SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Emergency Medicine
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
emergency-medicine
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Gallbladder inflammation - often from prolonged obstruction of stones - Pain more severe than biliary coli - assoc w/ fever and lasts 6+ hours - Common bacteria: gram - - strep - anaerobes
Other major arteries
Define Acute Cholecystitis
Genital Herpes
EKG changes
2. ABC's - IV - O2 - cardiac monitor - Diuretics - Lasix - Lasix naive patients start at 20 mg IV - chronic users start at 40 mg IV - Morphine - Nitro if pain - Pressors prn
CHF
Tx of CHF
Cardiac Enzymes
Additional cardiac Tests
3. MONA - morphine - oxygen - nitroglycerin (sublingual or IV) -Aspirin 325 mg (consider Integrilin in high risk patients) - Beta Blocker (metoprolol) - decrease streght of heart contractility within first hour - Cardiology cx --> PCI vs surgery prn? -
LBO - Large bowel obstruction
ED Tx of GIB
Tx of Unstable Angina
Triage
4. IV fluids - monitor Bp - EKG prn - CBC - chem 7 - LFT's - Lipase - UA - HCG - Ultrasound of gallbladder - Surgical cx - CCY in 24-48 hours - Broad spectrum Abx (Unasyn or Levaquin) - Pain control (morphine or dilaudid) - don't use Toradol (NSAID) - N
What is a large bore IV?
ED work up for cholecystitis
When is Rho GAM used
Define Acute Cholecystitis
5. RUQ/epigastric pain - lasts 30 min to 6 hours - once gallbladder contracts and it relieves the obstruction - pain resolves - NO Fever
Other major arteries
Cardiac Tamponade
Define Biliary colic
Contraindications for thrombolytics
6. Main cause - hernias and adhesions. Other causes: CA - IBD - bezoar - gallstones - intussusception - Ascaris worm if travel - - Diagnostic Tests = KUB --> look or air/ fluid - levels and dilated loops of bowel - also CT scan Labs: CBC - chem 7 - LF
Posterior
SBO
Volvulus
Cardiac Tamponade
7. IVF - fill the tank - CBC - chem 7 - LFT's - Lipase - UA - HCG for females - surgery cx - Abd CT scan for adults - ultrasound for kids or to r/o ovarian pathology in females - NPO - Pain control - Pre op Antibiotics (Levo - Flagyl or Unasyn)
Defibrillation
Appendicitis work up
Gonorrhea
Chlamydia
8. 'trier' - to separate - sift or select based on priority of condition
ED workup of kidney stones
Initial steps in stabilizing a patient
Pain scale for infants
Triage
9. Often embolic phenomenon triggered by afib or endocarditis - 6 P's: Pain - pallor - paralysis - paresthesias - poikilothermia - pulselessness - DX: dopplers with ABI - ankle brachial index
Tachycardia
Acute Arterial occlusion - to lower extremities
Ascending Cholangitis
Appendicitis
10. Bilateral carotid and femoral pulses = most reliable - No pulse - start CPR immediately (2 minutes fast and hard and then swhich out)- Never stop doing CPR until pulse is present (CPR while defibrillator is charging - stop for electric discharge - an
ED treatment for Ectopic Pregnancy
DUKE criteria for endocarditis
Where to check pulses
Define Biliary colic
11. Due to HSV-1 S/S: painful vesicles after 1-2 weeks of exposure - HA - fever - dysuria - myalgias. First outbreak lasts 2-3 weeks - likely to recur DxL PCR from vesicular fluid Tx: Acyclovir 400 mg po TID x 2 weeks or Valacyclovir x 10 days. Most pat
Defibrillation
Volvulus
Pancreatitis work up
Genital Herpes
12. Check Vital Signs
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
13. Testis twists on a spermatic cord - restore blood flow in 6 hours or may have infertility - common at puberty and in 1 year olds - High risk - Bell Clapper Deformity (tunica vaginalis isterts high on the spermatic cord) - horizontal lie spermatic cor
What should be done after CDAB's
EMTALA
UTI
Testicular Torsion
14. STEMI - due to complete arterial occlusion NSTEMI - ARTERY NOT completely blocked or have collateral vessels
Types of Infectious diarrhea Campylobacter
Endocarditis
STEMI vs Nstemi
SBO
15. All cardiac arrest patients get 100% O2 - Room air= 21% - Nasal cannula O2 - raises FiO2 by 2-3% per liter. Normally give 1-6 Liters/minute - Non-rebreather mask --> you are receiving 100% O2
Define Biliary colic
Supplemental O2
Acute Mesenteric Ishemia
Endocarditis
16. Often a complicaiton of a patient with ACS (often s/p AMI) - HR > 100 BPM - Dx: Look for P waves to see a fib vs a flutter - Tx: Adenosine to slow heart for diagnostic purposes - always check TSH - classifications: narrow complex vs wide complex - re
Types of Infectious diarrhea Protozo -Giardia (dirty water sources)
Tachycardia
Gonorrhea
Where to check pulses
