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Test your basic knowledge |
Earth Science
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A wall built out from the shore & usually at perpendicular to it to trap sand carried by longshore currents .
deflation
zone of saturation
groin
levees
2. The vertical distance between the crest and adjacent trough of a wave.
atlas
mantle
wave height
waterfall
3. A depression in the ground formed by the melting of a block of glacier ice buried or partially buried by drift.
disintegration (mechanical weathering)
compression fossil
kettle
fetch
4. A lake of lava & usually basaltic & in a volcanic caldera.
lava lake
ozone layer
storm surge
rapids
5. A segment of an active fault zone that has not experienced a major earthquake during a time period when most other segments of the zone have. They are generally regarded as having a higher potential for future earthquakes.
constellation
seismic gap
urban
erratic
6. No identifiable layers of minerals in a rock sample
sod
oal
particulate air pollution
nonfoliated
7. The speed at which water flows.
ground water
outer core
current speed
transcontinental
8. An area in which a large number of windmills have been erected to generate electrical power.
wind farm
rockslide (rock avalanche)
observator
barrier beaches
9. The zones of seismic activity long which plates are in contact.
groove
oal
plate boundaries
rift (graben)
10. A stone or boulder & glacially transported from place of origin and left in an area of different bedrock composition.
shield volcano
axis
erratic
conserve
11. A valley carved by glacier erosion and whose cross-valley profile has steep sides and a nearly flat floor & suggestive of a large letter 'you'.
exotic river
streak
you-shaped valley
universe
12. A mudflow composed chiefly of pyroclastic material on the flanks of a volcano.
primary productivity
El Nino
lahar
scientific model
13. The distance light travels through a vacuum in one year.
light-year
nutrient
transform boundary
erratic
14. Glacial deposits laid down directly by glaciers or laid down in lakes & ocean & or streams as result of glacial activity.
permafrost
drift
geyser
bedrock
15. The very small particles of dirt & soot & and other pollutants that are present in the air.
intertidal zone
particulate air pollution
quarrying
Venus
16. A coral reef separated from the mainland by a lagoon.
clast
till (unstratified drift)
barrier reef
acid rain
17. Living in water.
aquatic
water table
Pelean eruption
marine Chronometer
18. A glaciated valley now flooded by the sea.
ice sheet
moon
fjord
comet
19. The relationship between distances in the area being mapped and distances in the map itself.
salinization
triangulation
telescope
scale
20. The processes (mechanical and chemical) responsible for the wearing away & loosening & and dissolving of materials of the Earth's crust.
asthenosphere
mineral
fluctuate
erosion
21. Any porous and permeable rock that yields oil or natural gas.
isthmus
petroleum
reservoir rock
cave
22. The outermost part of the core. It is liquid & about 1 &700 km thick & and separated from the inner & solid core by a transition zone about 565 km thick.
acid
scour
eclipse
outer core
23. Living parts of the environment that can renew or replace themselves.
wind farm
particulate air pollution
renewable resources
subtropical deserts
24. A sedimentary rock made up of chemical sediments. Example: rock salt.
chemical sedimentary rock
Pillow Lava
deflation
constellation
25. A general term for a relatively hard layer of soil at or just below the ground surface & cemented by silica & iron oxide & calcium carbonate & or organic matter.
hardpan
seismic gap
hot spot
magnetic polarity
26. The formation & advance and retreat of glaciers and the results of these activities.
runoff
nova -- (Supernova)
pothole
glaciation
27. A small & dust-bearing whirlwind.
renewable resources
meteoroid
dust devil
watershed
28. 1. A steep-walled & usually conical depression at the summit or on the flanks of a volcano & resulting from the explosive ejection of material from a vent. 2. A bowl-shaped depression with a raised & overturned rim produced by the impact of a meteori
divergent boundary
Continntal Drift Theory
mineral
crater
29. A vent on the seafloor from which hydrothermal fluids are emitted. Upon mixing with seawater and cooling & the fluids precipitate a cloud of fine-grained sulfide minerals that resembles a cloud of black smoke.
black smoker
rockslide (rock avalanche)
abyssal plain
abyssal plain
30. A measure of the size of an earthquake in terms of the damage it causes.
Prime Meridian
Uranus
intensity
star
31. The sum of the processes that result in the wearing away or the progressive lowering of the Earth's surface by weathering & erosion & mass wasting & and transportation.
kettle
fetch
denudation
lahar
32. The arrangement of rock units in the proper chronological order from youngest to oldest.
coast
geologic column
surf
channelization
33. The principle that states the processes operating to change the Earth in the present also operated in the past.
terrestrial
silicate
Uniformitarianism
p- wave (primary wave & compressional wave)
34. The acidity in rain due to gases from internal combustion engines and coal- and oil-burning power plants.
global warming
glacier
isostatic change in sea level
acid rain
35. The attractive force between two objects; its magnitude depends on their masses and the distance between them.
lava dome
Phanerozoic
gravity
exotic river
36. A broad & deep & generally straight furrow carved in bed rock by the abrasive action of debris embedded in a moving glacier. Larger and deeper than a glacial striation.
decomposition (chemical weathering)
Global Positioning System (GPS)
continental slope
groove
37. A group of islands; an expanse of water with scattered islands.
Venus
clast
resources
archipelago
38. The naturally occurring material from which a mineral or minerals of economic value can be extracted at a profit.
asteroid
ore
arch
divergent boundary
39. A device containing a free-swinging magnetic needle that is attracted to Earth's magnetic North Pole. Used to determine direction of travel.
compass
glaciation
viscosity
isthmus
40. A vent in the surface of the Earth & from which lava & ash & and gases erupt.
rock cycle
secchi disk
volcano
floodplain
41. Applies to igneous rocks that cool on the surface of the Earth & including beneath water; typically with small crystals due to the rapidity of cooling. Synonym of extrusive. Antonym of plutonic.
period
Mesozoic
archipelago
volcanic
42. The accumulation of material in layers or beds.
peat
orogeny
stratification
tell
43. All unconsolidated materials above bedrock. Natural earthy materials on the Earth's surface & in places modified or even made by human activity & containing living matter & and supporting or capable of supporting plants out of doors.
oxbow
soil
dust bowl
waterfall
44. Extending across a continent.
transcontinental
water table
coast
continental crust
45. A soft compact calcite & CaCO3 & with varying amounts of silica & quartz & feldspar & or other mineral impurities & generally gray-white or yellow-white and derived chiefly from fossil seashells.
creep
chalk
climate
cinder cone
46. Gases (primarily water and carbon dioxide & but also a variety of sulfur and nitrogen compounds and gaseous hydrocarbons) that trap the Sun's heat in the atmosphere.
greenhouse gases
kettle
aftershock
humus
47. The great circle on the Earth's surface passing through The North and South Poles & which is considered 0 degrees longitude. The prime meridian passes through Greenwich & England & and is used as a reference point for measuring longitude east and w
Prime Meridian
galaxy
El Nino
outcrop
48. The green pigment in the cells of many plants that enables them to use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates in the process called photosynthesis.
cartographer
chlorophyll
shield volcano
stalactite
49. An isolated & steep-sided & rocky mass or island just offshore from a rocky headland & usually on a shore platform.
stalactite
shore
seastack
Copernicus & Nicholas
50. Pertaining to or composed of granite & a coarse-grained igneous rock dominated by light-colored minerals & consisting of about 50 percent orthoclase & 25 percent quartz & and balance of feldspars and ferromagnesian silicates. Granite is commonly foun
outcrop
Laurasia
granitic
body wave