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Test your basic knowledge |
Earth Science
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A lake of lava & usually basaltic & in a volcanic caldera.
neptune
dust bowl
lava lake
stratification
2. A spring whose temperature is 6.5o C or more above mean annual air temperature.
geothermal energy
floodplain
aftershock
thermal spring
3. A sedimentary rock composed of combustible matter derived from the partial decomposition of plant material.
sextant
tide
oal
basalt
4. The oldest eon in Earth history & extending from the origin of the Earth to about 3.9 billion years ago.
zone of saturation
Hadean
wave trough
universe
5. An eruption of lava that takes place from a fracture & usually without producing a cone.
lithification
loess
stratification
fissure eruption
6. A blanket of wind-driven sand with an upper surface about a meter above ground level.
eclipse
subduction zone
sandstorm
luster
7. A measure of acidity.
Mesozoic
period
zone of aeration
pH
8. The color of a mineral in its powdered form obtained from scraping a sample on a ceramic plate
loess
foreshock
streak
flash flood
9. The speed at which water flows.
terrestrial
oal
water table
current speed
10. A large amount of gas and dust in space & spread out in an immense volume.
nebula
fringing reef
swash and back wash
orogeny
11. A cyclical pattern of movement in a fluid body such as the ocean & the atmosphere & or the Earth's mantle & driven by density variations which in turn are the result of differences in temperature from one part of the fluid to another.
convection cell
hydrologic cycle
ice sheet
beach
12. A hot & gaseous & self-luminous celestial body & as the Sun.
star
streak
dust bowl
drought
13. A narrow & elongate region in which one lithospheric plate descends relative to another.
scour
cinder cone
subduction zone
sinkhole
14. A segment of an active fault zone that has not experienced a major earthquake during a time period when most other segments of the zone have. They are generally regarded as having a higher potential for future earthquakes.
seismic gap
back swamp
reservoir rock
pothole
15. A minor tremor that precedes an earthquake. An increase in seismicity may signal that a major release of strain energy is about to occur.
landforms
fluctuate
foreshock
fault
16. 1. Breach in a natural levee . 2. Deep crevice or open fracture in glacier ice.
watershed
convergent boundary
crevasse
equator
17. Pertaining to clastic material formed by volcanic explosion or aerial expulsion from a volcanic vent.
chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's)
pyroclastic
silicate
biogenic sediment
18. A zone in the Earth between 400 and 670 km below the surface separating the upper mantle from the lower mantle.
Uranus
atoll
mesosphere
stratification
19. Named after the Roman god of the sea. It is the eighth planet from the Sun.
neptune
groove
rainforest
tidal delta
20. The acidity in rain due to gases from internal combustion engines and coal- and oil-burning power plants.
acid rain
Gondwana
swash and back wash
solar system
21. A general term including both oil and natural gas.
column
isostasy
constellation
petroleum
22. Deep steep-sided depression in the ocean floor caused by the subduction of oceanic crust beneath either other oceanic crust or continental crust.
oceanic trench
eon
star
solar system
23. A conical volcano formed by the accumulation of pyroclastic debris around a vent.
cinder cone
fringing reef
sedimentary rock
Galileo
24. That portion of the Earth below the crust and reaching to about 2 &780 km & where a transition zone of about 100 km thickness separates it from the core.
mantle
sedimentary rock
archaean
atlas
25. A mudflow composed chiefly of pyroclastic material on the flanks of a volcano.
granitic
chlorophyll
mineral
lahar
26. Either the northern or southern half of the Earth as divided by the equator & or the eastern or western half as divided by a meridian.
anemometer
geyser
Richter scale
hemisphere
27. The point on the Earth's surface that is directly above the focus of an earthquake.
resources
epicenter
isthmus
subduction zone
28. The point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake.
constellation
equinox
stalagmite
epicenter
29. Gases (primarily water and carbon dioxide & but also a variety of sulfur and nitrogen compounds and gaseous hydrocarbons) that trap the Sun's heat in the atmosphere.
Milky Way
greenhouse gases
Pluto
wave trough
30. The uprush of a wave onto the beach followed by the return flow of the water down the beach slope in the intervals between waves.
deflation
hardpan
swash and back wash
nutrient
31. The geologic eon lying between the Archean and Phanerozoic eons & beginning about 2.5 billion years ago and ending about 0.57 billion years ago.
Proterozoic
oxbow lake
prairie
ablation
32. The persistence of wind-formed waves after wind ceases.
swells
rift (graben)
intensity
wave length
33. Applies to igneous rocks that cool on the surface of the Earth & including beneath water; typically with small crystals due to the rapidity of cooling. Synonym of extrusive. Antonym of plutonic.
compass Rose
wave height
volcanic
magnetic equator
34. A period of dryness & that when prolonged & causes damage to crops; a shortage of water.
drought
axis
precipitation
Pelean eruption
35. A detailed mathematical description of the cause-and-effect relationships between events that can be used to predict or explain other such events.
weathering
scientific model
seismograph
Mars
36. The primary division of geologic time which are & from oldest to youngest & the Hadean & Archean & Proterozoic & and Phanerozoic eons.
eon
salinization
Phanerozoic
eclipse
37. The vertical distance between the crest and adjacent trough of a wave.
galaxy
subduction zone
shield volcano
wave height
38. A sharp bend & loop or turn in a stream's course. When abandoned & it is called a meander scar or an oxbow.
shoreline
terrestrial
continental divide
meander
39. The vertical distance between the crest and adjacent trough of a wave.
Hale-Bopp
p- wave (primary wave & compressional wave)
wave height
sedimentary rock
40. A narrow & elongate region in which one lithospheric plate descends relative to another.
subduction zone
breakwater
Paleozoic
peat
41. Geologic time expressed in years before the present.
absolute time
fringing reef
Pangea
nova -- (Supernova)
42. A wall built out from the shore & usually at perpendicular to it to trap sand carried by longshore currents .
Hadean
landforms
seismology
groin
43. Soil conditions prevailing in area whose mean annual temperature is 0o C.
ore
stalagmite
Laurasia
permafrost
44. The direction & north (normal) or south (reversed) & that a magnetic compass needle points.
magnetic polarity
superposition
satellite
cone of depression
45. A floating ice sheet extending across water from a land-based glacier.
basin
zone of saturation
ice shelf
drainage basin
46. A worldwide change in sea level & such as caused by melting glaciers.
eustatic change in sea level
caldera
sextant
plain
47. Scratches & or small channels & gouged by glacier action. Occur on boulders & pebbles & and bedrock. Striations along bedrock indicate direction of ice movement.
deflation
striations
Earth
flash flood
48. A segment of an active fault zone that has not experienced a major earthquake during a time period when most other segments of the zone have. They are generally regarded as having a higher potential for future earthquakes.
seismic gap
dust devil
El Nino
elevation
49. To preserve & or to avoid wasteful use.
drought
conserve
biogenic sedimentary rock
Modified Mercalli Scale
50. The surface between the zone of saturation and the zone of aeration.
black hole
water table
fringing reef
wave length