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Earth Science

Subject : science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An instrument that merely indicates the occurrence of an earthquake.






2. An imaginary circle around the earth that represents the halfway mark between the North and South Poles and establishes the boundary between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.






3. A large area with common features that set it apart from other areas.






4. The relationship between distances in the area being mapped and distances in the map itself.






5. Heat transport by direct transfer of energy from one particle to another & without moving the particle to a new location.






6. A depression in the ground formed by the melting of a block of glacier ice buried or partially buried by drift.






7. The height of a place above sea level.






8. A detailed mathematical description of the cause-and-effect relationships between events that can be used to predict or explain other such events.






9. Reduction of pore space between individual particles as the result of overlying sediments or of tectonic movements.






10. The theory of Plate Tectonics states that the Earth's crust is fragmented into a dozen or more large and small pieces floating on a semi-molten mantle.






11. A hydrocarbon (coal or petroleum) that can be extracted from the Earth for use as a fuel. Fossil fuels are non-renewable energy sources.






12. A thickened elevated region of Earth's crust that is mainly (but not entirely) above sea level.






13. An accumulation of wind driven sand into a distinctive shape.






14. A fracture or zone of fractures along the boundaries of tectonic plates where movement has taken place.






15. An abandoned meander .






16. The dust-sized & sharp-edged & glassy particles resulting from an explosive volcanic eruption.






17. A molecule composed of three atoms of oxygen and mostly found in the stratosphere. Though beneficial in the upper atmosphere & at ground level & ozone is called photochemical smog & and is a respiratory irritant and considered a pollutant.






18. Open pit mining & typically for coal.






19. The precipitation that runs directly off the surface to stream or body of standing water.






20. Applies to igneous rocks that cool on the surface of the Earth & including beneath water; typically with small crystals due to the rapidity of cooling. Synonym of extrusive. Antonym of plutonic.






21. The precipitation that runs directly off the surface to stream or body of standing water.






22. Fossils formed when water containing minerals leaks into a mold. The minerals harden to form a copy of the original structure or organism.






23. Distance over which wave-forming winds blow.






24. A vent in the surface of the Earth & from which lava & ash & and gases erupt.






25. Any of various minerals prized for beauty & durability & and rarity. A few noncrystalline materials of organic origin (e.g. & pearl & red coral & and amber) also are classified as gemstones.






26. Objects revolving around the sun that are too small and too numerous to be considered planets.






27. An atmospheric shield providing the Earth with protection from ultra-violet rays which can cause sun burn & skin cancer and the destruction of the delicate plant life which supports the planet's food chain.






28. The point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake.






29. Molten rock & containing dissolved gases and suspended solid particles. At the Earth's surface & magma is known as lava.






30. A vent in the surface of the Earth & from which lava & ash & and gases erupt.






31. A plate boundary in which plates on opposite sides of the boundary move past each other in opposite directions. The San Andreas fault of California is a good example.






32. The tendency of a moving object to continue in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place.






33. A statement of relative age in layered rocks: In a series of sedimentary rocks that has not been overturned & the topmost layer is always the youngest and the bottommost layer is always the oldest.






34. An imaginary circle around the earth that represents the halfway mark between the North and South Poles and establishes the boundary between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.






35. 1. Breach in a natural levee . 2. Deep crevice or open fracture in glacier ice.






36. The layer of gases (air) & that surrounds a planet or moon.






37. A type of disintegration in which jointed rock is forced apart by the expansion of water as it freezes in fractures.






38. Heat transport by moving particles & and the thermal energy that they carry & to a new location.






39. The Earth's crust underlying the ocean basins which is formed at mid-oceanic ridges. It is typically 5 to 10 kilometers thick composed of basalt.






40. A supercontinent that existed from the the end of the Permian to the Jurassic & 300 to 200 million years ago & assembled from large continents like Euramerica & Gondwana & and Siberia & as well as smaller landmasses like the Cathaysian and Cimmerian






41. A volcano that is composed of alternating layers of lava and pyroclastic material & along with abundant dikes and sills. Viscous & intermediate lava may flow from a central vent. Example: Mt. Fuji in Japan.






42. A large area with common features that set it apart from other areas.






43. A device built to study distant objects by making them appear closer.






44. A steep or vertical cliff & either above or below sea level.






45. The first scientist to make systematic use of the telescope in looking at the heavens.






46. A process by which salts accumulate in soil.






47. Till deposited from main body of glacier during ablation.






48. A rock changed from its original form and/or composition by heat & pressure &shearing stress & or chemically active fluids & or some combination of them.






49. A hot & gaseous & self-luminous celestial body & as the Sun.






50. The southern portion of the late Paleozoic supercontinent known as Pangea. It means & literally 'Land of the Gonds' (a people of the Indian subcontinent).The supercontinent existed from Cambrian to Jurassic time & mainly composed of South America &







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