Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Found that parents tend to encourage their daughters to be dependent ; she suggests that parents and teachers encourage them to figure the problem out their selves before they help
Beverly Fargot
Universal
Decentration
Early and late maturation


2. What are the 4 cognitive stages developed by Piaget?
1. sensorimotor stage 2. preoperational stage 3. concrete-operational stage 4. formal operation stage
Reliability and validity
Conservation
Egocentric thinking


3. Piaget believes effective teaching takes place in the _____
Experimental methods
Identity diffusion
Correlation
ZPD - Zone of proximal distance


4. Williams developed a test called black intelligence test of cultural homogeniasis test known as _________
BITCH test
Educational psychology
Experimental methods
Decentration


5. Females are ____ times more likely to attempt suicide but when it comes to _____ boys are more successful
Control variable
4 times - successful suicide
Percentile score
Pase vs Hannon


6. Age 4 to 5 years; during this stage the child beings to learn language ; see alot of exploration from the child ; this initiative to explore will be encouraged if the child doesnt feel guilty
Initiative vs guilt
Different types of tests and surverys
Parpain
Beverly Fagot


7. Sometimes given on reports ; were developed back in WWII by air force psychologists and they were used to screen men for different kinds of programs
Grade equivalency score
Stanine scores
Organization and adaptation
Reversibility


8. study of psychological problems related to education - apply psychology theories and research to the class
Educational psychology
1. Identity diffusion 2. Moratorium 3. identity achievement 4. Identity foreclosure
Early maturing girls
Learned helplessness


9. Did research and used moral dellima stories like Kohlberg to compare males to females; discovered women showed more care/concern; men experience more of a feeling of justice being served
Early maturing girls
Carol Gilligan
Industry vs inferiority
Identity foreclosure


10. Refers to puberty and the hormones influencing behavior and feelings - what Stanley Hall considered adolescence

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11. Ranking a test from highest to lowest scores ; when psychologists look at test performance they look at measures of central tendency
Trust vs mistrust; if the child's basic needs are met during this stage then they come out with a sense of trust; if not met they come out with a sense of mistrust
Frequency distribution
Norm reference test
Psychoscoial moratorium


12. Describing relationships between two factors is a correlation: a statistical description of how closely two variables are related. They can range from -1.00 to +1.00.
Invariant
Equilibrium ( mental balance)
Naturalistic observations
ZPD - Zone of proximal distance


13. A tendency we all have to adapt or adjust to our environment; the child uses intellectual processes to transform them so they can use them for new experiences
Standardized scores
Conventional morality
Individual case study
Adaptation


14. Refers to a persons ability to monitor their own and other peoples feelings and to use this information to guide their thinking and their actions ; some people say this refers more to a personality trait
Psychosocial moratorium
Carol Gilligan
Emotional intelligence
Trust vs mistrust; if the child's basic needs are met during this stage then they come out with a sense of trust; if not met they come out with a sense of mistrust


15. Stages all happen in the same sequence
Lorenz - imprinting
1. trust vs mistrust 2.autonomy vs shame and doubt 3. initiative vs guilt 4. industry vs inferiority 5. identity vs role confusions
Invariant
Accommodation


16. Piaget did over 40 years of research using experiments and research of how kids ________.
Autonomy vs shame and doubt; if the child feelds overly criticized or punished or guilty the child may come out of this stage without autonomy and strong feelings of shame and doubt
Normal curve
Concrete-operational stage
Think at different ages


17. Talked about kids in schools that were only considered retarded during the 6 hours they were at school
Jane Mercer
Vygotsky
Educational psychology
Dependent variable


18. She said what we should strive for is psychological androgony (means not gender specific - can be both male and female characteristics)
1. preconventional morality 2. conventional morality 3. post conventional morality
Sandra bem
Jane Mercer
Grade equivalency score


19. Adolescents who do not feel a sense of crisis about their future career because they avoid thinking about it (lets party attitude)
Pase vs Hannon
Beverly Fargot
Control variable
Identity diffusion


20. Achieved the success of trying to encourage your kids to experience success and limit the feelings of inferiority

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21. A window of opportunity; if something doesnt happen during this period it may never happen
Critical period
Individual case study
Equilibrium ( mental balance)
ZPD - zone of prozimal distance


22. 11 years and on ; the child begins to use abstract thinking - deal with hypothesis - engages in mental manipulations; this formal thinking develops gradually
Jean Block
Formal operation stage
Dependent variable
Emotional intelligence


23. Can transform all the GES scores into ______ so they can be compared
Decentration
Moral development
Standardized scores
Erikson's contributions


24. Keeping all variables in both groups the same except for one
Educational psychology
Late maturing girls
1. conservationism 2. De-centration 3. Reversibility
Control variable


25. What are the Piaget's 3 Principles?
1. conservationism 2. De-centration 3. Reversibility
Preoperational stage
Educational psychology
Adaptation


26. The child begins to realize that objects can continue to exist when they are out of sight
Object permanence
Emotional intelligence
Equilibrium ( mental balance)
Accommodation


27. Said no with respect to any native born english speak child ( if you were born in this country and you speak english then it wont be bias against you)

