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Test your basic knowledge |
Educational Psychology Basics
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Study First
Subject
:
teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Age 4 to 5 years; during this stage the child beings to learn language ; see alot of exploration from the child ; this initiative to explore will be encouraged if the child doesnt feel guilty
Initiative vs guilt
1. trust vs mistrust 2.autonomy vs shame and doubt 3. initiative vs guilt 4. industry vs inferiority 5. identity vs role confusions
Normal curve
Decentration
2. Achieved the success of trying to encourage your kids to experience success and limit the feelings of inferiority
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3. Keeping all variables in both groups the same except for one
Vygotsky calls this Private Speech
Control variable
Kohlberg
Conventional morality
4. Belief that some people have that they have little or no control over their lives ; those that often have this have problems with depression
Reversibility
Formal operation stage
Learned helplessness
Hartshore and May
5. Describing relationships between two factors is a correlation: a statistical description of how closely two variables are related. They can range from -1.00 to +1.00.
Trust vs mistrust; if the child's basic needs are met during this stage then they come out with a sense of trust; if not met they come out with a sense of mistrust
Identity achievement
Negative correlation
Naturalistic observations
6. Take a standard set of items presented in a uniform manner and the results are reported in terms of standards
Preoperational stage
Normal curve ( bell shaped curve)
Standardized testing
Parallel play
7. IQ tests - interest tests - personality - etc.
Validity
Different types of tests and surverys
Invariant
Jean Block
8. Piaget believes a child's moral reasoning is tied to their ________; because the 6 year old child has not mastered decentration yet so he can only focus on 1 thing at a time and he focused on the size of the stain so the child with the bigger stain w
James Marcia
Nature vs nurture
Cognitive reasoning
Reliability
9. Characterizes : only focus on one characteristic at a time - doesnt have reversibility - often times make decisions based on how things look and have a hard time realizing that an object can posses more than one property or that it can belong to seve
Preoperational stage
1. Identity diffusion 2. Moratorium 3. identity achievement 4. Identity foreclosure
Concrete-operational stage
Industry vs inferiority
10. Psychologists observe events as they naturally occur in the real world; observe behavior w/out influencing it; used for ethical reasons(ex: child that was being physically abused as a child then became a criminal ) by observing criminals and seeing H
1st year ; development of trust
Parpain
1. preconventional morality 2. conventional morality 3. post conventional morality
Naturalistic observation
11. The sens of balance is known as ________________
Parallel play
6 hour retardets
Equilibrium ( mental balance)
Correlation
12. Ruled that tests that are biased (IQ tests) cannot be used for the placement of minority kids into classes
Individual case study - naturalistic observation - tests and surverys
Language
Laray Pee case
Early and late maturation
13. Piaget did over 40 years of research using experiments and research of how kids ________.
ZPD - zone of prozimal distance
Think at different ages
Vygotsky calls this Private Speech
Individual case study - naturalistic observation - tests and surverys
14. A mathematical concept that depicts a bell shaped distributions of scores
Normal curve ( bell shaped curve)
1. sensorimotor stage 2. preoperational stage 3. concrete-operational stage 4. formal operation stage
ZPD - Zone of proximal distance
Invariant
15. Believes kids benefit more when they interact with kids people who are more skilled than they are; believes that language is critical for cognitive development to occur
Cognitive reasoning
Jensen's response to 'are IQ tests bias?'
Vygotsky beliefs
Reliability and validity
16. Stages all happen in the same sequence
Educational psychology
Invariant
Stages
Erikson's contributions
17. Talked about kids in schools that were only considered retarded during the 6 hours they were at school
Psychosocial moratorium
Preoperational stage
Jane Mercer
Invariant
18. Most psychologists believe that intelligence is due to ___ ____; you cant prove which one is more or if they equal but they both play a role
Nature vs nurture
Kohlberg
Criterion (criteria) reference test
Equilibrium ( mental balance)
19. Liuson and Peskin looked at kids who began to develop physically mature before their class mates ( ___________)
Early and late maturation
Organizations
Naturalistic observation
Frequency distribution
20. At a disadvantage - were popular with their peers and with boys but all things being equal they were likely to suffer from depression more likely to suffer from an eating disorder more likely to become suicidal ; gain weight earlier which is viewed a
Early maturing girls
BITCH test
Critical period
Private speech
21. Probably the most often looked at score when people look at reports
Grade equivalency score
Nature vs nurture
Identity vs role confusion
Early and late maturation
22. Ages 2 to 3 ; during this stage kids may develop a sense of independence ; they begin to walk and potty train(learn self control) - 'NO!' Erikson believes this is the child developing a sense of _______(self confidence)
Educational testing(IQ - group test - leap - standardized testing - Norm reference test - frequency distribution - and criteria reference test
Contributions of Piaget
Invariant
Autonomy vs shame and doubt; if the child feelds overly criticized or punished or guilty the child may come out of this stage without autonomy and strong feelings of shame and doubt
23. These individuals often times have more feelings of inferiority - not as popular as the ..... typically - more likely to engage in attention getting behavior (silly goofy stuff)
Naturalistic observation
Intelligence
Late maturing boys
'storm and stress'
24. Adolescents who do not feel a sense of crisis about their future career because they avoid thinking about it (lets party attitude)
Identity diffusion
Zone of Proximal Distance
Carol Gilligan
Individual case study
25. The higher the statistic the stronger the ___________
Double blind study
Think at different ages
Correlation
Criticisms of Piaget
26. study of psychological problems related to education - apply psychology theories and research to the class
Parpain
Nature vs nurture
Educational psychology
Organization and adaptation
27. Experimental method consists of 2 groups: _____ and ________
Experimental and control
Autonomy vs shame and doubt; if the child feelds overly criticized or punished or guilty the child may come out of this stage without autonomy and strong feelings of shame and doubt
Identity foreclosure
Reversibility
28. Piaget says the cognitive stages a child goes through are _________
Hartshore and May
1. Identity diffusion 2. Moratorium 3. identity achievement 4. Identity foreclosure
Invariant
Equilibrium ( mental balance)
29. 2 to about 7 years; during this stage language develops at a rapid rate - the child no longer thinks as images but in words; increase in terms of language but the way the child thinks is not yet logical
Criticisms of Piaget
Preoperational stage
Universal
Educational psychology
30. The child begins to realize that objects can continue to exist when they are out of sight
Object permanence
Early and late maturation
Lorenz - imprinting
Critical period
31. More confident and more outgoing
Late maturing girls
Erikson's contributions
Frequency distribution
Standardized testing
32. The occupational choice tends to happen during the beginning of adolescent years : this can lead to an example of _________
