SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Emergency Medicine
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
emergency-medicine
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Infection/bacterial overgrowth of particles in divertricula - risk factors: old age - low fiber diet - chronic constipation - - Mostly occurs in sigmoid colon - Dx: CBC - chem 7 - LFT's - Lipase/Amylase - UA - HCG - Abd CT scan - Can do KUb if suspe
Divertriculitis
Types of GI bleeds
Incarcerated vs strangulated hernias
ED workup of kidney stones
2. HR/pulse: 60-100 - Bp: 120/80 - Resp rate: 16-20 - Temp 97-99 - O2 sat > 94% - Pain!!! - 6th vital sign
ED work up for cholecystitis
Types of Infectious diarrhea - Salmonella
The vital signs
Causes of 3rd trimester bleeding
3. FLACC Face - legs - activity - cry - consolability (0 - 1 - 2)
Tachycardia
Common risk factors for UGIB
Pain scale for infants
Causes of 3rd trimester bleeding
4. Explosive - frothy and foul smellng diarrhea - Entamoeba hystlytica - crypto - isospora (HIV)
Placenta Previa
Types of Infectious diarrhea Protozo -Giardia (dirty water sources)
What should be done after CDAB's
Cardiac Tamponade
5. Renal colic - due to passing of a stone thru the ureter (don't cause pain in the kidney - asymptomatic) - pain due to ureteral spasm and obstruction of urine M: F - 3: 1 prevalence - Stones smaller than 5 mm have 90% chance of passing alone
Incarcerated vs strangulated hernias
EMTALA
Kidney Stones
CHF
6. Chronic anticoagulation - Coumadin - Pradaxa/Dabigatran (no meds to reverse it) - Lovenox - ESLD / alcoholism (lack clotting factors) - NSAIDS (increase risk PUD and blood thinning) - Smoking
Common risk factors for UGIB
Symptoms of Ruptured ovarian cysts
Kidney Stones
The vital signs
7. Elevated Bp with signs of end organ damage to brain - eyes - heart or kidney. - Organ damage risk increases when diastolic Bp > 115-130 - HTN urgency if see high Bp but no signs of organ damage yet - Get a head CT ASAP!! Symptoms: Head: HA - confusio
Posterior
Hypertensive Emergency
Dx of Aortic dissection
Breathing
8. Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act - hospitals are obligated to screen/treat a patient in the ER regardless of insurance - if a emergency medical condition exists - they must stabilize the patient before transferring or d/c the patient
Lateral Leads
Triage
EMTALA
Bradycardia
9. Leads I - aVL - V4-V6 - Left circumflex artery
Types of Infectious diarrhea Shigella
Lateral Leads
Testicular Torsion
Ovarian Cysts
10. Active internal bleeding - hx hemorrhagic stroke/TIA in the past year - Intracranial tumor - AV malformation or aneurysm - suspected aortic dissection or tamponade - Severe bleeding disorder - Head trauma - Intracranial procedure
Contraindications for thrombolytics
Types of GI bleeds
Symptoms of Ruptured ovarian cysts
Acute Coronary syndrome
11. Sigmoid - volvulus: High risk patients: chronic constipation - elderly and debilitated patients - Dx: plain film - Tx: decompress with rectal tube - Cecal volvulus - see congenital hypermobile cecum. also dx with plain films
Defibrillation
CHF
Volvulus
Pain scale for infants
12. Abnormal dilatation of the arterial wall - most common in abdominal area below renal arteries - risk factors; atherosclerosis - age - HTN - smoking - connective tissue dz - fam hx - hyperlipidemia - DM - S/S : often ASYMPTOMATIC - dull abd or back pa
Miscarriage
Acute Mesenteric Ishemia
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
LCA
