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Test your basic knowledge |
Earth Science
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Shapes & like mountains or hills that make up the Earth's surface.
density
landforms
flash flood
water table
2. The accumulation of material in layers or beds.
El Nino
clastic
moon
stratification
3. A curved belt of volcanic islands lying above a subduction zone.
basaltic
region
denudation
island arc
4. A measure of acidity.
inner core
magnetic pole
sedimentary rock
pH
5. The environment where a particular plant or animal is normally found.
habitat
Mars
conduction
reef
6. One of several rock-forming minerals that contain at least 95% silica (quartz). and usually one or more other common elements.
silicate
calving
mesosphere
hardpan
7. A term applied to large areas of basaltic lava presumably extruded from fissures.
lava flood (plateau basalt)
cartographer
kettle
dust bowl
8. Large area of extremely flat ocean floor lying near a continent and generally over 4 km in depth.
abyssal plain
beach
till (unstratified drift)
transform boundary
9. A geometrical form taken by a mineral & giving external expression to orderly internal atomic arrangement.
crystal
boundary
clastic
Greenhouse Effect
10. A steep or vertical cliff & either above or below sea level.
continental rise
Laurasia
tidal inlet
escarpment
11. Occurs at the intersection of the water table with the ground surface.
spring
light-year
nautical mile
continent
12. The most recent eon of geologic time beginning 570 million years ago and continuing to the present.
groove
Jupiter
Phanerozoic
solstice
13. A division of geologic time next shorter than a period. Example: the Pleistocene epoch is in the Quaternary period.
cave
rock cycle
orogeny
epoch
14. A minor tremor that precedes an earthquake. An increase in seismicity may signal that a major release of strain energy is about to occur.
fjord
asteroid
divergent boundary
foreshock
15. The acidity in rain due to gases from internal combustion engines and coal- and oil-burning power plants.
eclipse
epoch
acid rain
eon
16. An area where fresh water comes into contact with seawater & usually in a partly enclosed coastal body of water; a mix of fresh and salt water where the current of a stream meets the tides.
estuary
volcanic
Cenozoic
tide
17. Lava extruded beneath water characterized by pillow shapes.
black hole
Pillow Lava
cleavage
outcrop
18. The mass of an object divided by its volume.
density
Sun
ozone
era
19. A thickened elevated region of Earth's crust that is mainly (but not entirely) above sea level.
magma
discharge
continent
fossil fuel
20. Igneous. Antonym of intrusive. Synonym of volcanic. Pertaining to igneous rocks or features formed from lava released on the Earth's surface.
seismic sea wave (tsunami)
continental slope
extrusive
star
21. A Hawaiian term for a lava flow that has a rough & jagged surface.
aa
aftershock
groin
universe
22. A Hawaiian term for a basaltic lava flow with a smooth & or ropy surface.
precipitation
pahoehoe
rainforest
period
23. Living on land.
extrusive
terrestrial
intertidal zone
chalk
24. Long narrow beaches separated in many places from the mainland by lagoons.
baseline study
Precambrian
Laurasia
barrier beaches
25. Highly mafic igneous volcanic rock & typically fine-grained and dark in color; rough volcanic equivalent of gabbro. Basalt is the most abundant volcanic rock in the Earth's crust.
continental slope
basalt
humid
eustatic change in sea level
26. The arrangement of rock units in the proper chronological order from youngest to oldest.
baseline study
geologic column
divergent boundary
deflation
27. The closest star to Earth besides the sun. It is approximately 4 light years away.
seafloor spreading
asteroid
chlorophyll
Proxima Centauri
28. In the geologic time scale a unit of time less than an era and greater than an epoch. Example: The Tertiary period was the earliest period in the Cenozoic era and included & among others & the Eocene epoch.
drift
period
plate tectonics
jetty
29. The process by which ocean floors spread laterally from crests of main ocean ridges. As material moves laterally from the ridge & new material replaces it along the ridge crest by welling upward from the mantle.
seafloor spreading
superposition
continental divide
crystal
30. A fracture or zone of fractures along the boundaries of tectonic plates where movement has taken place.
archaean
reserves
fault
region
31. The processes of weathering by which physical actions such as frost wedging break down a rock into fragments & involving no chemical change.
urban
disintegration (mechanical weathering)
base
Jupiter
32. A thick layer of soil.
sod
Paleozoic
dust storm
aquifer
33. A post of dripstone growing up from a cave floor.
zone of saturation
intensity
suspension
stalagmite
34. The area immediately below the ground surface within which pore spaces are partially filled with water and partially filled with air.
zone of aeration
swash and back wash
wave length
black smoker
35. A general term for a relatively hard layer of soil at or just below the ground surface & cemented by silica & iron oxide & calcium carbonate & or organic matter.
petroleum
smelting
aa
hardpan
36. Deserts in zones of descending air between 25 degrees and 30 degrees north and south latitude.
Pelean eruption
subtropical deserts
lava flood (plateau basalt)
stratovolcano (composite volcano)
37. A broad & mound-like mass of glacier ice that usually spreads radially outward from a central zone.
ice sheet
pothole
estuary
pollutant
38. A narrow & steep-walled depression in the ocean floor & much deeper than the adjacent ocean and associated with a subduction zone.
mesosphere
basin
trench
clastic
39. A stone or boulder & glacially transported from place of origin and left in an area of different bedrock composition.
epicenter
erratic
meteoroid
Proterozoic
40. The formation & advance and retreat of glaciers and the results of these activities.
glaciation
ecosystem
plate tectonics
shore
41. A large area with common features that set it apart from other areas.
region
fringing reef
Galileo
dust storm
42. The point on the Earth's surface where a magnetic needle points vertically downward (north magnetic pole) or vertically upward (south magnetic pole).
seismic gap
Galileo
magnetic pole
archipelago
43. Extending across a continent.
continental divide
Milky Way
Laurasia
transcontinental
44. The acidity in rain due to gases from internal combustion engines and coal- and oil-burning power plants.
sandstorm
conserve
stormwater runoff
acid rain
45. Uranus is named after the Roman god of the sky. It is the seventh planet from the Sun.
back swamp
Precambrian
period
Uranus
46. The oldest eon in Earth history & extending from the origin of the Earth to about 3.9 billion years ago.
clast
Hadean
drainage divide
reservoir rock
47. A stone or boulder & glacially transported from place of origin and left in an area of different bedrock composition.
foreshock
transcontinental
creep
erratic
48. An individual grain or constituent of a rock.
clast
erosion
meander
specific gravity
49. The upper horizons in a soil & through which gravitational moisture travels & removing soluble decomposition products.
zone of leaching
Pluto
steppe
landforms
50. The area bordering a stream over which water spreads when the stream tops its channel banks.
waterfall
floodplain
suspension
ice shelf