Test your basic knowledge |

Earth Science

Subject : science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake.






2. Any accumulation of material & by settling from water or air & chemical precipitation & evaporation from solution & etc.






3. Any accumulation of material & by settling from water or air & chemical precipitation & evaporation from solution & etc.






4. A valley caused by extension of the Earth's crust. Its floor forms as a portion of the crust moves downward along normal faults.






5. One of several rock-forming minerals that contain at least 95% silica (quartz). and usually one or more other common elements.






6. The amount of dissolved salt in water.






7. A mudflow composed chiefly of pyroclastic material on the flanks of a volcano.






8. A natural open space underground & large enough for a person to enter. Most commonly occur by the dissolution of soluble rocks & generally limestone.






9. A term applied to large areas of basaltic lava presumably extruded from fissures.






10. Similar to a groin but built to keep sand out of a harbor entrance.






11. The point on the Earth's surface where a magnetic needle points vertically downward (north magnetic pole) or vertically upward (south magnetic pole).






12. Synonym of intrusive. Antonym of volcanic. Applies to igneous rocks formed beneath the surface of the Earth; typically with large crystals due to the slowness of cooling.






13. The Sun with all the celestial bodies that revolve around it.






14. An ingredient in a food or other substance that nourishes or promotes growth.






15. The part of the crust that directly underlies the continents and continental shelves. Averages about 35 km in thickness & but may be over 70 km thick under largest mountain ranges.






16. The relationship between distances in the area being mapped and distances in the map itself.






17. The processes (mechanical and chemical) responsible for the wearing away & loosening & and dissolving of materials of the Earth's crust.






18. The oldest eon in Earth history & extending from the origin of the Earth to about 3.9 billion years ago.






19. The presence of layers in some rocks caused by parallel alignment of minerals.






20. A group of stars that appear to make a pattern in the sky. The Big Dipper is a constellation.






21. Igneous. Antonym of intrusive. Synonym of volcanic. Pertaining to igneous rocks or features formed from lava released on the Earth's surface.






22. Any molten material that is extrusive or volcanic & or the rock that forms from a molten extrusive. Molten rock that flows at the Earth's surface.






23. An eon of geologic time extending from about 3.9 billion years to 2.5 billion years ago.






24. A process by which salts accumulate in soil.






25. The southern portion of the late Paleozoic supercontinent known as Pangea. It means & literally 'Land of the Gonds' (a people of the Indian subcontinent).The supercontinent existed from Cambrian to Jurassic time & mainly composed of South America &






26. The science that deals with the study of the planet Earth--the materials of which it is made & the processes that act to change these materials from one form to another & and the history recorded by these materials; the forces acting to deform the ou






27. The layer of gases (air) & that surrounds a planet or moon.






28. A famous scientist who proposed that the Sun was the center of the solar system not the Earth. (Heliocentrism)






29. Mercury is named after the Roman messenger of the gods. It is the closest to the Sun.






30. The rise and fall of sea level caused by the gravitational pull of the Sun and Moon on the Earth.






31. A layer of sedimentary rock; plural is strata.






32. A person who makes maps.






33. Lava extruded beneath water characterized by pillow shapes.






34. The rigid outer shell of the Earth. It includes the crust and uppermost mantle and is on the order of 100 km in thickness.






35. The chronological sequence of units of Earth time.






36. The very small particles of dirt & soot & and other pollutants that are present in the air.






37. The low spot between two successive waves.






38. Gases (primarily water and carbon dioxide & but also a variety of sulfur and nitrogen compounds and gaseous hydrocarbons) that trap the Sun's heat in the atmosphere.






39. The sum of the processes that result in the wearing away or the progressive lowering of the Earth's surface by weathering & erosion & mass wasting & and transportation.






40. A volcanic mountain on the seafloor. If flat-topped & it is a guyot.






41. A vertical conduit through the Earth's crust below a volcano & through Which magma has passed.






42. Living in water.






43. The reserves of a valuable mineral commodity plus all other mineral deposits that may eventually become available & even those that are presumed to exist but have not yet been discovered and those that are not economically or technologically exploita






44. Living in water.






45. The two days of the year on which the noon sun is directly overhead at either 23.5






46. (Latin- Sol & Greek- Helios)the closest star to Earth. It is a giant ball of gas without any solid surface.






47. The amount of material a stream carries in suspension.






48. The generally dark & more or less stable part of the organic matter in a soil & so well decomposed that the original sources cannot be identified.






49. The mass of an object divided by its volume.






50. The height of a place above sea level.