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Earth Science

Subject : science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A thick layer of soil.






2. A vertical conduit through the Earth's crust below a volcano & through Which magma has passed.






3. The areas of & in & or constituting a city.






4. The current geologic era & which began 66.4 million years ago and continues to the present.






5. The uprush of a wave onto the beach followed by the return flow of the water down the beach slope in the intervals between waves.






6. A term applied to large areas of basaltic lava presumably extruded from fissures.






7. The process of mountain building.






8. An area of land that delivers runoff water & sediment & and dissolved substances to surface water bodies & such as rivers or lakes. All watersheds consist of boundaries & a basin and collection areas.






9. A tool for measuring the relative clarity of water.






10. The line separating land and water.






11. A reverse fault on which the dip angle of the fault plane is 15 degrees or less.






12. Temporary accumulations of sediments that collect between low and high water marks.






13. The oldest eon in Earth history & extending from the origin of the Earth to about 3.9 billion years ago.






14. A steep or vertical cliff & either above or below sea level.






15. Formed when an organism is flattened (compressed) and a thin film of organic material from its body is left in the rock.






16. The arrangement of rock units in the proper chronological order from youngest to oldest.






17. A sea wave produced by any large-scale & short duration disturbance on the seafloor & commonly a shallow submarine earthquake but possibly also a submarine slide or volcanic eruption.






18. Mercury is named after the Roman messenger of the gods. It is the closest to the Sun.






19. Mars is named after the Roman god of war. It is the fourth planet from the Sun.






20. A statement of relative age in layered rocks: In a series of sedimentary rocks that has not been overturned & the topmost layer is always the youngest and the bottommost layer is always the oldest.






21. The closest galaxy to the Milky way. It is approximately 2 million light-years away.






22. An abandoned meander .






23. Of or relating to or containing basalt & a dark & dense & extrusive rock that has a silica content of 40% to 50% and makes up most of the ocean floor.






24. The relationship between distances in the area being mapped and distances in the map itself.






25. Any porous and permeable rock that yields oil or natural gas.






26. The closest star to Earth besides the sun. It is approximately 4 light years away.






27. A system involving continuous interaction of the solid Earth & the atmosphere & the oceans and living things.






28. A substance that produces positively charged hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water.






29. A Hawaiian term for a lava flow that has a rough & jagged surface.






30. The vertical distance between the crest and adjacent trough of a wave.






31. A landscape that develops from the action of ground water in areas of easily soluble rocks. It is usually characterized by caves & underground drainage and sinkholes.






32. The closest star to Earth besides the sun. It is approximately 4 light years away.






33. The elevation at which snow persists throughout the year.






34. The formation & advance and retreat of glaciers and the results of these activities.






35. The two days of the year on which neither hemisphere is tilted toward or away from the sun.






36. The distance light travels through a vacuum in one year.






37. A zone in the Earth between 400 and 670 km below the surface separating the upper mantle from the lower mantle.






38. That portion of the Earth below the crust and reaching to about 2 &780 km & where a transition zone of about 100 km thickness separates it from the core.






39. Any of various minerals prized for beauty & durability & and rarity. A few noncrystalline materials of organic origin (e.g. & pearl & red coral & and amber) also are classified as gemstones.






40. Any object that revolves around another object in space.






41. A mass of ice & formed by the recrystallization of snow & that flows forward & or has flowed at some time in the past.






42. A general term including both oil and natural gas.






43. The reserves of a valuable mineral commodity plus all other mineral deposits that may eventually become available & even those that are presumed to exist but have not yet been discovered and those that are not economically or technologically exploita






44. An aggregate of one or more minerals in varying proportions.






45. A guide to reading a map that typically contains distance scales & arrows indicating direction & and/or explanations of symbols used.






46. A group of stars that appear to make a pattern in the sky. The Big Dipper is a constellation.






47. The portion of the continental margin that extends as a gently sloping surface from the shoreline seaward to a marked change in slope at the top of the continental slope . Seaward depth averages about 130 m.






48. The reflection of light on a given mineral's surface & classified by intensity and quality.






49. The zone below the zone of aeration in which all pore spaces are filled with water.






50. Lava extruded beneath water characterized by pillow shapes.







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