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Test your basic knowledge |
Earth Science
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The uprush of a wave onto the beach followed by the return flow of the water down the beach slope in the intervals between waves.
subduction zone
erosion
fetch
swash and back wash
2. A comet that passed Earth in 1997 and won't return to the inner solar system until the year 4377.
Uranus
moon
stratum
Hale-Bopp
3. The distance light travels through a vacuum in one year.
clast
Modified Mercalli Scale
seastack
light-year
4. A slide involving a downward and usually sudden movement of newly detached segments of bedrock sliding or slipping over an inclined surface of weakness such as a bedding plane & fault plane & or joint surface.
rockslide (rock avalanche)
ozone depletion
estuary
star
5. A hole or basin cut into bedrock of a stream by the abrasive action of pebbles and sand swirled by turbulent stream flow.
pahoehoe
barrier beaches
pothole
Saturn
6. A vent on the seafloor from which hydrothermal fluids are emitted. Upon mixing with seawater and cooling & the fluids precipitate a cloud of fine-grained sulfide minerals that resembles a cloud of black smoke.
transcontinental
drought
sextant
black smoker
7. The study of earthquakes & and of the structure of the Earth by both natural and artificially generated seismic waves.
Pluto
lava flood (plateau basalt)
continental shelf
seismology
8. Lies half way between the north and south magnetic poles.
plate boundaries
magnitude
magnetic equator
fringing reef
9. Materials that are found in nature that are useful or necessary for people to live.
natural resources
nutrient
drainage divide
wave length
10. A device built to study distant objects by making them appear closer.
viscosity
lava flood (plateau basalt)
telescope
decomposition (chemical weathering)
11. Water that flows across watersheds during and immediately after severe rainstorms. In populated areas & stormwater runoff is often water that cannot be handled by existing sewer systems. Stormwater runoff is the leading source of water pollution in t
epicenter
pH
atmosphere
stormwater runoff
12. Any solid material that has settled out of a state of suspension in liquid.
tide
sediment
baseline study
Uniformitarianism
13. Containing moisture.
humid
base
superposition
sod
14. A post of dripstone growing up from a cave floor.
stalagmite
sinkhole
runoff
chemical sediment
15. The weak or 'soft' zone in the upper mantle just below the lithosphere & involved in plate movement and isostatic adjustments. It lies 70 to 100 km below the surface and may extend to a depth of 400 km.
shore
magnetic equator
asthenosphere
stalagmite
16. 1. A low & bowl-shaped area of land surrounded by higher lands. 2. any large depression in which sediments are deposited.
magnetic polarity
basin
stratovolcano (composite volcano)
sinkhole
17. The outermost part of the core. It is liquid & about 1 &700 km thick & and separated from the inner & solid core by a transition zone about 565 km thick.
outer core
period
coast
glacier
18. No identifiable layers of minerals in a rock sample
nonfoliated
foliated
plate tectonics
body wave
19. The pattern of water circulation from the ocean to the atmosphere to the land and back to the ocean.
denudation
observator
inner core
hydrologic cycle
20. The great circle on the Earth's surface passing through The North and South Poles & which is considered 0 degrees longitude. The prime meridian passes through Greenwich & England & and is used as a reference point for measuring longitude east and w
chemical sediment
Prime Meridian
magnetic pole
hot spot
21. A large ridge or mound-like structure within a body of water that is built by calcareous organisms such as corals & red algae & and bivalves.
