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Test your basic knowledge |
Earth Science
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. He area from which a stream and its tributaries receives its water.
continental slope
floodplain
drainage basin
basaltic
2. The first scientist to make systematic use of the telescope in looking at the heavens.
tell
caldera
transform boundary
Galileo
3. Extending across a continent.
pyroclastic
geologic column
Mars
transcontinental
4. The elevation at which snow persists throughout the year.
solar system
baseline study
snow line
solstice
5. The environment where a particular plant or animal is normally found.
nonfoliated
habitat
isostasy
Galileo
6. A hole or basin cut into bedrock of a stream by the abrasive action of pebbles and sand swirled by turbulent stream flow.
pothole
fluctuate
island arc
cone of depression
7. A rigid segment of the Earth's lithosphere that moves horizontally and adjoins other plates along zones of seismic activity. Plates may include portions of both continents and ocean basins.
plate
arid
sedimentary rock
conserve
8. An area where fresh water comes into contact with seawater & usually in a partly enclosed coastal body of water; a mix of fresh and salt water where the current of a stream meets the tides.
orogeny
rockslide (rock avalanche)
estuary
solstice
9. The portion of the continental margin that lies between the abyssal plain and the continental slope. The continental rise is underlain by crustal rocks of the ocean basin.
magnetic polarity
rockslide (rock avalanche)
acid rain
continental rise
10. 1. A steep-walled & usually conical depression at the summit or on the flanks of a volcano & resulting from the explosive ejection of material from a vent. 2. A bowl-shaped depression with a raised & overturned rim produced by the impact of a meteori
moon
sinkhole
crater
escarpment
11. In the geologic time scale a unit of time less than an era and greater than an epoch. Example: The Tertiary period was the earliest period in the Cenozoic era and included & among others & the Eocene epoch.
Cenozoic
terrestrial
period
Galileo
12. Applies to igneous rocks that cool on the surface of the Earth & including beneath water; typically with small crystals due to the rapidity of cooling. Synonym of extrusive. Antonym of plutonic.
tidal delta
epoch
volcanic
deflation
13. The study of earthquakes & and of the structure of the Earth by both natural and artificially generated seismic waves.
seismology
flood
stormwater runoff
lava dome
14. A glaciated valley now flooded by the sea.
calving
water clarity
fjord
cleavage
15. The top of a wave.
suspension
wave crest
epicenter
foreshock
16. A commonly used measure of earthquake magnitude & based on a logarithmic scale. Each integral step on the scale represents a tenfold increase in the extent of ground shaking & as recorded on a seismograph.
swash and back wash
continental divide
Richter scale
biogenic sediment
17. A large amount of gas and dust in space & spread out in an immense volume.
asthenosphere
specific gravity
discharge
nebula
18. The seaward edge of coast between low tide and effective wave action.
levees
cave
shore
silicate
19. The surface between the zone of saturation and the zone of aeration.
Pillow Lava
magma
superposition
water table
20. An isolated & steep-sided & rocky mass or island just offshore from a rocky headland & usually on a shore platform.
suspension
seamount
volcanic
seastack
21. A measure of acidity.
geothermal energy
rock cycle
atoll
pH
22. The most recent eon of geologic time beginning 570 million years ago and continuing to the present.
lava dome
rift (graben)
Phanerozoic
Uniformitarianism
23. A method of sediment transport in which the turbulence of a fluid is able to keep particles supported in the fluid.
oceanic crust
satellite
seismoscope
suspension
24. The average weather conditions of an area over many years & as measured by temperature & wind speed & and precipitation.
inertia
jetty
vesicle
climate
25. The speed at which water flows.
compression fossil
current speed
zone of leaching
satellite
26. The solid innermost part of the core with a diameter of a little over 1 &200 km.
volcanic ash
hot spot
Pluto
inner core
27. Jupiter is named after the Roman king of the gods. It is the fifth planet from the Sun.
weathering
casts
Jupiter
hydrologic cycle
28. A sedimentary rock composed primarily of biogenic sediments.
moon
Earth system
biogenic sedimentary rock
till (unstratified drift)
29. A valley caused by extension of the Earth's crust. Its floor forms as a portion of the crust moves downward along normal faults.
satellite
hardpan
intertidal zone
rift (graben)
30. The internal resistance to flow in a liquid.
stalagmite
viscosity
drainage divide
creep
31. The processes (mechanical and chemical) responsible for the wearing away & loosening & and dissolving of materials of the Earth's crust.
drought
rockfall
erosion
legend
32. A naturally occurring inorganic solid that has a well-defined chemical composition and in which atoms are arranged in an ordered fashion.
Mesozoic
mineral
abyssal plain
era
33. An instrument used to measure the speed of wind.
ground water
rain shadow deserts
anemometer
breakwater
34. An eon of geologic time extending from about 3.9 billion years to 2.5 billion years ago.
archaean
Paleozoic
triangulation
fluctuate
35. Elongated rises on the ocean floor where basalt periodically erupts & forming new oceanic crust.
urban
mid-ocean ridges
rock
drainage divide
36. To preserve & or to avoid wasteful use.
conserve
hardness
convection cell
s- wave (secondary wave & shear wave)
37. A unit of length used in sea navigation based on the length of 1 minute of arc on a great circle. On Earth & 1 minute of latitude.
cleavage
nautical mile
clastic
zone of leaching
38. Any solid material that has settled out of a state of suspension in liquid.
acid rain
s- wave (secondary wave & shear wave)
sediment
Cenozoic
39. The area immediately below the ground surface within which pore spaces are partially filled with water and partially filled with air.
chalk
zone of aeration
volcanic ash
bar
40. A hot & gaseous & self-luminous celestial body & as the Sun.
crater
volcano
oal
star
41. The zones of seismic activity long which plates are in contact.
trench
groundtruthing
watershed
plate boundaries
42. The amount of material a stream carries in suspension.
creep
oal
suspended load
eon
43. Similar to a groin but built to keep sand out of a harbor entrance.
mantle
moon
jetty
drainage divide
44. Rock formed from the accumulation of sediment & Which may consist of fragments and mineral grains of varying sizes from pre-existing rocks & remains or products of animals and plants & the products of chemical action & or mixtures of these.
vesicle
seafloor spreading
strip mining
sedimentary rock
45. The layer of gases (air) & that surrounds a planet or moon.
axis
atmosphere
extrusive
arid
46. The theory that states that the present-day continents are the fragmented pieces of preexisting larger landmasses called supercontinents.
zone of aeration
chlorophyll
Continntal Drift Theory
sedimentary rock
47. A lake in an abandoned meander.
gemstone
oxbow lake
till (unstratified drift)
arch
48. The height of a place above sea level.
volcano
eclipse
you-shaped valley
elevation
49. Lava extruded beneath water characterized by pillow shapes.
Pillow Lava
p- wave (primary wave & compressional wave)
swells
nonfoliated
50. Deep steep-sided depression in the ocean floor caused by the subduction of oceanic crust beneath either other oceanic crust or continental crust.
oceanic trench
thrust fault
bar
metamorphic rock