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Test your basic knowledge |
Earth Science
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake.
cone of depression
epicenter
rapids
scour
2. Any accumulation of material & by settling from water or air & chemical precipitation & evaporation from solution & etc.
landforms
hardness
fluctuate
deposition
3. Any accumulation of material & by settling from water or air & chemical precipitation & evaporation from solution & etc.
lithosphere
Mesozoic
deposition
pollutant
4. A valley caused by extension of the Earth's crust. Its floor forms as a portion of the crust moves downward along normal faults.
striations
trench
Pillow Lava
rift (graben)
5. One of several rock-forming minerals that contain at least 95% silica (quartz). and usually one or more other common elements.
intrusive
silicate
epoch
biogenic sedimentary rock
6. The amount of dissolved salt in water.
archaean
smelting
Paleozoic
salinity
7. A mudflow composed chiefly of pyroclastic material on the flanks of a volcano.
salinization
oal
lahar
Milky Way
8. A natural open space underground & large enough for a person to enter. Most commonly occur by the dissolution of soluble rocks & generally limestone.
cave
scale
zone of saturation
estuary
9. A term applied to large areas of basaltic lava presumably extruded from fissures.
lava dome
terrestrial
striations
lava flood (plateau basalt)
10. Similar to a groin but built to keep sand out of a harbor entrance.
Richter scale
rockslide (rock avalanche)
jetty
humid
11. The point on the Earth's surface where a magnetic needle points vertically downward (north magnetic pole) or vertically upward (south magnetic pole).
magnetic pole
sinkhole
dust storm
oxbow
12. Synonym of intrusive. Antonym of volcanic. Applies to igneous rocks formed beneath the surface of the Earth; typically with large crystals due to the slowness of cooling.
gravity
frost wedging
caldera
plutonic
13. The Sun with all the celestial bodies that revolve around it.
inner core
solar system
tell
Global Positioning System (GPS)
14. An ingredient in a food or other substance that nourishes or promotes growth.
plate tectonics
reservoir rock
petroleum
nutrient
15. The part of the crust that directly underlies the continents and continental shelves. Averages about 35 km in thickness & but may be over 70 km thick under largest mountain ranges.
mesosphere
continental crust
longitude
lithosphere
16. The relationship between distances in the area being mapped and distances in the map itself.
barrier reef
continent
scale
nebula
17. The processes (mechanical and chemical) responsible for the wearing away & loosening & and dissolving of materials of the Earth's crust.
fossil fuel
erosion
aquifer
cementation
18. The oldest eon in Earth history & extending from the origin of the Earth to about 3.9 billion years ago.
tell
Hadean
flash flood
hot spot
19. The presence of layers in some rocks caused by parallel alignment of minerals.
cartographer
seastack
lithosphere
foliated
20. A group of stars that appear to make a pattern in the sky. The Big Dipper is a constellation.
estuary
telescope
constellation
epoch
21. Igneous. Antonym of intrusive. Synonym of volcanic. Pertaining to igneous rocks or features formed from lava released on the Earth's surface.
fetch
period
extrusive
volcanic
22. Any molten material that is extrusive or volcanic & or the rock that forms from a molten extrusive. Molten rock that flows at the Earth's surface.
lava
permafrost
Venus
beach
23. An eon of geologic time extending from about 3.9 billion years to 2.5 billion years ago.
archaean
casts
lava dome
Galileo
24. A process by which salts accumulate in soil.
vesicle
salinization
fjord
surf
25. The southern portion of the late Paleozoic supercontinent known as Pangea. It means & literally 'Land of the Gonds' (a people of the Indian subcontinent).The supercontinent existed from Cambrian to Jurassic time & mainly composed of South America &
Laurasia
Earth system
Gondwana
vesicle
26. The science that deals with the study of the planet Earth--the materials of which it is made & the processes that act to change these materials from one form to another & and the history recorded by these materials; the forces acting to deform the ou
mesosphere
ozone layer
zone of leaching
geology
27. The layer of gases (air) & that surrounds a planet or moon.
atmosphere
storm surge
natural resources
gravity
28. A famous scientist who proposed that the Sun was the center of the solar system not the Earth. (Heliocentrism)
Copernicus & Nicholas
plate tectonics
channelization
island arc
29. Mercury is named after the Roman messenger of the gods. It is the closest to the Sun.
Mercury
surf
region
reservoir rock
30. The rise and fall of sea level caused by the gravitational pull of the Sun and Moon on the Earth.
thermal spring
hemisphere
decomposition (chemical weathering)
tide
31. A layer of sedimentary rock; plural is strata.
stratum
aquatic
ozone depletion
glacier
32. A person who makes maps.
cartographer
caldera
p- wave (primary wave & compressional wave)
smelting
33. Lava extruded beneath water characterized by pillow shapes.
seismic sea wave (tsunami)
chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's)
Pillow Lava
hardness
34. The rigid outer shell of the Earth. It includes the crust and uppermost mantle and is on the order of 100 km in thickness.
frost wedging
oceanic crust
lithosphere
meteoroid
35. The chronological sequence of units of Earth time.
geologic time scale
basaltic
suspended load
chalk
36. The very small particles of dirt & soot & and other pollutants that are present in the air.
chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's)
particulate air pollution
caldera
lithosphere
37. The low spot between two successive waves.
Copernicus & Nicholas
wave trough
equinox
Proxima Centauri
38. Gases (primarily water and carbon dioxide & but also a variety of sulfur and nitrogen compounds and gaseous hydrocarbons) that trap the Sun's heat in the atmosphere.
sediment
greenhouse gases
solar system
chemical sedimentary rock
39. The sum of the processes that result in the wearing away or the progressive lowering of the Earth's surface by weathering & erosion & mass wasting & and transportation.
denudation
mesosphere
isostasy
biogenic sedimentary rock
40. A volcanic mountain on the seafloor. If flat-topped & it is a guyot.
seamount
base
atoll
salinization
41. A vertical conduit through the Earth's crust below a volcano & through Which magma has passed.
pipe
zone of aeration
fringing reef
dust bowl
42. Living in water.
urban
pollutant
drought
aquatic
43. The reserves of a valuable mineral commodity plus all other mineral deposits that may eventually become available & even those that are presumed to exist but have not yet been discovered and those that are not economically or technologically exploita
decomposition (chemical weathering)
resources
geyser
Cenozoic
44. Living in water.
crevasse
aquatic
continental divide
particulate air pollution
45. The two days of the year on which the noon sun is directly overhead at either 23.5
solstice
greenhouse gases
global warming
epicenter
46. (Latin- Sol & Greek- Helios)the closest star to Earth. It is a giant ball of gas without any solid surface.
storm surge
cartographer
Sun
seamount
47. The amount of material a stream carries in suspension.
suspended load
seamount
fold and thrust mountains
dust devil
48. The generally dark & more or less stable part of the organic matter in a soil & so well decomposed that the original sources cannot be identified.
humus
Paleozoic
zone of saturation
biogenic sediment
49. The mass of an object divided by its volume.
Mars
extrusive
deposition
density
50. The height of a place above sea level.
elevation
disintegration (mechanical weathering)
seismic sea wave (tsunami)
open pit mining