Test your basic knowledge |

Earth Science

Subject : science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Pluto is named after the Roman god of the Underworld. No longer considered a planet.






2. Mars is named after the Roman god of war. It is the fourth planet from the Sun.






3. A volcano that is composed of alternating layers of lava and pyroclastic material & along with abundant dikes and sills. Viscous & intermediate lava may flow from a central vent. Example: Mt. Fuji in Japan.






4. Forms along a coast as wave erosion cuts through a headland.






5. Large area of extremely flat ocean floor lying near a continent and generally over 4 km in depth.






6. To preserve & or to avoid wasteful use.






7. The presence of layers in some rocks caused by parallel alignment of minerals.






8. A term applied to large areas of basaltic lava presumably extruded from fissures.






9. The process of one plate descending beneath another.






10. A famous scientist who proposed that the Sun was the center of the solar system not the Earth. (Heliocentrism)






11. The straightening and/or deepening of a river channel.






12. Pertaining to clastic material formed by volcanic explosion or aerial expulsion from a volcanic vent.






13. An area of land that delivers runoff water & sediment & and dissolved substances to surface water bodies & such as rivers or lakes. All watersheds consist of boundaries & a basin and collection areas.






14. Materials that are found in nature that are useful or necessary for people to live.






15. A narrow strip of land that has water on either side and connects two larger bodies of water.






16. The theory that states that the present-day continents are the fragmented pieces of preexisting larger landmasses called supercontinents.






17. The point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake.






18. The generally dark & more or less stable part of the organic matter in a soil & so well decomposed that the original sources cannot be identified.






19. The layer of gases (air) & that surrounds a planet or moon.






20. A downward distortion or dimple in the water table that forms as a well pumps water faster than it can flow through the aquifer.






21. Applies to igneous rocks that cool on the surface of the Earth & including beneath water; typically with small crystals due to the rapidity of cooling. Synonym of extrusive. Antonym of plutonic.






22. The sum of the processes that result in the wearing away or the progressive lowering of the Earth's surface by weathering & erosion & mass wasting & and transportation.






23. Property possessed by certain rocks of breaking with relative ease along parallel planes or nearly parallel surfaces in their crystal structures where the bonds are weakest.






24. An aggregate of one or more minerals in varying proportions.






25. The formation & advance and retreat of glaciers and the results of these activities.






26. A small ice sheet.






27. Temporary accumulations of sediments that collect between low and high water marks.






28. A system that uses a constellation of 24 satellites & their ground stations & and individual GPS receivers to accurately locate points on Earth.






29. The transformation of a soil from a solid to a liquid state as the result of increased pore pressure.






30. The region of a shore that is covered at high tide and exposed at low tide.






31. The science that deals with the study of the planet Earth--the materials of which it is made & the processes that act to change these materials from one form to another & and the history recorded by these materials; the forces acting to deform the ou






32. Gases that can be dissociated by solar radiation & which releases chlorine & which in turn destroys ozone.

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33. A portable time keeper with a mechanism for ensuring accuracy and adjusting itself & used for determining longitude at sea.






34. Geologic time expressed in years before the present.






35. A volcano that is composed of alternating layers of lava and pyroclastic material & along with abundant dikes and sills. Viscous & intermediate lava may flow from a central vent. Example: Mt. Fuji in Japan.






36. Lies half way between the north and south magnetic poles.






37. Extending across a continent.






38. A waterway from open ocean into a lagoon.






39. A small ice sheet.






40. Distance over which wave-forming winds blow.






41. Synonym of intrusive. Antonym of volcanic. Applies to igneous rocks formed beneath the surface of the Earth; typically with large crystals due to the slowness of cooling.






42. The closest galaxy to the Milky way. It is approximately 2 million light-years away.






43. An area of land that delivers runoff water & sediment & and dissolved substances to surface water bodies & such as rivers or lakes. All watersheds consist of boundaries & a basin and collection areas.






44. The reflection of light on a given mineral's surface & classified by intensity and quality.






45. The distance light travels through a vacuum in one year.






46. A person who makes maps.






47. The amount of dissolved salt in water.






48. The sudden fall of one or more large pieces of a rock from a cliff.






49. Sediment formed by chemical precipitation from water. Example: halite precipitated as the result of the evaporation of sea water.






50. A time of unusual winds and currents in the Pacific Ocean . El Nino generally causes warmer-than-normal sea surface temperatures and increased rainfall and storm activity.