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Test your basic knowledge |
Earth Science
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An atmospheric shield providing the Earth with protection from ultra-violet rays which can cause sun burn & skin cancer and the destruction of the delicate plant life which supports the planet's food chain.
era
aquatic
ozone layer
karst
2. A soft compact calcite & CaCO3 & with varying amounts of silica & quartz & feldspar & or other mineral impurities & generally gray-white or yellow-white and derived chiefly from fossil seashells.
atmosphere
Modified Mercalli Scale
chalk
hydrologic cycle
3. The initial point within the Earth that ruptures in an earthquake & directly below the epicenter. The point within the Earth which is the center of an earthquake & at which strain energy is first released and converted to elastic wave energy.
plain
wave length
focus
mineral
4. A measure of the size of an earthquake in terms of the damage it causes.
legend
intensity
ecosystem
tidal delta
5. Any of various minerals prized for beauty & durability & and rarity. A few noncrystalline materials of organic origin (e.g. & pearl & red coral & and amber) also are classified as gemstones.
lava
nautical mile
Proterozoic
gemstone
6. A volcanic mountain on the seafloor. If flat-topped & it is a guyot.
levees
karst
water table
seamount
7. Evidence in rock of the presence of past life & such as a dinosaur bone & an ancient clam shell & or the footprint of a long-extinct animal as well as life history artifacts.
rock
orogeny
fossil
cave
8. Forms along a coast as wave erosion cuts through a headland.
constellation
denudation
arch
chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's)
9. The prediction that climate will warm as a result of the addition to the atmosphere of humanly produced greenhouse gases.
Mercury
snow line
global warming
specific gravity
10. A region of high heat flow on the Earth's surface & thought to lie above a mantle plume .
nutrient
cone of depression
hot spot
delta
11. A giant structure that contains hundreds of billions of stars.
eustatic change in sea level
legend
plain
galaxy
12. A glaciated valley now flooded by the sea.
fjord
estuary
magnetic polarity
acid rain
13. The very small particles of dirt & soot & and other pollutants that are present in the air.
bar
particulate air pollution
plate
hemisphere
14. Temporary accumulations of sediments that collect between low and high water marks.
basalt
orogeny
steppe
beach
15. Property possessed by certain rocks of breaking with relative ease along parallel planes or nearly parallel surfaces in their crystal structures where the bonds are weakest.
arid
cleavage
oxbow lake
jetty
16. Till deposited from main body of glacier during ablation.
mid-ocean ridges
plain
ground moraine
Greenhouse Effect
17. A coral reef separated from the mainland by a lagoon.
galaxy
back swamp
fjord
barrier reef
18. A slide involving a downward and usually sudden movement of newly detached segments of bedrock sliding or slipping over an inclined surface of weakness such as a bedding plane & fault plane & or joint surface.
reservoir rock
rockslide (rock avalanche)
seismic gap
swells
19. The generally dark & more or less stable part of the organic matter in a soil & so well decomposed that the original sources cannot be identified.
marine Chronometer
barrier beaches
zone of leaching
humus
20. A supercontinent that existed from the Jurassic to Early Tertiary after splitting from Pangea; composed of Laurentia & Baltica & Avalonia & (modern North America & Scandinavia & Greenland & Western and Central Europe); eventually fragmented into Eur
cartographer
seismology
isthmus
Laurasia
21. A deposit of partly decayed plant remains in a very wet environment; marsh or swamp deposit of plant remains containing more than 50 percent carbon.
stalagmite
peat
salinization
cleavage
22. The zone below the zone of aeration in which all pore spaces are filled with water.
caldera
Earth system
zone of saturation
Greenhouse Effect
23. All of space and everything in it.
universe
peat
oxbow lake
lava dome
24. (Latin- Terra & Greek- Gaia) Earth is named after the ancient Germanic Goddess of the soil. It is the third planet from the Sun.
