SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Emergency Medicine
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
emergency-medicine
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Spontaneous abortion - Never CALL IT ABORTION IN FRONT OF PATIENT
ED work up for cholecystitis
Other major arteries
Triage
Miscarriage
2. Sepsis due to urologic infection - common in elderly - 2 large bore IV - crystalloid IVF - Blood cultures - IV antibiotics - hosptial admission
Urosepsis
Syphillis
Placenta Previa
Other major arteries
3. Chronic anticoagulation - Coumadin - Pradaxa/Dabigatran (no meds to reverse it) - Lovenox - ESLD / alcoholism (lack clotting factors) - NSAIDS (increase risk PUD and blood thinning) - Smoking
ED workup of kidney stones
Common risk factors for UGIB
Ranson's criteria
Aortic Dissection definition - risks and S/S
4. O2 and monitor sats - 2 large bore IV's (min 18G) - w/ Normal saline orLR -Blood transfusion prn - give PRBC - 1 unit of PRBC raises Hcrt 3 points - goal is HCRT > 30 - Hold coumadin if INR 5 or less OR reverse with Vit K or Free Frozen plasma if INR
Gonorrhea
Volvulus
ED Tx of GIB
Testicular Torsion
5. Especially O157: H7 causes enterohemorrhagic diarrhea. Inundercooked beef - complicated by hemolytic uremic syndrome and TTP
Advanced airway techniques
Other major arteries
Genital Herpes
Types of Infectious diarrhea E coli
6. Bilateral carotid and femoral pulses = most reliable - No pulse - start CPR immediately (2 minutes fast and hard and then swhich out)- Never stop doing CPR until pulse is present (CPR while defibrillator is charging - stop for electric discharge - an
Incidence of AMI
Where to check pulses
Common risk factors for LGIB
Advanced airway techniques
7. Abnormal dilatation of the arterial wall - most common in abdominal area below renal arteries - risk factors; atherosclerosis - age - HTN - smoking - connective tissue dz - fam hx - hyperlipidemia - DM - S/S : often ASYMPTOMATIC - dull abd or back pa
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Common risk factors for LGIB
Initial steps in stabilizing a patient
How to assess Airway
8. Cysts rupture and cause pelvic bleeding --> peritonitis --> hypotension --> shock S/S: unilateral sharp - lower abd pain - work up: IVF w. crystalloids - - O2 prn - CBC - chem 7 - HCG - UA - ABO/Rh - PT/PTT - Pelvic ultrasound with color doppler fl
ED treatment for Ectopic Pregnancy
Testicular Torsion
Anteroseptal leads and Anterior
Symptoms of Ruptured ovarian cysts
9. Main cause - hernias and adhesions. Other causes: CA - IBD - bezoar - gallstones - intussusception - Ascaris worm if travel - - Diagnostic Tests = KUB --> look or air/ fluid - levels and dilated loops of bowel - also CT scan Labs: CBC - chem 7 - LF
Early miscarriage (20 weeks)
What is a large bore IV?
