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Test your basic knowledge |
Earth Science
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Weathering processes that are the result of chemical reactions. Example: the transformation of orthoclase to kaolinite.
jetty
decomposition (chemical weathering)
loess
habitat
2. An icicle-shaped accumulation of dripstone hanging from cave roof.
stalactite
desertification
Phanerozoic
deflation
3. A steep-sided rounded extrusion of highly viscous lava squeezed out from a volcano and forming a dome-shaped or bulbous mass above and around the volcanic vent. The structure generally develops inside a volcanic crater.
loess
lava dome
inertia
cleavage
4. A downward distortion or dimple in the water table that forms as a well pumps water faster than it can flow through the aquifer.
asteroid
era
eon
cone of depression
5. Till deposited from main body of glacier during ablation.
observator
ground moraine
Global Positioning System (GPS)
Paleozoic
6. Extending across a continent.
Prime Meridian
compass Rose
transcontinental
star
7. A division of geologic time next shorter than a period. Example: the Pleistocene epoch is in the Quaternary period.
chemical sediment
epoch
you-shaped valley
p- wave (primary wave & compressional wave)
8. Surficial mining & in which the valuable rock is exposed by removal of overlying rock or soil.
scour
geyser
archipelago
open pit mining
9. The partial or complete blocking from view of one object by another.
Prime Meridian
eclipse
archaean
storm surge
10. Long narrow beaches separated in many places from the mainland by lagoons.
barrier beaches
universe
period
watershed
11. The portion of the continental margin that extends as a gently sloping surface from the shoreline seaward to a marked change in slope at the top of the continental slope . Seaward depth averages about 130 m.
continental shelf
barrier beaches
ozone layer
Proxima Centauri
12. The part of the crust that directly underlies the continents and continental shelves. Averages about 35 km in thickness & but may be over 70 km thick under largest mountain ranges.
epicenter
cinder cone
beach
continental crust
13. A building that contains one or more telescopes.
observator
clast
biogenic sediment
stormwater runoff
14. A small ice sheet.
icecap
intrusive
dust devil
magma
15. An individual grain or constituent of a rock.
volcano
loess
clast
liquefaction
16. The transformation of a soil from a solid to a liquid state as the result of increased pore pressure.
decomposition (chemical weathering)
arch
outcrop
liquefaction
17. A substance that produces positively charged hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water.
acid
denudation
geologic time scale
region
18. A natural open space underground & large enough for a person to enter. Most commonly occur by the dissolution of soluble rocks & generally limestone.
core
waterfall
cave
nonfoliated
19. To change back and forth uncertainly.
caldera
fluctuate
Paleozoic
base
20. A waste material that contaminates air & water & or soil.
nuee ardente
abyssal plain
oceanic crust
pollutant
21. The portion of the continental margin that lies between the abyssal plain and the continental slope. The continental rise is underlain by crustal rocks of the ocean basin.
caldera
Sun
subduction zone
continental rise
22. The concept of a sequence of events involving the formation & alteration & destruction and reformation of rocks as a result of geologic processes.
loess
clastic
rock cycle
Gondwana
23. The process by which building stone & usually in blocks or sheets & is extracted from the Earth. radiation -- (Electromagnetic radiation) -- energy that travels through space in the form of waves without the intervention of matter & as in the transp
quarrying
seismograph
Uniformitarianism
Andromeda
24. The science that deals with the study of the planet Earth--the materials of which it is made & the processes that act to change these materials from one form to another & and the history recorded by these materials; the forces acting to deform the ou
Uranus
geology
seismic gap
seismic sea wave (tsunami)
25. Lacking in rainfall & very dry.
Saturn
arid
fjord
channelization
26. An area where fresh water comes into contact with seawater & usually in a partly enclosed coastal body of water; a mix of fresh and salt water where the current of a stream meets the tides.
icecap
continental shelf
estuary
tectonic Plates
27. Any natural concentration of a valuable material in the Earth's crust & whether that material can be extracted profitably or not.
seastack
lithification
mineral deposit
p- wave (primary wave & compressional wave)
28. A group of islands; an expanse of water with scattered islands.
archipelago
sand dune
triangulation
denudation
29. A stone or boulder & glacially transported from place of origin and left in an area of different bedrock composition.
ice sheet
intrusive
bar
erratic
30. The process by which ocean floors spread laterally from crests of main ocean ridges. As material moves laterally from the ridge & new material replaces it along the ridge crest by welling upward from the mantle.
nonfoliated
seafloor spreading
conduction
beach
31. An astronomical instrument for measuring angles & primarily altitude of celestial bodies to determine latitude.
cinder cone
epicenter
rapids
sextant
32. The point on the Earth's surface that is directly above the focus of an earthquake.
abyssal plain
gravity
epicenter
ecosystem
33. In a stream & the volume of water passing through a channel in a given time.
zone of leaching
telescope
erratic
discharge
34. A broad & deep & generally straight furrow carved in bed rock by the abrasive action of debris embedded in a moving glacier. Larger and deeper than a glacial striation.
plate
mineral
moraine
groove
35. The concept of a sequence of events involving the formation & alteration & destruction and reformation of rocks as a result of geologic processes.
seismograph
denudation
rain shadow deserts
rock cycle
36. A steep or vertical cliff & either above or below sea level.
geyser
outcrop
bedrock
escarpment
37. An informal term to include all geologic time from the beginning of the Earth to the beginning of the Cambrian period 570 million years ago.
prairie
Proxima Centauri
stratification
Precambrian
38. Any accumulation of material & by settling from water or air & chemical precipitation & evaporation from solution & etc.
continental slope
deflation
deposition
universe
39. A supercontinent that existed from the the end of the Permian to the Jurassic & 300 to 200 million years ago & assembled from large continents like Euramerica & Gondwana & and Siberia & as well as smaller landmasses like the Cathaysian and Cimmerian
dust storm
zone of saturation
archaean
Pangea
40. Geologic time expressed in years before the present.
karst
absolute time
archipelago
clast
41. Swamp that forms in the low lying flood plain behind a levee.
volcano
back swamp
sextant
chlorophyll
42. The study of earthquakes & and of the structure of the Earth by both natural and artificially generated seismic waves.
seismology
ozone depletion
fracture
viscosity
43. A lake in an abandoned meander.
oxbow lake
lithification
inner core
sandstorm
44. Ratio between weight of given volume of material and weight of equal volume of pure water.
tell
channelization
silicate
specific gravity
45. The remains of an extremely massive star pulled into a small volume by the force of gravity.
core
black hole
plutonic
flood
46. A unit of length used in sea navigation based on the length of 1 minute of arc on a great circle. On Earth & 1 minute of latitude.
absolute time
swash and back wash
plate
nautical mile
47. To wash or scrub away.
axis
Paleozoic
sextant
scour
48. The level of light that penetrates through water.
humus
Proterozoic
water clarity
zone of aeration
49. A disease-causing organism or entity & such as a bacterium or virus.
rock cycle
sediment
landforms
pathogen
50. The peak flow of water that tops the banks of a stream channel.
fjord
zone of aeration
fossil
flood