Test your basic knowledge |

Earth Science

Subject : science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A volcano in the shape of a flattened cone & broad and low & built by very fluid flows of basaltic lava.






2. The arrangement of rock units in the proper chronological order from youngest to oldest.






3. A region of high heat flow on the Earth's surface & thought to lie above a mantle plume .






4. Pluto is named after the Roman god of the Underworld. No longer considered a planet.






5. A thick layer of soil.






6. Heat transport by direct transfer of energy from one particle to another & without moving the particle to a new location.






7. The partial or complete blocking from view of one object by another.






8. An area of land that delivers runoff water & sediment & and dissolved substances to surface water bodies & such as rivers or lakes. All watersheds consist of boundaries & a basin and collection areas.






9. Any form of water & such as rain & sleet & or snow & that falls to Earth's surface.






10. A hole or basin cut into bedrock of a stream by the abrasive action of pebbles and sand swirled by turbulent stream flow.






11. A layer of sedimentary rock; plural is strata.






12. Applies to igneous rocks that cool on the surface of the Earth & including beneath water; typically with small crystals due to the rapidity of cooling. Synonym of extrusive. Antonym of plutonic.






13. The process of removing metal from ore.






14. Containing moisture.






15. A minor tremor that precedes an earthquake. An increase in seismicity may signal that a major release of strain energy is about to occur.






16. A planetary satellite.






17. The areas of & in & or constituting a city.






18. The theory of Plate Tectonics states that the Earth's crust is fragmented into a dozen or more large and small pieces floating on a semi-molten mantle.






19. The color of a mineral in its powdered form obtained from scraping a sample on a ceramic plate






20. Till deposited from main body of glacier during ablation.






21. A rock changed from its original form and/or composition by heat & pressure &shearing stress & or chemically active fluids & or some combination of them.






22. A study designed to collect critical data to be used for comparison or as a control in a later study.






23. That part of the continental margin that lies between the continental shelf and the continental rise. Slope relatively steep & 3o - 6o. The continental slope is underlain by crustal rocks of the continent.






24. An ingredient in a food or other substance that nourishes or promotes growth.






25. The upper horizons in a soil & through which gravitational moisture travels & removing soluble decomposition products.






26. A large volume of dust-sized particles lifted high into the atmosphere.






27. A broad & deep & generally straight furrow carved in bed rock by the abrasive action of debris embedded in a moving glacier. Larger and deeper than a glacial striation.






28. The seaward edge of coast between low tide and effective wave action.






29. The line that separates one drainage basin from another.






30. The concept of a sequence of events involving the formation & alteration & destruction and reformation of rocks as a result of geologic processes.






31. A mass of ice & formed by the recrystallization of snow & that flows forward & or has flowed at some time in the past.






32. Gases that can be dissociated by solar radiation & which releases chlorine & which in turn destroys ozone.

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33. The arrangement of rock units in the proper chronological order from youngest to oldest.






34. The weak or 'soft' zone in the upper mantle just below the lithosphere & involved in plate movement and isostatic adjustments. It lies 70 to 100 km below the surface and may extend to a depth of 400 km.






35. A fracture or zone of fractures along the boundaries of tectonic plates where movement has taken place.






36. That portion of the resources for a valuable mineral commodity that can be extracted from the Earth at a profit today.






37. A waste material that contaminates air & water & or soil.






38. Any molten material that is extrusive or volcanic & or the rock that forms from a molten extrusive. Molten rock that flows at the Earth's surface.






39. A division of geologic time next shorter than a period. Example: the Pleistocene epoch is in the Quaternary period.






40. The area immediately below the ground surface within which pore spaces are partially filled with water and partially filled with air.






41. An area subject to dust storms & especially south central United States .






42. The reflection of light on a given mineral's surface & classified by intensity and quality.






43. A large volume of dust-sized particles lifted high into the atmosphere.






44. The distance between two successive wave crests or troughs.






45. A coral reef separated from the mainland by a lagoon.






46. A Hawaiian term for a basaltic lava flow with a smooth & or ropy surface.






47. The persistence of wind-formed waves after wind ceases.






48. A small ice sheet.






49. A portable time keeper with a mechanism for ensuring accuracy and adjusting itself & used for determining longitude at sea.






50. Plutonic. Antonym of extrusive. Pertaining to igneous rocks or features formed by the emplacement of magma in pre-existing rocks.