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Earth Science

Subject : science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The process of removing metal from ore.






2. The production of living matter by organisms that make food using sunlight or chemicals. Usually expressed as grams of carbon per square meter per year.






3. A large area of flat or nearly flat land.






4. A narrow & steep-walled depression in the ocean floor & much deeper than the adjacent ocean and associated with a subduction zone.






5. Similar to a groin but built to keep sand out of a harbor entrance.






6. A river that is able to maintain its flow through a desert because of water received from outside the desert.






7. Glacial drift composed of rock fragments that range from clay to boulder size and randomly arranged without bedding.






8. Water that flows across watersheds during and immediately after severe rainstorms. In populated areas & stormwater runoff is often water that cannot be handled by existing sewer systems. Stormwater runoff is the leading source of water pollution in t






9. A minor tremor that precedes an earthquake. An increase in seismicity may signal that a major release of strain energy is about to occur.






10. A delta formed at both sides of a tidal inlet.






11. The attractive force between two objects; its magnitude depends on their masses and the distance between them.






12. A cyclical pattern of movement in a fluid body such as the ocean & the atmosphere & or the Earth's mantle & driven by density variations which in turn are the result of differences in temperature from one part of the fluid to another.






13. The line that separates one drainage basin from another.






14. That portion of the Earth below the crust and reaching to about 2 &780 km & where a transition zone of about 100 km thickness separates it from the core.






15. A downward distortion or dimple in the water table that forms as a well pumps water faster than it can flow through the aquifer.






16. The process by which ocean floors spread laterally from crests of main ocean ridges. As material moves laterally from the ridge & new material replaces it along the ridge crest by welling upward from the mantle.






17. The process of removing metal from ore.






18. A blanket of wind-driven sand with an upper surface about a meter above ground level.






19. Turbulent stream water flow down a steep gradient & but not as steep as in a waterfall.






20. Distance over which wave-forming winds blow.






21. The relationship between distances in the area being mapped and distances in the map itself.






22. Molten rock & containing dissolved gases and suspended solid particles. At the Earth's surface & magma is known as lava.






23. The rock beneath the soil.






24. An abandoned meander .






25. The process by which building stone & usually in blocks or sheets & is extracted from the Earth. radiation -- (Electromagnetic radiation) -- energy that travels through space in the form of waves without the intervention of matter & as in the transp






26. A curved belt of volcanic islands lying above a subduction zone.






27. A rigid segment of the Earth's lithosphere that moves horizontally and adjoins other plates along zones of seismic activity. Plates may include portions of both continents and ocean basins.






28. The areas of & in & or constituting a city.






29. Gases that can be dissociated by solar radiation & which releases chlorine & which in turn destroys ozone.

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30. No identifiable layers of minerals in a rock sample






31. A sedimentary rock made up of chemical sediments. Example: rock salt.






32. Lacking in rainfall & very dry.






33. 1. A low & bowl-shaped area of land surrounded by higher lands. 2. any large depression in which sediments are deposited.






34. Deep steep-sided depression in the ocean floor caused by the subduction of oceanic crust beneath either other oceanic crust or continental crust.






35. An icicle-shaped accumulation of dripstone hanging from cave roof.






36. A study designed to collect critical data to be used for comparison or as a control in a later study.






37. A type of thermal spring which ejects water intermittently with considerable force.






38. A measure of the strength of an earthquake based on the amount of movement recorded by a seismograph . compare Richter scale.






39. A rock changed from its original form and/or composition by heat & pressure &shearing stress & or chemically active fluids & or some combination of them.






40. Long narrow beaches separated in many places from the mainland by lagoons.






41. The speed at which water flows.






42. The surface between the zone of saturation and the zone of aeration.






43. A coral reef separated from the mainland by a lagoon.






44. The rise and fall of sea level caused by the gravitational pull of the Sun and Moon on the Earth.






45. A volcano that is composed of alternating layers of lava and pyroclastic material & along with abundant dikes and sills. Viscous & intermediate lava may flow from a central vent. Example: Mt. Fuji in Japan.






46. To wash or scrub away.






47. The point on the Earth's surface where a magnetic needle points vertically downward (north magnetic pole) or vertically upward (south magnetic pole).






48. A region of high heat flow on the Earth's surface & thought to lie above a mantle plume .






49. An atmospheric shield providing the Earth with protection from ultra-violet rays which can cause sun burn & skin cancer and the destruction of the delicate plant life which supports the planet's food chain.






50. The top of a wave.