17. Stable - NOT ruptured - vitals stable - no drop in H/H - no pain or tenderness Tx - with Methotrexate per OB GYN - inhibits folate so cells stop multiplying (used in RA and cancers) Don't use Methotrexate if fetal HR identified - Unstable - RUPTURED
Types of Infectious diarrhea Shigella
Supplemental O2
Causes of 3rd trimester bleeding
Stable vs. Unstable Ectopic Pregnancy
18. Accounts for 20% o all 3rd trimester bleeding - Placenta overlaps with the cervix near the os (complete - partial - vaginal -low lying) - S/s: bright red vaginal bleeding - painless - NO NOT PERFORM VAGINAL DIGITAL EXAM - risk factors: prior c sect
Tx of Unstable Angina
Placenta Previa
How to monitor CDAB
Urosepsis
19. Given to any woman that is Rh Negative who is HCG positive and has any vaginal bleeding during pregnancy - to Rh Negative patients (prevent formation of anti Rh antibodies - against baby)
When is Rho GAM used
Acute Coronary syndrome
Contraindications for thrombolytics
Early miscarriage (20 weeks)
20. Left coronary artery (short and branches quickly)
SBO
Dx of Aortic dissection
LCA
EKG changes
21. Charcot's Triad - Fever - Jaundice - RUQ pain - bacteria enters the biliary tract thru Sphincter of Oddi - Increase risk after sphincterotomy - cholecochal surgery or biliary stent Dx: with ERCP - endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
Volvulus
Ascending Cholangitis
Types of Infectious diarrhea Campylobacter
Defibrillation
22. No bleeding - no fetal cardiac activity - uterus small - os closed - retained fetal tissue - Tx: D and C - Can have sepsis due to retained tissue/ fetus. Treat with IV abx (ampicillin and gentamycin) - Can give Misoprostol and cytotec (to dilate cerv
Ectopic Pregnancy
Volvulus
Missed Abortion
ED treatment of a Miscarriage
23. Def: Defect in the intimal layer of the aorta allows for blood to enter space between vascular layers - Risk actors: age - HTN - Connective tissue dz (marphans) - bicuspid aortic valve - coarctation of the aorta - inflam dz of aorta - atherosclerosi
Chlamydia
Contraindications for thrombolytics
Aortic Dissection definition - risks and S/S
Incomplete abortion
24. On ANY FEMALE WITH ABDOMINAL PAIN- including bimanual vagino-rectal exam
Symptoms of Ruptured ovarian cysts
When to do a pelvic exam
Volvulus
How to monitor CDAB
25. Reassess circulation: compression - check cardiac rhythm - pulse - give meds to help Bp or rhythm prn - Monitor Oxygen and IV - DDx -goalis to find and treat reversible causes
CHF
Miscarriage
How to monitor CDAB
Cardiac Tamponade
26. FLACC Face - legs - activity - cry - consolability (0 - 1 - 2)
Incidence of AMI
Pain scale for infants
Lateral Leads
What should be done after CDAB's
27. Common complication after an AMI - S/S: edema - elevated JVP - hepatojugular reflux - pulm rales - rhochi - decrease BS - +/- cardiac murmurs - low O2 sat - elevated BNP
LBO - Large bowel obstruction
CHF
When is Rho GAM used
Advanced airway techniques
28. Coffee bean signs on KUB for sigmoid volvulus - can also have cecal volvulus - 10% of LBO are sigmoid volvulus
Pancreatitis work up
Volvulus
Symptoms of Ruptured ovarian cysts
LBO - Large bowel obstruction
29. Inflammation of the pericardial sac with or without effusion - S/S: sharp - pleuritic chest pain that's worse when laying down - pericardial friction rub on exam - ST elevations in ALL leads!!! - depressed PR intervals
Advanced airway techniques
Urosepsis
SBO
Pericarditis
30. Categorize based on severity: 1 to 5 1 - most severe: cyanotic/not breathing - unreseponsive or not talking 2 - MI (life threatening but talking) 3- appendicitis/ abdomino pelvic pain 4- ankle swelling - broken leg 5- suture removal Things you ca
Types of Infectious diarrhea Protozo -Giardia (dirty water sources)
Acute Arterial occlusion - to lower extremities
Define Acute Cholecystitis
Emergency Severity Index
31. Explosive - frothy and foul smellng diarrhea - Entamoeba hystlytica - crypto - isospora (HIV)
Testicular Torsion
Defibrillation
Types of Infectious diarrhea Protozo -Giardia (dirty water sources)
Acute Mesenteric Ishemia
32. Renal colic - due to passing of a stone thru the ureter (don't cause pain in the kidney - asymptomatic) - pain due to ureteral spasm and obstruction of urine M: F - 3: 1 prevalence - Stones smaller than 5 mm have 90% chance of passing alone
Incomplete abortion
Testicular Torsion
Kidney Stones
Define Acute Cholecystitis
33. Chinese food bug - Fever - abdo pain - blood diarrhea - lasts x 1 week.Get from dirty wateror poultry - may cause/trigger Guillan Barre
Types of Infectious diarrhea Campylobacter
ED workup of kidney stones
Ovarian Cysts
GIB work up
