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Earth Science

Subject : science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. In the geologic time scale a unit of time less than an era and greater than an epoch. Example: The Tertiary period was the earliest period in the Cenozoic era and included & among others & the Eocene epoch.






2. Objects revolving around the sun that are too small and too numerous to be considered planets.






3. A valley carved by glacier erosion and whose cross-valley profile has steep sides and a nearly flat floor & suggestive of a large letter 'you'.






4. Evidence in rock of the presence of past life & such as a dinosaur bone & an ancient clam shell & or the footprint of a long-extinct animal as well as life history artifacts.






5. The straightening and/or deepening of a river channel.






6. A method of sediment transport in which the turbulence of a fluid is able to keep particles supported in the fluid.






7. The tectonic region in which two plates meet.






8. A person who makes maps.






9. A rigid segment of the Earth's lithosphere that moves horizontally and adjoins other plates along zones of seismic activity. Plates may include portions of both continents and ocean basins.






10. A device containing a free-swinging magnetic needle that is attracted to Earth's magnetic North Pole. Used to determine direction of travel.






11. A glaciated valley now flooded by the sea.






12. Deposition of fine mineral particles (silt) on the beds of streams or lakes.






13. The current geologic era & which began 66.4 million years ago and continues to the present.






14. The low spot between two successive waves.






15. A soft compact calcite & CaCO3 & with varying amounts of silica & quartz & feldspar & or other mineral impurities & generally gray-white or yellow-white and derived chiefly from fossil seashells.






16. An artificial hill formed by the debris of successive human settlements.






17. The transformation of a soil from a solid to a liquid state as the result of increased pore pressure.






18. All unconsolidated materials above bedrock. Natural earthy materials on the Earth's surface & in places modified or even made by human activity & containing living matter & and supporting or capable of supporting plants out of doors.






19. A delta formed at both sides of a tidal inlet.






20. A valley carved by glacier erosion and whose cross-valley profile has steep sides and a nearly flat floor & suggestive of a large letter 'you'.






21. A commonly used scale of earthquake intensity.






22. The sum of the processes that result in the wearing away or the progressive lowering of the Earth's surface by weathering & erosion & mass wasting & and transportation.






23. The rigid outer shell of the Earth. It includes the crust and uppermost mantle and is on the order of 100 km in thickness.






24. Rock formed from the accumulation of sediment & Which may consist of fragments and mineral grains of varying sizes from pre-existing rocks & remains or products of animals and plants & the products of chemical action & or mixtures of these.






25. The direction & north (normal) or south (reversed) & that a magnetic compass needle points.






26. The principle that states the processes operating to change the Earth in the present also operated in the past.






27. A depression in the ground formed by the melting of a block of glacier ice buried or partially buried by drift.






28. Banks of sand and silt along stream bank built by deposition in small increments during successive floods.






29. An astronomical instrument for measuring angles & primarily altitude of celestial bodies to determine latitude.






30. A narrow strip of land along the margin of the ocean extending inland for a variable distance from low water mark.






31. The perpendicular or very steep descent of a stream.






32. The straightening and/or deepening of a river channel.






33. An accumulation of wind driven sand into a distinctive shape.






34. A sea wave produced by any large-scale & short duration disturbance on the seafloor & commonly a shallow submarine earthquake but possibly also a submarine slide or volcanic eruption.






35. A delta formed at both sides of a tidal inlet.






36. 1. A steep-walled & usually conical depression at the summit or on the flanks of a volcano & resulting from the explosive ejection of material from a vent. 2. A bowl-shaped depression with a raised & overturned rim produced by the impact of a meteori






37. Any porous and permeable rock that yields oil or natural gas.






38. The average weather conditions of an area over many years & as measured by temperature & wind speed & and precipitation.






39. Imaginary lines on a map or globe that measure distance in degrees east or west of the prime meridian. Longitude lines extend vertically & from pole to pole on a globe.






40. A pillar formed as a stalactite and stalagmite meet.






41. A Hawaiian term for a lava flow that has a rough & jagged surface.






42. An ingredient in a food or other substance that nourishes or promotes growth.






43. A type of thermal spring which ejects water intermittently with considerable force.






44. The surface between the zone of saturation and the zone of aeration.






45. Mountains & characterized by extensive folding and thrust faulting & that form at convergent plate boundaries on continents.






46. The closest star to Earth besides the sun. It is approximately 4 light years away.






47. The color of a mineral in its powdered form obtained from scraping a sample on a ceramic plate






48. A study designed to collect critical data to be used for comparison or as a control in a later study.






49. The theory of Plate Tectonics states that the Earth's crust is fragmented into a dozen or more large and small pieces floating on a semi-molten mantle.






50. A time of unusual winds and currents in the Pacific Ocean . El Nino generally causes warmer-than-normal sea surface temperatures and increased rainfall and storm activity.







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