Late maturing boys
Role confusions
Conservation
Individual case study - naturalistic observation - tests and surverys
33. Piaget said we has humans inherit two basic tendencies ______ and ______.
Assimilation
Experimental methods
Organization and adaptation
Jane Mercer
34. She said what we should strive for is psychological androgony (means not gender specific - can be both male and female characteristics)
Contributions of Piaget
Preoperational stage
Sandra bem
Learned helplessness
35. Young kids that talk to themselves
Stanine scores
Jensen's response to 'are IQ tests bias?'
Vygotsky calls this Private Speech
Educational psychology
36. Goes from birth to about the age of 2 years - during this stage schemes are developed primarily through sensory and motor activities ; around the age of 6 to 8 months the child develops an important cognitive milestone object permanence
Industry vs inferiority
Negative correlation
Sensorimotor stage
Adaptation
37. When a child encounters a new experience that does not fit an existing scheme _________ becomes necessary
Correlation
Adaptation
1st year ; development of trust
Grade equivalency score
38. Define intelligence
Psychologists have trouble agreeing on what intelligence is and any type of test including IQ cannot test intelligence it only shows a sample of behavior
Contributions of Piaget
ZPD - Zone of proximal distance
Educational psychology
39. _____ had a huge impact on
Sandra bem
Psychoscoial moratorium
Piaget
Initiative vs guilt
40. The ability to aquire knowledge or skills
Individual case study - naturalistic observation - tests and surverys
Standard score (derived score)
Intelligence
Educational testing(IQ - group test - leap - standardized testing - Norm reference test - frequency distribution - and criteria reference test
41. Said alot of kids were able to describe what they were supposed to do in hypothetial situation but when you place them in a real life situation they often engage in the opposite behavior ; final observation: kids know the rules - they just dont follo
Norm reference test
Hartshore and May
Erikson's contributions
Psychosocial moratorium
42. 1. 1st person that got us looking at the fact that kids develop cognitively in stages 2. got us to realize that kids think differently from each other and from adults 3. got us to realize that qualitative changes in thinking happen as a child goes
Stages
Contributions of Piaget
Naturalistic observation
Sampling(represents society as a whole - if you dont have a sample then the experiment will be messed up) - control(keep all the variables the same except the independent) - objectivity(some believe some dont) - publication(peer journals) - replicati
43. Based on the standard deviation
Erikson's criticisms
Identity vs role confusion
Standard score (derived score)
Invariant
44. Goes from birth to age 1 - during this stage he believes the child begins to learn whether or not they can trust their world
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45. By the age of 9 _________ disappears because they reach the cognitive level where this form of speech does not need to guide their behavior or thinking any more
Private speech
Initiative vs guilt
Beverly Fagot
Late maturing girls
46. Erikson said if a child is having feelings of role confusion to take a ________
Industry vs inferiority
Psychosocial moratorium
Jane Mercer
Lorenz - imprinting
47. What are the 4 cognitive stages developed by Piaget?
Clinical method
1. sensorimotor stage 2. preoperational stage 3. concrete-operational stage 4. formal operation stage
Beverly Fargot
Early maturing girls
48. What are the two types of adaptation?
Norm reference test ( ACT - GRE - IQ tests - in class exams - special education placement)
Assimilation and accommodation
Object permanence
Lorenz - imprinting
49. What are the 5 components of the Scientific method?
Sampling(represents society as a whole - if you dont have a sample then the experiment will be messed up) - control(keep all the variables the same except the independent) - objectivity(some believe some dont) - publication(peer journals) - replicati
Autonomy vs shame and doubt; if the child feelds overly criticized or punished or guilty the child may come out of this stage without autonomy and strong feelings of shame and doubt
Formal operation stage
Language
50. Piaget didnt believe that _____ plays an imporant role in the child's cognitive development
Language
Laray Pee case
Equilibrium ( mental balance)
Trust vs mistrust; if the child's basic needs are met during this stage then they come out with a sense of trust; if not met they come out with a sense of mistrust
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