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Test your basic knowledge |
Earth Science
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A hole or basin cut into bedrock of a stream by the abrasive action of pebbles and sand swirled by turbulent stream flow.
cave
pothole
fluctuate
bedrock
2. The upper horizons in a soil & through which gravitational moisture travels & removing soluble decomposition products.
p- wave (primary wave & compressional wave)
zone of leaching
scale
continental slope
3. Jupiter is named after the Roman king of the gods. It is the fifth planet from the Sun.
nutrient
lava lake
Jupiter
caldera
4. Heat transport by direct transfer of energy from one particle to another & without moving the particle to a new location.
nonfoliated
conduction
meteoroid
tell
5. The transformation of a soil from a solid to a liquid state as the result of increased pore pressure.
foreshock
moraine
meander
liquefaction
6. A roughly circular reef with an occasional small & low & coral sand island surrounding a shallow lagoon.
trench
Saturn
atoll
pH
7. A minor tremor that precedes an earthquake. An increase in seismicity may signal that a major release of strain energy is about to occur.
foreshock
fetch
discharge
outcrop
8. A substance that produces negatively charged hydroxide ions ( OH- ) in water and reacts with acids to form salts.
Milky Way
pH
base
glaciation
9. Water beneath the Earth's surface.
igneous rock
star
ground water
salinity
10. Saturn is named after the Roman god of the harvest. It is the sixth planet from the Sun.
boundary
period
Saturn
outcrop
11. A mound or ridge of sediment deposited by a glacier.
moraine
lava lake
Pangea
conduction
12. A flood that rises and falls very rapidly.
hardness
era
crust
flash flood
13. A fracture or zone of fractures along the boundaries of tectonic plates where movement has taken place.
dust devil
Mercury
fault
Saturn
14. A valley carved by glacier erosion and whose cross-valley profile has steep sides and a nearly flat floor & suggestive of a large letter 'you'.
dust storm
you-shaped valley
atoll
sandstorm
15. Named after the Roman god of the sea. It is the eighth planet from the Sun.
rapids
Milky Way
neptune
zone of leaching
16. Deposition of fine mineral particles (silt) on the beds of streams or lakes.
volcano
p- wave (primary wave & compressional wave)
siltation
beach
17. A lake of lava & usually basaltic & in a volcanic caldera.
longitude
drainage divide
meteoroid
lava lake
18. A division of geologic time next shorter than a period. Example: the Pleistocene epoch is in the Quaternary period.
epoch
rain shadow deserts
erratic
reserves
19. In the geologic time scale a unit of time less than an era and greater than an epoch. Example: The Tertiary period was the earliest period in the Cenozoic era and included & among others & the Eocene epoch.
period
continent
seafloor spreading
hydrologic cycle
20. The sum of the processes that result in the wearing away or the progressive lowering of the Earth's surface by weathering & erosion & mass wasting & and transportation.
secchi disk
pipe
specific gravity
denudation
21. The elevation at which snow persists throughout the year.
stalagmite
snow line
escarpment
anemometer
22. The Earth's crust underlying the ocean basins which is formed at mid-oceanic ridges. It is typically 5 to 10 kilometers thick composed of basalt.
constellation
oceanic crust
shoreline
tidal inlet
23. The geologic eon lying between the Archean and Phanerozoic eons & beginning about 2.5 billion years ago and ending about 0.57 billion years ago.
convergent boundary
greenhouse gases
Proterozoic
Earth
24. (Latin- Terra & Greek- Gaia) Earth is named after the ancient Germanic Goddess of the soil. It is the third planet from the Sun.
landforms
Earth
chemical sediment
greenhouse gases
25. Swamp that forms in the low lying flood plain behind a levee.
zone of aeration
back swamp
pipe
particulate air pollution
26. An area in which a large number of windmills have been erected to generate electrical power.
sedimentary rock
sod
wind farm
conduction
27. The amount of material a stream carries in suspension.
groin
trench
resources
suspended load
28. The presence of layers in some rocks caused by parallel alignment of minerals.
density
scour
continental slope
foliated
29. Fossils formed when water containing minerals leaks into a mold. The minerals harden to form a copy of the original structure or organism.
aftershock
casts
desertification
solstice
30. A disease-causing organism or entity & such as a bacterium or virus.
volcano
asthenosphere
pathogen
lava
31. Shapes & like mountains or hills that make up the Earth's surface.
column
abundant metal
seismic gap
landforms
32. A pillar formed as a stalactite and stalagmite meet.
column
prairie
meteoroid
striations
33. A building that contains one or more telescopes.
observator
galaxy
focus
solar system
34. Heat transport by direct transfer of energy from one particle to another & without moving the particle to a new location.
conduction
metamorphic rock
Uranus
delta
35. A segment of an active fault zone that has not experienced a major earthquake during a time period when most other segments of the zone have. They are generally regarded as having a higher potential for future earthquakes.
clastic
acid rain
seismic gap
Prime Meridian
36. A landscape that develops from the action of ground water in areas of easily soluble rocks. It is usually characterized by caves & underground drainage and sinkholes.
karst
ore
marine Chronometer
rapids
37. Weathering processes that are the result of chemical reactions. Example: the transformation of orthoclase to kaolinite.
rockslide (rock avalanche)
bar
continent
decomposition (chemical weathering)
38. The speed at which water flows.
wave trough
plain
current speed
cinder cone
39. An area in which a large number of windmills have been erected to generate electrical power.
seismic sea wave (tsunami)
wind farm
rock cycle
strip mining
40. A rock changed from its original form and/or composition by heat & pressure &shearing stress & or chemically active fluids & or some combination of them.
open pit mining
pathogen
metamorphic rock
conserve
41. The acidity in rain due to gases from internal combustion engines and coal- and oil-burning power plants.
continental divide
black hole
base
acid rain
42. Mountains & characterized by extensive folding and thrust faulting & that form at convergent plate boundaries on continents.
geothermal energy
isostasy
open pit mining
fold and thrust mountains
43. A slide involving a downward and usually sudden movement of newly detached segments of bedrock sliding or slipping over an inclined surface of weakness such as a bedding plane & fault plane & or joint surface.
back swamp
seismic sea wave (tsunami)
rockslide (rock avalanche)
runoff
44. To wash or scrub away.
scour
acid
karst
tide
45. A time of unusual winds and currents in the Pacific Ocean . El Nino generally causes warmer-than-normal sea surface temperatures and increased rainfall and storm activity.
ice sheet
conduction
subduction zone
El Nino
46. A flood that rises and falls very rapidly.
loess
flash flood
meander
cartographer
47. An era of geologic time lasting from 570 to 245 million years ago.
open pit mining
petroleum
plain
Paleozoic
48. A sea level change due to change in load on Earth's crust.
constellation
Pillow Lava
isostatic change in sea level
urban
49. A flat & dry plain covered with short grass.
steppe
sod
Uranus
delta
50. The weak or 'soft' zone in the upper mantle just below the lithosphere & involved in plate movement and isostatic adjustments. It lies 70 to 100 km below the surface and may extend to a depth of 400 km.
pipe
liquefaction
asthenosphere
calving