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Earth Science

Subject : science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake.






2. Pertaining to or composed of granite & a coarse-grained igneous rock dominated by light-colored minerals & consisting of about 50 percent orthoclase & 25 percent quartz & and balance of feldspars and ferromagnesian silicates. Granite is commonly foun






3. A building that contains one or more telescopes.






4. The top of a wave.






5. Long narrow beaches separated in many places from the mainland by lagoons.






6. Sediment formed by chemical precipitation from water. Example: halite precipitated as the result of the evaporation of sea water.






7. Imaginary lines on a map or globe that measure distance in degrees east or west of the prime meridian. Longitude lines extend vertically & from pole to pole on a globe.






8. Banks of sand and silt along stream bank built by deposition in small increments during successive floods.






9. The solid innermost part of the core with a diameter of a little over 1 &200 km.






10. A sea wave produced by any large-scale & short duration disturbance on the seafloor & commonly a shallow submarine earthquake but possibly also a submarine slide or volcanic eruption.






11. An atmospheric shield providing the Earth with protection from ultra-violet rays which can cause sun burn & skin cancer and the destruction of the delicate plant life which supports the planet's food chain.






12. The reserves of a valuable mineral commodity plus all other mineral deposits that may eventually become available & even those that are presumed to exist but have not yet been discovered and those that are not economically or technologically exploita






13. Pertaining to clastic material formed by volcanic explosion or aerial expulsion from a volcanic vent.






14. A mass of ice & formed by the recrystallization of snow & that flows forward & or has flowed at some time in the past.






15. A soft compact calcite & CaCO3 & with varying amounts of silica & quartz & feldspar & or other mineral impurities & generally gray-white or yellow-white and derived chiefly from fossil seashells.






16. The generally dark & more or less stable part of the organic matter in a soil & so well decomposed that the original sources cannot be identified.






17. The process of one plate descending beneath another.






18. Plutonic. Antonym of extrusive. Pertaining to igneous rocks or features formed by the emplacement of magma in pre-existing rocks.






19. The current geologic era & which began 66.4 million years ago and continues to the present.






20. A hole or basin cut into bedrock of a stream by the abrasive action of pebbles and sand swirled by turbulent stream flow.






21. A valley caused by extension of the Earth's crust. Its floor forms as a portion of the crust moves downward along normal faults.






22. That portion of the Earth below the crust and reaching to about 2 &780 km & where a transition zone of about 100 km thickness separates it from the core.






23. The sum of the processes that result in the wearing away or the progressive lowering of the Earth's surface by weathering & erosion & mass wasting & and transportation.






24. Living in water.






25. Heat transport by direct transfer of energy from one particle to another & without moving the particle to a new location.






26. Any of various minerals prized for beauty & durability & and rarity. A few noncrystalline materials of organic origin (e.g. & pearl & red coral & and amber) also are classified as gemstones.






27. The area bordering a stream over which water spreads when the stream tops its channel banks.






28. Temporary accumulations of sediments that collect between low and high water marks.






29. The uprush of a wave onto the beach followed by the return flow of the water down the beach slope in the intervals between waves.






30. A roughly circular reef with an occasional small & low & coral sand island surrounding a shallow lagoon.






31. Reduction of pore space between individual particles as the result of overlying sediments or of tectonic movements.






32. A supercontinent that existed from the the end of the Permian to the Jurassic & 300 to 200 million years ago & assembled from large continents like Euramerica & Gondwana & and Siberia & as well as smaller landmasses like the Cathaysian and Cimmerian






33. The very slow & generally continuous downslope movement of soil and debris under the influence of gravity.






34. Any solid material that has settled out of a state of suspension in liquid.






35. A small & dust-bearing whirlwind.






36. The presence of layers in some rocks caused by parallel alignment of minerals.






37. A volcanic mountain on the seafloor. If flat-topped & it is a guyot.






38. A natural open space underground & large enough for a person to enter. Most commonly occur by the dissolution of soluble rocks & generally limestone.






39. A large & basin-shaped volcanic depression & more or less circular in form. Typically steep-sided & found at the summit of a shield volcano.






40. A delta formed at both sides of a tidal inlet.






41. Uranus is named after the Roman god of the sky. It is the seventh planet from the Sun.






42. The processes (mechanical and chemical) responsible for the wearing away & loosening & and dissolving of materials of the Earth's crust.






43. The portion of the continental margin that lies between the abyssal plain and the continental slope. The continental rise is underlain by crustal rocks of the ocean basin.






44. A dense & hot (sometimes incandescent) cloud of volcanic ash and gas produced in a Pelean eruption.






45. The processes of weathering by which physical actions such as frost wedging break down a rock into fragments & involving no chemical change.






46. The solid innermost part of the core with a diameter of a little over 1 &200 km.






47. A process of erosion in which wind carries off particles of dust and sand.






48. A major drainage divide separating the drainage to one ocean from another.






49. A cavity in a lava & formed by the entrapment of a gas bubble during solidification of the lava.






50. The straightening and/or deepening of a river channel.







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