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Test your basic knowledge |
Educational Psychology Basics
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Study First
Subject
:
teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Piaget says the cognitive stages a child goes through are _________
Invariant
Industry vs inferiority
Concrete-operational stage
Normal curve
2. How do children develop a sense of right and wrong - what behavior is okay and what behavior is not okay
Normal curve
Moral development
Correlation
Preconventional morality
3. One individual is studied in dept for a long period of time (situations: you would use this - people in war - murder's - serial killers - multiple personalities)(children with skills to advanced for their age)
Kohlberg
Individual case study
Early and late maturation
Piaget
4. What happened in the past
Jane Mercer
Parpain
Correlation
Reliability and validity
5. Achieved the success of trying to encourage your kids to experience success and limit the feelings of inferiority
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6. Belief that some people have that they have little or no control over their lives ; those that often have this have problems with depression
Preoperational stage
Erikson's criticisms
Learned helplessness
Private speech
7. What are the Piaget's 3 Principles?
Lorenz - imprinting
Experimental methods
1. conservationism 2. De-centration 3. Reversibility
Naturalistic observation
8. In Chicago the judge ruled that IQ tests are not biased against minority kids and that they can be used for placement
Conventional morality
Naturalistic observations
Testing
Pase vs Hannon
9. Define intelligence
Beverly Fargot
Psychoscoial moratorium
Private speech
Psychologists have trouble agreeing on what intelligence is and any type of test including IQ cannot test intelligence it only shows a sample of behavior
10. About 7 to 11 years old; this stage is a major turning point in a child's cognitive development ; child's thinking begins to resemble that of an adult more than that of a child ; child is able to utilize conservation - decentration - and reversibilit
Late maturing boys
Moral development
Trust vs mistrust; if the child's basic needs are met during this stage then they come out with a sense of trust; if not met they come out with a sense of mistrust
Concrete-operational stage
11. When a baby begins to attach to their mother -he did research with ducks. He would take the place of the mother duck during this time of imprinting and the ducks would imprint to him.
ZPD - zone of prozimal distance
Lorenz - imprinting
Stages
Educational psychology
12. Psychologists observe events as they naturally occur in the real world; observe behavior w/out influencing it; used for ethical reasons(ex: child that was being physically abused as a child then became a criminal ) by observing criminals and seeing H
Decentration
Naturalistic observation
Psychologists have trouble agreeing on what intelligence is and any type of test including IQ cannot test intelligence it only shows a sample of behavior
Post conventional morality
13. Piaget didnt believe that _____ plays an imporant role in the child's cognitive development
Sandra bem
1. trust vs mistrust 2.autonomy vs shame and doubt 3. initiative vs guilt 4. industry vs inferiority 5. identity vs role confusions
Language
Normal curve
14. 1. 1st person that got us looking at the fact that kids develop cognitively in stages 2. got us to realize that kids think differently from each other and from adults 3. got us to realize that qualitative changes in thinking happen as a child goes
Educational psychology
Industry vs inferiority
Contributions of Piaget
Conservation
15. An organized pattern of behavior or thought
Negative correlation
Psychoscoial moratorium
Intelligence
Scheme
16. What are the 4 different identity statuses of James Marcia?
Independent variable
Naturalistic observation
1. Identity diffusion 2. Moratorium 3. identity achievement 4. Identity foreclosure
Clinical method
17. believed that kids develop a sense of morality by going through stages
Adaptation
Conservation
Control variable
Kohlberg
18. Age 4 to 5 years; during this stage the child beings to learn language ; see alot of exploration from the child ; this initiative to explore will be encouraged if the child doesnt feel guilty
Jensen's response to 'are IQ tests bias?'
BITCH test
Identity vs role confusion
Initiative vs guilt
19. One of the approaches Piaget used was the _____ - he would pose a problem then he would ask the child a question and based on the answer he got he would ask the child additional questions
Erikson's criticisms
Positive correlation
Negative correlation
Clinical method
20. 9 to about 20 years old ; this group he says follows the rules of society because they are the rules of society ; follow the rules to impress other people (like parents and teachers and to show their respect for authority )
