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Earth Science

Subject : science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 1. A steep-walled & usually conical depression at the summit or on the flanks of a volcano & resulting from the explosive ejection of material from a vent. 2. A bowl-shaped depression with a raised & overturned rim produced by the impact of a meteori






2. The pattern of water circulation from the ocean to the atmosphere to the land and back to the ocean.






3. Living parts of the environment that can renew or replace themselves.






4. An informal term to include all geologic time from the beginning of the Earth to the beginning of the Cambrian period 570 million years ago.






5. A permeable region of rock or soil through which ground water can move.






6. The symbol used on a map to indicate directions & both cardinal and ordinal.






7. Formed when an organism is flattened (compressed) and a thin film of organic material from its body is left in the rock.






8. Mountains & characterized by extensive folding and thrust faulting & that form at convergent plate boundaries on continents.






9. A volcano that is composed of alternating layers of lava and pyroclastic material & along with abundant dikes and sills. Viscous & intermediate lava may flow from a central vent. Example: Mt. Fuji in Japan.






10. The reflection of light on a given mineral's surface & classified by intensity and quality.






11. Either the northern or southern half of the Earth as divided by the equator & or the eastern or western half as divided by a meridian.






12. The way in which a rock or mineral breaks in random patterns rather than cleaving






13. The sudden fall of one or more large pieces of a rock from a cliff.






14. The solid innermost part of the core with a diameter of a little over 1 &200 km.






15. A type of thermal spring which ejects water intermittently with considerable force.






16. A type of disintegration in which jointed rock is forced apart by the expansion of water as it freezes in fractures.






17. An abandoned meander .






18. The very small particles of dirt & soot & and other pollutants that are present in the air.






19. The process by which ocean floors spread laterally from crests of main ocean ridges. As material moves laterally from the ridge & new material replaces it along the ridge crest by welling upward from the mantle.






20. Lacking in rainfall & very dry.






21. Imaginary lines on a map or globe that measure distance in degrees east or west of the prime meridian. Longitude lines extend vertically & from pole to pole on a globe.






22. A worldwide change in sea level & such as caused by melting glaciers.






23. A supercontinent that existed from the Jurassic to Early Tertiary after splitting from Pangea; composed of Laurentia & Baltica & Avalonia & (modern North America & Scandinavia & Greenland & Western and Central Europe); eventually fragmented into Eur






24. Igneous. Antonym of intrusive. Synonym of volcanic. Pertaining to igneous rocks or features formed from lava released on the Earth's surface.






25. Banks of sand and silt along stream bank built by deposition in small increments during successive floods.






26. A vent on the seafloor from which hydrothermal fluids are emitted. Upon mixing with seawater and cooling & the fluids precipitate a cloud of fine-grained sulfide minerals that resembles a cloud of black smoke.






27. A flat & dry plain covered with short grass.






28. A general term including both oil and natural gas.






29. A period of dryness & that when prolonged & causes damage to crops; a shortage of water.






30. The innermost zone of Earth. It consists of two parts & an outer liquid section and an inner solid section & both chiefly of iron and nickel with about 10 percent lighter elements. It is surrounded by the mantle.






31. Scratches & or small channels & gouged by glacier action. Occur on boulders & pebbles & and bedrock. Striations along bedrock indicate direction of ice movement.






32. A geometrical form taken by a mineral & giving external expression to orderly internal atomic arrangement.






33. Any solid material that has settled out of a state of suspension in liquid.






34. The surface between the zone of saturation and the zone of aeration.






35. As applied to glacier ice & the process by which ice below the snow line is wasted by evaporation and melting.






36. A waste material that contaminates air & water & or soil.






37. The first scientist to make systematic use of the telescope in looking at the heavens.






38. The upper horizons in a soil & through which gravitational moisture travels & removing soluble decomposition products.






39. A measure of acidity.






40. An area of land that delivers runoff water & sediment & and dissolved substances to surface water bodies & such as rivers or lakes. All watersheds consist of boundaries & a basin and collection areas.






41. A slide involving a downward and usually sudden movement of newly detached segments of bedrock sliding or slipping over an inclined surface of weakness such as a bedding plane & fault plane & or joint surface.






42. A measure of the strength of an earthquake based on the amount of movement recorded by a seismograph . compare Richter scale.






43. 1. A steep-walled & usually conical depression at the summit or on the flanks of a volcano & resulting from the explosive ejection of material from a vent. 2. A bowl-shaped depression with a raised & overturned rim produced by the impact of a meteori






44. A process of erosion in which wind carries off particles of dust and sand.






45. The great circle on the Earth's surface passing through The North and South Poles & which is considered 0 degrees longitude. The prime meridian passes through Greenwich & England & and is used as a reference point for measuring longitude east and w






46. The rise and fall of sea level caused by the gravitational pull of the Sun and Moon on the Earth.






47. A permeable region of rock or soil through which ground water can move.






48. A type of disintegration in which jointed rock is forced apart by the expansion of water as it freezes in fractures.






49. Heat extracted from the Earth for use as an power source.






50. A rock that has crystallized from a molten state.







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