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Test your basic knowledge |
Earth Science
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A downward distortion or dimple in the water table that forms as a well pumps water faster than it can flow through the aquifer.
glaciation
striations
cone of depression
hardness
2. The area bordering a stream over which water spreads when the stream tops its channel banks.
decomposition (chemical weathering)
seafloor spreading
floodplain
tell
3. The dust-sized & sharp-edged & glassy particles resulting from an explosive volcanic eruption.
equator
volcanic ash
soil
rock cycle
4. A stone or boulder & glacially transported from place of origin and left in an area of different bedrock composition.
foliated
sediment
cone of depression
erratic
5. A stone or boulder & glacially transported from place of origin and left in an area of different bedrock composition.
karst
Pelean eruption
erratic
zone of saturation
6. Shapes & like mountains or hills that make up the Earth's surface.
runoff
water table
landforms
humus
7. The low spot between two successive waves.
Pluto
sextant
surf
wave trough
8. The area immediately below the ground surface within which pore spaces are partially filled with water and partially filled with air.
mineral deposit
fetch
steppe
zone of aeration
9. A thick layer of soil.
rift (graben)
sod
biogenic sedimentary rock
telescope
10. The surface between the zone of saturation and the zone of aeration.
breakwater
water table
eclipse
pipe
11. Water beneath the Earth's surface.
compass
oceanic trench
inner core
ground water
12. The zones of seismic activity long which plates are in contact.
plate boundaries
pH
drift
basalt
13. Objects revolving around the sun that are too small and too numerous to be considered planets.
Hale-Bopp
asteroid
groove
star
14. Plutonic. Antonym of extrusive. Pertaining to igneous rocks or features formed by the emplacement of magma in pre-existing rocks.
black smoker
intrusive
transcontinental
groove
15. Pertaining to or composed of granite & a coarse-grained igneous rock dominated by light-colored minerals & consisting of about 50 percent orthoclase & 25 percent quartz & and balance of feldspars and ferromagnesian silicates. Granite is commonly foun
erratic
water table
granitic
trench
16. Pertaining to clastic material formed by volcanic explosion or aerial expulsion from a volcanic vent.
cinder cone
seafloor spreading
smelting
pyroclastic
17. The initial point within the Earth that ruptures in an earthquake & directly below the epicenter. The point within the Earth which is the center of an earthquake & at which strain energy is first released and converted to elastic wave energy.
geology
renewable resources
focus
fossil
18. The precipitation that runs directly off the surface to stream or body of standing water.
rockfall
runoff
flood
longitude
19. Containing moisture.
elevation
clastic
fold
humid
20. Surficial mining & in which the valuable rock is exposed by removal of overlying rock or soil.
open pit mining
Global Positioning System (GPS)
absolute time
continental rise
21. A vent in the surface of the Earth & from which lava & ash & and gases erupt.
volcano
salinization
meander
precipitation
22. A lake of lava & usually basaltic & in a volcanic caldera.
icecap
sedimentary rock
lava lake
lahar
23. A period of dryness & that when prolonged & causes damage to crops; a shortage of water.
cinder cone
drought
frost wedging
base
24. Any seismic wave that travels through the body of Earth & rather than along its surface.
casts
moon
body wave
magnetic equator
25. A device built to study distant objects by making them appear closer.
Jupiter
geyser
chalk
telescope
26. Any natural concentration of a valuable material in the Earth's crust & whether that material can be extracted profitably or not.
baseline study
mineral deposit
transform boundary
storm surge
27. The primary division of geologic time which are & from oldest to youngest & the Hadean & Archean & Proterozoic & and Phanerozoic eons.
eon
moon
pothole
Phanerozoic
28. A sedimentary rock composed primarily of biogenic sediments.
biogenic sedimentary rock
crust
oceanic crust
particulate air pollution
29. A plate boundary in which plates on opposite sides of the boundary move past each other in opposite directions. The San Andreas fault of California is a good example.
floodplain
transform boundary
precipitation
rain shadow deserts
30. A pillar formed as a stalactite and stalagmite meet.
magnitude
column
dust bowl
lava
31. A segment of an active fault zone that has not experienced a major earthquake during a time period when most other segments of the zone have. They are generally regarded as having a higher potential for future earthquakes.
seismic gap
fossil
back swamp
nonfoliated
32. The amount of material a stream carries in suspension.
suspended load
basin
terrestrial
scale
33. An instrument that detects & magnifies & and records vibrations of the Earth & especially earthquakes.
Gondwana
chalk
seismograph
constellation
34. A landscape that develops from the action of ground water in areas of easily soluble rocks. It is usually characterized by caves & underground drainage and sinkholes.
continental divide
karst
stalactite
drought
35. The areas of & in & or constituting a city.
urban
convection cell
discharge
till (unstratified drift)
36. Mercury is named after the Roman messenger of the gods. It is the closest to the Sun.
Mercury
mesosphere
mineral
granitic
37. An atmospheric shield providing the Earth with protection from ultra-violet rays which can cause sun burn & skin cancer and the destruction of the delicate plant life which supports the planet's food chain.
latitude
ozone layer
current speed
light-year
38. The green pigment in the cells of many plants that enables them to use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates in the process called photosynthesis.
chlorophyll
breakwater
metamorphic rock
volcanic
39. Deposition of fine mineral particles (silt) on the beds of streams or lakes.
continental rise
siltation
urban
aftershock
40. The outermost layer of the Earth & varying in thickness from about 10 kilometers (6 miles) below the oceans & to 65 kilometers (about 40 miles) below the continents; represents less than 1 percent of the Earth's volume.
Uranus
crust
transform boundary
exotic river
41. Deserts in zones of descending air between 25 degrees and 30 degrees north and south latitude.
atmosphere
subtropical deserts
sandstorm
seamount
42. The current geologic era & which began 66.4 million years ago and continues to the present.
Cenozoic
denudation
estuary
deflation
43. Rock formed from the accumulation of sediment & Which may consist of fragments and mineral grains of varying sizes from pre-existing rocks & remains or products of animals and plants & the products of chemical action & or mixtures of these.
denudation
fossil fuel
sedimentary rock
Hale-Bopp
44. A vent on the seafloor from which hydrothermal fluids are emitted. Upon mixing with seawater and cooling & the fluids precipitate a cloud of fine-grained sulfide minerals that resembles a cloud of black smoke.
salinization
black smoker
erosion
boundary
45. The rigid outer shell of the Earth. It includes the crust and uppermost mantle and is on the order of 100 km in thickness.
gravity
runoff
inner core
lithosphere
46. A type of thermal spring which ejects water intermittently with considerable force.
karst
geyser
oxbow
star
47. Weathering processes that are the result of chemical reactions. Example: the transformation of orthoclase to kaolinite.
zone of leaching
decomposition (chemical weathering)
cave
seismic sea wave (tsunami)
48. The processes (mechanical and chemical) responsible for the wearing away & loosening & and dissolving of materials of the Earth's crust.
till (unstratified drift)
Hale-Bopp
abundant metal
erosion
49. An earthquake that follows and has its epicenter near a larger earthquake.
trench
ablation
zone of leaching
aftershock
50. A planetary satellite.
stratovolcano (composite volcano)
equinox
levees
moon