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Earth Science

Subject : science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A narrow & steep-walled depression in the ocean floor & much deeper than the adjacent ocean and associated with a subduction zone.






2. Distance over which wave-forming winds blow.






3. A slide involving a downward and usually sudden movement of newly detached segments of bedrock sliding or slipping over an inclined surface of weakness such as a bedding plane & fault plane & or joint surface.






4. Extending across a continent.






5. Lava extruded beneath water characterized by pillow shapes.






6. The rise and fall of sea level caused by the gravitational pull of the Sun and Moon on the Earth.






7. A portable time keeper with a mechanism for ensuring accuracy and adjusting itself & used for determining longitude at sea.






8. A coral reef attached directly to the mainland.






9. A cavity in a lava & formed by the entrapment of a gas bubble during solidification of the lava.






10. A narrow strip of land that has water on either side and connects two larger bodies of water.






11. A wall built out from the shore & usually at perpendicular to it to trap sand carried by longshore currents .






12. A general term including both oil and natural gas.






13. Occurs at the intersection of the water table with the ground surface.






14. An area of land that delivers runoff water & sediment & and dissolved substances to surface water bodies & such as rivers or lakes. All watersheds consist of boundaries & a basin and collection areas.






15. Lies half way between the north and south magnetic poles.






16. A term applied to large areas of basaltic lava presumably extruded from fissures.






17. The outermost layer of the Earth & varying in thickness from about 10 kilometers (6 miles) below the oceans & to 65 kilometers (about 40 miles) below the continents; represents less than 1 percent of the Earth's volume.






18. A flat & dry plain covered with short grass.






19. A layer of sedimentary rock; plural is strata.






20. Destruction of the ozone layer caused by the release of CFC's (chlorofluorocarbons) into the atmosphere which react chemically with ozone and break it down into different gases.






21. The surface between the zone of saturation and the zone of aeration.






22. The speed at which water flows.






23. A waterway from open ocean into a lagoon.






24. A steep or vertical cliff & either above or below sea level.






25. The line formed by the intersection of the axial plane of a fold with a bedding plane & marking where the bed shows its maximum curvature.






26. A volcanic mountain on the seafloor. If flat-topped & it is a guyot.






27. Deserts formed by blocking moisture-bearing winds with mountain barriers.






28. Objects revolving around the sun that are too small and too numerous to be considered planets.






29. The effect of water and carbon dioxide absorbing outgoing infrared radiation & raising a system's temperature. The term is generally used with reference to the Earth's temperature & although it can also be applied to other systems & such as greenhous






30. A supercontinent that existed from the Jurassic to Early Tertiary after splitting from Pangea; composed of Laurentia & Baltica & Avalonia & (modern North America & Scandinavia & Greenland & Western and Central Europe); eventually fragmented into Eur






31. Deposition of fine mineral particles (silt) on the beds of streams or lakes.






32. A landscape that develops from the action of ground water in areas of easily soluble rocks. It is usually characterized by caves & underground drainage and sinkholes.






33. The region of a shore that is covered at high tide and exposed at low tide.






34. A mass of ice & formed by the recrystallization of snow & that flows forward & or has flowed at some time in the past.






35. A lake of lava & usually basaltic & in a volcanic caldera.






36. A method of sediment transport in which the turbulence of a fluid is able to keep particles supported in the fluid.






37. A volcanic mountain on the seafloor. If flat-topped & it is a guyot.






38. To change back and forth uncertainly.






39. The pattern of water circulation from the ocean to the atmosphere to the land and back to the ocean.






40. Surficial mining & in which the valuable rock is exposed by removal of overlying rock or soil.






41. A molecule composed of three atoms of oxygen and mostly found in the stratosphere. Though beneficial in the upper atmosphere & at ground level & ozone is called photochemical smog & and is a respiratory irritant and considered a pollutant.






42. A division of geologic time next shorter than a period. Example: the Pleistocene epoch is in the Quaternary period.






43. The upper horizons in a soil & through which gravitational moisture travels & removing soluble decomposition products.






44. Lies half way between the north and south magnetic poles.






45. A measure of the strength of an earthquake based on the amount of movement recorded by a seismograph . compare Richter scale.






46. A coral reef separated from the mainland by a lagoon.






47. A rigid segment of the Earth's lithosphere that moves horizontally and adjoins other plates along zones of seismic activity. Plates may include portions of both continents and ocean basins.






48. A mound or ridge of sediment deposited by a glacier.






49. A comet that passed Earth in 1997 and won't return to the inner solar system until the year 4377.






50. A process of land degradation initiated by human activity & particularly in the zones along the margins of deserts.







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