13. Due to chromosomal abnormalities - check Rubella a) Threatened abortion if - 1st trimester vag bleed - < 20 weeks GA - os closed - membranes intact - some cramping. Tx - pelvic rest - bed rest - close OB GYN f/you b) Inevitable abortion - if < 20 wee
Define Acute Cholecystitis
ED workup of kidney stones
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Early miscarriage (20 weeks)
14. U GIB - ** DARK STOOLS - above the ligament of Treitz: Esophageal varices - Dieulafoy lesion - PUD - Mallory Weiss Tear - LGIB: ** BRight red blood - below lig of Treitz AVM (Atrio-venous malformation) -Divertriculitis - Meckel's divertriculum - colo
Types of GI bleeds
Cardiac Enzymes
Inferior leads
EMTALA
15. Gram negative - contaminated salads (mayo) - dairy - mean. Severe Dysentery (bloody diarrhea)'
Types of Infectious diarrhea Shigella
When to do a pelvic exam
LCA
Ectopic Pregnancy
16. Incarcerated - means cannot reduce - Strangulated - bowel edema is compromosing blood flow
Chlamydia
GIB work up
Incarcerated vs strangulated hernias
Early miscarriage (20 weeks)
17. Especially O157: H7 causes enterohemorrhagic diarrhea. Inundercooked beef - complicated by hemolytic uremic syndrome and TTP
Causes of 3rd trimester bleeding
Aortic Dissection definition - risks and S/S
Types of Infectious diarrhea E coli
When is Rho GAM used
18. BRADYCARDIA - due to depressed SA node act or delayed conduction - excessive beta blockers - HR < 50 BPM - Tx: Atropine - Pacing ready / defibrillator prn - treat underlying cause (electrolyte imbalance - drugs - hypothermia)
ED work up for cholecystitis
Pain scale for infants
Bradycardia
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
19. Placenta previa - vaginal/cervical trauma - polyps - genital infections - hemorrhoids - onset of labor (no fetal distress) - placental abruption (have fetal distress)
When to do a pelvic exam
Initial steps in stabilizing a patient
Causes of 3rd trimester bleeding
Pericarditis
20. Categorize based on severity: 1 to 5 1 - most severe: cyanotic/not breathing - unreseponsive or not talking 2 - MI (life threatening but talking) 3- appendicitis/ abdomino pelvic pain 4- ankle swelling - broken leg 5- suture removal Things you ca
Common Presentation of GIB
Contraindications for thrombolytics
SBO
Emergency Severity Index
21. HEAD TILT-CHIN LIFT: assess if airway is obstructed vs. open - look for foreign body - vomit - blood. - JAW THRUST - if C-spine injury suspected - 30 compressions for every 2 breaths - Give one breath every 5-6 sections (don't over-ventilate the pat
Acute Arterial occlusion - to lower extremities
Emergency Severity Index
Appendicitis work up
How to assess Airway
22. IVF w crystalloid CBC - chem 7 - LFT's - lipase - UA - urine cx - HCG - Abdominal/pelvis CT with NO CONTRAST (if suspect a stone) - Ultrasound is an alternative - will show hydronephrosis - Pain control - Dilaudid 1 mg IV - Toradol 30 mg IV (caution
Pericarditis
When to do a pelvic exam
ED workup of kidney stones
Early miscarriage (20 weeks)
23. Inflammation of the pericardial sac with or without effusion - S/S: sharp - pleuritic chest pain that's worse when laying down - pericardial friction rub on exam - ST elevations in ALL leads!!! - depressed PR intervals
Supplemental O2
Acute Mesenteric Ishemia
Pericarditis
Appendicitis work up
24. Look for ST elevation in at least 2 contiguous lead (at least 1mm) - may see a new LBBB - Reciprocal changes - T wave inversion (end of the infarct or old) - Q waves (old infarct)
Divertriculitis
Tachycardia
EKG changes
Types of Infectious diarrhea Shigella
