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Test your basic knowledge |
Earth Science
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A process by which salts accumulate in soil.
moon
salinization
viscosity
waterfall
2. The color of a mineral in its powdered form obtained from scraping a sample on a ceramic plate
seastack
Galileo
petroleum
streak
3. The point on the Earth's surface where a magnetic needle points vertically downward (north magnetic pole) or vertically upward (south magnetic pole).
magnetic pole
core
body wave
tectonic Plates
4. An accumulation of wind driven sand into a distinctive shape.
levees
erosion
ozone layer
sand dune
5. A famous scientist who proposed that the Sun was the center of the solar system not the Earth. (Heliocentrism)
Copernicus & Nicholas
sedimentary rock
hydrologic cycle
glacier
6. The surface between the zone of saturation and the zone of aeration.
water table
fjord
lahar
mineral
7. A large & basin-shaped volcanic depression & more or less circular in form. Typically steep-sided & found at the summit of a shield volcano.
orogeny
nonfoliated
caldera
meander
8. Shapes & like mountains or hills that make up the Earth's surface.
legend
rock
landforms
aquifer
9. The process by which building stone & usually in blocks or sheets & is extracted from the Earth. radiation -- (Electromagnetic radiation) -- energy that travels through space in the form of waves without the intervention of matter & as in the transp
ozone layer
Hale-Bopp
quarrying
wave crest
10. Any porous and permeable rock that yields oil or natural gas.
aquatic
crevasse
plutonic
reservoir rock
11. A steep or vertical cliff & either above or below sea level.
pothole
Proxima Centauri
geyser
escarpment
12. The principle that states the processes operating to change the Earth in the present also operated in the past.
wave length
Uniformitarianism
oceanic trench
ozone layer
13. A valley caused by extension of the Earth's crust. Its floor forms as a portion of the crust moves downward along normal faults.
isostasy
rift (graben)
conserve
stratum
14. The great circle on the Earth's surface passing through The North and South Poles & which is considered 0 degrees longitude. The prime meridian passes through Greenwich & England & and is used as a reference point for measuring longitude east and w
Andromeda
solstice
rainforest
Prime Meridian
15. An instrument used to measure the speed of wind.
aquifer
anemometer
Pelean eruption
sod
16. A region of high heat flow on the Earth's surface & thought to lie above a mantle plume .
zone of leaching
hemisphere
drift
hot spot
17. The distance between two successive wave crests or troughs.
wave length
nutrient
wind farm
loess
18. A disease-causing organism or entity & such as a bacterium or virus.
continental shelf
humid
tide
pathogen
19. Any solid material that has settled out of a state of suspension in liquid.
crust
sediment
Pangea
archipelago
20. A person who makes maps.
cartographer
sandstorm
till (unstratified drift)
pahoehoe
21. A sedimentary rock composed primarily of biogenic sediments.
biogenic sedimentary rock
rockfall
body wave
water table
22. A process of erosion in which wind carries off particles of dust and sand.
deflation
conduction
divergent boundary
focus
23. The generally dark & more or less stable part of the organic matter in a soil & so well decomposed that the original sources cannot be identified.
humus
sandstorm
zone of saturation
cleavage
24. A building that contains one or more telescopes.
observator
permafrost
dust storm
Pluto
25. The closest galaxy to the Milky way. It is approximately 2 million light-years away.
zone of leaching
chlorophyll
Andromeda
density
26. The point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake.
vesicle
epicenter
compass Rose
p- wave (primary wave & compressional wave)
27. A geometrical form taken by a mineral & giving external expression to orderly internal atomic arrangement.
mid-ocean ridges
crystal
pyroclastic
intrusive
28. A large amount of gas and dust in space & spread out in an immense volume.
nebula
silicate
Earth
streak
29. A sedimentary rock made up of chemical sediments. Example: rock salt.
cinder cone
crystal
orogeny
chemical sedimentary rock
30. Uranus is named after the Roman god of the sky. It is the seventh planet from the Sun.
isostasy
oceanic trench
Uranus
lava dome
31. A steep-sided rounded extrusion of highly viscous lava squeezed out from a volcano and forming a dome-shaped or bulbous mass above and around the volcanic vent. The structure generally develops inside a volcanic crater.
fissure eruption
plain
global warming
lava dome
32. A spring whose temperature is 6.5o C or more above mean annual air temperature.
fold
Galileo
meteoroid
thermal spring
33. An imaginary circle around the earth that represents the halfway mark between the North and South Poles and establishes the boundary between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.
scour
pathogen
equator
subtropical deserts
34. Pertaining to clastic material formed by volcanic explosion or aerial expulsion from a volcanic vent.
coast
pyroclastic
erosion
water table
35. The portion of the continental margin that extends as a gently sloping surface from the shoreline seaward to a marked change in slope at the top of the continental slope . Seaward depth averages about 130 m.
pathogen
continental shelf
snow line
island arc
36. A naturally occurring inorganic solid that has a well-defined chemical composition and in which atoms are arranged in an ordered fashion.
mineral
compaction
arid
erosion
37. The layer of gases (air) & that surrounds a planet or moon.
cartographer
hardness
swash and back wash
atmosphere
38. A term applied to large areas of basaltic lava presumably extruded from fissures.
lava flood (plateau basalt)
calving
shore
rain shadow deserts
39. Highly mafic igneous volcanic rock & typically fine-grained and dark in color; rough volcanic equivalent of gabbro. Basalt is the most abundant volcanic rock in the Earth's crust.
outer core
rain shadow deserts
basalt
crater
40. Large area of extremely flat ocean floor lying near a continent and generally over 4 km in depth.
icecap
frost wedging
abyssal plain
dust bowl
41. Mountains & characterized by extensive folding and thrust faulting & that form at convergent plate boundaries on continents.
fold and thrust mountains
subduction zone
atlas
latitude
42. The outermost layer of the Earth & varying in thickness from about 10 kilometers (6 miles) below the oceans & to 65 kilometers (about 40 miles) below the continents; represents less than 1 percent of the Earth's volume.
crust
stratification
convection cell
pyroclastic
43. Turbulent stream water flow down a steep gradient & but not as steep as in a waterfall.
rapids
fossil
reef
elevation
44. Formed when an organism is flattened (compressed) and a thin film of organic material from its body is left in the rock.
divergent boundary
karst
escarpment
compression fossil
45. The height of a place above sea level.
subduction zone
fault
arch
elevation
46. The perpendicular or very steep descent of a stream.
waterfall
prairie
lava
plate tectonics
47. Synonym of intrusive. Antonym of volcanic. Applies to igneous rocks formed beneath the surface of the Earth; typically with large crystals due to the slowness of cooling.
shield volcano
salinity
cleavage
plutonic
48. A study designed to collect critical data to be used for comparison or as a control in a later study.
archaean
baseline study
ecosystem
comet
49. 1. A mass of sand & gravel & or alluvium deposited on the bed of a stream & sea & or lake & or at the mouth of a stream 2. A unit of pressure & approximately equal to atmospheric pressure at sea level.
meander
oceanic trench
bar
sedimentary rock
50. The level of light that penetrates through water.
water clarity
baseline study
drainage basin
seismic sea wave (tsunami)