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Test your basic knowledge |
Earth Science
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Refers to rock or sediments made up primarily of broken fragments of pre-existing rocks or minerals.
crystal
clastic
magnetic equator
creep
2. The straightening and/or deepening of a river channel.
channelization
suspended load
lava dome
outcrop
3. A slide involving a downward and usually sudden movement of newly detached segments of bedrock sliding or slipping over an inclined surface of weakness such as a bedding plane & fault plane & or joint surface.
cone of depression
Greenhouse Effect
metamorphic rock
rockslide (rock avalanche)
4. The sudden fall of one or more large pieces of a rock from a cliff.
rockfall
nutrient
sextant
Venus
5. The process by which ocean floors spread laterally from crests of main ocean ridges. As material moves laterally from the ridge & new material replaces it along the ridge crest by welling upward from the mantle.
water table
pollutant
seafloor spreading
stalagmite
6. A sea level change due to change in load on Earth's crust.
biogenic sediment
continental shelf
wave trough
isostatic change in sea level
7. 1. A low & bowl-shaped area of land surrounded by higher lands. 2. any large depression in which sediments are deposited.
suspension
telescope
basin
beach
8. The two days of the year on which neither hemisphere is tilted toward or away from the sun.
desertification
equinox
bar
peat
9. The effect of water and carbon dioxide absorbing outgoing infrared radiation & raising a system's temperature. The term is generally used with reference to the Earth's temperature & although it can also be applied to other systems & such as greenhous
shoreline
Greenhouse Effect
Sun
ecosystem
10. The part of the crust that directly underlies the continents and continental shelves. Averages about 35 km in thickness & but may be over 70 km thick under largest mountain ranges.
zone of leaching
fringing reef
continental crust
floodplain
11. A broad & mound-like mass of glacier ice that usually spreads radially outward from a central zone.
stalagmite
ice sheet
tectonic Plates
rain shadow deserts
12. The chronological sequence of units of Earth time.
geologic time scale
silicate
oceanic crust
comet
13. The principle that states the processes operating to change the Earth in the present also operated in the past.
seafloor spreading
epicenter
tectonic Plates
Uniformitarianism
14. A post of dripstone growing up from a cave floor.
epicenter
stalagmite
drainage divide
liquefaction
15. In the geologic time scale a unit of time less than an era and greater than an epoch. Example: The Tertiary period was the earliest period in the Cenozoic era and included & among others & the Eocene epoch.
period
magnitude
mantle
salinization
16. Distance over which wave-forming winds blow.
terrestrial
pollutant
fetch
sedimentary rock
17. An area in which a large number of windmills have been erected to generate electrical power.
mineral
telescope
wind farm
estuary
18. 1. Breach in a natural levee . 2. Deep crevice or open fracture in glacier ice.
crevasse
strip mining
desertification
water clarity
19. Living in water.
aquatic
marine Chronometer
continental crust
asthenosphere
20. Temporary accumulations of sediments that collect between low and high water marks.
basaltic
beach
drift
quarrying
21. One of several rock-forming minerals that contain at least 95% silica (quartz). and usually one or more other common elements.
scientific model
moon
silicate
vesicle
22. A delta formed at both sides of a tidal inlet.
region
tidal delta
eon
seismic sea wave (tsunami)
23. A process by which salts accumulate in soil.
surf
salinization
Venus
ozone
24. A narrow strip of land that has water on either side and connects two larger bodies of water.
loess
mid-ocean ridges
fossil
isthmus
25. The generally dark & more or less stable part of the organic matter in a soil & so well decomposed that the original sources cannot be identified.
humus
baseline study
lahar
Andromeda
26. An accumulation of wind driven sand into a distinctive shape.
compass
compass
sand dune
volcanic ash
27. The process of one plate descending beneath another.
loess
subduction
Phanerozoic
superposition
28. An eon of geologic time extending from about 3.9 billion years to 2.5 billion years ago.
archaean
fossil
ground moraine
flash flood
29. A small & dust-bearing whirlwind.
terrestrial
scale
core
dust devil
30. The layer of gases (air) & that surrounds a planet or moon.
runoff
disintegration (mechanical weathering)
trench
atmosphere
31. The condition of equilibrium & comparable to floating & of units of the lithosphere above the asthenosphere.
hardpan
isostasy
wave length
Venus
32. A minor tremor that precedes an earthquake. An increase in seismicity may signal that a major release of strain energy is about to occur.
foreshock
moon
plate
clastic
33. The amount of material a stream carries in suspension.
biogenic sediment
magma
suspended load
ablation
34. That portion of the Earth below the crust and reaching to about 2 &780 km & where a transition zone of about 100 km thickness separates it from the core.
Milky Way
fissure eruption
convection
mantle
35. A coral reef separated from the mainland by a lagoon.
trench
barrier reef
delta
erosion
36. Lies half way between the north and south magnetic poles.
compass Rose
magnetic equator
groundtruthing
plate tectonics
37. The processes (mechanical and chemical) responsible for the wearing away & loosening & and dissolving of materials of the Earth's crust.
back swamp
sod
erosion
solstice
38. Where two plates are moving in opposite directions as in a mid-ocean ridge.
soil
chemical sediment
intrusive
divergent boundary
39. Containing moisture.
Pluto
pollutant
Uniformitarianism
humid
40. 1. A steep-walled & usually conical depression at the summit or on the flanks of a volcano & resulting from the explosive ejection of material from a vent. 2. A bowl-shaped depression with a raised & overturned rim produced by the impact of a meteori
mantle
ozone
crater
decomposition (chemical weathering)
41. A pillar formed as a stalactite and stalagmite meet.
column
swash and back wash
fluctuate
open pit mining
42. The first scientist to make systematic use of the telescope in looking at the heavens.
equinox
Galileo
drought
cave
43. The precipitation that runs directly off the surface to stream or body of standing water.
runoff
glaciation
drainage divide
wind farm
44. The rock beneath the soil.
stratum
atoll
fold
bedrock
45. Enormous & thick sheets of rock that are part of the Earth's upper mantle that move and adjoin each other along zones of seismic activity. Many tectonic plates extend underneath both continents and sea floor.
vesicle
arid
tectonic Plates
levees
46. A depression in the ground formed by the melting of a block of glacier ice buried or partially buried by drift.
kettle
nebula
scale
plate tectonics
47. The very slow & generally continuous downslope movement of soil and debris under the influence of gravity.
creep
superposition
back swamp
rain shadow deserts
48. The portion of the continental margin that lies between the abyssal plain and the continental slope. The continental rise is underlain by crustal rocks of the ocean basin.
basalt
specific gravity
continental rise
telescope
49. The breaking away of ice from the front of the glacier when it ends in a lake or an ocean. Produces icebergs.
calving
ecosystem
archaean
Continntal Drift Theory
50. Igneous. Antonym of intrusive. Synonym of volcanic. Pertaining to igneous rocks or features formed from lava released on the Earth's surface.
stalactite
black smoker
extrusive
tidal inlet