Test your basic knowledge |

Earth Science

Subject : science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The chronological sequence of units of Earth time.






2. The portion of the continental margin that extends as a gently sloping surface from the shoreline seaward to a marked change in slope at the top of the continental slope . Seaward depth averages about 130 m.






3. Pertaining to clastic material formed by volcanic explosion or aerial expulsion from a volcanic vent.






4. The sum of the processes that result in the wearing away or the progressive lowering of the Earth's surface by weathering & erosion & mass wasting & and transportation.






5. A vertical conduit through the Earth's crust below a volcano & through Which magma has passed.






6. 1. A mass of sand & gravel & or alluvium deposited on the bed of a stream & sea & or lake & or at the mouth of a stream 2. A unit of pressure & approximately equal to atmospheric pressure at sea level.






7. The great circle on the Earth's surface passing through The North and South Poles & which is considered 0 degrees longitude. The prime meridian passes through Greenwich & England & and is used as a reference point for measuring longitude east and w






8. A mound or ridge of sediment deposited by a glacier.






9. A sharp bend & loop or turn in a stream's course. When abandoned & it is called a meander scar or an oxbow.






10. Uranus is named after the Roman god of the sky. It is the seventh planet from the Sun.






11. The method of locating an epicenter by determining how far it lies from three widely separated seismographs.






12. Imaginary lines on a map or globe that measure distance in degrees north or south of the equator. Latitude lines extend horizontally & from east to west on a globe.






13. The science that deals with the study of the planet Earth--the materials of which it is made & the processes that act to change these materials from one form to another & and the history recorded by these materials; the forces acting to deform the ou






14. The process by which a binding & or cementing & agent is precipitated in spaces among individual particles of a deposit. Common cementing agents are calcite & quartz & and dolomite.






15. All unconsolidated materials above bedrock. Natural earthy materials on the Earth's surface & in places modified or even made by human activity & containing living matter & and supporting or capable of supporting plants out of doors.






16. Enormous & thick sheets of rock that are part of the Earth's upper mantle that move and adjoin each other along zones of seismic activity. Many tectonic plates extend underneath both continents and sea floor.






17. A system that uses a constellation of 24 satellites & their ground stations & and individual GPS receivers to accurately locate points on Earth.






18. The outermost part of the core. It is liquid & about 1 &700 km thick & and separated from the inner & solid core by a transition zone about 565 km thick.






19. Of or relating to or containing basalt & a dark & dense & extrusive rock that has a silica content of 40% to 50% and makes up most of the ocean floor.






20. A fracture or zone of fractures along the boundaries of tectonic plates where movement has taken place.






21. That portion of the resources for a valuable mineral commodity that can be extracted from the Earth at a profit today.






22. A steep or vertical cliff & either above or below sea level.






23. Extending across a continent.






24. A mound or ridge of sediment deposited by a glacier.






25. A supercontinent that existed from the Jurassic to Early Tertiary after splitting from Pangea; composed of Laurentia & Baltica & Avalonia & (modern North America & Scandinavia & Greenland & Western and Central Europe); eventually fragmented into Eur






26. Any object that revolves around another object in space.






27. Water that flows across watersheds during and immediately after severe rainstorms. In populated areas & stormwater runoff is often water that cannot be handled by existing sewer systems. Stormwater runoff is the leading source of water pollution in t






28. The outermost layer of the Earth & varying in thickness from about 10 kilometers (6 miles) below the oceans & to 65 kilometers (about 40 miles) below the continents; represents less than 1 percent of the Earth's volume.






29. The relationship between distances in the area being mapped and distances in the map itself.






30. Refers to rock or sediments made up primarily of broken fragments of pre-existing rocks or minerals.






31. The process by which a binding & or cementing & agent is precipitated in spaces among individual particles of a deposit. Common cementing agents are calcite & quartz & and dolomite.






32. Any seismic wave that travels through the body of Earth & rather than along its surface.






33. A volcano that is composed of alternating layers of lava and pyroclastic material & along with abundant dikes and sills. Viscous & intermediate lava may flow from a central vent. Example: Mt. Fuji in Japan.






34. A substance that produces positively charged hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water.






35. The formation & advance and retreat of glaciers and the results of these activities.






36. A group of stars that appear to make a pattern in the sky. The Big Dipper is a constellation.






37. In the geologic time scale a unit of time less than an era and greater than an epoch. Example: The Tertiary period was the earliest period in the Cenozoic era and included & among others & the Eocene epoch.






38. Turbulent stream water flow down a steep gradient & but not as steep as in a waterfall.






39. A system involving continuous interaction of the solid Earth & the atmosphere & the oceans and living things.






40. The processes (mechanical and chemical) responsible for the wearing away & loosening & and dissolving of materials of the Earth's crust.






41. Elongated rises on the ocean floor where basalt periodically erupts & forming new oceanic crust.






42. The speed at which water flows.






43. The zone below the zone of aeration in which all pore spaces are filled with water.






44. Living in water.






45. Till deposited from main body of glacier during ablation.






46. An area subject to dust storms & especially south central United States .






47. The effect of water and carbon dioxide absorbing outgoing infrared radiation & raising a system's temperature. The term is generally used with reference to the Earth's temperature & although it can also be applied to other systems & such as greenhous






48. The primary division of geologic time which are & from oldest to youngest & the Hadean & Archean & Proterozoic & and Phanerozoic eons.






49. Weathering processes that are the result of chemical reactions. Example: the transformation of orthoclase to kaolinite.






50. The level of light that penetrates through water.