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Test your basic knowledge |
Educational Psychology Basics
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. How do children develop a sense of right and wrong - what behavior is okay and what behavior is not okay
Moral development
6 hour retardets
Reversibility
Identity diffusion
2. Belief that some people have that they have little or no control over their lives ; those that often have this have problems with depression
Erikson's criticisms
Autonomy vs shame and doubt; if the child feelds overly criticized or punished or guilty the child may come out of this stage without autonomy and strong feelings of shame and doubt
Learned helplessness
Control variable
3. Means a delay or pause or break from your usual activities
Psychologists have trouble agreeing on what intelligence is and any type of test including IQ cannot test intelligence it only shows a sample of behavior
Cognitive reasoning
Kohlberg
Psychoscoial moratorium
4. Psychologists observe events as they naturally occur in the real world; observe behavior w/out influencing it; used for ethical reasons(ex: child that was being physically abused as a child then became a criminal ) by observing criminals and seeing H
Autonomy vs shame and doubt; if the child feelds overly criticized or punished or guilty the child may come out of this stage without autonomy and strong feelings of shame and doubt
Vygotsky
Think at different ages
Naturalistic observation
5. At any point in a child's development there are problems that the child is just on the verge of being able to solve by them but they dont have quite enough skills to solve them themselves; however - if they are given assistance/guidance they are ofte
Zone of Proximal Distance
Reversibility
Psychosocial moratorium
Beverly Fargot
6. Stages all happen in the same sequence
Invariant
Percentile score
Educational psychology
Sampling(represents society as a whole - if you dont have a sample then the experiment will be messed up) - control(keep all the variables the same except the independent) - objectivity(some believe some dont) - publication(peer journals) - replicati
7. Based on the child themselves - if they reach a certain level they pass ( ex: praxis and leap test) ; measures how well a student has achieved specific objectives
Concrete-operational stage
Criterion (criteria) reference test
Identity foreclosure
Normal curve
8. 9 to about 20 years old ; this group he says follows the rules of society because they are the rules of society ; follow the rules to impress other people (like parents and teachers and to show their respect for authority )
Correlation
Conventional morality
Naturalistic observation
Psychologists have trouble agreeing on what intelligence is and any type of test including IQ cannot test intelligence it only shows a sample of behavior
9. Found that from an early age boys are encouraged to be competitive - to achieve - and to control the expression of their feelings; girls at an early age are encouraged to develop close relationhips - talk about their troubles - and show affection and
Experimental methods
Trust vs mistrust; if the child's basic needs are met during this stage then they come out with a sense of trust; if not met they come out with a sense of mistrust
Jean Block
Identity achievement
10. Piaget believes a child's moral reasoning is tied to their ________; because the 6 year old child has not mastered decentration yet so he can only focus on 1 thing at a time and he focused on the size of the stain so the child with the bigger stain w
Identity achievement
Cognitive reasoning
Autonomy vs shame and doubt; if the child feelds overly criticized or punished or guilty the child may come out of this stage without autonomy and strong feelings of shame and doubt
Formal operation stage
11. Relationship between two variables where they increase or decrease together ; example - number of calories and number of pounds gained
Correlation
Individual case study
Private speech
Positive correlation
12. Was influenced by the works of Erikson - talked about adolescents going through different identity statuses ( identity choices )
Piaget
Reliability
Carol Gilligan
James Marcia
13. Two important factors you need to look at are _____ and _____
Piaget
Control variable
Reliability and validity
Language
14. Goes from birth to age 1 - during this stage he believes the child begins to learn whether or not they can trust their world
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15. How to Piaget and Kohlberg differ?
Sensorimotor stage
Grade equivalency score
1. conservationism 2. De-centration 3. Reversibility
Kohlberg believes that moral reasoning could be sped up by instruction; Piaget disagreed because he believes moral reasoning is tied into cognitive development and cognitive development cannot be sped up
16. Age 4 to 5 years; during this stage the child beings to learn language ; see alot of exploration from the child ; this initiative to explore will be encouraged if the child doesnt feel guilty
Initiative vs guilt
Jane Mercer
Carol Gilligan
Validity
17. What are the 4 cognitive stages developed by Piaget?
1. sensorimotor stage 2. preoperational stage 3. concrete-operational stage 4. formal operation stage
Conservation
Critical period
Pase vs Hannon
18. One individual is studied in dept for a long period of time (situations: you would use this - people in war - murder's - serial killers - multiple personalities)(children with skills to advanced for their age)
Individual case study
Hartshore and May
Standard score (derived score)
Assimilation
19. When you play besides someone but not really interacting with them
Think at different ages
Parallel play
Post conventional morality
Standardized scores
20. The ability to aquire knowledge or skills
Intelligence
Erikson's criticisms
Early maturing boys
6 hour retardets
21. 2 to about 7 years; during this stage language develops at a rapid rate - the child no longer thinks as images but in words; increase in terms of language but the way the child thinks is not yet logical
Late maturing boys
Clinical method
Preoperational stage
Educational testing(IQ - group test - leap - standardized testing - Norm reference test - frequency distribution - and criteria reference test
22. She said what we should strive for is psychological androgony (means not gender specific - can be both male and female characteristics)
