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Test your basic knowledge |
Earth Science
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Imaginary lines on a map or globe that measure distance in degrees east or west of the prime meridian. Longitude lines extend vertically & from pole to pole on a globe.
reservoir rock
you-shaped valley
longitude
comet
2. A hot & gaseous & self-luminous celestial body & as the Sun.
star
abyssal plain
delta
neptune
3. The attractive force between two objects; its magnitude depends on their masses and the distance between them.
eustatic change in sea level
frost wedging
s- wave (secondary wave & shear wave)
gravity
4. A deposit of partly decayed plant remains in a very wet environment; marsh or swamp deposit of plant remains containing more than 50 percent carbon.
fold and thrust mountains
density
peat
galaxy
5. The science that deals with the study of the planet Earth--the materials of which it is made & the processes that act to change these materials from one form to another & and the history recorded by these materials; the forces acting to deform the ou
lithosphere
salinity
basin
geology
6. An area where fresh water comes into contact with seawater & usually in a partly enclosed coastal body of water; a mix of fresh and salt water where the current of a stream meets the tides.
storm surge
wave trough
biogenic sediment
estuary
7. The symbol used on a map to indicate directions & both cardinal and ordinal.
crust
compass Rose
subduction
Copernicus & Nicholas
8. Lava extruded beneath water characterized by pillow shapes.
resources
caldera
Pillow Lava
caldera
9. A narrow strip of land that has water on either side and connects two larger bodies of water.
basin
epoch
isthmus
escarpment
10. A waste material that contaminates air & water & or soil.
pollutant
cone of depression
seamount
archaean
11. A detailed mathematical description of the cause-and-effect relationships between events that can be used to predict or explain other such events.
scientific model
era
surf
region
12. A type of disintegration in which jointed rock is forced apart by the expansion of water as it freezes in fractures.
particulate air pollution
frost wedging
fissure eruption
vesicle
13. Glacial drift composed of rock fragments that range from clay to boulder size and randomly arranged without bedding.
stratification
till (unstratified drift)
kettle
sedimentary rock
14. The resistance of a mineral to scratching & as measured by the Mohs scale.
zone of saturation
crust
hardness
weathering
15. A commonly used scale of earthquake intensity.
fringing reef
fjord
pyroclastic
Modified Mercalli Scale
16. A volcanic mountain on the seafloor. If flat-topped & it is a guyot.
pollutant
eon
seamount
hardness
17. Molten rock & containing dissolved gases and suspended solid particles. At the Earth's surface & magma is known as lava.
magma
nova -- (Supernova)
glaciation
asthenosphere
18. Mars is named after the Roman god of war. It is the fourth planet from the Sun.
karst
Mars
Richter scale
scientific model
19. The tectonic region in which two plates meet.
geology
groundtruthing
boundary
karst
20. A type of volcanic eruption characterized by nuees ardentes and the development of lava domes.
Pelean eruption
till (unstratified drift)
isostasy
chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's)
21. A coral reef attached directly to the mainland.
oxbow
lithosphere
drought
fringing reef
22. Any solid material that has settled out of a state of suspension in liquid.
chemical sedimentary rock
sediment
Phanerozoic
salinity
23. The reserves of a valuable mineral commodity plus all other mineral deposits that may eventually become available & even those that are presumed to exist but have not yet been discovered and those that are not economically or technologically exploita
asteroid
seamount
fossil fuel
resources
24. A large & basin-shaped volcanic depression & more or less circular in form. Typically steep-sided & found at the summit of a shield volcano.
Copernicus & Nicholas
continental crust
caldera
Mesozoic
25. The upper horizons in a soil & through which gravitational moisture travels & removing soluble decomposition products.
seismograph
zone of leaching
reservoir rock
continental crust
26. A broad & deep & generally straight furrow carved in bed rock by the abrasive action of debris embedded in a moving glacier. Larger and deeper than a glacial striation.
scientific model
groove
biogenic sedimentary rock
escarpment
27. A hydrocarbon (coal or petroleum) that can be extracted from the Earth for use as a fuel. Fossil fuels are non-renewable energy sources.
drainage divide
sandstorm
El Nino
fossil fuel
28. A collection of maps.
specific gravity
atlas
outer core
aquatic
29. Similar to a groin but built to keep sand out of a harbor entrance.
Mars
seamount
jetty
Uranus
30. Living parts of the environment that can renew or replace themselves.
renewable resources
Hadean
scientific model
focus
31. An ingredient in a food or other substance that nourishes or promotes growth.
Greenhouse Effect
thermal spring
nutrient
body wave
32. The zones of seismic activity long which plates are in contact.
eon
plate boundaries
kettle
Pillow Lava
33. The amount of material a stream carries in suspension.
suspended load
convection cell
weathering
bedrock
34. In a stream & the volume of water passing through a channel in a given time.
magma
pathogen
drainage divide
discharge
35. The most recent eon of geologic time beginning 570 million years ago and continuing to the present.
Phanerozoic
triangulation
stratovolcano (composite volcano)
fossil fuel
36. The theory of Plate Tectonics states that the Earth's crust is fragmented into a dozen or more large and small pieces floating on a semi-molten mantle.
plate tectonics
subduction
strip mining
continental crust
37. Applies to igneous rocks that cool on the surface of the Earth & including beneath water; typically with small crystals due to the rapidity of cooling. Synonym of extrusive. Antonym of plutonic.
oceanic trench
wave crest
volcanic
convection cell
38. Woodland that usually gets at least 100 inches of rain each year.
conserve
rainforest
water table
glaciation
39. The two days of the year on which neither hemisphere is tilted toward or away from the sun.
asthenosphere
archipelago
inertia
equinox
40. 1. Breach in a natural levee . 2. Deep crevice or open fracture in glacier ice.
crevasse
transform boundary
abyssal plain
kettle
41. A vent on the seafloor from which hydrothermal fluids are emitted. Upon mixing with seawater and cooling & the fluids precipitate a cloud of fine-grained sulfide minerals that resembles a cloud of black smoke.
greenhouse gases
black smoker
primary productivity
base
42. The point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake.
aa
isthmus
epicenter
satellite
43. A rigid segment of the Earth's lithosphere that moves horizontally and adjoins other plates along zones of seismic activity. Plates may include portions of both continents and ocean basins.
period
swells
rock
plate
44. A geometrical form taken by a mineral & giving external expression to orderly internal atomic arrangement.
mid-ocean ridges
crystal
superposition
Gondwana
45. A thick layer of soil.
sod
tidal inlet
rock cycle
continental shelf
46. A minor tremor that precedes an earthquake. An increase in seismicity may signal that a major release of strain energy is about to occur.
foreshock
atlas
inner core
shield volcano
47. A process of erosion in which wind carries off particles of dust and sand.
ground water
Precambrian
waterfall
deflation
48. A mound or ridge of sediment deposited by a glacier.
nutrient
stratification
moraine
denudation
49. A Hawaiian term for a lava flow that has a rough & jagged surface.
aa
wave crest
magnetic equator
exotic river
50. A narrow strip of land along the margin of the ocean extending inland for a variable distance from low water mark.
fold
fissure eruption
Cenozoic
coast