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Test your basic knowledge |
Earth Science
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Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A period of dryness & that when prolonged & causes damage to crops; a shortage of water.
precipitation
satellite
drought
abyssal plain
2. Synonym of intrusive. Antonym of volcanic. Applies to igneous rocks formed beneath the surface of the Earth; typically with large crystals due to the slowness of cooling.
Prime Meridian
subtropical deserts
plutonic
discharge
3. A giant structure that contains hundreds of billions of stars.
mesosphere
scientific model
galaxy
escarpment
4. A sea level change due to change in load on Earth's crust.
isostatic change in sea level
barrier beaches
triangulation
creep
5. The generally dark & more or less stable part of the organic matter in a soil & so well decomposed that the original sources cannot be identified.
estuary
runoff
acid
humus
6. A tool for measuring the relative clarity of water.
denudation
Global Positioning System (GPS)
trench
secchi disk
7. A device containing a free-swinging magnetic needle that is attracted to Earth's magnetic North Pole. Used to determine direction of travel.
island arc
rain shadow deserts
transcontinental
compass
8. Ratio between weight of given volume of material and weight of equal volume of pure water.
specific gravity
quarrying
Uniformitarianism
humus
9. The very slow & generally continuous downslope movement of soil and debris under the influence of gravity.
creep
calving
permafrost
elevation
10. The partial or complete blocking from view of one object by another.
ozone
foliated
eclipse
hardpan
11. A cavity in a lava & formed by the entrapment of a gas bubble during solidification of the lava.
asteroid
precipitation
sextant
vesicle
12. The point on the Earth's surface that is directly above the focus of an earthquake.
epicenter
pathogen
discharge
clastic
13. An individual grain or constituent of a rock.
sandstorm
plate
terrestrial
clast
14. The environment where a particular plant or animal is normally found.
sand dune
arid
habitat
weathering
15. Scratches & or small channels & gouged by glacier action. Occur on boulders & pebbles & and bedrock. Striations along bedrock indicate direction of ice movement.
ore
hardpan
striations
Pelean eruption
16. The solid innermost part of the core with a diameter of a little over 1 &200 km.
inner core
Pillow Lava
volcanic
tidal delta
17. A measure of the size of an earthquake in terms of the damage it causes.
intensity
crevasse
latitude
biogenic sediment
18. A portable time keeper with a mechanism for ensuring accuracy and adjusting itself & used for determining longitude at sea.
marine Chronometer
inertia
boundary
Prime Meridian
19. A lake of lava & usually basaltic & in a volcanic caldera.
lava lake
oceanic crust
archipelago
conduction
20. The process by which a binding & or cementing & agent is precipitated in spaces among individual particles of a deposit. Common cementing agents are calcite & quartz & and dolomite.
cementation
lithosphere
convection cell
back swamp
21. Enormous & thick sheets of rock that are part of the Earth's upper mantle that move and adjoin each other along zones of seismic activity. Many tectonic plates extend underneath both continents and sea floor.
tectonic Plates
moon
Laurasia
acid
22. A detailed mathematical description of the cause-and-effect relationships between events that can be used to predict or explain other such events.
scientific model
terrestrial
conserve
aftershock
23. A narrow strip of land that has water on either side and connects two larger bodies of water.
isthmus
solstice
specific gravity
siltation
24. A substance that produces negatively charged hydroxide ions ( OH- ) in water and reacts with acids to form salts.
base
urban
swash and back wash
ecosystem
25. A hydrocarbon (coal or petroleum) that can be extracted from the Earth for use as a fuel. Fossil fuels are non-renewable energy sources.
fossil fuel
zone of leaching
foreshock
disintegration (mechanical weathering)
26. A curved belt of volcanic islands lying above a subduction zone.
basin
island arc
Saturn
lava lake
27. The most recent eon of geologic time beginning 570 million years ago and continuing to the present.
particulate air pollution
aquatic
Phanerozoic
breakwater
28. Any form of water & such as rain & sleet & or snow & that falls to Earth's surface.
precipitation
Global Positioning System (GPS)
striations
fetch
29. The theory that states that the present-day continents are the fragmented pieces of preexisting larger landmasses called supercontinents.
calving
Continntal Drift Theory
hydrologic cycle
Earth
30. A protective wall built offshore and usually parallel to the shore.
glaciation
lithification
icecap
breakwater
31. The region of a shore that is covered at high tide and exposed at low tide.
mantle
intertidal zone
nonfoliated
latitude
32. A commonly used scale of earthquake intensity.
drainage basin
reef
water clarity
Modified Mercalli Scale
33. Synonym of intrusive. Antonym of volcanic. Applies to igneous rocks formed beneath the surface of the Earth; typically with large crystals due to the slowness of cooling.
shore
volcano
inner core
plutonic
34. The remains of an extremely massive star pulled into a small volume by the force of gravity.
black hole
inertia
loess
siltation
35. The generally dark & more or less stable part of the organic matter in a soil & so well decomposed that the original sources cannot be identified.
humus
terrestrial
ice shelf
neptune
36. A large area with common features that set it apart from other areas.
region
extrusive
Earth
karst
37. An instrument that detects & magnifies & and records vibrations of the Earth & especially earthquakes.
terrestrial
seismograph
Galileo
scour
38. A vertical conduit through the Earth's crust below a volcano & through Which magma has passed.
smelting
isostatic change in sea level
abundant metal
pipe
39. A volcano in the shape of a flattened cone & broad and low & built by very fluid flows of basaltic lava.
sand dune
shield volcano
stalactite
eon
40. A comet that passed Earth in 1997 and won't return to the inner solar system until the year 4377.
transform boundary
scientific model
barrier beaches
Hale-Bopp
41. An area in which a large number of windmills have been erected to generate electrical power.
pothole
column
wind farm
lava dome
42. Pertaining to or composed of granite & a coarse-grained igneous rock dominated by light-colored minerals & consisting of about 50 percent orthoclase & 25 percent quartz & and balance of feldspars and ferromagnesian silicates. Granite is commonly foun
granitic
column
plain
Proterozoic
43. A Hawaiian term for a lava flow that has a rough & jagged surface.
fissure eruption
drainage basin
aa
black hole
44. A sharp bend & loop or turn in a stream's course. When abandoned & it is called a meander scar or an oxbow.
calving
meander
pathogen
strip mining
45. A Hawaiian term for a basaltic lava flow with a smooth & or ropy surface.
climate
chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's)
magnetic polarity
pahoehoe
46. An area in which a large number of windmills have been erected to generate electrical power.
wind farm
soil
stratification
ablation
47. Soil conditions prevailing in area whose mean annual temperature is 0o C.
renewable resources
permafrost
ozone layer
core
48. A measure of the strength of an earthquake based on the amount of movement recorded by a seismograph . compare Richter scale.
magnitude
flood
luster
convection cell
49. A sedimentary rock made up of chemical sediments. Example: rock salt.
siltation
storm surge
Gondwana
chemical sedimentary rock
50. The process by which ocean floors spread laterally from crests of main ocean ridges. As material moves laterally from the ridge & new material replaces it along the ridge crest by welling upward from the mantle.
moraine
water table
seafloor spreading
seismograph
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