Aortic Dissection definition - risks and S/S
SBO
10. Fluid filled sacs within the ovary - Common in infancy and teens - Causes: ovarian stimulation (in vitro fertilization) - hypothyroid - prego - PCOS
Pain scale for infants
Kidney Stones
LCA
Ovarian Cysts
11. Placenta previa - vaginal/cervical trauma - polyps - genital infections - hemorrhoids - onset of labor (no fetal distress) - placental abruption (have fetal distress)
Tx of Unstable Angina
Posterior
ED treatment of a Miscarriage
Causes of 3rd trimester bleeding
12. Often a complicaiton of a patient with ACS (often s/p AMI) - HR > 100 BPM - Dx: Look for P waves to see a fib vs a flutter - Tx: Adenosine to slow heart for diagnostic purposes - always check TSH - classifications: narrow complex vs wide complex - re
ED workup of kidney stones
Tachycardia
Hypertensive Emergency
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
13. For any chest pain due to COCAINE USE!!! (because cocaine makes the arteries spasm)
Gonorrhea
When are Beta Blockers contraindicated
Kidney Stones
Pericarditis
14. Look for ST elevation in at least 2 contiguous lead (at least 1mm) - may see a new LBBB - Reciprocal changes - T wave inversion (end of the infarct or old) - Q waves (old infarct)
Breathing
EKG changes
STEMI vs Nstemi
Other major arteries
15. IVF with crystalloids - RhoGAM for Rh Negative - Abx if sepsis or suspect retained POC - D and C if retained POC's - F/you with OB GYN in 48 hours - monitor HCG is trending down - Return for worsening sxs
ED treatment of a Miscarriage
Kidney Stones
Inferior leads
GIB work up
16. Explosive - frothy and foul smellng diarrhea - Entamoeba hystlytica - crypto - isospora (HIV)
Types of Infectious diarrhea Protozo -Giardia (dirty water sources)
Acute Coronary syndrome
ED work up for cholecystitis
LCA
17. Old age - chronic anticoagulation - divertriculosis
Pancreatitis work up
Common risk factors for LGIB
Early miscarriage (20 weeks)
Contraindications for thrombolytics
18. II - III - aVF - Means RCA involved
Inferior leads
Placental Abruption
Types of Infectious diarrhea Yersinia
EKG changes
19. Risk Factors: PID - Mirena IUD - tubal surgery - pelvic surgery - endometriosis - IVF -DES exposure S/S - R or L adnexal tenderness - R shoulder pain could be referred pain from intraabdominal hemorrhage (gallbladder - liver also) - Workup -CBC - C
Miscarriage
Acute Mesenteric Ishemia
Ascending Cholangitis
Ectopic Pregnancy
20. Ovary torsion causes venous and arterial obstruction leading to ischemia and obstruction - At risk: long fallopian tubes - pregnancy - enlarged ovaries - ovarian tumors - tubal surgery - large ovarian cysts **anything that enlarges the ovary! - S/S:
Placental Abruption
Ovarian Torsion
When is Rho GAM used
Common risk factors for LGIB
21. 16-18 Gauge
What is a large bore IV?
Placental Abruption
Initial steps in stabilizing a patient
Types of Infectious diarrhea Protozo -Giardia (dirty water sources)
22. Charcot's Triad - Fever - Jaundice - RUQ pain - bacteria enters the biliary tract thru Sphincter of Oddi - Increase risk after sphincterotomy - cholecochal surgery or biliary stent Dx: with ERCP - endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
EKG changes
Stable vs unstable angina`
Ascending Cholangitis
ED Tx of GIB
23. Pay attention to resp rate - breathing pattern (normal vs. agonic breaths) - O2 sats - goal is > 94% - Chest rise/tidal volume - Waveform Capnography: measures CO2 input and output. Best measure for assessing ventilation - Bag-valve-mask helps patie
Posterior
Breathing
LCA
Cardiac Tamponade
24. Renal colic - due to passing of a stone thru the ureter (don't cause pain in the kidney - asymptomatic) - pain due to ureteral spasm and obstruction of urine M: F - 3: 1 prevalence - Stones smaller than 5 mm have 90% chance of passing alone
