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Test your basic knowledge |
Earth Science
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Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A vent in the surface of the Earth & from which lava & ash & and gases erupt.
frost wedging
volcano
open pit mining
surf
2. A large area of flat or nearly flat land.
ozone depletion
light-year
ablation
plain
3. Surficial mining & in which the valuable rock is exposed by removal of overlying rock or soil.
till (unstratified drift)
Sun
precipitation
open pit mining
4. Any seismic wave that travels through the body of Earth & rather than along its surface.
seismic gap
body wave
discharge
atlas
5. Mountains & characterized by extensive folding and thrust faulting & that form at convergent plate boundaries on continents.
legend
wave height
fold and thrust mountains
galaxy
6. The current geologic era & which began 66.4 million years ago and continues to the present.
surf
seamount
Cenozoic
continent
7. Any object that revolves around another object in space.
Paleozoic
geyser
satellite
continental slope
8. A thick layer of soil.
water clarity
icecap
boundary
sod
9. A sedimentary rock composed primarily of biogenic sediments.
spring
wind farm
biogenic sedimentary rock
habitat
10. A process of erosion in which wind carries off particles of dust and sand.
deflation
Global Positioning System (GPS)
focus
specific gravity
11. Pluto is named after the Roman god of the Underworld. No longer considered a planet.
rock
seastack
Andromeda
Pluto
12. That portion of the resources for a valuable mineral commodity that can be extracted from the Earth at a profit today.
cartographer
reserves
barrier beaches
zone of aeration
13. Pertaining to clastic material formed by volcanic explosion or aerial expulsion from a volcanic vent.
magnetic pole
ozone layer
barrier beaches
pyroclastic
14. A ridge of high water associated with a hurricane and which floods over the shore .
channelization
longitude
storm surge
divergent boundary
15. Swamp that forms in the low lying flood plain behind a levee.
humid
ore deposit
back swamp
intensity
16. A cyclical pattern of movement in a fluid body such as the ocean & the atmosphere & or the Earth's mantle & driven by density variations which in turn are the result of differences in temperature from one part of the fluid to another.
convection cell
Jupiter
Pangea
black hole
17. A vent on the seafloor from which hydrothermal fluids are emitted. Upon mixing with seawater and cooling & the fluids precipitate a cloud of fine-grained sulfide minerals that resembles a cloud of black smoke.
inertia
black smoker
isostatic change in sea level
cementation
18. Pertaining to clastic material formed by volcanic explosion or aerial expulsion from a volcanic vent.
pyroclastic
creep
igneous rock
conserve
19. A comet that passed Earth in 1997 and won't return to the inner solar system until the year 4377.
moon
estuary
mid-ocean ridges
Hale-Bopp
20. The acidity in rain due to gases from internal combustion engines and coal- and oil-burning power plants.
continental shelf
light-year
acid rain
rock
21. A reverse fault on which the dip angle of the fault plane is 15 degrees or less.
thrust fault
global warming
primary productivity
loess
22. A natural open space underground & large enough for a person to enter. Most commonly occur by the dissolution of soluble rocks & generally limestone.
collisional Boundary
Cenozoic
primary productivity
cave
23. A lake in an abandoned meander.
particulate air pollution
weathering
barrier beaches
oxbow lake
24. A commonly used measure of earthquake magnitude & based on a logarithmic scale. Each integral step on the scale represents a tenfold increase in the extent of ground shaking & as recorded on a seismograph.
eon
neptune
ecosystem
Richter scale
25. The vertical distance between the crest and adjacent trough of a wave.
s- wave (secondary wave & shear wave)
wave height
ozone layer
epicenter
26. A delta formed at both sides of a tidal inlet.
meander
aa
tell
tidal delta
27. Deposition of fine mineral particles (silt) on the beds of streams or lakes.
current speed
El Nino
siltation
subtropical deserts
28. Temporary accumulations of sediments that collect between low and high water marks.
denudation
Pillow Lava
trench
beach
29. The amount of material a stream carries in suspension.
lava lake
suspended load
tidal delta
granitic
30. Uranus is named after the Roman god of the sky. It is the seventh planet from the Sun.
aftershock
lava
deflation
Uranus
31. Any place where bedrock is visible on the surface of the Earth.
era
glaciation
elevation
outcrop
32. The weak or 'soft' zone in the upper mantle just below the lithosphere & involved in plate movement and isostatic adjustments. It lies 70 to 100 km below the surface and may extend to a depth of 400 km.
aquifer
asthenosphere
rapids
smelting
33. The process of mountain building.
ore
orogeny
compass
mesosphere
34. A group of islands; an expanse of water with scattered islands.
rift (graben)
convergent boundary
archipelago
wave crest
35. A time of unusual winds and currents in the Pacific Ocean . El Nino generally causes warmer-than-normal sea surface temperatures and increased rainfall and storm activity.
magnitude
biogenic sedimentary rock
delta
El Nino
36. An area of land that delivers runoff water & sediment & and dissolved substances to surface water bodies & such as rivers or lakes. All watersheds consist of boundaries & a basin and collection areas.
volcano
dust storm
watershed
era
37. A flood that rises and falls very rapidly.
salinity
flash flood
water table
Uniformitarianism
38. Gases that can be dissociated by solar radiation & which releases chlorine & which in turn destroys ozone.
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39. A Hawaiian term for a basaltic lava flow with a smooth & or ropy surface.
Proterozoic
back swamp
pahoehoe
luster
40. A curved belt of volcanic islands lying above a subduction zone.
levees
nutrient
lahar
island arc
41. A process of erosion in which wind carries off particles of dust and sand.
scour
Copernicus & Nicholas
region
deflation
42. A seismic body wave that involves particle motion & alternating compression and expansion & in the direction of wave propagation. It is the fastest seismic wave. compare S-wave .
Jupiter
smelting
cementation
p- wave (primary wave & compressional wave)
43. The arrangement of rock units in the proper chronological order from youngest to oldest.
greenhouse gases
geologic column
absolute time
continental shelf
44. Highly mafic igneous volcanic rock & typically fine-grained and dark in color; rough volcanic equivalent of gabbro. Basalt is the most abundant volcanic rock in the Earth's crust.
seismoscope
delta
pyroclastic
basalt
45. Heat transport by moving particles & and the thermal energy that they carry & to a new location.
convection
Saturn
beach
suspended load
46. A depression in the ground formed by the melting of a block of glacier ice buried or partially buried by drift.
observator
anemometer
acid
kettle
47. He area from which a stream and its tributaries receives its water.
geyser
intensity
drainage basin
silicate
48. The process of one plate descending beneath another.
subduction
stalagmite
epicenter
magnetic polarity
49. Elongated rises on the ocean floor where basalt periodically erupts & forming new oceanic crust.
epicenter
mid-ocean ridges
observator
s- wave (secondary wave & shear wave)
50. A worldwide change in sea level & such as caused by melting glaciers.
magnetic equator
resources
oal
eustatic change in sea level
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