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Test your basic knowledge |
Earth Science
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Glacial drift composed of rock fragments that range from clay to boulder size and randomly arranged without bedding.
till (unstratified drift)
oxbow lake
stormwater runoff
Earth
2. The condition of equilibrium & comparable to floating & of units of the lithosphere above the asthenosphere.
cleavage
galaxy
isostasy
star
3. Living in water.
aquatic
erosion
cartographer
biogenic sediment
4. The southern portion of the late Paleozoic supercontinent known as Pangea. It means & literally 'Land of the Gonds' (a people of the Indian subcontinent).The supercontinent existed from Cambrian to Jurassic time & mainly composed of South America &
Mesozoic
scour
Gondwana
orogeny
5. Formed when an organism is flattened (compressed) and a thin film of organic material from its body is left in the rock.
compression fossil
thermal spring
Pelean eruption
fringing reef
6. As applied to glacier ice & the process by which ice below the snow line is wasted by evaporation and melting.
ablation
El Nino
groundtruthing
fold and thrust mountains
7. Turbulent stream water flow down a steep gradient & but not as steep as in a waterfall.
plate tectonics
continent
pahoehoe
rapids
8. A division of geologic time next shorter than a period. Example: the Pleistocene epoch is in the Quaternary period.
epoch
wind farm
biogenic sedimentary rock
aftershock
9. An instrument that merely indicates the occurrence of an earthquake.
epoch
convergent boundary
seismoscope
groin
10. The point on the Earth's surface where a magnetic needle points vertically downward (north magnetic pole) or vertically upward (south magnetic pole).
zone of leaching
magnetic pole
intrusive
denudation
11. A portable time keeper with a mechanism for ensuring accuracy and adjusting itself & used for determining longitude at sea.
magnitude
fringing reef
marine Chronometer
Milky Way
12. A flood that rises and falls very rapidly.
viscosity
Uniformitarianism
isthmus
flash flood
13. The pattern of water circulation from the ocean to the atmosphere to the land and back to the ocean.
oal
solar system
hydrologic cycle
seastack
14. Bent rock strata.
fold
lava lake
triangulation
abyssal plain
15. Weathering processes that are the result of chemical reactions. Example: the transformation of orthoclase to kaolinite.
current speed
fracture
decomposition (chemical weathering)
zone of saturation
16. A roughly circular reef with an occasional small & low & coral sand island surrounding a shallow lagoon.
shoreline
pothole
atoll
landforms
17. Deposition of fine mineral particles (silt) on the beds of streams or lakes.
zone of saturation
equinox
siltation
extrusive
18. A giant structure that contains hundreds of billions of stars.
galaxy
archaean
s- wave (secondary wave & shear wave)
wave length
19. Gases (primarily water and carbon dioxide & but also a variety of sulfur and nitrogen compounds and gaseous hydrocarbons) that trap the Sun's heat in the atmosphere.
intrusive
greenhouse gases
nuee ardente
fossil
20. Ratio between weight of given volume of material and weight of equal volume of pure water.
specific gravity
Precambrian
biogenic sedimentary rock
pollutant
21. A Hawaiian term for a basaltic lava flow with a smooth & or ropy surface.
pahoehoe
epicenter
chemical sedimentary rock
global warming
22. The process by which building stone & usually in blocks or sheets & is extracted from the Earth. radiation -- (Electromagnetic radiation) -- energy that travels through space in the form of waves without the intervention of matter & as in the transp
nutrient
drift
barrier reef
quarrying
23. A process by which salts accumulate in soil.
salinization
escarpment
sinkhole
outer core
24. The current geologic era & which began 66.4 million years ago and continues to the present.
Cenozoic
delta
siltation
rain shadow deserts
25. The two days of the year on which neither hemisphere is tilted toward or away from the sun.
secchi disk
specific gravity
desertification
equinox
26. That portion of the Earth below the crust and reaching to about 2 &780 km & where a transition zone of about 100 km thickness separates it from the core.
drainage basin
mantle
Pangea
archaean
27. The tendency of a moving object to continue in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place.
elevation
inertia
pathogen
kettle
28. A supercontinent that existed from the Jurassic to Early Tertiary after splitting from Pangea; composed of Laurentia & Baltica & Avalonia & (modern North America & Scandinavia & Greenland & Western and Central Europe); eventually fragmented into Eur
Laurasia
geologic column
continental divide
convection cell
29. The portion of the continental margin that extends as a gently sloping surface from the shoreline seaward to a marked change in slope at the top of the continental slope . Seaward depth averages about 130 m.
superposition
continental shelf
archaean
plate boundaries
30. A volcanic mountain on the seafloor. If flat-topped & it is a guyot.
hardpan
landforms
Earth system
seamount
31. A plate boundary in which plates on opposite sides of the boundary move past each other in opposite directions. The San Andreas fault of California is a good example.
convection
transform boundary
orogeny
chlorophyll
32. The processes of weathering by which physical actions such as frost wedging break down a rock into fragments & involving no chemical change.
eustatic change in sea level
disintegration (mechanical weathering)
chlorophyll
quarrying
33. The amount of dissolved salt in water.
aquatic
boundary
salinity
snow line
34. A hot & gaseous & self-luminous celestial body & as the Sun.
weathering
star
specific gravity
arch
35. Bent rock strata.
Hale-Bopp
stalactite
fold
jetty
36. A pillar formed as a stalactite and stalagmite meet.
scale
column
pyroclastic
specific gravity
37. A seismic body wave that involves particle motion & alternating compression and expansion & in the direction of wave propagation. It is the fastest seismic wave. compare S-wave .
current speed
p- wave (primary wave & compressional wave)
lahar
pathogen
38. A seismic body wave that involves particle motion from side to side & perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation. S-waves are slower than P-waves and cannot travel through a liquid.
ice sheet
geothermal energy
granitic
s- wave (secondary wave & shear wave)
39. A small & dust-bearing whirlwind.
dust devil
seismic gap
magnetic equator
meander
40. (Latin- Terra & Greek- Gaia) Earth is named after the ancient Germanic Goddess of the soil. It is the third planet from the Sun.
cleavage
superposition
karst
Earth
41. A small ice sheet.
icecap
geologic column
Mesozoic
oxbow lake
42. The primary division of geologic time which are & from oldest to youngest & the Hadean & Archean & Proterozoic & and Phanerozoic eons.
groove
eon
El Nino
Prime Meridian
43. A coral reef separated from the mainland by a lagoon.
sandstorm
pahoehoe
barrier reef
pipe
44. A process by which salts accumulate in soil.
salinization
rift (graben)
secchi disk
equinox
45. Sediment formed by chemical precipitation from water. Example: halite precipitated as the result of the evaporation of sea water.
chalk
chemical sediment
resources
oal
46. An informal term to include all geologic time from the beginning of the Earth to the beginning of the Cambrian period 570 million years ago.
geologic column
chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's)
secchi disk
Precambrian
47. An ingredient in a food or other substance that nourishes or promotes growth.
pyroclastic
fracture
silicate
nutrient
48. A flat & dry plain covered with short grass.
sinkhole
oceanic crust
steppe
floodplain
49. Mountains & characterized by extensive folding and thrust faulting & that form at convergent plate boundaries on continents.
runoff
nova -- (Supernova)
geology
fold and thrust mountains
50. An era of time during the Phanerozoic eon lasting from 245 million years ago to 66.4 million ago.
Mesozoic
fringing reef
water clarity
rockfall