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Test your basic knowledge |
Earth Science
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Heat extracted from the Earth for use as an power source.
tidal delta
biogenic sediment
geothermal energy
zone of leaching
2. A statement of relative age in layered rocks: In a series of sedimentary rocks that has not been overturned & the topmost layer is always the youngest and the bottommost layer is always the oldest.
column
conserve
neptune
superposition
3. A person who makes maps.
lava
strip mining
cartographer
atmosphere
4. The part of the crust that directly underlies the continents and continental shelves. Averages about 35 km in thickness & but may be over 70 km thick under largest mountain ranges.
crystal
barrier beaches
continental crust
reef
5. Produced as a wave steepens and falls forward as the wave nears the shore.
surf
equinox
aquifer
Mesozoic
6. Highly mafic igneous volcanic rock & typically fine-grained and dark in color; rough volcanic equivalent of gabbro. Basalt is the most abundant volcanic rock in the Earth's crust.
plutonic
continental shelf
flash flood
basalt
7. A spring whose temperature is 6.5o C or more above mean annual air temperature.
kettle
striations
scale
thermal spring
8. A dense & hot (sometimes incandescent) cloud of volcanic ash and gas produced in a Pelean eruption.
sand dune
elevation
nuee ardente
intrusive
9. The acidity in rain due to gases from internal combustion engines and coal- and oil-burning power plants.
acid rain
chlorophyll
snow line
moon
10. A soft compact calcite & CaCO3 & with varying amounts of silica & quartz & feldspar & or other mineral impurities & generally gray-white or yellow-white and derived chiefly from fossil seashells.
convergent boundary
breakwater
lava lake
chalk
11. The processes (mechanical and chemical) responsible for the wearing away & loosening & and dissolving of materials of the Earth's crust.
Greenhouse Effect
Andromeda
erosion
foliated
12. Where two plates collide to form mountains.
magnetic pole
star
seafloor spreading
collisional Boundary
13. Open pit mining & typically for coal.
strip mining
crystal
shield volcano
prairie
14. An eruption of lava that takes place from a fracture & usually without producing a cone.
wind farm
Venus
fissure eruption
Pillow Lava
15. The theory of Plate Tectonics states that the Earth's crust is fragmented into a dozen or more large and small pieces floating on a semi-molten mantle.
ozone
plate tectonics
pothole
Mars
16. Surficial mining & in which the valuable rock is exposed by removal of overlying rock or soil.
plate tectonics
flash flood
open pit mining
dust devil
17. An accumulation of wind driven sand into a distinctive shape.
sand dune
pH
sinkhole
renewable resources
18. A detailed mathematical description of the cause-and-effect relationships between events that can be used to predict or explain other such events.
scientific model
ecosystem
exotic river
streak
19. Bent rock strata.
equinox
Cenozoic
drift
fold
20. The amount of material a stream carries in suspension.
triangulation
sextant
acid
suspended load
21. An individual grain or constituent of a rock.
crevasse
seismoscope
clast
estuary
22. A large & basin-shaped volcanic depression & more or less circular in form. Typically steep-sided & found at the summit of a shield volcano.
caldera
elevation
mineral
anemometer
23. A cavity in a lava & formed by the entrapment of a gas bubble during solidification of the lava.
vesicle
intensity
deflation
rockslide (rock avalanche)
24. A group of stars that appear to make a pattern in the sky. The Big Dipper is a constellation.
mineral deposit
rainforest
constellation
ablation
25. Iron & aluminum & magnesium & manganese & and titanium. Ores of the abundant metals only need to be 3 - 5 times as metal-rich as average rock.
cementation
abundant metal
meander
crust
26. The current geologic era & which began 66.4 million years ago and continues to the present.
cleavage
Cenozoic
galaxy
magnetic polarity
27. A wall built out from the shore & usually at perpendicular to it to trap sand carried by longshore currents .
magnetic polarity
continental rise
groin
atlas
28. An imaginary circle around the earth that represents the halfway mark between the North and South Poles and establishes the boundary between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.
equator
period
atlas
volcanic ash
29. To change back and forth uncertainly.
fold and thrust mountains
kettle
fluctuate
aftershock
30. A valley carved by glacier erosion and whose cross-valley profile has steep sides and a nearly flat floor & suggestive of a large letter 'you'.
subduction
you-shaped valley
groin
convection
31. To change back and forth uncertainly.
nova -- (Supernova)
Earth system
fluctuate
continent
32. A small ice sheet.
isostatic change in sea level
conduction
dust devil
icecap
33. Flat land covered with tall grass and wildflowers.
hemisphere
prairie
eclipse
magnetic polarity
34. Occurs at the intersection of the water table with the ground surface.
spring
neptune
metamorphic rock
escarpment
35. The very small particles of dirt & soot & and other pollutants that are present in the air.
Milky Way
particulate air pollution
hydrologic cycle
cinder cone
36. A thick layer of soil.
ozone
pH
sod
fissure eruption
37. A post of dripstone growing up from a cave floor.
stalagmite
compass
wave height
crystal
38. A steep-sided rounded extrusion of highly viscous lava squeezed out from a volcano and forming a dome-shaped or bulbous mass above and around the volcanic vent. The structure generally develops inside a volcanic crater.
star
biogenic sedimentary rock
lava dome
salinity
39. The chronological sequence of units of Earth time.
geologic time scale
basin
neptune
icecap
40. The green pigment in the cells of many plants that enables them to use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates in the process called photosynthesis.
beach
chlorophyll
stratum
beach
41. A vent on the seafloor from which hydrothermal fluids are emitted. Upon mixing with seawater and cooling & the fluids precipitate a cloud of fine-grained sulfide minerals that resembles a cloud of black smoke.
ground water
Global Positioning System (GPS)
black smoker
nuee ardente
42. A large area of flat or nearly flat land.
marine Chronometer
magnitude
plain
silicate
43. The rigid outer shell of the Earth. It includes the crust and uppermost mantle and is on the order of 100 km in thickness.
continental rise
subtropical deserts
lithosphere
barrier beaches
44. The zones of seismic activity long which plates are in contact.
tide
plate boundaries
fjord
focus
45. A sedimentary rock composed of combustible matter derived from the partial decomposition of plant material.
oal
secchi disk
storm surge
seismoscope
46. Pertaining to or composed of granite & a coarse-grained igneous rock dominated by light-colored minerals & consisting of about 50 percent orthoclase & 25 percent quartz & and balance of feldspars and ferromagnesian silicates. Granite is commonly foun
fluctuate
Precambrian
granitic
fold
47. A cyclical pattern of movement in a fluid body such as the ocean & the atmosphere & or the Earth's mantle & driven by density variations which in turn are the result of differences in temperature from one part of the fluid to another.
convection cell
shore
neptune
nautical mile
48. The tendency of a moving object to continue in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place.
sod
inertia
compression fossil
thermal spring
49. Heat transport by direct transfer of energy from one particle to another & without moving the particle to a new location.
conduction
wave crest
Saturn
coast
50. The Earth's crust underlying the ocean basins which is formed at mid-oceanic ridges. It is typically 5 to 10 kilometers thick composed of basalt.
transform boundary
asthenosphere
oceanic crust
atlas