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Test your basic knowledge |
Earth Science
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Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A curved belt of volcanic islands lying above a subduction zone.
island arc
surf
Sun
extrusive
2. A waterway from open ocean into a lagoon.
tidal inlet
Proxima Centauri
Richter scale
streak
3. A vent in the surface of the Earth & from which lava & ash & and gases erupt.
fluctuate
deposition
subtropical deserts
volcano
4. The pattern of water circulation from the ocean to the atmosphere to the land and back to the ocean.
orogeny
body wave
resources
hydrologic cycle
5. Any accumulation of material & by settling from water or air & chemical precipitation & evaporation from solution & etc.
Uniformitarianism
Richter scale
escarpment
deposition
6. The process of removing metal from ore.
hemisphere
equator
light-year
smelting
7. An area where fresh water comes into contact with seawater & usually in a partly enclosed coastal body of water; a mix of fresh and salt water where the current of a stream meets the tides.
drift
wave length
estuary
Precambrian
8. Enormous & thick sheets of rock that are part of the Earth's upper mantle that move and adjoin each other along zones of seismic activity. Many tectonic plates extend underneath both continents and sea floor.
groove
tectonic Plates
basaltic
fissure eruption
9. A soft compact calcite & CaCO3 & with varying amounts of silica & quartz & feldspar & or other mineral impurities & generally gray-white or yellow-white and derived chiefly from fossil seashells.
hydrologic cycle
sinkhole
chalk
renewable resources
10. A cavity in a lava & formed by the entrapment of a gas bubble during solidification of the lava.
intrusive
vesicle
tidal delta
surf
11. Heat extracted from the Earth for use as an power source.
geothermal energy
light-year
humid
urban
12. Flat land covered with tall grass and wildflowers.
Uranus
universe
nonfoliated
prairie
13. The speed at which water flows.
current speed
superposition
Hale-Bopp
drainage basin
14. Highly mafic igneous volcanic rock & typically fine-grained and dark in color; rough volcanic equivalent of gabbro. Basalt is the most abundant volcanic rock in the Earth's crust.
shield volcano
strip mining
stalagmite
basalt
15. Pertaining to clastic material formed by volcanic explosion or aerial expulsion from a volcanic vent.
pyroclastic
cave
body wave
reef
16. A group of stars that appear to make a pattern in the sky. The Big Dipper is a constellation.
primary productivity
nebula
watershed
constellation
17. The Earth's crust underlying the ocean basins which is formed at mid-oceanic ridges. It is typically 5 to 10 kilometers thick composed of basalt.
oceanic crust
continental shelf
loess
orogeny
18. Extending across a continent.
rockslide (rock avalanche)
transcontinental
smelting
open pit mining
19. An area in which a large number of windmills have been erected to generate electrical power.
Continntal Drift Theory
wind farm
fault
Mercury
20. The zone below the zone of aeration in which all pore spaces are filled with water.
Earth system
zone of saturation
Andromeda
pothole
21. Weathering processes that are the result of chemical reactions. Example: the transformation of orthoclase to kaolinite.
lava lake
pothole
decomposition (chemical weathering)
tidal delta
22. The Sun with all the celestial bodies that revolve around it.
storm surge
Pillow Lava
smelting
solar system
23. The accumulation of material in layers or beds.
acid rain
stratification
watershed
Galileo
24. The pattern of water circulation from the ocean to the atmosphere to the land and back to the ocean.
stratification
hydrologic cycle
fault
epicenter
25. A process by which salts accumulate in soil.
metamorphic rock
Modified Mercalli Scale
Hale-Bopp
salinization
26. The relationship between distances in the area being mapped and distances in the map itself.
groundtruthing
oceanic trench
seamount
scale
27. The way in which a rock or mineral breaks in random patterns rather than cleaving
Venus
volcano
fracture
sod
28. An icicle-shaped accumulation of dripstone hanging from cave roof.
geologic column
stalactite
subduction
soil
29. Deposits of wind-borne dust.
open pit mining
marine Chronometer
loess
glaciation
30. The height of a place above sea level.
elevation
Paleozoic
stormwater runoff
chalk
31. Property possessed by certain rocks of breaking with relative ease along parallel planes or nearly parallel surfaces in their crystal structures where the bonds are weakest.
primary productivity
cleavage
surf
p- wave (primary wave & compressional wave)
32. A continuous well-defined mass of material of sufficient ore content to make extraction economically feasible. compare mineral deposit.
divergent boundary
universe
ore deposit
Hale-Bopp
33. To preserve & or to avoid wasteful use.
estuary
Pluto
conserve
mesosphere
34. The theory of Plate Tectonics states that the Earth's crust is fragmented into a dozen or more large and small pieces floating on a semi-molten mantle.
zone of saturation
beach
plate tectonics
suspension
35. The distance between two successive wave crests or troughs.
rain shadow deserts
Pluto
wave length
oceanic trench
36. A substance that produces negatively charged hydroxide ions ( OH- ) in water and reacts with acids to form salts.
comet
inertia
seismograph
base
37. An atmospheric shield providing the Earth with protection from ultra-violet rays which can cause sun burn & skin cancer and the destruction of the delicate plant life which supports the planet's food chain.
nova -- (Supernova)
seismic gap
epoch
ozone layer
38. Produced as a wave steepens and falls forward as the wave nears the shore.
surf
Mars
prairie
secchi disk
39. A valley caused by extension of the Earth's crust. Its floor forms as a portion of the crust moves downward along normal faults.
disintegration (mechanical weathering)
swash and back wash
siltation
rift (graben)
40. A narrow & steep-walled depression in the ocean floor & much deeper than the adjacent ocean and associated with a subduction zone.
stalactite
surf
trench
galaxy
41. The seaward edge of coast between low tide and effective wave action.
geothermal energy
oceanic crust
cleavage
shore
42. A famous scientist who proposed that the Sun was the center of the solar system not the Earth. (Heliocentrism)
drainage basin
solstice
Copernicus & Nicholas
cone of depression
43. The study of earthquakes & and of the structure of the Earth by both natural and artificially generated seismic waves.
atmosphere
seismology
bedrock
storm surge
44. Any accumulation of material & by settling from water or air & chemical precipitation & evaporation from solution & etc.
floodplain
nutrient
deposition
ore deposit
45. The sum of the processes that result in the wearing away or the progressive lowering of the Earth's surface by weathering & erosion & mass wasting & and transportation.
Pangea
denudation
archipelago
drainage divide
46. The process of mountain building.
estuary
orogeny
basalt
levees
47. Any solid material that has settled out of a state of suspension in liquid.
Pangea
period
sediment
fold
48. 1. A low & bowl-shaped area of land surrounded by higher lands. 2. any large depression in which sediments are deposited.
basin
reserves
column
thrust fault
49. A building that contains one or more telescopes.
cone of depression
crater
desertification
observator
50. A mound or ridge of sediment deposited by a glacier.
moraine
hot spot
fluctuate
hydrologic cycle
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