When something is falling what is the force acting on it? Thus what would be the work done?

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3. The temperature of a metal will not increase above its melting point until what?
It minimizes the reabsorption of the light because the light must exit the scintillator to reach the photomultiplier where it is converted to an electrical pulse
Until all of it has been melted because energy is going into it to melt it not to change temperature during its melting
Mv = mv
V/m or N/C

4. The freezing point of an aqueous solution is what kind of property? What does this mean?
The nucleus gains a proton and no neutrons
How strong a base is
The particle's charge and the magnitude of the electric field
Colligative: it depends on the number of solute molecules in a given volume of water

5. At the moment of explosion of an object - what is its momementum? Why? After an explosion what is the total momentum carried by all the fragments?
There is the maximum amount of K and NO3 ions; crystals will precipitate out; common-ion effect
An odd number
Its momentum is zero because velocity is zero; zero because of conservation of momentum
The regular one

6. How do you figure out the literature Ksp value of a compound?
The regular one
Positron because this is known as positron decay/electron capture
They do not differ
A saturated solution in which the aqueous ions are in equilibrium with the solid

7. Half-sine wave shape is what kind of wavelength with regards to length?
No - it increases the speed at which the rxn reaches that equilibrium
L = wavelength/2 so L= (wavelength)(2)
Red
T = (2h/g)^1/2; distance = vt

8. If the source of sound and the listener are traveling side by side at the same speed - what will the change in freq heard by the listener be?
Electron shell number
It experiences a constant electric force of qE and will thus accelerate towards the positive plate
0 Hz because they are traveling side by side at the same speed
Where an event took place

9. A plane mirror produces an image where?
Mass number stays the same but the atomic number increases
A salt and water
The lowest amt than any of the other cmpds with a higher carbon to oxygen ratio
At an equal distance behind it as the object is in front of the mirror

10. What is the principal quantum number (n)?
6.02 x 10^23 ions/mol
A saturated solution in which the aqueous ions are in equilibrium with the solid
Positive
Electron shell number

11. A pendulum moves under the influence of what?
The reaction between the base and water
Sp^3
The lowest amt than any of the other cmpds with a higher carbon to oxygen ratio
Gravity

12. If the equation says that the E^o has (-) voltage when being reduced - but it is being oxidized in the problem - what does the voltage then become?
Positive
The lowest amt than any of the other cmpds with a higher carbon to oxygen ratio
Total internal reflection
(+)

13. Hydrogen has what kind of standard oxidation or reduction potential?
The lowest whole number ratio of moles of each element in a mole of a cmpd
Zero
Force times the distance over which the force acts
NO; reduction-oxidation

14. What does spatial resolution refer to?
Force times the distance over which the force acts
F = GMm/r^2
Ability to locate an event in space
Going from solid to gas phase

15. In radioactive decay the atomic number (A) and mass number (Z) must what?
They must balance
Ability to locate an event in space
The cmpd without the O cannot donate H's like alcohol can to form H bonds with water
Add them together

16. A nearsighted person has what type of focal length? Thus what do we do to correct this?
The lowest whole number ratio of moles of each element in a mole of a cmpd
Shorter than it should be so rays from a distant object form in front of retina; use divergent lens
Look at the reactants and see which atom is being reduced - since it accepts the electron readily and is reduced we can assume it has the highest electron affinity
Negative

17. The visible spectrum ranges from ____ to _____
Cathode; anode
Look at how many times smaller the H concentration becomes with relation to rate law: if rate law says [H] is second order: ((10^-2)^2/(10^-1)^2 = 10^-2 and then times that answer by the original rate
400 to 700 nm
Half of the exponent

18. Why does light travel slower in an optically dense medium than through a vacuum?
Light is absorbed and re-emitted by the atomic structure of the optically dense medium
It will take longer to melt if the water bath is only at 90 degrees rather than 100 degrees because at 100 degrees the temperature is hotter and thus it will melt faster than at 90 degrees
When all the external forces = zero
The lowest whole number ratio of moles of each element in a mole of a cmpd

