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Test your basic knowledge |
Earth Science
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Imaginary lines on a map or globe that measure distance in degrees north or south of the equator. Latitude lines extend horizontally & from east to west on a globe.
latitude
denudation
fault
Mesozoic
2. The way in which a rock or mineral breaks in random patterns rather than cleaving
moon
fossil fuel
fracture
rockslide (rock avalanche)
3. The internal resistance to flow in a liquid.
extrusive
Proterozoic
viscosity
conduction
4. The breaking away of ice from the front of the glacier when it ends in a lake or an ocean. Produces icebergs.
calving
kettle
rock cycle
ore
5. A molecule composed of three atoms of oxygen and mostly found in the stratosphere. Though beneficial in the upper atmosphere & at ground level & ozone is called photochemical smog & and is a respiratory irritant and considered a pollutant.
outcrop
ozone
chlorophyll
barrier reef
6. A process of land degradation initiated by human activity & particularly in the zones along the margins of deserts.
mantle
desertification
marine Chronometer
seafloor spreading
7. Water that flows across watersheds during and immediately after severe rainstorms. In populated areas & stormwater runoff is often water that cannot be handled by existing sewer systems. Stormwater runoff is the leading source of water pollution in t
reef
striations
Precambrian
stormwater runoff
8. A famous scientist who proposed that the Sun was the center of the solar system not the Earth. (Heliocentrism)
striations
aftershock
Copernicus & Nicholas
comet
9. The remains of an extremely massive star pulled into a small volume by the force of gravity.
sedimentary rock
black hole
aftershock
tidal inlet
10. A slide involving a downward and usually sudden movement of newly detached segments of bedrock sliding or slipping over an inclined surface of weakness such as a bedding plane & fault plane & or joint surface.
rockfall
island arc
rockslide (rock avalanche)
estuary
11. The weak or 'soft' zone in the upper mantle just below the lithosphere & involved in plate movement and isostatic adjustments. It lies 70 to 100 km below the surface and may extend to a depth of 400 km.
magnitude
Hale-Bopp
asthenosphere
shield volcano
12. A pillar formed as a stalactite and stalagmite meet.
Pangea
column
drainage divide
suspension
13. The two days of the year on which neither hemisphere is tilted toward or away from the sun.
runoff
sand dune
equinox
galaxy
14. A layer of sedimentary rock; plural is strata.
convection cell
stratum
urban
oxbow lake
15. A rock that has crystallized from a molten state.
Richter scale
pyroclastic
igneous rock
desertification
16. A lake of lava & usually basaltic & in a volcanic caldera.
pothole
drought
lava lake
nautical mile
17. A permeable region of rock or soil through which ground water can move.
nova -- (Supernova)
aquifer
transcontinental
suspension
18. The weak or 'soft' zone in the upper mantle just below the lithosphere & involved in plate movement and isostatic adjustments. It lies 70 to 100 km below the surface and may extend to a depth of 400 km.
stalagmite
swells
cleavage
asthenosphere
19. The portion of the continental margin that lies between the abyssal plain and the continental slope. The continental rise is underlain by crustal rocks of the ocean basin.
continental rise
Global Positioning System (GPS)
geothermal energy
ground water
20. That part of the continental margin that lies between the continental shelf and the continental rise. Slope relatively steep & 3o - 6o. The continental slope is underlain by crustal rocks of the continent.
secchi disk
continental slope
estuary
renewable resources
21. Water that flows across watersheds during and immediately after severe rainstorms. In populated areas & stormwater runoff is often water that cannot be handled by existing sewer systems. Stormwater runoff is the leading source of water pollution in t
magnetic polarity
magnetic equator
creep
stormwater runoff
22. The zone below the zone of aeration in which all pore spaces are filled with water.
zone of aeration
crater
zone of saturation
salinity
23. A continuous well-defined mass of material of sufficient ore content to make extraction economically feasible. compare mineral deposit.
