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Earth Science

Subject : science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A curved belt of volcanic islands lying above a subduction zone.






2. A waterway from open ocean into a lagoon.






3. A vent in the surface of the Earth & from which lava & ash & and gases erupt.






4. The pattern of water circulation from the ocean to the atmosphere to the land and back to the ocean.






5. Any accumulation of material & by settling from water or air & chemical precipitation & evaporation from solution & etc.






6. The process of removing metal from ore.






7. An area where fresh water comes into contact with seawater & usually in a partly enclosed coastal body of water; a mix of fresh and salt water where the current of a stream meets the tides.






8. Enormous & thick sheets of rock that are part of the Earth's upper mantle that move and adjoin each other along zones of seismic activity. Many tectonic plates extend underneath both continents and sea floor.






9. A soft compact calcite & CaCO3 & with varying amounts of silica & quartz & feldspar & or other mineral impurities & generally gray-white or yellow-white and derived chiefly from fossil seashells.






10. A cavity in a lava & formed by the entrapment of a gas bubble during solidification of the lava.






11. Heat extracted from the Earth for use as an power source.






12. Flat land covered with tall grass and wildflowers.






13. The speed at which water flows.






14. Highly mafic igneous volcanic rock & typically fine-grained and dark in color; rough volcanic equivalent of gabbro. Basalt is the most abundant volcanic rock in the Earth's crust.






15. Pertaining to clastic material formed by volcanic explosion or aerial expulsion from a volcanic vent.






16. A group of stars that appear to make a pattern in the sky. The Big Dipper is a constellation.






17. The Earth's crust underlying the ocean basins which is formed at mid-oceanic ridges. It is typically 5 to 10 kilometers thick composed of basalt.






18. Extending across a continent.






19. An area in which a large number of windmills have been erected to generate electrical power.






20. The zone below the zone of aeration in which all pore spaces are filled with water.






21. Weathering processes that are the result of chemical reactions. Example: the transformation of orthoclase to kaolinite.






22. The Sun with all the celestial bodies that revolve around it.






23. The accumulation of material in layers or beds.






24. The pattern of water circulation from the ocean to the atmosphere to the land and back to the ocean.






25. A process by which salts accumulate in soil.






26. The relationship between distances in the area being mapped and distances in the map itself.






27. The way in which a rock or mineral breaks in random patterns rather than cleaving






28. An icicle-shaped accumulation of dripstone hanging from cave roof.






29. Deposits of wind-borne dust.






30. The height of a place above sea level.






31. Property possessed by certain rocks of breaking with relative ease along parallel planes or nearly parallel surfaces in their crystal structures where the bonds are weakest.






32. A continuous well-defined mass of material of sufficient ore content to make extraction economically feasible. compare mineral deposit.






33. To preserve & or to avoid wasteful use.






34. The theory of Plate Tectonics states that the Earth's crust is fragmented into a dozen or more large and small pieces floating on a semi-molten mantle.






35. The distance between two successive wave crests or troughs.






36. A substance that produces negatively charged hydroxide ions ( OH- ) in water and reacts with acids to form salts.






37. An atmospheric shield providing the Earth with protection from ultra-violet rays which can cause sun burn & skin cancer and the destruction of the delicate plant life which supports the planet's food chain.






38. Produced as a wave steepens and falls forward as the wave nears the shore.






39. A valley caused by extension of the Earth's crust. Its floor forms as a portion of the crust moves downward along normal faults.






40. A narrow & steep-walled depression in the ocean floor & much deeper than the adjacent ocean and associated with a subduction zone.






41. The seaward edge of coast between low tide and effective wave action.






42. A famous scientist who proposed that the Sun was the center of the solar system not the Earth. (Heliocentrism)






43. The study of earthquakes & and of the structure of the Earth by both natural and artificially generated seismic waves.






44. Any accumulation of material & by settling from water or air & chemical precipitation & evaporation from solution & etc.






45. The sum of the processes that result in the wearing away or the progressive lowering of the Earth's surface by weathering & erosion & mass wasting & and transportation.






46. The process of mountain building.






47. Any solid material that has settled out of a state of suspension in liquid.






48. 1. A low & bowl-shaped area of land surrounded by higher lands. 2. any large depression in which sediments are deposited.






49. A building that contains one or more telescopes.






50. A mound or ridge of sediment deposited by a glacier.







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