Test your basic knowledge |

Earth Science

Subject : science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A volcano in the shape of a flattened cone & broad and low & built by very fluid flows of basaltic lava.






2. A division of geologic time next smaller than the eon and larger than a period. Example: The Paleozoic era is in the Phanerozoic eon and includes & among others & the Devonian period.






3. Imaginary lines on a map or globe that measure distance in degrees east or west of the prime meridian. Longitude lines extend vertically & from pole to pole on a globe.






4. The effect of water and carbon dioxide absorbing outgoing infrared radiation & raising a system's temperature. The term is generally used with reference to the Earth's temperature & although it can also be applied to other systems & such as greenhous






5. The peak flow of water that tops the banks of a stream channel.






6. A study designed to collect critical data to be used for comparison or as a control in a later study.






7. Fossils formed when water containing minerals leaks into a mold. The minerals harden to form a copy of the original structure or organism.






8. A commonly used measure of earthquake magnitude & based on a logarithmic scale. Each integral step on the scale represents a tenfold increase in the extent of ground shaking & as recorded on a seismograph.






9. The initial point within the Earth that ruptures in an earthquake & directly below the epicenter. The point within the Earth which is the center of an earthquake & at which strain energy is first released and converted to elastic wave energy.






10. A substance that produces positively charged hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water.






11. A major drainage divide separating the drainage to one ocean from another.






12. An isolated & steep-sided & rocky mass or island just offshore from a rocky headland & usually on a shore platform.






13. A steep-sided rounded extrusion of highly viscous lava squeezed out from a volcano and forming a dome-shaped or bulbous mass above and around the volcanic vent. The structure generally develops inside a volcanic crater.






14. The rise and fall of sea level caused by the gravitational pull of the Sun and Moon on the Earth.






15. Objects revolving around the sun that are too small and too numerous to be considered planets.






16. Geologic time expressed in years before the present.






17. (Greek-Aphrodite)named after the Roman goddess of love. It is the planet closest in size to Earth and the second planted from the Sun.






18. A region of high heat flow on the Earth's surface & thought to lie above a mantle plume .






19. Open pit mining & typically for coal.






20. A vent in the surface of the Earth & from which lava & ash & and gases erupt.






21. A lake of lava & usually basaltic & in a volcanic caldera.






22. Where one plate slides beneath another plate as the two are pushed together & a subduction zone.






23. Evidence in rock of the presence of past life & such as a dinosaur bone & an ancient clam shell & or the footprint of a long-extinct animal as well as life history artifacts.






24. The vertical distance between the crest and adjacent trough of a wave.






25. A system that uses a constellation of 24 satellites & their ground stations & and individual GPS receivers to accurately locate points on Earth.






26. A supercontinent that existed from the Jurassic to Early Tertiary after splitting from Pangea; composed of Laurentia & Baltica & Avalonia & (modern North America & Scandinavia & Greenland & Western and Central Europe); eventually fragmented into Eur






27. The precipitation that runs directly off the surface to stream or body of standing water.






28. The oldest eon in Earth history & extending from the origin of the Earth to about 3.9 billion years ago.






29. A hot & gaseous & self-luminous celestial body & as the Sun.






30. A soft compact calcite & CaCO3 & with varying amounts of silica & quartz & feldspar & or other mineral impurities & generally gray-white or yellow-white and derived chiefly from fossil seashells.






31. The very slow & generally continuous downslope movement of soil and debris under the influence of gravity.






32. Gases that can be dissociated by solar radiation & which releases chlorine & which in turn destroys ozone.

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33. A process of land degradation initiated by human activity & particularly in the zones along the margins of deserts.






34. The production of living matter by organisms that make food using sunlight or chemicals. Usually expressed as grams of carbon per square meter per year.






35. The solid innermost part of the core with a diameter of a little over 1 &200 km.






36. An area in which a large number of windmills have been erected to generate electrical power.






37. Named after the Roman god of the sea. It is the eighth planet from the Sun.






38. A large area with common features that set it apart from other areas.






39. Igneous. Antonym of intrusive. Synonym of volcanic. Pertaining to igneous rocks or features formed from lava released on the Earth's surface.






40. A volcano in the shape of a flattened cone & broad and low & built by very fluid flows of basaltic lava.






41. A reverse fault on which the dip angle of the fault plane is 15 degrees or less.






42. Turbulent stream water flow down a steep gradient & but not as steep as in a waterfall.






43. An area in which a large number of windmills have been erected to generate electrical power.






44. The pattern of water circulation from the ocean to the atmosphere to the land and back to the ocean.






45. A sedimentary rock composed primarily of biogenic sediments.






46. Refers to rock or sediments made up primarily of broken fragments of pre-existing rocks or minerals.






47. The region of a shore that is covered at high tide and exposed at low tide.






48. A geometrical form taken by a mineral & giving external expression to orderly internal atomic arrangement.






49. A division of geologic time next shorter than a period. Example: the Pleistocene epoch is in the Quaternary period.






50. A protective wall built offshore and usually parallel to the shore.