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Earth Science

Subject : science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. In the geologic time scale a unit of time less than an era and greater than an epoch. Example: The Tertiary period was the earliest period in the Cenozoic era and included & among others & the Eocene epoch.






2. The process by which ocean floors spread laterally from crests of main ocean ridges. As material moves laterally from the ridge & new material replaces it along the ridge crest by welling upward from the mantle.






3. A layer of sedimentary rock; plural is strata.






4. An artificial hill formed by the debris of successive human settlements.






5. Deep steep-sided depression in the ocean floor caused by the subduction of oceanic crust beneath either other oceanic crust or continental crust.






6. Imaginary lines on a map or globe that measure distance in degrees east or west of the prime meridian. Longitude lines extend vertically & from pole to pole on a globe.






7. Elongated rises on the ocean floor where basalt periodically erupts & forming new oceanic crust.






8. The environment where a particular plant or animal is normally found.






9. A type of volcanic eruption characterized by nuees ardentes and the development of lava domes.






10. Any of various minerals prized for beauty & durability & and rarity. A few noncrystalline materials of organic origin (e.g. & pearl & red coral & and amber) also are classified as gemstones.






11. All of space and everything in it.






12. All unconsolidated materials above bedrock. Natural earthy materials on the Earth's surface & in places modified or even made by human activity & containing living matter & and supporting or capable of supporting plants out of doors.






13. To wash or scrub away.






14. Either the northern or southern half of the Earth as divided by the equator & or the eastern or western half as divided by a meridian.






15. A large area of flat or nearly flat land.






16. A narrow & elongate region in which one lithospheric plate descends relative to another.






17. A group of stars that appear to make a pattern in the sky. The Big Dipper is a constellation.






18. Lacking in rainfall & very dry.






19. A Hawaiian term for a basaltic lava flow with a smooth & or ropy surface.






20. A device built to study distant objects by making them appear closer.






21. A thickened elevated region of Earth's crust that is mainly (but not entirely) above sea level.






22. Uranus is named after the Roman god of the sky. It is the seventh planet from the Sun.






23. A ridge of high water associated with a hurricane and which floods over the shore .






24. The most recent eon of geologic time beginning 570 million years ago and continuing to the present.






25. Flat land covered with tall grass and wildflowers.






26. 1. Breach in a natural levee . 2. Deep crevice or open fracture in glacier ice.






27. The weak or 'soft' zone in the upper mantle just below the lithosphere & involved in plate movement and isostatic adjustments. It lies 70 to 100 km below the surface and may extend to a depth of 400 km.






28. A flood that rises and falls very rapidly.






29. A large volume of dust-sized particles lifted high into the atmosphere.






30. The low spot between two successive waves.






31. A measure of the strength of an earthquake based on the amount of movement recorded by a seismograph . compare Richter scale.






32. The remains of an extremely massive star pulled into a small volume by the force of gravity.






33. Any molten material that is extrusive or volcanic & or the rock that forms from a molten extrusive. Molten rock that flows at the Earth's surface.






34. The average weather conditions of an area over many years & as measured by temperature & wind speed & and precipitation.






35. Rock formed from the accumulation of sediment & Which may consist of fragments and mineral grains of varying sizes from pre-existing rocks & remains or products of animals and plants & the products of chemical action & or mixtures of these.






36. A delta formed at both sides of a tidal inlet.






37. A hydrocarbon (coal or petroleum) that can be extracted from the Earth for use as a fuel. Fossil fuels are non-renewable energy sources.






38. A general term including both oil and natural gas.






39. A narrow & elongate region in which one lithospheric plate descends relative to another.






40. The dust-sized & sharp-edged & glassy particles resulting from an explosive volcanic eruption.






41. A thickened elevated region of Earth's crust that is mainly (but not entirely) above sea level.






42. A cavity in a lava & formed by the entrapment of a gas bubble during solidification of the lava.






43. The primary division of geologic time which are & from oldest to youngest & the Hadean & Archean & Proterozoic & and Phanerozoic eons.






44. The effect of water and carbon dioxide absorbing outgoing infrared radiation & raising a system's temperature. The term is generally used with reference to the Earth's temperature & although it can also be applied to other systems & such as greenhous






45. The seaward edge of coast between low tide and effective wave action.






46. Any solid material that has settled out of a state of suspension in liquid.






47. The current geologic era & which began 66.4 million years ago and continues to the present.






48. The great circle on the Earth's surface passing through The North and South Poles & which is considered 0 degrees longitude. The prime meridian passes through Greenwich & England & and is used as a reference point for measuring longitude east and w






49. The science that deals with the study of the planet Earth--the materials of which it is made & the processes that act to change these materials from one form to another & and the history recorded by these materials; the forces acting to deform the ou






50. A valley caused by extension of the Earth's crust. Its floor forms as a portion of the crust moves downward along normal faults.