19. The boiling point of a solution is what type of property? Which means is depends only on what?
Look at how many times smaller the H concentration becomes with relation to rate law: if rate law says [H] is second order: ((10^-2)^2/(10^-1)^2 = 10^-2 and then times that answer by the original rate
Colligative; the number of solute particles present
H has a small atomic radius
Its momentum is zero because velocity is zero; zero because of conservation of momentum

20. The coefficient of kinetic friction is always lower than what? Therefore what?
Decreasing potential energy
Quantum number that dictates the shape of an orbital; how many angular nodes are present? Spherical shape with no angular nodes thus you have 0 for angular momentum quantum number
That of static friction; there is a net accelerating force on the block once it starts to slide
Shorter than it should be so rays from a distant object form in front of retina; use divergent lens

21. In order to increase the kinetic energy of electrons - they must be what?
In the presence of a base
Accelerated by a higher voltage between the cathode and anode
They do not differ
The lowest one

22. Strength of dispersion force increases with what?
6.02 x 10^23 ions/mol
A saturated solution in which the aqueous ions are in equilibrium with the solid
The lowest whole number ratio of moles of each element in a mole of a cmpd
Ease of polarizability of the molecule and thus increasing molecular weight of mass

23. If you are given density and volume how do you find mass?
Density (gravitational constant) height
There is the maximum amount of K and NO3 ions; crystals will precipitate out; common-ion effect
P = IV
(density[p])(volume)

24. In a rxn - how do you figure out which atom has the highest electron affinity?
The mass of an acid that yields one mole of H ions or the mass of a base that reacts with one mole of H ions
P = F(v) = mg(v -terminal)
Look at the reactants and see which atom is being reduced - since it accepts the electron readily and is reduced we can assume it has the highest electron affinity
Its intensity in the spectrum

25. For a given flow rate - the speed of fluid flow is inversely proportional to what?
Pascal (N*m^2)
Ability to locate an event in space
The lowest whole number ratio of moles of each element in a mole of a cmpd
The cross-sectional area through which the fluid flows

26. Equivalent mass is what?
The mass of an acid that yields one mole of H ions or the mass of a base that reacts with one mole of H ions
A constant force on a mass causes it to have a constant acceleration
The force along the board to the normal force
The nucleus gains a proton and no neutrons

27. The probability of an X-ray emission event at a given wavelength is measured by what?
Its intensity in the spectrum
The path is longer on the inclined plane so it will take object longer to reach the bottom
Faraday/electrons
+/- 1/2

28. How many mL is in one liter?
Strong acid and strong base/ weak acid and weak base
The lowest amt than any of the other cmpds with a higher carbon to oxygen ratio
1000
You look at how many electrons are needed to reduce one cmpd and that number will be put in front of that cmpd and you do the same thing that's oxidized as well: review #38 on test #11

29. What is the equation for a period (T)? What is the equation for angular velocity?
T = 2pi/angular velocity; v/r
Helium; 4
(density[p])(volume)
400 to 700 nm

30. What is the net result on a nucleus when you absorb a deuturon and emit a neutron?
Positron emission
The force along the board to the normal force
The nucleus gains a proton and no neutrons
Toward the side with more gaseous molecules; towards the side that doesn't give off as much heat (remember heat is given off when molecules are formed and thus (-) enthalpy)

31. Regarding M(OH)2 and you have solubility (S) - what would the Ksp be?
H = negative and S = positive
Mass number stays the same but the atomic number increases
[S][2S]^2 = 4S^3
Only temperature of the water bath

32. In general what is formed by an acid-base rxn?
A salt and water
[S][2S]^2 = 4S^3
B = pVg; density
You look at what is being oxidized and reduced in the problem

33. What kind of charge is on Al?
When HIn is turned into In- - which is dependent upon the pKa of the indicator
V/m or N/C
3+
1) Young's Modulus 2) Shear Modulus 3) Bulk Modulus

34. If you are given a table of substances and are told to find which two show effect of molecular weight on melting point alone - which two substances should you look for?
How strong a base is
It minimizes the reabsorption of the light because the light must exit the scintillator to reach the photomultiplier where it is converted to an electrical pulse
Isolating an atom from minerals by decomposing the minerals with an electric current
You should look for the two substances that appear to be equal in structure - with no structural differences (or as little as possible)

