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Earth Science

Subject : science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The portion of the continental margin that extends as a gently sloping surface from the shoreline seaward to a marked change in slope at the top of the continental slope . Seaward depth averages about 130 m.






2. A measure of the size of an earthquake in terms of the damage it causes.






3. An era of geologic time lasting from 570 to 245 million years ago.






4. Living in water.






5. The condition of equilibrium & comparable to floating & of units of the lithosphere above the asthenosphere.






6. A sea wave produced by any large-scale & short duration disturbance on the seafloor & commonly a shallow submarine earthquake but possibly also a submarine slide or volcanic eruption.






7. A hole or basin cut into bedrock of a stream by the abrasive action of pebbles and sand swirled by turbulent stream flow.






8. A depression in the ground formed by the melting of a block of glacier ice buried or partially buried by drift.






9. An individual grain or constituent of a rock.






10. In a stream & the volume of water passing through a channel in a given time.






11. Fossils formed when water containing minerals leaks into a mold. The minerals harden to form a copy of the original structure or organism.






12. Distance over which wave-forming winds blow.






13. Any natural concentration of a valuable material in the Earth's crust & whether that material can be extracted profitably or not.






14. A landscape that develops from the action of ground water in areas of easily soluble rocks. It is usually characterized by caves & underground drainage and sinkholes.






15. The processes (mechanical and chemical) responsible for the wearing away & loosening & and dissolving of materials of the Earth's crust.






16. Evidence in rock of the presence of past life & such as a dinosaur bone & an ancient clam shell & or the footprint of a long-extinct animal as well as life history artifacts.






17. The mass of an object divided by its volume.






18. The arrangement of rock units in the proper chronological order from youngest to oldest.






19. A division of geologic time next shorter than a period. Example: the Pleistocene epoch is in the Quaternary period.






20. Lacking in rainfall & very dry.






21. The point on the Earth's surface that is directly above the focus of an earthquake.






22. The current geologic era & which began 66.4 million years ago and continues to the present.






23. An isolated & steep-sided & rocky mass or island just offshore from a rocky headland & usually on a shore platform.






24. A flood that rises and falls very rapidly.






25. An individual grain or constituent of a rock.






26. Any porous and permeable rock that yields oil or natural gas.






27. Containing moisture.






28. Bent rock strata.






29. A measure of acidity.






30. An icicle-shaped accumulation of dripstone hanging from cave roof.






31. A sea level change due to change in load on Earth's crust.






32. The production of living matter by organisms that make food using sunlight or chemicals. Usually expressed as grams of carbon per square meter per year.






33. A volcanic mountain on the seafloor. If flat-topped & it is a guyot.






34. A system that uses a constellation of 24 satellites & their ground stations & and individual GPS receivers to accurately locate points on Earth.






35. 1. A mass of sand & gravel & or alluvium deposited on the bed of a stream & sea & or lake & or at the mouth of a stream 2. A unit of pressure & approximately equal to atmospheric pressure at sea level.






36. An area of land that delivers runoff water & sediment & and dissolved substances to surface water bodies & such as rivers or lakes. All watersheds consist of boundaries & a basin and collection areas.






37. The weak or 'soft' zone in the upper mantle just below the lithosphere & involved in plate movement and isostatic adjustments. It lies 70 to 100 km below the surface and may extend to a depth of 400 km.






38. Highly mafic igneous volcanic rock & typically fine-grained and dark in color; rough volcanic equivalent of gabbro. Basalt is the most abundant volcanic rock in the Earth's crust.






39. To preserve & or to avoid wasteful use.






40. The outermost part of the core. It is liquid & about 1 &700 km thick & and separated from the inner & solid core by a transition zone about 565 km thick.






41. One of several rock-forming minerals that contain at least 95% silica (quartz). and usually one or more other common elements.






42. Heat extracted from the Earth for use as an power source.






43. A sedimentary rock made up of chemical sediments. Example: rock salt.






44. A delta formed at both sides of a tidal inlet.






45. A measure of the size of an earthquake in terms of the damage it causes.






46. A portable time keeper with a mechanism for ensuring accuracy and adjusting itself & used for determining longitude at sea.






47. The accumulation of material in layers or beds.






48. A mudflow composed chiefly of pyroclastic material on the flanks of a volcano.






49. The reflection of light on a given mineral's surface & classified by intensity and quality.






50. A large area of flat or nearly flat land.







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