Supplemental O2
Placental Abruption
Other major arteries
Kidney Stones
25. LAD - Left Anterior Descending Artery (anterior) - Diagonal branch of LAD (anterior) - Left Circumflex artery (posterior) - Obtuse Marginal Artery
EMTALA
Viral Gastroenteritis
Other major arteries
Inferior leads
26. Categorize based on severity: 1 to 5 1 - most severe: cyanotic/not breathing - unreseponsive or not talking 2 - MI (life threatening but talking) 3- appendicitis/ abdomino pelvic pain 4- ankle swelling - broken leg 5- suture removal Things you ca
Pain scale for infants
Inferior leads
Define Acute Cholecystitis
Emergency Severity Index
27. School/work outbreak - Common viruses: rotavirus - norwalk - adenovirus - astrovirus - last 24 to 48 hours - ALWAYS DX as VOMITING AND DIARRHEA - never use the term viral gastroenteritis (CYA medicine) Tx: CBC - chem 7 - LFT's - lIpase - UA - general
Other major arteries
Viral Gastroenteritis
When are Beta Blockers contraindicated
ED treatment of a Miscarriage
28. Common complication after an AMI - S/S: edema - elevated JVP - hepatojugular reflux - pulm rales - rhochi - decrease BS - +/- cardiac murmurs - low O2 sat - elevated BNP
CHF
Inferior leads
Tx of CHF
The vital signs
29. Testis twists on a spermatic cord - restore blood flow in 6 hours or may have infertility - common at puberty and in 1 year olds - High risk - Bell Clapper Deformity (tunica vaginalis isterts high on the spermatic cord) - horizontal lie spermatic cor
How to assess Airway
Tx of Unstable Angina
SBO
Testicular Torsion
30. Sigmoid - volvulus: High risk patients: chronic constipation - elderly and debilitated patients - Dx: plain film - Tx: decompress with rectal tube - Cecal volvulus - see congenital hypermobile cecum. also dx with plain films
Volvulus
Tx of Unstable Angina
Initial steps in stabilizing a patient
Divertriculitis
31. Infection/bacterial overgrowth of particles in divertricula - risk factors: old age - low fiber diet - chronic constipation - - Mostly occurs in sigmoid colon - Dx: CBC - chem 7 - LFT's - Lipase/Amylase - UA - HCG - Abd CT scan - Can do KUb if suspe
LCA
Divertriculitis
Pancreatitis work up
EKG changes
32. Due to chromosomal abnormalities - check Rubella a) Threatened abortion if - 1st trimester vag bleed - < 20 weeks GA - os closed - membranes intact - some cramping. Tx - pelvic rest - bed rest - close OB GYN f/you b) Inevitable abortion - if < 20 wee
What to do with weak/thready pulses
Incidence of AMI
Types of Infectious diarrhea Yersinia
Early miscarriage (20 weeks)
33. CDAB - Circulation (rapid CPR to reestablish circulation) - Defibrillaiton - Airway - Breathing - the main goal is to restore effective oxygenation -ventilation and circulation until return of spontaneous circulation or ACLS
Initial steps in stabilizing a patient
Breathing
ED treatment of a Miscarriage
Volvulus
34. Most due to E coli - Lower UTI - bladder and /or urethra - Upper UTI: bladder - urethra and kidneys (so ureters to) S/S: dysuria - urgency and frequency - may be asymptomatic in prego - elderly and immunosuppressed - may see confusion or AMS Tx: Uri
When is Rho GAM used
Lateral Leads
UTI
EKG changes
35. Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act - hospitals are obligated to screen/treat a patient in the ER regardless of insurance - if a emergency medical condition exists - they must stabilize the patient before transferring or d/c the patient
What to do with weak/thready pulses
EMTALA
Ectopic Pregnancy
ED treatment for Ectopic Pregnancy
36. Accounts for 20% o all 3rd trimester bleeding - Placenta overlaps with the cervix near the os (complete - partial - vaginal -low lying) - S/s: bright red vaginal bleeding - painless - NO NOT PERFORM VAGINAL DIGITAL EXAM - risk factors: prior c sect
