Test your basic knowledge |

Earth Science

Subject : science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Where two plates collide to form mountains.






2. The peak flow of water that tops the banks of a stream channel.






3. An area of land that delivers runoff water & sediment & and dissolved substances to surface water bodies & such as rivers or lakes. All watersheds consist of boundaries & a basin and collection areas.






4. The innermost zone of Earth. It consists of two parts & an outer liquid section and an inner solid section & both chiefly of iron and nickel with about 10 percent lighter elements. It is surrounded by the mantle.






5. The geologic eon lying between the Archean and Phanerozoic eons & beginning about 2.5 billion years ago and ending about 0.57 billion years ago.






6. A curved belt of volcanic islands lying above a subduction zone.






7. The distance light travels through a vacuum in one year.






8. A rigid segment of the Earth's lithosphere that moves horizontally and adjoins other plates along zones of seismic activity. Plates may include portions of both continents and ocean basins.






9. The Earth's crust underlying the ocean basins which is formed at mid-oceanic ridges. It is typically 5 to 10 kilometers thick composed of basalt.






10. The two days of the year on which the noon sun is directly overhead at either 23.5






11. Any accumulation of material & by settling from water or air & chemical precipitation & evaporation from solution & etc.






12. The science that deals with the study of the planet Earth--the materials of which it is made & the processes that act to change these materials from one form to another & and the history recorded by these materials; the forces acting to deform the ou






13. The arrangement of rock units in the proper chronological order from youngest to oldest.






14. Any of various minerals prized for beauty & durability & and rarity. A few noncrystalline materials of organic origin (e.g. & pearl & red coral & and amber) also are classified as gemstones.






15. The top of a wave.






16. The process by which an unconsolidated deposit of sediments is converted in to solid rock.






17. The relationship between distances in the area being mapped and distances in the map itself.






18. The theory of Plate Tectonics states that the Earth's crust is fragmented into a dozen or more large and small pieces floating on a semi-molten mantle.






19. A chuck of rock or dust in space.






20. A general term for a relatively hard layer of soil at or just below the ground surface & cemented by silica & iron oxide & calcium carbonate & or organic matter.






21. The weak or 'soft' zone in the upper mantle just below the lithosphere & involved in plate movement and isostatic adjustments. It lies 70 to 100 km below the surface and may extend to a depth of 400 km.






22. The process by which ocean floors spread laterally from crests of main ocean ridges. As material moves laterally from the ridge & new material replaces it along the ridge crest by welling upward from the mantle.






23. In the geologic time scale a unit of time less than an era and greater than an epoch. Example: The Tertiary period was the earliest period in the Cenozoic era and included & among others & the Eocene epoch.






24. Named after the Roman god of the sea. It is the eighth planet from the Sun.






25. A hot & gaseous & self-luminous celestial body & as the Sun.






26. An eruption of lava that takes place from a fracture & usually without producing a cone.






27. Elongated rises on the ocean floor where basalt periodically erupts & forming new oceanic crust.






28. A narrow & elongate region in which one lithospheric plate descends relative to another.






29. A dense & hot (sometimes incandescent) cloud of volcanic ash and gas produced in a Pelean eruption.






30. No identifiable layers of minerals in a rock sample






31. The reflection of light on a given mineral's surface & classified by intensity and quality.






32. Living on land.






33. The attractive force between two objects; its magnitude depends on their masses and the distance between them.






34. That portion of the Earth below the crust and reaching to about 2 &780 km & where a transition zone of about 100 km thickness separates it from the core.






35. A person who makes maps.






36. As applied to glacier ice & the process by which ice below the snow line is wasted by evaporation and melting.






37. An instrument used to measure the speed of wind.






38. The innermost zone of Earth. It consists of two parts & an outer liquid section and an inner solid section & both chiefly of iron and nickel with about 10 percent lighter elements. It is surrounded by the mantle.






39. A narrow strip of land along the margin of the ocean extending inland for a variable distance from low water mark.






40. A giant structure that contains hundreds of billions of stars.






41. Of or relating to or containing basalt & a dark & dense & extrusive rock that has a silica content of 40% to 50% and makes up most of the ocean floor.






42. Lacking in rainfall & very dry.






43. The uprush of a wave onto the beach followed by the return flow of the water down the beach slope in the intervals between waves.






44. All of space and everything in it.






45. A fracture or zone of fractures along the boundaries of tectonic plates where movement has taken place.






46. Imaginary lines on a map or globe that measure distance in degrees north or south of the equator. Latitude lines extend horizontally & from east to west on a globe.






47. A downward distortion or dimple in the water table that forms as a well pumps water faster than it can flow through the aquifer.






48. A large area with common features that set it apart from other areas.






49. A seismic body wave that involves particle motion from side to side & perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation. S-waves are slower than P-waves and cannot travel through a liquid.






50. A low & nearly flat accumulation of sediment deposited at the mouth of a river or stream & commonly triangular or fan-shaped.