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Test your basic knowledge |
Earth Science
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Fossils formed when water containing minerals leaks into a mold. The minerals harden to form a copy of the original structure or organism.
chemical sediment
casts
galaxy
suspension
2. The reflection of light on a given mineral's surface & classified by intensity and quality.
geothermal energy
dust bowl
suspended load
luster
3. The process of removing metal from ore.
fossil
pollutant
smelting
casts
4. The Earth's crust underlying the ocean basins which is formed at mid-oceanic ridges. It is typically 5 to 10 kilometers thick composed of basalt.
stormwater runoff
oceanic crust
superposition
marine Chronometer
5. The process by which ocean floors spread laterally from crests of main ocean ridges. As material moves laterally from the ridge & new material replaces it along the ridge crest by welling upward from the mantle.
permafrost
chlorophyll
inner core
seafloor spreading
6. The outermost part of the core. It is liquid & about 1 &700 km thick & and separated from the inner & solid core by a transition zone about 565 km thick.
barrier reef
bedrock
outer core
smelting
7. Of or relating to or containing basalt & a dark & dense & extrusive rock that has a silica content of 40% to 50% and makes up most of the ocean floor.
magma
basaltic
telescope
subduction zone
8. A seismic body wave that involves particle motion & alternating compression and expansion & in the direction of wave propagation. It is the fastest seismic wave. compare S-wave .
pahoehoe
p- wave (primary wave & compressional wave)
eon
baseline study
9. A comet that passed Earth in 1997 and won't return to the inner solar system until the year 4377.
orogeny
Jupiter
volcanic
Hale-Bopp
10. The green pigment in the cells of many plants that enables them to use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates in the process called photosynthesis.
chlorophyll
longitude
convergent boundary
plate
11. Occurs at the intersection of the water table with the ground surface.
spring
fault
waterfall
steppe
12. All of space and everything in it.
till (unstratified drift)
magnetic pole
flash flood
universe
13. Fossils formed when water containing minerals leaks into a mold. The minerals harden to form a copy of the original structure or organism.
mineral
streak
casts
open pit mining
14. Property possessed by certain rocks of breaking with relative ease along parallel planes or nearly parallel surfaces in their crystal structures where the bonds are weakest.
inertia
clast
cleavage
till (unstratified drift)
15. Pertaining to or composed of granite & a coarse-grained igneous rock dominated by light-colored minerals & consisting of about 50 percent orthoclase & 25 percent quartz & and balance of feldspars and ferromagnesian silicates. Granite is commonly foun
rock
seismic sea wave (tsunami)
granitic
sedimentary rock
16. Evidence in rock of the presence of past life & such as a dinosaur bone & an ancient clam shell & or the footprint of a long-extinct animal as well as life history artifacts.
clastic
terrestrial
Modified Mercalli Scale
fossil
17. A building that contains one or more telescopes.
observator
lava lake
basin
till (unstratified drift)
18. The internal resistance to flow in a liquid.
base
s- wave (secondary wave & shear wave)
viscosity
Galileo
19. The perpendicular or very steep descent of a stream.
isthmus
absolute time
waterfall
zone of saturation
20. The rock beneath the soil.
lava flood (plateau basalt)
bedrock
drainage divide
greenhouse gases
21. An instrument that detects & magnifies & and records vibrations of the Earth & especially earthquakes.
magnetic polarity
till (unstratified drift)
period
seismograph
22. The physical & chemical & and biological processes by which rock at or near the Earth's surface is broken down into smaller pieces.
Cenozoic
weathering
seismic gap
lava
23. A naturally occurring inorganic solid that has a well-defined chemical composition and in which atoms are arranged in an ordered fashion.
water table
continental shelf
delta
mineral
24. The transformation of a soil from a solid to a liquid state as the result of increased pore pressure.
rock cycle
liquefaction
chemical sedimentary rock
lahar
25. Igneous. Antonym of intrusive. Synonym of volcanic. Pertaining to igneous rocks or features formed from lava released on the Earth's surface.
extrusive
convection
seismograph
aquifer
26. The process of removing metal from ore.
nova -- (Supernova)
subduction zone
smelting
aftershock
27. Sediments produced directly by the life processes of plants or animals.
elevation
nova -- (Supernova)
biogenic sediment
base
28. The very slow & generally continuous downslope movement of soil and debris under the influence of gravity.
moon
creep
satellite
reservoir rock
29. A geometrical form taken by a mineral & giving external expression to orderly internal atomic arrangement.
Earth
tidal delta
basin
crystal
30. 1. A mass of sand & gravel & or alluvium deposited on the bed of a stream & sea & or lake & or at the mouth of a stream 2. A unit of pressure & approximately equal to atmospheric pressure at sea level.
shore
isthmus
bar
Hadean
31. The processes (mechanical and chemical) responsible for the wearing away & loosening & and dissolving of materials of the Earth's crust.
salinity
flood
erosion
stalactite
32. A landscape that develops from the action of ground water in areas of easily soluble rocks. It is usually characterized by caves & underground drainage and sinkholes.
outcrop
karst
hardness
clast
33. The peak flow of water that tops the banks of a stream channel.
flood
Venus
oxbow
nuee ardente
34. That portion of the resources for a valuable mineral commodity that can be extracted from the Earth at a profit today.
ozone depletion
reserves
streak
geology
35. The sudden fall of one or more large pieces of a rock from a cliff.
crevasse
sinkhole
island arc
rockfall
36. The upper horizons in a soil & through which gravitational moisture travels & removing soluble decomposition products.
zone of leaching
convergent boundary
fold
basalt
37. A hot & gaseous & self-luminous celestial body & as the Sun.
star
primary productivity
rockslide (rock avalanche)
Sun
38. 1. Breach in a natural levee . 2. Deep crevice or open fracture in glacier ice.
Galileo
crevasse
rift (graben)
striations
39. The tectonic region in which two plates meet.
Hale-Bopp
boundary
equinox
density
40. Gases (primarily water and carbon dioxide & but also a variety of sulfur and nitrogen compounds and gaseous hydrocarbons) that trap the Sun's heat in the atmosphere.
greenhouse gases
humid
fold and thrust mountains
exotic river
41. A broad & mound-like mass of glacier ice that usually spreads radially outward from a central zone.
water clarity
geothermal energy
ice sheet
fluctuate
42. A major drainage divide separating the drainage to one ocean from another.
epicenter
foliated
delta
continental divide
43. The portion of the continental margin that extends as a gently sloping surface from the shoreline seaward to a marked change in slope at the top of the continental slope . Seaward depth averages about 130 m.
continental shelf
elevation
groove
hydrologic cycle
44. A time of unusual winds and currents in the Pacific Ocean . El Nino generally causes warmer-than-normal sea surface temperatures and increased rainfall and storm activity.
discharge
El Nino
Copernicus & Nicholas
volcano
45. The oldest eon in Earth history & extending from the origin of the Earth to about 3.9 billion years ago.
water clarity
Hadean
seismograph
era
46. A river that is able to maintain its flow through a desert because of water received from outside the desert.
exotic river
chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's)
compass Rose
primary productivity
47. A commonly used scale of earthquake intensity.
Pillow Lava
fetch
Modified Mercalli Scale
inertia
48. A pillar formed as a stalactite and stalagmite meet.
Laurasia
meander
frost wedging
column
49. The dust-sized & sharp-edged & glassy particles resulting from an explosive volcanic eruption.
swash and back wash
urban
volcanic ash
zone of leaching
50. An eon of geologic time extending from about 3.9 billion years to 2.5 billion years ago.
base
fossil fuel
pipe
archaean