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Test your basic knowledge |
Educational Psychology Basics
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. They were more self confident - had higher self esteem - more likely to be leaders and more likely to receive favorable comments from adults ; this happens because the look ... and are better athletes; the only bad thing is that they are more likely
Early maturing boys
Erikson's contributions
Zone of Proximal Distance
ZPD - Zone of proximal distance
2. Describing relationships between two factors is a correlation: a statistical description of how closely two variables are related. They can range from -1.00 to +1.00.
Vygotsky calls this Private Speech
Parpain
Jane Mercer
Naturalistic observations
3. 1. there was no proof 2. his emphasis on identity crisis may have been from his own experiences in his life and he may have incorporated into a theory for everyone
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4. 2 to about 7 years; during this stage language develops at a rapid rate - the child no longer thinks as images but in words; increase in terms of language but the way the child thinks is not yet logical
Piaget
Preoperational stage
Double blind study
1. preconventional morality 2. conventional morality 3. post conventional morality
5. By the age of 9 _________ disappears because they reach the cognitive level where this form of speech does not need to guide their behavior or thinking any more
Zone of Proximal Distance
Egocentric thinking
1st year ; development of trust
Private speech
6. Talked about kids in schools that were only considered retarded during the 6 hours they were at school
Jane Mercer
Early maturing boys
Double blind study
Naturalistic observation
7. Found that parents tend to encourage their daughters to be dependent ; she suggests that parents and teachers encourage them to figure the problem out their selves before they help
1. conservationism 2. De-centration 3. Reversibility
Pase vs Hannon
Beverly Fargot
Decentration
8. Experimental method consists of 2 groups: _____ and ________
Organization and adaptation
Normal curve ( bell shaped curve)
Assimilation
Experimental and control
9. Piaget believes effective teaching takes place in the _____
ZPD - Zone of proximal distance
Psychoscoial moratorium
Parallel play
Organizations
10. Psychologists observe events as they naturally occur in the real world; observe behavior w/out influencing it; used for ethical reasons(ex: child that was being physically abused as a child then became a criminal ) by observing criminals and seeing H
Educational psychology
Naturalistic observation
Intelligence
Stanine scores
11. Birth to about 9 years old ; kohlberg says young kids do not understand the rules of society; they follow the rules to avoid punishment
Testing
Preconventional morality
Late maturing boys
Experimental methods
12. Behavior being measured in experiment
Equilibrium ( mental balance)
Dependent variable
Carol Gilligan
Late maturing boys
13. Can transform all the GES scores into ______ so they can be compared
Reversibility
Standardized scores
1st year ; development of trust
BITCH test
14. One individual is studied in dept for a long period of time (situations: you would use this - people in war - murder's - serial killers - multiple personalities)(children with skills to advanced for their age)
Individual case study
Preoperational stage
Preoperational stage
Control variable
15. What are Erkison's 8 psychosocial stages?
Standardized testing
1. trust vs mistrust 2.autonomy vs shame and doubt 3. initiative vs guilt 4. industry vs inferiority 5. identity vs role confusions
Beverly Fargot
Stanine scores
16. Compare an individuals performance to that of his or her peers ; 1. they are objective 2. have predetermined answers 3. compare a student's performance to the performance of others 4. the performance is evaluated in terms of norms
Norm reference test
James Marcia
Naturalistic observations
Double blind study
17. Did research and found that parents tend to treat their boys and girls differently; they became negative when their daughters were overly physical or athletics ( parents were oten not aware of the negative feedback they gave when their daughter was i
Beverly Fagot
Double blind study
1. Identity diffusion 2. Moratorium 3. identity achievement 4. Identity foreclosure
Equilibrium ( mental balance)
18. Believes that kids learn about their culture through interaction with those older than they are
Vygotsky
Psychoscoial moratorium
Jane Mercer
Testing
19. Take a standard set of items presented in a uniform manner and the results are reported in terms of standards
Preoperational stage
Standardized testing
Universal
Beverly Fargot
20. Based on the child themselves - if they reach a certain level they pass ( ex: praxis and leap test) ; measures how well a student has achieved specific objectives
Conservation
Criterion (criteria) reference test
Contributions of Piaget
Frequency distribution
21. Sometimes given on reports ; were developed back in WWII by air force psychologists and they were used to screen men for different kinds of programs
