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Earth Science

Subject : science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The closest star to Earth besides the sun. It is approximately 4 light years away.






2. The process by which a binding & or cementing & agent is precipitated in spaces among individual particles of a deposit. Common cementing agents are calcite & quartz & and dolomite.






3. A chuck of rock or dust in space.






4. An area of land that delivers runoff water & sediment & and dissolved substances to surface water bodies & such as rivers or lakes. All watersheds consist of boundaries & a basin and collection areas.






5. A flat & dry plain covered with short grass.






6. Any of various minerals prized for beauty & durability & and rarity. A few noncrystalline materials of organic origin (e.g. & pearl & red coral & and amber) also are classified as gemstones.






7. The top of a wave.






8. A thick layer of soil.






9. A fracture or zone of fractures along the boundaries of tectonic plates where movement has taken place.






10. The line separating land and water.






11. Imaginary lines on a map or globe that measure distance in degrees north or south of the equator. Latitude lines extend horizontally & from east to west on a globe.






12. A layer of sedimentary rock; plural is strata.






13. A downward distortion or dimple in the water table that forms as a well pumps water faster than it can flow through the aquifer.






14. The two days of the year on which neither hemisphere is tilted toward or away from the sun.






15. A broad & deep & generally straight furrow carved in bed rock by the abrasive action of debris embedded in a moving glacier. Larger and deeper than a glacial striation.






16. Where two plates are moving in opposite directions as in a mid-ocean ridge.






17. A study designed to collect critical data to be used for comparison or as a control in a later study.






18. The galaxy where Earth is located.






19. Mercury is named after the Roman messenger of the gods. It is the closest to the Sun.






20. The oldest eon in Earth history & extending from the origin of the Earth to about 3.9 billion years ago.






21. Plutonic. Antonym of extrusive. Pertaining to igneous rocks or features formed by the emplacement of magma in pre-existing rocks.






22. The chronological sequence of units of Earth time.






23. The accumulation of material in layers or beds.






24. 1. A steep-walled & usually conical depression at the summit or on the flanks of a volcano & resulting from the explosive ejection of material from a vent. 2. A bowl-shaped depression with a raised & overturned rim produced by the impact of a meteori






25. The outermost part of the core. It is liquid & about 1 &700 km thick & and separated from the inner & solid core by a transition zone about 565 km thick.






26. A landscape that develops from the action of ground water in areas of easily soluble rocks. It is usually characterized by caves & underground drainage and sinkholes.






27. The amount of material a stream carries in suspension.






28. The attractive force between two objects; its magnitude depends on their masses and the distance between them.






29. An area of land that delivers runoff water & sediment & and dissolved substances to surface water bodies & such as rivers or lakes. All watersheds consist of boundaries & a basin and collection areas.






30. Iron & aluminum & magnesium & manganese & and titanium. Ores of the abundant metals only need to be 3 - 5 times as metal-rich as average rock.






31. A flood that rises and falls very rapidly.






32. The great circle on the Earth's surface passing through The North and South Poles & which is considered 0 degrees longitude. The prime meridian passes through Greenwich & England & and is used as a reference point for measuring longitude east and w






33. The Earth's crust underlying the ocean basins which is formed at mid-oceanic ridges. It is typically 5 to 10 kilometers thick composed of basalt.






34. The prediction that climate will warm as a result of the addition to the atmosphere of humanly produced greenhouse gases.






35. A method of sediment transport in which the turbulence of a fluid is able to keep particles supported in the fluid.






36. Refers to rock or sediments made up primarily of broken fragments of pre-existing rocks or minerals.






37. A general term for a relatively hard layer of soil at or just below the ground surface & cemented by silica & iron oxide & calcium carbonate & or organic matter.






38. Fossils formed when water containing minerals leaks into a mold. The minerals harden to form a copy of the original structure or organism.






39. A floating ice sheet extending across water from a land-based glacier.






40. The tendency of a moving object to continue in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place.






41. The point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake.






42. A community of plants and/or animals and its physical environment & regarded as a unit.






43. The rise and fall of sea level caused by the gravitational pull of the Sun and Moon on the Earth.






44. An icicle-shaped accumulation of dripstone hanging from cave roof.






45. Heat transport by direct transfer of energy from one particle to another & without moving the particle to a new location.






46. The outermost layer of the Earth & varying in thickness from about 10 kilometers (6 miles) below the oceans & to 65 kilometers (about 40 miles) below the continents; represents less than 1 percent of the Earth's volume.






47. He area from which a stream and its tributaries receives its water.






48. A valley carved by glacier erosion and whose cross-valley profile has steep sides and a nearly flat floor & suggestive of a large letter 'you'.






49. All unconsolidated materials above bedrock. Natural earthy materials on the Earth's surface & in places modified or even made by human activity & containing living matter & and supporting or capable of supporting plants out of doors.






50. The reflection of light on a given mineral's surface & classified by intensity and quality.







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