Test your basic knowledge |

Earth Science

Subject : science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An area in which a large number of windmills have been erected to generate electrical power.






2. Water beneath the Earth's surface.






3. The oldest eon in Earth history & extending from the origin of the Earth to about 3.9 billion years ago.






4. The point on the Earth's surface that is directly above the focus of an earthquake.






5. A segment of an active fault zone that has not experienced a major earthquake during a time period when most other segments of the zone have. They are generally regarded as having a higher potential for future earthquakes.






6. A permeable region of rock or soil through which ground water can move.






7. The rise and fall of sea level caused by the gravitational pull of the Sun and Moon on the Earth.






8. A worldwide change in sea level & such as caused by melting glaciers.






9. The line formed by the intersection of the axial plane of a fold with a bedding plane & marking where the bed shows its maximum curvature.






10. The galaxy where Earth is located.






11. A lake of lava & usually basaltic & in a volcanic caldera.






12. A sedimentary rock composed of combustible matter derived from the partial decomposition of plant material.






13. Living parts of the environment that can renew or replace themselves.






14. A vertical conduit through the Earth's crust below a volcano & through Which magma has passed.






15. A vent on the seafloor from which hydrothermal fluids are emitted. Upon mixing with seawater and cooling & the fluids precipitate a cloud of fine-grained sulfide minerals that resembles a cloud of black smoke.






16. A hydrocarbon (coal or petroleum) that can be extracted from the Earth for use as a fuel. Fossil fuels are non-renewable energy sources.






17. An eruption of lava that takes place from a fracture & usually without producing a cone.






18. A device containing a free-swinging magnetic needle that is attracted to Earth's magnetic North Pole. Used to determine direction of travel.






19. A region of high heat flow on the Earth's surface & thought to lie above a mantle plume .






20. Deep steep-sided depression in the ocean floor caused by the subduction of oceanic crust beneath either other oceanic crust or continental crust.






21. A small ice sheet.






22. All unconsolidated materials above bedrock. Natural earthy materials on the Earth's surface & in places modified or even made by human activity & containing living matter & and supporting or capable of supporting plants out of doors.






23. The study of earthquakes & and of the structure of the Earth by both natural and artificially generated seismic waves.






24. A narrow strip of land along the margin of the ocean extending inland for a variable distance from low water mark.






25. The great circle on the Earth's surface passing through The North and South Poles & which is considered 0 degrees longitude. The prime meridian passes through Greenwich & England & and is used as a reference point for measuring longitude east and w






26. A mudflow composed chiefly of pyroclastic material on the flanks of a volcano.






27. A sedimentary rock composed primarily of biogenic sediments.






28. A roughly circular reef with an occasional small & low & coral sand island surrounding a shallow lagoon.






29. The primary division of geologic time which are & from oldest to youngest & the Hadean & Archean & Proterozoic & and Phanerozoic eons.






30. A collection of maps.






31. The closest galaxy to the Milky way. It is approximately 2 million light-years away.






32. 1. A low & bowl-shaped area of land surrounded by higher lands. 2. any large depression in which sediments are deposited.






33. A famous scientist who proposed that the Sun was the center of the solar system not the Earth. (Heliocentrism)






34. The relationship between distances in the area being mapped and distances in the map itself.






35. Named after the Roman god of the sea. It is the eighth planet from the Sun.






36. (Greek-Aphrodite)named after the Roman goddess of love. It is the planet closest in size to Earth and the second planted from the Sun.






37. An individual grain or constituent of a rock.






38. A sea wave produced by any large-scale & short duration disturbance on the seafloor & commonly a shallow submarine earthquake but possibly also a submarine slide or volcanic eruption.






39. 1. Breach in a natural levee . 2. Deep crevice or open fracture in glacier ice.






40. A period of dryness & that when prolonged & causes damage to crops; a shortage of water.






41. Enormous & thick sheets of rock that are part of the Earth's upper mantle that move and adjoin each other along zones of seismic activity. Many tectonic plates extend underneath both continents and sea floor.






42. Gases (primarily water and carbon dioxide & but also a variety of sulfur and nitrogen compounds and gaseous hydrocarbons) that trap the Sun's heat in the atmosphere.






43. The very slow & generally continuous downslope movement of soil and debris under the influence of gravity.






44. Turbulent stream water flow down a steep gradient & but not as steep as in a waterfall.






45. An astronomical instrument for measuring angles & primarily altitude of celestial bodies to determine latitude.






46. The effect of water and carbon dioxide absorbing outgoing infrared radiation & raising a system's temperature. The term is generally used with reference to the Earth's temperature & although it can also be applied to other systems & such as greenhous






47. A river that is able to maintain its flow through a desert because of water received from outside the desert.






48. Soil conditions prevailing in area whose mean annual temperature is 0o C.






49. A low & nearly flat accumulation of sediment deposited at the mouth of a river or stream & commonly triangular or fan-shaped.






50. The layer of gases (air) & that surrounds a planet or moon.