25. RUQ/epigastric pain - lasts 30 min to 6 hours - once gallbladder contracts and it relieves the obstruction - pain resolves - NO Fever
Define Biliary colic
STEMI vs Nstemi
Pericarditis
Cardiac Enzymes
26. Directly invades the intestine - s/s abd pain - watery or bloody diarrhea - vomiting
Bradycardia
Endocarditis
EMTALA
Types of Infectious diarrhea Yersinia
27. Abd pain: varies - achy - burning - Melena: dark - tarry stool (UGIB) - Hematemesis - vomiting blood - Hematochezia - BRBPR - Hypotension - tachycardia - Pallor - Guaiac + rectal exam
Common Presentation of GIB
Hypertensive Emergency
When are Beta Blockers contraindicated
Divertriculitis
28. Causes: Alcohol - gallstones - high triglycerides - hypercalcemia - drugs - mumps - trauma Tx: CBC - chem 7 - LFT's - amylase - lipase - EKG Ultrasound CT scan IVF - IVF - IVF!!! NPO Pain control - anti emetics
Hypertensive Emergency
Bradycardia
Pancreatitis work up
RCA
29. 'trier' - to separate - sift or select based on priority of condition
Ovarian Torsion
Triage
Where to check pulses
GIB work up
30. Due to HSV-1 S/S: painful vesicles after 1-2 weeks of exposure - HA - fever - dysuria - myalgias. First outbreak lasts 2-3 weeks - likely to recur DxL PCR from vesicular fluid Tx: Acyclovir 400 mg po TID x 2 weeks or Valacyclovir x 10 days. Most pat
Contraindications for thrombolytics
ED work up for cholecystitis
RCA
Genital Herpes
31. Chinese food bug - Fever - abdo pain - blood diarrhea - lasts x 1 week.Get from dirty wateror poultry - may cause/trigger Guillan Barre
Incidence of AMI
Types of Infectious diarrhea Campylobacter
Types of Infectious diarrhea Protozo -Giardia (dirty water sources)
Incomplete abortion
32. CDAB - Circulation (rapid CPR to reestablish circulation) - Defibrillaiton - Airway - Breathing - the main goal is to restore effective oxygenation -ventilation and circulation until return of spontaneous circulation or ACLS
Posterior
Initial steps in stabilizing a patient
Ranson's criteria
What is a large bore IV?
33. O2 and monitor sats - 2 large bore IV's (min 18G) - w/ Normal saline orLR -Blood transfusion prn - give PRBC - 1 unit of PRBC raises Hcrt 3 points - goal is HCRT > 30 - Hold coumadin if INR 5 or less OR reverse with Vit K or Free Frozen plasma if INR
Gonorrhea
ED Tx of GIB
SBO
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
34. Check Vital Signs
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
35. Obstruction of appendiceal lumen (fecalith) - leads to edema - ischemia - infection - necrosis - ? perf and peritonitis - +Rosvig's sign (push and feel on opposite side)
Miscarriage
Common risk factors for UGIB
Incidence of AMI
Appendicitis
36. Right Coronary artery - SA node branch (anterior) - Acute marginal artery (anterior) - AV node branch (posterior) - Posterior descending artery (posterior)
Genital Herpes
RCA
ED treatment of a Miscarriage
ED work up for cholecystitis
37. MONA - morphine - oxygen - nitroglycerin (sublingual or IV) -Aspirin 325 mg (consider Integrilin in high risk patients) - Beta Blocker (metoprolol) - decrease streght of heart contractility within first hour - Cardiology cx --> PCI vs surgery prn? -
Pain scale for infants
Hypertensive Emergency
Tx of Unstable Angina
EMTALA
38. Troponin T or I - mores specific for heart. Tropoinin I stays elevated for 7-10 days - Troponin T stays elevated for 10-14 days - CK - MB: - peaks 20 hours after AMI (specific to cardiac muscle) - CPK - measures muscle breakdown so nonspecific
Genital Herpes
CHF
Miscarriage
Cardiac Enzymes
