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Earth Science

Subject : science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A coral reef separated from the mainland by a lagoon.






2. A lake of lava & usually basaltic & in a volcanic caldera.






3. The arrangement of rock units in the proper chronological order from youngest to oldest.






4. A molecule composed of three atoms of oxygen and mostly found in the stratosphere. Though beneficial in the upper atmosphere & at ground level & ozone is called photochemical smog & and is a respiratory irritant and considered a pollutant.






5. The principle that states the processes operating to change the Earth in the present also operated in the past.






6. A ball of ice and dust & whose orbit is a long & narrow ellipse.






7. The prediction that climate will warm as a result of the addition to the atmosphere of humanly produced greenhouse gases.






8. Water beneath the Earth's surface.






9. A volcano that is composed of alternating layers of lava and pyroclastic material & along with abundant dikes and sills. Viscous & intermediate lava may flow from a central vent. Example: Mt. Fuji in Japan.






10. The galaxy where Earth is located.






11. The perpendicular or very steep descent of a stream.






12. An area of land that delivers runoff water & sediment & and dissolved substances to surface water bodies & such as rivers or lakes. All watersheds consist of boundaries & a basin and collection areas.






13. Sediments produced directly by the life processes of plants or animals.






14. In the geologic time scale a unit of time less than an era and greater than an epoch. Example: The Tertiary period was the earliest period in the Cenozoic era and included & among others & the Eocene epoch.






15. An era of geologic time lasting from 570 to 245 million years ago.






16. The process of one plate descending beneath another.






17. 1. A steep-walled & usually conical depression at the summit or on the flanks of a volcano & resulting from the explosive ejection of material from a vent. 2. A bowl-shaped depression with a raised & overturned rim produced by the impact of a meteori






18. The line separating land and water.






19. Deep steep-sided depression in the ocean floor caused by the subduction of oceanic crust beneath either other oceanic crust or continental crust.






20. A building that contains one or more telescopes.






21. Deposits of wind-borne dust.






22. 1. A low & bowl-shaped area of land surrounded by higher lands. 2. any large depression in which sediments are deposited.






23. A division of geologic time next shorter than a period. Example: the Pleistocene epoch is in the Quaternary period.






24. A chuck of rock or dust in space.






25. The process by which building stone & usually in blocks or sheets & is extracted from the Earth. radiation -- (Electromagnetic radiation) -- energy that travels through space in the form of waves without the intervention of matter & as in the transp






26. The tendency of a moving object to continue in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place.






27. A roughly circular reef with an occasional small & low & coral sand island surrounding a shallow lagoon.






28. A pillar formed as a stalactite and stalagmite meet.






29. The science that deals with the study of the planet Earth--the materials of which it is made & the processes that act to change these materials from one form to another & and the history recorded by these materials; the forces acting to deform the ou






30. A geometrical form taken by a mineral & giving external expression to orderly internal atomic arrangement.






31. The rise and fall of sea level caused by the gravitational pull of the Sun and Moon on the Earth.






32. The zone below the zone of aeration in which all pore spaces are filled with water.






33. The reserves of a valuable mineral commodity plus all other mineral deposits that may eventually become available & even those that are presumed to exist but have not yet been discovered and those that are not economically or technologically exploita






34. (Latin- Sol & Greek- Helios)the closest star to Earth. It is a giant ball of gas without any solid surface.






35. The symbol used on a map to indicate directions & both cardinal and ordinal.






36. The portion of the continental margin that lies between the abyssal plain and the continental slope. The continental rise is underlain by crustal rocks of the ocean basin.






37. The seaward edge of coast between low tide and effective wave action.






38. An aggregate of one or more minerals in varying proportions.






39. Any form of water & such as rain & sleet & or snow & that falls to Earth's surface.






40. The great circle on the Earth's surface passing through The North and South Poles & which is considered 0 degrees longitude. The prime meridian passes through Greenwich & England & and is used as a reference point for measuring longitude east and w






41. The very small particles of dirt & soot & and other pollutants that are present in the air.






42. The accumulation of material in layers or beds.






43. As applied to glacier ice & the process by which ice below the snow line is wasted by evaporation and melting.






44. A process of erosion in which wind carries off particles of dust and sand.






45. A depression in the ground formed by the melting of a block of glacier ice buried or partially buried by drift.






46. Plutonic. Antonym of extrusive. Pertaining to igneous rocks or features formed by the emplacement of magma in pre-existing rocks.






47. An eruption of lava that takes place from a fracture & usually without producing a cone.






48. A sharp bend & loop or turn in a stream's course. When abandoned & it is called a meander scar or an oxbow.






49. Formed when an organism is flattened (compressed) and a thin film of organic material from its body is left in the rock.






50. The southern portion of the late Paleozoic supercontinent known as Pangea. It means & literally 'Land of the Gonds' (a people of the Indian subcontinent).The supercontinent existed from Cambrian to Jurassic time & mainly composed of South America &







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