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Test your basic knowledge |
Earth Science
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Molten rock & containing dissolved gases and suspended solid particles. At the Earth's surface & magma is known as lava.
continental rise
seismic gap
magnetic pole
magma
2. The low spot between two successive waves.
groin
absolute time
basaltic
wave trough
3. Gases (primarily water and carbon dioxide & but also a variety of sulfur and nitrogen compounds and gaseous hydrocarbons) that trap the Sun's heat in the atmosphere.
greenhouse gases
lithification
erratic
suspension
4. The effect of water and carbon dioxide absorbing outgoing infrared radiation & raising a system's temperature. The term is generally used with reference to the Earth's temperature & although it can also be applied to other systems & such as greenhous
magnetic pole
Precambrian
open pit mining
Greenhouse Effect
5. The rigid outer shell of the Earth. It includes the crust and uppermost mantle and is on the order of 100 km in thickness.
lithosphere
Earth
nautical mile
chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's)
6. An ingredient in a food or other substance that nourishes or promotes growth.
isostasy
continental slope
nutrient
shore
7. A measure of the strength of an earthquake based on the amount of movement recorded by a seismograph . compare Richter scale.
mineral deposit
magnitude
aftershock
subduction
8. Elongated rises on the ocean floor where basalt periodically erupts & forming new oceanic crust.
seismograph
extrusive
intertidal zone
mid-ocean ridges
9. A building that contains one or more telescopes.
hemisphere
observator
open pit mining
compass
10. An astronomical instrument for measuring angles & primarily altitude of celestial bodies to determine latitude.
erosion
sextant
foliated
biogenic sedimentary rock
11. A flat & dry plain covered with short grass.
steppe
smelting
gemstone
humus
12. Geologic time expressed in years before the present.
absolute time
geology
hydrologic cycle
discharge
13. The color of a mineral in its powdered form obtained from scraping a sample on a ceramic plate
hardpan
streak
compass
asteroid
14. The two days of the year on which neither hemisphere is tilted toward or away from the sun.
geologic time scale
Proterozoic
equinox
oceanic trench
15. Water beneath the Earth's surface.
nova -- (Supernova)
density
ground water
geologic time scale
16. A term applied to large areas of basaltic lava presumably extruded from fissures.
beach
stalactite
asthenosphere
lava flood (plateau basalt)
17. A process of erosion in which wind carries off particles of dust and sand.
deflation
atoll
Proxima Centauri
Gondwana
18. Any seismic wave that travels through the body of Earth & rather than along its surface.
hardpan
body wave
wave length
crust
19. 1. A steep-walled & usually conical depression at the summit or on the flanks of a volcano & resulting from the explosive ejection of material from a vent. 2. A bowl-shaped depression with a raised & overturned rim produced by the impact of a meteori
crater
foreshock
comet
base
20. Property possessed by certain rocks of breaking with relative ease along parallel planes or nearly parallel surfaces in their crystal structures where the bonds are weakest.
Continntal Drift Theory
zone of leaching
equinox
cleavage
21. A time of unusual winds and currents in the Pacific Ocean . El Nino generally causes warmer-than-normal sea surface temperatures and increased rainfall and storm activity.
El Nino
satellite
ice shelf
fluctuate
22. The breaking away of ice from the front of the glacier when it ends in a lake or an ocean. Produces icebergs.
Proterozoic
storm surge
calving
Phanerozoic
23. The Earth's crust underlying the ocean basins which is formed at mid-oceanic ridges. It is typically 5 to 10 kilometers thick composed of basalt.
oceanic crust
ore deposit
calving
Pelean eruption
24. A unit of length used in sea navigation based on the length of 1 minute of arc on a great circle. On Earth & 1 minute of latitude.
beach
nautical mile
stratovolcano (composite volcano)
humid
25. A stone or boulder & glacially transported from place of origin and left in an area of different bedrock composition.
Jupiter
nebula
erratic
watershed
26. The layer of gases (air) & that surrounds a planet or moon.
storm surge
Modified Mercalli Scale
atmosphere
oxbow lake
27. A mudflow composed chiefly of pyroclastic material on the flanks of a volcano.
shoreline
jetty
compass
lahar
28. A ridge of high water associated with a hurricane and which floods over the shore .
axis
biogenic sediment
storm surge
specific gravity
29. The straightening and/or deepening of a river channel.
channelization
Proterozoic
pahoehoe
trench
30. The area bordering a stream over which water spreads when the stream tops its channel banks.
Proterozoic
floodplain
jetty
groundtruthing
31. A naturally occurring inorganic solid that has a well-defined chemical composition and in which atoms are arranged in an ordered fashion.
Paleozoic
aa
mineral
Greenhouse Effect
32. A sedimentary rock made up of chemical sediments. Example: rock salt.
continental divide
chemical sedimentary rock
volcano
archipelago
33. An earthquake that follows and has its epicenter near a larger earthquake.
rain shadow deserts
aftershock
biogenic sedimentary rock
sinkhole
34. A steep-sided rounded extrusion of highly viscous lava squeezed out from a volcano and forming a dome-shaped or bulbous mass above and around the volcanic vent. The structure generally develops inside a volcanic crater.
ore deposit
decomposition (chemical weathering)
divergent boundary
lava dome
35. Synonym of intrusive. Antonym of volcanic. Applies to igneous rocks formed beneath the surface of the Earth; typically with large crystals due to the slowness of cooling.
plutonic
crater
ablation
hot spot
36. Similar to a groin but built to keep sand out of a harbor entrance.
Mercury
jetty
clastic
eclipse
37. The method of locating an epicenter by determining how far it lies from three widely separated seismographs.
smelting
denudation
escarpment
triangulation
38. A process by which salts accumulate in soil.
constellation
salinization
zone of leaching
magnetic polarity
39. One of several rock-forming minerals that contain at least 95% silica (quartz). and usually one or more other common elements.
silicate
isostatic change in sea level
drainage divide
elevation
40. Soil conditions prevailing in area whose mean annual temperature is 0o C.
greenhouse gases
erosion
body wave
permafrost
41. Pluto is named after the Roman god of the Underworld. No longer considered a planet.
hardness
humid
Pluto
glaciation
42. The principle that states the processes operating to change the Earth in the present also operated in the past.
snow line
suspended load
tectonic Plates
Uniformitarianism
43. The area immediately below the ground surface within which pore spaces are partially filled with water and partially filled with air.
magnetic equator
Galileo
permafrost
zone of aeration
44. A measure of the size of an earthquake in terms of the damage it causes.
magma
intensity
drift
you-shaped valley
45. A measure of the strength of an earthquake based on the amount of movement recorded by a seismograph . compare Richter scale.
magnitude
pothole
basalt
streak
46. Living in water.
aquatic
caldera
archipelago
back swamp
47. A volcano that is composed of alternating layers of lava and pyroclastic material & along with abundant dikes and sills. Viscous & intermediate lava may flow from a central vent. Example: Mt. Fuji in Japan.
dust bowl
intertidal zone
liquefaction
stratovolcano (composite volcano)
48. The portion of the continental margin that lies between the abyssal plain and the continental slope. The continental rise is underlain by crustal rocks of the ocean basin.
continental rise
compression fossil
chalk
aquatic
49. The arrangement of rock units in the proper chronological order from youngest to oldest.
oxbow lake
geologic column
Proxima Centauri
superposition
50. A coral reef attached directly to the mainland.
fringing reef
seismic gap
hardpan
fissure eruption