Test your basic knowledge |

Earth Science

Subject : science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Igneous. Antonym of intrusive. Synonym of volcanic. Pertaining to igneous rocks or features formed from lava released on the Earth's surface.






2. The process of one plate descending beneath another.






3. A building that contains one or more telescopes.






4. A measure of the size of an earthquake in terms of the damage it causes.






5. To wash or scrub away.






6. Verifying assessments made from satellite data by doing direct & 'on-the ground' measurements.






7. A guide to reading a map that typically contains distance scales & arrows indicating direction & and/or explanations of symbols used.






8. He area from which a stream and its tributaries receives its water.






9. A volcanic mountain on the seafloor. If flat-topped & it is a guyot.






10. An icicle-shaped accumulation of dripstone hanging from cave roof.






11. Applies to igneous rocks that cool on the surface of the Earth & including beneath water; typically with small crystals due to the rapidity of cooling. Synonym of extrusive. Antonym of plutonic.






12. A famous scientist who proposed that the Sun was the center of the solar system not the Earth. (Heliocentrism)






13. The very slow & generally continuous downslope movement of soil and debris under the influence of gravity.






14. The closest star to Earth besides the sun. It is approximately 4 light years away.






15. Gases that can be dissociated by solar radiation & which releases chlorine & which in turn destroys ozone.

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16. Glacial deposits laid down directly by glaciers or laid down in lakes & ocean & or streams as result of glacial activity.






17. The accumulation of material in layers or beds.






18. Any accumulation of material & by settling from water or air & chemical precipitation & evaporation from solution & etc.






19. A measure of the strength of an earthquake based on the amount of movement recorded by a seismograph . compare Richter scale.






20. A lake in an abandoned meander.






21. The perpendicular or very steep descent of a stream.






22. A commonly used scale of earthquake intensity.






23. A sedimentary rock composed of combustible matter derived from the partial decomposition of plant material.






24. Objects revolving around the sun that are too small and too numerous to be considered planets.






25. A hole or basin cut into bedrock of a stream by the abrasive action of pebbles and sand swirled by turbulent stream flow.






26. A soft compact calcite & CaCO3 & with varying amounts of silica & quartz & feldspar & or other mineral impurities & generally gray-white or yellow-white and derived chiefly from fossil seashells.






27. The weak or 'soft' zone in the upper mantle just below the lithosphere & involved in plate movement and isostatic adjustments. It lies 70 to 100 km below the surface and may extend to a depth of 400 km.






28. The dust-sized & sharp-edged & glassy particles resulting from an explosive volcanic eruption.






29. The arrangement of rock units in the proper chronological order from youngest to oldest.






30. The green pigment in the cells of many plants that enables them to use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates in the process called photosynthesis.






31. Heat extracted from the Earth for use as an power source.






32. Deposits of wind-borne dust.






33. A sea level change due to change in load on Earth's crust.






34. Mountains & characterized by extensive folding and thrust faulting & that form at convergent plate boundaries on continents.






35. A type of disintegration in which jointed rock is forced apart by the expansion of water as it freezes in fractures.






36. Flat land covered with tall grass and wildflowers.






37. A coral reef attached directly to the mainland.






38. Open pit mining & typically for coal.






39. That portion of the Earth below the crust and reaching to about 2 &780 km & where a transition zone of about 100 km thickness separates it from the core.






40. Enormous & thick sheets of rock that are part of the Earth's upper mantle that move and adjoin each other along zones of seismic activity. Many tectonic plates extend underneath both continents and sea floor.






41. The weak or 'soft' zone in the upper mantle just below the lithosphere & involved in plate movement and isostatic adjustments. It lies 70 to 100 km below the surface and may extend to a depth of 400 km.






42. A wall built out from the shore & usually at perpendicular to it to trap sand carried by longshore currents .






43. A natural depression in the surface of the land caused by the collapse of the roof of a cavern or subterranean passage & generally occurring in limestone regions.






44. That portion of the resources for a valuable mineral commodity that can be extracted from the Earth at a profit today.






45. An aggregate of one or more minerals in varying proportions.






46. A broad & deep & generally straight furrow carved in bed rock by the abrasive action of debris embedded in a moving glacier. Larger and deeper than a glacial striation.






47. A minor tremor that precedes an earthquake. An increase in seismicity may signal that a major release of strain energy is about to occur.






48. The distance light travels through a vacuum in one year.






49. An individual grain or constituent of a rock.






50. Turbulent stream water flow down a steep gradient & but not as steep as in a waterfall.