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Earth Science

Subject : science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A Hawaiian term for a lava flow that has a rough & jagged surface.






2. Any of various minerals prized for beauty & durability & and rarity. A few noncrystalline materials of organic origin (e.g. & pearl & red coral & and amber) also are classified as gemstones.






3. The closest galaxy to the Milky way. It is approximately 2 million light-years away.






4. To wash or scrub away.






5. To wash or scrub away.






6. Any molten material that is extrusive or volcanic & or the rock that forms from a molten extrusive. Molten rock that flows at the Earth's surface.






7. The internal resistance to flow in a liquid.






8. A lake of lava & usually basaltic & in a volcanic caldera.






9. Any place where bedrock is visible on the surface of the Earth.






10. An individual grain or constituent of a rock.






11. The outermost part of the core. It is liquid & about 1 &700 km thick & and separated from the inner & solid core by a transition zone about 565 km thick.






12. The portion of the continental margin that lies between the abyssal plain and the continental slope. The continental rise is underlain by crustal rocks of the ocean basin.






13. The process of mountain building.






14. A pillar formed as a stalactite and stalagmite meet.






15. Surficial mining & in which the valuable rock is exposed by removal of overlying rock or soil.






16. A roughly circular reef with an occasional small & low & coral sand island surrounding a shallow lagoon.






17. Living on land.






18. Turbulent stream water flow down a steep gradient & but not as steep as in a waterfall.






19. A collection of maps.






20. A Hawaiian term for a basaltic lava flow with a smooth & or ropy surface.






21. The vertical distance between the crest and adjacent trough of a wave.






22. Mercury is named after the Roman messenger of the gods. It is the closest to the Sun.






23. Refers to rock or sediments made up primarily of broken fragments of pre-existing rocks or minerals.






24. An atmospheric shield providing the Earth with protection from ultra-violet rays which can cause sun burn & skin cancer and the destruction of the delicate plant life which supports the planet's food chain.






25. An abandoned meander .






26. In a stream & the volume of water passing through a channel in a given time.






27. The precipitation that runs directly off the surface to stream or body of standing water.






28. Living in water.






29. A person who makes maps.






30. A planetary satellite.






31. An area where fresh water comes into contact with seawater & usually in a partly enclosed coastal body of water; a mix of fresh and salt water where the current of a stream meets the tides.






32. A narrow strip of land along the margin of the ocean extending inland for a variable distance from low water mark.






33. The current geologic era & which began 66.4 million years ago and continues to the present.






34. A volcano that is composed of alternating layers of lava and pyroclastic material & along with abundant dikes and sills. Viscous & intermediate lava may flow from a central vent. Example: Mt. Fuji in Japan.






35. The explosion of a dying giant or supergiant star.






36. A vent in the surface of the Earth & from which lava & ash & and gases erupt.






37. The green pigment in the cells of many plants that enables them to use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates in the process called photosynthesis.






38. A naturally occurring inorganic solid that has a well-defined chemical composition and in which atoms are arranged in an ordered fashion.






39. Water that flows across watersheds during and immediately after severe rainstorms. In populated areas & stormwater runoff is often water that cannot be handled by existing sewer systems. Stormwater runoff is the leading source of water pollution in t






40. An instrument that merely indicates the occurrence of an earthquake.






41. A river that is able to maintain its flow through a desert because of water received from outside the desert.






42. Reduction of pore space between individual particles as the result of overlying sediments or of tectonic movements.






43. The dust-sized & sharp-edged & glassy particles resulting from an explosive volcanic eruption.






44. Woodland that usually gets at least 100 inches of rain each year.






45. Elongated rises on the ocean floor where basalt periodically erupts & forming new oceanic crust.






46. 1. A low & bowl-shaped area of land surrounded by higher lands. 2. any large depression in which sediments are deposited.






47. The region of a shore that is covered at high tide and exposed at low tide.






48. A hole or basin cut into bedrock of a stream by the abrasive action of pebbles and sand swirled by turbulent stream flow.






49. The two days of the year on which the noon sun is directly overhead at either 23.5






50. An eon of geologic time extending from about 3.9 billion years to 2.5 billion years ago.







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