Test your basic knowledge |

Earth Science

Subject : science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The science that deals with the study of the planet Earth--the materials of which it is made & the processes that act to change these materials from one form to another & and the history recorded by these materials; the forces acting to deform the ou






2. A broad & mound-like mass of glacier ice that usually spreads radially outward from a central zone.






3. A mound or ridge of sediment deposited by a glacier.






4. The area immediately below the ground surface within which pore spaces are partially filled with water and partially filled with air.






5. The layer of gases (air) & that surrounds a planet or moon.






6. A ball of ice and dust & whose orbit is a long & narrow ellipse.






7. A plate boundary in which plates on opposite sides of the boundary move past each other in opposite directions. The San Andreas fault of California is a good example.






8. Produced as a wave steepens and falls forward as the wave nears the shore.






9. A measure of acidity.






10. A soft compact calcite & CaCO3 & with varying amounts of silica & quartz & feldspar & or other mineral impurities & generally gray-white or yellow-white and derived chiefly from fossil seashells.






11. The precipitation that runs directly off the surface to stream or body of standing water.






12. An aggregate of one or more minerals in varying proportions.






13. A unit of length used in sea navigation based on the length of 1 minute of arc on a great circle. On Earth & 1 minute of latitude.






14. The seaward edge of coast between low tide and effective wave action.






15. Highly mafic igneous volcanic rock & typically fine-grained and dark in color; rough volcanic equivalent of gabbro. Basalt is the most abundant volcanic rock in the Earth's crust.






16. A narrow strip of land that has water on either side and connects two larger bodies of water.






17. The top of a wave.






18. A post of dripstone growing up from a cave floor.






19. Turbulent stream water flow down a steep gradient & but not as steep as in a waterfall.






20. The current geologic era & which began 66.4 million years ago and continues to the present.






21. A type of volcanic eruption characterized by nuees ardentes and the development of lava domes.






22. Gases that can be dissociated by solar radiation & which releases chlorine & which in turn destroys ozone.

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23. The partial or complete blocking from view of one object by another.






24. The line formed by the intersection of the axial plane of a fold with a bedding plane & marking where the bed shows its maximum curvature.






25. Where one plate slides beneath another plate as the two are pushed together & a subduction zone.






26. The areas of & in & or constituting a city.






27. Elongated rises on the ocean floor where basalt periodically erupts & forming new oceanic crust.






28. Refers to rock or sediments made up primarily of broken fragments of pre-existing rocks or minerals.






29. The innermost zone of Earth. It consists of two parts & an outer liquid section and an inner solid section & both chiefly of iron and nickel with about 10 percent lighter elements. It is surrounded by the mantle.






30. Where two plates collide to form mountains.






31. An earthquake that follows and has its epicenter near a larger earthquake.






32. Extending across a continent.






33. A substance that produces positively charged hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water.






34. An instrument that detects & magnifies & and records vibrations of the Earth & especially earthquakes.






35. A sedimentary rock composed of combustible matter derived from the partial decomposition of plant material.






36. A community of plants and/or animals and its physical environment & regarded as a unit.






37. Iron & aluminum & magnesium & manganese & and titanium. Ores of the abundant metals only need to be 3 - 5 times as metal-rich as average rock.






38. The chronological sequence of units of Earth time.






39. A worldwide change in sea level & such as caused by melting glaciers.






40. The method of locating an epicenter by determining how far it lies from three widely separated seismographs.






41. Containing moisture.






42. Woodland that usually gets at least 100 inches of rain each year.






43. A vent on the seafloor from which hydrothermal fluids are emitted. Upon mixing with seawater and cooling & the fluids precipitate a cloud of fine-grained sulfide minerals that resembles a cloud of black smoke.






44. A molecule composed of three atoms of oxygen and mostly found in the stratosphere. Though beneficial in the upper atmosphere & at ground level & ozone is called photochemical smog & and is a respiratory irritant and considered a pollutant.






45. Pertaining to clastic material formed by volcanic explosion or aerial expulsion from a volcanic vent.






46. Uranus is named after the Roman god of the sky. It is the seventh planet from the Sun.






47. No identifiable layers of minerals in a rock sample






48. A delta formed at both sides of a tidal inlet.






49. A dense & hot (sometimes incandescent) cloud of volcanic ash and gas produced in a Pelean eruption.






50. A large area of flat or nearly flat land.