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Test your basic knowledge |
Educational Psychology Basics
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Subject
:
teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 2 to about 7 years; during this stage language develops at a rapid rate - the child no longer thinks as images but in words; increase in terms of language but the way the child thinks is not yet logical
Control variable
1. trust vs mistrust 2.autonomy vs shame and doubt 3. initiative vs guilt 4. industry vs inferiority 5. identity vs role confusions
Preoperational stage
Validity
2. Found that from an early age boys are encouraged to be competitive - to achieve - and to control the expression of their feelings; girls at an early age are encouraged to develop close relationhips - talk about their troubles - and show affection and
Grade equivalency score
Contributions of Piaget
Parallel play
Jean Block
3. One of the approaches Piaget used was the _____ - he would pose a problem then he would ask the child a question and based on the answer he got he would ask the child additional questions
Clinical method
Experimental and control
ZPD - zone of prozimal distance
Kohlberg believes that moral reasoning could be sped up by instruction; Piaget disagreed because he believes moral reasoning is tied into cognitive development and cognitive development cannot be sped up
4. Goes from birth to about the age of 2 years - during this stage schemes are developed primarily through sensory and motor activities ; around the age of 6 to 8 months the child develops an important cognitive milestone object permanence
Sensorimotor stage
Psychosocial moratorium
Critical period
Psychoscoial moratorium
5. What are the 4 different identity statuses of James Marcia?
1. Identity diffusion 2. Moratorium 3. identity achievement 4. Identity foreclosure
Equilibrium ( mental balance)
Sensorimotor stage
Standardized scores
6. Being in that area of being able to do things by themselves with a little of assistance
1st year ; development of trust
1. conservationism 2. De-centration 3. Reversibility
ZPD - zone of prozimal distance
Nature vs nurture
7. Older kids have the ability to pour the water back and realize it is the same amount
Reversibility
Object permanence
Identity diffusion
Early and late maturation
8. Psychologists observe events as they naturally occur in the real world; observe behavior w/out influencing it; used for ethical reasons(ex: child that was being physically abused as a child then became a criminal ) by observing criminals and seeing H
1. sensorimotor stage 2. preoperational stage 3. concrete-operational stage 4. formal operation stage
Private speech
Naturalistic observation
Invariant
9. 20 and on up if it happens at all; only a small proportion of adults get to this level; these peoplea re able to understand the moral principles behind the rules of society
1. trust vs mistrust 2.autonomy vs shame and doubt 3. initiative vs guilt 4. industry vs inferiority 5. identity vs role confusions
Organizations
Post conventional morality
Jensen's response to 'are IQ tests bias?'
10. Part of What is called assessment; a sample of behavior or knowledge and try to draw conclusions based on that
Hartshore and May
Stages
Testing
Industry vs inferiority
11. Piaget also found that young kids engage in __________; presume that everyone sees things or experiences things the same way as they do
Kohlberg believes that moral reasoning could be sped up by instruction; Piaget disagreed because he believes moral reasoning is tied into cognitive development and cognitive development cannot be sped up
Egocentric thinking
ZPD - zone of prozimal distance
1. trust vs mistrust 2.autonomy vs shame and doubt 3. initiative vs guilt 4. industry vs inferiority 5. identity vs role confusions
12. Belief that some people have that they have little or no control over their lives ; those that often have this have problems with depression
Frequency distribution
Late maturing girls
Erikson's criticisms
Learned helplessness
13. Was influenced by the works of Erikson - talked about adolescents going through different identity statuses ( identity choices )
Vygotsky beliefs
Stanine scores
Reliability and validity
James Marcia
14. Factor being manipulated in experimental group
Independent variable
Accommodation
BITCH test
Late maturing girls
15. Experimental method consists of 2 groups: _____ and ________
Experimental and control
Assimilation
Contributions of Piaget
Trust vs mistrust; if the child's basic needs are met during this stage then they come out with a sense of trust; if not met they come out with a sense of mistrust
16. The higher the statistic the stronger the ___________
Correlation
Identity achievement
Identity vs role confusion
Private speech
17. believed that kids develop a sense of morality by going through stages
James Marcia
1. trust vs mistrust 2.autonomy vs shame and doubt 3. initiative vs guilt 4. industry vs inferiority 5. identity vs role confusions
Criticisms of Piaget
Kohlberg
18. Goes from birth to age 1 - during this stage he believes the child begins to learn whether or not they can trust their world
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19. How to Piaget and Kohlberg differ?
