Test your basic knowledge |

Earth Science

Subject : science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A supercontinent that existed from the Jurassic to Early Tertiary after splitting from Pangea; composed of Laurentia & Baltica & Avalonia & (modern North America & Scandinavia & Greenland & Western and Central Europe); eventually fragmented into Eur






2. The very slow & generally continuous downslope movement of soil and debris under the influence of gravity.






3. The low spot between two successive waves.






4. The layer of gases (air) & that surrounds a planet or moon.






5. A hydrocarbon (coal or petroleum) that can be extracted from the Earth for use as a fuel. Fossil fuels are non-renewable energy sources.






6. A naturally occurring inorganic solid that has a well-defined chemical composition and in which atoms are arranged in an ordered fashion.






7. A roughly circular reef with an occasional small & low & coral sand island surrounding a shallow lagoon.






8. Weathering processes that are the result of chemical reactions. Example: the transformation of orthoclase to kaolinite.






9. An icicle-shaped accumulation of dripstone hanging from cave roof.






10. A sea level change due to change in load on Earth's crust.






11. Shapes & like mountains or hills that make up the Earth's surface.






12. That portion of the resources for a valuable mineral commodity that can be extracted from the Earth at a profit today.






13. Elongated rises on the ocean floor where basalt periodically erupts & forming new oceanic crust.






14. The process of mountain building.






15. The tectonic region in which two plates meet.






16. Any place where bedrock is visible on the surface of the Earth.






17. The straightening and/or deepening of a river channel.






18. Formed when an organism is flattened (compressed) and a thin film of organic material from its body is left in the rock.






19. A permeable region of rock or soil through which ground water can move.






20. A large area of flat or nearly flat land.






21. A fracture or zone of fractures along the boundaries of tectonic plates where movement has taken place.






22. Mercury is named after the Roman messenger of the gods. It is the closest to the Sun.






23. An instrument used to measure the speed of wind.






24. The study of earthquakes & and of the structure of the Earth by both natural and artificially generated seismic waves.






25. The uprush of a wave onto the beach followed by the return flow of the water down the beach slope in the intervals between waves.






26. A guide to reading a map that typically contains distance scales & arrows indicating direction & and/or explanations of symbols used.






27. The outermost part of the core. It is liquid & about 1 &700 km thick & and separated from the inner & solid core by a transition zone about 565 km thick.






28. Produced as a wave steepens and falls forward as the wave nears the shore.






29. A supercontinent that existed from the Jurassic to Early Tertiary after splitting from Pangea; composed of Laurentia & Baltica & Avalonia & (modern North America & Scandinavia & Greenland & Western and Central Europe); eventually fragmented into Eur






30. The first scientist to make systematic use of the telescope in looking at the heavens.






31. A method of sediment transport in which the turbulence of a fluid is able to keep particles supported in the fluid.






32. A seismic body wave that involves particle motion & alternating compression and expansion & in the direction of wave propagation. It is the fastest seismic wave. compare S-wave .






33. An era of time during the Phanerozoic eon lasting from 245 million years ago to 66.4 million ago.






34. Molten rock & containing dissolved gases and suspended solid particles. At the Earth's surface & magma is known as lava.






35. A thickened elevated region of Earth's crust that is mainly (but not entirely) above sea level.






36. The theory of Plate Tectonics states that the Earth's crust is fragmented into a dozen or more large and small pieces floating on a semi-molten mantle.






37. A pillar formed as a stalactite and stalagmite meet.






38. A volcanic mountain on the seafloor. If flat-topped & it is a guyot.






39. The geologic eon lying between the Archean and Phanerozoic eons & beginning about 2.5 billion years ago and ending about 0.57 billion years ago.






40. An individual grain or constituent of a rock.






41. The region of a shore that is covered at high tide and exposed at low tide.






42. A supercontinent that existed from the the end of the Permian to the Jurassic & 300 to 200 million years ago & assembled from large continents like Euramerica & Gondwana & and Siberia & as well as smaller landmasses like the Cathaysian and Cimmerian






43. The amount of material a stream carries in suspension.






44. The process by which an unconsolidated deposit of sediments is converted in to solid rock.






45. A hot & gaseous & self-luminous celestial body & as the Sun.






46. The environment where a particular plant or animal is normally found.






47. The speed at which water flows.






48. An instrument that detects & magnifies & and records vibrations of the Earth & especially earthquakes.






49. The initial point within the Earth that ruptures in an earthquake & directly below the epicenter. The point within the Earth which is the center of an earthquake & at which strain energy is first released and converted to elastic wave energy.






50. Destruction of the ozone layer caused by the release of CFC's (chlorofluorocarbons) into the atmosphere which react chemically with ozone and break it down into different gases.