Earth
isostatic change in sea level
Mercury
fault
25. A natural depression in the surface of the land caused by the collapse of the roof of a cavern or subterranean passage & generally occurring in limestone regions.
geology
seismology
sinkhole
arid
26. Where two plates collide to form mountains.
clast
cartographer
Pluto
collisional Boundary
27. A substance that produces negatively charged hydroxide ions ( OH- ) in water and reacts with acids to form salts.
base
glacier
fold and thrust mountains
atmosphere
28. A narrow strip of land along the margin of the ocean extending inland for a variable distance from low water mark.
solstice
constellation
coast
ice shelf
29. A rock changed from its original form and/or composition by heat & pressure &shearing stress & or chemically active fluids & or some combination of them.
pH
metamorphic rock
water table
stratovolcano (composite volcano)
30. That portion of the Earth below the crust and reaching to about 2 &780 km & where a transition zone of about 100 km thickness separates it from the core.
reservoir rock
mantle
sand dune
open pit mining
31. The transformation of a soil from a solid to a liquid state as the result of increased pore pressure.
suspension
liquefaction
ozone
plutonic
32. A ridge of high water associated with a hurricane and which floods over the shore .
till (unstratified drift)
eustatic change in sea level
sediment
storm surge
33. Water beneath the Earth's surface.
cementation
atmosphere
ground water
erratic
34. The portion of the continental margin that lies between the abyssal plain and the continental slope. The continental rise is underlain by crustal rocks of the ocean basin.
ground water
drainage basin
convection cell
continental rise
35. As applied to glacier ice & the process by which ice below the snow line is wasted by evaporation and melting.
strip mining
ablation
s- wave (secondary wave & shear wave)
eclipse
36. An accumulation of wind driven sand into a distinctive shape.
trench
black smoker
moon
sand dune
37. The part of the crust that directly underlies the continents and continental shelves. Averages about 35 km in thickness & but may be over 70 km thick under largest mountain ranges.
natural resources
aftershock
continental crust
fold
38. Turbulent stream water flow down a steep gradient & but not as steep as in a waterfall.
climate
rockslide (rock avalanche)
rain shadow deserts
rapids
39. Elongated rises on the ocean floor where basalt periodically erupts & forming new oceanic crust.
channelization
decomposition (chemical weathering)
flood
mid-ocean ridges
40. Any of various minerals prized for beauty & durability & and rarity. A few noncrystalline materials of organic origin (e.g. & pearl & red coral & and amber) also are classified as gemstones.
Pangea
gemstone
scale
foreshock
41. A pillar formed as a stalactite and stalagmite meet.
crater
column
terrestrial
estuary
42. A vent on the seafloor from which hydrothermal fluids are emitted. Upon mixing with seawater and cooling & the fluids precipitate a cloud of fine-grained sulfide minerals that resembles a cloud of black smoke.
satellite
black smoker
desertification
subduction
43. Banks of sand and silt along stream bank built by deposition in small increments during successive floods.
Proxima Centauri
snow line
levees
Pelean eruption
44. An abandoned meander .
foreshock
absolute time
Andromeda
oxbow
45. Any object that revolves around another object in space.
trench
satellite
telescope
pollutant
46. A building that contains one or more telescopes.
observator
erosion
denudation
rift (graben)
47. A general term including both oil and natural gas.
pyroclastic
sand dune
nebula
petroleum
48. A measure of the size of an earthquake in terms of the damage it causes.
divergent boundary
chemical sediment
intensity
luster
49. A fracture or zone of fractures along the boundaries of tectonic plates where movement has taken place.
fault
nautical mile
bedrock
transform boundary
50. 1. A steep-walled & usually conical depression at the summit or on the flanks of a volcano & resulting from the explosive ejection of material from a vent. 2. A bowl-shaped depression with a raised & overturned rim produced by the impact of a meteori
crystal
base
atmosphere
crater