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Earth Science

Subject : science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A period of dryness & that when prolonged & causes damage to crops; a shortage of water.






2. Synonym of intrusive. Antonym of volcanic. Applies to igneous rocks formed beneath the surface of the Earth; typically with large crystals due to the slowness of cooling.






3. A giant structure that contains hundreds of billions of stars.






4. A sea level change due to change in load on Earth's crust.






5. The generally dark & more or less stable part of the organic matter in a soil & so well decomposed that the original sources cannot be identified.






6. A tool for measuring the relative clarity of water.






7. A device containing a free-swinging magnetic needle that is attracted to Earth's magnetic North Pole. Used to determine direction of travel.






8. Ratio between weight of given volume of material and weight of equal volume of pure water.






9. The very slow & generally continuous downslope movement of soil and debris under the influence of gravity.






10. The partial or complete blocking from view of one object by another.






11. A cavity in a lava & formed by the entrapment of a gas bubble during solidification of the lava.






12. The point on the Earth's surface that is directly above the focus of an earthquake.






13. An individual grain or constituent of a rock.






14. The environment where a particular plant or animal is normally found.






15. Scratches & or small channels & gouged by glacier action. Occur on boulders & pebbles & and bedrock. Striations along bedrock indicate direction of ice movement.






16. The solid innermost part of the core with a diameter of a little over 1 &200 km.






17. A measure of the size of an earthquake in terms of the damage it causes.






18. A portable time keeper with a mechanism for ensuring accuracy and adjusting itself & used for determining longitude at sea.






19. A lake of lava & usually basaltic & in a volcanic caldera.






20. The process by which a binding & or cementing & agent is precipitated in spaces among individual particles of a deposit. Common cementing agents are calcite & quartz & and dolomite.






21. Enormous & thick sheets of rock that are part of the Earth's upper mantle that move and adjoin each other along zones of seismic activity. Many tectonic plates extend underneath both continents and sea floor.






22. A detailed mathematical description of the cause-and-effect relationships between events that can be used to predict or explain other such events.






23. A narrow strip of land that has water on either side and connects two larger bodies of water.






24. A substance that produces negatively charged hydroxide ions ( OH- ) in water and reacts with acids to form salts.






25. A hydrocarbon (coal or petroleum) that can be extracted from the Earth for use as a fuel. Fossil fuels are non-renewable energy sources.






26. A curved belt of volcanic islands lying above a subduction zone.






27. The most recent eon of geologic time beginning 570 million years ago and continuing to the present.






28. Any form of water & such as rain & sleet & or snow & that falls to Earth's surface.






29. The theory that states that the present-day continents are the fragmented pieces of preexisting larger landmasses called supercontinents.






30. A protective wall built offshore and usually parallel to the shore.






31. The region of a shore that is covered at high tide and exposed at low tide.






32. A commonly used scale of earthquake intensity.






33. Synonym of intrusive. Antonym of volcanic. Applies to igneous rocks formed beneath the surface of the Earth; typically with large crystals due to the slowness of cooling.






34. The remains of an extremely massive star pulled into a small volume by the force of gravity.






35. The generally dark & more or less stable part of the organic matter in a soil & so well decomposed that the original sources cannot be identified.






36. A large area with common features that set it apart from other areas.






37. An instrument that detects & magnifies & and records vibrations of the Earth & especially earthquakes.






38. A vertical conduit through the Earth's crust below a volcano & through Which magma has passed.






39. A volcano in the shape of a flattened cone & broad and low & built by very fluid flows of basaltic lava.






40. A comet that passed Earth in 1997 and won't return to the inner solar system until the year 4377.






41. An area in which a large number of windmills have been erected to generate electrical power.






42. Pertaining to or composed of granite & a coarse-grained igneous rock dominated by light-colored minerals & consisting of about 50 percent orthoclase & 25 percent quartz & and balance of feldspars and ferromagnesian silicates. Granite is commonly foun






43. A Hawaiian term for a lava flow that has a rough & jagged surface.






44. A sharp bend & loop or turn in a stream's course. When abandoned & it is called a meander scar or an oxbow.






45. A Hawaiian term for a basaltic lava flow with a smooth & or ropy surface.






46. An area in which a large number of windmills have been erected to generate electrical power.






47. Soil conditions prevailing in area whose mean annual temperature is 0o C.






48. A measure of the strength of an earthquake based on the amount of movement recorded by a seismograph . compare Richter scale.






49. A sedimentary rock made up of chemical sediments. Example: rock salt.






50. The process by which ocean floors spread laterally from crests of main ocean ridges. As material moves laterally from the ridge & new material replaces it along the ridge crest by welling upward from the mantle.






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