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Earth Science

Subject : science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A large & basin-shaped volcanic depression & more or less circular in form. Typically steep-sided & found at the summit of a shield volcano.






2. A seismic body wave that involves particle motion from side to side & perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation. S-waves are slower than P-waves and cannot travel through a liquid.






3. The sum of the processes that result in the wearing away or the progressive lowering of the Earth's surface by weathering & erosion & mass wasting & and transportation.






4. A community of plants and/or animals and its physical environment & regarded as a unit.






5. A volcanic mountain on the seafloor. If flat-topped & it is a guyot.






6. A volcanic mountain on the seafloor. If flat-topped & it is a guyot.






7. Jupiter is named after the Roman king of the gods. It is the fifth planet from the Sun.






8. A continuous well-defined mass of material of sufficient ore content to make extraction economically feasible. compare mineral deposit.






9. The geologic eon lying between the Archean and Phanerozoic eons & beginning about 2.5 billion years ago and ending about 0.57 billion years ago.






10. A blanket of wind-driven sand with an upper surface about a meter above ground level.






11. The process by which building stone & usually in blocks or sheets & is extracted from the Earth. radiation -- (Electromagnetic radiation) -- energy that travels through space in the form of waves without the intervention of matter & as in the transp






12. To preserve & or to avoid wasteful use.






13. A volcano in the shape of a flattened cone & broad and low & built by very fluid flows of basaltic lava.






14. A vent on the seafloor from which hydrothermal fluids are emitted. Upon mixing with seawater and cooling & the fluids precipitate a cloud of fine-grained sulfide minerals that resembles a cloud of black smoke.






15. The environment where a particular plant or animal is normally found.






16. A planetary satellite.






17. The method of locating an epicenter by determining how far it lies from three widely separated seismographs.






18. As applied to glacier ice & the process by which ice below the snow line is wasted by evaporation and melting.






19. A portable time keeper with a mechanism for ensuring accuracy and adjusting itself & used for determining longitude at sea.






20. Igneous. Antonym of intrusive. Synonym of volcanic. Pertaining to igneous rocks or features formed from lava released on the Earth's surface.






21. A process of erosion in which wind carries off particles of dust and sand.






22. (Greek-Aphrodite)named after the Roman goddess of love. It is the planet closest in size to Earth and the second planted from the Sun.






23. The point on the Earth's surface that is directly above the focus of an earthquake.






24. An artificial hill formed by the debris of successive human settlements.






25. A glaciated valley now flooded by the sea.






26. A waterway from open ocean into a lagoon.






27. Living in water.






28. 1. A low & bowl-shaped area of land surrounded by higher lands. 2. any large depression in which sediments are deposited.






29. A conical volcano formed by the accumulation of pyroclastic debris around a vent.






30. A substance that produces positively charged hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water.






31. An era of time during the Phanerozoic eon lasting from 245 million years ago to 66.4 million ago.






32. The two days of the year on which neither hemisphere is tilted toward or away from the sun.






33. An abandoned meander .






34. Of or relating to or containing basalt & a dark & dense & extrusive rock that has a silica content of 40% to 50% and makes up most of the ocean floor.






35. Geologic time expressed in years before the present.






36. A term applied to large areas of basaltic lava presumably extruded from fissures.






37. A layer of sedimentary rock; plural is strata.






38. The attractive force between two objects; its magnitude depends on their masses and the distance between them.






39. The prediction that climate will warm as a result of the addition to the atmosphere of humanly produced greenhouse gases.






40. The precipitation that runs directly off the surface to stream or body of standing water.






41. Imaginary lines on a map or globe that measure distance in degrees north or south of the equator. Latitude lines extend horizontally & from east to west on a globe.






42. An era of geologic time lasting from 570 to 245 million years ago.






43. The peak flow of water that tops the banks of a stream channel.






44. An accumulation of wind driven sand into a distinctive shape.






45. The science that deals with the study of the planet Earth--the materials of which it is made & the processes that act to change these materials from one form to another & and the history recorded by these materials; the forces acting to deform the ou






46. Deserts in zones of descending air between 25 degrees and 30 degrees north and south latitude.






47. A minor tremor that precedes an earthquake. An increase in seismicity may signal that a major release of strain energy is about to occur.






48. The process by which building stone & usually in blocks or sheets & is extracted from the Earth. radiation -- (Electromagnetic radiation) -- energy that travels through space in the form of waves without the intervention of matter & as in the transp






49. An area of land that delivers runoff water & sediment & and dissolved substances to surface water bodies & such as rivers or lakes. All watersheds consist of boundaries & a basin and collection areas.






50. An isolated & steep-sided & rocky mass or island just offshore from a rocky headland & usually on a shore platform.







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