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Test your basic knowledge |
Earth Science
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Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A comet that passed Earth in 1997 and won't return to the inner solar system until the year 4377.
basaltic
tidal inlet
Hale-Bopp
isthmus
2. A geometrical form taken by a mineral & giving external expression to orderly internal atomic arrangement.
collisional Boundary
satellite
aquatic
crystal
3. Pluto is named after the Roman god of the Underworld. No longer considered a planet.
discharge
Pluto
archaean
volcanic ash
4. The environment where a particular plant or animal is normally found.
wave trough
Galileo
habitat
Hale-Bopp
5. Lava extruded beneath water characterized by pillow shapes.
Pillow Lava
atoll
icecap
till (unstratified drift)
6. A waterway from open ocean into a lagoon.
abyssal plain
seismoscope
jetty
tidal inlet
7. Fossils formed when water containing minerals leaks into a mold. The minerals harden to form a copy of the original structure or organism.
oxbow lake
fossil fuel
Pangea
casts
8. The area bordering a stream over which water spreads when the stream tops its channel banks.
back swamp
urban
sedimentary rock
floodplain
9. An eruption of lava that takes place from a fracture & usually without producing a cone.
stratification
fissure eruption
body wave
sod
10. Extending across a continent.
transcontinental
seismograph
Precambrian
peat
11. Any porous and permeable rock that yields oil or natural gas.
permafrost
breakwater
seafloor spreading
reservoir rock
12. A process by which salts accumulate in soil.
salinization
fracture
convergent boundary
isostatic change in sea level
13. The point on the Earth's surface that is directly above the focus of an earthquake.
chlorophyll
epicenter
tidal inlet
abundant metal
14. The current geologic era & which began 66.4 million years ago and continues to the present.
Cenozoic
humus
steppe
salinization
15. An atmospheric shield providing the Earth with protection from ultra-violet rays which can cause sun burn & skin cancer and the destruction of the delicate plant life which supports the planet's food chain.
Prime Meridian
ozone layer
secchi disk
erosion
16. A term applied to large areas of basaltic lava presumably extruded from fissures.
nebula
subduction zone
hemisphere
lava flood (plateau basalt)
17. The outermost part of the core. It is liquid & about 1 &700 km thick & and separated from the inner & solid core by a transition zone about 565 km thick.
plate boundaries
solar system
outer core
hardpan
18. A major drainage divide separating the drainage to one ocean from another.
Laurasia
specific gravity
continental divide
subtropical deserts
19. A river that is able to maintain its flow through a desert because of water received from outside the desert.
exotic river
elevation
ore deposit
plate tectonics
20. An artificial hill formed by the debris of successive human settlements.
levees
gravity
tell
denudation
21. A collection of maps.
black smoker
Hadean
rain shadow deserts
atlas
22. Open pit mining & typically for coal.
plate boundaries
scale
strip mining
ice shelf
23. A broad & deep & generally straight furrow carved in bed rock by the abrasive action of debris embedded in a moving glacier. Larger and deeper than a glacial striation.
erratic
lithification
island arc
groove
24. A large area of flat or nearly flat land.
solar system
plain
outcrop
compass
25. A volcanic mountain on the seafloor. If flat-topped & it is a guyot.
oceanic crust
cementation
magnetic equator
seamount
26. A type of disintegration in which jointed rock is forced apart by the expansion of water as it freezes in fractures.
solstice
frost wedging
elevation
geothermal energy
27. A measure of acidity.
rock
pH
fossil
equinox
28. Flat land covered with tall grass and wildflowers.
atoll
glacier
prairie
kettle
29. A low & nearly flat accumulation of sediment deposited at the mouth of a river or stream & commonly triangular or fan-shaped.
shield volcano
steppe
delta
natural resources
30. An aggregate of one or more minerals in varying proportions.
Phanerozoic
rock
sod
eustatic change in sea level
31. (Greek-Aphrodite)named after the Roman goddess of love. It is the planet closest in size to Earth and the second planted from the Sun.
Venus
epoch
loess
Galileo
32. An icicle-shaped accumulation of dripstone hanging from cave roof.
mid-ocean ridges
aquifer
stalactite
floodplain
33. A broad & mound-like mass of glacier ice that usually spreads radially outward from a central zone.
ice sheet
chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's)
mineral
observator
34. The point on the Earth's surface where a magnetic needle points vertically downward (north magnetic pole) or vertically upward (south magnetic pole).
hardness
magnetic pole
axis
Mercury
35. An instrument that merely indicates the occurrence of an earthquake.
discharge
seismoscope
caldera
groin
36. Property possessed by certain rocks of breaking with relative ease along parallel planes or nearly parallel surfaces in their crystal structures where the bonds are weakest.
longitude
water table
epicenter
cleavage
37. A type of disintegration in which jointed rock is forced apart by the expansion of water as it freezes in fractures.
neptune
meteoroid
frost wedging
primary productivity
38. A floating ice sheet extending across water from a land-based glacier.
ice shelf
Milky Way
continental crust
inertia
39. Weathering processes that are the result of chemical reactions. Example: the transformation of orthoclase to kaolinite.
fracture
decomposition (chemical weathering)
runoff
urban
40. A statement of relative age in layered rocks: In a series of sedimentary rocks that has not been overturned & the topmost layer is always the youngest and the bottommost layer is always the oldest.
elevation
superposition
seismic sea wave (tsunami)
equinox
41. A device built to study distant objects by making them appear closer.
p- wave (primary wave & compressional wave)
telescope
glacier
ablation
42. A division of geologic time next shorter than a period. Example: the Pleistocene epoch is in the Quaternary period.
epoch
bedrock
Galileo
isostasy
43. The layer of gases (air) & that surrounds a planet or moon.
zone of leaching
atmosphere
meteoroid
thrust fault
44. A sedimentary rock made up of chemical sediments. Example: rock salt.
rock cycle
crystal
epicenter
chemical sedimentary rock
45. A planetary satellite.
pyroclastic
moon
cinder cone
lithification
46. A narrow strip of land along the margin of the ocean extending inland for a variable distance from low water mark.
Venus
coast
foreshock
foliated
47. Distance over which wave-forming winds blow.
fetch
continental crust
exotic river
oxbow
48. Produced as a wave steepens and falls forward as the wave nears the shore.
surf
Cenozoic
storm surge
chemical sediment
49. (Latin- Sol & Greek- Helios)the closest star to Earth. It is a giant ball of gas without any solid surface.
clast
Sun
discharge
basalt
50. Iron & aluminum & magnesium & manganese & and titanium. Ores of the abundant metals only need to be 3 - 5 times as metal-rich as average rock.
mineral
fluctuate
wave length
abundant metal
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