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Educational Psychology Vocab

Subject : teaching
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Stages 1 and 2 in Kohlberg's model of moral reasoning - in which individuals make moral judgements in their own interests.






2. Strategy where students more easily discover and comprehend difficult concepts if they can talk with each other about the problems (constructivist supported learning)






3. Research into the relationships between variables as they naturally occur.






4. Theories based on the belief that human development progresses smoothly and gradually from infancy to adulthood.






5. Final evaluations of students' achievement of an objective






6. Variables for which there is no relationship between high/low levels of one and high/low levels of the other.






7. General aptitude for learning - often measured by the ability to deal with abstractions and to solve problems.






8. Memorization of facts or association that might be essentially arbitrary






9. A part of long-term memory that stores images of our personal experiences






10. Reinforcement schedule in which desired behavior is rewarded following a fixed number of behaviors.






11. The goals of students who are motivated primarily by a desire to gain recognition from others and to earn good grades.






12. Research + common sense






13. Events that precede behaviors






14. Stage at which children learn to represent things in the mind. (Piaget: ages 2-7)






15. Explanations of learning that emphasize observable changes in behavior.






16. Mental networks of related concepts that influence understanding of new information






17. A method - such as questioning - that helps teachers find out whether students understand a lesson.






18. Instruction in the background skills and knowledge that prepare children for formal teaching later.






19. Decreased ability to learn new information - caused by interference from existing knowledge






20. According to Erikson - the set of critical issues that individuals must address as they pass through each of the eight life stages.






21. In Piaget's theory of moral development - the stage at which a person understands that people make rules and that punishments are not automatic.






22. The study of learning and teaching.






23. Identifies two main types of needs: deficiency needs and growth needs. People are motivated to satisfy needs at the bottom of the hierarchy before seeking to satisfy those at the top. (deficiency needs bottom to top: physiological needs - safety need

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24. Component of instruction in which students work by themselves to demonstrate and rehearse new knowledge.






25. A person's perception of his or her own strengths - weaknesses - abilities - attitudes - and values.






26. A consequence that people learn to value through its association with a primary reinforcer.






27. Process by which a learner gradually acquires expertise through interaction with an expert - with an adult or an older or more advanced peer.






28. Theory suggesting that information coded both visually and verbally is remembered better than information coded in only one of those two ways.






29. Approach to teaching in which the teacher transmits information directly to the students; lessons are goal oriented and structured by the teacher.






30. The process of comparing oneself to other to gather information and to evaluate and judge one's abilities - attitudes - and conduct.






31. The use of pleasant or unpleasant consequences to control the occurrence of behavior. (Skinner)






32. A chart that classifies lesson objectives according to cognitive level.






33. An aversive stimulus following a behavior - used to decrease the chances that the behavior will occur again.






34. Theories that state that learners must individually discover and transform complex information - checking new information against old rules and revising rules when they no longer work. (student-centered instruction)






35. Assessments that rate how thoroughly students have mastered specific skills or areas of knowledge






36. Stages 5 & 6 in Kohlberg's model of moral reasoning - in which individuals make moral judgments in realtion to abstract principles.






37. A person's ability to develop his or her full potential






38. Signals as to what behavior(s) will be reinforced or punished. (also know as antecedent stimuli)






39. Teacher's ability to attend to interruptions or behavior problems while continuing a lesson or other instructional activity.






40. The order in which students are called on by the teacher to answer questions during the course of a lesson.






41. A type of evidence of validity that exists when scores on a test are related to scores from another measure of an associated trait






42. Arousing interest - maintaining curiosity - interesting presentation modes - and helping students set their own goals






43. The tendency to analyze oneself and one's own thoughts






44. Simple to complex: knowledge (recall) - comprehension (translating - interpreting - or extrapolating) - application (using principles or abstractions to solve novel or real-life problems) - analysis (breaking down complex information or ideas into si






45. Explanation of the relationship between factors - such as the effects of alternative grading systems on student motivation.






46. The expectation - based on experience - that one's actions will ultimately lead to failure.






47. Students' attitude of readiness to begin a lesson






48. A study method in which students work in pairs and take turns orally summarizing sections of material to be learned.






49. Students begin with complex problems to solve and then work out or discover (with the teacher's guidance) the basic skills required.






50. A parts of long-term memory that stores facts and general knowledge







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