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Test your basic knowledge |
Earth Science
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A rock that has crystallized from a molten state.
igneous rock
cementation
equator
mineral
2. A narrow & elongate region in which one lithospheric plate descends relative to another.
subduction zone
epoch
bar
frost wedging
3. The point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake.
epicenter
hardpan
tidal inlet
sandstorm
4. A general term including both oil and natural gas.
particulate air pollution
rift (graben)
seamount
petroleum
5. A vent in the surface of the Earth & from which lava & ash & and gases erupt.
volcano
steppe
zone of aeration
silicate
6. Any solid material that has settled out of a state of suspension in liquid.
sediment
particulate air pollution
constellation
black hole
7. Rock formed from the accumulation of sediment & Which may consist of fragments and mineral grains of varying sizes from pre-existing rocks & remains or products of animals and plants & the products of chemical action & or mixtures of these.
sedimentary rock
baseline study
deflation
stratum
8. A permeable region of rock or soil through which ground water can move.
Hadean
Global Positioning System (GPS)
aquifer
crust
9. A narrow strip of land along the margin of the ocean extending inland for a variable distance from low water mark.
Richter scale
coast
liquefaction
permafrost
10. A waterway from open ocean into a lagoon.
tidal inlet
moon
epicenter
ozone depletion
11. Sediment formed by chemical precipitation from water. Example: halite precipitated as the result of the evaporation of sea water.
chemical sediment
anemometer
El Nino
dust storm
12. A large ridge or mound-like structure within a body of water that is built by calcareous organisms such as corals & red algae & and bivalves.
runoff
reef
geologic time scale
reserves
13. Extending across a continent.
focus
transcontinental
primary productivity
isostasy
14. A method of sediment transport in which the turbulence of a fluid is able to keep particles supported in the fluid.
focus
suspension
extrusive
latitude
15. A continuous well-defined mass of material of sufficient ore content to make extraction economically feasible. compare mineral deposit.
fetch
Paleozoic
atoll
ore deposit
16. A method of sediment transport in which the turbulence of a fluid is able to keep particles supported in the fluid.
quarrying
specific gravity
suspension
frost wedging
17. 1. A steep-walled & usually conical depression at the summit or on the flanks of a volcano & resulting from the explosive ejection of material from a vent. 2. A bowl-shaped depression with a raised & overturned rim produced by the impact of a meteori
siltation
crater
stalagmite
ecosystem
18. Destruction of the ozone layer caused by the release of CFC's (chlorofluorocarbons) into the atmosphere which react chemically with ozone and break it down into different gases.
watershed
cleavage
drainage basin
ozone depletion
19. The generally dark & more or less stable part of the organic matter in a soil & so well decomposed that the original sources cannot be identified.
humus
outcrop
magnetic equator
Copernicus & Nicholas
20. The relationship between distances in the area being mapped and distances in the map itself.
scale
nautical mile
sedimentary rock
urban
21. A process of erosion in which wind carries off particles of dust and sand.
biogenic sediment
deflation
hydrologic cycle
stalactite
22. Large area of extremely flat ocean floor lying near a continent and generally over 4 km in depth.
groove
abyssal plain
cartographer
reserves
23. A study designed to collect critical data to be used for comparison or as a control in a later study.
intensity
arch
baseline study
ice sheet
24. A broad & deep & generally straight furrow carved in bed rock by the abrasive action of debris embedded in a moving glacier. Larger and deeper than a glacial striation.
groove
boundary
silicate
ground moraine
25. Where one plate slides beneath another plate as the two are pushed together & a subduction zone.
plate tectonics
convergent boundary
stratum
Proterozoic
26. Highly mafic igneous volcanic rock & typically fine-grained and dark in color; rough volcanic equivalent of gabbro. Basalt is the most abundant volcanic rock in the Earth's crust.
seismology
basalt
flash flood
ablation
27. In the geologic time scale a unit of time less than an era and greater than an epoch. Example: The Tertiary period was the earliest period in the Cenozoic era and included & among others & the Eocene epoch.
period
disintegration (mechanical weathering)
drainage divide
Jupiter
28. The average weather conditions of an area over many years & as measured by temperature & wind speed & and precipitation.
fault
climate
transform boundary
loess
29. An imaginary circle around the earth that represents the halfway mark between the North and South Poles and establishes the boundary between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.
stratum
Paleozoic
particulate air pollution
equator
30. The production of living matter by organisms that make food using sunlight or chemicals. Usually expressed as grams of carbon per square meter per year.
deposition
convection cell
primary productivity
foreshock
31. Swamp that forms in the low lying flood plain behind a levee.
star
shield volcano
back swamp
scale
32. Any molten material that is extrusive or volcanic & or the rock that forms from a molten extrusive. Molten rock that flows at the Earth's surface.
compass
lava
shore
erratic
33. The dust-sized & sharp-edged & glassy particles resulting from an explosive volcanic eruption.
volcanic ash
Pangea
volcanic
fjord
34. Materials that are found in nature that are useful or necessary for people to live.
Prime Meridian
seastack
dust devil
natural resources
35. The solid innermost part of the core with a diameter of a little over 1 &200 km.
inner core
superposition
zone of aeration
thrust fault
36. The presence of layers in some rocks caused by parallel alignment of minerals.
neptune
aftershock
greenhouse gases
foliated
37. Any place where bedrock is visible on the surface of the Earth.
outcrop
igneous rock
ore
crater
38. The first scientist to make systematic use of the telescope in looking at the heavens.
Galileo
Saturn
precipitation
scour
39. The portion of the continental margin that extends as a gently sloping surface from the shoreline seaward to a marked change in slope at the top of the continental slope . Seaward depth averages about 130 m.
continental rise
conserve
continental shelf
rift (graben)
40. The processes (mechanical and chemical) responsible for the wearing away & loosening & and dissolving of materials of the Earth's crust.
chlorophyll
period
erosion
pyroclastic
41. In the geologic time scale a unit of time less than an era and greater than an epoch. Example: The Tertiary period was the earliest period in the Cenozoic era and included & among others & the Eocene epoch.
water clarity
beach
period
Global Positioning System (GPS)
42. A flat & dry plain covered with short grass.
acid rain
steppe
Proterozoic
Uranus
43. The explosion of a dying giant or supergiant star.
Uniformitarianism
Richter scale
nova -- (Supernova)
continent
44. A layer of sedimentary rock; plural is strata.
rapids
groundtruthing
Mars
stratum
45. Distance over which wave-forming winds blow.
drainage divide
luster
oxbow lake
fetch
46. The line that separates one drainage basin from another.
magma
fringing reef
crevasse
drainage divide
47. A measure of the strength of an earthquake based on the amount of movement recorded by a seismograph . compare Richter scale.
oal
groin
magnitude
shore
48. A delta formed at both sides of a tidal inlet.
acid
fjord
black hole
tidal delta
49. Water that flows across watersheds during and immediately after severe rainstorms. In populated areas & stormwater runoff is often water that cannot be handled by existing sewer systems. Stormwater runoff is the leading source of water pollution in t
zone of leaching
stormwater runoff
oxbow
compass
50. The color of a mineral in its powdered form obtained from scraping a sample on a ceramic plate
geologic column
Uranus
streak
stratum