Conventional morality
Stanine scores
Scheme
Arthur JEnsen
21. _____ had a huge impact on
6 hour retardets
Grade equivalency score
Piaget
Identity vs role confusion
22. Does it measure what it claims to measure?
Vygotsky calls this Private Speech
Validity
Erikson's criticisms
Norm reference test
23. The purpose of a ____ is to separate the performance of individuals so that there is a distribution of scores from the highest to the lowest score
Norm reference test ( ACT - GRE - IQ tests - in class exams - special education placement)
Sensorimotor stage
Piaget
Initiative vs guilt
24. Most psychologists believe that intelligence is due to ___ ____; you cant prove which one is more or if they equal but they both play a role
Adaptation
Standardized testing
Egocentric thinking
Nature vs nurture
25. Said alot of kids were able to describe what they were supposed to do in hypothetial situation but when you place them in a real life situation they often engage in the opposite behavior ; final observation: kids know the rules - they just dont follo
Hartshore and May
Role confusions
Kohlberg believes that moral reasoning could be sped up by instruction; Piaget disagreed because he believes moral reasoning is tied into cognitive development and cognitive development cannot be sped up
Independent variable
26. Said that IQ tests are so biased they should be declared illegal
Decentration
Sampling(represents society as a whole - if you dont have a sample then the experiment will be messed up) - control(keep all the variables the same except the independent) - objectivity(some believe some dont) - publication(peer journals) - replicati
Jane Mercer
Contributions of Piaget
27. She said what we should strive for is psychological androgony (means not gender specific - can be both male and female characteristics)
1st year ; development of trust
Equilibrium ( mental balance)
Sandra bem
Preconventional morality
28. Piaget believes that the different thinking throughout childhood occurs in _______
Role confusions
Post conventional morality
Naturalistic observation
Stages
29. Did research and found that parents tend to treat their boys and girls differently; they became negative when their daughters were overly physical or athletics ( parents were oten not aware of the negative feedback they gave when their daughter was i
Beverly Fagot
1. Identity diffusion 2. Moratorium 3. identity achievement 4. Identity foreclosure
Arthur JEnsen
Jane Mercer
30. Relationship between two variables in which the high value of one is associated with a low value of the other; example - outside temperature and weight of clothes people wear
Negative correlation
Moral development
Reversibility
Different types of tests and surverys
31. When a child encounters a new experience that does not fit an existing scheme _________ becomes necessary
Jean Block
4 times - successful suicide
Adaptation
Organizations
32. 1. some people feel as though he may have underestimated the ability of kids 2. he talked about there being 4 distinct stages of development 3. some critics focused too much on what children couldnt do rather than what they could do 4. some think t
Criticisms of Piaget
Educational psychology
Erikson's criticisms
Universal
33. There are adolescents who accept and endorse the career choice made for them by someone else
Preoperational stage
Autonomy vs shame and doubt; if the child feelds overly criticized or punished or guilty the child may come out of this stage without autonomy and strong feelings of shame and doubt
Identity foreclosure
Formal operation stage
34. Two important factors you need to look at are _____ and _____
1. conservationism 2. De-centration 3. Reversibility
Reliability and validity
Reversibility
Standardized testing
35. Based on the standard deviation
Different types of tests and surverys
Standard score (derived score)
Criterion (criteria) reference test
Trust vs mistrust; if the child's basic needs are met during this stage then they come out with a sense of trust; if not met they come out with a sense of mistrust
36. A window of opportunity; if something doesnt happen during this period it may never happen
Accommodation
Naturalistic observations
Critical period
Cognitive reasoning
37. When the experimenter or the subject dont know which group they are in ; helps to avoid experimental bias and certain kinds of treatment that may change subjects behavior
Erikson's contributions
Scheme
Late maturing girls
Double blind study
38. Goes from birth to about the age of 2 years - during this stage schemes are developed primarily through sensory and motor activities ; around the age of 6 to 8 months the child develops an important cognitive milestone object permanence
Assimilation
Sensorimotor stage
Normal curve ( bell shaped curve)
1st year ; development of trust
39. Liuson and Peskin looked at kids who began to develop physically mature before their class mates ( ___________)
Individual case study
Late maturing boys
6 hour retardets
Early and late maturation
40. They were more self confident - had higher self esteem - more likely to be leaders and more likely to receive favorable comments from adults ; this happens because the look ... and are better athletes; the only bad thing is that they are more likely
Nature vs nurture
James Marcia
Early maturing boys
Individual case study
41. These kids are only considered 'retarded' during the 6 hours they attend school; characteristics mostly male - minority - come from lower SES familes
Learned helplessness
1. trust vs mistrust 2.autonomy vs shame and doubt 3. initiative vs guilt 4. industry vs inferiority 5. identity vs role confusions
6 hour retardets
1. preconventional morality 2. conventional morality 3. post conventional morality
42. By the age of 9 _________ disappears because they reach the cognitive level where this form of speech does not need to guide their behavior or thinking any more
Role confusions
Learned helplessness
Moral development
Private speech
43. What are 3 different ways to study behavior?
Stages
Individual case study - naturalistic observation - tests and surverys
Early maturing girls
Accommodation
44. 1. there was no proof 2. his emphasis on identity crisis may have been from his own experiences in his life and he may have incorporated into a theory for everyone
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45. Relationship between two variables where they increase or decrease together ; example - number of calories and number of pounds gained
Jane Mercer
Positive correlation
Intelligence
Universal
46. Categories are 34% - 14% and 2% from the mean ; height - weight - intelligence - will fall under this
Normal curve
Emotional intelligence
Psychologists have trouble agreeing on what intelligence is and any type of test including IQ cannot test intelligence it only shows a sample of behavior
Beverly Fagot
47. Are the scores repeatable?
Reliability
Negative correlation
Sandra bem
Double blind study
48. Stages all happen in the same sequence
Contributions of Piaget
Invariant
Organization and adaptation
BITCH test
49. Describing relationships between two factors is a correlation: a statistical description of how closely two variables are related. They can range from -1.00 to +1.00.
Correlation
Naturalistic observations
Stages
Erikson's criticisms
50. Did research and used moral dellima stories like Kohlberg to compare males to females; discovered women showed more care/concern; men experience more of a feeling of justice being served
Assimilation
Adaptation
Carol Gilligan
Piaget
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