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Earth Science

Subject : science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. As applied to glacier ice & the process by which ice below the snow line is wasted by evaporation and melting.






2. A type of thermal spring which ejects water intermittently with considerable force.






3. Long narrow beaches separated in many places from the mainland by lagoons.






4. The science that deals with the study of the planet Earth--the materials of which it is made & the processes that act to change these materials from one form to another & and the history recorded by these materials; the forces acting to deform the ou






5. A roughly circular reef with an occasional small & low & coral sand island surrounding a shallow lagoon.






6. The initial point within the Earth that ruptures in an earthquake & directly below the epicenter. The point within the Earth which is the center of an earthquake & at which strain energy is first released and converted to elastic wave energy.






7. An isolated & steep-sided & rocky mass or island just offshore from a rocky headland & usually on a shore platform.






8. Pertaining to clastic material formed by volcanic explosion or aerial expulsion from a volcanic vent.






9. (Greek-Aphrodite)named after the Roman goddess of love. It is the planet closest in size to Earth and the second planted from the Sun.






10. Sediment formed by chemical precipitation from water. Example: halite precipitated as the result of the evaporation of sea water.






11. A commonly used measure of earthquake magnitude & based on a logarithmic scale. Each integral step on the scale represents a tenfold increase in the extent of ground shaking & as recorded on a seismograph.






12. The line formed by the intersection of the axial plane of a fold with a bedding plane & marking where the bed shows its maximum curvature.






13. Any form of water & such as rain & sleet & or snow & that falls to Earth's surface.






14. The process by which building stone & usually in blocks or sheets & is extracted from the Earth. radiation -- (Electromagnetic radiation) -- energy that travels through space in the form of waves without the intervention of matter & as in the transp






15. A disease-causing organism or entity & such as a bacterium or virus.






16. An instrument that detects & magnifies & and records vibrations of the Earth & especially earthquakes.






17. Scratches & or small channels & gouged by glacier action. Occur on boulders & pebbles & and bedrock. Striations along bedrock indicate direction of ice movement.






18. The height of a place above sea level.






19. Where one plate slides beneath another plate as the two are pushed together & a subduction zone.






20. A large amount of gas and dust in space & spread out in an immense volume.






21. A substance that produces negatively charged hydroxide ions ( OH- ) in water and reacts with acids to form salts.






22. A detailed mathematical description of the cause-and-effect relationships between events that can be used to predict or explain other such events.






23. Bent rock strata.






24. Soil conditions prevailing in area whose mean annual temperature is 0o C.






25. A small & dust-bearing whirlwind.






26. Reduction of pore space between individual particles as the result of overlying sediments or of tectonic movements.






27. Where one plate slides beneath another plate as the two are pushed together & a subduction zone.






28. A lake of lava & usually basaltic & in a volcanic caldera.






29. Lava extruded beneath water characterized by pillow shapes.






30. The breaking away of ice from the front of the glacier when it ends in a lake or an ocean. Produces icebergs.






31. The tectonic region in which two plates meet.






32. Large area of extremely flat ocean floor lying near a continent and generally over 4 km in depth.






33. The rise and fall of sea level caused by the gravitational pull of the Sun and Moon on the Earth.






34. A measure of the size of an earthquake in terms of the damage it causes.






35. A seismic body wave that involves particle motion & alternating compression and expansion & in the direction of wave propagation. It is the fastest seismic wave. compare S-wave .






36. A broad & deep & generally straight furrow carved in bed rock by the abrasive action of debris embedded in a moving glacier. Larger and deeper than a glacial striation.






37. The naturally occurring material from which a mineral or minerals of economic value can be extracted at a profit.






38. Geologic time expressed in years before the present.






39. The way in which a rock or mineral breaks in random patterns rather than cleaving






40. A method of sediment transport in which the turbulence of a fluid is able to keep particles supported in the fluid.






41. Rock formed from the accumulation of sediment & Which may consist of fragments and mineral grains of varying sizes from pre-existing rocks & remains or products of animals and plants & the products of chemical action & or mixtures of these.






42. Swamp that forms in the low lying flood plain behind a levee.






43. The generally dark & more or less stable part of the organic matter in a soil & so well decomposed that the original sources cannot be identified.






44. A famous scientist who proposed that the Sun was the center of the solar system not the Earth. (Heliocentrism)






45. As applied to glacier ice & the process by which ice below the snow line is wasted by evaporation and melting.






46. An isolated & steep-sided & rocky mass or island just offshore from a rocky headland & usually on a shore platform.






47. A measure of the size of an earthquake in terms of the damage it causes.






48. Refers to rock or sediments made up primarily of broken fragments of pre-existing rocks or minerals.






49. An area subject to dust storms & especially south central United States .






50. A spring whose temperature is 6.5o C or more above mean annual air temperature.







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