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Test your basic knowledge |
Earth Science
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Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A process of land degradation initiated by human activity & particularly in the zones along the margins of deserts.
magnetic polarity
desertification
wave length
equinox
2. The rigid outer shell of the Earth. It includes the crust and uppermost mantle and is on the order of 100 km in thickness.
ozone depletion
lithosphere
atlas
star
3. A tool for measuring the relative clarity of water.
abundant metal
fossil
subduction
secchi disk
4. The great circle on the Earth's surface passing through The North and South Poles & which is considered 0 degrees longitude. The prime meridian passes through Greenwich & England & and is used as a reference point for measuring longitude east and w
tide
Prime Meridian
mid-ocean ridges
soil
5. An era of time during the Phanerozoic eon lasting from 245 million years ago to 66.4 million ago.
Mesozoic
pollutant
hardpan
magma
6. A depression in the ground formed by the melting of a block of glacier ice buried or partially buried by drift.
kettle
shoreline
strip mining
hardpan
7. A hot & gaseous & self-luminous celestial body & as the Sun.
lahar
focus
rift (graben)
star
8. The galaxy where Earth is located.
suspension
Venus
Milky Way
lahar
9. A soft compact calcite & CaCO3 & with varying amounts of silica & quartz & feldspar & or other mineral impurities & generally gray-white or yellow-white and derived chiefly from fossil seashells.
chalk
nautical mile
suspension
open pit mining
10. An era of geologic time lasting from 570 to 245 million years ago.
arch
Paleozoic
anemometer
Pluto
11. Mercury is named after the Roman messenger of the gods. It is the closest to the Sun.
continental shelf
Mercury
crystal
Gondwana
12. The oldest eon in Earth history & extending from the origin of the Earth to about 3.9 billion years ago.
Hadean
flash flood
convection cell
seismic sea wave (tsunami)
13. A method of sediment transport in which the turbulence of a fluid is able to keep particles supported in the fluid.
rapids
black smoker
suspension
resources
14. Any form of water & such as rain & sleet & or snow & that falls to Earth's surface.
continental slope
precipitation
universe
Pangea
15. A vent on the seafloor from which hydrothermal fluids are emitted. Upon mixing with seawater and cooling & the fluids precipitate a cloud of fine-grained sulfide minerals that resembles a cloud of black smoke.
black smoker
humus
seamount
body wave
16. A vent in the surface of the Earth & from which lava & ash & and gases erupt.
pothole
water clarity
volcano
greenhouse gases
17. An icicle-shaped accumulation of dripstone hanging from cave roof.
stalactite
longitude
groin
Sun
18. A molecule composed of three atoms of oxygen and mostly found in the stratosphere. Though beneficial in the upper atmosphere & at ground level & ozone is called photochemical smog & and is a respiratory irritant and considered a pollutant.
plate boundaries
ozone
Saturn
escarpment
19. The closest galaxy to the Milky way. It is approximately 2 million light-years away.
epicenter
magnitude
Andromeda
continental rise
20. The Sun with all the celestial bodies that revolve around it.
solar system
lahar
terrestrial
groin
21. Large area of extremely flat ocean floor lying near a continent and generally over 4 km in depth.
lithification
hemisphere
geyser
abyssal plain
22. To wash or scrub away.
urban
scour
atoll
mid-ocean ridges
23. Any place where bedrock is visible on the surface of the Earth.
urban
outcrop
mantle
zone of saturation
24. A period of dryness & that when prolonged & causes damage to crops; a shortage of water.
beach
drought
hardness
plate
25. A large & basin-shaped volcanic depression & more or less circular in form. Typically steep-sided & found at the summit of a shield volcano.
caldera
boundary
clastic
soil
26. The arrangement of rock units in the proper chronological order from youngest to oldest.
body wave
geologic column
ore
seismic sea wave (tsunami)
27. Either the northern or southern half of the Earth as divided by the equator & or the eastern or western half as divided by a meridian.
hemisphere
fetch
fracture
zone of leaching
28. The process of one plate descending beneath another.
Mesozoic
subduction
magnetic polarity
Pillow Lava
29. In the geologic time scale a unit of time less than an era and greater than an epoch. Example: The Tertiary period was the earliest period in the Cenozoic era and included & among others & the Eocene epoch.
eon
precipitation
period
moon
30. The arrangement of rock units in the proper chronological order from youngest to oldest.
longitude
geologic column
Cenozoic
volcano
31. Objects revolving around the sun that are too small and too numerous to be considered planets.
elevation
Global Positioning System (GPS)
asteroid
intertidal zone
32. An icicle-shaped accumulation of dripstone hanging from cave roof.
fracture
stalactite
coast
arch
33. A vent on the seafloor from which hydrothermal fluids are emitted. Upon mixing with seawater and cooling & the fluids precipitate a cloud of fine-grained sulfide minerals that resembles a cloud of black smoke.
pH
black smoker
salinity
tidal inlet
34. The very small particles of dirt & soot & and other pollutants that are present in the air.
particulate air pollution
prairie
watershed
quarrying
35. A narrow & elongate region in which one lithospheric plate descends relative to another.
reservoir rock
triangulation
nutrient
subduction zone
36. An earthquake that follows and has its epicenter near a larger earthquake.
arch
fringing reef
habitat
aftershock
37. The study of earthquakes & and of the structure of the Earth by both natural and artificially generated seismic waves.
seismology
epoch
luster
hot spot
38. A type of thermal spring which ejects water intermittently with considerable force.
atmosphere
peat
geyser
frost wedging
39. A stone or boulder & glacially transported from place of origin and left in an area of different bedrock composition.
satellite
erratic
magnetic pole
inner core
40. The two days of the year on which neither hemisphere is tilted toward or away from the sun.
crevasse
equinox
scale
drought
41. A lake in an abandoned meander.
lava dome
siltation
oxbow lake
oceanic trench
42. Open pit mining & typically for coal.
constellation
strip mining
region
open pit mining
43. Water that flows across watersheds during and immediately after severe rainstorms. In populated areas & stormwater runoff is often water that cannot be handled by existing sewer systems. Stormwater runoff is the leading source of water pollution in t
stormwater runoff
resources
asteroid
rift (graben)
44. A plate boundary in which plates on opposite sides of the boundary move past each other in opposite directions. The San Andreas fault of California is a good example.
swells
ground water
karst
transform boundary
45. A study designed to collect critical data to be used for comparison or as a control in a later study.
fault
baseline study
observator
creep
46. A detailed mathematical description of the cause-and-effect relationships between events that can be used to predict or explain other such events.
ablation
till (unstratified drift)
resources
scientific model
47. Rock formed from the accumulation of sediment & Which may consist of fragments and mineral grains of varying sizes from pre-existing rocks & remains or products of animals and plants & the products of chemical action & or mixtures of these.
mesosphere
continental slope
sedimentary rock
legend
48. A substance that produces negatively charged hydroxide ions ( OH- ) in water and reacts with acids to form salts.
Continntal Drift Theory
base
cartographer
Mars
49. A sedimentary rock made up of chemical sediments. Example: rock salt.
pH
magnetic equator
chemical sedimentary rock
karst
50. A rigid segment of the Earth's lithosphere that moves horizontally and adjoins other plates along zones of seismic activity. Plates may include portions of both continents and ocean basins.
plate
magma
Mars
Pluto
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