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Test your basic knowledge |
Earth Science
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A naturally occurring inorganic solid that has a well-defined chemical composition and in which atoms are arranged in an ordered fashion.
particulate air pollution
jetty
mineral
rock cycle
2. A vent in the surface of the Earth & from which lava & ash & and gases erupt.
volcano
gemstone
ground moraine
rainforest
3. The very small particles of dirt & soot & and other pollutants that are present in the air.
groove
particulate air pollution
desertification
nonfoliated
4. The seaward edge of coast between low tide and effective wave action.
glaciation
shore
ecosystem
hardpan
5. The solid innermost part of the core with a diameter of a little over 1 &200 km.
Laurasia
inner core
gravity
geothermal energy
6. Plutonic. Antonym of extrusive. Pertaining to igneous rocks or features formed by the emplacement of magma in pre-existing rocks.
deflation
intrusive
sod
epicenter
7. Any of various minerals prized for beauty & durability & and rarity. A few noncrystalline materials of organic origin (e.g. & pearl & red coral & and amber) also are classified as gemstones.
nova -- (Supernova)
barrier reef
erratic
gemstone
8. The great circle on the Earth's surface passing through The North and South Poles & which is considered 0 degrees longitude. The prime meridian passes through Greenwich & England & and is used as a reference point for measuring longitude east and w
watershed
Prime Meridian
meteoroid
ground water
9. A unit of length used in sea navigation based on the length of 1 minute of arc on a great circle. On Earth & 1 minute of latitude.
chlorophyll
pipe
nautical mile
hydrologic cycle
10. A substance that produces negatively charged hydroxide ions ( OH- ) in water and reacts with acids to form salts.
asthenosphere
comet
base
ozone layer
11. The theory that states that the present-day continents are the fragmented pieces of preexisting larger landmasses called supercontinents.
habitat
Continntal Drift Theory
seamount
moon
12. The surface between the zone of saturation and the zone of aeration.
striations
water table
superposition
drought
13. Destruction of the ozone layer caused by the release of CFC's (chlorofluorocarbons) into the atmosphere which react chemically with ozone and break it down into different gases.
seamount
ozone depletion
light-year
intensity
14. A division of geologic time next shorter than a period. Example: the Pleistocene epoch is in the Quaternary period.
stalagmite
epoch
plate boundaries
reservoir rock
15. The production of living matter by organisms that make food using sunlight or chemicals. Usually expressed as grams of carbon per square meter per year.
primary productivity
loess
geothermal energy
frost wedging
16. A curved belt of volcanic islands lying above a subduction zone.
island arc
boundary
ozone layer
cave
17. A measure of the strength of an earthquake based on the amount of movement recorded by a seismograph . compare Richter scale.
Continntal Drift Theory
igneous rock
magnitude
conserve
18. The outermost layer of the Earth & varying in thickness from about 10 kilometers (6 miles) below the oceans & to 65 kilometers (about 40 miles) below the continents; represents less than 1 percent of the Earth's volume.
conduction
crust
fringing reef
nebula
19. Deposition of fine mineral particles (silt) on the beds of streams or lakes.
siltation
shoreline
solstice
fossil
20. The science that deals with the study of the planet Earth--the materials of which it is made & the processes that act to change these materials from one form to another & and the history recorded by these materials; the forces acting to deform the ou
geology
oal
Proxima Centauri
viscosity
21. The upper horizons in a soil & through which gravitational moisture travels & removing soluble decomposition products.
mineral
chalk
continent
zone of leaching
22. Heat extracted from the Earth for use as an power source.
geothermal energy
Hale-Bopp
wave crest
drainage basin
23. A group of stars that appear to make a pattern in the sky. The Big Dipper is a constellation.
basaltic
scale
clastic
constellation
24. A region of high heat flow on the Earth's surface & thought to lie above a mantle plume .
hot spot
stormwater runoff
volcanic ash
fringing reef
25. In the geologic time scale a unit of time less than an era and greater than an epoch. Example: The Tertiary period was the earliest period in the Cenozoic era and included & among others & the Eocene epoch.
hemisphere
waterfall
period
divergent boundary
26. A continuous well-defined mass of material of sufficient ore content to make extraction economically feasible. compare mineral deposit.
strip mining
asthenosphere
nebula
ore deposit
27. A planetary satellite.
Pangea
moon
shoreline
sinkhole
28. An area where fresh water comes into contact with seawater & usually in a partly enclosed coastal body of water; a mix of fresh and salt water where the current of a stream meets the tides.
bedrock
solar system
estuary
archipelago
29. Forms along a coast as wave erosion cuts through a headland.
reservoir rock
basalt
arch
stalagmite
30. The green pigment in the cells of many plants that enables them to use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates in the process called photosynthesis.
casts
chlorophyll
plate
soil
31. A general term including both oil and natural gas.
star
ozone
atlas
petroleum
32. The very slow & generally continuous downslope movement of soil and debris under the influence of gravity.
creep
stratification
intrusive
compaction
33. A valley carved by glacier erosion and whose cross-valley profile has steep sides and a nearly flat floor & suggestive of a large letter 'you'.
jetty
stratification
you-shaped valley
gravity
34. A geometrical form taken by a mineral & giving external expression to orderly internal atomic arrangement.
universe
latitude
crystal
star
35. The reflection of light on a given mineral's surface & classified by intensity and quality.
calving
luster
gemstone
beach
36. A geometrical form taken by a mineral & giving external expression to orderly internal atomic arrangement.
El Nino
ablation
crystal
archaean
37. A narrow & steep-walled depression in the ocean floor & much deeper than the adjacent ocean and associated with a subduction zone.
tectonic Plates
ore deposit
trench
inner core
38. Any place where bedrock is visible on the surface of the Earth.
sedimentary rock
smelting
outcrop
Cenozoic
39. Surficial mining & in which the valuable rock is exposed by removal of overlying rock or soil.
open pit mining
nebula
pahoehoe
Earth
40. Living on land.
terrestrial
deflation
Jupiter
meteoroid
41. A type of thermal spring which ejects water intermittently with considerable force.
geyser
vesicle
mineral deposit
drainage divide
42. A naturally occurring inorganic solid that has a well-defined chemical composition and in which atoms are arranged in an ordered fashion.
plate
mineral
climate
pahoehoe
43. A broad & mound-like mass of glacier ice that usually spreads radially outward from a central zone.
Mesozoic
ice sheet
sand dune
cone of depression
44. A general term for a relatively hard layer of soil at or just below the ground surface & cemented by silica & iron oxide & calcium carbonate & or organic matter.
swash and back wash
hardpan
arid
meander
45. The innermost zone of Earth. It consists of two parts & an outer liquid section and an inner solid section & both chiefly of iron and nickel with about 10 percent lighter elements. It is surrounded by the mantle.
barrier beaches
decomposition (chemical weathering)
chalk
core
46. An isolated & steep-sided & rocky mass or island just offshore from a rocky headland & usually on a shore platform.
cave
seastack
Andromeda
secchi disk
47. A lake of lava & usually basaltic & in a volcanic caldera.
lava lake
smelting
extrusive
tell
48. A curved belt of volcanic islands lying above a subduction zone.
ore
island arc
magnitude
geology
49. A collection of maps.
atlas
acid rain
petroleum
spring
50. Bent rock strata.
granitic
urban
fold
decomposition (chemical weathering)