Test your basic knowledge |

Earth Science

Subject : science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A rock that has crystallized from a molten state.






2. A narrow & elongate region in which one lithospheric plate descends relative to another.






3. The point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake.






4. A general term including both oil and natural gas.






5. A vent in the surface of the Earth & from which lava & ash & and gases erupt.






6. Any solid material that has settled out of a state of suspension in liquid.






7. Rock formed from the accumulation of sediment & Which may consist of fragments and mineral grains of varying sizes from pre-existing rocks & remains or products of animals and plants & the products of chemical action & or mixtures of these.






8. A permeable region of rock or soil through which ground water can move.






9. A narrow strip of land along the margin of the ocean extending inland for a variable distance from low water mark.






10. A waterway from open ocean into a lagoon.






11. Sediment formed by chemical precipitation from water. Example: halite precipitated as the result of the evaporation of sea water.






12. A large ridge or mound-like structure within a body of water that is built by calcareous organisms such as corals & red algae & and bivalves.






13. Extending across a continent.






14. A method of sediment transport in which the turbulence of a fluid is able to keep particles supported in the fluid.






15. A continuous well-defined mass of material of sufficient ore content to make extraction economically feasible. compare mineral deposit.






16. A method of sediment transport in which the turbulence of a fluid is able to keep particles supported in the fluid.






17. 1. A steep-walled & usually conical depression at the summit or on the flanks of a volcano & resulting from the explosive ejection of material from a vent. 2. A bowl-shaped depression with a raised & overturned rim produced by the impact of a meteori






18. Destruction of the ozone layer caused by the release of CFC's (chlorofluorocarbons) into the atmosphere which react chemically with ozone and break it down into different gases.






19. The generally dark & more or less stable part of the organic matter in a soil & so well decomposed that the original sources cannot be identified.






20. The relationship between distances in the area being mapped and distances in the map itself.






21. A process of erosion in which wind carries off particles of dust and sand.






22. Large area of extremely flat ocean floor lying near a continent and generally over 4 km in depth.






23. A study designed to collect critical data to be used for comparison or as a control in a later study.






24. A broad & deep & generally straight furrow carved in bed rock by the abrasive action of debris embedded in a moving glacier. Larger and deeper than a glacial striation.






25. Where one plate slides beneath another plate as the two are pushed together & a subduction zone.






26. Highly mafic igneous volcanic rock & typically fine-grained and dark in color; rough volcanic equivalent of gabbro. Basalt is the most abundant volcanic rock in the Earth's crust.






27. In the geologic time scale a unit of time less than an era and greater than an epoch. Example: The Tertiary period was the earliest period in the Cenozoic era and included & among others & the Eocene epoch.






28. The average weather conditions of an area over many years & as measured by temperature & wind speed & and precipitation.






29. An imaginary circle around the earth that represents the halfway mark between the North and South Poles and establishes the boundary between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.






30. The production of living matter by organisms that make food using sunlight or chemicals. Usually expressed as grams of carbon per square meter per year.






31. Swamp that forms in the low lying flood plain behind a levee.






32. Any molten material that is extrusive or volcanic & or the rock that forms from a molten extrusive. Molten rock that flows at the Earth's surface.






33. The dust-sized & sharp-edged & glassy particles resulting from an explosive volcanic eruption.






34. Materials that are found in nature that are useful or necessary for people to live.






35. The solid innermost part of the core with a diameter of a little over 1 &200 km.






36. The presence of layers in some rocks caused by parallel alignment of minerals.






37. Any place where bedrock is visible on the surface of the Earth.






38. The first scientist to make systematic use of the telescope in looking at the heavens.






39. The portion of the continental margin that extends as a gently sloping surface from the shoreline seaward to a marked change in slope at the top of the continental slope . Seaward depth averages about 130 m.






40. The processes (mechanical and chemical) responsible for the wearing away & loosening & and dissolving of materials of the Earth's crust.






41. In the geologic time scale a unit of time less than an era and greater than an epoch. Example: The Tertiary period was the earliest period in the Cenozoic era and included & among others & the Eocene epoch.






42. A flat & dry plain covered with short grass.






43. The explosion of a dying giant or supergiant star.






44. A layer of sedimentary rock; plural is strata.






45. Distance over which wave-forming winds blow.






46. The line that separates one drainage basin from another.






47. A measure of the strength of an earthquake based on the amount of movement recorded by a seismograph . compare Richter scale.






48. A delta formed at both sides of a tidal inlet.






49. Water that flows across watersheds during and immediately after severe rainstorms. In populated areas & stormwater runoff is often water that cannot be handled by existing sewer systems. Stormwater runoff is the leading source of water pollution in t






50. The color of a mineral in its powdered form obtained from scraping a sample on a ceramic plate