Test your basic knowledge |

Earth Science

Subject : science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Bent rock strata.






2. A mound or ridge of sediment deposited by a glacier.






3. A substance that produces negatively charged hydroxide ions ( OH- ) in water and reacts with acids to form salts.






4. A continuous well-defined mass of material of sufficient ore content to make extraction economically feasible. compare mineral deposit.






5. A hydrocarbon (coal or petroleum) that can be extracted from the Earth for use as a fuel. Fossil fuels are non-renewable energy sources.






6. The initial point within the Earth that ruptures in an earthquake & directly below the epicenter. The point within the Earth which is the center of an earthquake & at which strain energy is first released and converted to elastic wave energy.






7. A study designed to collect critical data to be used for comparison or as a control in a later study.






8. A Hawaiian term for a basaltic lava flow with a smooth & or ropy surface.






9. The effect of water and carbon dioxide absorbing outgoing infrared radiation & raising a system's temperature. The term is generally used with reference to the Earth's temperature & although it can also be applied to other systems & such as greenhous






10. 1. Breach in a natural levee . 2. Deep crevice or open fracture in glacier ice.






11. 1. Breach in a natural levee . 2. Deep crevice or open fracture in glacier ice.






12. To change back and forth uncertainly.






13. Where one plate slides beneath another plate as the two are pushed together & a subduction zone.






14. Till deposited from main body of glacier during ablation.






15. Pertaining to clastic material formed by volcanic explosion or aerial expulsion from a volcanic vent.






16. The amount of material a stream carries in suspension.






17. The reflection of light on a given mineral's surface & classified by intensity and quality.






18. The environment where a particular plant or animal is normally found.






19. A detailed mathematical description of the cause-and-effect relationships between events that can be used to predict or explain other such events.






20. A vertical conduit through the Earth's crust below a volcano & through Which magma has passed.






21. The amount of material a stream carries in suspension.






22. A large & basin-shaped volcanic depression & more or less circular in form. Typically steep-sided & found at the summit of a shield volcano.






23. He area from which a stream and its tributaries receives its water.






24. The principle that states the processes operating to change the Earth in the present also operated in the past.






25. Materials that are found in nature that are useful or necessary for people to live.






26. The accumulation of material in layers or beds.






27. Any solid material that has settled out of a state of suspension in liquid.






28. A tool for measuring the relative clarity of water.






29. The closest galaxy to the Milky way. It is approximately 2 million light-years away.






30. A vent on the seafloor from which hydrothermal fluids are emitted. Upon mixing with seawater and cooling & the fluids precipitate a cloud of fine-grained sulfide minerals that resembles a cloud of black smoke.






31. A Hawaiian term for a lava flow that has a rough & jagged surface.






32. A large ridge or mound-like structure within a body of water that is built by calcareous organisms such as corals & red algae & and bivalves.






33. The weak or 'soft' zone in the upper mantle just below the lithosphere & involved in plate movement and isostatic adjustments. It lies 70 to 100 km below the surface and may extend to a depth of 400 km.






34. An area of land that delivers runoff water & sediment & and dissolved substances to surface water bodies & such as rivers or lakes. All watersheds consist of boundaries & a basin and collection areas.






35. Deep steep-sided depression in the ocean floor caused by the subduction of oceanic crust beneath either other oceanic crust or continental crust.






36. A group of islands; an expanse of water with scattered islands.






37. A general term including both oil and natural gas.






38. The sudden fall of one or more large pieces of a rock from a cliff.






39. The area bordering a stream over which water spreads when the stream tops its channel banks.






40. A mudflow composed chiefly of pyroclastic material on the flanks of a volcano.






41. The point on the Earth's surface that is directly above the focus of an earthquake.






42. An artificial hill formed by the debris of successive human settlements.






43. Rock formed from the accumulation of sediment & Which may consist of fragments and mineral grains of varying sizes from pre-existing rocks & remains or products of animals and plants & the products of chemical action & or mixtures of these.






44. An instrument used to measure the speed of wind.






45. 1. A low & bowl-shaped area of land surrounded by higher lands. 2. any large depression in which sediments are deposited.






46. 1. A steep-walled & usually conical depression at the summit or on the flanks of a volcano & resulting from the explosive ejection of material from a vent. 2. A bowl-shaped depression with a raised & overturned rim produced by the impact of a meteori






47. The area immediately below the ground surface within which pore spaces are partially filled with water and partially filled with air.






48. Gases that can be dissociated by solar radiation & which releases chlorine & which in turn destroys ozone.

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49. The weak or 'soft' zone in the upper mantle just below the lithosphere & involved in plate movement and isostatic adjustments. It lies 70 to 100 km below the surface and may extend to a depth of 400 km.






50. That part of the continental margin that lies between the continental shelf and the continental rise. Slope relatively steep & 3o - 6o. The continental slope is underlain by crustal rocks of the continent.