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Test your basic knowledge |
Earth Science
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A broad & deep & generally straight furrow carved in bed rock by the abrasive action of debris embedded in a moving glacier. Larger and deeper than a glacial striation.
groove
till (unstratified drift)
s- wave (secondary wave & shear wave)
quarrying
2. An isolated & steep-sided & rocky mass or island just offshore from a rocky headland & usually on a shore platform.
groove
seastack
wave trough
basin
3. Any of various minerals prized for beauty & durability & and rarity. A few noncrystalline materials of organic origin (e.g. & pearl & red coral & and amber) also are classified as gemstones.
marine Chronometer
gemstone
silicate
drought
4. Lava extruded beneath water characterized by pillow shapes.
mantle
Pillow Lava
steppe
telescope
5. A mass of ice & formed by the recrystallization of snow & that flows forward & or has flowed at some time in the past.
tidal delta
glacier
snow line
seastack
6. The point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake.
epicenter
isostatic change in sea level
primary productivity
oal
7. The region of a shore that is covered at high tide and exposed at low tide.
acid
Richter scale
intertidal zone
p- wave (primary wave & compressional wave)
8. A narrow strip of land that has water on either side and connects two larger bodies of water.
hot spot
universe
isthmus
equinox
9. The level of light that penetrates through water.
Pillow Lava
water clarity
till (unstratified drift)
chlorophyll
10. A large area with common features that set it apart from other areas.
superposition
region
archaean
ablation
11. The part of the crust that directly underlies the continents and continental shelves. Averages about 35 km in thickness & but may be over 70 km thick under largest mountain ranges.
creep
pipe
snow line
continental crust
12. A natural open space underground & large enough for a person to enter. Most commonly occur by the dissolution of soluble rocks & generally limestone.
cave
geology
ice sheet
aquifer
13. The condition of equilibrium & comparable to floating & of units of the lithosphere above the asthenosphere.
isostasy
compass
thermal spring
soil
14. Heat transport by moving particles & and the thermal energy that they carry & to a new location.
ground moraine
subduction
jetty
convection
15. The rock beneath the soil.
Pluto
ore deposit
bedrock
convergent boundary
16. 1. A steep-walled & usually conical depression at the summit or on the flanks of a volcano & resulting from the explosive ejection of material from a vent. 2. A bowl-shaped depression with a raised & overturned rim produced by the impact of a meteori
subduction
crater
archipelago
barrier beaches
17. A roughly circular reef with an occasional small & low & coral sand island surrounding a shallow lagoon.
discharge
clastic
atoll
compression fossil
18. Imaginary lines on a map or globe that measure distance in degrees east or west of the prime meridian. Longitude lines extend vertically & from pole to pole on a globe.
frost wedging
foliated
longitude
karst
19. A guide to reading a map that typically contains distance scales & arrows indicating direction & and/or explanations of symbols used.
oceanic trench
Precambrian
legend
barrier reef
20. The generally dark & more or less stable part of the organic matter in a soil & so well decomposed that the original sources cannot be identified.
humus
dust bowl
crevasse
oceanic trench
21. A general term including both oil and natural gas.
petroleum
shore
seamount
region
22. The peak flow of water that tops the banks of a stream channel.
hardness
flood
inertia
surf
23. A glaciated valley now flooded by the sea.
surf
particulate air pollution
fjord
thermal spring
24. Occurs at the intersection of the water table with the ground surface.
barrier beaches
spring
open pit mining
continent
25. The persistence of wind-formed waves after wind ceases.
swells
stratovolcano (composite volcano)
siltation
black smoker
26. Lies half way between the north and south magnetic poles.
magnetic equator
permafrost
casts
lava flood (plateau basalt)
27. A process of erosion in which wind carries off particles of dust and sand.
deflation
biogenic sediment
atmosphere
base
28. The straightening and/or deepening of a river channel.
vesicle
storm surge
resources
channelization
29. An area where fresh water comes into contact with seawater & usually in a partly enclosed coastal body of water; a mix of fresh and salt water where the current of a stream meets the tides.
asthenosphere
period
geothermal energy
estuary
30. The galaxy where Earth is located.
nuee ardente
wave crest
casts
Milky Way
31. A plate boundary in which plates on opposite sides of the boundary move past each other in opposite directions. The San Andreas fault of California is a good example.
geothermal energy
transform boundary
chlorophyll
reserves
32. The current geologic era & which began 66.4 million years ago and continues to the present.
Cenozoic
aquifer
geologic column
dust bowl
33. Plutonic. Antonym of extrusive. Pertaining to igneous rocks or features formed by the emplacement of magma in pre-existing rocks.
intrusive
p- wave (primary wave & compressional wave)
precipitation
El Nino
34. The outermost part of the core. It is liquid & about 1 &700 km thick & and separated from the inner & solid core by a transition zone about 565 km thick.
fold and thrust mountains
body wave
outer core
exotic river
35. An informal term to include all geologic time from the beginning of the Earth to the beginning of the Cambrian period 570 million years ago.
Precambrian
Hale-Bopp
Saturn
stratification
36. The mass of an object divided by its volume.
petroleum
density
reserves
natural resources
37. A slide involving a downward and usually sudden movement of newly detached segments of bedrock sliding or slipping over an inclined surface of weakness such as a bedding plane & fault plane & or joint surface.
rift (graben)
trench
storm surge
rockslide (rock avalanche)
38. A group of stars that appear to make a pattern in the sky. The Big Dipper is a constellation.
constellation
plutonic
gemstone
decomposition (chemical weathering)
39. Objects revolving around the sun that are too small and too numerous to be considered planets.
asteroid
sinkhole
erratic
water table
40. The oldest eon in Earth history & extending from the origin of the Earth to about 3.9 billion years ago.
island arc
disintegration (mechanical weathering)
geologic column
Hadean
41. A mound or ridge of sediment deposited by a glacier.
cinder cone
wind farm
sod
moraine
42. Imaginary lines on a map or globe that measure distance in degrees north or south of the equator. Latitude lines extend horizontally & from east to west on a globe.
latitude
current speed
subtropical deserts
atmosphere
43. A type of disintegration in which jointed rock is forced apart by the expansion of water as it freezes in fractures.
frost wedging
levees
igneous rock
stalagmite
44. A waterway from open ocean into a lagoon.
isthmus
tidal inlet
isostatic change in sea level
viscosity
45. Woodland that usually gets at least 100 inches of rain each year.
drainage basin
Precambrian
rainforest
current speed
46. Forms along a coast as wave erosion cuts through a headland.
abyssal plain
legend
arch
Laurasia
47. A general term for a relatively hard layer of soil at or just below the ground surface & cemented by silica & iron oxide & calcium carbonate & or organic matter.
Saturn
nutrient
archaean
hardpan
48. The geologic eon lying between the Archean and Phanerozoic eons & beginning about 2.5 billion years ago and ending about 0.57 billion years ago.
nonfoliated
moraine
Proterozoic
sinkhole
49. A dense & hot (sometimes incandescent) cloud of volcanic ash and gas produced in a Pelean eruption.
nuee ardente
beach
liquefaction
Pangea
50. The attractive force between two objects; its magnitude depends on their masses and the distance between them.
light-year
tectonic Plates
gravity
groin