Object permanence
Early maturing boys
1. sensorimotor stage 2. preoperational stage 3. concrete-operational stage 4. formal operation stage
Kohlberg believes that moral reasoning could be sped up by instruction; Piaget disagreed because he believes moral reasoning is tied into cognitive development and cognitive development cannot be sped up
20. Piaget believes a child's moral reasoning is tied to their ________; because the 6 year old child has not mastered decentration yet so he can only focus on 1 thing at a time and he focused on the size of the stain so the child with the bigger stain w
Invariant
Naturalistic observations
Cognitive reasoning
Standardized scores
21. Means a delay or pause or break from your usual activities
6 hour retardets
Dependent variable
Stanine scores
Psychoscoial moratorium
22. Ranking a test from highest to lowest scores ; when psychologists look at test performance they look at measures of central tendency
Frequency distribution
Vygotsky
Beverly Fagot
Correlation
23. _____ had a huge impact on
Dependent variable
1. conservationism 2. De-centration 3. Reversibility
Carol Gilligan
Piaget
24. More confident and more outgoing
Kohlberg believes that moral reasoning could be sped up by instruction; Piaget disagreed because he believes moral reasoning is tied into cognitive development and cognitive development cannot be sped up
Late maturing girls
1. Identity diffusion 2. Moratorium 3. identity achievement 4. Identity foreclosure
Critical period
25. The child begins to realize that objects can continue to exist when they are out of sight
Standardized scores
4 times - successful suicide
Parallel play
Object permanence
26. How do children develop a sense of right and wrong - what behavior is okay and what behavior is not okay
Standard score (derived score)
Organizations
Beverly Fargot
Moral development
27. What are the Piaget's 3 Principles?
Psychoscoial moratorium
Decentration
1. conservationism 2. De-centration 3. Reversibility
Piaget
28. These kids are only considered 'retarded' during the 6 hours they attend school; characteristics mostly male - minority - come from lower SES familes
6 hour retardets
Industry vs inferiority
Clinical method
Universal
29. IQ tests - interest tests - personality - etc.
Laray Pee case
Erikson's criticisms
Different types of tests and surverys
Grade equivalency score
30. Can transform all the GES scores into ______ so they can be compared
Erikson's criticisms
Standardized scores
Psychologists have trouble agreeing on what intelligence is and any type of test including IQ cannot test intelligence it only shows a sample of behavior