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28. Piaget didnt believe that _____ plays an imporant role in the child's cognitive development
Egocentric thinking
Language
Object permanence
Beverly Fagot


29. Two important factors you need to look at are _____ and _____
Reliability and validity
Psychoscoial moratorium
Kohlberg
ZPD - Zone of proximal distance


30. How do children develop a sense of right and wrong - what behavior is okay and what behavior is not okay
Lorenz - imprinting
Moral development
Carol Gilligan
Vygotsky calls this Private Speech


31. The sens of balance is known as ________________
Piaget
Vygotsky
Equilibrium ( mental balance)
Early maturing girls


32. Being able to realize that properties can stay the same in spite of a change in appearance ; what he found from his study was children under the age of 6 said that there was more water in beaker 1 than beaker 3 (even though it was the same amount of
Vygotsky beliefs
Role confusions
Educational psychology
Conservation


33. There are adolescents have made a career choice - and are pursuing this choice but this choice is tentative and they can be thrown back into crisis at any time
Validity
Parpain
Identity achievement
Dependent variable


34. Based on the child themselves - if they reach a certain level they pass ( ex: praxis and leap test) ; measures how well a student has achieved specific objectives
Pase vs Hannon
Criterion (criteria) reference test
Experimental methods
Normal curve


35. Birth to about 9 years old ; kohlberg says young kids do not understand the rules of society; they follow the rules to avoid punishment
Kohlberg believes that moral reasoning could be sped up by instruction; Piaget disagreed because he believes moral reasoning is tied into cognitive development and cognitive development cannot be sped up
Preconventional morality
Norm reference test ( ACT - GRE - IQ tests - in class exams - special education placement)
BITCH test


36. Being in that area of being able to do things by themselves with a little of assistance
Carol Gilligan
ZPD - zone of prozimal distance
Cognitive reasoning
Nature vs nurture


37. At a disadvantage - were popular with their peers and with boys but all things being equal they were likely to suffer from depression more likely to suffer from an eating disorder more likely to become suicidal ; gain weight earlier which is viewed a
Erikson's criticisms
Early maturing girls
Vygotsky calls this Private Speech
Reliability and validity


38. Belief that some people have that they have little or no control over their lives ; those that often have this have problems with depression
Kohlberg believes that moral reasoning could be sped up by instruction; Piaget disagreed because he believes moral reasoning is tied into cognitive development and cognitive development cannot be sped up
Trust vs mistrust; if the child's basic needs are met during this stage then they come out with a sense of trust; if not met they come out with a sense of mistrust
Learned helplessness
Reliability


39. Older kids have the ability to pour the water back and realize it is the same amount
Reversibility
Parallel play
ZPD - Zone of proximal distance
Dependent variable


40. Goes from birth to age 1 - during this stage he believes the child begins to learn whether or not they can trust their world

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41. Relationship between two variables in which the high value of one is associated with a low value of the other; example - outside temperature and weight of clothes people wear
Educational testing(IQ - group test - leap - standardized testing - Norm reference test - frequency distribution - and criteria reference test
Hartshore and May
Arthur JEnsen
Negative correlation


42. Liuson and Peskin looked at kids who began to develop physically mature before their class mates ( ___________)
Vygotsky
Role confusions
Early and late maturation
Psychosocial moratorium


43. When you play besides someone but not really interacting with them
Critical period
Parallel play
Norm reference test ( ACT - GRE - IQ tests - in class exams - special education placement)
Object permanence


44. Compare an individuals performance to that of his or her peers ; 1. they are objective 2. have predetermined answers 3. compare a student's performance to the performance of others 4. the performance is evaluated in terms of norms
Scheme
Formal operation stage
Norm reference test
1. preconventional morality 2. conventional morality 3. post conventional morality


45. Behavior being measured in experiment
Adaptation
Late maturing boys
Dependent variable
Egocentric thinking


46. They were more self confident - had higher self esteem - more likely to be leaders and more likely to receive favorable comments from adults ; this happens because the look ... and are better athletes; the only bad thing is that they are more likely
Early maturing boys
Organizations
'storm and stress'
1st year ; development of trust


47. 9 to about 20 years old ; this group he says follows the rules of society because they are the rules of society ; follow the rules to impress other people (like parents and teachers and to show their respect for authority )
Criticisms of Piaget
Conventional morality
Trust vs mistrust; if the child's basic needs are met during this stage then they come out with a sense of trust; if not met they come out with a sense of mistrust
ZPD - Zone of proximal distance


48. What are the 3 levels of moral reasoning developed by Kohlberg?
Organizations
Naturalistic observations
Vygotsky beliefs
1. preconventional morality 2. conventional morality 3. post conventional morality


49. 1. there was no proof 2. his emphasis on identity crisis may have been from his own experiences in his life and he may have incorporated into a theory for everyone

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50. Said alot of kids were able to describe what they were supposed to do in hypothetial situation but when you place them in a real life situation they often engage in the opposite behavior ; final observation: kids know the rules - they just dont follo
Object permanence
Hartshore and May
Private speech
Normal curve