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Test your basic knowledge |
Educational Psychology Basics
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Define intelligence
Psychologists have trouble agreeing on what intelligence is and any type of test including IQ cannot test intelligence it only shows a sample of behavior
Invariant
Validity
Zone of Proximal Distance
2. There are adolescents have made a career choice - and are pursuing this choice but this choice is tentative and they can be thrown back into crisis at any time
1. trust vs mistrust 2.autonomy vs shame and doubt 3. initiative vs guilt 4. industry vs inferiority 5. identity vs role confusions
Validity
Cognitive reasoning
Identity achievement
3. What are the two types of adaptation?
Scheme
Assimilation and accommodation
Arthur JEnsen
Preconventional morality
4. Ranking a test from highest to lowest scores ; when psychologists look at test performance they look at measures of central tendency
Erikson's contributions
Preconventional morality
Kohlberg
Frequency distribution
5. Birth to about 9 years old ; kohlberg says young kids do not understand the rules of society; they follow the rules to avoid punishment
Accommodation
Preconventional morality
Trust vs mistrust; if the child's basic needs are met during this stage then they come out with a sense of trust; if not met they come out with a sense of mistrust
Lorenz - imprinting
6. Found that parents tend to encourage their daughters to be dependent ; she suggests that parents and teachers encourage them to figure the problem out their selves before they help
Beverly Fargot
Adaptation
Correlation
Language
7. Sometimes given on reports ; were developed back in WWII by air force psychologists and they were used to screen men for different kinds of programs
Critical period
Reliability
Stanine scores
Psychosocial moratorium
8. Ages 2 to 3 ; during this stage kids may develop a sense of independence ; they begin to walk and potty train(learn self control) - 'NO!' Erikson believes this is the child developing a sense of _______(self confidence)
Intelligence
Autonomy vs shame and doubt; if the child feelds overly criticized or punished or guilty the child may come out of this stage without autonomy and strong feelings of shame and doubt
Post conventional morality
1st year ; development of trust
9. Piaget says the cognitive stages a child goes through are _________
James Marcia
4 times - successful suicide
Invariant
Educational psychology
10. At any point in a child's development there are problems that the child is just on the verge of being able to solve by them but they dont have quite enough skills to solve them themselves; however - if they are given assistance/guidance they are ofte
Zone of Proximal Distance
Jensen's response to 'are IQ tests bias?'
Organization and adaptation
Role confusions
11. Found that from an early age boys are encouraged to be competitive - to achieve - and to control the expression of their feelings; girls at an early age are encouraged to develop close relationhips - talk about their troubles - and show affection and
Normal curve ( bell shaped curve)
Preconventional morality
Sampling(represents society as a whole - if you dont have a sample then the experiment will be messed up) - control(keep all the variables the same except the independent) - objectivity(some believe some dont) - publication(peer journals) - replicati
Jean Block
12. Refers to a persons ability to monitor their own and other peoples feelings and to use this information to guide their thinking and their actions ; some people say this refers more to a personality trait
Assimilation
Jane Mercer
Private speech
Emotional intelligence
13. Piaget also believes the cognitive stages children go through are _______
Universal
Positive correlation
Private speech
Beverly Fargot
14. A tendency we all have to adapt or adjust to our environment; the child uses intellectual processes to transform them so they can use them for new experiences
Trust vs mistrust; if the child's basic needs are met during this stage then they come out with a sense of trust; if not met they come out with a sense of mistrust
Adaptation
Parpain
Conservation
15. Where is this new experience causes a change in an existing scheme ; child may have to modify this scheme (ex: john lenon's child adding a new idea of what a court is )
Accommodation
Sandra bem
Early maturing girls
Individual case study
16. Experimental method consists of 2 groups: _____ and ________
Experimental and control
Critical period
Kohlberg believes that moral reasoning could be sped up by instruction; Piaget disagreed because he believes moral reasoning is tied into cognitive development and cognitive development cannot be sped up
Standardized testing
17. believed that kids develop a sense of morality by going through stages
Beverly Fargot
Zone of Proximal Distance
Kohlberg
Normal curve
18. Erikson believes the ____ year of life is a CRITICAL PERIOD for the development of ______
1st year ; development of trust
Carol Gilligan
'storm and stress'
Erikson's criticisms
19. Achieved the success of trying to encourage your kids to experience success and limit the feelings of inferiority
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20. Being in that area of being able to do things by themselves with a little of assistance
ZPD - zone of prozimal distance
1. preconventional morality 2. conventional morality 3. post conventional morality
Vygotsky
Control variable
21. Believed that intelligence is 80% due to heredity; he also believes that innate differences may exist between blacks and whites
6 hour retardets
Erikson's criticisms
Norm reference test
Arthur JEnsen
22. The sens of balance is known as ________________
Correlation
Equilibrium ( mental balance)
Beverly Fagot
6 hour retardets
23. Means a delay or pause or break from your usual activities
Organizations
Adaptation
Psychoscoial moratorium
Identity vs role confusion
24. Piaget also found that young kids engage in __________; presume that everyone sees things or experiences things the same way as they do
Egocentric thinking
Organization and adaptation
Kohlberg believes that moral reasoning could be sped up by instruction; Piaget disagreed because he believes moral reasoning is tied into cognitive development and cognitive development cannot be sped up
Formal operation stage
25. An organized pattern of behavior or thought
Reliability
Autonomy vs shame and doubt; if the child feelds overly criticized or punished or guilty the child may come out of this stage without autonomy and strong feelings of shame and doubt
Scheme
Naturalistic observation
26. Based on the standard deviation
Preoperational stage
Standard score (derived score)
Standardized scores
Different types of tests and surverys
27. Categories are 34% - 14% and 2% from the mean ; height - weight - intelligence - will fall under this
Normal curve
Percentile score
Identity foreclosure
Early maturing boys
28. 20 and on up if it happens at all; only a small proportion of adults get to this level; these peoplea re able to understand the moral principles behind the rules of society
Normal curve
Criticisms of Piaget
Trust vs mistrust; if the child's basic needs are met during this stage then they come out with a sense of trust; if not met they come out with a sense of mistrust
