Test your basic knowledge |

Earth Science

Subject : science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A coral reef attached directly to the mainland.






2. Similar to a groin but built to keep sand out of a harbor entrance.






3. The line formed by the intersection of the axial plane of a fold with a bedding plane & marking where the bed shows its maximum curvature.






4. Large area of extremely flat ocean floor lying near a continent and generally over 4 km in depth.






5. The rock beneath the soil.






6. An artificial hill formed by the debris of successive human settlements.






7. 1. A mass of sand & gravel & or alluvium deposited on the bed of a stream & sea & or lake & or at the mouth of a stream 2. A unit of pressure & approximately equal to atmospheric pressure at sea level.






8. Verifying assessments made from satellite data by doing direct & 'on-the ground' measurements.






9. The process of mountain building.






10. A naturally occurring inorganic solid that has a well-defined chemical composition and in which atoms are arranged in an ordered fashion.






11. A sea wave produced by any large-scale & short duration disturbance on the seafloor & commonly a shallow submarine earthquake but possibly also a submarine slide or volcanic eruption.






12. A ridge of high water associated with a hurricane and which floods over the shore .






13. The tendency of a moving object to continue in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place.






14. The principle that states the processes operating to change the Earth in the present also operated in the past.






15. Applies to igneous rocks that cool on the surface of the Earth & including beneath water; typically with small crystals due to the rapidity of cooling. Synonym of extrusive. Antonym of plutonic.






16. Forms along a coast as wave erosion cuts through a headland.






17. Shapes & like mountains or hills that make up the Earth's surface.






18. The level of light that penetrates through water.






19. A substance that produces positively charged hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water.






20. Saturn is named after the Roman god of the harvest. It is the sixth planet from the Sun.






21. A cavity in a lava & formed by the entrapment of a gas bubble during solidification of the lava.






22. All unconsolidated materials above bedrock. Natural earthy materials on the Earth's surface & in places modified or even made by human activity & containing living matter & and supporting or capable of supporting plants out of doors.






23. The initial point within the Earth that ruptures in an earthquake & directly below the epicenter. The point within the Earth which is the center of an earthquake & at which strain energy is first released and converted to elastic wave energy.






24. A rigid segment of the Earth's lithosphere that moves horizontally and adjoins other plates along zones of seismic activity. Plates may include portions of both continents and ocean basins.






25. The process by which building stone & usually in blocks or sheets & is extracted from the Earth. radiation -- (Electromagnetic radiation) -- energy that travels through space in the form of waves without the intervention of matter & as in the transp






26. The solid innermost part of the core with a diameter of a little over 1 &200 km.






27. Living parts of the environment that can renew or replace themselves.






28. Where one plate slides beneath another plate as the two are pushed together & a subduction zone.






29. A glaciated valley now flooded by the sea.






30. The speed at which water flows.






31. As applied to glacier ice & the process by which ice below the snow line is wasted by evaporation and melting.






32. A river that is able to maintain its flow through a desert because of water received from outside the desert.






33. 1. A steep-walled & usually conical depression at the summit or on the flanks of a volcano & resulting from the explosive ejection of material from a vent. 2. A bowl-shaped depression with a raised & overturned rim produced by the impact of a meteori






34. A cyclical pattern of movement in a fluid body such as the ocean & the atmosphere & or the Earth's mantle & driven by density variations which in turn are the result of differences in temperature from one part of the fluid to another.






35. A detailed mathematical description of the cause-and-effect relationships between events that can be used to predict or explain other such events.






36. A group of stars that appear to make a pattern in the sky. The Big Dipper is a constellation.






37. Lies half way between the north and south magnetic poles.






38. An era of time during the Phanerozoic eon lasting from 245 million years ago to 66.4 million ago.






39. The portion of the continental margin that extends as a gently sloping surface from the shoreline seaward to a marked change in slope at the top of the continental slope . Seaward depth averages about 130 m.






40. A sedimentary rock made up of chemical sediments. Example: rock salt.






41. A famous scientist who proposed that the Sun was the center of the solar system not the Earth. (Heliocentrism)






42. A natural open space underground & large enough for a person to enter. Most commonly occur by the dissolution of soluble rocks & generally limestone.






43. The study of earthquakes & and of the structure of the Earth by both natural and artificially generated seismic waves.






44. Till deposited from main body of glacier during ablation.






45. The partial or complete blocking from view of one object by another.






46. Synonym of intrusive. Antonym of volcanic. Applies to igneous rocks formed beneath the surface of the Earth; typically with large crystals due to the slowness of cooling.






47. Mars is named after the Roman god of war. It is the fourth planet from the Sun.






48. A supercontinent that existed from the the end of the Permian to the Jurassic & 300 to 200 million years ago & assembled from large continents like Euramerica & Gondwana & and Siberia & as well as smaller landmasses like the Cathaysian and Cimmerian






49. The accumulation of material in layers or beds.






50. A process by which salts accumulate in soil.