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Earth Science

Subject : science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The area immediately below the ground surface within which pore spaces are partially filled with water and partially filled with air.






2. An eruption of lava that takes place from a fracture & usually without producing a cone.






3. All unconsolidated materials above bedrock. Natural earthy materials on the Earth's surface & in places modified or even made by human activity & containing living matter & and supporting or capable of supporting plants out of doors.






4. A zone in the Earth between 400 and 670 km below the surface separating the upper mantle from the lower mantle.






5. The acidity in rain due to gases from internal combustion engines and coal- and oil-burning power plants.






6. A division of geologic time next smaller than the eon and larger than a period. Example: The Paleozoic era is in the Phanerozoic eon and includes & among others & the Devonian period.






7. The outermost part of the core. It is liquid & about 1 &700 km thick & and separated from the inner & solid core by a transition zone about 565 km thick.






8. A giant structure that contains hundreds of billions of stars.






9. A unit of length used in sea navigation based on the length of 1 minute of arc on a great circle. On Earth & 1 minute of latitude.






10. (Latin- Sol & Greek- Helios)the closest star to Earth. It is a giant ball of gas without any solid surface.






11. A narrow strip of land along the margin of the ocean extending inland for a variable distance from low water mark.






12. The seaward edge of coast between low tide and effective wave action.






13. An astronomical instrument for measuring angles & primarily altitude of celestial bodies to determine latitude.






14. A segment of an active fault zone that has not experienced a major earthquake during a time period when most other segments of the zone have. They are generally regarded as having a higher potential for future earthquakes.






15. The surface between the zone of saturation and the zone of aeration.






16. A seismic body wave that involves particle motion from side to side & perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation. S-waves are slower than P-waves and cannot travel through a liquid.






17. A famous scientist who proposed that the Sun was the center of the solar system not the Earth. (Heliocentrism)






18. The study of earthquakes & and of the structure of the Earth by both natural and artificially generated seismic waves.






19. Of or relating to or containing basalt & a dark & dense & extrusive rock that has a silica content of 40% to 50% and makes up most of the ocean floor.






20. The areas of & in & or constituting a city.






21. A comet that passed Earth in 1997 and won't return to the inner solar system until the year 4377.






22. A Hawaiian term for a lava flow that has a rough & jagged surface.






23. Glacial drift composed of rock fragments that range from clay to boulder size and randomly arranged without bedding.






24. The theory that states that the present-day continents are the fragmented pieces of preexisting larger landmasses called supercontinents.






25. A cavity in a lava & formed by the entrapment of a gas bubble during solidification of the lava.






26. Heat extracted from the Earth for use as an power source.






27. A period of dryness & that when prolonged & causes damage to crops; a shortage of water.






28. A plate boundary in which plates on opposite sides of the boundary move past each other in opposite directions. The San Andreas fault of California is a good example.






29. The peak flow of water that tops the banks of a stream channel.






30. As applied to glacier ice & the process by which ice below the snow line is wasted by evaporation and melting.






31. A Hawaiian term for a basaltic lava flow with a smooth & or ropy surface.






32. Deserts in zones of descending air between 25 degrees and 30 degrees north and south latitude.






33. The Sun with all the celestial bodies that revolve around it.






34. A coral reef attached directly to the mainland.






35. Property possessed by certain rocks of breaking with relative ease along parallel planes or nearly parallel surfaces in their crystal structures where the bonds are weakest.






36. An aggregate of one or more minerals in varying proportions.






37. A naturally occurring inorganic solid that has a well-defined chemical composition and in which atoms are arranged in an ordered fashion.






38. Flat land covered with tall grass and wildflowers.






39. To change back and forth uncertainly.






40. The speed at which water flows.






41. Plutonic. Antonym of extrusive. Pertaining to igneous rocks or features formed by the emplacement of magma in pre-existing rocks.






42. A curved belt of volcanic islands lying above a subduction zone.






43. Pertaining to clastic material formed by volcanic explosion or aerial expulsion from a volcanic vent.






44. A pillar formed as a stalactite and stalagmite meet.






45. Destruction of the ozone layer caused by the release of CFC's (chlorofluorocarbons) into the atmosphere which react chemically with ozone and break it down into different gases.






46. A coral reef separated from the mainland by a lagoon.






47. A glaciated valley now flooded by the sea.






48. A process of erosion in which wind carries off particles of dust and sand.






49. The average weather conditions of an area over many years & as measured by temperature & wind speed & and precipitation.






50. The production of living matter by organisms that make food using sunlight or chemicals. Usually expressed as grams of carbon per square meter per year.







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