Post conventional morality
29. How to Piaget and Kohlberg differ?
Kohlberg believes that moral reasoning could be sped up by instruction; Piaget disagreed because he believes moral reasoning is tied into cognitive development and cognitive development cannot be sped up
Erikson's criticisms
Concrete-operational stage
Critical period
30. Factor being manipulated in experimental group
Independent variable
Industry vs inferiority
Identity vs role confusion
Negative correlation
31. Liuson and Peskin looked at kids who began to develop physically mature before their class mates ( ___________)
Early and late maturation
1. sensorimotor stage 2. preoperational stage 3. concrete-operational stage 4. formal operation stage
Adaptation
Jane Mercer
32. What happened in the past
Pase vs Hannon
Correlation
Hartshore and May
Independent variable
33. Belief that some people have that they have little or no control over their lives ; those that often have this have problems with depression
Learned helplessness
1st year ; development of trust
Contributions of Piaget
Preconventional morality
34. A window of opportunity; if something doesnt happen during this period it may never happen
Critical period
Vygotsky
Emotional intelligence
'storm and stress'
35. They were more self confident - had higher self esteem - more likely to be leaders and more likely to receive favorable comments from adults ; this happens because the look ... and are better athletes; the only bad thing is that they are more likely
Correlation
Egocentric thinking
Individual case study - naturalistic observation - tests and surverys
Early maturing boys
36. Piaget said we has humans inherit two basic tendencies ______ and ______.
Organization and adaptation
Jean Block
Critical period
Control variable
37. Not only observe behavior - also manipulate it.
Identity vs role confusion
Arthur JEnsen
Experimental methods
Criticisms of Piaget
38. Talked about kids in schools that were only considered retarded during the 6 hours they were at school
1st year ; development of trust
Hartshore and May
Jane Mercer
Naturalistic observation
39. About 7 to 11 years old; this stage is a major turning point in a child's cognitive development ; child's thinking begins to resemble that of an adult more than that of a child ; child is able to utilize conservation - decentration - and reversibilit
Testing
Zone of Proximal Distance
Psychologists have trouble agreeing on what intelligence is and any type of test including IQ cannot test intelligence it only shows a sample of behavior
Concrete-operational stage
40. Young kids that talk to themselves
Identity diffusion
ZPD - zone of prozimal distance
Criticisms of Piaget
Vygotsky calls this Private Speech
41. What are Erkison's 8 psychosocial stages?
1. trust vs mistrust 2.autonomy vs shame and doubt 3. initiative vs guilt 4. industry vs inferiority 5. identity vs role confusions
Accommodation
Beverly Fagot
Normal curve
42. 1. there was no proof 2. his emphasis on identity crisis may have been from his own experiences in his life and he may have incorporated into a theory for everyone
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43. The purpose of a ____ is to separate the performance of individuals so that there is a distribution of scores from the highest to the lowest score
Pase vs Hannon
Language
Jean Block
Norm reference test ( ACT - GRE - IQ tests - in class exams - special education placement)
44. Psychologists observe events as they naturally occur in the real world; observe behavior w/out influencing it; used for ethical reasons(ex: child that was being physically abused as a child then became a criminal ) by observing criminals and seeing H
Naturalistic observation
Standardized scores
Assimilation and accommodation
Individual case study - naturalistic observation - tests and surverys
45. A branch of psychology that studies children in an educational setting and is concerned with teaching and learning methods - cognitive development - and aptitude assessment
Contributions of Piaget
Standard score (derived score)
Vygotsky calls this Private Speech
Educational psychology
46. By the age of 9 _________ disappears because they reach the cognitive level where this form of speech does not need to guide their behavior or thinking any more
Educational psychology
Learned helplessness
Private speech
Educational psychology
47. Age 4 to 5 years; during this stage the child beings to learn language ; see alot of exploration from the child ; this initiative to explore will be encouraged if the child doesnt feel guilty
Kohlberg
Naturalistic observation
Intelligence
Initiative vs guilt
48. Relationship between two variables where they increase or decrease together ; example - number of calories and number of pounds gained
Critical period
Positive correlation
Jane Mercer
Intelligence
49. Describing relationships between two factors is a correlation: a statistical description of how closely two variables are related. They can range from -1.00 to +1.00.
Individual case study - naturalistic observation - tests and surverys
Assimilation and accommodation
Formal operation stage
Naturalistic observations
50. 11 years and on ; the child begins to use abstract thinking - deal with hypothesis - engages in mental manipulations; this formal thinking develops gradually
Formal operation stage
Learned helplessness
Positive correlation
Jane Mercer
Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?
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