glacier
stratification
streak
ore deposit
24. Evidence in rock of the presence of past life & such as a dinosaur bone & an ancient clam shell & or the footprint of a long-extinct animal as well as life history artifacts.
dust bowl
escarpment
fossil
sinkhole
25. A commonly used measure of earthquake magnitude & based on a logarithmic scale. Each integral step on the scale represents a tenfold increase in the extent of ground shaking & as recorded on a seismograph.
discharge
steppe
acid
Richter scale
26. Shapes & like mountains or hills that make up the Earth's surface.
fold
landforms
triangulation
channelization
27. The chronological sequence of units of Earth time.
geologic time scale
ozone depletion
dust devil
sand dune
28. An informal term to include all geologic time from the beginning of the Earth to the beginning of the Cambrian period 570 million years ago.
compass Rose
Precambrian
flash flood
clastic
29. Glacial drift composed of rock fragments that range from clay to boulder size and randomly arranged without bedding.
period
Venus
intensity
till (unstratified drift)
30. The distance between two successive wave crests or troughs.
seismic gap
wave length
fold and thrust mountains
peat
31. The closest galaxy to the Milky way. It is approximately 2 million light-years away.
ice sheet
Andromeda
archipelago
Modified Mercalli Scale
32. The science that deals with the study of the planet Earth--the materials of which it is made & the processes that act to change these materials from one form to another & and the history recorded by these materials; the forces acting to deform the ou
geology
fault
Cenozoic
isostasy
33. The arrangement of rock units in the proper chronological order from youngest to oldest.
peat
rift (graben)
geologic column
geology
34. A waterway from open ocean into a lagoon.
galaxy
tidal inlet
igneous rock
rift (graben)
35. A guide to reading a map that typically contains distance scales & arrows indicating direction & and/or explanations of symbols used.
Modified Mercalli Scale
legend
nutrient
groove
36. An isolated & steep-sided & rocky mass or island just offshore from a rocky headland & usually on a shore platform.
seastack
striations
salinity
dust devil
37. A large area of flat or nearly flat land.
flash flood
ground moraine
Modified Mercalli Scale
plain
38. An eruption of lava that takes place from a fracture & usually without producing a cone.
fissure eruption
island arc
drift
ice shelf
39. A period of dryness & that when prolonged & causes damage to crops; a shortage of water.
drought
conserve
nautical mile
seamount
40. A measure of the size of an earthquake in terms of the damage it causes.
climate
runoff
renewable resources
intensity
41. A detailed mathematical description of the cause-and-effect relationships between events that can be used to predict or explain other such events.
archaean
scientific model
glacier
abyssal plain
42. The mass of an object divided by its volume.
lava lake
density
convection cell
chlorophyll
43. A collection of maps.
plain
atlas
galaxy
chalk
44. Pertaining to clastic material formed by volcanic explosion or aerial expulsion from a volcanic vent.
fetch
period
pyroclastic
black smoker
45. The straightening and/or deepening of a river channel.
atoll
channelization
outcrop
eustatic change in sea level
46. As applied to glacier ice & the process by which ice below the snow line is wasted by evaporation and melting.
crust
vesicle
ablation
Uranus
47. In the geologic time scale a unit of time less than an era and greater than an epoch. Example: The Tertiary period was the earliest period in the Cenozoic era and included & among others & the Eocene epoch.
p- wave (primary wave & compressional wave)
seamount
period
ore
48. A vent on the seafloor from which hydrothermal fluids are emitted. Upon mixing with seawater and cooling & the fluids precipitate a cloud of fine-grained sulfide minerals that resembles a cloud of black smoke.
basalt
Saturn
black smoker
metamorphic rock
49. A plate boundary in which plates on opposite sides of the boundary move past each other in opposite directions. The San Andreas fault of California is a good example.
rock cycle
granitic
absolute time
transform boundary
50. The tendency of a moving object to continue in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place.
fissure eruption
Andromeda
Hale-Bopp
inertia