Sandra bem
Carol Gilligan
James Marcia
1st year ; development of trust
23. Piaget said we has humans inherit two basic tendencies ______ and ______.
Sandra bem
Positive correlation
Organization and adaptation
Jane Mercer
24. The higher the statistic the stronger the ___________
Correlation
Standardized scores
1. sensorimotor stage 2. preoperational stage 3. concrete-operational stage 4. formal operation stage
Early maturing girls
25. These kids are only considered 'retarded' during the 6 hours they attend school; characteristics mostly male - minority - come from lower SES familes
Criticisms of Piaget
Individual case study - naturalistic observation - tests and surverys
6 hour retardets
Identity diffusion
26. At a disadvantage - were popular with their peers and with boys but all things being equal they were likely to suffer from depression more likely to suffer from an eating disorder more likely to become suicidal ; gain weight earlier which is viewed a
Naturalistic observation
Early maturing girls
Criticisms of Piaget
Late maturing girls
27. Said that IQ tests are so biased they should be declared illegal
Psychologists have trouble agreeing on what intelligence is and any type of test including IQ cannot test intelligence it only shows a sample of behavior
Jane Mercer
Normal curve ( bell shaped curve)
Norm reference test
28. Refers to a persons ability to monitor their own and other peoples feelings and to use this information to guide their thinking and their actions ; some people say this refers more to a personality trait
Initiative vs guilt
Invariant
Emotional intelligence
Identity foreclosure
29. One of the approaches Piaget used was the _____ - he would pose a problem then he would ask the child a question and based on the answer he got he would ask the child additional questions
Validity
Egocentric thinking
Clinical method
Role confusions
30. Said no with respect to any native born english speak child ( if you were born in this country and you speak english then it wont be bias against you)
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31. We inherit the tendencies to combine processes into coherent systems
Norm reference test ( ACT - GRE - IQ tests - in class exams - special education placement)
Vygotsky calls this Private Speech
Organizations
Grade equivalency score
32. Birth to about 9 years old ; kohlberg says young kids do not understand the rules of society; they follow the rules to avoid punishment
Stages
Preconventional morality
Invariant
Initiative vs guilt
33. 1. some people feel as though he may have underestimated the ability of kids 2. he talked about there being 4 distinct stages of development 3. some critics focused too much on what children couldnt do rather than what they could do 4. some think t
Criticisms of Piaget
Accommodation
1. trust vs mistrust 2.autonomy vs shame and doubt 3. initiative vs guilt 4. industry vs inferiority 5. identity vs role confusions
Beverly Fargot
34. 11 years and on ; the child begins to use abstract thinking - deal with hypothesis - engages in mental manipulations; this formal thinking develops gradually
Erikson's criticisms
Industry vs inferiority
Identity achievement
Formal operation stage
35. When a baby begins to attach to their mother -he did research with ducks. He would take the place of the mother duck during this time of imprinting and the ducks would imprint to him.
Criterion (criteria) reference test
Cognitive reasoning
Critical period
Lorenz - imprinting
36. believed that kids develop a sense of morality by going through stages
Kohlberg
Nature vs nurture
Hartshore and May
Autonomy vs shame and doubt; if the child feelds overly criticized or punished or guilty the child may come out of this stage without autonomy and strong feelings of shame and doubt
37. Believes kids benefit more when they interact with kids people who are more skilled than they are; believes that language is critical for cognitive development to occur
Lorenz - imprinting
Arthur JEnsen
Kohlberg
Vygotsky beliefs
38. Experimental method consists of 2 groups: _____ and ________
Individual case study
Carol Gilligan
Experimental and control
Formal operation stage
39. Where is this new experience causes a change in an existing scheme ; child may have to modify this scheme (ex: john lenon's child adding a new idea of what a court is )
Early maturing boys
Invariant
Accommodation
Independent variable
40. Factor being manipulated in experimental group
Independent variable
Conservation
Erikson's contributions
Adaptation
41. Believed that intelligence is 80% due to heredity; he also believes that innate differences may exist between blacks and whites
Arthur JEnsen
Independent variable
Criterion (criteria) reference test
Vygotsky
42. Piaget did over 40 years of research using experiments and research of how kids ________.
Experimental methods
Think at different ages
Autonomy vs shame and doubt; if the child feelds overly criticized or punished or guilty the child may come out of this stage without autonomy and strong feelings of shame and doubt
Psychoscoial moratorium
43. Age of 12 to 15 years; during this stage the child will be going through adolescence and will develop a sense of ____ or _____ where they arent really sure how to behave or how to be accepted by other or who they are
Identity achievement
Identity vs role confusion
Educational psychology
Autonomy vs shame and doubt; if the child feelds overly criticized or punished or guilty the child may come out of this stage without autonomy and strong feelings of shame and doubt
44. A derived score that indicates the percentage of people at or below this raw score
Negative correlation
Percentile score
Invariant
Arthur JEnsen
45. Adolescents who do not feel a sense of crisis about their future career because they avoid thinking about it (lets party attitude)
Early maturing girls
Identity diffusion
Equilibrium ( mental balance)
Naturalistic observation
46. Williams developed a test called black intelligence test of cultural homogeniasis test known as _________
ZPD - zone of prozimal distance
Dependent variable
BITCH test
Cognitive reasoning
47. What are the 4 different identity statuses of James Marcia?
Criticisms of Piaget
1. Identity diffusion 2. Moratorium 3. identity achievement 4. Identity foreclosure
Reliability and validity
Adaptation
48. Keeping all variables in both groups the same except for one
Normal curve ( bell shaped curve)
Adaptation
Control variable
Vygotsky
49. Age 6 to 11 years; during this stage the child begins school; if they are sucsessful in school they develop a sense of accomplishment ; these feelings may stay with a child throughout their entire life
Role confusions
Industry vs inferiority
Late maturing girls
6 hour retardets
50. What are the Piaget's 3 Principles?
1. conservationism 2. De-centration 3. Reversibility
Kohlberg believes that moral reasoning could be sped up by instruction; Piaget disagreed because he believes moral reasoning is tied into cognitive development and cognitive development cannot be sped up
Educational psychology
'storm and stress'