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Test your basic knowledge |
Earth Science
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A rock that has crystallized from a molten state.
extrusive
igneous rock
seismic sea wave (tsunami)
fossil fuel
2. Deposition of fine mineral particles (silt) on the beds of streams or lakes.
siltation
snow line
cleavage
acid rain
3. A large area with common features that set it apart from other areas.
mantle
solstice
acid rain
region
4. A Hawaiian term for a lava flow that has a rough & jagged surface.
orogeny
equinox
aa
lava
5. A cyclical pattern of movement in a fluid body such as the ocean & the atmosphere & or the Earth's mantle & driven by density variations which in turn are the result of differences in temperature from one part of the fluid to another.
suspension
cartographer
convection cell
plutonic
6. A steep or vertical cliff & either above or below sea level.
escarpment
Richter scale
eclipse
foreshock
7. Living in water.
plain
groin
aquatic
biogenic sediment
8. An instrument that detects & magnifies & and records vibrations of the Earth & especially earthquakes.
water table
mineral deposit
seismograph
boundary
9. Any place where bedrock is visible on the surface of the Earth.
floodplain
outcrop
Andromeda
lava lake
10. The process by which a binding & or cementing & agent is precipitated in spaces among individual particles of a deposit. Common cementing agents are calcite & quartz & and dolomite.
geologic time scale
Paleozoic
cementation
sedimentary rock
11. The closest galaxy to the Milky way. It is approximately 2 million light-years away.
p- wave (primary wave & compressional wave)
luster
Andromeda
Copernicus & Nicholas
12. A coral reef separated from the mainland by a lagoon.
streak
barrier reef
siltation
sedimentary rock
13. The theory that states that the present-day continents are the fragmented pieces of preexisting larger landmasses called supercontinents.
humus
Hale-Bopp
wave height
Continntal Drift Theory
14. A large & basin-shaped volcanic depression & more or less circular in form. Typically steep-sided & found at the summit of a shield volcano.
channelization
inner core
biogenic sedimentary rock
caldera
15. The process of one plate descending beneath another.
erosion
subduction
focus
siltation
16. A device built to study distant objects by making them appear closer.
black smoker
telescope
Pangea
spring
17. 1. Breach in a natural levee . 2. Deep crevice or open fracture in glacier ice.
crevasse
clastic
liquefaction
crater
18. The sudden fall of one or more large pieces of a rock from a cliff.
lava dome
barrier reef
disintegration (mechanical weathering)
rockfall
19. Elongated rises on the ocean floor where basalt periodically erupts & forming new oceanic crust.
mid-ocean ridges
base
suspension
swash and back wash
20. A comet that passed Earth in 1997 and won't return to the inner solar system until the year 4377.
open pit mining
peat
smelting
Hale-Bopp
21. An abandoned meander .
oxbow
open pit mining
rainforest
Milky Way
22. The line that separates one drainage basin from another.
Pelean eruption
Uniformitarianism
moon
drainage divide
23. The relationship between distances in the area being mapped and distances in the map itself.
scale
primary productivity
Uranus
atoll
24. A mass of ice & formed by the recrystallization of snow & that flows forward & or has flowed at some time in the past.
column
nebula
era
glacier
25. The processes (mechanical and chemical) responsible for the wearing away & loosening & and dissolving of materials of the Earth's crust.
wind farm
continental shelf
erosion
lava dome
26. A pillar formed as a stalactite and stalagmite meet.
rift (graben)
pyroclastic
column
ozone depletion
27. Living parts of the environment that can renew or replace themselves.
abyssal plain
peat
renewable resources
fluctuate
28. A portable time keeper with a mechanism for ensuring accuracy and adjusting itself & used for determining longitude at sea.
stratification
subduction
marine Chronometer
focus
29. The very slow & generally continuous downslope movement of soil and debris under the influence of gravity.
biogenic sedimentary rock
creep
oceanic trench
back swamp
30. A steep-sided rounded extrusion of highly viscous lava squeezed out from a volcano and forming a dome-shaped or bulbous mass above and around the volcanic vent. The structure generally develops inside a volcanic crater.
lava dome
convection cell
groin
fossil
31. A sea wave produced by any large-scale & short duration disturbance on the seafloor & commonly a shallow submarine earthquake but possibly also a submarine slide or volcanic eruption.
seismic sea wave (tsunami)
tidal inlet
meteoroid
seismology
32. A building that contains one or more telescopes.
nautical mile
observator
sand dune
deflation
33. The surface between the zone of saturation and the zone of aeration.
seismograph
casts
water table
cave
34. Synonym of intrusive. Antonym of volcanic. Applies to igneous rocks formed beneath the surface of the Earth; typically with large crystals due to the slowness of cooling.
pH
shoreline
superposition
plutonic
35. The solid innermost part of the core with a diameter of a little over 1 &200 km.
shoreline
inner core
wave length
compaction
36. The acidity in rain due to gases from internal combustion engines and coal- and oil-burning power plants.
island arc
acid rain
basin
stormwater runoff
37. That part of the continental margin that lies between the continental shelf and the continental rise. Slope relatively steep & 3o - 6o. The continental slope is underlain by crustal rocks of the continent.
continental slope
continent
Uniformitarianism
back swamp
38. Materials that are found in nature that are useful or necessary for people to live.
compass Rose
natural resources
reef
transcontinental
39. The theory of Plate Tectonics states that the Earth's crust is fragmented into a dozen or more large and small pieces floating on a semi-molten mantle.
scour
sediment
plate tectonics
lava lake
40. A guide to reading a map that typically contains distance scales & arrows indicating direction & and/or explanations of symbols used.
lahar
legend
oceanic trench
prairie
41. An imaginary circle around the earth that represents the halfway mark between the North and South Poles and establishes the boundary between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.
wave trough
equator
sand dune
thermal spring
42. Weathering processes that are the result of chemical reactions. Example: the transformation of orthoclase to kaolinite.
pahoehoe
decomposition (chemical weathering)
aa
streak
43. An artificial hill formed by the debris of successive human settlements.
Precambrian
ore deposit
tell
magnitude
44. The processes (mechanical and chemical) responsible for the wearing away & loosening & and dissolving of materials of the Earth's crust.
water clarity
Paleozoic
erosion
cementation
45. The amount of dissolved salt in water.
strip mining
salinity
plate boundaries
acid
46. The effect of water and carbon dioxide absorbing outgoing infrared radiation & raising a system's temperature. The term is generally used with reference to the Earth's temperature & although it can also be applied to other systems & such as greenhous
streak
prairie
Greenhouse Effect
kettle
47. The height of a place above sea level.
salinization
landforms
elevation
body wave
48. An area of land that delivers runoff water & sediment & and dissolved substances to surface water bodies & such as rivers or lakes. All watersheds consist of boundaries & a basin and collection areas.
watershed
climate
ice sheet
gemstone
49. A landscape that develops from the action of ground water in areas of easily soluble rocks. It is usually characterized by caves & underground drainage and sinkholes.
nonfoliated
boundary
karst
region
50. As applied to glacier ice & the process by which ice below the snow line is wasted by evaporation and melting.
casts
escarpment
ablation
tell