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Test your basic knowledge |
Earth Science
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A famous scientist who proposed that the Sun was the center of the solar system not the Earth. (Heliocentrism)
Copernicus & Nicholas
acid
geology
magnetic equator
2. Sediments produced directly by the life processes of plants or animals.
island arc
biogenic sediment
subduction zone
foreshock
3. Containing moisture.
humid
pothole
thermal spring
oceanic crust
4. Large area of extremely flat ocean floor lying near a continent and generally over 4 km in depth.
abyssal plain
inner core
foreshock
open pit mining
5. Refers to rock or sediments made up primarily of broken fragments of pre-existing rocks or minerals.
clastic
dust devil
sinkhole
cone of depression
6. The amount of material a stream carries in suspension.
focus
body wave
suspended load
ablation
7. The explosion of a dying giant or supergiant star.
dust storm
elevation
loess
nova -- (Supernova)
8. A substance that produces negatively charged hydroxide ions ( OH- ) in water and reacts with acids to form salts.
period
base
habitat
crater
9. Glacial drift composed of rock fragments that range from clay to boulder size and randomly arranged without bedding.
surf
till (unstratified drift)
Greenhouse Effect
outer core
10. A seismic body wave that involves particle motion & alternating compression and expansion & in the direction of wave propagation. It is the fastest seismic wave. compare S-wave .
crystal
storm surge
p- wave (primary wave & compressional wave)
vesicle
11. The process by which ocean floors spread laterally from crests of main ocean ridges. As material moves laterally from the ridge & new material replaces it along the ridge crest by welling upward from the mantle.
seafloor spreading
crystal
stormwater runoff
swash and back wash
12. (Latin- Terra & Greek- Gaia) Earth is named after the ancient Germanic Goddess of the soil. It is the third planet from the Sun.
Earth
neptune
archaean
habitat
13. A minor tremor that precedes an earthquake. An increase in seismicity may signal that a major release of strain energy is about to occur.
foreshock
rapids
cave
star
14. A type of volcanic eruption characterized by nuees ardentes and the development of lava domes.
lahar
satellite
Pelean eruption
axis
15. An aggregate of one or more minerals in varying proportions.
El Nino
rock
escarpment
ice shelf
16. Uranus is named after the Roman god of the sky. It is the seventh planet from the Sun.
viscosity
gravity
Uranus
isthmus
17. The precipitation that runs directly off the surface to stream or body of standing water.
barrier reef
ozone
runoff
mineral deposit
18. The partial or complete blocking from view of one object by another.
zone of leaching
karst
eclipse
arid
19. Geologic time expressed in years before the present.
fracture
absolute time
terrestrial
Pluto
20. The resistance of a mineral to scratching & as measured by the Mohs scale.
wave trough
divergent boundary
hardness
basin
21. The processes of weathering by which physical actions such as frost wedging break down a rock into fragments & involving no chemical change.
satellite
storm surge
disintegration (mechanical weathering)
seismograph
22. A cyclical pattern of movement in a fluid body such as the ocean & the atmosphere & or the Earth's mantle & driven by density variations which in turn are the result of differences in temperature from one part of the fluid to another.
igneous rock
acid rain
solar system
convection cell
23. A wall built out from the shore & usually at perpendicular to it to trap sand carried by longshore currents .
pollutant
lava flood (plateau basalt)
continental divide
groin
24. A rock that has crystallized from a molten state.
igneous rock
oxbow
sand dune
Uniformitarianism
25. No identifiable layers of minerals in a rock sample
core
ore deposit
storm surge
nonfoliated
26. A coral reef separated from the mainland by a lagoon.
global warming
back swamp
barrier reef
mantle
27. A protective wall built offshore and usually parallel to the shore.
basalt
Modified Mercalli Scale
gemstone
breakwater
28. An astronomical instrument for measuring angles & primarily altitude of celestial bodies to determine latitude.
chalk
ice shelf
bar
sextant
29. Igneous. Antonym of intrusive. Synonym of volcanic. Pertaining to igneous rocks or features formed from lava released on the Earth's surface.
ice shelf
Jupiter
nebula
extrusive
30. The perpendicular or very steep descent of a stream.
waterfall
longitude
rockfall
wind farm
31. Igneous. Antonym of intrusive. Synonym of volcanic. Pertaining to igneous rocks or features formed from lava released on the Earth's surface.
karst
Precambrian
extrusive
p- wave (primary wave & compressional wave)
32. The persistence of wind-formed waves after wind ceases.
nova -- (Supernova)
tide
continental divide
swells
33. A hydrocarbon (coal or petroleum) that can be extracted from the Earth for use as a fuel. Fossil fuels are non-renewable energy sources.
atlas
fjord
fossil fuel
baseline study
34. A general term including both oil and natural gas.
cementation
black hole
salinity
petroleum
35. The Earth's crust underlying the ocean basins which is formed at mid-oceanic ridges. It is typically 5 to 10 kilometers thick composed of basalt.
nonfoliated
oceanic crust
salinity
deflation
36. That portion of the Earth below the crust and reaching to about 2 &780 km & where a transition zone of about 100 km thickness separates it from the core.
ablation
quarrying
mantle
viscosity
37. Living on land.
terrestrial
observator
Greenhouse Effect
foliated
38. A natural depression in the surface of the land caused by the collapse of the roof of a cavern or subterranean passage & generally occurring in limestone regions.
till (unstratified drift)
Hadean
absolute time
sinkhole
39. Lies half way between the north and south magnetic poles.
thermal spring
flash flood
magnetic equator
rockfall
40. A segment of an active fault zone that has not experienced a major earthquake during a time period when most other segments of the zone have. They are generally regarded as having a higher potential for future earthquakes.
sandstorm
oceanic trench
seismic gap
geologic column
41. A plate boundary in which plates on opposite sides of the boundary move past each other in opposite directions. The San Andreas fault of California is a good example.
weathering
transform boundary
abyssal plain
tectonic Plates
42. All unconsolidated materials above bedrock. Natural earthy materials on the Earth's surface & in places modified or even made by human activity & containing living matter & and supporting or capable of supporting plants out of doors.
foliated
soil
Precambrian
seismology
43. A unit of length used in sea navigation based on the length of 1 minute of arc on a great circle. On Earth & 1 minute of latitude.
extrusive
nautical mile
asthenosphere
Galileo
44. Sediment formed by chemical precipitation from water. Example: halite precipitated as the result of the evaporation of sea water.
fracture
chemical sediment
nautical mile
runoff
45. Jupiter is named after the Roman king of the gods. It is the fifth planet from the Sun.
solar system
gravity
fjord
Jupiter
46. The very small particles of dirt & soot & and other pollutants that are present in the air.
particulate air pollution
Pangea
transform boundary
reserves
47. Gases (primarily water and carbon dioxide & but also a variety of sulfur and nitrogen compounds and gaseous hydrocarbons) that trap the Sun's heat in the atmosphere.
stratum
greenhouse gases
transcontinental
channelization
48. All of space and everything in it.
outcrop
decomposition (chemical weathering)
wave height
universe
49. That portion of the resources for a valuable mineral commodity that can be extracted from the Earth at a profit today.
reserves
Pluto
urban
geologic column
50. A continuous well-defined mass of material of sufficient ore content to make extraction economically feasible. compare mineral deposit.
rockfall
fetch
oceanic crust
ore deposit