Different types of tests and surverys
31. Behavior being measured in experiment
Negative correlation
Validity
Learned helplessness
Dependent variable
32. What are the 3 levels of moral reasoning developed by Kohlberg?
1. Identity diffusion 2. Moratorium 3. identity achievement 4. Identity foreclosure
Normal curve ( bell shaped curve)
Norm reference test ( ACT - GRE - IQ tests - in class exams - special education placement)
1. preconventional morality 2. conventional morality 3. post conventional morality
33. Believes kids benefit more when they interact with kids people who are more skilled than they are; believes that language is critical for cognitive development to occur
Vygotsky
Experimental and control
Decentration
Vygotsky beliefs
34. When you play besides someone but not really interacting with them
1. trust vs mistrust 2.autonomy vs shame and doubt 3. initiative vs guilt 4. industry vs inferiority 5. identity vs role confusions
Naturalistic observation
Early maturing girls
Parallel play
35. Piaget believes effective teaching takes place in the _____
ZPD - Zone of proximal distance
Invariant
Early maturing girls
6 hour retardets
36. Piaget says the cognitive stages a child goes through are _________
Invariant
Vygotsky beliefs
Reliability
1. trust vs mistrust 2.autonomy vs shame and doubt 3. initiative vs guilt 4. industry vs inferiority 5. identity vs role confusions
37. Two important factors you need to look at are _____ and _____
Jane Mercer
Norm reference test ( ACT - GRE - IQ tests - in class exams - special education placement)
Reliability and validity
Psychoscoial moratorium
38. Piaget didnt believe that _____ plays an imporant role in the child's cognitive development
1. trust vs mistrust 2.autonomy vs shame and doubt 3. initiative vs guilt 4. industry vs inferiority 5. identity vs role confusions
Vygotsky calls this Private Speech
Post conventional morality
Language
39. When a baby begins to attach to their mother -he did research with ducks. He would take the place of the mother duck during this time of imprinting and the ducks would imprint to him.
Individual case study - naturalistic observation - tests and surverys
Standardized scores
Erikson's contributions
Lorenz - imprinting
40. Where is this new experience causes a change in an existing scheme ; child may have to modify this scheme (ex: john lenon's child adding a new idea of what a court is )
Accommodation
Vygotsky
Reversibility
Lorenz - imprinting
41. Piaget believes that the different thinking throughout childhood occurs in _______
Stages
Psychosocial moratorium
Role confusions
Naturalistic observations
42. What are Erkison's 8 psychosocial stages?
Preconventional morality
Identity vs role confusion
Identity diffusion
1. trust vs mistrust 2.autonomy vs shame and doubt 3. initiative vs guilt 4. industry vs inferiority 5. identity vs role confusions
43. Found that parents tend to encourage their daughters to be dependent ; she suggests that parents and teachers encourage them to figure the problem out their selves before they help
Formal operation stage
Beverly Fargot
Critical period
Validity
44. 1. 1st person that got us looking at the fact that kids develop cognitively in stages 2. got us to realize that kids think differently from each other and from adults 3. got us to realize that qualitative changes in thinking happen as a child goes
Contributions of Piaget
Trust vs mistrust; if the child's basic needs are met during this stage then they come out with a sense of trust; if not met they come out with a sense of mistrust
Reliability
1. conservationism 2. De-centration 3. Reversibility
45. Ruled that tests that are biased (IQ tests) cannot be used for the placement of minority kids into classes
Laray Pee case
Adaptation
1. trust vs mistrust 2.autonomy vs shame and doubt 3. initiative vs guilt 4. industry vs inferiority 5. identity vs role confusions
Early maturing boys
46. What are the 4 cognitive stages developed by Piaget?
1. sensorimotor stage 2. preoperational stage 3. concrete-operational stage 4. formal operation stage
Lorenz - imprinting
Norm reference test ( ACT - GRE - IQ tests - in class exams - special education placement)
Double blind study
47. What happened in the past
Trust vs mistrust; if the child's basic needs are met during this stage then they come out with a sense of trust; if not met they come out with a sense of mistrust
Educational testing(IQ - group test - leap - standardized testing - Norm reference test - frequency distribution - and criteria reference test
Correlation
Kohlberg
48. She said what we should strive for is psychological androgony (means not gender specific - can be both male and female characteristics)
Naturalistic observation
Sandra bem
Sampling(represents society as a whole - if you dont have a sample then the experiment will be messed up) - control(keep all the variables the same except the independent) - objectivity(some believe some dont) - publication(peer journals) - replicati
Experimental and control
49. ______ says kids often engage in parallel play
Standardized scores
Laray Pee case
Parpain
Assimilation
50. New experiences that fit an existing scheme ; a child sees a ew type of ball and realizes it a ball - different from his ball but understands its still a ball
ZPD - zone of prozimal distance
1st year ; development of trust
Assimilation
Standardized scores
Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?
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