collisional Boundary
reef
p- wave (primary wave & compressional wave)
jetty
22. An era of time during the Phanerozoic eon lasting from 245 million years ago to 66.4 million ago.
urban
Mesozoic
light-year
lithosphere
23. A fracture or zone of fractures along the boundaries of tectonic plates where movement has taken place.
fault
seismograph
specific gravity
till (unstratified drift)
24. An astronomical instrument for measuring angles & primarily altitude of celestial bodies to determine latitude.
sextant
scientific model
snow line
cleavage
25. The relationship between distances in the area being mapped and distances in the map itself.
hardpan
seafloor spreading
scale
cone of depression
26. The dust-sized & sharp-edged & glassy particles resulting from an explosive volcanic eruption.
fold
volcanic ash
oceanic trench
Copernicus & Nicholas
27. Swamp that forms in the low lying flood plain behind a levee.
subduction zone
back swamp
precipitation
coast
28. A deposit of partly decayed plant remains in a very wet environment; marsh or swamp deposit of plant remains containing more than 50 percent carbon.
open pit mining
peat
scale
clastic
29. The direction & north (normal) or south (reversed) & that a magnetic compass needle points.
magnetic polarity
seastack
Earth system
pipe
30. Deposits of wind-borne dust.
loess
plate
tide
rock cycle
31. A valley carved by glacier erosion and whose cross-valley profile has steep sides and a nearly flat floor & suggestive of a large letter 'you'.
Pelean eruption
you-shaped valley
eustatic change in sea level
archaean
32. The very small particles of dirt & soot & and other pollutants that are present in the air.
particulate air pollution
humid
atoll
thrust fault
33. A mound or ridge of sediment deposited by a glacier.
pH
fissure eruption
mid-ocean ridges
moraine
34. A rock changed from its original form and/or composition by heat & pressure &shearing stress & or chemically active fluids & or some combination of them.
Mesozoic
metamorphic rock
extrusive
oal
35. A sedimentary rock made up of chemical sediments. Example: rock salt.
chemical sedimentary rock
viscosity
observator
foliated
36. The green pigment in the cells of many plants that enables them to use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates in the process called photosynthesis.
chlorophyll
flash flood
floodplain
drainage divide
37. To preserve & or to avoid wasteful use.
conserve
longitude
floodplain
sand dune
38. The process of removing metal from ore.
smelting
beach
tell
Greenhouse Effect
39. Open pit mining & typically for coal.
strip mining
eustatic change in sea level
region
cartographer
40. Pertaining to or composed of granite & a coarse-grained igneous rock dominated by light-colored minerals & consisting of about 50 percent orthoclase & 25 percent quartz & and balance of feldspars and ferromagnesian silicates. Granite is commonly foun
water table
baseline study
granitic
basalt
41. The green pigment in the cells of many plants that enables them to use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates in the process called photosynthesis.
Uniformitarianism
flash flood
continental slope
chlorophyll
42. The initial point within the Earth that ruptures in an earthquake & directly below the epicenter. The point within the Earth which is the center of an earthquake & at which strain energy is first released and converted to elastic wave energy.
oceanic trench
region
terrestrial
focus
43. A roughly circular reef with an occasional small & low & coral sand island surrounding a shallow lagoon.
atoll
rain shadow deserts
crevasse
bar
44. Sediment formed by chemical precipitation from water. Example: halite precipitated as the result of the evaporation of sea water.
lithosphere
magnitude
chemical sediment
striations
45. A comet that passed Earth in 1997 and won't return to the inner solar system until the year 4377.
crater
Hale-Bopp
biogenic sedimentary rock
ablation
46. A supercontinent that existed from the Jurassic to Early Tertiary after splitting from Pangea; composed of Laurentia & Baltica & Avalonia & (modern North America & Scandinavia & Greenland & Western and Central Europe); eventually fragmented into Eur
Laurasia
fluctuate
acid
Richter scale
47. Surficial mining & in which the valuable rock is exposed by removal of overlying rock or soil.
basalt
Galileo
hemisphere
open pit mining
48. Bent rock strata.
specific gravity
zone of aeration
fold
viscosity
49. An individual grain or constituent of a rock.
eustatic change in sea level
magnetic polarity
hardpan
clast
50. The level of light that penetrates through water.
water clarity
transcontinental
subtropical deserts
Jupiter