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Test your basic knowledge |
Earth Science
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Formed when an organism is flattened (compressed) and a thin film of organic material from its body is left in the rock.
continental crust
divergent boundary
compression fossil
dust devil
2. Any of various minerals prized for beauty & durability & and rarity. A few noncrystalline materials of organic origin (e.g. & pearl & red coral & and amber) also are classified as gemstones.
fossil fuel
groin
Paleozoic
gemstone
3. A mound or ridge of sediment deposited by a glacier.
scientific model
moraine
elevation
fossil
4. The point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake.
continental divide
ground water
epicenter
density
5. A broad & mound-like mass of glacier ice that usually spreads radially outward from a central zone.
ice sheet
primary productivity
Andromeda
black smoker
6. The theory that states that the present-day continents are the fragmented pieces of preexisting larger landmasses called supercontinents.
decomposition (chemical weathering)
longitude
Continntal Drift Theory
convergent boundary
7. The two days of the year on which neither hemisphere is tilted toward or away from the sun.
thrust fault
sedimentary rock
equinox
foliated
8. The area immediately below the ground surface within which pore spaces are partially filled with water and partially filled with air.
caldera
nebula
zone of aeration
stratovolcano (composite volcano)
9. A large volume of dust-sized particles lifted high into the atmosphere.
tide
dust storm
seismic sea wave (tsunami)
peat
10. A wall built out from the shore & usually at perpendicular to it to trap sand carried by longshore currents .
streak
compass
isostasy
groin
11. The peak flow of water that tops the banks of a stream channel.
Pelean eruption
flood
continental rise
swash and back wash
12. A plate boundary in which plates on opposite sides of the boundary move past each other in opposite directions. The San Andreas fault of California is a good example.
transform boundary
water table
flood
breakwater
13. Highly mafic igneous volcanic rock & typically fine-grained and dark in color; rough volcanic equivalent of gabbro. Basalt is the most abundant volcanic rock in the Earth's crust.
basalt
steppe
seastack
wave length
14. A seismic body wave that involves particle motion & alternating compression and expansion & in the direction of wave propagation. It is the fastest seismic wave. compare S-wave .
latitude
p- wave (primary wave & compressional wave)
Mercury
base
15. The current geologic era & which began 66.4 million years ago and continues to the present.
Cenozoic
humid
chlorophyll
seismic gap
16. Deserts formed by blocking moisture-bearing winds with mountain barriers.
magnetic pole
rain shadow deserts
climate
superposition
17. (Greek-Aphrodite)named after the Roman goddess of love. It is the planet closest in size to Earth and the second planted from the Sun.
exotic river
stratification
Venus
groin
18. A large amount of gas and dust in space & spread out in an immense volume.
stratum
Jupiter
epicenter
nebula
19. He area from which a stream and its tributaries receives its water.
focus
wave length
drainage basin
nebula
20. A collection of maps.
atlas
prairie
stratovolcano (composite volcano)
abyssal plain
21. The process by which building stone & usually in blocks or sheets & is extracted from the Earth. radiation -- (Electromagnetic radiation) -- energy that travels through space in the form of waves without the intervention of matter & as in the transp
quarrying
tidal delta
mesosphere
Copernicus & Nicholas
22. 1. A low & bowl-shaped area of land surrounded by higher lands. 2. any large depression in which sediments are deposited.
