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Earth Science

Subject : science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. As applied to glacier ice & the process by which ice below the snow line is wasted by evaporation and melting.






2. The speed at which water flows.






3. Ratio between weight of given volume of material and weight of equal volume of pure water.






4. The area bordering a stream over which water spreads when the stream tops its channel banks.






5. The chronological sequence of units of Earth time.






6. The two days of the year on which neither hemisphere is tilted toward or away from the sun.






7. The great circle on the Earth's surface passing through The North and South Poles & which is considered 0 degrees longitude. The prime meridian passes through Greenwich & England & and is used as a reference point for measuring longitude east and w






8. Pertaining to clastic material formed by volcanic explosion or aerial expulsion from a volcanic vent.






9. A layer of sedimentary rock; plural is strata.






10. An isolated & steep-sided & rocky mass or island just offshore from a rocky headland & usually on a shore platform.






11. A rock changed from its original form and/or composition by heat & pressure &shearing stress & or chemically active fluids & or some combination of them.






12. Large area of extremely flat ocean floor lying near a continent and generally over 4 km in depth.






13. The generally dark & more or less stable part of the organic matter in a soil & so well decomposed that the original sources cannot be identified.






14. A pillar formed as a stalactite and stalagmite meet.






15. A supercontinent that existed from the Jurassic to Early Tertiary after splitting from Pangea; composed of Laurentia & Baltica & Avalonia & (modern North America & Scandinavia & Greenland & Western and Central Europe); eventually fragmented into Eur






16. The southern portion of the late Paleozoic supercontinent known as Pangea. It means & literally 'Land of the Gonds' (a people of the Indian subcontinent).The supercontinent existed from Cambrian to Jurassic time & mainly composed of South America &






17. A device containing a free-swinging magnetic needle that is attracted to Earth's magnetic North Pole. Used to determine direction of travel.






18. Evidence in rock of the presence of past life & such as a dinosaur bone & an ancient clam shell & or the footprint of a long-extinct animal as well as life history artifacts.






19. The resistance of a mineral to scratching & as measured by the Mohs scale.






20. Any natural concentration of a valuable material in the Earth's crust & whether that material can be extracted profitably or not.






21. The part of the crust that directly underlies the continents and continental shelves. Averages about 35 km in thickness & but may be over 70 km thick under largest mountain ranges.






22. The direction & north (normal) or south (reversed) & that a magnetic compass needle points.






23. A vent in the surface of the Earth & from which lava & ash & and gases erupt.






24. The acidity in rain due to gases from internal combustion engines and coal- and oil-burning power plants.






25. The vertical distance between the crest and adjacent trough of a wave.






26. A segment of an active fault zone that has not experienced a major earthquake during a time period when most other segments of the zone have. They are generally regarded as having a higher potential for future earthquakes.






27. Property possessed by certain rocks of breaking with relative ease along parallel planes or nearly parallel surfaces in their crystal structures where the bonds are weakest.






28. He area from which a stream and its tributaries receives its water.






29. The Sun with all the celestial bodies that revolve around it.






30. The tendency of a moving object to continue in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place.






31. The generally dark & more or less stable part of the organic matter in a soil & so well decomposed that the original sources cannot be identified.






32. A stone or boulder & glacially transported from place of origin and left in an area of different bedrock composition.






33. A mound or ridge of sediment deposited by a glacier.






34. A soft compact calcite & CaCO3 & with varying amounts of silica & quartz & feldspar & or other mineral impurities & generally gray-white or yellow-white and derived chiefly from fossil seashells.






35. The part of the crust that directly underlies the continents and continental shelves. Averages about 35 km in thickness & but may be over 70 km thick under largest mountain ranges.






36. The closest star to Earth besides the sun. It is approximately 4 light years away.






37. A general term including both oil and natural gas.






38. A steep-sided rounded extrusion of highly viscous lava squeezed out from a volcano and forming a dome-shaped or bulbous mass above and around the volcanic vent. The structure generally develops inside a volcanic crater.






39. The environment where a particular plant or animal is normally found.






40. The transformation of a soil from a solid to a liquid state as the result of increased pore pressure.






41. A minor tremor that precedes an earthquake. An increase in seismicity may signal that a major release of strain energy is about to occur.






42. Uranus is named after the Roman god of the sky. It is the seventh planet from the Sun.






43. Heat transport by moving particles & and the thermal energy that they carry & to a new location.






44. Mountains & characterized by extensive folding and thrust faulting & that form at convergent plate boundaries on continents.






45. The line formed by the intersection of the axial plane of a fold with a bedding plane & marking where the bed shows its maximum curvature.






46. The rock beneath the soil.






47. The straightening and/or deepening of a river channel.






48. A conical volcano formed by the accumulation of pyroclastic debris around a vent.






49. A waterway from open ocean into a lagoon.






50. The internal resistance to flow in a liquid.







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