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Earth Science

Subject : science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The southern portion of the late Paleozoic supercontinent known as Pangea. It means & literally 'Land of the Gonds' (a people of the Indian subcontinent).The supercontinent existed from Cambrian to Jurassic time & mainly composed of South America &






2. The science that deals with the study of the planet Earth--the materials of which it is made & the processes that act to change these materials from one form to another & and the history recorded by these materials; the forces acting to deform the ou






3. Sediment formed by chemical precipitation from water. Example: halite precipitated as the result of the evaporation of sea water.






4. Gases (primarily water and carbon dioxide & but also a variety of sulfur and nitrogen compounds and gaseous hydrocarbons) that trap the Sun's heat in the atmosphere.






5. Scratches & or small channels & gouged by glacier action. Occur on boulders & pebbles & and bedrock. Striations along bedrock indicate direction of ice movement.






6. Living on land.






7. The most recent eon of geologic time beginning 570 million years ago and continuing to the present.






8. The process of mountain building.






9. A soft compact calcite & CaCO3 & with varying amounts of silica & quartz & feldspar & or other mineral impurities & generally gray-white or yellow-white and derived chiefly from fossil seashells.






10. A hole or basin cut into bedrock of a stream by the abrasive action of pebbles and sand swirled by turbulent stream flow.






11. A group of stars that appear to make a pattern in the sky. The Big Dipper is a constellation.






12. Reduction of pore space between individual particles as the result of overlying sediments or of tectonic movements.






13. Molten rock & containing dissolved gases and suspended solid particles. At the Earth's surface & magma is known as lava.






14. A continuous well-defined mass of material of sufficient ore content to make extraction economically feasible. compare mineral deposit.






15. An era of geologic time lasting from 570 to 245 million years ago.






16. A ball of ice and dust & whose orbit is a long & narrow ellipse.






17. An accumulation of wind driven sand into a distinctive shape.






18. A lake in an abandoned meander.






19. Turbulent stream water flow down a steep gradient & but not as steep as in a waterfall.






20. A device containing a free-swinging magnetic needle that is attracted to Earth's magnetic North Pole. Used to determine direction of travel.






21. Synonym of intrusive. Antonym of volcanic. Applies to igneous rocks formed beneath the surface of the Earth; typically with large crystals due to the slowness of cooling.






22. An era of time during the Phanerozoic eon lasting from 245 million years ago to 66.4 million ago.






23. 1. Breach in a natural levee . 2. Deep crevice or open fracture in glacier ice.






24. A lake of lava & usually basaltic & in a volcanic caldera.






25. The average weather conditions of an area over many years & as measured by temperature & wind speed & and precipitation.






26. A valley carved by glacier erosion and whose cross-valley profile has steep sides and a nearly flat floor & suggestive of a large letter 'you'.






27. The level of light that penetrates through water.






28. The surface between the zone of saturation and the zone of aeration.






29. A narrow strip of land along the margin of the ocean extending inland for a variable distance from low water mark.






30. A process by which salts accumulate in soil.






31. A collection of maps.






32. The peak flow of water that tops the banks of a stream channel.






33. A ridge of high water associated with a hurricane and which floods over the shore .






34. The attractive force between two objects; its magnitude depends on their masses and the distance between them.






35. A geometrical form taken by a mineral & giving external expression to orderly internal atomic arrangement.






36. Pertaining to clastic material formed by volcanic explosion or aerial expulsion from a volcanic vent.






37. An aggregate of one or more minerals in varying proportions.






38. The surface between the zone of saturation and the zone of aeration.






39. A detailed mathematical description of the cause-and-effect relationships between events that can be used to predict or explain other such events.






40. The outermost part of the core. It is liquid & about 1 &700 km thick & and separated from the inner & solid core by a transition zone about 565 km thick.






41. The rise and fall of sea level caused by the gravitational pull of the Sun and Moon on the Earth.






42. A process of land degradation initiated by human activity & particularly in the zones along the margins of deserts.






43. The process of one plate descending beneath another.






44. A division of geologic time next shorter than a period. Example: the Pleistocene epoch is in the Quaternary period.






45. Till deposited from main body of glacier during ablation.






46. The arrangement of rock units in the proper chronological order from youngest to oldest.






47. A steep or vertical cliff & either above or below sea level.






48. A cyclical pattern of movement in a fluid body such as the ocean & the atmosphere & or the Earth's mantle & driven by density variations which in turn are the result of differences in temperature from one part of the fluid to another.






49. The symbol used on a map to indicate directions & both cardinal and ordinal.






50. A comet that passed Earth in 1997 and won't return to the inner solar system until the year 4377.







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