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Earth Science

Subject : science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A process of land degradation initiated by human activity & particularly in the zones along the margins of deserts.






2. The rigid outer shell of the Earth. It includes the crust and uppermost mantle and is on the order of 100 km in thickness.






3. A tool for measuring the relative clarity of water.






4. The great circle on the Earth's surface passing through The North and South Poles & which is considered 0 degrees longitude. The prime meridian passes through Greenwich & England & and is used as a reference point for measuring longitude east and w






5. An era of time during the Phanerozoic eon lasting from 245 million years ago to 66.4 million ago.






6. A depression in the ground formed by the melting of a block of glacier ice buried or partially buried by drift.






7. A hot & gaseous & self-luminous celestial body & as the Sun.






8. The galaxy where Earth is located.






9. A soft compact calcite & CaCO3 & with varying amounts of silica & quartz & feldspar & or other mineral impurities & generally gray-white or yellow-white and derived chiefly from fossil seashells.






10. An era of geologic time lasting from 570 to 245 million years ago.






11. Mercury is named after the Roman messenger of the gods. It is the closest to the Sun.






12. The oldest eon in Earth history & extending from the origin of the Earth to about 3.9 billion years ago.






13. A method of sediment transport in which the turbulence of a fluid is able to keep particles supported in the fluid.






14. Any form of water & such as rain & sleet & or snow & that falls to Earth's surface.






15. A vent on the seafloor from which hydrothermal fluids are emitted. Upon mixing with seawater and cooling & the fluids precipitate a cloud of fine-grained sulfide minerals that resembles a cloud of black smoke.






16. A vent in the surface of the Earth & from which lava & ash & and gases erupt.






17. An icicle-shaped accumulation of dripstone hanging from cave roof.






18. A molecule composed of three atoms of oxygen and mostly found in the stratosphere. Though beneficial in the upper atmosphere & at ground level & ozone is called photochemical smog & and is a respiratory irritant and considered a pollutant.






19. The closest galaxy to the Milky way. It is approximately 2 million light-years away.






20. The Sun with all the celestial bodies that revolve around it.






21. Large area of extremely flat ocean floor lying near a continent and generally over 4 km in depth.






22. To wash or scrub away.






23. Any place where bedrock is visible on the surface of the Earth.






24. A period of dryness & that when prolonged & causes damage to crops; a shortage of water.






25. A large & basin-shaped volcanic depression & more or less circular in form. Typically steep-sided & found at the summit of a shield volcano.






26. The arrangement of rock units in the proper chronological order from youngest to oldest.






27. Either the northern or southern half of the Earth as divided by the equator & or the eastern or western half as divided by a meridian.






28. The process of one plate descending beneath another.






29. In the geologic time scale a unit of time less than an era and greater than an epoch. Example: The Tertiary period was the earliest period in the Cenozoic era and included & among others & the Eocene epoch.






30. The arrangement of rock units in the proper chronological order from youngest to oldest.






31. Objects revolving around the sun that are too small and too numerous to be considered planets.






32. An icicle-shaped accumulation of dripstone hanging from cave roof.






33. A vent on the seafloor from which hydrothermal fluids are emitted. Upon mixing with seawater and cooling & the fluids precipitate a cloud of fine-grained sulfide minerals that resembles a cloud of black smoke.






34. The very small particles of dirt & soot & and other pollutants that are present in the air.






35. A narrow & elongate region in which one lithospheric plate descends relative to another.






36. An earthquake that follows and has its epicenter near a larger earthquake.






37. The study of earthquakes & and of the structure of the Earth by both natural and artificially generated seismic waves.






38. A type of thermal spring which ejects water intermittently with considerable force.






39. A stone or boulder & glacially transported from place of origin and left in an area of different bedrock composition.






40. The two days of the year on which neither hemisphere is tilted toward or away from the sun.






41. A lake in an abandoned meander.






42. Open pit mining & typically for coal.






43. Water that flows across watersheds during and immediately after severe rainstorms. In populated areas & stormwater runoff is often water that cannot be handled by existing sewer systems. Stormwater runoff is the leading source of water pollution in t






44. A plate boundary in which plates on opposite sides of the boundary move past each other in opposite directions. The San Andreas fault of California is a good example.






45. A study designed to collect critical data to be used for comparison or as a control in a later study.






46. A detailed mathematical description of the cause-and-effect relationships between events that can be used to predict or explain other such events.






47. Rock formed from the accumulation of sediment & Which may consist of fragments and mineral grains of varying sizes from pre-existing rocks & remains or products of animals and plants & the products of chemical action & or mixtures of these.






48. A substance that produces negatively charged hydroxide ions ( OH- ) in water and reacts with acids to form salts.






49. A sedimentary rock made up of chemical sediments. Example: rock salt.






50. A rigid segment of the Earth's lithosphere that moves horizontally and adjoins other plates along zones of seismic activity. Plates may include portions of both continents and ocean basins.







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