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Test your basic knowledge |
Earth Science
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The tendency of a moving object to continue in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place.
absolute time
casts
inertia
arid
2. The line that separates one drainage basin from another.
stalactite
bar
drainage divide
frost wedging
3. An informal term to include all geologic time from the beginning of the Earth to the beginning of the Cambrian period 570 million years ago.
Precambrian
floodplain
zone of aeration
habitat
4. That part of the continental margin that lies between the continental shelf and the continental rise. Slope relatively steep & 3o - 6o. The continental slope is underlain by crustal rocks of the continent.
continental slope
crust
hydrologic cycle
pH
5. 1. A low & bowl-shaped area of land surrounded by higher lands. 2. any large depression in which sediments are deposited.
zone of leaching
urban
basin
swells
6. A volcano in the shape of a flattened cone & broad and low & built by very fluid flows of basaltic lava.
anemometer
shield volcano
neptune
Uniformitarianism
7. Formed when an organism is flattened (compressed) and a thin film of organic material from its body is left in the rock.
volcanic ash
Greenhouse Effect
compression fossil
stalagmite
8. The effect of water and carbon dioxide absorbing outgoing infrared radiation & raising a system's temperature. The term is generally used with reference to the Earth's temperature & although it can also be applied to other systems & such as greenhous
Laurasia
Greenhouse Effect
shield volcano
ice sheet
9. Plutonic. Antonym of extrusive. Pertaining to igneous rocks or features formed by the emplacement of magma in pre-existing rocks.
constellation
levees
resources
intrusive
10. A waste material that contaminates air & water & or soil.
pollutant
deflation
cartographer
rapids
11. The internal resistance to flow in a liquid.
aa
tidal inlet
open pit mining
viscosity
12. The remains of an extremely massive star pulled into a small volume by the force of gravity.
continental crust
continental divide
escarpment
black hole
13. The point on the Earth's surface that is directly above the focus of an earthquake.
epicenter
oceanic trench
eustatic change in sea level
island arc
14. The process by which ocean floors spread laterally from crests of main ocean ridges. As material moves laterally from the ridge & new material replaces it along the ridge crest by welling upward from the mantle.
Precambrian
till (unstratified drift)
floodplain
seafloor spreading
15. A building that contains one or more telescopes.
observator
thrust fault
Hale-Bopp
crystal
16. A group of islands; an expanse of water with scattered islands.
delta
flood
archipelago
urban
17. Of or relating to or containing basalt & a dark & dense & extrusive rock that has a silica content of 40% to 50% and makes up most of the ocean floor.
basaltic
swash and back wash
chlorophyll
Jupiter
18. The surface between the zone of saturation and the zone of aeration.
hardpan
ground water
erratic
water table
19. Geologic time expressed in years before the present.
orogeny
absolute time
Milky Way
erosion
20. The naturally occurring material from which a mineral or minerals of economic value can be extracted at a profit.
Paleozoic
hardness
fetch
ore
21. The seaward edge of coast between low tide and effective wave action.
spring
surf
nuee ardente
shore
22. A glaciated valley now flooded by the sea.
hydrologic cycle
pollutant
lahar
fjord
23. Any porous and permeable rock that yields oil or natural gas.
gemstone
wave trough
reservoir rock
bar
24. Lava extruded beneath water characterized by pillow shapes.
Pillow Lava
aquatic
Galileo
humid
25. A seismic body wave that involves particle motion from side to side & perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation. S-waves are slower than P-waves and cannot travel through a liquid.
greenhouse gases
rapids
stratification
s- wave (secondary wave & shear wave)
26. A statement of relative age in layered rocks: In a series of sedimentary rocks that has not been overturned & the topmost layer is always the youngest and the bottommost layer is always the oldest.
till (unstratified drift)
continental slope
superposition
mantle
27. The explosion of a dying giant or supergiant star.
abyssal plain
smelting
nova -- (Supernova)
jetty
28. A measure of the strength of an earthquake based on the amount of movement recorded by a seismograph . compare Richter scale.
rock
Galileo
strip mining
magnitude
29. A supercontinent that existed from the Jurassic to Early Tertiary after splitting from Pangea; composed of Laurentia & Baltica & Avalonia & (modern North America & Scandinavia & Greenland & Western and Central Europe); eventually fragmented into Eur
Laurasia
Saturn
beach
sextant
30. The point on the Earth's surface where a magnetic needle points vertically downward (north magnetic pole) or vertically upward (south magnetic pole).
abundant metal
magnetic pole
quarrying
conserve
31. A supercontinent that existed from the Jurassic to Early Tertiary after splitting from Pangea; composed of Laurentia & Baltica & Avalonia & (modern North America & Scandinavia & Greenland & Western and Central Europe); eventually fragmented into Eur
baseline study
Laurasia
secchi disk
ozone
32. A rock that has crystallized from a molten state.
igneous rock
continental slope
fold
fissure eruption
33. An area of land that delivers runoff water & sediment & and dissolved substances to surface water bodies & such as rivers or lakes. All watersheds consist of boundaries & a basin and collection areas.
fold and thrust mountains
ozone
watershed
drift
34. Water that flows across watersheds during and immediately after severe rainstorms. In populated areas & stormwater runoff is often water that cannot be handled by existing sewer systems. Stormwater runoff is the leading source of water pollution in t
s- wave (secondary wave & shear wave)
stormwater runoff
Hale-Bopp
disintegration (mechanical weathering)
35. A rock changed from its original form and/or composition by heat & pressure &shearing stress & or chemically active fluids & or some combination of them.
metamorphic rock
meteoroid
specific gravity
streak
36. The zone below the zone of aeration in which all pore spaces are filled with water.
zone of saturation
continental slope
abyssal plain
ozone depletion
37. A process of erosion in which wind carries off particles of dust and sand.
estuary
deflation
ground moraine
neptune
38. The seaward edge of coast between low tide and effective wave action.
solar system
shore
secchi disk
water table
39. The height of a place above sea level.
volcanic ash
elevation
acid rain
seismic sea wave (tsunami)
40. An eruption of lava that takes place from a fracture & usually without producing a cone.
cone of depression
fissure eruption
Gondwana
compass
41. A type of thermal spring which ejects water intermittently with considerable force.
geyser
El Nino
meteoroid
creep
42. The top of a wave.
Mercury
groin
absolute time
wave crest
43. A natural depression in the surface of the land caused by the collapse of the roof of a cavern or subterranean passage & generally occurring in limestone regions.
seismoscope
sinkhole
metamorphic rock
outer core
44. A process of land degradation initiated by human activity & particularly in the zones along the margins of deserts.
Global Positioning System (GPS)
seismograph
desertification
tectonic Plates
45. The area bordering a stream over which water spreads when the stream tops its channel banks.
floodplain
oceanic crust
shore
nova -- (Supernova)
46. A collection of maps.
pyroclastic
atlas
hydrologic cycle
silicate
47. Objects revolving around the sun that are too small and too numerous to be considered planets.
column
anemometer
striations
asteroid
48. The production of living matter by organisms that make food using sunlight or chemicals. Usually expressed as grams of carbon per square meter per year.
primary productivity
acid
Precambrian
axis
49. The resistance of a mineral to scratching & as measured by the Mohs scale.
seismoscope
lava lake
epicenter
hardness
50. The processes of weathering by which physical actions such as frost wedging break down a rock into fragments & involving no chemical change.
neptune
volcanic ash
rapids
disintegration (mechanical weathering)