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Test your basic knowledge |
Earth Science
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Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A building that contains one or more telescopes.
viscosity
cave
observator
conduction
2. An instrument that detects & magnifies & and records vibrations of the Earth & especially earthquakes.
seismograph
thermal spring
continental shelf
plain
3. A reverse fault on which the dip angle of the fault plane is 15 degrees or less.
urban
atlas
continental shelf
thrust fault
4. Water that flows across watersheds during and immediately after severe rainstorms. In populated areas & stormwater runoff is often water that cannot be handled by existing sewer systems. Stormwater runoff is the leading source of water pollution in t
stormwater runoff
wave trough
jetty
solstice
5. To change back and forth uncertainly.
atoll
convection cell
cave
fluctuate
6. Produced as a wave steepens and falls forward as the wave nears the shore.
surf
inertia
subduction
wind farm
7. The perpendicular or very steep descent of a stream.
hardpan
groundtruthing
waterfall
thermal spring
8. The environment where a particular plant or animal is normally found.
abundant metal
habitat
compass Rose
rain shadow deserts
9. Objects revolving around the sun that are too small and too numerous to be considered planets.
habitat
asteroid
Proterozoic
inertia
10. A type of disintegration in which jointed rock is forced apart by the expansion of water as it freezes in fractures.
salinity
strip mining
sedimentary rock
frost wedging
11. A region of high heat flow on the Earth's surface & thought to lie above a mantle plume .
asteroid
hot spot
dust storm
crystal
12. The innermost zone of Earth. It consists of two parts & an outer liquid section and an inner solid section & both chiefly of iron and nickel with about 10 percent lighter elements. It is surrounded by the mantle.
core
shoreline
smelting
barrier beaches
13. A commonly used scale of earthquake intensity.
pH
star
Modified Mercalli Scale
floodplain
14. A lake of lava & usually basaltic & in a volcanic caldera.
barrier reef
rockfall
smelting
lava lake
15. A conical volcano formed by the accumulation of pyroclastic debris around a vent.
mineral
cinder cone
zone of aeration
inertia
16. A cyclical pattern of movement in a fluid body such as the ocean & the atmosphere & or the Earth's mantle & driven by density variations which in turn are the result of differences in temperature from one part of the fluid to another.
convection cell
asthenosphere
dust devil
Pillow Lava
17. A sedimentary rock made up of chemical sediments. Example: rock salt.
solar system
watershed
chemical sedimentary rock
swells
18. The sum of the processes that result in the wearing away or the progressive lowering of the Earth's surface by weathering & erosion & mass wasting & and transportation.
denudation
caldera
aftershock
open pit mining
19. The geologic eon lying between the Archean and Phanerozoic eons & beginning about 2.5 billion years ago and ending about 0.57 billion years ago.
Proterozoic
baseline study
scientific model
cartographer
20. A mudflow composed chiefly of pyroclastic material on the flanks of a volcano.
axis
lahar
marine Chronometer
magnetic polarity
21. A broad & deep & generally straight furrow carved in bed rock by the abrasive action of debris embedded in a moving glacier. Larger and deeper than a glacial striation.
crater
crevasse
groove
nebula
22. The line formed by the intersection of the axial plane of a fold with a bedding plane & marking where the bed shows its maximum curvature.
axis
magnitude
storm surge
star
23. Either the northern or southern half of the Earth as divided by the equator & or the eastern or western half as divided by a meridian.
stratification
hemisphere
permafrost
geologic time scale
24. Of or relating to or containing basalt & a dark & dense & extrusive rock that has a silica content of 40% to 50% and makes up most of the ocean floor.
Hale-Bopp
basaltic
bar
orogeny
25. The part of the crust that directly underlies the continents and continental shelves. Averages about 35 km in thickness & but may be over 70 km thick under largest mountain ranges.
continental crust
breakwater
crust
Proxima Centauri
26. Swamp that forms in the low lying flood plain behind a levee.
sand dune
scientific model
legend
back swamp
27. An ingredient in a food or other substance that nourishes or promotes growth.
Pangea
neptune
nutrient
magnetic pole
28. The resistance of a mineral to scratching & as measured by the Mohs scale.
clast
convergent boundary
hardness
fjord
29. A detailed mathematical description of the cause-and-effect relationships between events that can be used to predict or explain other such events.
stalactite
biogenic sediment
arid
scientific model
30. Any accumulation of material & by settling from water or air & chemical precipitation & evaporation from solution & etc.
deposition
region
surf
scour
31. Any solid material that has settled out of a state of suspension in liquid.
sediment
eclipse
jetty
stratum
32. The weak or 'soft' zone in the upper mantle just below the lithosphere & involved in plate movement and isostatic adjustments. It lies 70 to 100 km below the surface and may extend to a depth of 400 km.
aa
atmosphere
pahoehoe
asthenosphere
33. The line formed by the intersection of the axial plane of a fold with a bedding plane & marking where the bed shows its maximum curvature.
abundant metal
compass Rose
axis
divergent boundary
34. Any molten material that is extrusive or volcanic & or the rock that forms from a molten extrusive. Molten rock that flows at the Earth's surface.
compass Rose
lava
groove
coast
35. 1. A mass of sand & gravel & or alluvium deposited on the bed of a stream & sea & or lake & or at the mouth of a stream 2. A unit of pressure & approximately equal to atmospheric pressure at sea level.
bar
rapids
pothole
desertification
36. A permeable region of rock or soil through which ground water can move.
aquifer
Saturn
outer core
Uranus
37. That portion of the resources for a valuable mineral commodity that can be extracted from the Earth at a profit today.
reservoir rock
Mars
nutrient
reserves
38. A cavity in a lava & formed by the entrapment of a gas bubble during solidification of the lava.
vesicle
lava dome
cone of depression
aquifer
39. Pertaining to clastic material formed by volcanic explosion or aerial expulsion from a volcanic vent.
dust storm
pyroclastic
striations
chemical sedimentary rock
40. The persistence of wind-formed waves after wind ceases.
swells
greenhouse gases
lava dome
light-year
41. 1. Breach in a natural levee . 2. Deep crevice or open fracture in glacier ice.
crevasse
sandstorm
legend
ground moraine
42. The galaxy where Earth is located.
moon
Milky Way
anemometer
seismology
43. A blanket of wind-driven sand with an upper surface about a meter above ground level.
sandstorm
Andromeda
strip mining
orogeny
44. A group of stars that appear to make a pattern in the sky. The Big Dipper is a constellation.
cleavage
constellation
tidal inlet
Uniformitarianism
45. An imaginary circle around the earth that represents the halfway mark between the North and South Poles and establishes the boundary between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.
equator
climate
rock
divergent boundary
46. The prediction that climate will warm as a result of the addition to the atmosphere of humanly produced greenhouse gases.
kettle
intensity
seamount
global warming
47. Verifying assessments made from satellite data by doing direct & 'on-the ground' measurements.
mesosphere
divergent boundary
ozone layer
groundtruthing
48. A large ridge or mound-like structure within a body of water that is built by calcareous organisms such as corals & red algae & and bivalves.
fissure eruption
fossil
reef
bedrock
49. The point on the Earth's surface where a magnetic needle points vertically downward (north magnetic pole) or vertically upward (south magnetic pole).
shield volcano
s- wave (secondary wave & shear wave)
chlorophyll
magnetic pole
50. A pillar formed as a stalactite and stalagmite meet.
column
foreshock
nonfoliated
escarpment
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