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Test your basic knowledge |
Earth Science
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Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A large area of flat or nearly flat land.
you-shaped valley
plain
Venus
meteoroid
2. The process by which a binding & or cementing & agent is precipitated in spaces among individual particles of a deposit. Common cementing agents are calcite & quartz & and dolomite.
weathering
ore deposit
ground water
cementation
3. A depression in the ground formed by the melting of a block of glacier ice buried or partially buried by drift.
kettle
zone of leaching
seafloor spreading
convergent boundary
4. A time of unusual winds and currents in the Pacific Ocean . El Nino generally causes warmer-than-normal sea surface temperatures and increased rainfall and storm activity.
El Nino
nutrient
Venus
channelization
5. That portion of the Earth below the crust and reaching to about 2 &780 km & where a transition zone of about 100 km thickness separates it from the core.
mantle
striations
lahar
seismology
6. Deserts in zones of descending air between 25 degrees and 30 degrees north and south latitude.
mantle
kettle
subtropical deserts
Cenozoic
7. The area bordering a stream over which water spreads when the stream tops its channel banks.
floodplain
nova -- (Supernova)
Saturn
elevation
8. A valley carved by glacier erosion and whose cross-valley profile has steep sides and a nearly flat floor & suggestive of a large letter 'you'.
geologic column
crystal
you-shaped valley
region
9. The sudden fall of one or more large pieces of a rock from a cliff.
basalt
rockfall
flood
lava flood (plateau basalt)
10. The distance between two successive wave crests or troughs.
plutonic
disintegration (mechanical weathering)
wave length
terrestrial
11. One of several rock-forming minerals that contain at least 95% silica (quartz). and usually one or more other common elements.
mid-ocean ridges
discharge
eon
silicate
12. A time of unusual winds and currents in the Pacific Ocean . El Nino generally causes warmer-than-normal sea surface temperatures and increased rainfall and storm activity.
seismograph
geothermal energy
quarrying
El Nino
13. A worldwide change in sea level & such as caused by melting glaciers.
acid rain
eustatic change in sea level
pipe
levees
14. The portion of the continental margin that lies between the abyssal plain and the continental slope. The continental rise is underlain by crustal rocks of the ocean basin.
compass Rose
basin
density
continental rise
15. To change back and forth uncertainly.
fluctuate
acid
habitat
liquefaction
16. (Latin- Terra & Greek- Gaia) Earth is named after the ancient Germanic Goddess of the soil. It is the third planet from the Sun.
Earth
crust
scour
basaltic
17. A geometrical form taken by a mineral & giving external expression to orderly internal atomic arrangement.
loess
decomposition (chemical weathering)
crystal
asteroid
18. A device built to study distant objects by making them appear closer.
elevation
intertidal zone
telescope
ecosystem
19. A vent on the seafloor from which hydrothermal fluids are emitted. Upon mixing with seawater and cooling & the fluids precipitate a cloud of fine-grained sulfide minerals that resembles a cloud of black smoke.
plate
black smoker
boundary
flood
20. A large volume of dust-sized particles lifted high into the atmosphere.
thrust fault
dust storm
solar system
seismic sea wave (tsunami)
21. A thickened elevated region of Earth's crust that is mainly (but not entirely) above sea level.
ozone layer
groove
continent
foreshock
22. A collection of maps.
atlas
superposition
compass
sediment
23. The closest star to Earth besides the sun. It is approximately 4 light years away.
water clarity
Proxima Centauri
tell
rockslide (rock avalanche)
24. A natural open space underground & large enough for a person to enter. Most commonly occur by the dissolution of soluble rocks & generally limestone.
continental slope
cave
stratum
ecosystem
25. A tool for measuring the relative clarity of water.
ozone layer
secchi disk
chlorophyll
shoreline
26. Deposits of wind-borne dust.
erosion
fold and thrust mountains
loess
aa
27. As applied to glacier ice & the process by which ice below the snow line is wasted by evaporation and melting.
nutrient
wave trough
nonfoliated
ablation
28. The distance light travels through a vacuum in one year.
convergent boundary
light-year
wind farm
period
29. Mercury is named after the Roman messenger of the gods. It is the closest to the Sun.
body wave
swells
Mercury
Andromeda
30. The precipitation that runs directly off the surface to stream or body of standing water.
calving
Continntal Drift Theory
runoff
subtropical deserts
31. Reduction of pore space between individual particles as the result of overlying sediments or of tectonic movements.
nautical mile
transform boundary
suspension
compaction
32. Where two plates are moving in opposite directions as in a mid-ocean ridge.
geothermal energy
tectonic Plates
divergent boundary
ablation
33. No identifiable layers of minerals in a rock sample
nonfoliated
stratification
fault
levees
34. A layer of sedimentary rock; plural is strata.
light-year
stratum
ozone
Paleozoic
35. The initial point within the Earth that ruptures in an earthquake & directly below the epicenter. The point within the Earth which is the center of an earthquake & at which strain energy is first released and converted to elastic wave energy.
igneous rock
focus
drainage basin
comet
36. The breaking away of ice from the front of the glacier when it ends in a lake or an ocean. Produces icebergs.
Mars
mantle
calving
meander
37. In a stream & the volume of water passing through a channel in a given time.
global warming
seismoscope
meander
discharge
38. A process of erosion in which wind carries off particles of dust and sand.
deflation
Hale-Bopp
outcrop
stratovolcano (composite volcano)
39. Produced as a wave steepens and falls forward as the wave nears the shore.
till (unstratified drift)
surf
current speed
calving
40. A permeable region of rock or soil through which ground water can move.
aquifer
glacier
pipe
back swamp
41. A glaciated valley now flooded by the sea.
stalagmite
terrestrial
fjord
till (unstratified drift)
42. Surficial mining & in which the valuable rock is exposed by removal of overlying rock or soil.
zone of aeration
reservoir rock
open pit mining
foliated
43. Soil conditions prevailing in area whose mean annual temperature is 0o C.
black smoker
eon
permafrost
suspension
44. The distance between two successive wave crests or troughs.
wave length
creep
sextant
magnetic equator
45. A sedimentary rock made up of chemical sediments. Example: rock salt.
Copernicus & Nicholas
chemical sedimentary rock
ozone depletion
plate boundaries
46. A waterway from open ocean into a lagoon.
tidal inlet
reef
snow line
moraine
47. 1. A mass of sand & gravel & or alluvium deposited on the bed of a stream & sea & or lake & or at the mouth of a stream 2. A unit of pressure & approximately equal to atmospheric pressure at sea level.
epicenter
density
desertification
bar
48. The portion of the continental margin that extends as a gently sloping surface from the shoreline seaward to a marked change in slope at the top of the continental slope . Seaward depth averages about 130 m.
continental shelf
peat
humid
galaxy
49. A zone in the Earth between 400 and 670 km below the surface separating the upper mantle from the lower mantle.
mesosphere
quarrying
fracture
snow line
50. The effect of water and carbon dioxide absorbing outgoing infrared radiation & raising a system's temperature. The term is generally used with reference to the Earth's temperature & although it can also be applied to other systems & such as greenhous
Greenhouse Effect
snow line
galaxy
viscosity
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