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Test your basic knowledge |
Earth Science
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Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Mountains & characterized by extensive folding and thrust faulting & that form at convergent plate boundaries on continents.
fold and thrust mountains
dust storm
rain shadow deserts
eclipse
2. The process of removing metal from ore.
streak
smelting
groin
cementation
3. A large ridge or mound-like structure within a body of water that is built by calcareous organisms such as corals & red algae & and bivalves.
reserves
cleavage
atmosphere
reef
4. The distance between two successive wave crests or troughs.
light-year
wave length
exotic river
wave trough
5. A valley caused by extension of the Earth's crust. Its floor forms as a portion of the crust moves downward along normal faults.
magma
rift (graben)
seismic gap
open pit mining
6. Property possessed by certain rocks of breaking with relative ease along parallel planes or nearly parallel surfaces in their crystal structures where the bonds are weakest.
granitic
cleavage
plate boundaries
convection
7. The line that separates one drainage basin from another.
crust
dust storm
drainage divide
reef
8. The Sun with all the celestial bodies that revolve around it.
fossil fuel
sextant
Venus
solar system
9. A system involving continuous interaction of the solid Earth & the atmosphere & the oceans and living things.
magnetic pole
discharge
Earth system
precipitation
10. An eruption of lava that takes place from a fracture & usually without producing a cone.
fissure eruption
glaciation
transcontinental
light-year
11. An eon of geologic time extending from about 3.9 billion years to 2.5 billion years ago.
archaean
cave
landforms
ground water
12. Heat transport by direct transfer of energy from one particle to another & without moving the particle to a new location.
equator
conduction
stratum
geologic time scale
13. The area immediately below the ground surface within which pore spaces are partially filled with water and partially filled with air.
zone of aeration
beach
basin
tectonic Plates
14. The galaxy where Earth is located.
solar system
meander
Milky Way
seastack
15. A chuck of rock or dust in space.
meteoroid
magnetic pole
plain
hardpan
16. The green pigment in the cells of many plants that enables them to use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates in the process called photosynthesis.
cone of depression
chlorophyll
kettle
wave height
17. An isolated & steep-sided & rocky mass or island just offshore from a rocky headland & usually on a shore platform.
convection
legend
calving
seastack
18. The two days of the year on which the noon sun is directly overhead at either 23.5
Andromeda
Precambrian
rift (graben)
solstice
19. The top of a wave.
wave crest
epicenter
water table
Pillow Lava
20. A sedimentary rock composed of combustible matter derived from the partial decomposition of plant material.
oal
dust bowl
stratification
pH
21. An area of land that delivers runoff water & sediment & and dissolved substances to surface water bodies & such as rivers or lakes. All watersheds consist of boundaries & a basin and collection areas.
watershed
lava lake
intrusive
clast
22. A soft compact calcite & CaCO3 & with varying amounts of silica & quartz & feldspar & or other mineral impurities & generally gray-white or yellow-white and derived chiefly from fossil seashells.
pothole
chalk
atlas
oceanic trench
23. Pluto is named after the Roman god of the Underworld. No longer considered a planet.
creep
Pluto
plate
estuary
24. Applies to igneous rocks that cool on the surface of the Earth & including beneath water; typically with small crystals due to the rapidity of cooling. Synonym of extrusive. Antonym of plutonic.
runoff
escarpment
Pelean eruption
volcanic
25. The breaking away of ice from the front of the glacier when it ends in a lake or an ocean. Produces icebergs.
Saturn
calving
jetty
longitude
26. To change back and forth uncertainly.
conserve
pollutant
fluctuate
epicenter
27. He area from which a stream and its tributaries receives its water.
Greenhouse Effect
fossil fuel
discharge
drainage basin
28. He area from which a stream and its tributaries receives its water.
geologic column
fjord
elevation
drainage basin
29. A segment of an active fault zone that has not experienced a major earthquake during a time period when most other segments of the zone have. They are generally regarded as having a higher potential for future earthquakes.
seismic gap
fluctuate
stalactite
exotic river
30. A volcano that is composed of alternating layers of lava and pyroclastic material & along with abundant dikes and sills. Viscous & intermediate lava may flow from a central vent. Example: Mt. Fuji in Japan.
primary productivity
stratovolcano (composite volcano)
zone of aeration
crystal
31. The very small particles of dirt & soot & and other pollutants that are present in the air.
marine Chronometer
dust bowl
Milky Way
particulate air pollution
32. A large & basin-shaped volcanic depression & more or less circular in form. Typically steep-sided & found at the summit of a shield volcano.
seismology
snow line
storm surge
caldera
33. The uprush of a wave onto the beach followed by the return flow of the water down the beach slope in the intervals between waves.
intertidal zone
secchi disk
star
swash and back wash
34. Deep steep-sided depression in the ocean floor caused by the subduction of oceanic crust beneath either other oceanic crust or continental crust.
oceanic trench
rock
legend
p- wave (primary wave & compressional wave)
35. The great circle on the Earth's surface passing through The North and South Poles & which is considered 0 degrees longitude. The prime meridian passes through Greenwich & England & and is used as a reference point for measuring longitude east and w
hemisphere
rockfall
Prime Meridian
atmosphere
36. The Earth's crust underlying the ocean basins which is formed at mid-oceanic ridges. It is typically 5 to 10 kilometers thick composed of basalt.
marine Chronometer
oceanic crust
island arc
sand dune
37. An instrument that detects & magnifies & and records vibrations of the Earth & especially earthquakes.
seismograph
crater
seismic gap
rift (graben)
38. The straightening and/or deepening of a river channel.
channelization
fissure eruption
Pangea
jetty
39. Iron & aluminum & magnesium & manganese & and titanium. Ores of the abundant metals only need to be 3 - 5 times as metal-rich as average rock.
abundant metal
Global Positioning System (GPS)
watershed
chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's)
40. Produced as a wave steepens and falls forward as the wave nears the shore.
reserves
swash and back wash
cementation
surf
41. Similar to a groin but built to keep sand out of a harbor entrance.
jetty
striations
Pillow Lava
nebula
42. A floating ice sheet extending across water from a land-based glacier.
ice shelf
ablation
Phanerozoic
outcrop
43. The perpendicular or very steep descent of a stream.
fossil
waterfall
hemisphere
foreshock
44. A person who makes maps.
urban
subtropical deserts
cartographer
vesicle
45. Where two plates are moving in opposite directions as in a mid-ocean ridge.
divergent boundary
continental rise
Earth system
eustatic change in sea level
46. A small & dust-bearing whirlwind.
barrier beaches
atoll
Milky Way
dust devil
47. A term applied to large areas of basaltic lava presumably extruded from fissures.
universe
seismic sea wave (tsunami)
lava flood (plateau basalt)
geologic time scale
48. A general term for a relatively hard layer of soil at or just below the ground surface & cemented by silica & iron oxide & calcium carbonate & or organic matter.
loess
hardpan
magnitude
biogenic sediment
49. A device containing a free-swinging magnetic needle that is attracted to Earth's magnetic North Pole. Used to determine direction of travel.
compass
water table
abyssal plain
Pelean eruption
50. The most recent eon of geologic time beginning 570 million years ago and continuing to the present.
continental slope
asteroid
Phanerozoic
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