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Test your basic knowledge |
Earth Science
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The rigid outer shell of the Earth. It includes the crust and uppermost mantle and is on the order of 100 km in thickness.
lithosphere
rapids
snow line
solstice
2. The geologic eon lying between the Archean and Phanerozoic eons & beginning about 2.5 billion years ago and ending about 0.57 billion years ago.
ore
humid
seafloor spreading
Proterozoic
3. To change back and forth uncertainly.
tide
fluctuate
outer core
ecosystem
4. A community of plants and/or animals and its physical environment & regarded as a unit.
greenhouse gases
ecosystem
habitat
longitude
5. A substance that produces negatively charged hydroxide ions ( OH- ) in water and reacts with acids to form salts.
cementation
chlorophyll
clast
base
6. An earthquake that follows and has its epicenter near a larger earthquake.
aftershock
peat
compass Rose
barrier reef
7. A device containing a free-swinging magnetic needle that is attracted to Earth's magnetic North Pole. Used to determine direction of travel.
stratum
continental rise
ore
compass
8. Occurs at the intersection of the water table with the ground surface.
galaxy
spring
ozone layer
smelting
9. Molten rock & containing dissolved gases and suspended solid particles. At the Earth's surface & magma is known as lava.
seamount
rock
silicate
magma
10. Applies to igneous rocks that cool on the surface of the Earth & including beneath water; typically with small crystals due to the rapidity of cooling. Synonym of extrusive. Antonym of plutonic.
subduction zone
orogeny
volcanic
solstice
11. The process of mountain building.
jetty
barrier reef
orogeny
compaction
12. An area where fresh water comes into contact with seawater & usually in a partly enclosed coastal body of water; a mix of fresh and salt water where the current of a stream meets the tides.
estuary
basin
plate boundaries
resources
13. Imaginary lines on a map or globe that measure distance in degrees north or south of the equator. Latitude lines extend horizontally & from east to west on a globe.
lithification
mineral
chemical sediment
latitude
14. The two days of the year on which neither hemisphere is tilted toward or away from the sun.
intensity
bar
equinox
universe
15. Forms along a coast as wave erosion cuts through a headland.
arch
dust bowl
sandstorm
crevasse
16. A giant structure that contains hundreds of billions of stars.
asteroid
galaxy
shore
ground moraine
17. A system that uses a constellation of 24 satellites & their ground stations & and individual GPS receivers to accurately locate points on Earth.
watershed
landforms
Global Positioning System (GPS)
convection
18. A rigid segment of the Earth's lithosphere that moves horizontally and adjoins other plates along zones of seismic activity. Plates may include portions of both continents and ocean basins.
shore
Mars
plate
gravity
19. A steep or vertical cliff & either above or below sea level.
conserve
escarpment
acid rain
igneous rock
20. An ingredient in a food or other substance that nourishes or promotes growth.
acid rain
chemical sediment
density
nutrient
21. Any molten material that is extrusive or volcanic & or the rock that forms from a molten extrusive. Molten rock that flows at the Earth's surface.
seismic sea wave (tsunami)
equator
lava
aa
22. A chuck of rock or dust in space.
Precambrian
p- wave (primary wave & compressional wave)
tidal inlet
meteoroid
23. Occurs at the intersection of the water table with the ground surface.
conduction
decomposition (chemical weathering)
spring
scale
24. The initial point within the Earth that ruptures in an earthquake & directly below the epicenter. The point within the Earth which is the center of an earthquake & at which strain energy is first released and converted to elastic wave energy.
wave length
surf
dust storm
focus
25. The color of a mineral in its powdered form obtained from scraping a sample on a ceramic plate
seafloor spreading
streak
Mesozoic
inner core
26. The height of a place above sea level.
continental shelf
hemisphere
elevation
barrier reef
27. The region of a shore that is covered at high tide and exposed at low tide.
nutrient
intertidal zone
acid
subtropical deserts
28. An astronomical instrument for measuring angles & primarily altitude of celestial bodies to determine latitude.
cone of depression
seismic sea wave (tsunami)
sextant
fringing reef
29. A large ridge or mound-like structure within a body of water that is built by calcareous organisms such as corals & red algae & and bivalves.
reef
igneous rock
lava lake
flood
30. The part of the crust that directly underlies the continents and continental shelves. Averages about 35 km in thickness & but may be over 70 km thick under largest mountain ranges.
seismograph
tidal inlet
body wave
continental crust
31. Any accumulation of material & by settling from water or air & chemical precipitation & evaporation from solution & etc.
deposition
fjord
loess
granitic
32. A thick layer of soil.
seismology
clastic
water table
sod
33. A study designed to collect critical data to be used for comparison or as a control in a later study.
baseline study
estuary
rock cycle
basaltic
34. The green pigment in the cells of many plants that enables them to use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates in the process called photosynthesis.
fossil fuel
chlorophyll
Global Positioning System (GPS)
vesicle
35. Refers to rock or sediments made up primarily of broken fragments of pre-existing rocks or minerals.
period
pathogen
nova -- (Supernova)
clastic
36. A ridge of high water associated with a hurricane and which floods over the shore .
transcontinental
storm surge
sextant
stratovolcano (composite volcano)
37. The outermost layer of the Earth & varying in thickness from about 10 kilometers (6 miles) below the oceans & to 65 kilometers (about 40 miles) below the continents; represents less than 1 percent of the Earth's volume.
habitat
Hale-Bopp
magnetic equator
crust
38. Rock formed from the accumulation of sediment & Which may consist of fragments and mineral grains of varying sizes from pre-existing rocks & remains or products of animals and plants & the products of chemical action & or mixtures of these.
sedimentary rock
epoch
siltation
convergent boundary
39. A spring whose temperature is 6.5o C or more above mean annual air temperature.
thermal spring
fossil
seismograph
pathogen
40. The layer of gases (air) & that surrounds a planet or moon.
prairie
barrier reef
atmosphere
seismology
41. Scratches & or small channels & gouged by glacier action. Occur on boulders & pebbles & and bedrock. Striations along bedrock indicate direction of ice movement.
lava lake
Saturn
back swamp
striations
42. Uranus is named after the Roman god of the sky. It is the seventh planet from the Sun.
exotic river
Uranus
telescope
arid
43. The level of light that penetrates through water.
body wave
convergent boundary
seamount
water clarity
44. The part of the crust that directly underlies the continents and continental shelves. Averages about 35 km in thickness & but may be over 70 km thick under largest mountain ranges.
current speed
continental crust
rift (graben)
snow line
45. A general term for a relatively hard layer of soil at or just below the ground surface & cemented by silica & iron oxide & calcium carbonate & or organic matter.
Mercury
soil
hardpan
watershed
46. Turbulent stream water flow down a steep gradient & but not as steep as in a waterfall.
legend
Milky Way
rapids
global warming
47. That portion of the resources for a valuable mineral commodity that can be extracted from the Earth at a profit today.
reserves
pipe
light-year
barrier beaches
48. A protective wall built offshore and usually parallel to the shore.
plate tectonics
breakwater
rainforest
star
49. A process of erosion in which wind carries off particles of dust and sand.
extrusive
delta
plutonic
deflation
50. The line that separates one drainage basin from another.
meteoroid
drainage divide
geologic column
ice shelf