Placenta Previa
Cardiac Enzymes
Types of Infectious diarrhea E coli
Viral Gastroenteritis
37. CXR - may see cardiomegaly - consolidation or effusions - Echo - look at wall motion - anuersysm - pericardial effusion - LV thrombus - Stress EcHO - CT Angiogram for Pulmonary Embolism!!!! (need good kidneys for dye) - can also do a spiral CT
DUKE criteria for endocarditis
EKG changes
Additional cardiac Tests
ED workup of kidney stones
38. U GIB - ** DARK STOOLS - above the ligament of Treitz: Esophageal varices - Dieulafoy lesion - PUD - Mallory Weiss Tear - LGIB: ** BRight red blood - below lig of Treitz AVM (Atrio-venous malformation) -Divertriculitis - Meckel's divertriculum - colo
Ovarian Torsion
Types of GI bleeds
Define Biliary colic
Ascending Cholangitis
39. life threatening pericardial effusion -S/S: muffled heart sounds - JVD - hypotension - pulsus paradoxus - Water bottle heart on CXR - ellarged heart Tx: peicardiocentesis
Cardiac Tamponade
CHF
Appendicitis work up
Incidence of AMI
40. At presentation: Age > 55 - WBC > 16 K - Glucose > 200 - LDH > 350 - AST > 250 At 48 hours - fall in HCT > 10 - increase in BUN > 5 - Ca < 8 - PaO2 < 60 - fluid deficit > 6 L
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
41. Coffee bean signs on KUB for sigmoid volvulus - can also have cecal volvulus - 10% of LBO are sigmoid volvulus
STEMI vs Nstemi
Acute Coronary syndrome
Ascending Cholangitis
LBO - Large bowel obstruction
42. RUQ/epigastric pain - lasts 30 min to 6 hours - once gallbladder contracts and it relieves the obstruction - pain resolves - NO Fever
Types of Infectious diarrhea Shigella
Anteroseptal leads and Anterior
What is a large bore IV?
Define Biliary colic
43. Gram negative - contaminated salads (mayo) - dairy - mean. Severe Dysentery (bloody diarrhea)'
Cardiac Enzymes
Types of Infectious diarrhea Shigella
SBO
Ectopic Pregnancy
44. HEAD TILT-CHIN LIFT: assess if airway is obstructed vs. open - look for foreign body - vomit - blood. - JAW THRUST - if C-spine injury suspected - 30 compressions for every 2 breaths - Give one breath every 5-6 sections (don't over-ventilate the pat
EKG changes
Testicular Torsion
UTI
How to assess Airway
45. Gram negative - bad eggs - dairy - poultry. - S/S: bloody diarrhea - fever - abd pain - Resolves in 10-14 days.
Types of Infectious diarrhea - Salmonella
Other major arteries
When are Beta Blockers contraindicated
Additional cardiac Tests
46. Inflammation of the pericardial sac with or without effusion - S/S: sharp - pleuritic chest pain that's worse when laying down - pericardial friction rub on exam - ST elevations in ALL leads!!! - depressed PR intervals
UTI
Pericarditis
Testicular Torsion
Aortic Dissection definition - risks and S/S
47. V1-V3 - V2-V4 Means LAD (left anterior descending) involved
Anteroseptal leads and Anterior
Aortic Dissection definition - risks and S/S
Pericarditis
Supplemental O2
48. Active internal bleeding - hx hemorrhagic stroke/TIA in the past year - Intracranial tumor - AV malformation or aneurysm - suspected aortic dissection or tamponade - Severe bleeding disorder - Head trauma - Intracranial procedure
Types of Infectious diarrhea Campylobacter
Contraindications for thrombolytics
Divertriculitis
Advanced airway techniques
49. Elevated Bp with signs of end organ damage to brain - eyes - heart or kidney. - Organ damage risk increases when diastolic Bp > 115-130 - HTN urgency if see high Bp but no signs of organ damage yet - Get a head CT ASAP!! Symptoms: Head: HA - confusio
When to do a pelvic exam
Posterior
Contraindications for thrombolytics
Hypertensive Emergency
50. Directly invades the intestine - s/s abd pain - watery or bloody diarrhea - vomiting
Types of Infectious diarrhea Yersinia
Anteroseptal leads and Anterior
Placental Abruption
Cardiac Tamponade