Test your basic knowledge |

Earth Science

Subject : science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A broad & mound-like mass of glacier ice that usually spreads radially outward from a central zone.






2. The process of removing metal from ore.






3. A reverse fault on which the dip angle of the fault plane is 15 degrees or less.






4. A post of dripstone growing up from a cave floor.






5. Bent rock strata.






6. Occurs at the intersection of the water table with the ground surface.






7. The relationship between distances in the area being mapped and distances in the map itself.






8. The sudden fall of one or more large pieces of a rock from a cliff.






9. Verifying assessments made from satellite data by doing direct & 'on-the ground' measurements.






10. Water beneath the Earth's surface.






11. A hole or basin cut into bedrock of a stream by the abrasive action of pebbles and sand swirled by turbulent stream flow.






12. Surficial mining & in which the valuable rock is exposed by removal of overlying rock or soil.






13. The theory of Plate Tectonics states that the Earth's crust is fragmented into a dozen or more large and small pieces floating on a semi-molten mantle.






14. Pertaining to clastic material formed by volcanic explosion or aerial expulsion from a volcanic vent.






15. A device containing a free-swinging magnetic needle that is attracted to Earth's magnetic North Pole. Used to determine direction of travel.






16. The principle that states the processes operating to change the Earth in the present also operated in the past.






17. A permeable region of rock or soil through which ground water can move.






18. Where one plate slides beneath another plate as the two are pushed together & a subduction zone.






19. 1. Breach in a natural levee . 2. Deep crevice or open fracture in glacier ice.






20. Of or relating to or containing basalt & a dark & dense & extrusive rock that has a silica content of 40% to 50% and makes up most of the ocean floor.






21. Extending across a continent.






22. The environment where a particular plant or animal is normally found.






23. The top of a wave.






24. The acidity in rain due to gases from internal combustion engines and coal- and oil-burning power plants.






25. The surface between the zone of saturation and the zone of aeration.






26. Water that flows across watersheds during and immediately after severe rainstorms. In populated areas & stormwater runoff is often water that cannot be handled by existing sewer systems. Stormwater runoff is the leading source of water pollution in t






27. The prediction that climate will warm as a result of the addition to the atmosphere of humanly produced greenhouse gases.






28. A waterway from open ocean into a lagoon.






29. A naturally occurring inorganic solid that has a well-defined chemical composition and in which atoms are arranged in an ordered fashion.






30. The way in which a rock or mineral breaks in random patterns rather than cleaving






31. Extending across a continent.






32. A guide to reading a map that typically contains distance scales & arrows indicating direction & and/or explanations of symbols used.






33. A division of geologic time next smaller than the eon and larger than a period. Example: The Paleozoic era is in the Phanerozoic eon and includes & among others & the Devonian period.






34. Highly mafic igneous volcanic rock & typically fine-grained and dark in color; rough volcanic equivalent of gabbro. Basalt is the most abundant volcanic rock in the Earth's crust.






35. An imaginary circle around the earth that represents the halfway mark between the North and South Poles and establishes the boundary between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.






36. Lava extruded beneath water characterized by pillow shapes.






37. The surface between the zone of saturation and the zone of aeration.






38. Deserts in zones of descending air between 25 degrees and 30 degrees north and south latitude.






39. A volcano in the shape of a flattened cone & broad and low & built by very fluid flows of basaltic lava.






40. A segment of an active fault zone that has not experienced a major earthquake during a time period when most other segments of the zone have. They are generally regarded as having a higher potential for future earthquakes.






41. Deposition of fine mineral particles (silt) on the beds of streams or lakes.






42. The condition of equilibrium & comparable to floating & of units of the lithosphere above the asthenosphere.






43. Gases that can be dissociated by solar radiation & which releases chlorine & which in turn destroys ozone.

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44. A process of erosion in which wind carries off particles of dust and sand.






45. The green pigment in the cells of many plants that enables them to use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates in the process called photosynthesis.






46. An area in which a large number of windmills have been erected to generate electrical power.






47. A soft compact calcite & CaCO3 & with varying amounts of silica & quartz & feldspar & or other mineral impurities & generally gray-white or yellow-white and derived chiefly from fossil seashells.






48. Sediment formed by chemical precipitation from water. Example: halite precipitated as the result of the evaporation of sea water.






49. The part of the crust that directly underlies the continents and continental shelves. Averages about 35 km in thickness & but may be over 70 km thick under largest mountain ranges.






50. Weathering processes that are the result of chemical reactions. Example: the transformation of orthoclase to kaolinite.