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Test your basic knowledge |
Earth Science
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Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An instrument that merely indicates the occurrence of an earthquake.
desertification
seismoscope
magma
wave height
2. The point on the Earth's surface where a magnetic needle points vertically downward (north magnetic pole) or vertically upward (south magnetic pole).
stormwater runoff
magnetic pole
mantle
sod
3. The sum of the processes that result in the wearing away or the progressive lowering of the Earth's surface by weathering & erosion & mass wasting & and transportation.
fold and thrust mountains
Continntal Drift Theory
denudation
epicenter
4. A waterway from open ocean into a lagoon.
tidal inlet
asteroid
hot spot
fissure eruption
5. A landscape that develops from the action of ground water in areas of easily soluble rocks. It is usually characterized by caves & underground drainage and sinkholes.
secchi disk
rockfall
karst
Copernicus & Nicholas
6. A building that contains one or more telescopes.
convection
Pelean eruption
observator
isostasy
7. The environment where a particular plant or animal is normally found.
habitat
crater
greenhouse gases
metamorphic rock
8. Open pit mining & typically for coal.
strip mining
intertidal zone
volcanic
mineral deposit
9. The low spot between two successive waves.
column
wave trough
watershed
ground moraine
10. A seismic body wave that involves particle motion from side to side & perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation. S-waves are slower than P-waves and cannot travel through a liquid.
s- wave (secondary wave & shear wave)
island arc
hemisphere
chemical sediment
11. The pattern of water circulation from the ocean to the atmosphere to the land and back to the ocean.
chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's)
hydrologic cycle
inertia
specific gravity
12. A slide involving a downward and usually sudden movement of newly detached segments of bedrock sliding or slipping over an inclined surface of weakness such as a bedding plane & fault plane & or joint surface.
rockslide (rock avalanche)
geothermal energy
pyroclastic
particulate air pollution
13. A type of volcanic eruption characterized by nuees ardentes and the development of lava domes.
cementation
Pelean eruption
cave
global warming
14. The vertical distance between the crest and adjacent trough of a wave.
archipelago
wave height
eclipse
atoll
15. A flood that rises and falls very rapidly.
disintegration (mechanical weathering)
flash flood
pipe
reservoir rock
16. A volcano in the shape of a flattened cone & broad and low & built by very fluid flows of basaltic lava.
black hole
shield volcano
channelization
aftershock
17. The breaking away of ice from the front of the glacier when it ends in a lake or an ocean. Produces icebergs.
eon
zone of leaching
calving
groove
18. The green pigment in the cells of many plants that enables them to use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates in the process called photosynthesis.
chlorophyll
Sun
subtropical deserts
ozone depletion
19. Lies half way between the north and south magnetic poles.
magnetic equator
rift (graben)
precipitation
runoff
20. A lake of lava & usually basaltic & in a volcanic caldera.
prairie
lava lake
tide
dust devil
21. A delta formed at both sides of a tidal inlet.
tidal delta
barrier reef
wave length
inertia
22. A collection of maps.
Continntal Drift Theory
calving
rock
atlas
23. The process by which ocean floors spread laterally from crests of main ocean ridges. As material moves laterally from the ridge & new material replaces it along the ridge crest by welling upward from the mantle.
sand dune
seafloor spreading
continental slope
seismic sea wave (tsunami)
24. Mars is named after the Roman god of war. It is the fourth planet from the Sun.
reserves
groundtruthing
discharge
Mars
25. The initial point within the Earth that ruptures in an earthquake & directly below the epicenter. The point within the Earth which is the center of an earthquake & at which strain energy is first released and converted to elastic wave energy.
telescope
focus
black hole
magnetic pole
26. The primary division of geologic time which are & from oldest to youngest & the Hadean & Archean & Proterozoic & and Phanerozoic eons.
eon
Proxima Centauri
exotic river
era
27. Lacking in rainfall & very dry.
acid rain
wave crest
equator
arid
28. A device containing a free-swinging magnetic needle that is attracted to Earth's magnetic North Pole. Used to determine direction of travel.
seismic gap
outer core
compass
fringing reef
29. A stone or boulder & glacially transported from place of origin and left in an area of different bedrock composition.
crystal
erratic
nova -- (Supernova)
lava dome
30. The oldest eon in Earth history & extending from the origin of the Earth to about 3.9 billion years ago.
barrier reef
atmosphere
Hadean
fossil
31. One of several rock-forming minerals that contain at least 95% silica (quartz). and usually one or more other common elements.
silicate
permafrost
seismoscope
casts
32. An earthquake that follows and has its epicenter near a larger earthquake.
aftershock
inertia
eclipse
streak
33. The great circle on the Earth's surface passing through The North and South Poles & which is considered 0 degrees longitude. The prime meridian passes through Greenwich & England & and is used as a reference point for measuring longitude east and w
sinkhole
Prime Meridian
drought
terrestrial
34. A naturally occurring inorganic solid that has a well-defined chemical composition and in which atoms are arranged in an ordered fashion.
mineral
tide
chemical sediment
Hadean
35. An isolated & steep-sided & rocky mass or island just offshore from a rocky headland & usually on a shore platform.
swells
Sun
seastack
eclipse
36. A broad & mound-like mass of glacier ice that usually spreads radially outward from a central zone.
Pluto
ice sheet
wave length
Earth system
37. A disease-causing organism or entity & such as a bacterium or virus.
pathogen
thrust fault
escarpment
constellation
38. A large area of flat or nearly flat land.
oal
magma
fringing reef
plain
39. The processes (mechanical and chemical) responsible for the wearing away & loosening & and dissolving of materials of the Earth's crust.
pathogen
dust storm
fissure eruption
erosion
40. The surface between the zone of saturation and the zone of aeration.
water table
granitic
longitude
beach
41. A river that is able to maintain its flow through a desert because of water received from outside the desert.
equator
compass Rose
exotic river
Cenozoic
42. A stone or boulder & glacially transported from place of origin and left in an area of different bedrock composition.
asteroid
continental crust
seafloor spreading
erratic
43. An astronomical instrument for measuring angles & primarily altitude of celestial bodies to determine latitude.
mineral
quarrying
basaltic
sextant
44. 1. A steep-walled & usually conical depression at the summit or on the flanks of a volcano & resulting from the explosive ejection of material from a vent. 2. A bowl-shaped depression with a raised & overturned rim produced by the impact of a meteori
mineral
outer core
crater
epicenter
45. Weathering processes that are the result of chemical reactions. Example: the transformation of orthoclase to kaolinite.
discharge
decomposition (chemical weathering)
lahar
mesosphere
46. A natural depression in the surface of the land caused by the collapse of the roof of a cavern or subterranean passage & generally occurring in limestone regions.
breakwater
geothermal energy
continental slope
sinkhole
47. Turbulent stream water flow down a steep gradient & but not as steep as in a waterfall.
plain
rapids
period
asteroid
48. Ratio between weight of given volume of material and weight of equal volume of pure water.
specific gravity
fault
scientific model
fringing reef
49. A vertical conduit through the Earth's crust below a volcano & through Which magma has passed.
ozone depletion
escarpment
pipe
eclipse
50. Flat land covered with tall grass and wildflowers.
permafrost
isostatic change in sea level
aftershock
prairie
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