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Educational Psychology Vocab

Subject : teaching
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Basic skills are gradually build into more complex skills.






2. Present new material - conduct learning probes - provide independent practice - assess performance and provide feedback - provide distributed practice and review






3. The weakening and eventual elimination of a learned behavior as reinforcement is withdrawn.






4. Gradual - orderly changes by which mental processes become more complex and sophisticated.






5. A small-group teaching method based on principles of question generation; through instruction and modeling - teachers foster metacognitive skills primarily to improve the reading performance of students who have poor comprehension






6. A theory that relates the probability and the incentive value of success to motivation






7. A chart that classifies lesson objectives according to cognitive level.






8. The use of pleasant or unpleasant consequences to control the occurrence of behavior. (Skinner)






9. Group that receives the treatment during an experiment.






10. Modifying existing schemes to fit new situations. (Piaget)






11. Final evaluations of students' achievement of an objective






12. Orderly and lasting growth - adaptation - and change over the course of a lifetime.






13. Support for learning and problem solving; might include clues - reminders - encouragement - breaking the problem down into steps - providing an example - or anything else that allows the student to grow in independence as a learner.






14. Programs that are designed to prepare disadvantaged children for entry into kindergarten and first grade.






15. Learning strategies that call on students to ask themselves who - what - where - and how questions as they read materials.






16. The value of each of us places on our own characteristics - abilities - and behaviors.






17. A study method in which students work in pairs and take turns orally summarizing sections of material to be learned.






18. Stages 5 & 6 in Kohlberg's model of moral reasoning - in which individuals make moral judgments in realtion to abstract principles.






19. General aptitude for learning - often measured by the ability to deal with abstractions and to solve problems.






20. Understanding new experiences in terms of existing schemes. (Piaget)






21. Piaget - Vygotsky - Erikson - and Kohlberg






22. A regrouping method in which students are grouped across grade lines for reading instruction






23. During this period children's continually maturing motor and language skills permit them to be increasingly aggressive and vigorous in the explorations of bot their social and their physical environment. 3 to 6 years (Erikson)






24. The increase in levels of a behavior in the early stages of extinction.






25. The component of memory in which limited amounts of information can be stored for a few seconds.






26. Procedure used to test the effect of a treatment. Researchers can create special treatments and analyze their effects.






27. Learned information that could be applied to a wide range of situations but whose use is limited to restricted - often artificial - applications.






28. Theory suggesting that information coded both visually and verbally is remembered better than information coded in only one of those two ways.






29. The study of teaching and learning with applications to the instructional process. Also called instruction.






30. A state of consolidation reflecting conscious - clear-cut decisions concerning occupation and ideology. (Marcia)






31. Research carried out by educators in their own classrooms or schools.






32. Pleasant or unpleasant conditions that follow behaviors and affect the frequency of future behaviors.






33. The process of adjusting schemes in response to the environment by means of assimilation and accommodation. (Piaget)






34. Play in which children engage in the same activity side by side but with very little interaction or mutual influence.






35. Use of direct - simple - and well-organized language to present concepts.






36. Learning of words (or facts expressed in words).






37. Theories describing human development as occurring through a fixed sequence of distinct - predictable stages governed by inborn factors.






38. Identifies two main types of needs: deficiency needs and growth needs. People are motivated to satisfy needs at the bottom of the hierarchy before seeking to satisfy those at the top. (deficiency needs bottom to top: physiological needs - safety need

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39. Learning theory that emphasizes not only reinforcement but also the effects of cues on thought and of thought on action. developed by Bandura






40. Variables for which there is no relationship between high/low levels of one and high/low levels of the other.






41. Socially approved behavior associated with one gender as opposed to the other.






42. Continuation (of behavior)






43. A skill learning during the concrete operational stage (Piaget) of cognitive development in which individuals can mentally arrange and compare objects.






44. Theories that state that learners must individually discover and transform complex information - checking new information against old rules and revising rules when they no longer work. (student-centered instruction)






45. The process of comparing oneself to other to gather information and to evaluate and judge one's abilities - attitudes - and conduct.






46. Stages 1 and 2 in Kohlberg's model of moral reasoning - in which individuals make moral judgements in their own interests.






47. Stimuli that have no effect on a particular response.






48. Process of repeatedly associating a previously neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus in order to evoke a conditioned response. (Pavlov)






49. Writing brief statements that represent the main idea of the information being read






50. Kounin - the degree to which the teacher is aware of and responsive to student behavior at all times







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