Scheme
Stanine scores
Pase vs Hannon
Educational psychology
22. How do children develop a sense of right and wrong - what behavior is okay and what behavior is not okay
Different types of tests and surverys
Negative correlation
Percentile score
Moral development
23. What are 3 different ways to study behavior?
Individual case study - naturalistic observation - tests and surverys
Stanine scores
Reliability and validity
'storm and stress'
24. Said alot of kids were able to describe what they were supposed to do in hypothetial situation but when you place them in a real life situation they often engage in the opposite behavior ; final observation: kids know the rules - they just dont follo
Naturalistic observations
Hartshore and May
Stages
Criterion (criteria) reference test
25. Ages 2 to 3 ; during this stage kids may develop a sense of independence ; they begin to walk and potty train(learn self control) - 'NO!' Erikson believes this is the child developing a sense of _______(self confidence)
Learned helplessness
Educational psychology
Autonomy vs shame and doubt; if the child feelds overly criticized or punished or guilty the child may come out of this stage without autonomy and strong feelings of shame and doubt
Conventional morality
26. Means a delay or pause or break from your usual activities
Trust vs mistrust; if the child's basic needs are met during this stage then they come out with a sense of trust; if not met they come out with a sense of mistrust
Kohlberg believes that moral reasoning could be sped up by instruction; Piaget disagreed because he believes moral reasoning is tied into cognitive development and cognitive development cannot be sped up
Psychoscoial moratorium
Parallel play
27. Probably the most often looked at score when people look at reports
Jane Mercer
1. trust vs mistrust 2.autonomy vs shame and doubt 3. initiative vs guilt 4. industry vs inferiority 5. identity vs role confusions
Grade equivalency score
Clinical method
28. Factor being manipulated in experimental group
Positive correlation
Private speech
Independent variable
Cognitive reasoning
29. Not only observe behavior - also manipulate it.
Parallel play
Experimental methods
Late maturing boys
Psychosocial moratorium
30. Piaget said we has humans inherit two basic tendencies ______ and ______.
Identity achievement
Organization and adaptation
Reliability
Cognitive reasoning
31. Williams developed a test called black intelligence test of cultural homogeniasis test known as _________
BITCH test
Private speech
Validity
Identity diffusion
32. New experiences that fit an existing scheme ; a child sees a ew type of ball and realizes it a ball - different from his ball but understands its still a ball
Assimilation
Jean Block
Sandra bem
Stages
33. 1. some people feel as though he may have underestimated the ability of kids 2. he talked about there being 4 distinct stages of development 3. some critics focused too much on what children couldnt do rather than what they could do 4. some think t
Criticisms of Piaget
Think at different ages
Reliability
Adaptation
34. Young kids that talk to themselves
Psychoscoial moratorium
Standardized testing
Vygotsky calls this Private Speech
Early and late maturation
35. Erikson said if a child is having feelings of role confusion to take a ________
Conventional morality
James Marcia
1. conservationism 2. De-centration 3. Reversibility
Psychosocial moratorium
36. An organized pattern of behavior or thought
Negative correlation
Erikson's criticisms
Scheme
Autonomy vs shame and doubt; if the child feelds overly criticized or punished or guilty the child may come out of this stage without autonomy and strong feelings of shame and doubt
37. Stages all happen in the same sequence
Nature vs nurture
Formal operation stage
Invariant
Role confusions
38. Said that IQ tests are so biased they should be declared illegal
Jane Mercer
1. trust vs mistrust 2.autonomy vs shame and doubt 3. initiative vs guilt 4. industry vs inferiority 5. identity vs role confusions
Universal
Vygotsky calls this Private Speech
39. Was influenced by the works of Erikson - talked about adolescents going through different identity statuses ( identity choices )
Think at different ages
James Marcia
Trust vs mistrust; if the child's basic needs are met during this stage then they come out with a sense of trust; if not met they come out with a sense of mistrust
Identity diffusion
40. Erikson believes the ____ year of life is a CRITICAL PERIOD for the development of ______
Educational psychology
1st year ; development of trust
Standard score (derived score)
Moral development
41. Belief that some people have that they have little or no control over their lives ; those that often have this have problems with depression
Learned helplessness
Reliability
Autonomy vs shame and doubt; if the child feelds overly criticized or punished or guilty the child may come out of this stage without autonomy and strong feelings of shame and doubt
Different types of tests and surverys
42. Refers to puberty and the hormones influencing behavior and feelings - what Stanley Hall considered adolescence
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43. Keeping all variables in both groups the same except for one
Standard score (derived score)
Cognitive reasoning
Preoperational stage
Control variable
44. At a disadvantage - were popular with their peers and with boys but all things being equal they were likely to suffer from depression more likely to suffer from an eating disorder more likely to become suicidal ; gain weight earlier which is viewed a
Assimilation and accommodation
Pase vs Hannon
Early maturing girls
Dependent variable
45. 1. 1st person that got us looking at the fact that kids develop cognitively in stages 2. got us to realize that kids think differently from each other and from adults 3. got us to realize that qualitative changes in thinking happen as a child goes
Industry vs inferiority
Negative correlation
6 hour retardets
Contributions of Piaget
46. A derived score that indicates the percentage of people at or below this raw score
Late maturing boys
Autonomy vs shame and doubt; if the child feelds overly criticized or punished or guilty the child may come out of this stage without autonomy and strong feelings of shame and doubt
Cognitive reasoning
Percentile score
47. Characterizes : only focus on one characteristic at a time - doesnt have reversibility - often times make decisions based on how things look and have a hard time realizing that an object can posses more than one property or that it can belong to seve
Jane Mercer
Preoperational stage
Testing
Pase vs Hannon
48. These individuals often times have more feelings of inferiority - not as popular as the ..... typically - more likely to engage in attention getting behavior (silly goofy stuff)
Organizations
Late maturing boys
Early maturing girls
1. trust vs mistrust 2.autonomy vs shame and doubt 3. initiative vs guilt 4. industry vs inferiority 5. identity vs role confusions
49. Ruled that tests that are biased (IQ tests) cannot be used for the placement of minority kids into classes
Standardized testing
Laray Pee case
Early maturing boys
Testing
50. believed that kids develop a sense of morality by going through stages
Correlation
Kohlberg
Different types of tests and surverys
Formal operation stage