Greenhouse Effect
drift
basin
biogenic sedimentary rock
23. An area where fresh water comes into contact with seawater & usually in a partly enclosed coastal body of water; a mix of fresh and salt water where the current of a stream meets the tides.
estuary
terrestrial
geologic time scale
black smoker
24. The surface between the zone of saturation and the zone of aeration.
water table
seismoscope
chlorophyll
universe
25. Jupiter is named after the Roman king of the gods. It is the fifth planet from the Sun.
Jupiter
reef
rockslide (rock avalanche)
oal
26. Lacking in rainfall & very dry.
dust devil
sediment
caldera
arid
27. A thick layer of soil.
baseline study
sod
habitat
prairie
28. That portion of the Earth below the crust and reaching to about 2 &780 km & where a transition zone of about 100 km thickness separates it from the core.
luster
primary productivity
fjord
mantle
29. A slide involving a downward and usually sudden movement of newly detached segments of bedrock sliding or slipping over an inclined surface of weakness such as a bedding plane & fault plane & or joint surface.
rockslide (rock avalanche)
compression fossil
chlorophyll
tidal delta
30. Ratio between weight of given volume of material and weight of equal volume of pure water.
specific gravity
ablation
ecosystem
erratic
31. The peak flow of water that tops the banks of a stream channel.
ice shelf
groundtruthing
flood
flash flood
32. The prediction that climate will warm as a result of the addition to the atmosphere of humanly produced greenhouse gases.
crystal
aa
renewable resources
global warming
33. Destruction of the ozone layer caused by the release of CFC's (chlorofluorocarbons) into the atmosphere which react chemically with ozone and break it down into different gases.
seismic gap
spring
salinity
ozone depletion
34. A segment of an active fault zone that has not experienced a major earthquake during a time period when most other segments of the zone have. They are generally regarded as having a higher potential for future earthquakes.
geology
Venus
Cenozoic
seismic gap
35. A geometrical form taken by a mineral & giving external expression to orderly internal atomic arrangement.
seismic sea wave (tsunami)
crystal
water clarity
sextant
36. A division of geologic time next shorter than a period. Example: the Pleistocene epoch is in the Quaternary period.
epoch
crystal
fold
shore
37. A comet that passed Earth in 1997 and won't return to the inner solar system until the year 4377.
storm surge
cinder cone
rainforest
Hale-Bopp
38. The method of locating an epicenter by determining how far it lies from three widely separated seismographs.
glacier
triangulation
orogeny
continental rise
39. The processes (mechanical and chemical) responsible for the wearing away & loosening & and dissolving of materials of the Earth's crust.
jetty
erosion
hardness
calving
40. Pertaining to or composed of granite & a coarse-grained igneous rock dominated by light-colored minerals & consisting of about 50 percent orthoclase & 25 percent quartz & and balance of feldspars and ferromagnesian silicates. Granite is commonly foun
granitic
geyser
rainforest
ecosystem
41. A hydrocarbon (coal or petroleum) that can be extracted from the Earth for use as a fuel. Fossil fuels are non-renewable energy sources.
fossil fuel
nebula
era
shield volcano
42. A study designed to collect critical data to be used for comparison or as a control in a later study.
baseline study
superposition
cinder cone
salinization
43. A small & dust-bearing whirlwind.
eclipse
dust devil
Proterozoic
hot spot
44. Sediments produced directly by the life processes of plants or animals.
stormwater runoff
greenhouse gases
biogenic sediment
isthmus
45. A continuous well-defined mass of material of sufficient ore content to make extraction economically feasible. compare mineral deposit.
ore deposit
seismic gap
Mercury
abyssal plain
46. A seismic body wave that involves particle motion from side to side & perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation. S-waves are slower than P-waves and cannot travel through a liquid.
ice shelf
stratification
s- wave (secondary wave & shear wave)
weathering
47. Heat transport by moving particles & and the thermal energy that they carry & to a new location.
nonfoliated
convection
secchi disk
sedimentary rock
48. The theory of Plate Tectonics states that the Earth's crust is fragmented into a dozen or more large and small pieces floating on a semi-molten mantle.
magnitude
plain
plate tectonics
isostasy
49. The portion of the continental margin that lies between the abyssal plain and the continental slope. The continental rise is underlain by crustal rocks of the ocean basin.
fluctuate
continental rise
renewable resources
strip mining
50. Any solid material that has settled out of a state of suspension in liquid.
water clarity
wave length
sediment
nebula