Test your basic knowledge |

Earth Science

Subject : science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The way in which a rock or mineral breaks in random patterns rather than cleaving






2. Saturn is named after the Roman god of the harvest. It is the sixth planet from the Sun.






3. An isolated & steep-sided & rocky mass or island just offshore from a rocky headland & usually on a shore platform.






4. The peak flow of water that tops the banks of a stream channel.






5. The transformation of a soil from a solid to a liquid state as the result of increased pore pressure.






6. The process by which a binding & or cementing & agent is precipitated in spaces among individual particles of a deposit. Common cementing agents are calcite & quartz & and dolomite.






7. A vertical conduit through the Earth's crust below a volcano & through Which magma has passed.






8. Bent rock strata.






9. The naturally occurring material from which a mineral or minerals of economic value can be extracted at a profit.






10. A rock that has crystallized from a molten state.






11. A supercontinent that existed from the the end of the Permian to the Jurassic & 300 to 200 million years ago & assembled from large continents like Euramerica & Gondwana & and Siberia & as well as smaller landmasses like the Cathaysian and Cimmerian






12. The sudden fall of one or more large pieces of a rock from a cliff.






13. The portion of the continental margin that extends as a gently sloping surface from the shoreline seaward to a marked change in slope at the top of the continental slope . Seaward depth averages about 130 m.






14. A mound or ridge of sediment deposited by a glacier.






15. A device built to study distant objects by making them appear closer.






16. A group of islands; an expanse of water with scattered islands.






17. A large volume of dust-sized particles lifted high into the atmosphere.






18. A spring whose temperature is 6.5o C or more above mean annual air temperature.






19. Igneous. Antonym of intrusive. Synonym of volcanic. Pertaining to igneous rocks or features formed from lava released on the Earth's surface.






20. An imaginary circle around the earth that represents the halfway mark between the North and South Poles and establishes the boundary between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.






21. A downward distortion or dimple in the water table that forms as a well pumps water faster than it can flow through the aquifer.






22. Of or relating to or containing basalt & a dark & dense & extrusive rock that has a silica content of 40% to 50% and makes up most of the ocean floor.






23. The galaxy where Earth is located.






24. A large & basin-shaped volcanic depression & more or less circular in form. Typically steep-sided & found at the summit of a shield volcano.






25. A sharp bend & loop or turn in a stream's course. When abandoned & it is called a meander scar or an oxbow.






26. A general term for a relatively hard layer of soil at or just below the ground surface & cemented by silica & iron oxide & calcium carbonate & or organic matter.






27. The line formed by the intersection of the axial plane of a fold with a bedding plane & marking where the bed shows its maximum curvature.






28. The processes of weathering by which physical actions such as frost wedging break down a rock into fragments & involving no chemical change.






29. Property possessed by certain rocks of breaking with relative ease along parallel planes or nearly parallel surfaces in their crystal structures where the bonds are weakest.






30. The processes of weathering by which physical actions such as frost wedging break down a rock into fragments & involving no chemical change.






31. A sedimentary rock composed of combustible matter derived from the partial decomposition of plant material.






32. The sum of the processes that result in the wearing away or the progressive lowering of the Earth's surface by weathering & erosion & mass wasting & and transportation.






33. Swamp that forms in the low lying flood plain behind a levee.






34. Lacking in rainfall & very dry.






35. Woodland that usually gets at least 100 inches of rain each year.






36. Materials that are found in nature that are useful or necessary for people to live.






37. The environment where a particular plant or animal is normally found.






38. The relationship between distances in the area being mapped and distances in the map itself.






39. Long narrow beaches separated in many places from the mainland by lagoons.






40. To change back and forth uncertainly.






41. The low spot between two successive waves.






42. A unit of length used in sea navigation based on the length of 1 minute of arc on a great circle. On Earth & 1 minute of latitude.






43. A valley caused by extension of the Earth's crust. Its floor forms as a portion of the crust moves downward along normal faults.






44. Either the northern or southern half of the Earth as divided by the equator & or the eastern or western half as divided by a meridian.






45. A curved belt of volcanic islands lying above a subduction zone.






46. The line separating land and water.






47. A fracture or zone of fractures along the boundaries of tectonic plates where movement has taken place.






48. Any seismic wave that travels through the body of Earth & rather than along its surface.






49. To preserve & or to avoid wasteful use.






50. Produced as a wave steepens and falls forward as the wave nears the shore.