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Earth Science

Subject : science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A large area of flat or nearly flat land.






2. The process by which a binding & or cementing & agent is precipitated in spaces among individual particles of a deposit. Common cementing agents are calcite & quartz & and dolomite.






3. A depression in the ground formed by the melting of a block of glacier ice buried or partially buried by drift.






4. A time of unusual winds and currents in the Pacific Ocean . El Nino generally causes warmer-than-normal sea surface temperatures and increased rainfall and storm activity.






5. That portion of the Earth below the crust and reaching to about 2 &780 km & where a transition zone of about 100 km thickness separates it from the core.






6. Deserts in zones of descending air between 25 degrees and 30 degrees north and south latitude.






7. The area bordering a stream over which water spreads when the stream tops its channel banks.






8. A valley carved by glacier erosion and whose cross-valley profile has steep sides and a nearly flat floor & suggestive of a large letter 'you'.






9. The sudden fall of one or more large pieces of a rock from a cliff.






10. The distance between two successive wave crests or troughs.






11. One of several rock-forming minerals that contain at least 95% silica (quartz). and usually one or more other common elements.






12. A time of unusual winds and currents in the Pacific Ocean . El Nino generally causes warmer-than-normal sea surface temperatures and increased rainfall and storm activity.






13. A worldwide change in sea level & such as caused by melting glaciers.






14. The portion of the continental margin that lies between the abyssal plain and the continental slope. The continental rise is underlain by crustal rocks of the ocean basin.






15. To change back and forth uncertainly.






16. (Latin- Terra & Greek- Gaia) Earth is named after the ancient Germanic Goddess of the soil. It is the third planet from the Sun.






17. A geometrical form taken by a mineral & giving external expression to orderly internal atomic arrangement.






18. A device built to study distant objects by making them appear closer.






19. A vent on the seafloor from which hydrothermal fluids are emitted. Upon mixing with seawater and cooling & the fluids precipitate a cloud of fine-grained sulfide minerals that resembles a cloud of black smoke.






20. A large volume of dust-sized particles lifted high into the atmosphere.






21. A thickened elevated region of Earth's crust that is mainly (but not entirely) above sea level.






22. A collection of maps.






23. The closest star to Earth besides the sun. It is approximately 4 light years away.






24. A natural open space underground & large enough for a person to enter. Most commonly occur by the dissolution of soluble rocks & generally limestone.






25. A tool for measuring the relative clarity of water.






26. Deposits of wind-borne dust.






27. As applied to glacier ice & the process by which ice below the snow line is wasted by evaporation and melting.






28. The distance light travels through a vacuum in one year.






29. Mercury is named after the Roman messenger of the gods. It is the closest to the Sun.






30. The precipitation that runs directly off the surface to stream or body of standing water.






31. Reduction of pore space between individual particles as the result of overlying sediments or of tectonic movements.






32. Where two plates are moving in opposite directions as in a mid-ocean ridge.






33. No identifiable layers of minerals in a rock sample






34. A layer of sedimentary rock; plural is strata.






35. The initial point within the Earth that ruptures in an earthquake & directly below the epicenter. The point within the Earth which is the center of an earthquake & at which strain energy is first released and converted to elastic wave energy.






36. The breaking away of ice from the front of the glacier when it ends in a lake or an ocean. Produces icebergs.






37. In a stream & the volume of water passing through a channel in a given time.






38. A process of erosion in which wind carries off particles of dust and sand.






39. Produced as a wave steepens and falls forward as the wave nears the shore.






40. A permeable region of rock or soil through which ground water can move.






41. A glaciated valley now flooded by the sea.






42. Surficial mining & in which the valuable rock is exposed by removal of overlying rock or soil.






43. Soil conditions prevailing in area whose mean annual temperature is 0o C.






44. The distance between two successive wave crests or troughs.






45. A sedimentary rock made up of chemical sediments. Example: rock salt.






46. A waterway from open ocean into a lagoon.






47. 1. A mass of sand & gravel & or alluvium deposited on the bed of a stream & sea & or lake & or at the mouth of a stream 2. A unit of pressure & approximately equal to atmospheric pressure at sea level.






48. The portion of the continental margin that extends as a gently sloping surface from the shoreline seaward to a marked change in slope at the top of the continental slope . Seaward depth averages about 130 m.






49. A zone in the Earth between 400 and 670 km below the surface separating the upper mantle from the lower mantle.






50. The effect of water and carbon dioxide absorbing outgoing infrared radiation & raising a system's temperature. The term is generally used with reference to the Earth's temperature & although it can also be applied to other systems & such as greenhous







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