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Earth Science

Subject : science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A floating ice sheet extending across water from a land-based glacier.






2. The area bordering a stream over which water spreads when the stream tops its channel banks.






3. A sharp bend & loop or turn in a stream's course. When abandoned & it is called a meander scar or an oxbow.






4. The environment where a particular plant or animal is normally found.






5. The average weather conditions of an area over many years & as measured by temperature & wind speed & and precipitation.






6. A roughly circular reef with an occasional small & low & coral sand island surrounding a shallow lagoon.






7. Igneous. Antonym of intrusive. Synonym of volcanic. Pertaining to igneous rocks or features formed from lava released on the Earth's surface.






8. A vent in the surface of the Earth & from which lava & ash & and gases erupt.






9. Large area of extremely flat ocean floor lying near a continent and generally over 4 km in depth.






10. A collection of maps.






11. Verifying assessments made from satellite data by doing direct & 'on-the ground' measurements.






12. The relationship between distances in the area being mapped and distances in the map itself.






13. A mass of ice & formed by the recrystallization of snow & that flows forward & or has flowed at some time in the past.






14. The process of removing metal from ore.






15. A deposit of partly decayed plant remains in a very wet environment; marsh or swamp deposit of plant remains containing more than 50 percent carbon.






16. The naturally occurring material from which a mineral or minerals of economic value can be extracted at a profit.






17. The physical & chemical & and biological processes by which rock at or near the Earth's surface is broken down into smaller pieces.






18. Objects revolving around the sun that are too small and too numerous to be considered planets.






19. A division of geologic time next shorter than a period. Example: the Pleistocene epoch is in the Quaternary period.






20. A time of unusual winds and currents in the Pacific Ocean . El Nino generally causes warmer-than-normal sea surface temperatures and increased rainfall and storm activity.






21. A narrow & steep-walled depression in the ocean floor & much deeper than the adjacent ocean and associated with a subduction zone.






22. A group of stars that appear to make a pattern in the sky. The Big Dipper is a constellation.






23. Pertaining to clastic material formed by volcanic explosion or aerial expulsion from a volcanic vent.






24. Evidence in rock of the presence of past life & such as a dinosaur bone & an ancient clam shell & or the footprint of a long-extinct animal as well as life history artifacts.






25. An area subject to dust storms & especially south central United States .






26. The elevation at which snow persists throughout the year.






27. Weathering processes that are the result of chemical reactions. Example: the transformation of orthoclase to kaolinite.






28. A large amount of gas and dust in space & spread out in an immense volume.






29. A depression in the ground formed by the melting of a block of glacier ice buried or partially buried by drift.






30. Destruction of the ozone layer caused by the release of CFC's (chlorofluorocarbons) into the atmosphere which react chemically with ozone and break it down into different gases.






31. Any porous and permeable rock that yields oil or natural gas.






32. A statement of relative age in layered rocks: In a series of sedimentary rocks that has not been overturned & the topmost layer is always the youngest and the bottommost layer is always the oldest.






33. A broad & deep & generally straight furrow carved in bed rock by the abrasive action of debris embedded in a moving glacier. Larger and deeper than a glacial striation.






34. The tendency of a moving object to continue in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place.






35. The distance light travels through a vacuum in one year.






36. Sediment formed by chemical precipitation from water. Example: halite precipitated as the result of the evaporation of sea water.






37. Containing moisture.






38. A volcanic mountain on the seafloor. If flat-topped & it is a guyot.






39. The relationship between distances in the area being mapped and distances in the map itself.






40. The Earth's crust underlying the ocean basins which is formed at mid-oceanic ridges. It is typically 5 to 10 kilometers thick composed of basalt.






41. A narrow strip of land that has water on either side and connects two larger bodies of water.






42. A commonly used measure of earthquake magnitude & based on a logarithmic scale. Each integral step on the scale represents a tenfold increase in the extent of ground shaking & as recorded on a seismograph.






43. Glacial drift composed of rock fragments that range from clay to boulder size and randomly arranged without bedding.






44. A supercontinent that existed from the the end of the Permian to the Jurassic & 300 to 200 million years ago & assembled from large continents like Euramerica & Gondwana & and Siberia & as well as smaller landmasses like the Cathaysian and Cimmerian






45. All unconsolidated materials above bedrock. Natural earthy materials on the Earth's surface & in places modified or even made by human activity & containing living matter & and supporting or capable of supporting plants out of doors.






46. The partial or complete blocking from view of one object by another.






47. A tool for measuring the relative clarity of water.






48. A major drainage divide separating the drainage to one ocean from another.






49. Pertaining to or composed of granite & a coarse-grained igneous rock dominated by light-colored minerals & consisting of about 50 percent orthoclase & 25 percent quartz & and balance of feldspars and ferromagnesian silicates. Granite is commonly foun






50. The most recent eon of geologic time beginning 570 million years ago and continuing to the present.







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