35. What is the amt of energy that a frictional force generates?
Force times the distance over which the force acts
You look at what is being oxidized and reduced in the problem
The height of the liquid above it ; blood pressure increases because of the force of gravity (P= (density)g(height)
Battery starts off chemical and creates an electrical current which creates thermal energy in the resistors

36. When you are trying to calculate a galvanic cell's emf - what do you look at?
Battery starts off chemical and creates an electrical current which creates thermal energy in the resistors
The density of the water and volume of the lead object
You look at what is being oxidized and reduced in the problem
Mv = mv

37. What gas is evolved when copper is placed in a nitric acid (HNO3) solution? This is what type of rxn?
NO; reduction-oxidation
The cross-sectional area through which the fluid flows
The mass number stays the number but the atomic number decreases by one - usually resulting in another element
H = negative and S = positive

38. If any species is gotten rid of when combining two equations of chemical rxns together what can you conclude about those species?
1) Young's Modulus 2) Shear Modulus 3) Bulk Modulus
There is the maximum amount of K and NO3 ions; crystals will precipitate out; common-ion effect
That they are catalysts in the rxn because they react with the substrate and are reformed
Look at how many times smaller the H concentration becomes with relation to rate law: if rate law says [H] is second order: ((10^-2)^2/(10^-1)^2 = 10^-2 and then times that answer by the original rate

39. What is conserved in an inellastic collision?
L = wavelength/2 so L= (wavelength)(2)
Toward the side with more gaseous molecules; towards the side that doesn't give off as much heat (remember heat is given off when molecules are formed and thus (-) enthalpy)
Decreasing potential energy
Momentum

40. What is the magnetic quantum number?
A constant force on a mass causes it to have a constant acceleration
When HIn is turned into In- - which is dependent upon the pKa of the indicator
Mass per unit volume compared to water: so if mass is 15 g and displaces 5g of benzene the ratio of object to liquid mass is 15/5 = 3 and then times 3 by the specific gravity of benzene which is 0.7
-l to +l

41. Isotopes have diff number of ______ but same what?
You see how many moles of each are present and the one with the least is limiting; calculate how many grams/moles of a product will be made
Electron shell number
Colligative: it depends on the number of solute molecules in a given volume of water
Neutrons; atomic number

42. Why are bonds between H and another atom shorter compared to most?
Yes because ionic zinc has oxidation of (2+) and Zn is easily oxidized so it will displace H and ZnCl2 will be formed
Neutrons; atomic number
H has a small atomic radius
You see how many moles of each are present and the one with the least is limiting; calculate how many grams/moles of a product will be made

43. What is a metathesis rxn?
It will increase as well because they are directly related - only if pressure is kept constant
B = pVg; density
Look at how many times smaller the H concentration becomes with relation to rate law: if rate law says [H] is second order: ((10^-2)^2/(10^-1)^2 = 10^-2 and then times that answer by the original rate
It is a rxn where you mix aqueous solutions of cations and anions and the ionic cmpds switch the ions with which they were paired

44. The equivalence pt is what part of the titration curve? Thus looking at the range of change between the pH values along this part of the graph can tell you what?

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45. If you are told to find the maximum number of NiCo3 that can form how do you do that?

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46. An oxidation-reduction rxn that occurs spontaneously has what kind of E^o for the cell?
Well F = GmM/R^2 and force = mg so equating those together g = GM/R^2
Pascal (N*m^2)
Positive
F =ma and F= qE

47. What is different between an inclined plane and free fall?
Their freq is smaller and energy is smaller; when wavelength is smaller freq is larger and higher energy = more dangerous
Density (gravitational constant) height
The path is longer on the inclined plane so it will take object longer to reach the bottom
400 to 700 nm

48. As a balloon rises in a tank of water what happens to the temperature inside it? Why would this happen?
They do not differ
Mg
It decreases; the work done by the gas in expanding decreases its internal energy
Sp^3

49. If asked which electron configuration of an element is most stable which one do you choose?
The regular one
Where an event took place
The force along the board to the normal force
When HIn is turned into In- - which is dependent upon the pKa of the indicator

50. What is newton's second law?
A constant force on a mass causes it to have a constant acceleration
Red
How much energy is needed to raise one gram of a substance one degree celcius; it tells that you need more energy to increase temperature
How strong a base is