39. Accounts for 20% o all 3rd trimester bleeding - Placenta overlaps with the cervix near the os (complete - partial - vaginal -low lying) - S/s: bright red vaginal bleeding - painless - NO NOT PERFORM VAGINAL DIGITAL EXAM - risk factors: prior c sect
Placenta Previa
Other major arteries
Kidney Stones
Missed Abortion
40. Often a complicaiton of a patient with ACS (often s/p AMI) - HR > 100 BPM - Dx: Look for P waves to see a fib vs a flutter - Tx: Adenosine to slow heart for diagnostic purposes - always check TSH - classifications: narrow complex vs wide complex - re
Endocarditis
ED Tx of GIB
Tachycardia
ED workup of kidney stones
41. CXR - may see cardiomegaly - consolidation or effusions - Echo - look at wall motion - anuersysm - pericardial effusion - LV thrombus - Stress EcHO - CT Angiogram for Pulmonary Embolism!!!! (need good kidneys for dye) - can also do a spiral CT
Incomplete abortion
Additional cardiac Tests
Appendicitis
ED Tx of GIB
42. life threatening pericardial effusion -S/S: muffled heart sounds - JVD - hypotension - pulsus paradoxus - Water bottle heart on CXR - ellarged heart Tx: peicardiocentesis
Types of Infectious diarrhea Protozo -Giardia (dirty water sources)
Advanced airway techniques
Acute Arterial occlusion - to lower extremities
Cardiac Tamponade
43. Rare STI - increaseing now - due to AIDs - S/S - rash or chancre - serologic testing of blood or CSF - TxL Benzathine penicillin or Doxy x 2 weeks
Types of Infectious diarrhea Protozo -Giardia (dirty water sources)
Missed Abortion
Posterior
Syphillis
44. Fluid filled sacs within the ovary - Common in infancy and teens - Causes: ovarian stimulation (in vitro fertilization) - hypothyroid - prego - PCOS
Common Presentation of GIB
Ovarian Cysts
Placental Abruption
Pancreatitis work up
45. Infection of endocardium and/or heart valves due to Strep bacteria (viridans or aureus) and HACEK species - Risk factors: IVDU - structural heart abomality - prosthetic valve - rheumatic heart dz - HIV Tx: IV antibioticx x 4 weeks
Divertriculitis
Endocarditis
Acute Coronary syndrome
How to assess Airway
46. No bleeding - no fetal cardiac activity - uterus small - os closed - retained fetal tissue - Tx: D and C - Can have sepsis due to retained tissue/ fetus. Treat with IV abx (ampicillin and gentamycin) - Can give Misoprostol and cytotec (to dilate cerv
Missed Abortion
Testicular Torsion
Appendicitis
EKG changes
47. Bp diffrence between R and L arms: > 20 difference in systolic or > 15 mm Hg difference in diastolic - Aortography - gold standard - CT scan with contrast - EKG - CXR - widended mediastinum - obliteraiton of aortic knowb - tracheal deviation - L hemo
ED work up for cholecystitis
Additional cardiac Tests
Dx of Aortic dissection
When is Rho GAM used
48. LAD - Left Anterior Descending Artery (anterior) - Diagonal branch of LAD (anterior) - Left Circumflex artery (posterior) - Obtuse Marginal Artery
What is a large bore IV?
Other major arteries
Tx of CHF
Hypertensive Emergency
49. Ovary torsion causes venous and arterial obstruction leading to ischemia and obstruction - At risk: long fallopian tubes - pregnancy - enlarged ovaries - ovarian tumors - tubal surgery - large ovarian cysts **anything that enlarges the ovary! - S/S:
Types of GI bleeds
Early miscarriage (20 weeks)
Ovarian Torsion
Placental Abruption
50. At presentation: Age > 55 - WBC > 16 K - Glucose > 200 - LDH > 350 - AST > 250 At 48 hours - fall in HCT > 10 - increase in BUN > 5 - Ca < 8 - PaO2 < 60 - fluid deficit > 6 L
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183