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Earth Science

Subject : science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A vent in the surface of the Earth & from which lava & ash & and gases erupt.






2. A large area of flat or nearly flat land.






3. Surficial mining & in which the valuable rock is exposed by removal of overlying rock or soil.






4. Any seismic wave that travels through the body of Earth & rather than along its surface.






5. Mountains & characterized by extensive folding and thrust faulting & that form at convergent plate boundaries on continents.






6. The current geologic era & which began 66.4 million years ago and continues to the present.






7. Any object that revolves around another object in space.






8. A thick layer of soil.






9. A sedimentary rock composed primarily of biogenic sediments.






10. A process of erosion in which wind carries off particles of dust and sand.






11. Pluto is named after the Roman god of the Underworld. No longer considered a planet.






12. That portion of the resources for a valuable mineral commodity that can be extracted from the Earth at a profit today.






13. Pertaining to clastic material formed by volcanic explosion or aerial expulsion from a volcanic vent.






14. A ridge of high water associated with a hurricane and which floods over the shore .






15. Swamp that forms in the low lying flood plain behind a levee.






16. A cyclical pattern of movement in a fluid body such as the ocean & the atmosphere & or the Earth's mantle & driven by density variations which in turn are the result of differences in temperature from one part of the fluid to another.






17. A vent on the seafloor from which hydrothermal fluids are emitted. Upon mixing with seawater and cooling & the fluids precipitate a cloud of fine-grained sulfide minerals that resembles a cloud of black smoke.






18. Pertaining to clastic material formed by volcanic explosion or aerial expulsion from a volcanic vent.






19. A comet that passed Earth in 1997 and won't return to the inner solar system until the year 4377.






20. The acidity in rain due to gases from internal combustion engines and coal- and oil-burning power plants.






21. A reverse fault on which the dip angle of the fault plane is 15 degrees or less.






22. A natural open space underground & large enough for a person to enter. Most commonly occur by the dissolution of soluble rocks & generally limestone.






23. A lake in an abandoned meander.






24. A commonly used measure of earthquake magnitude & based on a logarithmic scale. Each integral step on the scale represents a tenfold increase in the extent of ground shaking & as recorded on a seismograph.






25. The vertical distance between the crest and adjacent trough of a wave.






26. A delta formed at both sides of a tidal inlet.






27. Deposition of fine mineral particles (silt) on the beds of streams or lakes.






28. Temporary accumulations of sediments that collect between low and high water marks.






29. The amount of material a stream carries in suspension.






30. Uranus is named after the Roman god of the sky. It is the seventh planet from the Sun.






31. Any place where bedrock is visible on the surface of the Earth.






32. The weak or 'soft' zone in the upper mantle just below the lithosphere & involved in plate movement and isostatic adjustments. It lies 70 to 100 km below the surface and may extend to a depth of 400 km.






33. The process of mountain building.






34. A group of islands; an expanse of water with scattered islands.






35. A time of unusual winds and currents in the Pacific Ocean . El Nino generally causes warmer-than-normal sea surface temperatures and increased rainfall and storm activity.






36. An area of land that delivers runoff water & sediment & and dissolved substances to surface water bodies & such as rivers or lakes. All watersheds consist of boundaries & a basin and collection areas.






37. A flood that rises and falls very rapidly.






38. Gases that can be dissociated by solar radiation & which releases chlorine & which in turn destroys ozone.

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39. A Hawaiian term for a basaltic lava flow with a smooth & or ropy surface.






40. A curved belt of volcanic islands lying above a subduction zone.






41. A process of erosion in which wind carries off particles of dust and sand.






42. A seismic body wave that involves particle motion & alternating compression and expansion & in the direction of wave propagation. It is the fastest seismic wave. compare S-wave .






43. The arrangement of rock units in the proper chronological order from youngest to oldest.






44. Highly mafic igneous volcanic rock & typically fine-grained and dark in color; rough volcanic equivalent of gabbro. Basalt is the most abundant volcanic rock in the Earth's crust.






45. Heat transport by moving particles & and the thermal energy that they carry & to a new location.






46. A depression in the ground formed by the melting of a block of glacier ice buried or partially buried by drift.






47. He area from which a stream and its tributaries receives its water.






48. The process of one plate descending beneath another.






49. Elongated rises on the ocean floor where basalt periodically erupts & forming new oceanic crust.






50. A worldwide change in sea level & such as caused by melting glaciers.







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