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Test your basic knowledge |
Earth Science
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A unit of length used in sea navigation based on the length of 1 minute of arc on a great circle. On Earth & 1 minute of latitude.
nautical mile
erratic
ore deposit
caldera
2. Synonym of intrusive. Antonym of volcanic. Applies to igneous rocks formed beneath the surface of the Earth; typically with large crystals due to the slowness of cooling.
luster
stratification
plutonic
orogeny
3. An instrument used to measure the speed of wind.
clast
metamorphic rock
basin
anemometer
4. A sea wave produced by any large-scale & short duration disturbance on the seafloor & commonly a shallow submarine earthquake but possibly also a submarine slide or volcanic eruption.
Earth
back swamp
seismic sea wave (tsunami)
biogenic sedimentary rock
5. The peak flow of water that tops the banks of a stream channel.
mantle
flood
fringing reef
equinox
6. Verifying assessments made from satellite data by doing direct & 'on-the ground' measurements.
groundtruthing
desertification
greenhouse gases
collisional Boundary
7. An isolated & steep-sided & rocky mass or island just offshore from a rocky headland & usually on a shore platform.
seastack
water clarity
fjord
aa
8. The region of a shore that is covered at high tide and exposed at low tide.
open pit mining
terrestrial
superposition
intertidal zone
9. Lava extruded beneath water characterized by pillow shapes.
crust
smelting
divergent boundary
Pillow Lava
10. The symbol used on a map to indicate directions & both cardinal and ordinal.
escarpment
compass Rose
shore
chemical sedimentary rock
11. A valley caused by extension of the Earth's crust. Its floor forms as a portion of the crust moves downward along normal faults.
climate
rift (graben)
chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's)
water table
12. Bent rock strata.
reservoir rock
hardpan
fold
thermal spring
13. Where two plates collide to form mountains.
dust devil
icecap
collisional Boundary
inertia
14. No identifiable layers of minerals in a rock sample
nonfoliated
tide
telescope
drift
15. A flood that rises and falls very rapidly.
equator
flash flood
rock
Jupiter
16. Where one plate slides beneath another plate as the two are pushed together & a subduction zone.
Precambrian
latitude
convergent boundary
plutonic
17. The point on the Earth's surface where a magnetic needle points vertically downward (north magnetic pole) or vertically upward (south magnetic pole).
divergent boundary
ore deposit
magnetic pole
pyroclastic
18. The persistence of wind-formed waves after wind ceases.
Saturn
Galileo
icecap
swells
19. A sedimentary rock composed of combustible matter derived from the partial decomposition of plant material.
tectonic Plates
intertidal zone
bedrock
oal
20. A system that uses a constellation of 24 satellites & their ground stations & and individual GPS receivers to accurately locate points on Earth.
Precambrian
Global Positioning System (GPS)
siltation
longitude
21. Surficial mining & in which the valuable rock is exposed by removal of overlying rock or soil.
you-shaped valley
ablation
open pit mining
solar system
22. A vent on the seafloor from which hydrothermal fluids are emitted. Upon mixing with seawater and cooling & the fluids precipitate a cloud of fine-grained sulfide minerals that resembles a cloud of black smoke.
solstice
black smoker
terrestrial
fringing reef
23. A period of dryness & that when prolonged & causes damage to crops; a shortage of water.
drought
pyroclastic
Prime Meridian
flash flood
24. A type of volcanic eruption characterized by nuees ardentes and the development of lava domes.
nautical mile
Pelean eruption
bedrock
humid
25. A large & basin-shaped volcanic depression & more or less circular in form. Typically steep-sided & found at the summit of a shield volcano.
caldera
shore
latitude
rain shadow deserts
26. An astronomical instrument for measuring angles & primarily altitude of celestial bodies to determine latitude.
sextant
abyssal plain
beach
zone of leaching
27. Plutonic. Antonym of extrusive. Pertaining to igneous rocks or features formed by the emplacement of magma in pre-existing rocks.
Pangea
intrusive
plate boundaries
flood
28. The tendency of a moving object to continue in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place.
Phanerozoic
primary productivity
inertia
magnetic polarity
29. A commonly used measure of earthquake magnitude & based on a logarithmic scale. Each integral step on the scale represents a tenfold increase in the extent of ground shaking & as recorded on a seismograph.
caldera
erosion
compass Rose
Richter scale
30. A tool for measuring the relative clarity of water.
secchi disk
karst
core
gemstone
31. An instrument that detects & magnifies & and records vibrations of the Earth & especially earthquakes.
ablation
compression fossil
salinity
seismograph
32. A tool for measuring the relative clarity of water.
granitic
secchi disk
groundtruthing
climate
33. Where two plates collide to form mountains.
collisional Boundary
divergent boundary
intertidal zone
primary productivity
34. The geologic eon lying between the Archean and Phanerozoic eons & beginning about 2.5 billion years ago and ending about 0.57 billion years ago.
Proterozoic
fossil fuel
zone of aeration
lava dome
35. The weak or 'soft' zone in the upper mantle just below the lithosphere & involved in plate movement and isostatic adjustments. It lies 70 to 100 km below the surface and may extend to a depth of 400 km.
Sun
smelting
asthenosphere
drainage basin
36. A sharp bend & loop or turn in a stream's course. When abandoned & it is called a meander scar or an oxbow.
lahar
meander
pollutant
humus
37. A term applied to large areas of basaltic lava presumably extruded from fissures.
frost wedging
lava flood (plateau basalt)
creep
island arc
38. A Hawaiian term for a lava flow that has a rough & jagged surface.
ground moraine
aa
spring
stormwater runoff
39. Evidence in rock of the presence of past life & such as a dinosaur bone & an ancient clam shell & or the footprint of a long-extinct animal as well as life history artifacts.
fossil
habitat
marine Chronometer
basin
40. As applied to glacier ice & the process by which ice below the snow line is wasted by evaporation and melting.
rainforest
inner core
Earth
ablation
41. Any form of water & such as rain & sleet & or snow & that falls to Earth's surface.
s- wave (secondary wave & shear wave)
aftershock
intensity
precipitation
42. Lacking in rainfall & very dry.
tectonic Plates
oceanic trench
arid
hot spot
43. A detailed mathematical description of the cause-and-effect relationships between events that can be used to predict or explain other such events.
scientific model
ozone layer
mesosphere
water clarity
44. A ball of ice and dust & whose orbit is a long & narrow ellipse.
suspended load
Hadean
intrusive
comet
45. An area where fresh water comes into contact with seawater & usually in a partly enclosed coastal body of water; a mix of fresh and salt water where the current of a stream meets the tides.
groin
estuary
elevation
current speed
46. No identifiable layers of minerals in a rock sample
nonfoliated
suspended load
water clarity
seamount
47. The amount of material a stream carries in suspension.
suspended load
particulate air pollution
subduction
extrusive
48. Pertaining to clastic material formed by volcanic explosion or aerial expulsion from a volcanic vent.
drainage basin
groin
pyroclastic
biogenic sediment
49. A device containing a free-swinging magnetic needle that is attracted to Earth's magnetic North Pole. Used to determine direction of travel.
nuee ardente
chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's)
compass
tectonic Plates
50. Any accumulation of material & by settling from water or air & chemical precipitation & evaporation from solution & etc.
plain
deposition
clastic
mid-ocean ridges