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Test your basic knowledge |
Earth Science
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Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A minor tremor that precedes an earthquake. An increase in seismicity may signal that a major release of strain energy is about to occur.
plate
foreshock
fold
tell
2. A vent in the surface of the Earth & from which lava & ash & and gases erupt.
volcano
biogenic sedimentary rock
soil
Greenhouse Effect
3. Weathering processes that are the result of chemical reactions. Example: the transformation of orthoclase to kaolinite.
drainage divide
magnetic pole
stratum
decomposition (chemical weathering)
4. The way in which a rock or mineral breaks in random patterns rather than cleaving
Prime Meridian
hot spot
lava
fracture
5. A conical volcano formed by the accumulation of pyroclastic debris around a vent.
cinder cone
stratification
rain shadow deserts
body wave
6. A type of thermal spring which ejects water intermittently with considerable force.
equinox
geyser
runoff
biogenic sedimentary rock
7. Living in water.
geologic time scale
Proterozoic
wave height
aquatic
8. The zone below the zone of aeration in which all pore spaces are filled with water.
transcontinental
reserves
isostasy
zone of saturation
9. A segment of an active fault zone that has not experienced a major earthquake during a time period when most other segments of the zone have. They are generally regarded as having a higher potential for future earthquakes.
fold
seismic gap
permafrost
Earth
10. An eon of geologic time extending from about 3.9 billion years to 2.5 billion years ago.
terrestrial
shield volcano
caldera
archaean
11. Flat land covered with tall grass and wildflowers.
water table
prairie
fossil fuel
convection
12. An imaginary circle around the earth that represents the halfway mark between the North and South Poles and establishes the boundary between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.
equator
Phanerozoic
aftershock
rapids
13. The initial point within the Earth that ruptures in an earthquake & directly below the epicenter. The point within the Earth which is the center of an earthquake & at which strain energy is first released and converted to elastic wave energy.
Precambrian
focus
fault
tidal inlet
14. The process by which building stone & usually in blocks or sheets & is extracted from the Earth. radiation -- (Electromagnetic radiation) -- energy that travels through space in the form of waves without the intervention of matter & as in the transp
quarrying
reservoir rock
asteroid
coast
15. The low spot between two successive waves.
black hole
rift (graben)
seismograph
wave trough
16. No identifiable layers of minerals in a rock sample
mantle
compass
nonfoliated
tidal inlet
17. The principle that states the processes operating to change the Earth in the present also operated in the past.
Uniformitarianism
collisional Boundary
Galileo
fissure eruption
18. 1. Breach in a natural levee . 2. Deep crevice or open fracture in glacier ice.
floodplain
lava dome
clast
crevasse
19. A group of stars that appear to make a pattern in the sky. The Big Dipper is a constellation.
ozone depletion
constellation
cinder cone
mesosphere
20. One of several rock-forming minerals that contain at least 95% silica (quartz). and usually one or more other common elements.
vesicle
foliated
silicate
lithification
21. An ingredient in a food or other substance that nourishes or promotes growth.
Continntal Drift Theory
nutrient
epoch
karst
22. A vertical conduit through the Earth's crust below a volcano & through Which magma has passed.
chalk
subduction zone
pipe
sandstorm
23. The process by which building stone & usually in blocks or sheets & is extracted from the Earth. radiation -- (Electromagnetic radiation) -- energy that travels through space in the form of waves without the intervention of matter & as in the transp
erratic
quarrying
fracture
outer core
24. A blanket of wind-driven sand with an upper surface about a meter above ground level.
particulate air pollution
viscosity
sandstorm
Saturn
25. The accumulation of material in layers or beds.
stratification
p- wave (primary wave & compressional wave)
biogenic sediment
denudation
26. The average weather conditions of an area over many years & as measured by temperature & wind speed & and precipitation.
nuee ardente
climate
inner core
silicate
27. Woodland that usually gets at least 100 inches of rain each year.
atmosphere
Galileo
rainforest
basaltic
28. An aggregate of one or more minerals in varying proportions.
clastic
rock
reef
suspension
29. The closest star to Earth besides the sun. It is approximately 4 light years away.
Proxima Centauri
seismology
striations
eclipse
30. The very small particles of dirt & soot & and other pollutants that are present in the air.
Pillow Lava
mesosphere
particulate air pollution
continental rise
31. The process of mountain building.
orogeny
anemometer
seismograph
hydrologic cycle
32. Either the northern or southern half of the Earth as divided by the equator & or the eastern or western half as divided by a meridian.
clast
hemisphere
Richter scale
meander
33. A hydrocarbon (coal or petroleum) that can be extracted from the Earth for use as a fuel. Fossil fuels are non-renewable energy sources.
ground moraine
crater
rock
fossil fuel
34. An abandoned meander .
streak
continental divide
oxbow
groin
35. The two days of the year on which the noon sun is directly overhead at either 23.5
ozone depletion
elevation
Hale-Bopp
solstice
36. Till deposited from main body of glacier during ablation.
Milky Way
ground moraine
Global Positioning System (GPS)
aquatic
37. An era of time during the Phanerozoic eon lasting from 245 million years ago to 66.4 million ago.
salinization
Uranus
Mesozoic
foliated
38. As applied to glacier ice & the process by which ice below the snow line is wasted by evaporation and melting.
lava flood (plateau basalt)
quarrying
reservoir rock
ablation
39. An instrument that merely indicates the occurrence of an earthquake.
biogenic sediment
Pluto
seismoscope
lithification
40. The galaxy where Earth is located.
Milky Way
triangulation
collisional Boundary
pH
41. The primary division of geologic time which are & from oldest to youngest & the Hadean & Archean & Proterozoic & and Phanerozoic eons.
fringing reef
convection
eon
s- wave (secondary wave & shear wave)
42. A method of sediment transport in which the turbulence of a fluid is able to keep particles supported in the fluid.
nebula
landforms
suspension
ore deposit
43. The presence of layers in some rocks caused by parallel alignment of minerals.
foliated
mineral deposit
caldera
surf
44. A rigid segment of the Earth's lithosphere that moves horizontally and adjoins other plates along zones of seismic activity. Plates may include portions of both continents and ocean basins.
plate
loess
chalk
satellite
45. The outermost layer of the Earth & varying in thickness from about 10 kilometers (6 miles) below the oceans & to 65 kilometers (about 40 miles) below the continents; represents less than 1 percent of the Earth's volume.
archipelago
crust
peat
fringing reef
46. A large & basin-shaped volcanic depression & more or less circular in form. Typically steep-sided & found at the summit of a shield volcano.
caldera
tell
flood
collisional Boundary
47. Bent rock strata.
column
ice sheet
fold
seismology
48. A coral reef attached directly to the mainland.
water clarity
pH
particulate air pollution
fringing reef
49. A lake in an abandoned meander.
volcanic ash
fissure eruption
plate
oxbow lake
50. A type of disintegration in which jointed rock is forced apart by the expansion of water as it freezes in fractures.
estuary
inertia
magnitude
frost wedging
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