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Earth Science

Subject : science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A flood that rises and falls very rapidly.






2. The theory of Plate Tectonics states that the Earth's crust is fragmented into a dozen or more large and small pieces floating on a semi-molten mantle.






3. A general term including both oil and natural gas.






4. A continuous well-defined mass of material of sufficient ore content to make extraction economically feasible. compare mineral deposit.






5. Produced as a wave steepens and falls forward as the wave nears the shore.






6. Flat land covered with tall grass and wildflowers.






7. Either the northern or southern half of the Earth as divided by the equator & or the eastern or western half as divided by a meridian.






8. Extending across a continent.






9. Long narrow beaches separated in many places from the mainland by lagoons.






10. Named after the Roman god of the sea. It is the eighth planet from the Sun.






11. A division of geologic time next shorter than a period. Example: the Pleistocene epoch is in the Quaternary period.






12. An era of time during the Phanerozoic eon lasting from 245 million years ago to 66.4 million ago.






13. A cavity in a lava & formed by the entrapment of a gas bubble during solidification of the lava.






14. Deposition of fine mineral particles (silt) on the beds of streams or lakes.






15. A soft compact calcite & CaCO3 & with varying amounts of silica & quartz & feldspar & or other mineral impurities & generally gray-white or yellow-white and derived chiefly from fossil seashells.






16. The line separating land and water.






17. The direction & north (normal) or south (reversed) & that a magnetic compass needle points.






18. Woodland that usually gets at least 100 inches of rain each year.






19. An astronomical instrument for measuring angles & primarily altitude of celestial bodies to determine latitude.






20. An imaginary circle around the earth that represents the halfway mark between the North and South Poles and establishes the boundary between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.






21. The upper horizons in a soil & through which gravitational moisture travels & removing soluble decomposition products.






22. The portion of the continental margin that lies between the abyssal plain and the continental slope. The continental rise is underlain by crustal rocks of the ocean basin.






23. The initial point within the Earth that ruptures in an earthquake & directly below the epicenter. The point within the Earth which is the center of an earthquake & at which strain energy is first released and converted to elastic wave energy.






24. A narrow & steep-walled depression in the ocean floor & much deeper than the adjacent ocean and associated with a subduction zone.






25. Extending across a continent.






26. A time of unusual winds and currents in the Pacific Ocean . El Nino generally causes warmer-than-normal sea surface temperatures and increased rainfall and storm activity.






27. A conical volcano formed by the accumulation of pyroclastic debris around a vent.






28. The pattern of water circulation from the ocean to the atmosphere to the land and back to the ocean.






29. The persistence of wind-formed waves after wind ceases.






30. A Hawaiian term for a lava flow that has a rough & jagged surface.






31. A giant structure that contains hundreds of billions of stars.






32. A guide to reading a map that typically contains distance scales & arrows indicating direction & and/or explanations of symbols used.






33. Iron & aluminum & magnesium & manganese & and titanium. Ores of the abundant metals only need to be 3 - 5 times as metal-rich as average rock.






34. Shapes & like mountains or hills that make up the Earth's surface.






35. Where one plate slides beneath another plate as the two are pushed together & a subduction zone.






36. A method of sediment transport in which the turbulence of a fluid is able to keep particles supported in the fluid.






37. A device built to study distant objects by making them appear closer.






38. Any solid material that has settled out of a state of suspension in liquid.






39. A large ridge or mound-like structure within a body of water that is built by calcareous organisms such as corals & red algae & and bivalves.






40. The process by which building stone & usually in blocks or sheets & is extracted from the Earth. radiation -- (Electromagnetic radiation) -- energy that travels through space in the form of waves without the intervention of matter & as in the transp






41. A glaciated valley now flooded by the sea.






42. The presence of layers in some rocks caused by parallel alignment of minerals.






43. Mercury is named after the Roman messenger of the gods. It is the closest to the Sun.






44. The arrangement of rock units in the proper chronological order from youngest to oldest.






45. Banks of sand and silt along stream bank built by deposition in small increments during successive floods.






46. To preserve & or to avoid wasteful use.






47. The principle that states the processes operating to change the Earth in the present also operated in the past.






48. Evidence in rock of the presence of past life & such as a dinosaur bone & an ancient clam shell & or the footprint of a long-extinct animal as well as life history artifacts.






49. A period of dryness & that when prolonged & causes damage to crops; a shortage of water.






50. Where two plates are moving in opposite directions as in a mid-ocean ridge.







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