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Earth Science

Subject : science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Mountains & characterized by extensive folding and thrust faulting & that form at convergent plate boundaries on continents.






2. The process of removing metal from ore.






3. A large ridge or mound-like structure within a body of water that is built by calcareous organisms such as corals & red algae & and bivalves.






4. The distance between two successive wave crests or troughs.






5. A valley caused by extension of the Earth's crust. Its floor forms as a portion of the crust moves downward along normal faults.






6. Property possessed by certain rocks of breaking with relative ease along parallel planes or nearly parallel surfaces in their crystal structures where the bonds are weakest.






7. The line that separates one drainage basin from another.






8. The Sun with all the celestial bodies that revolve around it.






9. A system involving continuous interaction of the solid Earth & the atmosphere & the oceans and living things.






10. An eruption of lava that takes place from a fracture & usually without producing a cone.






11. An eon of geologic time extending from about 3.9 billion years to 2.5 billion years ago.






12. Heat transport by direct transfer of energy from one particle to another & without moving the particle to a new location.






13. The area immediately below the ground surface within which pore spaces are partially filled with water and partially filled with air.






14. The galaxy where Earth is located.






15. A chuck of rock or dust in space.






16. The green pigment in the cells of many plants that enables them to use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates in the process called photosynthesis.






17. An isolated & steep-sided & rocky mass or island just offshore from a rocky headland & usually on a shore platform.






18. The two days of the year on which the noon sun is directly overhead at either 23.5






19. The top of a wave.






20. A sedimentary rock composed of combustible matter derived from the partial decomposition of plant material.






21. An area of land that delivers runoff water & sediment & and dissolved substances to surface water bodies & such as rivers or lakes. All watersheds consist of boundaries & a basin and collection areas.






22. A soft compact calcite & CaCO3 & with varying amounts of silica & quartz & feldspar & or other mineral impurities & generally gray-white or yellow-white and derived chiefly from fossil seashells.






23. Pluto is named after the Roman god of the Underworld. No longer considered a planet.






24. Applies to igneous rocks that cool on the surface of the Earth & including beneath water; typically with small crystals due to the rapidity of cooling. Synonym of extrusive. Antonym of plutonic.






25. The breaking away of ice from the front of the glacier when it ends in a lake or an ocean. Produces icebergs.






26. To change back and forth uncertainly.






27. He area from which a stream and its tributaries receives its water.






28. He area from which a stream and its tributaries receives its water.






29. A segment of an active fault zone that has not experienced a major earthquake during a time period when most other segments of the zone have. They are generally regarded as having a higher potential for future earthquakes.






30. A volcano that is composed of alternating layers of lava and pyroclastic material & along with abundant dikes and sills. Viscous & intermediate lava may flow from a central vent. Example: Mt. Fuji in Japan.






31. The very small particles of dirt & soot & and other pollutants that are present in the air.






32. A large & basin-shaped volcanic depression & more or less circular in form. Typically steep-sided & found at the summit of a shield volcano.






33. The uprush of a wave onto the beach followed by the return flow of the water down the beach slope in the intervals between waves.






34. Deep steep-sided depression in the ocean floor caused by the subduction of oceanic crust beneath either other oceanic crust or continental crust.






35. The great circle on the Earth's surface passing through The North and South Poles & which is considered 0 degrees longitude. The prime meridian passes through Greenwich & England & and is used as a reference point for measuring longitude east and w






36. The Earth's crust underlying the ocean basins which is formed at mid-oceanic ridges. It is typically 5 to 10 kilometers thick composed of basalt.






37. An instrument that detects & magnifies & and records vibrations of the Earth & especially earthquakes.






38. The straightening and/or deepening of a river channel.






39. Iron & aluminum & magnesium & manganese & and titanium. Ores of the abundant metals only need to be 3 - 5 times as metal-rich as average rock.






40. Produced as a wave steepens and falls forward as the wave nears the shore.






41. Similar to a groin but built to keep sand out of a harbor entrance.






42. A floating ice sheet extending across water from a land-based glacier.






43. The perpendicular or very steep descent of a stream.






44. A person who makes maps.






45. Where two plates are moving in opposite directions as in a mid-ocean ridge.






46. A small & dust-bearing whirlwind.






47. A term applied to large areas of basaltic lava presumably extruded from fissures.






48. A general term for a relatively hard layer of soil at or just below the ground surface & cemented by silica & iron oxide & calcium carbonate & or organic matter.






49. A device containing a free-swinging magnetic needle that is attracted to Earth's magnetic North Pole. Used to determine direction of travel.






50. The most recent eon of geologic time beginning 570 million years ago and continuing to the present.







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