34. Look for ST elevation in at least 2 contiguous lead (at least 1mm) - may see a new LBBB - Reciprocal changes - T wave inversion (end of the infarct or old) - Q waves (old infarct)
EKG changes
Types of Infectious diarrhea - Salmonella
Syphillis
Incomplete abortion
35. Troponin T or I - mores specific for heart. Tropoinin I stays elevated for 7-10 days - Troponin T stays elevated for 10-14 days - CK - MB: - peaks 20 hours after AMI (specific to cardiac muscle) - CPK - measures muscle breakdown so nonspecific
Types of Infectious diarrhea - Salmonella
Stable vs unstable angina`
Cardiac Enzymes
Chlamydia
36. Common STI- S/S: skin pustules - fever - monarticular septic arthritis. - may be asymptomatic in females - or cervicitis - PID Males: epididimytis - urethritis - prostatitis Dx: cervical or urethral culture swab Tx: Ceftriaxone IM x 1or Cefixime 4
Incidence of AMI
RCA
Gonorrhea
What should be done after CDAB's
37. IVF with crystalloids - RhoGAM for Rh Negative - Abx if sepsis or suspect retained POC - D and C if retained POC's - F/you with OB GYN in 48 hours - monitor HCG is trending down - Return for worsening sxs
Acute Coronary syndrome
Common risk factors for LGIB
Breathing
ED treatment of a Miscarriage
38. Infection of endocardium and/or heart valves due to Strep bacteria (viridans or aureus) and HACEK species - Risk factors: IVDU - structural heart abomality - prosthetic valve - rheumatic heart dz - HIV Tx: IV antibioticx x 4 weeks
RCA
Miscarriage
Endocarditis
Incidence of AMI
39. Prolonged/ more severe angina that doens't resolve with rest - 50% triggered by event: stress - exercise - surgery - illness - More common in early am - substernal pain elephant in chest - crushing - heavy +/- radiation to left arm - jaw - neck - may
Advanced airway techniques
When are Beta Blockers contraindicated
Symptoms of Ruptured ovarian cysts
Incidence of AMI
40. Causes: Alcohol - gallstones - high triglycerides - hypercalcemia - drugs - mumps - trauma Tx: CBC - chem 7 - LFT's - amylase - lipase - EKG Ultrasound CT scan IVF - IVF - IVF!!! NPO Pain control - anti emetics
The vital signs
Endocarditis
Pancreatitis work up
Types of Infectious diarrhea - Salmonella
41. LMA: Laryngeal Mask Airway - Cricothyroidotomy -surgical airway done as last resort when unable to maintain oxygenation with other methods
Types of GI bleeds
Lateral Leads
EMTALA
Advanced airway techniques
42. Rectal exam for EVERYONE with belly pain - EKG (don't want to r/o MI) - Labs: CBC - chem 7 - PTT - blood type and screen/cross (in case need blood transfusion) - H Pylori: Rapid urease test or IgG / IgM - Endoscopy for UGIB (can be done in ED) - Colo
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Incomplete abortion
Pericarditis
GIB work up
43. Shock to electrically terminate abnormal heart rate and restart. - The earlier a fibrillating heart is defibrillated - the more successful (survival drops by 10% with each minute)
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Defibrillation
Types of Infectious diarrhea Campylobacter
Initial steps in stabilizing a patient
44. Leads I - aVL - V4-V6 - Left circumflex artery
Types of GI bleeds
ED Tx of GIB
Lateral Leads
Placenta Previa
45. Spontaneous abortion - Never CALL IT ABORTION IN FRONT OF PATIENT
Other major arteries
ED workup of kidney stones
RCA
Miscarriage
46. For any chest pain due to COCAINE USE!!! (because cocaine makes the arteries spasm)
When are Beta Blockers contraindicated
Defibrillation
Kidney Stones
Genital Herpes
47. Pay attention to resp rate - breathing pattern (normal vs. agonic breaths) - O2 sats - goal is > 94% - Chest rise/tidal volume - Waveform Capnography: measures CO2 input and output. Best measure for assessing ventilation - Bag-valve-mask helps patie
Early miscarriage (20 weeks)
Breathing
Placental Abruption
Tx of CHF
48. life threatening pericardial effusion -S/S: muffled heart sounds - JVD - hypotension - pulsus paradoxus - Water bottle heart on CXR - ellarged heart Tx: peicardiocentesis
Bradycardia
Cardiac Tamponade
Types of Infectious diarrhea Protozo -Giardia (dirty water sources)
Triage
49. Abd pain: varies - achy - burning - Melena: dark - tarry stool (UGIB) - Hematemesis - vomiting blood - Hematochezia - BRBPR - Hypotension - tachycardia - Pallor - Guaiac + rectal exam
Types of Infectious diarrhea Campylobacter
Common Presentation of GIB
Types of GI bleeds
Types of Infectious diarrhea Yersinia
50. Obstruction of appendiceal lumen (fecalith) - leads to edema - ischemia - infection - necrosis - ? perf and peritonitis - +Rosvig's sign (push and feel on opposite side)
Supplemental O2
GIB work up
Appendicitis
Types of Infectious diarrhea Protozo -Giardia (dirty water sources)