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Earth Science

Subject : science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A disease-causing organism or entity & such as a bacterium or virus.






2. A large & basin-shaped volcanic depression & more or less circular in form. Typically steep-sided & found at the summit of a shield volcano.






3. That portion of the Earth below the crust and reaching to about 2 &780 km & where a transition zone of about 100 km thickness separates it from the core.






4. An instrument that merely indicates the occurrence of an earthquake.






5. Pertaining to or composed of granite & a coarse-grained igneous rock dominated by light-colored minerals & consisting of about 50 percent orthoclase & 25 percent quartz & and balance of feldspars and ferromagnesian silicates. Granite is commonly foun






6. Bent rock strata.






7. The tendency of a moving object to continue in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place.






8. The point on the Earth's surface where a magnetic needle points vertically downward (north magnetic pole) or vertically upward (south magnetic pole).






9. A valley caused by extension of the Earth's crust. Its floor forms as a portion of the crust moves downward along normal faults.






10. Living on land.






11. The formation & advance and retreat of glaciers and the results of these activities.






12. The initial point within the Earth that ruptures in an earthquake & directly below the epicenter. The point within the Earth which is the center of an earthquake & at which strain energy is first released and converted to elastic wave energy.






13. A guide to reading a map that typically contains distance scales & arrows indicating direction & and/or explanations of symbols used.






14. Heat extracted from the Earth for use as an power source.






15. A device built to study distant objects by making them appear closer.






16. Igneous. Antonym of intrusive. Synonym of volcanic. Pertaining to igneous rocks or features formed from lava released on the Earth's surface.






17. Plutonic. Antonym of extrusive. Pertaining to igneous rocks or features formed by the emplacement of magma in pre-existing rocks.






18. A sedimentary rock made up of chemical sediments. Example: rock salt.






19. The average weather conditions of an area over many years & as measured by temperature & wind speed & and precipitation.






20. The height of a place above sea level.






21. A thickened elevated region of Earth's crust that is mainly (but not entirely) above sea level.






22. Synonym of intrusive. Antonym of volcanic. Applies to igneous rocks formed beneath the surface of the Earth; typically with large crystals due to the slowness of cooling.






23. A type of volcanic eruption characterized by nuees ardentes and the development of lava domes.






24. The sum of the processes that result in the wearing away or the progressive lowering of the Earth's surface by weathering & erosion & mass wasting & and transportation.






25. The peak flow of water that tops the banks of a stream channel.






26. The distance between two successive wave crests or troughs.






27. A large area of flat or nearly flat land.






28. Fossils formed when water containing minerals leaks into a mold. The minerals harden to form a copy of the original structure or organism.






29. A rock changed from its original form and/or composition by heat & pressure &shearing stress & or chemically active fluids & or some combination of them.






30. An eon of geologic time extending from about 3.9 billion years to 2.5 billion years ago.






31. Where one plate slides beneath another plate as the two are pushed together & a subduction zone.






32. A study designed to collect critical data to be used for comparison or as a control in a later study.






33. Jupiter is named after the Roman king of the gods. It is the fifth planet from the Sun.






34. A process of land degradation initiated by human activity & particularly in the zones along the margins of deserts.






35. The dust-sized & sharp-edged & glassy particles resulting from an explosive volcanic eruption.






36. The surface between the zone of saturation and the zone of aeration.






37. An era of time during the Phanerozoic eon lasting from 245 million years ago to 66.4 million ago.






38. The principle that states the processes operating to change the Earth in the present also operated in the past.






39. A device containing a free-swinging magnetic needle that is attracted to Earth's magnetic North Pole. Used to determine direction of travel.






40. Swamp that forms in the low lying flood plain behind a levee.






41. The zone below the zone of aeration in which all pore spaces are filled with water.






42. Verifying assessments made from satellite data by doing direct & 'on-the ground' measurements.






43. A blanket of wind-driven sand with an upper surface about a meter above ground level.






44. The low spot between two successive waves.






45. The prediction that climate will warm as a result of the addition to the atmosphere of humanly produced greenhouse gases.






46. The environment where a particular plant or animal is normally found.






47. A statement of relative age in layered rocks: In a series of sedimentary rocks that has not been overturned & the topmost layer is always the youngest and the bottommost layer is always the oldest.






48. All of space and everything in it.






49. Sediments produced directly by the life processes of plants or animals.






50. To preserve & or to avoid wasteful use.







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